DOCSLIB.ORG

CNAP.BOOK Page 694 Monday, April 30, 2001 12:45 PM CNAP.BOOK Page 695 Monday, April 30, 2001 12:45 PM

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
CNAP.BOOK Page 694 Monday, April 30, 2001 12:45 PM CNAP.BOOK Page 695 Monday, April 30, 2001 12:45 PM CNAP.BOOK Page 694 Monday, April 30, 2001 12:45 PM CNAP.BOOK Page 695 Monday, April 30, 2001 12:45 PM I N D E X compatibility, 354 Symbols database structure, 351–352 DDNS, 353 _ (underscore character), in filenames, 375 domains, 351 forests, 351 multimaster replication, 353 Numerics replication, 353 security, 354 3DES, 450 servers, 353 5-4-3 rule, 140–141 trust relationships, 352 6bone, 590 Active Directory Users and Computers MMC 10BaseFL, 67 snap-in, 322 10BaseT active hubs, 58, 96, 214 5-4-3 rule, 140 active primary partition, 378 node capacity, 141 active topologies, 143 upgradability, 136 ring topology, 56 10Base2, 63–64, 132–133, 202 Token Ring, 68 10Base5, 62, 134–135 actual connection speed, 555 100BaseT, 65 adapters, 165 100BaseVG-AnyLAN, 66, 125–126 addgroup command (UNIX), 333 100BaseX, 137 addresses 802.3z specification, Gigabit Ethernet, 66 AppleTalk, 150 1000BaseT, 137–138 classes (IP), 232–239 logical, 93 translation, 182–185 A administration, server-based networks, 48 ADSL (Asymmetric DSL), 173–174 AARP (AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol), 53 Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking (APPN), 422 ABRs (area border routers), 301 Advanced Research Projects Agency network, 9, acceptable use policies, 458 267, 597 access control lists (ACLs), 312, 443–444, 464 AF_INET addressing, 248 Active Directory, 354 AF_UNIX, 248 access interfaces, ISDN, 172 affordability of Internet services, 592 access methods AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification CSMA/CD, 122–123 System), 458 demand priority, 125–126 after-hours connectivity, 478–479 token passing, 123–124 agents, SNMP, 88 access points, 207 AH (Authentication Header), 445, 518 accessibility of networks, 432 AI (artificial intelligence), 602 accessing User Manager for domains, 321 alerts, 558 account lockout, 499 algorithms, encryption, 448–449 acknowledgments, 245 amplifiers, 120 ACLs (access control lists), 312, 443–444, 464 amplitude, 110 acoustic couplers, 486 analog signaling, 80, 109 active detection, 461 amplifiers, 120 Active Directory, 50, 322, 350 comparing to digital, 111–112 CNAP.BOOK Page 696 Monday, April 30, 2001 12:45 PM 696 analog signaling multiplexing, 113–114 archive bits, 468 ANDing, 244–245 ARCnet (Attached Resource Computer Network), AnyLAN, demand priority, 125–126 68–69, 151–152 APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing), 239, 242 data transfer, 151 APIs (application programming interfaces), 362 packets, 153 Apple Macintosh, 401–402 RG-62 cabling, 204 AppleShareIP, 335 ARCnet Plus, 69 AppleTalk, 53, 68, 150 areas (OSPF), 301 addressing, 150 argon lasers, 209 data transfer, 151 arguments, text-based operating systems, 365–366 zones, 150, 401 ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), 255 AppleTalk Address Resolution Protocol (AARP), 53 ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency applets, 544 network), 9, 267, 597 appliances, user friendly, 593 artificial intelligence, 591 application programming interfaces (APIs), 362 Ask Jeeves, 282 application filtering, 462 assessing need for security, 432 application layer (OSI reference model), 88–89, management philosophy, 433 261, 274 threats, 434 Application Server mode (Microsoft Terminal external, 434 Services), 541–542 internal, 439–441 application servers, 42, 319 type of business, 432 application/process layer (DoD model), 97 type of data, 433 applications assigned permissions, Active Directory, 354 backward compatibility, 373 assigning boot managers, 372 IP addresses, IANA, 