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Anatomy of Middle Devonian Faunal Turnover in Eastern North America: Implications for Global Bioevents at the Eifelian-Givetian Stage Boundary
A dissertation submitted to the
Graduate School University of Cincinnati
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Geology McMicken College of Arts and Sciences
November 2010
By
Michael K. DeSantis
B.A., Boston University, 1992 M.S., University of Idaho, 1996
Committee Chair: Carlton E. Brett, Ph.D.
ABSTRACT
The late Eifelian-earliest Givetian interval (Middle Devonian) represents a time of significant faunal turnover both in the eastern North America and globally, herein termed the Late Eifelian
Biocrisis. A synthesis of biostratigraphic, K-bentonite, and sequence stratigraphic data, indicates that physical and biotic events in the Appalachian foreland basin sections in New York are coeval with the predominantly carbonate platform sections of the adjacent midcontinent. The succession includes portions of three distinctive benthic faunas or ecological-evolutionary sub- units (EESUs): ‘Onondaga’, ‘lower Marcellus’, and ‘Hamilton’. In the northern Appalachian
Basin in New York the boundaries of these bioevents show evidence of abrupt, widespread extinctions/extirpations, immigration and ecological restructuring. Regional analysis of faunas shows that EESUs comparable to the northern Appalachian Basin succession are recognizable within the coeval carbonate ramp and platform strata of central Ohio and southeastern Indiana, as well as in the Michigan Basin. However, faunas of the Wabash Platform area of central Ohio and southeastern Indiana show slightly higher persistence compared to those of the Appalachian
Basin, indicating that the Wabash Platform served as a refuge for species extirpated from the
Appalachian Basin by environmental changes brought on by tectonic and eustatic deepening.
This interval can be subdivided into three discrete bioevents, with the last being the widely recognized Ka ák Event in the ensensis conodont Zone near the Eifelian-Givetian stage boundary. The earlier bioevents, within the australis to eiflius Zones, are defined by striking faunal changes in the Appalachian Basin and coeval formations in adjacent areas of eastern
North America. The Bakoven Event (australis conodont Zone), is marked by a significant reduction in faunal diversity in the uppermost Onondaga Limestone and overlying Bakoven
Black Shale that is associated with eustatic/tectonic deepening and widespread hypoxia. The
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Stony Hollow Event (kockelianus-eiflius Zone) is marked by an incursion of tropical Old World
Realm Cordilleran Province taxa, including distinctive atrypid brachiopods, corals, and bivalves, into the subtropical to temperate shelf region of eastern North America. The Stony Hollow bioevent appears to be associated with altered current patterns and/or climatic regime during the kockelianus-eiflius Zone interval.
Approximately coeval formations in Europe and Morocco show the probable signatures of these events, indicating that the Bakoven and/or Stony Hollow may be global-scale events. In particular, the late Eifelian successions in the Eifel and Rhenish Schiefergebirge areas of
Germany, and in the Cantabrian Mountains of Spain show evidence for faunal turnover during the interval of the australis-kockelianus Zones. Both the Bakoven and Stony Hollow and the terminal Ka ák events appear to be associated with changes in climatic gradients and major disturbances in the global carbon cycle.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Many, many people helped in various ways, shapes and forms with this project. I would particularly like to thank my advisor Dr. Carl Brett; who is the reason I moved to the mid-west in the first place, and who has been a mentor and friend throughout this long process. I would also like to express my appreciation to the other members of my committee: Dr. Warren Huff, Dr.
Tom Algeo, Dr. Dave Meyer, and Dr. Arnold Miller, and my outside committee member Dr.
Charles Ver Straeten at the New York State Museum for their support.
Thanks also to fellow UC Geology graduate students, especially Alex Bartholomew, Pat
McLaughlin, and Sean Cornell for help with field and lab work, discussion of aspects of this study and geology in general. Thanks also to Rick Bullard for showing me some of the local color (in addition to geology) of SE Ohio/N. Kentucky; particularly the fun times out on the sporting clays course, as well as shooting trap and sighting in rifles down at “Ed’s field”. Keep your powder dry, amigo!
For contributions to fieldwork, laboratory analyses, and various other aspects of this project
I’d like to thank, in no particular order: Dr. P. Bultynck for revisiting and confirming identifications of conodonts from the base of the Rogers City Formation. Dr. R.T. Becker for providing additional litho- and biostratigraphic details of the Hassi Mouf section in Morocco.
Dr. D. J. Over for processing and identifying conodonts from samples collected from several central Ohio localities. Dr. George Shaw, who answered my numerous questions regarding his method for analyzing apatites and generously provided me with some of his apatite calibration standard. The staff at the Microscopic Analysis Research Center at Ohio State University (John
Olesik, Anthony Lutton, Lisa Fay) for helping to adapt Dr. Shaw’s analysis method, and teaching me how to 'drive' the ICP-MS. The staff of the Ohio Geological Survey’s Horace R. Collins
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Laboratory (Ron Rhea and Greg Schumacher) and of the Ontario Oil, Gas and Salt Resources
Library for access to drill cores. The many quarry operators and property owners who allowed access onto their land – in particular John Chester, Jr. and family, of Columbus, OH who always greeted us cheerfully, even when we showed up unexpectedly with a large group of students.
Last, but by no means least, I thank my parents, Mark and Gail DeSantis for your unflagging support of all my endeavours throughout the years. You gave me the freedom to steer my own course through life, while providing just the right amount of advice and guidance.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ...... 1
CHAPTER 1: Persistent Depositional Sequences and Bioevents in the Eifelian (early Middle Devonian) of eastern Laurentia: North American evidence of the Ka ák Events? ...... 5 Abstract...... 5 1.1 Introduction...... 6 1.2. Study Approach ...... 8 1.2.1. Study area ...... 8 1.2.2. Units examined...... 9 1.3. Biostratigraphy...... 9 1.3.1. Conodont biostratigraphy...... 11 1.3.1.1. costatus Zone ...... 11 1.3.1.2. australis Zone...... 12 1.3.1.3. kockelianus / eiflius Zones ...... 14 1.3.1.4. ensensis / hemiansatus Zones...... 15 1.3.2. Ammonoid biostratigraphy ...... 16 1.3.3. Dacryoconarid biostratigraphy ...... 18 1.4. K-Bentonite Event Stratigraphy...... 19 1.5. Regional Stratigraphy ...... 20 1.5.1. New York...... 20 1.5.2. Ontario, Canada ...... 26 1.5.2.1. Niagara Peninsula-Selkirk Area...... 27 1.5.2.2. London-Sarnia Area...... 28 1.5.3. Ohio...... 31 1.5.3.1. Columbus/Delaware ...... 33 1.5.3.2. Bloomville ...... 38 1.5.3.3. Sandusky ...... 39 1.6. Sequence Stratigraphy ...... 42 1.7. Faunal Comparisons...... 45 1.8. Correlation with the Ka ák Events ...... 49
CHAPTER 2: Reassessment of Middle Devonian Tioga K-bentonite correlations between the Appalachian Basin and the Mid-continent: new insights from apatite trace element fingerprinting ...... 52 Abstract...... 52 2.1. Introduction...... 53 2.2. Tioga K-Bentonite Stratigraphy...... 53 2.3. Fingerprinting ...... 56 2.4. Methods...... 59 2.4.1. Sample Collection ...... 59 2.4.2. Sample Processing...... 60 2.4.3. Analytical Method...... 60 2.4.4. Data Treatment ...... 62 2.5. Results and Discussion ...... 64
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2.5.1. Comparison of Appalachian Basin Tioga B and F samples...... 64 2.5.2. Evidence for Multiple Eruptive Events ...... 66 2.5.3. Evaluation of Midcontinent K-bentonites ...... 68 2.5.3.1. Slate Run ...... 69 2.5.3.2. Woodburn Quarry...... 69 2.6. Summary...... 74
CHAPTER 3: Late Eifielian Biocrisis, Part I: Examination of patterns of biotic turnover in the Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform region, eastern Laurentia...... 75 Abstract...... 75 3.1. Introduction...... 76 3.2. Regional geologic setting...... 79 3.3. Methods...... 81 3.4. Results...... 84 3.4.1. Appalachian Basin – Wabash Platform comparison...... 84 3.4.1.1 Onondaga EESU...... 84 3.4.1.2. lower Marcellus (Stony Hollow) EESU ...... 91 3.4.1.3. Hamilton EESU...... 104 3.4.2. Michigan Basin ...... 110 3.5. Regional perspectives on Middle Devonian EESUs...... 114 3.5.1. Recognition of regional EESUs ...... 114 3.5.2. Distribution of OWR Cordilleran incursion fauna ...... 116 3.5.3. Integration of OWR Rhenish Bohemian taxa...... 119 3.6. Summary...... 120
CHAPTER 4: Late Eifelian (Middle Devonian) Biocrises, Part II: Timing and signature of the pre-Ka ák Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events in eastern North America ...... 122 Abstract...... 122 4.1. Introduction...... 123 4.2. Ka ák Event...... 124 4.3. Regional geologic setting...... 128 4.4. Faunal turnover patterns: eastern North America...... 129 4.4.1. Appalachian Basin...... 131 4.4.1.1. Bakoven Shale...... 131 4.4.1.2. Stony Hollow-Hurley-Cherry Valley...... 134 4.4.2. Wabash Platform (Ohio, SE Indiana)...... 137 4.4.2.1. Dublin ...... 137 4.4.2.2. Lewis Center ...... 138 4.4.3. Michigan Basin ...... 141 4.4.3.1 Dundee Formation...... 141 4.4.3.2 Rogers City Formation ...... 143 4.4.4. ENA Midcontinent...... 146 4.4.4.1. Iowa Basin ...... 146 4.4.4.2. SE Wisconsin...... 149 4.4.4.3. Northern Indiana ...... 149 4.4.5. Summary ...... 149
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4.5. Causes of ENA biotic turnovers ...... 153 4.5.1. Sea-level fluctuation...... 153 4.5.2. Paleotemperature fluctuations...... 156 4.5.3. Carbon isotope signatures ...... 158 4.6. Definition of Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events...... 159 4.6.1. Bakoven Event...... 160 4.6.2. Stony Hollow Event...... 160 4.7. Expressions of the Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events in the Rhenish Bohemian Region...... 161 4.7.1. Spain ...... 162 4.7.1.1 Palentine Region...... 162 4.7.1.2 Asturo-Leonian Region ...... 165 4.7.2. Germany...... 165 4.7.2.1. Eifel region...... 165 4.7.2.2. Rhenish Schiefergebirge ...... 167 4.7.3. Morocco ...... 169 4.7.3.1 Tafilalt...... 169 4.7.3.2. Mader Basin...... 170 4.7.3.3. Dra Valley...... 171 4.7.4. Czech Republic...... 173 4.7.5. Austria (Carnic Alps)...... 174 4.7.6. Montagne Noire ...... 174 4.8. Summary...... 175
REFERENCES ...... 177
APPENDIX A...... 201
APPENDIX B ...... 205
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LIST OF TABLES
CHAPTER 2 Table 2.1. Sampling localities and ID codes for Tioga K-bentonite samples...... 59
Table 2.2. Mean chondrite-normalized REE data for apatites collected from Tioga K- bentonites ...... 63
CHAPTER 3 Table 3.1. Sources of faunal data...... 82
Table 3.2. Composition of faunas...... 86
Table 3.3. Onondaga EESU taxa shared by Onondaga, Columbus, and Jeffersonville Formations ...... 87
Table 3.4. Onondaga EESU taxa extinct/extirpated from Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform at lower Marcellus EESU...... 92
Table 3.5. Lower Marcellus fauna in northern Appalachian Basin ...... 95
Table 3.6. Delaware fauna ...... 99
Table 3.7. Lower Marcellus EESU new taxa...... 101
Table 3. 8. Columbus/Jeffersonville taxa not present in Onondaga 'carried over' to NY Hamilton ...... 105
Table 3.9. Hamilton taxa not present in Onondaga or lower Marcellus EESUs ...... 108
Table 3.10. Rogers City fauna ...... 113
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LIST OF FIGURES
CHAPTER 1 Figure 1.1. Map showing late Eifelian palaeogeography of the Appalachian Basin to Wabash Platform region, eastern Laurentia...... 10
Figure 1.2. Time rock diagram calibrated to existing bio- and event stratigraphy...... 13
Figure 1.3. New York State stratigraphic sections and sequence stratigraphy...... 22
Figure 1.4. Southern Ontario, Canada stratigraphic sections and sequence stratigraphy based on four cores...... 30
Figure 1.5. Ohio stratigraphic sections and sequence stratigraphy...... 34
Figure 1.6. Comparison of carryover and holdover indices between faunas from a) New York and b) Ohio...... 46
CHAPTER 2 Figure 2.1. Middle Devonian paleogeography of eastern North America. Circles show the distribution of Tioga K-bentonite localities...... 54
Figure 2.2. High wall of Hanson Aggregates Inc. – Oakwood Quarry at Oakwood, NY showing typical exposure of the Tioga K-bentonites in the west-central New York region sampled for this study...... 57
Figure 2.3. A) Heavy mineral separates from Tioga B K-bentonite sampled at Seneca Stone Quarry and B) Apatite phenocrysts concentrated from the Tioga F K-bentonite sampled at the Honeoye Falls Quarry...... 65
Figure 2.5. A) Chondrite-normalized plot of individual apatite phenocrysts from Tioga B K- bentonite at the Mapleton, PA. B) Bivariate diagram of Nd/Sm versus Gd/Tb for Appalachian Basin Tioga B and Tioga F apatites...... 67
Figure 2.6. Comparison of Y, REE traces for K-bentonites at Slate Run and Woodburn with Appalachian Basin Tioga B and F...... 72
Figure 2.7. Stratigraphic cross-section showing correlation of Tioga B and F K-bentonites from the Appalachian Basin to midcontinent...... 73
CHAPTER 3 Figure 3.1. Time rock chart showing correlation of units considered in this study, and levels of the Onondaga, lower Marcellus, and lower part of the Hamilton EESUs in eastern North America...... 78
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Figure 3.2. Paleogeographic map of eastern North America region showing areas considered in this study...... 80
Figure 3.3. Comparison of carryover and holdover patterns from the Onondaga / Columbus / Jeffersonville fauna to the Hamilton fauna equivalents via the Marcellus / Delaware / Speeds in the Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform areas...... 90
Figure 3.4. Detail of carryover-holdover for subdivisions of the Delaware and lower Marcellus...... 94
Figure 3.5. Comparison of carryover and holdover patterns for Michigan Basin...... 112
CHAPTER 4 Figure 4.1. Global paleogeographic reconstruction of the Eifelian-Givetian boundary interval showing the relative positions of the Eastern Americas (EAR) and Old World (OWR) realm faunas...... 125
Figure 4.2. Time rock chart showing correlation of units considered in this study, and levels of the Bakoven, Stony Hollow and Ka ák events in eastern North America..... 127
Figure 4.3. Paleogeographic map of Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform region showing locations of study areas...... 130
Figure 4.4. Cross-section of Ka ák Event interval strata in New York, showing positions and timing of Appalachian Basin faunal events...... 132
Figure 4.5. Cross section of late Eifelian-early Givetian strata in Ohio and Indiana, showing positions and timing of Wabash Platform faunal events...... 139
Figure 4.6. Measured stratigraphic column and distribution of taxa from a small abandoned stone quarry and outcrop along a small tributary entering the Olentangy River near Stratford, Ohio...... 140
Figure 4.7. Stratigraphic column from Speeds Quarry at Speeds, Indiana showing distribution of taxa...... 142
Figure 4.8. Composite column and faunal intervals of the uppermost Dundee Formation and Rogers City Limestone, Michigan Basin...... 144
Figure 4.9. Stratigraphic section and distribution of taxa in the Spillville Formation, Spillville, Iowa. Modified from Koch and Day 1996...... 148
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Figure 4.10. A) Late Eifelian to early Givetian paleogeographic reconstruction of Laurentia. B) Paleogeographic map of Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform region showing distribution pattern and hypothesized migration route of OWR, Cordilleran province taxa...... 152
Figure 4.11. Eifelian-Givetian boundary section and magnetic susceptibility curve from the GSSP at Mech Irdane, Tafilalt, Morocco, with suggested correlations to Appalachian Basin units...... 155
Figure 4.12. Carbon and oxygen stable isotope curves of Late Eifelian-Givetian boundary interval...... 155
Figure 4.13. Correlation chart indicating potential Bakoven and Stony Hollow Event positions within Old World Realm sections of Europe and northern Africa...... 163
Figure 4.14. Eifelian-Givetian boundary section at Hassi Mouf gully, Dra Valley, Morocco...... 172
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INTRODUCTION
Extinction events of varying scales occur throughout the fossil record. Most previous studies have focused on a handful of the most major events (e.g., P-T and K-T extinctions). More recent work (see Walliser, 1986, 1990; Miller, 1998), however, has begun to show the importance of numerous ‘lesser’ extinctions in shaping life history. These smaller events were generally thought to have affected only local areas and, consequently, have received considerably less attention (Miller, 1998). Recent studies (Walliser, 1986, 1990) have begun to document that many of these smaller bioevents, do in fact have a global signature. Further, it may well be that the net effect of these smaller events was critical in shaping life history and perhaps greater than that of the “Big Five” (see Raup and Sepkoski, 1982; Sepkoski, 1986; Brett et al., 1996; Miller,
1998). Many questions remain to be answered about these events: How rapid, synchronous and severe were these events? How much of the apparent extinction is real and how much is merely local extinction and replacement by immigrants? Did the lesser events affect only single basins or broader areas, as did the well known mass extinctions?
As a primary aim, this study presents a detailed examination of one such series of Middle
Devonian biotic events in eastern North America (ENA) associated with the so called ‘Stony
Hollow’ (or ‘lower Marcellus’) fauna, which occurred during the transition between the long- ranging Onondaga and Hamilton faunas (EESUs of Brett and Baird, 1995). The lower Marcellus fauna includes an unusual suite of equatorial, warm-water invaders into the subtropical region of
ENA. Previous studies have recognized this fauna, but lumped it as a subset of either the
Onondaga (Brett and Baird, 1995) or the Hamilton (Koch, 1978). Moreover, previous work has been focused either on faunal turnover within the Appalachian Basin, or on regional changes
1
within a specific taxonomic group (e.g., brachiopods in Koch, 1978). The present study is the first to regionally examine biotic turnover across multiple taxonomic groups.
On a broader scale, this interval of ENA faunal turnover is approximately time equivalent to the Ka ák Event (Walliser, 1985; House, 1985, 1996), a period of faunal turnover recorded primarily in pelagic taxa, which forms an important event-stratigraphic marker closely preceding the Middle Devonian Eifelian-Givetian Stage Boundary (Walliser et al. 1995). The Ka ák Event has also been loosely associated with the demise of high latitude, cool water faunas (Boucot.
1990). Heretofore, broad comparisons between ENA (primarily Appalachian Basin) and
European/North African manifestations of the Ka ák have been poorly resolved, largely due to poor biostratigraphic control. Further, even among different areas of Europe, the definition of the timing and nature of the Ka ák Event has been somewhat fluid. The timing of the Ka ák
Event has recently been restricted to the ensensis conodont zone (Walliser et al., 1995), but this only partially resolved the problem as it ignores significant episodes of biotic turnover shown to occur slightly prior to the Ka ák Event in northern Spain (e.g. Truyóls-Massoni et al., 1990;
García-Alcalde, 1998) and elsewhere.
The following chapters comprise a collection of manuscripts, each emphasizing a different aspect of the study. Chapter 1 begins with a synthesis of old and new information from bio-, litho-, event- , and sequence stratigraphy to make detailed correlations between strata of New
York (Appalachian foreland basin) and adjacent carbonate platform areas of the mid-continent.
Based on data from the literature and examination of numerous outcrops and cores from New
York, Ontario, and Ohio; the resulting correlations underscore a relatively simple pattern of two
2
major sequences (3rd order) and four sub-sequences (4th order) that can be recognized across much of eastern North America. Establishing this high-resolution stratigraphic framework provided the basis for detailed examination of faunal turnover across the region.
Chapter 2 focuses on geochemical correlation of K-bentonite (altered volcanic ashfall) beds, one particular aspect of event-stratigraphic correlation utilized in Chapter 1. For this, the rare earth element (REE) composition of volcanogenic apatite phenocrysts was analyzed to establish a geochemical ‘fingerprint’ for two stratigraphically well-constrained Tioga K-bentonite beds which are exposed widely throughout the Appalachian Basin (New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia, Maryland). With these as a baseline for comparison, samples of two isolated K- bentonite beds from the shallow shelf carbonates of Ohio and Indiana were analyzed. One of these, from the base of the Delaware Formation at Slate Run, OH is geochemically correlated with the Appalachian Basin Tioga F horizon, which occurs in the lower part of the Union
Springs Formation in New York. This proved to be an important tie-point, corroborating previous speculations regarding the age of the lower Delaware Formation (Conkin and Conkin,
1984), and suggesting that the hiatus at the base of the formation shown by Johnson et al. (1985) and Sparling (1988) likely does not exist.
The final two chapters utilize the stratigraphic framework built in chapters 1 and 2 to better resolve the Onondaga through Hamilton EESU biotic turnovers in space and time. Chapter 3 presents a regional examination of the faunal change from the Onondaga, lower Marcellus, and
Hamilton EESUs, comparing patterns and the degree of turnover between the northern
Appalachian Basin (New York), equivalent carbonate ramp the Wabash Platform of Ohio and
3
Indiana, and the Michigan Basin. EESUs comparable in timing of faunal change to the
Appalachian Basin Onondaga-lower Marcellus-Hamilton series can be recognized in coeval strata of central Ohio, southeastern Indiana and the Michigan Basin. EESU boundaries are approximately synchronous across the region and in all cases defined by abrupt changes in faunal composition. However, faunas of the Wabash Platform area of central Ohio and southeastern
Indiana were less affected than the Appalachian Basin. It appears that the Wabash Platform served as a refuge for several species extirpated from the Appalachian Basin by environmental changes brought on by tectonic and eustatic deepening. Moreover, invasions of warm-water extra-basinal taxa into the region during the lower Marcellus EESU show a more complex pattern of distribution both in space and time than had previously been recognized.
Chapter 4 is an extension of the ideas presented in Chapter 3. This chapter further explores the timing of different phases of faunal turnover in ENA as well as associated evidence for physical oceanographic changes (i.e., sea-level fluctuation, temperature fluctuation, carbon cycling). These are used to propose the recognition of two new bioevents (Bakoven and Stony
Hollow) occurring within the australis and kockelianus conodont zones which precede, and lead up to, the more widely-recognized Ka ák Event. The final part of the chapter examines descriptions of a number of Eifelian-Givetian boundary sections from Europe and North Africa for evidence of the Bakoven and Stony Hollow events. Published stratigraphic sections from northern Spain, in particular, show striking parallels both in pattern of lithologic change and timing of faunal turnover compared to ENA. Further work remains to be done in this area, but preliminary assessment suggests that the Bakoven/Stony Hollow events do have a global signature.
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CHAPTER 1: Persistent Depositional Sequences and Bioevents in the Eifelian (early
Middle Devonian) of eastern Laurentia: North American evidence of the Ka ák Events?
Abstract
The late Eifelian-earliest Givetian interval (Middle Devonian) represents a time of significant faunal turnover in the eastern Laurentia and globally. A synthesis of biostratigraphic, K- bentonite, and sequence stratigraphic data, indicates that physical and biotic events in the
Appalachian foreland basin sections in New York are coeval with the predominantly carbonate platform sections of southern Ontario and Ohio. The upper Eifelian (australis to ensensis conodont zones) Marcellus subgroup in New York comprises two large-scale (3rd-order) composite depositional sequences dominated by black shale, which are here assigned to the
Union Springs and Oatka Creek Formations. The succession includes portions of three distinctive benthic faunas or ecological-evolutionary sub-units (EESUs): ‘Onondaga’, ‘Stony
Hollow’, and ‘Hamilton’. In the northern Appalachian Basin in New York the boundaries of these bioevents show evidence of abrupt, widespread extinctions/extirpations, immigration and ecological restructuring. In the Niagara Peninsula of Ontario and from central to northern Ohio, the same sequence stratigraphic pattern and bioevents are recognized in coeval, carbonate- dominated facies.
The correlations underscore a relatively simple pattern of two major sequences and four sub- sequences that can be recognized throughout much of eastern Laurentia. Moreover, the biotic changes appear to be synchronous across the foreland basin and adjacent cratonic platform.
However, the degree of change differs substantially, being less pronounced in carbonate-
5
dominated midcontinent sections. Finally, we make the case that the two major faunal changes align with regional sequence stratigraphic patterns as well as with the global Ka ák bioevents.
1.1 Introduction
The latest Eifelian to early Givetian of the Middle Devonian was a period of significant environmental change and faunal turnover in the Appalachian Basin. In New York the interval is marked by the onset of black shales of the Marcellus subgroup (basal Hamilton Group), following the carbonate deposits of the Onondaga Formation. Parts of three major stable, predominantly benthic faunal blocks, or ecological evolutionary subunits (EESUs) occur within the Marcellus subgroup, the lower two formations of the Hamilton Group in the Appalachian
Basin of New York, Pennsylvania, and elsewhere (Brett and Baird, 1995). Concurrent with the influx of black siliciclastics of the basal Marcellus is the replacement of the stable Onondaga
Fauna by a short-lived incursion, the Stony Hollow Fauna. A second change associated with the appearance of the stable Hamilton Fauna occurs in the Halihan Hill Bed near the base of the second or Oatka Creek sequence.
On a wider scale, these Appalachian bioevents may also be related, in part, to the latest
Eifelian Ka ák Event (House, 1985), also known as the otomari Event of Walliser (1985). This event has been described over a wide region including the Czech Republic (Budil, 1995),
Germany (Schöne, 1997), Spain (Truyóls-Massoni et al., 1990), and Northern Africa (e.g.,
Walliser et al., 1995; House, 1996). The event as defined by House (1985, 1996a) was named for ammonoid extinctions and originations associated with black shales of the Ka ák Member of the Sbskro Formation (Czech Republic) and correlative strata elsewhere. Others (e.g., Walliser,
6
1996; Schöne, 1997) consider separate lower and upper events within this interval. The lower,
L’Ei 1 Event (= otomari Event) occurs with the onset of black shales, conodont extinctions and entry of the dacryoconarid Nowakia otomari. The upper L’Ei 2-Event marks the termination of black shale deposition and extinction of several goniatite genera. Clearly, the broadly defined event shows multiple phases of origination and extinction, primarily affecting pelagic taxa
(House, 1996a, b). The Ka ák Event occurs just below the Eifelian-Givetian Stage boundary at the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP), which is defined by the entry of the conodont
Polygnathus hemiansatus (Walliser et al., 1995). Thus the event falls wholly within the former
Lower ensensis conodont zone (Bultynck, 1987; Belka et al., 1997; Bultynck and Walliser,
2000). This level also coincides with the upper part of the Agoniatites costulatus ammonoid zone (MD I-F2 of Becker and House, 1994).
To date the evidence of the faunal turnovers from New York has been from strata chiefly representing dysoxic environments in part reflecting a phase of foreland basin development during the Acadian Orogeny (Ettensohn, 1985). This raises the question of whether the local changes were due merely to an extreme shift in environment (i.e., facies tracking on a grand scale). One way of getting at this question is to examine faunas on the nearby carbonate platform to the west, where the magnitude of environmental change was not as extreme. Then we might ask whether biotic changes on the carbonate platform occur synchronously with those in the main body of the Appalachian Basin? Are changes of the same magnitude and do they involve the same taxa in both areas?
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1.2. Study Approach
Determining the precise comparisons of these late Eifelian to early Givetian faunal changes in upramp sections of the Laurentian carbonate platform has previously been hindered by lack of detailed correlations, due in part to the extreme difference in facies. In this context, this paper presents a detailed, regional correlation of upper Eifelian-lowest Givetian strata in New York,
Ontario, and parts of Ohio. The delineation of coeval stratigraphic units/bioevents requires a synthesis of existing bio- and event stratigraphic data, as well as new insights provided by sequence stratigraphy. Data come from a review of existing literature, detailed examination of stratigraphic sections and drill cores, biostratigraphic sampling, and geochemical analysis of regionally significant K-bentonites.
1.2.1. Study area
The area encompassed by this study (Fig. 1.1) includes sections in the Appalachian Foreland
Basin, in a transitional carbonate ramp in central Ohio and southern Ontario, and in the Chatham
Sag, an area of subsidence that separates the Algonquin and Findlay Arches. Appalachian Basin sections are primarily along the east-west outcrop belt in New York State from the Hudson
Valley, westward to Buffalo. The New York sections are supplemented by a series of outcrops in the central Appalachians of Pennsylvania. Two areas of southern Ontario are also considered, including four drill cores from the southwestern area from London to Sarnia, and a series of small outcrop exposures reported as ‘Delaware Formation’ in the vicinity of Selkirk about 85 km west of Buffalo. A third major study area encompasses the north-south outcrop belt along the eastern flank of the Findlay Arch, in central to northeastern Ohio, roughly from Columbus northward to Sandusky.
8
1.2.2. Units examined
Exposed units (Fig. 1.2) examined in New York include the upper Onondaga Formation, the
Union Springs Formation (Bakoven and Stony Hollow Members), and the lower part of the coeval Oatka Creek and Mount Marion Formations (Hurley, Cherry Valley, and East Berne
Members, and the overlying Halihan Hill Bed). The Union Springs and Oatka Creek-Mount
Marion Formations comprise lower and upper parts of the Marcellus subgroup in New York
(formerly Marcellus “Formation”). For more discussion of these units, see Ver Straeten (2007).
Units examined in the subsurface of Ontario include the Dundee Formation and basal Hamilton- equivalent strata ("Marcellus Shale"). In Ohio, exposed units examined include the upper
Columbus and Delaware Formations in the central outcrop belt, and the Dundee Formation in the northwest outcrop belt. These units were also examined in the subsurface.
1.3. Biostratigraphy
Biostratigraphic data, particularly of conodonts, provide the first order age constraints on strata across the region (Fig. 1.2). Ammonoid and dacryoconarid data are of more limited use, but offer important ties to the Ka ák bioevents reported in Europe and Northern Africa. Despite extensive conodont sampling, detailed correlations remain poorly resolved, in part because key index taxa have not been found in all areas and because multiple bioevents occur within the span of a single biostratigraphic zone.
9
Figure 1.1. Map showing late Eifelian palaeogeography of the Appalachian Basin to Wabash Platform region, eastern Laurentia. Locations referred to in text— New York: Bu = Buffalo, Ro = Rochester, Sy = Syracuse, Ki = Kingston. Ontario: Ip = Ipperwash Point, Lo = London, Pt = Port Stanley, Sa = Sarnia, Sk = Selkirk. Ohio: Co = Columbus, Dl = Delaware, Bl = Bloomville, Sd = Sandusky, Si = Silica.
10
1.3.1. Conodont biostratigraphy
The conodont zonation for the study interval and region is based primarily on data from
Klapper (1971, 1981) for New York, Uyeno et al. (1982) for Ontario, and the data of Sparling
(1984, 1988, 1999) for Ohio. The zones for the upper Eifelian are the Polygnathus costatus costatus, Tortodus kockelianus australis, Tortodus kockelianus kockelianus, and Po. xylus ensensis Zones, and for the earliest Givetian the Po. hemiansatus (formerly "upper" ensensis)
Zone. At present the precise boundaries of the ensensis and hemiansatus Zones remain poorly defined in North America (Sparling, 1999).
1.3.1.1. costatus Zone
The base of the costatus Zone is marked by the appearance of Polygnathus costatus costatus.
In New York this conodont first occurs in the middle part of the pre-Moorehouse Nedrow
Member of the Onondaga Formation and ranges upward into interbedded limestone and shale in the base of the Bakoven Member of the Union Springs Formation (Fig. 1.2). In southwestern
Ontario, Po. costatus costatus ranges through the lower half of the Dundee Formation. In north- central Ohio it ranges from the lower part of the Marblehead Member of the Columbus
Formation to ~1.5 m below the top of the Venice Member of the Columbus (Sparling, 1984).
In central Ohio Po. costatus costatus ranges from Stauffer’s (1909) zone E in the middle of the Columbus Formation upward at least to the contact with the Delaware Formation (Ramsey,
11
1969), and may also occur in the lower Delaware (Uyeno et al., 1982). The implications of these ranges are discussed below.
1.3.1.2. australis Zone
The index species of the australis Zone, Tortodus kockelianus australis, has not been found in the New York succession. Klapper (1981) referred the basal Union Springs shale and limestone beds at Union Springs, New York, to the australis Zone based on the co-occurrence of Po. linguiformis linguiformis with Po. costatus costatus, but observed that this association could also indicate the costatus Zone. Diagnostic australis elements have not been found in central Ohio either, but an association similar to that of the basal Union Springs is reported by Uyeno et al.
(1982) from the lowest 1.5 m of the Delaware (Dublin Shale) at the Marble Cliff quarries in
Columbus. This range may imply that most of the Dublin is no younger than australis Zone.
Tort. kockelianus australis is documented in the upper part of the Venice Member in north- central Ohio, where it occurs with Po. linguiformis linguiformis, Po. pseudofoliatus and Po. costatus costatus, about 2 to 2.5 m below the top of the member (Sparling, 1984). Sparling also noted that the lowest bed of the Delaware at Venice Quarry carries a conodont assemblage identical to that of the upper Venice and implies that both belong to the australis Zone. This indicates that the Venice belongs to the australis and possibly the lower australis Zone. As such, it may be equivalent to the basal Union Springs beds in central New York and to the middle
Dundee in Ontario.
12
Figure 1.2. Time rock diagram calibrated to existing bio- and event stratigraphy. Conodont data from Uyeno et al. (1982); Sparling (1984, 1995, 1999); Klapper (1971, 1981) and Ramsey (1969). Ammonoid zones from House (1978, 1981) and Becker & House (1994, 2000). Dacryoconarid events from Lindemann (2002). TR cycles are those of Johnson et al. (1985). Bb2, Bb3, and Bb4 are bone beds 2, 3, and 4 of Wells (1944).
13
1.3.1.3. kockelianus / eiflius Zones
The base of the kockelianus Zone is marked by the first appearance of Tortodus kockelianus
kockelianus. In New York, this and associated elements comprise the Po. pseudofoliatus – Po.
aff. Po. eiflius fauna of the Chestnut Street submember (Hurley Member) and Cherry Valley
Member in central New York (Klapper, 1971), indicating placement of both of these units and
probably the entire Hurley Member, in the kockelianus Zone. Although Tort. kockelianus
kockelianus has not been found in southwestern Ontario or in Ohio, parts of the Delaware and
Dundee Formations are indirectly assignable based on associated taxa.
The Delaware Formation has generally been referred to the kockelianus zone based on
Polygnathus eiflius reported by Ramsey (1969) from the lower part of the formation in central
Ohio. Unfortunately, the exact stratigraphic levels of the samples were not reported. However,
all of the Po. eiflius specimens apparently came from the lower 26 feet of the Delaware and,
thus, somewhere within Stauffer’s (1909) Zones I, J, or K. As noted above, there is reason to
believe that Zone I, including the Dublin Shale, is of australis Zone age. Moreover, Rickard
(1984, 1985) expressed concern with Ramsey’s interpretation, citing that the range of Po. eiflius
and its differentiation from a similar subspecies, Po. aff. Po. eiflius, are uncertain. Po. aff. Po. eiflius is known from the australis zone (Klapper and Ziegler, 1979, Figs. 1.3 and 1.4).
However, in Morocco true Po. eiflius enters in the upper part of the kockelianus Zone and defines a separate eiflius Zone (Bultynck, 1987; Belka et al., 1997). Sparling (1988) assigns all of the Delaware in north central Ohio to the kockelianus Zone, apparently based on correlations with the central Ohio sections. However, we suggest that some of the north-central Ohio
14
Delaware is older than this based on our correlation with central Ohio stratigraphic sequences
(discussed below). Because of these uncertainties conodont material from central Ohio needs re- examination.
1.3.1.4. ensensis / hemiansatus Zones
The base of the Polygnathus hemiansatus Zone was designated as the base of the Givetian
Stage (Walliser et al., 1995). At present, conodonts diagnostic of the preceding ‘Lower’ ensensis
Zone (containing the Ka ák Event interval) have not been found in eastern North America.
Polygnathus ensensis elements have recently been preliminarily identified from the
Hadrophyllum bed in the upper Delaware Formation of Ohio (Over, pers. comm. 2005) but this needs further investigation. The index species Po. hemiansatus is also unknown. However, the hemiansatus Zone is approximately synonymous with the Upper ensensis Zone (sensu Bultynck,
1987), which has been recognized in several units across the region. A single element recently obtained from the Oatka Creek Formation 90 cm above the Halihan Hill Bed in central New
York, identified as long-ranging taxon Po. pseudofoliatus (Over, pers. comm. 2004), is permissive of the interval but not particularly constraining. Klapper (1981) reported conodont assemblages indicative of the Upper ensensis Zone in the Mottville Member of the Skaneateles
Formation in central New York. Uyeno (reported in Sparling, 1988) identified Upper ensensis conodonts in a portion of the Bell Shale and overlying Rockport Quarry Limestone-Arkona
Formation of Ontario. Sparling (1995) reports ‘phyletically late forms’ of Polygnathus xylus ensensis as well as Icriodus brevis and early forms of Po. xylus xylus from the lowest 1 m of the
Plum Brook Formation, and on that basis assigned that unit to the Upper ensensis Zone (i.e., hemiansatus Zone). However, Icriodus brevis and Po. xylus xylus both enter within the
15
timorensis Zone (lowest part of the Lower varcus Zone) in Morocco (Bultynck, 1987; Belka et
al., 1997), suggesting that the Plum Brook may be younger. This interpretation is supported by
the Plum Brook goniatites, which are the same as in the upper Arkona Formation, which also has
Icriodus brevis (Landing and Brett, 1987).
1.3.2. Ammonoid biostratigraphy
House (1978, 1981) outlined an ammonoid biostratigraphy for the Middle Devonian of the
Appalachian Basin. The Cabrieroceras bed (formerly Werneroceras bed) in the uppermost
Bakoven Member (Stony Hollow Member equivalent) in central New York contains fauna 4 of
House (1978), including Cabrieroceras crispiforme plebeiforme, Parodiceras discoideum and
Holzapfeloceras (reported as Subanarcestes cf. micromphalus in House, 1978; revised in Becker and House, 1994). Cabr. crispiforme plebeiforme is the index species of the late Eifelian
Cabrieroceras Genozone and would ordinarily indicate the MD I-E Cabrieroceras crispiforme plebeiforme Zone of Becker and House (1994, 2000). However, the occurrence of Parod. discoideum in this fauna is more constraining, as Parodiceras does not enter before the MD I-F
Zone (within the kockelianus conodont Zone) elsewhere.
The genus Agoniatites enters the New York section with Agon. vanuxemi nodiferus (fauna 5 of House, 1978) in the Lincoln Park submember of the Hurley Member. This is overlain by the
Cherry Valley Member (long known as the ‘Agoniatites Limestone’) with its fauna of Agon. vanuxemi vanuxemi and other subspecies, as well as Parod. discoideum (fauna 6 of House,
1978). These forms of Agon. vanuxemi in the Oatka Creek-Mount Marion Formations mark the late Eifelian Agoniatites Genozone, MD I-F Agoniatites. costulatus Zone. The upper part of this
16
interval (MD I-F2) corresponds to the goniatite record of the Ka ák Event, as currently defined
(Becker and House, 2000).
Agoniatites vanuxemi occurs elsewhere in the Appalachian Basin, including the Purcell
Limestone in Pennsylvania (Ver Straeten et al., 1994), and has been reported from the upper
Dundee ("Delaware") Formation in Ontario (Best, 1953). Cabr. crispiforme plebeiforme, P. discoideum, Holzapfeloceras, and Agoniatites vanuxemi are all reported from the lower Millboro
Shale in Virginia (House, 1978, 1981; Griffing and Ver Straeten, 1991).
The precise position of the succeeding Givetian Maenioceras Genozone, MD II-A, is not known in eastern North America, but is believed to be represented by the early occurrence of
Tornoceras in the form of Torn. aff. mesopleuron which with Parodiceras sp. nov. comprise fauna 7 reported by House (1965, 1978). According to House (1978, p. 56) this fauna was obtained from the Chittenango Member (Oatka Creek Formation) an estimated 18.3 m above the
Cherry Valley Member in a quarry in about 4.3 km northwest of Cherry Valley, New York.
Given House’s description, this specimen likely came from a small quarry exposing the East
Berne Member and the Halihan Hill Bed. We suggest that the sample was probably collected from the latter unit (poorly preserved possible tornoceratids occur within the Halihan Hill Bed at other localities), which would place this bed in the earliest Givetian.
Tornoceras arkonense (fauna 8 of House, 1978) occurs in the Skaneateles Formation in New
York, the Arkona Formation of Ontario, and the Plum Brook and Silica Shales of Ohio (House,
1981; Becker and House, 2000).
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1.3.3. Dacryoconarid biostratigraphy
Dacryoconarid biostratigraphy in the Appalachian Basin is still in its infancy and has not been correlated to the international nowakiid zonation. Lindemann (2002) documents four dacryoconarid events in the Onondaga through lower Oatka Creek Formations at Cherry Valley,
New York. Events II through IV occur within the units of interest in this paper. Dacryconarid
Event II, marked by the first appearance of Striatostyliolina, occurs at the base of the Bakoven
Member of the Union Springs Formation. Event III occurs in the upper Union Springs and is concurrent with ammonoid fauna 4 of House (1978). Genera include Styliolina, Viriatellina,
Striatostyliolina, Costulatostyliolina, and Nowakia. Lindemann (2002) observes that this is the first reported occurrence of the latter two genera in the Devonian of the Appalachian Basin. He also suggests that Event III may correlate to the Lower Ka ák Event sensu Walliser (1996). The
Ka ák interval occurs within younger (ensensis Zone) strata, so this cannot be the case. Event III does however coincide with the incursion of the ‘Stony Hollow Fauna’. Finally, Lindemann’s
Event IV in the upper part of the East Berne Member and the Halihan Hill Bed is marked by the occurrence of abundant Styliolina and Nowakia. Unfortunately Nowakia otomari, the dacryoconarid index fossil of the Ka ák-otomari Event, remains unknown in New York
(Lindemann, 2002).
Dacryoconarids have not been reported from the Columbus or Delaware Formations in Ohio.
However, a tentaculitid, Tentaculites scalariformis, is extremely abundant in certain horizons in the Delaware and in the Venice Member of the Columbus Formation.
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1.4. K-Bentonite Event Stratigraphy
The Middle Devonian Tioga K-bentonites have been recognized as valuable marker and regional correlation tools for the past half-century. When originally documented by Fettke
(1952) from subsurface occurrences in the Pennsylvania Tioga gas field, ‘the Tioga’ was thought to be a single bed. Later work by Dennison (e.g., Dennison, 1961; Dennison and Textoris, 1970) showed that the Tioga is in fact a cluster of K-bentonite beds. Way et al. (1986) identified at least seven major horizons (Tioga A through G) in Pennsylvania. In New York, multiple Tioga beds occur in the upper part of the Onondaga Formation (Conkin and Conkin, 1984; Brett and
Ver Straeten, 1994; Ver Straeten, 2004), however only the beds correlated with the Pennsylvania
Tioga B and F beds are consistently well preserved. These beds occur at the contact of the
Seneca and Moorehouse Members and in the lower part of the Bakoven Member of the Union
Springs Formation (Fig. 1.2).
In Ohio, a K-bentonite immediately overlying the contact between the Columbus (Venice
Member) and Delaware Formations in the quarry at Venice has been equated with the Tioga B of
New York (e.g., Oliver, 1967; Oliver et al., 1968). This correlation was disputed by Conkin and
Conkin (1984) and Sparling (1985, 1988) because it does not fit with the conodont biostratigraphy. Moreover, recent sampling indicates that the bed may not actually be a K- bentonite, although one highly weathered exposure does resemble Tioga beds seen elsewhere.
However, other exposures of the horizon within the same quarry are comprised of dark, laminated calcareous shale. The clay fraction of the weathered material contains illite with no apparent mixed-layered component. Separated mineral residues contain detrital grains (e.g., quartz, garnet, tourmaline, and zircon) but no apatite, biotite or other phenocrysts suggestive of a
19
K-bentonite. Even if this bed is, in fact, one of the Tioga beds, we suggest that it is probably not the B horizon, and is more likely a higher bed (Tioga F?) as has been suggested by others
(Conkin and Conkin, 1984; Sparling 1985). Ver Straeten (2007) suggests that the Tioga B K- bentonite is absent at an unconformity in the Columbus-Delaware region.
A recently discovered K-bentonite with moderately abundant zircon and apatite phenocrysts immediately underlies the Dublin Shale at Slate Run in Columbus, Ohio and is currently being analysed. Preliminary data suggest that the bed at Slate Run does not correlate to the Tioga B.
The phenocrysts appear chemically similar to those of the Tioga F in Pennsylvania and New
York (DeSantis 2005, and Chapter 2 of this document). We are in the process of geochemically fingerprinting apatites from a number of Tioga K-bentonite horizons in the Appalachian Basin sections.
1.5. Regional Stratigraphy
1.5.1. New York
The Marcellus subgroup (Hamilton Group) of New York as revised by Ver Straeten et al.
(1994; also Ver Straeten and Brett, 2006; Ver Straeten, 2007) is a strongly westward thinning wedge of dominantly black and dark grey, organic-rich shale with minor siltstone, sandstone and thin, widespread, persistent carbonates. The Marcellus thins from over 580 m near the Catskill front to about 6 m in western New York (Rickard, 1989). Despite this nearly hundred-fold thinning, several key marker beds, consisting of concretionary and styliolinid-rich limestones, can be traced across the entire outcrop belt (Ver Straeten et al., 1994). The four most distinctive of these are the closely spaced Chestnut Street submember, the Cherry Valley Member, the
20
Halihan Hill Bed (Ver Straeten, 1994), and the capping Stafford-Mottville Limestone of the
Skaneateles Formation which overlies the Marcellus subgroup (Figs. 1.2 and 1.3).
