Det Norske Veritastm

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Det Norske Veritastm DET NORSKE VERITASTM Report VISUAL MAPPING IN THE BARENTS SEA 2012 STATOIL PETROLEUM AS TOTAL AS GDF SUEZ AS LUNDIN AS REPORT NO./DNV REG NO.: 2013-0022 / 14MSJXA-17 REV 01, 2013-02-28 Det Norske Veritas Report for Statoil Petroleum AS Total AS GDF Guez AS Lundin AS Visual Mapping in the Barents Sea 2012 MANAGING RISK Table of Contents Page 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Equipment and methodology ..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 3 2 NORWEGIAN SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Innledning .................................................................................................................................. 4 2.2 Utstyr og metodikk .................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Konklusjoner ............................................................................................................................. 6 3 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 7 3.1 Background ................................................................................................................................ 7 3.2 Purpose ...................................................................................................................................... 9 4 MATERIAL AND METHODS ........................................................................................................ 10 4.1 Survey program ....................................................................................................................... 10 4.2 Equipment ................................................................................................................................ 12 4.2.1 Ship and ROV .................................................................................................................. 12 4.2.2 Positioning ........................................................................................................................ 12 4.3 Sampling strategy .................................................................................................................... 12 4.4 Data collection ......................................................................................................................... 14 4.4.1 Data logging system ......................................................................................................... 14 4.4.2 Substrate and fauna registrations ...................................................................................... 14 5 RESULTS .......................................................................................................................................... 17 5.1 Apollo Main (Statoil) ............................................................................................................... 17 5.1.1 General description .......................................................................................................... 17 5.1.2 Sediment characteristics ................................................................................................... 18 5.1.3 Fauna characteristics ........................................................................................................ 18 5.1.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 19 5.2 Apollo Appraisal (Statoil) ....................................................................................................... 19 5.2.1 General description .......................................................................................................... 19 5.2.2 Sediment characteristics ................................................................................................... 20 5.2.3 Fauna characteristics ........................................................................................................ 20 5.2.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 21 5.3 Atlantis B (Statoil) ................................................................................................................... 21 5.3.1 General description .......................................................................................................... 21 5.3.2 Sediment characteristics ................................................................................................... 22 5.3.3 Fauna characteristics ........................................................................................................ 22 5.3.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 23 5.4 Norvarg (Total) ........................................................................................................................ 23 5.4.1 General description .......................................................................................................... 23 5.4.2 Sediment characteristics ................................................................................................... 24 DNV Report No: 2013-0022 Revision No.: 01 Date : 2013-02-28 Page ii of iv Det Norske Veritas Report for Statoil Petroleum AS Total AS GDF Guez AS Lundin AS Visual Mapping in the Barents Sea 2012 MANAGING RISK 5.4.3 Fauna characteristics ........................................................................................................ 