![Etkzzae-Bm-F-K-Zy-]-Cn-`M-Jm- Kw-{Klw](http://data.docslib.org/img/53fe6525c036662d79f5866483d41d09-1.webp)
EtKzZae-bm-f-K-Zy-]-cn-`m-jm-
kw-{Klw
tUm. F³.. hn. ]n. DWn-¯ncn EtKzZw am\hcminbpsS BZy kmlnXycN\Ifnsem¶mWsÃm! I]StZiobXbpsS Ime¯v EtKzZs¯ hnIehpw k¦pNnXhpambn ssIImcywsNbvXv kmwkvImcnIhmZ§fneqsS X§Ä¡\pIqeam¡n¯oÀ¡p¶ {]hWXIÄ kmwkvImcnItZiobhmZnIÄ \S¯ns¡mn cn¡pIbmWv. C´y³ ]mc¼cy¯nse _lpkzcaqey§Ä¡pthn \nesImffpIbpw Xsâ \nch[n cN\IfneqsS AXp aebmfn¡v ]cnNbs¸Sp¯pIbpw sNbvXn«pff kwkvIrX]WvUnX\mWv s{]m^. F³. hn. ]n. DWn¯ncn. C´y³]mc¼cys¯ GIinemßIam¡n¯oÀ¡p¶Xn\pff IpÕnX{]hÀ¯\§Ä AXnsâ ]mcay¯n \n¡p¶ Ime¯mWv DWn¯ncnamjv Xsâ amáw Hm¸kv F¶v hntijn¸n¡mhp¶ Hcp {KÙ¯nsâ cN\bpambn hopw aebmfnIÄ¡nSbnte¡v hcp¶Xv. kwL]cnhmc§Ä F¡me¯pw X§fpsS aqÀ¨tbdnb Bbp[ambn D]tbmKn¨n«pff EtKzZ¯nsâ P\Iob]cn`mjbmWv C¯hW amjv Xsâ cN\m{]]©¯nte¡pÄt¨À¡p¶Xv. EtKzZ¯n\pmbn«pff ap³]cn`mjIÄ AhbpsS t]mcmbvaIÄ, coXnimkv{X§Ä, Xsâ ]cn`mjbn kzoIcn¡p¶ coXnimkv{Xw, Imem\pkrXambn EtKzZt¯mSv kzoIcnt¡ \ne]mSv XpS§nb hnjb§fn DWn¯ncnamjv a\ÊpXpd¡p¶p. tNmZyw: \ap¡v \nehn EtKzZ¯nsâ \nch[n XÀÖaIÄ e`yamWtÃm. At¸mÄ Cu ]pXnb XÀÖabpsS {]kàn F´mWv? adp]Sn: EtKzZ¯n\v, _lpP\§fpsS I®n am{Xaà A¡mZanI kaql¯nsâ I®nÂ, s]mXpsh ]WvUnX·mcmsW¶v hnNmcn¡p¶hcpsS I®nsems¡¯s¶, Ct¸mgpw Hcp {_mÒW ]cnthjamWp ffXv. AXn AÛpXs¸Sm\nà ImcWw {_mÒWcmWnXv D]tbmKn¨ph-¶ncp¶Xv. ]t£ Ahcne[nIhpw AXnsâ AÀ°w a\Ênem¡nbncp¶nÃ. BfpIÄ ]s£ AsXm¶paà hnNmcn¡p¶Xv. {_mÒWcpsS \nXyss\an¯nIIÀ½§Ä¡v thZa{´§Ä ]eXpw D]tbmKn¡p¶pv. hnhml thfbn C¶pw sNmÃp¶ a{´§Ä EtKzZ¯nteXpXs¶bmWv. AXnsâ AÀ°sa´msW¶v C¶pw ]eÀ¡pw \nÝbanÃ. H. Fw. kn. \mcm-b-W³ \¼q-Xn-cn-¸m-Snsâ EtKzZ`mjm-`mjyw AjvSI§fmbmWv hn`Pn¨v XÀÖa sNbvXncn¡p¶Xv. Cu XÀP-abmWv aebmf¯n {][m\ambn«pffXv. AXv Ct¸mÄ In«m\nsöp tXm¶p-¶p. EtKzZXÀÖabpsS Hcp ]SnbmWv H.Fw.kn Xsâ ]cn`mjbneqsS \nÀh- ln¨ncn¡p¶Xv. At±lw \à AÀ°¯n bmYmØnXnI\mWv; Hm¯\mWv; AXmbXv EtKzZw apgph³ lrZnØam¡nb BfmWv. AÀ°sam¶pw A¶v At±lw ]Tn¨n«nÃ. At±l¯nsâ cN\ hensbmcp bXv\w Xs¶bmWv. At±lw A{X henb kwkvIrX ]WvUnXs\m¶p-am-bncp¶nsöp kzbw k½-Xn- ¡p-¶p-v. Hf¸a®a\bv¡emWv At±lw; henb [\nI\pw aäpsams¡bmWv, klrZb\mWv FÃmw icnXs¶. ]t£, At±lw ]qÀ®ambn Ahew_n¡p¶Xv kmbWsâ `mjys¯bmWv. H. Fw. kn Xsâ aqe-Ir-Xn-bpsS A\zbhpw AÀ°hpw kwkvIrX¯n \ÂIpw. AXnsâ kmam\yamb AÀ°w aebmf¯nepw sImSp-¡pw. CXn kwkvIrX¯nepff A\zbhpw AÀ°hpw kmbWsâXmWv. CXmWv At±l¯nsâ kXykÔXbpsS sXfnhv. aebmf¯nepff AÀ°hpw an¡hmdpw kmbWs\ B{ibn¨mWv. kmbWhymJym\w aebmf¯n Npcp¡n FgpXpIbmWv At±lw sNbvXXv. ]n¶oSv AXymhiyw Nne Iq«nt¨À¡epIÄ, AXmbXv C¶ `mK¯v C¶ tÇmIw IqSn, A\z-bn-¡m-sX, ChnsS sNmÃmdpv F¶pw aäpw. F´n\msW¶v, ]t£, X\n¡pXs¶ AdnbnÃ. AXv AXpt]mse FgpXnh¨n«pv. At±lw Xsâ IrXn¡p t]cn«Xpt]mepw `mjm`mjyw F¶mWv. kmbWsâ `mjyamWv thZ`mjyw. H³]Xmw \qämn C´ybnepmbncp¶ GI sslµh km{amPyambncp¶ _p¡þlcnlc·mcpsS hnPb\Kckm{amPy¯nse a{´nbmbncp¶p kmbW³. AXmbXv H¶mwXcw cmjv{Sob¡mc³. A¶v At±lw Xsâ [À½ambn Icp-Xn-bn-cp-¶Xv C¶s¯ BÀ. Fkv. FkpImÀ ]dbp¶Xpt]mse¯s¶bmWv ^e¯nÂ. ]t£ At±lw A¶s¯ \nebv¡pff H¶mw-In-S-bn-epÅ bÚsa¶Xv km[\§fpw aäpw F¯n¡pI XpS§n Ah-`r-Ykv\m\w (B-dm-«p-Ip-fn)-hsc Znh-k- §-tfmfw \op-\n¡p¶ P\IotbmÕhamWv. ]n¡me¯mWv AXv X\n NS§m¡n amän ¢mkn¡Â bÚ§Ä Fs¶ms¡ Ct¸mÄ ]dbp¶ coXnbnte¡v F¯nbXv. Cu \nebv¡ÃmsX ]s¯ bÚ§fn XymKw HcwiamWv; F¶ph¨m XyPn¡emWv, FÃmw sImSp¡emWv, AXv. “CZw \ aa’’ (CXv Ftâ-X-Ã) F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm-mWv Hmtcm Zm\-hpw. IqSmsX tZh-Xm-hÀW\§fpw kvXp-Xn- I-fp-amWv EtKz-Z-¯nsâ hen-sbmcp `mKw. C{µ³, Aán, hmbp, DjÊv XpS§nb hoc-\m-b-I-·mtcm {]Ir-Xn-{]-Xn-`m-k-§tfm BWv an¡ tZh-X-I-fpw. Dj-Êns\ -Hcp kpµcnbmbn hÀ®n¡pIbmWv. ImhykuµcyamWv \ap-¡-hnsS Bkz-Zn-¡m-hp-¶-Xv. DZn¨pbcp¶ {]`mXw ImWpt¼mgpff {]mNo\mcy·mcpsS B\-µ-amWv \mw At¸mÄ A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXpt]mse ]eXpw ImWmw. C{µ³ henb tbm²mhmWv. A§s\ t\m¡pt¼mÄ ssZhhpw a\pjy\pw X½nepff _Ôs¯¸än A¶s¯ BÄ¡mÀ¡v AYhm ]WvUnX·mÀ¡pff Hcp [mcWbmWv EtKzZ¯n {]Xn]mZn¨ncn¡p¶sX¶p ]d-bmw. ssZhhpw a\pjy\psams¡ “FtSm’’ Fs¶ms¡-bmWv ]e-t¸mgpw hnfn-¡p-¶-Xv. kplr¯v F¶ \nebv¡mWv. C{µ³ ChnsS h¶v bp²¯n\v klmbn¡pw; \½Ä¡v At§m«pw t]mIWw XpS§nbhsbms¡ ChnsS {]Xn]mZy§fmWv. IqSmsX ChcpsS aZy-]m\w, tkma]m\w, a[p]m\w F¶n-hsbÃmw hÀWn¡-s¸Sp¶pv. tkmaw Ct¸mÄ \½Ä ImWp¶ aZyaÃ. AXn\v am[pcyamWpffXv. ]s£ elcnbpv. F¶m IffÃ. C¶p ]dbp¶ Iffn\v /Nmcmb¯n\v ]Icw A¶v ]dªncp¶ t]cv “kpcm’’ F¶mWv. ku{XmaWn F¶ bmK¯nsâ Ahkc¯n kpc IpSn¡Ww F¶pw IpSn¨v At\ym\yw AÇoew ]dbWw F¶pw ImWp¶p. tNmZyw: EtKzZ¯nsâ aebmf]cn`mj F¶ {iaIcamb DZya¯nemWtÃm amjv; GXp \nebv¡pff ]cn`mjbmWv Dt±in¡p¶Xv? adp]Sn: EtKzZ¯nsâ aebmf KZy]cn`mjbmWv Dt±in¡p¶Xv. Ip«nIrjvWamcmcpw aäpw Ipamckw`hw, cLphwiw apX-em-b- Imfn-Zm-k-Ir-Xn-IÄ¡p sN.-bvX-Xp-t]m-se. A\zbw, aebmf¯nepff AÀ°w, AXymhiyw thnhcp¶ Ipdn¸pIÄ, ]ns¶ kmam\yw hnkvXcns¨mcp AhXmcnI F¶ \nebv¡mWv Dt±-in-¡p-¶-Xv. BsI-bpÅ ]¯p aWvU-e-§-fn Gähpw henbh H¶m-a-s¯bpw ]¯mas¯bp-amWv. 191 kqà-§Ä hoX-amWv Ah-bn-ep-Å-Xv. H¶mw aWvU-e-¯nse 191 kqà-§-fn a[p-Ñ- µkv sshizm-an-{Xsâ BZys¯ ]¯p- kqàw bÚm-ánsb hÀWn-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ kqà-¯n C{µ³ hr{X-h-[m-Zn-ho-c-IÀa-§-fm-Wv. ImWz- ta-[m-Xn-Yn-bpsS 12-þ23 kqà-§Ä hnhn-[-tZ-h-X-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. {_Ò-W-kv]-Xn, khn-Xm-hv, E`p-¡Ä XpS-§nb tZh-·m-sc-¸-än-bpÅ Cu kqà-§-fn an¡Xpw Kmb-{Xo-h-r¯- ¯n-em-Wv. B{]o-kq-à-§-sf¶ t]cn Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶hbpw hnhn-[-cq-]-§-fn hcp¶ Aán-bpsS kvXpXn-I- fp-amb kqà-§-fn BZy-t¯Xv 13-þmw kqà-am-Wv. ]Xn-s\«mw kqà-¯n _rl-kv]Xn apX-em-b-h-sc-t¸mse Z£n-Wbpw tZh-X-bm-Wv. AXm-bXv B kqà-¯nse A©mw ]Zyw Z£n-W-bv¡mWv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. E`p- ¡-sf-¸-än-bmWv Ccp-]Xmw kqàw. Ic-Iu-i-e-hn-Z-Kv[-cmb E`p-¡Ä BZyw- a-\p-jy-cm-bn-cp-¶p. hnkva-b-I-c-amb X§-fpsS {]hr¯n-IÄ sImv AhÀ tZhXzw t\Sn-sb¶v Cu kqà-¯n ]d-bp-¶p. ImWz ta[m-Xn-Yn-bpsS 22þ-mw kqàw Aizn-IÄ, Aán, khn-Xm-hv, hnjvWp F¶o tZh-·m-tcm-sSm¸w C{µm-Wn, hcp-Wm-\n, Aám-bn, `qan F¶o tZhnam-sc-¡qSn kvXpXn-¡p¶ kqà-am-Ip-¶p. H¶mw aWvU-e-¯nse 24 apX 30 hsc kqà- §Ä ip\x-ti-]- (þti-^-þ F¶pw ]mT-ap-v) BPo-KÀ¯n-bpsS cN\-bm-Wv. Cu kqà-§-fnse ]Zy-§Ä apgp- h³ sNmÃn-¯oÀ¶-t¸mÄ Ah³ hcp-W-]m-i-¯nÂ\n¶p apà-\mbn F¶mWv IY. Ch Xsâ-Xs¶ IY ]d- bp-¶p. hcp-Wsâ in£m-hn-[n-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Nne kqN-\-IÄ ChnsS ImWmw. 28-þmw kqàw bP-am-\\pw ]Xv\nbpw IqSn Dcepw De-¡-bp-apÄs¸sS D]-tbm-Kn-¨p-sImv bÚw sN¿p-¶-Xmbn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. bP-am- \³ am{Xw sNbvXp-t]m¶ bÚ-¯n ]Xv\n IqSn ]s¦-Sp¡p-¶Xv bÚ-hn-[n-I-fnse Hcp ]ptcm-K-a-\-L-«- ambn \nco-£n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. lnc-Wy-kvXq] BwKn-c-ksâ 30-þ35 kqà-§Ä hr{X-h-[-¯nsâ khn- kvX-c-hn-h-c-W-WpÄs¡m-Åp¶ 31-þ32 kqà-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 32-þmw kqàw 31-þ-sâ-b{X {]kn- ²-a-sÃ-¦nepw A{X-X-s¶ -{]-kn-²-am-tI--Xm-Wv. GI-]-£o-b-amb bp²-¯n hr{Xs\ sIm¶- Xn-\p-tijw Ahsâ A½ Zm\p-shbpw sImÃp-¶p. AXnse Ah-km-\-]Zyw Cµ³ cmPm-hmbn hmgv¯-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-Wv. 34þsâ BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä Aizn-tZ-h-·m-cp-sS -k-hn-ti-j-amb tXcnsâ aq¶v F¶ kwJy-bpsS BhÀ¯-\-apÄs¡m-Åp¶ hÀW-\-a-t{X. ASp¯ F«p kqà-§Ä (1. 36- þ43) IWz- Lu-c-tâ-Xm-Wv. IWz-hwiw Cu ]c-¼-c-bn CS-bv¡nsS hcp-¶p-v. ap¸-¯mdmw kqàw kap-Zm-b-tKm-{Xm-ánsb {]IoÀ¯n-¡p¶ ssk\n-I{]-[m-\-am-sbmcp kqàam-Ip-¶p. Cu kam-lm-c-¯n C{µ-kq-à-§-fn-sÃ-¶Xv Hcp {]tXy-I-X-bm-Ip-¶p. ]t£, aq¶p kqà-§Ä (1. 37-þ39) C{µsâ kl-N-c- cmb acp-¯p-¡Ä¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-h-b-t{X. 1. 40 BI-s«, {_Ò-W-kv]-Xn-¡p-Å-Xpw. C{µs\ {_Ò- W-kv]-Xn-bp-ambn XmZm-ßy-I-cWw sNbvXn-«p-Å-Xmbn ImWmw. Cu kqà-§-fp-sS- ssien s]mXp-hn Ak-¦oÀWhpw k´p-en-X-hp-am-Ip-¶p. 41-þmw kqàw BZn-Xy-·m-sc- kvXp-Xn-¡p-¶Xv. tZh-·msc hn[ym- ß-I-ambn kvXpXn-¡p-I-bmWp th-sX¶v CXp hyà-am-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ kqàw ]qjm-hn\p kaÀ¸n- ¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. cp{Z\pw an{X\pw tkma\pw tZh-X-I-fmb ASp¯ kqà-¯n cp{Zs\ XnI¨pw kuay-`m-h-¯n Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ kqà-k-am-lmcw (1. 44-þ50) {]kvIWz IWz-tâ-Xm-Wv. Ch-sbÃmw {]mX-c-\p-hm-I-¯nsâ khn-ti-j-X-I-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶-h-bm-Ip-¶p. {]kvI-Wz-I-Wz-kq-à-§Ä {]mXx-Im-e-{]-Im-i-I\pw {]`m-X-tZ-h-X-I-fmb Aizn-IÄ, Dj-Êv, DZ-b-kq-cy³ F¶n-h-sc -sIm-p-h-cp- ¶-h-\p-amb Aán-¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-h-b-t{X. A³]Xmw kqàw aª-¸n-¯-¯n-\pÅ NnInÕbpÄs¡m- Åp-¶p. khy AwKn-c-k-sâ- A-Sp¯ Ggp kqà-§Ä C{µ-sâ- ho-c-IÀa-§-sf-¸-än. A³]-¯©mw kqàw C{µ³ bp²-¯nepw kam-[m-\-¯nepw Xsâ IrXy-§Ä \nÀh-ln-¡p-¶-Xmbn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. hr{X-I-Y-tbmsS Cu kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. A³]-¯m-dn 1. 4. amIvkv apffÀ, F¨v. F¨v. hnÂk¬, Zbm\µ kckzXn, {Kn^n¯v, amIvtUmWÂ, Achnµ³, shân tUm\nPÀ, antj hnävkÂ, Pmank¬ & s{_sdÀ«¬ F¶nhcp-tS-Xmbn {it²bamb \nch[n EtKzZ]cn`mjIÄ hnhn[ `mjIfnembn cNn¡s¸«n«pv. Cu Hmtcm ]cn`mjsbbpw hnjbkao]\¯nsâ ASnØm\¯n amsj§s\ hnebncp¯p¶p?
C¸-d-ª-h-cn ]e-cp-sSbpw ]cn-`m-j-IÄ Rm³ a\-Ên-em-¡n-bn-S-t¯mfw k¼qÀW-aÃ; `mKnIw am{X-am-Wv. amIvkv apÅÀ apJy-ambpw acpXvkq-à-§tf hnhÀ¯\w sNbvXn-«p-Åq. ]ns¶, skbv{IUv _pIvkv Hm^v CuÌnse 32-þmw hmfy-¯nse aäp- Nne tZh-·m-sc¡p-dn-¨pÅ kqà- §-fpsS hnhÀ¯-\-§-fpw. Cu Cw¥ojv hnhÀ¯-\-§-sfÃmw Rm³ ae-bm-f-¯n-te¡p ]cn-`m-j- s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-v (kmlnXy{]hÀ¯-I-k-l-I-c-W-kwLw {]kn-²o-I-cn¨ amIvkv apÅ-dpsS EtKz- Z-kw-lnX, 2015 t\m¡p-I). Cu BwK-e-hn-hÀ¯-\-¯n\v Hcp \qäm-nsâ ]g-¡-ap-v. CXnsâ kpZoÀL-amb ]T-\-cq-]-¯n-epÅ Ah-Xm-cnI ]WvUn-X-·mÀ¡p-t]mepw Gsd hnÚm\-{]-Z-am- Wv. BZy-Im-e-kw-cw-`-sa¶ \ne-bn CXn\p hfsc {]m[m-\y-ap-v. GXmv AtX Ime¯p h¶ {Kn^n-¯nsâ BwK-e-]-cn-`m-jbpw Ncn-{X-]-c-amb {]m[m-\y-¯n Ihnªv asäm¶pw AÀln- ¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶n-Ã. AXv k¼qÀW-hp-a-Ã. Pman-k¬-þ-s{_-sdÀ«¬ BwKeXÀPasbmgn¨v asäÃmw `mKnIw am{X-am-Wp-Xm-\pw. aqe-]-Zy-§-fp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯m³ Ch-sbm¶pw kuIcyw Xcp-¶n-söpw FSp-¯p-]-d-b-Ww. AX-h-cpsS Dt±-iy-¯n s]Sp-¶n-sÃ-¶p tXm¶p-¶p.
1. 5. HmdnbâenÌmb amIvkv apffdpw amÀIvknÌmb tZho{]kmZv NtXm]m[ymbbpw kwkvIrX¯nse {]mNo\IrXnItfmSv kzoIcn¡p¶ kao]\§Ä X½nepff hyXncnàX F§s\ hnebncp¯p¶p?
Hmdn-bâ-en-Ìv, amÀIvknÌv XpS-§nb te_-ep-IÄs¡m¶pw Rm³ henb {]m[m\yw Iev]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. IrXn-IÄ hmbn¨v Ahsb hne-bn-cp-¯p¶XmWv F\n¡v A`n-a-Xw. amIvkvap-Ådpw tZho-{]- kmZpw X½n Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xp icn-bm-hn-Ã. tZho-{]-km-Zn\p e`n¨ amÀI-vkn-b³ hnÚm- \-¯n-sâtbm A]-{K-Y-\-¯n-sâtbm sXfn¨w amIvkvap-ÅÀ¡p-m-hn-ÃtÃm! apÅ-dpsS hnhn-[- ZÀi-\-]mWvUnXyKcna tZho-{]-]-km-Znepw A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. sshcp-[ym-ß-I-`u-Xn-I-hmZw {]mNo- \-`m-c-Xo-b-ZÀi-\-¯nepw kb³knsâ -]m-c-¼-cy¯nepw {]tbm-Kn¨v Cu cp- ]m-c-¼-cy-§-fnepw s]mfn-s¨-gp¯p \S-¯nb tZho-{]-km-Znsâ kao-]-\-t¯mSmhpw kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw \ap¡p Xmev]- cy-ap-m-hp-I.
1. 6. ]cn`mjbv¡nSbn amÀIvknÌmb DWn¯ncnamjpw HmdnbâenÌmb amIvkv apffdpw X½n kao]\¯nepw coXnimkv{X¯nepw Ieln¡p¶ptm? amÀIvknÌpw Hmdn-bâ-enÌpw X½n-epÅ "Ie-l-'¯nsâ {]iv\-sam¶pw Chn-sS-bn-Ã. amIvkv apÅ- dpsS ka-kvX-hn-Úm-\-im-Jm-[n-jvTn-X-amb ]mWvUn-Xytam Xmc-Xayssientbm H¶pw Fsâ Cu ae-bm-f-K-Zy-]-cn-`m-j-bn Bh-iy-an-Ã. klr-Z-b-cmb ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡v EtKz-Z-¯nsâ s]mXp- kz-`m-hhpw Imhy-ku-µ-cyhpw ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯pI F¶- Xm-c-X-tay\ P\-Io-bhpw efn-X-hp-amb Dt±-iyta F\n-¡p-Åq.
1. 7. EtKzZhymJym\§fnepw ]T\§fnepw sFXnlmknIw, ss\cpànIw F¶n§s\ coXnimkv{X§fpffXmbn Adnbmw; bYmÀ°¯n Ah F´mWv Dt±in¡p¶Xv? {]kvXpX hnhÀ¯\¯n ta¸dª kao]\§Ä kzoIcn¡p¶ptm, Asæn Imem\pkrXamb atäsX¦nepw coXnimkv{XamtWm ]n³]äp¶Xv?
B[n-`u-Xn-Iw, B[n-ssZ-hn-Iw, B[ym-ßn-Iw, bmÚnIw, ss\cp-àn-Iw, GI-tZ-h-Xm-kn-²m-´-]-cw, cl-kym-ß-I-hm-Z-]cw XpS-§n EtKz-Z-¯n\v ]e Xc-¯n-epÅ hymJym-\-§-fp-v. `uXnIw am{X- am-b-Xv, ssZhnIw am{X-am-b-Xv, Bßobw am{X-am-b-Xv, a{´-§Ä¡v bÚ-¯nse hn\n-tbmKw IW-¡n-se-Sp-¯p-sIm-p-Å-Xv, \ncp-à-]-c-amb AÀYw/AÀY-§Ä ]cn-KWn-¨p-sIm-p-ÅXv, EtKzZw GI-tZ-h-Xm-kn-²m´w AwKo-I-cn-¨p-sIm-pÅXmsW¶ Zbm-\-µ-k-c-kz-Xn-bpsS hymJym- \-co-Xn, B[ym-ßn-I-amb cl-kymÀYw AwKo-I-cn-¨p-sIm-pÅ Ac-hn-µ-tLm-jnsâ hymJym-\- coXn Fs¶ms¡ Chbv¡p bYm-{Iaw AÀYw ]d-bmw. Fsâ EtKz-Z-a-e-bm-f-K-Zy-]-cn-`m-j-bn Ch-bn ]eXpw btYm-NnXw AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶p-s-¦nepw s]mXp-hn kzoI-cn-¡p-¶Xv bmkvIsâ ss\cp-àn-I-co-Xn¡p {]m[m\yw sImSp-¯p-sIm-pÅ hymJym-\-k-{¼-Zm-b-am-Wv. {In. ap. \memw \qäm-n-te-sX¶p hniz-kn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ thZ-\n-L-p-hmWv bmkvIsâ \ncpàw. C¶ hm¡n\v C¶ AÀYta ]d-bmhq F¶ ]nSn-hm-in-sbm¶pw bmkvI-¶n-Ã. C§s\-bp-am-hmw, A§-s\bp- amhmw F¶ `mh-amWv \ncp-à-Im-c-\v. Cu kw`m-j-W-¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯n ]cm-aÀin¨ Pman- k¬-þ-shÀsUÀ«¬am-cpsS EtKz-Z-¯nsâ k¼qÀWmw-K-e-hn-hÀ¯\w Gdn-b-Iqdpw Cu ss\cp- àn-I-co-Xo-bmWv ]n³Xp-S-cp-¶-sX-¶-Xn-\m Rm\pw B ]cn-`m-j-sb-bmWv apJy-ambn D]-Po-hn- ¡p-¶-Xv.
2. 1. thZ§fpsS ImeKW\sb¡pdn¨pff XpSÀ¨bmb XÀ¡§tfmSv amsj§s\ {]XnIcn¡p¶p?
A\m-Zn-bmWv, A]ucp-tj-b-amWv, thZw F¶p hniz-kn-¡p¶ ]mc-¼-cy-hm-Zn-IÄ¡v EtKzZ¯nsâ Ime-ta-sX¶v Btem-Nn¨p _p²n-ap-t«--Xn-Ã. {In. ap. 1500 F¶mWv s]mXp-hn ]mÝm-Xy-]- WvUn-X-·mÀ Imew IW-¡m-¡n-bn-«p-Å-Xv. _me-Kw-Km-[-c-Xn-e-I-s\-t¸m-ep-Å-hÀ c-aq¶p kl- {km-_vZ-§ÄIqSn {]mNo-\X Iev]n-¡-¶p. GXm-bm-epw, AJn-e-tem-Im-Sn-Øm-\-¯n¯s¶ Gähpw ]g¡w sN¶ _rl¯mb kmlnIrXn-bm-Wn-sX¶ Imcy-¯n BÀ¡pw A`n-{]m-b-hy- Xym-k-an-Ã.
2. 2. tZho{]kmZv NtXm]m[ymbbpsS kao]\w Xs¶bmtWm thZ§tfmSpff amÀIvknÌv kao]\w? ]n¡me¯v Fs´¦nepw amä§fpmbn«ptm? tZho-{]-kmZv, ap³]v ]d-ª-Xp-t]m-se, `mc-Xo-b-ZÀi-\-§-fnepw C´y³ k-b³kn-sâ Ncn-{X¯nep- amWv {i² tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-«p-ÅXv; thZ-§-fn-eÃ.
2. 3. amIvkv apffdpsS Zn kb³kv Hm^v emwtKzPpw aäpamWtÃm XmcXay`mjmimkv{X¯nsâ DXv]¯n¡v ImcWambXv. {]kvXpX `mjmimkv{Xkn²m´§fpsS cN\bn thZ§fpw aäp ¢mkn¡Â IrXnIfpw {][m\]¦v hln¨n«pv. ]n¶oSv Bcy³ A[n\nthi¯nsâbpw aäpw Ncn{XcN\bn XmcXay`mjmimkv{Xkn²m´§Ä \nÀ®mbI]¦v hln¡p¶pv. ]n¡me¯v amIvkv apffÀ Xs¶ At±l¯nsâ {]kvXpX Bcy³ kn²m´¯n \n¶v ]ndtIm«pt]mbXmbn¡mWmw. EtKzZw Bg¯n ]T\hnt[bbm¡nb Bsf¶ \nebv¡v {]kvXpX hnjb¯nepff Imgv¨¸msS´mWv?
C¡mcyw tdmane Ym¸-sd-t¸m-epÅ hnJym-X-N-cn-{X-Im-cÀ NÀ¨-sNbvXv icn-bmb \nK-a-\-¯n-se-¯n- bn-«p-v. AXnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-amb Hc-`n-{]mbw F\n-¡n-Ã.
3. 1. EtKzZw \qämpIfmbn hmsamgn]mc¼cy¯neqsS IS¶ph¶ H¶mWsÃm; Hcp {KÙambn EtKzZw cq]s¸Sp¶Xv hfsc ]n¡me¯mWv. kzm`mhnIambpw Gsd¡mew hmsamgnbmbn {]Nmc¯nencp¶ ]mc¼cyw F¶ \nebv¡v \nch[n Iq«nt¨À¡epIÄ¡pw aäpw {]kvXpX {KÙw hnt[bambn«pmIpw; C§s\bncns¡ EtKzZ¯nsâ cq]oIcWNcn{Xw H¶p hniZoIcn¡mtam?
3. 2. thZ§fpsS hmsamgn]mc¼cys¯ \ntj[n¨psImmWtÃm ]s¯m¼Xmw \qämnse ]mTkwkvIcWw \S¶Xv; CXv thZ§fpsS Ncn{XPohnXs¯ \nKqVam¡p¶ntÃ?
Cu cp tNmZy-§Ä¡pw Hcp-an¨v D¯cw ]d-bmw: hÅ-t¯m-fn-sâ -E-tKzZhnhÀ¯-\-¯n\v kÀZmÀ sI. Fw. ]Wn-¡À Fgp-Xnb Bap-J¯n CtX- ¸än hnkvX-cn-¡p¶ `mKw D²-cn¡p¶p: ""-E-tKzZw Hm¯n\v (Dd-s¡-s¨m-Ãp-¶-Xn\v) D]-tbm-Kn- ¡p¶ a{´-§-fpsS Hcp kwln-X-bm-Wv. BsI ]¯p aWvU-e-§-fn-embn hn`-Pn-¨n-«pÅ 1017 kqà- §fpw 10472 E¡p-Ifpw EtKz-Z-¯neS-§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. "Pm\-¶]n Xznjm-tamZw kbÚx ]m X\m \cx ckw `n¶mb' Pm\³ 8 AjvSIw; A]n 10 aWvUew; Xznjm 64 A[ymbw; tamZw 85 A\p-hmIw; kbÚx ]m 1017 kqàw; X\m-\cx 2006 hÀKw; ckw `n¶mb 10472 E¡p-IÄ þ C§-s\-bmWp ]d- ªp-Im-Wp-¶-Xv. IqSmsX _me-Jn-ey-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ ]Xn-s\m¶p kqà-§Ä Iq-Sn-bp-s-¦nepw km[m- c-W-bmbn Ahsb EtKz-Z-kw-ln-X-bn DÄs¸-Sp-¯m-dn-Ã.
""-E-tKzZ¯n\v ]mT-t`-Z-§-fn-Ã. C{X ]pcm-X-\hpw `mc-X-¯n-emsI {]N-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-amb Hcp _rl-Zv{K-Ù- ¯n\p ]mT-t`-Z-§-fn-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xv BÝ-cy-am-W--tÃm. {ipXn-hm-Iy-§Ä¡p hyXymkw hcm-Xn-cn-¡m- \mbn BZy-Imew apXÂt¡ sNbvX \njvIÀj-IÄ sIm-mWv kÀh-Xx-ip-²hpw FÃm-hcpw AwKo-I- cn-¡p-¶-Xp-amb Hcp ]mTw \ne-hn-en-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu \njvIÀj-IÄ F´m-bn-cp¶p F¶p ]dbmw: thZ- ¯n\p ]Z-]mTw Fs¶m-¶p-v þ AXm-b-Xv, kwln-Xbnse FÃm hm¡p-Isfbpw kÔn-bnepw kam-k- ¯nepw \n¶p thÀs]-Sp¯n {]tXy-I-ambn FSp-¡p-¶p. CXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶p {Ia-]mTw F¶p thsd H¶p-v: ]Z-]m-T-¯nse Hmtcm hm¡p-sa-Sp¯v AXn\p ap³]n-es¯ hm¡pw ]n³]n-es¯ hm¡pw Iq«n-t¨À¯pÅ ]mT-amWv AXv. AXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶mWv PSm-]m-Tw. PSm-]m-T-sa-¶m Iq«n-bnW-¡nb ]mT-sa-¶ÀYw. CXn sXäp IS-¶p-Iq-Sm-Xn-cn-¡m-\mWv, L\-]m-Tw. ]Z-]m-T-¯n {]tXy-I-ambn A]-{K- Yn-¨n-«pÅ hm¡p-Isf XncnsI Iq«n-bn-W¡n kwln-X-bm-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ \nb-a-§-ft{X, {]mXn-im-Jyw. Ch-bvs¡Ãmw ]pdsa EtKz-Z-¯n\v Hc-\p-{I-a-Wn-I-bp-ap-v. AXn Hmtcm a{´hpw AXnsâ Ejn, Oµ- Êv, tZhX F¶n-hbpw kwln-X-bn-epÅ {Ia-¯n sImSp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p. C{Xbpw henb \njvIÀj temI-¯n thsd Hcp {KÙ-¯n\pw Dm-bn-«n-Ã-X-s¶. CXnsâ ^e-ambn aqhm-bnc¯n-b-ªqdp hÀj- ¯n Ipd-bmsX ]g-¡-apÅ kwln-X-bpsS ]mTw C¶pw ]cn-ip-²-am-bn-¯-s¶-bn-cn-¡p¶p!'' (B-ap-Jw, t]Pv 13-þ14) At±lw XpSÀ¶p hnh-cn-¡p¶p: ""-E-tKzZ¯n\v BsI ]¯p aWvU-e-§-fm-sW¶p ]d- ªph-tÃm. Ah-bn cp sXm«v Ggp hsc-bp-Åh Hmtcm Ejn-Ip-e-¯n cNn-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-h-bm-Wv. cmw aWvUew `mÀK-h-Ip-e-¯ntâXpw aq¶m-a-t¯Xv hnizm-an-{X-Ip-e-¯n-tâXpw \mem-a-t¯Xv hma-- -tZ-h-tâXpw A©m-a-t¯Xv A{Xn-bp-tSXpw Bdm-a-t¯Xv `c-Zzm-P-tâXpw Ggm-a-t¯Xp hkn-jvT-tâ-Xp-am-Ip- ¶p. F«m-as¯ aWvU-ehpw BZy-a-WvU-e-¯n A³]Xp kqà-§fpw IWz-Ipew cNn-¨--h-bm-Wv. ]¯mw aWvU-e-¯n\p aäp aWvU-e-§-fp-am-bpÅ _Ôw inYn-e-am-I-bmÂ, AXv ]n¡m-e-s¯-gp-Xn-b- Xm-sW¶p hmZn-¡p-¶-h-cn-Ãm-bvI-bn-Ã.
""thZ-§Ä A]u-cp-tj-b-§-fm-sW-¶t{X {_mÒ-W-hn-izm-kw. F¶m Hmtcm kqà-¯n-sâbpw Ejn-bpsS t]cp ]d-ªn-«p-Å-Xp-sImv, B kqà-¯nsâ "ZÀi\w' At±-l-¯n-¶p-m-b-Xm-sW¶pw AXp-sImv kmam-\y-`m-j-bn AXnsâ cN-bn-Xmhv At±-l-am-sW¶pw \ap¡v A\p-am-\n-¡mw. A-§s\ Ejn-IÄ tlmam-Zn-IÀa§Ä¡mbn At¸m-g-t¸mÄ cNn-¨p-h¶ kqà-§sf ]n¡m-e-§-fn kw`-cn¨p {Ia-s¸- Sp-¯n-b-XmWv thZ-kw-ln-X-sb¶p hnNm-cn-¡mw. A§s\ {Ia-s¸-Sp-¯n-bXp thZ-hym-k-s\¶p ]n¶oSp {]kn-²-\mb _mZ-cm-bW-Ir-jvW-\m-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ Imew GXmp {InkvXp-hn-\p-ap³]v 1800- þ\pw 1500-þ\pw CS-bv¡m-sW¶p hniz-kn-¡m³ \ymb-§-fp-v. Ct¸mÄ {]Nm-c-¯n-en-cn-¡p¶ ]mTw imI-ey³ {Ia-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xm-I-bm imI-ey-im-J-sb-¶t{X AXns\ hyh-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
""EtKz-Z-kq-à-§Ä an¡-hbpw kvXpXn-I-fm-Wv: tZh-·msc -kvXp-Xn¨p {]oXn-s¸-Sp¯n Ah-tcmSp sN¿p¶ {]mÀY-\-I-fm-Wv. A§-s\-b-Ãm-sXbpw Nne kqà-§Ä, hnti-jn¨pw ]¯mw aWvU-e-¯nÂ, ImWp- ¶p-v. t£a-¯n\pw k¼-¯n\pw, hntcm-[n-I-fnÂ\n-¶pÅ c£bv¡pw, Ah-tcm-sS-XnÀ¡p-t¼mÄ kmlm- ¿-¯n-\p-apÅ AÀY-\-I-fmWv an¡-h-bpw. acp-¸-c-¸p-I-fnÂ\n¶p hcp¶ Bcy-·mÀ kpP-ebpw kp^- ebpw kky-iym-a-bp-amb `mcX-`q-an-bn {]-th-in-¡p-t¼mÄ AhÀ¡p tXm¶nb Blvfm-Zhpw hnkva- bhpw ]e kvtXm{X-§-fnepw ]cn-tim-`n-¡p-¶p-v. knÔp-\-Zo-Xo-c-¯n-se-¯p-t¼mÄ, henb \Zn-IÄ ap³]p In-«n-Ãm¯ Ah-cpsS BÝcyw F{X-am-{X-sa¶v B kvtXm{XwsIm-dn-bmw. \K-c-hm-kn-Ifpw ZpÀtK-i-·m-cp-amb Zkyp-¡-tfmSv FXnÀ¯p Pbn-¡msX ap³t]m-«p- t]m-hpI km[y-a-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶-Xn-\mÂ, Ahsc -tXm¸n-¡m³ klm-bn-¡-W-sa-¶mWv, H«p-h-fsc a{´-§-fn-epÅ {]mÀY-\. AXn\p h{P-]m- Wn-bmb C{µsâ XpW-bmWv Bh-iyw. ]pc-µ-c-\mb B aL-hm-hns\ tkmaw-sImp {]oXn-s¸-Sp¯n, k]-Xv\-aÀZ-\hpw k¼Âk-ar-²nbpw k¼m-Zn-¡-W-sa-¶mWv apJy-amb Dt±-iyw.'' (t]Pv 14-þ15)
EtKz-Z-kz-cq]w Gsd-¡psd Cu ZoÀLamb D²r-X-hm-Iy-§-fnÂ\n¶p a\-Êm-em-bn-«p-m-hpw. C§-s\-sbm- s¡-bm-sW-¦nepw {]mtZ-in-Ihpw imJm-]-c-hp-amb Npcp¡w Nne ]mT-t`-Z-§Ä EtKz-Z-¯n ImWm-hp- ¶-Xm-Wv. {]mNo-\-þ-a-[y-Im-e-]m-«p-km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-I-sf-t¸m-setbm hS-¡³]m-«p-I-sf-t¸m-setbm Aà EtKz- Z-¯nsâ "\m«p-h-g-¡-' sa-¶ÀYw. tNmZy-¯n-epÅ kwibw Ct¸mÄ Zqco-I-cn-¡-s¸-«p-Im-Wp-atÃm?
3. 3. EtKzZ¯nsâ P\Iob]cn`mj F¶XpsIms´mWv Dt±in¡p¶Xv? ap³s]mcp A`n-apJkw`m-j-W-¯n \n§Ä cp-t]-cpw-Xs¶bmWv "P\-Iob-'sa¶p- hnti-jn-¸n-¨- Xv. "klr-Z-b-cmb ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡v s]mXp-hn hmbn-¨p-a-\-Ên-¡m-hp¶ ]cn-`mj-' F¶mWv Rm³ ]d- ª-Xv. AXns\ P\-Io-b-sa¶p ]d-bm-sa-¦n F\n¡pw k½-Xw-X-s¶.
3. 4. EtKzZw Bcy·mcpsS cN\bmsW¶mWsÃm IcpXnhcp¶Xv; B \nebv¡v EtKzZw Hcp lnµpaX{KÙamsW¶v ]dbm\mIptam?
GXmv apKÄkm-{am-Py-¯nsâ BhnÀ`mhw hsc "lnµp'- F¶ hm¡n-\p-Xs¶, C¶-s¯-t¸mse aX-sa¶ AÀY-¯n hnti-jn-¨v, {]Nmcw h¶n-«n-sÃ-¶mWv Fsâ Adn-hv. knÔp-\-Zn-¡n-¸p-d-apÅ cmPy-¯n \nh-kn-¡p-¶-hsc¡pdn-¡m³ hntZ-in-IÄ D]-tbm-Kn-¨p-Xp-S-§n-b-Xmhmw AXv. "k'- D¨m-c-W-h-im "l- ' F¶mhpw t]gvky³`m-j-bnepw aäpw. knÔp lnµp-hm-bXmsW-¶ÀYw. C´y F¶ cmPy-\maw h¶- Xp-Xs¶ C§-s\-bm-sW¶p ]d-bmw. ]¯mw \qäm-tm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv lnµp-i_vZw Hcp {]tXy-I-a-X- sa¶ t]cn {]N-cn-¨p-Xp-S-§n-b-Xv. thZ]pcm-tW-Xn-lm-k-{K-Ù-§-fntem {ioi-¦-c-Ir-Xn-I-fntem H¶pw ]n¶oSv ap³Im-e-{]m-_eyw t\Snb ]Zw! Cu AÀY-¯nepw \n_-Ô-\-tbm-Spw-Iq-Sntb thZ]pcm-tW-Xn-lm- k-§sfbpw, `K-h-ZvKo-Xsbt¸mepw, lnµp-aX{KÙ-sa¶p hnti-jn-¸-¡m-\mhq F¶-XmWp hkvXp-X.
3. 5. EtKzZe£mÀ¨\bpw aäpw \hlnµpXz¯nsâ tas¼mSnbn \S¡p¶ C¡me¯v BfpIÄ EtKzZs¯ `b`àn_lpam\§tfmSpIqSnbmWv ImWp¶Xv. Cu BfpIfn F´v amäamWv DWn¯ncnamjnsâ ]cn`mjsImv Dt±in¡p¶Xv?
CXn-s¶ms¡ aX-ZÀi-\-hp-am-sb´p _Ôw? P\-hn-izm-k-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« BNm-c-§fpsS `mK-atà ChsbÃmw? DÕh-{]n-bcmWv a\p-jy-sc¶p ]pap-XÂs¡ ]d-ªp-h-cm-dp-v. EtKz-Z-e-£mÀ¨-\- sbms¡ DÕ-hm-\p-_-Ôn-IÄX-s¶-bm-sW¶p ImWmw. EtKz-Zs¯ C¯cw Bcm-[-\m-a-t\m-`m-h-t¯msS am{Xw ImWp-¶-hÀ¡pw Cu ]-cn-`m-j-bn Xmev]cyw h¶p-Iq-Sm-bvI-bn-Ã. F{X-Iv IqSp-XÂt]À hmbn-¡p-¶pthm A{Xbpw {KÙ-IÀ¯m-hn\p kt´m-j-atà Dmhq? hmb-\-bpsS KmV-X-b-\p-k- cn¨v amähpw hcm-Xn-cn-¡n-söp XoÀ¨. amä-¯n-sâ- co-Xn, ]t£, B´-chpw _mly-hp-amb ]e LS-I- §-sfbpw B{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
3. 6. thZ§sfbpw D]\nj¯pIsfbpw ap³\nÀ¯n \hlnµpXziànIÄ \S¯nhcp¶ {]NmcWs¯ sk¡pednÌpIÄ F§s\bmWv {]Xntcm[nt¡Xv? thtZm-]-\n-j-¯p-¡-fmWv `mc-Xo-b-kw-kvIm-c-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-in-e-sb¶pw A\m-Znbpw A]u-cp- tj-b-hp-amb thtZm-]-\n-j-¯p-¡-fn kqNn-¸n-¡p-I-sb-¦nepw sNbvXn-«n-Ãm¯ bmsXm¶pw ]n¡me`mc-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-¯n ImWp-I-bn-söpw thtZm-]-\n-j-Z-[n-jvTn-X-amb Cu `mcXo-b- kw-kv-ImcamIs« Bßobw AYhm Bi-b-hm-Z-]-cw -am-{X-am-sW¶pw `uXn-I-hm-Zhpw bmYmÀYy- hmZhpsaÃmw A`m-c-Xo-b-w AYhm ]mÝm-Xy-am-sW¶pw AXv tIh-e-hm-Z-]cw am{X-am-sW¶pw sshcp-[y-hmZw A`m-c-Xobw AYhm ]mÝm-Xy-am-sW¶pw Cu BÀj-`m-c-Xkw-kvIm-c-hm-Zn-IÄ Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sp-¶p. F¶mÂ, hkvXp-X-sb-´mWv? XoÀ¨-bmbpw BÀj-`m-c-Xkw-kvImcw `mc-Xo- b-kw-kvIm-c-¯nsâ {][m-\-`m-Kw-X-s¶-bm-Wv.
B BÀj-`m-c-X-kw-kvIm-c-¯nÂ\n¶p Infn-À¯p-h¶ `mc-Xo-b-ZÀi\w GI-in-em-`n-¯n-I-a-Ã. _lp- kz-c-X-bm-W-Xnsâ Bßm-hv. hmkvX-h-¯nÂ, `mc-Xo-b-ZÀi-\-§-sf-¶mWp hnfn-t¡--Xv. ]c-¼- cm-K-X-amb hn`-P-\-a-\p-k-cn-¨p-Xs¶ BkvXn-Iw, \mkvXnIw F¶n-§s\ `mc-Xo-b-ZÀi\w cmbn Xncn-bp-¶p. BkvXnIw jUvZÀi-\-§-sf¶p tIfn-tI« kmwJyw, tbmKw, \ymbw, sshti-jn- Iw, aoamw-k, thZm´w F¶n-h-bm-Wv. \mkvXnIw _u²w, ssP\w, NmÀhmIw AYhm temIm- bXw F¶n-h. BkvXn-I-sa-¶-Xn\v Cuiz-c-hm-Z-]-c-sa-¶mWv AÀYw Iev]n-¨p-h-cm-dp-Å-sX-¦nepw Cu H³]Xp ZÀi\-§fpw kq£va-ambn ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am-¡p-t¼mÄ Ah-bn _lp-`q-cn-]-£hpw \nco-iz-c-hm-Z-]-ctam Cuiz-c-\n HuZm-ko\yw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶htbm B-sW¶p hyà-am-hpw. kmwJyw AXn-{]m-No-\-am-Wv. _p²-t\-¡mÄ ap³]v DS-se-Sp-¯-Xm-sW-¶p-hsc A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp¶ Nn´-I-·m-cp-v. {]IrXn-bmWv {][m-\-sa¶XmWv B ZÀi\-¯nse {][m-\-amb Hcp kn²m-´w. {]IrXn ]cn-W-an-¨p-m-b-XmWv Cu ka-kvX-N-cm-N-c-§-fp-sa¶v kmwJyw Ic-Xp-¶p. ]qhv hnS-cp- -¶-t]mse B {]hÀ¯\w kzm`m-hn-I-ambn \S-¡p-¶p. CXn\p kz`m-h-hm-Z-sa¶p t]cv. kz`m-h-hm-Zm- [n-jvTn-X-amWv kmwJyw. AXp-sImv kmwJy-ZÀi\w krjvSn-Øn-Xn-kw-lm-c-IÀ¯m-hmbn Hco- iz-cs\ AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã-. tbmK-ZÀi\w tkiz-c-kmwJyw F¶-dn-b-s¸-Sp-¶-XpXs¶ kmwJyw \nco-iz-c-sa¶ Cu hmZ-¯n\v Dt]m-Zv_-e-I-am-Wv. F¶m aäp ZÀi-\-§-sf-t¸m-epÅ ZÀi-\- amtWm tbmKw, AYhm AsXmcp {]mtbm-Kn-I-amÀK-amtWm F¶ kwibw kzm`mhn-I-ambpw DZn-¡p-¶p-v. a\-Êns\ GIm-{K-ambn \nÀ¯n-bm kÀth-{µn-b-§-sfbpw kzm[o-\-am-¡m-sa¶ {]mtbm-Kn-I-ZÀi-\-am-W-sX¶v C{]-Im-c-a-tem-Nn-¡p-t¼mÄ \ap¡p t_m[y-am-Ipw. C¶p temIm- Sn-Øm-\-¯n¯s¶ PmXn-a-X-\n-c-t]-£-ambn kmÀh-{Xn-Imw-Ko-Imcw t\Sn-¡-gnª tbmKw AXnsâ {]mtbm-Kn-I-]-c-io-e-\-]-²Xn F¶ ]Zhn sXfn-bn¨pI-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. Nnss¯-Im{Kyw t\Sp-¶-Xn\v "Cuizc-{]-Wn-[m-\mZzm-' (Cuiz-c-[ym-\w-sIm-tm) F¶p sshI-ev]n-I-ambn ]d-bp- ¶p-s-¶-ÃmsX Cuiz-c-[ym\wXs¶ thW-sa¶p \njvIÀjn-¡p-¶n-Ã. CjvS-apÅ H¶ns\ [ym\n- ¨m aXn F¶p ]n¶oSp ]d-bp¶ Imcyw {i²n-¡p-I. Chn-Ss¯ Cuiz-c-kw-_-Ôn-I-fmb kq{X- §Ä kµÀ`-¯nÂ\n¶p thdn-«p-\n¡p-¶p-sh¶p tXm¶p-¶-Xp-sImv Ah {]£n-]vX-am-bn-cn- ¡m-sa¶p KmÀ_v, lncn-b-®, cm[m-Ir-jvW³ apX-emb Nn´-I-·mÀ kqNn-¸n-¨n-«p-ÅXp {it²-b- am-Wv. BZy-Im-e-\ym-b-ssh-ti-jn-IÀ Cuiz-c-s\- Aw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-t¶-bn-Ã. ]n¡m-e-\ym-b-ssh- ti-jn-I-cm-Is« A\p-am-\-{]-am-W-¯n-eqsS Cuiz-c-\p-s¶p sXfn-bn-¡m³ {ian-¡p¶ps¦nepw CXn-sâ -s]m-Å-¯cw hnÚm-\-`n-£p- ({In. ]n. 14-þmw iX-Iw) Xpd-¶p-Im-«p-¶p-v. AssZz-X-th- Z-´-¯nsâ kq£va-hn-i-I-e-\-¯nÂ\n¶v AXpw \nco-iz-c-am-sW¶v t_m[y-am-Ipw. AXp-sIm-mWv "\nco-iz-tcmlw' (Rm³ \nco-iz-c-\m-Wv) F¶p {ioi-¦-c\pw "{]Ñ-¶-_p-²³' F¶p {]Xn-tbm-Kn- Ifpw ]d-ªXv. C§s\ t\m¡p-t¼mÄ C´y³ \nco-iz-c-hmZw ssk²m-´n-I-am-bn-s«-¦nepw ià- am-sW¶p ImWmw (Iq-Sp-X hnh-c-§Ä¡v `mc-Xo-b-ZÀi-\-¯nsâ Adn-b-s¸-Sm¯ apJw F¶ Fsâ eLp-{KÙw t\m¡p-I)
3. 7. kwkvIrX ]mc¼cyw = sshZnI]mc¼cyw/lnµp]mc¼cyw F¶n§s\bpÅ \h{]Xybimkv{X \nÀ½nXnIsf Hcp kwkvIrX]WvUnX³ F¶ \nebn amjv F§s\ t\m¡n¡mWp¶p? kwkvIr-]m-c-¼cy¯n sshZn-I-]m-c-¼-cy-hp-apv F¶-ÃmsX AXp am{X-aà sshZn-I-]m-c-¼-cy-sa- ¶-Xn\v B ]mc-¼-cy-¯nse {]_-e-amb Assh-Zn-I-]m-c-¼cywXs¶ sXfn-hm-Wv. "lnµp-']m-c-¼- cy-am-I-s«, ]¯mw \qäm-n-\p-tijw h¶-Xm-sW¶v B ]Zw-Xs¶ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ AsX-§s\ sshZn-I-]m-c-¼-cy-amIpw? kwkvIr-X-¯n\v Aln-µp-¡Ä \ÂInb kw`m-h-\-IÄ ]s¯m³]Xmw \qä-m-tm-Sp-IqSn AJn-e-tem-Im-Sn-Øm-\-¯n A\p-Zn\w hÀ[n-¨p-h-cp-¶p-sh- ¶p-ÅXv B aWvU-e-w \nco-£n-¡p-¶-hÀs¡-Ãm-a-dn-bmw. 1. EtKzZw F¶ hm¡p¸¯nsb¡pdn¨pw hyXykvX§fmb k¦Â¸\§fpþ tÃm?