The Marcellus interval was subdivided into two major units, the Union Springs and coeval
Oatka Creek/Mount Marion Formations, in the sense of Cooper’s (1930, 1933) Hamilton Group stratigraphy. Near its type locality, the Union Springs commences with a transitional series of dark shales and limestones that overlie the Seneca Member of the Onondaga Formation, and passes upward into black, laminated calcareous shales of the Bakoven Member. At most locations the base of the Bakoven is sharp and marked by a bone bed of onychodid fish teeth and other phosphatic debris indicative of a condensed horizon. In western to central New York the
Tioga F K-bentonite (sometimes termed ‘true Tioga’) occurs in the lower part of the Bakoven
Member, either within the basal transitional shales and limestones or directly overlying the basal bone bed. The Tioga F has not been located in outcrops east of Oakwood (~12 km northeast of
Seneca Stone Quarry). The lower Bakoven beds yield a low diversity fauna characterized by styliolines and a few thin shelled brachiopods, notably the rhynchonellid Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare, ‘Lingula’ and Orbiculoidea. In the dark shales near the top of the Bakoven Member is a concretion horizon with the goniatites Parodiceras discoideum, Cabrieroceras crispiforme plebeiforme and Holzapfeloceras (fauna 4 of House, 1978).
In the Hudson Valley region, the Bakoven thickens and passes upward to as much as 68 m of siltstone and silty calcareous mudstones assigned to the Stony Hollow Member (Cooper, in
Goldring, 1943; Griffing and Ver Straeten, 1991; Ver Straeten et al., 1994). The Stony Hollow
21
Figure 1.3. New York State stratigraphic sections and sequence stratigraphy. Sequences are the same as outlined in Fig. 2. Note thinning of units from east to west across the basin. Stratigraphic Units: LP smbr = Lincoln Park submember, Chestnut St. smbr = Chestnut Street submember, both of the Hurley Member; Cherry Vly. = Cherry Valley; Halihan = Halihan Hill Bed.
22
possesses a distinctive fauna (Stony Hollow Fauna of Ver Straeten et al., 1994; Brett and Baird,
1996), including the brachiopods Variatrypa arctica, Emanuella sp., Leptaena ‘rhomboidalis’,
Pentamerella cf. P. wintereri, Warrenella maia, Tentaculites sp. This fauna differs markedly from the fauna of the underlying Onondaga Formation and overlying Hamilton Group.
The Stony Hollow is overlain by 1 to 7 m of fossiliferous, calcareous beds (Proetid Package of Griffing and Ver Straeten, 1991), assigned by Ver Straeten et al. (1994) to the Hurley Member and presently considered by Ver Straeten and Brett (2006) to represent the basal member of the redefined Oatka Creek Formation. Careful tracing indicates that the Hurley Member condenses northwestward from East Berne to Oriskany Falls and farther westward into a single, thin interval of fossiliferous limestones, termed the Chestnut Street submember (Griffing and Ver
Straeten, 1991; Ver Straeten and Brett, 2006; Ver Straeten, 2007). The Chestnut Street submember typically weathers as a single thin ledge (10-43 cm) of fossiliferous wackestone that contains a somewhat less diverse Stony Hollow fauna dominated by sponge spicules, Emanuella, small rhynchonellids, Dechenella haldemanni, Guerichophyllum, and the microcrinoid
Haplocrinites.
Throughout western and central New York the Chestnut Street submember is either subjacent to or welded to the overlying Cherry Valley Limestone. However, in the Hudson Valley and central Pennsylvania, the beds are separated by up to 3 m of dark grey to black shale and minor sandstone, locally rich in pyrite or barite nodules (Ver Straeten et al., 1994). These shales, termed the Lincoln Park submember of the Hurley Member by Ver Straeten et al. (1994; also
23
Ver Straeten and Brett, 2006; Ver Straeten, 2007), have the goniatite subspecies Agoniatites
vanuxemi nodiferus.
The Cherry Valley Member of the redefined Oatka Creek Formation, is a 0.4 to 5 m thick
interval of styliolinid pack- to grainstone noted for its cephalopod fauna, including various
subspecies of Agoniatites vanuxemi and the orthocerid nautiloid Striacoceras. In eastern New
York (Hudson Valley), the Cherry Valley is predominantly clastic and ranges up to 10 m in thickness (Ver Straeten et al., 1994). Throughout the New York outcrop belt, the Cherry Valley shows a consistent stratigraphy with lower and upper compact limestones, and a middle shaly nodular zone. Benthic fossils are generally sparse and of low diversity, but include rhynchonellids and thickets of auloporid corals, especially in the middle nodular beds.
Cephalopods are particularly rich in the upper bed. Large individuals of the auloporid
Cladochonus are particularly typical of the shallow-water grainstone facies of the westernmost
Cherry Valley in the Genesee Valley south of Rochester. These grainstones show a slightly richer fauna, with abundant crinoid and bryozoan fragments, small euomphalid snails and brachiopods including Warrenella maia in the uppermost beds.
Throughout western and central New York, the Cherry Valley is overlain by a thin (generally
<1 m) black, sparsely calcareous shale with styliolinid limestones. This interval, the East Berne
Member of the Oatka Creek-Mount Marion Formations (formerly the Berne Member of Cooper,
1933), thickens abruptly eastward, to about 80 m in the Hudson Valley (Ver Straeten, 1994).
The East Berne is everywhere overlain by a thin, but significant interval of dacryoconarid- bearing limestones and richly fossiliferous calcareous mudstone, the Halihan Hill Bed (Ver
24
Straeten, 1994), defined as the basal unit of the Chittenango Member in central and western New
York and of the Otsego Member in eastern New York. The Halihan Hill Bed yields a diverse fauna, comprised largely of species that persist into the overlying Hamilton Group (Brett and
Baird, 1995), especially the brachiopods Ambocoelia umbonata, Mediospirifer, and Athyris sp.
In addition, a few holdover Onondaga taxa are also found, including abundant Hallinetes lineatus, Coelospira camilla, and Strophonella cf. ampla. In the Hudson Valley, near Kingston, the bed carries biostromes of rugose and tabulate corals, especially Heliophyllum, Eridophyllum,
Cystiphylloides, and branching favositids. The Halihan Hill Bed is particularly significant in carrying the initial occurrences of many taxa characteristic of the later Hamilton Group. It may also contain the lowest occurrence of Tornoceras aff. mesopleuron.
In western-central New York the Oatka Creek Formation, above the Halihan Hill Bed, includes the Chittenango and Cardiff Members, some 7 to 50 m of fissile, black to dark grey organic-rich shale. Geochemically the Oatka Creek black shales in the Genesee Valley area shows a very high TOC (5-17%), strong enrichment of Mo and V, and DOP (degree of pyritization) values >0.8, indicating that anoxic, euxinic conditions prevailed in western New
York during deposition of this unit (Werne et al., 2002; Sageman et al., 2003). Most of these shales are barren of benthic fossils, although the uppermost dark- to medium-grey mudstones
(Cardiff and its lateral equivalents) become increasingly fossiliferous toward the contact with the overlying Stafford-Mottville carbonates. Their eastward equivalents in the Otsego Member and higher units (up to 425 m thick) carry a diverse fauna with only a few species (e.g., Paraspirifer cf. P. acuminatus, Schizophoria) that do not carry over into higher Hamilton beds.
25
The Stafford Member and its eastern equivalent, the Mottville Member, form the base of the overlying Skaneateles Formation. These units are characteristically composed of two fossil-rich limestones or calcareous siltstones, separated by a middle mudstone interval of varying thickness
(0.5 to 10 m). The Mottville beds carry a diverse ‘Hamilton’ fauna.
1.5.2. Ontario, Canada
Despite the detailed work of Stauffer (1915) and Best (1953), which remain a useful source of data on faunas, detailed understanding of late Eifelian- early Givetian stratigraphic relationships in southern Ontario and their correlations to the east and west, have long been obscure. Uyeno et al. (1982) helped clarify the relationships of the ‘Delaware Formation’ in
Ontario. The problem is two-fold. First, this shale-prone succession is poorly exposed, being covered in most areas by a thick mantle of glacial drift. Second, units have not been consistently defined and identified, at least not in an allostratigraphic sense.
Strata believed to be age-equivalent to the Marcellus interval in New York have been variably assigned to four lithologic units. In the past, the term ‘Delaware’ was applied to the lower variably argillaceous and cherty limestones overlying either the ‘Onondaga’ Formation or the Lucas Formation of Detroit River Group in southwestern Ontario (Stauffer, 1915; Best, 1953;
Uyeno et al., 1982). Carbonate strata between the Detroit River Group and overlying shales are now generally included in a single unit termed the Dundee Formation, a designation extended from outcrops of dolomitic carbonate and fossiliferous grainstones in southern Michigan. It is clear from the conodont biostratigraphy of Uyeno et al. (1982) and Sparling (1988) that variable amounts of correlative section are included in the Dundee in Ontario and that these do not strictly
26
conform to the type Dundee of Michigan. Moreover, Uyeno’s work makes clear that strata included in the upper portion of the Dundee in parts of western Ontario are age-equivalent to the
Rogers City Formation, which is said to overlie the Dundee in the Alpena area of Michigan (Fig.
1.2). In addition, the term ‘Marcellus Formation’ has been extended from New York into southern Ontario for black and dark grey shale-dominated facies that are probably equivalent to the upper Delaware. In western drill core sections Uyeno et al. (1982) used the term ‘Bell
Shale,’ a Michigan Basin term, for laterally equivalent dark to medium grey and more fossiliferous shales.
1.5.2.1. Niagara Peninsula-Selkirk Area
Outcrops previously assigned variably to the Marcellus and Delaware occur along the north shore of Lake Erie and on Dry Creek at Cheapside. Stauffer (1915) measured these sections in detail and concluded that they closely resemble the Delaware Formation (primarily the succession from Dublin Shale upward) of central Ohio, particularly in showing a mixture of dark shale and chert with a low diversity fauna (Tentaculites gracilistriatus and Styliolina) at the base.
Higher cherty limestone beds contain a more diverse fauna including Arachnocrinus.
Arachnocrinus is not known to occur above the Moorehouse Member of the Onondaga
Formation in New York (G. McIntosh, pers. comm.). Tentaculites and stylolinids are also reported from the Nedrow Member of the Onondaga (Lindemann, 2002). Thus, the Selkirk outcrops likely correlate to the middle part of the Onondaga Formation and are older than the
Delaware of Ohio.
27
1.5.2.2. London-Sarnia Area
The facies, strata, and faunas in the subsurface of the region south and west of London,
Ontario (Fig. 1.4) appear very similar to those of New York State. This area lies on the eastern margin of and within the so-called Chatham Sag, a low saddle between the Findlay and
Algonquin Arches (Fig. 1.1). Here, the upper Eifelian beds have been assigned mainly to the
Dundee Formation, although much of the strata time-equivalent to the Marcellus subgroup in
New York are assigned to the overlying ‘Marcellus’ and/or Bell Shale. Stauffer (1915) recognized on faunal grounds that these beds were age-equivalent to the Delaware of the Niagara
Peninsula and central Ohio, and this correlation is largely confirmed by conodont biostratigraphy, although, as previously discussed, only the lower Delaware in Ohio has been assigned to the australis to kockelianus Zones.
A drill core (Fig. 1.4, core OGS 82-3) from the area of Port Stanley, southwest of London,
Ontario provides a good reference section for equivalents of the Marcellus subgroup strata in this region. Comparable sections, though increasingly condensed, were also recognized westward in the area of Arkona-Ipperwash and Sarnia, Ontario but the units are best developed in the Port
Stanley core. The lowest unit considered is a brownish grey, vuggy dolostone with crinoidal debris and scattered cystiphyllid rugose corals assignable to the Dundee Formation. As noted by
Uyeno et al. (1982), the upper beds of Dundee in this region belong to the australis to kockelianus Zones. Based on conodont biostratigraphy, they are probably equivalent to the
Venice Member of the Columbus Formation and lower Delaware Formation in Ohio. The
Dundee is overlain abruptly by about 1 m of dark brownish grey to black, laminated shales and styliolinid limestones with rare, small rhynchonellid brachiopods. This unit is lithologically
28
similar to the Bakoven Shale of New York and a correlation with that unit is supported by Uyeno et al.’s (1982) report of Po. pseudofoliatus – Po. aff. eiflius (sensu Klapper, 1971) conodont assemblages from the uppermost Dundee and equivalent Rogers City Formation.
The dark shales are abruptly overlain by a 30 cm micritic limestone, rich in the ambocoeliid brachiopod Emanuella cf. E. subumbona. Emanuella, reported as common in drift boulders of the “Marcellus” formation in the Port Stanley area (Stauffer 1915), this is a faunal association also known from the Chestnut Street submember in New York State. Moreover, the ‘Emanuella bed’ in Ontario may be equivalent to the Emanuella epibole of the lower-middle Rogers City
Formation of Michigan reported by Ehlers and Kesling (1970). The Port Stanley ‘Emanuella bed’ is separated by about 2 cm of black shale from an overlying ~1.7 m thick interval of medium dark grey, styliolinid wackestones with abundant, large, auloporid corals, especially near the top and middle, as well as chonetids and other brachiopods. We equate this interval with the Cherry Valley Member of New York based on position with respect to other biostratigraphically dated horizons, sequence pattern, and general lithologic and faunal similarities. Like the Cherry Valley, this interval is divisible into lower and upper compact limestones, with a middle shaly, nodular zone rich in large auloporids.
In turn, the ‘auloporid beds’ are overlain successively upward by ~50 cm of dark grey and black shale with sparse rhynchonellid brachiopods (Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare?) and ~1 m of shell-rich limestone and calcareous brownish grey shale. This interval is packed with chonetid brachiopods (Longispina, Hallinetes?), Ambocoelia, and the rhynchonellid C. limitare.
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Figure 1.4. Southern Ontario, Canada stratigraphic sections and sequence stratigraphy based on four cores. The inset diagram shows an enlargement of the basal 5 m of OGS 82-3 at Port Stanley with a proposed correlation to New York units and depositional sequences. Cores are stored at the Ontario Oil, Gas and Salt Resources Library (OGSL) in London, Ontario. Core locations: MOE Deep Obs #1, Lambton Co., Sarnia Twp., OGSL core #954; GSC2 Ipperwash #1, Lambton Co., Bosanquet Twp., OGSL core #580; Imperial Bluewater #904, Elgin Co., Dunwich Twp., OGSL core #166; OGS 82-3, Elgin Co., Yarmouth Twp., OGSL core #861. Stratigraphic Units: Hur. = Hurley Member; E. Berne = East Berne Member; Chitt. = Chittenango Member.
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Together, these beds form a couplet that very closely resembles the East Berne Member (dark shale) and Halihan Hill Bed (chonetid-Ambocoelia rich calcareous mudstone) found throughout central and western New York to the westernmost outcrop at Stony Point on the Lake Erie shore
(Ver Straeten et al., 1994). Finally, the upper portion of the drill core (assigned by drillers to the
Marcellus) is some 10.3 m of dark brownish grey to black shale with a few beds packed with rhynchonellid brachiopods. This interval is of comparable thickness, position and appearance to dark grey to medium grey rhynchonellid bearing shale assigned to the Bell Shale in cores to the northwest near Sarnia, Ontario. This is in turn overlain by ~2.5 m of more fossiliferous grey mudstone, perhaps transitional into the Rockport Quarry Formation, although the core ends at this level. As noted previously, the upper Bell and Rockport Quarry interval in southwestern
Ontario has yielded Upper ensensis Zone (= hemiansatus Zone) conodont assemblages (Uyeno, in Sparling, 1988). It is thus reasonable on all grounds -- biostratigraphy, general fauna, relative thickness, and sequence pattern (see below) -- to equate the Bell Shale-Rockport Quarry
Limestone interval with the upper Marcellus Oatka Creek-Mount Marion Formations and
Stafford-Mottville Members of the Skaneateles Formation in New York.
In summary, although more detailed biostratigraphic data are needed to confirm all aspects of this correlation, the package of strata in southwest Ontario is constrained above and below by conodont-dated successions, bracketing it as being of Marcellus age-equivalence. Indeed, the detailed pattern of this succession is so similar to the Marcellus subgroup succession in New
York as to leave little doubt of the precise unit-by-unit correlation with that area.
1.5.3. Ohio
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Ohio strata coeval to the New York Marcellus include part of the uppermost Columbus
Formation (the Venice Member in northern Ohio) and the Delaware Formation. The first extensive survey of these formations was by Stauffer (1909) and subsequent work has built on his framework. In the Columbus area, Stauffer divided the Columbus Formation into eight zones
(Zones A through H) based on lithological and palaeontological characteristics. The Delaware
Formation was similarly divided into five zones (Zones I through M).
The Delaware Formation is a heterogeneous succession of thin to medium-bedded dark grey to brownish grey limestone with locally abundant chert and calcareous shale. Lithologically, it contrasts with the underlying Columbus Formation by its generally thinner-bedded, finer grained appearance. The Delaware has been broadly correlated to the lower part of the Marcellus subgroup, based primarily on a lingulid/rhynchonellid brachiopod fauna found in the Dublin
Shale Member (upper Zone I) as well as other typical Hamilton taxa occurring throughout the formation. In northern Ohio, early surveys (Newberry, 1873) assigned the lithologically similar strata of the Venice and Delaware to a single formation, the Sandusky Limestone. It was subsequently recognized by Swartz (1907) that the lower part (Venice) of the Sandusky contains brachiopods (e.g., Acrospirifer duodenarius, Paraspirifer acuminatus) comparable to the uppermost Columbus (Zone H) further south, prompting its correlation to that formation.
However, conodont data (Sparling, 1984) place at least the upper part of the Venice in the australis Zone, seemingly younger than upper Columbus strata in central Ohio.
Lateral facies variation (Fig. 1.5) between central (Columbus/Delaware) and north-central
Ohio (Sandusky), coupled with few complete sections in intermediate areas, has long obscured
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the fine scale correlation between these areas. Stratigraphic relationships at the base of the central Ohio succession are important for resolving correlations with the succession further to the north. In sections through the southern part of Delaware County, Stauffer (1909) noted that a basal bone bed and succeeding zones, obvious at Columbus, become harder to distinguish northward. The basal dark bituminous shales are seemingly missing and the lowest units instead are thin-bedded, brown limestones, though some similar faunal elements (Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare) are present within them. Stauffer assumed that the Dublin Member shales graded laterally into these limestones. As discussed below, careful observation indicates that these lower beds in fact lie below the bituminous shales, which occur with their typical fauna, higher in the section. With that recognized, all key Delaware units are traceable throughout the entire outcrop belt for the first time. Details of this south to north transect are discussed in the following sections.
1.5.3.1. Columbus/Delaware
Although the Delaware Formation was named for exposures near Delaware in central Ohio, most workers have effectively made the type sections those observed 20 to 30 km further south, along the Scioto River west of Columbus, Ohio. One of these, Slate Run, is shown in Figure 1.5.
This is somewhat unfortunate because, as discussed below, the basal unit, a key element in correlating the central and north-central regions, is reduced to a single bed at Columbus. The central Ohio succession can be divided into five units.
The basal unit (herein informally termed the Stratford member) generally consists of fine- grained, thin-bedded, brown, bioturbated dolomitic limestones. At Columbus it is condensed to
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Figure 1.5. Ohio stratigraphic sections and sequence stratigraphy. Sequences I and II are directly comparable with those of New York and Ontario. Key horizons are as follows: Bb2, Bb3 and Bb4 = bone beds 2, 3 and 4 of Wells (1944); Hadro. = Hadrophyllum bed, LC = Lewis Center bed. Plum Brk = Plum Brook Formation
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a 15 cm thick bed of crinoidal grainstone containing abundant fish bone material and brachiopods. Although this bone bed (2nd bone bed, Wells, 1944) has typically been assigned to the uppermost Columbus (Westgate and Fischer, 1933; Wells, 1944). Conkin and Conkin (1975) noted that the brachiopod fauna includes a mixture of Columbus (e.g., Acrospirifer duodenarius) and Delaware (e.g., Warrenella maia and ‘Mucrospirifer’ consobrinus) taxa.
The Stratford member expands northward, reaching an approximate thickness of 3 to 4 m near Delaware. Thickness differences may be due either to extreme condensation or submarine corrosion in the deeper parts of the basin to the south. The Stratford beds contain a fauna dominated by ‘Mucrospirifer’ consobrinus as well as a few representatives of
Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare, Leptaena, Warrenella, chonetids, and Tentaculites.
At Columbus the condensed basal unit is overlain by a thin (9 cm), tan, slightly sticky, clay- rich shale, the K-bentonite geochemically correlated to the Appalachian Basin Tioga-F
(DeSantis, 2005). This bed also contains abundant comminuted fish bones, and also likely represents a highly condensed horizon. The surface between it and the underlying bone bed is an irregular corrosion surface. This K-bentonite has not been definitively located elsewhere in the
Ohio outcrop belt. As noted previously, this bed appears to be equivalent to the Tioga-F K- bentonite at the base of the Marcellus subgroup in the Appalachian Basin. The Dublin Shale
Member (upper part of Zone I) overlies the K-bentonite at Slate Run. It comprises about 1.5 to 2 m of thin platy, bituminous, calcareous shale or argillaceous limestone interbedded with dark chert. The limited brachiopod-dominated fauna includes Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare,
‘Lingula’, Orbiculoidea, rare Ambocoelia, and Tentaculites. The facies suggests dysoxic
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conditions and stands in sharp contrast to the underlying limestones. At most localities the faunal transition between the Dublin and overlying units is gradational. As noted above, the
Dublin was not previously recognized north of the Columbus/Delaware area, but our field studies show that a similar but slightly more cherty facies persists above the Stratford member to the north (Welsh Run section, Figure 1.5).
The middle part of the Delaware Formation (Stauffer’s Zones J and K) comprises about 4.5 m of thin- to thick-bedded, greyish brown, fossiliferous mud- to wackestones, with chert horizons especially prevalent in the upper part. The interval contains a moderately diverse fauna including the brachiopods Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare (abundant in lowest beds), Leptaena,
Hallinetes, Longispina, Cupularostrum, and Warrenella, the bivalves Glyptodesma, Grammysia,
Aviculopecten, and Tentaculites. As with other Delaware divisions, fossils are generally concentrated in discrete horizons rather than disseminated throughout the unit.
The middle Delaware units are sharply and erosively overlain by a package of crinoid-rich limestone comprising three grainstones (L Zone of Stauffer, 1909) bracketing intermediate intervals of flaggy, slightly cherty wacke- to packstone. The total thickness of this interval expands northward, ranging from 30 cm at Columbus to 120 cm at Delaware. All three grainstone units contain abundant fish bone material and moderately diverse brachiopod assemblages. The lowest unit, herein called the Lewis Center bed (3rd bone bed of Wells, 1944) is a pyritiferous, coarsely granular, encrinal limestone up to 39 cm thick. It has a sharp, erosive base, locally incorporating large clasts of the underlying material. The diverse fauna includes fenestrate bryozoans, Stictopora, Lichenalia, brachiopods Rhipidomella (particularly abundant),
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Mediospirifer, Pseudoatrypa, Megastrophia, Strophodonta demissa, and proetid trilobites. At
Lewis Center (Fig. 1.5, section 2), where the bed is best developed, the lower part also includes abundant Favosites, Heliophyllum, Zaphrentis, and cystiphyllid corals. The middle grainstone
(Hadrophyllum bed) is 4 to 8 cm thick, and also has an erosive base. The fauna of this bed is generally less diverse than that of the Lewis Center bed, and includes auloporid corals,
Strophodonta demissa, Mediospirifer?, and Schizophoria?. The small rugose coral
Hadrophyllum is locally very abundant, primarily occurring in a coarse lag at the base of the bed.
At Lewis Center the two lower grainstones are separated by a thin interval of fine-grained, shaly limestone, however there is some evidence that the Hadrophyllum bed may locally erode down to the Lewis Center bed. The latter bed has not been located at Slate Run (Fig, 1.5, section 3) for example, but the Hadrophyllum bed there contains a diverse brachiopod fauna similar to the lower bed at Lewis Center. The ‘upper grainstone’ (4th bone bed of Wells, 1944) is thinner (1 to
5 cm) and often not as well developed as the lower grainstones. It contains a diverse fauna similar that of to the Lewis Center bed, although Rhipidomella is not as common. The underlying intervening limestone beds are fine grained wackestones with locally abundant
Pholidostrophia and Cupularostrum brachiopods.
The grainstones are overlain by up to 3 m of sparsely fossiliferous (rare bivalves, brachiopods and auloporids) thinly-bedded, grey to brown, micritic limestone and chert
(Stauffer’s M Zone). In places, these upper beds are progressively removed by the unconformity beneath the upper or lower Olentangy shales such that the grainstone beds lie close below the upper contact of Zone M.
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1.5.3.2. Bloomville
A quarry at Bloomville (Figure 1.5), Ohio provides an intermediate exposure between the central and north-central areas. Although the upper part of the section, including the crinoidal grainstones, has been removed by quarrying operations, they were at one time present and described by Stauffer (1909), and it is possible to resolve current exposures with his descriptions.
The lower part of the Delaware consists of about 5 m of medium grey, mud- to wackestone which overlies massive, beige, hummocky cross-laminated, pack- to grainstones, the Marblehead
Member of the Columbus Formation. The basal contact is marked by large, firm-ground burrows. The lower Delaware beds contain corals and brachiopods comparable to those in the
Venice Member to the north and the Stratford member to the south. Above the Stratford member is a 3.7 m interval of laminated calcisiltite with abundant chalky, burrow-replacement chert. The lower part of this interval is a 30 cm thick zone with interbedded seams of black fissile shale, probably equivalent to the Dublin Member. These are the highest beds exposed in the quarry.
However, Stauffer (1909) recorded about 11 feet 4 inches (3.5 m) of section above the cherty beds. A large part of this cherty zone is probably comparable to Zones J and K to the south.
Significantly, Stauffer reports a 2 foot (0.6 m) thick coral-rich zone (‘Unit 10’) about 2 feet
(0.6 m) below the top of the section. The reported fauna includes abundant Cystiphyllum vesiculosum as well as Zaphrentis, the blastoid Nucleocrinus venustus, brachiopods including
Rhipidomella, ‘Atrypa’, and Cupularostrum, and the ubiquitous Hamilton Group trilobite
Eldredgeops rana. The immediately underlying 1.5 m interval (‘Unit 9’) is described as splitting unevenly (bioturbated?) and carrying a rich fauna, including brachiopods Strophodonta demissa,
Protoleptostrophia, Leptaena, Pholidostrophia, Brevispirifer, Longispina, Cupularostrum, and
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‘Atrypa,’ and bivalves Aviculopecten and Glyptodesma, platycerid snails, and Tentaculites.
Although Stauffer did not note grainstone horizons within the interval, the fauna (absent
Hadrophyllum) suggests that one or both of the lower two grainstones is present within this interval. The coral bed is likely referable to the uppermost grainstone farther south as well as grainstones/bone beds near the top of the Delaware at Sandusky.
1.5.3.3. Sandusky
In north central Ohio, upper Columbus (Venice Member) and Delaware strata are well- exposed in two quarries southwest of Sandusky (Figure 1.5). In the first of these, at Venice, recent quarrying has exposed the entire Columbus Formation. However, only the lowermost 1.5 m of strata assigned to ‘Delaware’ is present, the rest removed by glacial erosion or quarrying.
The Venice Member comprises crinoidal mud- to wackestones with Brevispirifer and
Tentaculites in the lower part which pass upward into wacke- to packstones with Acrospirifer duodenarius, Paraspirifer acuminatus, Eridophyllum and cystiphyllid corals.
The Venice/Delaware contact at Venice is a pitted, hardground surface with pyrite-filled burrows and abundant crinoid holdfasts. This horizon is sharply overlain by 9 cm of dark, fissile calcareous shale (possible K-bentonite of Oliver, 1967), the lowest bed of a 60 cm interval of wackestones interbedded with calcareous shales. Above this are ~80 cm of thick-bedded non- cherty, crinoidal pack- to grainstone with Hadrophyllum corals and Leptaena. A section by
Stauffer (1909) indicates that an additional ~76 cm of dark, cherty limestone was once present here. Significantly, Stauffer reported the brachiopods Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare and
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Orbiculoidea from this limited section. These probably came from the upper cherty interval, which we suggest is correlative with the Dublin Member of central Ohio outcrops.
At Parkertown, the full thickness of the Venice and Delaware are exposed (Figure 1.5). Here the Delaware (not including the Venice Member/Stratford member) is 14.7 m thick (Sparling,
1988). The basal 2.1 m is similar to the Delaware section at the Venice quarry. This interval is overlain, in turn, by 7.7 m of argillaceous limestones with chert in the lower half and abundant carbonaceous layers in the upper portion (the Dublin Member equivalents). At the top of the section is a 4.9 m succession of fossiliferous limestone, with lower and upper fossiliferous limestone intervals bracketing finer grained limestones. A sharply based, 20 cm crinoidal grainstone/bone bed at about 9.8 m above the base of the Delaware is considered to be equivalent to either the Lewis Center bed or the Hadrophyllum bed (basal L Zone of Stauffer, 1909; 3rd bone bed of Wells, 1944) in the Delaware area. The bone bed is immediately overlain by a group of fossiliferous (brachiopods and cystiphyllid corals) wackestone, packstone and grainstone. Overall this 1.2 m interval of fossiliferous limestones likely correlates to the upper
Delaware grainstones to the south and, in turn, to the Chestnut Street submember, the Cherry
Valley Member and the Halihan Hill Bed in New York State. About 2 m of dark, pyritic, argillaceous dolostone overlying the fossiliferous interval may be equivalent to Stauffer’s Zone
M.
The upper 3 m presently exposed in the quarry consist of fossiliferous packstone and shaly limestone that we correlate with the “Blue beds” (units 1-6) of the lower Silica Shale of the
Toledo, Ohio area. Bartholomew and Brett (2007) correlate this interval with the Stafford-
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Mottville Members of the Skaneateles Formation in New York State, which is consistent with the conodont biostratigraphy. A 1.8 m interval about 13 meters above the base of the Delaware section at Parkertown, considered by Sparling (1996) as the uppermost beds of the Delaware, carries abundant Tropidoleptus carinatus and Devonochonetes cf. coronatus and appears to be equivalent to the Tropidoleptus-D. coronatus bed (bed 1) of the basal Silica Shale (Conkin,
1984) and the Swanville Member of the North Vernon Limestone in Indiana. The
Tropidoleptus-D. coronatus interval is overlain by packstones containing a diverse Hamilton type fauna of brachiopods, bryozoans and coral biostromes capped by a dark grey dolomitic bed with a corroded (hardground?) upper surface.
The hardground is overlain by a shaly limestone interval with Zoophycos bioturbation, abundant small chonetids and Mucrospirifer. This highest interval, identified by Sparling (1995) as the lower Plum Brook Shale and by Conkin (1984) as the ‘Silica Formation’, has yielded abundant conodonts (Sparling, 1995), including forms which may indicate the timorensis Zone.
Cystiphyllid corals are locally abundant in an uppermost 70-80 cm fossiliferous, silty wackestone in the quarry, which may correspond with Silica unit 6 or the upper limestone of the
Mottville Member (Bartholomew and Brett, 2007).
In summary, the upper Columbus and Delaware Formations in central Ohio comprise parts of two major depositional sequences recognized in the Marcellus subgroup in New York (Fig. 1.5).
The first sequence (Sequence I) includes the basal beds (lower Zone I and Venice Member at least in part), the Dublin Member and Zones J and K of Stauffer. The succeeding grainstones clearly indicate an abrupt shallowing and start of Sequence II. The sharp erosive base of each
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grainstone is inferred to be at least a minor (4th or higher order) sequence boundary. We suggest that these grainstone beds are coeval to the Chestnut Street submember, the Cherry Valley
Member and Halihan Hill Bed of New York. An uppermost coral-rich zone seen at Parkertown may be the equivalent of the Stafford-Mottville Members, lower Silica (Blue Limestone), lower
Plum Brook, and Rockport Quarry Limestone; beds which mark the start of Sequence III at the base of the post-Marcellus Hamilton Group.
1.6. Sequence Stratigraphy
In a sequence stratigraphic interpretation, the late-Eifelian to earliest Givetian (australis to hemiansatus conodont zones) Marcellus subgroup (Hamilton Group) of New York comprises two large scale (3rd-order) depositional sequences, (I) the upper Onondaga and Union Springs
Formations, and (II) the coeval Oatka Creek-Mount Marion Formations (Ver Straeten and Brett,
1995; Ver Straeten, 2007; Fig. 1.2). Each sequence is comprised of a sharply based, widespread, condensed limestone (early TST), overlain by a late TST through highstand succession (HST) predominantly of black and dark grey shale. The TST units of the upper Onondaga-Union
Springs sequence (Sequence I) consist of a retrogradational succession of crinoidal grainstones of the upper Moorehouse Member (Paraspirifer Zone), bioturbated wackestones of the Seneca
Member, Onondaga Formation, and dark grey styliolinid limestones and shales of the transition zone of the lower Union Springs Formation (Bakoven Member). The fossiliferous wacke- to grainstone of the Hurley Member (Chestnut Street submember in central-western New York), the styliolinid limestone of the Cherry Valley Member and lower shales of the East Berne Member form the TST of the Oatka Creek-Mount Marion cycle (Sequence II). The sharp, typically corroded contacts with bone-rich lags between the limestones and overlying black shales are
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interpreted to represent maximum starvation surfaces (MSS). These starvation surfaces are the flooding surfaces at the base Johnson et al.’s (1985) T-R cycles; thus the MSS of Sequence I
(base of Union Springs Formation) corresponds to the base T-R cycle Id and the MSS of
Sequence IIb (base of East Berne Member) corresponds to the base of T-R cycle Ie.
The 3rd-order sequences can be further subdivided into series of smaller scale (4th or 5th order) subsequences: Ia) Upper Moorehouse Member (Onondaga Fm.) to lower Stony Hollow
Member; Ib) middle-upper Stony Hollow Member; IIa) Hurley Member; IIb) Cherry Valley-East
Berne Members; IIc) Halihan Hill Bed to upper Solsville Member; IId) uppermost Solsville to
Cardiff-Pecksport Members and finally IIIa (in part) Stafford-Mottville limestone Members and overlying strata; recognized by Ver Straeten et al. (1994) and Brett and Baird (1996). Each subsequence, except for Ia and IIc, consists of a thin (0.2-2 m), widespread transgressive limestone (Chestnut Street submember, Halihan Hill Bed and Stafford-Mottville Member), overlain by a thicker succession of latest transgressive through highstand black/dark grey shale
(Bakoven, East Berne and Chittenango Members).
The major (3rd order) depositional sequences recognized in the middle Eifelian to early
Givetian in New York can be identified confidently in the age-equivalent strata of southwestern
Ontario subsurface and to the margin of the Michigan Basin. Even the smaller scale subsequences can be traced in drill core through the southern Ontario subsurface and all have apparent equivalents in the London-Sarnia area. Moreover, this area provides a bridging link to stratigraphically equivalent middle Eifelian to earliest Givetian strata in the Michigan basin.
There, two 3rd-order sequences, and even some of the smaller scale sequences can be recognized.
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For example, the coral bed and overlying rhynchonellid-bearing strata in the Bell Shale of northern Michigan appears to equate both with equivalent beds in Ontario and with the Halihan
Hill Bed and overlying Chittenango Member of New York.
Biostratigraphically-equivalent late Eifelian strata of Ohio, also exhibit two 3rd-order sequences, comparable to the upper Onondaga-Union Springs Formations and the Oatka Creek
Formation, and the smaller scale sequences also appear to be present, though are not as clearly recognized owing in part to erosional truncation of parts of the section. The Venice Member of the Columbus Formation in northern Ohio and the lower Delaware Formation (Stratford member) in central Ohio are approximately age-equivalent (australis to lower kockelianus zone) to the transition beds of the lower Bakoven Member of the Union Springs Formation (New York sequence I). The Venice Member (or lower Delaware) exhibits a back-stepping pattern typical of a transgressive systems tract. The sharp, typically corrosional contact with the overlying
Dublin Member of the Delaware is a maximum starvation surface, corresponding to the sharp contact of the transition beds with the shales of the lower Bakoven Member in New York. The generally shallowing upward pattern which follows is typical of a late highstand (regressive) interval. Thus Zones J and K of the Delaware are the counterpart of the Stony Hollow regression in New York. The sharp eroded contact of the Lewis Center bed in Ohio is interpreted as a sequence boundary probably equivalent to the sharp base of the Chestnut Street submember in the Appalachian Basin. The Hadrophyllum bed and upper grainstone probably correlate, respectively, to the Cherry Valley Member and Halihan Hill Bed.
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1.7. Faunal Comparisons
Given the sequence stratigraphic framework outlined above it is possible to consider, in detail, coeval faunas of the Appalachian Basin and the Midwestern carbonate ramp and platform.
Fig. 1.6 compares faunal composition in terms of holdover and carryover species (sensu Brett and Baird, 1995) for the Appalachian Basin and in the central Ohio carbonate platform.
Carryover is the percentage of species of a given fauna that persist into younger fauna(s).
Holdover is the percentage of species of a fauna that are derived from the previous fauna(s).
Several patterns can be recognized from these data. The Union Springs Formation records a major faunal turnover from the diverse, endemic Onondaga Fauna to the widespread incursion of new taxa. The majority (84%) of Onondaga species appear to become extinct, or at least extirpated locally, at the boundary with the Union Springs. Most of the upper Union Springs
Formation (Stony Hollow Member) is typified by a low-diversity fauna marking an incursion of species from the tropical Old World Realm (OWR) of northwestern areas of Laurentia (Koch
1979), including the Stony Hollow brachiopods Variatrypa arctica, Pentamerella cf. P. wintereri, Emanuella, and Warrenella. This fauna shows many similarities with the fauna in the coeval upper australis to kockelianus Zone Rogers City Formation in the Michigan Basin.
Approximately 58% of brachiopod genera are shared between these assemblages. A similar pattern is detected in coeval rocks in the sub-surface of southwestern Ontario, where all of the condensed limestones and dark shales seen in the Appalachian Basin can now be recognized, and where corresponding changes occur in the faunas. However, detailed faunal comparison cannot be made at this time because of the limited sampling afforded by core samples.
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,
Figure 1.6. Comparison of carryover and holdover indices between faunas from a) New York (data from Brett and Baird, 1995) and b) Ohio (data from Stauffer, 1909). C = carryover species, H = holdover species, E = local extinction/extirpation of species within or at the top of stratigraphic interval. See explanation in text. Faunas: Hamilton fauna includes taxa that first appear in the Halihan Hill Bed of the Oatka Creek-Mount Marion Formation and extend to the top of the Hamilton Group. Stony Hollow fauna includes benthic taxa from the Stony Hollow and Hurley Members. Onondaga includes taxa from the Edgecliff through Seneca Members. Ohio data are from Stauffer (1909). Columbus fauna includes taxa of Zones A through H. Delaware fauna includes taxa of Zones I through M. Traverse fauna comprises taxa from platform equivalents of the post-Marcellus Hamilton Group, including the lower Olentangy Formation (central Ohio), and the Plum Brook and Silica Formations of northern Ohio.
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The base of the Delaware (in sequence I) also coincides with a major loss in species diversity. Some 78.5% percent of taxa found within the underlying Columbus Formation do not carry over into the lower Delaware. This turnover event, at approximately the costatus-australis zonal boundary, and the base of the Venice Member (and correlative Stratford member to the south), coincides with the major local loss of diversity in the coeval upper Onondaga-Union
Springs transition. However, the percent of species carrying over from the upper Columbus
(Marblehead Member and Zone H) into the overlying Venice Member and equivalent Stratford member in Ohio is higher. Taxa such as Acrospirifer duodenarius and ‘Spirifer’ varicosus, which do not appear above the Onondaga Formation anywhere in New York, evidently persisted into the australis Zone in the midcontinent, although apparently not higher. In addition, these taxa are mixed with newly appearing forms including Warrenella maia, Schizophoria sp., and
‘Mucrospirifer’ consobrinus that typify the overlying upper Delaware.
The dysoxic black Dublin shale (Zone I) facies of the Delaware Formation (the late TST to early highstand unit of Sequence I) of the australis to kockelianus Zone in central Ohio carries a low diversity, rhynchonellid brachiopod-dominated fauna remarkably similar to the fauna in the correlative Bakoven Member of the Union Springs sequence in New York. The more oxic argillaceous limestone facies of the overlying Zones J and K of the Delaware, however, contains long-ranging Eifelian-Givetian taxa (e.g., Strophodonta demissa, Rhipidomella vanuxemi), and unique Delaware taxa (e.g., Warrenella maia, Schizophoria sp., ‘Mucrospirifer’ consobrinus).
Although this Delaware Fauna shows some similarities to the distinct Stony Hollow Fauna of
New York (e.g., shared possession of Leptaena, Warrenella, and Schizophoria, which do not
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generally occur in overlying Hamilton strata) surprisingly many typical Stony Hollow taxa (e.g.,
Variatrypa, Pentamerella cf. P. wintereri, Dechenella haldemani are not known from either the
Delaware or equivalent Dundee in Ontario. These distributions are problematic given that these
Stony Hollow taxa do occur in the more distant Michigan Basin. Moreover, a higher proportion of the older Columbus-Onondaga taxa, including many species (e.g., brachiopods Rhipidomella vanuxemi, Leptaena ‘rhomboidalis’, Megastrophia concava, Pholidostrophia,
Protoleptostrophia perplana, Protodouvillina inequistriata, Stophodonta demissa, and corals
Cystiphylloides, Eridophyllum, Heterophrentis) never observed in the Union Springs of New
York, are present in the Delaware of Ohio. These observations suggest that the environmental changes were less severe in the midcontinent than in the adjacent basins and/or that a higher proportion of shallow-water taxa persisted. Many of these Delaware species, particularly the strophomenid brachiopods, carry over into the higher Hamilton Group. The Ohio carbonate ramp environments may have provided a refuge for shallow water taxa during a time of major extinction in the foreland basin.
A second major faunal turnover in the Appalachian Basin, involves a nearly total loss of the
Stony Hollow Fauna with the onset of black shales of the East Berne Member. The diverse and relatively stable Hamilton Fauna, which contains a mixture of endemic Appalachian Basin taxa
(mainly holdovers from the Onondaga) and newly immigrated species from the OWR Rhenish-
Bohemian area (Koch, 1978), then makes an abrupt appearance in the Halihan Hill Bed of the
Oatka Creek Formation (Brett and Baird, 1995, 1996) (Fig. 1.2).
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As discussed previously, the Lewis Center and Hadrophyllum beds in the Delaware
Formation in Ohio, tentatively placed in the kockelianus Zone, are thought to correlate to the
Chestnut Street submember and Cherry Valley Member of New York. The overlying upper grainstone (4th bone bed) may represent the Halihan Hill Bed. These upper Delaware beds show a diverse fauna rich in the small rugosan Hadrophyllum and other corals, orthid and strophomenid brachiopods, and bryozoans. Nearly all of the species are found in the higher
Hamilton Group throughout eastern Laurentia. Moreover, very few lower Delaware or Union
Springs taxa are present. This change reflects the incursion of the Hamilton Fauna into the
Appalachian Basin. However, in the mid-west, the magnitude of faunal turnover is significantly less than seen in the Appalachian Basin because the lower Delaware fauna is not as discrete as the Stony Hollow Fauna of New York, but rather, shows a higher proportion of long-ranging taxa.
1.8. Correlation with the Ka ák Events
Conodont and ammonoid evidence suggests that the East Berne Member corresponds with the main black shale phase of the Ka ák Event observed in Europe and North Africa. The abrupt change from limestone to black shale at the Cherry Valley-East Berne contact (and the loss the of
Stony Hollow fauna) would equate to the Lower Ka ák Event (L’Ei 1 Event of Walliser, 1996;
Schöne, 1997). The base of the Halihan Hill Bed should correspond to the extinction level (L’Ei
2 Event) near the top of the Ka ák Event interval. The Hamilton Fauna would then be a post event fauna, possibly entering within the topmost event interval.
49
Interestingly, the major Appalachian Basin benthic faunal overturn (Onondaga-Stony
Hollow) entirely precedes the main Ka ák Event interval. The local loss of the Onondaga fauna at the base of Union Springs appears primarily to be a regional phenomenon related in part to tectonic deepening of the Appalachian Foreland Basin superposed over regular eustatic sea level rise. On the other hand, the Stony Hollow faunal incursion in the kockelianus conodont Zone has a widespread signature across eastern Laurentia (Koch and Day, 1996), which is associated with the sea level rise corresponding to TR cycle Ie of Johnson et al. (1985). Koch and Boucot (1982) and Boucot (1990) suggested that these incursions were due to changes in water circulation patterns and a lowering of the climate gradient, resulting in migration of warmer water faunas into the Appalachian Basin. Given that all of these factors are potentially global in scale, it is not unreasonable to expect that they might also have a signature outside of Laurentia. Indeed this lower ‘Stony Hollow Event’ roughly correlates to the Ka ák-otomari level defined by Truyóls-
Massoni et al. (1990) and the otomari ‘a’ horizon of Walliser (1990), and may correlate to other stages leading up to the Ka ák Event interval.
In summary, we return to questions posed in the introduction. With respect to the issue of synchroneity, it does appear that synchronous changes occur at two levels, the bases of two major sequences, throughout the Appalachian Basin and westward onto the carbonate platform.
The first is near the costatus-australis Zone boundary and the second is in the upper part of the kockelianus Zone. However, the change between the lower and upper Delaware faunas is not as discrete as between the coeval Stony Hollow and Hamilton faunas, both because fewer of the distinct OWR taxa appear in the Delaware and because a higher proportion of endemic taxa persisted there than in the Appalachian Basin. As a result, the distinctive ecological-
50
evolutionary sub-units observed in the Appalachian Basin are not as clearly observed in the adjacent cratonward carbonate platform. That said, the widespread and relatively abrupt nature of these faunal changes suggest that they reflect regional, if not global events.