233 client/server, 310 permissions to individual accounts, 48 defragmenters, 373 asymmetric encryption, 451 file types, 367 asynchronous communication ports, 485 instant messaging, 291 asynchronous transmission, 115 multitasking, 381 ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode), 178 scripts, 332 Attached Resource Computer Network. See ARCnet shells, 363 attacks telephony, 292–293 brute force, 435 Trojan horses, 438 DDoS, 433 Web browsers, 278–279 DoS, 436 APPN (Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking), 422 ICMP floods, 436 architecture Ping of Death, 437 AppleTalk, 68 smurf attacks, 437 ARCnet, 68–69 SYN attacks, 438 combined topologies, 60 impersonation, 435 comparing, 154 IP spoofing, 438 data bus, 196–197 nuke, 436 Ethernet, 62 social engineering, 435 10Base2, 63–64 attenuation, 56, 67, 96, 112, 120, 133 10Base5, 62 attributes, 341–342 UTP, 64–67 audio conferencing, 292 Token Ring, 67–68 auditing, 460–461 CNAP.BOOK Page 697 Monday, April 30, 2001 12:45 PM bridges 697 AUI (attachment unit interface), 96, 196 baselining performance, 553–554 authentication, 451 battery mode (UPSs), 466 in biometrics, 458 BDCs (backup domain controllers), 321 Kerberos, 453–455 beaconing, 143 MS-CHAP, 483 bearer channels (ISDN), 172 mutual authentication, 483 Bellman’s equation, 298 passwords, 443–444 Berkeley Sockets, 248 remote access, 482–483 Berners-Lee, Tim, 279 smart cards, 455–456 best practices, 554 VPNs, 521 bin (UNIX), 330 authorization, VPNs, 521 binary automatic address allocation, 239–242 bits, 77 autonomous systems, 219 characters, 78 axis, 200 converting to decimal, 79, 236 converting to digital signals, 80 Bindery, 50, 326–327 B Novell NDS, 349 binding order, 414 backbone, 61, 268 Biometrics, 455–457 10Base5, 134 authentication, 458 commercial backbone, development, 268 BISDN (Broadband ISDN), 179 nodes, 268 bits, 77, 232 segments, 61 archive bits, 468 vBNS, 268–269 subnet masks, 242–244 backbone area (OSPF), 301 synchronization, 115 backing up data, 469 black boxes, 462 backslashes (\), 370 bloatware, 532 backward compatibility, operating systems, 373. Blowfish encryption, 516, 520 See also upgradability BNC connectors, 63, 132, 211–212 bands, HPFS, 376 Bohr, Neils, 592 bandwidth, 121 bonding, 484 aggregation, 483 books, electronic publishing, 600–601 channels, 112 boot manager programs, 372 measuring, 553 booting, 361 multilink, 484 BOOTP (Boot Protocol) protocol, 43, 537–538 on demand, 177 bootstrap code, PXE cards, 538 Banyan VINES (Virtual Integrated Network bootstrap loader, 375 Service), 334 bottlenecks, 552 Banyan VINES StreetTalk, 356 boundary layers, 99 BAP (Bandwidth Allocation Protocol), 484 branch offices, 478 barrel connectors, 211 connecting with VPNs, 515 base 2 numbering system, 78 BRI (Basic Rate Interface), 172, 483 base 10 numbering system, 76 bridges, 214–215 base 16 numbering system, 77–78 looping, 103, 217 baseband transmission, 112–113 nonroutable protocols, 216 source route, 216 CNAP.BOOK Page 698 Monday, April 30, 2001 12:45 PM 698 broadband broadband caching, proxy servers, 185 BISDN, 179 calculating CATV, 179–180 host per address class, 237 midsplit broadband configuration, 113 subnet masks, 243–244 broadcast addresses, 216, 230 callback security, 490, 497 broadcast storms, 219 CallNotes voice mail, 489 brouters, 220 capabilities of the Internet, 273–274 browse lists, 41, 386 capacity planning, 121 browsers (Web), 278–279 capture command (NetWare), 329 brute force attacks, 435 captured data, displaying, 559 b-tree (binary tree) capturing the printer port, 319 directory scheme, 373 carrier sense mulitple access collision detect, 62, indexing algorithms, 377 122–123 budetary factors in hybrid network case sensitivity implementation, 410 of operating systems, 364 burstiness, 181 passwords, 570 bus topology, 55–56 UNIX, 