EKv+thZx = EtKzZx. kwkvIr-X-¯n ]pÃnw-K-amb Cu -]Zw \mw ae-bm-f-¯n \]pw-k-I-cq-]-ambn EtKzZw F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. EtKz-Zw, bPpÀth-Zw, kma-thZw AYÀh-thZw F¶n-h-bm-W-tÃm- \mep thZ-§Ä. EIv{]-[m-\-amb thZw, bPpx {][m-\-amb thZw, kma-{]-[m-\-amb thZw, AYÀh-{]-[m-\-amb thZw F¶n-§s\ kam\coXn-bn Ch-bv¡v- AÀYw ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ, EtKz-Z-¯n\v kvXpXn-{]-[m- \-amb thZw F¶ÀYw In«pw. ‘EN kvXpXu’ F¶p [mXp. ‘ENv kvXpXn-bnÂ’ F¶ÀYw. EN- F-¶-Xnse AImcw C¯m-b-Xp-sImv AXn\p hne-bn-Ã. ‘CXv’ F¶Xv ]mWn-\n-bpsS Hcp kmt¦-Xn-I-]-Z-am-Wv. ENv F¶mWv [mXp-kz-cq-]w. EIvi_vZw NIm-cm´am-I-bm C§-s\-bmWv cq]w hcn-I. EIv þ ENu þ ENx F¶n-§s\ {]Y-am-hn-`-àn-bn GI-þ-Zzn-þ-_-lp-h-N-\-§Ä. EIvi_vZ-¯n\v ‘tZh- ·mÀ CXp-sImp kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p’ F¶ÀYw. ‘]m]-s¯ -\-in-¸n-¡p-¶Xv’ F¶p kma-¯n\pw ‘tZh-·mÀ CXp-sImv bPn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p’ F¶p- b-PpÊn\pw AÀYw. {Xbn F¶-Xp-sImv Cu aq¶p thZ-§sf AÀY-am-¡p-¶p. AYÀh-thZw ]n¶oSp thZ-§-fn s]Sp-¯n-b-Xm-Wv. a{´-§fpw B`n-Nm-c-§fpw DÄs¡m-Åp¶ CXnsâ IÀ¯mhv AYÀh\msW¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
2. EtKzZw t]mepff Hcp ]ucmWnI{KÙ¯n\v aebmf¯n \nehn hnkvXr Xamb hnhÀ¯\§Ä Dmbncnt¡ C\nsbmcp hnhÀ¯\¯nsâ {]kàn sb´mWv?
]ucm-WnIw F¶-Xn\v ‘]gb’ Ft¶ AÀY-am-¡p-¶p-Åp-sh-¦n sXän-Ã. Asæn EtKz-Zs¯ thZ-{K-Ù-sa¶pXs¶ ]d-bp-¶-XmWv \Ã-Xv. ]ns¶, EtKz-Z-¯n\v ae- bm-f-¯n cp k¼qÀWhnhÀ¯-\-§tf CXp-hsc A¨-Sn-¨p-h-¶n-«p-Åq. Ah hÅ-t¯m-fn-sâbpw H. Fw. kn. \mcm-b-W³ \¼q-Xn-cn-¸m-Sn-tâ-Xp-am-Wv. AXn hÅ-t¯m-fntâXv KZy-¯nepw ]Zy-¯n-ep-am-bn-«m-Wv. ap¸Xmw hb-Ênte Dm-bn- cp¶ Xsâ tamlw Fgp-]-¯©mw hb-Ên km[n-¨p-sh¶p IrXmÀYX sImÅm- \p-Å- `mKyw At±-l-¯n-\p-mbn F¶-ÃmsX AXn¶v A{X henb {]m[m-\y- sam¶pw alm-Ihn Iev]n-¨n-«n-Ã. F¦nepw \s½Êw_Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw FXn\p \à {]m[m-\y-ap-v. BZy´w IhnXzw \nd-ªp-\n¡p¶ XÀP-a-bm-W-Xv. aqe- IrXn hmbn¨p Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯-W-sa-¶m-{K-l-ap-Å-hÀ¡pw A\z-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn EtKzZw ]Tn-¡-W-sa¶p Xmev]-cy-ap-Å-hÀ¡pw IqSn {]tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¶-XmWv H. Fw. kn. bpsS ]cn-`m-j.- km-bW`mjyw IqSn tNÀ¯v AXnsâ cXv\¨p-cp¡w ae- bm-f-¯n Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I-bmWv At±lw sNbvX-Xv. `mjm-`mjyw F¶p hnti- -j-W-cq-]-amb-- X-e-hm-N-I-¯n-eqsS At±lw AXp hyà-am-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. hÅ- t¯mÄ kmb-W-s\-¯-s¶bmWv Ah-ew-_n-¨n-«p-Å-sX¶p hnhÀ¯\w hmbn-¨m a\-Ên-em-hpw.
GXmv 3500 sImÃs¯ ]g-¡-apÅ EtKz-Z¯nsâ AÀYw kmb-W³ hymJym\n- ¡p-¶Xv an¡-hmdpw Bßo-b-ambpw bmÚn-I-am-bp-w am{X-am-Wv. H³]Xmw \qäm- n `mc-X-¯n Ah-ti-jn¨ Htc-sbmcp sslµ-h-km-{am-Py-sa¶p ]d-bm-hp¶ hnP-b-\-Kckm{am-Py-¯nse a{´-nbm-bn-cp¶p A¶s¯ \nebv¡p kÀh-im-kv{X- ]m-WvUnXyw k¼m-Zn¨ kmb-Wm-Nm-cy³. B ]mWvUnXyw Hs«Ãm {]ap-J-thZ-im- kv-{Xm-Zn-{K-Ù-hym-Jym-\-§-fn-eqsS At±lw kwkvIr-X-¯n {]I-Sn-¸n¨n-«p-ap-v. kzIr-Xn-I-fn-eqsS bÚ-kw-kvIm-cs¯ ]p\-cp-Öo-hn-¸n-¡p-Ihgn Xm\p-t±-in-¡p¶ sslµ-h-kw-kvIm-cs¯ ]p\-cp-Öo-hn-¸n-¡pI F¶ e£yw -km-[n-¡m³ At±lw {ian-¨p. B ]mWvUn-Xy-¯nsâ KpWhpw B ]p\-cp-Öo-h-\-e-£y-¯nsâ tZmjhpw B IrXn-I-fn \njv]£-a-Xn-IÄ¡p ZÀin-¡mw.
Cu kmb-Wm-h-ew-_\w H. Fw. kn. bpsS hnhÀ¯-\-¯n\pw KpW-sa-¶-t]mse tZmjhpw Dm-¡n-bn-«p-s¶p \nco-£n-¨m sXäm-hp-I-bn-söp tXm¶p-¶p.
AXn-\m-Â EtKz-Z-¯n\p ]pXnb Hcp ae-bm-f-K-Zy-]-cn-`mj {]k-à-am-sW-¶mWv F\n¡p tXm¶p-¶-Xv.
3. A§bpsS EtKzZhnhÀ¯\w aqeIrXntbmSv F{Xt¯mfw \oXn]peÀ¯p¶pv?
CXv ]d-tb-Xv hmb-\-¡m-cmWv; Rm\-Ã.
4. ]cn`mjbn P\Iob]cn`mjsb¶pw AÃm¯ ]cn`mjsb¶psams¡bptm? P\Iob]cn`mj F§s\bmWv hyXykvXamIp¶Xv?
A`n-ap-J-¯n\p hcp¶ \n§-sf-t¸m-ep-Å-h-cmWv P\-Io-b-]-cn-`mj F¶p hnti-jn-¸n- ¨-Xv. sshZn-I-Ir-Xn-Itfm kwkvIr-]-cn-Úm-\tam th-{X-bn-Ãm¯ ae-bm-fn-k- lr-ZbÀ¡p hmbn¨p a\-Ên-em-¡m³, hnti-jn¨v EtKz-Z-¯nse Imhy-ku-µ-cy-am- kz-Zn-¡m³, DX-Ip-am-dpÅ, Ip«n-¡r-jvW-am-cm-cpsS Imfn-Zm-k-Ir-Xn-IÄ¡pÅ KZy- ]-cn-`m-jsb amXr-I-bm-¡n-s¡m-pÅ H¶mWv CsX-gp-Xn-b-t¸mÄ Fsâ a\-Ên- ep-mbn-cp¶-Xv.
5. EtKzZw Bcy·mcpsS cN\bmsW¶mWsÃm IcpXnhcp¶Xv; B \nebv¡v EtKzZw Hcp lnµpaX{KÙamsW¶v ]dbm\mIptam?
Bcy·mÀ am{X-a-Ã-tÃm, {Zmhn-Ucpw Zfn-Xcpw BZn-a-\n-hm-kn-I-fp-saÃmw, AhÀ NneÀ Ah-Im-i-s¸-«n-«n-sÃ-¦nÂt¸mepw, lnµp-¡ÄX-s¶-btÃ? lnµp F¶ t]scm¶pw B kaq-l-s¯-¸än ]d-ªn-cp-¶nÃ; ]¯mw \qäm-tm-Sp-Iq-Sntb B ]Zw \ne-hn h¶p-Åq. icn¡p ]d-ªm {_n«o-jp-Im-cpsS Imew apXÂt¡ C¶s¯ AÀY- ¯n AXn\p {]Nmcw In«n-bpÅq F¶ hkvXpX k½-Xn-¡p-¶p.
Cu \nebv¡v Bcy-·m-sc-¶-Ã, lnµp-¡-sf¶p sXm«p-ap³]p ]dª Bsc-gp-Xnb {KÙ-s¯-bm-bm-epw, lnµp-a-X-{K-Ù-sa¶v F§-s\-bmWv ]d-bpI? bÚ-§-fp- sSbpw aäp IÀa-§-fp-sSbpw hnh-c-W-§Ä¡pw C{µ³, Aán, hcp-W³, acp-¯p- ¡Ä, Imäv, ISÂ, Dj-Êv, cm{Xn, `qan, DÀh-in, ]pcq-c-h-Êv, hnizm-an-{X³, \Zn-IÄ, Zm\w, Z£n-W, ba³, ban, bÚ-i-I-Sw, NXp-I-fn-¡m-c³, C¶-s¯ -am-\-ZWvUw sh¨p t\m¡n-bm thiy F¶p ]d-bm-hp¶ A]m-e, tkmaw, s\¿v, Huj-[-k- ky-§Ä, hnj-a-cp-¶p-IÄ F¶n-§s\ hoc-\m-b-I-·mcpw {]Ir-Xn-{]-Xn-`m-k-§fpw tZh-·mcpw Ejn-Ifpw bÚhpw hnt\m-Z-§fpw sshZy-hp-saÃmw {]Xn-]m-Zy-hn-j- b-§-fm-hp¶ EtKz-Zs¯ F§-s\-bmWv lnµp-a-X-{K-Ù-sa¶p hnfn-¡pI? 1028 kqà-§fpw ]Xn-\m-bn-c-¯nÂ]cw ]Zy-§-fp-apÅ EtKz-Zs¯ Hcp _rl-ZznÚm- \-tIm-i-sa¶p hnfn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wp-Nn-Xw. ]n¡m-e-ln-µp-a-X-¯nse NmXpÀhÀWy s¯ (]n¡m-e-hn-c-Nn-X-sa¶p {]kn-²-amb ]¯mw aWvU-e-¯nse ]pcpj-kq- à-¯nse Hcp tÇmI-¯n-emWv Cu ]cm-aÀiw) kw_-Ôn¨ ]cm-aÀiw t]mepw hnhm-Z-{K-kvX-am-Wv. sshZn-I-kw-kvIm-chpw AXn\p ap³]p-m-bn-cp¶ knÔp-\- Zo-X-S-kw-kvImcapÄs¸sS C´y³ kwkvIm-c-¯nsâ `m-K-am-sW¶p \nÊw-ibw ]dbmw. ap³]-dª \n_-Ô-\-bpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯n thW-sa-¦n EtKz-Zs¯ lnµp-a-X-{K-Ù-sa¶p hnfn-¡mw. ]t£, C¶p lnµphÀKo-b-hm-Zn-IÄ ]d-ªp-]-c- ¯p¶ Ak-ln-jvWp-Xm-\nÀ`-c-amb lnµp-Xz-¯nsâ emRvO\ t]mepw EtKz-Z- ¯n ImWm-\m-hn-Ã.
6. {]mNo\mcy·mÀ C´ybnse¯p¶Xn\p apt¼ EtKzZkqà§Ä cNn¡s¸«p XpS§nbncp¶p F¶ \nKa\t¯mSv amjv tbmPn¡p¶ptm?
CsXms¡ thZ-K-th-j-IÀ ]t AwKo-I-cn-¨n-«pÅ hkvXp-X-I-fm-Wv. C¶s¯ ]m¡n- Øm-³, A^vLm-\n-Øm³ apX-emb Øe-§-fnÂ\n-¶mWv EtKz-Z-¯nsâ ]e `mK-§fpw Fgp-Xn-b-sX¶v AXnse `qan-im-kv{X-]c-amb ]-cm-aÀi-§Ä ]cn-tim-[n- ¨m a\-Ên-em-Ipw.
7. ‘‘EtKzZw Hcp aX{KÙtam, XXzimkv{X{KÙtam Aà IhnXIfpsS kamlmcamWv’’F¶ sI. ZmtamZcsâ \nco£Wt¯mSv amjv tbmPn¡p¶ptm? (`mcXobXXzNn´. sI.ZmtamZc³. `mjm C³Ìnäyq«v, 2015. ]pdw. 48)
EtKzZw Ihn-X-I-fpsS kam-lm-c-amWv F¶ A`n-{]mbw icn-bm-Wv; X¯z-im-kv{Xhpw Ihn-X-bn hcm-a-tÃm. hnim-e-amb ASn-Øm-\-¯n AXns\ aX-{K-Ù-sa¶pw hnfn-¡mw. X¯z-im-kv{X-{K-Ù-sa¶p hnfn-¡m³ ]mI-¯n A{X-tb-sd-sbm¶pw X¯z-im-kv{Xhnh-c-W-§Ä AXn-ep-Å-Xmbn ImWp-¶n-Ã.
8. EtKzZ¯nsâ DffS¡w Im¸\nIamb H¶mtWm? Asæn bmYmÀ°yt¯mSv F{Xt¯mfw \oXn ]peÀ¯p¶pv?
ImevI-\n-I-amb Hs¶m-¶p-a-Ã. ]t£, Imev]-\n-I-amb Awi-§Ä Gä-¡p-d-¨n-ep-I- tfmsS ]te-S¯pw hcpw. GXm-smcp aqhm-bn-c-¯-ªqdp sImÃw ap³]s¯ C´y-bp-sS, hnti-jn¨v A^vLm-\n-kvvYm³, _eq-Nn-Øm³ AS¡-apÅ D¯-tc- ´y-bpsS kmaq-lyhpw kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw cmjv{So-bhpw km¼-¯n-I-hp-amb bmYmÀYy-§Ä ]eXpw EtKz-Z-¯n {]Xn-^-en-¨n-«p-m-hmw. NmXpÀhÀWyw A¡m- e-¯p-m-bn-cp-¶n-sÃ-¶p-thWw Duln-¡m³. (]¯mw aWvU-e-¯nse ]pcp-j- kqàw ]n¡m-e¯p Iq«n-t¨À¡-s¸-«-Xm-sW¶ A`yqlw icn-bm-bn-¡q-Sm-bvI- bn-Ã. {_mÒ-WÀ, £{Xn-bÀ F¶ cp hÀW-§-sf-¸-än-bm-W-v A[nI]cm-aÀi-§- fpw. sshiy-sc-¸-änbpw CS-bvs¡Ãmw ]cm-aÀiw hcp-¶p-v. iq{Z-]-cm-aÀiw hÀW- ¯nsâ `mK-sa¶ \ne-bn A§s\ ImWp-¶n-Ã. AXmWv NmXpÀhÀWyw cq]w sImp-h-cp-¶-tX-bp-ffq F¶p ]d-ª-Xv. ]n¡m-e¯v C´y-bp-sS- F-s¶-t¶- ¡p-apÅ im]-ambn h¶ (C¶pw ]te-S-§-fnepw AXv hf-sc-tbsd cq£w Xs¶), D¨-\o-N-Xz-¯n-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb PmXn-hy-hØ EtKz-Z-¯n ImWm-\n-sÃ-¶p-Xs¶ ]d-bmw. P\-\w, ac-Ww, hnhmlw apX-emb Imcy-§-fn-sems¡ PmXn-\n-jv¡Àjw A{X cq£-ambn ]men-¡-s¸-«p-Im-Wp-¶n-Ã. {_mÒ-WÀ¡pw £{Xn-bÀ¡p-amWv ]e-t¸mgpw ap³ ap³ssI F¶p ImWmw. Nne-t¸mÄ £{Xn-bÀ¡v taÂt¡mbva e`n-¨-Xmbpw ImWmw. C¶-s¯ -\n-ebv¡v thiysb¶p hne-bn-cp-¯m-hp¶ A]me Hcp kqà-¯nsâ Ejn-bm-Wv. EjnI F¶v kv{Xoenw-K-ambpw {]tbmKw ImWp-¶p-v. AhÄ Hcp XmW PmXn-¡m-cn-bm-sW-¶mWp tXm¶p- ¶-Xv. ]t£, AhÄ thZ-¯nse FÃm-sa-Ãm-ab kÀhm-[n-I-ho-c-\m-b-I-\mb C{µsâ A-\p-{K-l- t¯msS, X\n¡p am{X-aÃ, AÑ\pw \m«p-ImÀ¡pw tcmK-hn-tam-N-\hpw sFiz-cyhpw ssIh-cp- ¯p-¶p.
15 GXv Xcw cN\Ifnepw {]kvXpX Ime¯nsâ ASbmf§Ä DmIpatÃm! EtKzZ XÀÖa \S¯pt¼mÄ C¯c¯nepffXpw F¶m CXphsc tcJs¸Sp¯s¸«n«nà F¶p tXm¶n-bXp amb GsX¦nepw Ncn{XhkvXpXIÄ t_m[ys¸SpIbpmtbm? 3. 7. kwkvIrX ]mc¼cyw = sshZnI]mc¼cyw/lnµp]mc¼cyw F¶n§s\bpÅ \h{]Xybimkv{X \nÀ½nXnIsf Hcp kwkvIrX]WvUnX³ F¶ \nebn amjv F§s\ t\m¡n¡mWp¶p? kwkvIr-]m-c-¼cy¯n sshZn-I-]m-c-¼-cy-hp-apv F¶-ÃmsX AXp am{X-aà sshZn-I-]m-c-¼-cy-sa- ¶-Xn\v B ]mc-¼-cy-¯nse {]_-e-amb Assh-Zn-I-]m-c-¼cywXs¶ sXfn-hm-Wv. "lnµp-']m-c-¼- cy-am-I-s«, ]¯mw \qäm-n-\p-tijw h¶-Xm-sW¶p B ]Zw-Xs¶ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ AsX-§s\ sshZn-I-]m-c-¼-cy-amIpw? kwkvIr-X-¯n\p Aln-µp-¡Ä \ÂInb kw`m-h-\-IÄ ]s¯m³]Xmw \qä-m-tm-Sp-IqSn AJn-e-tem-Im-Sn-Øm-\-¯n A\p-Zn\w hÀ[n-¨p-h-cp-¶p-sh- ¶p-ÅXv B aWvU-e-w \nco-£n-¡p-¶-hÀs¡-Ãm-a-dn-bmw.
3. 8. B[p\nI kb³knsâ Is¯epIfpsS ASnØm\w thZamsW¶pw, sshZnIÚm\§fn AhsbÃmw Kp]vXambn {]Xn]mZn¨n«ps¶pw Dff hmZ§sf F§s\ hnebncp¯p¶p?
Akw-_-Ôw, ASn-Øm-\-c-lnXw F¶-ÃmsX asäm¶pw ]d-bm-\n-Ã. tPymXnx-im-kv{Xw, KWn-Xw, sshZy-im- kv{Xw, kmt¦-Xn-I-hn-Úm-\nbw F¶o taJ-e-I-fn `mcXw \ÂInb al-¯mb kw`m-h-\-I-Ät]mepw ASn-kvYm-\-c-ln-X-amb Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-§-fm-sW¶ tXm¶Â iàn-s¸-Sp-¯mt\ Cu "ssh-Zn-IhnÚm- a-X-au-en-I-hmZw' D]-I-cn¡q F¶mWv Fsâ A`n-{]m-bw.
3. 9. thZ§fnte¡v aS§pI F¶ ]cnjvIcWmlzm\§Ä bYmÀ°¯n B[p\nIXmhncp² kmwkvImcnI ]n·S¡w Dt±in¨pffXmbncp¶ntÃ?
B[p-\n-I-`m-c-Xob\thm-Ym-\-\m-b-I-cn {]ap-J-\mb Zbm-\-µ-k-c-kz-Xn-bmWv Cu Blzm\w \S-¯n-b-Xv. PmXnhyh-Ø \nÀamÀP\w sN¿pI F¶ kmaq-ly-]-cn-jvI-c-W-am-bn-cp¶p At±-l-¯nsâ a\-ÊnÂ. NmXpÀhÀWy-hyhØ ]qÀW-ambn hnI-kn-¨p-h-¶n-«n-Ãm¯ BZn-a-th-Z-Im-e-L-«-s¯ amXr-I-bm-¡pI F¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p Blzm-\-¯nsâ e£yw. EtKz-Z-¯nsâ BZn-a-cq-]o-I-c-W-Im-e¯v CXm-bn-cp¶p \nesb¶v A¯cw thZ-`m-K-§-fnse kqN-\-IÄ sXfnhp Xcp-¶p-v. Hcn-S¯v {_mÒ-WÀ, £{Xn-bÀ F¶o cp hÀW-§-sf-¡p-dnt¨ ]cm-aÀi-ap-Åq. aäp Nnte-S-§-fn sshiy-sc-¡qSn ImWmw. iq{Z-]- cm-aÀita CÃ. (]n¡m-e-t¯-sX¶p Icp-X-s¸-Sp¶ ]¯mw aWvU-e-¯n-se ]pcp-j-kq-à-¯n-emWv Htc-sbmcp NmXpÀhÀWy]-cm-aÀi-ap-Å-Xv.)
F¶m Cu AÀY-¯n-sem-¶p-aà C¶s¯ lnµp-hÀKo-b-hm-Zn-I-fpsS "thZ-§-fn-te¡p aS-§pI' F¶ ap{Zm-hm-Iy-¯n-¶ÀYw. Zbm-\-µ-k-c-kzXn thZw ]Tn-¡p-Ibpw hymJym-\n-¡p-Ibpw AXnsâ \à aqey- §Ä ka-Im-enIkaq-ls¯ ]cnjvIcn-¡p-¶-Xn\v D]-tbmKs¸Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-I-bmWv e£yw sh¨- sX¦n Cu hÀKo-b-hm-Zn-IÄ {_mÒ-Wm-[n-]-Xy-¯n-epÅ PmXn-hy-h-Ø-sb¶ NmXpÀhÀWy-¯nsâ Zpjn¨ cq]w kaq-l-¯n ^mkn-Ìp-co-Xn-bn ASn-t¨-ev]n-¡p-I-bmWv Dt±-in-¡p-¶-Xv. Gä-hp-sam-Sp- hnÂ, temIawKoI-cn-¡p¶ tIc-f-¯nsâ A`n-am-\-`m-P-\-amb Fw. Sn. hmkp-tZ-h³ \mb-cpsSbpw Ia- ensâbpw t\À¡pÅ Ip½-\-¯n-sâbpw F. F³. cm[mIr-jvW-sâbpw aäp kwLn-I-fp-sSbpw Ak- F¶m Cu AÀY-¯n-sem-¶p-aà C¶s¯ lnµp-hÀKo-b-hm-Zn-I-fpsS "thZ-§-fn-te¡p aS-§pI' F¶ ap{Zm-hm-Iy-¯n-¶ÀYw. Zbm-\-µ-k-c-kzXn thZw ]Tn-¡p-Ibpw hymJym-\n-¡p-Ibpw AXnsâ \à aqey- §Ä ka-Im-enIkaq-ls¯ ]cnjvIcn-¡p-¶-Xn\v D]-tbmKs¸Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-I-bmWv kzman-Pn-bp- sS- D-t±-iy-sa-¦n Cu hÀKo-b-hm-Zn-IÄ {_mÒ-Wm-[n-]-Xy-¯n-epÅ PmXn-hy-h-Ø-sb¶ NmXpÀhÀWy- ¯nsâ Zpjn¨ cq]w kaq-l-¯n ^mkn-Ìp-co-Xn-bn ASn-t¨-ev]n-¡p-I-bmWv Dt±-in-¡p-¶-Xv. Gä-hp- sam-Sp-hnÂ, temIawKoI-cn-¡p¶ tIc-f-¯nsâ A`n-am-\-`m-P-\-amb Fw. Sn. hmkp-tZ-h³ \mb-cpsS t\À¡pÅ Ip½-\-¯n-sâbpw F. F³. cm[mIr-jvW-sâbpw aäp kwLn-I-fp-sSbpw Ak-ln-jvWp-Xm- [n-jvTn-X-amb Ipc-¨p-Nm«w Cu hÀKob^mknÌpIfpsS kmwkvIm-cn-I-cw-Ks¯ IpÕn-X-{]-tbm-K- §Äs¡m-cp-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv. t\m«nsâ t]cn tamUn Im«n-¡q-«nb ^mkn-Ìp-]-cn-jvI-c-W-s¯¯p-SÀ¶p- mb \m«-pIm-cpsS Zpcn-X-¯n Fw. Sn. ¡v A\p-tim-Nn-¡m³ Ip½-\-¯n-sâbpw Iq«-cp-sSbpw io«p hm§-W-sa-¶tà Cu tIm{]m-b-§Ä¡ÀYw?
3. 10. C´y³ hnÚm\w thZP\yhpw k¼qÀ®hpamsW¶ hmZw C´y³ kmwkvImcnIsshhn[ys¯ \ncmIcn¡p¶XtÃ?
XoÀ¨-bm-bpw. C´y³hn-Úm-\-¯n thZhpw DÄs¸-Sp-sa-¦nepw AXv thZ-P\ytam k¼qÀWtam AÃ. GsX-¦nepw hnÚm-\-¯n\v Fs¶-¦nepw k¼qÀWX ssIh-cn-¡m-\m-Iptam? CsXms¡ lnµp-hÀKo- b-hm-Zn-I-fpsS hnhc-t¡-Sp-sIm-pÅ shdpw Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-§Ä am{X-am-sW¶v Cu kw`m-j-W-¯n ]teS¯pw hyà-am-¡n-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Wv.
3. 11. `uXnIhmZw shSnªv temIw `mcXobamb "GImßam\hZÀi\']mXbneqsSbmWv apt¶m«pt]mtIsX¶ Zo³Zbm D]m[ymb t]mepffhcpsS hmZ§tfmSv F§s\ {]XnIcn¡p¶p?
Zo³ Zbm D]m-[ymbbpsS GIm-ß-am-\-h-ZÀi-\-s¯-¸än ap³t] Bsd-sÊ-Êm-Nm-cy-\mb ]n. ]c-ta-iz- c³ ]d-ªp-\-S-¶n-cp-¶p-sh-¶-ÃmsX AsX-´m-sW¶p P\-§Ä¡p a\-Ên-em-Ip¶ hn[-¯n hnh-cn- ¨p-Im-Wp-¶n-Ã. CubnsS hopw Cu hm¡p IqS-¡qsS tI«p-sh-¶-ÃmsX Imcy-amb hnh-c-W-sam¶pw In-Ã. C§s\ BÀ¡pw a\-Ê-nem-hm¯ Cu "s]mXn-bm-t¯§', `mc-Xo-b-am-hm-sa-¦n-epw, CXp hngp- §m³thn `uXn-I-hmZw Dt]-£n-¡m³ `uXn-I-hm-Zn-IÄ X¿m-dm-hp-sa¶v tXm¶p-¶n-Ã. 1. EtKzZw F¶ hm¡p¸¯nsb¡pdn¨pw hyXykvX§fmb k¦Â¸\§fpþ fptÃm?
EKv+thZx = EtKzZx. kwkvIr-X-¯n ]pÃnw-K-amb Cu -]Zw \mw ae-bm-f-¯n \]pw-k-I-cq-]-ambn EtKzZw F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. EtKz-Zw, bPpÀth-Zw, kma-thZw AYÀh-thZw F¶n-h-bm-W-tÃm- \mep thZ-§Ä. EIv{]-[m-\-amb thZw, bPpx {][m-\-amb thZw, kma-{]-[m-\-amb thZw, AYÀh-{]-[m-\-amb thZw F¶n-§s\ kam\coXn-bn Ch-bv¡v- AÀYw ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ, EtKz-Z-¯n\v kvXpXn-{]-[m- \-amb thZw F¶ÀYw In«pw. ‘EN kvXpXu’ F¶p [mXp. ‘ENv kvXpXn-bnÂ’ F¶ÀYw. EN- F-¶-Xnse AImcw C¯m-b-Xp-sImv AXn\p hne-bn-Ã. ‘CXv’ F¶Xv ]mWn-\n-bpsS Hcp kmt¦-Xn-I-]-Z-am-Wv. ENv F¶mWv [mXp-kz-cq-]w. EIvi_vZw NIm-cm´am-I-bm C§-s\-bmWv cq]w hcn-I. EIv þ ENu þ ENx F¶n-§s\ {]Y-am-hn-`-àn-bn GI-þ-Zzn-þ-_-lp-h-N-\-§Ä. EIvi_vZ-¯n\v ‘tZh- ·mÀ CXp-sImp kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p’ F¶ÀYw. ‘]m]-s¯ -\-in-¸n-¡p-¶Xv’ F¶p kma-¯n\pw ‘tZh-·mÀ CXp-sImv bPn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p’ F¶p- b-PpÊn\pw AÀYw. {Xbn F¶-Xp-sImv Cu aq¶p thZ-§sf AÀY-am-¡p-¶p. AYÀh-thZw ]n¶oSp thZ-§-fn s]Sp-¯n-b-Xm-Wv. a{´-§fpw B`n-Nm-c-§fpw DÄs¡m-Åp¶ CXnsâ CXnsâ IÀ¯mhv AYÀh\msW¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
2. EtKzZw t]mepff Hcp ]ucmWnI{KÙ¯n\v aebmf¯n \nehn hnkvXr Xamb hnhÀ¯\§Ä Dmbncns¡ C\nsbmcp hnhÀ¯\¯nsâ {]kàn sb´mWv?
]ucm-WnIw F¶-Xn\v ‘]gb’ Ft¶ AÀY-am-¡p-¶p-Åp-sh-¦n sXän-Ã. Asæn EtKz-Zs¯ thZ-{K-Ù-sa¶pXs¶ ]d-bp-¶-XmWv \Ã-Xv. ]ns¶, EtKz-Z-¯n\v ae- bm-f-¯n cp k¼qÀWhnhÀ¯-\-§tf CXp-hsc A¨-Sn-¨p-h-¶n-«p-Åq. Ah hÅ-t¯m-fn-sâbpw H. Fw. kn. \mcm-b-W³ \¼q-Xn-cn-¸m-Sn-tâ-Xp-am-Wv. AXn hÅ-t¯m-fntâXv KZy-¯nepw ]Zy-¯n-ep-am-bn-«m-Wv. ap¸Xmw hb-Ênte Dm-bn- cp¶ Xsâ tamlw Fgp-]-¯©mw hb-Ên km[n-¨p-sh¶p IrXmÀYX sImÅm- \p-Å- `mKyw At±-l-¯n-\p-mbn F¶-ÃmsX AXn¶v A{X henb {]m[m-\y- sam¶pw alm-Ihn Iev]n-¨n-«n-Ã. F¦nepw \s½Êw_Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw FXn\p \à {]m[m-\y-ap-v. BZy´w IhnXzw \nd-ªp-\n¡p¶ XÀP-a-bm-W-Xv. aqe- IrXn hmbn¨p Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯-W-sa-¶m-{K-l-ap-Å-hÀ¡pw A\z-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn EtKzZw ]Tn-¡-W-sa¶p Xmev]-cy-ap-Å-hÀ¡pw IqSn {]tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¶-XmWv H. Fw. kn. bpsS ]cn-`m-j.- km-bW`mjyw IqSn tNÀ¯v AXnsâ cX-\v¨p-cp¡w ae- bm-f-¯n Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I-bmWv At±lw sNbvX-Xv. `mjm-`mjyw F¶p hnti- ]WvUnX\mbncp¶p. FÃm ZÀi\§fpw A¶s¯ \nebv¡v A`ykn¨n«pv. Cu sslµh km{amPys¯ s]m¡n¡mWn¡pIbpw a[y-Im-e-am-Xr-I-bn-epÅ bÚ§sfbpw aäpw tIasa¶p Im«n AsXms¡ (bÚ§fpw aäpw) sNt¿XmsW¶p hcp¯n¯oÀ¡pI-bmWvv kmbW`mjyw sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXmbXv kmbW\v IrXyamb cmjv{Sobamb Dt±iyapmbn-cp-¶psh¶À°w. Cu `mjyamWv \¼qXncnamcpsS CSbn AÀ°w a\Ênem¡p¶hÀ Ct¸mgpw Ah-ew-_n-¡p-¶-Xv. Npcp-¡-¯n {ioi- ¦-c³ Ign-ªm AhÀ¡v kmb-W-\mWv ]c-a-{]m-am-Wn-I³.
Fs¶ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw EtKzZw C§s\bÃ. AXv H¶m´cw ImhyamWv; AXpsImv B Imhykuµcyw shfns¸Sp¯pI F¶pffXv Fsâ cN\bpsS H¶mas¯ Dt±iyamIp¶p. Imhykuµcyw shfns¸Sp¯pI F¶p]dªm ^e¯nÂ, aX\nct]£amhpI F¶p-X-s¶-bm-WÀYw. Cu bÚ§fpw aäpw hnh-cn-¡p¶ Hcp IrXnsb F§s\bmWv \ap¡v aX\nct]£am¡m\mhpI F¶ tNmZyw ChnsS DbÀ¶p-h-cmw. C¶pImWp¶ bÚaà A¶s¯ bÚw. G-Xmv Hcp aqhm-bn- c-¯-ªqdp sImÃw ap³s]-¦n-epÅ {]mNo-\-amb bÚw. AsXmcp Iq«mbvabmWv. F¶psh¨mÂ, A{X cq£-ambn ]men-¡-s¸-«p-Im-Wp-¶n-Ã. {_mÒ-WÀ¡pw £{Xn-bÀ¡p-amWv ]e-t¸mgpw ap³ ap³ssI F¶p ImWmw. Nne-t¸mÄ £{Xn-bÀ¡v taÂt¡mbva e`n-¨-Xmbpw ImWmw. C¶-s¯ -\n-ebv¡v thiysb¶p hne-bn-cp-¯m-hp¶ A]me Hcp kqà-¯nsâ Ejn-bm-Wv. EjnI F¶v kv{Xoenw- K-ambpw {]tbmKw ImWp-¶p-v. AhÄ Hcp XmW PmXn-¡m-cn-bm-sW-¶mWp tXm¶p-¶-Xv. ]t£, AhÄ thZ-¯nse FÃm-sa-Ãm-ab kÀhm-[n-I-ho-c-\m-b-I-\mb C{µsâ A-\p-{K-l-t¯msS, X\n¡p am{X-aÃ, AÑ\pw \m«p-ImÀ¡pw tcmK-hn-tam-N-\hpw sFiz-cyhpw ssIh-cp-¯p-¶p.
15 GXv Xcw cN\Ifnepw {]kvXpX Ime¯nsâ ASbmf§Ä DmIpatÃm! EtKzZ XÀÖa \S¯pt¼mÄ C¯c¯nepffXpw F¶m CXphsc tcJs¸Sp¯s¸«n«nà F¶p tXm¶n-bXp amb GsX¦nepw Ncn{XhkvXpXIÄ t_m[ys¸SpIbpmtbm?
A§-s\-bpÅ [mcmfw kµÀ`-§-fp-m-bn-«p-v. H¶v, NmXpÀhÀWy-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ Imcy-§Ä. asäm¶v C{µ³, hr{X³,- Aán, hcp-W³, acp-¯p-¡Ä apX-embn Hcn-¡epw ad-¡m-\m-hm¯ IYm-]m-{X- §Ä. Ch-cn C{µ³ tZh-\mWv. tZh-·mÀ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡pw Hcp-t]mse D]-Imcw sN¿p¶ _lp-Im-cy-hy-{K³. Ah³ bp²w sN¿p-¶-Xp-t]mepw ]e-t¸mgpw tZh-Im-cy-¯nt\m a\p-jy-Im- cy-¯nt\m BWv. hr{X-h-[-amWv hnkvX-cn¨pw Npcp-¡nbpw ]e h«w -B-hÀ¯n¨p hcp¶ C{µsâ hoc-Ir-Xyw. hr{X³ ]m¼m-Wv. ]ms¼¶m \nÊm-c-amb ]ms¼m-¶p-a-Ã. ]Àh-X-¯n Npä-¸n- Wªv shÅ-¯nsâ Hgp¡p XSª P\-t{Zm-ln. hr{Xm-kp-c-s\-¶m-W-tÃm- A-h³ ]n¡m- e¯p {]kn-²-\m-b-Xv. `b-¦-c-amb bp²-¯n Ahs\ sIm¶v shÅw tXmSp-IÄhgn Nmep-Iodn Irjn-¡mÀ¡v D]-Imcw sNbvX hoc-km-l-kn-I-\m-bItZh-\mWv C{µ³. Aán Xobm-Wv. Ah³ EtKz-Z-¯nse Hcp apJy-tZ-h-\m-Wv. kzÀK-¯n-em-bn-cp¶ Aánsb tZh-·mÀ a\p-jyÀ¡n-S-bn-te- ¡-b-¨p. a\p-jy-cm-WtÃm bÚw sN¿p-¶-Xv. bÚ-l-hnÊv tZh-·mÀ¡v F¯n-¡p¶ ZqX- \mWv Aán.- Htc kabw tZh\pw a\p-jy-\p-amWv Aán F¶p ]d-bmw. hcp-W³ \nb-a-§-Ä sXän-¡p-¶-hsc in£n-¡p¶ [mÀanItZh-\mWv. shÅ-hp-ambn _Ô-ap-s-¦nepw ]pcm-W-§- fnse Pe-tZ-h-\mb hcp-W-s\¶ k-¦ev]w thZ-¯n-en-Ã. acp-¯p-¡Ä Hcp Iq«w tZh-·m-cm-Wv. sImSp-¦m-sä-¶ÀYw. a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-¯n\v Gähpw D]-Imcw sN¿p¶ tZh-·mÀ. ag s]¿n-¡p- ¶Xpw Imä-Sn-¡p-¶XpsaÃmw \ap-¡m-h-iy-am-W-tÃm. AhÀ Ft¸mgpw bm{X sN¿p-¶p. C§s\ t\m¡p-t¼mÄ Pohn-X-bm-YmÀYy-§-fpsS kzm`n-Ihpw Imev]-\n-I-hp-sam-s¡-bmb Bhn-jvIm-c- §ÄX-s¶-bmWv FÃm kmln-Xy-kr-jvSn-I-sf-bpw-t]mse A]u-cp-tj-b-sa¶p tLmjn-¡-s¸- Sp¶ thZ-§-fp-sa¶p hyà-am-Ipw.