In western-central New York, new faunas appear abruptly within widespread condensed beds at the TSTs of some 4th- or higher order sequences, although correlations with thicker/shallower sections in eastern New York indicate that faunal overturns actually occurred during periods of widespread dysoxia associated with preceding highstands. For example, the Stony Hollow
Fauna comes in to the Appalachian Basin during the highstand of New York Sequence Ib, but only becomes abundant in the shallow-water, relatively clastic-starved deposits of the Chestnut
Street submember (basal TST of Sequence IIa). It is notable that thin intervals of dysoxic sediment also persist into the midcontinent and are associated with similar faunal changes. A combination of dysoxia and climatic change are most probable causes of these widespread changes.
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CHAPTER 2: Reassessment of Middle Devonian Tioga K-bentonite correlations between
the Appalachian Basin and the Midcontinent: new insights from apatite trace element
fingerprinting
Abstract
The Middle Devonian Tioga K-bentonites have long been recognized as potentially valuable marker beds and regional correlation tools. Despite nearly fifty years of study, regional correlations of specific Tioga beds remain tenuous, particularly between proximal (Appalachian
Basin: New York and Pennsylvania) and distal (Wabash Platform: Ohio and Indiana) areas.
However, recently developed methods of geochemical fingerprinting offer new insights into these old problems. Based on litho- and biostratigraphic criteria, samples of the Tioga B and F beds were collected from six Appalachian Basin localities and compared with reported Tioga B and F beds from central Ohio and northeastern Indiana using the REE chemistry of included apatite phenocrysts.
The Tioga B and F beds are readily distinguishable from each other at all of the sampled
Appalachian Basin localities. Despite showing lithologic evidence for incorporation of at least two or three ashfall events these beds exhibit little variation in apatite REE chemistry over a distance of 460 km. Light and heavy REEs (La-Nd, Tb-Lu) are the best discriminators. In this range, chondrite-normalized REE plots show a distinct separation between the two beds, with considerable intra- but no interbed overlap of mean values at the 95% confidence level. Overall, the Ohio sample shows a fingerprint identical to that of the Appalachian Basin Tioga F. The
Indiana sample has a signature distinctly different from the Appalachian Basin Tioga B, indicating that existing correlations with that bed should be revised
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2.1. Introduction
For the past half century, the Middle Devonian Tioga K-bentonites (altered volcanic ash beds) have been recognized as useful markers and regional correlation tools. Originally documented from subsurface occurrences in the Pennsylvania Tioga gas field (Fettke, 1952),
"the Tioga" was initially thought to consist of a single horizon. Subsequently, there has been increasing recognition that the Tioga includes a number of different, widespread K-bentonite beds. Many of these have been correlated around the Appalachian Basin. However, almost all work to date is based on their bulk mineralogy and/or stratigraphic patterns – characteristics that can be highly variable due to differences in original extent and subsequent reworking (Ver
Straeten, 2004). In recent years geochemical fingerprinting techniques have shown enormous potential for refining correlations of volcanic ashes/bentonites/K-bentonites over wide regions.
This study expands on the method of Shaw (2003) to show that the Tioga B and F K- bentonites can be chemically differentiated from one another based on rare earth element (REE) geochemistry. Geochemical fingerprinting is also used to re-evaluate existing stratigraphically- based correlations of two Midcontinent K-bentonite horizons with those of the Appalachian
Basin.
2.2. Tioga K-Bentonite Stratigraphy
The Tioga K-bentonites were deposited over an area that was at least 264,180 km2 in extent across the Appalachian Basin and adjacent Wabash Platform, as well as in the Michigan and
Illinois Basins (Figure 2.1). Understanding of the Tioga succession has progressed from recognition of a single horizon to a Tioga Zone comprising two distinct K-bentonite clusters: the
53
Figure 2.1. Middle Devonian paleogeography of eastern North America. Circles show the distribution of Tioga K-bentonite localities. Filled circles indicate outcrop exposures, open circles indicate subsurface (well or core) locations. Data compiled from Droste and Vitaliano (1973), Baltrusatis (1974), Dennison and Textoris (1978) and Collins (1979). Sample localities referred to in text: JMV = Jamesville Quarry, OKW = Oakwood Quarry, WQ = Woods Quarry, SEN = Seneca Stone Quarry, HF = Honeoye Falls Quarry, MPL = Mapleton Glass Sand Quarry, SLR = Slate Run, and WBN = Woodburn Quarry. See Table 2.1 for K- bentonite horizons sampled at each locality.
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middle coarse zone (MCZ) of the southern Appalachian Basin, and the slightly younger and more widespread Tioga A-G cluster of the northern Appalachian Basin (Ver Straeten, 2004).
Details of the latter were first characterized in detail by Smith and Way (1983) and Way et al.
(1986), who demonstrated that the Tioga includes at least seven major horizons. These beds were designated A-G, in ascending stratigraphic order, each with characteristic mineralogy and a relative stratigraphic position traceable throughout the Onondaga (formerly Buttermilk Falls, see
Ver Straeten and Brett, 2006 for details of stratigraphic revision) and lower Marcellus
Formations of central Pennsylvania. For consistency, Way et al.’s (1986) terminology will be used throughout the rest of this paper.
Ver Straeten et al. (1994) reported that as many as eight Tioga ash beds of the A-G cluster may be present within the upper Onondaga and Union Springs Formations across western and central New York, although most horizons appear as thin shaly partings. In New York the two most prominent and consistently well-preserved Tioga horizons occur at the base of the Seneca
Member of the Onondaga Formation and within the lower Union Springs Formation, either resting on or slightly above the contact with the subjacent Onondaga (Figure 2.2). Ver Straeten et al. (1994) suggested that these correlate, respectively, with the Tioga B and Tioga F, the two thickest beds in the Pennsylvania outcrop belt.
Numerous isolated late Eifelian K-bentonite horizons are also reported from the
Midcontinent shelf and platform sediments of Ohio (Oliver, 1967; Collins, 1979; Dennison and
Textoris, 1987) and Indiana (Droste and Vitaliano, 1973; Doheny et al., 1975), as well as from the Michigan Basin (Baltrusaitis, 1974). These occur primarily in the subsurface (Fig 2.1), with
55
a few isolated outcrop exposures. The Midcontinent occurrences have been generally correlated with the ‘Tioga Zone’, or often specifically with the Tioga B horizon of the Appalachian Basin.
The former is too general for high resolution correlations, as the ‘Tioga Zone’ spans strata equivalent to the lower Moorehouse Member through lowest Union Springs Formation in the
New York section (Ver Straeten 2004; Fig 2.2). The latter interpretation, though now deeply ingrained in the literature, has been challenged in some cases based on detailed litho- and biostratigraphy (Conkin and Conkin, 1984; Sparling, 1988).
2.3 Geochemical Fingerprinting
Geochemical fingerprinting techniques may provide a more robust test of correlations between widely scattered exposures. This is particularly important for regional studies where, due to vagaries in deposition and preservation, only a few (and not necessarily the same) ash beds may be preserved at any given locality, especially as the distance from the source increases.
Fingerprinting studies have evolved over the years from characterizing clay (Weaver, 1956;
Collins, 1979) and/or phenocryst mineralogy (Dennison and Textoris, 1970, 1978; Droste and
Vitaliano, 1973; Roen and Hosterman, 1982) to evaluating whole rock geochemistry (Huff,
1983; Kolata et al., 1987; Huff and Kolata, 1989, 1990), and most recently, to chemical analysis of volcanogenic phenocrysts such as quartz, zircon, apatite, and biotite (e.g., Sampson et al,.
1988; Batchelor and Clarkson, 1993; Waechter, 1993; Hanson et al., 1996; Shaw, 2003; Huff et al,. 2004). Phenocryst-based fingerprinting studies have the best potential for correlating over long distances because explosively erupted ashes tend to have uniform composition of
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Figure 2.2. High wall of Hanson Aggregates Inc. – Oakwood Quarry at Oakwood, NY showing typical exposure of the Tioga K-bentonites in the west-central New York region sampled for this study. The Tioga B forms a prominent 15 cm notch separating the Moorehouse and Seneca Members of the Onondaga Formation. The rusty streaks are due to weathering of pyrite contained within the bed. The Tioga F occurs in the lower part of the Union Springs Formation at approximately the top of the high wall and is exposed (see inset) in a different wall of the quarry, to the right of the main view.
57
phenocryst species, and because the phenocrysts are less subject to post-depositional alteration than whole rock samples. Such studies have been successfully used to correlate Paleozoic K- bentonites ranging in age from Ordovician to Devonian both on a regional scale as well as between widely separated areas.
Two previous fingerprinting studies have focused on the Tioga A-G beds. Waechter (1993) examined the chemical composition of volcanic glass inclusions in quartz phenocrysts to test existing correlations within Pennsylvania. That study supported previous lithostratigraphically- based correlation hypotheses between some of the localities for two of the beds (B and F), but also suggested that at least one of the stratigraphic correlations may have been incorrect.
Unfortunately, due to the rarity of inclusion-bearing quartz, data could not be obtained for all of the beds at any given locality, reducing the utility of this method.
Shaw (2003) outlined a method of analyzing the REE composition of populations of apatite phenocrysts from each sample. This technique holds much promise, as apatite seems to be a common component in many of the Tioga beds. Using this method, he showed that Tioga B has a consistent geochemical signature across the Pennsylvania outcrop belt, as well as in New York.
However, he did not evaluate any of the other Tioga beds. The utility of fingerprinting techniques ultimately depends on characterizing both: 1) the amount of variation within a single bed -- does each bed have a consistent fingerprint? and 2) the amount of variation between beds -
- is each fingerprint unique?
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2.4 Methods
2.4.1. Sample Collection
Representative samples of the Tioga B and Tioga F K-bentonites were collected from six
Appalachian Basin localities (Fig. 2.1, Table 2.1) spanning a distance of 460 km. The B and F horizons were chosen because they are the thickest, and consistently the best preserved within the region. Lithostratigraphic control is very good, with both beds exposed at four of the six localities and little doubt as to position of the sampled bed at the other two sites. Single K- bentonites were also sampled from two Midcontinent sites for comparison with those of the
Appalachian Basin. At each location weathered material was scraped away to expose fresh material prior to collection of 1-3 kg bulk samples.
Table 2.1. Sampling localities and ID codes for Tioga K-bentonite samples Sample ID Bed Location HFF F Hanson Quarries – Rochester, Honeoye Falls, NY HFB B SENF F Seneca Stone Quarry, Canoga Springs, NY SENB B OKWF F Hanson Quarries – Oakwood, Oakwood, NY OKWB B WQF F Woods Quarry (abandoned), Union Springs, NY JMVB B Hanson Quarries – Jamesville, Jamesville, NY MPLF F Mapleton Glass Sand Quarry, Mapleton, PA MPLB B SLR F? Slate Run, Columbus, OH WBN B? Woodburn Quarry, Woodburn, IN
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2.4.2. Sample Preparation
In the laboratory, 100 to 500 gm of bulk sample were suspended in water using a blender, and the slurry was sieved through 60- and 200-mesh polymer screens. Indurated samples were gently ground by hand using a ceramic mortar and pestle prior to wet-sieving. Screens were washed, dried, blown with compressed air, and examined between samples to avoid cross- contamination. The 200-mesh fraction was heavy-liquid separated using bromoform (Sp. G.
2.85). The separated light and heavy fractions were rinsed repeatedly with acetone and air- dried. The heavy mineral fraction was then passed through a Franz magnetic separator. The non-magnetic fraction (including apatite and zircon) was further separated using methylene iodide (Sp. G. 3.3), rinsed again with acetone and air-dried. Apatite is concentrated in the light fraction of this separation (Figure 2.3). Finally, individual apatite phenocrysts, averaging 180
m in length and 100 m in width, were hand-picked under a binocular microscope and transferred to polyethylene bottles for analysis. An effort was made to pick clean, unbroken, euhedral crystals.
2.4.3. Analytical Method
Apatite phenocrysts were analyzed using a technique modified slightly from that outlined by
Shaw (2003). The primary difference was that the apatites were dissolved in a smaller volume of acid, thus increasing the solution concentration. This allowed for a shorter analysis time while still maintaining good counting statistics. Each apatite was dissolved in 1 ml of 0.5% ultrapure
(Optima grade) nitric acid matrix spiked with 10 ppb each of Sc, Ga, In, Cs, Re, and Bi as internal standards. All samples were analyzed for Ca, P, Y, REEs, and other trace elements by
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Figure 2.3. A) Heavy mineral separates from Tioga B K-bentonite sampled at Seneca Stone Quarry and B) Apatite phenocrysts concentrated from the Tioga F K-bentonite sampled at the Honeoye Falls Quarry (B and inset). Abbreviations ap = apatite, zr = zircon.
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Perkin-Elmer Elan 6000 and 6100 instruments located in the Microscopic Analysis and Research
Center (MARC) at Ohio State University. A blank and a mid-range calibration standard were analyzed after every ten samples.
Intensity data were converted to parts per billion (ppb) using a series of standard solutions made from a powdered apatite standard provided by Dr. George Shaw. Standard concentrations were chosen to bracket the range of trace element concentrations observed within the dissolved apatite samples.
2.4.4. Data Treatment
Raw Y and REE solution concentration values were transformed to a percentage of the sum of element concentrations within the sample. This transformation conserves the relative proportion of element concentrations within a given sample, but reduces the effect of differing phenocryst size and the resulting variation in solution concentration among samples. Sample Y and REE values were normalized to chondrite data from Anders and Grevesse (1989). Chondrite values were also percent-transformed prior to normalization. Mean normalized values of the apatites from each bed are presented in Table 2.2. The full set of REE data for individual phenocrysts is included in Appendix A.
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Table 2.2. Mean chondrite-normalized REE data for apatites collected from Tioga K-bentonites Bed Tioga B _ Tioga F _ Wabash Platform _ Sample JMVB OKWB SENB HFB MPLB WQF OKWF SENF HFF MPLF SLR WBN n.o.a. (8) (7) (10) (12) (10) (10) (10) (10) (9) (9) (8) (5) Y 0.926(54) 0.934(15) 0.869(66) 0.933(21) 0.905(80) 0.493(42) 0.521(34) 0.491(45) 0.498(55) 0.505(58) 0.536(59) 0.575(48)
La 0.844(84) 0.795(30) 0.906(111) 0.797(39) 0.840(118) 1.550(105) 1.527(89) 1.591(204) 1.528(143) 1.571(142) 1.533(189) 1.458(106)
Ce 0.967(82) 0.954(30) 1.061(108) 0.941(50) 1.007(118) 1.723(137) 1.718(65) 1.741(142) 1.788(130) 1.690(112) 1.593(131) 1.540(122)
Pr 1.169(88) 1.147(23) 1.254(113) 1.171(55) 1.202(123) 1.903(60) 1.825(58) 1.869(94) 1.827(76) 1.867(89) 1.859(107) 1.782(61)
Nd 1.360(94) 1.351(23) 1.460(111) 1.359(37) 1.369(130) 1.977(31) 1.972(50) 1.965(54) 1.931(58) 2.005(73) 1.998(51) 1.934(46)
Sm 1.346(33) 1.371(9) 1.402(43) 1.394(57) 1.383(37) 1.418(47) 1.408(21) 1.405(53) 1.387(46) 1.433(36) 1.449(62) 1.450(34)
Eu 0.089(3) 0.097(7) 0.087(3) 0.101(8) 0.111(28) 0.110(11) 0.094(7) 0.108(12) 0.100(10) 0.096(8) 0.122(21) 0.110(7)
Gd 1.221(9) 1.218(11) 1.225(29) 1.243(53) 1.293(19) 1.051(46) 1.028(26) 1.041(48) 1.034(46) 1.102(50) 1.093(93) 1.076(36)
Tb 1.171(35) 1.200(19) 1.154(62) 1.208(44) 1.196(54) 0.822(56) 0.801(36) 0.810(57) 0.805(64) 0.813(63) 0.839(77) 0.866(52)
Dy 1.132(54) 1.152(20) 1.081(77) 1.152(27) 1.115(71) 0.705(57) 0.679(37) 0.697(61) 0.693(71) 0.673(66) 0.708(71) 0.750(57)
Ho 1.138(56) 1.150(15) 1.071(83) 1.145(31) 1.101(81) 0.685(58) 0.647(38) 0.680(63) 0.672(70) 0.634(67) 0.672(69) 0.750(58)
Er 0.891(55) 0.905(17) 0.819(75) 0.890(41) 0.855(75) 0.507(47) 0.476(30) 0.502(49) 0.501(57) 0.462(53) 0.492(49) 0.539(47)
Tm 0.824(59) 0.837(22) 0.738(82) 0.814(51) 0.780(80) 0.428(42) 0.404(28) 0.420(46) 0.423(49) 0.389(47) 0.416(42) 0.461(43)
Yb 0.615(50) 0.624(22) 0.544(68) 0.607(48) 0.584(64) 0.313(33) 0.288(20) 0.305(31) 0.307(38) 0.279(32) 0.293(30) 0.328(30)
Lu 0.503(40) 0.507(18) 0.440(53) 0.493(41) 0.470(54) 0.255(24) 0.232(17) 0.247(27) 0.249(30) 0.220(29) 0.242(26) 0.268(24) n.o.a. = number of phenocrysts analyzed per sample. 1 variation given as last significant digit(s) in parentheses.
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2.5. Results and Discussion
2.5.1. Comparison of Appalachian Basin Tioga B and F samples
Chondrite-normalized Y, REE plots for the Appalachian Basin samples are given in
Figure 2.4. Error bars bracket ±2 standard deviations around the mean values. Apatite populations that do not overlap at this level are distinct with ~95% confidence.
The Tioga B and F K-bentonites are clearly distinguishable from each other by the pattern of enrichment/depletion of elements. The Tioga B is about 150 to 200% enriched in Y and the HREEs (Gd – Lu) and depleted by a similar margin in the LREEs (La-Nd) relative to the
Tioga F samples. Both beds exhibit a prominent negative Eu anomaly, probably due to Eu partitioning to feldspar within the parent magma (Haskin and Schmitt, 1967), and also in part to the lower compatibility of Eu in apatite relative to the other REEs (Watson and Green,
1981). Both beds overlap for Sm and Eu and to a lesser degree for Gd; thus, these three elements are poor discriminators. The pattern of REE enrichment/depletion underscores a potential problem with evaluating REE ratios as Shaw (2003) did, because ratios can mask significant chemical differences between horizons. For example, the slopes of curves for both the Tioga B and F are generally sub-parallel for La-Nd and Gd-Lu. Thus ratios derived from REE pairs in this range will indicate only a minor separation between the beds. The greatest difference between the two K-bentonites consistently occurs between Nd-Sm and
Gd-Tb.
The Tioga B is generally more variable than the Tioga F for all of the REEs except La and Ce. In fact in all of the samples, La and Ce both exhibit a slightly broader range of variation than the other REEs. Shaw’s (2003) Tioga B data (see his Table 3 and Fig. 4) show a similar phenomenon, with La/Ce and Ce/Pr suggesting greater intra-bed variation than do other REE ratios. This variation may be due to differences in chemistry
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Figure 2.4. Plot of chondrite-normalized Y, REE data for samples from the Appalachian Basin. Tioga B samples are indicated by squares and Tioga F samples by triangles. The number of phenocrysts analyzed for each sample is indicated in parentheses. Error bars bracket two standard deviations around the mean. Dark grey (Tioga B) and light grey (Tioga F) shading outlines the range of concentrations from each bed.
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within the magma chamber, grain size sorting effects during eruption, or post-depositional alteration. In sample SENB the mean REE values for La through Nd, lie slightly above the main
Tioga B trend. Analyses of individual grains within this sample, as discussed below, shows that it comprises at least two chemically distinct phenocryst populations.
2.5.2. Evidence for Condensation of Multiple Eruptive Events
Volcanic ashes are often touted as the ideal example of a single-event marker horizon.
However, there is increasing evidence that many of these beds may in fact record the condensation of two or more eruptive events (e.g., Huff et al., 1999; Ver Straeten, 2004). For example the Tioga B shows evidence for a complex depositional history including thin fossil layers, authigenic mineralization, and an internal stratigraphy suggesting the condensation of at least three eruptive events (Baird et al., 1994; Ver Straeten, 2004).
Trace element fingerprinting of multiple individual phenocrysts from a single bed may be used to distinguish multiple eruptive events, provided that the record of each event has a distinct chemical signature. For example, in a chondrite-normalized plot (Fig. 2.5A) of all of the apatites analyzed from the Tioga B at Mapleton, one phenocryst is clearly distinct from all of the others.
In addition to the overall enrichment in LREE and depletion in HREE, the ratios of Nd/Sm and
Gd/Tb are the main difference between the outlier and the rest of the phenocrysts.
Is this a single occurrence, and thus perhaps a result of cross-contamination, or is it part of a larger pattern? Figure 2.5B shows the plotted ratios Nd/Sm against Gd/Tb for all of the phenocrysts analyzed for this study. The Tioga B data show four outliers (greater than 2
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MPLB-10
MPLB-10
Figure 2.5. A) Chondrite-normalized plot of individual apatite phenocrysts from Tioga B K-bentonite at the Mapleton, PA site showing REE signature of MPLB-10, an outlier phenocryst. B) Bivariate diagram of Nd/Sm versus Gd/Tb for all Appalachian Basin Tioga B (squares) and Tioga F (triangles) apatites. Shaded areas outline fields 2 standard deviations from the mean values. Note position of MPLB- 10 outlier.
67
standard deviations) from three separate localities. The Mapleton example discussed above lies the furthest away from the main Tioga B cluster. The other three, from the Seneca and
Jamesville localities, are very similar to each other, suggesting that they originated from the same eruption. Analysis of Shaw’s (2003) data indicates that similar outliers, though comparatively rare, are present in most of the Pennsylvania localities as well.
The Tioga F signature is generally noisier than that of Tioga B, particularly for the LREEs, thus evaluation of multiple events is less conclusive. Nonetheless, Figure 2.5B shows nine phenocrysts comprising two separate groups that fall beyond 2 standard deviations of the mean.
Waechter's (1993) glass inclusion data also show two distinct clusters within Tioga F samples from four separate localities. These data suggest that this bed may also incorporate more than one event. It is important to note that even with the outliers included, there is no chemical overlap between the Tioga B and F horizons.
2.5.3. Evaluation of Midcontinent K-bentonites
Despite nearly fifty years of study, regional correlations of specific Tioga beds are still not well resolved, particularly between proximal (Appalachian Basin) and distal (Wabash Platform and Michigan Basin) areas. Two Midcontinent K-bentonites considered to be correlative to the
Tioga, from Columbus, OH (Slate Run) and from Woodburn, Indiana were therefore analyzed to evaluate existing correlations with the Appalachian Basin. These are located ~550 and 650 km, respectively, from the closest Appalachian Basin locality.
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2.5.3.1. Slate Run (Columbus, OH)
This K-bentonite is an 8-cm thick tan calcareous shale located at the base of the Dublin Shale
Member of the Delaware Formation at Slate Run. A similar calcareous shale horizon, also purported to be "the Tioga" (Oliver, 1967), occurs at the base of the Delaware Formation in northern Ohio. The basal Delaware ash bed was initially correlated with the Tioga B horizon of the Appalachian Basin (Oliver, 1967; Rickard, 1984). However, that correlation was challenged by Sparling (1985, 1988) and by Conkin and Conkin (1984), based on conodont and brachiopod biostratigraphy they thought it was more likely the Tioga F.
Figure 2.6A shows the chondrite-normalized signature of the Slate Run ash bed superimposed on the Appalachian Basin Tioga data. The REE signature falls in the middle of the range of variation of the Appalachian Basin Tioga F, suggesting correlation with that bed
(Fig. 2.7). This corroborates Sparling’s (1985, 1988) and Conkin and Conkin’s (1984) interpretation and is also more consistent with recent sequence stratigraphic-based correlations between these areas (Chapter 1; DeSantis et al., 2007; Ver Straeten, 2007).
2.5.3.2. Woodburn Quarry (Woodburn, Indiana)
The sampled K-bentonite is an 8-cm clay-rich horizon forming a prominent notch in the upper part of the Detroit River Formation (Cranberry Marsh Member of Doheny et al., 1975) about 3.4 m below the contact with the fossiliferous limestones of the Traverse Formation
(Figure 2.7). This horizon has been identified in a number of drill cores across northern Indiana, and all have typically been correlated with the Tioga B horizon of the Appalachian Basin (Droste and Vitaliano, 1973, Droste and Shaver, 1975; Doheny et al., 1975; Conkin and Conkin, 1984;
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Dennison and Textoris, 1987), although this interpretation is not without controversy (see
Baltrusatis, 1974, 1975). Comparison of the REE signature of the Woodburn K-bentonite with those of the Appalachian Basin samples (Figure 2.6B) shows that the Woodburn sample is clearly chemically distinct from the Tioga B, thus its previous correlation with that horizon is incorrect and needs to be re-evaluated. However, if it is not the Tioga B, what is it?
Although the Woodburn sample shows an REE signature similar to that of the Tioga F, unlike the Slate Run sample it occurs nearer to the edge of the Tioga F data range rather than the middle. Moreover, correlation with the Tioga F would place the upper Detroit River Formation coeval with the Delaware Formation of Ohio and the Union Springs Formation of New York, seemingly too young based on existing bio- and sequence stratigraphic evidence (DeSantis et al.,
2007). This leaves several possibilities, all of which remain to be tested.
First, Baltrusatis (1974, 1975) suggested that, due to erosion of younger strata on the flank of the Kankankee Arch, the northern Indiana K-bentonites are an older horizon than the Tioga B.
In the Appalachian Basin, beds of the Middle Coarse Zone (MCZ) and the Tioga A horizon underlie the Tioga B. Biostratigraphic evidence argues against correlation with the MCZ K- bentonites. The upper Detroit River Formation falls within the Polygnathus costatus conodont
Zone (Orr, 1971) which in New York spans the Nedrow through Seneca members of the
Onondaga Formation (see Fig 2.2). However, early? forms of the conodont Icriodus angustus occur below the K-bentonite in the upper Detroit River Formation (Droste and Shaver, 1975).
Although I. angustus has not been found in the Appalachian outcrop, it is thought to range no lower than strata equivalent to the Seneca or perhaps the upper Moorehouse members of the
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Onondaga. The MCZ occurs within strata correlative with the lower Moorehouse Member of
New York (Ver Straeten, 2004), and thus interpreted to be slightly older than the upper Detroit
River Formation. The MCZ outcrop area also appears to be more limited than the younger A-G cluster (Ver Straeten, 2004) and perhaps did not extend into the Midcontinent. Regardless, the
MCZ beds should be analyzed to see if there are any similarities with the other K-bentonites.
The Tioga A horizon occurs widely across the Appalachian Basin in the upper Moorehouse
Member and equivalent strata, and thus is closer to the correct level based on biostratigraphy.
However, nothing is known about its apatite geochemistry as yet.
Perhaps the most likely possibility is that the Woodburn K-bentonite is equivalent to one of the other beds of the A-G cluster, above the Tioga B (Tioga C, D or E). "Outlier" phenocrysts from both the B and F beds (Fig 2.5) define a roughly linear trend between the two main clusters, suggesting that the ash's magma chemistry may have evolved over time. The Woodburn samples fall along this same trend as well. This idea is further supported by preliminary results of a few
Tioga D apatites from one Pennsylvania locality, which fall along the same linear trend between the Tioga B and F samples.
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Figure 2.6. Comparison of Y, REE traces for K-bentonites at A) Slate Run and B) Woodburn with Appalachian Basin Tioga B and F. Dark grey (Tioga B) and light grey (Tioga F) shading outlines the data range of the Appalachian Basin samples.
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Figure 2.7. Stratigraphic cross-section showing correlation of Tioga B and F K-bentonites from the Appalachian Basin to midcontinent.
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2.6. Summary
The Tioga B and F K-bentonites each have a consistent geochemical signature and are chemically distinguishable from one another across the Appalachian Basin outcrop belt. The
Tioga B shows evidence for at least two distinct geochemical signatures at several of the sampled localities, suggesting that this horizon may contain ashfall deposits from multiple eruptive events. This corroborates other sedimentological evidence for condensation of multiple events. The basal Delaware K-bentonite at Slate Run, OH is geochemically correlated with the
Appalachian Basin Tioga F horizon. The K-bentonite horizon in the Detroit River Formation of northern Indiana, previously correlated with the Appalachian Basin Tioga B, is clearly geochemically distinct from that horizon.
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CHAPTER 3: Late Eifelian (Middle Devonian) Biocrisis, Part I: Examination of biotic turnover patterns in the northern Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform region, eastern
North America
Abstract
The late Eifelian – early Givetian interval is a complex period of faunal overturn marking the boundary between the Onondaga and Hamilton Ecological Evolutionary Subunits (EESUs), including a major reorganization of local faunas as well as an invasion by tropical taxa. Previous study of this interval has been mainly focused on the northern Appalachian Basin area of New
York State, where much of the observed pattern is strongly influenced by alteration of habitat due to foreland basin development. In this study, an expanded, regional analysis of faunas shows that EESUs comparable in timing the Onondaga - lower Marcellus - Hamilton succession of the northern Appalachian Basin are recognizable within the coeval carbonate ramp and platform strata of central Ohio and southeastern Indiana , as well as in the Michigan Basin. EESU boundaries are approximately synchronous and in all cases defined by abrupt changes in faunal composition. However, holdover and carryover ratios and persistence are significantly higher for faunas of the Wabash Platform area of central Ohio and southeastern Indiana compared to those of the Appalachian Basin, indicating that the Wabash Platform served as a refuge for species extirpated from the Appalachian Basin by environmental changes brought on by tectonic and eustatic deepening. In addition to the effect on local faunas the lower Marcellus EESU is marked by an incursion of OWR-Cordilleran taxa which spread widely across eastern North
America, including the Michigan Basin and Appalachian Basin where they mixed with local taxa, but were largely excluded from Ohio and Indiana. All of these were extinguished from the
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region at the close of the lower Marcellus EESU, such that no representatives of the Cordilleran fauna are present during the Hamilton EESU.
3.1. Introduction
Late Eifelian (australis through ensensis conodont Zones) faunas in eastern North America
(ENA) show complex temporal and spatial patterns of migration. Regional patterns show evidence of waves of immigration of tropical Old World Realm (OWR) brachiopod genera from western North America (Koch and Day, 1996), which became established widely throughout the
Eastern Americas Realm (EAR) for a relatively short interval (<1-3 m.y., see House, 1995; Brett and Baird, 1995; Brett et al., 2009). Also at that time several OWR coral and gastropod genera entered the Michigan Basin-Hudson Bay Province of the EAR (Oliver and Pedder 1979;
Blodgett, 1988; Blodgett et al., 1990). In the northern Appalachian Basin this interval of faunal turnover was recognized by Brett and Baird (1995) as Ecological Evolutionary Subunit (EESU)
9a, characterized by the so-called "Stony Hollow fauna". This comparatively short-lived faunal interval appears to be a local manifestation of a period of global faunal turnover during the late
Eifelian, approximately coincident with the termination of the cold water Malvinokaffric realm fauna and the incursion of Tropidoleptus into South America and Africa (Isaacson and Perry,
1977; Troth et al, in press). These events culminated in the widely recognized Ka ák Bioevent
(Figure 3.1).
As noted above, the pattern of regional faunal overturn has been recognized for some time, but until recently, poorly-resolved stratigraphic correlations between different areas of ENA
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obscured the details. Previous work by Koch (1978, 1981) on the Onondaga and Hamilton focused on brachiopod ecology and biogeography of those units, but largely treated them separately. Moreover, in following the conventional wisdom regarding correlations, Koch considered much of the lower Union Springs Formation to be a facies coeval with the upper
Onondaga, an interpretation now demonstrated to be incorrect (Ver Straeten et al., 1994). In their paper defining Silurian through Middle Devonian EESUs, Brett and Baird (1995) included taxonomic groups in addition to brachiopods in their analysis; however, they restricted their observations of patterns of turnover to the northern Appalachian Basin of New York State. In addition, although recognizing that the Stony Hollow (herein called lower Marcellus) EESU contained a unique fauna, Brett and Baird (1995) included it with the Onondaga, based on the occurrence of several characteristic Onondaga brachiopods. The Stony Hollow fauna was separated from that of the Onondaga in a revision of Middle Devonian EESUs by Brett et al.
(2009), but the focus of that work remained on the Appalachian Basin succession.
The aim of the current study was to examine patterns of late Eifelian faunal turnover more broadly across eastern North America, using a more comprehensive regional compilation of taxa, and based on updated, better-resolved regional stratigraphic correlations. One question here is whether the evidence of the turnover is as strong in adjacent areas less significantly impacted by foreland basin development. In other words, are the Onondaga, lower Marcellus, and Hamilton
EESUs as clearly differentiated on the shallow platform areas of Ohio and Indiana? This paper also explores the distribution, in time and space, of invading OWR taxa. Did these taxa integrate with EAR faunas or not, and what are the implications for controls on invasibility of the incumbent regional fauna?
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Figure 3.1. Time rock chart showing correlation of units considered in this study, and levels of the Onondaga, lower Marcellus, and lower part of the Hamilton EESUs in eastern North America. Conodont data from Bultynck (1976), Uyeno et al. (1982); Sparling (1984, 1995, 1999); Klapper (1971, 1981) and Ramsey (1969). TR cycles are those of Johnson et al. (1985, 1996).
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3.2. Regional geologic setting
The study region is divided into three areas: the northern (New York) part of the Appalachian
Basin; the Wabash Platform; and the Michigan Basin (Figures 3.1, 3.2). During the late Eifelian, eastern North America underwent a major shift in depositional architecture, which had profound effects on the regional biota. Tectonic loading associated with Ettensohn’s (1985) second tectophase of the Acadian Orogeny, coupled with a eustatic sea-level rise (T-R cycle 1d of
Johnson et al., 1985; 1996) produced a deep, at times anoxic (Murphy, 2000; Werne et al., 2002) foreland basin, disrupting deposition of the shallow shelf/basin carbonates in the Appalachian
Basin. Siliciclastic sediments shed from the newly uplifted source areas to the east began filling the starved basin with dark, laminated, organic-rich muds of the Marcellus subgroup. The carbonate shelf of central Ohio, at the eastern edge of the Wabash Platform, can be considered a distal up-ramp extension of the foreland basin, but was affected to a lesser degree by siliciclastic influx than the basin axis. The Wabash Platform was a region of shallow-water carbonate deposition during much of late Eifelian time. During this time the Michigan Basin also remained a center of carbonate deposition, although Acadian siliciclastics reached the eastern portions of the basin in the early Givetian.
Paleogeographic reconstructions place central and eastern North America in the warm- temperate to temperate climatic belts, with the Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform on the order of 30- 35º south latitude and the Michigan and Iowa Basins positioned slightly closer to the equator (Scotese and McKerrow, 1990). Latitudinal temperature gradients likely influenced the distribution of faunas within the region. Boucot (1975) and Koch (1978, 1981) divided the
Eastern Americas Realm into two biogeographic provinces: 1) the Appohimchi Subprovince
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Figure 3.2. Paleogeographic map of eastern North America region showing areas considered in this study. Locality key – Appalachian Basin: 1 = central New York, 2 = eastern New York; Wabash Platform: 3 = central Ohio, 4 = north central Ohio, 5 = southeastern Indiana; Michigan Basin: 6 = northwest Ohio and southeastern Michigan, 7 = Alpena, MI.
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centered on the Appalachian Basin; and 2) the Michigan Basin-Hudson Bay Lowland
Subprovince, which included areas of Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, northern Illinois and Iowa.
The transition zone between the two provinces extends from Ontario through southeastern
Michigan, central Ohio and southern Indiana (Koch, 1978, 1981).
3.3. Methods
3.3.1. Sources of Data
Faunal data used for this study were compiled primarily from literature sources (Table 3.1), supplemented by field counts or collections. Data were compiled at the species level, except in cases where only genus-level identifications had been made. Taxonomic names were updated where necessary and effort was made to identify synonymous taxa in order to avoid duplication and to better facilitate comparisons between different areas. A series of papers by Stumm (1942,
1953, 1954, 1964, 1968) was particularly useful in this regard. The full data set is included in
Appendix 2.
3.3.2 Data Analysis
The faunal analysis is framed in the context of refined regional correlations (Figure 3.1) recently established for the upper Onondaga through lower Marcellus (DeSantis et al., 2007; Ver
Straeten, 2007) and the remainder of the Hamilton Group (Bartholomew, 2006; Bartholomew and Brett, 2007).
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Table 3.1. Sources of faunal data Area/Stratigraphic Unit Sources of data Appalachian Basin Onondaga Oliver, 1954, 1956; Oliver and Sourauf, 1983; Buehler and Tesmer, 1963 Bakoven Goldring, 1935; DeSantis (field data) Stony Hollow/Hurley collections by Ver Straeten identified by Boucot (in Koch & Day 1996) Cherry Valley Rickard, 1952 Halihan Hill Bed Clarke, 1901; Brett (unpublished data); DeSantis (field data) Hamilton Cooper and Warthin, 1942; Ross, 1953; Kramer, 1968; Buehler and Tesmer, 1963; Brett (unpublished data) Wabash Platform Columbus Stauffer 1909; Stumm, 1953, 1954 Delaware Stauffer,1909; Stumm, 1953, 1954; DeSantis (field data) Olentangy Stauffer, 1909 Plum Brook, Prout Stauffer, 1909; Stumm, 1942 Jeffersonville, Speeds, Deputy, Nettleroth, 1889; Kindle, 1900; Whitlach and Huddle, 1932; Campbell, 1942; Silver Creek, Swanville, Beechwood Cooper and Warthin, 1942; Stumm, 1953, 1954, 1964 Michigan Basin Dundee Stauffer, 1909; Bassett, 1935; La Rocque, 1950; Stumm, 1954; Stewart, 1955; Ehlers and Kesling, 1970 Rogers City Ehlers and Kesling, 1970; La Rocque, 1950; Linsley, 1973; Koch and Day, 1996 Silica Kesling and Chilman, 1975 Ten-Mile Creek Stauffer, 1909; Stumm, 1968 Traverse Group McNair, 1937; Duncan, 1939; Ehlers and Kesling, 1970
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A parallel comparison is made for coeval faunas of the Michigan Basin succession, with the caveat that published faunal lists for the Rogers City Formation do not appear to be as complete as those for correlative units in New York and Ohio, whereas the fauna of the overlying Traverse
Group has been studied in much greater detail. In particular, Ehlers and Kesling (1970) indicated that the upper two units of the Rogers City contain abundant brachiopods and bryozoans, but provide no specific lists of taxa. Linsley (1973) further elaborates, based on a written communication from Rousseau Flower, that the fauna "…includes over twenty species of gastropods, fifteen cephalopod species, as well as a large number of pelecypods and brachiopods."
Presence-absence data were used because abundance data are not available in the literature for many of the units under consideration. Because the primary aim of this study is the examination of broad-scale, regional changes in faunas, rather than detailed paleoecological analysis, presence-absence data allowed for inclusion of data from a larger number of literature sources. Taxonomic groups considered in the analysis include brachiopods, corals, mollusks, trilobites, dacryoconarids, echinoderms and bryozoans. Some of these groups are subject to biases, either due to preservation or sampling intensity. For example, preservation of echinoderm material can be inconsistent from place to place. The bryozoans are particularly problematic. Extensive studies of bryozoans have been made for the Michigan Basin Traverse
Group (e.g., (McNair, 1937), and to a lesser degree in Ohio strata, but they are not as well characterized in the Appalachian Basin. Limiting the scope to a well-represented group, such as the brachiopods, may avoid some of these concerns. However, some stratigraphic units contain
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unique non-brachiopod faunas (e.g., the Cherry Valley cephalopods) and to disregard these taxa would ignore a significant aspect of the biotic turnover.
Within each EESU, intra-regional comparisons were made of the number and types of taxa shared between coeval units. Comparisons between EESUs were made using percent carryover and percent holdover metrics (Brett and Baird, 1995). Carryover measures the proportion of taxa of a given EESU that also occur in the subsequent EESU. Holdover is the proportion of taxa within an EESU that also occur in the previous EESU. Using the approach of Brett and Baird
(1995) and Brett et al. (2009), carryover and holdover percentages presented herein were made at the species-level. In the case of taxa only classified to the genus level because species-level classification was uncertain/unknown (e.g., Ambocoelia sp. is reported in the Onondaga
Formation, as well as from the Bakoven Member of the Union Springs Formation), the taxa were treated as separate species. A parallel series of comparisons, not presented herein, were made at the genus level. These showed consistently higher carryover and holdover percentages in all cases, but exhibited similar general patterns of turnover as the species-level comparisons.
3.4. Results
3.4.1. Northern Appalachian Basin – Wabash Platform comparison
3.4.1.1 Onondaga EESU
Regionally, the Onondaga EESU includes faunas of the Onondaga, Columbus and
Jeffersonville Formations (Figure 3.1). Although these formations are broadly contiguous depositional units (Koch, 1981) and represent generally similar carbonate ramp environments, they share relatively few species. The Columbus and Onondaga Formations share only 86
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species (Figure 3.3, Table 3.3), representing 33% of the total Onondaga, 32% of the total
Columbus or approximately 19% of the combined Onondaga-Columbus fauna of 457 species).
Similarly, the Columbus shares 92 species with the Jeffersonville Formation, again about 33% of the Columbus, 34% of the Jeffersonville, or about 20% of the 456 species of the combined
Columbus-Jeffersonville fauna. The Onondaga and Jeffersonville Formations share even fewer taxa, only 64 species (Table 3.3).
The differences between the three formations can be partly attributed to variations in preservation and sampling emphasis. For example, most of the diverse and distinctive Columbus gastropods, which have no counterpart in either the Onondaga or Jeffersonville formations (see
Table 3.2), occur in a chert-preserved fauna of the Eversole Member. Over half of the described
Jeffersonville fauna, 151 species of the total 272, consists of rugose and tabulate corals, in large part derived from Stumm's (1964) monographic study of the coral beds at the Falls of the Ohio.
Environmental differences also likely contributed to the regional differences in faunal composition. The central Ohio and southern Indiana region has been considered to be a transitional belt between the Appohimchi and Michigan Basin-Hudson Bay Lowlands subprovinces of the EAR, with the latter subprovince representing slightly warmer-water conditions (Koch, 1978, 1981). Indeed, coeval deposits of the Vernon Fork Member of the
Jeffersonville Formation (Droste and Shaver, 1975) on the Wabash Platform of southwestern
Indiana include fine-grained, fenestral dolostones. Stromatoporoids, present in the Columbus and Jeffersonville Formations, but not within similar facies of the Onondaga, also support an interpretation for warmer, shallower water in the Wabash Platform than in the Appalachian
Basin.