331, 375 bypassing operating system passwords, 443 catalog records, 377 bytes, 77–79 categorizing networks by administrative method, 38–49 by architecture, 62–69 C by NOS, 49–51 by physical scope, 33 cable modems, 493–494 LANs, 34 cable testers, 569 MANs, 35–36 cabling WANs, 37–38 ARCnet, 152 by protocol, 52–54 bandwidth, 121 by topology, 54–61 BNC connectors, 132 CATV, 179–180 cheapernet, 64 CDDI (Copper Distributed Data Interface), 149 coaxial, 200–202 cells (ATM), 178 impedence, 201 cellular technologies, 181 thicknet, 62 centralized computing, 308 thin coax, 201–202 server-based networks, 47 crossover cables, 136 WANs, 37 fiber-optic, 206–207 channels, 112 length specifications, 133 IDSN, 172 patch panels, 212–213 SPIDs, 165 plenum-grade, 200 CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication RG specifications, 64, 202 Protocol), MS-CHAP, 483 RJ-62, 204 character-based operating systems, 363 shielding, 119 characteristics thinnet, 202 of analog signaling, 109 Token Ring, 144–145 of digital signaling, 110–111 twisted-pair, 136, 204–205 of hybrid networks, 409–411 Type A connectors, 145 UTP, 64–67 CNAP.BOOK Page 699 Monday, April 30, 2001 12:45 PM command-line utilities, ping 699 of LANs, 34 NetWare, 328–329 of peer-to-peer networks, 44 remote access, configuring, 495–496 of server-based networks, 47 security, 48–49 characters, 78 shares, 40 chat rooms, 291 thin clients, 532–533 cheapernet, 64 advantages, 534 checkpointing, 90 BOOTP, 537–538 child objects, 344–345 cost, 534 Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act, 595 desktop computers, 540 chipping, 210 DHCP, 537–538 CIDR (classless interdomain routing), 238–239 handheld PCs, 541 CIFS (Common Internet File System), 422 hardware, 538–541 ciphers, 448 ICA, 536 CIR (committed information rate), 175 Net PCs, 540 circuit boards Network Computers, 539 data bus, 196–197 RDP, 536 jumpers, 162 RFB, 537 UART chips, 164, 486 security, 535 circuit filtering, 462 software, 541–542, 544–545 circuit switched networks, 6–7, 170 TFTP, 537–538 comparing to packet-switched, 8 WBTs, 539 DDS, 174 XDMCP, 536 DSL, 172 UNIX, 333 ISDN, 171–172 clouds, 176 leased lines, 174 cluster servers, 43 PSTN, 171 clustering technologies, 471 switched 56, 175–176 clusters, 43, 371–373 T-carriers, 174–175 CMIP (Common Management Information Citrix, 536 Protocol), 567 Winframe/MetaFrame, 542 coax cable, 22, 200–202 Class A
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1) What Is the Name of an Ethernet Cable That Contains Two
    1) What is the name of an Ethernet cable that contains two electrical conductors ? A coaxial cable 2) What are the names of the two common conditions that degrade the signals on c opper-based cables? Crosstal and attenuation 3) Which topology requires the use of terminators? Bus 4) Which of the following topologies is implemented only logically, not physical ly? Ring 5) How many wire pairs are actually used on a typical UTP Ethernet network? Two 6) What is the name of the process of building a frame around network layer info rmation? Data encapsulation 7) Which of the connectors on a network interface adapter transmits data in para llel? The System bus connector 8) Which two of the following hardware resources do network interface adapters a lways require? I/O port address and IRQ 9) What is the name of the process by which a network interface adapter determin es when it should transmit its data over the network? Media Access Control 10) Which bus type is preferred for a NIC that will be connected to a Fast Ether net network? PCI 11) A passive hub does not do which of the following? Transmit management information using SNMP 12) To connect two Ethernet hubs together, you must do which of the following? Connect the uplink port in one hub to a standard port on the other 13) Which term describes a port in a Token Ring MAU that is not part of the ring ? Intelligent 14) A hub that functions as a repeater inhibits the effect of____________? Attenuation 15) You can use which of the following to connect two Ethernet computers togethe r using UTP
