--у /

Published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., I I c, a fraternal non-profit association| rainian Ш V Vol. LV No.43 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 25,1987 25 cents

Recently freed Ukrainian Baptist Ukrainian Canadian Committee opens begins a new life in lobby office on Parliament Hill by Marianna Liss when his family first requested by Michael Bociurkiw duced to a group of about 100 UCC permission to exit the Soviet Union, officials and guests at a Sunday recep­ CHICAGO - Mykhaylo Kopot - "The persecution (of believers) reached OTTAWA - Several months of tion commemorating the opening of the Ukrainian, Baptist, refusenik, Soviet such intensity that we wondered what planning and fund-raising came to an office. dissident — arrived at Chicago's could be done to protest; other forms of end on October 11 as members of "The bureau will facilitate communi- 0'Hare Airport on October 2, with his protest had been successfully Canada's national umbrella organiza­ cations between the Ukrainian father, Ivan, and mother, Ahna, to start repressed." tion of Ukrainians opened an office Canadian Committee and the various a new life here. Ironically, the new wave of terror within a few blocks of Parliament Hill. executive and legislative branches of the Two months ago the family had took place while Soviet delegates were Described by some as a "Ukrainian federal government and the media," ended a longer voyage through 10 years dutifully signing the 1975 Helsinki embassy" and a "lobby office" by said Mr. Hluchowecky. "They will of red tape, official refusal and Accords that affirmed the freedoms of others, the facility is regarded by the receive accurate and rapid information harassment which began when the religion, speech and movement, among Ukrainian Canadian Committee as a about any aspect of Ukrainian life... Kopots of Lviv, , sought an exit others. major step in increasing its influence on whether it pertains to Ukrainians living visa from the USSR. To protest the sham, Evangelical the federal government. in Canada or to the repressive situation On Sunday, October 14, here at the Baptists began en masse requesting The office, housed in a downtown that Ukrainians find themselves in their Ukrainian Baptist, Church during both permission to go to the West. If the office tower, will be staffed by two homeland." the morning and evening services, Soviets had agreed in principle to the people. Organizers said it will serve as The deputy speaker of the House of Mykaylo Kopot, 26, explained th^ human-rights accords, promising the an important mechanism to funnel Commons, Steve Paprosky, presented reason the family sought to leave the freedom to emigrate to its citizens, they information on a wide range of Ukrai­ greetings from Prime Minister Brian USSR despite so many barriers. As his reasoned, then believers would ask the nian community issues to government Mulroney. UCC National President mother remarked, most people would government permission to depart. and media representatives. Dmytro Cipywnyk ceremoniously rather compromise than endanger Eventually, 50,000 Baptists and Pente- Organizers credited the late Sen. Paul presented the keys to the office to Mr. themselves. "And yet they (the people in costals from all over the USSR peti­ Yuzyk with conceiving the idea of a Hluchowecky. the country) would look to us," she tioned the government. Ukrainian office in Ottawa. The push The opening of the office coincided noted. "The authorities were taken aback by for an office gained momentum after with the UCC*s three-day national con­ The young Mr. Kopot outlined a this action," said Mr. Kopot. After­ the senator's death last year with the ference, which attracted local UCC situation in which believers, specifically wards the government relented some­ establishment of a memorial fund that heads to a round of plenary sessions, Baptists, had no other recourse but to what; pressure on believers was eased a channels donations to the office. workshops and lectures. emigrate. little. Andrew Hluchowecky, the new exe­ During one plenary session, delegates He said that during the late 1970s, (Continued on page 2) cutive director of the office, was intro­ (Continued on page 13) Miss America discusses her dreams, plans by Natalia A. Feduschak gone and will go toward financing her education. She received her Registered Nurse diploma in 1985 JERSEY CITY, N.J. - "My attitude ^yas that I from St. Vincent Medical Center and hopes to con­ didn't want to beat out anyone else," Kaye Lani Rae tinue her studies in nursing and eventually obtain Rafko, Miss America 1988, said recently. "I bachelor's and master's degrees specializing in thought it would be a wonderful experience even if oncology. I didn't win. My dream was to make it to Atlantic Although she does not speak Ukrainian and was City. I was preparing myself for defeat." not involved in Ukrainian organizations while she Make it to Atlantic City she did and she did not was growing up, Miss Rafko stated she fee1s very leave defeated. A mild-mannered nurse who has much a Ukrainian. Indeed, right after winning the worked with cancer and AIDS victims, Miss Miss America pageant, when asked about the talent Rafko, 24, represents, perhaps, a new breed of Miss part of the competition during the pageant (she America. performed a Hawaiian-Tahitian dance) she was During a 15-minute telephone interview with The quoted as saying "I'm not Hawaiian, I'm Ukrai­ Ukrainian Weekly recently, the new Miss America, nian." whose first name is Hawaiian, but whose heritage is "It was always a part of me," she said of her Ukrainian (with some Irish and Welsh mixed in) Ukrainian background. "When I was growing up, discussed her ethnic background, the Miss America my great-grandparents were from Austria, and we pageant and her hopes for the future. always used to go over there. It was just always a "I still haven't come down," Miss Rafko said of part of me. I was brought up with it. My mother her feelings on becoming Miss America on makes pyrohy twice a month. That is my favorite September 19, a dream shared by some 80,000 dish. She makes them with potato and cheese — young women annually. well over 100. We (the family) all love them. I've Winning the pageant was the culmination of a made them before, but never had any luck. We11 fry six-year process, which began when Miss Rafko them for breakfast, lunch and dinner." wanted to go to college, but had no money to do so. Miss Rafko said she did not know off-hand what "The tuition was S70O," she said. So, to pay for her part of Ukraine her family came from (her father is education, Miss Rafko decided to enter a local Ukrainian), although in the 10th grade she did a pageant and won. The prize was S70O. "roots project, my whole family history. I learned a "I stuck with the pageants, went to the state great deal from Baba." pageant - the prize was S1,50O — and won. The Miss Rafko also noted she had initially hoped to money was wonderful. 1t was almost like an addic­ perform a for the talent part of the tion. 1 fell in love with it." Miss Rafko has won over pageants she competed in but could not find a S40,00O in scholarship money including S30,000 place near her home that taught the ethnic dance. from the Miss America contest, a11 of which has (Continued on page 16) шштшШтштшшшшшшшшшшшш THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 25. 1987 No.43

