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Multidisciplinary Research 2016 Multidisciplinary Research 2016 Colombo, Sri Lanka 02-03 February 2016 2016 Unique Conferences Canada Publication Toronto, Canada Published by Unique Conferences Canada Unique Conferences Canada Suite 2201, 50 Young Street, Toronto ON, M5B 2L7 Canada [email protected] http:// www.uniqueca.com ISBN 978-0-9939889-8-1 @UCC April 2016 All rights reserved. Multidisciplinary Research 2016 (ISBN 978-0-9939889-8-1) Multidisciplinary Research 2016 ORGANIZERS Unique Conferences Canada (UCC) International Center for Research & Development (ICRD) Conference Convener Prabhath Patabendi (Canada) International Scientific Committee Prof. Dr. N.S. Cooray (Japan) Prof. Cher Weixia Chen ( USA) Prof. Risa Morimoto ( United Kingdom) Prof. Dr. Toshiichi Endo ( Hong Kong) Prof. Dr.Mally Shechory-Bitton (Isreal) Prof. Tennyson Samraj ( Canada) Dr. Lakshman Jayaratna (Sri Lanka) Dr. Andrew Kos ( Switzerland) Dr. Cristeta Dulos (Philippines) Dr. Lesley Ljungdahl ( Australia) Prof. Dr. Zerrin SAVAŞAN (Turkey) 3 Multidisciplinary Research 2016 (ISBN 978-0-9939889-8-1) Unique Conferences Canada DISCLAIMER: All views expressed in these proceedings are those of the authors AND THERRFORE THE AUTHORS HOLD RESPONSIBLE FOR THE VIEWS CONTAINED IN THIS PUBLICATION and THE PUBLISHERS do not necessarily represent the views of, and should not be attributed to, the International Center for Research & Development and Unique Conferences Canada. The publishers do not warrant that the information in this publication is free from errors or omissions. The publishers do not accept any form of liability, be it contractual, tortuous, or otherwise, for the contents of this publication for any consequences arising from its use or any reliance place on it. The information, opinions and advice contained in this publication may not relate to, be relevant to, a reader’s particular interest. Portions of this publication are copyrighted. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act, the copyrighted parts may not be copied or reproduced by any process, electronic or otherwise, without the specific written permission of the copyright owners. Neither may information be stored electronically in any form whatsoever without such permission. Unique Conferences Canada Email: [email protected] Web: http:// www.uniqueca.com 4 Multidisciplinary Research 2016 (ISBN 978-0-9939889-8-1) Table of Contents Page Titles Publishing Authors No. PAPERS Conceptualising Global Cities: Analysing the Role of Global Oindrila 1 8 Cities in International Affairs DATTAGUPTA Reformation and Protection of Juvenile – Multidimensional 2 Abhishek Subarno 13 Analysis A Proposed Study of Algebraic Content and Pedagogical Mariyam Shahuneeza 3 18 Knowledge of Sixth Grade Mathematics Teachers Naseer Between Arrival and Departure: Narrating boundaries and 4 Ranjana Das Sarkhel 25 Experiences from Transit Spaces Use of mobile phone for agricultural knowledge 5 mobilization: Exploring the case of “subsistence farmers in Chandana Jayathilake 31 the bottom-of-the-pyramid” in Batticaloa, Sri Lanka A CFD Approach for Determination of Electric Field 6 N. Yagnesh Sharma 38 Variables for Metal Arc Welding Process Numerical Analysis of Solar Air Heater with Notched Rib 7 Manjunath M.S 45 Turbulatorsfor Heat Transfer Enhancement Numerical Analysis of a Solar Air Heater with Deflector 8 K. Vasudeva Karanth 52 Plate for Heat Transfer Enhancement System Dynamics Simulation of Overall Equipment 9 Efficiency with Equipment Defects, Process Quality and Shiva Prasad H.C. 59 Throughput Performance Enhancement of Refrigerator with De- 10 Koravadi Jagannath 67 Superheater Hayavadana: A woman’s deft freedom or a suffocating Vedant SHARMA ; 11 74 plight? Shivani SHAH UNIVERSAL UNDERTRIAL ADULT FRANCHISE: An Yashowardhan S.N.V 12 approach to carve out the rights crisis in democratic set up Dixit ; Vanshaj J 80 though Indian Illustration and European inspiration Mehta Performance and Emission Characteristics of a DI Diesel Fakrudin Ali Ahamed 13 Engine running on Diesel – WCME (Waste Cooking Methyl ; 87 Ester) blends with Nanoadditives Sheik Mohammed Ali 14 Ramifications of Religion Vaishnavi MENON 94 Investigation the Agressiveness Levels of Outdoor and 15 Fikret Soyer 102 Indoor Sport Field Supporters Teachers’ perceptions of the New Science Curriculum 16 Aminath Shiyama 109 Implementation in the Maldives: One School’s study Stepping Towards the Advancement of Sentencing 17 Yasoda Wijeratna 116 Guidelines in Sri Lanka Study of the Process Parameters on Build Time in Fused 18 Kini Achutha U. 121 Deposition Modeling using Taguchi Method 5 Multidisciplinary Research 2016 (ISBN 978-0-9939889-8-1) Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Double Pipe Heat 19 Shiva Kumar 128 Exchanger by Using Nanofluids 20 Game Theory in