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Table 3.2. Composition of faunas Number of Species Area/Stratigraphic Unit BR MB MG MC MR AT CR CT ST EC EB EE BRY DAC OTH Total New York Onondaga 80 7 31 15 2 26 37 25 1 22 4 2 9 3 3 267 lower Marcellus 331163301110100043 94 Bakoven 1191500000000042 32 Stony Hollow / Hurley 2501201100100031 35 Cherry Valley 5353100010000032 50 Halihan Hill Bed 5237340110700001020 126 Hamilton (New York) 102 79 22 17 1 9 15 11 0 19 7 0 28 4 4 318 Ohio Columbus 62 29 63 28 3 13 27 15 6 7 2 0 19 1 1 276 Delaware 472098246513101210 119 lower Delaware (Zones I, J, K) 2271000000000210 33 Lewis Center & Hadrophyllum beds 14 1 0 012540 0 10600 34 Auloporid bed 1420000010000200 19 'Hamilton' (central Ohio) 73 37 18 11 1 4 23 26 3 15 2 0 36 2 1 252 Indiana Jeffersonville 501228011892591720110 272 Speeds/Deputy 2040001210000100 29 'Hamilton' (southeastern Indiana) 68 21 10 2 1 1 33 27 0 3 1 0 5 0 0 172 Michigan Basin Dundee 5419206171473110421 140 Rogers City 151214011111000010 47 Traverse (Bell to Norway Point) 130 28 10 15 1 18 52 74 7 45 10 3 117 2 1 513 Abbreviations: BR=brachiopods, MB=bivalves, MG=gastropods, MR= rostroconchs, AT=trilobites, CR=rugose corals, CT=tabulate corals, ST=stromatoporoids, EC=crinoids, EB=blastoids, EE=edrioasteroids, BRY=bryozoans, OTH=other
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Table 3.3. Onondaga EESU taxa shared by Onondaga, Columbus, and Jeffersonville Formations
Brachiopods Onon-Col Col-Jeff Onon-Jeff -> Ham EESU Acrospirifer duodenarius XXX Alatiforma varicosa XXX Athyris fultonensis XX Brevispirifer gregarius X Camarospira eucharis X 'Camarotoec hia' billingsi X 'Camarotoec hia' tethys XXX Centronella glansfagea X Charionella scitula X Chonostrophia reversa X Costistrophonella ampla XXX Cranaena lincklaeni XX Cranaena sullivanti X Cryptonella lens XXX X Cymostrophia pattersoni X Cyrtina crassa X Cyrtina hamiltonensis XXX X Duryeella macra X Elita fimbriata XX Eodevoniara acutiradiata X Eodevoniara hemispherica X Eoschuchertella pandora XX Fimbrispirifer divaricatus XXX X Fimbrispirifer grieri XXX Hallinetes lineatus XX Isorthis propinqua X Leptaena 'rhomboidalis' XXX Longispina de flecta XX Longispina mucronata XXX X Mac haeraria carolina XXX Mediospirifer manni XXX Mediospirifer? segmentum X Megakozlow skiella raricosta X Megastrophia concava XXX X Megastrophia hemisphe rica XX Megastrophia inequiradiata X Meristina nasuta XXX Metaplasia disparilis X Nucleospira concinna XXX X Orthis cleobis X Paraspirifer acuminatus XXX X Pentagonia unisulcata XX Pentamerella arata XXX Pholidostrophia nacrea XXX X Protodouvillina inequistriata XX Protoleptostrophia perplana XXX X Pseudoatrypa cf. devoniana XXX X Rhipidomella vanuxemi XX Schizophoria striatula XX Spinatrypa spinosa XXX X Spinulicosta spinulicosta XX Strophodonta demissa XXX X Truncalosia truncata XX Bivalves Actinodesma occ identale X Actinopteria boydi XX Goniophora hamiltonensis XX Paracyclas elliptica XX Pseudaviculopecten c.f. pecteniformis X
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Table 3.3. (continued)
Gastropods Onon-Col Col-Jeff Onon-Jeff -> Ham Bellerophon pelops XXX X Bembexia adjutor X Elasmonema bellatula XX Elasmonema clarki X Elasmonema imitator X Elasmonema lichas X Euomphalus decewi XXX Holopea hebe X Loxonema robusta X Mourlonia lucina XXX X Murchisonia desiderata X Naticonema lineata XXX X Naticonema turbinata X Palaeozygopleura sicula X Platyceras bucculentum X Platyceras carinatum XX Platyceras dumosum XXX X Platyceras erectum XXX X Platyceras multispinosum X Platyceras rarispinum X Platyceras rictum XXX Platyceras thetis XX Turbonopsis schumardi X Cephalopods Michelinoceras molestum X Spyroceras thoas X Rostroconchs Conocardium subtrigonale X Hippocardium cuneus XXX X Other Coleolus crenatocinc tum X Dacryoconarids Tentaculites scalariformis XXX Trilobites Acanthopy ge contusus X Anc hiopsis anchiops XXX Basidechenella canaliculata X Basidechenella clara XXX Coronura aspectans XXX Coronura helena XXX Crassiproetus crassimarginatus XXX X Cyrtodechenella welleri X Dechenella microgemma X Echinolichas eriopus X Odontocephalus aegeria X Odontocephalus bifidus XXX Odontocephalus magnus X Phacops cristata pipa XXX 'Proetus' folliceps XXX Trypaulites calypso X Corals-rugose Aulacophyllum sulcatum XXX Bethanyphyllum validum X Blothrophyllum decorticatum XX Blothrophyllum sinuosum XX Buc hanophyllum ohioense X Craterophyllum magnificum X Cylindrophyllum compactum X Edaphopy llum bifurcatum X Eridophyllum coagulatum X Eridophyllum se rial XXX X
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Table 3.3. (continued)
Corals-rugose (cont.) Onon-Col Col-Jeff Onon-Jeff -> Ham Hadrophyllum d'orbigy i X Heliophyllum halli XXX X Heliophyllum venatum XX Heliophyllum ve rticale X Heterophrentis inflata XXX X Hexagonaria bellis XX Homalophyllum ungulum XX Prismatophyllum ovoideum X Prismatophyllum prisma XXX Siphonophrentis elongata (=gigantea) X Stauromatidium trigemma X Zaphrentis phyrigia X Corals-tabulate Cladopora robusta X Emmonsia emmonsi XXX Emmonsia epidermata X Emmonsia radiciformis XX Emmonsia tuberosa X Fav osites basaltica X Fav osites biloculi X Fav osites goldfussi X Fav osites hemisphericus XXX X Fav osites limitaris XXX Fav osites aff. mundis X Pleurodictyum (Pleurodictyum) cylindricum X Syringopora hisingerii XXX X Echinoderms-crinoids Arachnocrinus extensus X Dolatocrinus glyptus X Dolatocrinus liratus XX Dolatocrinus ornatus X Echinoderms-blastoids Elaeocrinus vernueili X Bryozoans Fenestella erectipora X Fenestella parallela X Total 86 92 64 50
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Figure 3.3. Comparison of carryover and holdover patterns from the Onondaga / Columbus / Jeffersonville fauna to the Hamilton fauna equivalents via the Marcellus / Delaware / Speeds in the Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform areas. Ca = Carryover species, Hd = holdover species. See explanation of terms in the text. Northern Appalachian Basin Faunas: Onondaga fauna includes taxa from the Edgecliff through Seneca members. Lower Marcellus fauna includes taxa from the Bakoven, Stony Hollow, Hurley, Cherry Valley, and East Berne Members. Hamilton fauna includes taxa that first appear in the Halihan Hill Bed of the Oatka Creek/Mount Marion Formation, the remainder of the Oatka Creek/Mount Marion, the Skaneateles, Ludlowville, and Moscow formations. Wabash Platform Faunas: Columbus fauna includes taxa of the Columbus Formation and the Stratford member of the Delaware. Delaware fauna includes taxa from the Dublin Member through the L zone. ‘Hamilton’ fauna comprises taxa from platform equivalents of the post-Marcellus Hamilton Group. These include the M zone of the Delaware Formation, the lower Olentangy Formation (central Ohio), and the Plum Brook and Prout formations (northern Ohio); as well as the Silver Creek, Swanville and Beechwood members of the North Vernon Formation (Indiana).
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Despite the significant regional variation in faunal composition, the three formations do contain a common suite of shared taxa. Of the species shared among the Onondaga, Columbus, and Jeffersonville, 48 are shared by all three formations (Table 3.3). Moreover, many of the shared taxa ultimately carried through into the Hamilton EESU, including 24 species that were widespread across the entire region, fifteen derived from the Columbus-Jeffersonville pool of taxa, and eight shared by the Columbus and Onondaga formations. Brachiopods account for most of these common holdovers.
3.4.1.2. lower Marcellus ("Stony Hollow") EESU
This interval is recorded in New York by the Bakoven, Stony Hollow, Hurley, Cherry Valley and East Berne members in the lower part of the Marcellus subgroup (Figure 3.1). Equivalent upramp units include the Delaware Formation in Ohio and Speeds/Deputy Members of the North
Vernon Formation in Indiana. The regional pattern of overturn for this interval is complex, reflecting the varying degree of change in depositional environment brought on by tectonism and sea level rise. Despite this regional variability, the boundary between the Onondaga and the lower Marcellus EESUs records a significant loss of taxa in all of the units examined. A total of
494 species, or 80%, of the combined regional fauna of the Onondaga EESU do not carry over, and many of these species (285 species, 60% of the total 494) are within genera that do carry through into the Hamilton EESU. An important subset of this total (see Table 3.4) includes 105 genera, including at least 165 species, which either go extinct or are permanently lost (i.e. extirpated) from the region at this time. This group includes widespread members of the endemic ENA fauna, such as the brachiopods Acrospirifer, Costistrophonella, and Eodevonaria, and the trilobites Anchiopsis, Coronura, Odontocephalus, and Trypaulites.
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Table 3.4. Onondaga EESU taxa extinct/extirpated from Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform at lower Marcellus EESU
Brachiopods Trilobites Acrospirifer (2 sp.) Acanthopyge contusus Amphigenia elongata Anchiopsis anchiops Atlanticocoelia acutiplicata (to Stony Hollow) C eratolichas gryps 'Atrypa' pseudomarginalis Coronura (2 sp.) Charionoides doris Cyphaspis sp. Chonostrophia reversa Cyrtodechenella (2 sp.) Costistrophonella (2 sp.) Dechenella (3 sp.) Cymostrophia pattersoni Echinolichas eriopus (genus present in Mich. Basin Traverse) Dalejina (2 sp.) Mystrocephala varicella (genus present in M ich. B asin Traverse) Devonamphistrophia alveata Odontocephalus (5 sp.) Discina minuta Terataspis grandis Discomyorthis? sp. Trypaulites (3 sp.) Isorthis propinqua Leptaena rhomboidalis (to Stony Hollow, recurs in Tully) Corals-rugose Levenea (3 sp.) Acinophyllum (4 sp.) Machaeraria carolina Asterobillingsa (2 sp.) Meristina nasuta Billingsastrea yandelli (genus present in Mich. Basin Traverse) Metaplasia disparilis Bre viphrentis yandelli Productella (2 sp.) Buchanophyllum ohioense Rhynchotreta sp. Cayugaea subcylindrica (genus present in Silica) Rhuycospirinia sp. Cyathocylindrium (2 sp.) 'Spirifer' arctisegmentum Cylindrophyllum (4 sp.) (genus present in Mich. Basin Traverse) 'Diphyphyllum' stramine um Bivalves Diplochone greeni Glossites teretis (genus present in Michiga n B asin) Disphyllum (3 sp.) Megambonia cardiformis Grewgiphyllum colligatum Sanguinolites sanduskiensis Kionelasma (3 sp.) Solemya vestuta "Microplasma" sp. Prismatophyllum (5 sp.) Gastropods Schlotheimophyllum typicum Buchania devonica Skoliophyllum squamosum Dentalium martini Stauratomitidum trigemma Euryzone arata Stylastrea anna Isonema (2 sp.) Synaptophyllum (4 sp.) Michelia strebloceras 'Zaphrentis' (4 sp.) Murchisonia ? (5 sp.) Naticopsis (4 sp.) Corals-tabulate Orthonema newberryi Caunopora sp. Paleotrochus kearneyi Chonostegites (2 sp.) Platystoma (2 sp.) Coenites sp. Porcellia scioto Drymopora fasciculatis Pseudophorus antiquus Lecfedites canadensis Ptomatis patulus Thamnopora limitaris Strophosty las varians Tritonophon rotalinea Echinoderms-crinoids Trochonema (3 sp.) Arachnocrinus (3 sp.) Tropidodiscus hyalinus Comanthocrinus sp. Turbonopsis schumardi Corynecrinus sp. C raterocrinus schoharie Cephalopods Kopficrinus pustuliferous Acle istoceras (present in Michigan Basin Traverse) Mictocrinus (3 sp.) Brevicoceras conicum Schultizicrinus typus Cyrtoceras (2 sp.) Vasocrinus sp. Cyrtoceratites ohioensis Cyrtopsyroc eras morsum Echinoderms-blastoids Discites ammonis Brachyschisma (3 sp.) Golringia trivolvis Gyroceras (3 sp.) Echinoderms -Edrioasteroids Gyroceratites (2 sp.) Edriocrinus pyriformis Kionoceras profundum Rhenopyrgus sp. Ormoceras jaculum Sceptrites (2 sp.) Bryozoans Trematoceras ohioense Clonopora fasculata Foordites sp. C oscinium striatum Latanarcestes staufferi Prismopora triquetra Thamnotrypa divaricata
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3.4.1.2.1. Onondaga to lower Marcellus
The transition between the Onondaga and the strata of the lower part of the Marcellus subgroup records a pronounced biotic turnover in the northern Appalachian Basin. Of the diverse Onondaga fauna, only eight species (3.0% of the Onondaga) carried over into the lower
Marcellus, comprising 8.5 % of the latter fauna (Figure 3.3). At first glance much of this difference may be attributed to comparing very dissimilar facies. In fact the carryover from the oxic Onondaga limestones to the dysoxic black shales of the Bakoven Member is extremely low
(1.9%). However, comparison of the Onondaga fauna with that of the shallower oxic facies of the Stony Hollow-Cherry Valley interval shows similarly low carryover (Figure 3.4A).
New taxa make up about 90% of the lower Marcellus fauna (Table 3.5). These are, in part, represented by new species of genera that were already present in the region, but also include an important set of genera of extrabasinal origin. A suite of Old World Realm taxa, including
Cordilleran Province-derived brachiopods, and ammonoid cephalopods and other taxa from the
Rhenish Bohemian Province appear in the upper interval of the Union Springs Formation. The list of known OWR immigrants totals fifteen species, or about 17% of the lower Marcellus fauna. Although these OWR taxa make up a low proportion of the fauna based on presence/absence, they dominate on an abundance basis making up 60% or more of the fauna, particularly in the shallower proximal siliciclastic environments of eastern New York (Ver
Straeten, unpublished data).
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Figure 3.4. Detail of carryover-holdover for subdivisions of the Delaware and lower Marcellus. See Figure 3.1 for explanation of units and faunas
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Table 3.5. Lower Marcellus fauna in northern Appalachian Basin Old World Realm taxa: C = derived from Cordilleran region, RB = derived from Rhenish-Bohemian region G = genus present
Brachiopods Bakoven St H - CV Onon. -> OWR -> Ham. Allanella tullia XX Ambocoelia sp.XX? (G) ? (G) Atlanticocoelia acutiplicata XX X Atrypa sp.XXX Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare XX C?X Chonetes sp. (small, coarse-ribbed) X Chonostrophia reversa XX Crurispina nana Xx(G) Cyrtina sp.X? (G) ? (G) Eoschuchertella arctostriata XX X Gypidula sp. (smooth) XC Hallinetes lineatus XX X Kayserella americana XRB 'Leiorhynchus' mysia XX Leptaena 'rhomboidalis' XX Lingula sp.XX? (G) ? (G) Lingulodiscina cf. exilis X Longispina mucronata XX X X Nucleospira concinna XX X Orbiculoidea sp.X ? (G) Pentamerella cf. wintereri XC Productella sp.X? (G) ? (G) Schizophoria cf. macfarleni XC Skenidium sp.X? Spinatrypa (Isospinatrypa) cf. borealis XC Spinulicosta sp.X? (G) ? (G) spiriferid, lamellose X spiriferid, smooth X Truncalosia truncata XXX Variatrypa arctica XC Warrenella (Warrenella) maia XC Bivalves Carydium bellistriata XX Glyptocardia speciosa XX Leiopteria laevis XX Leptodesma cf. rogersi X Lunulicardium curtem XX Lunulicardium marcellense X Lunulicardium rude X Modiella pygmaea XX Panenka ventricosa XX X Pseudaviculopecten? cf. invalidus X Pterochania fragilis XX Gastropods Bellerophon sp.X? (G) ? (G) Glyptotomaria rugulata XX Macrolichina onondagaensis X Palaeozygopleura delphicola XX Palaeozygopleura sicula XX Straparollus planodiscus X Cephalopods Acleistoceras ? dilatatum X Acleistoceras fischeri X Acleistoceras jonesi X Casteroceras alternatum X Centroceras marcellense XX Diademoceras palmeri X Diagonoceras aptum X Lyrioceras dubium X Lyrioceras liratum X Michelinoceras ? swarthi X Michelinoceras ? uniconstrictum X Michelinoceras noveboracense X
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Table 3.5 (continued)
Cephalopods Bakoven St H - CV Onon. -> OWR -> Ham. Micronoceras gibbosum X Nephriticeras bucinum XX Orthoceras sp.X ? (G) Ovoceras oviforme X Ovoceras constrictum X Palmeroceras fustis X Poteriocerina solida X Spyroceras nuntium XX Spyroceras geneva X Striacoceras kionoceroides X Striacoceras typum XX X Tetranodoceras transversum X Verticoceras conradi X Verticoceras erectum X Bactrites clavus XX RBX Agoniatites floweri XRB Agoniatites intermedius XRB Agoniatites nodiferus XRB Agoniatites vanuxemi XRB Cabrieroceras crispiforme plebeiforme XRB Parodiceras discoideum XX RBX Other Coleolus tenuicinctus XX X Conularia sp.X Conularia undulata XX Dacryoconarids Costulatostyliolina sp.XX Striatostyliolina sp.XX Styliolina fissurella XX X Tectaculites scalariformis X Viriatellina gracilistriata XX Trilobites Dechenella haldemani X Corals-rugose Guerichiphyllum cf. echoense XC Corals-tabulate Aulocystis cf. jacksoni XX Echinoderms-crinoids Haplocrinites clio XRB Total 32 76
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3.4.1.2.2. Columbus to Delaware
In the Wabash platform area, the degree of change between the faunas of the Columbus and
Delaware formations is much less pronounced compared to that between the coeval units in New
York. However, the Delaware fauna is notably less diverse compared to that of the Columbus
(Figure 3.3). Only 53 species, representing 19.2% of the Columbus fauna, carry over into the
Delaware. The Columbus holdovers make up a significant proportion (44.5%) of the Delaware fauna, in contrast to the 8.5% holdover from the Onondaga to the lower Marcellus in the
Appalachian Basin. The Delaware fauna also includes many new taxa not found in the
Columbus (Table 3.6). Notably, many of these continued on as elements of the regional fauna of the Hamilton EESU. As with the lower Marcellus fauna of the northern Appalachian Basin, many of the new Delaware taxa belong to common cosmopolitan or EAR genera (e.g.,
Orbiculoidea, Lingula, Cupularostrum, Eoschuchertella, Grammysia, Pseuaviculopecten).
Additionally, several new genera characteristic of the Hamilton Group (Leiopteria, Nyassa,
Palaeoneilo, Eldredgeops) appeared in the region at this time. All of the latter group was derived from OWR-Rhenish-Bohemian stock (Boucot, 1975; Bailey, 1983).
In parallel with the patterns observed in the northern Appalachian Basin, the Bakoven- equivalent shales and argillaceous limestones of the lower Delaware including the Dublin black shale (zones I, J, and part of K) carry different faunas than the upper Delaware grainstone units
(Zones K and L) (Figure 3.4B). As with the Onondaga-Bakoven transition, very few Columbus species (sixteen, or 5.8%) are present in the lower Delaware fauna. However, these taxa contribute a large proportion, 48.5%, of the latter. A comparison between the Columbus and the upper Delaware shows similar values. However, as can be seen from a tabulation of the
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Delaware fauna (Table 3.6) the upper Delaware contains a suite of Columbus-derived taxa missing from the lower Delaware, probably owing to dysoxic facies in the latter unit. Among these are several strophomenid brachiopods, as well as rugose and tabulate corals. Notably, about half of the upper Delaware fauna carried over to the Hamilton EESU.
Comparison of the Delaware and lower Marcellus faunas shows that their composition is very different (Tables 3.2, 3.6). In fact, the Delaware fauna has more in common with the
Onondaga/Columbus/Jeffersonville and Hamilton faunas than it does with that of the coeval lower Marcellus. In all, the Delaware and lower Marcellus share only seven species, mostly brachiopods (Table 3.6). Comparison of lists of new taxa appearing in ENA at this time (Tables
3.7) further reinforces how little overlap existed between these two units. Of the OWR-
Cordilleran province incursion taxa, only Warrenella maia is represented in the Delaware
Formation.
3.4.1.2.3. Onondaga "to" Delaware
Although there is not a direct stratigraphic connection between the Onondaga and Delaware formations, a comparison of the faunas shared by these units gives additional regional perspective on the transition between the Onondaga and lower Marcellus EESUs. The Onondaga and Delaware faunas have 32 species in common, effectively representing a 12.0% "carryover" from the former to the latter, comprising 26.9% of the Delaware fauna. These values are intermediate between the direct comparisons of the Onondaga to the lower Marcellus, and the
Columbus to Delaware faunas. Of the shared species, all but two are present in the Columbus, and one of these (Ambocoelia umbonata) is reported from the Jeffersonville (Table 3.6). Thus,
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Table 3.6. Delaware fauna Unit abbreviations: Dub = Dublin Shale, l. Del = lower Delaware, u. Del = upper Delaware, Spds = Speeds/Deputy, Bak = Bakoven, SH-CV = Stony Hollow/Cherry Valley, C = Columbus, O = Onondaga, J = Jeffersonville, H = Hamilton (Indiana, Ohio, New York) Old World Realm taxa: C = derived from Cordilleran region, RB = derived from Rhenish-Bohemian region X= species present, G = genus present Stratigraphic level Coeval units Derived from: Brachiopods Dub l. Del u. Del Spds Bak SH-CV C -> O -> J -> OWR -> -> H Ambocoelia umbonata XX GG XX O,N Arcuaminetes scitulus X RB? O,N Athyris fultonensis (cora?) XX O,N? Brevispirifer lucasensis XX O? Camarospira eucharis X 'Camarotoechia' billingsi XXX 'Camarotoechia' tethys XX X XXX Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare XX XX C?N Chonostrophia reversa XXX X XX Cranaena lincklaeni XXO,N G Cranaena sullivanti X Cupularostrum dotis N GGG Cupularostrum prolifica X N Cyrtina hamiltonensis X X G XXX O,N Discina minuta XX X Duryeella macra XX X XX O,N Eoschuchertella perversa X N G Eoschuchertella pandora XX O,N Hallinetes lineatus X?XXN Leptaena 'rhomboidalis' XX X X XXX Lingula ligea X GG G Lingula manni XX Longispina deflecta XX XXX O,N Longispina mucronata XX X XXX O,N Mediospirifer audaculus XRB?O,N GGG Mediospirifer macronotus X O Megastrophia concava X X XXX O,N Megastrophia hemispherica XXXO Orbiculoidea doria N G Orbiculoidea lodiensis XX N Orthospirifer? marceyi N Pentamerella pavilionensis G GGG O,N Pholidostrophia nacrea X X XXX O,N Protodouvillina inequistriata XX X X X O,N Protoleptostrophia perplana XX XXX O,N Pseudoatrypa cf. devoniana XXX O,N Rhipidomella vanuxemi XX X XGX O,N Roemerella grandis Schizophoria sp.XGGGGI,O,N 'Schuchertella' cf. chemungensis X N Spinatrypa spinosa X XXX O,N Spinulicosta spinulicosta X X X XGX O,N Striatochonetes setigera O,N Strophodonta acris Strophodonta demissa XX X XXX O,N Strophodonta parva X Warrenella maia XX X C Bivalves Actinodesma erectum XG O,N Cypricardella major G Cypricardella tenuistriata N Grammysia ovata XG Grammysoidea arcuata XXRB?O,N Grammysoidea bisulcata X RB? O,N Leiopteria rafinesqui XGG RB?O 'Macrodon' sp. X Modiomorpha concentrica sp. GGG I,O,N Mytilarca sp. G Nyassa arguta X RB? O,N Paleoneilo sanduskiensis RB? Paracyclas elliptica XI,O sp. Paracyclas lirata O,N Pseudaviculopecten equilateris Pseudaviculopecten exactus N sp. G Pseudaviculopecten priceps XI,O,N Pseudaviculopecten? parilis X Pterinopecten sp.X G Sphenotus cuneatus XO
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Table 3.6 (continued) Stratigraphic level Coeval units Derived from Gastropods Dub l. Del u. Del Spds Bak SH-CV C -> O -> J -> OWR -> -> H Bellerophon sp. G GGG Euomphalus decewi XXX Glyptotomaria rugulata XXG N Platyceras bucculentum XX Platyceras carinatum XX O,N Platyceras dumosum XXX I,N Platyceras erectum XXO,N Platyceras nodosum Porcellia hertzeri G Cephalopods Centroceras ohioense X Discites ammonis Fusicoceras eriense O,N Gomphoceras sp. G Gyroceras sp. G Gyroceratites inelegans X Gyroceratites ohioensis X Orthoceras sp.GG Rostroconchs Conocardium sp.XGG Hippocardium cuneus XXX I,O Dacryoconarids Tentaculites scalariformis X XXX Trilobites Basidechenella eriensis Basidechenella rowi X GGG O,N Basidechenella rowi sanduskiensis Eldredgeops rana XX RBI,O,N Stromatoporoids Clathrodictyon ponderosa X Corals-rugose Cystiphyllum vesiculosum XXO Eridophyllum archiaci XI,O GG Eridophyllum magniventrum X Hadrophyllum d'orbignyi XX XX N? Heliophyllum halli X XXX I,O,N Heterophrentis sp. X GGG Corals-tabulate Alveolites sp.X Aulopora conferta X Aulopora serpens XO,N Emmonsia emmonsi X XXX Favosites hemisphericus X XXX I,O Echinoderms-crinoids Dolatocrinus glyptus XX Dolatocrinus liratus XX Platyhexacrinites sp. GO Echinoderms-blastoids Elaeocrinus venustus XG Bryozoans Fenestella biseriata sp G Fenestella parallela XXX Fistulipora vesiculata XG Lichenalia sp.XG Loculipora sp.X Monotrypa sp. G Orthopora regularis X Sulcoretepora gilberti XXO Sulcoretepora ovatipora Trematella arborea X Trematopora sp.X Unitrypa lata X 119 Total 63347
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Table 3.7. Lower Marcellus EESU new taxa Abbreviations: Mar = Marcellus, Del = Delaware, Spd =Speeds, NY = New York, OH = Ohio, IN = Indiana Old World Realm taxa: C = derived from Cordilleran region, RB = derived from Rhenish-Bohemian region lower Marcellus EESU Hamilton EESU Brachiopod OWR Spd Del Mar IN OH NY Allanella tullia RB X X Arcuaminetes scitulus RB? X X X Brevispirifer lucasensis XX Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare XX ? Crurispina nana RB? X X Cupularostrum dotis XX Cupularostrum prolifica RB X X Eoschuchertella perversa XXX Gypidula sp. (smooth) C X Kayserella americana RB X 'Leiorhynchus' mysia XX Lingula ligea XX Lingula manni X Lingulodiscina cf exilis X Mediospirifer audaculus XX?X Mediospirifer macronotus XXX Mucrospirifer mucronatus RB? X X ? X Orbiculoidea doria XXX Orbiculoidea lodiensis XX Orthospirifer? marceyi XX Pentamerella cf. wintereri CX Schizophoria cf. macfarleni CX Skenidium sp. ?X Spinatrypa borealis CX Striatochonetes setigera XXX Strophodonta acris X Variatrypa arctica CX Warrenella (Warrenella) maia CXX Bivalve Actinodesma erectum XXX Carydium bellestriata XX Cypricardella major X Cypicardella tenuistriata XX Glyptocardia speciosa XXX Grammysia ovata X Grammysoidea bisulcata RB X X X Leptodesma cf. rogersi X Lunulicardium marcellense X Leiopteria laevis RB? X X Leiopteria rafinesqui RB? X X Limoptera macroptera X XXX Lunulicardium curtem XX Lunulicardium rude X Modiella pygmaea XX Modiomorpha concentrica X XXX Nyassa arguta RB? X X X Paleoneilo sanduskiensis RB? X Panenka ventricosa X Pseudaviculopecten equilateris X Psuedaviculopecten exactus XX Pseudaviculopecten ? cf. invalidus X Pterochania fragilis XX Gastropod Macrocheilina onondagaensis X Platyceras nodosum X Porcellia hertzeri X Straparollis planodiscus X Palaeozygopleura delphicola XX
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Table 3.7. (continued)
Cephalopod lower Marcellus EESU Hamilton EESU Acleistoceras? dilatum OWR Spd Del Mar INOHNY Acleistoceras fischeri X Acleistoceras jonesi X Agoniatites floweri RB X x Agoniatites intermedius RB X x Agoniatites nodiferous RB X x Agoniatites vanuxemi RB X x Bactrites clavus RB X x x Cabrieroceras crispiforme plebeiforme RB X Casteroceras altenatum X Centroceras marcellense X Diademoceras palmeri X Diagonoceras aptum X Discites ammonis X Fusicoceras eriense XXX Lyrioceras dubium X Lyrioceras liratum X Michelinoceras? swarthi X Michelinoceras? uniconstrictum X Michelinoceras noveboracense X Michelinoceras gibbosum X Nephriticeras bucinum XX Ovoceras oviforme X Ovoceras constrictus X Palmeroceras fustis X Parodiceras discoideum RB X X Poteriocerina solida X Spyroceras geneva X Striacoceras kionoceroides X Tetrandoceras transversum X Verticoceras conradi X Verticoceras erectum X
Other Coleolus tenuicinctus XX Conularia sp. X Conularia undulata XX Dacryoconarid Costulatostyliolina sp. X Striatostyliolina sp. X Viriatellina gracilistriata XX Trilobite Basidechenella eriensis X Basidechenella rowii XXX Basidechenella rowi sanduskiensis X Dechenella haldemani ?X Eldredgops rana RB X X X X X Coral-rugose Guerichiphyllum cf. echoense RB X Coral-tabulate Aulocystis cf. jacksoni XX X Aulopora conferta X Aulopora serpens XX XX Echinoderm-crinoid Haplocrinites clio RB X Echinoderm-blastoid Elaeocrinus venustus X Bryozoan Fenestella biseriata X Fistulipora vesiculata X Sulcoretepora ovatipora X Trematella arborea X
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this group was generally widespread across ENA during the Onondaga EESU. Three of these species occur in the lower Marcellus strata of the northern Appalachian Basin, accounting for nearly half of the seven taxa shared between that interval and the coeval Delaware Formation
(Figure 3.3). Of these Onondaga-Delaware "holdovers", half (sixteen species) return to the
Appalachian Basin in the remainder of the Hamilton Group. This number includes only one of the seven Onondaga species (Longispina mucronata) remaining in Appalachian Basin through the lower Marcellus EESU, and many of the characteristic "Hamilton" strophomenid brachiopods, corals and gastropods that were absent from the basin during this interval.
3.4.1.2.4. Jeffersonville to Speeds
Further onto the Wabash platform, the transition from the Jeffersonville Formation to the
Speeds fauna is also marked by a significant reduction in diversity, with a mere fourteen species
(5.1% of the Jeffersonville fauna) carried over into the combined fauna of the Speeds and Deputy members of the North Vernon Formation (Figure 3.3). The low carryover and low species richness of the Speeds Member (29 species) may be partly due to the lack of outcrop exposure.
The species carried over from the Jeffersonville make up nearly half of the small Speeds fauna, a similar holdover value to that between the Columbus and Delaware faunas.
The Speeds fauna shares fourteen species with the Delaware (Table 3.6). None of these are shared with the dark shaly Dublin Member, though many (e.g., Leptaena rhomboidalis,
Rhipidomella vanuxemi) do occur in argillaceous limestones overlying the Dublin, and/or in a series of grainstone beds in the upper Delaware Formation. Four of the shared Speeds-Delaware taxa (Megastrophia concava, Pholidostrophia nacrea, Spinulicosta spinulicosta, Eldredgeops
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rana, and Hadrophyllum d'orbignyi) occur only in the upper Delaware. Further, only four of the
Speeds taxa (Cyrtina, Leptaena, Schizophoria, and Spinulicosta) are shared with the Appalachian
Basin lower Marcellus succession, all of them occurring in the relatively shallower Stony
Hollow-Cherry Valley interval. Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare, and other taxa characteristic of the dysoxic Dublin and Bakoven members are not present in the Speeds.
3.4.1.3. Hamilton EESU
The Hamilton fauna was assembled from four groups: 1) holdover species from the
Onondaga EESU, 2) taxa held over from the lower Marcellus EESU, 3) new species within existing local genera, and 4) new immigrants to ENA from the OWR-Rhenish Bohemian province.
Holdovers from the combined Onondaga EESU (123 taxa) make up about 22% of the
Hamilton fauna. Many of the taxa held over from this interval were derived from the Wabash
Platform Columbus and Jeffersonville faunas, rather than from the Onondaga (Table 3.8). A total of 27 species fall into this category. A third of this group (nine species) are represented in the intervening Delaware and Speeds. This list includes many of the characteristic Hamilton bivalve mollusks (e.g., Actinopteria, Grammysoidea, Modiomorpha, Pseudaviculopecten,
Ptychopteria).
In the northern Appalachian Basin only a small part of the lower Marcellus fauna (23 taxa,
24.5%) carries through to the subsequent Hamilton fauna (Figure 3.3). Owing to the much higher diversity of the Hamilton, the Marcellus contributed a low proportion (only 7%) of that
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Table 3.8. Columbus/Jeffersonville taxa not present in Onondaga 'carried over' to NY Hamilton Abbreviations: Col = Columbus, Jef = Jeffersonville, Mar = Marcellus, Del = Delaware, Spd=Speeds,
Onondaga EESU lower Marcellus EESU Brachiopods Col Jef Del Spd Mar Notes Charionella rostrata X Cranaena lincklaeni XX X Cyrtina recta X Eoschuchertella arctostriata X Pentamerella pavilionensis XX Philhedra (Crania) crenistriata X Protodouvillina inequistriata XX XX Rhipidomella vanuxemi XX XX Rhipidomella sp. present in Onondaga Spinulicosta spinulicosta XX XX Bivalves Actinopteria boydi XX X Eoschizodus chemungensis X Goniophora hamiltonensis XX Goniophora truncata X Grammysoidea arcuata XX Modiomorpha mytiloides/affinis X Paracyclas lirata XX Pseudaviculopecten fasiculatus X Pseudaviculopecten princeps X Ptychopteria flabellum X Gastropods Retispira leda X Bembexia sulcomarginata X Glyptotomaria rugulata XXX Orthonychia conicum X Platyceras thetis XX Cephalopods Spyroceras nuntium X Corals-rugose Blothrophyllum sinuosum XX Heliophyllum venatum XX
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fauna. Many of the holdovers (nine taxa) are either long-ranging generalists found throughout the Onondaga-Hamilton interval (e.g., Longispina mucronata, Eoschuchertella arctostriata,
Spinulicosta spinulicosta, Striacoceras typum) or are taxa associated with dysoxic biofacies (e.g.,
Truncalosia truncata, Pterochania fragilis, Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare, Styliolina fissurella).
Significantly, none of the OWR incursion taxa characteristic of the Stony Hollow and Hurley members continued on to the higher Hamilton. These were extinguished from the Appalachian
Basin coincident with a renewed pulse of deepening and deposition of anoxic black shales of the
East Berne Member of the Oatka Creek Formation, associated with the Ka ák Bioevent (Figures
3.2, 3.4A).
A large proportion (~40%) of the Delaware fauna carries over into the Hamilton in both the
Appalachian Basin and coeval units of the Wabash Platform (Figure 3.3, Table 3.6). Holdovers from the Delaware contribute a slightly lower percentage to the Hamilton of the Appalachian
Basin, mainly due to the higher reported diversity of that fauna. However, the total number of persistent taxa is about the same for both areas and, in fact, is largely comprised of the same list of species. The four OWR Rhenish-Bohemian bivalve and trilobite genera that first appear in
ENA within the Delaware Formation all carry over to and proliferate in the Hamilton. Other
Delaware holdovers include long-ranging generalist taxa (e.g., Longispina mucronata,
Pseudoatrypa devoniana, Rhipidomella vanuxemi), and a suite of Onondaga EESU holdovers also generally associated with the Hamilton fauna. The latter group includes most of the
Hamilton strophomenid brachiopods (e.g., Megastrophia concava, Protoleptostrophia perplana,
Strophodonta demissa) and many bivalve mollusks.
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Much of the Hamilton EESU fauna consists of new species likely derived by speciation, but not directly carried over, from the Onondaga or lower Marcellus EESUs (Table 3.9). Of the some 265 new Hamilton taxa, approximately 57% (151 taxa) are new species within genera already present in the EAR region. These fall into several categories. The first is the diversification of existing EAR genera. An example of this is the brachiopod genus
Rhipidomella, which is represented in the Onondaga EESU by the species R. vanuxemi. This species carries over to the Hamilton EESU, but is there joined by four additional new species (R. cyclas, R. idonea, R. leucosia, and R. penelope). The second case, perhaps most common, is the replacement of one species by another within the same genus without persistence of the older species. This is typified by the brachiopod Megakozlowskiella raricosta the species characteristic of the Onondaga EESU, which is replaced by M. sculptilis in the Hamilton. A third case is the diversification of the OWR Rhenish-Bohemian bivalve genera which were established in ENA during lower Marcellus EESU. Palaeoneilo is represented by one species
(P. sanduskiensis) in the Delaware Formation. This initial species does not carry over to the
Hamilton EESU, but five new species of Palaeoneilo are found in Hamilton Group strata in New
York. Leiopteria, was initially represented by two species, L. rafinesqui in the Delaware and L. laevis in the Bakoven. The latter carried over to the Hamilton of New York, where it occurs with four new species of Leiopteria. Similarly Nyassa arguta, initially found in the Delaware also carried over to the New York Hamilton, and was joined by Nyassa recta.
The remaining component of the regional Hamilton fauna consists of about 114 taxa not present in the region during the Onondaga or the lower Marcellus EESUs (Table 3.9). An important subset of this list, at least 34 species, consists of a second wave of OWR immigrants to
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Table 3.9. Hamilton taxa not present in Onondaga or lower Marcellus EESUs Total: ~265 taxa. For each group, left column = completely new; right column = new species within genera previously in area RB = derived from Old World Realm, Rhenish-Bohemian region
Brachiopods Gastropods Cyclorhina nobilis Allanella tullia RB Cyrtonella mitella Bellerophon crenistriata Devonochonetes coronatus RB Athyris cora Retispira lyra Dignomia alveata Camarophoria kernahani Ruedemannia trilix Eosyringothyris cf. aspera Camarospira (3 sp.) Bembexia planodorsalis Eumetabolotoechia (4 sp.)RB Centonella impressa Euomphalus laxus Gypidula sp. Charionella ovata Glyptotomaria itys Hercostrophia subcarinata Cranaena (2 sp.) 'Lophospira' trilix Klocinetes lepidus Craniops hamiltoniae Loxonema (2 sp.) Lindstromella aspidium Crurispina spinosa Palaeozygopleura hamiltoniae Monsenetes tarae Cryptonella (2 sp.) Platyceras arkonense Parazyga hirsuta Cupularostrum (5 sp.) Trepospira rotalia Petrocrania hamiltoniae RB? Cyrtina umbonata alpenensis Pustulatia pustulosa RB? Emanuella (2 sp.) Cephalopods Retichonetes vicinus Fimbrispirifer venustus Maenioceras sp. Agoniatites unilobatus RB? Rhipidothyris multiplicata RB Lingula (6 sp.) Tornoceras (3 sp.)RB? Bactrites arkonensis RB? Spinocyrtia granulosa RB Mediospirifer angustus Arkonoceras arkonense Gomphoceras pingue Trematospira gibbosa Megakozlowskiella sculptilis Dolorthoceras exile Michelinoceras constrictum Tropidoleptus carinatus RB Meristella (2 sp.) Geisonoceras subulatum Spyroceras crotalum Tylothyris pauliformis Mesoleptostrophia junia Protokionoceras marcellense Mucrospirifer (2 sp.)RB? Orbiculoidea humilis Orthis lepidus Orthospirifer eurytines Rostroconchs Pentagonia bisulcata -- Conocardium normale Rhipidomella (4 sp.) Strophodonta plicata Other -- Coleolus undulata Bivalves Hyolithes actis Cimitaria (2 sp.) Actinopteria (2 sp.) Elymella nuculoides Cypricardella (2 sp.)RB? Dacryoconarids Gosseletia triqueta RB Cypricardinia indenta Nowakia halihanensis Tentaculites bellulus Nuculites (2 sp.) Goniophora glaucus Orthonota (3 sp.) Gramatodon (Macrodon) hamiltoni Trilobites Phestia rostellata RB Grammysia (4 sp.) Bellacartwrightia phyllocaudata RB Pholadella radiata RB? Grammysoidea (2 sp.)RB? Dipleura dekayi RB Phthonia (3 sp.) Leiopteria (4 sp.)RB? Greenops (2 sp.)RB Plethomytilus oviformia RB Limoptera obsoleta Otarion (2 sp.)RB Prothyris lanceolata RB Lyriopecten orbiculatus Tellinopsis subemarginata RB Modiomorpha subalata Corals-rugose Mytilarca (2 sp.) Acerularia davidsoni Aulacophyllum hemicrassum Nucula varicosa Microcyclus sp. Bethanyphyllum robustum Nuculoidea (2 sp.) Stromboides alpenesis Blothrophyllum conatum Nyassa recta RB? Tabulophyllum conatum Cystiphylloides conifolis Paleoneilo (5 sp.)RB? Tortophyllum cysticum Eridophyllum subcaespitosum Panenka (2 sp.) Heliophyllum (5 sp.) Pseudaviculopecten scabridus Heterophrentis (2 sp.) Pterinopecten (2 sp.) Stereolasma rectum Sphenotus (2 sp.)
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Table 3.9. (continued)
Corals- tabulate Stromatoporoidea Pleurodictyum (3 sp.)RB? Alveolites (2 sp.) Coenostroma pustulifera Stromatoporella granulata Aulocystis (2 sp.) Cladopora (3 sp.) Bryozoan Favosites (6 sp.) Acanthoclema sp. Fenestella (2 sp.) Romingeria cornuta Anomalotoechus (2 sp.) Fenestrepora biperforata Trachypora (3 sp.) Ascodictyon stellatum Fenestrellina (2 sp.) Atachtotoechus sp. Fistulipora (2 sp.) Echinoderm-crinoid Bactropora sp. Orthopora bipinulata Ancyrocrinus bulbosis RB? Acanthocrinus spinosus Botryllopora socialis Polypora simplex Arthroacantha carpenteri RB Dolatocrinus canadensis Eridotrypella (2 sp.) Stictoporina plumea Botryocrinus sp. RB Logocrinus geniculatus Hederella (3 sp.) Sulcoreteopora incisurata Clarkeocrinus troosti RB Hernodia sp. Cyttarocrinus (2 sp.) Heteronema monroei Decadocrinus sp. Leptotrypella sp. Eutaxocrinus whiteavesi RB Lioclema (2 sp.) Gennaeocrinus eucharis Monotrypella sp. Kolpidocrinus eriensis Palaeschara radiata Megistocrinus (4 sp.) Penniretepora sp. Melocrinus breviradiatus RB Pinacotrypa sp. Reptaria stolonifera Echinoderm-blastoid Retiporina (3 sp.) Devonoblastus leda Elaeocrinus elegans Rhombopora sp. Eleutherocrinus cassedyi RB Streblotrypa hamiltonensis Hyperoblastus sp. RB Taeniopora exigua Pentrimitidea whitei Trematoporella sp. Placoblastus sp.
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the region. In contrast to the lower Marcellus EESU incursion, which were derived mainly from
OWR Cordilleran taxa, this later influx of extrabasinal taxa was derived from the Rhenish-
Bohemian faunal province (Boucot, 1975). Among these are ubiquitous Hamilton brachiopods such as Tropidoleptus carinatus, Devonochonetes coronatus, Eumetabolotoechia, and
Spinocyrtia, as well as several bivalves, trilobites (e.g., Greenops), and most of the characteristic
Hamilton crinoid genera (McIntosh, 1983).
3.4.2. Michigan Basin
The Michigan Basin exhibits a parallel succession to that of the northern Appalachian
Basin/Wabash Platform. The Dundee Formation and Traverse Group are correlative to the
Appalachian Basin upper Onondaga and Hamilton, respectively (Figure 3.1). The lower
Marcellus-equivalent fauna occurs within the Rogers City Formation (Bartholomew, 2006).
The fauna of the Michigan Basin are considered to be within a different biogeographic subprovince from the Appalachian Basin, based on coral and brachiopod biogeography (e.g.,
Oliver and Pedder, 1979; Koch, 1978). The Dundee Formation, particularly in the southeast
Michigan type area, contains Appohimchi subprovince taxa (e.g., Fimbrispirifer, Megastrophia,
Protoleptostrophia, Rhipidomella) mixed with those typical of the Michigan Basin-Hudson Bay
Lowlands subprovince (e.g., Atrypa costata, Atrypa elgans, Schizophoria, Hexagonaria). The former group is particularly prevalent in Dundee exposures near Silica, OH, at the southern edge of the Michigan Basin.
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The transition from the Dundee to the Rogers City Formation displays a marked decrease in diversity, with only eight species out of 140 carried over from the Dundee to the Rogers City
(Figure 3.5, Table 3.10). This group represents 5.7% of the Dundee and 17% of the Rogers City fauna. Twelve taxa, or about 26% of the described Rogers City fauna, are tropical brachiopod and gastropod species that immigrated to the region from the OWR-Cordilleran faunal province
(e.g., Koch and Day, 1996; Blodgett, 1988). The remainder of the Rogers City fauna appears to consist of new taxa. Two of these (e.g., Nucula, Eoschizodus) are genera known from the
Wabash Platform during the Onondaga EESU. The rest are either too vaguely identified (e.g.,
"murchisonid" gastropod), or are of unknown biogeographic affinity. Some may be endemic to the Michigan Basin. One notable species in this list is the trilobite Dechenella valentini, which is known only from the lower part of the Rogers City Formation (Ehlers and Kesling, 1970). This species is similar to Dechenella haldemani, which exhibits a similarly restricted range in the coeval Stony Hollow Member in the Appalachian Basin (Lieberman, 1994). Leiberman suggested that both of these may have derived from the same parent stock in an as yet unknown area adjacent to the Appalachian and Michigan Basins, and then immigrated to these areas.
Carry over from the Rogers City Formation to the Traverse Group follows a similar pattern to that of their coeval Appalachian Basin counterparts, with only three species shared between the Rogers City and the Traverse faunas. These represent only a small fraction of both faunas
(Figure 3.5). Further, as shown in Table 3.10, almost all of the taxa shared by the Rogers City and Traverse Group are the same long-ranging genera that carried through from the Dundee to the Rogers City. Notably, in parallel in with both Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform areas, none of the OWR-Cordilleran province species carried over to the Traverse Group.
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Figure 3.5. Comparison of carryover and holdover patterns for Michigan Basin. The Dundee fauna included data from the Dundee of northwestern Ohio, southeastern Michigan, and northeastern Michigan. Rogers City fauna is from exposures in northeastern Michigan. Traverse fauna includes taxa the Silica and Ten-Mile Creek formations of northwestern Ohio, and from the Bell, Ferron Point, Genshaw, Newton Creek, Alpena, Four Mile Dam, and Newton Creek Formations of Michigan.
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Table 3.10. Rogers City fauna Unit abbreviations: Dun = Dundee, Trav = Traverse Old World Realm taxa: C = derived from Cordilleran region X= species present, G = genus present
Brachiopods OWR Dun -> -> Trav Carinatrypa dysmorphostrota C Desquamatia (Independatrypa) sp.C Emanuella sublineata C Gypidula n sp. B C Spinatrypa (Isospinatrypa) cf. borealis C Subrensselandia n sp.C Variatrypa arctica C Strophodonta musculosa ?GG Arcuaminetes scitulus XX Atrypa sp.GG Cyrtina hamiltonensis XX Orthospirifer n sp. A X G Pholidostrophia sp.GG Schizophoria n sp. A ? G G Spinulicosta spinulicosta XX Bivalves Actinopteria calliotis GG Actinopteria peninsularia GG Eoschizodus sp. Goniophora nucella X Leptodesma furcistriata XG Limoptera migrans GG Lyromytilus attenuatus Modiomorpha sp.GG Nucula sp. Paracyclas elliptica XG Phenacocylas pohli X Solenomorpha peninsularia Gastropods Buchelia tyrelli C Mastigospira ingens C Mastigospira intermedia C Omphalocirrus manitobensis C Straparollis cottrelli C Bellerophon sp. A Bellerophon sp. B GG Bellerophon sp. C Gyronema sp. Longstaffia speciosa Loxonema sp.G murchisonid sp. A murchisonid sp. B Strobeus pulchellus Rostroconchs Conocardium sp.GG Dacryoconarids Tentaculites sp.GG Trilobites Dechenella valentini Stromatoporoids Stromatopora sp.G Corals-rugose Hexagonaria borealis GG Corals-tabulate Favosites sp.GG Total 12 8 3
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Finally, a direct comparison of carryover from the Dundee (equivalent to the Onondaga
EESU) to the Traverse fauna (Figure 3.5) gives some perspective on longer term shifts in biogeographic boundaries. A total of 34 taxa are shared by the Dundee Formation and the
Traverse Group, in both cases including faunas from northwestern Ohio as well as from
Michigan, equating to a 24.3% carryover from the Dundee to the Traverse and comprising only
6.6% of the latter diverse fauna. However, this total includes 28 taxa that can be directly attributed to carry over from the Dundee to the Silica and Ten Mile Creek Formations in northwestern Ohio. Thus nearly all of the shared taxa are cosmopolitan or Appohimchi subprovince taxa that occur in this area near the margin of but not in the rest of the Michigan
Basin. Ten of the taxa which initially carry over into the Silica and Ten Mile Creek, later expand their range into the northern Michigan Basin, during deposition of the Alpena and Four Mile
Dam Formations (Bartholomew, 2006). Conversely, the Michigan Basin atrypids occurring in the northwestern Ohio Dundee exposures do not carry over to the Silica or Ten Mile Creek.