    [Show full text]
  • PCI20EX PCI Express (Pcie)
    PCI20EX PCI Express (PCIe) Bus ARCNET® Network Interface Modules INSTALLATION GUIDE INTRODUCTION The PCI20EX series of ARCNET network interface modules (NIMs) links PCI Express (PCIe) bus compatible computers with the ARCNET local area network (LAN). Since most PC motherboards have migrated from the legacy PCI and PCI-X Bus, a PCI Express style NIM is required. The PCI20EX series is compliant to the PCI Express Card Electromechanical Specification Revision 2.0 and both standard height and low-profile brackets are provided. The PCI Express interface allows for jumperless configuration and Plug and Play operation. The module operates with either an NDIS driver or a null stack driver in a Windows® environment. The PCI20EX incorporates the COM20022 ARCNET controller chip with enhanced features over the earlier generation ARCNET chips. New features include command chaining, sequential access to internal RAM, duplicate node ID detection and variable data rates up to 10 Mbps. Bus contention problems are minimized since the module’s interrupt and I/O base address are assigned through Plug and Play. The PCI20EX exploits the new features of the COM20022 which includes 10 Mbps communications utilizing the various EIA-485 transceiver options. Each PCI20EX module has two LEDs on the board for monitoring network operation and bus access to the module. It is equipped with an 8 position, general purpose DIP switch typically used to assign the ARCNET node address. Ultimately, the node address is configured via software so the DIP switch can also indicate user-defined functions such as data rate, cable interface, or master/slave status of the system.
    [Show full text]
  • Computer Networking in Nuclear Medicine
    CONTINUING EDUCATION Computer Networking In Nuclear Medicine Michael K. O'Connor Department of Radiology, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota to the possibility of not only connecting computer systems Objective: The purpose of this article is to provide a com­ from different vendors, but also connecting these systems to prehensive description of computer networks and how they a standard PC, Macintosh and other workstations in a de­ can improve the efficiency of a nuclear medicine department. partment (I). It should also be possible to utilize many other Methods: This paper discusses various types of networks, network resources such as printers and plotters with the defines specific network terminology and discusses the im­ nuclear medicine computer systems. This article reviews the plementation of a computer network in a nuclear medicine technology of computer networking and describes the ad­ department. vantages and disadvantages of such a network currently in Results: A computer network can serve as a vital component of a nuclear medicine department, reducing the time ex­ use at Mayo Clinic. pended on menial tasks while allowing retrieval and transfer­ WHAT IS A NETWORK? ral of information. Conclusions: A computer network can revolutionize a stan­ A network is a way of connecting several computers to­ dard nuclear medicine department. However, the complexity gether so that they all have access to files, programs, printers and size of an individual department will determine if net­ and other services (collectively called resources). In com­ working will be cost-effective. puter jargon, such a collection of computers all located Key Words: Computer network, LAN, WAN, Ethernet, within a few thousand feet of each other is called a local area ARCnet, Token-Ring.