16. EtKz-Z-¯nse DÅ-S¡w Npcp-¡n-¸-d-ªp-X-cmtam? hfsc hen-sbmcp IrXn-bm-b-Xp-sImv DÅ-S¡w F{X Npcp-¡n-¸-d-ªmepw hep-Xm-bn-t¸mIpw; F¶mepw apgp-h-\m-hp-I-bp-an-Ã. F¦nepw {ian-¨p-t\m-¡mw. Hmtcm aWvUe-¯n-sebpw DÅ-S¡w kw£n-]vX-ambn ]d-ª-Xn-\p-tijw AXnse Xnc-sª-Sp¯ kqà-§Ä D²-cn-¡mw. EtKz-Z-¯n ]¯p aWvU-e-§-fm-Wp-Å-Xv. H¶m-a-s¯bpw ]¯m-a-s¯bpw aWvU-e-§Ä Gähpw hen-b-h. 191 kqà-§Ä hoX-amWv Ah-bn-ep-Å-Xv. H¶mw aWvU-e-¯nse 191 kqà-§-fn a[p- Ñ-µkv sshizm-an-{Xsâ BZys¯ ]¯p- kqàw bÚm-ánsb hÀWn-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ kqà- ¯n C{µsâ hr{X-h-[m-Zn-ho-c-IÀa-§-fm-Wv. ImWz- ta-[m-Xn-Yn-bpsS 12-þ23 kqà-§Ä hnhn-[- tZ-h-X-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. {_Ò-W-kv]-Xn, khn-Xm-hv, E`p-¡Ä XpS-§nb tZh-·m-sc-¸-än- bpÅ Cu kqà-§-fn an¡Xpw Kmb-{Xo-h-r¯-¯n-em-Wv. B{]o-kq-à-§-sf¶ t]cn Adn- b-s¸-Sp¶hbpw hnhn-[-cq-]-§-fn hcp¶ Aán-bpsS kvXpXn-I-fp-amb kqà-§-fn BZy-t¯Xv 13-þmw kqà-am-Wv. ]Xn-s\«mw kqà-¯n _rl-kv]Xn apX-em-b-h-sc-t¸mse Z£n-Wbpw tZh- X-bm-Wv. AXm-bXv B kqà-¯nse A©mw ]Zyw Z£n-W-bv¡mWv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. E`p- ¡-sf-¸-än-bmWv Ccp-]Xmw kqàw. Ic-Iu-i-e-hn-Z-Kv[-cmb E`p-¡Ä BZyw- a-\p-jy-cm-bn-cp-¶p. hnkva-b-I-c-amb X§-fpsS {]hr¯n-IÄ sImv AhÀ tZhXzw t\Sn-sb¶v Cu kqà-¯n ]d-bp-¶p. ImWz ta[m-Xn-Yn-bpsS 22þ-mw kqàw Aizn-IÄ, Aán, khn-Xm-hv, hnjvWp F¶o tZh-·m-tcm-sSm¸w C{µm-Wn, hcp-Wm-\n, Aám-bn, `qan F¶o tZhnam-sc-¡qSn kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. H¶mw aWvU-e-¯nse 24 apX 30 hsc kqà-§Ä ip\x-ti-]- (þ‘ti-^’ F¶pw ]mT-ap-v) BPo- KÀ¯n-bptSXv. Cu kqà-§-fnse ]Zy-§Ä apgp-h³ sNmÃn-¯oÀ¶-t¸mÄ Ah³ hcp-W-]m-i- ¯nÂ\n¶p apà-\mbn F¶mWv IY. Ch³ Xsâ-Xs¶ IY ]d-bp-¶p. hcp-Wsâ in£m-hn-[n- sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Nne kqN-\-IÄ ChnsS ImWmw. 28-þmw kqàw bP-am-\\pw ]Xv\nbpw IqSn Dcepw De-¡-bp-apÄs¸sS D]-tbm-Kn-¨p-sImv bÚw sN¿p-¶-Xmbn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. bP-am-\³ am{Xw sNbvXp-t]m¶ bÚ-¯n ]Xv\n IqSn ]s¦-Sp¡p-¶Xv bÚ-hn-[n-I-fnse Hcp ]ptcm-K- a-\-L-«-ambn \nco-£n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. lnc-Wy-kvXq] BwKn-c-ksâ 30-þ35 kqà-§Ä hr{X-h-[- ¯nsâ khn-kvX-c-hn-h-c-W-apÄs¡m-Åp¶ 31-þ32 kqà-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 32-þmw kqàw 31-þ- sâ-b{X {]kn-²-a-sÃ-¦nepw A{X-X-s¶ -{]-kn-²-am-tI--Xm-Wv. GI-]-£o-b-amb bp²-¯n hr{Xs\ sIm¶-Xn-\p-tijw Ahsâ A½ Zm\p-shbpw sImÃp-¶p. AXnse Ah-km-\-]Zyw Cµ³ cmPm-hmbn hmgv¯-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-Wv. 34þse BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä Aizn-tZ-h-·m-cp-sS -k- hn-ti-j-amb tXcnsâ aq¶v F¶ kwJy-bpsS BhÀ¯-\-apÄs¡m-Åp¶ hÀW-\-a-t{X. ASp¯ F«p kqà-§Ä (1. 36-þ43) IWz- Lu-c-tâ-Xm-Wv. IWz-hwiw Cu ]c-¼-c-bn CS-bv¡nsS hcp-¶p-v. ap¸-¯mdmw kqàw kap-Zm-b-tKm-{Xm-ánsb {]IoÀ¯n-¡p¶ ssk\n-I{]-[m-\-am-b H¶m-Ip-¶p. Cu kam-lm-c-¯n C{µ-kq-à-§-fn-sÃ-¶Xv Hcp {]tXy-I-X-bm-Ip-¶p. ]t£, aq¶p kqà-§Ä (1. 37-þ39) C{µsâ kl-N-c-cmb acp-¯p-¡Ä¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-h-b-t{X. 1. 40 BI-s«, {_Ò-W-kv]-Xn-¡p-Å-Xpw. C{µs\ {_Ò-W-kv]-Xn-bp-ambn XmZm-ßy-I-cWw sNbvXn-«p-Å-Xmbn ImWmw. Cu kqà-§-fp-sS- ssien s]mXp-hn Ak-¦oÀWhpw k´p-en-X-hp-am-Ip-¶p. 41-þmw kqàw BZn-Xy-·m-sc- kvXp-Xn-¡p-¶Xv. tZh- ·msc hn[ym-ß-I-ambn kvXpXn-¡p-I-bmWp th-sX¶v CXp hyà-am-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ kqàw ]qjm- hn\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. cp{Z\pw an{X\pw tkma\pw tZh-X-I-fmb ASp¯ kqà-¯n cp{Zs\ XnI¨pw kuay-`m-h-¯n Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ kqà-k-am-lmcw (1. 44-þ50) {]kvIWz IWz-tâ- Xm-Wv. Ch-sbÃmw {]mX-c-\p-hm-I-¯nsâ khn-ti-j-X-I-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶-h-bm-Ip-¶p. {]kvI-Wz-I-Wz- kq-à-§Ä {]mXx-Im-e-{]-Im-i-I\pw {]`m-X-tZ-h-X-I-fmb Aizn-IÄ, Dj-Êv, DZ-b-kq-cy³ F¶n-h-sc - sIm-p-h-cp-¶-h-\p-amb Aán-¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-h-b-t{X. A³]Xmw kqàw aª-¸n-¯-¯n-\pÅ NnInÕbpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. khy AwKn-c-k-sâ- A-Sp¯ Ggp kqà-§Ä C{µ-sâ- ho-c-IÀa-§-sf-¸-än. A³]-¯©mw kqàw C{µ³ bp²-¯nepw kam-[m-\-¯nepw Xsâ IrXy-§Ä \nÀh-ln-¡p-¶-Xmbn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. h{X-I-Y-tbmsS Cu kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. A¼-¯m-dn Cu hoc-IÀa-§Ä sN¿m³ C{µ\p {]tNm-ZIw tkma-am-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. ASp¯ Ggp kqà-§Ä (1. 58-þ64) t\m[kv KuXasâ t]cn Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. t\m[-Ênsâ C{µ-kq-à-§Ä (1. 61-þ63) {]i-kvX-§-f-t{X. Adp-]Xmw kqà- ¯n Aán-bpsS Cc-«-h-i-§Ä H¶n-¨p-tNÀ¯n-cn-¡p-¶p: a\p-jy-hÀK-¯nse ]qÀhn-IÀ bÚ-¯n \S-¯nb Aán-bpsS BZn-a-{]-Xn-jvTbpw ka-Im-en-I-b-Ú-¯n \S-¡p¶ Aán-bpsS ]p\x-{]-Xn-jvT- bpw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n amX-cn-izmhv BZyw kzÀK-¯nÂ\n¶v Aánsb A]-l-cn-¡p-Ibpw `rKp-hn\p \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. bÚ-¯n Aán-bpsS Cc-«-¸¦pw ChnsS hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ ]ptcm-ln-X- \mbpw a\p-jy-]p-tcm-ln-X-cpsS bÚ-¯nse hnj-b-ambpw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. 2þ Aán-]p-tcm-ln-X- ·mÀ Ah\p lhn-ÊÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. 4þ Aán-]p-tcm-ln-X-\mbpw tlmXm-hmbpw {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. t\m[Ênsâ aq¶v C{µ-kq-à-§Ä Hcp bÚ-k-µÀ`w ]¦p-sh-¡p¶p: 1. 61. 16, 1. 62. 13, 1. 63. 9 F¶nh aq¶pw, bÚw ]qÀ¯n-bm-bn C{µ³ kzÀK-¯n-te¡p Xncn-¨pt]mIp-t¼mÄ CW-¡p-Xn-c-Isf \pI- ¯n sI«th ""lmcn-tbm-P\''lhnÊn\p-thn cNn-¡-s¸-«-h-bt{X. ASp-¯Xv -a-t\m-l-c-am-sbmcp acpÕqà-a-t{X. ASp¯ H³]Xp kqà-§Ä (1. 65-þ73) ]cm-ic iày-tâXpw Aán-¡p-am-{X-ambn kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. BZy-s¯ -B-sd®w (65-þ70) A]qÀh-amb Zzn]Z hncmUv hr¯-¯nepw _m¡n aqs¶®w {XnjvSp-¸n-ep-am-Wv. hr¯-¯n hyXymk-ap-s-¦nepw hmN-I-ssi-en, coXn, {]tabw F¶n-h-bn-seÃmw Ahbv¡v sFI-cq-]y-ap-v. Gsd-¡p-sd -hm-e-Jn-ey-co-Xn-bn-epÅ [mcmfw CW-kq-à- §Ä, {]tXy-In¨v 65-þ66, 68-þ69, Dv. Gähpw {][m-\-s¸« Ch-bpsS {]tabw a\p-jycpw tZh-·mcpw Gsä-Sp¯ {]hr-¯n-I-fpsS B{i-bhpw e£y-hp-w A§-s\-bp-m-¡p¶ sFIy-¯nsâ {]Xn-\n-[n- bpsa¶ \ne-bv¡pÅ Aán-bpsS [Àa-am-Wv. 71-þmw kqàw ]cm-i-c-kq-à-§-fn-se- B-Zys¯ {XnjvSp]vkqà-amWv. Ac-Wn-t¡m-ep-I-fn ssIhn-c-ep-IÄ Nen-¸n-¨p-sIm-pÅ AánaY-\-¯nsâ ssewKn-I-¨p-h-bpÅ hÀW-\-t¯m-Sp-IqSn H¶mw ]Zyw XpS-§p-¶p. cmw ]Zyw he-Kpl Xpd-¡p-¶- Xn AwKn-c-Êp-IÄ¡pÅ ]¦v Hcphn[w EPp-hmbn kw{Kln¡p-¶p. 5, 8 ]Zy-§-fn-emWv ]ns¶ Gähpw \mS-Io-b-ambn ]pcm-hr¯w IS-¶p-h-cp-¶-Xv þ kzÀKw aIsf _em-ÕwKw sN¿p¶ IY. hnti-jn-¨v, Ipäw sNbvX-h\v ]I ho«p-¶-h³ \ÂIp¶ in£. Aán-bmWv AXp sN¿p-¶-sX¶p hyàw. AwKn-c- Êp-I-fpsS P\\w Cu _em-Õw-K-¯m-em-sW-¶-Xp-sImv Cu ]pcm-hr¯w Aán¡pw Kpl Xpd-¶-Xn- s\-¯p-SÀ¶pÅ AwKn-c-Ênsâ ]Zy-¯n\pw (2) Hcpt]mse tNcpw. amX-cn-izm-hnsâ Aáy-]-l-c-W- amWv (4) asämcp ]pcm-hr-¯-kq-N-\. tZh-·mÀ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡p-an-S-bn 3, 4, 7 ]Zy-§-fn ImWp¶hn[- apÅ Aán-bpsS CS-s]-S-ep-Ifpambn CXn\p _Ô-ap-v. CtX ]Zy-¯n kqcy³ {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶Xv \s½ cmw ]Zy-¯n-te¡p Xncn-¨p-sIm-p-t]m-Ip-¶p. 3, 6, 7 ]Zy-§-fn bÚ-]-c-amb Imcy-§-fm-Wv. \jvS-s¸« Aánsb tZh-·mÀ At\z-jn-¡p-¶Xpw hos-Sp-¡p-¶Xpw bÚm-án-bmbn ]p\x-{]-Xn-jvTn- ¡p-¶Xpamb ]pcm-hr-¯-amWv {][m-\-hn-j-bw. ]cm-i-c-sâ-Xs¶ ASp¯ kqàw (72) \jvS-s¸« Aánsb tZh-·mÀ At\z-jn-¡p-¶Xpw hos-Sp-¡p-¶Xpw bÚm-án-bmbn ]p\x-{]-Xn-jvTn-¡p-¶Xpamb ]pcm-hr-¯-w {][m-\-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. kca ]ip-s¯m-gp¯p Is-¯p-¶Xpw hntam-Nn-¸n-¡p- ¶Xpw Aán-bpsS Is-¯-en\pw hos-Sp-¸n\pw kam-´-c-ambn hcp-¶p. AZn-Xn-sbbpw Ah-cpsS a¡-fmb BZn-Xy-·m-scbpw ]£n ape-Ip-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-sâ ]cm-aÀi-ap-v. Xm\q-\-]v{X]pcm-hr-¯-¯n tZh-·m-cpsS ico-c-§-fpsS kwbp-à-\n-t£-]-¯n-\p-thn Cu kqà-¯n Aán-bpsS Nn{Xo-I-cWw sshizm-\-cm-án-bpsS ZÀ¸-Whpw ]qc-I-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-bp-am-Ip-¶p. CXn\p Npäp-amWv FÃm tKm{X- §fpw AWn-\n-c-¡p-¶-Xv. 73-þmw kqà-¯n 65-þ66 kqà-§sf A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-amdv D]-am-km-{µ-amb BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä bÚ-`q-an-bnse bÚmán-bpsS hÀW-\-a-t{X. kqà-¯nse aäp `mK-§Ä a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw bÚ-h-kvXp-hmb Aán-bn tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. Aán km[-\-§fpsS hnX-cWhpw ]p\ÀhnX-c-Whpw \nÀh-ln-¡p¶p; tZh-·mÀ¡pw c£n-Xm-¡Ä¡pw Ihn-IÄ¡p-an-S-bn tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-¡p¶p. tZh-·mcpw a\p-jycpw _lp-am-\-]qÀhw H¶m-bn-¯oÀ¶v Hcp-an-¨pÅ Aán- kw-_-Ô-amb {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn-teÀs¸-Sp¶ sshizm-\-cm-án-bp-sSbpw Xm\q-\-]v{X-IÀa-¯n-sâbpw hyà- amb ]cm-aÀi-an-sÃ-¦nepw tZh-·m-cpw a\p-jy-cpw cp-Iq-«-cpambpÅ ]c-kv]-c-_Ôw kqà-¯n Nn{Xo-I-cn-¨n-«p-v. Aán-bpsS ap³]n Cu kwL-§-sfÃmw ka-·m-c-t{X. tKmXa cmlq-K-Wsâ Ccp-]- Xp- kq-à-§-fm-Wn\n. t\m-[kv tKmX-a-sâ- A-Ñt\m ]qÀhn-It\m Bhmw cmlq-K-W³. AÑsâ Imhy- Kp-W-§Ä aIsâ Aán-kq-à-§-fntem (1. 74-þ79) hniz-tZ-h-kq-à-§-fntem (1. 89-þ90) ImWm-\n-sÃ- ¦nepw aäp tZh-·m-cp-sS kqà-§-fnÂ, hnti-jn¨v acp-Õq-à-§-fnepw (85-þ88) Dj-Êq-à-§-fnepw hyà- am-Wv. 74-þmw kqà-¯n Aán `à-t\mSp ImWn-¡p¶ B\p-Iq-ey-amWv {]ta-bw. 79-þ BZy-JWvUw Aán-bpsS hnhn-[-cq-]-§Ä hc-¨p-sImp XpS-§p-¶p. Aánsb kqcy-\mbpw an¶-embpw {]`m-X- ¯n Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ bÚm-án-bmbpw hÀWn-¡p-¶p. bÚmánsb sImSp-¦m-än-t\mSp kmZy-iy- s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw HSp-hn XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXn-sâ- ^-e-amb ag Aán-X-s¶-bm-Wv. an¶-ensâ an¶n-a-d-b-ep-IÄ Aán-Pzm-e-I-fmbn hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ap{I-bn-Sp¶ Imf Ae-dp¶ Aán-Xs¶.- ]d-¡p¶ aqSÂaªpw CSn-ap-g-¡p¶ taL-§fpw Ae-X-Ãp¶ ]pI-bm-Ip-¶p. {][m-\-s¸« BZn-Xy- ·mcpw Imäpw taL-§sf ag-bm¡n amäp-¶-Xn CS-s]-Sp-¶p. Ah-km-\-J-WvU-¯n Ihn tKmX-a³ Aán¡p kqà-aÀ¸n-¡m³ kzbw DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. c£-Êp-Isf AIse amän-\nÀ¯m³ Aán- tbm-S-t]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 80þmw kqàw C{µ-hr-{X-IYXs¶-bmWp ssIImcyw sN¿p-¶-Xv. C{µ- t\m-sSm¸w h{Phpw hr{X-h-[-¯n ]¦m-fn-bm-Wv. ]e-cp-sSbpw klm-b-¯m-emWv C{µ³ hr{X-h[w km[n-¨-sX¶p Xmev]-cyw. C{µsâ A[n-Im-c-i-ànbpw Icp-¯p-amWv 81-þmw kqà-¯nsâ {]ta-bw. bÚ-¯n-te¡p h¶ C{µ³ kzÀK-¯n-te¡p Xncn-¨p-t]m-Ip-t¼mÄ Xsâ cp ]nwK-e-¡p-Xn-c-Isf \pI-¯n sI«p¶ NS-§n AÀ¸n-¡p¶ lhn-ÊmWv lmcnt-bm-P-\w. AXn-\p-thn cNn-¡-s¸« kqà-am-Wv ASp-¯-Xv. kqàw 84 tKmXa cmlq-K-Wsâ ZoÀL-am-sbmcp C{µ-kq-à-a-t{X. A\p-jvSp¸phr-¯¯n-epÅ BZy- s¯ -Bdp ]Zy-§Ä C{µs\ bÚ-¯n\p hcm³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. DjvWn-¡p-hr-¯¯n- epÅXmWv ASp¯ XrNw (7-þ9). \à bP-am-\\pw AÃm-¯-h\pw X½n-epÅ sshcp-[y-amWv ChnsS {]ta-bw. ASp¯ XrNw (10-þ12) ]wàn-hr-¯¯nÂ. ]ngn-sª-Sp¯ tkma-¯n ]m IeÀ¯p-¶-Xm-Wn-hnsS cq]-Im-ß-I-]-Z-§-fn hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]me-cp--hn-IÄ t]m¯p-]-ip-¡-ft{X! Kmb-{Xn-bn-epÅ ASp¯ XrN-¯n (13-þ15) Z[y-§n-sâ-bpw- Ip-Xn-c-¯-e-bp-sSbpw ]pcm-hr¯w ssIImcyw sN¿p-¶p. XzjvSmhpw Cu ]pcm-hr-¯-¯n hcpw. Ah-km-\s¯ XrNw (16-þ18) apgp-h³ bÚ-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« DXvIWvT \ndª tNmZy-§-fm-Wv. tami-ambn s]cp-am-dp¶ ]ip-¡sf sI«m\pw Ahsb Ct§m«p sImp-h-cm\pw Ign-bp-¶Xv BÀ¡mWv? C{µsâ AkvXn- Xzw-Xs¶ tNmZyw sNbvXn-cn-¡-bmWv ASp¯ ]Zy-¯nÂ. Xm³ bÚw sN¿p¶ tZh-·msc kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw Xsâ ]Z-hn-sb-´m-sW¶v bP-am-\³ kwi-bn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (19-þ20) kzX-{´-am-sbmcp {]Km-Y-a-t{X. ap³]p-¶-bn¨ kwi-b-§Ä ian-¸n-¡p-Ibm-Wn- hnsS: C{µ³ kzbw bP-am-\s\ kvXpXn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-t\mSp Zb Im«p-Ibpw Ah\p klm- bhpw km[-\-§fpw \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Nne kwK-Xn-I-fn tkma-b-Ú-¯nsâ ]ptcm-KXn ChnsS Zriy-am-Ip-¶p þ \na-{´Ww (1-þ6), icn-bmbn A\p-jvTn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ bÚhpw A\p-Zm-c- cmb a\p-jycpw X½n-epÅ sshcp[yw (7-þ9), icn-bmbn tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡Â (10-þ12), bÚ-`q-an- bn k¶n-ln-X-\mb C{µsâ hoc-Ir-Xy-§Ä A\p-kva-cn-¨p-sIm-pÅ kvXpXn (13-þ15), bÚ- iànsb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kwi-b-§Ä (16-þ18), Ah-bv¡pÅ kam-[m-\hpw tZhm-\p-Iq-eyhpw (19-þ20). 85þm-a-t¯Xv acp-Õq-à-am-Wv. acp-Õq-à-§Äs¡mcp amXr-I F¶p ]d-bmw. Ah-cpsS kuµ-cyhpw Ae-¦m-c-§fpw bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ Ah-cpsS \nb-a-hn-cp-²-amb bm{Xbpw AhÀ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ sImSp-¦mäpw Ah-cpsS AÑ-\-½-amcpw (A-ѳ cp{Z³, A½ ]riv\n) Ah-cpsS `b-¦-c-am-b -i-ànbpw ChnsS hÀWn-¡p-¶p. sNdnb ]mTm-´-c-§-tfm-sS Hcp ]Zy-¯nse Nne `mK-§Ä ASp¯ ]Zy-¯n BhÀ¯n-¡pI F¶, GXmv a[y-Im-e-a-Wn-{]-hm-f-km-ln-Xy-¯nse A´m-Zn-{]mkw t]mepÅ ssieo- k-hn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Cu kqà-¯n ImWmw. 86-þ88 kqà-§-fpw -a-cp-¯p-¡-sf-¸-än-¯-s¶. bÚw sN¿p-¶-h\p e`n-¡p¶ t\«-§Ä 87-þepw CSnbpw an¶epw agbpw AI-¼Sn tkhn-¨p-sIm-pÅ acp- ¯p-¡-fpsS IqSp-X kvt^mS-\m-ß-I-amb ]Xn-hp-h-\-bm{X 88-þepw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.-I-hn-bmb tKmXa cmlq-K-W³ X\n¡p acp-¯p-¡-fp-am-bpÅ _Ôw Iq«-¯n kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
89-þ90 kqà-§Ä hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ kqàw tkma-¶mWv kaÀ¸n-¡- s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-sX-¦nepw tkmas\ ]e tZh-·m-cp-ambpw kmZr-iy-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-sImv Hcp Xcw hntiztZ-h-kq-à-{]-XoXn CXn\p ssIh-¶n-«p-v. 92-þmw kqàw Aizn-IÄ¡pw Dj-Ên\pw kaÀ¸n-¡- s¸-«-Xv. 93-þmw kqàw bÚ-tZ-h-X-I-fpsS kmc-kÀh-kz-amb Aán-bv¡pw -tkm-a¶pw -Hcp-an¨v hyà- ambn kaÀ¸n-¡p¶ EtKz-Z-¯nse Htc-sbmcp kqà-sa¶ \ne-bn {it²-b-am-Wv.
ASp¯ 22 kqà-§-fn (94-þ115) `qcn-]-£hpw IpÕ BwKn-c-k-tâ-sX¶v A\p-{I-aWn ]d-bp-¶p. 99-þ100 apX-em-bh t]mepÅ NneXv aäp-Å-h-cpsS t]cn-em-sW-¦nepw ]Ã-hn-bn IpÕsâ t]cp-Å-Xn-\m kam-lm-c- ¯nsâ sFIyw \ne-\n¡p-¶p. Aán-kq-à-§Ä (94-þ99) Hmtcm¶pw hnhn-[§fmb Aán-cq-]-§Ä¡p kaÀ¸n- ¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶v As©®w C{µ\pw aq¶v hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡pw ]e-hI tZh-·mÀ¡pw kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu kam-lm-c-¯nse FÃm kqà-§fpw DbÀ¶ Imhy-`w-Knbpw inev]-Nm-cp-Xbpw DÅ-h-bm-sW-¦nepw 104 (C- {µ³), 105 (hn-tiz-tZ-h-·mÀ), DjÊv (113) F¶nh khn-tijw ]cm-aÀi-\o-b-am-Ip-¶p. 1. 140-þ164 kqà-§-fpsS Ihnbmb ZoÀL-X-a-Ênsâ ]p{X-\mb ssZÀLy-X-a-k -I-£o-hm-\mWv C\n hcp¶ 11 kqà-§-fpsS Ihn. Zmkn-bmb Din-¡nsâ ]p{X-\mWv (Hu-in-P³) I£o-hm³ F¶v kmb-W³ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. EtKz-Z- ¯n-se- G-ähpw \à Ihn-I-fn Hcm-fmWv I£o-hm³ ssZÀLy-X-a-k³. A©v Aizn-kq-à-§fpw (116-þ120) cv Djx-kq-à-§fpw (123-þ124) I£o-hm-sâ- -h-I-bmbn Adn-b-s¸-«n-«p-v. 125-þmw kqàw k\-bsâ Zm\-kvXp- Xnbpw ASp-¯Xv I£o-hm³, `mh-b-hy³, tcmai F¶ {_Ò-hm-Zn\n F¶n-h-cpsS kqà-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Zm\w AYhm `mh-b-hy\pw tcmibpw BWv Cu kqà-¯nsâ tZh-X. CXv I£o-hmsâ Zm\-kvXpXn F¶pw Adn-b- s¸-Sp-¶p. 1. 127þ139 kqà-§Ä ]cp-tÑ] ssZthm-ZmknbptSXm-Wv. Cu Ihn¡v Gähpw {]nb-s¸« hr¯w ZoÀLhpw hn]p-e-hp-amb AXy-jvSn-bmWv. ]cp-tÑ-]sâ ]Zm-h-enbpw Ipd-s¨m-s¡- A-km-[m-c-W-a-t{X. tÇjm-Zy-e-¦m-c-]qÀW- amWv 127-þmw kqàw. CXv Aánsb bÚm-án-cq-]-¯nepw `uXn-I-cq-]-¯nepw kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. bÚmán \nÀZ- b-am-sW-¶mWv 128-þmw kqà-¯nsâ tI{µm-ibw. AXv Hcn-¡epw bÚ-`q-an-bnse `uXn-I-amb Aán-Øm-\- ¯p-\n¶v hn«p-\n¡p-I-bn-Ã. 129-þmw kqà-¯n-sâ -cmw `mK-¯n \·, km[-\-§Ä F¶nh-bpsS ]Z-eo-e- bn Ihn A`n-c-an-¡p-¶p-. kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv ]cn-Nn-Xhpw hn[ym-ß-I-hp-amb {]ta-b-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. X§-fpsS bYmÀY-cYs¯bpw em£-Wn-I-cY-am-b -b-Ú-s¯bpw hnP-b-a-Õ-c-k-½m-\-§-fn klm- bn-¡m³ C{µs\ hnfn-¡p¶p. bp²-¯nse FXn-cm-fn-Isfbpw i{Xp-¡sfbpw am{X-a-Ã, c£-Êp-Isfbpw ZpÝn-´-Isfbpw ZpÀhm-¡p-Isfbpw Ah³ Hgn-hm-¡-W-sa-¶m-{K-ln-¡p-¶p. ZpÝn´ hr¯n-sI« s]®mbn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. BÝ-cy-sa¶p ]d-b-s«, C{µ³Xs¶ kvtXmXm-¡-fmb \s½ _m[n-¡m-hp¶ ZpÝn-´- bm-Ip-¶p. \à km[-\-§Ä \ÂIn Ah-sb-¸än Nn´n-¡m³ Ah\p kuIcyw \ÂIp-I-bmWv AXn\p {]Xn-hn-[n. kqàm-h-km-\-¯n Ch-bnÂ\n-s¶Ãmw \s½ c£n-¡m³ C{µ³ IqSp-X ià-\mbn hf- cs« F¶v Biw-kn-¨p-sImv Ahs\ hnfn-¡p-¶p. 130-þmw kqà-¯n BZyw C{µs\ tkmaw IpSn-¡m³ bÚ-¯n-te¡p £Wn-¡p-¶p. F¶m Cu bÚ-bm{X C{µsâ al-¯mb hoc-IÀa-§-fn-te¡v Hm«-{]-Z- £nWw \S-¯m³ hgn-sbm-cp-¡p-¶p. he-I-Y, hr{X-h-[w, a\p-jycpw sFXn-ly-]p-cp-j-cp-amb ]e i{Xp-¡tfmSp- apÅ bp²w F¶n-h-sb-¸-än-bp-w kqcysâ tXÀ¨{Iw tamjvSn-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¸-än-bpw Di-\-Ênsâ CS-s]-S-en-s\-¸-än- bpapÅ i-cn¡pw Xpf-¨p-I-b-dp¶ H³]Xp ]Zy-§Ä. kqàm-´y-]Zyw Ihn-bpsS C{µ-kvXp-Xn-bXv\-§Ä kw{K- ln-¡p-¶p. ]pcm-hr-¯-§-fn-epÅ Du¶Â Cu kqàs¯ C{µ-s\-¡p-dn-¨p-X-s¶-bpÅ ap³kqà¯nÂ\n¶p thÀXn-cn-¡p-¶p. kqàw 131þsâ XpS-¡-¯n FÃm {]]-©-i-àn-Ifpw, a\p-jyÀ \Â-Inb A\p-k-c-Wbpw BZ-chpw {]am-Wn¨v C{µ\p H¶mw Øm\w \ÂIm³ Btem-Nn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, DSs\ hnhn-[-hn-`mKw P\-§Ä Ahs\ X§-fpsS ]£-¯m-¡m³ {ian-¡p-¶-Xn-\m Ah-s\-s¨mÃn hnhmZ-ap-s¶pw hyàam-bn. XpSÀ¶v Cu hnhmZw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p¶p. ]n¶oSv C{µ-sâ-Xs¶ Nmbvhv hyà-am-bn-¯o-cp¶p: Ah³ ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-scbpw bP-am-\-·m-scbpw klm-bn-¡p-Ibpw bÚ-an-Ãm-¯-hsc B«n-¸m-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. X§Ä C{µ\p bÚa\p-jvTn-¡p-I hgn Ahsâ {i²-bm-IÀjn-¡p-Ibpw X§fpsS i{Xp-¡Ä¡pw ZpÝn-´-IÀ¡p-sa-Xnsc Ahsâ klmbw tXSp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ASp¯ lzkz-kqàw ka-Im-en-I-amb bÚs¯ DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn- ¡p¶p. hÀ¯-am-\-Im-e-s¯bpw `qX-Im-e-s¯bpw sshcp[yw hc-¨p-Im-Wn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-¡p¶p. ]Xn-hp-t]mse A¶pw C¶pw hnfn-¡p-t¼mÄ ap³]p sNbvX-Xp-t]mse ]pcm-hr-¯-¯n kJm-¡sf, hnti-jn¨v he-Kp-lm-t`-Z-\-¯n AwKn-c-Êp-I-sf, klm-bn-¨- AtXt]m-se sN¿-W-sa-¶v C{µ-t\mS-t]- £n-¡p-¶p. C{µ-sâbpw C{µ-s\-¡p-dn-¨p-Å-Xp-amb hm¡v, BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§-fn hnti-jn-¨v, ià-am-bn-«p-v. ]cp-tÑ-]sâ C{µ-kq-à-hr-¯-¯nse Ah-km-\-t¯-Xm-Wv k¦oÀW-hr-¯-\n-_-²-amb 133- þmw kqàw. hr¯w, hnj-bw, ssien F¶n-h-sbÃmw sh¨v kqàw kzm`m-hn-I-ambn cmbn hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp- ¶p: 1þ5, 6þ7 F¶n-§-s\. B`n-Nm-c-kw-L-s¯bpw c£-Êp-I-sfbpw \in-¸n-¡m³ C{µ-s\- D-Zvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶- XmWv kqà-¯nse {]ta-bw. tkmahpw bÚhpw kzoI-cn-¡p¶ C{µ\pw bP-am-\\pw X½n-epÅ kw`m-j-W- amWv Ah-km-\-`m-K-¯v. an¡ hmbp-kq-à-§-fn-se-bpw -t]mse 134-þmw kqàw {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n BZy-s¯- tkmaw IpSn-¡m-\pÅ Ah-Imiw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p¶-Xn\v hmbp- bm{X- sN¿p-¶ {]ta-b-apÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fn kqà-¯nsâ {]`m-X-]-Ým-¯ew Hcp-¡p-Ibpw 1þ3 ]Zy-§-fn {]mXx-k-h-\-¯nse Z£n-Wm-hn-X-cWw kqNn-¸n-¡pIbpw sN¿p- ¶p. {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n BZys¯ tkmaw IpSn-¡m-³ Xsâ ]e kwL-§-tfm-sSm-¸-apÅ hmbp-hnsâ bm{XbmWv 135-þmw kqà-¯nse {]ta-bw. BZys¯ XrNw (1-þ3) hmbp-hn-\p-am-{X-apÅ £W-am-Wv. cmw XrNw (4-þ6) {]mXx-k-h-\-¯nse cmw tkma-l-hnÊp ]¦n-Sp¶ hmbp-hn-s\bpw C{µ-s\bpw kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Ah km\s¯ XrNw A{X EPp-h-Ã. BZys¯ ]Zyhpw- c-m-as¯ ]Zy-¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[hpw \S-¶p-sIm-n-cn- ¡p¶ bÚ-¯nte¡v - C-{µhmbp¡fpsS bm{X hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. F«mw ]Zym-h-km-\-¯n hnP-b-I-c-amb bÚ- ¯nsâ `mKy-^-e-§-f-t{X þ ]ip-¡-fp-sSbpw Irjn-bp-sSbpw apt¶äw! sshcp-[y-]qÀW-amb Ne-\hpw ioe-§- fp-apÅ Xncn-¨-dn-b-s¸-«n-«n-Ãm¯ Imf-I-fmWv 9þmw ]Zy-¯nse hnj-bw. acp-¯p-¡-fmWo Imf-I-sf¶ A`n-{]mbw {]_-e-am-Wv. tkma-b-Ú-tI-{µn-X-amb kqà-am-I-bmÂ, tkmaI-W-§-fp-am-hmw.- an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡mWv 136-þmw kqàw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-sX-¦nepw AhÀ¡p [mcmfw BZn-Xy-·m-cmb kJm- ¡-fp-v. Acy-amhv, `K³, AZnXn. kqàw Ah-km-\-t¯m-S-Sp-¡p-t¼mÄ BZn-Xy-·m-c-Ãm¯ tZh-·mcpw: C{µm- án-IÄ,acp-¯p-¡Ä. ]e an{Xm-h-cp-W-kq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn, Ah-cpsS kZm-Nm-c-]-c-amb ]¦n-eà ChnsS Du¶Â; bÚ-l-hn-Êp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-h-sc¶ ]Z-hn-bn-em-Wv. DZ-b-kq-cy³, tkma-acnI Hcp-an¨p kzoI-cn-¡p¶ tZh-Xm-Zz-µz-§-fn an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cpÅ {]mXx-k-h-\s¯ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. sXm«p ]n¶n hcp¶ cp hmbp-kq-à-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu kqà-¯nsâ Øm\w {]mXx-k-h-\-¯nse BZys¯ kzoIÀ¯mhv tkma\m-sW¶ ho£-Ws¯ ]n´p-W-bv¡p-¶p. {lkzhpw Xmc-X-tay\ efn-X-hp-amb ASp¯ kqàw (137) ap³kq-à-¯nse an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cpsS bÚ-tI-{µn-XXzw XpS-cp-¶p. ]ngn-sª-Sp¯ ]e cq]-¯n-epÅ tkmaw, bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ tZh-·m-cpsS hc-hv, kqtcym-Z-b-k-abw F¶n-h am{X-amWv kqà-¯nse hnj-b-§Ä. 138-þmw kqà-¯n\p {Kmay-kz-ctam an¡ ]qj-kq-à-§-fp-sSbpw cN-\m-ssi-entbm CÃ. ]Icw hn]p-e- amb hr¯-¯n\p tNcp-amdv CXv DbÀ¶ Xe-¯n-epÅ kvXpXn-bm-Ip-¶p. Ihn ]qjm-hp-ambn kJy-ap-m-¡m³ khn-ti-j-Xm-ev]-cy-sa-Sp-¡p-¶p. B kJy-am-I-s«, k¼¯pw klm-bhpw IqsS sImp-h-cpw. {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n sNmtà {]D-K-i-kv{X-¯nsâ amXr-I-bmWv 139-þmat¯-Xm-b- hn-tiz-tZhkqàw. s]mXp- hn ]n´p-S-cp-¶-sX-¦nepw k¦oÀW-amb Cu kqàw ]e hymJym-\-§Ä¡pw CS-ap-m-¡n-bn-«p-v. {]D-K-i- kv{X-¯n hmbp, C{µ-hm-bp-¡Ä, an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ, Aizn-IÄ, C{µ³, hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ, kc-kzXn F¶-XmWv tZh-Xm-{I-aw. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n kqàw Cu {Iaw ]n´p-S-cp-¶p: C{µ-hm-bp-¡Ä (1), an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ (2), Aizn- IÄ (3-þ5), C{µ³ (6); F¶m Aán-(7)tbm-Sp-IqSn Ah-km-\n-¡p¶p. acp-¯p-¡Ä (8), C{µm-án-IÄ (9), _rl- kv]Xn (10) F¶n-hÀ XpSÀ¶ph-cp-¶p. FÃm tZh-·m-scbpw `n¶-hr-¯-amb 11-þ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. bÚ-km-l-Ncyw XpS-¡-¯nte Øm]n-¡p-¶p. kabw {]m-XxImew-. ]nSn-¡-Ãp-I-fpsS i_vZw bÚ-¯n- te¡p tZh-·msc hnfn-¡p¶p. bÚ-s¯bpw {]`m-X-s¯bpw cmw ]Zy-¯nepw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. an{Xm-h-cp- W-·mÀ ""kXy-¯nÂ\n¶v Ak-Xys¯'' FSp-¡p-Ibpw A§s\ Ihn-sbbpw Iq«-scbpw tZh-·m-cpsS kzÀW- knw-lm-k\w ImWm³ {]m]vX-cm-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Aizn-I-fpsS aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (3-þ5) Ah-cpsS {]`m-X-b- Ú-¯n-te¡pÅ bm{X-bp-sS hÀW-\-bm-Wv. Ch-sb-t¸mse C{µ¶pÅ £Whpw acp-¯p-¡-fpsS kvXpXnbpw BÀP-h-ap-ä-h-bt{X. 9þmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn kzbw Imhy-]-chpw bÚ-]-c-hp-amb ]mc-¼-cy-¯n \ne-sIm-Åp- ¶p. 1. 140 apX 1. 164 hsc-bpÅ kqà-§Ä DN-Ysâ aI-\mb ZoÀL-X-aÊntâXmWv. DN-Y³ ama- tX-b³ (a-a-X-bpsS aI³)- BsW¶v 1. 147. 3, 152. 6, 158. 6 F¶o ]Zy-§-fn kzbw ]d-bp-¶p-v. ZoÀL- X-aÊv F¶m ""\o Ccp«v'' F¶ÀYw. _rl-t±-h-X-bn (4. 14-þ15) P·\m AÔ-\m-b-Xp-sIm-mWv At±-l-¯n\v B t]À h-¶-sX¶p ImWp-¶p. Ihn-Xs¶ Xsâ AÔ-Xsb 1. 147. 3þ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p- ap-v. _rl-t±-h-X-b-\p-k-cn¨v ZoÀL-X-a-Ênsâ Imgv¨ ]n¶oSv ssZhm-\p-{K-l-¯m hop-In-«p-¶p-v. Cu Ihn-bpsS ]e kqà-§-fnepw Xsâ -ssh-jayw {]Xn-^-en-¡p-¶-Xm-bn-¡m-Wmw. hmt¡-fn-tbm-SpÅ Xmev]-cym-[n-Iyw, {]Xo-Im-ß-I-`m-j, hmIy-L-S-\m-]-c-amb s]mcp-¯-t¡-Sv, Ahy-à-]-cm-aÀi-§Ä F¶nh At±-l-¯nsâ kqà-§sf hyXn-cn-àhpw auen-Ihpw ]e-t¸mgpw ]nSn-X-cm-¯-Xp-am-¡p-¶p-v. At±lw EtK-Z-¯nse Ihn-I-fn Gähpw shÃp-hn-fn-bp-bÀ¯pIbpw AtX-k-abw Gähpw IuXp-I-ap-f-hm-¡p- Ibpw sN¿p¶h\m-sW-¶t{X ]WvUn-X-a-Xw. ZoÀL-X-ax-kq-à-§Ä Znhy-Xz-§-fpsS Akm-[m-c-W-amb ]c-¼c {]ZÀin-¸n-¡p-¶p. Aán-kq-à-§- fmb 1. 140-þ50 anI¨ DZm-l-c-Ww. C{{µ-\p-thn am{X-apÅ kqà-§fmIs« ImWp-¶pan-Ã. adn¨v, 151-þ153: an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ, 154-þ156: hnjvWp AYhm C{µ\pw hnjvWp-hpw, 157-þ158: Aizn-IÄ, 159-þ160: kzÀKhpw `qan-bpw, 161: E`p-¡Ä. 162, 163 F¶nh bÚm-iz-kvXp-Xn-IfmWv. {]kvXpXkam-lm-c-¯nsâ ]c-a-Im-jvT- bmb 164-þmw kqàw kpZoÀLhpw {]tl-fn-Im-cq-]-¯nep-Å-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. AXv ]e sshZn-I-IÀa-§-fp- sSbpw clkyw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. cm-as¯ Aizn-kq-à-amb 1. 158 BI-s«, {]tXy-In¨pw ck-I-c-am- Wv. Ihn-bpsS hmÀ[-Iy-Im-e¯v cNn-¡-s¸« {]kvXp-X-kqàw Bß-I-Ym-]-c-at{X. `mKn-I-ambn Cu kqàs¯ Bkv]-Z-am-¡n-bmWv _rl-t±-h-X (4. 21-þ25), ZoÀL-X-a-Ênsâ ]cn-Nm-c-I-·mÀ At±-ls¯ ap¡n-s¡m-Ãm³ {i-an-¨p-sh¶ cm-as¯ sFXnlyw hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]t£, c£-s¸« At±lw HgpIn AwK-cm-Py-s¯-¯p-Ibpw AhnsSsh¨v hnhmlw Ign-¡p-Ibpw I£o-hms\¶ Ihn¡p P·w \ÂIp- Ibpw sNbvXp. H¶mw aWvU-e-¯nse Ah-km-\s¯ kqà-k-am-lmcw (1. 165-þ191) AK-kvXytâXmWv. ]n¡m-es¯ sFXn-ly-a-\p-k-cn¨v At±lw an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cp-sSbpw DÀhin F¶ A]vk-c-Ên-sâbpw ]p{X-\m-Wv. Xsâ kqà-§-fn ]e XhW At±lw kzbw am\y³ (am-\sâ ]p{X³) F¶p ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. kam-lmcw XpS- §p-¶Xv acp-¯p-¡-fp-sStbm C{µ-sâbpw acp-¯p-¡-fp-sS-bptam C{µ-sâtbm kqà-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. ]n¶o- Sv, Aev]w Akm-[m-c-W-am-sb¶p ]d-b-s«, AK-kvXy\pw ]Xv\n tem]m-ap-{Zbpw X½n-epÅ kw`m-j-W-¯nsâ ZoÀL-X-a-Ênsâ kqà-§-sf-¶-t]m-se, AK-kvXy-kq-à-§fpw ssieo-hn-Úm-\-]-c-ambn krjvSn-]-c-§-f- t{X þ C{µ-a-cp-Õw-hm-Z-kq-à-§Ä hnti-jn-¨pw. tÇj-§Ä, ]Z-eo-e, Xmt¡m¸-Z-§Ä AaÀ¯n-sh-¡Â, AhyàkqN-\-IÄ, k¦oÀW-amb D]-a-IÄ, A{]-Xo-£n-X-amb hmN-I-ssi-eo-hn-]-cn-Wm-a-§Ä, hmIy-hn-\ym- k-]-c-amb A]qÀh-X-IÄ, {it²-b-amb aäe-¦m-c-{]-tbm-K-§Ä F¶nh [mcm-fw. kPo-hhpw hnj-a-I-c-hp-amb AK-kvXysâ IhnX At±-ls¯ EtKz-Z-]m-c-¼-cy-¯n-se- a-lm-I-hn-bm¡nbncn-¡p-¶p. C{µ-a-cp-Õw-hm-Z-kq-à- §fpw AK-kvXy-þ-tem-]m-ap-{Zm-kw-`m-j-W-kq-àhpw bÚ-¯nse \qX-\-Xzs¯ kw_-Ôn¨ {]iv\-§fp¶bn- ¨p-sImv sshZn-I-b-Ú-{]-tbm-K-§-fnse KW-\o-b-amb hyàn-Xz-ambn AK-kvXys\ DbÀ¯p-¶p-s¶p ]d- bmw. C\n Xnc-sª-Sp¯ \mep kqà-§Ä ae-bm-f-K-Zy-]-cn-`m-j-tbm-Sp-IqSn D²-cn¡mw: H¶mw aWvU-ew, H¶mw kqàw Ihn a[p-Ñ-µÊv sshizm-an{X³; 9 ]Zy§Ä; hr¯w Kmb{Xn; Aán tZhX Chn-sS, aäv Aán-kq-à-§-fn-se-t¸mse, Ihn Ahs\ tZh-þ-a-\p-jy-km-{am-Py-§-fn CS-s]-Sp¶ Znhy--amb bÚm-án-bmbn kvXpXn-¡p-¶p.- Aán tZh\pw a\p-jyÀ¡p Zriy-amb AánbpamWv. Ah³ tZh\pw Zriy- amb Aánbp-sa¶ \ne-bn a\p-jyÀ¡v {]m]y-\-t{X. Aánsb ""ap³]n sh¡p¶p'' (]p-tcm-ln-Xx þ 1). bÚ-¯nse apJym-án-bmbXp-sImv AXv bÚ-Ø-e¯v Ing-¡p-`m-K¯p sh¡p-¶p. bÚ-¯n aäp tZh-·msc hcp-¯p-¶Xv Aán-bm-W-tÃm. a\p-jy-]p-tcm-ln-X-·m-cpsS lhn-Êp-IÄ sImp-h-cp¶Xpw tZh-·mÀ¡p ap³]n Ahsc kvXpXn-¡p-¶Xpw tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw aÀ¯y-cp-sSbpw Zm\-§Ä hcp-¯p-¶Xpw Znhy-]p-tcm-ln-X- \mb Aán-b-t{X. 1. Aán-aotf ]ptcm-lnXw bÚky tZh-ar-XznPw tlmXmcw cXv\-[m-Xaw bÚky EXznPw Rm³ bÚ-¯nsâ EXzn¡pw tZhw tlmXmcw cXv\-[m-Xaw tZh\pw tlmXmhpw cXv\[m-cn-bp-ambn ]ptcm-lnXw Aánw Cutf ap³]n \nÀ¯nb (]p-tcm-ln-X-\m-b) Aánsb hnfn-¡p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡p-an-S-bn k©-cn-¡p¶ tZh\pw a\p-jy\mbn ImWm-hp¶h\p-amb Aán-sb- bmWv ChnsS Ihn hnfn-¡p-¶-Xv. tZh-s\¶ \nebv¡v AZr-iy-s\-¦nepw Aán a\p-jy-cq-]-¯n-emWv Cu ]Zy- ¯n Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. 2. Aánx ]qÀth-`n-cr-jn`ncotUym \qX-ss\-cpX k tZhm-t\h h£Xn Aánx ]qÀth`nx Aán ap³]p-m-bn-cp-¶-hcpw DX \qXss\x Ejn`nx CuUyx C¶p-Å-h-cp-amb Ejn-Ifm kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h-\mWv; kx tZhm³ Cl B h£Xn A-h³ tZh-·msc ChnsS sImp-h-cs«! tZh-·msc bÚ-Ø-e-t¯¡p sImp-h-cp-¶Xv Aán-bm-sW-¶-t{X- k-¦-ev]w. 3. Aán\m cbn-a-iv\-hXv t]mj-tah Znth Znth bikw hoc-h-¯aw Aán\m Znth Znth t]mjw Gh Aán-bm-et{X (bP-am\³) Zn\w tXmdpw hfÀ¶p-h-cp-amdv bikw hoc-h-¯aw bi-kznbpw Gähpw hoc-·mcmb ]p{X·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b cbnw- A-iv\-hXv k¼-¯p-Å-h-\p-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶-Xv. Aán-bpsS A\p-{Klw sImmWv HcmÄ¡v FÃm Xc¯n-epÅ ]ptcm-K-Xn-bp-ap-m-hp-¶-Xv. XobpsS Ip-]n-Sn-¯-am-WtÃm a\p-jy-cm-in-bpsS A`n-hr²n apgp-h³ km[yam-¡n-b-Xv. 4. Atá bw bÚ-a-[zcw hnizXx ]cn-`q-ckn k Ct±-thjp KÑXn Atá bw A[zcw bÚw Atá! \o GsXmcp bÚ-IÀa-amWv hnizXx ]cn`qx Akn Npäp-apÅ FÃmbnS¯pw sN¿p-¶Xv kx CZv tZthjp KÑXn AXp-Xs¶ tZh-·m-cn-epw- F-¯p-¶p. bÚw a\p-jy-scbpw tZh-·m-scbpw X½n _Ôn-¸n-¡p¶I®n-sb¶p k¦-ev]w. 5. AánÀtlmXm Ihn-{IXpx kXy-Ýn-{X-{i-h-kvXax tZthm tZth-`n-cm -K-aXv Ihn-{IXpx Nn{X-{i-h-kvXax Ihn-bpsS e£y-t¯m-Sp-w tim`-\-IoÀ¯n-tbmSpw- Iq-Snb kXyx tlmXm Aánx tZhx bYmÀY-tlm-Xm-hmb Aán-tZh³ tZth-`nx B KaXv (a-äp) tZh-·m-tcm-Sp-IqSn ChnsS hcs«! 6. bZwK Zmiptj Xzatá `{Zw Icn-jykn XthXv XXv kXy-aw-Kncx AwK Atá Xzw kplrt¯! Atá! \o Zmiptj bZv `{Zw Icn-jykn `à\p awKfw hcp-¯p-¶p-tÃm, XXv Xh CZv AwKncx kXyw AXv \n\¡pX-s¶-bt{X; AwKn-ctÊ (A-tá)! CXp kXyw. lhnÊp \ÂIp¶ bP-am-\\v AXp kzoI-cn-¡p¶ Aán Xncn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p¶ awK-f-§fpw Aán-¡p-X- s¶-sb¶p `mhw. IÀaw sN¿p-¶-h\pw AXn-sâ- ^-e-a-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h\psaÃmw Ah\-h-\p-th-n-¯-s¶-bmWv, AYhm aäp-Å-h-\p-th-nbm-Wv, AtX ka-bw, cp-am-Wp-Xm\pw! 7. D] Xzmtá Znth Znth tZmjm-h-kvXÀ[nbm hbw \tam `c´ Gakn Atá hbw Znth Znth Atá! R§Ä Hmtcm- Zn-h-khpw [nbm \ax `c´x R§-fpsS DÄ¡m-gv¨bm kvXpXn sNbvXp-sImv tZmjm-hkvXx D] Xzm B Cakn kmbmÓw {]Im-i-am-\-am-¡p¶ \nsâ- A-Sp-¡-te¡p kmZcw hcp-¶p. 8. cmP-´-a-[z-cmWmw tKm]m-ar-Xky ZoZnhnw hÀ[-am\w tkz Zta cmP´w A[z-cmWmw tKm]mw {]Im-in-¡p-¶-h\pw bÚ-§-fpsS kwc-£-I\pw EXky ZoZnhnw kXyw tZymXn-¸n-¡p-¶-h\pw tkz Zta hÀ[-am\w Xsâ ho«n ià-\mbn hf-cp-¶-h-\p-amb (\nsâ ASp-t¯¡p R§Ä hcp-¶p.) Xsâ hoSv þ bÚ-im-e. ASp-¡-f-bnse Xosbbpw ChnsS Dt±-in-¨n-«p-m-hmw. 9. k \x ]ntXh \x kq\-th-tá -kq-]m-bt\m `h kNkz \x kzkvXtb Atá kx Xzw \x Atá! B \o R§Ä¡p-thn, kq\th ]nXm Ch aI-\p-thn AÑ-s\-¶-t]m-se, kp D]m-b\x `h Ffp¸w h¶p-tNÀ¶mepw! \x kzkvXtb kNkz R§-fpsS awK-f-¯n\p R§-tfmsSm-¯p-tNÀ¶mepw! Cu ]Zy-¯n-se-¯p-t¼m-tg-¡pw -Aán Ihn¡p ]nXr-Xpeyw BZ-c-Wo-b-\m-bn¯oÀ¶p! Aánw (1) F¶p ZznXo-b, Aánx (2) F¶p {]Y-a, Aán\m (3) F¶p XrXo-b, Atá (4) F¶p kwt_m-[-\, Aánx (5) F¶p hopw {]Ya F¶n-§s\ Cu kqà-¯nse BZy-s¯- A©p ]Zy-§-fn Aán-bpsS hnhn-[-hn-`-àn-cq-]- §Ä hn\y-kn-¨Xv Ihn-bpsS inev]-ssh-Z-Kv[y-¯n\v Hcp-Zm-l-c-W-ambn \nco-£n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. F«m-a-t¯-Xn-sem- gn-sI- a-sä«p ]Zy-§-fnepw Aán-i-_vZ-ap-s-¶Xpw 6, 7, 9 ]Zy-§-fn Atá F¶ kwt_m-[-\-bm-Wp-Å-sX- ¶pw-IqSn {i²n-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. bÚm-án-bpsS hnhn-[-cq-]-§-fpsS kqN-\-Iq-Sn-bmbn hymIc-W-]-c-amb Cu Aán-cq-]-ssh-hn-[ys¯ klr-Z-bÀ¡p ImWmw.