24 5.4.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 24 5.5 Askepott (Statoil) ..................................................................................................................... 25 5.5.1 General description .......................................................................................................... 25 5.5.2 Sediment characteristics ................................................................................................... 26 5.5.3 Fauna characteristics ........................................................................................................ 26 5.5.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 27 5.6 Drivis (Statoil) ......................................................................................................................... 28 5.6.1 General description .......................................................................................................... 28 5.6.2 Sediment characteristics ................................................................................................... 28 5.6.3 Fauna characteristics ........................................................................................................ 29 5.6.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 30 5.7 Kramsnø (Statoil) .................................................................................................................... 30 5.7.1 General description .......................................................................................................... 30 5.7.2 Sediment characteristics ................................................................................................... 31 5.7.3 Fauna characteristics ........................................................................................................ 32 5.7.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 32 5.8 Iskrystall (Statoil) .................................................................................................................... 33 5.8.1 General description .......................................................................................................... 33 5.8.2 Sediment characteristics ................................................................................................... 33 5.8.3 Fauna characteristics ........................................................................................................ 34 5.8.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 34 5.9 Byrkje Central (GDF Suez) ..................................................................................................... 35 5.9.1 General description .......................................................................................................... 35 5.9.2 Sediment characteristics ................................................................................................... 35 5.9.3 Fauna characteristics ........................................................................................................ 36 5.9.4 Conclusion
Recommended publications
  • CNIDARIA Corals, Medusae, Hydroids, Myxozoans
    FOUR Phylum CNIDARIA corals, medusae, hydroids, myxozoans STEPHEN D. CAIRNS, LISA-ANN GERSHWIN, FRED J. BROOK, PHILIP PUGH, ELLIOT W. Dawson, OscaR OcaÑA V., WILLEM VERvooRT, GARY WILLIAMS, JEANETTE E. Watson, DENNIS M. OPREsko, PETER SCHUCHERT, P. MICHAEL HINE, DENNIS P. GORDON, HAMISH J. CAMPBELL, ANTHONY J. WRIGHT, JUAN A. SÁNCHEZ, DAPHNE G. FAUTIN his ancient phylum of mostly marine organisms is best known for its contribution to geomorphological features, forming thousands of square Tkilometres of coral reefs in warm tropical waters. Their fossil remains contribute to some limestones. Cnidarians are also significant components of the plankton, where large medusae – popularly called jellyfish – and colonial forms like Portuguese man-of-war and stringy siphonophores prey on other organisms including small fish. Some of these species are justly feared by humans for their stings, which in some cases can be fatal. Certainly, most New Zealanders will have encountered cnidarians when rambling along beaches and fossicking in rock pools where sea anemones and diminutive bushy hydroids abound. In New Zealand’s fiords and in deeper water on seamounts, black corals and branching gorgonians can form veritable trees five metres high or more. In contrast, inland inhabitants of continental landmasses who have never, or rarely, seen an ocean or visited a seashore can hardly be impressed with the Cnidaria as a phylum – freshwater cnidarians are relatively few, restricted to tiny hydras, the branching hydroid Cordylophora, and rare medusae. Worldwide, there are about 10,000 described species, with perhaps half as many again undescribed. All cnidarians have nettle cells known as nematocysts (or cnidae – from the Greek, knide, a nettle), extraordinarily complex structures that are effectively invaginated coiled tubes within a cell.
    [Show full text]