Thus, although the northwest Ohio fauna has Michigan Basin-Hudson Bay Lowlands subprovince affinities during the Onondaga EESU, it falls within the Appohimchi subprovince during the Hamilton EESU.
3.5. Regional perspectives on Middle Devonian EESUs
3.5.1. Recognition of regional EESUs
The boundaries between Brett and Baird's (1995) northern Appalachian Basin Onondaga,
Stony Hollow (lower Marcellus), and Hamilton ecological evolutionary subunits can be clearly differentiated regionally across ENA, both in the Wabash Platform area adjacent to the northern
Appalachian Basin, and in the nearby Michigan Basin. All of the units examined in this study
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exhibit a significant reduction in diversity from the Onondaga to lower Marcellus EESUs.
However, the extent of biotic change was much less pronounced in the carbonates of the Wabash
Platform, so the degree of differentiation between the EESUs in this area is not as strong as that exhibited in the Appalachian Basin. In this sense, the effect is a large-scale reduction in area of the shallow water limestones and some of the accompanying fauna, which persisted on the
Wabash Platform throughout the onset of foreland basin deepening in the Appalachian Basin.
The Wabash Platform was a refuge for long-ranging ENA taxa, including many generally associated with the Hamilton EESU fauna. Indeed, the Delaware fauna includes a nearly equal mix of taxa (Table 3.6, Figure 3.3) regionally common during the Onondaga EESU and younger forms considered by Brett and Baird (1995) to be typical of the Hamilton EESU. Many of the latter, primarily the bivalve mollusks, are actually holdovers from the Columbus and
Jeffersonville, but not the Onondaga, faunas. The latter observation is a departure from previous work focused on faunal turnover patterns primarily in the Appalachian Basin (Brett and Baird,
1995; Brett et al., 2009). Many of these "Hamilton" bivalves were thought to have immigrated to ENA from the Rhenish-Bohemian at the beginning of the Hamilton EESU (Bailey, 1983).
Evidently that is not the case, although their presence in the Columbus and Jeffersonville does not rule out earlier influxes of OWR taxa during the Onondaga EESU. For example, the
Rhenish-Bohemian brachiopod Paraspirifer entered the EAR in the Gaspe Bay area during the
Early Devonian Emsian Stage (Bizzarro and Lesperance, 1999) and reached the Appalachian
Basin-Wabash Platform region in the early to mid-Eifelian, appearing in the Onondaga EESU
(Johnson, 1978), where it occurs in the Moorehouse Member of the Onondaga, and coeval parts of Columbus, and Jeffersonville formations.
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Clearly the tectonic-induced subsidence of the Appalachian Basin with renewal of Acadian
orogenic activity had a large impact, as the lower Marcellus EESU is marked by the regional loss
of many taxa. Onondaga EESU brachiopods such as Acrospirifer, Costistrophonella, and
Eodevoniara, present in the Onondaga, Columbus and Jeffersonville Formations do not continue
into the lower Marcellus EESU anywhere within the region. Similarly the endemic North
American synphoriid trilobites (e.g., Coronura, Odontocephalus) go extinct in this interval or within the lowest Hamilton (Lesperance, 1975). The loss of these taxa, even from distal areas relatively unaffected by foreland basin development within the Appalachian Basin, suggests that the underlying cause(s) for the extinctions included more than habitat loss imposed by tectonically-induced deepening.
3.5.2. Distribution of OWR Cordilleran incursion fauna: extrinsic or intrinsic controls?
The lower Marcellus EESU appears to represent a 'sea-change' across much of eastern North
America, marked by an invasion of warm-water OWR taxa from the tropical Cordilleran province of western North America. The appearance of these extra-basinal taxa in the region was certainly facilitated by sea level rise and breaching of the Transcontinental Arch during the
T-R Cycle 1d highstand (Johnson et al., 1985, 1996; Day et al., 1996). Elements of this fauna are present in the Appalachian Basin, Wabash Platform, and Michigan Basin; thus, at some point pathways must have existed into all of these areas. However, one particularly interesting aspect is the variable success of the OWR invaders in establishing themselves in different parts of the region.
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At the onset of the lower Marcellus EESU, transgressive, deeper water conditions developed widely across the region. During this time, Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare was the only new species to appear in the Appalachian Basin. The antecedents of Cherryvalleyrostrum are unclear
(Sartenaer, 2004), but it does not appear to be derived from local stock. However,
"leiorhynchid" brachiopods are common in OWR Cordilleran province faunas. In coeval strata of central Ohio, C. limitare occurred with the OWR Cordilleran immigrant Warrenella maia
(Figure 3.4). Neither of these species occurred in the shallower water limestones of Michigan
Basin at this time. Instead, a more diverse assemblage, including Carinatrypa and Variatrypa, was present in the lower part the Rogers City Formation (Figure 3.5). This distribution pattern may be controlled in part by differences in facies. In northwestern Canada, Warrenella is most typical of shaly, deeper shelf to slope facies (Ludvigsen and Perry, 1975), whereas the other taxa are found on shallower water carbonates (Chatterton, 1978).
A different distribution pattern developed during a regressive episode in the later part of the lower Marcellus EESU. During this time Warrenella, Variatrypa and others occurred in relatively shallow calcareous siltstones of the Stony Hollow and Hurley Members (Figure 3.4A) along the eastern side of the northern Appalachian foreland basin. In the Michigan Basin OWR
Cordilleran Province brachiopods and bivalves occur in approximately coeval strata of the upper
Rogers City Formation. In contrast, on the Wabash Platform the Cordilleran fauna appears to have been completely excluded from the shallow water carbonates of the upper Delaware
Formation and Speeds Member of the North Vernon Formation. It has not been identified even in northern Ohio outcrops, close to the Michigan Basin. These areas (and the Wabash Platform
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in general) instead carried a dominantly Appalachian Basin (Appohimchi) fauna, made up of taxa largely held over from the Onondaga-Columbus EESU.
What can account for this near absence of Cordilleran taxa on the Wabash Platform? One plausible explanation is exclusion due to unfavorable circulation patterns and/or differing water masses which may have limited pathways for migration into the area. Because Warrenella and
Cherryvalleyrostrum did occur on the Wabash Platform early in the Marcellus EESU, this implies that circulation patterns in this area changed over time, or perhaps that the other
Cordilleran taxa were tracking different environmental conditions that were not favorable on the
Wabash Platform. However, Warrenella and Variatrypa co-occurred at some levels within the
Stony Hollow Member (Ver Straeten, unpublished data), implying some overlap of environmental tolerances.
A second possibility is suggested by the observation that, on the Wabash Platform,
Warrenella and Cherryvalleyrostrum occurred only in a low diversity assemblage in the lower
Delaware and did not persist higher in the formation, in beds containing a higher diversity assemblage of recurrent Onondaga-Columbus EESU brachiopod and coral taxa. Moreover,
Cordilleran taxa dominantly occurred in the Appalachian Basin where incumbent Onondaga
EESU taxa were temporarily absent, perhaps because of development of the high siliciclastic, low-oxygen regime of the foreland basin. While this pattern does not rule out extrinsic environmental controls, the general lack of overlap between EAR and OWR Cordilleran taxa raises the possibility of biotic exclusion of the OWR Cordilleran taxa by intrinsic factors.
Incumbent advantage (sensu Gilinsky and Bambach, 1987; Pimm, 1991) by EAR taxa may have
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played a role. Intrinsic factors such as ecological locking have been suggested by some (Morris,
1995; Morris et al., 1995) as a mechanism for maintaining community stability during EESUs, whereby tightly integrated communities may exclude invading taxa. But this is an extreme view that implies more tightly integrated interactions than are warranted by these data. Another mechanism suggested by Gilinsky and Bambach (1987), is that incumbent advantage derives from heavy use of resources by incumbent communities. A slight variation is the view of
Rosenzweig and McCord (1991), whereby incumbent species are 'finely tuned' to their local environment and thus not easily replaced even by well-adapted invaders. In either case, the idea is that invaders can only become successfully established in an area if the incumbent taxa are removed. Patzkowsky and Holland (2003) have questioned whether communities are ever completely saturated to the point that they could exclude invaders. Certainly the fact that OWR
Rhenish-Bohemian taxa entered the region and integrated with local incumbent taxa during both the Onondaga and lower Marcellus EESUs suggests that communities were not completely saturated.
3.5.3. Integration of OWR Rhenish Bohemian taxa
Another significant pattern concerns the degree of mixing of Old World Realm immigrants with the local ENA faunas at the lower Marcellus and Hamilton EESU boundaries, which show very different patterns. During the lower Marcellus EESU, the Wabash Platform fauna was largely locally-derived. The Delaware faunas showed very little mixing of OWR Cordilleran taxa, with only one brachiopod (Warrenella maia) of the fauna reaching the area, as noted above.
Conversely, bivalve genera from the Rhenish-Bohemian region did integrate into the local fauna, and persisted into the Hamilton EESU. In sharp contrast to the lower Marcellus EESU, the
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Hamilton EESU is marked by an exclusion of all Cordilleran taxa, but abundant representations by Rhenish-Bohemian immigrants, which mixed with local endemic (EAR) holdover species and descendants, both on the Wabash Platform and in the Appalachian Basin. In the northern
Appalachian Basin the Rhenish-Bohemian taxa integrate with returning local endemic and cosmopolitan taxa, with several genera (e.g., Mucrospirifer, Devonochonetes, Tropidoleptus,
Spinocyrtia, Eumetabolotoechia) comprising a high proportion of individuals in the recurring
Hamilton biofacies (e.g., Brett et al., 1990).
The degree of mixing and integration largely corresponds to the differing areas of origin of the incoming taxa. Early-arriving Rhenish-Bohemian bivalves integrated into the Delaware fauna on the Wabash Platform and later expanded into the Appalachian Basin during the
Hamilton EESU, whereas the Cordilleran taxa were excluded from the Delaware, and later extirpated from Appalachian Basin. Additional Rhenish-Bohemian species arriving during the
Hamilton EESU also integrated with local fauna and persisted. This suggests that Rhenish-
Bohemian taxa may have been more tolerant of/adaptable to a greater range of environments, or at least environments more similar to the warm-temperate EAR setting, than the Cordilleran immigrants.
3.6. Summary
The late Eifelian to early Givetian faunas of the Eastern Americas biogeographic realm experienced two episodes of pronounced faunal overturn. Ecological evolutionary subunits comparable in timing of faunal change to the Appalachian Basin Onondaga-lower Marcellus-
Hamilton series can be recognized in coeval strata of central Ohio, southeastern Indiana and the
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Michigan Basin. In each case EESU boundaries are approximately synchronous and defined by abrupt changes in faunal composition. However, the holdover and carryover ratios and persistence do not everywhere match those recognized by Brett and Baird (1995) and Brett et al.
(2009) for the northern Appalachian Basin. In particular faunas of the Wabash Platform area of central Ohio and southeastern Indiana were less affected than the Appalachian Basin, and the
Wabash Platform served as a refuge for several species extirpated from the Appalachian Basin by environmental changes brought on by tectonic and eustatic deepening.
A comparatively short lived incursion of OWR-Cordilleran taxa occurred during the time of the lower Marcellus EESU. These taxa spread widely across ENA, including the Michigan
Basin and Appalachian Basin where they mixed with local taxa, but were largely excluded from the Wabash Platform. All of these were extinguished from ENA during the Ka ák Bioevent marking the end of the lower Marcellus EESU, such that no representatives of the Cordilleran fauna are present during the Hamilton EESU.
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CHAPTER 4: Late Eifelian (Middle Devonian) Biocrises, Part II: Timing and signature of
the pre-Ka ák Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events in eastern North America
Abstract
The late Eifelian (Middle Devonian) was a time of substantial physical and biotic change in the marine realm, herein termed the Late Eifelian Biocrisis. This interval can be subdivided into three discrete bioevents, with the last being the widely recognized Ka ák Event in the ensensis conodont Zone near the Eifelian-Givetian stage boundary. The earlier bioevents, within the australis to eiflius Zones, are defined by striking faunal changes in the Appalachian Basin and coeval formations in adjacent areas of eastern North America. The first, the Bakoven Event
(australis conodont Zone), is marked by a significant reduction in faunal diversity in the uppermost Onondaga Limestone and overlying Bakoven Black Shale that is associated with eustatic/tectonic deepening and widespread hypoxia. The second, the Stony Hollow Event
(kockelianus-eiflius Zone), is marked by an incursion of tropical Old World Realm Cordilleran
Province taxa, including distinctive atrypid brachiopods, corals, and bivalves, into the subtropical to temperate shelf region of eastern North America. The incursion is recorded in the faunas of in the Stony Hollow, Hurley, and Cherry Valley members of the Marcellus subgroup in the Appalachian and in equivalent units in the Michigan and Iowa basins (Rogers City, Lake
Church, and Spillville Formations). The Stony Hollow Event is much less evident in the coeval
Delaware and North Vernon formations in the Wabash Platform of Ohio and southern Indiana.
The Stony Hollow bioevent appears to be associated with altered current patterns and/or climatic regime during the kockelianus-eiflius Zone interval.
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Approximately coeval formations in Europe and Morocco show the probable signatures of these events, indicating that the Bakoven and/or Stony Hollow may be global-scale events. In particular, the late Eifelian successions in the Eifel and Rhenish Schiefergebirge areas of
Germany, and in the Cantabrian Mountains of Spain show evidence for faunal turnover during the interval of the australis-kockelianus Zones. Both the Bakoven and Stony Hollow and the terminal Ka ák events appear to be associated with changes in climatic gradients and major disturbances in the global carbon cycle.
4.1. Introduction
The late Eifelian is marked by biotic turnovers that are associated with abrupt facies shifts.
The most recognized of these is the Ka ák Event (House, 1985), or otomari Event (Walliser,
1985). The Ka ák Event occurs within the interval of the ensensis conodont Zone and closely precedes the position of the Eifelian-Givetian stage boundary and GSSP established at Mech
Irdane, Morocco (Walliser et al., 1995). In the course of study by the authors of the Eifelian-
Givetian boundary faunas in eastern North America (DeSantis et al., 2007; Chapters 1 and 3) it became clear that significant faunal turnovers preceded the Ka ák Event during the interval of the australis-kockelianus Zones. The faunal changes associated with these earlier events occur on a regional scale (Figure 4.1), with incursions of warm water Old World Realm (OWR) taxa from the western North American Cordilleran Province into a large portion of the Eastern
Americas Realm (EAR) including the Appalachian, Michigan and Iowa Basins, and to a lesser extent the Wabash Platform area (Ohio and SE Indiana). These changes have been noted previously by several workers (e.g., Koch, 1978; Ver Straeten et al., 1994; Koch and Day, 1996;
Day, 1996; Brett and Baird, 1997) but they were generally considered to be the local signatures
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of the global Ka ák Event. These previous interpretations were due in part to the previously loose definition of what exactly constituted the Ka ák Event and to the poor biostratigraphic control in key North American sections.
The primary purpose of this paper is to define and characterize two new bioevents, herein named the Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events for the major stratal units in which they are recorded in the Appalachian Basin, and elsewhere in eastern North America (ENA). The effects of the two events on the Eastern Americas Realm (EAR) benthic faunas were as significant as the turnover of the slightly younger Ka ák Event. A secondary goal is to consider possible manifestations of the Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events in coeval strata in Europe (Rhenish
Bohemian) and North Africa. Consideration of these new bioevents may help resolve some of the confusion regarding the definition and timing of late Eifelian biotic turnovers in these areas.
For example, questions raised by Truyóls-Massoni et al. (1990) and García-Alcalde (1998) regarding earlier (kockelianus Zone) faunal turnover in the Cantabrian region of northern Spain.
In this context, the Bakoven and Stony Hollow events can be viewed, along with the Ka ák
Event, as parts of a multiphase biocrisis during the late Eifelian.
4.2. Ka ák Event
The Ka ák Event is generally marked by a global (eustatic) sea-level rise, often recorded by the deposition of dysoxic to anoxic dark shales over carbonate-shelf sediments. This event is recognized in many areas, including Europe, North Africa, Australia, and China, as summarized in House (1996a). Recent work in eastern North America (DeSantis et al., 2007) equates the
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Figure 4.1. Global paleogeographic reconstruction of the Eifelian-Givetian boundary interval showing the relative positions of the Eastern Americas (EAR) and Old World (OWR) realm faunas. Realm boundaries modified from Blodgett, Rohr and Boucot (1990); base map from Scotese and McKerrow (1989). Locations discussed in text include: 1 = Northern Africa; 2 = Spain; 3 = Czech Republic; 4 = Central Germany, including the Eifel and Rhenohercynian Shelf regions; 5 = Western Canada; 6 = Appalachian Basin; Wabash Platform.
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Ka ák Event with the East Berne Member of the Oatka Creek Formation in the Appalachian
Basin (Figure 4.2). DeSantis et al. (2007) also summarize the biostratigraphy of the event and should be consulted for details.
Biotic turnovers in the late Eifelian are primarily recorded in pelagic faunas, including the goniatite cephalopods, conodonts, and dacryoconarids. Among the goniatites, anarcestids show a severe reduction in diversity in the late Eifelian, followed by the introduction of the tornoceratids early in the Givetian (see Fig. 1 of Becker and House, 2000). Chlupacites,
Foordites, and Pinacites go extinct slightly prior to the Ka ák Event. The extinctions of several genera, including Kokenia, Fidelites, Mithraxites, Subanarcestes, Parodiceras, and Exopinacites, occur within the Ka ák Event interval (Becker and House, 1994, 2000; Walliser, 1996).
Conversely, the genus Maenioceras, originates within the event interval, and the genera
Holzapfeloceras, Wedkindella, and the Cabrieroceras crispiforme group undergo diversification during this time (Becker and House, 1994).
Conodonts similarly show abrupt turnover during this time. The Ka ák Event is associated with the loss of several species including Tortodus kockelianus kockelianus, Polygnathus trigonicus, P. angustipennatus, and P. robusticostatus (Bultynck, 1987, 1989; Weddige, 1988).
Also at this time evolution within several lineages, in particular the P. pseudofoliatus group, resulting in P. hemiansatus, the biostratigraphic marker for the base of the Givetian Stage
(Walliser et al, 1995).
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Figure 4.2. Time rock chart showing correlation of units considered in this study, and levels of the Bakoven, Stony Hollow and Ka ák events in eastern North America. Conodont data from Bultynck (1976), Uyeno et al. (1982); Sparling (1984, 1995, 1999); Klapper (1971, 1981) and Ramsey (1969). Ammonoid zones from House (1978, 1981) and Becker & House (1994, 2000). TR cycles are those of Johnson et al. (1985, 1996).
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The dacryoconarid Nowakia otomari is generally considered to be an indicator for the Ka ák
Event (or the otomari Event sensu Walliser 1985), occurring, for example, in the Ka ák Shale of the Czech Republic (Chlupá and Kukal, 1986), the Odershausen Formation of Germany
(Walliser, 1985; Schöne, 1997), and the "otomari Shale" in Morocco (Bultynck and Walliser,
2000). However, despite previous assumptions that this dacryconarid originates at the base of the Ka ák Event interval, earlier (kockelianus Zone) occurrences of N. otomari are reported from
Nevada (Lütke, 1985), and from northern Spain (Truyóls-Massoni et al., 1990).
4.3. Regional geologic setting
The study area is divided into four areas: the Appalachian Basin; the Wabash Platform; the
Michigan Basin; and the Mid-continent including parts of northern Indiana, SE Wisconsin and the Iowa Basin (Figure 4.3). During the late Eifelian, eastern North America underwent a major shift in depositional architecture, which had profound effects on the regional biota. Tectonic loading associated with the second tectophase of the Acadian Orogeny (Ettensohn, 1985), coupled with a eustatic sea-level rise (TR cycle 1d of Johnson et al., 1985) produced a deep, at times anoxic (Murphy, 2000; Werne et al., 2002) foreland basin, disrupting deposition of the shallow shelf/basin carbonates in the medial Appalachian Basin. Siliciclastic sediments shed from the newly uplifted source areas to the east began filling the starved basin with dark, laminated, organic-rich shales of the Marcellus subgroup. The carbonate shelf of central Ohio, at the eastern edge of the Wabash Platform, can be considered a distal up-ramp extension of the foreland basin, and was affected to a lesser degree than the basin axis. During this time the
Michigan Basin generally remained a center of carbonate deposition, although Acadian
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siliciclastics reached the eastern portions of the basin in the early Givetian. The Wabash
Platform and Mid-continent area was also a region of shallow water carbonate deposition during late Eifelian time.
Paleogeographic reconstructions place central and eastern North America in the warm- temperate to temperate climatic belts, with the Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform between
35 and 40º south latitude and the Michigan and Iowa Basins positioned slightly closer to the equator (Scotese and McKerrow, 1990). Latitudinal temperature gradients likely influenced the distribution of faunas within the region. Boucot (1975) and Koch (1978, 1981) divide the
Eastern Americas Realm into two biogeographic provinces: 1) the Appohimchi Province centered on the Appalachian Basin; and 2) the Michigan Basin-Hudson Bay Lowland Province, that included areas of Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, northern Illinois and Iowa. The transition zone between the two provinces extends from Ontario in the north, through southeastern
Michigan, central Ohio and southern Indiana (Koch, 1978, 1981).
4.4. Faunal turnover patterns: eastern North America
Observations of faunal changes are derived from review of the literature augmented by first- hand measurement of sections and observation of faunas. The latter effort focused primarily on the Appalachian Basin and adjacent areas of Ohio and Indiana. The regional stratigraphic correlation (Figure 4.2) is modified from DeSantis et al. (2007). A compilation of faunal data for the late Eifelian of eastern North America is included in DeSantis (2010).
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Figure 4.3. Paleogeographic map of Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform region showing locations of study areas. Paleolatitude position based on Witzke and Heckel (1989) and Witzke (1990). Locality key: 1 = eastern New York; 2 = west-central New York; 3 = north-central Ohio; 4 = central Ohio; 5 = southeastern Indiana; 6 = north-central Indiana; 7 = Michigan; 8 = southeastern Wisconsin; 9 = Iowa.
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4.4.1. Appalachian Basin
In the Appalachian Basin two major biotic changes preceding the Ka ák Event are recorded
in the strata of the Marcellus subgroup of New York (Figure 4.4) and in coeval strata in
Pennsylvania, Maryland and West Virginia.
4.4.1.1. Bakoven Shale
The Bakoven Shale records the near extinction of the Onondaga fauna and its replacement by
a relatively low diversity fauna. Although biostratigraphic control for the Bakoven interval is
poor, the underlying Seneca Member of the Onondaga falls within the conodont costatus Zone,
while the overlying Stony Hollow through Cherry Valley succession is within the upper part of
the kockelianus (=eiflius) Zone. Thus the Bakoven Event likely occurred during the australis
through lower kockelianus conodont Zones.
In terms of abundance the Bakoven fauna is primarily pelagic, and is comprised the
dacryoconarids Styliolina and Striatostyliolina (Lindemann, 2002), and nautiloids. The rare
benthic fauna is typified by the dysoxic-tolerant leiorhynchid (Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare –
formerly Leiorhynchus limitare) and orbiculoid brachiopods (Orbiculoidea) and small bivalves
(Pterochania fragilis). A slightly more diverse assemblage of diminutive brachiopods, including
juvenile Cherryvalleyrostrum, Ambocoelia, and Truncalosia?, as well as small pterioid bivalves and Pterochania fragilis, occurs at certain levels. The latter assemblage is similar to distinctive diminutive-brachiopod facies that recurs at several levels higher, in the Hamilton (e.g., Athol
Springs Bed of the Ledyard Mbr, Ludlowville Fm.; see McCollum, 1991).
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Figure 4.4. Cross-section of Ka ák Event interval strata in New York, showing positions and timing of Appalachian Basin faunal events. TR Cycles after Johnson et al. (1985, 1996). Abbreviations: LP smbr = Lincoln Park submember; Chestnut St. smbr = Chestnut Street submember, both of the Hurley Member. Chitt. = Chittenango Member of the Oatka Creek/Mount Marion Formation.
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In a collection from the uppermost part of the Bakoven Shale, Boucot (in Koch and Day,
1996) reported a fauna including Atlanticocoelia acutiplicata, Warrenella (Warrenella) cf. maia, and C. limitare. Atlanticocoelia is a holdover from the Onondaga fauna. The occurrence of
Warrenella (Warrenella) in the Bakoven is significant, as this genus also occurs in the coeval lower Delaware Formation in Ohio, associated with C. limitare. A related species, W.
(Warrenellina) extensa, occurs in the Spillville and Lake Church Formations of the Mid- continent, associated with Variatrypa arctica and other Old World Realm immigrants from the
Cordilleran province. In the Appalachian Basin the additional OWR immigrants do not appear until slightly higher, in the Stony Hollow Member.
In many areas of the foreland basin the biotic change of the Bakoven Event coincides with the abrupt lithologic change from fossiliferous limestones to dark calcareous shales and concretionary limestones, marking a rapid deepening within the Appalachian Basin. This facies change poses a problem for assessing the extent and cause of the event. Certainly the profound change in faunas reflects in part the marked change in environment from a moderately deep carbonate shelf to a deep dysoxic basin. However, comparison of faunas from older examples of similar deep-water, dysoxic facies suggests turnover in these environments as well. The
Bakoven black shale fauna has little in common with that of the dark calcareous shales of the
Needmore Formation, the deeper-water correlative of the Onondaga Formation in Pennsylvania,
West Virginia, and Maryland. The dark shales within the Needmore carry the productid
Truncalosia, ambocoeliids and Atlanticocoelia (Prosser et al., 1913; Inners, 1975; Koch, 1981), whereas the Bakoven is dominated by dacryoconarids and Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare. The
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latter species commonly occurs in dense monospecific pavements in the Bakoven but is absent from the Needmore.
Although the major biotic break occurs at the Onondaga-Union Springs (Bakoven) contact, subtle faunal changes in the Seneca Member of the Onondaga Formation precede this event.
These changes are marked by a general decrease in diversity compared with the subjacent
Moorehouse Member, the abundant occurrence of the chonetid brachiopod Hallinetes lineatus and the strophomenid brachiopod Chonostrophia reversa (e.g., Oliver, 1954; Feldman, 1980).
To the west in Ohio/Indiana these brachiopods are associated with 'Mucrospirifer' consobrinus and Brevispirifer lucasensis, which appear to be typical components of late costatus-early australis Zone faunas of the EAR Michigan Basin Hudson Bay Lowlands Province (Koch,
1981). Chonostrophia reversa continues into the lower Union Springs limestones in central New
York, and is also present in the lower units of the Delaware Formation in Ohio as discussed below.
4.4.1.2. Stony Hollow-Hurley-Cherry Valley
The Stony Hollow, Hurley, and Cherry Valley members collectively record the second major bioevent of the Marcellus subgroup. These three units also comprise the first major depositional cycle of the Hamilton Group (Figure 4.2). Overall the succession consists of shallowing from the Bakoven into the Stony Hollow, followed by several pulses of transgression occurring through the Hurley-Cherry Valley members culminating in dark shales of the East Berne
Member. The Stony Hollow forms the upper, regressive portion of the Union Springs 3rd order sequence, while the Hurley-Cherry Valley comprises the lowstand to early TST of the overlying
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Oatka Creek sequence (Brett et al., in press). Shallowing occurred within the kockelianus conodont Zone, and thus is associated with the later part of TR Cycle Id and the early part of Ie of Johnson et al. (1985, 1996).
The Stony Hollow-Hurley succession contains an unusual suite of benthic taxa found in neither the underlying Onondaga, nor in the overlying units of the Hamilton Group. The fauna is dominated by tropical OWR immigrants from the Cordilleran and Rhenish-Bohemian provinces.
These include the brachiopods Variatrypa arctica, Pentamerella cf. wintereri, Spinatrypa cf. S. borealis, and Warrenella (Warrenella) maia, and the rugose coral Guerichiphyllum cf. echoense.
These taxa are immigrants from NW Canada and the Cordilleran region of the western United
States (Koch and Day, 1996; Oliver and Pedder, 1979). Two additional brachiopods, Kayserella americana and Skenidium, and the crinoid Haplocrinites clio are present in the Hurley Member.
Kayserella and Haplocrinites are OWR Rhenish-Bohemian species (Struve and Werner, 1982;
Webster and Rakhmonov, 2009). Skenidium has EAR affinities (e.g., Boucot et al., 1968) but was apparently missing from the Appalachian Basin during the Emsian and early Eifelian. These three taxa likely migrated to the Appalachian Basin from the OWR Rhenish-Bohemian Province.
Another characteristic taxon, the proetid trilobite Dechenella haldemani, is found only in the
Stony Hollow-Hurley interval and is endemic to the Appalachian Basin (Lieberman, 1994). In addition to the immigrant taxa, the Stony Hollow and Hurley contain two Onondaga holdovers, the brachiopods Atlanticocoelia acutiplicata and Leptaena. These mark the final Appalachian
Basin occurrence of the former, and the last occurrence preceding a substantial gap of Leptaena, a genus that is missing from the remainder of Hamilton Group but recurs in the overlying Tully
Formation (Brett and Baird, 1997).
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The Stony Hollow-Hurley interval also records the influx of a number of OWR pelagic taxa.
The goniatites Parodiceras discoideum, Cabrieroceras crispiforme plebeiforme, Holzapfeloceras sp., and Agoniatites vanuxemi nodiferous (see House, 1978) place the Stony Hollow-Hurley interval within the MD I-F goniatite Zone (Becker and House, 1994, 2000). In addition,
Lindemann (2002) documents the dacryoconarids Styliolina, Viratellina, Striatostyliolina,
Costulatostyliolina, and Nowakia. According to Lindemann, this is the first reported occurrence of the latter two genera in the Devonian of the Appalachian Basin. To date, the local dacryoconarid record has not been tied to the international nowakiid zonation.
The Cherry Valley Limestone is also known for its pelagic fauna, composed of styliolinids and a diverse assemblage of nautiloid and ammonoid cephalopods (e.g., Agoniatites vanuxemi).
The Cherry Valley also contains a limited benthic fauna, of brachiopods (including C. limitare,
‘Leiorhynchus’ mysia, atrypids), bivalves, straparollid gastropods and auloporid corals. The pelagic-dominated Cherry Valley fauna does not have a counterpart in coeval strata of Eastern
North America outside of the Appalachian Basin, but it is similar to the cephalopod limestones of the coeval Odershausen Formation of Germany and condensed limestones in Morocco. In this respect, the Cherry Valley fauna record a taphonomic epibole as well as incursions of extra- basinal taxa from the Old World Realm. Portions of the Cherry Valley also contain auloporid coral biostromes, some of the lowest occurrences of such in the Appalachian Basin. The biostromes proliferate at the maximum flooding and associated condensed intervals at many levels in the Hamilton Group. The Cherry Valley also records the highest occurrence of elements of the unusual Stony Hollow fauna. It is overlain, at a sharp contact, by black shales of
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the East Berne Member of the Oatka Creek Formation, the unit that records the Ka ák Event in the Appalachian Basin.
4.4.2. Wabash Platform (Ohio, SE Indiana)
On the Wabash Platform, the up-ramp equivalents of the Appalachian foreland basin succession described above, record a parallel, but not as extreme, series of biotic changes. In
Ohio this interval is represented by the relatively continuous depositional succession of the
Delaware Formation. However, in the equivalent North Vernon Formation of SE Indiana parts of the succession are missing or strongly condensed (Figure 4.5).
4.4.2.1. Dublin
The dark, bituminous, platy limestones and shales of the Dublin Shale Member marks a sharp change from the shelf-limestones of the Venice member at top of the Columbus and coeval
Stratford member of the Delaware in central Ohio (DeSantis et al., 2007). The deepening recorded by the Dublin, like the Bakoven, probably began in the interval of the australis Zone and continued into the interval of the early kockelianus Zone based on Sparling (1985). The transgression corresponds to TR Cycle Id of Johnson et al. (1985, 1996).
The Dublin fauna, with abundant Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare and orbiculoid brachiopods, is similar to that of the Bakoven fauna of the Appalachian Basin. In addition, the presence of
Chonostrophia reversa in the Dublin as well as in the underlying Stratford member suggests a tie to the Appalachian Basin succession, as Chonostrophia is abundant only in the Seneca Member of the upper Onondaga and in the lowest interbedded limestones and shales of the overlying
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Bakoven Member. Another important component of the Bakoven fauna, Warrenella
(Warrenella) maia, also appears in the Stratford and Dublin members and continues into the upper Delaware (Figure 4.6). The occurrence of Warrenella in the Stratford is significantly earlier (australis vs. kockelianus Zone) than its first appearance elsewhere, particularly in the
Mid-continent. As noted previously, in the Appalachian Basin, Warrenella first occurs in the upper Bakoven Shale (kockelianus Zone), just before the appearance of other OWR taxa in the
Stony Hollow Member. Its early occurrence in Ohio suggests that Warrenella migrated into the
EAR late in TR cycle Id (australis-lower kockelianus Zone).
4.4.2.2. Lewis Center
The Lewis Center fauna is recorded within a series of grainstone beds in the upper part of the
Delaware Formation in Ohio and in the Speeds and Deputy Members of the North Vernon
Formation in southern Indiana (Figures 4.5, 4.6, 4.7). This succession correlates with the Stony
Hollow-Halihan Hill Bed interval in New York (DeSantis et al., 2007) and corresponds to the upper kockelianus (= eiflius) through ensensis conodont Zones (Klug, 1983). Interestingly, these beds do not carry the distinctive Stony Hollow-Hurley or Cherry Valley faunas, but rather are typified by brachiopod taxa common in both the older Columbus/Onondaga limestones and in the younger Hamilton faunas.
In Ohio the Lewis Center fauna occurs in a cluster of three fossiliferous skeletal pack- and grainstones (Figures 4.5, 4.6). These units sharply overlie, at an erosional contact, the cherty limestones of the middle Delaware. The lowest, or Lewis Center bed (L1) contains a diverse coral-brachiopod fauna with abundant strophomenid brachiopods, Pseudoatrypa, Rhipidomella
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Figure 4.5. Cross section of late Eifelian-early Givetian strata in Ohio and Indiana, showing positions and timing of Wabash Platform faunal events. TR Cycles after Johnson et al. (1985) and Johnson and Klapper (1992). Abbreviations: LC = Lewis Center bed; Hadro. = Hadrophyllum bed; aulop. = auloporid bed; Plum Brk = Plum Brook Formation; Bchwd. = Beechwood Member.
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Figure 4.6. Measured stratigraphic column and distribution of taxa from a small abandoned stone quarry and outcrop along a small tributary entering the Olentangy River near Stratford, Ohio.
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vanuxemi, and rugose corals (Figure 4.6). A similar diverse brachiopod assemblage occurs along with auloporid corals in the highest bed (L3). The middle bed (L2) carries a low diversity assemblage typified by Hadrophyllum d’orbignyi. Rare proetid trilobites (cf. Dechenella haldemani) found in this bed at some localities suggest a link to the Stony Hollow-Hurley faunas.
In southern Indiana, the succession is truncated/condensed relative to sections in central Ohio with equivalents of the Dublin/Bakoven Members removed (Figure 4.5). Fossiliferous grainstones of the Speeds Member sharply overlie the Jeffersonville Formation. The Speeds and
Deputy Members of southern Indiana contain both a diverse brachiopod assemblage including
Strophodonta demissa and Rhipidomella vanuxemi, as well as Hadrophyllum d'orbignyi (Figure
4.7).
4.4.3. Michigan Basin
In the Michigan Basin, the equivalent to the Appalachian Basin Bakoven-Stony Hollow-East
Berne succession is recorded by the Dundee, Rogers City, and Bell Shale formations (Figures
4.2, 4.8).
4.4.3.1 Dundee Formation
With comparatively limited exposures, the Dundee fauna is not as well known as correlative faunas in Ohio and New York. The genera listed by Bassett (1935) also occur in the Onondaga,
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Figure 4.7. Stratigraphic column from Speeds Quarry at Speeds, Indiana showing distribution of taxa. Note that none of the characteristic Stony Hollow taxa are present here. The fauna has many taxa, notably Hadrophyllum, in common with the grainstone beds in the upper Delaware of central Ohio.
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lower Delaware (Stratford member) and upper Columbus (Venice Member), although in many cases the species differ.
In the Presque Isle quarry in the Alpena area of northeastern Michigan the limestones of the uppermost Dundee Formation (Figure 4.8) contain abundant chert and shaly interbeds, that contrast with the underlying more pure carbonates. Based on pattern and timing, the influx of clastic material is likely related to the eustatic deepening event which produced the Bakoven (in part) and Dublin shales elsewhere. The rich brachiopod fauna in these shaly carbonates includes
Emanuella which is also found with other OWR immigrant taxa in the lower beds of the overlying Rogers City Formation. Interestingly, Warrenella has not been reported from the
Michigan Basin, either in the Dundee or the Rogers City Formation.
4.4.3.2 Rogers City Formation
The Rogers City Formation contains a series of macrofaunas (Figure 4.8) defined by Ehlers and Kesling (1970), and updated by Koch and Day (1996). Brachiopod and mollusk immigrants from the OWR Cordilleran Province are a dominant component of all of the Rogers City faunal zones. The timing of these immigrations into the Michigan Basin is of key interest. The conodont P. costatus costatus, found in the lowest three meters of the Rogers City (Figure 4.8, units Rc1 through Rc3), constrains these beds to being no younger than australis Zone age
(Bultynck, 1976; Uyeno et al., 1982). Thus the OWR fauna in the lower Rogers City, discussed below, is approximately contemporaneous with the occurrences of Warrenella and
Cherryvalleyrostrum in the Stratford and Dublin members of the Delaware Formation in central
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Figure 4.8. Composite column and faunal intervals of the uppermost Dundee Formation and Rogers City Limestone, Michigan Basin. Upper part of the Dundee Limestone was measured by the authors at the Presque Isle Quarry. The Rogers City column and faunas are modified from Ehlers and Kesling (1970) and Koch and Day (1996), based on exposure at the Calcite Quarry.
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Ohio (Figure 4.2). Further, this is earlier than the occurrence of most of the OWR immigrants
(including Variatrypa) in the Stony Hollow and Hurley members in New York.
The Emanuella zone, comprising the basal beds (Figure 8, Units Rc1 and Rc2; Ehlers and
Kesling, 1970), contains several OWR taxa, such as Emanuella sublineata, Carinatrypa dysmorphostrota, Spinatrypa borealis, and Desquamatia (Independatrypa), as well as cosmopolitan forms such as Cyrtina, Eoschuchertella and Spinulicosta. The proetid trilobite
Dechenella valentini, is restricted to this zone (Lieberman, 1994), a distribution somewhat similar to the occurrence of the related Appalachian Basin taxon Dechenella haldemani, a species that is restricted to a few beds within the Stony Hollow-Hurley interval. Many taxa present in the Emanuella zone do not carry through to the immediately overlying units, but this may be a reflection of shifting biofacies, as the Rogers City generally exhibits a shallowing upward succession.
In the Atrypa zonule, (Unit Rc3) at the base of the Omphalocirrus zone, Variatrypa arctica appears along with Gypidula, Subrensselandia and an EAR brachiopod, Orthospirifer n. sp. A
(Koch and Day, 1996). The overlying Gypidula zonule (Unit Rc4) is dominated by Gypidula with a few Variatrypa arctica. The Omphalocirrus Zone is also characterized by OWR gastropods Mastigospira, Omphalocirrus manitobensis and Buechelia tyrellii, and the bivalve
Liromytilus attenuatus. This is an assemblage similar to that in the Miami Bend Formation of
SE Indiana (Figure 4.2).
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The uppermost beds of the Rogers City Formation (Unit Rc6) contain abundant corals and stromatoporoids. This coral-rich interval, occurring just below the abrupt contact with the Bell
Shale, may represent the Michigan Basin correlative of the Cherry Valley Limestone. However, the abundant goniatites characteristic of the latter unit are not present here. None of the distinctive OWR taxa in the Rogers City Formation carry over into the Bell Shale, the lowest unit of the Traverse Group. A fossiliferous coral bed low in the Bell Shale carries a fauna with many taxa common to the rest of the overlying Traverse and also similar, at the genus level, to the Hamilton Group fauna of New York (Bartholomew, 2006).
4.4.4. ENA Midcontinent
Elements of the OWR incursion fauna occur at several other localities in the ENA
Midcontinent region (Figure 4.3). At all of these localities the relationship of the fauna to the under- and overlying succession is not well understood, in part owing to poor exposure, unconformable contacts, and/or unfossiliferous strata bracketing the incursion interval.
However, these exposures give some insight into the biogeographic extent of the incursions associated with the Stony Hollow Event.
4.4.4.1. Iowa Basin
Late Eifelian carbonates of the Spillville and Otis Formations (Figures 4.2, 4.9) of northern
Iowa unconformably overlie Ordovician and Silurian rocks. Locally, basal sandy to shaly, dolostones of the Lake Meyer member of the Spillville Formation and the Bertram Formation record the initial Devonian marine transgression into this area (Day et al., 1996; Witzke and
Bunker, 2006). These basal strata are devoid of fossils, but they pass upward into thicker bedded
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fossiliferous dolostones containing tropical OWR faunas. The fossiliferous portion of the
Spillville contains conodonts of the curtigladus fauna, linking it with strata of the Canadian Elk
Point Basin and suggesting an upper kockelianus to ensensis Zone age for the Spillville (Klapper and Barrick, 1983). However, none of the defining taxa of those conodont zones are present.
Strata of the Kenwood Member of the Pinicon Ridge Formation immediately overlying the
Spillville are unfossiliferous.
Day (1996) and Koch and Day (1996) reported two faunal intervals within the Spillville
(Figure 4.9). The older ‘Spinulicosta-Spinatrypa’ fauna occurs in the lower 4-5 meters of the formation, and is characterized by the brachiopod taxa Spinulicosta spinulicosta, Carinatrypa dysmorphostrota, Spinatrypa borealis, Emanuella, Warrenella (Warrenellina) extensa, and
Gypidula. All but the first two carry over into the overlying ‘Spinatrypina-Orthospirifer’ fauna, which occurs in the upper part of the formation and is characterized by the addition of
Spinatrypina edmundsi, Orthospirifer, Variatrypa arctica, Emanuella meristoides, Strophodonta musculosa, and others.
Koch and Day (1996) observed that the faunal zones in the Spillville that generally parallel those of the Michigan Basin (compare Figures 4.8 and 4.9). Thus the Spinulicosta-Spinatrypa fauna of the Spillville is similar to the Emanuella zone of the Rogers City, and the Spinatrypina-
Orthospirifer fauna resembles that of Omphalocirrus zone, particularly the lower part. However, some of the taxon ranges differ, such that Orthospirifer n sp. A, Schuchertella, and Schizophoria, of the Emanuella zone of the Rogers City are restricted to the upper fauna in Iowa, whereas
Gypidula and Strophodonta musculosa occur in the lower fauna in Iowa. Moreover, despite
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Figure 4.9. Stratigraphic section and distribution of taxa in the Spillville Formation, Spillville, Iowa. Modified from Koch and Day 1996.
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these parallels, the conodont biostratigraphy indicates a difference in timing in the arrival in the different areas (Figure 4.2).
4.4.4.2. SE Wisconsin
The Lake Church Formation of southeastern Wisconsin also contains a mixed EAR/OWR fauna with many taxa in common with both the Spillville and Rogers City Formations. The fauna includes the OWR brachiopods Carinatrypa, Emanuella, Warrenella and Variatrypa
(Greisimer 1965, Koch and Day 1996).
4.4.4.3. Northern Indiana
Brachiopods with Old World Realm affinities were reported from the Miami Bend Formation of north-central Indiana by Cooper and Phelan (1966), particularly Subrensselandia in the middle part of the formation. Slightly higher in the Miami Bend are occurrences of OWR gastropods Mastigospira, Buechelia tyrellii, and Omphalocirrus manitobensis, and the bivalve
Liromytilus attenuatus, all of which are in common with the Rogers City Formation in the
Michigan Basin and younger Givetian platform carbonates of the Upper Member of the
Winnipegosis Formation of southwestern Manitoba. The Miami Bend fauna also records the influx of a number of OWR coral taxa into the mid-continent (Oliver and Pedder, 1979).
4.4.5. Summary
The primary signature of the Stony Hollow incursion was an abrupt expansion of OWR
Cordilleran province taxa into Eastern North America (ENA). The immigration records a major expansion of biogeographic boundaries, as most of the taxa, or closely-related forms, remained
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in the OWR Cordilleran area throughout and after the Stony Hollow Event. In NW Canada
(Great Slave Lake), for example, although Carinatrypa dysmorphostrota does not range beyond the kockelianus Zone, Emanuella meristoides, Emanuella sublineata, Warrenella, Variatrypa, and Independatrypa persist through the kockelianus Zone and carry through into the Givetian
(Norris, 1998) in central and western Canadian OWR carbonate platform faunas.