- H¶mw aWvU-ew, ap¸¯ncmw kqàw Ihn lnc-Wy-kvXq] BwKn-c-k³; 15 ]Zy§Ä; hr¯w {Xn-jvSp¸v; -C{µ³ tZhX {]i-kvX-amb Cu kqàw C{µsâ AXn-{]-[m-\-hnP-bamb hr{X-h-[s¯bpw shÅw Xpd-¶p-hn-Sp-¶-Xn- s\bpw Gähpw hyà-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. shÅw -ap-gp-h³ XS-ªp-\nÀ¯-s¸« ]Àh-X-¯n-\p-Np-äpw- Np-cp- p-In-S-¡p¶ `b-¦-c-amb kÀ¸-amWv hr{X³. C{µ-³ Cu bp²-¯n hr{Xsâ ""Npa-ep-IÄ'', kÀ¸-^Ww, tXä-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn, ASn-¨p-X-IÀ¡pIbpw Ah-km\w h{Pw-sImv sImÃp-Ibpw ]ÀhXw ]nfÀ¶p-Xp-d-¡p-Ibpw shÅs¯ Hgp-Im³ hnSp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A\-´cw AXv BZys¯ bP-am-\-\mb a\p-hn-te-¡pw `wKy-´-tcW A\-´-c-X-e-ap-dIfn-te¡pw H-gpIn (8). hr{X-i-_vZ-¯n\p XS-Ê-sa¶ AÀY-ap-Å-Xp-sImv hr{X-h[w FÃm XS-Ê-§-sfbpw X«n-\o-¡-p¶-Xnsâ {]Xo-I-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. BZys¯ kw{K-l-]-Zy§Ä¡pw bp²-¯nsâ Bap-J-¯n\pw (1-þ4) -tijw XpSÀ¶pÅ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (5- þ7) bp²w hÀWn-¡p-¶p. XnI¨pw GI-]-£o-b-amWv hnh-c-Ww. Aan-X-amb Bß-hn-izmkw ]peÀ¯p¶ hr{Xs\ C{µ³ \nÀWm-b-I-amw-hn[w h[n-¨p. Ahs\ Iog-S-¡-p-Ibpw Ah-b-h-§Ä thÀs]-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvX hr{X³ Xsâ A½-tbm-sSm¸w \ne¯p hoWp-In-S-¡p-¶p. C{µ³ Xpd-¶p-hn« shÅw Ah-cpsS apI-fn-eqsS Cc-s¨m-gp- Ip-¶p (8-þ11). Cu CS-thf-bv¡p-tijw kqàw ]pXp-Xmbn bp²-hÀW\¯n-te¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p (12-þ13). hr{X³ tXä-IÄsImpw aäpw {]Xn-tbm-Kn-bp-sS-ta Xncn-¨-Sn-¡p¶p. ]-t£, CXpw, hr{Xsâ Iog-S-§-enepw h[-¯nepw Iem-in-¡p-¶p! hr{X-h-[-¯n-\p-ti-jw- A½ Zm\phpw sImÃ-s¸-«p. F¶n«pw C{µ³ `oj-W-\mbn ]d¶v \Zn-IÄ¡p-t\sc hcp-¶p. Ihn At¸mÄ C{µ-s\- hn-P-bnbpw cmPm-hp-sa¶ \ne-bn kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. 1. C{µky \p hocymWn {] thmNw bm\n NImc {]Y-am\n h{Po Al-¶-ln-a-\z-]-kvX-XÀZ {] h£Wm A`n-\Xv ]Àh-Xm\mw h{Po {]Y-am\n bm\n hocymWn NImc h{P-[-c³ A\pjvTn¨ Gähpw ap´nb hoc-IÀa-§Ä \p {] thmNw Ct¸mÄ Rm³ {]Jym-]n¡p¶p: Alnw Al³ A\p A]x XXÀZ Ah³ kÀ¸s¯ sIm¶p; XpSÀ¶v shÅs¯ Nmep-Iodn hn«p; ]Àh-Xm\mw h£Wmx {] A`n-\Xv ]Àh-X-§fpsS hb-dpIÄ ]nfÀ¯n. 2. Al-¶lnw ]ÀhtX in{in-bmWw XzjvSm-kvssa- h{Pw kzcyw XX£ hm{im Ch t[\hx kyµ-am\m ARvPx kap-{Z-ah PÜp-cm]x ]ÀhtX in{in-bmWw Alnw Al³ Ah³ ]Àh-X-¯n InS-¡p¶ kÀ¸s¯ sIm¶p. Akvssa XzjvSm kzcyw h{Pw XX£ Ah\p XzjvSmhv kqcy-Xp-ey-amb h{Pw Dm-¡n-s¡m-Sp-¯p. hm{imx t[\mx Ch ap{I-bn-Sp¶ Id-h-¸-ip-¡-sf-t¸mse B]x kyµ-am\mx ARvPx kap{Zw Ah PÜpx shÅw HgpIn t\sc IS-en-te¡p t]mbn. 3. hrjm-b-amtWmhrWoX tkmaw {XnI-{Zp-tI-jz-]n-_Xv kpXky B kmbIw aLhmZ¯ h{Pþ al-t¶\w {]Y-a-Pm-a-lo\mw hrjm-b-amWx tkmaw Ahr-WoX Imfsb-t¸m-se-bmbn Ah³ tkmaw hcn-¨p; {XnI-{Zp-tIjp kpXky A]n-_Xv Ah³ acp-¯p-¡Ä¡nS-bn ]ngn-sª-Sp¯ tkmaw IpSn-¨p; aLhm kmbIw h{Pw B AZ¯ DZm-c-\mb Ah³ Xsâ Bbp-[-amb h{P-sa-Sp¯p; Alo\mw {]Y-aPmw G\w Al³ kÀ¸-§-fn BZyw P\n-¨- Chs\ sIm¶p. 4. bZn-{µm-l³ {]Y-a-Pm-a-lo-\mþ am·m-bn\maan\mx t{]mX-ambmx BXv kqcyw P\-b³ Zymap-jmkw XmZoXv\mx i{Xpw \ Inem hnhntÕ DX C{µ bZv Alo\mw {]Y-aPmw Al³ am{X-a-Ã, C{µm! \o kÀ¸-§-fn BZyw P\n-¨-hs\ sImÃpIbpw BZv ambn\mw ambmx {] Aan\mx ]n¶oSv ambm-hn-I-fpsS amb-Isf I_-fn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-t¸mÄ, kqcyw Djkw Zymw P\-b³ kqcys\bpw Dj-Êns\bpw kzÀKs¯bpw P\n¸n¨p-sImp (\n¡p-¶p). XmZoXv\mx i{Xpw \ hnhntÕ Ine AXn-\p-tijw \o AXp-t]m-semcp i{Xpsh In-«n-Ãt{X! 5. Al³ hr{Xw hr{X-Xcw hywkþ ant{µm ht{PW alXm ht[\ kvIÔmw-koh Ipen-ti-\m- hn-hrþ IvWmlnx ibX D]-]rIv ]rYnhymx C{µx hr{X-Xcw hr{Xw- A-l³ C{µ³ hfsc henb hnLv\-amb kÀ¸s¯ sIm¶p. alXm ht[\ ht{PW Ipen-ti\ al-¯mb amc-Im-bp-[amb h{Pw-sImv hywkw Al³ Npa-ep-IÄ thÀs]-Sp¯n sIm¶p. hnhrIvWm kvIÔmwkn Ch agp-sImp sh«n-bn« ac¯-Sn-IÄt]mse Alnx ]rYnhymx D]-]rKv ibtX kÀ¸w `qansb ]pWÀ¶v (tNmc-sImp a®p \\-¨p)-In-S-¡p¶p. 6. Atbm-t²h ZpÀaZ B ln Pptlz alm-hocw Xphn-_m-[-ar-Pojw \mXm-co-Zky karXnw h[m\mw kw cp-Pm\mx ]n]nj C{µ-i{Xpx ln ZpÀaZx Atbm²m Ch Imc-Ww, IpSn-¨p-a-dnªv bp²w sN¿m-\m-hm-¯-h-s\-t¸mse Xphn-_m[w EPojw alm-hocw B Pptlz Ah³ ITn-\-ambn D]-{Z-hn-¡p-¶- tkm-a-]-\mb B alm-ho -cs\ shÃphn-fn-¨p. Aky karXnw \ AXm-coXv Ah\v Ahsâ B{I-a-W¯n ]nSn-¨p-\n¡m-\m-bn-Ã. C{µ-i{Xpx cpPm\mx kw ]n]ntj C{µ³ i{Xp-hm-bn-«pÅ Ahsâ (hr-{X-sâ) apJw amc-I-amb ASn-tbäp XIÀ¶pX-cn-¸-W-am-bn. 7. A]m-Z-lkvtXm A]r-X-\y-Zn-{µþ amky h{P-a[n km\u PLm\ hrjvtWm h{[nx {]Xn-am\w _p`q-j³ ]pcp{Xm hrt{Xm Ai-bZv hykvXx A]mZv AlkvXx h{[nx Imep-Ifpw ssII-fp-an-Ãm¯ Ah³ hrj-W-ap-S-bv¡-s¸«h³ hrjvWx {]Xn-am\w _q`q-j³ C{µw A]r-X-\yXv Imf¡qäsâ hen¸w sh¡m³ {ian-¨p-sImv C{µt\mSp s]mcp-Xn. Aky km\u A[n h{Pw B PLm\ (C{µ³) Ah-sâ ]n³`m-K¯v h{Pw-sIm--Sn-¨p. hr{Xx ]pcp{Xm hykvXx Ai-bXv hr{X³ ]te-S-§-fn-embn AhnsS Nn¶n-¨n-X-dn-¡n-S-¶p. 8. \Zw \ `n¶-a-apbm ibm\w at\m cplmWm AXn b´ym]x bmÝnZv hrt{Xm aln\m ]cy-Xn-jvTXv Xmkm-alnx ]ÕpXxioÀ_`qh B]x `n¶w \Zw \ at\mx cplmWmx shÅw thÀ]n-cn-¡-s¸« apf-t]mse a\p-hn-te¡p sN¶p-sImp Aapbm ibm\w AXn b´n InS-¡p¶ Ah-\p-ta HgpIp-¶p. bmx hr{Xx Alnx aln\m ]cy-Xn-jvTXv hr{XkÀ¸w Xsâ aln-a sImp Npän-\n-¶n-cp¶ Xmkmw NnXv ]Õp-Xxiox _`qh AXnsâ- Im¡ogn¯s¶ -In-S-¶p. 9. \oNm-hbm A`-hZv hr{X-]p-t{Xþ t{µm Akym Ah h[ÀP-`mc D¯cm kqc-[-cx- ]p{X BkoÀþ Zm\px- itb kl-hÕm \ t[\px hr{X-]p{Xm \oNm-hbm A`-hXv hr{X³ ]p{X-\m-bn-«p-Å-h-fpsS iàn £bn¨p; C{µx Akymx h[x Ah P`mc C{µ³ Ah-fp-sS-ta amcImbp[w hogv¯n. kqx D¯cm ]p{Xx A[cx A½ tase, aI³ Xm-sg. Zm\px t[\px \ kl-hÕm itb Zm\p Id-h-¸-ip-sht¸mse I¶p-Ip-«ntbm-sSm¸w InS--¶p. Zm\p þ hr{X-sâ- A½ - 10. AXn-jvT-´o-\m-a-\n-th-i-\m\mw ImjvTm\mw at[y \nlnXw icocw hr{Xky \nWyw hn Nc-´ymt]m ZoÀLw- Xa Bi-b-Zn-{µ-i{Xpx AXn-jvT-´o\mw A\n-th-i-\m\mw Hcn-¡epw \n¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw InS-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ ImjvTm\mw at[y icocw \nlnXw (sh-ůnÂ) ac-¯-Sn-I-fpsS \Sp-hn Ah-sâ- tZlw ap§n-¯m-Wp. B]x hr{Xky \nWyw hn Nc´n shÅw -hr-{Xsâ Kply`m-K-§-fp-sS-ta ]c-s¡ -\o-§p-¶p. C{µ-i-{Xpx -ZoÀLw- Xax B Ai-bXv C{µ³ i{Xp-hm-bn«pÅ-h³ (hr-{X³) ZoÀL-X-a-Ên (ar-Xyp-hnÂ) InS-¶p. 11. Zmk-]-Xv\o-c-ln-tKm]m AXn-jvT³ \ncp²m B]x- ]-Wn-t\h Kmhx A]mw _ne-a-]n-lnXw bZm-koZv hr{Xw PL-\zm³ A] XZv hhmc Zmk-]Xv\ox Aln-tKm]mx Zmk-]-Xv\n-Ifpw kÀ¸w Hfn-¸n¨-h-cp-amb B]x ]Wn\m Ch Kmhx shÅw, ]Wnbm ]ip-¡-sf¶t]m-se, \ncp²mx AXn-jvT³ \ncp-²-cm-bn- \n¶p. bZv A]mw _new A]n-lnXw BkoXv shÅ-¯nsâ Kpl AS-ªp-In-S-¶Xv XZv hr{Xw PL-\zm³ C{µx A] hhmc hr{Xs\ sIm¶v C{µ³ Xpd-¶p. 12. Atizym hmtcm A`-h-kvX-Zn{µ krtI bXv Xzm {]Xylw tZh GIx APtbm Km APbx iqc -tkm-aþ ahm-krPx kÀ¯th k]vX -kn-Ôq³ krtI tZhx GIx C{µ h{P-¯n Xnf-§p¶ Htc-sbmcp tZh-\mb C{µm! bXv Xzm {]Xn Al³ \o Ahsâ (tXä-IÄ)¡-Sn-¨-t¸mÄ XZv Aizyx hmcx A`hx Kmx APbx \o IpXn-c-hm-em-bn¯oÀ¶p; \o ]ip-¡sf Pbn¨p; iqc Xzw tkmaw APbx tbm²mth! \o tkmaw Iog-S¡n; k]vX knÔq³ kÀ¯th Ah AkrPx \o Ggp \ZnIsf Hgp-Im³ hn«p. 13. \mkvssa hnZyp¶ X\y-Xpx kntj[ \ bmw anl-a-In-c-{²m-Zp\nw N C{µÝ bZv bpbp-[mtX Aln tÝmXm-]-cot`ym aLhm hnPntKy bmw A-In-cZv hnZypXv X\yXpx Ah³ Nn¶n-¨n-X-dn¨ an¶tem CSntbm \ anlw {lmZp\nw N aqSÂa-tªm- B-en-¸-g-ho-gv¨tbm Akvssa \ kntj[ Ah-\p-thn ]n³h-en-¸n-¨n-Ã. bZv C{µx N Alnx N bpbp-[mtX C{µ\pw kÀ¸hpw X½n bp²w sNbvX-t¸mÄ DX aLhm A]-co`yx hnPntKy DZm-c³ ]ns¶bpw FÃmänepw hnPbw t\Sn. 14. AtlÀbm-Xmcw Ia-]iy C{µ lrZn bXv tX PLv\ptjm `oc-K-ÑXv \h N b¶-hXnw N {kh´ox tiyt\m \ `otXm AX-tcm -c-Pmwkn C{µ PLv\pjx C{µm! \o Ahs\ sIm¶-Xn-\p-ti-jhpw bZv cPmwkn `oXx tiy\x \ hmbp-a-WvU-e-¯n-eqsS t]Sn]q th«-¡-gp-I-s\-t¸mse \h N \hXnw N {kh-´ox- A-Xcx Hgp-Ip¶ sXm®qsäm³]Xp \Zn-Isf XcWw sNbvX-t¸mgpw bZv lrZn `ox AK-ÑXv \nsâ a\-Ên t]Sn h¶-t¸mÄ Atlx bmXmcw Iw A]iyx kÀ¸-t¯mSp ]I-ho-«n-b-h\mbn \o Bsc-bmWv IXv? 15. Ct{µm bmtXm-h-kn-Xky cmPm iaky N irwKntWm h{P-_mlpx tkZp cmPm £bXn NÀj-Wo-\mþ acm³ \ t\anx ]cn Xm _`qh h{P-_mlpx C{µx bmXx Ah-kn-Xky h{P]mWn-bmb C{µ³ PwK-a-§-fp-sSbpw Ømh-c-§-fp-sSbpw iaky irwKnWx cmPm im´-§fp(sIm-¼n-Ãm-¯-h-bp)--sSbpw sIm¼p-Å-h-bp-sSbpw cmPm-hmWv; kx CZv D NÀj-Wo\mw cmPm- £-bXn Ah³X-s¶-bmWv hn`n-¶-P-\-X-I-fpsS cmPm-hmbn `cn-¡p-¶-Xv. t\anx Acm³ \ Xm ]cn _`qh Ah³ N{I-¸« Bc-¡m-ep-I-sf-sb-¶-t]mse, Ahsb hebw sNbvXp. \qädp]¯n\memw kqàw ZoÀL-X-akv HuN-Yy³ Ejn; 52 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v (P-K-Xn 12, 15, 23, 29, 36, 41; {]kvXm-c-]wàn 42; A\p-jvSp¸v 51; hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ tZhX ({]tl-fn-Im-kqàw) At\Iw tZh--·m-cmWv Cu kqà¯n-sâ- tZ-h-X-sb¶v A\p-{I-aWn ]d-bp-¶p: hntiz tZh-·mÀ (1-þ41), hm¡v (42 F, 45), Pew (42 _n), NmW-I-¸pI (43 _n), tkma³ (43 _n), Aán, kqcy³, hmbp (44), kqcy³ (46, 47), Ime-N{Iw (48), kc-kzXn (49), km[y-·mÀ (50), kqcy³/]ÀP-\y³/Aán (51), kc-kzm³/kqcy³ (52). Cu sshhn[yw {]kvXp-X-kqàw, {]ta-b-]-chpw LS-\m-]-c-hp-ambn bpàn-k-l-amb cN-\-bm-sW-¦n-epw, Hs«ms¡ inYn-e-amb Hcp ]Zy-k-am-lm-c-sa¶ {]Xo-Xn-bp-f-hm-¡p-¶p. Cu kqàw ]WvUn-X-{i-²-bm-IÀjn-¨n-«pÅXn\v Hcp Imc-Ww -Xr-]vXn-I-c-amb Hcp hymJym-\-¯nÂ\n¶p c£-s¸-«p-sIm-t-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶-Xm-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. CXnsâ cN\ s]mXp-hn Hcn-¡epw ]qÀW-ambpw kq£va-ambpw hymJym-\n-¡m-\m-hm-¯-hn[w \nKq-Vm-ß-I-am-Wv. CXnse FÃm {]tl-fn-I-IÄ¡pw D¯cw Is- ¯m-\m-bn-sÃ-¦nÂt¸mepw IS-¦-Y-sb¶ \ne-bn Hmtcm¶pw AXnsâ [Àaw \nÀh-ln-¡p-¶-Xns\ Bkz-Zn-¡m³ \ap¡p Ign-bp-¶p-v. tkma-kw-_-Ôn-b-Ãm¯ IÀa-§-fpÄs¸sS sshZn-I-b-Ú-§-fp-sS Ahy-àhpw kphy- à-hp-amb ]cm-aÀi-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xp-sIm-v, kqà-¯n-te¡p IS-¡m-\pÅ Hcp hgn AXnsâ bÚ-_- Ô-§ÄX-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. ]n¡m-es¯ bÚ-§-fnse EtKz-Z-kq-à-§fpsS hn\n-tbmKw Ah-bpsS auen-I- amb bÚ-k-µÀ`-§-f-dn-bm³ ]e-t¸mgpw klm-bn-s¨-¶p-h-cn-Ã. F¦nepw CXv Hcp XpS-¡-am-sb-Sp-¡mw. sFX- tc-bm-c-WyIw (5. 3. 2) A\p-k-cn-¨v, 1þ41 ]Zy-§Ä alm-{h-X-b-Ú-¯n am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n sNmÃp¶ sshiz-tZ-h-i-kv{X-¯nsâ `mK-am-Wv. imwJm-b-\m-c-Wy-Iw (2.18) A-\p-k-cn-¨m-I-s«, kqàw apgp-h³ alm-{h-X- ¯n-te¡pÅXm-Wv. Cu alm-{h-X-bÚw, Hcp hÀjw \op-\n¡p¶ Khm-a-b-\-b-Ú-¯nsâ D]m-´y-Zn-\- ¯n A\p-jvTn-¨n-cp¶ Aán-jvtSm-a--bm-K-¯nsâ Hcp {]t`-Z-a-t{X. alm-{h-X-s¯-¸än hyà-amb Hcp ]cm-aÀi- hp-an-Ãm-bvI-bmÂ, {]kvXp-X-kq-à-¯nsâ alm-{h-X-¯nse hn\n-tbmKw ZznXo-b-I-am-hmw. C{X ZoÀL-amb kqà- am-bn«pw tkma-bm-K-s¯-¸-än-t¸mepw Imcy-amb Hcp ]cm-aÀihpw AXn-en-ÃtÃm. ]t£, alm-{h-X-hp-ambn {]kvXpX- kq-à-¯n\v {]ta-b-]-c-amb Hcp _Ô-ap-v. CXnse ]¯n-tesd ]Zy-§Ä Hcp- X-c-¯n-e-sÃ-¦n asämcp Xc- ¯n kqcy-s\-¸-än-bm-Wv. kqcy³ Z£n-Wm-b-\-¯nÂ\n¶v D¯-cm-b-W-¯n-te¡p t]mIp¶ Ime-amWv Iujo- X-Io-{_m-Ò-W-{]-Imcw alm-{h-X-b-Ú-k-µÀ`w. Cu kqà-¯n-sâ- a-sämcp bÚ-k-µÀ`w {]hÀKy-IÀa-am-Wv. Aizn-IÄ¡v NqSpÅ ]mepw s\¿pw tlman¡- em-W-Xv. ]n¡m-e-¯v, Aán-jvtSm-a-bm-K-¯n tkma-k-h-\-Zn-\-¯n-te¡p \bn-¡p¶ aq¶p Znh-k-§-fn Znhkw cp-t\cw {]hÀKyw A\p-jvTn-¡mdp-v. ]t£, auen-I-ambn, tkma-bm-K-¯nÂ\n¶p kzX-{´-am-bmWv AXv sNbvXn-cp-¶-Xv. Cu kqà-¯nse Nne ]Zy-§Ä (26-þ29) {]hÀKys¯ t\cn«p ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-ap-v. A§s\ {]kvXpXkq-à-¯nse {][m-\-amb Nne `mK-§Ä {]hÀKy-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«p-\n¡p-¶p. {]hÀKy-¯n\pw alm-{h-X-¯n\pw X½n s]mXp-hmbn H¶pv: Ah-bmWv Bc-Wy-I-{K-Ù-§-fpsS apJy- hn-j-bw. bÚ-IÀa-§-fpsS hnh-c-Whpw hymJym-\-§-fp-a-S-§p¶ ]n¡m-e-ssh-Zn-I-{K-Ù-§-fmWv Bc-Wy- I-§Ä. Ah {Kma-¯n-¶-I¯v ]Tn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv A]-S-I-c-am-b-Xp-sIm-m-hWw Bc-Wy-I-§-fpsS hnj-b-am-b-Xv. EtKz-Z-¯nsâ Bc-Wy-I-§Ä alm-{h-X-s¯bpw bPpÀth-Z-¯nsâ Bc-Wy-I-§Ä {]hÀKy-s¯bpw khn- tijw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Pman-k¬-þ-sâbpw s{_sd-«¬-þ-sâbpw A`n-{]m-b-¯-n Cu kqàw GsX-¦n-ep- samcp IÀa-¯n sNmÃm-\à BZyw cNn-¨-Xv þ AXnse Nne a{´-§Ä bÚ-§-fn hn\n-tbm-Kn-¨n-cn-¡m-sa-¦n- epw (1. 350). adn-¨v, Cu IhnX Bc-Wy-I-k-am-\-amb hymJym-\-¯nsâ BZy-Im-tem-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv. bÚ-§- fpsS, {]tXy-In¨v alm-{h-X-¯n-sâbpw {]hÀKy-¯n-sâbpw, AÀYw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-IbmW-Xnsâ [Àaw. Hcp EtKz-Z-kqà¯n ]n¡m-es¯ Bc-Wy-I-{KÙ§-fpsS kz`mhw ap³Iq«n {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶Xv Aev]w Akm- [m-c-W-am-bn-cn-¡pw. F¶mÂ, imwJm-b-\-Kr-ly-kq-{X(2. 11. 13)-a-\p-k-cn¨v Hcp {_Ò-Nmcn kwlnX ]Tn-¨p-I-gn- ªm BNm-cy³ kq{Xw Bc-Wy-I-sa¶p \nÀh-Nn-¡p¶ "cl-ky'-am-bmepw A`y-kn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-eqsS Abmsf klm-bn-¡-Ww. Cu clkywsImv alm-{h-X-a-{´-§-fp-cp-hn-S-emtWm bÚ-¯nsâ hymJym-\-amtWm Dt±-in- ¡p-¶-sX¶-Xn-s\-¸än B[p-\n-I-]-WvUn-XÀ¡n-S-bn A`n-{]m-b-t`Zw- \ne-\n¡p-¶p-v. bÚ-§-fpsS AÀY-{K-l-W-sa-¶m bÚ-{]-hÀ¯-\-§-fp-w {]m]-©n-I-ambpw hyàn-]-c-amb {]hÀ¯\- §fpw X½n-epÅ I®n-IÄ a\-Ên-em-¡pI F¶m-WÀYw. kqà-¯nsâ k¦oÀWX hnti-jn¨pw bÚ- s¯bpw {]]-©-s¯bpw a\p-jy-s\bpw X½n _Ôn-¸n-¡p¶ AXnsâ ]Zy-§-fnse ]cm-aÀi-§-fpsS B[n- Iy-¯nÂ\n-¶-t{X. A§-s\, ]Zy-§Ä IqS-¡qsS Htc- k-a-b-¯p-Xs¶ bÚ-s¯bpw (A-[n-b-Úw) temI- s¯bpw (A-[n-tZ-h-Xw), {]tXy-In¨v kqcy-s\bpw Nne-t¸mÄ a\p-jy-i-co-c-s¯bpw, AsÃ-¦nÂ, a\p-jy-s\tbm (A-[ym-ßw) ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. Cu kqà-¯n {]iv\-c-ln-X-amb Hcp ]Zy-hp-an-Ã. DZml-c-W-ambn H¶mw ]Zy- sa-Sp-¡p-I. BZy-s¯ -aq¶p hcn-IÄ aq¶p ktlm-Z-c-·msc hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. BZy-t¯Xv Pc _m[n¨ tlmXm-hv, \Sp-hn-e-t¯Xv hni-¸p-Å-h³, aq¶m-a³ s\¿p ]pc-«nb ]n³`m-K-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³. Cu ktlm-Z-c-·mÀ Bsc- -¶-Xn-s\-¸än ]WvUn-X-·mÀ ]e A`n-{]m-b-§Ä \nc-¯n-bn-«p-v: kqcy³, Imäv, Xo (km-b-W³); Bl-h-\o- bm-án, Z£n-Wm-án, KmÀl-]-Xymán (sKÂUv\À); Aán-bpsS auen-I-cq-]w, an¶Â, `qan-bnse Aán ({_u¬); kqcy³, an¶Â, {]hÀKy-]m{Xw NqSm-¡p¶ Aán (lq-s_³). kqà-¯nsâ {]mNo-\-t{im-Xm-¡Ä H¶n-e- [nIw A`n-{]m-b-§Ä cq]-h¡-cn-¨n-«p-m-hmw. kqà-¯n\v A[n-b-Úhpw A[n-tZ-h-X-hp-amb AÀY-ap-s¶v Pman-kWpw s{_sd-«Wpw A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. H¶p-InÂ, aq¶p ktlm-Z-c-·mÀ {Xnhn-[-b-Úm-án-I-fmhmw. AsÃ- ¦nÂ, bÚm-án-bpsS aq¶p Xe-§-fmhmw (Nm-c-\n-d-apÅ I\-ep-IÄ, Pzen-¡p¶ Aán, s\¿v Gäp-hm-§th a§n-a-§n-¡-¯p¶ Aán). {Xnhn-[-b-Úm-án-Isf {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ kqcy³, N{µ³, `uamán F¶o {]m]-©n-Im-án-Itfm ap³]-d-ª-h-bn GsX-¦n-eptam Bhmw. \mem-as¯ hcn-bn ]cm-aÀin-¡p¶ ""Ggp a¡-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb tKm{X-{]`p'' Ggp ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Snb bP-am-\-\m-bn-cn-¡mw. ]t£, bP-am-\³ kqcy- \pw Aán-bnse Ggp ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cpamhmw; AsÃ-¦n tKm{X-{]`p kqcy\pw Ggp a¡fpw (k-]vXÀjn-\-£- {X-k-aq-lw) Bhmw. Ihn aq¶p ktlm-Z-c-·m-sc-¶-Xp-sImpt±-in-¨-sX-´m-sW¶v \ap-¡-dn-ªp-Iq-Sm. bÚ- s¯bpw {]]-©-s¯bpw _Ôn-¸n-¡p¶ ]e Xe-§sf ]Zyw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p-s¶p XoÀ¨. apJy-§-fmb Ch- bv¡p-]p-dsa ZznXo-b-I-§-fmb aäp ]e kqN-\-I-fp-ap-mbn¡q-Sm-bvI-bn-Ã. cpw aq¶pw ]Zy-§Ä A[n-b-Úhpw A[n-tZ-h-X-hp-am.b AÀY-§Ä¡n-S-bn Btµm-f\w sN¿p-¶p. cmw ]Zyw -H¶mw ]mZ¯nse ""Ggv'' H¶mw ]Zyw \memw ]mZ-¯nse, apJy-ambn ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cmb (A-[n-b- Ú-hym-Jym-\w) ""Ggv'' Bhp-sa¶p tXm¶p-¶p. ]t£, cmw ]Zyw H¶mw ]mZ-¯nse ""Hcp N{Iw'' bÚm- án-tb¡mÄ kqcys\ (A[ntZh-Xw) kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 48-þmw ]Zyw CXn-¶p-t]mÂ_-e-I-am-Wv. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ihn bÚ-]-cm-aÀi-§ÄX-s¶ -ap-t¶m-«p-sh-¡p-¶p: Ggv, ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀXs¶; tXcv, Chn-sS-bpw, bÚ-¯nsâ {]Xo-I-am-Ip-¶p. Cu kqà-¯nsâ asämcp khn-ti-jXbpw CXnsâ Ahy-à-X-bv¡pÅ asämcp Imc-Whpw CXn IqS- ¡qsS hcp¶ ]Z-eo-e-bm-Wv. Ihn ss\cp-àn-I-amtbm AÀY-hn-Úm-\-]-c-amtbm _Ô-s¸« ]Z-§-sf-b-Ã, Ah- bv¡-pm-bn-cn-t¡ i_vZ-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« ]Z-§-tfm-SmWv Nmbvhp ImWn-¡p-¶-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn 13-þmw ]Zyw \memw hcn-bnse ""k\mZv'' (]-p-ap-XÂ), ""k\m`nx'' (\m-`n-tbm-sSm-¸w) ""kt\an'' (N{I¸-«-tbm-sSm-¸w) F¶n-h-tbm-sSm¸w {]Xn-[z-\n-¡p-¶p. hopw, 14-þmw ]Zy-w BZy-]mZ¯nse ""hn hmhrX'' (A-I-te¡p Xncn-¨p) aq¶mw ]mZ-¯nse ""BhrX''(a-d-bv¡-s¸-«)s¯ ap³Iq«n {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. 6þmw ]Zy-¯n ""APw'' (P-\n-¡m- ¯-Xv) F¶ ]Z-¯n\v ""BSv'' F¶pw AÀY-ap-v. AXp-sIm-v, AXn\v kqcysâ {]Xo-I-amb ""AP GI- ]mXv'' (Hcp ImepÅ BSv) F¶-Xns\ kqNn-¸n-¡m-\m-hpw. 16-þmw ]Zyw asäm-cp -Xcw ]Z-eoe {]ZÀin-¸n-¡p¶p: Ir¯n-Im-K-W-¯nse \£-{X-§Ä (Ir-¯n-I-IÄ) kv{XoI-fmbn hn`m-h\w sN¿s¸-Sp-¶p. BZy-h-cn-bnse ""kv{Xnbx'' (kv{Xo-IÄ) F¶ ]Z¯nsâ {]mXn-]-ZnIw ""kv{Xo''F¶m-Wv. CXp-ambn kz\-]-c-ambn Gähpw ASp- ¸-apÅ ""kv{Xr''[mXp-hnÂ\n-¶mWv ""Xmcw'' \njv]m-Zn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. Xmc-i-_vZ-am-Is« kwkvIr-X-¯n ]pÃnw- Kambpw Dv. Cu i_vZw ]Zy-¯n-en-sÃ-¦nepw t{imXm-¡Ä¡p ]cn-Nn-X-a-t{X. Ir¯n-I-IÄ kv{XoI-fm-sW- ¦nepw AXnse AwK-§Ä Xmc-§fmI-bm P\-§Ä Ah ]pÃnw-K-§-fmbn ]d-bp-¶p. ]Z-§-fpsS A[n-]-Xn-I- fmb Ihn-IÄt¡ CXv a\-Ên-em-¡m³ Ignbq F¶pw CXv a\-Ên-em-¡p¶ Ihn Xsâ AÑsâ Aѳ -(Kp-cp) BIp-sa¶pw ]d-ªp-sImv ]Zyw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. {]ta-b-]-c-amb XpSÀ¨-Ifpw kam-\-Imthym-]m-b-§-fpsS BhÀ¯n-¨pÅ {]tbm-Khpw kqàs¯ GI- cq-]-am-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p-¶p. BZym-h-km-\-§-fn-epÅ kam-´-c-X-IÄ krjvSn-¡p¶ LS-\-bpw- A-Xns\ GI- cq-]-am-¡p-¶p-v. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, Ihn Bdmw ]Zy-¯nepw kqàm-´-`m-K¯v 46-þmw ]Zy-¯nepw H¶n-s\-¸än (G- Iw) ]d-bp-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n ""H¶v'' kqcysâ cq]w kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p. 46-þ-em-I-s«, ""H¶v'' hopw {]Xy-£- s¸-Sp-¶Xv hm¡n-eqsS kqcysâ am{X-a-Ã, Aán-bp-sSbpw amX-cn-izm-hn-sâbpw (A-ánsb sImp-h-cp-¶-h³) aäp tZh-X-am-cp-sSbpw cq]-¯nepw 7 D¯-cmÀ[-¯nepw 47-þepw (51-þepw) shÅ-¯nsâ hgn tatem«v kqcy-c-ivan- I-fn-eq-sSbpw Xmtgm«v ag-bneqsSbpamsW¶p hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 2þ3 ]Zy-§-fnepw 48-þmw ]Zy-¯nepw kqcysâ tXcns\, {]tXy-In¨v AXnsâ Hcp N{Is¯, hÀWn-¡p-¶p. 49-þ52 F¶o Ah-km-\-]-Zy-§Ä kzX-{´-amb Htc- I-I-ambn \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p. Ah bYm-{Iaw kc-kz-Xn-sbbpw \Zo-tZ-h-X-I-sfbpw 52 ]qÀhmÀ[-a-\p-k-cn¨v Aánbpw kqcy-\p-amb kc-kzm-s\bpw kw_-Ôn-¨m-Wv. Aán, Pew, kqcy³, ag F¶n-h-bpsS Hcp I®n kqà-¯n-ep-S- \ofapv. kc-kz-Xn-sbbpw kc-kzm-s\bpw hÀWn-¡p¶ ]Zy-§Ä¡n-S-bn AXv H¶p-IqSn Dd-¸n-¡p-¶p. 51-þmw ]Zyw kzÀK-¯n-te¡pw Ahn-sS-\n¶p Xncn¨v `qan-bn-te¡papÅ shÅ-¯nsâ t]m¡p-h-c-hn-s\bpw kzÀK- ¯nse tZh-·m-sc -D-t¯-Pn-¸n-¡p¶ bÚm-án¡pw `qansb Dt¯-Pn-¸n-¡p¶ agbv¡pw X½n-epÅ kam-´-c-X- sb-bpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. 10. 90. 16-þÂ\n-¶p-²-cn¨ 50 þmw ]Zyw Pe-hr-¯-s¯-t¸mse kzÀK-¯n\pw `qan-¡p-w at[y {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶ bÚ-hr-¯s¯ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. bÚ-¯nsâ Dev]¯n kzÀK-¯n-em-sW-¦nepw AXv Ct¸mÄ A\p-jvTn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv `qan-bn- kzÀK-¯n-\p-t\À¡p Xncn-¨p-sIm--t{X. A¯cw cq]-]-c-amb kt¦- X-§Ä, bÚ-]-chpw {]ta-b-]-c-hp-amb aWvU-es¯ ASn-Øm-\-]-c-ambn hnhcn-¡p¶ Hcp kqà¯n\v ]c- -kv]-c-_-²-amb HcÀY-ap-m-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯nsâ k¼qÀW-amb BwK-e-hn-hÀ¯-\-¯nsâ IÀ¯m-¡Ä Cu kqà-¯nse ]Zy-§-Ä hni-Z- ambn NÀ¨ sN¿p-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw IqSp-X-embn Nne hnh-c-§Ä \ÂIp-¶-Xn\pw kqà-¯n-sâ -hn-hn-[-amb AÀY- X-e-§Ä X-½nepÅ \o¡w hniZoIcn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw {ian-¡p-¶p-v. F«mw ]Zy-¯n Dj-Êns\ -A-h-fpsS Aѳ (Nn-e-t¸mÄ kqcy³, Nne-t¸mÄ kzÀKw) _emÂkwKw sN¿p¶ IY ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. CXn Bcm-W- h-fpsS Aѳ (Cu kqà-¯n cn Bcp-am-hmw) F¶-Xn-s\- B-kv]-Z-am¡n Dj-Ênsâ Ipªv kqcyt\m Aántbm (b-Úm-án) Bhmw. ]Zyw 14 kqcysâ cm{XnNe\s¯¸-än-bm-Wv. Ah-sâ -{]-`m-a-b-amb hiw `qan- bnÂ\n¶p Xncn-¡p-Ibpw ]Sn-ªm-dp-\n¶v Ing-t¡m«p \o§p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ]Zyw 15 Cu cm{Xn-hÀW\w XpS- cp-¶p. Htc ka-b¯p P\n¨ Ggv k]vXÀjn-\-£-{X-§-fm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. Ch-bn Bsd®w tPmSn-I-fm-Wv; H¶v Hä-bpw. 20-þ22 ]Zy-§-fn XpSsc \ne-\n¡p-¶- a-c-¯nsâ {]kn-²amb {]tl-fnI Hcp {]iv\-am-Wv. cp ]£n- IÄ ip¢-]-£-¯n-sebpw IrjvW-]-£-¯n-sebpw hr²n-£-b-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb N{µ\m-sW¶pw kqcy-N-{µ-·m- cmsW¶pw kqcy\pw LÀa-]m-{X-hp-am-sW¶pw cp Úm\m-t\z-j-I-cm-sW¶pw aäpw ]e A`n-{]m-b-§Ä ]WvUn-X-À¡n-S-bn-ep-v. ]£n-IÄ Bcm-bm-epw, ]Zyw BXy-´n-I-ambn Úm\-s¯tbm {]tNm-Z-\-s¯tbm (hr£m-{K-¯n-epÅ a[p-c-amb ""A¯n-¸gw'') k¼m-Zn-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¸-än-bm-Wv. Cu kqà-¯nsâ \nKq-Vm-ß-I- kz-`mhw sh¨p-t\m-¡p-t¼mÄ, Cu Úm\w A{]m-]y-am-sW-¶-Xn hnkva-bn-¡m-s\m-¶p-an-Ã. Cu {]tl-fn-Isb A\p-K-an-¨p-sImv aq¶p (23-þ25) ]Zy-§-fm-Wp-Å-Xv. ""a[p-c-amb A¯n-¸g''s¯ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ Úm\¯nsâ aqÀ¯o-`m-h-am-tb-¡m-hp¶ bÚ-h-N-\¯nsâ hnIm-ks¯ Ah Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 23-þmw ]Zy-a-\p-k-cn-¨v Kmb-{Xn, {XnjvSp-¸v, PKXn F¶o hr¯-§-fn cNn-¡-s¸« kqà-§-fnÂ\n¶v B hr¯-§-fn- epÅ hcn-I-Ä D²-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXm-b-Xv, IqSp-X sN-dnb LS-Iamb Imhy-]mZw IqSp-X henb apgp- Imhy-¯nÂ\n¶v FSp-¯p-tNÀ¯n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, ]n¶oSv 24-þmw ]Zyw Km\w sN¿-s¸« kqà-amb ""AÀ¡''- (kvXp-Xn)¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-amb Kmb-{Xo-]m-Z-t¯m-Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-¶p. ]e ]Zy-§fpw Km\w sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ kma-¯n\v ASn-Øm-\-amWv kvXpXn. A§-s\-sb-¦nÂ, At¸mÄ Cu ]Zyw Gähpw sNdnb LS-I-amb Hcp hcn-bn XpS-§p-¶p. AXn-Â\n¶v IqSp-X \o Km\-§fpw kvXpXn-Ifpw hnI-kn-¡p-¶p. CXp-t]mse, {XnjvSp¸p]mZw ]n¡m-e]mc-¼-cy-¯nse ikv{X-§-fmb IqSp-X \o sNmÃ-ep-IÄ¡v ASn-Øm-\-am-Ip¶p. Cu ]Zyw kvXpXnbpw sNmÃepw Kmb-{Xo-]m-Z-§sf¶pw {XnjvSp¸p]mZ-§sf¶pw X½n hn`-Pn¡p¶-Xn\p Imc-Ww, ]Xn-s\m-¶-£-c-apÅ {XnjvSp¸p]mZw sNmÃ-ep-I-fn D]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cp-¶n-cnt¡, EtKz-Z-]m-c-¼-cy-¯n F«-£-c-apÅ Kmb-{Xo-]mZw kvXpXn-IÄ¡-Sn-Øm-\-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-sa¶XmWv. A§s\, 23-þmw ]Zyw Xncn- ¨n-«p-sImv, BZys¯ cp hcn-I-fn IqSp-X sNdpXv (kvXp-Xn-¡-s¸-«tXm sNmÃ-s¸-«tXm Bb hcn) IqSp- X hep-Xn\v (kvXp-Xnt¡m sNmÃ-en-t\m) ASn-Øm-\-am--Ip-¶p. aq¶mw hcn-bn {]tXy-I-h-cn-I-fnÂ\n¶v ]qÀW- amb sNmÃ-en-te¡p \o§p¶ {Iaw XpS-cp-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ hcnbnÂ, Ggp ]ptcm-ln-X-·mcpw kvXpXn-¨tXm sNmÃn-btXm Bb FÃm-än-sâbpw, Gähpw sNdnb LS-I-w, A£-cw, Gähpw henb LS-I¯n\v ASn-Øm-\-am- Wv. ZoÀL-¯n (c-Nn-¡-s¸« kqàw) \n¶p {lkz-¯n-(Im-hy-]m-Zw)te-¡pw ZoÀL-¯n-(kvXp-Xn-Ifpw sNmÃ-ep- I-fpw)te-¡papÅXpw Ah-km\w Gähpw sNdp-Xn (A-£-cw) \n¶v Gähpw \o-Xn(kvXp-Xn-¡-s¸-«Xpw sNmÃ-s¸-«-Xp-amb FÃmw)-te¡papÅ Cu \o¡w bÚ-]-c-amb hN-\-¯nsâ H¶n-¨pÅ kmI-eys¯ Xp¶n- t¨À¡pIbpw BXy-´n-I-ambn A£-c-¯n AXn-s\- tI-{µo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. A§-s\, Cu cp ]Zy-§Ä 46-þmw ]Zys¯ ap³Iq-«n-{]-Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. AXn ""H¶v'' ]e t]cp-IÄ¡v ASn-Øm-\-am-Wv. ]Zyw 25þDw Gähpw sNdnb LS-Is¯ IqSp-X hep-Xnsâ ASn-Øm-\-ambn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. AXp-{]-Imcw Kmb- {Xo-]-Zy-amWv IqSp-X ZoÀL-amb PK-Xo-]-Zy-¯n\pw cY-´-c-kvXp-Xn¡pw ASn-¯-d. Kmb-{Xo-]-Zy-amWv PK-Xn¡v ASn-Øm-\w. Imc-Ww, PKXo]Zy-¯n\v Kmb-{Xn-bp-tS-Xn-t\-¡mÄ Cc«n A£-c-§-fp-v (bYm-{Iaw 48-þDw 24-þ- Dw). Kmb-{Xn-bmWv cY-´-c-kvXp-Xn-¡-Sn-Øm-\w. Imc-Ww, cY-´cw (7. 32. 22-þ23) _rl-Xo-þ-k-tXm-_r-l-Xo-hr-¯- §-fn-e-t{X. Cu cp hr¯-§-fn-epÅ ]Zy-§Ä PK-Xo-þ-Km-b-{Xo-]m-Z-§-fp-sS- kw-tbm-P-\-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Kmb{Xn A§s\ PK-Xn-bpsSbpw cY-´-c-¯nsâbpw ASn-¯-dbpw B hn[-¯n Ah cn-s\bpw AXn-i-bn-¡p-¶-Xp- a-t{X. 36-þ42 ]Zy-§-fn hopw hm¡nsâ hnjbw FSp-¡p-¶p. 36-þ37 ]Zy-§-fn AXv Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ah-bn IhnbpsS {i² {]mNo-\-E-jn-I-fn-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. Ah-cpsS ""DÄ¡mgv¨'' Ifpw ""Nn´''Ifp-amWv Ihn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv. ]t£, Ihn kz´w {]tNm-Z-\-s¯-¡p-dn¨v a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶n-à (37). AXv A´n-a-ambn tZh-·m-cpsS A\p-{K-l-am-Wv. IrXy-am-bn¸d--ªmÂ, Aán-bpsS A\p-{K-l-am-Wv. 39-þ42 ]Zy-§-f-\p-k-cn-¨v, `qan- bn Poh³ \ne-\nÀ¯p-¶-Xn-\p-thn shÅ-sa-¶-t]m-se, Cu hm¡v am\-h-a-WvU-e-¯n-te¡v Cd-§n-h-¶-Xm- Wv. Cu ]Zy-§-fnse Du¶Â {]m]-©n-I-X-Xzsa¶pw a\p-jy-kn-²n-sb-¶p-apÅ \ne-bn hm¡n-embncn-t¡, {]tXyI-amb bÚ-]cm-aÀihpw ImWp-¶p-v. {]hÀKy-IÀa-¯nse LÀa-]m-\-kq-à-ambn iu\I AYÀh- th-Z-¯n (7. 73) 1. 164. 26-þ27-þ-t\m-sSm¸w 40-þmw ]Zy-hp-ap-s¶p \nco-£n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. kqà-¯nse 26-þ29 ]Zy-§Ä {]hÀKy-IÀa-¯n tI{µo-I-cn-¡p¶p. 26-þ lhn-Êm-bn- AÀ¸n-t¡ ]m \ÂIp¶ ]ip-hpw ]m ]I-tc-p¶ LÀa-]m{Xw NqSm-¡p-¶Xpw hnh-cn-¡s¸Sp-¶p. ]m{Xw NqSm-hp-t¼mÄ AXn ]mep-Å-Xn-\m lnw F¶ i_vZw ]pd-s¸-Sp-¶p-sh¶p 27-þmw ]Zys¯ BZyh-cn-bn ]d-bp-¶p. ]m{Xw Ct¸mÄ ]ip-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah-fpsS I¶p-Ip«n Aán-bm-bn-cn-¡mw. Aán-bn sh¡p¶ ]m{Xs¯ hnh-cn- ¡p¶ 28 ]qÀhmÀ[-¯nse At`-Z-I-ev]\w CXn-¶p-t]mÂ_-e-I-am-Wv. 29-þmw ]Zy-¯n hopw ]iphnsâ AÀYw amdp-¶p. AhÄ Ct¸mÄ LÀa-]m-{X-¯n\I¯v ""ad-bv¡-s¸«'' ]mem-Wv. NqSm-¡nb ]m{X-¯n-te¡p ]m ]I-cp-t¼mÄ Hcp Pzmem-kvXw`w DbÀ¶p-h-cp-¶p. Ct¸mÄ A\p-jvTn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ coXn-bnepÅ tkma-bmK- ¯nse Gähpw ZÀi-\o-b-amb \mS-Io-b-ap-lqÀ¯am-Wn-sX¶p ]d-bmw. 29 D¯-cmÀ[-¯n ]m AYhm ]ip A§s\ ]m{X-¯nÂ\n¶p taÂt¸m-«p-b-cp¶ an¶-em-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. 30-þmw ]Zy-¯n {]hÀKy-IÀa]cm-aÀiw kzev]w Ahy-à-am-sW-¦nepw AXv LÀa-]m-{X-¯n Dcp-In-¯n-f-¡p¶ s\¿n ]m IeÀ¯p-¶-Xns\ ]cm- aÀin-¡p-¶-Xm-hmw. 29-þmw ]Zyw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xn-t\-¡mÄ ap³]s¯ L«-¯n sNt¿--Xm-Wn-Xv. LÀa- ]m{Xw NqSm-¡p-Ibpw AXns\ Däp-t\m-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ IÀa-¯n hn[n-¡-s¸« ]Zyw 31-þ D²-cn-¡p¶ {iuX-kq-{X-§-fnse a{´hpw ap³]s¯ L«-¯n th-Xp-X-s¶. C§-s\-sbm-s¡-bm-sW-¦nepw Cu cp (30-þ31) ]Zy-§Ä¡p hyXy-kvX-amb hymJym-\-hp-am-hm-sa¶p ]d-bm-Xn-cp-¶p-Iq-Sm. DZml-c-W-ambn, 31 BZy-]m-Z- ¯nse ""CS-b³'' izmktam (lq-s_³) kqcyt\m (km-b-W³) cptam Bhmw. CXp-t]mse lqs_³ 43-þmw ]Zyw {]hÀKy-IÀas¯ {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶-sh¶p hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. LÀa-]m{Xw ]pI-bv¡m\p]tbm-Kn-¡p¶ IpXn-c-¨m-WIw hnd-Im-bpÅ Aán-bnÂ\n¶p s]m§p¶XmWv ""NmW-I-¸pI''sb¶v At±lw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ, ""]pÅn-¡mf'' LÀa-]m-{X-¯n NqSm-¡-s¸-Sp¶ ]mensâbpw s\¿n-sâbpw an{in-X-am-hpw. F¶mÂ, Cu ]Zyhpw {]hÀKy-]-cm-aÀi¯n¶¸p-d-apÅ hymJym-\-¯n\pw hg-§p-¶-Xm-Wv. \memw ]mZ-¯nse ""BZys¯ ASn-¯-d-IÄ'' GsX-¦n-ep-samcp {]tXy-I-b-Úm-\p-jvTm-\-s¯-b-Ã, adn¨v bÚ-sa¶ Øm]-\-s¯-¯-s¶-bmWv ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xv. {]]-©-¯nse bÚ-¯nsâ cq]-`m-h-§-sf-bmWv AXv AS-bm-f- s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-sX¶ IqSp-X-em-sbmcp hymJym-\-¯n-te-¡mWv CXv hnc Nqp-¶-Xv. ""hnjq-hXv'' (a[y-_n-µp) F¶-Xn\v hnjp-h-±n-\s¯ am{X-a-Ã, hÀj-§-tfmfw \op-\n¡p¶ k{X-b-Ú-¯nsâ a[y-s¯bpw ]cm- aÀin-¡m³ Ign-bpw. CXv kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv, `uam-án-¡-¸p-d-apÅ Aán kqcy-\m-sW-¶-t{X þ Hcp ]t£, ""NmW- I-¸pI''bmIp¶ taL¯m aqS-s¸« kqcy³. kqcy³ ""Imf''bpam-hmw. AXv ""]pÅn-¡p-¯pI''fpÅ-Xm-Wv. Imc-Ww, taL-§Ä AYhm kqcy-I-f-¦-§Ä (KÀ¯-§Ä). ""hoc-·mÀ'' ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cm-hmw. ]t£, kqcy\p Npäpw \n¡p¶ Ahcpw tZh-·m-cm-hmw. bÚ-]-chpw hnizm-ß-I-hp-amb Cu hymJym-\-§-sfÃmw, Bc-Wy-I- §fpw {_mÒ-W-§-fp-a-\p-k-cn-¨v, kqcy-\n am{Xw HXp-§p-¶-X-Ã. ]Zyw 33-þ hàmhv kqcy-\m-hm³ km[y-X-bp-v. Cu ]Zy-¯nse Ae-¦m-c-§Ä 38-þepw hcp-¶p-v. AXnse ]qÀhmÀ[w- Bßm-hns\/kqcy-s\¸än-bm-W-tÃm. 33-þse _oP-¯nsâ P·w ""Poh-tem-I-¯nsâ \m`n''sbbpw ""IpXn-c-bpsS _oP''s¯bpw ]än ]d-bp¶ 34-þ35 te¡p \bn-¡p-¶p. Cu cp ]Zy-§fn Aiz- ta-[-¯nse {_tÒm-Zy-amWv hnj-bw. tNmZym-¯-c-hn-\na-b-cq-]-¯n-ep-sÅmcp NS-§m-Wn-Xv. ]Zy-§Ä Aiz-ta- t[m-Nn-X-§-fm-Wv. B bÚ-¯nÂ\n¶p Cu kqà-¯n-te¡p ]IÀ¯n-b-Xmhmw Ch. ChnsS ]Zy-§Ä kzÀK- s¯bpw `qan-sbbpw bÚ-s¯bpw ]än ]d-bp-¶Xp XpS-cp-¶p. Ah-bm-I-s«-, tem-I-¯nsâ {]Xn-Ñm-b-bm-bn- ¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu kqàw H¶mw aWvU-e-¯n-se -am-{X-a-Ã, EtKz-Z-¯n-se-¯s¶ Gähpw ZoÀL-amb kqà-§fnsem¶- t{X. 1. Aky hmaky ]en-Xky tlmXpþ kvXky {`mXm a[ytam AXyiv\x XrXotbm {`mXm LrX-]rjvtTm Akymþ {Xm]iyw hniv]Xnw k]vX-]p{Xw hmaky Aky ]en-Xky Xky tlmXpx Aaq-ey-\mb Cu Pc _m[n¨ tlmXm-hnsâ a[yax {`mXm Aiv\x AkvXn \Sp-hn-es¯ ktlm-Z-c³ hni¸p-f-f-h\mWv; Aky XrXobx{`mXm LrX-]rjvTx Ah-sâ- aq-¶m-as¯ ktlm-Z-c³ s\bv ]qinb ]n³`m-K-ap-Åh³.