    [Show full text]
  • ARCNET E.Pdf
    ARCNETâ. The universal, realtime capable fieldbus solution Take the lead with ARCNET ! AUG - ARCNET user group e. V. AUG - ARCNET user group e. V. CONTENTS 1 ARCNET, the universal, realtime capable Fieldbus Solution ____3 2 History________________________________ _________________ 4 3 Characteristics of modern Fieldbusses _____________________ 4 3.1 Topology ____________________________________________________ 5 3.1.1 Bus __________________________________________________________ 5 3.1.2 Star __________________________________________________________ 5 3.1.3 Tree__________________________________________________________ 6 3.2 Bus Access Management _______________________________________ 7 3.3 Transmission Protocol__________________________________________ 8 3.4 Transmission Integrity __________________________________________ 8 3.5 Physical Interface _____________________________________________ 8 3.6 Implementations ______________________________________________ 9 4 ARCNET________________________________ _______________ 10 4.1 Topology ___________________________________________________ 10 4.2 Bus Access Management ______________________________________ 10 4.3 Protocol Components _________________________________________ 10 4.4 Network Access______________________________________________ 13 4.4.1 Passing on the Token____________________________________________ 13 4.4.2 Data Transfer _________________________________________________ 13 4.4.3 Broadcast Message_____________________________________________ 13 4.5 Configuration Mechanisms
    [Show full text]
  • Linux Networking-HOWTO
    Linux Networking−HOWTO: Linux Networking−HOWTO: Table of Contents Linux Networking−HOWTO:............................................................................................................................1 Author: Joshua Drake poet@linuxports.com...........................................................................................1 1.Introduction...........................................................................................................................................1 2.Document History.................................................................................................................................1 3.How to use this HOWTO......................................................................................................................1 4.General Information about Linux Networking.....................................................................................1 5.Generic Network Configuration Information.......................................................................................1 6.Ethernet Information.............................................................................................................................2 7.IP Related Information..........................................................................................................................2 8.Advanced Networking with Kernel 2.2................................................................................................2 9.Using common PC hardware................................................................................................................2
    [Show full text]
  • ARCNET Tutorial Presentation
    ARCNET Tutorial What is ARCNET? Attached Resource Computer NETwork Token-Passing Local Area Network (LAN) Originally 2.5 Mbps data rate 255 Nodes or Stations Variable Packet Length Bus or Distributed Star Wiring Unicast or Broadcast Messages One to one or one to all What is ARCNET? Coaxial, Fiber Optic, Twisted-pair Cabling Over 11 Million Installed Nodes Originally developed by Datapoint Corporation as an office network Chip sets available from SMSC ANSI/ATA 878.1-1999 Standard Ideally suited for an industrial network What are ARCNET’s Benefits? Broad Acceptance Large Installed Base Deterministic Performance Simple to Install Low Cost per Node Robust Design Multiple Cable Media Support Multi-master Communication Where is ARCNET Used? HVAC Motor Drives Power Generation Data Acquisition and Control Manufacturing Information Systems Office Automation Shipboard Automation Where is ARCNET Used? Printing Press Controls Telecommunications Gaming Machines Vehicular Navigation Security Systems Any application where real-time performance, high security and robust design is important. How Does ARCNET Work? Distributed Star topology requires the use of hubs NODE NODE NODE NODE HUB HUB HUB NODE NODE NODE NODE NODE How Does ARCNET Work? OSI Reference Model Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical ARCNET defines the bottom two layers of the OSI model ARCNET Protocol Only Five Simple Commands ITT - Invitation to transmit FBE - Free buffer enquiry PAC - Packet ACK - Acknowledgement
    [Show full text]
  • Local Area Network
    Local area network A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building.[1] By contrast, a wide area network (WAN) not only covers a larger geographic distance, but also generally involvesleased telecommunication circuits. Ethernet and Wi-Fi are the two most common technologies in use for local area networks. Historical technologies includeARCNET , Token ring, and AppleTalk. A conceptual diagram of a local area network. Contents History Cabling Wireless media Technical aspects See also References External links History The increasing demand and use of computers in universities and research labs in the late 1960s generated the need to provide high- speed interconnections between computer systems. A 1970 report from the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory detailing the growth of their "Octopus" network gave a good indication of the situation.[2][3] A number of experimental and early commercial LAN technologies were developed in the 1970s. Cambridge Ring was developed at Cambridge University starting in 1974.[4] Ethernet was developed at Xerox PARC between 1973 and 1974.[5][6] ARCNET was developed by Datapoint Corporation in 1976 and announced in 1977.[7] It had the first commercial installation in December 1977 at Chase Manhattan Bank in New York.[8] The development and proliferation of personal computers using the CP/M operating system in the late 1970s, and later DOS-based systems starting in 1981, meant that many sites grew to dozens or even hundreds of computers. The initial driving force for networking was generally to share storage and printers, which were both expensive at the time.