The spatial distribution and timing of appearance of various OWR taxa is not uniform across the region. Although this may be partially due to preservation or sampling bias, the patterns suggest that the OWR fauna may have arrived in ENA via multiple pathways (Figure 4.10), and perhaps in multiple waves. Carinatrypa is limited to lower occurrences of the fauna in Michigan
Basin, SE Wisconsin and the Iowa Basin. Warrenella has the widest distribution, and perhaps most significantly (discussed below) occurs much earlier than the rest of the fauna in the
Appalachian Basin and in Ohio. Spinatrypa borealis occurs widely, as does Variatrypa arctica; both found in the Appalachian, Michigan and Iowa basins. Desquamatia (Independatrypa) has been found in the Michigan Basin during the interval of the Stony Hollow Event, although it occurs in middle Givetian age strata (Solon Member of the Little Cedar Formation) in the Iowa
Basin (Day, 1996). Spinatrypa borealis, Emanuella meristoides and E. sublineata have recently been identified with EAR taxa in the upper part of the Grand Tower Formation (late Eifelian) in the Illinois Basin (Day, personal communication 2007), in addition to the Michigan Basin.
Migration into the Appalachian Basin may have occurred from the Michigan Basin via the
Chatham Sag in southwestern Ontario (Figure 4.10B). Alternatively, Variatrypa arctica together with Desquamatia (Independatrypa) and other OWR-Cordilleran species have also been found within the Murray Island Formation of the Moose River Basin (Sanford and Norris, 1975; Day,
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personal communication 2007), suggesting perhaps a more directly path to the Michigan Basin, and potentially to the Appalachian Basin (Figure 4.10A, B)
Although the Cordilleran OWR fauna ranged widely across ENA, it largely bypassed the central Ohio-southern Indiana region (Figure 4.10B). Warrenella maia was the only tropical immigrant to reach this area, and it appeared early (australis Zone) mixed with endemic EAR taxa within the Stratford and Dublin members of the Delaware. Grainstones of the upper
Delaware and Speeds, coeval with the Appalachian Basin Stony Hollow-Cherry Valley succession, carry a number of endemic EAR brachiopods that carry over from the
Columbus/Onondaga fauna, but no evidence of Variatrypa and other OWR taxa found in the
Stony Hollow, Rogers City, Lake Church and Spillville. Perhaps the water mass in the central
Ohio area remained cooler throughout the interval, or maybe current patterns or other physical barriers existed that blocked the warmer-water fauna from entering this region.
Similarly, in New York Warrenella appears in the upper Bakoven (kockelianus Zone), slightly earlier than the other OWR immigrants. Alternatively, it is possible that all of the OWR taxa immigrated into the region at the approximately same time, but that their order of appearance was facies-controlled. Warrenella may have been more tolerant of deeper, dysoxic conditions, as suggested by its association with Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare and
Atlanticocoelia. The latter two brachiopods are typical of deeper water benthic assemblages (e.g.,
BA 4-5 assemblages sensu Boucot, 1975) in the Appalachian Basin (Koch, 1981).
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Figure 4.10. A) Late Eifelian to early Givetian paleogeographic reconstruction of Laurentia (modified from Koch and Day 1996, base map from Witzke and Heckel 1989). Arrows indicated hypothesized migration paths of taxa from: (1) tropical Old World realm (OWR), Cordilleran province, including Warrenella, Emanuella, Carinatrypa dysmorphostrota, Variatrypa arctica Pentamerella wintereri, Spinatrypina; and Gypidula; (2) OWR, Rhenish- Bohemian province, including Kayserella americana, Skenidium, Haplocrinites, Tropidoleptus carinatus, Devonochonetes coronatus, and Spinocyrtia. B) Paleogeographic map of Appalachian Basin and Wabash Platform region showing distribution pattern and hypothesized migration route of OWR, Cordilleran province taxa. Localities same as shown in Figure 4.3.
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A similar pattern of appearance is evident even in shallower carbonates of the Iowa Basin, where Warrenella (Warrenellina) extensa first occurs within the lower faunal interval of the
Spillville. The later appearance (kockelianus Zone?) of Warrenella in the Spillville Formation seems paradoxical, as this area was presumably closer to source and migration path of these taxa
(Figure 4.10). The delayed Mid-continent appearance can be attributed to the later inundation of the Iowa Basin as part of the ongoing flooding of the continent throughout the Middle to Upper
Devonian during the transgression of T-R cycle Ie of Johnson et al. (1985, 1996) and Johnson and Klapper (1992).
4.5. Causes of ENA biotic turnovers
Walliser (1996) discussed the many possible proximate causes of bioevents in the Devonian oceans. They appear to be triggered by changes in oxygen levels (oxic-dysoxic-anoxic) in the water column in response to fluctuations in sea level and/or temperature (May, 1995; Walliser,
1996; House, 2002).
4.5.1. Sea-level fluctuation
The abrupt and widespread appearance of OWR tropical taxa across eastern Laurentia in the late Eifelian was closely tied to a series of sea-level fluctuations. Koch and Day (1996) and Day
(1996) suggested that a rise in sea level, associated with Johnson et al.’s (1985, 1996) transgressive-regressive cycle Ie (kockelianus Zone), breached the Transcontinental Arch, opened pathways for eastward faunal migration.
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Magnetic susceptibility (MS) data suggest a world-wide signature for the regressive phase seen in the upper Union Springs in eastern North America. At the Eifelian-Givetian GSSP in
Morocco the interval prior to the stage boundary is marked by a zone of high magnetic susceptibility, termed the Gheris magnetic susceptibility zone (MSZ) by Crick et al. (2000), which is followed by abrupt shift to an interval of low magnetic susceptibility, named the Atrous
MSZ (Figure 4.11). Intervals of high magnetic susceptibility in ocean sediments are interpreted as signals of lowered sea level, when iron-rich sediments are transported basinward form the ocean margins, whereas low MS intervals signal high sea level, during which iron-rich sediments are trapped at the flooded ocean margins. The well known Ka ák Event occurs within the upper part of the Atrous MSZ. A similar pattern is seen in MS profiles of other sections in Morocco and Europe (Crick et al., 1997). Although the Gheris MSZ was not completely characterized, a comparison of the MS profile for the section at Bou Tchrafine with the conodont zonation of
Bultnyck (1989) suggests that the upper part of the Gheris MSZ is at least as young as upper kockelianus (=eiflius) Zone in age. Interestingly, a small peak of slightly elevated MS values occurs slightly higher, in the lower part of the overlying Atrous MSZ.
Based on timing and pattern these two higher MS intervals show parallels to the stratigraphic sequence in the Appalachian Basin (Figure 4.11) where regressive deposits of the Stony Hollow are overlain by the transgressive succession of the Hurley-Cherry Valley (see Brett et al., in press) is followed by a transgression . The high MS Peak 2a (Atrous MSSZ 2)
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Figure 4.11. Eifelian-Givetian boundary section and magnetic susceptibility curve from the GSSP at Mech Irdane, Tafilalt, Morocco, with suggested correlations to Appalachian Basin units. Stratigraphic column, bed numbers and biostratigraphy modified from Walliser et al. (1995). MS curve and magnetic susceptibility zones (MSZ) and subzones (MSSZ) from Crick et al. (2000).
Figure 4.12. Carbon and oxygen stable isotope curves of Late Eifelian-Givetian boundary interval. Modified from van Geldern et al. (2006) and Joachimski et al. (2004).
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may correspond to the regressive phase of a smaller-scale sequence within the Hurley Member, or perhaps to the Cherry Valley Member.
4.5.2. Paleotemperature fluctuations
As noted previously, the hallmark signature of the Stony Hollow is the widespread incursion of OWR tropical brachiopod taxa into the subtropical to temperate Eastern Americas Realm.
Although the Stony Hollow fauna was locally short-lived, the overlying Hamilton fauna reflects the addition of a number of tropical OWR taxa from the Rhenish-Bohemian province (Koch and
Boucot, 1982; Boucot, 1989). Further, there is little evidence for the equator-ward migration of cool water faunas. For example, the only EAR taxon to reach the OWR Cordilleran Province is
Orthospirifer, during the latter part of the Middle Givetian and early Frasnian Stage of the Upper
Devonian (Day, personal communication 2007).Boucot (1990) suggested that these faunal migration patterns, including the demise of the cold water Malvinokaffic Realm fauna, were brought on by a lowering of the global temperature gradient. As a result, typical warm-water brachiopods such as Tropidoleptus migrated into Africa and South America during the latest
Eifelian (Isaacson and Perry, 1977; Boucot et al., 1995). Although the exact timing of the migrations relative to the standard conodont zonation is uncertain, palynological data (Troth et al., in press) connect the earliest appearance of Tropidoleptus in Bolivia to an epibole of the acritarch Evittia sommeri. Troth et al. further note that the Tropidoleptus occurrence is generally time-equivalent to the Ka ák Event. However a possible connection with the slightly earlier
Stony Hollow Event is suggested by the report of E. sommeri in the Gosseletia sandstone
(kockelianus Zone?) of northern Spain (Cramer, 1969).
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Oxygen isotope curves of Joachimski et al. (2004) and van Geldern et al. (2006) through the interval in question provide a measure of temperature fluctuation. The brachiopod calcite curve is generally stable around -3‰ through most of the Eifelian. However, there are several low amplitude excursions within this interval (Figure 4.12). Both conodont apatite and brachiopod calcite curves show a slight (up to 1.5‰) negative excursion in the middle to upper part of the kockelianus Zone. Translated into paleotemperatures, these values suggest an approximate 1 to
2º C warming during the australis through upper kockelianus Zone interval. This trend is followed by a 2º C cooling beginning in the upper kockelianus and extending into the lower part of the hemiansatus Zone. Further, the excursion is superimposed on a long term decrease in
18O throughout the Eifelian to middle part of the Givetian, translating into an over all 1-2º C of warming over the interval (see Figures 6 and 9 in van Geldern et al., 2006).
It could be debated that the apparent 1º C or so warming may not be significant enough to account for widespread modifications of faunas and biogeographic provinces. One must bear in mind, however, that the data for this part of the curve are derived from samples collected from the Eifel Mountains of Germany (see supplementary data of van Geldern et al., 2006). Based on current paleogeographic reconstructions the Eifel Region was located approximately 15 º south of the equator (Figure 4.1); a latitude comparable to that of the western United States from which most of the Stony Hollow fauna was derived. It is reasonable to assume that temperature fluctuations in equatorial regions may not have been as marked as those exhibited at higher latitudes. Indeed, as mentioned previously, Boucot (1990) hypothesized that the drastic biogeographic faunal changes were brought about by a lowered global temperature gradient and increased warming at higher latitudes. Such latitudinal differences in temperature variation have
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been demonstrated by Kaiser et al. (2006) for the Late Devonian Hangenberg Event.
Unfortunately, to date, no similar analysis has been done for the Eifelian-Givetian boundary bioevents.
4.5.3. Carbon isotope signatures
Two significant positive carbon isotope excursions are associated with the events leading up to the Eifelian-Givetian boundary. van Geldern et al. (2006) note a strong positive 13C excursion (+0.5‰ V-PDB to max of 2.6‰ = ~2.1‰) in the latest costatus through australis
Zones, falling to ~1.1‰ by the mid-kockelianus Zone. As with the previously discussed oxygen isotope data, the records are from the Eifel Mountains of Germany. However, carbon isotope data from the Buggisch and Mann (2004) also show a slight positive excursion in the upper part
(costatus-australis Zone) of the Cellon Limestone at the Oberbuchach II section in the Carnic
Alps. A second, slightly younger, positive 13C excursion is associated with the Eifelian-
Givetian boundary interval (Ka ák Event) in Morocco (van Geldern et al., 2006) as well as in the
Barrandian Basin of Czech Republic (Hladaková et al. 1997; Buggisch and Mann, 2004), the
Carnic Alps of Austria, and the Montagne Noir in southern France (Buggisch and Mann, 2004).
These two positive excursions bracket a ‘negative’ 13C excursion of approximately -1.5‰ during the middle to upper kockelianus Zone. This may also be comparable to an upper kockelianus Zone negative 13C excursion reported in the Papilio Formation in Australia by
Talent et al. (1993). Although Talent et al. (1993) relate their negative excursion to the latest
Eifelian Ka ák Event, this does not fit the pattern of a Ka ák positive excursion observed from other areas. The negative excursion does appear to be closely bracketed above and below by
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positive excursions, and thus may equate to the kockelianus Zone ‘negative’ excursion of the
European/Moroccan data.
Positive 13C excursions can be attributed to increased burial of isotopically light organic carbon or increased riverine weathering flux, particularly of isotopically heavy carbonates
(Kump and Arthur, 1999; Kump et al., 1999; Saltzman, 2002). Because the late Eifelian excursions occur within a period of rising sea level and inundation of continental areas, a significant increase in the exposure and weathering of carbonate rock seems unlikely. van
Geldern et al. (2006) indicate that the australis Zone positive excursion in the Eifel region may be a result of locally enhanced productivity and burial of organic carbon in the sea bordering the
Old Red Continent. The excursion is approximately coeval with deposition of Bakoven organic- rich black shales in the Appalachian basin, but a carbon isotope curve has not yet been documented for this interval in ENA.
4.6. Definition of Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events
Across Eastern Laurentia a series of lithologic and biotic events culminating with the well- known global-scale Ka ák bioevent may be termed the late Eifelian biocrisis (see Figure 4.3). In the following sections the Bakoven and Stony Hollow events are defined as discrete (and possibly global-scale) episodes of marked faunal change both earlier and distinct from the Ka ák bioevent sensu stricto.
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4.6.1. Bakoven Event
The Bakoven Event reflects a reduction of the Onondaga/Columbus fauna, which is almost completely lost from the Appalachian Basin and greatly reduced on the Wabash Platform. The
Bakoven Event was associated with an abrupt deepening and onset of black shale deposition although truly anoxic conditions appear to have been absent in the Wabash Platform and dysoxic conditions were much less persistent or widespread. The event is linked to the TR cycle Id transgression (Figure 4.12). However, the deepening in the Appalachian Basin may have slightly preceded that of the Wabash Platform (australis versus kockelianus Zone), because the eustatic deepening was accentuated by a pulse of subsidence in the Appalachian foreland basin associated with the second tectophase of the Acadian Orogeny (Ettensohn, 1985). The Bakoven
Event may also be related to a positive 13C excursion observed at the costatus-australis level in several European sections.
4.6.2. Stony Hollow Event
The Stony Hollow Event is marked by expansion of the tropical OWR Cordilleran Province.
The expansion, and later contraction, of the OWR fauna is the most significant late Eifelian bioevent in Eastern Laurentia, and it entirely precedes the Ka ák Event as defined by Walliser
(1996) and Becker and House (2000). In the Mid-Continent Iowa and Michigan Basins the incursion coincides with a hypothesized breaching of the transcontinental arch during TR Cycle
Id. In the Appalachian Basin most of the fauna appeared during the regressive phase, in the
Stony Hollow Member, and persisted into condensed limestones of the Hurley that record the beginning of the next major transgressive phase (TR Cycle Ie). These migrations may be linked to increased higher-latitude temperatures and/or altered current patterns developed during the
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third-order Union Springs sea-level highstand (sequence Eif-2 of Brett et al., in press). The pattern is similar to the shallowing and related bioevents recorded in the approximately coeval
(upper kockelianus Zone) Man Member of the Gustalapiedra Formation of northern Spain (see below). The Stony Hollow Event may also be linked to the kockelianus Zone ‘negative’ 13C excursion, or at least an interval bracketed by positive excursions during the australis (Bakoven
Event) and ensensis (Ka ák Event).
The Stony Hollow Event ends with the contraction of the Variatrypa fauna, which disappears from Eastern Laurentia but persists in the OWR Cordilleran Province. In the Appalachian Basin this bioevent is associated with renewed deepening and deposition of black shales of the East
Berne Member. The event is not as well-defined in the Wabash Platform area, but may be present within the upper part of the upper Delaware/Speeds condensed grainstone succession. In the Michigan Basin this phase is interpreted to be a thin shaly interval underlying a coral bed near the base of the Bell Shale. Based on sequence stratigraphic pattern and biostratigraphy this shale interval correlates with the East Berne Member of New York (Bartholomew, 2006), and thus with the global Ka ák Event (DeSantis et al., 2007).
4.7. Expressions of the Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events in the Rhenish Bohemian Region
Although in the Appalachian Basin the signature of the Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events involves incursion of OWR Cordilleran Province taxa into, these pre-Ka ák periods of faunal turnover may also be recorded the Rhenish Bohemian Realm (Figure 4.13). Due to differences in paleo- and biogeographic setting, patterns observed in other regions are not necessarily expected to exactly follow those observed in eastern North America. Nonetheless, the following
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examples, not meant to be a comprehensive list, give evidence for a global pattern of similar lithologic changes associated biotic turnover preceding the Ka ák Event, during the time represented by the australis – kockelianus conodont zones.
4.7.1. Spain
Perhaps the strongest OWR parallel to the Stony Hollow Event occurs in the predominantly siliciclastic successions of the Palentine and the Asturo-Leonian regions of northern Spain
(Figure 4.13). These areas represent, respectively, offshore and nearshore facies deposited within a basin adjacent to the Cantabro-Ebroian Massif (García-Alcalde, 1998).
4.7.1.1 Palentine Region
In the Palentine region several events are recorded within the Gustalapiedra Formation, with the most significant lithologic and biotic changes centered on the ~10 m thick interval of the
Man Member (see García-Alcalde et al., 1990; Truyóls-Massoni et al., 1990). The goniatite
Pinacites jugleri, is present in the dark silty shales of the lower part of the Gustalapiedra
Formation (australis Zone age), but does not range into the Man Member. The dacryoconarid
Nowakia otomari is also present in these shales. This entry is significantly earlier than the occurrence of N. otomari in the ensensis Zone in the Odershausen Formation of Germany, which defines the "otomari Event" of Walliser (1985).
The lower Man Member (kockelianus Zone?) consists of interbedded nodular limestones and calcareous shales. These beds carry a fauna of dacryoconarids (including Nowakia otomari), a diverse cephalopod assemblage (e.g., Subanarcestes macrocephalus, Cabrieroceras spp.,
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Figure 4.13. Correlation chart indicating potential Bakoven and Stony Hollow Event positions within Old World Realm sections of Europe and northern Africa. Abbreviations: Bak. = Bakoven Event, Bett. = Betterberg subformation, Nied. = Niederehe subformation.
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Agoniatites spp., Sobolewia spp.), and brachiopods. The upper half of Man Member is dominated by bioturbated, rippled siliciclastics (siltstones and fine grained micaceous sandstones). Interbedded mudstones in the upper part of this interval contain dacryoconarids and goniatites (Cabrieroceras, Holzapfeloceras), which carry through nodular limestones immediately overlying the Man Member and into the dark shales of the upper Gustalapiedra
Formation. All of the Man Member goniatites are indicative, or at least permissive, of the
Agoniatites costulatus Zone (MD I-F) of Becker and House (1994, 2000), the latter portion of which is associated with the Ka ák Event. Parodiceras, which occurs in the Gustalapiedra shales above the Man Member, is also indicative of this zone.
We suggest that the pattern of lithologic change is remarkably similar to that exhibited in the
Appalachian Basin succession of eastern North America. Thus, the dark silty shales of the
Gustalapiedra Formation underlying the Man Member correspond, in part, to the Bakoven Shale.
The lower Man Member limestones record falling stage (regressive) conditions paralleling the
Stony Hollow Member in the Appalachian Basin. A sequence boundary is suggested by the abrupt change to coarse siliciclastics of the upper Man Member. This transition may correspond to the base of the Hurley Member, with the nodular limestones immediately overlying the Man
Member corresponding to the Cherry Valley Member. A significant deepening, recorded by onset of dark sandy mudstones and shales of the upper Gustalapiedra, likely marks the local manifestation of the Ka ák Event (García-Alcalde, 1998).
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4.7.1.2 Asturo-Leonian Region
In the Asturo-Leonian region of northern Spain a parallel series of faunal turnovers occurs in the upper part of the coeval Huergas and Naranco Formations. Although the succession is greatly expanded (about 70 m thick) compared to that of the Palentine region, a parallel sequence of events occurs in both areas (García-Alcalde and Soto, 1999). Of particular interest is Faunal
Interval 19, which spans the Eifelian-Givetian boundary, and seemingly represents an incursion of distinctive brachiopods, rugose corals, and bivalves previously unknown to the region
(García-Alcalde, 1998). Among the new brachiopods is Mucrospirifer diluvianus which also becomes briefly widespread in Germany around the time of the Ka ák Event (see Schöne, 1997).
Unfortunately, biostratigraphic control is poor in the Asturo-Leonian region due to the lack of conodonts, but like the Stony Hollow Event in eastern North America, the incursion begins within a succession of sandstones ('Gosseletia sandstone') preceding the abrupt lithologic change to dark shales which is taken to be the local manifestation of the Ka ák Event.
4.7.2. Germany
4.7.2.1. Eifel region
In the Eifel Region the Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events should be recorded in the Ahrdorf and Junkerberg formations, based on conodont biostratigraphy (e.g., Weddige, 1988). A deepening event at the transition from the Köll to Flesten members of the Ahrdorf Formation
(australis Zone) may record the Seneca-Bakoven transgression of North America, although it is developed in much shallower facies. This lithologic event coincides with the appearance of many new taxa in the Eifel region (Fuchs, 1965; Struve and Werner, 1982). More than twenty
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species of trilobites and fifty-eight species of brachiopods appear for the first time in the Flesten
Member. The overlying Niederehe subformation consists of dark shales and limestones that are only sparsely fossiliferous with a few small, generalized brachiopods, and may represent dysaerobic facies. This interval, also of australis Zone age, may be comparable to the dark shales of the Bakoven Member.
The Klausbach Member of the Junkerberg Formation (kockelianus Zone) is a regressive, sandy facies, which may reflect the same initial (falling stage) regression that resulted in deposition of the lower portion of the Stony Hollow Member in eastern Laurentia. The
Klausbach contains a rich brachiopod fauna, sharing many taxa with the Flesten Member (Struve and Werner, 1982). Increasingly diverse brachiopod and coral assemblages are present in overlying thick, nodular limestones of the Mussel, Honselberg, and Rechert members of the
Junkerberg Formation, recording a generally shallowing-upward succession. The massive limestones of the lower Nims Member are rich in corals and stromatoporoids, and the Nims includes, in its upper third, massive crinoidal grainstones that probably record the initial transgression of the next stratigraphic sequence.
The uppermost units of the Nims, assigned to the ensensis Zone (Weddige, 1988), consist of thinner bedded facies transitional to the overlying dark and nearly barren lower Giesdorf Shale.
This major transgression is represented by the Odershausen Black Shale of the Rhenish Slate
Mountains and almost certainly records the Ka ák Event (Weddige, 1988) (Figure 4.13).
Approximately 66% of the taxa found in the australis Zone Flesten beds are not found above the
Nims level suggesting that a major local extinction occurred at this time.
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4.7.2.2. Rhenish Schiefergebirge
The Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events are poorly recorded in the Hercynian (pelagic) facies of the Kellerwald area, at the classic Blauer Bruch section for example, by poor exposure.
Conodont biostratigraphy suggests that the interval is somewhere in the Zwischenschicten carbonates and equivalent strata. At Blauer Bruch, the Ka ák interval is represented by fissile black shales of the Odershausen Formation (Walliser, 1985; Schöne, 1996). Elsewhere in the
Sauerland the late Eifelian is represented by the dark shales of the Selscheide Formation, with a fauna of small corals and brachiopods. This shale-rich interval passes upward into an interval of fine-grained sandstones interbedded with shale that is overlain by the fossiliferous limestones of the Freilinger Formation, an equivalent of the Zwischenschicten Formation. Dark, nearly barren shales of Odershausen Formation overlie the Freilinger.
In the western Sauerland, the best exposures near Brüninghausen show striking similarity to the sequence in the Eifel region (see faunal lists in Fuchs, 1965). The Ohle Formation (costatus
Zone) contains a modest fauna of forty-six species of brachiopods, trilobites, corals and molluscs, the majority of which carry through into the Givetian. Sixty-two new taxa appear within the lower part of the overlying Dressel Formation (australis Zone?). This influx is comparable in timing and magnitude to the Flesten diversification event in the Eifel region. As with that area, most of the new taxa do not persist into higher strata. Only about a third of the new Dressel species persist into the Givetian. Higher in the Dressel Formation, the Dressel
Limestone (kockelianus Zone) shows a sharp drop in brachiopod and bivalve diversity but an increase in both abundance and diversity of rugose and tabulate corals, with twelve new taxa
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appearing at this level, most of which do not recur above. This turnover pattern is comparable to that seen in the Nims Limestone of the Eifel. The overlying dark gray to black shales of the upper Dressel Formation (ensensis Zone) contain a low diversity fauna, reflecting predominantly dysoxic conditions associated with the hypoxic Ka ák Event.
The dark, upper Dressel Shale is in turn overlain by the fossiliferous shales, siltstones, and limestones of the lower Givetian Werdohl Formation that shows a diverse fauna (twenty-five brachiopods, ten corals, and nineteen molluscs), but the assemblage is not as diverse as that of the lower Dressel. In fact, the largest proportion of the brachiopods (fourteen species; 56%) are holdovers from the Ohle. Conversely, only nine (33.3%); are carried over from the diverse lower
Dressel (Fuchs, 1965). This amounts to a 66% local end Eifelian extinction as is the case with the Flesten fauna of the Eifel region.
In summary, in German sections the most dramatic bioevent of the late Eifelian appears to be a major and short-lived diversification event in the australis to lower kockelianus Zone. A majority of the newly appearing species do not persist into the Givetian, which, taken at face value, suggests >50% extinction sometime in the late Eifelian. The ensensis Zone is characterized by lowered diversity through the Ka ák Event interval. In many ways this is the opposite of the pattern in the Appalachian Basin, where the australis Bakoven Event is associated with depauperate faunas and dysoxic facies. Conversely, the late ensensis Zone to earliest Givetian is characterized by the appearance of the diverse Hamilton fauna. This opposite pattern in different biogeographic provinces may reflect marked differences in water-depth and climatic setting. The Appalachian Basin fauna was stressed during the australis to lower
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kockelianus zone interval because of the widespread deepening and increased temperature of a previously warm-temperate zone. Although eustatic in part, the australis deepening was greatly enhanced by local Acadian tectonics, a deepening that resulted in hypoxia in the basin. In contrast, the German shelf of Avalonia (Rhenish-Bohemian Province) was less affected by tectonically induced subsidence at this time. Moreover, this province lay closer to the equator, where thermal changes may have been less drastic (see oxygen isotope curves of van Geldern et al., 2006). There, the improved conditions in this shelf owing to transgression and slight warming without hypoxia may have promoted diversification.
4.7.3. Morocco
Lithologic and faunal changes associated with the Ka ák Event are well documented in several sections in Morocco where the event is characterized by the onset of pyritic shales in the ensensis Zone (Walliser et al., 1995; Becker and House, 1994). Conversely, the signatures of the
Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events have not previously been investigated in this region. To date, magnetic susceptibility (MS) stratigraphy shows the best evidence of a regressive interval in the upper part of the kockelianus Zone that may correspond to the Stony Hollow Event. The pattern is recorded in a number of sections as Peaks 1 and 2a in the Crick et al. (1997) MS curves
(=Gheris MSZ and Atrous MSSZ 2 of Crick et al., 2000) (Figure 4.11). Both of these MS peaks occur in the upper part of the kockelianus conodont Zone.
4.7.3.1 Tafilalt
In the condensed hemipelagic successions of the Tafilalt it is difficult to locate the Stony
Hollow Event owing to sparse data on benthic faunas. In the Eifelian-Givetian Boundary GSSP
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section at Mech Irdane, Peak 1 (Stony Hollow equivalent) is associated with Beds 101-107 and
Peak 2a with Beds 110 and 111 (Figure 4.11). At the Bou Tchrafine reference section, Peak 1 equates to nodular limestones of Bed 15 of Becker and House (1994). Peak 2a is associated with a marly limestone ledge at the top of Bed 15 and conodont sample 15a of Bultynck (1987). In a third Tafilalt section, at Jebel Amelane (Becker and House, 1994), Peak 1 falls within the upper part of Bed E, a 1.2 meter thick limestone ledge, while Peak 2a occurs in the middle of Bed F, a succession of marly limestone. The Ka ák Event corresponds to the overlying shales of Bed G.
The MS peaks appear to follow lithologic changes but there may also be previously unnoticed subtle differences in the pelagic elements associated with these.
4.7.3.2. Mader Basin
In the thick neritic succession at Jebel ou Driss, Mader Basin, Morocco, magnetic susceptibility curves similar to those of the Tafilalt have been measured in strata containing a diverse benthic fauna of solitary rugose corals, brachiopods, and trilobites (Crick et al, 1997).
The succession is also sub-divided into several informal megafaunal zones by Bultynck (1989).
A regressive interval that may equate to the upper part of MS Peak 1 overlaps with Bultynck’s megafauna B interval. This interval lies just above his megafauna A zone, an interval characterized by the goniatite Agoniatites nodiferus. This goniatite species occurs in the
Appalachian Basin within the Lincoln Park submember of the Hurley Member of the Oatka
Creek Formation (see Figures 4.2, 4.4). Slightly higher, MSEC Peak 2a corresponds in part with megafauna C, a coral-brachiopod rich interval in the uppermost part of the kockelianus Zone
(Bultnyck, 1989), perhaps an equivalent to the Cherry Valley Member of the Appalachian Basin or the coral-bearing Lewis Center bed in Ohio.
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4.7.3.3. Dra Valley
Preliminary documentation of mid-to latest-Eifelian strata located at Hassi Mouf gully near
Aouinet Torkoz indicates strong parallels to the Appalachian Basin strata and bioevents (Baird et al., 2007). The interval spanning the boundary between the Yeraifa and Arerouch formations
(Figure 4.14) records a transition from richly fossiliferous limestones to a more sparsely fossiliferous, shale-dominated interval.
The Grey Marl Member of the Yeraifa Formation consists of rhythmically interbedded thin, wavy- to nodular-bedded limestones and thicker beds of calcareous mudstone or marl. A bundle of thin argillaceous limestones in the middle of the member contains small brachiopods and abundant small goniatites including Cabrieroceras. Pinacites, the goniatite characteristic of the underlying Pinacites Limestone Member, is apparently absent. The upper four meters of the
Grey Marl Member shows distinctly thicker and darker gray, sub-laminated shale with few carbonate horizons (Figure 4.14). The base of this dark shale interval coincides with a ferruginous bed (bed 32h), indicating condensation. This contact occurs slightly above the level thought to mark the costatus-australis conodont zonal boundary. This deepening and shift from oxic to dysoxic conditions parallels that seen in the lower australis Bakoven Member of the
Union Springs Formation in the Appalachian Basin.
At the top of the Grey Marl Member the shale is interbedded with a series of thin concretionary limestones capped by a more continuous ledge-forming limestone (bed 33h) which marks the contact between the Yeraifa and Arerouch formations (Figure 4.14). Bed 33h contains
171
Figure 4.14. Eifelian-Givetian boundary section at Hassi Mouf gully, Dra Valley, Morocco. Modified from Baird et al. (2007).
172
abundant small bivalves, ambocoeliid brachiopods, a few small rugose corals as well as small nautiloids, bactritids, and the goniatites Agoniatites, Cabrieroceras, and Parodiceras, all suggestive of a late Eifelian (kockelianus Zone) age. We suggest that the concretionary limestone interval records shallowing at the end of the Bakoven Event, possibly reflecting the Stony
Hollow (falling stage) regression, and that bed 33h represents a condensed limestone, recording transgression of the subsequent sequence (sequence Eif-Giv of Brett et al, in press). Thus the condensed horizon may mark the Hurley and/or Cherry Valley members of the Appalachian
Basin succession.
The lowest part of the Arerouch Formation is an interval of black shale with interbedded limestones. One particularly thick styliolinite limestone (bed 34b) is another possible correlative of the Cherry Valley member. Bed 34b is overlain by 130 cm of black shale, possibly the base of the Ka ák / Odershausen / East Berne equivalent. Overlying strata consist of dark, rusty shales with regularly spaced styliolinite limestone ledges (beds 35b to 40b) that otherwise yield few fossils. In contrast, bed 41b is more fossiliferous, containing an abundance of bactritids, small bivalves, diminutive ambocoeliid brachiopods and medium sized Agoniatites aff. A. vanuxemi. This bed is considered a possible correlative of the Halihan Hill Bed level of the
Appalachian Basin; conodonts from the surrounding shale suggest that this level lies slightly above the Eifelian-Givetian boundary.
4.7.4. Czech Republic
Based on biostratigraphy and magnetic susceptibility stratigraphy, the Bakoven and Stony
Hollow events, if manifested here, would be represented in the limestones of the Chote
173
Formation. The MS signature of the Ka ák Event (as recognized in Morocco by Crick et al.,
1997) occurs in the Czech Republic sections in the uppermost Chote Formation, at a level
below the black shales of the Ka ák Member of the Srbsko Formation.
4.7.5. Austria (Carnic Alps)
In the Carnic Alps, the Oberbuchach II section (see Figure 3 of Schönlaub, 1985) records a
series of lithologic changes that are similar in pattern and timing to those observed in the
Appalachian Basin. Beginning in the australis Zone the massive light-gray bioclastic limestones
of the Cellon Formation are sharply overlain by an interval of dark, thin bedded, platy limestone
and shale that passes upward to cherty limestones in lower part of the Hohe Treib Formation.
Faunas other than the conodont succession were not reported by Schönlaub, so the local effect on
the benthic faunas associated with this lithologic change is uncertain. However, the parallel to
the timing and nature of lithologic change at the base of the Union Springs Formation in the
Appalachian Basin is unmistakable. Slightly higher, cephalopod-bearing limestones
approximately at the kockelianus/ensensis Zone boundary are suggestive of the Stony Hollow-
Cherry Valley of the Appalachian Basin. Above this, a thin interval of black shale and chert, in
the lower part of the ensensis Zone, probably corresponds to the Ka ák Event.
4.7.6. Montagne Noire
Little is known of the faunal turnover in the Montagne Noire Region of France through the interval in question. The Stony Hollow Event, if manifested here, would occur within the carbonates of the Clapassous and Japhet Formations and the Pic de Bissous Group (Figure 4.13).
At the Marbrière Nord Quarry, the MS curve of Crick et al. (1997, 2000) shows evidence of the
174
Gheris MSZ (Stony Hollow equivalent) within Feist’s (1990) Bed G, while the Atrous MSSZ 2
(Ka ák equivalent) spans the upper part of Bed G to lowermost Bed H (Figures 4.11 and 4.13).
4.8. Summary
Two late Eifelian bioevents are recognized in the interval between the Onondaga Limestone and the upper Oatka Creek Formation of the Marcellus subgroup (Hamilton Group) in the
Appalachian Basin and in coeval formations in adjacent areas in eastern North America. These events are considered parts of a multiphase late Eifelian Biocrisis that ended with the global and long-recognized Ka ák Event. The initial Bakoven Event (australis conodont Zone) marks a significant reduction in faunal diversity associated with a deepening and widespread hypoxia brought on by a rise in eustatic sea level that was enhanced by tectonic subsidence. The second, the Stony Hollow Event (kockelianus-eiflius Zone), is marked by the incursion of tropical Old
World Realm Cordilleran province taxa, including brachiopods, corals, and bivalves, into the subtropical to temperate shelf region of eastern North America. The incursion of this fauna appears to be associated with a major sea-level rise and highstand that resulted in expanded connections between OWR and EAR shelves and altered current patterns and/or climatic regime developed at that time.
A careful examination of the literature and new information regarding coeval formations in
Europe and Morocco suggests that the signatures of these pre-Ka ák events may be recognized in these areas, indicating that the Bakoven and Stony Hollow Events, like the Ka ák, may be global in scale. In particular, the late Eifelian successions in the Eifel and Rhenish
175
Schiefergebirge areas of Germany, the Cantabrian Mountains of Spain show evidence for faunal turnover during the australis-kockelianus Zones that parallel those in eastern North America.