  • Hidden Among Sea Anemones: the First Comprehensive Phylogenetic Reconstruction of the Order Actiniaria
    Hidden among Sea Anemones: The First Comprehensive Phylogenetic Reconstruction of the Order Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia) Reveals a Novel Group of Hexacorals Estefanı´a Rodrı´guez1*, Marcos S. Barbeitos2,3, Mercer R. Brugler1,2,4, Louise M. Crowley1, Alejandro Grajales1,4, Luciana Gusma˜o5, Verena Ha¨ussermann6, Abigail Reft7, Marymegan Daly8 1 Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York City, New York, United States of America, 2 Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York City, New York, United States of America, 3 Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Parana´, Curitiba, Brazil, 4 Richard Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History, New York City, New York, United States of America, 5 Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Sa˜o Paulo, Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil, 6 Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Pontificia Universidad Cato´lica de Valparaı´so, Valparaı´so, Chile, 7 Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 8 Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America Abstract Sea anemones (order Actiniaria) are among the most diverse and successful members of the anthozoan subclass Hexacorallia, occupying benthic marine habitats across all depths and latitudes. Actiniaria comprises approximately 1,200 species of solitary and skeleton-less polyps and lacks any anatomical synapomorphy. Although monophyly is anticipated based on higher-level molecular phylogenies of Cnidaria, to date, monophyly has not been explicitly tested and at least some hypotheses on the diversification of Hexacorallia have suggested that actiniarians are para- or poly-phyletic.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mitochondrial Genome of the Sea Anemone Stichodactyla Haddoni Reveals Catalytic Introns, Insertion-Like Element, and Unexpected Phylogeny
    life Article The Mitochondrial Genome of the Sea Anemone Stichodactyla haddoni Reveals Catalytic Introns, Insertion-Like Element, and Unexpected Phylogeny Steinar Daae Johansen 1,2,*, Sylvia I. Chi 3, Arseny Dubin 1 and Tor Erik Jørgensen 1 1 Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049 Bodø, Norway; [email protected] (A.D.); [email protected] (T.E.J.) 2 Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway 3 Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, ON K1G 4J5, Canada; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: A hallmark of sea anemone mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) is the presence of complex catalytic group I introns. Here, we report the complete mitogenome and corresponding tran- scriptome of the carpet sea anemone Stichodactyla haddoni (family Stichodactylidae). The mitogenome is vertebrate-like in size, organization, and gene content. Two mitochondrial genes encoding NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) are interrupted with complex group I introns, and one of the introns (ND5-717) harbors two conventional mitochondrial genes (ND1 and ND3) within its sequence. All the mitochondrial genes, including the group I introns, are expressed at the RNA level. Nonconventional and optional mitochondrial genes are present in Citation: Johansen, S.D.; Chi, S.I.; the mitogenome of S. haddoni. One of these gene codes for a COI-884 intron homing endonuclease Dubin, A.; Jørgensen, T.E. The Mitochondrial Genome of the Sea and is organized in-frame with the upstream COI exon. The insertion-like orfA is expressed as RNA Anemone Stichodactyla haddoni and translocated in the mitogenome as compared with other sea anemones.
    [Show full text]
  • (Marlin) Review of Biodiversity for Marine Spatial Planning Within
    The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (MarLIN) Review of Biodiversity for Marine Spatial Planning within the Firth of Clyde Report to: The SSMEI Clyde Pilot from the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN). Contract no. R70073PUR Olivia Langmead Emma Jackson Dan Lear Jayne Evans Becky Seeley Rob Ellis Nova Mieszkowska Harvey Tyler-Walters FINAL REPORT October 2008 Reference: Langmead, O., Jackson, E., Lear, D., Evans, J., Seeley, B. Ellis, R., Mieszkowska, N. and Tyler-Walters, H. (2008). The Review of Biodiversity for Marine Spatial Planning within the Firth of Clyde. Report to the SSMEI Clyde Pilot from the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN). Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. [Contract number R70073PUR] 1 Firth of Clyde Biodiversity Review 2 Firth of Clyde Biodiversity Review Contents Executive summary................................................................................11 1. Introduction...................................................................................15 1.1 Marine Spatial Planning................................................................15 1.1.1 Ecosystem Approach..............................................................15 1.1.2 Recording the Current Situation ................................................16 1.1.3 National and International obligations and policy drivers..................16 1.2 Scottish Sustainable Marine Environment Initiative...............................17 1.2.1 SSMEI Clyde Pilot ..................................................................17