authorities tried to prevent him from Recently freed... receiving his diploma, earned at a A GLIMPSE OF SOVIET REALITY (Continued from page 1) technical school. He received the But to dissuade people from leaving, document, but then could not find work the KGB resorted to veiled threats for a while. Later he found a job as a saying that leaving the Soviet Union janitor, and then at a construction site. Ukrainian writers express dissatisfaction was not something a normal person The final maneuver of the Soviet would contemplate. (This is a subtle officials was to draft Mr. Kopot into the way of saying that such "abnormal" army, though he was well beyond the with "restructuring" of national life people might have a psychiatric ward age at which Soviet citizens are usually stay in their future, if they persisted in conscripted. by Roman Solchanyk problems that led to the decline of acting "crazy.") Mr. Kopot announced to the govern­ Ukrainian cinema and theater, warning Later, Soviet officials used another ment and to his friends at the Moscow The recent resolution of the Central that things are not so easy to do and tactic; telling petitioners that they group that he had decided to go to Committee of the Communist Party of expressing hopes for the future." There would wind up homeless in the West - prison rather than serve in the army. Ukraine "On Measures for the Realiza­ was no lack of well-wishing, no one wanted them. When this line of "This of course was a sensational tion in the Republic of the Decisions of commented the newspaper, but what is argument failed, the authorities com­ decision," he commented, "though the 27th Party Congress and the CPSU needed is concrete proposals. plained that Baptists would be used to there are many hundreds of Baptist Central Committee Plenum of January Doubt about the party's sincerity was promote anti-Soviet propaganda by the young men sitting in prison because of 1987 in the Area of National Relations also apparent in the speech of Vitaliy West. "We replied that we would not their refusal to join the army." The and Strengthening the International Donchyk, who emphasized that the involve ourselves in propaganda, but difference in his case was that his and Patriotic Education of Workers" problem is "not in the number of pro­ only speak the truth," Mr. Kopot said. declaration was so public and that has come in for implicit criticism at a posals, but in a principled stand on the Through all this the Kopots, and Secretary of State George Shultz was in session of the presidium of the board of part of responsible comrades to the others trying to emigrate, li\ed in Moscow at the time. Mr. Kopot said he the Ukrainian Writers' Union. The resolution of the Central Committee." constant uncertainty. Most continue to is convinced that Secretary Shultz party resolution, which focused mainly The harshest criticism of the bureau­ do so - the great majority of them have brought up his group's predicament on various aspects of the language cracy came from Dmytro Pavlychko, not received permission to leave the with General Secretary Mikhail question, clearly fell far short of the de­ who once again argued "the need for USSR. Gorbachev. mands that have been put forth by the constitutional protection of the Ukrai­ Mr. Kopot said of his state of mind: "Our leaving was a great mercy of Ukrainian intelligentsia during the past nian language from the determination "I didn't know whether or not I would God, planned beforehand by God... All two years. of the yahoos in officialdom": succeed, but I always had the feeling happened for the good of the cause for The dissatisfaction of the writers with "This point has been formulated that I would." At any rate, there was precisely in our initiatives. But we which I fought," he said. the party's approach to restructuring in little for him to lose. He had never "I never thought that we were leaving matters related to the national question should add: in order to choose — freely! joined the Komsomol, the Communist - in what kind of school a child is to be (from the USSR) to go to a paradise. came to the surface in the course of the youth organization, which is a There is one sort of problems there and speeches at the session of the presidium, taught, there have to be schools. Also prerequisite to acquiring a good for Jews and Poles. But in some 0bIasts, other types here. But whatever which was convened to discuss imple­ position or higher education. problems we encounter, with God's mentation of the party resolution. A even in the Ukrainian-language ones, "Even the seminary was out of reach they [Ukrainian-language schools] are help, they will all be within our strength report on the meeting was published in a for me," he told the congregation, to overcome," he stated, adding that he recent issue of the literary weekly in a minority. And until we realize that "because it is controlled by Russians the free choice of the language is a felt a continued responsibility toward Literaturna Ukraina. and secondly (it is controlled) by the the believers left behind. He said he The fact that the party has adopted a prerogative of the state, no one will government. So whether I tried to leave protect us from the vulgar sociological would keep working.on their behalf, resolution, it was argued, does not mean or not it, was all the same." Currently the Kopots are living in that everything has changed overnight: manipulations of those miserable individuals who are trying to make a At this time he also began associating their own apartment provided by the "It does not at all mean that our with an organization called the Moscow Ukrainian Baptist Church with stipends mistakes have been corrected, that with career at the expense of the native language. 1 don't know how one can Group for Establishing Trust Between for necessities such as food and clothing the adoption of the above-named the East and West. included as well. The church p1ans to resolution of the Central Committee of trust the ideological and aesthetic upbringing of people who even talk to Its primary goal was to promote trust send Mykhaylo to school. the Ukrainian party the civic and between the two blocs, closer links When asked his thoughts on the departmental failings at the appropriate their own mothers in the language of the subordinate bureaucratic office." between people and governments in struggle of believers to emigrate, the levels will suddenly be transformed into order to relieve tensions between the pastor of the congregation, the Rev. virtues... One can hardly expect that the Mr. Pavlychko also noted that the two blocs. Some members of the group 01exa Harbuziuk, stated that Ukrai­ measures that have been outlined will be time has come for Jewish, Bulgarian tended to be pacifists as well. But nian Baptists in the West are ready to put into practice just because they are and other theaters in Ukraine, and he shortly they recognized that the deeper help anyone who expresses a dire need democratic." referred once again to the small editions is?sue and the cause of tensions lay in the to leave the Soviet Union. Not only were the Ukrainian writers of books and journals published in the human-rights problem within the republic. "Can