176
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APPENDIX A
201
Solution Concentration (ppb) Relative Standard Deviation (%) Element Y La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Y La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Sample Mass 89 139 140 141 144 149 151 158 159 164 165 167 169 174 175 89 139 140 141 144 149 151 158 159 164 165 167 169 174 175 HFB-02 11.77 1.53 4.12 0.91 4.93 1.62 0.05 1.90 0.34 2.23 0.52 1.17 0.16 0.83 0.10 2.60 1.00 3.00 1.40 4.60 1.70 2.10 2.80 3.40 1.20 2.90 3.40 2.00 3.80 3.00 HFB-06 12.58 1.60 4.51 0.96 5.31 1.78 0.06 2.13 0.38 2.49 0.58 1.30 0.19 0.94 0.12 1.50 1.30 2.40 1.80 2.70 2.20 3.00 1.40 1.00 1.50 1.70 2.00 0.30 2.70 2.30 HFB-11 7.29 0.93 2.86 0.51 3.01 1.01 0.03 1.19 0.21 1.38 0.32 0.71 0.10 0.50 0.06 1.77 0.59 1.13 0.66 1.00 0.63 1.22 1.55 1.89 1.39 3.19 2.85 1.53 2.25 1.33 HFB-12 6.92 0.86 2.65 0.48 2.91 0.96 0.02 1.14 0.21 1.33 0.30 0.67 0.09 0.48 0.06 1.87 1.40 1.05 1.20 0.94 1.65 1.80 2.51 1.66 2.51 3.87 1.82 1.41 0.87 1.92 HFB-13 8.97 1.13 3.63 0.66 4.03 1.44 0.04 1.73 0.30 1.82 0.39 0.81 0.11 0.51 0.06 2.97 0.51 2.45 2.89 1.18 1.61 1.12 1.01 0.73 1.17 1.47 0.82 2.44 1.50 1.66 HFB-14 12.02 1.49 4.67 0.84 5.02 1.72 0.04 2.03 0.37 2.31 0.52 1.17 0.16 0.83 0.10 0.79 0.86 1.14 1.23 1.23 1.46 2.07 0.29 0.76 1.87 1.99 3.73 2.90 1.24 1.87 HFB-15 7.88 1.00 3.04 0.54 3.21 1.06 0.03 1.27 0.23 1.49 0.34 0.78 0.11 0.55 0.07 2.10 1.49 1.30 1.64 1.07 2.09 1.71 1.66 0.73 1.58 0.94 1.18 0.48 0.46 0.37 HFB-16 8.99 1.15 3.55 0.63 3.75 1.22 0.03 1.47 0.27 1.70 0.39 0.87 0.12 0.61 0.07 35.74 1.37 2.33 1.20 1.09 1.31 3.58 0.67 2.77 3.73 1.29 2.82 2.55 1.65 6.66 HFB-17 11.97 1.86 5.60 0.97 5.75 1.79 0.04 2.10 0.37 2.30 0.53 1.15 0.16 0.77 0.09 1.44 1.55 0.90 0.95 0.74 1.83 0.94 0.98 0.13 0.27 0.76 2.86 0.89 0.85 2.30 HFB-18 5.00 0.63 1.95 0.34 2.01 0.67 0.02 0.81 0.14 0.94 0.22 0.49 0.07 0.34 0.04 0.83 1.24 0.16 0.76 0.36 0.49 1.06 1.55 0.66 1.75 0.94 1.12 0.26 2.53 1.26 HFB-19 9.18 1.10 3.46 0.62 3.74 1.32 0.04 1.59 0.29 1.77 0.39 0.87 0.12 0.60 0.07 0.79 1.40 0.94 0.63 1.42 2.16 1.56 0.45 0.49 1.29 1.26 1.55 1.27 1.50 2.01 HFB-20 18.08 2.33 7.10 1.25 7.55 2.42 0.07 2.91 0.53 3.41 0.79 1.76 0.25 1.21 0.15 1.84 1.50 0.21 1.06 0.66 0.71 0.64 0.11 1.99 0.38 1.36 1.23 1.07 1.74 2.38 HFF-01 7.55 3.38 10.14 1.56 8.22 1.95 0.05 1.95 0.28 1.65 0.37 0.79 0.10 0.50 0.06 2.10 3.00 2.40 2.10 3.20 1.50 5.50 1.40 2.70 2.60 1.70 1.60 2.30 1.00 2.60 HFF-02 6.42 3.42 9.87 1.53 7.95 1.79 0.05 1.77 0.25 1.39 0.31 0.67 0.09 0.41 0.05 2.90 0.60 2.90 0.80 1.30 1.40 4.40 1.30 1.00 1.30 1.10 0.90 2.30 3.00 5.80 HFF-03 16.45 8.02 24.31 3.52 19.30 4.47 0.11 4.41 0.63 3.56 0.79 1.65 0.22 1.04 0.13 2.50 1.80 0.70 1.80 1.80 0.70 1.70 2.30 2.30 2.00 1.70 2.10 2.70 3.40 3.50 HFF-04 7.50 2.76 8.26 1.36 7.41 1.83 0.05 1.83 0.28 1.63 0.36 0.78 0.10 0.49 0.06 2.20 1.30 3.90 2.10 2.00 2.40 3.10 2.50 1.50 4.20 2.10 3.40 1.10 2.30 1.00 HFF-05 12.22 6.27 18.81 2.72 14.92 3.34 0.09 3.31 0.46 2.62 0.58 1.24 0.16 0.77 0.10 1.30 1.90 2.50 1.20 2.00 2.30 4.40 1.60 1.10 0.60 1.90 0.90 0.50 2.20 0.70 HFF-07 9.78 4.41 13.59 2.02 10.71 2.53 0.07 2.50 0.36 2.12 0.47 0.99 0.13 0.62 0.08 1.20 1.20 1.10 1.70 1.80 1.50 2.70 1.70 1.20 1.30 0.50 1.60 1.70 1.30 1.20 HFF-08 10.21 3.28 10.44 1.66 9.05 2.38 0.07 2.44 0.37 2.19 0.49 1.06 0.14 0.67 0.08 1.00 1.80 1.80 1.80 0.70 1.90 2.30 3.10 1.60 1.00 1.10 1.40 1.10 3.00 2.10 HFF-09 11.44 5.36 16.46 2.41 13.07 3.00 0.08 3.03 0.42 2.42 0.54 1.14 0.15 0.72 0.09 0.90 0.80 1.00 1.00 0.70 2.90 1.20 1.50 0.80 1.40 1.30 1.70 0.80 2.40 0.30 HFF-10 6.96 4.52 13.05 1.90 9.96 2.11 0.07 2.07 0.28 1.56 0.35 0.73 0.09 0.45 0.05 0.80 0.60 0.70 0.90 0.50 1.00 1.50 1.50 0.60 1.70 1.30 2.60 1.50 3.10 3.00 MPLB-01 27.45 3.26 10.18 1.82 10.86 3.66 0.09 4.57 0.81 5.08 1.16 2.58 0.36 1.81 0.22 4.12 3.50 3.41 4.13 3.57 3.06 2.84 3.22 2.50 2.92 2.40 2.38 1.67 1.74 1.80 MPLB-02 57.66 7.77 23.75 4.20 24.84 8.06 0.22 9.94 1.73 10.83 2.46 5.47 0.76 3.77 0.46 2.56 2.84 2.84 3.01 3.16 2.61 3.03 2.33 2.04 1.72 1.57 1.74 1.67 1.82 1.40 MPLB-03 84.26 10.37 32.41 5.79 34.63 11.58 0.37 14.28 2.53 15.97 3.60 8.06 1.13 5.76 0.70 1.57 1.73 2.07 1.41 2.05 2.17 1.90 1.72 1.22 1.23 0.97 0.73 0.70 0.66 1.19 MPLB-04 68.10 10.00 30.91 5.47 32.42 10.49 0.35 12.71 2.18 13.27 2.96 6.47 0.89 4.48 0.55 0.87 0.65 0.74 0.82 1.06 0.36 0.93 1.43 1.01 0.63 0.87 0.79 1.09 1.48 1.51 MPLB-05 16.39 1.99 6.20 1.12 6.59 2.22 0.07 2.76 0.49 3.09 0.71 1.58 0.22 1.11 0.14 3.34 3.36 2.72 2.14 1.96 3.41 2.80 2.44 2.81 2.51 2.34 2.56 2.23 2.02 1.58 MPLB-06 23.95 3.02 9.32 1.64 9.73 3.22 0.08 4.18 0.72 4.54 1.03 2.31 0.32 1.63 0.19 2.42 1.32 3.44 1.84 1.76 2.03 2.23 1.46 2.04 1.99 1.12 1.68 1.26 0.92 0.65 MPLB-07 18.13 2.38 7.45 1.31 7.74 2.53 0.09 3.26 0.56 3.48 0.79 1.77 0.25 1.25 0.15 0.92 0.41 0.58 0.71 0.98 1.26 1.73 1.04 1.03 2.04 1.17 1.44 1.00 1.35 1.28 MPLB-08 15.24 2.04 6.26 1.11 6.58 2.13 0.05 2.75 0.47 2.94 0.67 1.48 0.21 1.05 0.12 0.68 0.47 0.97 0.26 0.44 1.36 2.36 0.47 0.16 0.52 0.63 0.31 0.42 0.37 0.53 MPLB-09 18.59 2.55 8.06 1.41 8.30 2.64 0.13 3.40 0.57 3.61 0.82 1.84 0.26 1.30 0.16 0.77 0.31 0.27 0.54 0.33 0.73 1.83 0.71 0.49 0.43 1.01 0.55 0.86 1.24 0.64 MPLB-10 15.24 3.87 11.34 1.94 11.19 3.04 0.07 3.57 0.54 3.16 0.69 1.47 0.19 0.94 0.11 0.63 0.41 1.39 0.79 1.85 0.74 1.44 0.44 0.33 0.38 1.14 1.39 1.47 1.64 1.30 MPLF-01 17.31 8.76 23.93 3.89 21.38 4.81 0.12 4.76 0.65 3.58 0.77 1.60 0.21 0.97 0.12 0.94 0.93 0.72 0.45 0.64 0.56 0.38 0.39 0.26 0.69 0.52 0.40 0.56 0.96 0.74 MPLF-02 7.63 4.31 11.63 1.86 10.15 2.21 0.06 2.20 0.29 1.60 0.34 0.70 0.09 0.42 0.05 1.41 1.35 0.91 1.00 1.12 2.01 1.29 1.14 0.94 1.11 1.43 1.65 1.65 1.55 0.99 MPLF-03 23.11 10.24 28.24 4.64 25.73 6.04 0.14 6.10 0.85 4.74 1.03 2.14 0.27 1.30 0.16 0.67 0.62 1.02 0.74 0.57 1.22 0.89 0.58 0.47 0.77 0.36 0.88 0.59 1.41 0.96 MPLF-04 5.35 2.34 6.54 1.09 6.06 1.42 0.03 1.45 0.20 1.10 0.24 0.50 0.06 0.30 0.04 2.11 1.68 1.74 1.38 1.53 1.02 1.15 2.59 1.75 1.63 1.47 1.95 1.80 1.27 1.69 MPLF-05 13.44 4.00 11.82 2.02 11.46 2.99 0.07 3.21 0.47 2.72 0.59 1.26 0.16 0.78 0.09 2.67 1.95 2.60 2.32 1.77 1.81 2.21 1.20 2.25 1.08 1.92 1.85 1.80 1.65 2.06 MPLF-06 9.10 4.47 12.27 1.98 10.87 2.49 0.07 2.58 0.34 1.89 0.41 0.84 0.11 0.53 0.06 2.82 2.10 1.88 2.55 2.25 2.61 2.11 1.79 2.25 1.57 1.64 2.36 2.50 2.21 2.37 MPLF-07 6.40 3.32 9.06 1.46 7.92 1.77 0.04 1.84 0.25 1.35 0.29 0.61 0.08 0.39 0.04 2.01 2.42 1.49 1.67 2.31 3.21 2.89 1.21 3.25 2.45 2.11 2.78 1.42 1.68 1.41 MPLF-08 4.46 2.66 7.25 1.16 6.27 1.34 0.04 1.37 0.18 0.96 0.21 0.42 0.05 0.27 0.03 0.74 0.58 0.96 1.19 1.31 1.59 0.85 0.56 0.27 0.51 0.93 0.55 0.39 0.81 1.17 MPLF-09 14.92 6.50 18.21 2.99 16.52 3.86 0.10 4.14 0.56 3.10 0.67 1.40 0.18 0.87 0.10 0.72 0.39 0.76 0.38 1.33 0.76 1.24 1.10 2.04 0.96 1.53 0.85 0.77 1.47 1.32
202
Solution Concentration (ppb) Relative Standard Deviation (%) Element Y La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Y La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Sample Mass 89 139 140 141 144 149 151 158 159 164 165 167 169 174 175 89 139 140 141 144 149 151 158 159 164 165 167 169 174 175 OKWB-11 7.94 0.98 3.03 0.54 3.27 1.09 0.03 1.30 0.24 1.53 0.35 0.80 0.11 0.57 0.07 0.39 0.32 1.67 0.55 3.59 1.53 1.51 0.97 1.26 1.60 0.95 1.15 1.09 1.57 0.53 OKWB-12 4.55 0.58 1.79 0.32 1.89 0.63 0.02 0.74 0.14 0.88 0.20 0.44 0.06 0.32 0.04 0.27 1.11 0.98 0.36 2.79 0.69 2.38 1.10 1.27 1.31 0.69 0.73 1.02 1.33 0.80 OKWB-13 10.29 1.47 4.49 0.78 4.62 1.46 0.04 1.72 0.31 1.97 0.45 1.02 0.14 0.70 0.08 0.75 0.56 0.33 1.63 0.25 1.12 0.72 0.42 0.85 0.90 0.56 1.00 0.45 1.04 0.23 OKWB-14 4.93 0.60 1.88 0.34 2.03 0.67 0.02 0.80 0.15 0.93 0.21 0.49 0.07 0.35 0.04 1.35 0.72 1.46 0.47 0.51 2.43 1.89 0.82 1.40 1.23 0.91 2.14 1.83 1.93 0.49 OKWB-15 8.47 1.09 3.33 0.60 3.59 1.18 0.03 1.40 0.25 1.62 0.37 0.83 0.12 0.57 0.07 1.32 1.04 0.93 1.45 1.30 1.95 2.96 0.99 1.07 0.61 1.38 0.77 0.52 0.77 1.39 OKWB-16 9.40 1.19 3.70 0.66 3.93 1.31 0.04 1.56 0.29 1.83 0.42 0.94 0.13 0.67 0.08 1.38 0.69 1.69 1.46 0.34 1.15 1.45 1.01 0.17 1.71 1.15 0.43 0.62 1.32 1.15 OKWB-17 8.35 1.05 3.24 0.58 3.42 1.14 0.03 1.36 0.25 1.58 0.36 0.81 0.11 0.57 0.07 0.15 0.15 0.93 0.82 1.06 1.61 0.92 0.12 0.78 0.82 0.85 0.88 1.06 0.76 1.04 OKWF-01 15.11 6.75 20.21 3.08 16.96 3.93 0.10 3.87 0.55 3.12 0.67 1.41 0.18 0.87 0.10 4.95 3.95 2.28 3.40 1.69 1.52 0.68 0.67 1.30 1.08 1.47 0.75 1.23 1.29 0.86 OKWF-02 10.33 4.29 12.51 1.96 10.81 2.56 0.07 2.47 0.36 2.03 0.45 0.94 0.12 0.57 0.07 1.14 1.46 1.72 1.38 1.74 1.92 1.40 1.24 1.34 0.67 1.17 0.43 0.75 1.32 0.63 OKWF-03 6.72 3.33 9.31 1.45 7.87 1.76 0.04 1.70 0.24 1.35 0.29 0.62 0.08 0.39 0.05 0.27 1.25 2.17 0.80 0.71 1.83 1.67 0.83 0.91 1.51 1.30 0.83 2.67 2.57 2.35 OKWF-04 7.96 3.59 10.17 1.59 8.71 2.00 0.05 1.95 0.28 1.61 0.35 0.74 0.10 0.47 0.06 0.94 1.41 1.54 0.26 0.39 0.61 0.30 1.80 0.90 1.44 1.05 0.97 0.56 0.59 1.62 OKWF-05 25.60 11.11 31.40 5.15 28.33 6.54 0.16 6.39 0.92 5.17 1.12 2.35 0.30 1.45 0.18 1.28 3.12 0.93 1.19 0.51 1.95 1.28 2.39 1.78 1.98 2.04 2.17 2.54 1.90 1.62 OKWF-06 14.63 6.26 18.81 2.87 15.76 3.71 0.10 3.65 0.52 2.98 0.65 1.35 0.17 0.83 0.10 0.23 0.15 1.32 0.74 0.65 0.52 1.54 0.59 1.19 0.81 0.74 0.55 0.80 0.19 0.33 OKWF-07 41.36 20.11 56.47 9.11 50.30 11.50 0.30 11.16 1.60 8.96 1.94 4.03 0.52 2.49 0.30 0.10 0.92 1.12 0.67 0.59 0.60 1.31 1.31 0.90 1.05 1.21 1.55 1.34 0.52 2.06 OKWF-08 15.97 7.41 22.17 3.34 18.28 4.17 0.10 4.02 0.58 3.22 0.70 1.47 0.19 0.90 0.11 2.03 1.65 2.20 3.06 2.57 2.08 3.33 3.41 2.69 2.48 2.60 2.80 1.63 1.80 1.75 OKWF-09 12.88 4.20 12.85 2.05 11.43 2.87 0.08 2.89 0.44 2.55 0.56 1.20 0.16 0.76 0.09 0.52 0.65 1.07 1.11 1.86 2.11 1.16 1.93 1.79 2.49 2.20 1.81 2.27 1.53 1.14 OKWF-10 5.68 2.79 7.64 1.23 6.62 1.51 0.04 1.44 0.20 1.14 0.25 0.53 0.07 0.33 0.04 1.19 1.04 1.64 1.56 1.95 1.88 2.52 1.23 2.05 1.77 2.20 0.98 1.28 1.49 2.55 SENB-11 9.11 1.40 4.20 0.73 4.46 1.42 0.03 1.66 0.29 1.79 0.40 0.86 0.12 0.58 0.07 1.60 1.01 1.07 1.51 1.69 1.29 2.55 1.68 1.09 1.43 1.42 1.22 1.25 1.35 1.32 SENB-12 7.86 1.31 3.91 0.67 3.89 1.18 0.03 1.38 0.24 1.48 0.34 0.75 0.10 0.51 0.06 0.15 1.83 1.11 0.41 2.14 2.15 1.22 1.30 0.88 0.60 0.47 0.50 0.73 1.72 1.44 SENB-13 7.11 0.98 2.94 0.52 3.10 0.98 0.02 1.18 0.21 1.35 0.31 0.69 0.10 0.47 0.06 0.53 0.81 0.53 1.49 2.38 2.49 1.75 0.63 1.18 1.10 0.96 0.32 1.03 0.49 1.55 SENB-14 5.63 0.68 2.17 0.39 2.34 0.81 0.02 0.96 0.18 1.11 0.25 0.55 0.08 0.40 0.05 1.14 0.23 0.64 0.03 1.57 0.69 0.75 0.81 0.52 0.81 0.84 1.91 0.85 0.42 0.68 SENB-15 10.14 1.43 4.36 0.78 4.65 1.52 0.03 1.80 0.32 1.99 0.44 0.97 0.13 0.65 0.08 0.60 0.98 2.07 0.30 1.35 0.70 0.91 0.84 0.87 0.60 0.23 1.01 0.64 0.93 0.40 SENB-16 2.85 0.60 1.75 0.30 1.76 0.51 0.01 0.57 0.09 0.55 0.12 0.26 0.04 0.17 0.02 0.62 0.48 0.91 1.33 1.60 2.10 1.76 1.81 1.57 1.35 1.74 0.52 1.14 1.95 0.49 SENB-17 4.12 0.58 1.73 0.30 1.77 0.57 0.01 0.68 0.12 0.79 0.18 0.40 0.06 0.27 0.03 1.39 0.32 1.41 0.81 1.23 1.51 2.84 1.10 0.81 2.53 1.47 0.36 1.26 1.56 0.44 SENB-18 10.55 1.37 4.19 0.74 4.44 1.44 0.03 1.70 0.31 2.00 0.46 1.05 0.15 0.74 0.09 1.06 2.58 1.38 0.34 2.84 2.48 3.21 0.57 0.74 0.25 0.70 1.17 0.36 1.12 0.90 SENB-19 9.50 1.67 5.03 0.88 5.13 1.57 0.04 1.79 0.30 1.88 0.42 0.91 0.12 0.59 0.07 1.41 1.69 0.34 0.59 1.31 1.21 1.06 1.37 1.04 1.08 0.43 0.54 0.86 0.68 1.04 SENB-20 4.20 0.90 2.65 0.45 2.61 0.74 0.02 0.84 0.14 0.83 0.19 0.40 0.05 0.25 0.03 1.19 1.10 1.64 1.27 1.47 0.59 1.46 0.52 1.29 1.67 1.49 0.72 1.00 2.28 1.25 SENF-01 6.24 2.90 8.53 1.36 7.15 1.64 0.05 1.65 0.24 1.39 0.31 0.66 0.08 0.41 0.05 1.10 1.90 2.20 0.70 1.00 1.50 1.90 1.70 1.00 3.10 1.90 0.70 2.30 2.20 5.30 SENF-02 5.62 2.64 7.52 1.24 6.50 1.56 0.05 1.48 0.22 1.25 0.28 0.60 0.08 0.36 0.05 1.40 2.40 2.00 1.20 1.90 2.00 0.60 0.70 0.60 1.50 1.70 4.80 3.50 3.40 1.90 SENF-03 6.86 4.53 9.59 1.50 8.08 1.85 0.05 1.86 0.27 1.53 0.34 0.70 0.09 0.45 0.06 1.80 47.70 3.60 1.00 2.30 3.70 2.30 0.90 1.30 0.10 1.20 2.30 2.50 1.80 1.70 SENF-04 12.40 4.56 14.53 2.21 12.24 3.15 0.09 3.15 0.46 2.65 0.61 1.27 0.16 0.78 0.09 1.00 1.00 0.80 0.90 0.70 1.00 3.50 2.20 1.20 1.20 0.60 1.20 0.40 2.50 3.60 SENF-05 13.18 6.42 19.89 2.85 15.72 3.58 0.09 3.56 0.50 2.86 0.63 1.35 0.17 0.82 0.10 2.50 1.00 0.80 1.30 0.20 1.10 3.00 1.90 0.40 2.00 1.10 0.90 2.70 0.70 0.40 SENF-06 5.67 2.14 5.99 1.10 5.73 1.38 0.05 1.42 0.21 1.25 0.28 0.60 0.08 0.38 0.05 0.40 1.70 1.20 0.20 0.80 2.10 5.20 1.40 1.80 0.70 1.10 3.60 1.30 5.70 1.50 SENF-07 5.38 2.96 8.39 1.32 6.95 1.55 0.04 1.49 0.21 1.20 0.27 0.57 0.07 0.36 0.04 1.40 2.60 1.40 0.60 0.90 1.00 1.40 2.50 0.50 1.20 1.70 2.00 2.60 1.90 1.50 SENF-08 10.11 6.60 19.39 2.74 14.76 3.14 0.10 3.02 0.41 2.25 0.50 1.03 0.13 0.63 0.08 0.40 0.60 1.20 0.90 1.70 0.80 1.60 0.40 0.90 0.50 1.50 1.20 1.00 2.60 2.90 SENF-09 3.89 1.86 4.66 0.90 4.59 1.07 0.04 1.06 0.15 0.90 0.20 0.42 0.05 0.26 0.03 0.90 1.60 1.60 1.70 1.70 0.80 2.50 3.50 2.00 3.50 1.80 2.30 4.20 1.30 2.80 SENF-10 11.41 5.07 15.88 2.32 12.74 2.98 0.08 3.00 0.43 2.46 0.55 1.17 0.15 0.72 0.09 1.10 4.10 2.30 1.50 2.60 1.80 3.20 1.50 3.10 2.80 1.50 4.60 0.90 3.60 0.80 SLR-01 3.42 1.53 4.26 0.72 3.99 0.92 0.02 0.94 0.13 0.72 0.15 0.32 0.04 0.19 0.02 3.69 3.87 3.04 3.63 4.01 4.26 4.23 3.56 3.78 3.62 4.04 4.74 4.67 4.38 3.16 SLR-03 2.20 0.65 1.88 0.34 1.99 0.51 0.02 0.54 0.08 0.45 0.10 0.20 0.03 0.12 0.02 3.84 5.57 4.76 3.97 3.26 3.65 3.31 4.95 3.68 3.88 4.09 4.80 2.84 2.15 4.22 SLR-04 4.01 1.73 4.87 0.83 4.57 1.09 0.02 1.10 0.15 0.84 0.18 0.37 0.05 0.22 0.03 1.01 1.81 1.40 0.48 1.37 1.17 2.11 0.75 0.90 1.34 0.91 1.04 2.14 1.05 1.78
203
Solution Concentration (ppb) Relative Standard Deviation (%) Element Y La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Y La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Sample Mass 89 139 140 141 144 149 151 158 159 164 165 167 169 174 175 89 139 140 141 144 149 151 158 159 164 165 167 169 174 175 SLR-05 2.60 0.87 2.46 0.43 2.51 0.61 0.02 0.66 0.09 0.53 0.11 0.24 0.03 0.15 0.02 4.03 2.48 2.40 2.28 4.77 1.79 3.86 2.39 3.87 4.46 4.26 3.37 2.98 5.30 4.55 SLR-10 4.60 2.46 6.36 1.11 5.65 1.23 0.05 1.22 0.17 0.98 0.21 0.46 0.06 0.28 0.04 2.90 1.50 2.60 0.80 2.10 1.80 5.20 1.90 1.60 3.00 2.20 1.40 0.80 3.50 4.20 SLR-15 3.73 2.07 5.12 0.87 4.69 1.02 0.04 0.97 0.14 0.76 0.16 0.34 0.04 0.21 0.03 0.85 0.99 1.04 1.19 0.98 1.20 1.09 0.42 1.01 0.88 1.32 0.69 0.41 0.81 0.86 SLR-18 4.93 2.60 6.70 1.10 5.91 1.32 0.05 1.26 0.18 1.00 0.22 0.46 0.06 0.28 0.03 0.17 0.94 2.03 1.68 2.34 1.01 1.89 2.13 0.51 0.60 1.46 1.85 0.91 0.93 0.71 SLR-23 4.51 1.74 4.43 0.80 4.40 1.05 0.04 1.05 0.16 0.90 0.20 0.42 0.05 0.26 0.03 0.45 1.02 0.96 0.96 0.53 1.55 1.06 1.61 0.74 2.23 0.30 0.86 1.10 1.53 2.57 WDB-01 5.14 1.89 5.01 0.87 4.81 1.17 0.03 1.18 0.18 1.04 0.23 0.50 0.07 0.31 0.04 0.65 0.51 0.61 0.32 0.32 1.58 1.92 1.01 1.36 1.05 1.24 0.98 0.41 0.24 0.81 WDB-04 5.24 1.84 4.90 0.86 4.76 1.18 0.04 1.17 0.18 1.04 0.23 0.50 0.07 0.31 0.04 0.83 0.77 1.03 1.14 1.13 0.94 0.25 1.48 1.66 2.43 1.72 1.64 1.74 2.31 1.87 WDB-05 8.74 3.34 9.79 1.57 8.67 2.12 0.06 2.10 0.31 1.78 0.39 0.83 0.11 0.52 0.06 0.65 0.86 0.26 1.02 0.78 0.75 0.69 0.44 0.82 0.76 1.29 0.33 0.59 0.19 1.41 WDB-08 5.17 2.56 6.86 1.12 6.07 1.39 0.04 1.34 0.19 1.07 0.23 0.49 0.06 0.30 0.04 0.22 1.02 1.28 1.30 1.40 0.72 0.61 0.96 0.99 0.81 1.59 1.56 1.29 1.43 1.46 WDB-10 4.94 1.64 4.35 0.80 4.45 1.14 0.03 1.14 0.17 1.01 0.22 0.47 0.06 0.29 0.04 0.48 0.99 1.10 1.83 2.21 1.05 2.44 1.44 1.38 0.98 1.44 1.42 0.52 1.74 0.65 WQF-01 7.66 3.75 11.27 1.69 9.15 2.09 0.06 2.00 0.29 1.62 0.36 0.76 0.10 0.45 0.06 0.20 0.80 1.10 0.60 2.20 0.30 1.60 0.80 1.00 0.90 1.40 0.80 3.10 2.20 3.80 WQF-02 4.46 2.12 5.67 1.03 5.29 1.23 0.04 1.20 0.17 1.00 0.22 0.46 0.06 0.30 0.04 1.70 2.30 1.90 0.80 3.30 2.10 1.70 1.60 1.20 2.00 1.30 3.30 3.20 1.80 1.20 WQF-03 5.89 1.93 5.40 1.03 5.52 1.40 0.05 1.43 0.22 1.29 0.29 0.62 0.08 0.40 0.05 1.40 1.80 3.40 1.90 2.40 4.60 1.10 2.20 2.80 1.10 0.20 0.10 1.40 0.90 2.40 WQF-04 8.91 4.25 12.84 1.92 10.38 2.42 0.07 2.42 0.34 1.93 0.43 0.91 0.12 0.57 0.07 0.50 0.70 0.90 0.80 0.90 2.10 1.10 1.30 1.10 2.10 1.20 1.10 0.90 1.40 1.60 WQF-05 5.95 3.12 9.03 1.40 7.30 1.65 0.05 1.65 0.23 1.34 0.29 0.63 0.08 0.40 0.05 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.30 0.60 1.50 3.10 2.10 1.00 0.50 2.80 1.70 1.80 5.20 1.50 WQF-06 5.78 2.84 8.04 1.30 6.75 1.58 0.05 1.58 0.23 1.30 0.29 0.60 0.08 0.39 0.05 2.70 3.10 4.70 3.50 3.50 3.60 4.20 1.60 3.40 3.90 3.90 5.70 2.10 2.80 1.50 WQF-07 6.79 3.87 11.21 1.68 8.91 1.96 0.06 1.94 0.27 1.54 0.34 0.72 0.09 0.45 0.06 1.90 0.60 1.40 2.40 1.50 3.00 1.50 3.80 1.50 1.50 2.50 1.40 1.20 3.10 3.40 WQF-08 4.73 2.55 7.01 1.17 6.03 1.39 0.05 1.34 0.19 1.08 0.24 0.51 0.06 0.32 0.04 0.40 0.70 2.20 0.80 2.30 0.40 3.90 2.20 1.10 0.70 1.10 1.80 3.30 2.00 5.00 WQF-09 5.43 2.40 6.84 1.16 6.13 1.47 0.05 1.46 0.21 1.21 0.27 0.58 0.08 0.37 0.05 0.50 0.50 0.60 0.40 0.40 2.60 2.00 1.40 0.30 1.50 1.70 1.80 0.30 1.50 1.80 WQF-10 6.17 2.75 7.86 1.31 6.93 1.62 0.04 1.63 0.24 1.42 0.31 0.67 0.09 0.43 0.05 1.20 1.80 3.10 0.30 3.80 1.20 3.00 2.40 0.70 2.30 1.50 0.60 1.40 2.70 1.70 RSD avg. 3.43 4.54 4.30 4.01 4.40 4.54 4.95 4.55 4.46 4.72 4.70 4.87 4.75 5.16 5.16
204
APPENDIX B
205 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Totals 267 20 276 119 6 33 39 19 46 3 49 272 22 10 29 89 22 117 0 114 94 98 Brachiopods 57 12 62 47 6 22 19 14 24 0 17 50 17 6 20 50 13 52 0 41 27 38 Glossina triangulata 00 0 00000000 0000101 00 0 Lindstromella aspidium 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingula sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingula sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingula cf. compta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingula delia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingula densa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingula desiderata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingula dorsa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingula ligea 00 0 10100000 0000000 10 1 Lingula manni 00 0 11100000 0000000 00 0 Lingula cf. rectilatera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingula spatulata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingula thedfordensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Dignomia alveata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trigonoglossis truncata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingulodiscina cf. exilis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lingulodiscina marginalis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Discina minuta 00 0 11100000 0000000 00 0 Orbiculoidea sp. 00 0 00000001 0000000 00 0 Orbiculoidea sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orbiculoidea ampla 00 0 00000000 0000101 00 0 Orbiculoidea doria 00 0 10000000 0000101 00 0 Orbiculoidea cf. humilis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orbiculoidea lodiensis 00 0 11100000 0000000 00 0 Orbiculoidea media 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Roemerella grandis 00 0 10000000 0000100 00 0 Acanthocrania chilmanae 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Petrocrania hamiltoniae 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Philhedra (Crania) crenistriata 00 0 00000001 1000000 01 0 Philhedra (Crania) sheldoni 00 0 00000000 0000101 00 0 Philhedra (Crania) stewarti 0 0 0000 00000 0000000 000 Craniops (Pholidops) hamiltoniae 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Craniops (Pholidops) linguloides 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Craniops (Pholidops) neali 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Craniops (Pholidops) oblata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Craniops (Pholidops) patina 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Athyris sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Athyris sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Athyris leoni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Athyris cora 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Athyris fultonensis (=vittata) 10 1 10000000 1101101 01 1
206 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 100 58 167 82 0 79 47 22 10 7 9 6 94 19 139 14 58 87 28 0 267 44 32 35 50 76 126 177 212 209 4015533602815974112473341827120803211255 2852627165 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0011 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0011 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
207 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 234 221 37 8 16 0 27 0 17 86 92 65 48 457 456 473 618 14 134 94 7 172 252 318 364 454 549 60 116 81 81 0 8 16 0 20 0 2 40 33 25 22 102 79 104 114 11 56 33 6 68 73 102 107 129 154 34 46 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011111100 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
208 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 45 140 47 513 53 16 23 12 24 47 47 32 8 5 7 14 17 23 14 17 123 494 97 44 28 264 393 70 29541513025121712182528195446771315456824189679519 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000010000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000010000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000100000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 010110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000001000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000001000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 00000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 1 1000010000000011 1 0 000000
209 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 8334 4319 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001
210 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Athyris spiriferoides 00 0 00000001 1000111 11 1 Camarospira sp. 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 1 Camarospira sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Camarospira sp. B 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Camarospira sp. C 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Camarospira eucharis 10 1 10000000 1000000 00 0 Charionella ovata 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Charionella rostrata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Charionella scitula 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Charionoides doris 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Meristella sp. 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Meristella? sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Meristella barrisi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Meristella dispansa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Meristella haskinsi 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Meristella lineolata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Meristella rostrata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Meristina meta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Meristina nasuta 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Nucleospira sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nucleospira aff. ventricosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nucleospira concinna 10 1 00000000 1000101 10 0 Parazyga hirsuta 00 0 00000000 ?000001 00 1 Pentagonia bisulcata 00 0 00000000 0000001 01 1 Pentagonia unisulcata 00 0 00000000 1000100 00 0 Rhynchospirinia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trematospira (Leptospira) gibbosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atlanticocoelia acutiplicata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atrypa sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atrypa sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atrypa sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atrypa aspera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atrypa costata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atrypa ehlersi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atrypa elegans 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Atrypa' pseudomarginalis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pseudoatrypa cf. devoniana (='reticularis') 10 1 10000001 1000111 11 1 Carinatrypa dysmorphostrota 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Carinatrypa sinuata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Independatrypa sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Spinatrypa n. sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Spinatrypa (Isospinatrypa) cf. borealis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Spinatrypa spinosa 10 1 10010100 1000100 10 1 Spinatrypina edmundsi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
211 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1001 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 111 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1000110000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010111 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1111 0 0000001000000 110 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 1110000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1110000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1001 1 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
212 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 1 10 0 0 0 0 001011110000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111110000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111110100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 1 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 1 0 1 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 111111110100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 1 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
213 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 1 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 1000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 1 1 0 1 0000000000101000 1 0 000011 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 1 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000011110000 0 1 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 1 1 0 1 1000011100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 1 1 0 1 1010111100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
214 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 001 000
215 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Variatrypa arctica 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Coelospira camilla 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dalejina sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dalejina alsa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Discomothyris? sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Isorthis propinque 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Kayserella americana 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Levenea sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Levenea lenticularis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Levenea aff. subcarinata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthis cleobis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthis idas 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthis lepidus 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Orthis semele 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Rhipidomella sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Rhipidomella cyclas 00 0 00000000 0000000 11 0 Rhipidomella idonea 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Rhipidomella livia 10 1 00000000 0101100 00 0 Rhipidomella leucosia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Rhipidomella penelope 00 0 00000000 0000111 10 1 Rhipidomella trigona 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Rhipidomella vanuxemi 10 1 10111100 1111101 10 1 Rhipidomella varabilis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Schizophoria sp. 00 0 10010100 0000000 00 0 Schizophoria sp. 00 0 00000000 0000101 00 0 Schizophoria sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Schizophoria n sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Schizophoria impressa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Schizophoria ferronensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Schizophoria cf. macfarleni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Schizophoria striatula (=foleyi?) 00 0 00000001 1101100 11 0 Skenidium sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sphenophragmus nanus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tropidoleptus carinatus 00 0 00000000 0000111 11 0 Gypidula sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Gypidula sp. (smooth) 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gypidula n sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gypidula n.sp. B 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gypidula romingeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentamerella alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentamerella arata 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Pentamerella indianensis 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Pentamerella paricosta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentamerella parva 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
216 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 1011000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0011 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1011 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 1100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000001110000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1001 1 0000000010000 100 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0111 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1011000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
217 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 1 1 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 010011111100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 1 1 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 1 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 1 1 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
218 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000001 1 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 1 0 1 1111111000000011 1 0 001000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 1 1 0 1 0000000000000011 1 0 000010 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
219 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
220 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Pentamerella pavilionensis 00 0 10000000 1000101 00 1 Pentamerella thusnelda 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Pentamerella tumida 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentamerella wintereri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sieberella newtonensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sieberella romingeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Camarophoria sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Camarophoria (=Atribonium) halli 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Camarophoria (=Atribonium?) gainesi 00 0 00000000 1000001 00 0 Camarophoria (=Atribonium?) kernahani 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Camarotoechia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Camarotoechia sp. 00 0 00000001 0000000 00 0 'Camarotoechia' billingsi 11 1 10100000 0000000 00 0 'Camarotoechia' tethys 11 1 10110100 1101100 00 0 Cherryvalleyrostrum limitare 01 1 11100000 0000000 00 0 Cupularostrum sp. 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cupularostrum sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cupularostrum sp. B 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cupularostrum cf. pauciplicata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cupularostrum congregata 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 1 Cupularostrum depressa? 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 1 Cupularostrum dotis 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Cupularostrum horsfordi 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Cupularostrum louisvillensis 00 0 00000000 1000101 00 0 Cupularostrum nitida 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cupularostrum prolifica 00 0 10001100 0000000 00 0 Cupularostrum sappho 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 1 Cupularostrum tenuistriata 00 0 00000000 0000101 00 0 Cupularostrum thedfordensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Cyclorhina (Callipleura) nobilis 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 1 Eumetabolatoechia kelloggi 00 0 00000001 0000000 11 0 Eumetabolatoechia laura 00 0 00000001 0000000 11 0 Eumetabolatoechia mesacostalis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eumetabolatoechia multicostum 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 'Leiorhynchus' lucasi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Leiorhynchus' mysia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Machaeraria carolina 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Rhynchotreta sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ambocoelia sp. 00 0 00000001 0000000 00 0 Ambocoelia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ambocoelia n sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ambocoelia cf. umbonata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ambocoelia umbonata 00 0 10101101 0000001 11 0 Crurispina nana 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
221 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000011000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000001000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000001010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0011 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0011 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 001 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0011 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 00? 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
222 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 1 10 0 0 0 0 000001110100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111111100 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010111 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
223 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 1 0 0 1 0000011000000000 1 0 001000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 1100000100000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 1111000100000011 1 0 000000 0 0 0 0 1100001000011100 1 0 001000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 1 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000001000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000001000000000 0 0 010000 1 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000011100 0 0 010110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000010000 0 0 010110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 1 0 0 1 0001111000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000001100 0 0 010110
224 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
225 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Crurispina spinosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Echinocoelia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Emanuella sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Emanuella sp II (Caldwell 1968) 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Emanuella meristoides 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Emanuella praeumbona 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Emanuella sublineata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Emanuella subumbona 00 0 00000000 0000101 00 0 Metaplasia (Plicoplasia?) disparalis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pustulatia pustulosa 00 0 00000000 0000101 00 0 Euryspirifer macrothyris 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acrospirifer atlanticus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acrospirifer duodenarius 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Alatiforma varicosa 10 1 00000000 1101111 00 0 Alatiforma varicosa hobbsi 00 0 00000000 0101101 00 0 Alanella cf. tullia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Allanella tullia (sm) 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Allenella tullia (lg) 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Brevispirifer gregarius 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Brevispirifer lucasensis (M. consobrina in C OH) 00 0 10110100 0000000 10 1 Brevispirifer? davisi 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cyrtina sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyrtina biplicata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyrtina crassa 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cyrtina hamiltonensis 10 1 10001100 1111101 11 1 Cyrtina hoffmeisteri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyrtina recta 00 0 00000000 1000100 00 0 Cyrtina umbonata alpinensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Duryeella macra 11 1 10110100 0101101 10 0 Elita fimbriata 10 1 00000000 0000101 00 1 Eosyringothyris cf. aspera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fimbrispirifer divaricatus 10 1 00000000 1000101 00 0 Fimbrispirifer grieri 10 1 00000000 1101000 00 0 Fimbrispirifer venustus 00 0 00000000 0000001 10 1 Mediospirifer sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mediospirifer angustus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Mediospirifer audaculus 00 0 10011100 0000101 10 1 Mediospirifer macronotus 00 0 10010100 0000001 10 0 Mediospirifer manni 10 1 00000000 1000100 00 0 Mediospirifer? segmentum 10 1 00000000 1000101 00 0 Megakozlowskiella raricosta 10 1 00000000 0000001 00 0 Megakozlowskiella sculptilis 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 1 Mucrospirifer consobrinus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mucrospirifer ( cf. grabaui) thedfordensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
226 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 ? 0 0 0 0000 0 1100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 ?00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 ?00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 ? 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 ?00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1111 0 1100000010000 100 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1110 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000010 110 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1000 1 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1011 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0010 0 0000000000111 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
227 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 1 1 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 1 1 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 1 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 1 1 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110100 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 1 0 1 111111111100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011111100 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 10 0 0 1 0 100011110000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111110000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 1 0 111111110100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
228 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000011 1 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000001 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0001110000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 1 1 1 1 1010111100000011 1 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 1 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 1111110100000001 1 0 000000 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 1 0 0 0000000000000010 0 1 000000 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 1 1 0 1 0000111000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000110000000000 0 0 010000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 1 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
229 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 111 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
230 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Mucrospirifer mucronatus 00 0 000?0000 0011100 00 0 'Mucrospirifer' pennatus 00 0 00000001 0000001 11 1 Orthospirifer n sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthospirifer? eurytines (= Platyrachella oweni) 00 0 00000000 0000110 01 0 Orthospirifer? fornacula 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Orthospirifer maconnathi 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Orthospirifer? marceyi 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Paraspirifer acuminatus 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Paraspirifer bownockeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Spinocyrtia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Spinocyrtia cf. granulosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Spirifer' aff. iowaensis (large) 00 0 00000000 0000110 00 0 'Spirifer' arctisegmentum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 'Spirifer' byrnesi 00 0 00000000 0101101 00 0 'Spirifer' macer 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Spirifer' medialis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 spiriferid, lamellose 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 spiriferid, smooth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tylothyris pauliformis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Warrenella (Warrenellina) extensa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Warrenella maia 01 1 11100000 0000000 00 0 Arcuaminetes scitulus 00 0 10100000 0000000 11 0 'Chonetes' sp. (large) 00 0 00000000 0101000 00 0 'Chonetes' sp. (small, coarse-ribbed) 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Chonetes' maconenesis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Chonetes' mediolatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Chonetes' nateforma 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Chonetes' pachyactis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Chonetes' sibleyensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Chonetes' yandellanus 00 0 00000000 0000111 00 0 Devonochonetes coronatus 00 0 00000001 0000011 11 1 Devonochonetes fragilis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Devonochonetes? manitobensis 00 0 00000000 0000101 00 0 Eodevoniara acutiradiata 10 1 00000000 1000001 00 0 Eodevoniara arcuata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eodevoniara hemispherica 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hallinetes lineatus 01 1 10100000 0000000 00 0 Klocinetes lepidus 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Longispina deflecta 01 1 10111101 0000000 11 0 Longispina emmetensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Longispina leionanus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Longispina lissohybus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Longispina mucronata 11 1 10111100 1000000 10 1 Longispina pelta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
231 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0110 0 0000001010001 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 1110000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010111 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1011 0 1100001000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001110000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0111 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0110 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 ?00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0001 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1001 0 0000000000000 111 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000100000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
232 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 00 0 1 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 1 1 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 1 1 0 000000000100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110100 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 100011110100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111110111 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
233 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 1 0000000000000001 0 0 010110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000001000000000 0 0 010000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000001 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 1100000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 1 1 0000011000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 1100001100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 1111111100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 1 1111111111111100 1 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
234 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 100 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 111 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000
235 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Longispina subclava 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Monsenetes tarae? ('lg Hallinetes') 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Retichonetes vicinus 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Striatochonetes setigera 00 0 10000001 0000000 01 0 Eoschuchertella sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Eoschuchertella arctostriata 00 0 00000000 1000101 00 1 Eoschuchertella perversa 00 0 10100000 0000000 00 1 Eoschuchertella flabellum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eoschuchertella pandora 10 1 10000000 0000000 00 0 Schuchertella? sp. (orthotetacid) 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Schuchertella ? sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Schuchertella n sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Schuchertella anomala 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Schuchertella' cf. chemungensis 00 0 10001100 0000000 00 0 'Schuchertella' cornucopia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Schuchertella' crassa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Schuchertella' lirella 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Etheridgina? spinosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Productella sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Productella sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Productella n sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Productella semiglobosa 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Productella shumardiana 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Spinulicosta mutocosta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Spinulicosta navicella 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Spinulicosta spinulicosta 11 1 10010100 1101111 10 1 Strophalosia? sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Devonolosia wrightorum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Helaspis luma crista 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Helaspis luma luma 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptalosia radicans 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Oligorhachis oligorachis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Truncalosia gibbosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Truncalosia truncata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Chonostrophia reversa 01 1 11110100 0000000 00 0 Costistrophonella ampla 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Costistrophonella cf. punctulifera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cymostrophia patersoni 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Devonamphistrophia alveata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hercostrophia alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hercostrophia robusta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hercostrophia subcarinata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptaena rhomboidalis 11 1 10101100 1111000 00 0 Megastrophia concava 11 1 10011101 1011111 11 1
236 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0011 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 00? 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001110000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001110010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1010 1 1100000000000 000 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0010 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010111 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 111 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 110 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0111 1 0000000000110 100 0 0 0 1 1 1 0
237 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 1 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000001110010 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000010110100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110100 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 1 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 1 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 1 0 1 0 010011111111 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 100011110010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111111111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111111100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
238 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000011000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 1 0 0 0 0000000000001100 1 0 001010 0 0 0 0 0000011100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 1000001100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000001000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 1 1 1 1 1010111000001111 1 0 001000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000011000100 1 0 000010 0 0 0 0 1111000111000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 1111000110100010 0 1 000000 1 1 0 1 1010111100000011 1 0 000000
239 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 111 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001
240 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Megastrophia gibbosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Megastrophia hemispherica 10 1 10011100 0000000 10 0 Megastrophia inequiradiata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mesoleptostrophia junia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mesoleptostrophia textilis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pholidostrophia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pholidostrophia nacrea (=iowaensis?) 10 1 10011100 1011111 11 0 Pholidostrophia geniculata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pholidostrophia gracilis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pholidostrophia ovata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Protodouvillina distans 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Protodouvillina inequistriata 10 1 10110100 1101000 00 1 Protoleptostrophia lirella 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Protoleptostrophia perplana 10 1 10111101 1000111 10 1 Strophodonta acris 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta demissa 10 1 10111101 1101001 11 1 Strophodonta discus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta elongata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta erratica 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta extenuata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta fascis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta fissicosta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta leptoidema 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta micropleura 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta musculosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta nana 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta paula 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta parva 10 1 10000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta plicata 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Strophodonta textilis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophodonta titan 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Subrensselandia n sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Subrensselandia subpyromorphis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cryptonella sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cryptonella aff. attenuata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cryptonella lens 10 1 00000000 1000000 10 0 Cryptonella ovalis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cryptonella planirostrata 00 0 00000000 0000000 11 0 Cryptonella rectirostrata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cryptonella reimanni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cranaena sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cranaena attenuata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Cranaena casei 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
241 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1001 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1011000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1111 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001110000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000111 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1111 1 0000001000000 110 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1111 1 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000001110000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1010000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000010100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1001000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000001000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
242 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110100 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111111100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 010011111100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111110100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111111100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 1 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 1 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
243 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 1 1010110100000000 1 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 1 0 1 1010111100000011 1 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 1111111000000010 1 0 001000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 1 0 1 1111111100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 1 0 1 1111111100000011 1 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 1000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
244 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 001 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
245 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Cranaena harmonia 00 0 00000000 0000101 00 0 Cranaena jucunda 00 0 00000000 0101000 00 0 Cranaena lincklaeni 10 1 10010100 1000100 10 0 Cranaena romingeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Cranaena sullivanti 10 1 10000000 1000000 00 0 Amphigenia elongata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Centronella campbelli 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Centronella glansfagea 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Centronella impressa 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Rhypidothyris multiplicata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
Molluscs - Bivalves 27 3 29 20 0 7 1 2 3 2 14 12 0 4 4 18 2 2 7 28 3 Actinodesma sp. 00 0 00000000 0011000 00 0 Actinodesma erectum 00 0 10100000 0000000 10 0 Actinodesma occidentale 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Actinopteria boydi 10 1 00000001 1011000 11 0 Actinopteria calliotis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Actinopteria decussata 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Actinopteria muricatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Actinopteria pennisularia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Carydium bellistriata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cimitaria corrugata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cimitaria elongata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Clinopistha antiqua 10 1 00000000 0000100 00 0 Clinopistha striata 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Clinopistha subnasuta 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Cornellites sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cypricardella sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cypricardella bellistriata 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Cypricardella complanata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cypricardella major 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Cypricardella tenuistriata 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Cypricardinia cataracta 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cypricardinia cylindrica 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Cypricardinia indenta 00 0 00000001 0000000 01 0 Cypricardinia inflata 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Diodontopteria kellumi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Elymella nuculoides 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eoschizodus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eoschizodus chemungensis (=appressus) 10 1 00000001 0000000 01 0 Eoschizodus contractus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eoschizodus tumidus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Glossites sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Glossites subtenuis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
246 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
9112041312400103010000 729 0 3 3 37637374 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1111 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 1100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 1100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 1000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
247 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 010011110100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
76 67 0 0 0 1 2 0 5 0 0 36 36 19 43 0 24 11 0 21 37 79 52 87 101 6 29 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 010011110100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
248 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 1 0 1 1010111000000000 1 0 001000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 1000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110
5191228410001010000011611 1924111510557413 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000011000000000 0 0 010000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 1 0000000000000010 1 0 001010 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000100 0 0 010110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000001000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 00000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
249 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
403 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
250 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Glossites teretis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Glyptocardia speciosa 00 0 00000001 0000000 01 0 Goniophora glaucus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Goniophora hamiltonensis 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Goniophora nucella 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Goniophora truncata 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Gosselettia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000010 00 0 Gosselettia triqueta 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Grammatodon (Macrodon) hamiltoni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysia sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysia sp. B 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysia bellatula 00 0 00000001 0000000 01 0 Grammysia circulis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysia cuneata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysia nodocostata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysia obsoleta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysia ovata 00 0 10100000 0000000 00 0 Grammysia secunda 10 1 00000000 0000100 00 0 Grammysia subarcuata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysia sylvanensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysoidea sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysoidea sp. B 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysoidea alveata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Grammysoidea arcuata 10 1 10100000 0000000 01 0 Grammysoidea bisulcata 00 0 10100001 0000000 01 0 Grammysoidea constricta 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Leiopteria sp. 00 0 00100000 0011000 00 0 Leiopteria conradi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leiopteria dekayi 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Leiopteria gabbi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leiopteria greeni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leiopteria laevis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leiopteria peninsularis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leiopteria rafinesqui 00 0 10000001 0000000 01 0 Leptodesma (Leiopteria) ausablensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptodesma cf. rogersi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptodesma furcistria 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Limoptera (Myalinodonta) migrans 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Limoptera cancellata 00 0 00000000 1000100 00 0 Limoptera curvata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Limoptera macroptera 00 0 00000000 0011100 10 0 Limoptera obsoleta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Limoptera pauperata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0
251 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 1 1000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 1100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1111 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
252 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
253 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000100 0 0 010110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 1 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 1100011000000000 1 0 001000 0 0 0 0 0000011000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000100 0 0 010110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000010000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 1 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 1 0 1 0000000000000001 0 0 010110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
254 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 100 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 100 000 000 000 001 000 000
255 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Lunulicardium curtem 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lunulicardium marcellense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lunulicardium rude 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lyriopecten mitchelli 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lyriopecten orbiculatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lyromytilus attenuatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Macrodon' sp. 01 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Macrodon' sp. 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 'Macrodon' sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Megambonia cardiiformis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Modiella pygmaea 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Modiomorpha sp. 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Modiomorpha sp. 00 0 00010100 0000000 00 0 Modiomorpha sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Modiomorpha clarens 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Modiomorpha concentrica 00 0 100?0?00 0000100 00 1 Modiomorpha mytiloides (=alta, affinis) 00 0 00000000 1000100 00 0 Modiomorpha ? ponderosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Modiomorpha subalata 00 0 00000001 0000000 01 0 Mytilarca sp. 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Mytilarca (Plethomytilus) oviforme 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Mytilarca (Plethomytilus) ponderosa 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mytilarca cf. carinata 00 0 00000001 0000000 00 0 Mytilarca cordata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mytilarca pericarinata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nucula sp. 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nucula varicosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nuculites sp. 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Nuculites oblongatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Nuculites triqueter 00 0 00000001 0000000 01 0 Nuculoidea corbuliformis 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Nuculoidea herzi 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Nuculoidea lirata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nuculoidea neda 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Nuculoidea niotica 10 1 00000000 0000100 00 0 Nyassa arguta (=dorsata) 00 0 10100010 0000000 01 0 Nyassa recta 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Orthonota cf. carinata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthonota parvula 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthonota undulata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Palaeoneilo sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Palaeoneilo constricta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Palaeoneilo emarginata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Palaeoneilo maxima 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
256 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 1000100000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
257 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000001110000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
258 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000001100 0 0 010110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000001000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000100 0 0 010110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 1 1 0 0 0000011000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000011000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110
259 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
260 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Palaeoneilo muta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Palaeoneilo sanduskiensis 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Palaeoneilo tenuistriata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Panenka aff. grandis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Panenka alternata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Panenka linklaeni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Panenka multiradiata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Panenka potas 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Panenka ventricosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Paracyclas sp. 00 0 00001100 0000000 00 0 Paracyclas elliptica (=proavia) 11 1 1000??00 1000100 00 1 Paracyclas lirata (=rugosus) 00 0 1000??00 1000100 01 0 Paracyclas ohioensis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Phenacocyclas pohli 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Phestia rostellata 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Pholadella radiata 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Phthonia cylindrica 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Phthonia sectifrons 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Phthonia nodicosta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Plethomytilus oviformia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Prothyris lanceolata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pseudaviculopecten sp. 00 0 00001100 0000000 00 0 Pseudaviculopecten sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pseudaviculopecten sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Pseudaviculopecten? cleon 10 1 00000001 0000000 00 0 Pseudaviculopecten crassicostatus 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Pseudaviculopecten equilateris 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Pseudaviculopecten exactus 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Pseudaviculopecten fasciculatus 00 0 00000001 1000000 01 0 Pseudaviculopecten princeps 00 0 10000010 1000001 01 0 Pseudaviculopecten? cf. invalidus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pseudaviculopecten? cf. pecteniformis 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Pseudaviculopecten? parilis 10 1 10000000 0000000 00 0 Pseudaviculopecten scabridus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pterinea (Cornellites) macrotis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pterinea similis 10 1 00000000 0000000 01 0 Pterinopecten sp. 00 0 10100000 0000000 00 0 Pterinopecten sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pterinopecten hermes 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pterinopecten undosus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pterinopecten terminalis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pterinopecten vertumnus 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Pterochania fragilis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ptychodesma knappianum 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0
261 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 1000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 1000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0010 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
262 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 1 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110100 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000001110100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000001110100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
263 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000010000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 1 0 1000010000000000 1 0 000000 1 0 0 1 0000011000000000 1 0 001000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000001000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 1 0 0 0 0000011000000000 1 0 001000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 1000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000100 0 0 010110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
264 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 100 000 000 100 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
265 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Ptychopteria ('Cornellites') flabellum 10 1 00000001 0000011 11 1 Sanguinolites sanduskiensis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Solemya vetusta 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Solenomorpha peninsularis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sphenotus solonoides 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sphenotus truncatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sphenotus cuneatus 01 1 10000001 0000000 01 0 Tellinopsis subemarginata 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0
Molluscs - Gastropods 63 1 63 9 0 1 0 0 0 0 8 28 0 0 0 9 1 1 6 8 6 Bellerophon sp. 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Bellerophon sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bellerophon sp. 00 0 00000001 0000000 00 1 bellerophontid sp. A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bellerophontid sp. B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bellerophontid sp. C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bellerophon acutilira 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bellerophon crenistriata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bellerophon newberryi 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bellerophon pelops 10 1 00000000 1000000 10 0 Bellerophon pelops var. exponens 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Buchania devonica 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cyrtonella mitella 00 0 00000001 0000000 01 0 Ptomatis patulus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Retispira leda 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Retispira (=Patellilabia) lyra 00 0 00000001 0000000 01 0 'Ruedemannia' insolata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ruedemannia trilix 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bembexia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bembexia adjutor 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Bembexia' planodorsalis 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Bembexia sulcomarginata 00 0 00000001 1000100 01 0 Buchelia tyrrelli 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Coelidium sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dentalium martini 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Elasmonema bellatula 10 1 00000000 1000000 10 0 Elasmonema clarki 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Elasmonema imitator 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Elasmonema lichas 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Euomphalus decewi 10 1 10000000 1000000 00 0 Euomphalus laxus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Euryzone arata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Glyptotomaria capillaria 00 0 00000001 0000000 01 0 Glyptotomaria itys 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
266 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 1110 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
133551614833620000011 3101 1 5 5 3141920 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000001100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000001100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000001100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1001 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 1011110000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1001 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
267 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 1 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
20 20 0 0 0 0 3 13 16 8 78175519209 6 1 10 18 22 26 31 38 2 9 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 000001110000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
268 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 1 1 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 1000010000000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110
22014106100024410102200 19736 1 5132714 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 1 0000000000000000 10000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 1000000100000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110
269 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
003 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
270 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Glyptotomaria rugulata 10 1 10000000 0000000 00 0 Gyronema sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Holopea (Balbiniconcha) hebe 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Holopea? (Polyphemosis) louisvillae 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Holopea macrostoma 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Holopea prisca 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hormotoma? sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hormotomina maia 10 1 00000000 0000000 10 0 Isonema depressum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Isonema humilus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Longstaffia speciosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lophospira? trilix 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Loxonema sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Loxonema sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Loxonema sp. B 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Loxonema gracillium 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Loxonema hydraulica 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Loxonema parvula 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Loxonema pexata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Loxonema robusta 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Loxonema teres 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Macrochilina onondagaensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mastigospira sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mastigospira ingens 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mastigospira intermedia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Michelia strebloceras 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mourlonia lucina 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 murchisonid sp. A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 murchisonid sp. B 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Murchisonia leda 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Murchisonia (Coelocaulus) desiderata 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Murchisonia eversolensis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Murchisonia intermedia 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Solenospira (=Murchisonia) quadricarinata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Naticonema lineata 10 1 00000000 1000000 10 1 Naticonema sinuosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Naticonema turbinata 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Naticopsis comperta 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Naticopsis cretacea 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Naticopsis equistriata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Naticopsis laevis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Omphalocirrus manitobensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthonema newberryi 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthonychia concavum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
271 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0000 0 1010000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1000100000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 1100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1100100000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1100100000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 1100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1011110000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
272 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 1 10 0 0 0 0 000011010111 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
273 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 1000001000001100 1 0 001000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
274 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
275 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Orthonychia conicum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Orthonychia dentalium 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthonychia suberectum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Palaeozygopleura delphicola 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Palaeozygopleura hamiltoniae 00 0 00000000 0000100 10 0 Palaeozygopleura laeviusculum 10 1 00000000 0000100 00 0 Palaeozygopleura sicula 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Paleotrochus kearneyi 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platyceras argo 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platyceras arkonense 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Platyceras attenuatum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platyceras blatchleyi 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platyceras bradleyi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platyceras bucculentum 10 1 10000000 1000110 00 0 Platyceras carinatum 10 1 10000000 0000000 00 1 Platyceras compressum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Platyceras concinum 00 0 00000000 1000001 00 0 Platyceras dumosum 10 1 10000000 1000100 00 0 Platyceras erectum 11 1 10100001 1000000 11 1 Platyceras keoughi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platyceras knappi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platyceras multispinosum 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Platyceras nodosum 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Platyceras rarispinum 10 1 00000000 0000100 00 0 Platyceras rictum 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Platyceras squalodens 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platyceras symmetricum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Platyceras thetis 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Platyceras cf. undatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platystoma subglobosa 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platystoma unisulcata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pleurotomaria sp. 00 0 00000001 1000000 00 0 Pleurotomaria cancellata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pleurotomaria cymbium 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pleurotomaria delicatula 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pleurotomaria dublinensis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pleurotomaria fornicata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pleurotomaria hebe 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pleurotomaria hyphantes 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pleurotomaria proteri 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pleurotomaria rotunda 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pleurotomaria sciotoensis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Porcellia hertzeri 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Porcellia scioto 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0
276 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0011 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1110 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
277 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 1 10 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110100 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 100011110100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111110100 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 111111110100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
278 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000001100 0 0 010110 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000000010100000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 1000000000000000 1 0 000000 0 1 0 1 1000011100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 1 0 0 1000001100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 0 1100011100000000 1 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
279 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
280 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Pseudophorus antiquus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Straparollus clymenoides 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Straparollus corrugatus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Straparollis cottrelli 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Straparollus planodiscus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Straparollis sampsoni 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Strobeus pulchellus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strophstylas varians 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trepospira (=Pleurotomaria) rotalia 00 0 00000001 0000000 01 0 Tritonophon rotalinea 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trochonema meekanum (=tricarinatum) 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trochonema rectilatera 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Trochonema yandellana 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Tropidodiscus hyalinus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Turbonopsis schumardi 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0
Molluscs - Cephalopods 28 0 28 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 5 3 2 Acleistoceras ? dilatatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acleistoceras casei 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acleistoceras eximium 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acleistoceras fischeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acleistoceras jonesi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acleistoceras nummulatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Alpenoceras ulrichi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Arkonoceras arkonense 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Brevicoceras conicum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Casteroceras alternatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Centroceras (=Michelinoceras?) ohioense 10 1 10000000 0000000 00 0 Centroceras marcellense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyrtoceras cretaceum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyrtoceras metula 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyrtoceratites ohioensis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyrtospyroceras (Cyrtoceras) morsum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Diademoceras palmeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Diagonoceras aptum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Discites ammonis 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Discites inopinatus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolorthoceras exile 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Exocyrtoceras reimanni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fusicoceras eriense 00 0 10000000 0000000 10 0 Geisonoceras subulatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Goldringia trivolvis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gomphoceras sp. 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Gomphoceras amphora (=Poterioceras amphora?) 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0
281 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1001000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1000100000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5223020000000025010 1505 2 31314 81211 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000001000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000001000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000001000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
282 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 41 28 15 41 0 8 33 0 2 11 17 13 23 25 0 5 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
283 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