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of Human Activities on Benthic Biotopes and Species
    The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (MarLIN) Impact of human activities on benthic biotopes and species Report to Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Contract no. CDEP 84/5/244 Dr Harvey Tyler-Walters & Dr Keith Hiscock Contractor: Marine Life Information Network for Britain and Ireland, Marine Biological Association of the UK, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB. FINAL REPORT June 2005 (Contract period November 2001 to October 2004) Reference: Tyler-Walters, H. & Hiscock, K., 2005. Impact of human activities on benthic biotopes and species. Report to Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs from the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN). Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the UK. [Contract no. CDEP 84/5/244] Impact of human activities on benthic biotopes and species MarLIN 2 Impact of human activities on benthic biotopes and species MarLIN Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................9 1. Introduction to the report ......................................................................................11 2. Background to the project.....................................................................................11 3. Contract objectives ................................................................................................11 4. Tasks and Milestones.............................................................................................13 4.1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................13
    [Show full text]
  • On the Classification of Actiniaria
    On the Classification of Actiniaria. Part II.—Consideration of the whole group and its relationships, with special reference to forms not treated in Part I.1 By T. A. Stephenson, M.Sc, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth. With 20 Text-figurea. CONTENTS. PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 493 2. BRIEF HISTORICAL SECTION . 497 3. DISCUSSION or CHARACTERS TO BE TTSED IN CLASSIFICATION . 499 4. SPECIAL DISCUSSIONS AND OUTLINE or NEW SCHEME . 505 5. EVOLUTIONARY SUGGESTIONS ....... 553 6. SUMMARY . 566 7. SHORT GLOSSARY 572 1. INTRODUCTION. IT has been necessary, on account of the length of the present paper, to confine Part II to discussions ; the definitions of families and genera involved, on the lines of those already- given in Part I, will be printed in another issue of this Journal as Part III, which will also contain a list of literature and an index to genera covering Parts II and III. The list of literature will be additional to that printed in Part I, and any numbers given in brackets in the following pages will refer to the two lists as one whole. Part I dealt with a relatively limited and compact group of 1 Part I was published in Vol. 64 of this Journal. NO. 260 L 1 494 • T. A. STEPHENSON anemones in a fairly detailed way ; the residue of forms is much larger, and there will not be space available in Part II for as much detail. I have not set apart a section of the paper as a criticism of the classification I wish to modify, as it has economized space to let objections emerge here and there in connexion with the individual changes suggested.
    [Show full text]
  • Download PDF Version
    MarLIN Marine Information Network Information on the species and habitats around the coasts and sea of the British Isles Novocrania anomala and Protanthea simplex on very wave-sheltered circalittoral rock MarLIN – Marine Life Information Network Marine Evidence–based Sensitivity Assessment (MarESA) Review John Readman 2018-02-16 A report from: The Marine Life Information Network, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Please note. This MarESA report is a dated version of the online review. Please refer to the website for the most up-to-date version [https://www.marlin.ac.uk/habitats/detail/1162]. All terms and the MarESA methodology are outlined on the website (https://www.marlin.ac.uk) This review can be cited as: Readman, J.A.J., 2018. [Novocrania anomala] and [Protanthea simplex] on very wave-sheltered circalittoral rock. In Tyler-Walters H. and Hiscock K. (eds) Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Reviews, [on-line]. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.17031/marlinhab.1162.1 The information (TEXT ONLY) provided by the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own terms and conditions and they may or may not be available for reuse. Permissions beyond the scope of this license are available here. Based on a work at www.marlin.ac.uk (page left blank)
    [Show full text]
  • Diverse and Vulnerable Deep-Water Biotopes in the Hardangerfjord