it be that this is of no On the other hand they would like the skeptical as to the concrete results that Soviet Union, Mr. Kopot explained. Baptist pastors to try to remain in the can be expected from the proposed concern to the Ministry of Culture?" he asked rhetorically. Subsequently the group was highly country, in Ukraine, if at all possible. restructuring in the sphere of national successful in fostering and maintaining "Otherwise the Word would die," he relations, but there were also references The dissemination of publications ties with similar groups in the West. said. to "relapses of stagnation phenomena." was also raised by Ivan Tsyupa, who Particularly rewarding was their work The Baptist community's help is not The head of the Ukrainian Writers' referredI0 a decree cutting institutional with the Green Party in and in limited to co-religionists; Catholics or Union, Yuriy Mushketyk, coniplained subscriptions by 30 percent. As it turns West , which rethought its Orthodox who express their desire for that thus far there has been little more out, this decree is being implemented by support of Soviet initiatives because of help are assisted as well, the pastor than talk in Ukraine. In the other cancelling Ukrainian-language publica­ the personal contact the Moscow group noted. tions issued by the Ukrainian Writers' republics, he argued, there has already had established with the Greens. The central issue, the reason people been action, ministries and specially Union. At the same time, said Mr. But Mr. Kopot's life in the Soviet Tsyupa, pupils in a Ukrainian school do want out, is persecution, the Rev. formed commissions headed by dissident movement was soon to end. Harbuziuk said. 1t is the conditions in ministerial-level functionaries have are greeting their teachers with the start The KGB attempted to silence him. He of the new school year in the Russian the USSR and the desire for a better life begun to tackle the existing problems. was detained, he lost his job. The and for freedom that draws refugees. According to Literaturna Ukraina, language. the Ukrainian Minister of Culture, Another target of the writers was the Yuriy 01enenko, talked a great deal Ministry of Education which, according about "the important tasks at this new to Tamara Kolomiyets, has yet to FOUNDED 1933 stage of cultural construction, "but "un­ approve the appropriate curriculum for ОI:гаіпіапиееУі fortunately [he] carefully avoided those (Continued on page 11) An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, N.j. Ukrainian receives death sentence 07302 MOSCOW - A Ukrainian has been The Associated Press reported that in sentenced to death by firing squad by a 1944 Mr. Honcharuk became a member Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, N.J. 07302. Soviet court on charges of being a Nazi of the Organization of Ukrainian Na­ (ISSN - 0273-9348) accomplice who murdered and tortured tionalists and in mid-1945 fought in one people during Wor1d War И, the Soviet of its battalions. While fighting against Yearly subscription rate: S8; for UNA members - %b. news agency TASS reported on Mon­ the Red Army, he was captured. Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. day, October 19. He was sentenced for Because of his age, he was sentenced The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA: "crimes committed during Wor1d War to a longer jail sentence and time in a (201) 434-02З7,-0807, 30З6 (201)451-2200 П against the civilian population." concentration camp. After this sentence Reuters reported that Ivan he was released and left Ukraine. Only Postmaster, send address Editor: Roma Hadzewycz Honcharuk fought in an insurrec­ recently he was recognized by his changes to: Assistant Editors: Natalia A. Feduschak tionary Ukrainian nationalist group victims, the AP reported. The Ukrainian Weekly Chrystyna N. Lapychak that was considered by the authorities After a weeklong trial, the prosecutor P.O. Box 346 Canadian Correspondent: Michael B. Bociurkiw to have been established under Nazi Pavlo DumaI0, asked for the death sen­ Jersey City. N.J, 07303 Midwest Correspondent: Marianna Liss orders from the summer of 1944 to the tence for Mr. Honcharuk. He stressed end of 1945; ;;n that many war criminals are living in the The Ukrainian WeeklyV October 25K1987, No. 43; Vt)ILV Tlfe triai was held in the town of : West under the protection of the Copyright 1987 by The Ukrainian Weekly /v KaniinTl^oshyF^^, f1i

National Millennium Committee for the record pickets Russian convocation BaIts' testimony before Helsinki Commission by AndnjBilyk He said that both Ukrainian events Following are excerpts of testimony troyed: The work undertaken by the received massive media coverage. by three recently released Baltic human­ Latvian regional environmental pro­ SGRANTON, Pa. - The Ukrainian "More than that, these Ukrainian rights activists given before the U,S, tection c1ub is consistently hampered. National Millennium Committee last events, carried out to near perfection Commission on Security and Coopera­ Often, during talks with the KGB, club month picketed a convocation of despite being organized at the last tion in on October 6. members have been told that the c1ub is Russian American churches affiliated minute, became a directchallenge to the ^ Rolands Silaraups, 21, was ex­ too nationalistic and that in their work with Moscow. By doing so, the commit­ Soviet-Russian September 22-25 pelled from Latvia on July 25. He had they do not take into account state in­ tee blunted a Soviet attempt to use its convocation," Mr. Futey said. been sentenced in 1986 to five years* terests. American affiliate — the Russian Or­ Why is the Soviet Union holding the hard labor for "anti-Soviet activity'*: # 4. Restriction of personal thodox Church of the USA — to pro­ major Millennium festivities in Moscow he was released in February, He was a freedoms: The personal freedoms of mote the Soviet version of the Christian and throughout , when the event member of the Helsinki 86 Latvian each individual, regarding foreign Millennium of Kievan-Rus'(988-1988). they are celebrating occurred in Kiev human-rights group and led a travel, access to literature and similar It happened in Scranton on Friday and throughout Ukraine? Why were nationalist demonstration in Riga on matters, are severely restricted. evening, September 25, the last day of Ukrainian Catholic and Orthodox June14, # 5. Restriction of religous 'free­ the fifth convocation of the Russian Churches destroyed? And why, despite ^ Tiit Madisson, 37, was expelled dom: This is primarily manifested as re­ Orthodox Church of the USA. glasnost, are they not being resurrected from Estonia on September 12. He had pression against religious activists and The picketing was in the form of a — these were among the key questions been sentenced in 1980 to four years of the clergy. At this moment, the most candelight vigil at the convocation site, Ukrainians posed to the Soviet delega­ labor camp for "anti-Soviet "activity: he vivid example is that of the Lutheran Ss. Peter and Paul Russian Orthodox tion, was released last year. He led a mass minister Modris Plate, who, because of Church. Nearly 100 Ukrainian Ameri­ "The Soviet delegation had no demonstration in Tallinn on August 23, his outstanding work with the congre­ cans from a