    [Show full text]
  • Oems…Still Building with ARCNET by Joanne Harris and Steve Mack
    OEMs…Still building with ARCNET By Joanne Harris and Steve Mack The choice of communications solutions boils down to one Smart Trac has an expansion port that is PC/104-compliant to factor: meeting the customer’s needs and expectations. As one allow for several communication option boards (such as of the original networks with over 20 years of field use, ARCNET) or for expanded I/O. In summary, the functions of ARCNET continues to be a popular choice for many OEMs. the board include: ■ execution of the user’s program MagneTek Drives and Systems Division in New Berlin, ■ communication with the motor drive inverter control board Wisconsin, for instance, has embedded ARCNET PC/104 cards ■ communication to users via an IBM PC compatible computer from Contemporary Controls (Downers Grove, Illinois) into or hand held terminal the soon-to-be-released Smart Trac motor drive family (see ■ accommodations for PC/104 option board(s) Figure 1). “The whole reason we went with PC/104 is because we can buy a board from multiple vendors,” explained Steve Mack, Man- ager of Circuit Design and Software Development at MagneTek. “We could make them ourselves, but it would take longer and we would incur a development expense. We can just concentrate on the software, which will allow us to bring new features to market sooner.” Motor drive with Smart Trac The list of features made possible with the Smart Trac drive fam- ily include: ■ programmable using the programming languages specified in IEC-1131-3 ■ isolated RS232 serial port for PC communication ■ RS232
    [Show full text]
  • ARCNET Tutorial
    ARCNET Tutorial 1 w w w. c c o n t r o l s. c o m ARCNET®—Embedded Network, Industrial LAN or Fieldbus? ARCNET was originally classified as a local area network or LAN. A LAN is defined as a group of nodes that communicate to one another over a geographically-limited area usually within one building or within a campus of buildings. That was the intent of ARCNET when it was originally introduced as an office automation LAN by Datapoint Corporation in the late 1970s. Datapoint envisioned a network with distributed computing power operating as one larger computer. This system was referred to as ARC (attached resource computer) and the network, that connected these resources, was called ARCNET. ARCNET’s use as an office automation network has diminished; however, ARCNET continues to find success in the industrial automation industry because its performance characteristics are well suited for control. ARCNET has proven itself to be very robust. ARCNET also is fast, provides deterministic performance and can span long distances making it a suitable fieldbus technology. The term fieldbus is used in the industrial automation industry to signify a network consisting of computers, controllers and devices mounted in the “field”. ARCNET is an ideal fieldbus. Unlike office automation networks, a fieldbus must deliver messages in a time predictable fashion. ARCNET’s token-passing protocol provides this timeliness. Fieldbus messages are generally short. ARCNET packet lengths are variable from 0 to 507 bytes with little overhead and, coupled with ARCNET’s high data rate, typically 2.5 Mbps, yields quick responsiveness to short messages.
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Internet Architecture, Technology & Philosophy
    2/23/15 AIS 2015 1 Modern Internet architecture, technology & philosophy Advanced Internet Services Dept. of Computer Science Columbia University Henning Schulzrinne Spring 2015 02/23/2015 2/23/15 AIS 2015 NETWORK EVOLUTION & RESEARCH 2 2/23/15 AIS 2015 3 Networking is getting into middle years idea current IP 1969, 1980? 1981(RFC 791) TCP 1974 (RFC 675) 1981(RFC 793) telnet 1969 (RFC15) 1983 (RFC 854) ftp 1971 (RFC 114) 1985 (RFC 959) 2/23/15 AIS 2015 4 Internet/broadband: one of the fastest applications ever introduced Television 1926 Electricity 100% 1873 Telephone Broadband Radio 1876 1905 80 Access VCR 1995 1952 Automobile 1886 60 (US) 40 % of Households 20 Internet 1975 Years since introduction 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 2005 = 30% broadband / 2010 = 70% broadband estimate Source: Michael Fox and Forbes Magazine, Morgan Stanley 2/23/15 AIS 2015 5 USExploring broadband the Digital Nation: Embracing adoption the Mobile Internet Figure 1: Overview of Household Adoption Rates by Technology, Percent of U.S. Households, 1997-2012 79 77* 76** 75 Computer 71 72 62 69 72 68 69 56 64 51 62 Internet 55 42 50 51 37 41 Broadband 26 19 20 4 9 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 NTIA 2014 * Includes handheld devices such as smartphones and tablets (2010 only). ** Includes tablets but not smartphones (2011-2012). The use of mobile devices continued to increase in 2012. Eighty-eight percent of Americans ages 25 and older reported using mobile phones in October 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Fiber Optic "Cable" Coaxial Cable Types Twisted Pair