    Supplementary Table. List of observed species and taxa from Hardangerfjord. Relative abundances are given as the number of field sequences with occurrence of the different species and N, the number of individuals and colonies. X indicates presence without attempts to count. Depth is given as mean with range in parentheses. Indet. = not identified to lower systematic levels. Field N Taxa sequences (ind & col) Depth Algae Litothamnium sp. 1 121 52 (50-54) Foraminifera Rhabdammina sp. 14 X 299 (131-417) Foraminifera indet. 5 326 (287-346) Foraminifera indet. sand test 8 X 284 (132-403) Foraminifera indet. calcareous 34 X 286 (148-427) Foraminifera indet. yellow 44 298 (88-426) Pelosina arborescens 13 X 300 (115-417) Porifera Antho dichotoma 26 148 198 (124-352) Aplysilla sulfurea 5 23 206 (133-323) Asbestopluma pennatula 1 1 215 Axinella infundibuliformis 78 35 188 (50-416) Axinellidae indet. 2172 187 (50-364) Craniella zetlandica 2139 Geodia atlantica 1127 Geodia baretti 1199 Geodia spp. 10 94 170 (132-359) Geodia macandrewi 1202 Mycale lingua 28 491 200 (85-347) Phakellia ventilabrum 104 27 233 (81-410) Polymastidae indet. 9 223 (147-402) Porifera indet. encrusting 31 X 243 (105-410) Porifera encrusting (cf. Hymedesmia paupertas) 65 X 214 (79-383) Porifera indet. branched 8 1 218 (124-395) Porifera indet. large 1 41 321 Porifera indet. large white 1 44 222 (133-320) Porifera indet. round hairy 7 249 (172-338) Porifera indet. small 5 189 211 (133-357) Porifera indet. small white 2 X 175 (132-350) Porifera indet. small yellow 2 26 244 (206-343) Porifera indet.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproduction of Cnidaria1
    Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen 1735 REVIEW/SYNTHÈSE Reproduction of Cnidaria1 Daphne Gail Fautin Abstract: Empirical and experimental data on cnidarian reproduction show it to be more variable than had been thought, and many patterns that had previously been deduced hold up poorly or not at all in light of additional data. The border between sexual and asexual reproduction appears to be faint. This may be due to analytical tools being in- sufficiently powerful to distinguish between the two, but it may be that a distinction between sexual and asexual repro- duction is not very important biologically to cnidarians. Given the variety of modes by which it is now evident that asexual reproduction occurs, its ecological and evolutionary implications have probably been underestimated. Appropri- ate analytical frameworks and strategies must be developed for these morphologically simple animals, in which sexual reproduction may not be paramount, that during one lifetime may pass though two or more phases differing radically in morphology and ecology, that may hybridize, that are potentially extremely long-lived, and that may transmit through both sexual and asexual reproduction mutations arising in somatic tissue. In cnidarians, perhaps more than in any other phylum, reproductive attributes have been used to define taxa, but they do so at a variety of levels and not necessarily in the way they have conventionally been considered. At the species level, in Scleractinia, in which these features have been most studied, taxa defined on the basis of morphology, sexual reproduction, and molecular charac- ters may not coincide; there are insufficient data to determine if this is true throughout the phylum.
    [Show full text]
  • Two New Deep-Sea Species of Burrowing Anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Edwardsiidae) from Whittard Canyon Off the Southwestern Coast of Ireland
    AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Number 3945, 25 pp. February 12, 2020 Two new deep-sea species of burrowing anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Edwardsiidae) from Whittard Canyon off the southwestern coast of Ireland LUCIANA C. GUSMÃO,1 CHERIE QU,2, 3 SADIE L. BURKE,2,4 AND ESTEFANÍA RODRÍGUEZ1 ABSTRACT Burrowing sea anemones have a simple morphology with an elongate body and a round aboral end that anchors the animal into mud, sand, or gravel, leaving only the tentacle crown exposed. Edwardsiids are easily differentiated from other burrowing sea anemones by their dis- tinctive mesentery arrangement of eight unpaired macrocnemes at midcolumn with microcnemes restricted to the distal column at the base of the tentacles. Though edwardsiids may be frequently collected in biodiversity surveys, oceanographic expeditions, and ecological monitoring projects, their identification is particularly hampered by their small size, the need for histology, the high number of undescribed species, and the few specialists able to identify them. Scolanthus belongs to the subfamily Edwardsiinae, which is characterized by nemathybomes; it is differentiated from other members of the subfamily by having nemathybomes with basitrichs and periderm in the proximal end, at least eight microcnemes, and 16 or more tentacles in adults. The 14 valid species of Scolanthus are distributed worldwide, but only four species have been recorded from waters deeper than 100 m (S. ingolfi, 1461 m; S. nidarosiensis, 125–150 m; S. intermedius, 223 m; S. tri- angulus, 71–271 m). Here we describe Scolanthus shrimp, sp. nov., and S. celticus, sp. nov., the first two sea anemones recorded from the deep-sea Whittard Canyon off the coast of Ireland.