half dozen cities took part. answers. We had them on the run, and ^ Vу taut as Skuodis, 58, emigrated gations of Kuldiga and Edole, has been Most came by car from Binghamton we and they knew it," said Stephen from Lithuania on September8. He had relieved of all his ministerial duties and Washington, and by bus from Procyk, the Washington-based been sentenced in 1980 to seven years' within the Latvian Lutheran church. Kerhonkson. coordinator for the Ukrainian National hard labor for "anti-Soviet "activity. He Other examples include the punish­ The Russian convocation was Millennium Committee's October 1988 was a member of the Lithuanian Hel­ ment of the Rev. Dr. Roberts attended by four bishops from the celebration in the nation's capital. sinki Monitoring Group and the Akmentins, who was removed from his Catholic Committee for the Defense of post as head of the Latvian theological Soviet Union and by more than 100 "1n fact," he said, "the Soviet delega­ delegates, mostly Russian Orthodox Believers'Rights, seminary because of his membership in tion received a second shock when they the Latvian Christian Movement for priests from parishes throughout the visited their Moscow-affiliated Russian Northeastern . Rolands Silaraups: Rebirth and Renewal. Still today, be­ Orthodox Church the next day in lievers do not have the right to express "Picketing a church (the site of the Baltimore. There, too, they were met by 1n the beginning of this year, a change their religious views outside the walls of convocation) wasn't something we Ukrainian protesters, one of whom took place in the attitude of Soviet the church; any charitable church work wanted to do, but we had no choice,'* called out, *How was Scranton?' " said Dr. George Soltys, chairman of the authorities toward human-rights is also forbidden. National Millennium Committee's In Scranton, newsmedia turned out activists. The same, however, cannot be # 6. No freedom of press: Today in executive board. in force to cover the Ukrainian candle­ said of their attitude toward the idea of Latvia it is impossible to establish a free "It was clear to us that the Soviet light vigil at the Russian Orthodox human rights itself. press, independent of the government. Russians, through their American Church. Both daily newspapers and all The change was manifested in such a As a result, a11 the efforts of the affiliates, were going to make this three television stations sent reporters. way that many human-rights activists, openness and democratization convocation into a major media and One of the TV stations led off its 6 p.m. including myself, who were imprisoned campaign are channeled through the political event. We couldn't let that news show with a live feed from the vigil solely for their human-rights activities, government-controlled press. That happen," Dr. Soltys said. site. were released. Similarly, in Latvia which presently appears in the press is not free thought, but only a "letting off He said the potential for Russian PR The city's leading daily paper, The today, it is easier to express one's was enormous. "As early as July 3, opinions — opinions which are of steam," subject to government­ Scranton Tribune, wrote the next day: controlled and established limits. At convocation spokespersons misin­ "Protesters light candles and sing independent of those held by the formed the Scranton mayor and the authorities — without fear of this moment, the lack of press freedom hymns to demonstrate against the is especially well demonstrated through city's newsmedia that "Prince Vladimir Russian Orthodox Church's intention immediate arrest, as has been the case in imported Greek Orthodox priests into the past. However, the KGB continues ongoing press attacks on the members to celebrate the Millennium of and supporters of the group Helsinki 'Russia' for his conversion and the mass Ukrainian Christianity in Moscow. to collect information about these conversion of the *Russian' people to people so that, if there is a change in the 86. Not only is it impossible to protest They say Kiev, where Christianity was these attacks, it is also impossible to Christianity." accepted in Ukraine, is not Russia, political climate, they can be held The convocation was going to plan accountable. Otherwise, everything is publicly respond40 them. Articles although it has been annexed by an expressing opposing views are refused how the "Russian" Millennium is to be expansionist Soviet Union." the same as it was in the past. celebrated (throughout the United ...there have been no changes for the and the TV stations have turned down States), the mayor and the media were In the story, Dr. Soltys and Mr. better regarding human rights. 1n fact, offers for open discussions of the told. Futey noted that religion is just another such changes cannot even be expected issues. ... "But, instead of seeing stories about arm of repression in the Soviet Union. as long as the singlemost important themselves and their p1ans for a *Rus­ They said that the Russian Orthodox question concerning Latvia is not Tilt Madisson: sian' Millennium, convocation partici­ Church has no moral or historic rightI0 addressed - the question of self­ pants, including two bishops from Mos­ celebrate the Millennium in Moscow. determination. Beginning in June of On the 23rd of August, 1987, the offi­ cow and Bishop Filaret from Minsk, all During the week of September 20-26, I940, and continuing to this day. the cial Soviet version of history pertaining week saw and heard stories about the in addition to TV and radio stories, people of Latvia have been robbed of to Estonia collapsed upon itself. The de­ Ukrainian Millennium and how there were seven newspaper stories, their right to determine their own fate monstration in Tallinn on August 23, Moscow is stealing it," said Bohdan many of them long ones, about the and regulate their own internal and 1987,was an event of the first magnitude Futey, chairman of the subcommittee Ukrainian Millennium. These stories external affairs. Each and every Latvian in post-war Estonian history, in both that organized the candlelight vigil. flowed from separate, but coordinated suffers this lack of basic human rights the quantitative and qualitative sense. Mr. Futey said that the Ukrainian media campaigns. Paul Ewasko most heavily in the following ways: For the first time in 43 years of National Millennium Committee's totalitarian rule, a publicly planned handled the media campaign for the * 1. Russification: 1n Latvia^ the September 25 candlelight vigil came on mass demonstration dealing with the September 20 local commemoration, Latvian language is increasingly being the heels of the September 20 joint and Andnj Bilyk handled the media for key issues of the Estonian people's forced out of all spheres of life. This, destiny took place. This was nothing Millennium commemoration in the September 25 candlelight vigil. despite the fact that recently this painful Scranton by Orthodox and Catholic The effect of the Ukrainian actions less than the beginning of multi-dimen­ subject has been openly written about in sional, genuine, self-initiated social­ Ukrainians of northeastern Pennsyl­ was such that they caused the mayorof the newspapers. vania . (Continued on page 1S) political activity. (This is again an example of what 1 1t has become clear