- A{X k]vX-]p{Xw hniv]Xnw A]iyw Ah-\n Rm³ Ggp a¡-tfm-Sp-IqSnb tKm{X-{]-`psh ImWp¶p. 2. k]vX bpRvP´n cY-ta-I-N-{Iþ tatIm Atizm hlXn k]vX-\mam {Xn\m-`n- N-{I-a-P-c-a-\Àhw kyPky cqt] Ina]n kzntZIw ANn-In-Xzm³ bx \ hnZzm³ NnIn-Xpjx NnXv Imcyw a\Ênem-Im¯ Rm³ Adn-bm-¯-Xp-sImv FÃmw a\-Ên-em-¡nb Iho³ A{X hnZvat\ ]rÑman Ihn-I-tfmSv Cu hnj-b¯n Adn-bm³ thn tNmZn-¡p-¶p: bt{Xam hnizm `ph-\m[n XØpx GI-N{Iw cYw k]vX bpRvP´n Hcp N{I-apÅ (kq-cy³) tXcn Ggp (IpXn-c-I-sf)- sI-«p-¶p. k]vX-\mam GIx Aizx hlXn Ggp-t]-cp-I-fpÅ IpXnc AXv hen-¡p-¶p. {Xn\m`n APcw A\Àhw N{Iw aq¶p \m`n-bp-Å-Xv (aq¶v Ime§fp-Å-Xv) AP-chpw AP-¿hpamb N{I-am-Wv; b{X Cam hnizm `ph\m A[n XØpx AXn-emWv Cu FÃm Poh-Pm-e-§fpw hn{i-an-¡p-¶-Xv. 3. Caw cY-a[n tb k]vX XØp-x k]vX-N{Iw k]vX hl-´yizmx k]vX kzkmtcm A`n kw \ht´ b{X Khmw \nlnXm k]vX \ma k]vX Aizmx k]vX tb A[n XØpx Ggp IpXn-cIsft¸m-se, Cu (tXcn-t·Â þ b-Ú-¯nÂ) \n¡p¶ Ggp (]p-tcm-ln-X-·mÀ) Caw k]vX-N{Iw cYw hl´n Cu Ggp N{I-apÅ tXcv hen-¡p-¶p. k]vX kzkmcx A`n kw \ht´ Ggp- k-tlm-Z-cn-amÀ (]p-tcm-ln-X-·m-cpsS i_vZ-§Ä) Hcp-an¨v Dds¡ (hm-¡p-IÄ) ]d-bp¶p. b{X Khmw k]vX \ma \nlnXm Ah-bn ]ip-(I-hn-hm¡v)¡-fp-sS -Ggp t]cp-IÄ AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯n -bn-cn-¡p-¶p. 4. tIm ZZÀi {]Yaw Pmb-am-\þ aØ-\z´w bZ-\Øm _n`À¯n `qaym Akp-c-kr-Kmßm Iz kznXv tIm hnZzmw-k-ap] KmXv {]jvSp-ta-XXv bZv A\Øm AØ-\z´w _n`À¯n FÃn-Ãm¯ (A½ þPew) FÃp-I-fpÅ (Pohn-bmb Chs\ KÀ` -¯nÂ) hln-¡p-t¼mÄ, Ix Pmb-am\w {]Yaw ZZÀi? BcmWv P\n-¨-bp-Ss\ BZyt¯-hs\ (kq-cys\/Aán-sb)- I-Xv? Iz kznXv `qaymx Akpx AkrIv Bßm? Fhn-sS-bmWv `qan-bpsS Poh\pw tNmcbpw Bßm-hp-ap-ÅXv? GXXv {]jvSpw Ix hnZzmwkw D] KmXv? CXv tNmZn-¡m³ BcmWv Adn-bp-¶-hs\ kao-]n-¡p¶Xv? 5. ]mIx ]rÑman a\kmhnPm-\³ tZhm-\m-ta\m \nlnXm ]Zm\n htÕ _jvItb[n k]vX X´q³ hn XXv\ntc Ihb HmXhm D ]mIx -Ahn-Pm-\³ tZhm\mw ip²-X-sImv a\-Ên-em-¡m\m-hm-¯Xn\m tZh-·m-cpsS \nlnXm G\m ]Zm\n a-\km ]rÑman AS-bm-f-s¸« Cu ]mX-I-sf-¸än Rm³ a\km tNmZn-¡p-¶p: _jvItb htÕ A[n Ihbx ]qÀW-h-fÀ¨-sb-¯nb I¶pIp-«n(Aán)bp-sS-ta Ihn-IÄ HmXssh k]vX X´q³ D hn XXv\ntc s\¿p-¶-Xn\v (bÚ-¯n-sâ) Ggv DuSp-\q-ep-I-Ä hncn-¡p¶p. 6. ANn-In-Xzm³ NnIn-Xp-j-Ýn-Z{X Iho³ ]rÑman hnZvat\ \ hnZzm³ hn bkvX-kvXw` jfnam cPmwþ APky cqt] GIw Inw A]n kznXv APsâ (P-\n-¡m-¯h-sâ) cq]-¯n-ep-Å- H¶v (kqcy³) F´v? Cam jSv cPmwkn hn XkvXw` (kzÀK-¯n-sâbpw `qan-bpsSbpw) Cu Bdp \t`m-a-WvUe-§sf BcmWv Xm§n \nÀ¯n-bXv? APky cqt] GIw Inw A]n kznXv APsâ (P-\n-¡m-¯h-sâ) cq]-¯n-ep-Å- H¶v (kqcy³) F´v? Cam jUv cPmwkn hn XkvXw` (kzÀK-¯n-sâbpw `qan-bpsSbpw) Cu Bdp \t`m-a-WvUe-§sf BcmWv Xm§n \nÀ¯n-bXv? 7. Cl {_hoXp b CuawK thZmþ ky hmaky \nlnXw ]Zw thx ioÀjvWx £ocw Zp{ltX Kmthm Aky h{hnw hkm\m DZIw ]Zm]px AwK Cl bx Cuw Aky- hm-aky thx ChnsS Cu Aaq-ey-amb ]£n-bpsS (kq-cy-sâ) \nlnXw ]Zw thZ {_hoXp AS-bm-f-s¸« ]mX Adnbp¶h³ ]db-s«! Kmhx ioÀjvWx £ocw Zp{ltX ]ip¡Ä (a-g-ta-L-§Ä) Ah-sâ- X-e-bn (kq-cy\n)Â\n-¶v ]m (a-g) Npc-¯p-¶p.- h{hnw hkm\mx Aky ]Zm DZIw A]px kzbw Ip¸mb¯n s]mXn-ªv AhÀ ImepIÄ(kq-cy-c-ivan -IÄ)sImv shÅw IpSn-¡p¶p. 8. amXm ]nX-c-arX B _`m-P [oXyt{K a\km kw ln PtÜ km _o`-ÕpÀKÀ`-c-km \nhn²m \a-kz´ CZp-]-hm-I-aobpx amXm ]nXcw EtX B _`mP A½ (D-j-Êv) Xsâ AÑ\v (kq-cy³/kzÀKw) kXy-¯nsemcp ]¦p \ÂIp- ¶p; ln At{K [oXo a\km kw PtÜ ImcWw, XpS-¡-¯n Xsâ DÄ¡m-gv¨-bn-eq-sS, AhÄ a\km Aht\mSp tNcp¶p. km KÀ`-ckm _o`Õpx \nhn²m Xsâ k¯ Ipªv (Aán/kqcy³) B-b-Xp-sIm-v, AhÄ hopw Npcpp-sIm-v, (AÑ-\mÂ) Ip¯n-¯p-f-bv¡-s¸-«p. \a-kz´x D]-hmIw CZv Cubpx Ah-cpsS BZ-chpw ({]mXÀ)-l-h-\-¯n-te¡p t]mIp¶p. 9. bpàm amXm-koZv [pcn Z£n-Wmbm AXn-jvTZv KÀt`m hrP-\o-jz´x Aao-taZv htÕm A\p Kma-]-iyZv hniz-cq]yw {Xnjp tbmP-t\jp amXm Z£n-Wmbmx [pcn bpàm BkoXv A½sb Z£n-W-bpsS tXÀ-¡p-än-¡p sI«n-; KÀ`x- hr-P-\ojp A´x AXn-jvTXv Ah-fpsS Ipªv sXmgp¯nse ss]¡Ä¡n-S-bn \n¶p. hÕx Aao-taXv hniz-cq]yw Kmw I¶p-Ip«n (A-án) ap{IbnSp-Ibpw i_-fm-`-bmb ]ip-hn-sâ (D-j-Êv) -t\-scbpw- {Xnjp tbmP-t\jp A\p A]-iyXv (A-I-se) aq¶p tbmP\Ifn-epÅ `mc-h-n-IÄ¡pt\-scbpw t\m -¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. 10. Xnt{km amXrrkv{Xo³ ]nXrr³ _n{`tZ-I DuÀ[zkvXØu t\a-h- ¥m-]-b´n a{´-bt´ Znthm Aapjy ]rjvtT hn-iz-hnZw hmN-a-hn-iz-an\zmw Xn{kx amXrrx {Xo³ ]nXrr³ aq¶v A½-am-scbpw (`q-anIÄ) aq¶v AÑ-·-mscbpw (kzÀK-§Ä) GIx _n{`Zv DuÀ[zx XØu Häbv¡p hln-¨p-sImv Ah³ (kq-cy³) t\sc \n¡p¶p: Cuw \ Ah ¥]-b´n Ah Ah\v £oW-ap-m-¡p¶n-Ã. Znhx ]rjvtT hniz-hnZw Ahn-iz-an\zmw kzÀK-¯nsâ ]n³`m-K-¯v, AhÀ (tZ-h-·mÀ) FÃm-a-dnbp¶hs\ ¦nepw FÃmh-scbpw {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡m¯ Aapjy hmNw a{´-bt´ Ahsâ hm¡v a{´n¡p-¶p. 11. ZzmZimcw \ ln XÖ-cmb hÀhÀ¯n N{Iw ]cn Zymar-Xky B ]p{Xm Atá anYp-\mtkm A{X k]vX iXm\n hnwi-XnÝ XØpx Zzm-Z-imcw EXky N{Iw ]{´v Bc-t¡m-ep-I-fpÅ kXy¯nsâ N{Iw (kq-cy³) Zymw ]cn hÀhÀ¯n kzÀK-¯n\p Npäpw Ft¸mgpw Dcpfp¶p; XZv \ ln Pcmb F¶n«pw Pc _m[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Atá! A{X anYp-\mkx Atá! AXn- CWIfmb k]vX iXm\n hnwiXnx N ]p{Xmx B XØpx Fgp-¶q-äncp]Xp a¡Ä (Hcp sImÃ-¯nse cm¸-I-ep-IÄ) \n¡p-¶p. 12. ]©-]mZw ]nXcw ZzmZ-im-IrXnw Znh Blpx ]tc AÀt[ ]pco-jnWw AtYta A\y D]tc hnN-£Ww k]vX-Nt{I jfc Blp-cÀ¸nXw ]©-]mZw ]nXcw ZzmZ-im-IrXnw AhÀ A©p Imep-I-(Ime-§)-fpÅ AÑ-s\(N-{µ-s\)-¸-änbpw ]-{´p cq]-(amk)§-sf-¸-änbpw Znhx ]tc AÀt[ ]pco-jnWw Blpx kzÀK¯nsâ tate ]Ip-Xn-bn Ihn-sªm-gp-Ip¶ H¶n-s\-¸ -änbpw ]d-bp-¶p. AY Cta At\y D]tc k]vX-Nt{I ]t£ Cu aäp-Å-hÀ hfsc Acn-sI-bpÅ (]Ip-Xn-)bn Ggp-N-{I -§fpÅ (kqcy-N-{µ-·mcpw Zriy-{K-l-§-fpw) (tXcn-t·epw) jUtc AÀ¸nXw hnN-£Ww Blpx Bdv Bc-¡m-ep-I-fn-epw (hyXy-kvX-amb KW-\-bnÂ, Ime-§Ä) Dd-¸n-¡s¸«Zqsc t\m¡p-¶-hs\(kq-cy³)¸än ]d-bp-¶p. 13. ]©mtc Nt{I ]cn-hÀ¯-amt\ Xkvan¶m XØpÀ`p-h-\m\n hnizm Xky \m£-kvX-]ytX `qcn-`mcx k\m-tZh k iocytX k\m`nx ]cn-hÀ¯-amt\ ]©mtc Xkvan³ Nt{I Npäpw Dcp-fp¶ A©v Bc¡m-ep-I-fpÅ N{I(sIm-Ãw)¯nt·Â hnizm `ph-\m\n B XØpx FÃm Poh-Pm-e-§fpw \nesIm-Åp-¶p. Xky `qcn-`mcx A£x \ X]ytX AXnsâ `mcw I\-¯-XmsW-¦nepw A¨p-Xv NqSp-]n-Sn-¡p-¶n-Ã. k\mZv Gh k\m`nx \ iocytX ]p-ap-XÂt¡ DÅ AXv \m`n-tbm-sSm¸w s]m«n-t¸m-Ip-¶n-Ã. 14. kt\an N{I-a-Pcw hn hmhrX D¯m-\mbmw Zi-bpàm hl´n kqcyky N£q- c-P-ssk-Xym-hrXw Xkvan-¶mÀ¸nXm `ph-\m\n hnizm kt\an APcw N{Iw hn hhrtX Dcpĸ-«-tbm-sSm¸w Pc _m[n-¡m¯ N{Iw (cm-{Xn-kq-cy³) -A-I-te¡v Xncn-¡p¶p. D¯-m-\mbmw Zi bpàmx hl´n aeÀ¶pIn-S-¡p¶ tXÀ¡p-än¡p sI«nb- (-tX-cv) ]¯p (Ip-Xn-c-IÄ) hen-¡p-¶p. kqcyky N£px cPkm BhrXw GXn kqcysâ I®v hmbp-a-WvU-e-¯n-eqsS ad-bv¡-s¸«v \o§p-¶p. Xkvan³ hnizm `ph-\m\n BÀ¸nXm AXn-t·Â kÀh-Poh-Pm-e-§fpw Dd-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. 15. kmIw-Pm-\mw -k-]vX-Y-am-lp-tc-IPw jfnZv bam- E-jtbm tZhPm CXn tXjm-an-jvSm\n hnln-Xm\n [maix Ømt{X tcPt´ hnIr-Xm\n cq]ix GIPw kmIw-Pm\mw k]vXYw Häbv¡p P\n-¨-h-s\-¶t]mse Htc- k-a-b¯v P\n-¨-h-cn Ggm-a-t¯ -hs\-¸än tZhPmx bamx Ejbx jUv CZv CXn Blpx AhÀ ""tZh-·m-cnÂ\n¶p P\n¨ Cc-«-I-fmb Ejn-amÀ Bdp am{X-amWv'' F¶p ]d-bp¶p. tXjmw CjvSm\n [maix hnln-Xm\n ChÀ¡v (k-]vXÀjn-IÄ) CjvS(Øe-§Ä) Øm\-a-\p-k-cn¨v \ÂIn. Ømt{X cq]ix hnIr-Xm-\n- tcPt´ F¶n-«pw, (Hcp-h³ = {[ph-\-£{Xw) \n¡-th, ]e-Xmbn ImWp-¶ -hÀ (k]vXÀjn-\-£-{X-§Ä) hndbv¡p¶p. 16. kv{Xnbx kXo-kvXm -D ta ]pwk Blpx ]iy-Z-£-Wzm³ \ hn tNX-Z-Ôx- I-hnÀbx ]p{Xx k Cuam NntIX bkvXm hnPm-\mXv k ]nXp-jv]n-Xm-kXv kv{Xnbx kXox Xm D ]pwkx ta Blpx AhÀ (Ir-¯n-IIÄ) -kv{Xo-I-fm-sW-¦nepw, ]pcp-j-·m-sct¸mse Ft¶mSp kwkm-cn-¡p-¶p. A£-Wzm³ ]iyZv AÔx \ hn tNXXv I®p-Å-hÀ ImWp¶p; Ipcp-S³ thÀXn-cn-¨-dn-bp¶n-Ã. ]p{Xx bx Ihnx kx Cuw B NntIX (Ihn)]p{X-\mb Ihn Ahsc a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. bx Xm hnPm-\mXv kx ]nXpx ]nXm AkXv Chsc (kv{XoIsf) Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶-h³ Xsâ AÑsâ AÑ-\m -Ip¶p. 17. Ahx ]tcW ]c G\m-h-tcW ]Zm hÕw _n{`Xo Kucp-Z-ØmXv km I{ZoNo Iw kznZÀ[w ]cm-KmXv Iz kznXv kqtX \ ln bqtY A´x ]tcW Ahx Ah-tcW ]cx D]-cn-(a-WvU-e-)¯n\pIosg, At[m-(a-WvU-e-)¯n\p tase, (N-{I-hm-f¯nÂ) G\m Kux hÕw _n{`Xo ]Zm DZv AØmXv Cu ]ip (D-j-Êv) Xsâ I¶p-Ip-«nsb (kq-cy-s\) hln -¨p-sIm-v, kz´w Imen \n-¡p¶p. km I{ZoNo Iw AÀ[w kznZv ]cm AKmXv AhÄ GXp Zn¡n-emWv? GXp hi-t¯-¡mWv AhÄ t]mIp¶Xv? ln bqtY A´x \ Iz kznXv kqtX? Iq«-¯n-\-I-¯-Ãm¯-Xp-sImv, Fhn-sS-bmWv AhÄ {]k-hn-¡p -¶Xv? 18. Ahx ]tcW ]nXcw tbm Akymþ \pthZ ]c G\m-h-tcW Iho-b-am\x I Cl {] thmNZv tZhw a\x IptXm A[n {]PmXw ]tcW Ahx Ah-tcW ]cx D]-cn-a-WvU-e-¯n\p Xmsg, At[m-(a-WvU-e-¯n-\p-)ta-se, Cl bx Aky ]nXcw A\p-thZ ChnsS Xsâ AÑs\ Adn-bp¶h³ (kq-cy³) Dv. Iho-b-am\x Ix G\m {] thmNXv? kzbw Ihn-bm-sW¶p ImWn-¨p-sImv BcmWv CXv {]Jym-]n -¡p¶Xv? IpXx A[n tZhw a\x {]PmXw? Fhn-sS-\n-¶mWv ZnhyNn´ Dm-hp-¶Xv? 19. tb AÀhm©kvXm\p ]cmN BlpÀþ tb ]cm-©-kvXm\p AÀhmN Blpx C{µÝ bm N{IYpx tkma Xm\n [pcm \ bpàm cPtkm hl´n tb AÀhm©x Xm³ D ]cmNx Blpx GXp (tXcp-I- þ bÚ§ þ fmWv) Cu hgn (hcp-¶Xv)? Ah (t]mIpsa¶v) AhÀ ]-d-bp-¶p. tb ]cm©x Xm³ D AÀhmNx Blpx GXp (tXcp-I-fmWv t]mIp-¶Xv?) Ah Cu hgn (hcp-sa¶v) AhÀ ]d-bp-¶p. tkma C{µx N bm N{IYpx tkmam! C{µm! \n§-fn-cp-hcpw sNbvX (IÀa-§Ä), Xm\n cPkx [pcm \ bpàmx hl´n \t`m-a-WvU-e¯n tXÀ¡p-än-bn sI«nb (Ip-Xn-c-I-sf)-t¸m -se, (B tXcp-IÄ) hen-¡p-¶p. 20. Zzm kp]ÀWm kbpPm kJmbm kam\w hr£w ]cn-j-kz-PmtX Xtbm-c\yx ]n¸ew kzmZzþ Xy\-iv\-¶t\ym A`n NmI-ioXn kp]ÀWm kbpPm kJmbm Zzm \à Nnd-Ip-Å-hcpw Iq«pImcpw kJm-¡-fp-amb-- cp t]À (]-£n-IÄ) kam\w hr£w ]cn-j-kz-PmtX Htc ac-s¯ ]pW-cp-¶p. Xtbmx A\yx kzmZp ]n¸ew A¯n Ah-cn-sem-cmÄ a[p-camb A¯n-¸gw Xn¶p-¶p. A\yx A\-iv\³ A`n NmI-ioXn atä-bmÄ Xn¶msX t\m¡p-¶p. 21. b{Xm kp]ÀWm Aar-Xky `mKþ a\n-tajw hnZ-Ym`nkzc´n -t\m hnizky `ph-\ky tKm]mx kam [ocx ]mI-a-{Xm-hn-thi b{X kp]ÀWmx A\n-tajw \à Nnd-Ip-Å-hÀ (]-£n-IÄ), Hcn-¡epw Ca Nn½m-sX, Aar-Xky `mKw hnZYm A`n-kz-c´n Aar-X-Xz-¯n ]¦p In«p-¶-Xn\pw bÚ-¯nse hnX-c-W-§Ä¡pw -thn Dds¡ Ic-bp-¶nS¯v A{X hnizky `ph-\ky C\x ChnsS kI-e-Po-h-tem-I¯n-sâbpw ià\pw [ocx kx tKm]mx ]mIw am B hnthi DÄ¡m-gv¨-bp-Åh\pamb CS-b³ ip²-\mb F¶n IS-¶p-Iq-Sn. 22. bkvan³ hrt£ a[zZx kp]ÀWm \nhn-it´ kphtX Nm[n hntiz Xtky-Zmlpx ]n¸ew kzmZzt{K Xt¶m-¶-iZv bx ]nXcw \ thZ hntiz a[zZx kp]ÀWmx a[p-hp-®p-¶-hcpw \à Nnd-Ip-ÅhcpsaÃmw bkvan³ hrt£ A[n \nhn-it´ kphtX N IpSn-Iq-Sp-Ibpw {]k-hn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ ac-¯n Xky CZv At{K kzmZpx ]n¸ew Blpx AXnsâ Aä¯v a[p-c-amb A¯n-¸-g-ap-s¶v AhÀ ]d-bp-¶p. bx ]nXcw \ thZ XZv \ DZv \iXv AÑs\ Adn-bm-¯h³ AXns\ {]m]n¡p-¶n-Ã. 23. bZv Kmbt{X A[n Kmb-{X-am-lnXw ss{XjvSp-`mZv hm ss{XjvSp`w \nc-X-£X bZv hm PKÖK-Xym-lnXw ]Zw b C¯Zv hnZpkvtX Aar-X-Xz-am-\ipx bZv Kmbt{X A[n Kmb{Xw BlnXw F§-s\- Kmb{XnbpsS hcn Kmb-{Xo-kq-à-¯n A[n-jvTn-X-am -hp¶psht¶m ss{XjvSp-`mZv hm ss{XjvSp`w \nc-X-£X {XnjvSp-¸nsâ hcn {XnjvSp]vkqà-s¯ cq]-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-sX-§ -s\-sbt¶m hm PKXn PKXv ]Zw BlnXw bXv PK-Xn-bpsS hcn PKXo kq-à-¯n A[n-jvTn-X-am-hp-¶-sX-§-s\ -sbt¶m XZv tb CZv hnZpx tX Aar-XXzw B\ipx Adn-bp-¶-hÀ am{Xw Aa-rX-Xz-¯n-se-¯p¶p. 24. Kmb-t{XW {]Xn anaotX AÀ¡þ aÀt¡W kma ss{Xjyp-t`\ hmIw hmtI\ hmIw Zzn]Zm NXp-jv]Zmþ £tcW anatX k]vX hmWox Kmb-t{XW AÀ¡w {]Xn HcmÄ Kmb-{Xo-(]m-Zw-) sImv kvXpXnsbbpw AÀt¡W kma ss{XjvSp-t`\ hmIw anaotX kvXpXnsImv kma-s¯bpw {XnjvSp]v (]mZw-)sImv sNmÃ-ens\bpw ]cn-tÑ-Zn-¡p-¶p. Zzn]Zm NXp-jv]Zm hmtI\ hmIw Zzn]-Zhpw NXp-jv]-Zhp-amb sNmÃÂsImv (]qÀW-amb) sNmÃ-en s-\bpw A£-tcW k]vX hmWox anatX A£-cw-sImv Ggp i_vZ-§Ä \nÀan-¡p-¶p. 25. PKXm knÔpw ZnhykvX-`m-bZv cY-´tc kqcyw ]cy-]-iyXv Kmb-{Xky kan-[-kvXn{k Blpþ kvXtXm aÓm {] cncntN alnXzm PKXm Znhn knÔpw AkvX-`m-bXv PK-Xo-(]-Zyw-)sImv Ah³ kzÀK-¯nse \Znsb Xm§n-\nÀ¯n. cY-´tc kqcyw ]cn A]-iyXv cY-´-c-(kvXp-Xn)-bn Ah³ kqcys\ ho£n-¨p. Kmb-{Xky Xn{kx kan[x Blpx Kmb-{Xo(-]-Zy-¯n-\v)- aq¶v Ac-Wn-t¡m-ep-I-fp-s¶ (Km-b-{Xo-]-Zy -¯n aq¶p ]mZ-§-fp-s-¶v) AhÀ ]d-bp-¶p. XXx aÓm alnXzm {] cncntN AXnsâ (Km-b-{Xo-]-Zy-¯nsâ) al-Xzw-sImv al-Xz-¯n AhÀ Ahsc AXn-i-bn-¡p¶p. 26. D] lztb kp-ZpLmw t[\p-taXmw kplkvtXm tKm[p-KpX tZml-tZ\mw -t{ijvTw khw khnXm kmhn-jt¶mþ `ot²m LÀa-kvXZpjp {] thmNw kpZpLmw G\mw GXmw t[\pw D] lztb Rm³ \à ]m Xcp¶ Cu Id-h-¸-ipsh hnfn-¡p¶p. kplkvXx tKm[pKv tZmlZv hnZ-Kv[-l-kvX-\mb Id-h-¡mc³ Ahsf Id-¡p-¶p. khnXm \x t{ijvTw khw DX kmhn-jXv khn-Xmhv R§fn AXyp-¯-a-amb Bthiw hfÀ¯p - Ibpw sN¿s«! LÀax A`n C²x XZv D kp {] thmNw LÀa-]m{Xw NqSm-¡n-bn-«p-v: CXv {]Jym-]n-¡p¶p. 27. lnwIr-WzXo hkp-]Xv\o hkq\mw hÕ-an-Ñ´o a\-km`ymKmXv Zplm-a-izn`ymw ]tbm ALvt\ybw km hÀ[Xmw altX ku`-Kmb hkq\mw hkp-]Xv\o hÕw CÑ-´o- km[-\-§-fpsS km[-\m-[n-]-Xy-apÅhÄ Xsâ I¶p-Ip-«nsb tXSn lnwIr-WzXo a\km A`n B AKmXv lnwIm-c-ap-m-¡ns¡mv a\-km AcnsI h¶p. Cbw ALv\ym Aizn`ymw ]bx Zplmw Alnw-kybmb Cu ]ip Aizn-IÄ¡p ]m Npc-¯-s«! altX ku`-Kmb km hÀ[Xmw R§-fpsS al-¯mb ku`m-Ky-¯n-\p-thn AhÄ hf-c-s«! 28. Kuc-ao-ta-Z-\p- hÕw anj´w aqÀ-[m\w ln§Ir-tWm-·m-Xhm D krIzmWw LÀa-a`n hmh-im\m anamXn ambpw ]btX ]tbm`nx Kux anj´w hÕw A\p Aao-taXv ]ip I®p Nn½p¶ I¶p-Ip-«n-bpsS ]n¶mse ap{I-bn-Sp¶p. lnw AIr-tWmXv aqÀ[m\w D amX-ssh AhÄ lnwIm-c-apm-¡p-Ibpw Ah-sâ -X-e-bv¡p t\sc (A-h -\p-th-n) ap{I-bn-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. LÀaw krIzmWw A`n hmh-im\m NqSpÅ Xsâ XmSn-sbÃv t\sc Ip\n-¨p-sImv ambpw anamXn ]tbm`nx ]btX AhÄ ap{I-bn-Sp-Ibpw (AInSv) ]mÂsImv ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp¯p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. 29. Abw k inwtà tb\ Kuc-`o-hrXm anamXn ambpw [zk-\m-h[n {inXm km Nn¯n-`nÀ\n ln NImc aÀ¯yw hnZypZv `h´o {]Xn h{hn-au-lX kx Abw inwtà tb\ Kux A`n-hrXm Ah³ aqfn-¸m«p ]mSns¡mv ]ipsh sXmgp-¯n-e-S-¡p¶p. [zk\u A[n {inXm ambpw anamXn ]pI-bpÅ Xosb B{i-bn¨v AhÄ ap{I-bn-Sp-¶p. ln km Nn¯n`nx aÀ¯yw \n NImc AhÄ aÀ¯y\nÂ\n-¶p-m-Ip¶ (D-]-{Z-h-s¯) NnXv-þ-NnZv i_vZ §fm \ncm-I-cn-¡p¶-Xn\mÂ, hnZypZv `h´o h{hnw {]Xn HulX an¶-embn `hn-¨psImv ]pX¸v Zqsc \o¡p¶p. 30. A\-Ñtb Xpc-KmXp Pohþ taPZv {[phw a[y B ]kvXym\mw Pothm arX-ky- N-cXn kz[m-`nþ caÀt¯ym aÀt¯y\m ktbm\nx A\Zv GPZv Pohw {[phw izkn-¨psImpw CfIns¡mpw Poh³ (Ah-ti-jn-¡p-s¶-¦nepw) Dd-¨ -h(-sf-¦n-epw) ]kvXym\mw at[y Xpc-KmXp itb hm-k-kvYe§-fpsSbnSbn ap³]n t\m¡msX hgnbn InS¡p¶p. Pohx arXky B kz[m`nx NcXn Pohn¡p¶-h³ acn-¨hsâ CÑ-bvs¡m¯v \o§m³ {i²n¡p-¶p. AaÀ¯yx aÀt¯y\ ktbm\nx AaÀ¯y³ aÀ¯y-\p-ambn Htc tbm\n ]¦n-Sp-¶p 31. A]iyw tKm]m-a-\n-]-Zy-am-\þ am N ]cm N ]Yn-`n-Ý-c´w k k{[oNox k hnjq-NoÀh-km-\ B hco-hÀ¯n `ph-t\-jz´x A\n-]-Zy-am\w ]Yn`nx B N Hcn-¡epw Hcn-S¯pw IpSn-tb-dmsX hgn-I-fn-eqsS ]cm N Nc´w tKm]mw A]iyw A§p-an§pw Ae-ªp\-S-¡p¶ CS-bs\ Rm³ ImWs«! kx k{[oNox kx hnjqNox hkm\x Ahn-S-hnsS Iodn-¸-dnª hkv{X-§Ä [cn¨v `ph-t\jp A´x B hco-hÀ¯n Poh-Pm-e-§Ä¡n-Sbn Ah³ apt¶m«pw ]nt¶m«pw hopw hopw \S-¡p-¶p. 32. b Cuw NImc \ tkm Aky thZ b Cuw ZZÀi lncp-Kn¶p XkvamXv k amXpÀtbm\m ]cn-hotXm A´Àþ _lp-{]Pm \ncr-Xnam hnthi bx Cuw NImc kx Aky \ thZ Ahs\ krjvSn-¨-h³ Ahs\ Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. bx Cuw ZZÀi XkvamZv lncpKv CZv \p Ahs\ In-«p-Å-h-\nÂ\n¶pw AI-se-bmWv Ah³. kx amXpx tbm\m A´x ]cn-hoXx Ah³ A½-bpsS tbm\n-bv¡I¯v Npä-s¸«p InS-¡p¶p. _lp-{]Pmx \ncrXnw B hnthi [mcmfw k´-Xn-I-fp-ÅXp-sImv Ah³ ZpxJ-a-\p-`hn-¡p¶p. 33. ZyuÀta ]nXm P\nXm \m`n-c{X _ÔpÀta amXm ]rYnho alobw D¯m-\-tbmÝtazmÀtbm-\n-c-´þ c{Xm ]nXm Zpln-XpÀKÀ`-a-m[mXv ta ]nXm P\nXm Zyux A{X \m`nx (kq-cy³:) ""Fsâ Aѳ, Fs¶ P\n-¸n-¨-h³, kzÀK-am-Wv; Chn -sSbmWv Fsâ \m`n. ta amXm Cbw alo ]rYnho _Ôpx Fsâ A½, Cu alXn-bmb `qan, Fsâ _Ôp. D¯m-\tbmx Ntazmx A´x tbm\nx aeÀ¶ cp acn-IIÄ(kzÀKhpw `qan-bpw)¡-I-¯mWv Fsâ tbm\n. A{X ]nXm ZplnXpx KÀ`w B A[mXv ChnsS Aѳ aIfn (D-j-ÊnÂ) KÀ`(kq-cy-s\)-ap-m¡p¶p.'' 34. ]rÑman Xzm ]c-a´w ]rYnhymx ]rÑman b{X `ph-\ky \m`nx ]rÑman Xzm hrjvtWm- A-izky tcXx ]rÑman hmNx ]caw thyma ]rYnhymx ]cw A´w Xzm ]rÑman `qan-bpsS At§-bäw GXm-sW¶v \nt¶mSp Rm³ tNmZn-¡p-¶p. b{X `ph-\ky \m`nx ]rÑman Fhn-sS-bmWv Poh-tem-I-¯nsâ \m`n-sb¶p Rm³ tNmZn-¡p-¶p. hrjvWx Aizky tcXx Xzm ]rÑman Imf-sb-t¸m-epÅ IpXn-c-bpsS _oP-s¯-¸än Rm³ \nt¶mSp tNmZn-¡p-¶p. ]caw hmNx thyma ]rÑman AXyp-¶-X-am-b- hm-¡nsâ kzÀK-s¯-¸än Rm³ tNmZn-¡p-¶p. 35. Cbw thZnx ]tcm A´x ]rYn-hymx Abw btÚm `ph-\ky \m`nx Abw tkmtam hrjvtWm Aizky tctXm {_Òmbw hmNx ]caw thyma ]rYnhymx ]cx A´x Cbw thZnx `qan-bpsS At§-bäw Cu thZn-bm-Wv. Abw bÚx `ph-\ky \m`nx Cu bÚ-amWv Poh-tem-I-¯n-sâ- \m-`n. hrjvWx Aizky tcXx Abw tkmax Imf-sb-t¸m-epÅ IpXn-c-bpsS _oPw Cu ip¢-am-Ip-¶p. Abw {_Òm ]caw hmNx thyma Cu {_Òm-hmWv AXyp-¶-X-amb hm¡nsâ kzÀKw. 36. k]vXmÀ[-KÀ`m `ph-\ky tctXm hnjvtWm-kvXn-jvT´n {]Znim hn[ÀaWn tX [oXn-`n-À-a-\km tX hn]-ÝnXx ]cn`phx ]cn -`-h´n hnizXx k]vX AÀ[-KÀ`mx `ph-\ky tcXx (cp temIm)À[-§-fpsS Ggp Ipªp-§Ä (k-]vXÀjn-IÄ), Poh-tem-I-¯nsâ _oPw, hnjvtWmx hn[ÀaWn {]Znim XnjvT´n hnjvWp-hnsâ \nÀtZ-i-{]Imcw hnim-e-Zni-Ifn \n¡p-¶p. [oXn`nx a\km tX hn]-ÝnXx ]cn-`phx Ah-cpsS DÄ¡m-gv¨-IÄsImpw Nn´-sImpw Cu {]tNm -Zn-Xh-N-\-§Ä a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶- B hebw sN¿p-¶-hÀ tX hnizXx ]cn `h´n \nsâ (FÃm-¯n-s\bpw) FÃm-bnS¯pw hebw sN¿p-¶p. 37. \ hn Pm\man bZn-th-Z-akvan \nWyx k¶t²m a\km Ncman bZm amK³ {]Y-aPm EXkymþ ZnZv hmtNm Aiv\pth `mK-akymx bZv Ch CZw Akvan \ hn Pm\man GXp Xc-¯n-epÅ hkvXp-hmWv Cu Rms\¶v Rm³ a\-Ên-em-¡p -¶n-Ã: k¶²x a\km \nWyx Ncman AXn\p _m[y-Ø-\m-sW-¦n-epw, Fsâ a\-Êp-t]mse cl-ky-¯n Rm³ Ae-ªp\-S-¡p-¶p. bZm- E-Xky {]Y-aPmx am B AK³ kXy-¯n\v BZyw P\n-¨-h³ (A-án) Fsâ ASp¯p h¶-t¸mÄ BZv CZv Akymx hmNx `mKw Aiv\pth am{X-amWv Cu hN-\-¯nsâ ]¦v Rm³ t\Sp-¶-Xv. 38. A]mMv {]mtMXn kz[bm Kr`otXm aÀt¯ym- aÀt¯y\m ktbm\nx Xm iiz´m hnjq-No\m hnb´m \y\yw NnIypÀ\ \n Nn-Iyp-c\yw aÀt¯y\ ktbm\nx AaÀ¯yx aÀ¯y-s\-t¸mse AtX tbm\n-bn P\n¨ AaÀ¯y³ kz[bm Kr`oXx A]mMv {]mMv GXn kz´w CÑ-bm \nb-{´n-¡-s¸-«v AI-t¯¡pw ]pd-t¯¡pw t]mIp-¶p. Xm iiz´m hnjq-No\m hnb´m Ah-cn-cp-hcpw Ft¸mgpw hn`n-¶-amb Zn¡p-I-fn shtÆsd t]mIp-¶p. A\yw \n NnIypx A\yw \ \n NnIypx AhÀ Hcmsf \nco-£n-¡p¶p; atä-hs\ \nco-£n-¡p-¶n-Ã. 39. EtNm A£tc ]cta thyma³ bkvan³ tZhm A[n hntiz \ntjZpx bkvX¶ thZ InarNm Icn-jyXn b C¯Zv hnZpkvX Cta kam-ktX bkvan³ hntiz tZhmx A[n \ntjZpx FÃm tZh-·mcpw IpSn-]mÀ¡p¶ ENx A£tc ]cta thyma³ E¡nsâ A£cw AXyp-¶X-amb kzÀK-¯n-e-t{X. bXv XZv \ thZ ENm Inw Icn-jyXn AXv (B A£-cw) Adn-bm-¯-h³ E¡psImv F´v t\Sp¶p? tb XZv hnZpx CXv tX Cta kam-ktX AXdn-bp-¶-hÀ am-{Xw ChnsS Hcp-an¨v Ccn-¡p-¶p. 40. kqb-h-km-Zv `-K-hXo ln `qbm AtYm hbw `K-h´x kyma A²n XrW-aLvt\y hniz-Zm\ow ]n_ ip²-ap-Z-I-am-N-c´n ln kqb-h-kmZv `K-hXo `qbmx \à ta¨nÂØ-es¯ ]pÃp Xn¶p-sIm-v \o A\p-Kr-lo-X-bm-hp-sa -¶Xn-\m AtYm hbw `K-h´x kyma At¸mÄ R§Ä A\p-Krlo-X-cm-hs«! ALvt\y hniz-Zm\ow N-c´o XrWw A²n Alnw-ky-bmb ]tim! Ft¸mgpw taªp-sIm-v ]pÃp Xn¶mepw! B ip²w DZIw ]n_ ChnsS h¶v ip²-Pew IpSn-¨mepw! 41. KucoÀan-amb ken-em\n X£þ tXyI-]Zo Zzn]Zo km NXp-jv]Zo AjvSm-]Zo \h-]Zo _`q-hpjo kl-{km-£cm ]cta thyma³ km Kucox ken-em\n X£Xo B t]m¯p-]ip (hm-¡v) IS-ep-IÄ cq]s¸-Sp-¯p¶ AhÄ GI-]Zo Zzn]Zo NXp-jv]Zo Hä¡m-enbpw Ccp-¡m-en-b-pamb \m¡m-en-bmWv; AjvSm-]Zo \h-]Zo ]cta thyma³ F«p-Im-enbpw H¼-Xp-Im-enbpw Bbn-¯oÀ¶v AhÄ AXyp-¶-X -amb kzÀK-¯n kl-{km-£cm _`q-hpjo anamb Bbncw A£-c-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-fm-bn ap{I-bn-Sp¶p. 42. Xkymx kap{Zm A[n hn £-c´n tX\ Poh´n {]Zn-i-Ý-X{kx XXx £c-Xy-£cw XZzn-iz-ap-]-Po-hXn Xkymx kap{Zmx A[n hn £c´n Ah-fnÂ\n¶v IS-epIÄ FÃm-bn-S-t¯¡pw Hgp-Ip-¶p: tX\ NX{kx {]Znix Poh´n AXp-sImv \mep Zn¡pIÄ Pohn-¡p-¶p, XXx A£cw £cXn AXnÂ\n¶v A£-c-w Hgp-Ip-¶p, XZv hnizw D] PohXn AXn-s\ FÃmw D]Pohn-¡p¶p. 43. iI-abw [qa-am-cm-Z-]iyw hnjq-hXm ]c G\m-h-tcW D£mWw ]riv\n-a-]-N´ hocmþ kvXm\n [ÀamWn {]Y-am-\ym-k³ hnjp-hXm Ah-tcW G\m ]cx a[y-_n-µp-hnÂ, hfsc Acn-In-epÅ Cu (Xo)¡-¸p-d¯mbn, BcmZv iI-abw [qaw A]iyw Rm³ AI-se-\n¶v NmWI-¸pI Ip. hocmx ]riv\nw D£mWw A]-N´ hoc-·mÀ ]pÅn-¡p-¯pI-fpÅ Imfsb thhn-¨p. Xm\n {]Y-am\n [ÀamWn Bk³ Ch-bm-bn-cp¶p (bÚ¯nsâ) BZys¯ {]hr¯nIÄ. 44. {Xbx tIin\ EXpYm hn N£tX kwh-Õtc h]X GI Gjmw hniz-tatIm A`n NjvtS iNo`nÀþ {[m-Pn-tc-Iky ZZrti \ cq]w {Xbx tIin\x EXpYm hn N-£tX \o apSn-bpÅ aq¶p t]À amdn-amdn Däp-t\m¡p¶p: GIky {[mPnx ZZrti \ cq]w asäm-cm-fpsS (Im-äv) Xnc¡v Zriy-amsW-¦nepw cq]w Zriy-aÃ. 45. NXzmcn hmIv ]cn-anXm ]Zm\n Xm\n hnZpÀ{_m-ÒWm tb a\o-jnWx Kplm {XoWn \nlnXm t\wK-b´n Xpcobw hmtNm a\pjym hZ´n hmIv NXzmcn ]Zm\n ]cn-anXm hm¡v \mev ]mZ-§-fn ]cn-an-X-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. tb a\o-jnWx {_mÒWmx Xm\n hnZpx {]tNm-Zn-X-Nn-´bpÅ {_mÒ-WÀ Ch Adn-bp-¶p. Kplm \nlnXm {XoWn \ CwK-b´n AhÀ Hfn-hn sh-¡s¸« aq¶v {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-¶n-Ã. a\pjymx Xpcobw hmNx hZ´n a\p-jyÀ \mem-a-t¯Xv hm¡mbn ]d-bp-¶p. 46. C{µw an{Xw hcp-W-a-án-amlpþ ctYm Znhyx k kp]ÀtWm Kcp-ßm³ GIw kZv hn{]m _lp-[m- h-Zþ ´yánw baw amX-cn-izm\-amlpx C{µw an{Xw hcpWw Aánw Blpx AXv C{µ\pw an{X\pw hcp-W\pw Aán-bp-am-sW¶v ]d-bp-¶p. AtYm kx Znhyx kp]ÀWx Kcp-ßm³ ]ns¶, Znhyhpw kzÀW-¨n-d-Ip-Å-Xp-amb Kcp-U-\m-sW¶p ]d -bp-¶p. GIw kZv hn{]mx _lp[m hZ´n H¶m-sW-¦nepw {]tNmZn-X-I-hn-IÄ AXn-s\-¸än ]ehn[w ]d-bp-¶p. Aánw baw amX-cn-izm\w Blpx AXv Aánbpw ba\pw amX-cn-izmhpw BsW¶v AhÀ ]d-bp-¶p. 47. IrjvWw \nbm\w lcbx kp]ÀWm At]m hkm\m Znh-ap-Xv]-X´n X Bh-hr-{X³ kZ-\m-Zr-Xkymþ ZnZv LrtX\ ]rYnho hypZytX lcbx kp]ÀWmx A]x hkm\mx ]nwKe\n-d-apÅ \à Nnd-Ip-Å-hÀ (]-£n-IÄ) (Pzm-e-IÄ), shůn kzbw s]mXn-ªp-sIm-v, IrjvWw \nbm\w Znhw DXv]-X´n Idp¯ amÀK-¯n-eqsS kzÀK-¯n-\p-(kq-cy-\p)t\À¡p ]d-¡p-¶p. tX EX-ky kZ-\mXv B Ah-hr-{X³ Ch kXy-¯nsâ Ccn-¸n-S-(kzÀK)¯nÂ\n¶v (ag-bm-bn) ChnsS Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p.- BZv CXv ]rYnho LrtX\ hypZytX A-t¸m-gmWv `qan s\¿p-sImp Xnf-§p-¶-Xv. 48. ZzmZi {][-b-Ý-{I-taIw {XoWn \`ym\n I D X¨n-tIX Xkvan³ kmIw {XniXm \ i¦thmÀþ ¸nXmx jjvSnÀ\ Nem-N-emkx GIw N{Iw Zzm-Zi {][bx (kqcysâ) tXÀ¨{Iw H¶v; AXn\p ]{´v AgnIÄ; {XoWn \`ym\n Ix D XXv NntIX aq¶p \m`n-IÄ þ BcnXv a\-Ên-em-¡p¶p? kmIw Nem-N-emkx {XniXm jjvSnx \ H¸w A§p-an§pw Nen¡p¶, ap¶q-ä-dp-]Xp i¦hx \ Xkvan³ AÀ¸nXmx Ipän-I-sf-¶-t]mse, AXn Dd¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. 49. bkvtX kvX\x iitbm tbm atbm-`qÀþ tb\ hnizm ]pjykn hmcymWn tbm cXv\[m hkp-hnZv bx kpZ{Xx kc-kzXn Xanl [mXth Ix kckzXn bx cXv\[mx bx hkp-hnZv kc-kzXo! \n[n \ÂIp¶Xpw k¼¯p Is-¯p-¶Xpw bx kpZ{Xx tb\ hnizm hmcymWn ]pjykn \à Zm\§Ä ssIh-cp-¯p¶Xpw FÃm Imay-h-kvXp¡fpw ]pjvSns¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xpw iibx atbm`qx tX bx kvX\x Xw Ft¸mgpw \ndªp\n¡p¶Xpw Blvfm-Zab-hp-amb \nsâ B ape Cl [mXth Ix ChnsS R§-sf IpSn¸n¨mepw! 50. btÚ\ bÚ-a-b-P´ tZhmþ kvXm\n [ÀamWn {]Y-am-\ym-k³ tX l \mIw aln-am\x kN´ b{X ]qÀth km[ymx k´n tZhmx tZhmx btÚ\ bÚw Ab-P´ tZh-·mÀ bÚwsImp bÚ-a-\p-jvTn¨p: Xm\n {]Y-am\n [ÀamWn Bk³ Ch-bm-bn-cp¶p BZys¯ {]hr-¯n-IÄ. tX l aln-am\x b{X ]qÀth Ch, AXnsâ al-Xzw, ]s¯ km[ymx- tZhmx k´n \mIw kN´ km[y-tZh·m-cp-Å kzÀK¯n \nh-kn-¡p-¶p. km[y-tZ-h-·mÀ þ IÀa-tZ-h-·mÀ. 51. kam-\-ta-X-Zp-Z-Iþ ap-ss¨-Xyh Nml`nx `qanw ]ÀP\ym Pn\z´n Znhw Pn\z-´y-ábx GXZv DZIw kam\w Cu shÅw Hcp-t]m-se-bmWv: Al`nx DXv N GXn Ah N AXv Znh-k-§-fn-ep-S-\ofw Db-cp-Ibpw Xmgp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ]ÀP\ymx `qanw Pn\z´n CSn-ap-g-¡p¶ sImSp-¦m-äp-IÄ `qansbbpw Aábx Znhw Pn\z´n Aán-IÄ kzÀKs¯bpw Dt¯-Pn¸n-¡p¶p. 52. Znhyw kp]ÀWw hmbkw _rl-´þ a]mw KÀ`w ZÀi-X-tam-j-[o\mw A`o-]tXm hrjvSn-`n-kvXÀ¸-b´w kc-kz-´-a-htk tPml-hoan kp]ÀWw A]mw KÀ`w Hmj-[o\mw ZÀiXw \à Nnd-Ip-Ifp-ÅXpw shůnsâ Ipªpw kky-§-sf Im«p-¶Xpw A`o]Xx hrjvSn`nx XÀ¸-b´w Pew sI«n-\nÀ¯n-bXnÂ\n¶p ag-I-ÄsImp Xr]vXn hcp-¯p-¶ _rl´w Znhyw hmbkw Kw`o-c-amb kzÀK¯nse ]£nbpamb kc-kz´w Ahtk tPml-hoan kc-kzms\ klm-b-¯n\p-thn Rm³ hopw hopw hnfn-¡p-¶p. H¶mw aWvU-ew, \qsägp]s¯m³]Xmw kqàw A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn¨v tem]m-ap{Z (1-þ2), AKkvXy³ (3-þ4) injy³ (5-þ6) Ejn; 6 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {Xn- jvSp¸v (_r-lXn 5 Hgn-sI); AK-kvXy\pw tem]m-ap-{Zbpw (A-\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn-¨v ""cXn'') tZhX \ymb-ambpw {]kn-²hpw kvac-Wo-b-hp-amb Cu kqàw Ipd¨p ]Zy-§-fn A[nIw Imcy-§Ä HXp-¡n- bn-cn-¡p-¶p. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§-fn 1. 165-þ191 kqà-§fpsS IÀ¯m-hmb AK-kvXy\pw ]Xv\n tem]m-ap- {Zbpw X½n-epÅ kw`m-j-W-am-Wv. C´y³ aX-km-ln-Xy-¯nepw Nn´-bnepw Ønc-amb Hcp {]ta-bs¯ AXv, {`qW-cq-]-¯n-em-sW-¦n-epw, ssIImcyw sN¿p-¶p. k\ym-khpw ]pt{Xm-ev]m-Z-\hpw X½n-epÅ _Ô-s¯-¡p-dn- ¨pÅ ]pcp-j-ta-[m-hn-Xz-]-c-amb e£y-§Ä AhnsS {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu e£y-§sf D]mkn-¡p¶ Hcp- hsâ Nn{Xhpw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ssewKn-I-ambn D¡WvTm-ep-hmb kv{Xobm-Is« AXn\v Abmsf BIÀjn-¡p-Ibpw tamln-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. CXv AbmÄ¡v k\ym-k-`mhw hnSm-sX-Xs¶ ]pt{Xm-ev]m- Z\w \S-¯m³ kuI-cy-ap-m-¡p-¶p. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-Ä tem]m-ap-{Z-bptSXv. X§-fn-cp-hcpw bÚ-]-c-amb IÀa-§Ä \nÀ¯n ssewKn-I- {In-b-bn-teÀs¸-Sm-sa¶v AhÄ AK-kvXys\ {]tNmZn-¸n-¡p-¶p. AhÄ {]m-bm-[n-Iy-¯nsâ hnj-a-I-c-amb ^e- §sf-¸än ]cm-aÀin-¡p-Ibpw (1) bYm-Imew sNt¿-Xv sN¿msX \nb-{´Ww hn« ]qÀhn-I-cpsS DZm-l-cWw Nqn-¡m-«p-Ibpw (2) sN¿p-¶p. A\p-{I-a-Wn, kmb-W-`mjyw apX-emb {]mNo-\-{K-Ù-§fpw [mcmfw B[p-\n- I-]-WvUn-Xcpw \memw ]Zyw tem]m-ap-{Z-bp-tS-Xm-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw EtKz-Z-¯nsâ k¼qÀWmw-K-e-hn- hÀ¯-I-cpsS aX-¯n AK-kvXy-hm-Iy-§-fmWv 3þ4 ]Zy-§Ä. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n AK-kvXy³ Ah-fpsS \nÀtZ-is¯ hotdmsS FXnÀ¡p-¶p. {]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-fpsS kq{X-hn-Zy-Isf X§-fn-cp-hcpw Z¼-Xn-I-sf¶ \ne- bn Hcp-an-s¨-XnÀ-¡-W-sa-¶mWv At±-l-¯nsâ aX-]-c-amb ASn-Øm-\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb hmZw. anYp-\-i-_vZ-am- Wn-hnsS {]tbm-Kn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. hnhm-ln-X-cmb Z¼-Xn-Isf¶ AÀY-¯n¯-s¶ -A-K-kvXy³ AXn\v Du¶Â sImSp-¡p-¶p. Xm¡m-enIamb, hnhm-tl-X-c-am-b, ssewKn-Im-h-iy-§Ä¡pÅ kwt`m-K-¯n\pw ssaYp-\sa¶p ]d-bm-a-tÃm. AXp-sIm-mWv Ejn-bpsS Cu Du¶Â. ]t£, AK-kvXy³ tem]m-ap-{Z-bpsS kwt`m-tK-Ñbv¡v hg-§p¶-Xm-bmWv \memw ]Zy-¯n \mw ImWp-¶-Xv. A[o-c-IÄ (tem-e-Nn-¯-IÄ) [oc-s\ (a-\-Êp-d-¸pÅhs\) ab-¡p-a-tÃm. 5þ6 ]Zy-§Ä A\p-{I-a-Wn-{]-Imcw Hcp injysâ hmIy-amWv. Npcp-§n-b-Xv, A©mw ]Zy-sa-¦n-epw Hcp- hsâ, hnti-jn¨v -{hXw þ Nmcn-{X-{hXw þ sXän A]-Y-k-©mcw \S-¯n-t¸m-bXn ]Ým¯]n-¡p¶ Hcp {_Ò- Nm-cn-bpsS þ thZ-hn-ZymÀYn-bpsS þ aX]-c-amb ]hn-{Xo-I-c-W-{i-a-am-Wn-sX-¶mWv ap³]-dª BwK-e-hn-hÀ¯- I-cpsS A`n-{]mbw (B-ap-Jw, t]Pv 379). Bdmw ]Zyw, hogv¨ ]än-sb-¦n-epw, AK-kvXysâ BËm-Z-I-c-amb ^e- §Ä Npcp-¡n-¸-d-bp-¶p: k´m-\-em-`t¯msSm¸w _ehpw tZh-·mÀ¡n-S-bn Øm\-hpw. A©mw ]Zy-s¯-¸än Fkv. U_vfyp. Pman-k¬-þsâ \nco-£Ww {it²-b-at{X: Cu ]Zyw {]mb-Ýn-¯- kn-²m´s¯ ]n´m-§p-¶p-sh-¦n-epw, AXn Ipd-¨p-IqSn A[nIw Nn´n-¡m-\p-v. AK-kvXy-þ-tem-]m-ap-{Zm- sshcp[yw aX-]-c-amb Hcp sshcp[yw {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]n¡me EtKz-Z-X-e-¯n-emWnXv IqSp-X ImWm- hp-¶-Xv. bP-am-\-]-Xv\n-sb-¡qSn bÚ-k-µÀ`-¯n ]¦m-fn-bm-¡m-\pÅ bÚ-\-ho-I-c-W-hm-Zn-I-fpsSbpw AXv A]-I-S-c-amb ]mÀiz-^-e-§-fp-f-hm-¡p-sa¶ bmYm-Øn-Xn-I-cp-sSbpw A`n-{]m-b-§Ä X-½n-epÅ kwLÀjw. \ho-I-c-W-hm-Zn-I-fpsS hàm-hm-bmWv AK-kvXy³ aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. B hmZw tIh-e- samcp ssewKn-I-{]-{In-b-bn-te¡p hgp-Xn-t¸m-sb-¶Xv thsd Imcyw. 1. ]qÀho-clw icZx i{i-amWm tZmjm -h-kvtXm-cp-jtkm Pc-b´ox an\mXn {inbw Pcnam X\q-\mþ a]yq \p ]Xv\o hrjtWm PKaypx ]qÀhox icZx tZmjm hkvtXmx (tem-]m-ap{Z:) Ignª ]e hÀj-§fmbn A´n¡pw cmhn-se-bpw, Pc-b´ox Dj-kx Alw i{i-amWm Pc _m[n-¡p¶ DjÊp-I-fn-eq-sS Rm³ A[zm-\n-¡p-IbmWv. Pcnam X\q\mw {inbw an\mXn {]mbm-[nIyw ico-c-kuµcyw Ipd-bv¡p-¶p. A]n D hrjWx \p ]Xv\ox PKaypx Imf-sb-t¸m-epÅhÀ (]pcp-j·mÀ) Ct¸mgmWv X§-fpsS `mcy-am -cpsS ASp-t¯¡p hcp-¶Xv. 2. tb Nn²n ]qÀh EX-km] Bk³ kmIw tZth-`n-c-h-Z-¶r-Xm\n tX NnZ-hm-kpÀ\ ly´-am]px kaq \p ]Xv\oÀhr-j-`nÀP-Kaypx ln tb EX-km]x EXm\n Ah-Z³ Bk³ (tem-]m-ap{Z:) kXys¯ tkhn-¨-hcpw kXyw ]dª tZth`nx kmIw ]qÀth NnXv tZh-·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-cp-amb ]qÀhn-IÀ-t]m-epw, ln \ A´w B]px tX NnXv Ah Akpx Aä-s¯-¯m¯-Xn-\m AhÀt]mepw \nb-{´Ww hn«n -cp¶p. \p ]Xv\ox hrj`nx kw D PKaypx Ct¸mÄ ]Xv\n-amÀ Imf-I-tfm-Sv Hcpan-¡Ww. 3. \ arjm {im´w bZ-h´n tZhm hnizm CXv kv]rt[m A`y-iv\-hmh Pbm-th-Z{X iX-\o-Y-amPnw bXv kay©m anYp-\m-h-`y-Pmh bZv tZhmx- A-h´n {im´w \ arjm (A-K-kvXy³:) tZh·mÀ klm-bn-¡p¶ A[zm\w \njv^-e-am-hn-Ã. hnizmx CXv kv]r[x A`n Aiv\-hmh \ap¡ncp-hÀ¡pw FÃm hmZn-I-sf-bp-sa-Sp-¡p¶p. bXv kay©m anYp\u A`y-Pmh tbmPn-¸pÅ Z¼-Xn-Isf¶ \nebv¡v \mw aÕcn-¡pt¼mÄ, A{X iX-\oYw BPnw Pbmh CXv ChnsS \ap¡ncp-hÀ¡pw \qdp X{´-§-fpÅ bp²¯n Pbn¡pI - Xs¶ sN¿mw. 4. \Zky am cp[Xx Ima BKþ ¶nX BPmtXm AapXx IpX-ÝnXv tem]m-ap{Zm hrjWw \ocn-WmXn [oc-a-[ocm [bXn izk´w am CXx AapXx IpXx NnXv (AK-kvXy³:) F\n¡v C§p-\n¶pw A§p-\n¶pw FÃm-bn-S-¯p-\n¶pw \Zky cp[Xx Imax BPmXx B AK³ Ib-dp¶ Imf-(]pcp-j-enw-Kw)bpsS Imaw Dmbnh¶ncn-¡p-¶p. tem]m-ap{Zm hrjWw \ocn-WmXn tem]m-ap{Z Imf-sb-t¸mep-Å-hs\ (F-s¶) ]pd-t¯s¡m-gp¡s«; A[ocm [ocw izk´w [bXn teme-Nn-¯-bmb kv{Xo a\-Êp-d-¸p-Å-hs\, Ah³ IqÀ¡w hen-¡p -t¼mÄ, apebq«s«! 5. Caw \p tkma-a-´ntXm lrÕp ]oX-ap] {_pth bXv koam-KÝIram XXv kp arfXp ]pep-Imtam ln aÀ¯yx A´nXx ]oXw lrÕp (in-jy³:) sXm«pap³]v IpSn¨ Fsâ lrZ-b-¯n-\-Is¯ Caw tkmaw \p D] {_pth Cu tkmaw Ct¸mÄ Ft¶mSp sI©n At]-£n-¡p¶p: bXv kw BKx NIra XXv kp arfXp \mw hcp-¯nb sXäv Ah³ \à \ne-bn am¸m-¡-s«! aÀ¯yx ]pep-Imax ln aÀ¯y³ ]e Ima-§-fp-ap-Å-h-\mW-tÃm! 6. AKkvXyx J\-am\x J\nss{Xx {]Pm-a-]Xyw _e-an-Ñ-am\x D`u hÀWm-hr-jn-cp{Kx ]pt]mj kXym tZth-jzm-intjm PKma D{Kx Ejnx AKkvXyx J\nss{Xx J\-am\x Icp-¯-\mb Ejn AK-kvXy³ ssIt¡m-«p-IÄsImp Ipgn-¨p-w {]Pmw A]Xyw _ew CÑ-am\x k´-Xn-Isfbpw A\-´-cX-e-ap-d-sbbpw iàn-sbbpw B{K-ln-¨pw D`u hÀWu ]pt]mj cp ""hÀW§''sfbpw- ]pjvSns¸-Sp-¯n. tZthjp kXymx Binjx PKma Ah³ tZh-·mÀ¡n-Sbn kXy-am-bn-h¶ {]Xo-£-I-fnse¯n-t¨À¶p. cp ""hÀW-§Ä'' þ k-´Xnbpw k\ym-k-i-àn-bpw: KmÀlØy-k-\ym-km-{i-a-§Ä hÀW-§Ä þ Imahpw X]Êpw (KmÀl-Øyhpw hm\-{]-Ø-hpw) cmw aWvUew, ]{´mw kqàw IpSpw-_-aWvUe-§-fn BZy-t¯-Xmb cmw aWvUew A\p-{I-a-Wnbpw kmb-W-`mjy-hpa\pk-cn¨v iu\I `mÀK-hsâ Z¯p-]p-{X\pw ip\-tlm{X BwKn-c-ksâ ]p{X-\p-amb KrÕ-a-Zsâ -c-N-\-bm-Wv. aWvU-e- ¯nse 43 kqà-§-fn Gsg-®-sam-gn-s¨Ãmw At±-l-¯n-tâ-Xm-sW¶v A\p-{I-aWn km£y-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. AX- \p-k-cn¨v 4þ7 kqà-§Ä tkmam-lpXn `mÀK-h-sâbpw 27-þ29 IqÀa KmÀÕ-a-Z-sâtbm KrÕ-a-Z-sâtbm cN-\-bm- sW¶pw ImWp-¶p. ]mXn-tbmfw hcp¶ 21 kqà-§-fpsS khn-ti-jX KrÕ-a-Z-]-Ã-hn-bt{X: ""_rlZz-tZa hnZtY kphocmx'' (\à hoc-·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Snb R§Ä bÚ-hn-X-c-W-¯n Kw`o-c-ambn kwkm-cn-¡-s«) aWv-U-e-¯nse Aán-]-c-¼-c-bn B{]o-kq-à-apÄs¸sS ]¯pw C{µ-]-c-¼-c-bn ]{´pw kqà-§- fp-v. ]hn-{X-a-{´-{]-`p-hmb {_Ò-W-kv]Xn/_rl-kv]-Xn¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« \mep kqà-§fpw ImWmw. ]ptcm- ln-X-cm-Pm-hmb C{µsâ ]ptcm-ln-X-kp-lr-¯mbn Ah³ {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶-Xmbn ImWmw. _rl-kv]-Xnbpw C{µ\pw A`n-¶-\m-sW¶ {]Xo-Xn. he-]p-cm-hr-¯-¯n C{µsâ Cu ]¦p ImWm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. BZn-Xy-·mÀ¡pw Ah- cn {]ap-J-\mb hcp-W¶pw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« cp hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-§fpw ChnsS hmbn-¡mw. inip-P-\-\-hp- ambn _Ô-s¸« \mep kv{XotZ-h-X-I-fp-Äs¸sS kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ kqàhpw {it²-b-am-Wv. aäp tZh-X-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-h-bmWv _m¡n kqà-§Ä. cp{Z³, A]mw \]m-¯v, khn-Xm-hv F¶n-hÀ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«h Ah-bn FSp-¯p-]-d-b-¯-¡-h-bm-Ip-¶p. iIp-\-¸£n-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ 42-þ43 kqà-§tfmSp-IqSn aWvUew Ah- km-\n-¡p-¶p. 12-þmw kqàw C{µs\ hnP-b-]qÀW-\mb Hcp tbm²m-hmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ DÛ-h-t¯msS kqàw XpS-§p-¶p (1). ]n¶oSv Ah³ temIw krjvSn-¡p-¶Xpw AXns\ hmk-tbm-Ky-am-¡p-¶Xpw ]cm-aÀin- ¡p¶p (2-þ3). XpSÀ¶v Ihn C{µ³ Zmk-·mscbpw Zkyp-¡sfbpw aäp i{Xp-¡sfbpw Pbn-¡p-¶Xpw Bcm-[- Iscbpw an{X-§sfbpw klmbn-¡p-¶Xpw \s½ Adn-bn-¡p¶p (4-þ10). kqàm-´y-¯nÂ, cm£-k-kz-`m-h-cmb i{Xp-¡-fp-sS-ta-epÅ C{µsâ {]ikvX-hn-P-b-§fpw (11-þ12) {]]-©-`-c-Whpw (13) X\n¡p bÚ-l-hn-Êp-IÄ kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶-hÀ¡p \ÂIp¶ klm-b-hpw (14-þ15) {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. C{µsâ A[n-Im-c-s¯bpw AkvXnXz- s¯-¯-s¶bpw tNmZyw sN¿p-¶-Xns\ ]cm-aÀin-¡p¶ A©mw-]Zyw IqSp-X {it²-b-a-t{X. Zmk-·m-scbpw Zkyp-¡-sf-bp-am-bn-cn-¡Ww Dt±-in-¨n-«p-m-hp-I. A¯-c-¡msc C{µ³ IogS-¡p-¶-Xnsâ hnh-cWw \memw ]Zy- ¯n-ep-v. ""`b-¦c''\mb Ah-\n ""hniz-kn-¡pI'' F¶ Xm¡oXpw Blzm-\hpw AhnsS ImWmw. C{µsâ hoc-Ir-Xy-§-sfÃmw hnh-cn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw Ah-km\w 15þm-as¯ ]Zy-¯n C{µ³ Hcp bmYmÀYy-am-sW¶p Ihn Bß-hn-izm-k-]qÀhw Dd-¸n-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ AkvXnXzw am{X-aà AXp-sImv Dd-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. ]ns¶tbm? C{µ³ ià-\m-sbmcp tZh-\m-sW¶pw bÚ-§-fn B km¶n[yw icn¡pw A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p-sh-¶p-a-t{X. 17-þmw kqàw C{µs\ XpS-¡-¯n þ Ahsâ XpS-¡-¯nepw temI-¯nsâ XpS-¡-¯nepw þ ImWn¨ iàn ImWn-¡m³ t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¡p-¶p. C{µ-sâ- bu-h-\-s¯-¸än [mcmfw ]cm-aÀi-§-fp-v: Ah³ AÑ- \nÂ\n¶p h{Pw kzoI-cn¨ ka-bw, XzjvSmhv (6), Ah³ BZys¯ t]mjWw t\Sn-bXv (2). BZys¯ t]mjWw bÚ-¯n BZyw lhnÊp kzoIcn-¨Xpw C{µ³ BZyw tkmaw IpSn-¨-Xp-am-hmw. Ahsâ DÛhw temI- ¯nsâ DÛ-h-hp-am-Ip-¶p. kqàw C{µsâ al¯pw krjvSn-]-c-hp-amb IÀa-§-fpsS ]«nI \nc-¯p¶p: Ah³ kzÀK-s¯bpw `qan-sbbpw Øm]n-¨p, ]Àh-X-§sf Dd-¸n-¨p-\nÀ¯n (5), ]ip-¡sf tamNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\v hesâ Kpl Xpd¶p (1), hr{Xs\ Iog-S¡n (6), shÅs¯ Hgp-Im³ hn«p (3, 5). Xm³ Pohn-X-hr¯n kzoI-cn-¨-Xp-t]m- se, X§Ä¡v AXp \ÂIm\pw (7, 8) temI-kr-jvSn-bn ImWn¨ Xsâ iàn-t]m-se, kz¯nsâ Afhp \ÂIm\pw Ihn C{µs\ hnfn-¡p¶p (7). XzjvSmhv C{µsâ h{Pw \nÀan-¨Xv ""FÃm P\p-Êp-I-fnÂ\n¶pw'' ""Xsâ Úm\-¯nÂ\n¶p''amsW¶ ]cm-aÀiw (6) Gsd {it²-b-a-t{X. BZy-t¯XnÂv tZh-·mcpw a\p-jy-cp- sa¶p Xmev]-cyw. cm-a-t¯-XnÂ, ""Xsâ'' F¶p ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw ""FÃm Poh-Pm-e-§-fp-sSbpw'' F¶p-X- s¶-bmWv kqN-\. 4. 42. 3þ CXv ImWmw. C{µsâ an¡ hoc-Ir-Xy-§fpw \nan-¯-amb h{P-¯nsâ Cu D]m-Zm- \-hÀW\w tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw kmI-ey-amWv FÃm-än-sâbpw {]tNm-Z-I-sa¶ ktµiw \ÂIp- ¶p. _rl-kv]-Xn-bpsS Cu kqàw cq]-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn he-]p-cm-hr-¯-¯nsâ {]Xy-£-]-cm-aÀi-§-fp-v. AhnsS C{µ-³ _rl-kv]Xnbmbn AwKn-c-Êp-Isf \bn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS Km\-¯nsâ iàn-sImv Kpl Xpd-¡p-Ibpw ss]¡-fpw Dj-Êp-I-fpw tamNn-¸n-¡s¸Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (2, 3, 18). CS-bn-epÅ ]Zy-§Ä a{´-i- àn-sb¶ {]tabw hnI-kn-¸n¡p-¶p. _rl-kv]-Xn-bmWv AXnsâ A[n-]-Xn. kXy-Úm\w sImmWv _rl- kv]Xnbpw Ah-\n-eqsS kXy-¯nsâ B[n-]-Xy-apÅ Ihnbpw i{Xp-¡sf adn-I-S-¡p-¶-Xv. AhÀ iIm-cn-¡p- ¶-h-scbpw (8) ]pÑn-¡p-¶-h-scbpw (13) D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-¯nÂ\n¶v Hgn-ªp-am-dp¶ Pev]-I-scbpw (14) Zqjyw ]d-bp-¶-h-scbpw (10) Iog-S-¡p-¶p. AhÀ -k-Xya{´-§tfmSv AhÚ {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-hscbpw (4) he sh¡p- ¶-h-scbpw (6) NXn-b-·m-scbpw (5, 16, 17) adn-I-S-¡p-¶p. Hcp-]-t£, Xsâ ià-amb hm¡p-sIm-mWv _rl-kv]Xn Ihn-bpsS i{Xp-¡-sf-t¸mepw ""]dn-s¨-dn-bp-¶-Xv'' (9). Npcp-§n-b-Xv, Nne DZm-l-c-W-§-fnse-¦nepw Ihn-bpsS-- {]Xn-tbm-Kn-IÄ aäp bP-am-\-·m-c-t{X. ChÀ¡v, ]t£, ]Z§Ä sNmÃm-\-dnbmw; Cu Km\-§-fp-ev]m-Zn- ¸n-¡p¶tXm Ah-bpsS ASn-bn InS-¡p-¶tXm Bb kXyadn-bnà (16). kXy-¯n-eq-sSbpw kXy-a-{´-§-fn-eq- sSbpw Ihnbpw Ah-sâ- BÄ¡mcpw sRcp-¡-§-fnÂ\n¶pw (4) i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶pw (5, 9) A]-I-S-¯nÂ\n¶pw (7, 8, 12) ]I-c-amb ]ptcm-K-Xn-bnÂ\n¶pw (10, 15) apàn t\Sp-¶p. 27-þmw kqà-¯nsâ H¶mw `mKw (1-þ7) IpSn-tb-ä-§-fn-te-¡pÅ bm-{X-I-fnepw Ip-Sn-tb-ä-§ÄX½n-epÅ kwLÀj-§-fnepw t\cn-Sp¶ \m\mXc-¯n-ep-apÅ A]-I-S-§fnÂ\n-¶pÅ kwc-£-W-¯n-\p-thn BZn-Xy- ·msc hnfn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ¡p c£n-¡m³ iàn-bp-v. Imc-Ww, kXy-a-\p-k-cn¨v `qanbpw kzÀK-§fpw `cn- ¡p¶ tZh-·m-cm-W-hÀ. kXy-am-WtÃm hkvXp-¡-fpsS {Iahpw kz`m-hhpw \nÀh-Nn-¡p-¶-Xv (8-þ10). Ihn ]n¶oSv Hcn-¡Â¡qSn BZn-Xy-·m-cm kwc-£n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ bm{X-bpsS {]ta-b-¯n-te¡p Xncn-bp-Ibpw IpSn-tbdn-¸mÀ¡m³ Hcp Øew, \à ta¨nÂ{]tZi-apÅ Hcp Øehpw (13) Xpd-Êm-bXpw kpc-£n-X-hp-amb asämcp Øehpw (14), Is-¯m³ t\m¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ihn Xm³ BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS kwc-£-W-¯n-\Àl-\m-sW¶p \njvIÀjn- ¡p¶p: tZh-·mÀ kzb-sa-¶-t]mse (2, 9) Xm\pw ""ipNn''bmWv (13), If-¦-\nÀap-à-\m-Wv.- Xm³ Fs´-¦nepw Ipäw sNbvXn-«p-s-¦nÂ, BZn-Xy-·m-tcmSp Zbbv¡p bmNn-¡p-Ibpw (14) Hcn-¡epw Ah-cpsS in£bv¡v ]m{X -am-hn-söp {]Xo-£n-¡p-Ibpw (16) sN¿p-¶p. 15-þsâ D¯-cmÀ[w th{X hyà-a-Ã. AhnsS ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸« cp hmk-Øm-\-§Ä ]qÀhmÀ[-¯n ]d-bp¶ kzÀKhpw `qan-bp-am-hmw. cmw aWvU-e-¯nse Htc-sbmcp hcp-W-kq-à-am-Wv 28-þm-a-t¯-Xv.. ]t£, Ggmw aWvU-e-¯nse (86-þ89) hcp-W-kq-à-§-fp-ambn CXn\p kmZr-iy-ap-v. {]tXy-In-¨v, AXnse Ipä-k-½-X-¯ns-sâ-kz-chpw tZhsâ in£- bnÂ\n¶p c£ t\Sm-\pÅ At]-£-bn-epw. BZy-]-Zyw -Xs¶ hcp-Wsâ Cc-«-¸¦v Nqn-¡m-«p-¶p-v: ""CXv BZn-Xy-s\¶ Ejn-I-hn-¡p-Å-XmWv'' F¶ BZy-h-cn- t\m¡p-I. Cu kqàw \ne-hn-epÅ FÃm-än-s\bpw AXn- i-bn-¡pw, AY-hm, asäÃm kqà-§-sf-bpw- A-Xn-i-bn¡pw F¶p Ihn- {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. AtX ka-bw, ""CXv'' tZh-sâ-Xs¶ \nb-a-hp-am-Wv. AXmWv kqà-¯n Ihn hnh-cn-¡pIbpw temI-¯nse FÃm-än-s\bpw AXn-i- bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-p¶-Xv. hàm-sh¶ \ne-bn hcp-Wsâ [Àaw Ahs\ Ihn F¶p hnti-jn-¸n-¨psImv ASn-h-c-bn-Sp-¶p. Ihn hnZzm\pw hàm-hp-am-Wv. ""a{µ³'' (-B-\-µn-¸n-¡p-¶-h³) F¶ \ne-bnÂ, IqS-¡qsS A§s\ hnti-jn-¸n-¡s¸Sp-¶-Xp-sIm-v, tlmXm-sh¶ ]ptcm-ln-X-\m-Wv. kqà-§Ä sNmÃp-¶Xv tlmXm-hm- W-tÃm. cmw ]Zyw Cu hmZw, tZh-\n-b-a-s¯bpw Ihn-bpsS DÄ¡m-gv¨-I-sf-bpw, cn-s\-bpw, ]cm-aÀin-¨p- sImv apt¶m«p sImp-t]m-Ip-¶p. ]e `oj-Wn-I-fnÂ\n¶p Xs¶ Im¯p-c-£n-¡m³, H¸w Xsâ -Zp-jvIÀa- §Ä¡v in£n-¡-cp-sX¶ At]-£-IÄ (5, 7, 9) CS-I-eÀ¯n-s¡m-pw, Ihn hcp-Ws\ hnfn-¡p¶p (3, 6, 10). kqàm-´y-`m-K¯v, Hcn-¡Â¡q-Sn, Xsâ hm¡pw tZh-\n-b-ahpw {i²n-¡-W-sa¶p (8) ]d-bp-¶p. 33-þ-a-t¯Xv cp{Z-kq-à-am-Wv. inh\p henb {]m[m\yw ]pcm-tW-Xn-lm-k-§-fn ImWp-¶p-s-¦nepw thZ-
¯ n i nh sâ asämcp t] cmb cp{Z\ v A {] -[ m-\ -amb Ø m\ ta DÅ q. EtKz-Z-¯n aq¶p kqà-§tf Ahsâ -t]-cn ImWp-¶p-Åq. cp{Z\pw tkma-\p-wIqSn cs-®hpap-v. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS AÑ-\mWv cp{Z³. Bbp-[-[m- cnbpw `b-¦-c-\p-sa¶pw ia-\u-j-[n-I-fp-sSbpw ku`m-Ky-¯n-sâbpw Zbm-a-b-\mb tZh-s\¶papÅ Cc-«-kz-`mhw cp{Z-sâ- k-hn-ti-j-X-b-t{X. Cu kqà-¯nsâ `qcn-`m-Khpw ia-\u-j-[n-I-fp-ambn cp{Z³ X§-fpsS Imcy-¯n CS-s]-S-W-sa¶pw {]Xn-Im-c-_p-²n-tbmsS s]cp-am-d-cp-sX¶papÅ At]-£-Ifm-Wv. tZhsâ ap³]-dª cp `mhhpw ChnsS {]Xy-£s¸-Sp-¶p. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS c£n-Xm-sh¶ \ne-bnepw cp{Z³ ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p (1). acp-¯p-¡-fpsS ]nXm-hmb cp{Z\v AÀ¸n-¡-s¸« kqà-¯n\p sXm«p ]n³t] acp-¯p-¡sf hÀWn-¡p¶ 34-þmw kqàw hcp-¶p. sImSp¦msä¶ \ne-bn Ah-cpsS AXyp-àn-]-chpw `mh-\m-]qÀW-hp-amb hmN-I-ssi- en-bmWv CXn {]tbm-Kn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. ChnsS Kmb-Isâ bÚ-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡m³ Ahsc £Wn-¡p-¶p. ]mXn- bm-b-t¸m-tg¡pw (6-þ7) kqà-¯nsâ tI{µ-_nµp acp-¯p-¡Ä¡p \ÂIm-hp¶ t\«-§-fn-te¡p amdp-¶p. Ahs\ kqà-¯n {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡m\pw i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶p c£n-¡m\pw Ah\p Zm\-§-f-cp-fm\pw AhÀ¡p Ign-bpw. 13-þse CSn, an¶Â, ag F¶-hbpw sImSp-¦m-än-\p-ti-j-apÅ sXfn-¨hpw ag-hn-Ãp-saÃmw IS-¶p-h-cp¶ Ae-¦m- cw {it²-bw. Gsd-¡psd \nKq-VX ]peÀ¯p¶ ]riv\n, cp{Z³ F¶o amXm-]n-Xm-¡-fnÂ\n-¶pÅ acp-¯p-¡- fpsS ]ndhn cmw ]Zy-¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. hoÀ¯ AIn-tSm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]ip-hnsâ, hnti-jn¨v Id-h-¸- ip-hnsâ, cN-\m-L-SIw kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw ImWmw (1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12). Dj-Êp-IÄ, taL-§Ä, bP-am-\-sâ- tkm-a-k-h-\-§Ä, Ah-¶pÅ acp-¯p-¡-fpsS Zm\w F¶n-hbpw AtXm-sSm¸w ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-v. {]Ir- Xn-hÀW-\-¯nÂ\n¶v bÚ-IÀa-¯n-te¡p IS-¡m³ CXp-]-I-cn-¡pw. A]mw \]m-¯n\pÅ Htc-sbmcp EtKz-Z-kq-à-am-Wv 35-þm-a-t¯-Xv. IrXn-bn aäp ]te-S¯pw Cu tZhX ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-«n-«p-s-¦n-epw. Cu tZ-h-\maw Ash-kvX-\nepw CXp-t]m-se-bp-s-¦n-epw, EtKz-Z-¯n CXv Aán-bpsS ]cym-b-ambn¯oÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu kqà-¯n Aán-bp-am-bpÅ XmZm-ßy-I-c-W-¯n-sâbpw kmßo- -I-c-W-¯n-sâbpw tZh-X-bpsS auen-I-amb kzX-{´m-kvXnXz¯nsâbpw cp hi-§fpw \mw ImWp-¶p. tZh-X-bpsS kvXpXn-tbmsS kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p¶p (1-þ2). XpSÀ¶v P·hpw kv{XoIÄ (B-Zy-sa-¦nepw CXv shÅ- a-mWv) Ahs\ hfÀ¯n-sb-Sp-¡p-¶Xpw Nne-t¸mÄ \nKq-V-amb hmN-I-ssi-en-bn hÀWn-¡p¶ lrZ-b-`mKw (3-þ11) hcp-¶p. BZyw Aánsb hnh-cn-¡p¶ ""Xnf-§p¶'' apX-emb ]Zm-hen ImWp-¶p-v (3þ4). kqàw ]ptcm-K-an-¡-th, A]mw \]m-¯nsâ `oj-W-amb hiw ]Sn-¸-Sn-bmbn kqà-¯n Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]Zm- h-enbpw Ae-¦m-c-hp-saÃmw Aán-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v IqSp-X¡q-Sp-X iàambn hcp-¶p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn 8þmw ]Zy-¯n ac-s¡m-¼p-Ifpw sNSn-Ifpw ImWmw. 9þ10 ]Zy-§-fn kzÀW-hÀW-¯n Du¶Â. ]t£, 11- þsâ D¯-cmÀ[w-hsc `uXn-I-amb Aán-bpsS Ahy-à-a-Ãm¯ ]cm-aÀiw ImW-s¸-Sp-¶pv (""Pz-en-¡pI'' F¶ {Inbbpw s\¿v `£-W-am-sW¶ ]cm-aÀi-hpw. 4þepw s\¿v ImWp-¶p-s-¦n-epw.) 11-þmw ]Zy-¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[w A]mw \]m¯v ""cl-ky-t¸cm''sW¶-dn-bn-¡p-¶Xv bmZr-Ñn-I-a-söp hyà-am-Wv. AXp-h-sc-bpÅ kqà-`mKw Hcp {]tl-fn-I-t]mse tXm-¶pw. Cu {]kvXm-h\-bm-Is«, AXn\p ]cn-lm-c-am-bpw. 13-þmw ]Zy-¯nepw A]mw \]m-¯n-sâbpw Aán-bp-sSbpw auen-I-amb X\n-a-Ifpw A]mw \]m-s¯¶ t]cv ""asäm-¶nsâ ico-c- hp-ambn''(A-án-bp-am-bn) _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw ]d-bp-¶p-v. 11-þmw ]Zy-¯n kqàw IqSp-X bÚ-]-c-amb Xncn-hn-te¡p IS-¡p-¶p. 12-þepw CXv XpS-cp-¶p. Cu bÚ-J-WvU-¯nÂ- A-]mw-\-]m-¯ns\ shÅhpw AXnsâ Cc«-bmb Aánsb Aán-]-cn-Nm-c-Icpw hfÀ¯p¶ sshcp[yw shÅw Ah\v s\¿v sImp-h-cp-¶-tXmsS ]cn-l-cn-¡--s¸-Sp-¶p. 39-þmw kqà-¯nsâ Ihn Aizn-I-fpsS Hmtcm hÀW-\hpw Hmtcm D]-a-sb-s¡mv `qjn-X-am-¡p-¶-Xn XnI¨pw auen-I-amb kao-]\w kzoI-cn-¨n-«p-v. B\p-jw-Kn-I-amb tÇjw-sImv D]-asb t]mjn-¸n-¨-Xn\v cmw ]Zyw DZm-l-c-W-ambn Nqn-¡m-Wn-¡mw. Ggv asäm-cp-Zm-l-c-Ww. asämcp khn-ti-jX Aizn-Isf ico-c-t¯mtSm ico-cm-h-b-h-§-tfmtSm D]-an-¡p-¶p-sh-¶-XmWv. Ggmw ]Zy-¯nse D]-a-bnse D]-am\w GI-h-N-\-amWv. D]-ta- bw Aizn-I-f-Ã. AhÀ¡p-thn cNn¨ Cu Km\-§-fm-Wv. Ahsb agp-hmbn k¦-ev]n--¡p-¶p. Cu D]-a-bnepw sshNn{Xyw hcp-¯nbncn¡p-¶p-sh¶p Xmev]-cyw. cmw aWvU-e-¯nse Ah-km-\s¯ cp eLp-kq-à-§Ä (42-þ43) P\-Io-b-kz-`m-h-ap-Å-hbpw awK-f- I-c-amb Ic-¨n Dm-¡p-¶-Xp-sImv iIp-\-sa¶p hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h-bp-am-Wv. A´nakqà-¯n Ihn iIp- \-¸-£n-sb, {]kn-²-amb aWvUq-I-kq-às¯ (7. 103) HmÀ½n-¸n-¡p-am-dv, bÚ-¯nse EXzn-¡p-I-tfmSv Xmc- Xays¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. cmw aWvU-ew, Ccp]¯naq¶mw kqàw KrÕ-a-Z³ Ejn; 19 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w PKXn ({Xn-jvSp¸v 15, 19 Hgn-sI); _rl-kv]Xn tZh-X _rl-kv]-Xnbpw C{µ\pw X½n-epÅ _Ôw EtKz-Z-¯n Ne-\m-ß-I-ambn \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p. he-]p-cm-hr- ¯-¯n _rl-kv]-Xnbpw {_Ò-W-kv]-Xnbpw (]-hn-{X-a-{´-{]-`p) C{µsâ t]cp-I-fmbn ImWmw. Nnte-S-¯v, ]t£, _rl-kv]Xn, C{µ-\p-ambn ASp¯p _Ô-s¸-«-h-s\-¦n-epw, Hcp kzX-{´-tZ-h-\m-Wv. Chn-sS -H-cn-S¯v _rl-kv]Xn C{µsâ Iq«p-Im-c-\mbn hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (18). Cu {]kvXm-h-\-bv¡-¸pdw C{µ-s\bpw _rl-kv]- Xn-sbbpw thÀXn-cn-¡p¶ H¶p-an-Ã. _rl-kv]-Xn-bpsS Cu kqàw cq]-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn he-]p-cm-hr-¯-¯nsâ {]Xy-£-]-cm-aÀi-§-fp-v. AhnsS C{µ-³ _rl-kv]Xnbmbn AwKn-c-Êp-Isf \bn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS Km\-¯nsâ iàn-sImv Kpl Xpd-¡p-Ibpw ss]¡-fpw Dj-Êp-I-fpw tamNn-¸n-¡s¸Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (2, 3, 18). CS-bn-epÅ ]Zy-§Ä a{´-i- àn-sb¶ {]tabw hnI-kn-¸n¡p-¶p. _rl-kv]-Xn-bmWv AXnsâ A[n-]-Xn. kXy-Úm\w sImmWv _rl- kv]Xnbpw Ah-\n-eqsS kXy-¯nsâ B[n-]-Xy-apÅ Ihnbpw i{Xp-¡sf adn-I-S-¡p-¶-Xv. AhÀ iIm-cn-¡p- ¶-h-scbpw (8) ]pÑn-¡p-¶-h-scbpw (13) D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-¯nÂ\n¶v Hgn-ªp-am-dp¶ Pev]-I-scbpw (14) Zqjyw ]d-bp-¶-h-scbpw (10) Iog-S-¡p-¶p. AhÀ -k-Xya{´-§tfmSv AhÚ {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-hscbpw (4) he sh¡p- ¶-h-scbpw (6) NXn-b-·m-scbpw (5, 16, 17) adn-I-S-¡p-¶p. Hcp-]-t£, Xsâ ià-amb hm¡p-sIm-mWv _rl- kv]Xn Ihn-bpsS i{Xp-¡-sf-t¸mepw ""]dn-s¨-dn-bp-¶-Xv'' (9). Npcp-§n-b-Xv, Nne DZm-l-c-W-§-fnse-¦nepw Ihn- bpsS {]Xn-tbm-Kn-IÄ aäp bP-am-\-·m-c-t{X. ChÀ¡v, ]t£, ]Z§Ä sNmÃm-\-dnbmw; Cu Km\-§-fp-ev]m-Zn-¸n- ¡p¶tXm Ah-bpsS ASn-bn InS-¡p-¶tXm Bb kXyadn-bnà (16). kXy-¯n-eq-sSbpw kXy-a-{´-§-fn-eq- sSbpw Ihnbpw Ah-sâ- BÄ¡mcpw sRcp-¡-§-fnÂ\n¶pw (4) i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶pw (5, 9) A]-I-S-¯nÂ\n¶pw (7, 8, 12) ]I-c-amb ]ptcm-K-Xn-bnÂ\n¶pw (10, 15) apàn t\Sp-¶p. 1. KWm\mw Xzm KW-]Xnw lhm-atl Ihnw Iho-\m-ap-]-a-{i-h-kvXaw tPyjvT-cmPw {_ÒWmw {_Ò-W-kv]X B \x irWz¶qXn`nx koZ kmZ\w {_Ò-W-kv]tX KWm\mw KW-]Xnw ]hn-{X-a-{´-§-fpsS {]t`m! KW-§-fpsS KW-]Xnbpw D]-a-{i-h-kvXaw Iho\mw Ihnw Gähpw {]i-kvX-\mb IhnI-fpsS Ihnbpw {_ÒWmw tPyjvT-cmPw Xzm lhm-atl ]hn-{X-a-{´-§fpsS AXyp-¶-X-\mb cmPmhpamb \ns¶ R§Ä hnfn-¡p-¶p. \x irWz³ DuXn`nx kZ\w B koZ R§sf tI«p-sImv \nsâ klm-bhpambn \nsâ Ccn-¸n-S-¯n Ccp-¶mepw! 2. tZhm-Ýnt¯ Akpcy {]tN-Xtkm _r-l-kv]tX bÚnbw `mK-am-\ipx D{km Ch kqtcym tPymXn-jm-atlm hntiz-jm-an-Ö-\nXm {_Ò-Wm-akn Akpcy _rl-kv]tX {]tN-Xkx tX tZhmx NnXv {]`p-hmb _rl-kv]tX! `hn-jy-ÖvRm-\-apÅ B tZh-·mÀt]mepw bÚnbw `mKw B\ipx X§-fpsS bÚ-`mKw t\Sn. tPymXnjm alx kqcyx D{kmx Ch Xsâ {]Im-i-¯neqsS alm-\mb kqcy³ Acp-W-{]-`m-X-§-fpsS sb-¶-t]m-se, hntizjmw {_ÒWmw CZv P\nXm Akn \o- FÃm a{´-§fp-sSbpw P\n-Xm-hmIp-¶p. 3. B hn_m-[ym- ]-cn-cm-]-kvX-amwkn N tPymXn-jva´w cY-ar-Xky XnjvTkn _rl-kv]tX `oa-aan-{X-Zw-`\w ct£m-l-Ww -tKm-{X-`nZw kzÀhnZw _rl-kv]tX ]cn-c]x Xamwkn N hn_m[y _rl-kv]tX! D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-¯nÂ\n-s¶m-gn-ªp-am-dp¶ Pev]-Is\bpw Ccp-«n-s\bpw AaÀ¯n-, EXky tPymXn-jva´w `oaw \o kXy-¯nsâ {]Imita´p¶Xpw `b-¦-chpw Aan-{X-Zw-`\w ct£m-lWw tKm{X-`nZw i{Xp-\m-i-Ihpw c£Êp-Isf sImÃp-¶Xpw ss]s¯m-gp-¯p - Isf ]nfÀ-¡p-¶Xpw kzÀhnZw cYw B XnjvTkn kqcys\ Is-¯p-¶-Xp-am-b tXcn Ib-dp-¶p. 4. kp\o-Xn-`nÀ\-bkn {Xmbtk P\w bkvXp`yw Zmim¶ Xawtlm Aiv\-hXv {_Ò-Zzn-j-kvX-]t\m a\yp-ao-ckn _rl-kv]tX aln Xt¯ aln-Xz\w _rl-kv]tX kp\o-Xn`nx P\w \bkn _rl-kv]tX! \o \à klm-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn P\s¯ \-bn¡p¶p; bx Xp`yw ZmimXv \n\¡v (bÚ)-tk-h\w \S-¯p-¶-hs\ Xw Awlx \ Aiv\-hXv {Xmbtk sR-cp¡taimsX c£n¡p¶p. a\ypaox {_Ò-Zznjx X]\x Akn tcmjs¯ t\cn-«p-sImv, ]hn-{X-a-{´s¯ shdp-¡p-¶-h\v \o X]-\ -\m-bn-¯o-cp¶p. tX XZv aln-Xz\w aln \nsâ B -a-lna al-¯p-X-s¶. 5. \ Xawtlm \ ZpcnXw IpX-Ý\ \mcm-XbkvXnXn-cpÀ\ Zzbm-hn\x hnizm CZ-kvamZv [zctkm hn _m-[tk bw kptKm]m c£kn {_Ò-W-kv]tX {_Ò-W-kv]tX bw c£kn AkvamXv ]hn-{X-a-´-{]t`m! \o kwc-£n-¡p-¶-h-\nÂ\n¶v, kptKm]mx hnizmx CZv [zckx hn _m[tk \à CS-b-s\-t¸m-se, FÃm D]-{Z-h-§-sfbpw amän-\nÀ¯p¶p. IpX-Ý\ Awlx \ ZpcnXw \ Hcn-S¯p-\n-¶p-apÅ sRcp¡tam _p²n-apt«m Acm-Xbx Zzbm-hn\x \ Xw XnXncpx i{Xp-¡tfm h©Itcm Ahs\ adn-I-S-¡p-I-bnÃ. 6. Xzw t\m tKm]mx ]Yn-IrZv hnN-£-Wþ kvXh {hXmb aXn-`nÀP-cm-atl _rl-kv]tX tbm t\m A`n lztcm Zt[ kzm Xw aÀaÀ¯p ZpÑp\m lc-kzXo _rl-kv]tX Xzw ]Yn-IrXv _rl-kv]tX! \o hgn-IÄ krjvSn-¡p-Ibpw hnN-£Wx \x tKm]mx Zqsc-\n¶p t\m¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ R§-fpsS CS-b-\-t{X aXn`nx Xh {hXmb Pcm-atl R§Ä Nn´-Itfm-Sp-IqSn \nsâ \nb-a-¯n\vv DWÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶-p. bx A`n lzcx Zt[ R§Ä¡v Ipcp-¡p-m-¡p-¶-hs\ Xzw kzm ZÑp\m lc-kzXo aÀaÀ¯p \o icn¡pw Xsâ AXym-]¯v hngp-§n-s¡mv Ahs\ Xhn-Sp -s]m-Sn-bm-¡s«! 7. DX hm tbm t\m aÀ¨-bm-Z-\m-Kþ tkmcm-Xo-hm -aÀ¯x km\ptIm hrIx _rl-kv]tX A]Xw hÀ¯bm ]Yx kpKw t\m Assky tZh-ho-Xtb Ir[n DX hm Acm-Xnhm bx aÀ¯x IqSmsX, i{Xp-hmb aÀ¯yt\m km\pIx hrIx A\m-Kkx \x aÀ¨-bmXv GI-\mb sN¶m-btbm Ipäw sN¿m¯ R§sf A]-I-S-s¸-Sp -¯m-s\m-cp-§-nbmÂ, _rl-kv]tX Xw ]Yx A] hÀ¯b _rl-kv]tX! Ahs\ R§-fpsS hgn-bnÂ\n¶p Xncn-¨p-hn-«mepw! \x Assky tZh-ho-Xtb kpKw Ir[n R§-fpsS Cu tZhm-\p-K-a-\-¯n\v Ffp-¸-hgn-bp-m-¡n-bmepw! 8. {Xm-Xmcw Xzm X\q\mw lhm-atlþ hkv]À¯-c-[n-h-àm-c-a-kvabpw _rl-kv]tX tZh-\ntZm \n_Àlb am Zptchm D¯cw kpav\-ap-¶-i³ Ah-kv]À¯x X\q\mw {XmXmcw c£n-Xmth! R§-fpsS ico-c-§-fpsS c£-I-\pw A[n-h-àmcw Akvabpw Xzm lhm-atl R§Ä¡p-thn ]dªpsImv R§-tfmSv B`n-apJyw ImWn¡p-¶-h\pamb \ns¶ R§Ä hnfn-¡p-¶p. _rl-kv]tX tZh-\nZx \n_Àlb _rlkv]tX! tZh\nµIsc Xmgv¯n-\nÀ¯n-bmepw! Zptchmx D¯cw kpav\w am D¶-i³ tZmjw sN¿p-¶-hÀ Gsd D¶-X-amb B\p-Iqeyw t\Sm-Xn-cn-¡s«! 9. Xzbm hbw kphr[m {_Ò-W-kv]tX kv]mÀlm hkp a\pjym ZZo-aln bm t\m Zqtc XfntXm bm Acm-Xtbmþ `n k´n Pw`bm Xm A\-]vkkx {_Ò-W-kv]tX Xzbm kphr[m ]hn-{X-a-{´{]t`m! \n¶n-eqsS hfÀ¶p -h-fsc ià-cm-b hbw a\pjym kv]mÀlm hkp B ZZo-aln R-§Ä a\pjycpambn _Ô-s¸«vv D¡WvT-tbmsS tXSnb km[-\§Ä kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-p. bmx Zqtc bmx XfnXx \x Acm-Xbx A`n k´n Zqsc-\nt¶m ZrV-amtbm R§-fp-sS-ta he-sI-«p¶ i{Xp-¡sf Xmx A\-]vkkx Pw`b (C-t¸mÄ) em`-iq-\y-am¡n XIÀ¯mepw! 10. Xzbm hb-ap-¯aw -[o-atl htbm _rl-kv]tX ]{]nWm kkv\n\m bpPm am t\m ZpÈwtkm A`n-Zn-]vkp-co-iX {] kpiwkm aXn-`n-kvXm-cn-jo-aln _rl-kv]tX ]{]nWm kkv\n\m bpPm Xzbm _rl-kv]tX! R§Ä¡p \ÂIp-Ibpw t\Sp-Ibpw sN¿p¶ Iq«-Im-c\mb \n¶n-eqsS hbw D¯aw hbx [oatl R§Ä Gä-hp-a-[nIw hocyw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p. ZpÈwkx A`n-Zn]vkpx \x am CuiX tZmjw ]d-bp-¶-hcpw NXn-¡m³ {ian-¡p-¶-hcpw R§-fpsS A[n-] -·m-cm-hm-Xn-cn-¡s«! kpiwkmx aXn`nx {] Xmcn-jo-aln \ÃXp ]d-bp-¶-h-cmbn R§Ä Nn´-I-fn-eqsS apt¶-dp-¶-p. 11. A\m-\ptZm hrjt`m PÜn-cm-lhw -\n-jvS]vXm i{Xpw ]rX-\mkp kmklnx Akn kXy EWbm {_Ò-W-kv]X D{Kky NnZv ZanXm hofp-lÀjnWx {_Ò-W-kv]tX Blhw PÜnx ]hn-{X-a-{´-{]t`m! sh-Ãphn-fn-bp-sS-t\À¡p IpXn-¡p¶h\pw A\-\pZx i{Xpw \njvS]vXm Hcp hi-t¯¡v D´n-bn-Sm-\m-hm¯h\p-w FXn-cm-fnsb iIm-cn-¡p-¶-h\pw ]rX-\mkp kklnx kXyx EW-bmx- bp²-§-fn AXn-{Ian-¡p-¶-h\pw IS§Ä kXy-ambn ho«p-¶ -h\pw D-{Kky NnZv ZanXm hofp-lÀjnWx hrj`x Akn Icp-¯s\-t¸mepw sacp-¡p-¶-h\pw cq£-amb {]Xn -tcm-[-¯n DÕp-I-\p-amb Imf-bmWv \o. 12. AtZ-th\ a\km tbm cnj-WyXn imkm-apt{Km a\y-amt\m PnLmw-kXn _rl-kv]tX am {]WIv Xky t\m ht[m \n IÀa a\ypw Zptc-hky iÀ[Xx bx AtZ-th\ a\km cnj-WyXn tZh-c-ln-X-Nn-´-I-fn-eqsS D]-{Z-hn-¡m-\p-t±-in-¡p-¶-h\pw imkmw D{Kx a\y-am\x PnLmw-kXn Xsâ \nb-a-§-fn i-à-s\¶p kzbw hnNm-cn-¡p-¶-h\pw R§sf \in-¸n¡m³ {ian-¡p-¶-h\pamb-h-sâ Xky h[x _rl-kv]tX \x am {]WIv - am-c-Im-bp[w, _rl-kv]tX! R§-fn-se-¯m-Xn-cn-¡s«! Zptc-hky iÀ[Xx a\ypw \n IÀa Zqjyw ]d-bp¶ Bß-{]-iw-k-Isâ tcmjs¯ R§Ä \njv^-e-am -¡s«! 13. `tcjp lthym \a-tkm-]-ktZym K´m hmtPjp k\nXm [\w [\w hnizm CZtcym A`n-Zn]vtkzm art[m _rl-kv]-XnÀhn hhÀlm cYm-\nh `tcjp lhyx \akm D]-kZyx B{I-a-W-§-fn hnfn-¡s¸-Sp-¶-h\pw kmZcw kao-]n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h\pw hmtPjp K´m [\w- [\w k\nXm hnP-b-k-½m-\-a-Õ-c§fn t]mIp-¶-h\pw FÃm ]´-b-§fpw t\Sp -¶-h\pamb _rl-kv]Xnx cYm³ Ch A`n-Zn]vkzx Acyx _rl-kv]Xn, (i{Xp-¡-fpsS) tXcp-I-sf-t¸mse NXn-¡m³ ]Wn-s¸-Sp¶ A]-cn-Nn-Xsâ hnizmx CZv ar[x hn hhÀl FÃm ]pÑ-§-sfbpw ]dn-s¨dn-ªp. 14. tXPn-jvTbm X]\o c£-k-kvX] tb Xzm \ntZ Z[ntc ZrjvS-hocyw Bhn-kvXXvIrjz b-Z-k¯ DIvYyw _rl-kv]tX hn ]cn-cmt]m AÀZb tb ZrjvS-hocyw Xzm \ntZ Z[ntc hocyw ImWn¨ \ns¶ i-Im-c¯n\p hnt[-b-\m-¡nb c£kx tXPn-jvTbm X]\o X] cm£-k-·msc -\o \nsâ G-ähpw IqÀ¯ s]mÅn-¡-tem-Sp-IqSn s]mÅn-¨mepw! DIvYyw bZv AkXv tX XZv Bhnx Irjz \n\¡v kqàmÀl-ambp-ÅXv shfn-s¸-Sp-¯n-bmepw! _rl-kv]tX ]cn-c-]x hn AÀZb _rl-kv]tX! D¯-c-hmZn-¯-¯nÂ\n¶v Hgn-ªp-am-dp¶ Pev]-Is\ Xpw-Xp-am-¡n-bmepw! 