    1 Local Area Network A local-area network is a computer network covering a small geographic area, like a home, office, or group of buildings e.g. a school. The defining characteristics of LANs, in contrast to wide-area networks (WANs), include their much higher data-transfer rates, smaller geographic range Metropolitan Area Network Metropolitan area networks, or MANs, are large computer networks usually spanning a city. Metropolitan area networks can span up to 50km, devices used are modem and wire/cable They typically use Optical fiber connections to link their sites. A MAN is optimized for a larger geographical area than a LAN. Wide Area Network Wide Area Network (WAN) is a computer network that covers a broad area (i.e., any network whose communications links cross metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries Channel A Channel can take many forms, including ones suitable for storage which can communicate a message over time as well as space. A connection between initiating and terminating nodes of a circuit. A single path provided by a transmission medium via either physical separation, such as by multi pair cable. Types of Channel Fiber optic "cable" Coaxial Cable Types Twisted Pair Fiber optic "cable" ● SPEED: Fiber optic networks operate at high speeds - up into the gigabits • BANDWIDTH: large carrying capacity • DISTANCE: Signals can be transmitted further without needing to be "refreshed" or strengthened. 2 • RESISTANCE: Greater resistance to electromagnetic noise such as radios, motors or other nearby cables. • MAINTENANCE: Fiber optic cables costs much less to maintain. Coaxial Cable Types Coaxial cable, or coax, is a cable consisting of an inner conductor, surrounded by a tubular insulating layer typically made from a flexible material, all of which is then surrounded by another conductive layer and then finally covered again with a thin insulating layer on the outside.
    [Show full text]
  • N1 Ethernet/IP Network Technical Bulletin
    Metasys Network Technical Manual 636 Network Communications Section Technical Bulletin Issue Date 0401 N1 Ethernet/IP Network Introduction Page 5 • Introduction to the Metasys N1 LAN 5 • Introduction to Ethernet 5 • N1 Ethernet/IP Theory of Operation 6 • Definition of Terms 7 • Additional Sources for Information 9 Designing the Network 11 • General 11 • System Performance Requirements 12 • Media 15 • Components *17 • Configuration 22 • Manageability and Maintainability 24 • Limitations 27 • Specifications 29 Planning and Estimating an Installation 31 • Protocol Standards and Compatibility 31 • Environment and Power 31 • System Expansion 31 • Cabling Guidelines *32 *Indicates those sections where changes have occurred since the last printing. © 2001 Johnson Controls, Inc. 1 Code No. LIT-6360175 www.johnsoncontrols.com Setting Up the N1 Ethernet/IP Network Page 37 • General 37 • Before You Start 37 • Installing the Ethernet Adapter Card 40 • Installing Hubs and Repeaters 41 • Testing Cable 41 • Laying Cable 43 • Installing the Connectors 43 • Wiring Details 43 • Verifying the N1 LAN Installation 50 Setting Up the Metasys Network on Ethernet 51 • Obtaining the IP, Subnet Mask, and UDP Port Addresses *52 • Hardware Requirements *53 • Configuring Ethernet Adapter Cards for the NCMs 53 • Configuring the OWS 54 • Moving ARCNET Nodes to an Ethernet Connection or Changing Gate/Node Addresses of Existing Metasys Nodes 62 • Changing a Single Metasys Node IP Address 64 • Changing the IP Address of Multiple Metasys Nodes 66 • Installing the Hardware at the NCM 67 • Configuring the NCMs 68 • Configuring Multiple N1 Networks 73 • Example 1: Reconfiguring a Single Ethernet N1 as Two or More Individual Networks 77 • Example 2: Configuring Separate Networks as Multinetworks 80 *Indicates those sections where changes have occurred since the last printing.
    [Show full text]