that despite the mentioned earlier — that on the surface much is said about major changes, but passage of nearly half a century, the TWG publishes Chomobyl bibliography in reality, nothing is changing.) Estonian people will not forget WASH1NGTON - The Washington individuals interested in the Chornobyl ^ 2. Massive Russian migration to injustice, violence and falsehoods. Group has published a new reference disaster and its impact will find this Latvia and special privileges for Forty-three years of actively distorting work titled "Chernobyl and 1ts After­ bibliography a useful guide to the immigrants: For example - native the truth has not succeeded in making a math: A Selected Bibliography" com­ current literature available in piiblic . Latvians cannot get apartments, single thinking person accept the Soviet piled by JurijDobczansky. and university libraries. regardless of how difficult their version of the post-war system in The bibliograi)hy features a wide The foreword consists of the full text personal circumstances. Russian Estonia.::..;'- . -:';':'^'rЛ"^^^/ range of регіошсаГ articles, books, of a speech by Dr.David R.Marples immigrants, on the other hand, can I would like to mention ai few events technical reports and records of Con­ delivered at the 1ntertaith Memorial obtain presented, it is cynically that are continuing in occupied Estonia0 gressional hearings which have Service for the Victims of Chornobyl obtain these new apartments in a few On September 1, JuriMikkbegarii it appeared since nhe April 26, I986, held in Washington on April 27. years' time. 1f this fact is presented, it is long-term hunger strike to pr6test both nuclear accident in Ukraine. Most of The dhbrnobyl bibliography is cynically described as *'Latvian the media smear campaign agaimt us the 115 citations are in English but other available for S3 from The Washington hospitality." and attempts by officials to justify the languages are also represented. Groupr P.O; Всіx 11248, Washington, * 3. The Latvian environmtot is Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. According Ukrainian comrnunity: ііЬшгіе5 and D,C, 7mm :. being ruthlessly exploited and des­ (СоііішмеД oii^pitge 4^ THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 25.1987 No.43 Kazaniwsky heads immigration tasl( force Baits, testimony... Vytautas Skuodis: ^ ^ (Continue//^^м42ма*лdЯ fro#VA*mM pagno e 3) ...Though some reforms are taking practices against immigrants, ethnic by Marianna Liss to press reports, on September 30, Mikk place in the Soviet Union in the name of communities, employers or farmers in­ demonstrated on Red Square in "perestroika," there is no evidence of CHICAGO - Leo Kazaniwskyj, 41, volved in the process. Moscow. He was seized by the police better conditions for believers. 1n a Ukrainian American attorney from Recently, Mr. Kazaniwskyj wrote to and a sign he was carrying torn to predominantly Roman Catholic Chicago, was recently named chairman the 1llinois Bar Association to ask the shreds. Lithuania, the Church is in a most of the Governor's Immigration Reform bar to set standards and establish fair Two well-known Estonians, Mart precarious situation, as never before. Task Force by lUinois Gov. James R. fees for immigration processing by Niklus and Enn Tarto, still languish in The policy on religion is still along tra­ Thompson. attorneys. Also the state attorney Perm Camp No. 36-1. Both have ditional lines that the Communist Party Since February of this year, when the general was informed by the task force received I0-year forced labor camp must keep combatting its influence. A Task Force was organized, Mr. Kaza­ of recent reports that unscrupulous sentences, plus five years' "internal" liberalization of restrictions on religion niwskyj has been the co-chairman of the lawyers or unqualified individuals take exile. Niklus was arrested for the second would probably be seen as ideological coordinating body. As of September 1, money from immigrants for processing time in 1980, Enn Tarto in I983. Both laxity. Thus the Soviet government is he succeeded Paul 0'Conner, who was legalization papers, often at inflated were among the 45 Baltic human~ and trying by all means to divide and demo­ appointed the deputy director for prices, without doing anything for the national-rights activists who, inspired ralize the Lithuanian Catholic Church marketing at the Illinois Department of client. by the Helsinki Accords, signed the from within. Commerce and Community Affairs, Everyone, though, is effected by the Baltic appeal in I979. KGB infiltration of the Church in as task force chairman. IRCA law. All applicants for a job, Lithuania is at an all-time high. Mr. Kazaniwskyj has been the gover­ despite the length of residence or 1n a lengthy letter to his mother this Despite legal guarantees, the state nor's special assistant for ethnic affairs citizenship status, must prove that they spring, Mart Niklus describes Perm makes it very hard for believers to wor­ and was responsible for the first, highly are in this country legally and can take a Camp 36-1 as the "focus of evil in the ship and to live without fear. Intrusive successful Governor's Captive Nations job. wor1d" - an area untouched by government supervision of the sole Banquet held July 23. The occasion was And the immigration law will effect "glasnost." theological seminary in Kaunas; not the only statersponsored celebration in the Ukrainian community, as well. Besides Mart Niklus and Enn Tarto, allowing enough religious literature to the nation. Because of the emergency immigration both of whose names have appeared in be printed; refusal to allow the opening This current appointment follows policies toward Polish citizens, ethnic appeals by Dr. Andrei Sakharov, nearly of new churches or the return of confis­ naturally from Mr. Kazaniwskyj's pro­ Ukrainians from Poland have migrated 30 other Estonians are known to be cated ones (except for Queen of Peace fessional experience and from growing to the U.S. Their situation is compli­ incarcerated in concentration camps or church in Klaipeda, which, TASS up in an immigrant family. cated by the prejudice they sometimes psychiatric facilities. These individuals, reports, will be returned in two years); Gov. Thompson characterized the face in Eastern Europe, and can be a ranging in age from 18 to 74, are being restricting the ro1e of priests with Chicago lawyer as someone who *'brings little more desperate. As Walter Szcze- punished for various kinds of "crimes" administrative fines; not allowing unique, personal insights to the imple­ blowsky, director of Ukrainian Social which are clearly political in nature - religious instruction of children -~ in mentation of the Immigration Reform Service Bureau of Chicago, reported, such as tearing down the flag of these and other ways, the state makes and Control Act of 1986." there may not be many, but there is a occupying Soviet forces, raising the the practice of religion difficult, and When asked how he felt about the steady stream of needy Ukrainians blue, black and white flag of free often impossible. ... appointment, Mr. Kazaniwskyj said, coming from Poland. Estonia, conflicts with Russian immi­ Now that the new directions in Soviet *'I'm tickled pink. I think my experience In his present position, the chairman grants, etc. policy