0 6 0153000011010134400 239333 113220 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 1 0 0 1000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000010000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 00100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 1 0000011000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
284 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000
285 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Gomphoceras crenatum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gomphoceras eximium 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gomphoceras gomphus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gomphoceras hyatti 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gomphoceras impar 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gomphoceras mitra 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gomphoceras pingue 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Gomphoceras plenum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gomphoceras sciotoense 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gomphoceras turbiniforme 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Gyroceras sp. 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Gyroceras columbiense 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gyroceras cyclops 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gyroceras seminodosum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gyroceratites inelegans 10 1 10000000 0000000 00 0 Gyroceratites ohioensis 10 1 10000000 0000000 00 0 Halloceras undulatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heracloceras ? inelegans 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Kionoceras profundum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lyrioceras dubium 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lyrioceras hindshawi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lyrioceras liratum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Michelinoceras ? molestum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Michelinoceras ? swarthi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Michelinoceras ? uniconstrictum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Michelinoceras ? viator 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Michelinoceras anguliferum alpenense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Michelinoceras noveboracense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Michelinoceras? constrictum 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Micronoceras gibbosum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nephriticeras sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nephriticeras bucinum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nephriticeras alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nephriticeras metula 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ormoceras jaculum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthoceras sp. 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Orthoceras sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthoceras sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthoceras sp. 00 0 00000001 0000000 00 0 Orthoceras sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Orthoceras sp. B 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Orthoceras sp. C 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Orthoceras dagon 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthoceras sirpus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0
286 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000001000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0000 0 0000000001000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
287 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
288 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 1000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 1000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000001100 0 0 010110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
289 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
290 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Orthoceras winchelli 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ovoceras (Gomphoceras) oviforme 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Ovoceras constrictum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Palmeroceras fustis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Poteriocerina solida 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Protokionoceras sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Protokionoceras marcellense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sceptrites carteri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sceptrites sceptrum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Spyroceras crotalum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Spyroceras nuntium 10 1 00000000 0000000 10 0 Spyroceras (Orthoceras) thoas 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Spyroceras geneva 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Striacoceras kionoceroides 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Striacoceras typum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tetranodoceras transversum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trematoceras ohioense 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Verticoceras conradi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Verticoceras erectum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bactrites arkonensis 00 0 0000000? 0000000 01 0 Bactrites clavus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Agoniatites floweri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Agoniatites intermedius 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Agoniatites nodiferus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Agoniatites unilobatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Agoniatites vanuxemi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cabrieroceras crispiforme plebeiforme 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Foordites sp. 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Foordites sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Latanarcestes staufferi 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Maenioceras sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Parodiceras discoideum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tornoceras arkonensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tornoceras mesopleuron 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tornoceras uniangulare 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0
Molluscs - Rostroconchs 3 0 3 2 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 Conocardium sp. 00 0 10010100 0000000 00 0 Conocardium sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Conocardium normale 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Conocardium ohioense 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Conocardium subtrigonale 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hippocardium cuneus 10 1 10000000 1000001 10 0
291 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 00?0 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
1000011000000000001 200 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 1000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
292 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000011010010 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
1 100000000 211133230200 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110100 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
293 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000001100 1 0 001010 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000010101100 1 0 000010 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000010000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000011100 0 0 010110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110
0 1 1 1 1000010100000000 1 2 100110 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 1000010100000000 1 0 000000
294 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
000 000 000 000 000 000 000
295 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Other 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Coleolus crenatocinctum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Coleolus tenuicinctus 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Coleolus undulata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Conularia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Conularia undulata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Desmograptus cadens 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dictyonema hamiltoniae 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hyolithes aclis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
Dacryoconarids 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 Costulatostyliolina sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nowakia halihanensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Striatostyliolina sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Styliolina fissurella 00 0 00000001 0000000 01 0 Viriatellina sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Viriatellina gracilistriata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tentaculites sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tentaculites bellulus 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Tentaculites scalariformis 11 1 10100000 1000000 00 0
Trilobites 13 0 13 4 0 0 2 0 2 0 1 18 1 0 1 1 1 1 4 1 2 Acanthopyge (=Euarges) contusus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Acidaspis sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Anchiopsis (Chasmops) anchiops 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Ancyropyge romingeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Basidechenella canaliculata 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Basidechenella clara 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Basidechenella eriensis 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Basidechenella lucasensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Basidechenella macrocephala 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Basidechenella nodosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Basidechenella pulchra 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Basidechenella rowii 00 0 10010100 0000000 10 1 Basidechenella rowii sanduskiensis 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Basidechenella tumida 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bellacartwrightia phyllocaudata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ceratolichas gryps 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Coronura aspectans 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Coronura denticulata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Coronura helena 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Crassiproetus crassimarginatus 10 1 00000000 1000000 10 0 Crassiproetus microgranulatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Crassiproetus traversensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
296 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 1001 1 00000000000000302 1 2 2 0 3 4 4 1001 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
1121 2 1000000000000 304 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 0000 0 0000000000000 001 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 00?0 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 101 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 001 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 1000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0111 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1000 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4153 6 1100005040373 2600 1 0 1 1 2 3 3 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
297 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 4 40 0 0 0 0 100031330030 0 1 4 1 5 5 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
2 10 0 0 1 0 111131330140 0 2 4 2 4 4 0 2 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000010110010 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 00 0 0 1 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 6 200 0000009 1112 830203233141 0 1 4 9 4 10 10 1 3 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
298 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 1 0 1 0000000000011100 1 2 120251 0 1 0 1 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000010000 0 0 010110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000001100 0 0 010110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110
0 2 1 2 1100000111131200 1 2 210240 0 0 0 0 0000000000010000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000010000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000011111100 1 0 000010 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000100 0 0 010110 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 1100000100000000 0 1 000000
1 7 1180000222000000001 231 320682 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000111000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
299 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 001 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000
000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
300 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Crassiproetus sibleyensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyphaspis sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyrtodechenella planimarginata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyrtodechenella welleri 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Dechenella alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dechenella angustifrons 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dechenella haldemani 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dechenella microgemma 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Dechenella valentini 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dechenella verneuli? 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dipleura dekayi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Echinolichas eriopis 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Echinolichas lucasensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eldredgeops rana 00 0 10010101 0101111 11 1 Eldredgops milleri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Greenops barberi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Greenops boothi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Greenops chilmanae 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Greenops traversensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Monodechenella halli 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Monodechenella macrocephala 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Mystrocephala rara 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mystrocephala varicella 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Odontocephalus aegeria 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Odontocephalus bifidus 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Odontocephalus humboltensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Odontocephalus magnus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Odontocephalus selenurus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Otarion craspidota 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Otarion ornata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Phacops cristata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Phacops cristata bombifrons 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Phacops cristata nasutus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Phacops cristata pipa 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Phacops ohioensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Proetus' folliceps 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 'Proetus' stenopyge 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Terataspis grandis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trypaulites (=Chasmops) calypso 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Trypaulites (=Chasmops) erinus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trypaulites (=Chasmops) macrops 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
Stromatoporoids & Sponges 6 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 Stromatopora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
301 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1100000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0111 0 0000001010111 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0010 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3101 0 1000010150000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
302 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000001100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 00 0 0 0 0 000077280100 0 3 0 3 3 3 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
303 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 0 0 1 0000111000000001 0 0 010000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
0 3 1 7 1000000000000000 1 7 000231 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
304 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
000 000
305 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Stromatopora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Amphipora ramosa 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Anostylostroma columnare 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Anostylostroma hamiltonense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Coenostroma pustulifera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Clathrodictyon latum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Clathrodictyon ponderosa 10 1 10000000 0000000 00 0 Clathrodictyon retiforme 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Clathrodictyon undulatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dictyonema leroyensis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Stictostroma huronense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Stromatoporella granulata 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 'Stromatopora' nodulata 10 1 00000000 0000000 10 0 'Stromatopora' sub-striatella 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Syringostroma columnaris 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Syringostroma densa 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0
Corals - Rugose 26 1 27 6 0 0 5 0 5 0 0 92 2 0 2 0 2 31 7 1 19 Acerularia davidsoni 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Acinophyllum davisi 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Acinophyllum mclareni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acinophyllum segregatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acinophyllum stramineum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acrophyllum sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Acrophyllum clarki 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Acrophyllum conigerum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Acrophyllum ellipticum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Acrophyllum oneidaense 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Acrophyllum rugosum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Amplexiphyllum ? simplex 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Amplexiphyllum cruciforme 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Amplexiphyllum hamiltonae 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Amplexiphyllum tenue 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Anostylostroma columnare 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Asterobillingsa magdisca 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Asterobillingsa steorra 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atelophyllum magnum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atelophyllum subcylindricum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulacophyllum sp. 00 0 00000000 0000010 00 0 Aulacophyllum alpenense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulacophyllum convergens 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulacophyllum hemicrassum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Aulacophyllum mutabile 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Aulacophyllum perlamellosum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0
306 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000010100000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10899 7 100011951018120 3780 1 0 1 106 610 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
307 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 8 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 10 0 6 18 8 5 58 101 121 129 1 7 1 0 33 23 15 52 31 58 4 7 0 00 0 0 1 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
308 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 1000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
3141524030231200000000 141153 0 2182811 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 01000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
309 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
004 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
310 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Aulacophyllum pinnatum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Aulacophyllum sulcatum 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Aulacophylum scyphus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Australophyllum sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bethanyphyllum sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bethanyphyllum arctifossa 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Bethanyphyllum bellense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bethanyphyllum depressum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Bethanyphyllum geniculatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bethanyphyllum pocillum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Bethanyphyllum prateriforme 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Bethanyphyllum robustum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Bethanyphyllum validum 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Bethanyphyllum vesiculatum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Billingsastrea ingens 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Billingsastrea longcarinatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Billingsastraea pauciseptata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Billingsastrea rockportensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Billingsastrea romingeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Billingsastrea yandelli 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Blothrophyllum bellicintum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Blothrophyllum (=Cyathophyllum?)conatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Blothrophyllum decorticatum 00 0 00000000 1000001 00 0 Blothrophyllum greeni 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Blothrophyllum romingeri 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Blothrophyllum sinuosum (=cinctutum, promissum) 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 1 Blothrophyllum tripinatum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Blothrophyllum trisulcatum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Blothrophyllum zaphrentiforme 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Bordenia knappi (=Zaphrentis deformis) 00 0 00000000 0101000 00 0 Breviphrentis yandelli 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Buchanophyllum (=Cystiphyllum) ohioense 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cayugaea intermittens 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cayugaea subcylindrica 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cayugaea ? transitorius 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Chostophyllum sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 cf. Chlamydophyllum sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cladionophyllum cicatriciferum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Coelophyllum romingeri 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Compressiphyllum davisana (=Zaphrentis compressa) 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Craterophyllum (=Chonophyllum) magnificum 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Craterophyllum ? latiradium 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Craterophyllum adnascens 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Cyathocylindrium gemmatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
311 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0111 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000100000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 ? 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
312 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
313 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
314 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
315 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Cyathocylindrium opulens 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cylindrophyllum compactum (=Heliophyllum gemmatum) 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cylindrophyllum deerarium 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cylindrophyllum delicatulum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cylindrophyllum elongatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cylindrophyllum magnum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cylindrophyllum propinquum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides aggregatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides alpenense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides americanum (=varians) 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Cystiphylloides americanum bellense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides conifollis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides crassatum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Cystiphylloides hispidum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides indundibuliformis 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides nanum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides phacelliforme 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides plicatum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides pustulatum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides quadrangulare 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides robustum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides sulcatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cystiphylloides tenuiradium 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cystiphyllum sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cystiphyllum vesiculosum 10 1 10010100 0000000 10 1 Depasophyllum adnetum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Diphyphyllum' stramineum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Diplochone greeni 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Disphyllum sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Disphyllum coharens 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Disphyllum stummi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Disphyllum synaptophylloides 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Edaphophyllum bifurcatum (=Cystiphyllum sulcatum) 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Edaphophyllum bipartitum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Edaphophyllum ? laciniatum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Eridophyllum apertum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Eridophyllum archiaci 10 1 10000000 0000001 00 1 Eridophyllum aulodokum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridophyllum coagulatum 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Eridophyllum conjunctum (=colligatum) 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Eridophyllum corniculum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridophyllum gigas 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridophyllum magniventrum 00 0 10010100 0000000 00 0 Eridophyllum michiganense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
316 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000100000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1111 0 0000000000010 110 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000001110000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 1 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
317 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 1 0 000010110000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
318 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 1010110000000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 1 1000010000000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
319 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
320 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Eridophyllum seriale 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 1 Eridophyllum subcaespitosum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Eridophyllum subseriale 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridophyllum tumidulum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Grewgiphyllum colligatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Guerichiphyllum cf. echoense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hadrophyllum d'orbignyi 10 1 10010100 0101000 00 0 Hadrophyllum nettelrothi 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Hallia ? strigata 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Heliophyllum sp. 01 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum agassizi 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heliophyllum alternatum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Heliophyllum arachne 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Heliophyllum bathycalyx 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum coalitum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum confluens 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Heliophyllum degener 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Heliophyllum denticulatum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heliophyllum elongatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum ethelanum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum ferronense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum gurleyi 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Heliophyllum halli 10 1 10010100 1000001 10 1 Heliophyllum halli bellense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum incrassatum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heliophyllum infundibulum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Heliophyllum insigne 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Heliophyllum juvene 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum latericrescens 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heliophyllum microcarinatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum monticulum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum obconicum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum proliferum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum reflexum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Heliophyllum rhopaliseptatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heliophyllum scyphus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Heliophyllum tenuiseptatum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Heliophyllum venatum 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heliophyllum verticale 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heterophrentis sp. 00 0 10010100 0000010 00 0 Heterophrentis ampla 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hetereophrentis annulata 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Hetereophrentis cyathiformis 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heterophrentis complanata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
321 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 ? 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1011 1 0000000000010 110 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
322 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011111100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 1 1 111111110100 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
323 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 1010000100000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 1 0 1 1010111100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
324 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
325 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Heterophrentis ferronensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hetereophrentis ovalis 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Hetereophrentis rafinesqi 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heterophrentis ? nitida 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heterophrentis concava 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Heterophrentis duplicata 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heterophrentis foliata 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Heterophrentis ferronensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heterophrentis inflata (=prolifica, spissa) 10 1 00000000 1000000 01 1 Heterophrentis irregularis 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heterophrentis gregaria 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heterophrentis simplex 00 0 00000000 0000001 10 1 Heterophrentis subcompressa 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Heterophrentis trisutra 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Hexagonaria sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hexagonaria bellis 10 1 00000000 1000000 10 0 Hexagonaria borealis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hexagonaria cincta 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Hexagonaria curta 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Hexagonaria partita 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Hexagonaria ponderosa 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Hexagonaria tabulata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hexagonaria tabulata convexa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hexagonaria truncata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Homalophyllum (Streptelasma?) ungulum 10 1 00000000 1000000 10 0 Homolophyllum fusiformis 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Homolophyllum herzeri 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Iowaphyllum alpenense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Kionelasma coarcticum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Kionelasma conspicuum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Kionelasma mammiferum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Lekanophyllum sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lythophyllum alpenense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Microcyclus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Microcyclus alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 "Microplasma" n. sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Naos ovatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Naos ponderosus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Odontophyllum convergens 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Odontophyllum patellatum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Odontophyllum tornatum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Phymatophyllum multiplicatum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Phymatophyllum nanum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Pinnatophyllum dundeense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
326 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000100000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0111 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000011001000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1000100000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
327 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
328 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
329 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
330 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Prismatophyllum (Hexagonaria?) cf. anna 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Prismatophyllum conjunctum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Prismatophyllum davidsoni 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Prismatophyllum ovoideum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Prismatophyllum prisma 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Prismatophyllum truncata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Scenophyllum ? coniferum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Scenophyllum conigerum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Schlotheimophyllum typicum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Siphonophrentis elongata (=gigantea) 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Siphonophrentis halli 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Siphonophrentis planima 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Siphonophrentis yandelli 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Skoliophyllum squamosum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Spongiphylum romingeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Stauromatidium trigemma 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Stereolasma bethae 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Stereolasma ? exile 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Stereolasma gallicolor 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Stereolasma rectum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 1 Stereolasma parvulum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Stringophyllum? sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Strombodes alpinensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Stylastrea anna 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Synaptophyllum arundinaceum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Synaptophyllum kladion 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Synaptophyllum stramineum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Synaptophyllum tabulatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tabulophyllum conatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tabulophyllum curtum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tabulophyllum elongatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tabulophyllum traversense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Tortophyllum cysticum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Zonophyllum lucasense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Zaphrentis' aequus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 'Zaphrentis' amplexiformis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 'Zaphrentis' edwardsi 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Zaphrentis phrygia (Heliophylloides corniculum) 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 'Zaphrentis' wortheni 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0
Corals - Tabulate 15 0 15 5 0 0 4 1 4 1 1 59 1 0 1 4 3 25 12 5 18 Alveolites sp. 00 0 10010100 0000000 00 0 Alveolites asperus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Alveolites constans 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0
331 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000100000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0??0 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
781751 10000111616419257 2520 0 1 1 7 7 9 8 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
332 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 1 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 10 0 0 0 2 0 7 6 9 4 33 68 75 81 1 5 1 0 27 26 11 44 31 47 9 6 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
333 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 1 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
4 7 17402020121200001100 10712 2 020298 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
334 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
002 000 000 000
335 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Alveolites expatiatus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Alveolites goldfussi 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 1 Alveolites minimus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Alveolites monroei 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Alveolites mordax 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Alveolites squamosus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Alveolites winchellia 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Antholites bridghami 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis ? incrustans 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Aulocystis ? procumbens 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Aulocystis alectiformis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis alectifomis dubia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis alectiformis reptata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis auloporidea 00 0 00000000 0000011 01 0 Aulocystis commensalis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis cooperi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis crassimurata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocyctis fenestrata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis fenestrata problematica 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis intermedia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Aulocystis cf. jacksoni 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Aulocystis lucasensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis magnispina 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis multicystosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis nobilis 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 1 Aulocystis stummi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulocystis transitorius 00 0 00000000 0000101 00 0 Aulopora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Aulopora conferta 00 0 10011110 0000000 00 0 Aulopora edithana 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Aulopora ehlersi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulopora gregaria 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulopora microbuccinata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulopora schohariae 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulopora serpens 00 0 10000000 0101000 01 0 Aulopora tubaeformis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Aulopora tubiporoides 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Canina tabulata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Caunopora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Chonostegites (Syringopora) tabulata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Chonostegites clappi 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cladopora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Cladopora alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
336 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000001000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000010000 000 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000110000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
337 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 1 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000010 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000001100 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
338 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000001100 0 0 010110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 1 0000011000000000 0 0 010000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
339 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
340 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Cladopora acupicta 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cladopora bifurca 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cladopora canadensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Cladopora crassa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cladopora fisheri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Cladopora ? gracilis 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cladopora gulielmi 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Cladopora imbricata 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cladopora lucasensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cladopora minuitissima 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cladopora pulchra 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cladopora robusta 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Cladopora roemeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Cladopora tela 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Coenites sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Coenites roemeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Coenites tela 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Drymopora erecta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Drymopora fascicularis 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Drymopora nobilis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Emmonsia alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Emmonsia amplissima 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Emmonsia (Favosites) arbuscula 00 0 00000000 0000001 10 1 Emmonsia (Favosites) arbuscula bethaniensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Emmonsia bacula 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Emmonsia convexa 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Emmonsia cymosa 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Emmonsia emmonsi 10 1 10010100 1000000 00 0 Emmonsia epidermata 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Emmonsia eximia 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Emmonsia (Favosites) radiciformis 10 1 00000000 1000000 10 1 Emmonsia ramosa 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Emmonsia tuberosa 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 1 Favosites alpenensis bellensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites alpenensis calveri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites alpenesis hindshawi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites alpenensis kellyi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites alpenensis killianensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites alpenensis peninsulae 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites alpenensis tenuimuralis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites arbor 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites argus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1
341 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001110100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 1000010000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0??0 0 0000000001100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000011100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000100000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000110000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000001100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
342 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000010110000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 1 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
343 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 1010000100000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 1 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110
344 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
345 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Favosites basaltica 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites billingsi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites biloculi 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites clausus 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Favosites clelandi 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites digitatus 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Favosites goldfussi 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites goodwini 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Favosites gracilia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites halli 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites hamiltoniae 00 0 00000000 0000001 10 1 Favosites heliolitiformis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites hemisphericus (=turbinatus) 10 1 10010100 1000001 10 1 Favosites hemisphericus lucasensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites impeditus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites limitaris 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites mammilatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites maximus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites milne-edwardsi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites aff. mundis 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites nitellus 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 1 Favosites patellus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites pirum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites placentus 00 0 00000000 0000011 10 1 Favosites pleurodictyoides 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites polymorphus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites proximatus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites quercus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites radiatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites ramulosus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Favosites reticularis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites romingeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites rotundituba 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Favosites valentini 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Favosites wartheni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lecfedites canadensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pachyphragma concentricum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pachyphragma cylindricum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Planalveolititella parasitica 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platyaxum fischeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platyaxum foliatum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Platyaxum frondosum 10 1 00000000 0000001 10 1 Platyaxum orthsoleniskum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Platyaxum undosum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0
346 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001110110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0101 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1111 1 0000000000100 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0??0 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0??1 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
347 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110100 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
348 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 1 1010110100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 1 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
349 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
350 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Pleurodictyum (Procteria) cornu 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Pleurodictyum (Procteria) michelinoidea 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Pleurodictyum (Procteria) papillosa 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Pleurodictyum (Procteria) spiculata 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Pleurodictyum (Pleurodictyum) americanum (=stylopora) 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Pleurodictyum (Pleurodictyum) cylindricum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Pleurodictyum (Pleurodictyum) convexum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pleurodictyum (Pleurodictyum) insigne 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 1 Pleurodictyum (Pleurodictyum) maximum 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Pleurodictyum (Pleurodictyum) planum 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Pleurodictyum (Pleurodictyum) wardi 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Pleurodictyum ? dividua 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Romingeria sp. 00 0 00000000 0000101 00 0 Romingeria commutata 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Romingeria cornuta 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Romingeria fasciculata 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Romingeria umbellifera 00 0 00000000 1000000 10 0 Romingeria uva 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Striatopora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 1 Striatopora alba 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Striatopora bellistriata 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Striatopora cavernosa 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Striatopora intermittens 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Striatopora cf. iowensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Striatopora linneana 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Striatopora rugosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Syringopora hisingerii 10 1 00000000 1000000 10 0 Syringopora intermedia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Syringopora laxata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Syringopora perelegans 00 0 00000001 1000000 01 0 Thamnopora limitaris 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Trachypora alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trachypora alternans (=Dendropora osculata) 00 0 00000000 0000011 00 0 Trachypora elegantula 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 1 Trachypora labyrintheca 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trachypora limbata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Trachypora lineata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trachypora minuitissima 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trachypora cf. ornata (=romingeria) 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trachypora proboscidialis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trachypora ? projecta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trachypora silicensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trachypora? reticulata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trachypora rockportensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
351 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0010 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0?00 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0??0 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000111 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000111 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000100000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
352 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 111111110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
353 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
354 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
355 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Trachypora tuberculata 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Trachypora vermiculata (=Dendropora neglecta) 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Trachypora vermiculosa 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0
Echinoderms - Crinoids 7 0 7 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 0 3 11 1 5 Ancanthocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acanthocrinus spinosus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ancyrocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Ancyrocrinus bulbosus 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Arachnocrinus bulbosus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Arachnocrinus extensus 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Arachnocrinus ignatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Arthroacantha cf. carpenteri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atractocrinus curtus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atelestocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bactrocrinites reimanni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bactrocrinites onondagaensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Botryocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Botryocrinus reimani 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Clarkeocrinus troosti 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Comanthocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Corocrinus nodosus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Corynecrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Craterocrinus schoharie 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cunctocrinus fortunatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyttarocrinus eriensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyttarocrinus jewetti 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Decadocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Decadocrinus hughwingi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Decadocrinus stewarti 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Decadocrinus wrightae silicaensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Deltacrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 1000000 10 0 Deltacrinus clarus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 1 Dolatocrinus amplus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus asterias 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus bathaniensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus bulbaceous 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus caelatus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus canadensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Dolatocrinus costatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus glyptus 10 1 10000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus greenei 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus incisus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
356 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
111750 00000050009131 2200 1 0 1 0 3 3 3 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
357 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
5 4 14 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 0 26 14 28 32 0 3 1 0 3 15 19 17 31 32 1 3 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 001011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
358 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
1 1 0452000000200000000 6262 0 119311 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 001011 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 00000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 1000000100000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
359 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000
000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
360 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Dolatocrinus lacus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus liratus 10 1 10000000 0000001 00 0 Dolatocrinus major 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus michiganensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus ornatus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus stellifer 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus tridactylus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dolatocrinus venustus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Euryocrinus ? laddii 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eutaxocrinus whiteavesi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eutaxocrinus wideneri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gennaeocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Gennaeocrinus chilmanae 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gennaeocrinus eucharis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gennaeocrinus goldringae 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gennaeocrinus variabilis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gilbertsocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gilbertsocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Gilbertsocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gilbertsocrinus alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gilbertsocrinus cf. greeni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Gilbertsocrinus ohioensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Halysiocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Halysiocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Halysiocrinus barrisi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Halysiocrinus carinatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Halysiocrinus secundus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Haplocrinites clio 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Platyhexacrinites sp. 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Platyhexacrinites sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Hexacrinites leai 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Kolpidocrinus eriensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Kopficrinus pustuliferus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Kophinocrinus magrumi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Logocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Logocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Logocrinus brandoni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Logocrinus conicus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Logocrinus geniculatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Megistocrinus depressus ?0 0 00000000 0000001 11 1 Megistocrinus expansus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Megistocrinus nodosus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Megistocrinus ontario 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Megistocrinus regularis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
361 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000110 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
362 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110100 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000010 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
363 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 1000000100000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 1 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
364 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
365 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Megistocrinus rugosus ?0 0 00000000 0000000 10 1 Megistrocrinus sphaeralis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Megistocrinus spinulosus ?0 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Melocrinites michiganensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Melocrinus sp. 00 0 00000001 0000000 00 0 Melocrinus breviradiatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mictocrinus americanus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mictocrinus levis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Mictocrinus robusutus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Opsiocrinus mariae 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Proctothylacocrinus esseri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Proctothylacocrinus longus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Schultizicrinus typus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Synbathocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 1000000 10 0 Synbathocrinus sp. 000 Synbathocrinus michiganensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Vasocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0
Echinoderms - Blastoids 2 0 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 Brachyschisma corrugatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Brachyschisma subcrassum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Brachyschisma subumbrosum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Devonoblastus leda 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Elaeocrinus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Elaeocrinus cf. elegans 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Elaeocrinus venustus 00 0 10010100 0000000 00 0 Elaeocrinus verneuili 10 1 00000000 1000000 00 0 Eleutherocrinus cassedyi 00 0 00000000 0000001 00 0 Heteroschisma sp. 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Heteroschisma sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Heteroschisma sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hereoschisma canadensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heteroschima pyramidatus 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hyperoblastus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hyperoblastus reimanni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentremitidea arrecta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentremitidea bellatula 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentrimitidea clavatiformis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentrimitidea cooperi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentrimitidea filosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentremitidea ovalis michiganense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentremitidea preciosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pentremitidea whitei 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Placoblastus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0
366 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 ?00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1020 1 0000002020103 400 0 0 0 0 1 3 2 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000100 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000001 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
367 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 33 0 00000 010063670100 1 2 7 3 8 8 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 010011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1
368 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000011 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
0 1 0100000000000000000 0 7 100680 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110
369 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
370 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout
Echinoderms - Edrioasteroids 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Edriocrinus pyriformis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hemicystites devonicus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lepidodiscus alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Rhenopyrgus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Timeischytes megapinacotus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
Bryozoans 18 2 19 12 0 2 6 2 6 0 5 1 1 0 1 5 0 0 14 19 4 Acanthoclema sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Acanthoclema lineatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acanthoclema ohioensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Acanthoclema sulcatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Allonema sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Anomalotoechus aff. monticula 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Anomalotoechus tenera 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Anomalotoechus tuberatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Anomalotoechus typicus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ascodictyon fusiforme 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Ascodictyon stellatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Atactotoechus sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Atactotoechus cf. typicus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Bactropora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Botryllopora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Botryllopora socialis 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Ceramella casei 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Chondraulos granosus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Clonopora fasciculata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Coscinium striatum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyclopora ? lunata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyphotrypa ? maculosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyphotrypa unica 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Cyphotrypa traversensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Dendropora elegantula 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Discotrypa vera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eliasopora stellatum 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eostenopora ? villosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eostenopora compressa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eostenopora picta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eostenopora tenuimurialis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridocampylus ? laxatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridocampylus anceps 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridocampylus multitabulatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridocampylus obliquus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
371 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan
0000 0 0000000020010 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000010 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
473591 000000350640000 900 0 0 0 105 5 5 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
372 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared
0 00 0 0 0 0 000020220000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 6 18 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 26 20 10 27 0 13 0 0 5 36 28 39 59 62 2 5 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
373 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del.
0 0 0 3 0000000000000000 0 2 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
0 4 01174110110100000000 2258 0 040580 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 00000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
374 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav
000 000 000 000 000 000
000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
375 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Eridocampylus ulrichi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridotrypella appreassa 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Eridotrypella brevis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridotrypella granosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridotrypella minuta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridotrypella obliqua 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Eridotrypella ? simplex 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridotrypella spinifera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Eridotrypella valida 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fenestella sp. 00 0 00011100 0000000 00 0 Fenestella sp. 00 0 00000001 0000100 00 0 Fenestella angustata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fenestella arkonensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Fenestella biseriata 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Fenestella emaciata 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Fenestella erectipora 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fenestella parallela 10 1 10100000 0000000 00 0 Fenestella planiramosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fenestella polypora distans 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fenestella polypora propria 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fenestella sinuosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fenestella verrucosa 00 0 00000000 0101000 00 0 Fenestrapora biperforata 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Fenestrellina sp. 00 0 00000000 1000000 00 0 Fenestrellina sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Fenestrellina sp. B 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 1 Fenestrellina sp. C 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 1 Fenestrellina incisa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fenestrellina megalopora 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fenestrellina rockportensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fistulipora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Fistulipora corrugata? 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Fistulipora spinulifera 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Fistulipora substellata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Fistulipora vesiculata 00 0 10010100 0000000 00 0 Hederella sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Hederella adnata 00 0 00000000 0000100 00 0 Hederella alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella bilineata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella canadensis 00 0 00000001 0000100 01 0 Hederella cirrhosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Hederella concinnoides 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella cornucopia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
376 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
377 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 100011110100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000001110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
378 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 1100000100000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
379 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
380 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Hederella delicatula 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella filiformis 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Hederella magna 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella michganensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella nicholsoni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella parvirugosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella rectifurcata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella reimanni 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella robusta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella romingeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella thedfordensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hederella vagans 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Helopora inexpectata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hernodia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hernodia ? cooperi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Hernodia cornucopia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Heteronema monroei 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Intrapora acanthopora 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Intrapora irregularis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Isotrypa megista 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Isotrypa oxytropsis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptotrypa ? spinifera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptotrypella sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptotrypella aequibilis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptotrypella gemmata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptotrypella magninodosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptotrypella ohioensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptotrypella pellucida 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptotrypella undans 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Leptotrypella varia 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lichenalia sp. 10 1 00000000 0000100 00 0 Lichenalia sp. 00 0 10010100 0000000 00 0 Lichenalia sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Lioclema sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lioclema alpenense 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Lioclema minutissimum 00 0 00000000 0000000 01 0 Lioclema multiculeatum 00 0 00000001 0000000 00 0 Loculipora sp. 00 0 10010100 0000000 00 0 Loculipora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Microcampylus ? tenuis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Microcampylus angularis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Microcampylus multitabulatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Microcampylus ovatus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Microcampylus traversensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
381 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0010 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0100 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
382 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
383 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 1 0 000001 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
384 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
385 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Microcampylus typicus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Monotrypa sp. 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Monotrypa sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 1 Monotrypa tenuis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Monotrypella sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nemataxis sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Nemataxis fibrosis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Onychocheilus nitidulus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthopora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Orthopora bipinulata 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Orthopora regularis 01 1 10000000 0000000 00 0 Palaeschara sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Palaeschara radiata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Penniretepora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Penniretepora cf. irregularis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Pinacotrypa sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora allelomorpha 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora ambiplana 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora amorpha 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora brevissima 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora carinella 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora celcipora 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora celcipora minima 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora cylindracea 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora finitima 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora flabelliformis 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora indentata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora labellosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora magnifica 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora minuta 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora pyrimidata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora robusta 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora simplex 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Polypora tenuosa 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Prismopora triquetra 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Reptaria stolonifera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Retiporina sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Reteporina sp. A 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 1 Reteporina (Rhombopora?) rhombifera 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Reteporina striata 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Rhombopora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Semicoscinium sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Semicoscinium bi-imbricatum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Semicoscinium granulifera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0
386 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
387 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
388 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 1000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 1 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000
389 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
390 Stauffer 1910 Stauffer Stumm
lower 'Trav.' Col. Del. Del LC + 'Aulop upper M Olent. Spds + Silver (NC Plum Col Strat. (+Strat.) (tot) Dub. (Dub.+) Hd b bed' Del Zone (C OH) Jeff. Spds Dep. Dep Creek Swan. Bch OH) Brook Prout Semicoscinium semi-rotundum 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Semiopora ? ehlersi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Stenoporella devonica 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Stereotoechus cf. typicus 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Stictopora sp. 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0 Stictoporina granulifera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Stictoporina plumea 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Stigmatella alpenensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Stigmatella hybrida 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Streblotrypa sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Streblotrypa anomala 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Streblotrypa hamiltonensis 00 0 00000000 0000000 11 0 Sulcoretepora sp. 00 0 00000001 0000000 00 0 Sulcoretepora alterna 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sulcoretepora bifidiplicata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sulcoretepora deissi 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sulcoretepora gilberti 11 1 10011100 0000000 10 0 Sulcoretepora incisurata 00 0 00000000 0000000 11 0 Sulcoretepora obliqua 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Sulcoretepora ovatipora 00 0 10000000 0000000 00 0 Sulcoretepora ramifera 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Taeniopora exigua 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Thamnotrypa divaricata 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trachytoechus romingeri 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trematella sp. 00 0 00000001 0000000 00 0 Trematella arborea 00 0 10010100 0000000 00 0 Trematopora sp. 00 0 10100000 0000000 00 0 Trematopora sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Trematoporella sp 00 0 00000000 0000000 10 0 Unitrypa sp. 00 0 00000000 0000000 00 0 Unitrypa lata 10 1 10000000 0000000 00 0 Unitrypa tegulata 10 1 00000000 0000000 00 0
391 Stauffer Chilman, Stumm Ehlers & Kesling
Oatka Dund Silica Silica 10- Dund Rog C RC RC RC RC Unit RC Unit Stn Hol. - Stn Hol - Ck / Mt Cardiff- (NW OH 1-6 7-29 Mile (Mich) (tot) Eman Atrypa Gypid 5 6 Bell RQ FP-GS NC AL FM NP Onon. Sen. Bak. CSB Ch Val Ch Val HHB Marion Mott Skan 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0001 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0011 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000001010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0110 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 1 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0010 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0000 0 0000000000000 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000010000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0000000000000 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
392 1 2 3 NY Hamilton Ohio (HHB + Del - SE IN 'Hamilton' OC + C/M OH OH Col- Jeff- Col-Jef- Col + Spds/ Del + Del - 'Hamilton' (Olen + + Skan + OH OH IN + OH 'Ham' - 'Ham' - Ham Spillville Spillville Lake Miami Ono Col-Jeff Ono Ono Col + Col + Jeff + Jef + Dep Spd + ApB Marc (SC + Sw Plm Brk + Lud + 'Ham' + 'Ham' + + NY IN 'Ham' NY Ham Lud Mos (undif) FI1 FI2 Church Bend shared shared shared shared Ono Jeff Ono Ono share Dep Marc. shared + Bch) Prout) Mos) IN 'Ham' NY Ham Ham shared shared 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0? 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 10 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000010110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 01 0 0 0 0 000000000000 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 000011010000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
393 3 47799 Onon Onon Trav EESU Spd / Ham not EESU to (Silica + taxa not In Del / Del / Col / assoc. NY or Ham. 10Mi, lower upper Onon Onon carried Marc, Marc Jeff to w/ Col / OH EESU IN - OH - Bell + Col to Col to Del to Del to Del. to Del. to Onon to St Bak to St Hol NY Spd to EESU over to not in new NY Ham Onon / Ham not not NY Ham Dund Rog C GS + FP Col to lower upper upper OH OH NY Onon to NY Onon Hol- St Hol - ChV to Marc Jef to IN to Ham Ham Onon or taxa to not in Jeff or assoc. assoc. shared (total) (tot) + NC) Del. Del Del Del 'Ham' 'Ham.' Ham. to Del. Marc. to Bak ChV ChV Ham to Ham Spd 'Ham' EESU EESU Ham Ham Onon Del. w/ Del. w/ Del. 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 1 0 0 1010110000000000 1 0 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 1 0000000000000000 0 0 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 100000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 0 000110 0 0 0 0 1000000000000000 0 1 000000 0 0 0 0 0000000000000000 0 1 000000
=genus and species not carried over from Onon to Ham EESU = species lost, but genus carries over to Hamilton EESU = taxa identified only to genus, genus carries through to Hamilton EESU =OWR taxa =present in Marcellus = taxa identified only to genus, genus held over from prior EESU
394 10 10 11
Dundee to Rog Cty Dundee to Rog Cty to Trav Trav 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000
395