15. _rl-kv]tX AXn bZtcym AÀlm ZypaZv hn`mXn {IXp-a-Ö-t\jp b±o-Z-bZv ihk EX-{]-PmX XZ-kvamkp {ZhnWw t[ln Nn{Xw _rl-kv]tX Acyx AXn bZv AÀlmXv _rl-kv]tX! A]-cn-Nn-X-¶p-Å-Xn-t\-¡mÄ aqey-ap-ÅXpw EX-{]-PmX Pt\jp ZypaXv {IXp-aZv hn`mXn kXy-¯n-eqsS P\n-¨-ht\! P\-X-IÄ¡n-S-bn DÖz-e-X -tbmSpw Dt±-iyt¯m-Spw-IqSn {]Im-in-¡p-¶Xpw bZv ihkm ZoZ-bXv \nsâ iàn-sImv Xnf-§-p¶Xpw Nn{Xw XZv {ZhnWw Akvamkp t[ln an¶p¶Xpamb B kz¯v R§fn sh¨mepw! 16. am \x kvtXt\t`ym tb A`n -{Zp-l-kv]tZ \ncm-antWm cn]-thm-t¶jp PmKr[px AtZ-hm-\m-tam-ltX hn {htbm lrZn _rl-kv]tX \ ]cx kmavt\m hnZpx \x kvtXt\`yx \ncm-anWx tb At¶jp R§sf IÅ·mÀ¡pw NXn-b-·mÀ¡pw R§Ä \ÂIp¶ `£-W-§-fn A`n- P-Kr[px {Zplx ]tZ cn]hx AXymÀ¯n- ]qv h©\-bpsS ]mX-bn ]Xp-§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡pw tZhm\mw hn {hbx lrZn B HmltX am tZh-·m-cpsS iànsb FXnÀ¯p-]d-b-¶p-sh-¦nepw lrZ-b -¯n Hcp hi¯v AXv kq£n¡p-¶-hÀ¡pw sImSp-¡-cptX! _rlkv]tX kmav\x ]cx \ hnZpx _rl-kv]tX! AhÀ kma-kvXp-Xn-¡-¸pdw H¶pw Adn-bp¶n-Ã. 17. hntizt`ym lnXzm `ph-t\-`ykv]cn XzjvSm-P-\Xv kmav\x- kmav\x Ihnx k EW-Nn-Zr-Wbm {_Ò-W-kv]-XnÀþ {Zptlm l´m al EXky [À¯cn ln XzjvSm Ihnx hntiz`yx `ph-t\`yx XzjvSm-sh¶ Ihn FÃm Poh-Pm-e-§-fnÂ\n¶pw kmav\x kmav\x ]cn Xzm AP-\Xv Hmtcm kma-kvXp-XnbnÂ\n¶pw \n\¡v P·w \ÂIn-b-Xp-sIm-v, kx {_Ò-W-kv]Xnx EW-NnZv EWbmx B \o ]hn-{X-a-{´{]`p-sh¶ \ne-bnÂ, ISw hm§p-¶-h\pw ho«p-¶-h\pw al EXky [À¯cn {Zplx l´m \nsâ al-¯mb kXyw DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¡m³ h©-\sb \in-¸n-¡p-¶-h -\p-am-Ip-¶p. 18. Xh {intb hyPn-loX ]ÀhtXm Khmw tKm{X-ap-Z-krtPm bZw-Kncx Ct{µW bpPm Xakm ]co-hrXw _rl-kv]tX \nc-]m-au_vtPm AÀWhw bZv AwKncx Khmw tKm{Xw DZkrPx AwKn-cÊv ]ip-¡fpsS sXmgp¯p Xpd-¶p-hn-«-t¸mÄ, ]ÀhXx Xh {intb hyPn-loX ]ÀhXw \nsâ aln-a-bv¡pthn hm ]nfÀ¶p. _rl-kv]tX bpPm Ct{µ-W- Xakm ]cn-hr-Xw - _r-l-kv]tX! Iq«p-Im-c-\mb C{µ-t\m-Sp-IqSn, Ccp-«p-sImp aqSnb A]mw AÀWhw \nx Hu_vPx shÅ-s¸m-¡s¯ iàns¸Sp-¯n. 19. {_Ò-W-kv]tX Xzaky b´m kqàky t_m[n X\bw N Pn\z hnizw XZv `{Zw bZ-h´n tZhm _rlZv htZa hnZtY kphocmx {_Ò-W-kv]tX Xzw Aky kqàky b´m ]hn-{X-a-{´-{]t`m! \o Cu kqà-¯nsâ klm-bn-bm-hp -Ibpw X\bw t_m[n Pn\z N R§-fpsS hwim-h-en¡p Poh³ \ÂIp-Ibpw sNbvXmepw! tZhmx bZv Ah´n XZv hnizw `{Zw tZh-·mÀ klm-bn-¡p¶-sXÃmw awK-f-Ic-a-t{X. hnZtY kphocmx _rlZv htZa R§Ä bÚ-hn-X-c-W¯n kphoc-·m-cmbn Kw`o-c-ambn ]dbs«! cmw aWvvUew, Ccp]t¯gmw kqàw KrÕ-a-Z³ AYhm IqÀa KrÕ-a-Z³ Ejn; 17 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp`v; BZn-Xy-·mÀ tZh-X. kqà-¯nsâ H¶mw `mKw (1-þ7) IpSn-tb-ä-§-fn-te-¡pw- Ip-Sn-tb-ä-§ÄX½n-te-¡p-apÅ bm{X-I-fn t\cn- Sp¶ FÃm Xc-¯n-ep-apÅ A]-I-S-§Äs¡-Xnsc kwc-£-W-¯n-\p-thn BZn-Xy-·msc hnfn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ¡p c£n-¡m³ iàn-bp-v. Imc-Ww, kXy-a-\p-k-cn¨v `qanbpw kzÀK-§fpw `cn-¡p¶ tZh-·m-cm-W-hÀ. kXy-am- WtÃm hkvXp-¡-fpsS {Iahpw kz`m-hhpw \nÀh-Nn-¡p-¶-Xv (8-þ10). Ihn ]n¶oSv Hcn-¡Â¡qSn BZn-Xy-·m-cm kwc-£n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ bm{X-bpsS {]ta-b-¯n-te¡p Xncn-bp-Ibpw IpSn-dn-¸mÀ¡m³ Hcp Øew, \à ta¨nÂ{]tZi- apÅ Hcp Øehpw (13) Xpd-Êm-bXpw kpc-£n-X-hp-amb asämcp Øehpw (14), Is-¯m³ t\m¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ihn Xm³ BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS kwc-£-W-¯n-\Àl-\m-sW¶p \njvIÀjn-¡p¶p: tZh-·mÀ kzb-sa-¶- t]mse (2, 9) Xm\pw ""ipNn''bmWv (13), If-¦-\nÀap-à-\m-Wv.- Xm³ Fs´-¦nepw Ipäw sNbvXn-«p-s-¦nÂ, BZn-Xy-·m-tcmSp Zbbv¡p bmNn-¡p-Ibpw (14) Hcn-¡epw Ah-cpsS in£bv¡v ]m{X-am-hn-söp {]Xo-£n-¡p- Ibpw (16) sN¿p-¶p. 15-þsâ D¯-cmÀ[w th{X hyà-a-Ã. AhnsS ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸« cp hmk-Øm-\-§Ä ]qÀhmÀ[-¯n ]d-bp¶ kzÀKhpw `qan-bp-am-hmw. 1. Cam Knc BZn-tXyt`ym LrXkv\qx k\mZv cmPt`ym Pplzm Pptlman irtWmXp ant{Xm Acyam `tKm \þ kvXphn-PmtXm hcptWm Zt£m Awix k\mXv cmP`yx BZn-tXy`yx ]t-bpÅ cmPm-¡-·m-cmb BZn-Xy-·mÀ¡v- Pplzm LrXkv\qx Camx Kncx Pptlman Fsâ \m¡ns\ (lhnÊp tImcp¶ Xhn-bm-¡n) ]n³`m-K¯p s\¿v ]pc-«nb Cu Km\-§Ä Rm³ ]I-cp-¶p. an{Xx Acyam `Kx Xphn-PmXx an{X³, Acy-am-hv, `K³, Icp¯-\mbn ]nd¶ hcpWx Z£x Awix \x irtWmXp hcp-W³, Z£³, Awi³ F¶o -Hm-tcm-cmfpw R§sf tIÄ¡-s«. 2. Caw kvtXmaw k{I-Xthm AZy ant{Xm Acyam hcptWm Ppj´ BZn-Xymkx ipNtbm [mc-]qXm Ahr-Pn\m A\-hZym AcnjvSmx AZy k{I-Xhx [mc-]qXmx C¶v, s]mXp-hmb Xocp-am-\apÅhcpw (tkm-am)-cp-hn-sb-¶-t]mse ]hn -{Xcpw Ahr-Pn\mx A\-hZymx AcnjvSmx IuSn-eyanÃm-¯-hcpw A]-am-\-apàcpw A]-I-S-clnXcpw ipNbx BZn-Xymkx an{Xx Acyam hcpWx an¶p¶ BZnXy-·mcpamb an{X\pw Acy-amhpw hcp-W\pw ta Caw kvtXmaw Ppj´ Fsâ Cu kvXpXn-Km\w Bkz-Zn-¡pw. 3. X BZn-Xymk Dcthm K`ocm AZ-_v[mtkm Zn]vkt´m `qcy£mx A´x ]iy´n hrPn-t\mX km[p kÀhw cmP`yx ]cam NnZ´n `qcy£mx Dchx K`ocmx tX BZn-Xymkx ]e I®p-I-fpÅ hnim-ecpw Kw`o-c-cp-amb Cu BZn-Xy-·mÀ AZ-_v[mkx Zn]vk´x N-Xn-¡m-¯-h-sc-¦nepw (NXn¡p-¶-hsc) NXn-¡m³ X¿mdp-Å-h-cpw A´x hrPn\m DX km[p ]iy´n DÅn IpSn-e-scbpw t\sc-bp-Å-h-scbpw ImWp-¶h-cp-amIp-¶p. ]cam NnXv kÀhw cmP`yx A´n Gähpw Zqsc-bp-Å-h-t]mepamb FÃmw cmPm-¡-·m-cp-sS- ap³]n-et{X.- 4. [mc-b´ BZn-Xymtkm PKÕvYm tZhm hnizky `ph-\ky tKm]mx ZoÀLm-[n-tbm-c-£-aoWm Akp-cyþ arXm-hm-\-Ý-b-am\m EWm\n ZoÀL-[nbx Akpcyw c£-amWmx Zqc-hym-]-I-amb {i²bp-Å-hcpw X§-fpsS {]`pXzw Im¡p-¶-hcpw EX-hm\x EWm\n Nb-am\mx BZn-Xymkx kXy-ap-Å-hcpw IS-§Ä hm§p-¶-h-cp-amb BZn-Xy-·mÀ PKXvØmx [mc-b´x PwK-a-§-sfbpw Ømh-c-§-sfbpw \ne-\nÀ¯p-¶p. tZhmx hnizky `ph-\ky tKm]mx (Cu) tZh-·mÀ Pohtem-I-¯nsâ apgp-h³ CS-b-·m-c-t{X. 5. hnZym-am-ZnXym Ahtkm thm Aky bZ-cy-a³ `b B Nn·-tbm`p bpjvamIw an{XmhcpWm {]WoXu ]cn izt{`h Zpcn-Xm\n hrPymw BZnXymx AZy hx Ahkx hnZymw BZn-Xy-·mtc! C¶v \n§-fpsS klmbw Rm\-dn-b-s«. bXv Acy-a³ `tb NnXv B atbm`p AXv, Acy-amth! `b¯nsâ ka-b-¯p-t]mepw B\-µ-am-Ip-¶p.- an{Xm-h-cpWm bpjvamIw {]WoXu an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mtc! \n§-fp-sS- t\Xr-Xz-¯n³Io-gnÂ, iz{`m Ch Zpcn-Xm\n ]cn hrPymw `qan-bnse ]nfÀ¸pIÄt]mse hnj-a-§-sf Rm³ Hgn-hm-¡-s«. 6. kptKm ln thm Acy-a³ an{X ]Ùm -A-\r-£tcm hcpW km[p-ckvXn tX\m-ZnXym A[n thmNXm t\m bÑXm t\m Zpjv]-cn-l´p iÀa Acy-a³ an{X hcpW hx ]Ùmx Acy-amth! an{Xm! hcpWm! \n§-fpsS hgn kpKx A\r-£cx km[px AkvXn ln Ffp-¸-am-I-bmÂ, a\p-jyÀ¡v D]-{Z-h-c-ln-Xhpw t\tc \bn-¡p -¶-Xp-amWtÃm. tX\ BZnXymx \x A[n thmNX AXp-sIm-v, BZn-Xy·mtc! R§Ä¡p-thn \ymb-hm-Z-tam-Xn - bmepw! \x Zpjv]-cn-l-´p- iÀa bÑX R§Ä¡v GXp hi-¯p\n¶pw \in-¸n-¡m-\-km-[y-amb kwc-£-W-a-cp -fn-bmepw! 7. ]n-]À¯p t\m AZnXo cmP-]p-{Xmþ Xn tZzjmwkycyam kptK`nx _rl-·n-{Xky hpWky iÀtamþ ] kyma ]pcp-hocm AcnjvSmx cmP-]p{Xm AZnXnx Acyam cmPm-¡-·mÀ a¡-fmb AZn-Xnbpw Acyamhpw tZz-jmwkn AXn kptK`nx \x ]n]À¯p i{Xp-¡Ä¡-¸pdw IS-¡m-³ Ffp-¸-(hgnIÄ)sImv R§sf klm-bn-¡-s«. ]pcp-hocmx AcnjvSmx an{Xky hcp-Wky R§Ä [mcmfw hoc-·m-tcm-Sp-IqSn A]-I-S-c-ln-X-cmbn an{Xm-h -cp-W-·m-cpsS _rlZv iÀa D] kyma I\¯ kwc-£-W-¯n-\cnInte¡p hcp-¶-Xm-Wv. 8. Xnt{km `qaoÀ[m-c-b³ {Xo\pX Zyq³ {XoWn {hXm hnZtY A´-tcjmw EtX-\m-ZnXym aln thm alnXzw XZ-cy-a³ hcpW an{X Nmcp Xn{kx `qaox DX {Xo³ Zyq³ [mc-b³ Ah-À aq¶p `qanIfpw aq¶p kzÀK-§fpw DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p-¶p. Gjmw hnZtY A´x {XoWn {hXm Ch-cpsS bÚ-hn-X-cW-¯n-\-I-¯v aq-¶m-Wv \nb-a-§Ä. BZnXymx EtX\ aln hx alnXzw BZn-Xy-·mtc! kXyw-sIm-mWv a-l-¯mb \n§-fp-sS- aln-a. Acy-a³ an{X hcpW XXv Nmcp Acy-amth! an{Xm-! h-cpWm! -AXmWv \n§Ä¡p {]nbw. 9. {Xo tcmN\m Znhym [mc-b´ lnc-Wybmx ipNtbm [mc-]qXmx Akz-]v\tPm A\n-anjm AZ_v[m Dcp-iwkm EPth aÀ¯ymb {Xo Znhym tcmN\m [mc-b´ AhÀ {]Im-i-¯nsâ aq¶p kzÀKo-b-a-WvU-e-§Ä DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p-¶p. lnc-Wybmx ipNbx [mc-]qXmx þ (kzbw) kzÀW-a-bhpw an¶p-¶Xpw (tkm-am)-cp-hn-t]mse \nÀa-e-hpw. Akz-]v\Px A\n-anjmx AZ_v[mx (AhÀ) Dd-¡-an-Ãm-¯hcpw Ca Nn½m-¯-hcpw NXn-¡m-¯-hcpw EPth aÀ¯ymb Dcp-iwkmx BÀP-h-apÅ aÀ¯y-\pthn hym]-I-ambn {]Jy-m]n-¡-s¸-«-h-cp-a-t{X. 10. Xzw hntizjmw hcp-Wmkn cmPm tb N tZhm Akpc tb N aÀ¯mx iXw t\m cmkz ictZm hnNt£þ iymam-bqwjn kp[n-Xm\n ]qÀhm Akpc hcpW Xzw tb N tZhmx hcpW{]t`m! \o tZh·m-cp-sSbpw tb N aÀ¯mx hntizjmw cmPm Akn a\p-jy-cpsSbpsaÃmw cmPm-hm-Ip-¶p. \x hnNt£ iXw icZx cmkz R§Ä¡v AIse Däpt\m-¡m³ \qdp ic-¯p-¡Ä (sIm-Ã-§Ä) X¶mepw! ]qÀhm kp[n-Xm\n Bbqwjn Aiyma R§Ä ap³Im-e§-fnse kpc-£n-X-amb Bbp-Êp-I-fn-se-¯p -¶-Xm-Wv. 11. \ Z£nWm hn Nn-IntX \ khym hnjvtWm-tc-jky {]`rtY lhm-atl lnc-Wy-hÀWm³ IIp-lm³ bX-{kptNm {_Ò-Wy´x iwkyw cm[ Cuatl Gh-bmhv\x alx acpXx Xm³ hx hgn-I-fn k©-cn¡p¶ alXzapÅ acp-¯p-¡fmb B \n§sf Gjky hnjvtWmx {]`rtY lhm-atl {ZpX-K-Xn-bmb hnjvWp-hn-\p-Å bÚ-l-hn-Ên R§Ä hnfn¡p-¶p. bX-{kpNx {_Ò-Wy´x lncWy-hÀWm³ \o«nb -{kpt¡mSp-IqSn ]hn-{X-a-{´-§Ä krjvSn-¨p-sImv kzÀW-hÀW-cpw IIp-lm³ iwkyw cm[x Cuatl AXyp-¶-X-cp-amb \n§tfmSv {]Jym-]-\mÀl-amb DZm-c-X-bv¡mbn A -`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. \ {]mNo-\-am-ZnXym t\mX ]Ým ]mIym NnZv hkthm [ocym NnZv bpjvam-\otXm A`bw tPymXn-ciymw BZnXymx Z£nWm \ khym \ BZn-Xy-·mtc! Rm³ he-t¯mt«m CS-t¯mt«m {]mNo\w \ DX ]Ým \ hn NnIntX apt¶mt«m ]nt¶mt«m ImWp-¶n-Ã. ]mIym NnXv [ocym NnXv AXv ip²-Xbmtem hnÚ-Xbmtem Bh-s«, hkhx bp-jvam-\oXx A`bw tPymXnx Aiymw \Ã-h-tc! \Ã-h-cmb \n§fm \bn-¡-s¸«v Rm³ `b-hn -ap-à\mbn {]Imiw t\Ss«! 12. tbm cmP`y EX-\nt`ym ZZmi bw hÀ[-b´n ]pjvS-bÝ \nXymx k tchm³ bmXn {]Ytam ctY\ hkp-Zmhm hnZ-tYjp {]ikvXx bx EX-\n`yx cm-P`yx ZZmi kXy-¯m \bn-¡p¶ cmPm¡-·msc (B-Zn-Xy-·m-sc) tkhn-¨-hsâ bw ]pjvSbx \nXymx hÀ[-b´n N A`n-hr-²n- AhÀ iàns¸-Sp-¯pIbpw sN¿p¶p. kx {]Yax tchm³ ctY\ bmXn H¶m-as¯ k¼-¶-s\¶ \ne-bn Ah³ tXcn k©-cn-¡p-Ibpw hkp-Zmhm hnZ-tYjp {]ikvXx km[-\-§Ä \ÂIp-¶-hs\¶ \ne-bn bÚ-hn-X-c-W§fn {]Jym -]n-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 13. ipNn-c]x kqb-hkm AZ_v[ D] t£Xn hr²-hbmx kpho-cx -\-InjvSw Lv\´y´ntXm \ ZqcmZv b BZn-Xym\mw `hXn {]WoXu ipNnx AZ_v[x hr²-hbmx kphocx an¶p-¶h\pw NXn¡m¯h\pam-b A-h³ Xsâ hocyw iàn-s¸ -Sp-¯nbpw \à hoc-·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw kpb-hkmx A]x D] t£Xn \à ta¨nÂØ-e-§Ä \ÂIp¶ shÅ-¯n-\-cn-In Xma-kn-¡p-¶p. bx BZn-Xym\mw {]WoXu `hXn BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS t\Xr-Xz¯n³Io-gn Ignbp¶h\v Xw A´nXx ZqcmXv \Inx \ Lv\´n Acn-InÂ\nt¶m AI-se-\nt¶m Hcm-ª-Sn-bp-ap-m-hn-Ã. 14. AZntX an{X- h-cptWmX arf bZv thm hbw NIram I¨n-ZmKx DÀh-iym-a-`bw tPymXn-cn{µ am t\m ZoÀLm A`n- \-i³ Xan{kmx AZntX an{X hcpW DX -bZv hbw AZntX! an{Xm! hcpWm! R§Ä hx IXv NnXv BKx NIra arf \n§Äs¡-Xn-cmbn hà Ipähpw sNbvXn-«p-s-¦n Zb ImWn-¨mepw! C{µ A`bw Dcp tPymXnx- Aiymw C{µm! Rm³ `b-ap-àamb hnim-e-{]-Im-i-¯n-se-¯n-t¨-cs«! ZoÀLmx Xan{kmx \x am A`n \i³ (arXyp-hn-sâ) -ZoÀLX-aÊv R§sf {]m]n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡s«! 15. Dt` Akvssa ]o]-bXx kaoNo Znthm hrjvSnw kp`tKm \ma ]pjy³ D`m £bm hmP-b³ bmXn ]rÕqþ `mhÀ[u `hXx km[q Akvssa Akvssa Dt` kaoNo Ah-\p-thn cpw (kzÀKhpw `qan-bpw)- H-cp-an¨v Znhx hrjvSnw ]o]-bXx kzÀK-¯nse ag hoÀ¸n-¡-s«: kp`Kx \ma ]pjy³ (Ah-\mWv) t]cp-sImp kp`-K³ (\à `mKy-ap-Å-h³), D¶Xn {]m]n-¡p-¶-h³. -D`m £bu BP-b³ ]rÕp bmXn cp hmk-Øm-\§fpw Iog-S¡ns¡mv Ah³ bp²-§Ä¡n -S-bn k©cn-¡p-¶p. Akvssa D`u AÀ[u km[q `hXx Ah\v cp -h-i-§fpw t\sc t]mIp-¶-hbm-bn¯o-cp¶p. 16. bm thm ambm A`n{Zptl bP{Xmx ]mim BZnXym cn]th hnNr¯mx Aizoh Xm\Xn tbjw ctY-\mþ cnjvSm Dcmhm iÀa³ kyma bP{Xmx BZnXymx A`n-{Zptl hx bmx ambmx bÚmÀlcmb BZn-Xy-·mtc! NXn-¡p-¶-h-¶mbn Hcp-¡ -s¸« \n§fpsS amb-IÄ cn]th hnNr¯mx ]mimx h©-I-\p-thn X¿m-dm-¡-s¸« N§-e-I-f-t{X. Aizoh Xm³ ctY\ AXn tbjw Ip-Xn-c-¡m-c-s\-t¸mse Rm³ Ch-bv¡-¸pdw tXcn k©-cn-¡-s«! Dcu iÀa³ B AcnjvSmx kyma \n§-fpsS hn]p-e-amb kwc-£-W-¯n³Iogn R§Ä D]-{Z-hn-¡-s¸ -Sm-Xn-cn-¡s«! 17. amlw-a-tLmt\m hcpW {]nbky `qcn-Zm-hv\ -B-hnZw iq\-amt]x am cmtbm cmP³ kpb-am-Zh Ømw _rlZv htZa hnZtY kphocmx hcpW {]nbky atLm\x `qcn-Zmhv\x hcpWm! {]nbs¸« A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£n-bpsS, hfsc Zm\-§-tfm-Sp-Iq -Snb Bt]x iq\w Alw am B hnZw kplr-¯n-sâ, A`mhw Adnbm-Xn-cn-¡s«! cmP³ kpb-amXv cmbx am Ah Ømw cmPmth! Ffp¸w \nb-{´n-¡m-hp¶ k¼-¯nÂ\n¶p Rm³ Xmsg-sb¯mXn-cn-¡s«! kphocmx hnZtY _rlZv htZa R§Ä \à hoc-·m-cp-Åh-cmbn bÚ-hn-X-c-W-¯n Kw`o-c-ambn kwkm-cn-¡s«! cmw aWvU-ew, Ccp]s¯«mw kqàw KrÕ-a-Z³ AYhm IqÀa KrÕ-a-Z³ Ejn; 11 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v; hcp-W³ tZh-X cmw aWvU-e-¯nse Htc-sbmcp hcp-W-kq-à-am-Wn-Xv. ]t£, Ggmw aWvU-e-¯nse (86-þ89) hcp-W-kq- à-§-fp-ambn CXn\p kmZr-iy-ap-v. {]tXy-In-¨v, AXnse Ipä-k-½-X-¯ns-sâ-kz-chpw tZhsâ in£-bnÂ\n¶p c£ t\Sm-\pÅ At]-£-bn-epw. BZy-]-Zyw -Xs¶ hcp-Wsâ Cc-«-¸¦v Nqn-¡m-«p-¶p-v: ""CXv BZn-Xy-s\¶ Ejn-I-hn-¡p-Å-XmWv'' F¶ BZy-h-cn- t\m¡p-I. Cu kqàw \ne-hn-epÅ FÃm-än-s\bpw AXn-i-bn-¡pw, AY- hm, asäÃm kqà-§-sf-bpw- A-Xn-i-bn¡pw F¶p Ihn- {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. AtX ka-bw, ""CXv'' tZh-sâ-Xs¶ \nb-a-hp-am-Wv. AXmWv kqà-¯n Ihn hnh-cn-¡pIbpw temI-¯nse FÃm-än-s\bpw AXn-i-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-p¶-Xv. hàm-sh¶ \ne-bn hcp-Wsâ [Àaw Ahs\ Ihn F¶p hnti-jn-¸n-¨psImv ASn-h-c-bn-Sp-¶p. Ihn hnZzm\pw hàm-hp-am-Wv. ""a{µ³'' (-B-\-µn-¸n-¡p-¶-h³) F¶ \ne-bnÂ, IqS-¡qsS A§s\ hnti-jn-¸n- ¡s¸Sp-¶-Xp-sIm-v, tlmXm-sh¶ ]ptcm-ln-X-\m-Wv. kqà-§Ä sNmÃp-¶Xv tlmXm-hm-W-tÃm. cmw ]Zyw Cu hmZw, tZh-\n-b-a-s¯bpw Ihn-bpsS DÄ¡m-gv¨-I-sf-bpw, cn-s\-bpw, ]cm-aÀin-¨p-sImv apt¶m«p sImp- t]m-Ip-¶p. ]e `oj-Wn-I-fnÂ\n¶p Xs¶ Im¯p-c-£n-¡m³, H¸w Xsâ -Zp-jvIÀa-§Ä¡v in£n-¡-cp-sX¶ At]-£-IÄ (5, 7, 9) CS-I-eÀ¯n-s¡m-pw, Ihn hcp-Ws\ hnfn-¡p¶p (3, 6, 10). kqàm-´y-`m-K¯v, Hcn- ¡Â¡q-Sn, Xsâ hm¡pw tZh-\n-b-ahpw {i²n-¡-W-sa¶p (8) ]d-bp-¶p. 1. CZw Ith-cm-Zn-Xyky kzcmtPm hnizm\n km´y-`ykvXp aÓm AXn tbm at{µm bP-Ymb tZhx kpIoÀ¯nw `nt£ hcp-Wky `qtcx kzcmPx BZn-Xyky Ithx CZw kzX-{´cmPm-hmb BZnXy-s\¶ I-hn-bpsS CXv aÓm k´n hnizm\n A`ykvXp al-Xz-wsImv \ne\n¡p¶ FÃ-m-än-sâ-bpw-ta B[n-]Xyw t\S-s«. bx tZhx bP-Ymb a{µx AXn B tZh³ bÚ-¯n-\p-thn B\-µn-¸n-¡p-¶-h-\pw AXn-i-b-\o-b -\pat{X. hcp-Wky `qtcx kpIoÀ¯nw `nt£ Rm³ hcp-W-t\mSp [mcmfw \à IoÀ¯n-¡p-th-n bmNn-¡p-¶p. 2. Xh {htX kp`-Kmkx kyma kzmt[ym hcpW XpjvSp-hmwkx D]m-b\ Djkmw tKma-Xo-\mþ aátbm \ Pc-amWm A\p Zyq³ hcpW A\p Zyq³ Aábx \ Pc-amWmx hcpWm! R§Ä Zn\-§Ä apgp-h³ Aán-I-sf-t¸mse DWÀ¶n -cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m tKma-Xo\mw Djkmw D]m-bt\ ss]¡-sf-s¡mp k¼¶-amb Dj-Êp-Isf kao-]n-¡p-t¼mÄ kzm[y XpjvSp-hmwkx hfsc {i²-tbmsS \nsâ -kvXp-XnIÄ sNmÃn-bn-«p-Å-Xp-sIm-v, Xh {htX kp`-Kmkx kyma R§Ä \nsâ \nb-a-¯n³Iogn ku`mKy-hm·m-cm-bn-cn-¡s«. 3. Xh kyma ]pcp-ho-cky iÀaþ ¶pcp-iw-kky hcpW {]tWXx bqbw \x ]p{Xm AZn-tX-c-Z-_v[m- A`n £a[zw bpPymb tZhmx {]tWXx hcpW ]pcp-ho-cky R-§-fpsS t\Xm-hmb hcpWm! R§Ä [mcmfw hoc·mcpÅhh\pw Dcp-iw-kky Xh iÀa³ kyma hn]p-e-amb kvXpXn kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-h\pamb \nsâ c-£-W-¯n-em-h-s«. AZntXx AZ_v[mx ]p{Xmx tZhmx AZn-Xn-bpsS NXn-¡m¯ a¡tf! tZh-·m-tc! bqbw \x bpPymb A`n £a[zw \n§Ä R§sf Iq«pImcm-¡m³ CS-s]-«mepw! 4. {] koam-ZntXym Akr-PZv hn[À¯m EXw knÔthm hmcp-Wky b´n \ {imay´n \ hnap-N-t´ytX htbm \ ]]vXq cLpbm ]cn Pva³ hn[À¯m BZnXyx {] Akr-PXv Ah-cpsS hnX-c-W-¡m-c\mbn BZn-Xy³ Ahsc apt¶m-s«m-gp-¡n: knÔhx hcp-Wky EXw kow b´n \Zn-IÄ hcp-Wsâ kXy-¯n-te¡p \o§p¶p. GtX \ {imay´n \ hnap-N´n Ch £o-Wn-¡p-Itbm tamNn-¡-s¸-Sp-Itbm sN¿p¶n-Ã. hbx \ ]cn Pva³ cLp-bm- ]]vXpx Ah ]£n-I-sf-t¸mse `qansb hew-sh-¡p¶ hgn-bn-eqsS thK -¯n ]d¡p¶p. 5. hna-{Ñ-Ymb ci-\m-an-hmK E[yma tX hcpW Jmar-X-ky am X´p-ivtOZn hbtXm [nbw ta am am{Xm imcy-]kx ]pc EtXmx ci\mw Ch BKx aZv hn {iYb Ibdns\t¸mse Fs¶ Ipä-¯nÂ\n¶v inYn-e-am-¡n-bmepw! hcpW tX EXky Jmw E[yma hcpWm! R§Ä \nsâ kXy-kph-k-´-¯n-se¯p-¶-Xn hnP-bn-¡s«. [nbw hbXx ta X´px am tOZn DÄ¡mgv¨ s\¿p-¶ Fsâ \q apdn-bm-Xn-cn-¡-s«. A]kx am{Xm EtXmx ]pcm am imcn - Fsâ IÀa-¯nsâ Afhv AXn-sâ- Im-c-W-¯n\p ap³]v XI-cm-Xn -cn-¡-s«. 6. At]m kp ay£ hcpW `nbkw aXv k{am-fy-Xmthm\p am Kr`mb Zmtah hÕmZv hn apap-Kv[ywtlm \ ln XzZmtc \nan-j-Ý-t\ti hcpW aZv `nbkw kp At]m ay£ hcpWm! F¶nÂ\n¶p `b¯nsâ sI«-gn-¨mepw! EXhx k{amUv am A\p Kr`mb kXy-apÅ k{amt«! Fs¶ apdp-sI -]n-Sn-¨mepw! hÕmZv Zma Ch Awlx hn apapKv[n I¶p-Ip-«n-bnÂ\n¶p Ib-sd-¶-t]m-se, (F¶nÂ) AS-¡n-\nÀ¯ -s¸« sRcp-¡§-fpsS sI«-gn-¨mepw! ln \nanjx N\ XzZv Btc Cuti Imc-Ww, F\n¡v \nanjw-t]mepw \n¶nÂ\n¶p hn«p-\n¡m-\m-hn-Ã. 7. am t\m hss[Àh-cpW GX CjvSmþ th\x IrWz-´-a-kpc {`oW´n am tPymXnjx {]h-k-Ym\n K· hn jq ar[x in{itYm Pohtk \x hcpW tX CjvSu G\x IrWz´w hcpWm! \nsâ Ah-\pthnbpÅ th«-bn Ipäw sNbvX-h-s\- tb {`oW´n hss[x Akpc \x am A-]m-b-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ amc-Im-bp-[-§ÄsImv, {]t`m! R§sf (ASn-¡)-cptX! tPymXnjx {]h-k-Ym\n am K· R§Ä shfn-¨-¯nÂ\n¶v A\y-`q-an-I-fn-te¡p t]mIm-Xn-cn-¡s«! Pohtk \x ar[x hn kp in{iYx Pohn-¡p-¶-Xn\v R§fpsS hogv¨-IÄ ÇY-am-¡n-bmepw! 8. \ax ]pcm tX hcp-tWmX \q\þ apXm-]cw Xphn-PmX {_hma tXz ln Iw ]ÀhtX \ {inXm-\yþ {]Nyp-Xm\n Zqf` {hXm\n hcpW ]pcm DX \q\w DX A]cw hcpWm! ap³]pw Ct¸mgpw `mhn-bnepw, Xphn-PmX tX \ax {_hma Icp-¯-\mbn ]nd-¶-ht\! R§Ä \nt¶m-SpÅ BZ-c-s¯-¸än ]d-ªn«pv. ln Zqf` tXz ]ÀhtX \ Imc-Ww, NXn-¡m³ {]bm-k-amb-ht\! \n¶nÂ, ]Àh-X-¯n-se-¶-t]mse, A{]-Nyp-Xm\n {hXm\n {inXm\n Iw AN-e-amb \nb-a§Ä \nÂ-¡p-¶p. 9. ]c EWm kmho-c[ aXvIr-Xm\n amlw cmP-¶-\y-Ir-tX\ t`mPw AhypjvSm C¶p `qb-ko-cp-jmk B t\m Pohm³ hcpW Xmkp im[n hcpW EWm A[ aXvIr-Xm\n ]cm kmhox Fsâ IS§fpw Rm³ sNbvX aäp Imcy-§fpw AI-te-¡-b -¨mepw! cmP³ A\y-Ir-tX\ Alw am t`mPw cmPmth! aäp-Å-h³ sNbvX sXän\v Rm³ (in-£) A\p-`-hn-¡m-Xn -cn-¡s«! `qbkox Djkx \p CZv AhypjvSmx hf-sc-¡q-Sp-X Dj-Êp-IÄ C\nbpw ]pe-cm-\n-cn-¡p¶p: hcpW Xmkp Pohm³ \x B im[n hcpWm! Ah-bn Pohn-¡-¯-¡-hn[w R§tfmSp Iev]n¨mepw! 10. tbm ta cmP³ bpPtbm hm kJm hm kz]vt\ `bw `octh aly-aml kvtXt\m hm tbm Zn]vkXn t\m hrtIm hm Xzw XkvamZv hcpW ]mly-kvam³ cmP³ kz]vt\ hm ta bpPyx hm kJm hm cmPmth! kz]v\-¯n Fsâ Iq«p-Im-cn-sem-cp-ht\m Fsâ kJmthm `bw -bx `oc-th alyw Bl `ocp-hmb Fs¶ `oj-Wn-s¸Sp-¯p¶ Imcyw Ft¶mSp ]d-bpIp-I-bm-sW -¦ntem kvtX\x hm hrIx hm bx \x Zn]vkXn IÅt\m sN¶mbtbm R§sf NXn-¡m³ hcn-I-bm-sW-¦ntem hcpW Xzw XkvamXv Akvam³ ]mln hcpWm! \o AXnÂ\n¶v R§sf c£n-¨mepw! 11. amlw -a-tLmt\m hcpW {]nbky `qcn-Zm-hv\ -B-hnZw iq\-amt]x am cmtbm cmP³ kpb-am-Zh Ømw _rlZv htZa hnZtY kphocmx hcpW {]nbky atLm\x `qcn-Zmhv\x hcpWm! {]nbs¸« A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£n-bpsS, hfsc Zm\-§-tfm-Sp-Iq -Snb Bt]x iq\w Alw am B hnZw kplr-¯n-sâ, A`mhw Rm³ Adnbm-Xn-cn-¡s«! cmP³ kpb-amZv cmbx am Ah Ømw cmPmth! Ffp¸w \nb-{´n-¡m-hp¶ k¼-¯nÂ\n¶p Rm³ Xmsgsb¯mXncn-¡s«! kphocmx hnZtY _rlZv htZa R§Ä \à hoc-·m-cp-Åh-cmbn bÚ-hn-X-c-W-¯n Kw`o-c-ambn kwkm-cn-¡s«! - cmw aWvU-ew, ap¸¯naq¶mw kqàw KrÕ-a-Z³ Ejn; 15 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v; cp{Z³ tZhX inh\p henb {]m[m\yw ]pcm-tW-Xn-lm-k-§-fn ImWp-¶p-s-¦nepw thZ-¯n inhsâ asämcp t]cmb cp{Z\v A{]-[m-\-amb Øm\ta DÅq. EtKz-Z-¯n aq¶p kqà-§tf Ahsâ -t]-cn ImWp-¶p-Åq. cp{Z\pw tkma-\p-wIqSn cs-®hpap-v. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS AÑ-\mWv cp{Z³. Bbp-[-[m-cnbpw `b-¦-c-\p-sa¶pw ia-\u- j-[n-I-fp-sSbpw ku`m-Ky-¯n-sâbpw Zbm-a-b-\mb tZh-s\¶papÅ Cc-«-kz-`mhw cp{Z-sâ- k-hn-ti-j-X-b-t{X. Cu kqà-¯nsâ `qcn-`m-Khpw ia-\u-j-[n-I-fp-ambn cp{Z³ X§-fpsS Imcy-¯n CS-s]-S-W-sa¶pw {]Xn-Im-c- _p-²n-tbmsS s]cp-am-d-cp-sX¶papÅ At]-£-Ifm-Wv. tZhsâ ap³]-dª cp `mhhpw ChnsS {]Xy-£s¸- Sp-¶p. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS c£n-Xm-sh¶ \ne-bnepw cp{Z³ ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p (1). 1. B tX ]nXÀa-cpXmw kpav\-taXp am \x kqcyky kµrtim bptbmYmx A`n t\m hotcm AÀhXn £taX {] Pmtb-aln cp{Z {]Pm`nx acpXmw ]nXx tX kpav\w B GXp acp-¯p-¡-fpsS ]nXmth! \nsâ B\p-Iqeyw ChnsS hc-s«. \x kqcyky kµrix am bptbmYmx R§sf kqcysâ Imgv¨-bnÂ\n¶p Zqsc amän-\nÀ¯m-Xn-cp -¶mepw! \x AÀhXn hocx A`n £taX R§-fpsS IpXn-c-¸p-ds¯ hoc³ B{K-l-§Ä km[n-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-h -\m-bn-cn-¡-s«! cp{Z {]Pm`nx {] Pmtb-aln cp{Zm! R§Ä C\nbpw {]P-I-sf-s¡mv {]hr²-cmIs«! 2. XzmZ-t¯`o cp{Z i´-ta`nx iXw lnam Aiob t`j-tP`nx hykvaZv tZztjm hnXcw hywtlm hyao-hm-Ým-X-bkzm hnjqNox cp{Z XzmZ-t¯`nx iwX-ta`nx cp{Zm! \o \ÂIp¶Xpw D¯-a`mKyw sImp-h-cp¶Xp-amb t`j-tP`nx iXw lnamx Aiob ia-\(u-j-[n-I)-fn-eqsS Rm³ \qdp tla-´-(= sImÃ)§-fn- hym]n¡s«! AkvaZv tZzjx Awlx Aaohmx R§-fnÂ\n¶ shdp¸ns\bpw hnj-a-§-sfbpw tcmK-§-sfbpw hn NmX-bkz hn hnXcw hnjqNox hn AI-se, hf-sc-b-I-se, henb tXmXn Xpp-Xp-m¡n amän -bmepw! 3. t{ijvtTm PmXky cp{Z {inbmkn Xh-kvX-a-kvX-hkmw h{P-t_mtlm ]Àjn Wx ]mc-aw-lkx kzkvXn hnizm A`o-Xo -c-]tkm bptbm[n cp{Zky PmXky {inbm t{ijvTx Akn cp{Zm! P\n-¨-h-cn aln-a-sImv \o Gähpw alm-\mWv; h{P-_mtlm Xhkmw Xh-kvXax h{Pw ssII-fn-te-´n-bht\! \o iàcn Gähpw ià-\m-Wv. \x Awlkx ]mcw kzkvXn ]Àjn R§sf hnj-a-§-fp-sS a-dp-Ic IS¯n t£a-¯n-se¯n-¨mepw! c]kx hnizmx A`oXnx bptbm[n hym[n-I-fp-sS- FÃm B{Ia-W-§-fnÂ\n¶pw c£n-¨mepw! 4. am Xzm cp{Z Np{Ip-[mam \tam`nÀþ am ZpjvSpXo hrj` am klqXo Dt¶m hocm-\À¸b t`j-tP-`nÀþ `nj-àaw Xzm `njPmw irtWman cp{Z Xzm \tam`nx am ZpjvSpXo am cp{Zm! \ns¶ BZ-c-IÀa-§-fn-eq-sStbm tamiw kvXpXn-bn-eq-sStbm, hrj` klqXo am Np{Ip-[ma Imtf! A\y-tZ-h-·m-cp-ambn ]¦n-«p-sIm-pÅ hnfn-bn-eq-sStbm R§Ä t{Im[n-¸n¡m-Xn-cn-¡-s«. \x hocm³ t`j-tP`nx DZv AÀ¸b R§-fpsS hoc-·msc \nsâ ia-\u-j-[n-I-fm Dt¯-Pn-¸n-¨mepw! Xzm `njPmw `njIvXaw irtWman \o sshZy-·m-cnÂsh¨v Gähpw henb sshZy-\m-sW¶p Rm³ tIÄ¡p-¶p. 5. lho-a-`nÀl-htX tbm lhnÀ`nþ ch kvtXmta`o cp{Zw Znjob EZq-Zcx kplthm am t\m Assky _{`px kpint{]m coc-[-·-\mssb bx lho-a`nx lhnÀ`nx kvXpXn-I-tfmSpw lhn-Êp-I-tfm-Spw kvtXmta`nx cp{Zw Assky a\mssb ""Fsâ kvXp-Xn-Itfm-Sp-IqSn Rm³ cp{Zs\ Fsâ kz´w ]qÀW-`m -K-¯nÂ\n¶p Ah Znjob lhtX hntÑ-Zn-¡s«'' F¶p hnNm-cn¨v Ahs\ hnfn-¡p-¶-hsâ Bthi¯n\v EZq-Zcx kplhx kpin{]x _{`px arZp-lr-Z-b\pw Ffp¸w hnfn-¡m-hp-¶-h-\p-w \à Npp-Ifpw Xhn-«p -\n-dhp-apÅh³ \x am coc-[Xv R§sf A{]-[m-\-cm-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-s«. 6. D·m aaµ hrjt`m acp-Xzm³ Xz£o-b-km -h-bkm \m[-am\w LrWoh Ñmbm-a-c]m Aiobm hnhm-tkbw cp{Zky kpav\w acp-Xzm³ hrj`x \m[-am\w am acp-¯p-¡tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Imf Bh-iy-¡m-c-\m-b- Fs¶ Xz£o-bkm hbkm DZv aaµ Xsâ Gsd DuÀP-kz-e-amb hocyw-sImv DWÀ¯s«! LrWn Ombmw Ch Ac]mx Aiob shbn-e¯v XW-en-se-¶-t]mse Rm³ Cu hym[n-ap-à\nse-¯-s«: cp{Zky kpav\w B hnhm-tkbw Rm³ cp{Zsâ B\pIqeyw ChnsS BIÀjn-¡-s«. 7. Iz kz tX cp{Z arf-bmIpÀþ lkvtXm tbm AkvXn t`jtPm Pemjx A]-`À¯m c]tkm ssZhykymþ `o \p am hrj` N£-aoYmx cp{Z ssZhyky c]kx A]-`À¯m cp{Zm! tZh-·m-cnÂ\n¶p hcp¶ hym[n- ZqcoI-cn¡p¶ bx t`jPx Pemjx arf-bmIpx ia-\u-j-[ta´p¶ Zbm-a-b-amb tX kyx lkvXx Iz AkvXn? \nsâ B ssI FhnsSbmWv? hrj` \p am A`n- N-£-aoYmx Imtf! \o Ct¸mÄ Ft¶mSp Zm£nWyw ImWn-¨mepw! 8. {] _{`th hrj-`mb iznXotN atlm alow kpjvSp-Xn-ao-c-bman \akym Ieva-eo-In\w \tam-`nÀþ KrWo-akn tXzjw cp{Zky \ma _{`th iznXotN hrj-`mb Xhn-«p-\n-d-ap-Å-h\pw tim`-\-ap-J-\p-amb Imfbv¡v alx alow kpjvSpXnw {] Cuc-bman Rm³ AXnal¯mb \sÃmcp kvXpXn- apt¶m«pbÀ¯p-¶p. Ieva-eo-In\w \tam`nx cp{Zky \aky Xos¸mcn NnX-dp-¶ cp{Z-s\ kmZ-c-w \a-kvI-cn-¨mepw! tXzjw \ma KrWo-akn R§Ä cp{Zsâ Zo]vX-amb t]cv ]mSn kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. 9. Øntc-`n-cwssKx ]pcp-cq] Dt{Km _{`px ipt{I`nx ]n]nti lncssWyx Cuim-\m-Zky `ph-\ky `qtcÀþ \ hm D tbmjZv cp{Zm-Z-kpcyw Øntc`nx AwssKx D{Kx ]pcp-cq]x ZrV-amb Ah-b-h-§tfm-Sp-IqSnbh\pw Icp-¯-\pw ]e cq]-§-fp -Å-h\pamb _{`px ipt{I`nx lncssWyx ]n]nti Xhn-«p-\nd-ap-Å-h³ an¶p¶ kzÀW(m-`-c-W-§Ä)sImv kzbw Ae-¦-cn-¡p¶p. `qtcx `ph-\ky Cuim-\mZv [mcmfw Poh-tem-I-¯n-t·Â B[n-]-Xy-apÅ Aky cp{ZmZv Akpcyw \ ssh D tbmjXv Cu cp{Z\nÂ\n¶p {]`p-iàn \nÝ-b-ambpw thdn-«p-t]m-hp -I-bnÃ. 10. AÀl³ _n`Àjn kmb-Im\n [\zmþ Àl³ \njvIw bPXw hniz-cq]w AÀl-¶nZw Zbtk hniz-a`zw \ hm HmPotbm cp{Z XzZkvXn AÀl³ kmb-Im\n [\z _n`Àjn \o AÀl-X-tbmsS A¼p-Ifpw hnÃpw [cn-¡p¶p; AÀl³ hniz-cq]w bPXw \njvIw AÀl-X-tbmsS FÃm cq]-§-fn-ep-apÅ bÚ-I-WvTm-`-c-W-§Ä [cn -¡p¶p; AÀl³ CZw A`zw hnizw Zbtk AÀl-X-tbmsS Cu Acq]--amb iq\yX apgp-h³ ]¦n-Sp-¶p. cp{Z XzZv HmPobx \ ssh AkvXn cp{Zm! \nt¶-¡mÄ iàamb H¶pw XoÀ¨-bmbpw \ne-\n¡p-¶n-Ã. 11. kvXpln {ipXw KÀ¯-kZw bphm\w arKw \ `oaap]-l-Xv\p-ap{Kw arfm Pcnt{X cp{Z kvXhmt\mþ \yw tX Akva-¶n- h-]´p tk\mx KÀ¯-kZw D{Kw `oaw arKw \ D]-lXv\pw D¶-X-amb Ccn¸n-S-¯n-t·Â Ccn-¡p-¶-h\pw Icp-¯\pw `b -¦-c-amb h\y-ar-K-s¯-t¸mse NmSn-ho-gp-¶-h\pamb {ipXw bphm\w kvXpln {]i-kvXn s]ä bphmhns\ kvXpXn-¨mepw! cp{Z kvXhm\x Pcnt{X arf cp{Zm! \o kvXpXn-¡-s¸-«v KmbI-t\mSv Zb Im«n-bmepw! tX tk\mx AkvaZv A\yw \n h]´p \nsâ Bbp-[§Ä R§-f-Ãm¯ asäm-cm-sf l\n¡s«! 12. Ipam-c-ÝnXv ]nXcw hµ-am\w {]Xn \m\ma cpt{Zm-]-b´w `qtcÀZm-Xmcw kXv]Xnw KrWotj kvXpXkvXzw t`jPm cmkykvta cp{Z Ipamcx NnZv hµ-am\w cp{Zm! sIm¨p-Ip-«nt]mepw hµn-t¡-p¶ ]nXcw D]-b´w {]Xn \\ma AÑs\ ASp¯p hcp-t¼mÄ \an-¡p-¶p. `qtcx ZmXmcw kXv]Xnw KrWotj A[nIw \ÂIp-¶- IpSntb-ä-§-fpsS A[n-]s\ Rm³ kvXpXn¡p¶p. kvXpXx Xzw Akvta t`jPm cmkn kvXpXn-¡-s¸-«v \o R§Ä¡v ia-\u-j-[n-IÄ X¶mepw! 13. bm thm t`jPm acpXx ipNo\n bm i´am hrjtWm bm atbm`p bm\n a\p-c-hr-WoXm ]nXm \þ kvXm Xm iw N tbmÝ cp{Zky hivan hrjWx acpXx bm ipNo\n t`jPm Imf-sb-t¸m-epÅ acp-¯p-¡tf! \n§-fpsS an¶p¶ ia-\u-j-[n-IÄ bm iwXam bm atbm`p Gähpw `mKym-hl-§fpw B\-µw-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. bm\n \x ]nXm a\px Ahr-WoX Ah-sb-bmWv R§-fpsS ]nXm-hmb a\p hcn-¨-Xv. cp{Zky iw N tbmx N Xm hivan cp{Zsâ `mKyhpw BbpÊp-ambn R§Ä Ah B{K-ln-¡p¶p. 14. ]cn tam tlXo cp{Zky hrPymx ]cn tXzjky ZpÀa-XnÀalo KmXv Ah Øncm -a-L-h-Zv`y-kvX-\pjz aoVz-kvtXm-Imb X\-bmb arf cp{Zky tlXnx \x ]cn hrPymx cp{Zsâ iqew R§sf - H-gn-hm-¡-s«. 15. Ghm _t{`m hrj` tNIn-Xm\ bYm tZh \ lrWotj \ lwkn lh-\-{ipt¶m cpt{Zl t_m[n _rlZv htZa hnZtY kphocmx _t{`m hrj` tNIn-Xm\ tZh Xhn-«p-\n-d-apÅ Imtf! Ft¸mgpw ImWm-hp-¶- tZhm! bYm \ lrWotj \ lwkn R§-tfmSp t{Im[n-¡pIbpw lnwkn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿m-Xncn¡p-amdv cp{Z lh-\-{ipXv Cl \x Gh t_m[n cp{Zm! R§-fpsS hnfn-IÄ tI«p-sImv ChnsS R§-sf-¯s¶ {i²n¨mepw! hnZtY kphocmx _rlZv htZa bÚ-hn-X-c-W-¯n \à hoc-·m-cp-Å-h-cmbn R§Ä Kw`o-c-ambn kwkm-cn-¡s«! cmw aWvU-ew, ap¸¯n\memw kqàw KrÕ-a-Z³ Ejn; 15 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w PKXn ({XnjvSp¸v 15 Hgn-sI); acp-¯p-¡Ä tZhX acp-¯p-¡-fpsS ]nXm-hmb cp{Z\v AÀ¸n-¡-s¸« kqà-¯n\p sXm«p ]n³t] acp-¯p-¡sf hÀWn-¡p¶ Cu kqàw hcp-¶p. sImSp¦msä¶ \ne-bn Ah-cpsS AXyp-àn-]-chpw `mh-\m-]qÀW-hp-amb hmN-I-ssi- en-bmWv CXn {]tbm-Kn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. ChnsS Kmb-Isâ bÚ-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡m³ Ahsc £Wn-¡p-¶p. ]mXn- bm-b-t¸m-tg¡pw (6-þ7) kqà-¯nsâ tI{µ-_nµp acp-¯p-¡Ä¡p \ÂIm-hp¶ t\«-§-fn-te¡p amdp-¶p. Ahs\ kqà-¯n {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡m\pw i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶p c£n-¡m\pw Ah\p Zm\-§-f-cp-fm\pw AhÀ¡p Ign-bpw. 13-þse CSn, an¶Â, ag F¶n-hbpw sImSp-¦m-än-\p-ti-j-apÅ sXfn-¨hpw ag-hn-Ãp-saÃmw IS-¶p-h-cp¶ Ae-¦m- cw {it²-bw. Gsd-¡psd \nKq-VX ]peÀ¯p¶ ]riv\n, cp{Z³ F¶o amXm-]n-Xm-¡-fnÂ\n-¶pÅ acp-¯p-¡- fpsS ]ndhn cmw ]Zy-¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. hoÀ¯ AIn-tSm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]ip-hnsâ, hnti-jn¨v Id-h-¸- ip-hnsâ, cN-\m-L-SIw kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw ImWmw (1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12). Dj-Êp-IÄ, taL-§Ä, bP-am-\-sâ- tkm-a-k-h-\-§Ä, Ah-¶pÅ acp-¯p-¡-fpsS Zm\w F¶n-hbpw AtXm-sSm¸w ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-v. {]Ir- Xn-hÀW-\-¯nÂ\n¶v bÚ-IÀa-¯n-te¡p IS-¡m³ CXp-]-I-cn-¡pw. 1. [mcm-hcm acptXm [rjvtWzm-Ptkm arKm \ `oamkvXhn-jo-`n-cÀ¨n\x Aátbm \ ipip-Nm\m EPo-jntWm `ranw [at´m A] Km Ahr-WzX [rjvtWzm-Pkx acpXx [mcm-hcmx [oc-amb iàn-bpÅ acp¯p-¡tf! Hgp-Ip¶ Acp-hn-Isf hcn-¡p-¶ -hcpw Xhn-jo`nx arKmx \ `oamx AÀ¨n\x Icp-¯p-I-fm h\yar-K-§-sf-t¸mse `b-¦-c-·mcpamb AhÀ kvXp - Xn-¡-s¸-«psImpw Aábx \ ipip-Nm\mx EPo-jnWx Aán-I-sf-t¸mse {]Imin-¨p-sImpw cP-X-]m-\o-b-w \pIÀ¶psImpw `ranw [a´x Kmx A] Ahr-WzX sImSp-¦m-ä-p- hoin ss]¡sf Xpd-¶p-hn-Sp¶p. 2. Zymthm \ kvXr`n-Ýn-X-b´ JmZnt\m hy{`nbm \ ZypX-b´ hrjvSbx cpt{Zm bZv thm acptXm cpIva-h-£tkm hrjm-P-\n- ]riv\ymx ip{I Du[\n bZv cp{Zx hx hrjm ipt{I -cp-{Z³ \n§Ä¡p-thn I®-©n-¸n-¡p¶ {]Im-i-apÅ Imf-bpsS ip¢w ]riv\ymx Du[\n AP\n ]riv\n-bpsS AIn-Sn P\n-¸n-¨-t¸mÄ, cpIva-h-£kx acpXx amdn HuÖz-ey-§-tfm-Sp-IqSnb acp¯p-¡tf! kvXr`nx Zymhx \ JmZn\x NnX-b´ \£-{X-§-tfm-Sp-IqSnb hn®p-t]m-se, AhÀ X§-fpsS an¶p¶ teml-hfItfmSp--IqSn {]Xy-£-s¸Sp¶p. A{`nbmx hrjvSbx \ hn ZypX-b´ sImSp-¦m-äp-m-¡p¶ taL-§-fnÂ\n¶p ag-IÄt]mse AhÀ an¶nad-bp¶p. 3. D£t´ Aizm-\-Xy-m\n-hm-Pnjp \Zky IÀssW-kvXp-c-b´ Bip`nx lnc-Wy-in{]m acptXm Zhn-[zXx ]r£w bmY ]rj-Xo`nx ka-\yhx BPnjp AXym³ Ch Aizm³ D£t´ AhÀ, aÕ-c-§fn ]S-¡p-Xn-c-I-sf-t¸m-se, X§-fpsS IpXn-c -Isf \\bv¡p¶p. \Zky IÀssWx Bip`nx Xpc-bt´ Cuä-(¨m-«-hm-dnsâ) ({]-tNm-Z-\-¯mÂ) ""ImXp-IÄ''sImv AhÀ {ZpX-K-Xn-IÄ¡p thKw-Iq-«p¶p. acpXx lnc-Wy-in{]mx Zhn-[zXx acp-¯p-¡tf! kzÀWm-[-c§-fpÅ \n§Ä \nc-´-cw -Ah (A-[-c-§Ä) hnd-¸n-¡p-¶p. ka-\yhx ]rj-Xo`nx ]r£w bmY GI-a-\-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bhtc! \n§Ä \n§-fpsS ]pÅn-s¸¬Ip-Xn-c-I -tfm-Sp-IqSn tIm«-sI-«nb (kp-c-£n-X-am-b) `£-W-¯n-\p-thn t]mIp-¶p. 4. ]rt£ Xm hnizm `ph\m hh-£ntc an{Xmb hm kZam Poc-Zm-\hx ]rj-Z-izmtkm A\-h-{`-cm-[k EPn-]ymtkm \ hbp-t\jp [qÀjZx Poc-Zm-\hx hnizm `ph\m Poh-ÊpÅ IW-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bhÀ FÃm Poh-Pm-e-§Ä¡ptam kZx an{Xmb hm ]rt£ B hh-£ntc Ft¸mgpw kJy¯n-ep-Å-hÀt¡m tIm« sI-«m³ \nÝ-bn¡p¶p.