allow us to discuss subjects that in America is exactly what this (legali­ of the task force is trying to help not previously were taboo, we need to zation) is all about. ...Through the in­ only Ukrainians but the entire ethnic In spite of the loss of about one­ reassess approaches to the natk)iiaU|ies stilling of my parents' values of hard community in Illinois get a fair and fourth of its l million population during question. For^^47 yfears, t^J ^^iet work and education, it doesn't matter compassionate hearing. Wor1d War И and the Soviet occupa­ government has portrayed itself as the what my name tnds in; the opportuni­ And his appointment comes at a time tion, the spirit jQf the Estonians has not legitimate government of the Baltic been ЬгокепГ "Guerrilla resistance, ties (afforded) in the U.S. are the when the ethnic community in Illinois is states, insisting that Estonia, Latvia and which was not stainped out until the greatest anywhere." increasingly recognized for its Lithuania willfully joined the USSR The job of the 19-agency task force is contributions in the political and 1950s, was the first logical expression of dissent. Even though everyone who has and that there is no basis for to access the impact of the Federal cultural life of the state. Such groups are independence. The Ba1ts maintain that Immigration Control and Reform Act becoming politically sophisticated, openly opposed or criticized the all­ encompassing falsehood and injustice their countries were illegally occupied in of 1986 (IRCA) upon Illinois resources observers say. 1940. It seems clear now that efforts at and agencies. In order to handle the "The ethnic community is no longer upon which the existing system is based has been repressed by the Soviet Soviet legitimacy have failed to stifle problems it must keep careful scrutiny. content to have proclamations read to widespread resentment of the Baltic As its chairman put it, "The feds will them. They want to be involved in the authorities, there is a constant stream of new people joining the resistance and peoples to the Soviet occupation. This fund a portion of the costs to state mainstream of American life," Mr. human-rights movement. The Estonian animosity was easily detected in the government; it will not pay for the entire Kazaniwskyj noted, "1t is important for people have not forgotten free Estonia. demonstrators, who chanted "freedom, ethnics to aspire to executive, legislative thing." Our best and bravest leaders freedom, freedom" during protests In addition, the Immigration Reform and bureaucratic positions." understand that the Estonian people which took place on August 23 in the Task Force has worked to reduce the When asked how a person can get can thrive only if their independence is capital cities of the Baltic states. possible disruptive aspects of such a involved in the political system, he restored. May I respectfully suggest that the massive legalization project. The co­ answered: "I recommend starting like I U.S. put forward cautious demands on ordinating group has used existing state did from the basics - working at the We are fully cognizant of the fact that nationality issues, at the very least in the agencies to address problems in ішр1е- precinct level. You must choose a party the future of the Estonian and other sphere of language and education? For menting IRCA. which reflects either your beliefs or your Baltic peoples depends upon public the Russians, demands for schooling "For instance," Mr. Kazaniwskyj ex­ community's. You work in the pre­ opinion in the free world as well as the and the expanded use of their language plained, "if a person needs to take a TB cincts for candidates. I ran Boris positions taken by the governments of are no problem. For the non-Russians, test before being processed for citizen­ Antonovych's campaign and I gave a the United States, Great Britain, West it's a different story. Those who have ship, he will then be directed to a publi- hand in State Sen. Walter Dudycz's Germany, and other Western put forward timid requests to cally funded state agency to get the (both men are from Chicago's Ukrai­ nations. The greatest achievement of rehabilitate some aspects of pre-revolu- test." nian community)." Soviet propaganda has been to tionary Lithuanian history and who And the task force casts its watchful He went on to emphasize that all perpetuate the myth of the Soviet have taken up the defense of the Lithua­ eye ou! for discriminatory or abusive ethnics should combine forces and work Union's omnipotence and its ability to nian language make little progress. In a for their common interests. act with impunity. ... sense, glasnost has again proved the old dictum about "national equality" in the USSR - yes, everyone is equal, but St BasH's Orphanage closed some are more equal than others. by Sister Jerome Roman children in foster homes rather than in Non-Russian advocates of national institutions. Also, circumstances in the rights are assumed to exist only in ~ The Order of community and family needs have emigre circles abroad, while those who Sisters of St. Basil the Great and the changed. Hence the enro1lment at St. dare to express ideas in defense of their Provincial Administration in Philadel­ Basil Home declined in the past number nationality in the USSR are safely phia, announced that as of September of years. It is now evident that an behind bars in the labor camps, where the operation of St. Basil Home on orphan home is not needed to serve the they represent the majority of political Lindley Avenue was suspended. purpose it did in its beginning years. prisoners. Their crime has been to talk When the care of orphans was under­ There were only three residents in 1986 or write about their heritage and taken as one of its major ministries by at St. Basil Home. history. the pioneering sisters who came to My colleagues, journalist and poet St. Basil Home still holds its state Gintautas lesmantas and the teacher Philadelphia in 1911,St. Basil Orphanage license, but operation of the home has was opened in 1913 with three applicants. Povilas Peceliunas, with whom 1 was been suspended as of September 1987. tried, are still in "internar exile, 1n time the institution on Seventh The next year will be a time of evalua­ and Parrish streets proved to be a very lesmantas wrote poems advocating a tion and resolution as to the future of right guaranteed by the Soviet Consti­ promising one, and the sisters cared for St. Basil Home. over І00 orphans. In 1954 the location tution - secession from the USSR, of St. Basil Home was transferred to its Donations for this cause can no whereas Peceliunas edited a magazine present location on Lindley Avenue. longer be accepted. However, those called Perspectives, . which carried 1n recent years both public, private who wish may offer their donations for articles cont6Шng the official Soviet and C^holic Social Service Ageticies the support of the other ministries of the line that Lithuania has no other choice Leo Kazaniwskyj have favored the placement of orphaned Basilian Order. but to remain part of the USSR. ... No.43 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 25.1987

Lemkovyna folklor1e ensemble presenfs gems of Ukrainian culfure

The duo of Iryna Hrych and Bohuslav Hybey sing the Lemko folk song "']VIу Dear."