    [Show full text]
  • Anthozoa: Actiniaria) Fangueiro Ramos De Oceano Profundo Do Norte Atlântico
    Universidade de Aveiro Departamento de Biologia 2010 MANUELA FAUNA DE ANÉMONAS (ANTHOZOA: ACTINIARIA) FANGUEIRO RAMOS DE OCEANO PROFUNDO DO NORTE ATLÂNTICO. SEA ANEMONES (ANTHOZOA: ACTINIARIA) FAUNA OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC DEEP SEA. Universidade de Aveiro Departamento de Biologia 2010 MANUELA FAUNA DE ANÉMONAS (ANTHOZOA: ACTINIARIA) FANGUEIRO RAMOS DE OCEANO PROFUNDO DO NORTE ATLÂNTICO. Dissertação apresentada à Universidade de Aveiro para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências das Zonas Costeiras, realizada sob a orientação científica do Prof. Dr. Pablo López- González, Professor Associado do Departamento de Fisiologia e Zoologia da Universidade de Sevilha, e da Prof. Dra. Maria Marina Pais Ribeiro da Cunha, Professora Auxiliar do Departamento de Biologia da Universidade de Aveiro Apoio financeiro do IFREMER (Institut Projecto “Identification dês Français de Recherche pour Hexacoralliaires collectes au cours de l’Exploitation de la Mer). differentes campagnes pour objectif l’etude dês ecosystems profonds dans differents contexts” de ref. 18.06.05.79.01. Dedico este trabalho à minha família pelo incansável apoio. o júri presidente Doutora Filomena Cardoso Martins professora auxiliar do Departamento de Ambiente e Ordenamento, Universidade de Aveiro vogais Doutor António Emílio Ferrand de Almeida Múrias dos Santos professor auxiliar do Departamento de Biologia da Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto Doutor Pablo José López-González professor titular da Faculdade de Biologia, Universidade de Sevilha (co-orientador) Doutora Maria Marina Pais Ribeiro da Cunha professora auxiliar do Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro (orientadora) agradecimentos Gostaria de agradecer aos meus orientadores. Ao Prof. Dr. Pablo J. López- González por ter me aceitado para desenvolver este trabalho de mestrado antes de me conhecer.
    [Show full text]
  • The Marine Habitat Classification for Britain and Ireland. Version 04.05
    THE MARINE HABITAT CLASSIFICATION FOR BRITAIN AND IRELAND VERSION 04.05 INTRODUCTION DAVID W. CONNOR, JAMES H. ALLEN*, NEIL GOLDING, KERRY L. HOWELL, LOUISE M. LIEBERKNECHT, KATE O. NORTHEN♦ AND JOHNNY B. REKER May 2004 JOINT NATURE CONSERVATION COMMITTEE * INSTITUTE OF COASTAL AND ESTUARINE STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF HULL ♦ SEA-SCOPE, DEVON The Marine Habitat Classification for Britain and Ireland Version 04.05 Introduction Joint Nature Conservation Committee Monkstone House City Road Peterborough PE1 1JY UK Recommended citation: DAVID W. CONNOR, JAMES H. ALLEN, NEIL GOLDING, KERRY L. HOWELL, LOUISE M. LIEBERKNECHT, KATE O. NORTHEN AND JOHNNY B. REKER (2004) The Marine Habitat Classification for Britain and Ireland Version 04.05. JNCC, Peterborough ISBN 1 861 07561 8 (internet version) www.jncc.gov.uk/MarineHabitatClassification ISBN 1 861 07561 8 Text © 2004 Copyright JNCC All Rights Reserved 2 The Marine Habitat Classification for Britain and Ireland Version 04.05 Introduction Contents Summary................................................................................................................................... 5 Acknowledgements................................................................................................................... 6 Rationale and need for a habitat classification...................................................................... 8 Purpose and scope ............................................................................................................................... 8 Requirements of a
    [Show full text]