the Context of Globalization Tem Okolocha Alabi 135 Mediating Role of Engagement between Total Rewards and 21 Job Satisfaction among Employees of Indian Public Sector Piyali Ghosh 142 Banks Aging & Mechanical Characteristics of Precipitation 22 S.S. Sharma 149 Hardening Stircast Al6061 Hybrid Composites Investigating gender differences in secondary mathematics 23 Waseema Fikuree 157 students’ achievement in the Maldives ABSTRACTS Effect of Notched Trapezoidal Rib Turbulators on Heat 24 Madhwesh N 164 Transfer and Friction in a Solar Air Heater-A CFD Study Biomedical dilemmas among medical students in Iwona 25 164 PNG:Mixed method study KOLODZIEJCZYK Examining the Significance of Implementing CLIL in the 26 Undergraduate Programmes of the State Universities in Sri B.H.I. Madhusankha 165 Lanka Influence of Cerium oxide Nanoparticles as additive with 27 Diesterol blend : Combustion, Engine Performance and Shaafi T. 165 Emissions Mythologized Ideal Heteronormative Family of India and 28 Vinita Singh Chhetri 166 Indonesia: Patriarchies, Gender Subordination and Law Gendering Sustainable Development: India’s Experiments 29 Saksham Singh 166 with Green Technologies A New Look at the Acquisition of Private Lands in Sri 30 Lihini M. DE Silva 167 Lanka Spheroidizing and Hardness related Properties of AISI 6150 31 S.R. Harisha 167 Spring Steel Jonnakuty Prakasa 32 Hypotonic Hemolysis: Effect of Temperature 168 Rao Analysis the Issue of Rising Child Abuse in Polonnaruwa Suvimali 33 168 District Warnathunga 34 Psychological distress in cancer patients Eranthi Weeratunga 169 Lexicon Based Improvement of Sinhala Optical Character 35 Dineesha Ediriweera 169 Recognition 36 NOx Prediction in a Dual fuel CI Engine Krishna Murthy 170 Imtiaz Ahmed 37 Role of Chemistry in Nuclear Medicine Abbasi 170 Cultural Political Economy of Accounting: A Review of Chathurani 38 171 Literature with reference to Less Developed Countries Rathnayake M.K.Geethani 39 Sri Lanka needs more women Representation in Politics 171 Jeewanthi 6 Multidisciplinary Research 2016 (ISBN 978-0-9939889-8-1) PAPERS 7 Multidisciplinary Research 2016 (ISBN 978-0-9939889-8-1) Conceptualising Global Cities: Analysing the Role of Global Cities in International Affairs Oindrila DATTAGUPTA Centre for International Politics, Organisation, Diplomacy and Disarmament (CIPOD) in the School of International Studies(SIS) at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. Abstract International relations (IR) as a discipline is state centric, but in the era of globalization cities have become significant. The rise of global cities as key nodes or command points of power have become fulcrum of political-economic activities, playing an important role in global economy, information industry, global governance thereby becoming an important economic, political and social entity, poses a challenge to the conventional state centric international system. It enables us to revisit the process of destabilization, de-nationalisation, de-territorialisation in age of globalization reincarnating the role and position of cities in international system and market society. The core research agenda delves into vital issues of the emergence of global cities in transforming the logic of international system and the role they play in global political order. The key concern is that no single definition of global cities can be formulated, since have evolved over time and have taken new shape and functions. The global cities are culturally, politically and economically are open ended as a concept which has given new dimension to international politics. The paper aims to theoretically analyse the origins of global cities, linkages with globalisation and its role in multi-scalar political order, engaging in new governance role at national and international level bringing about a shift in global political order and international political dynamics. Keywords: global cities, international politics, globalisation. Introduction: Cities as a topic of research have failed to gain the required attention in field of international politics. International relation as a discipline is state centric, but in the era of globalisation, the analyses of cities have become significant. The rise of global cities poses a challenge to the conventional state centric international system. It enables us to revisit the process of destabilisation, de-nationalisation, de-territorialisation in age of globalisation. The phenomenon of globalisation has reincarnated the role and position of cities in international system. The process of contemporary globalisation has revived the interest in study of cities and their changing relations with states (Alderson, 2004). Cities are now treated as the key nodes or command points of power (Sassen, 2002). Global city can be considered
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