a Hadzewycz Master of ceremonies Pavlo Stefanowski introduces a selection. To his left is Jar 0sIaw Tr0chan0wski9 Lemkovyna's director.

Jaroslaw Trochanowski performs on the violin. UNION, NJ. - Lemkovyna, the The final selection, the powerful unique Ukrainian folkloric ensemble anthem "1n the Lemko Land," seemed from Poland, performed here at the quite appropriate as these Ukrainians Wilkins Theater of Kean College on from Poland, who so obviously cherish October 13. and maintain their Ukrainian identity The concert was one in a series by preserving cultural gems of the performed by the troupe during its tour Lemkos, sang: "Today in the Carpa­ of Canada and the United States. In this thian Mountains the nation has country alone, Lemkovyna appeared at resurrected; its right will not die." 18 concerts during a hectic three weeks. The program was conducted and Directed by Jaroslaw Trochanowski, each selection was introduced by with Jaroslaw Polanski as artistic Lemkovyna's own master of ceremo­ consultant, the 45-member ensemble of nies, Pavlo Stefanowski. Some of the musicians of Lemkovyna. singers and musicians was brought to The Lemkovyna ensemble members by Henry Michalski of were all dressed in authentic costumes During its September-October tour Edison, Union and Clifton, N.J.; American Arts. from the Lemko region of Ukraine. The of North America, Lemkovyna Philadelphia; Syracuse, Rochester, The group's Canadian tour was musicians provided Lemko music performed concerts in Montreal; Buffalo, Yonkers, New York and sponsored by the Ukrainian Canadian played on stringed instruments ranging Oshawa, Hamilton and Toronto, Kerhonkson, N.Y.; and . Its final Committee, while the U.S. leg was from violins to a cello and bass, a so- Ontario; Warren, Mich.; Chicago; concert was in Hartford, Conn., on under the auspices of the Ukrainian pilka and tsymbaly. Parma, Ohio; Pittsburgh, Washington, Sunday, October 18. National Association. In Union, Lemkovyna opened its concert with '*Our Mountains,'' a Lemko folk song, and Woody Guthrie's 'This Land is Your Land," as a tribute to its host country. During the next two hours, the audience was treated40 a variety of Lemko songs, some humorous, some reflective, love songs as well as patriotic songs. Also on the program was "The Dnieper Roars," Taras Shevchenko's classic set to music by Danylo Kryzhanivsky, as well as a medley of Ukrainian folk songs. The group also performed a medley of Polish folk songs. A particularly moving selection, as seen by the audience's tearful reaction, was the recitation of the "The Dream" with the song "My Mountain" serving as the background. The poem was recited by Petro M-urianka- Trochanowski. . - Petro Murianka-Trochanowski recites "The Dream'' as the ensem|ble performs "My МоШІ^X ,: 'K ^L. :,^,c і THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1987 No. 43

Ql:rainian WeeI:IV faces and Places Capital to capital by Myron B. Kuropas The October 14 ABG News Special "Capital to Capital: Human Rights" was an exceptional example of both television and U.S.-Soviet exchanges. The second of a series of debates (the first covered the issue of mutual security) between members of the U.S. Congress and of the Supreme Soviet, it Soviet'American "pathfinders' was aired live and unedited in both the United States and the Soviet Union. Thus, it was the first time that a discussion on the topic of human rights had Among other things, my friend ran in peace. been shown live to millions of Soviet viewers - between 120 million and 150 the Moscow International Peace Mara­ "In short," they write, "while tradi­ million, according to figurescite d by Peter Jennings, the Washington host for thon in August. She was part of an tional diplomats serve as conduits the program. American contingent associated with between American and Soviet leaders, The special show was on the air for two hours as U.S. panelists, Sen. Daniel the so-called Hunger Project, a non­ citizens diplomats serve as conduits P. Moynihan of New York and Rep. Steny Hoyer of Maryland, and the profit group that my friend claims is between American and Soviet people. Soviet guests, Vadim 2^gladin of the Central Committee's International busily stamping out world hunger. Yet citizen diplomats affect both na­ Department and Ivan Paltev, editor-in-chief of Izvestia, along with Leonid tions' leaders as well. Sometimes they Zolotarevsky serving as host in Moscow, discussed emigration, divided A professional colleague of mine do this by working alongside the tradi­ families, freedom of religion, civil rights, the abuse of psychiatry, barriers to recently returned from the Soviet Union tional diplomats. More often, they communication between citizens of the two superpowers, media freedom, the excited about what she had experienced. affect the political context in which Helsinki Accords and glasnost. leaders operate by spreading informa­ Of course, critics of U.S.-Soviet exchanges will point out that the Soviets *'It was wonderful^ Myron," she exalted upon her return, "a fantastic tion and forming people-to-people had their chance to present the Soviet line on freedom of worship, freedom of relationships...Even the most diehard assembly and the *'perestroika" now under way in the USSR. But, we must journey." "We're going to Moscow to establish skeptic would have to concede that point out, we also heard their assertions challenged, and we heard tough some threshold exists at which Soviet questions being asked of the Soviets by a senator, congressmen and by Mr. a partnership with the Russians to end world hunger," she told me before she public opinion is translated into policy. Jennings, ABC anchorman. If everyone in the Soviet Union except left. "Is there anything you want me to But, what is even more important, Soviet citizens heard all this as well. for the Politburo and the Council of tell the government officials when I get They heard Rep. Hoyer, co-chairman of the Commission on Security and Ministers believed that the Soviet Cooperation in Europe (the Helsinki Commission) call the USSR the "chief there?" she asked innocently. Union should stop building nuclear violator of human rights"; they heard Sen. Moynihan say that the USSR is "a I didn4 know whether to laugh or cry. weapons, how long could the oligarchy hell for human rights." They also heard Rep. Gerald Solomon point out that "Sure," I replied. "Have them admit to hold out?" he knows of three Ukrainians who received sentences of 10 years' starving 7 million Ukrainians and then imprisonment and five years' exile for simply speaking out against the Soviet get them to promise to never again use There's more. "History suggests," government and the Communist Party. hunger as a political or military wea­ continue Warner and Shuman, "that a Soviet and American viewers also saw former Soviet political prisoners pon." choice does not have to be made between Yuri Orlov and Lev Timofeyev speaking about the changes now taking p1ace My colleague laughed nervously. "Oh working for Soviet human-rights and in the Soviet Union. Myron," she said. "That was a long time working for global sufvi\^alvDtiriftgth^ Perhaps what was most remarkable during the program - especially for ago, It's time to heal." Before I could tell era of detente, in the mid-I970s, restric­ Ukrainians who were tuned in — were Sen. Moynihan's repeated references her about the Soviet-backed regimes of tions on religious workship eased, to the clandestine Ukrainian Catholic Church in the context of the Millen­ Ethiopia and Camb0odia using famine as permission for foreign travel increased, nium of Christianity. (There were three separate references — not counting a weapon to subdue a recalcitrant dissidents faced somewhat less persecu­ the three attempts to make the first reference at the start of the broadcast population, she changed the subject. tion, and Jewish emigration figures sky- when technical difficulties with the translation were encountered.) Sen. "They loved us in Moscow," my co­ rockefed..." Moynihan never did get an answer to his simple question: "Can't you let the worker told me upon her return. "Old ladies hugged and kissed me when I Knowing that should bring comfort Ukrainian Catholic Church become a legal church?" But we the viewers saw to Ukrainian Catholic dissident Yosyp that — and took note. showed them my card." The card, written in both English and Russian, Terelia who was committed to a psy­ Therefore, "Capital to Capita1" was an educational experience for all con­ chiatric clinic in 1976. It should also cerned on both sides. Kudos to ABC News and to our able members of Con­ read: "Hi! I'm an American. 1 am for peace and against wor1d hunger." bring joy to Mykola Rudenko, a leading gress for making it such. member of the Ukrainian Helsinki "Did you ever meet anyone that was Monitoring Group in Kiev who was against peace and for wor1d hunger?" I arrested and sentenced to a long labor asked. camp term and exile in 1977. The 27 LETTER TO THE EDITOR My colleague was not amused. Later, other imprisoned Helsinki Group mem­ she told me how angry she was at our bers and countless other jailed Ukrai­ nian dissidents should also take "so­ is certainly an "external" and not government. "I feel cheated. I've been lied to by my leaders who have always lace" from the many benefits they Is it really "internal" exile. received during the 1970s. The terminology used by the Soviet painted the Russian people in negative regime reflects its ideology and political terms." internal exile? Although my co-worker probably Detente came to an end, the Cold ambitions. It coincides with its dream of War was "renewed" and Jewish emigra­ eventual fusion of all the nations of the doesn't know it, she is just one of a long Dear Editor: line of Americans who have been tion "s1owed to a trickle" when Ronald The article which appeared in your Soviet Empire into one nation whose Reagan came to the White House, language and culture could hardly be traveling to the USSR since the 1920s to paper on September 20 under the title, "build bridges of understanding." Warner and Shuman contend. That "Popovych freed from internal exile," anything else but Russian. The expres­ may be true. But it was also during sion "internal exile" reminds one of the raises the question of proper termino­ Paul Hollander chronicled this phe­ President Reagan's watch that the Russian song "Fear not Siberia, for logy when speaking of Ukrainians nomenon in a well-documented book USSR began to negotiate seriously to Siberia is also Russian land." This may titled "Political Pilgrims: Travels of reduce the arms race and two Ukrai­ forcibly displaced from Ukraine into be an appropriate stance for Russian other regions of the USSR. Is it justified Western Intellectuals to the Soviet nians dissidents, Danylo Shumuk and dissidence, but hardly for Ukrainian. As Union, China and Cuba." Yosyp Terelia, were allowed to emigrate to call the exile of Ms. Popovych, a a matter of fact, many Ukrainians Ukrainian by nationality and a resident "Selective perception, combined with to Canada. actively protested against the imposi­ projection, allows for the almost total of Ukraine, to the Russian city of tion of exile outside the Ukrainian SSR, Tomsk, an "internal" exile? neglect of what objective reality is," Mr. Warner and Shuman devote most of if only because it was a sentence to exile Hollander wrote in explaining why so the book to the lives and "bridge­ The answer can be either "yes" or to a foreign land. "no," depending on our frame of refe­ many well-meaning Americans return building" efforts of nine individuals rence. Had Ms. Popovych been sent from LVІV from the Soviet Union bursting with including such well-known personali­ to Odessa, or some other city If we take the whole Soviet Union as enthusiasm. ties as Armand Hammer, Norman or village within the borders of Ukraine, our basic unit, then the exile is "inter­ Cousins and the late Samantha Smith. then such an exile would have been Today such "pilgrims" are called nal." However, if we wish to identify "citizen diplomats" or "pathfinders." Readers who wish to become involved "internal"; as it was, she was sent into are urged to contact one of some 232 only with Ukraine as the object of our foreign exile. According to Carl Sagan, they are national aspirations, then exile to Tomsk "committed, imaginative, resourceful organizations (representing I,313 staff 1t behooves the Ukrainian diaspora members and 89 exchange projects) to scrutinize the terminology it applies people who did not despair at the state of the wor1d but thought10 do some­ who work with the Soviets on issues Correction to (and often borrows from) Soviet ranging from animals to youth. reality, lest it fall into the trap of thing about it, They found ways. They are unlocking the deadly embrace, and SUSTA, the Federation of Ukrainian unwittingly promoting ideological My colleague returned with copies of Student Organizations of America, concepts hostile to its own Ukrainian replacing it with something better." Moscow News and News from Ukraine notes that an address given in its recent interests. 1n a 1987 book titled "Citizen Diplo­ which she left in the faculty lounge. 1n Action Item was incorrect. The correct mats: Pathfinders in Soviet-American the latter, one found the usual article address for Raymond Benson, director Roman Serbyn Relations - And How You Can Join attacking OUN as a "pro-fascist, autho­ of a U.S.-Soviet student exchange pro­ professor of history Them,'* authoг