- ]rj-Z-izmkx A\-h-{`-cm-[kx ]pÅn-s¸¬Ip-Xn-c-I-tfm-SpIq-Sn, ]n³henbm¯ DZm-c-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn, EPn-]ymkx hbp-t\jp \ Xm [qÀjZx t\sc ]d¡p¶ ]£n-IÄ bm{X-bv¡n-S-bn (ac-s¡m-¼p-I-fn-Â) F¶t]mse, AhÀ tXÀ¡p-än-I-fn- Ccn-¡p-¶p. 5. CÔ-\z-`nÀt[--\p`o c]vi-Zq-[-`nþ c[z-kva`nx ]Yn-`nÀ{`m-P-Zr-jvSbx B lwkmtkm \ kzk-cmWn K´\ at[mÀa-Zmb acpXx ka-\yhx {`mP-Zr-jvSbx c]vi-Zq-[`nx CÔ-\z`nx t[\p`nx Xnf-§p¶ Ip´-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-htc! \n§-fpsS \ndª AIn-Sp-IfpÅ Pzen-¡p¶ Id-h-¸-ip-¡-tfm-sSm¸w, A[z-kva`nx ]Yn`nx kzk-cmWn lwkmkx \ If-¦-c-ln-X-amb hgn-I-fn-eq-sS, \à ta¨nÂØ-e-§-fnte¡p lwk§sf-¶-t]mse at[mx aZmb ka-\yhx acpXx B K´\ a[p-a-Z-¯n\mbn GI--a-\-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Snb acp-¯p-¡tf! C-hn-sS - h-¶mepw! 6. B t\m {_ÒmWn acpXx ka-\ythm \cmw \ iwkx -k-h-\m\n K´\ Aizm-an-h- ]n-]yX t[\p-aq-[\n IÀ¯m [nbw Pcnt{X hmP-t]-ikw ka-\yhx acpXx \x {_ÒmWn kh-\m\n GI-a-\-tÊm-SpIq-Snb acp-¯p-¡tf! R§-fpsS ]hn-{X-a-{´ - §-fn-te¡pw kh-\-§-fn-te¡pw \cmw iwkx \ B K´\ \cm-iw-ks\(A-ánsb)t¸mse, h¶mepw! Aizmw Du[\n t[\pw- Ch ]n]yX s]¬Ip-Xn-c-sbt¸msebpw AIn-«n-epÅ Id-h-¸-ip-sh-t¸m-sebpw Ah aW¯mepw! Pcnt{X hmP-t]-ikw [nbw IÀ¯ Kmb-I\v k½m-\-w Ae¦m-c-amb ZmÀ\n-I-Nn-´-bp-m-¡n-bmepw! 7. Xw t\m ZmX acptXm hmPn\w cY B]m\w {_Ò NnX-bZv Znth Znth Cjw kvtXmXrt`ym hrP-t\jp Imcth k\nw ta[m-a-cnjvSw ZpjvScw klx acpXx \x ctY hmPn\w acp-¯p-¡tf! R§Ä¡v tXcp-ambn _Ô-s¸« k½m-\-tP-Xm-hns\bpw Znth Znth NnX-bXv Xw B]m\w {_Ò \mÄ¡p-\mÄ kphyà-amhp¶ e£yw t\Sp¶ ]hn-{X-a -{´s¯bpw kvtXmXr`yx Cjw Imcth hrP-t\jp k\nw ta[mw kvtXmXm-¡Ä¡v `£Ws¯bpw Kmb-I\v (bÚ) -im-eIfn Xsâ t\«-amb Úm\s¯bpw AcnjvSw ZpjvScw klx ZmX At`Zyhpw A\-Xn-i-b-\o-bhp-amb iànsbbpw X¶m-epw! 8. bZv bpRvPtX acptXm cpIva-h-£tkmþ izm³ ctY-jp- `K B kp-Zm-\hx t[\pÀ\ intiz kzk-tcjp ]n\ztX P\mb cmX-l-hntj alo-anjw bZv cpIva-h-£kx acpXx `tK amdn-S-§-fn HuÖz-ey-§fpÅ acp-¯p-¡Ä \à `mKy¯n-\p-thn Aizm³ ctYjp B bpRvPtX IpXn-c-Isf tXcp-I-fn sI«p-t¼mÄ, kpZm-\hx kzk-tcjp t[\px intiz \ \à IW-§-fpÅ AhÀ, ta¨nÂØ-e-§-fn Id-h-¸-ip- I¶p -Ip-«n-sb-sb¶-t]m-se, cmX-l-hntj P\mb alow Cjw ]n\ztX lhn-Êp-I-fÀ¸n¡p-¶-hs\ I\¯ `£-Ww-sImp ]pjvSn -s¸-Sp¯p-¶p. 9. tbm t\m acptXm hrI-XmXn aÀt¯ym cn]pÀZt[ hkthm c£Xm cnjx hÀ¯-bX X]pjm N{In-bm`n Xþ ah cp{Zm -A-itkm l´\m h[x hkhx acpXx bx \x hrI-XmXn Zt[ \Ã-h-cmb acp-¯p¡tf! R§sf sN¶m-bbv¡p sImSp-¡p¶ cn]px aÀ¯yx cnjx c£X NXn-b-\mb aÀ¯ysâ D]-{Zh¯nÂ\n¶v R§sf c£n-¨mepw! Xw X]pjm N{Inbm A`n hÀ¯-bX Ahs\ \n§fpsS s]mÅn-¡p¶ N{Iw-sImv Dcp-«n-bmepw! cp{Zmx Aikx h[x Ah l´\ cp{Z·mtc! DNn-X-amb -{]Jym-]-\-§-fn-Ãm-¯-hsâ amc-Im-bp-[-§sf ASn-¨n-«mepw! 10. Nn{Xw XZv thm acptXm bma tNIntX ]riv\ym bZq-[-c-]ym-]tbm Zplpx bZv hm \ntZ \h-am-\ky cp{Znbmþ kv{XnXw Pcmb Ppc-Xm-a-Zm`ymx bZv A]n B]bx ]riv\ymx Du[x Zplpx Dä kplr-¯p¡Ä ]riv\n-bpsS AInSp Id¶-t¸mgpw bZv hm AZm`ymx cp{Zn-bmx AsÃ-¦nÂ, cp{Zsâ NXn-¡m¯ a¡tf! \h-am-\ky \ntZ PpcXmw Pcmb -{XnXw kvXpXn-¡p-¶-hs\ \nµn-¡m\pw Pcm-_m-[n-Xsc \in¸n¡m\pw {XnX-s\- (sh¨-t¸mgpw) acpXx hx XXv Nn{Xw bma -tN-IntX acp-¯p-¡tf! \n§fpsS Cu tim`-\-amb amÀKw tim`-\-ambn tXm¶p-¶p. 11. Xm³ thm atlm acpX Gh-bmhvt\m hnjvtWm-tc-jky {]`rtY lhm-atl lnc-Wy-hÀWm³ IIp-lm³ bX-{kptNm {_Ò-Wy´x iwkyw cm[ Cuatl Gh-bmhv\x alx acpXx Xm³ hx hgn-I-fn k©-cn¡p¶ alXzapÅ acp-¯p-¡fmb B \n§sf Gjky hnjvtWmx {]`rtY lhm-atl {ZpX-K-Xn-bmb hnjvWp-hn-\p-Å bÚ-l-hn-Ên R§Ä hnfn¡p-¶p. bX-{kpNx {_Ò-Wy´x lncWy-hÀWm³ \o«nb -{kpt¡mSp-IqSn ]hn-{X-a-{´-§Ä krjvSn-¨p-sImv kzÀW-hÀW-cpw IIp-lm³ iwkyw cm[x Cuatl AXyp-¶-X-cp-amb \n§tfmSv {]Jym-]-\mÀl-amb DZm-c-X-bv¡mbn A -`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. 12. tX ZiKzmx {]Yam bÚ-aq-lntc tX t\m ln\z´qjtkm hypjvSnjp Djm \ cmao-c-cp-ssW-c-t]mÀWptX atlm tPymXnjm ipNXm tKmAÀWkm tX ZiKzmx {]Yamx bÚw Dulntc B Zi-Kz-·m-cmWv- BZys¯ bÚw \S-¯n-b-Xv. Djkx hypjvSnjp tX \x ln\z´p Dj-Ênsâ DÖz-e-X-Ifn AhÀ R§sf DWÀ¯-s«. Djmx AcpssWx cmaox \ alx ipNXm DjÊv Acp-Wcivan-I-fm cm{XnIsfsb-¶-t]m-se, hn]p-e-amb I®©n¸n-¡p¶ tPymXnjm tKmAÀWkm At]mÀWptX {]Im-iw-sImv ]ip-¡-fpsS shÅ-s¸m-¡t¯msS Xp-d-¶p -hnSp¶p. 13. tX t£mWo-`n-c-cp-tW-`n-c-RvPn`o cp{Zm EXky kZ-t\jp hmhr[px \nta-L-am\m AtXy\ ]mPkm kpÝ{µw hÀWw Z[ntc kpt]-ikw t£mWo`nx Acp-tW`nx tX cp{Zmx KÀP-\-§tfm-sS (C-SnIÄ), Acp-W-(civan)IfpsS (D-j-Êv) B`-c-W - §-tfmsS B cp{Z-·mÀ EXky kZ-t\jp hhr[px kXy-¯nsâ hgn-I-fn ià-cmbn hfcp¶p. AtXy\ ]mPkm \ \nta-L-am\mx ]S-¡p-Xn-c-bptSXpt]m-epÅ coXnbn aq{X-sam-gn-¨p-sImv ARvPn`nx kpN{µw kpt]-ikw hÀWw Z[ntc AhÀ- Gsd `mkp-c-amb X§-fpsS kpa-t\m-l-c-\ndw ssIs¡mÅp¶p. 14. Xm\n-bmt\m aln hcq-Y-aq-Xb D] tLtZ\m \akm KrWo-akn {XntXm \ bm³ ]© tlmXrr-\-`n-jvSb Bh-hÀ¯-Z-h-cm³ N{In-bm-htk aln hcqYw DuXtb Xm³ Cbm\x henb \ymb-hm-Z-¯n-\p-thnbpw klm-b-¯n-\p-th-nbpw HcmÄ Ah-tcm-S`yÀYn-¡p-t¼mÄ, G\m \akm D] CZv KrWo-akn L R§Ä ChnsS kmZc-amb Ah-Im-i-t¯msS Ahsc kqàw sN¿p-¶p. {XnXx \ A`n-jvStb bm³ ]© {XnX³ B[n-]-Xy-¯n-\p-thn A©p tlmXrr³ Ah-cm³ tlmXm-¡sf (ChnsS sImp-h-¶Xp-t]m-se), Ahtk N{Inbm Bh-hÀ¯Xv AhÀ Ahs\ klm-bn¡m-³ N{I-§Ä Chn-tS¡v Dcp-«n. 15. bbm c{[w ]mc-b-Ym-Xywtlm bbm \ntZm ap©Y hµn-Xmcw AÀhmNo km acptXm bm h DuXnþ tcm jp hmt{ih kpa-XnÀPn-KmXp bbm c{[w Awlx AXn ]mc-bY \n§Ä ZpÀ_es\ sRcp¡-§Ä adn-I-S-¡m³ \bn-¡p-¶Xpw bbm hµn-Xmcw \nZx ap©Y kvXpXn¡p-¶-hs\ iIm-c¯nÂ\n¶p tamNn-¸n-¡p-¶Xpamb acpXx bm hx DuXnx km AÀhmNo B \n§-fpsS klm-b-w, acp-¯p-¡tf! \n§-fpsS Acn-In ¯-s¶bpv. kpaXnx hm{im Ch kp Hm PnKmXp \n§-fpsS Zbm-hmbv¸v, ap{I-bn-Sp-¶- (]-ip)sh-t¸mse, Chn-sS - h-cs«! cmw aWvU-ew, ap¸s¯m³]Xmw kqàw KrÕ-a-Z³ Ejn; 8 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v; Aizn-IÄ tZhX Cu kqà-¯nsâ Ihn Aizn-I-fpsS Hmtcm hÀW-\hpw Hmtcm D]-a-sb-s¡mv `qjn-X-am-¡p-¶-Xn XnI¨pw auen-I-amb kao-]\w kzoI-cn-¨n-«p-v. B\p-jw-Kn-I-amb tÇjw-sImv D]-asb t]mjn-¸n-¨-Xn\v cmw ]Zyw DZm-l-c-W-ambn Nqn-¡m-Wn-¡mw. Ggv asäm-cp-Zm-l-c-Ww. asämcp khn-ti-jX Aizn-Isf ico-c-t¯mtSm ico-cm-h-b-h-§-tfmtSm D]-an-¡p-¶p-sh-¶-XmWv. Ggmw ]Zy-¯nse D]-a-bnse D]-am\w GI-h-N-\-amWv. D]-ta- bw Aizn-I-f-Ã. AhÀ¡p-thn cNn¨ Cu Km\-§-fm-Wv. Ahsb agp-hmbn k¦-ev]n--¡p-¶p. Cu D]-a-bnepw sshNn{Xyw hcp-¯nbncn¡p-¶p-sh¶p Xmev]-cyw. 1. {Kmhm-tWh XZn-ZÀYw PtctY Krt{[h hr£w \n[n-a-´-aÑ {_Ò-mtWh hnZY DIvY-ikm ZqtXh lhym P\ym ]pcp{Xm {KmhmWm Ch hr£w Kr{[m Ch ]nSn-¡-Ãp-I-sft¸msebpw ac-¯n\p-t\sc Igp-I·m-sc-t¸m-sebpw hnZtY DIvY-ikm {_ÒmWm Ch bÚ-hn-X-cW-¯n kqà-§Ä sNmÃp-¶ a{´-Im-c-·m-sc-t¸m-sebpw P\ym ]pcp{Xm lhym ZqXm Ch P\-§sf tkhn¨psImv ]e Øe-§-fn hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶ ZqX-·m-sc -t¸m-sebpw \n[n-a´w AÑ XZÀYw CZv PtctY (tX-\nsâ) Hfn-ªn-cn-¡p¶ \n[nbpÅ-sX¶ Cu Dt±-iy-¯n-\p -am{Xw \n§-fncp-hcpw DW-À¶mepw! 2. {]mXÀbm-hmWm ctYyh hocmþ tPh bam hcam ktNtY tat\ Ch X\zm ipw`-amt\ Z¼-Xoh {IXp-hnZm Pt\jp cYym hocm Ch {]mXÀbm-hmWm tXcn hoc-·m-sc-t¸mse AXn-cm-hnse bm{X sNbvXpsImv bam APm Ch hcw Cc-«bmSp-I-sf-t¸mse \n§Ä hcn¡p-¶-Xns\ X\zm ipw`-amt\ tat\ Ch i-co-c-§sf tim-`-am-\-am-¡n At\ym\yw ssIam-dp¶ `mcyamsc-t¸m-sebpw Z¼Xo Ch Pt\jp {IXp-hnZm hcw B ktNtY hnhm-lnX-Z-¼Xn-am-sc-t¸msebpw P\-§-Ä¡nSbn \n§Ä Hcp s]mXpXo-cp-am\w Is-¯ns¡mv B{K-ln-¡p-¶-hs\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. 3. irwtKh \x {]Yam K´-aÀhmIv Ñ]m Ch PÀ`p-cmWm Xtcm`nx N{I-hm-tIh {]Xn-h-kvtXm-cp{kmÀþ hm©m-bmXw ctYyh i{Im {]Yam irwKm Ch PÀ`p-cmWm arK-¯nsâ BZyw apf¡p¶ sIm¼p-I-sf-t¸mse Ømbn-bpw Xtcm`nx i^u -Ch \x AÀhmIv K´w iàamb Ipf-¼pI-sf-t¸msebpw \n§Ä R§-fp-sS-t\À¡p h¶mepw! i{Im D{km {]Xn hkvtXmx N{I-hmIm Ch ià-cmb AcpWm-`·mtc! Hmtcm {]`m-X-¯nepw (kamK an¡p¶) N{IhmI-¸-£n-I-sft¸msebpw cYym Ch AÀhm©m bmXw tXcm-fn-I-sf-t¸m-sebpw Ct§m«p h¶mepw! 4. \mthh \x ]mc-bXw bptKh \t`yh \ D]-[oh {][oh izmt\h t\m Acn-jWym X\q\mw JrK-teh hn{kkx ]mX-a-kvam³ \mhm -Ch bpKm Ch tXmWn-I-sf-t¸msebpw \pI-§-sft¸m-sebpw \`ym Ch D][o Ch N{I-IqSw t]m-sebpw AXnsâ ]eIt]msebpw {][o Ch \x ]mc-bXw _mly-h-ebw t]m-sebpw R§sf A¡c IS-¯n-bmepw! \x X\q\mw Acn-jWym R§-fpsS ico-c-§Ä¡v A]ISw hcp-¯m-sXbpw izm\m Ch JrKem Ch \mbv¡-sf-t¸m-sebpw Ddp-¡p-I-sf-t¸m-sebpw hn{k-kx- A-kvam³ ]mXw B]-¯nÂ\n¶p R§sf c£n-¨mepw! 5. hmtX-hm-Pqcym \tZyh coXnþ c£o Ch N£pjm bmX-aÀhmIv lkvXm-hnh Xt\z iw`-hn-jvTm- ]m-tZh t\m \bXw htkym AÑ hmXm -Ch APpcym Imäp-I-sf-t¸mse Pc _m[n-¡m-sXbpw \Zym Ch coXnx \Zn-I-sf-t¸mse (H-ä)-sbm-gp-¡mbpw A£o Ch N£pjm I®p-I-sf-t¸mse Imgv¨-tbm-Sp-IqSnbpw AÀhmKv B bmXw t\sc Ct§m«p h¶mepw! lkvXu Ch ]mZm Ch ssIImep-I-sft¸m-sebpw Xt\z iw `hnjvTm ico-c-¯n\p kpJw hcp-¯n-s¡mv \x hkypx AÑ \bXw R§sf IqSp-X sa¨-s¸« ØnXnbn-te¡p \bn-¨mepw! 6. HmjvTmhnh a[zm kvt\ hZ´m kvX\m-hnh ]n]yXw Pohtk \x \mtkh \kvXt\zm c£n-Xmcm IÀWm-hnh kp{ipXm `qX-akvta HmjvTu- Ch kvt\ a[p B hZ´m Npp-IÄt]mse hmbv¡p-thn tXt\m-Xn-s¡mv kvX\u Ch \x Poh-tk ]n]yXw ape-I-sf-t¸mse R§sf Pohn-¡m³ ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯n-bmepw! \mkm Ch \x X\zx c£n-Xmcm `qXw aq¡nÂXp-f-I-sf-t¸mse R§-fpsS ico-c-¯nsâ c£n-Xm-¡-fmbn `hn-¨mepw! IÀWu Ch Akvta kp{ipXm ImXp-I-sf-t¸mse R§sf \à tIÄhn-¡m-cm-bmepw! 7. lkvtXh iàn-a`n kwZZo \x £mtah \x ka-PXw cPmwkn Cam Kntcm Aizn\m bpjva-b´ox £vtWmt{X-tWh kz[nXnw kw inioXw lkvXu Ch \x iànw A`n kwZZo ssII-sf-t¸mse R§Ä¡v (X-¸w)-sIm-«m-\pÅ iàn X¶mepw! £ma Ch \x cPmwkn kw APXw `qan-(sbbpw kzÀKs¯-bpw) t]mse R§Ä¡p \t`m-W-WvU-e-§ -sfm-cp-¡n-bmepw! Aizn\m bpjva-b´ox Camx Kncx Aizn-Itf! \n§sf tXSnbpÅ Cu Km\-§Ä¡v, £vtWmt{XW kz[nXnw Ch kwin-ioXw Dc-I-ÃpsImp agp-hns¶¶t]mse, aqÀ¨ Iq«n-bmepw! 8. GXm\n hma-izn\m hÀ[-\m\n {_Ò kvtXmaw KrÕ-a-Zmtkm A{I³ Xm\n \cm PpPp-jm-tWm-]-bmXw _rlZv htZa hnZtY kphocmx Aizn\m KrÕ-a-Zmkx GXm\n Aizn-Itf! KrÕ-a-Z-·mÀ Cu hmw hÀ[-\m\n {_Ò kvtXmaw A{I³ \n§sf iàn-s¸Sp-¯p¶ ]hn-{X-a-{´-§fpw kvXpXn-Km-\ -§fpw \nÀan-¨n-cn¡p-¶p. \cm Xm\n PpPp-jmWm D] bmXw D¶-X-]p-cp-j-·m-cmb \n§-fn-cp-hcpw Ch-bn B\-µn-¨p-sImv Acn-In-te¡p h¶mepw! hnZtY kphocmx _rlZv htZa R§Ä bÚ-hn-X-c-W-¯n \à hoc-·m-tcm-Sp-IqSn Kw`o-c-ambn kwkm-cn-¡s«! cmw aWvUew, \m¸¯ncmw kqàw KrÕ-a-Z³ Ejn; 3 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {Xn-jvSp¸v; iIp-\-¸£n tZhX (I]n-Rve-cq-]n-bmb C{µs\¶v hÅ- t¯mfpw H. Fw. kn. bpw) cmw aWvU-e-¯nse Ah-km-\s¯ cp eLp-kq-à-§Ä P\-Io-b-kz-`m-h-ap-Å-hbpw awK-f-I-c-amb Ic-¨n Dm-¡p-¶-Xp-sImv iIp-\-sa¶p hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h-bp-am-Wv. 1. I\n-{I-Z-Ö-\pjw {]{_p-hmW CbÀ¯n hmN-a-cn-tXh \mhw kpaw-K-eÝ iIpt\ `hmkn am Xzm ImNn-Z-`n`m hnizym hnZXv I\n-{I-ZZv P\pjw {]{_p-hmWx Ft¸mgpw Nne¨pw Xsâ Xc-¡msc Adn-bn¨pwsImv, AcnXm Ch \mhw hmNw CbÀ¯n Xpg-¡m-c³ tXmWnsb-sb-¶-t]m-se, AXv hm¡p-bÀ¯p-¶p. kpaw-Kex N `hmkn iIpt\ \o ip`-i-Ip-\-am-sW-¦nÂ, ]£o! Im NnZv A`n`m Xzm hnizym am hnZXv Hcn-¡epw Hcp tISpw \n\¡v Hcn-S-¯p-\n¶pw Dm-Im-Xn-cn-¡s«! 2. am Xzm tiy\ DZz-[o·m kp]ÀtWm am Xzm hnZ-Zn-jp-am³ hotcm AkvXm ]n{Xym-a\p {]Zniw I\n-{I-ZXv kpaw-Ktem `{Z-hmZo htZl tiy\x am kp]ÀWx am Xzm DZv h[oXv ]cpt´m IgpIt\m \ns¶- sIm¯mXn-cn-¡s«! Cjp-am³ hocx AkvXm am hnZXv ic-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb hoct\m As¼-bv¯p-Im-ct\m \ns¶ -I-s-¯m -Xn-cn-¡s«! kpaw-Kex ]n{Xymw {]Zniw ip-`iIp\-amb \o ]nXr-¡-fpsS Zn¡n-te¡v (sX-¡p-`m-K-¯v) A\p I\n-{I-ZZv `{Z-hmZo Cl hZ Ft¸mgpw Nne-¨pw awK-f-I-c-ambn ]d-ªp-wsImv ChnsS samgn -ªmepw! 3. Ah {Iµ Z£n-WmtXm KrlmWmw kpaw-Ktem `{Z-hmZo iIpt´ am \x kvtX\ CuiX amL-iwtkm _rl-Zz-tZa hnZtY kphocmx iIpt´ kpaw-Kex `{Z-hmZo ]£o! \o ip`-i-Ip-\-ambn awK-fw ]d-bp-¶-h-\mbn KrlmWmw Z£n-WXx Ah {Iµ hoSp-I-fpsS he-¯p-`mK¯v Xmtgm«p Nne-¨mepw! \x kvtX\x am A-L-iwkx am Cui-X R§-fp-sS-ta IÅt\m tZmjw ]d-bp-¶-ht\m B[n-]Xyw t\S-cpXv! -kphocmx hnZtY _rlZv htZa \à hoc-·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Snb R§Ä bÚ-hn-X-c-W-¯n Kw`o-c-ambn kwkm-cn-¡s«! cmw aWvU-ew, \m¸¯naq¶mw kqàw KrÕ-a-Z³ Ejn; 3 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w PKXn (1, 3) A-Xn-i-Izcn AYhm AjvSn (2); iIp-\-¸£n tZhX (I]n-Rve-cq-]n-bmb C{µs\¶v hÅ-t¯mfpw H. Fw. kn. bpw) Cu kqà-¯n Ihn iIp-\-¸-£n-sb, {]kn-²-amb aWvUq-I-kq-às¯ (7. 103) HmÀ½n-¸n-¡p-am-dv, bÚ- ¯nse EXzn-¡p-I-tfmSv Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. 1. {]Z-£n-Wn-Z-`n-Kr-W´n Imcthm htbm hZ´ EXpYm iIp-´bx Dt` hmNu hZXn kmaKm Ch Kmb{Xw N ss{XjvSp`w Nm\p- cm-PXn hbx iIp-´bx EXpYm hZ´x ]£n-IÄ, iIp-\-¸-£n-IÄ, DNn-X-amb Ime¯v ]dªpsImv Imchx {]Z-£n-WnZv A`n- Kr-W´n Kmb-IÀ he-Xp-`m-Kt¯¡p Xncnªv kzmKXw ]mSs«. kmaKmx Ch Dt` hmNu hZ´n Ah³ kma-Km-b-I-sc-t¸mse, cp hm¡p-Ifpw ]d-bpw: Kmb{Xw N ss{XjvSp`w N A\p cmPXn AhÀ Kmb-{Xo-hr¯-s¯bpw ss{XjvSp-`-hr-¯-s¯bpw \nb-X -am-¡p-w. 2. DZvKm-tXh iIpt\ kma Kmbkn {_Ò-]p{X Ch kh-t\jp iwkkn hrtjh hmPo inip-a-Xo-c-]o-Xym -kÀhtXm hx iIpt\ `{Zam hZ hniztXm hx iIpt\ ]pWyw B hZ iIpt\ DZvKmXm Ch kma Kmbkn iIp-\-¸£o! DZvKm-Xmhn-s\-t¸m-se, \o kmaw ]mSp¶p; {_Ò-]p{Xx Ch kh-t\jp iwkkn {_mÒ-Wm-Ñwknsbt¸mse \o kh-\-§-fn sNmÃp¶p; hrjm Ch hmPo inip-aXox A]oXy Imf-sb-t¸m-epÅ k½m-\-tP-Xm-hv Ip«n-tbm-Sp-IqSn (s]¬Ip-Xn-c - Isf) kao]n-¨n«v, iIpt\ kÀhXx \x `{Zw B hZ iIp-\-¸£o! \o FÃm Xc-¯nepw R§-tfmSp awK-f-ambn ]dªmepw! iIpt\ hnizXx \x ]pWyw B hZ iIp-\-¸£o! \o FÃm Xc-¯nepw R§-tfmSp ]pWy-am-bXp ]d -ªmepw! 3. Bh-ZwkvXzw iIpt\ `{Zam hZ XqjvWo-am-ko-\x -kp-aXnw NnIn²n \x bZp-Xv]-X³ hZkn IÀ¡-cnÀbYm _rl-Zz-tZa hnZtY kphocmx iIpt\ B h-Z³ Xzw `{Zw B hZ iIp-\-¸£o! ]d-bpt¼mÄ \o awK-f-am-bXp ]d-ªmepw! XqjvWow Bko\x \x kpaXnw NnIn²n anm-Xn-cp-¶psImv R§-fpsS -\à Nn´ {i²n-¨mepw! bZv DXv]-X³ IÀ¡cnw bYm hZkn \o ]d-¶p-sImv hoWsb-t¸mse ]d-bp-¶p. kphocmx hnZtY _rlZv htZa R§Ä \à hoc-·m-tcm-SpIqSn bÚ-hn-X-c-W-¯n Kw-`o-c-ambn kwkm -cn-¡s«! aq¶mw aWvUew aq¶mw aWvUew hnizm-an-{X-Ip-e-hn-c-NnX-a-t{X. Nne A]-hm-Z-§-sfm-gn¨v aq¶mw aWvU-e-¯n-se -kq-à-§- sfÃmw hnizm-an-{X -Km-Yn-\-sâtbm Ahsâ tKm{X-¡m-cp-sStbm BWv. Aán (1-þ29), C{µ³ (30-þ53), hntiz-tZ-h- ·mÀ (54-þ57), Aizn-IÄ (58), an{X³ (59), E`p-¡Ä (60), DjÊv (61), hnhn-[-tZ-h-X-IÄ (62) F¶n-h-bmWv tZh-X- IÄ. 1 apX 12 hsc kqà-§Ä hnizm-an{X KmYn-\\pw 13-þ14 kqà-§Ä Ej` hnizm-an-{X\pw 15þ16 kqà- §Ä DXvIoe ImXy\pw 17þ 18 kqà-§Ä ImXy hnizm-an-{X\pw 19 þ22 kqà-§Ä KmYn Iuin-I\pw 23 -þmw kqàw tZh-{i-hÊv `mc-X\pw tZh-hm-X-`m-c-X\pw 24þ30 kqà-§Ä hnizm-an-{X- Km-Yn-\\pw 31þmw kqàw IpinI sFio-cYn AYhm IpinI KmYn-\\pw 32þ53 kqà-§Ä hnizm-an{X KmYn-\\pw 54þ56 {]Pm-]Xn hnizm-an-{X³ AYhm {]Pm-]Xn hmNy\pw 57þ62 hnizm-an{X KmYn-\\pw cNn-¨-Xv. 1þmw kqà-w Aán¡pw 2þ3 Aán sshizm- \c¶pw 4 B{]n¡pw 5þ7 Aán¡pw 8 bq]-¯n\pw 9þ11 Aán¡pw 12 C{µm-án-IÄ¡pw 13þ19 Aán¡pw 20 Aán¡pw hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡pw 21 Aán¡pw 22 ]pco-jym-án-IÄ¡pw 23þ24 Aán¡pw 25 Aán¡pw C{µm-án- IÄ¡pw 26 Aán sshizm-\-c¶pw 27þ29 Aán¡pw 30þ32 C{µ¶pw 33 hnizm-an-{X¶pw \Zn-IÄ¡pw 34þ52 C{µ¶pw 53 C{µ³, C{µ\pw ]Àh-X-\pw, hm¡v, (k-kÀ¸-co)- c-Ymw-K-§Ä, A`n-im]w F¶nhÀ¡pw 54þ57 hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡pw 58 Aizn-IÄ¡pw 59 an{X¶pw 60 E`p-¡Ä¡pw C{µ\pw 61 Dj-Ên\pw 62 C{µm-h-cp-W-·mÀ, _rl-kv]-Xn, ]qjm-hv, khn-Xm-hv, tkma³, an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ F¶n-hÀ¡pw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ Xs¶ -Pz-en-¸n-¨Xv lhn-Ê-pIÄ hln-¡m-\msW¶v Aán {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶-tXmsS -H¶mw kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. Ihnbpw ]ptcm-ln-X-·mcpw Aán Øm]n-¨Xv bÚw XpS-§m-\m-sW¶p k½-Xn-¡p- ¶p. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn bÚm-án-bp-sSbpw Aán-bp-sSbpw -P-\-\w kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ BZy-`mKw (3-þ14) bÚm-án-bpsS P·w am{X-aÃ, Aán-bpsS BXy-´n-I-amb P·w Xs¶ shÅ-¯nÂ\n-¶m- sW¶p ImWn-¡p-¶p. 15 apX-epÅ ]Zy-§Ä IqSp-X hyà-ambn bÚm-ánsb kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. BZy-]Zyw Cu cmw kqà-¯nse cp {]ta-b-§Ä Adn-bn-¡p-¶p: bÚ-¯nse Aán-{]-Xn-jvTbpw AXn\p ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ sNmÃp¶ hm¡-fp-am-bpÅ _Ô-hpw. ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ Aán-¡p-thn ""[njW'' (hn- ip-²-Øm-\w) krjvSn-¡p-¶p-sh¶v Adn-bn-¨psImv Ihn Bcw`n¡p-¶p. Aán-Øm-\-amb [nj-Wbpw ]ptcm- ln-X-·m-cpsS hm¡p-Ifpw X½n _Ô-ap-v. kvtXmXm-¡Ä Aánsb X§-fpsS tlmXm-hmbn sImp-h- cp¶p (1). tZh-·mÀ BZyw Aánsb X§-fpsS DÄ¡m-gv¨-I-fn-eqsS DbÀ¯n (3). Aán ""R§-fpsS'' \à Nn´- I-fn-eqsS A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¶p (12). bÚm-\p-jvTm-Xm-¡-fpsS hm¡p-Ifpw AánPz-e-\hpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw Aánsb Ihn F¶p hnti-jn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn {]Xn-^-en-¡p-¶p (4, 7, 10). Cu kqàw Aánsb sshizm-\-c³ F¶ \ne-bn hÀWn-¡p-¶p. 4þ cm-P´w F¶ Aán-hn-ti-jWw tÇj-cq-]-¯n `cn-¡pI F¶pw Xnf- §pI F¶pw AÀY-am-¡p-¶p. 9þse aq¶v Ac-Wn-t¡m-ep-IÄ bÚ-{]tZ-is¯ (A-Xm-b-Xv, `qan-bn-se) ]Sn- ªmdpw sX¡pw Ing-¡p-apÅ aq¶v Aán-Isf ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. A§s\ bÚ-`q-an¡p Npäp-apÅ bÚm- án-IÄ kqcy-\m-sW¶p k¦-ev]w. kqàm-´y-¯n Ihn kpJ-k-©m-c-¯n\pw bÚ-a-Õ-c-¯n hnP-b-k- ½m-\-§Ä¡pw k¼-¯n\pw bmNn-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw kqà-¯n Ihn Aánbpw kqcy-\p-sa¶ \ne-bn-epÅXpw AXp-sIm-p-Xs¶ a\p-jycpw tZh- ·m-cp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-amb AánbpsS ]¦mWv hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. bÚm-ánbpw kqcy-\p-sa¶ \ne-bn Aán-bpsS \o¡w BZy-]-Zy-¯n Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. Aán tZh-·m-cpsS kulrZw k¼m-Zn-¡p-Ibpw a\p-jyÀ¡p- thn bÚ-¯nsâ DZv{K-Yn-XXzw \ne-\nÀ¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ah³ tZh-·m-cpsSbpw a\p-jy-cp-sS-bp-amb- Xp-sImv Aán cp temImÀ[-§Ä¡n-S-bn \o§p-¶p þ kzÀK-¯n-epÅ tZh-·m-cp-sS aWvU-e-¯nepw a\p- jy-cpsS Øe-amb `qan-bn-epw. Cu {]tabw 2, 4, 6, 10 F¶n-h-bn BhÀ¯n¨p hcp-¶p-v. Aán-bp-sS -tZ-h- ·mcpw a\p-jy-cp-am-bpÅ _Ôw- F«mw ]Zy-¯n AXnsâ D¨-tIm-Sn-bn-se-¯p-¶p. Chn-sS-sbms¡ ]e Imcy- §-fnepw Ahy-àX tXm¶p-¶p-v. X\q-\-]m¯v cm-aXmbn hcp-¶Xpw \cm-iw-k³ CÃm-¯-Xp-amb GIm-Z-i-]-Zym-ß-I-amb B{]o-kq-à- am-Wv \mem-a-t¯-Xv. CXn FÃm Xmt¡mÂhm-¡p-Ifpw {]Xy-£-amtbm ]tcm-£-amtbm DÅ \njv]-¯n-bp- ambn _Ô-s¸t«m (1) D¨m-c-W-]-c-ambn kam-\tam Bb (3) ]Z-§tfm (5) DÅ-Xmbn ImWn-¡-s¸-«n-«n-Ã. A©mw kqà-¯nÂ{]mXx-IÀa-§Ä¡p Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸« Aán-sb-¡p-dn-¨p-ff kwt_m-[\ Dj-Êp-I-sfbpw kqcy-s\bpw ap³Iq«n ImWp-¶p. Ahsâ hchv ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cpsS sNmÃ-ep-Isf {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Aán Cu sNmÃ-ep-I-fn-eqsSbpw IÀa-§-fn-eq-sSbpw kzbw ià-\mbn hf-cp-¶p. Ihn-bpsS apJy-{]-tabw Aánsb Ah-sâ- k-am-\-[Àa-§-fpÅ hnhn-[-tZ-h-X-I-fp-ambn XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bm-Wv. \memw ]Zy-¯nepw 9þmw ]Zy- ¯nsâ HSp-hn kw£n-]vX-ambpw Aán an{X-\m-sW¶p {]kvXm-hn-¡p-¶p. kJy-¯nsâ tZh-X-bmWv an{X³. Aán-Pz-e\w bÚm-\p-jvTm-\-¯n- tZh-·mcpw a\p-jy\pw X½n-epÅ kJy¯neqsS ]p\x-kr-jvSn-¡-s¸-Sp- ¶p. Aán-bpsS A[z-cyp-hp-am-bpÅ XmZm-ßy-I-cWw Ahsâ Cu an{X-Xzs¯ ]n´p-SÀ¶p hcp-¶-Xm-Wv. Aán IÀa-¯n-sâbp Krl-¯n-sâbpw `mKw -am-{X-a-Ã, \Zn-I-fp-sSbpw ]Àh-X-§-fp-sSbpw `qan-bpsS FÃm AXnÀ¯n- I-fp-sSbpw kJmhm-Wv. \memw ]Zy-¯n ]Xn-hn-Ãm-¯-hn[w PmX-th-ZÊmb Aánsb \nb-a§-fpsS tZh- \mb hcp-W-t\mSp XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fn hyà-X-¡p-dhp tXm¶p-¶p. Ggmw ]Zy-¯n hopw Aán-bpsS P·w {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. H³]-Xn Aán hn®n {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp¶ kqcy\mW-v. AXv bÚ-`q-an- bnepw `qan-bpsS \m`n-bnepw ImWp¶ bÚm-án-bm-Wv. Aán amX-cn-izm-hm-sW-¶-XmWv Ah-km-\s¯ XmZm- ßy-I-c-Ww. Aánsb sImp-h-cp-¶-h-\mWv amX-cn-izm-hv. Imc-Ww, Aán Aánsb Dm-¡p-¶p. XpS¡w apX Bdmw kqàw ]ptcm-ln-X\pw bÚm-án-bp-sa¶ \ne-bnepw `qan-bnepw tZh-·mÀ¡n-S-bn- ep-apÅ Aán-sb¶ \ne-bn-ep-apÅ Aán-bpsS Zzµz-kz-`m-h-§Ä AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. H¶mw ]Zyw tÇj-Ñm- b-bp-Å-Xm-Wv. Pplq-]-Zw-sImv lhnÊp ]I-cp¶ {kp-¡n-s\bpw Ihn-bpsS \m¡n-s\bpw CXp-sImv AÀY- am-¡mw. Ihn-I-fpsS hm¡n-s\-t¸mepw CXp-sImp hnh-£n-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. cmw ]Zy-¯nse ""hÓn''bpw, CXp-t]m-se, `mcw hln-¡p¶ IpXn-c-sbbpw Aán-Pzm-e, bÚ-]p-tcm-ln-X³ F¶o AÀY-§sf Ipdn-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw apX Ihn {][m-\-amb Xsâ {]ta-b-¯n-te-¡p IS-¡p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ¡pw- a-\p-jyÀ¡p-an-S-bnse a[y-Ø-s\¶ Aán-bpsS ]Zhn Hcp-Xcw "Znhy'-tÇ-j-am-Wv. Aán Htc-k-abw tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw tlmXm-hm-Wv. kzÀK-¯n-sâ-bpw- `q-an-bp-sSbpw ]cm-aÀiw (3, 4), ""cp temImÀ[-§Ä'' (5, 10) F¶nh Cu ]¦p shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Aán kzÀKo-bm-án-sbbpw kqcy-s\bpw `qan-bnse bÚm-án-sbbpw Ipdn-¡p-¶p. Ggmw kqàw Icp-Xn-¡q«n Ahy-à-am-¡nb Hcp {]`m-X-kq-à-am-sW¶p \nco-£n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. Ihn Cu Ahy-àX krjvSn-¡p-¶Xv ZpÀe`w Nnte-S-§-fn t\cn«v hÀWy-h-kvXp-¡sf Xncn-¨-dn-bmsX hnSp-¶Xn-eqsSbpw s]¬Ip-Xn-c-Ifpw Imf-Ifpw t]mepÅ cq]-I-§Ä D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶Xn-eqsS-bp-am-Wv. Ihn Cu kao-]\w kzoI- cn-¡m-\pÅ Hcp ImcWw, At±lw Htc-k-abw {]`m-Xs¯ hÀWn-¡p-Ibpw {]mXxkh-\-¯n {]k-à-amb ]ptcm-ln-X-·mcpw Ah-cpsS {]hÀ¯-\hpw bÚmán-bp-sSbpw A§s\ Aán-tZ-h-sâbpw BhnÀ`m-hw, Aán- bpsS asämcp cq]-amb kqcysâ DZbw F¶o aq¶p hkvXp-X-Isf ]c-kv]cw _Ôn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw N¿p-¶p- F- ¶p-Å-Xm-Wv. Ihn-bpsS Ae-¦m-c-I-ev]-\-bpsS k¦oÀW-Xbpw km[y-X-Ifpw hni-Z-am-¡p-¶-Xn\v Nne DZm-l-c- W-§Äam{Xw Nqn-¡m-«p-¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nse Ggp- i-_vZ-§Ä k]vX-kn-Ôp-¡sf kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p-sh¶v Hcp ]£w. AXv tkma-b-Ú-¯nse Ggp ]ptcm-ln-X-cpsS i_vZ-hp-am-hmw. Aán-bpsS AÑ-\-½-amÀ kzÀKhpw `qan-bp-am-Wv. cv Ac-Wn-t¡m-ep-I-fp-am-hmw. ""cv A½-amÀ'' F¶p ]c-bp-¶p--tÃm. bÚmán Ac-Wn-t¡m- ep-I-fp-sSbpw kqcy-\mb Aán kzÀK-`q-an-I-fp-sSbpw aI-\m-sW¶ sshcp[yw a\x-]qÀhw NqjWw sN¿p-I- bmhmw Ihn-bpsS Dt±-iyw. cmw ]Zy-¯nse s]¬Ip-Xn-c-IÄ shÅ-am-sW¶p kmb-W\pw aäpw-A-`n-{]m-b- s¸-Sp-¶p. Aán-Pzm-e-Itfm kqcy-c-ivan-Itfm Bhm-sa-¶t{X EtKz-Zmw-K-e(-k-¼qÀWw)-hn-hÀ¯-I-cpsS A`n-{]mbw (1. 478). F¦nÂ, Hä-¸ip kqcy-\m-bncn-¡-Ww. ]t£, kqcys\ ]ip-hmtbm kv{Xobmtbm asä-hn-sSbpw ]d-bp- ¶n-Ã. Pzme-IÄ s]¬Ip-Xn-c-Ifpw Id-h-¸-ip-¡-fp-am-sW¶ Iev]-\-bmhmw CXn\p t{]c-Iw. Hä-¸ip bÚ-¯- hn-bm-sW¶ \nco-£-W-hp-ap-v. A©mw ]Zy-¯nse ""Ejn-I''fpw Ggn hcp¶ ""k]vXÀjn-I''fpw Ggp \£- {X-§tfm tkma-b-Ú-¯nse Ggp ]ptcm-ln-Xtcm Bbn-cn-¡mw. Aán-kq-à-k-am-lm-c-¯nsâ CS-bn-emWv F«mw kqà-sa-¦n-epw, CXv bÚ-bq-]-¯n-¶mWv kaÀ¸n-¡- s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXn-em-WtÃm bÚ-]-ipsh sI«n-bn-SpI. F´n-\m-Wn-Xn-hnsS tNÀ¯-sX¶p hyà-a-Ã. an¡- hmdpw apgp-h³ {XnjvSp¸phr¯-\n-_-²-amb Bdv GIm-Z-i-]-Zy-cq]-amb Aánkq-à-§-fpsS A´y-¯n-emWv hcp-¶-sX¶Xm-bn-cn¡mw CXn\p Imc-Ww. F¶m Cu kqà-¯nsâ LS-\-sb-¸än Nnt´m-±o-]-I-amb NÀ¨- IÄ \S-¶n-«p-v. Cu kqà-¯n\v cp `mK-§fpw (1-þ5, 6þ10) Hcp D]-kw-lm-c-]-Zy-hp(11)amWp-Å-sX-¶mWv Ah-bpsS cXv\-¨p-cp-¡w. cp {]tXy-I-`m-K-§Ä: BZy-t¯Xv Hcp bq]-s¯-¸-änbpw cm-a-t¯Xv ]e bq]- §-sf-¸-än-bpw. A\p-{I-a-Wn-bn CXv kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p-v. hmN-I-ssi-en-bnepw LS-\-bnepw cpw kam-´-cw. H¶v Hcp arKs¯ sI«m\pÅ bq]-s¯-¸-änbpw atäXv ]e ]ip-¡sf sI«m-\pÅ bq]-s¯¸-än-bpw. auen-I- ambn {]kvXp-X-kqàw cs-®-am-bn-cn-¡m-sa¶pw (H-¶v, GI-]-ip--bÚ¯nsâbpw cm-a-t¯Xv At\-I-]- ip-b-Ú-¯n-sâbpw ]Ým-¯-e-¯nÂ) ]n¶o-SXv cpw H¶n-¨m¡n Hcp D]-kw-lm-c-]-Zyhpw tNÀ¯v GIm-Z-i- kq-à-k-am-lm-c-amb Aán-kq-à-§Ä¡n-S-bn tNÀ¯Xm-bn-cn-¡m-sa-¶p-at{X ]WvUn-Xm-`n-{]m-bw. cp `mK- §-fnepw bq]-¯nsâ (§-fp-sS) \nhÀ¶p-\n-ev]v, A`n-tj-Iw, s]mXn-b F¶o bÚ-IÀa-§Ä Hcp-t]m-se. F¶mÂ, bÚ-]-ip-sh-¸än ]cm-aÀi-an-Ã. H³]Xmw kqà-¯nsâ ]Ým-¯ew AXn-cm-hn-e-s¯- A-án-Pz-e-\-am-Wv (-7). {]ta-b-]-c-ambn Ihn tZh- ·m-cpsS Aán-¡p-th-n-bpÅ At\z-j-W-s¯bpw a\p-jy-]p-tcm-ln-X-·m-cpsS Aán-Pz-e-\-s¯bpw kam-´-c- s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Aán shÅ-¯n\pÅntem shÅs¯ DÄs¡m ac-¯ntem A{]-Xy-£-am-hp-¶p. AXp-sIm- v, shÅ-¯n-emWv ""\nco-£-Icpw NXn-¡m-¯-h-cp-amb'' ]ptcm-ln-X-·mtcm tZh-·mtcm Ahs\ Is-¯n-b- Xv. A©mw ]Zy-¯n Cu Cc-«-¸-cm-aÀiw {]tXyIw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-v. ]Zy-¯nsâ BZy-`mKw tZh-·m- cnÂ\n-¶pÅ Aán-bpsS HmSn-t¸m-¡nsâ ]pcm-hr-¯hpw kzÀK-¯nÂ\n¶v Aánsb sImp-h-cp¶ amX-cn-izm- hnsâ ]pcm-hr-¯hpw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]¯mw kqàw bÚ-¯n Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw tlmXm-hmbn {]XnjvTn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX Aánsb kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. tlmXmhv bÚ-¯n kqà-§Ä sNmÃp-¶-Xp-sImpw Cu kqàw tlmXm-hmb -A-án- bpsS ]¦n Du¶p-¶-Xp-sImpw Ihnbpw bÚ-h-N-Êns\ Aán-bp-ambn {]tXy-In¨p _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶p. tlmXm- hmb Aánsb kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶Xpw Ah\v Bkz-Zn-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶Xpw Ahs\ {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-amb hN-Ên-sâ- Im-cy-am-Wn-hnsS ]d-bp-¶-Xv. hopw , tlmXm-hmb Aán-bpsS ]¦-\p-k-cn¨v Ihn tlmXm-sh¶ \ne-bnepw bÚ-¯n hcp¶ GXp hogv¨bpw Xncp-¯m-\pÅ Ahsâ Ign-hn-ep-apÅ Aán-bpsS sshZ-Kv[y- ¯n Du¶p-¶p. bÚ-¯nse A¯cw hogv¨IÄ ]cm-aÀin-¡p¶ Ggmw ]Zy-¯n ""hn cmPkn'' F¶-Xn\v ""FÃm Zn¡nepw Xnf-§p¶p'' F¶pw ""FÃm Zn¡nepw `cn-¡p¶p'' F¶p-apÅ cÀY-§-fp-ap-v. cpw kµÀ`- ¯n\p tNcp-Ibpw sN¿pw. . tZh-·m-À¡pw a\pjyÀ¡p-an-S-bnse a[y-hÀ¯n-sb¶ \ne-bn-epÅ Aán-bmWv 11-þmw kqà-¯nse {]ta- bw. DZm-l-c-W-ambn cmw ]Zy-¯n Ah³ a\p-jy-s\-t¸mse Aán-]p-tcm-ln-X-\mWv; tZh-s\¶ \ne-bn Ah³, ]-t£, AaÀ¯y-\-t{X. tZh-·m-cpsS B\-µ-¯n-\p-thn Ah-s\- aÀ¯y-tcm-Sp-IqSn ZqX-\mbn `qan- bn sh¨n-cn¡-bm-Wv. A©mw ]Zy-¯nse tXsc¶ \ne-bn-epÅ Aánsb kw_-Ôn¨ Ae-¦m-c-I-ev]\ ]Xn- hn-Ãm-¯Xpw {it²-b-hp-am-Wv. AXp-sImpw AXv kqà-¯nse tI{µ-]-Zy-¯n hn\y-kn-¡-s¸-«-Xp-sImpw AXv kqà-¯n {]m[m\yw t\Sp-¶p. Aán ""hml-I''-\m-sW¶pw (2, 4) ""FÃm B{Ia-W-§-sfbpw AXn-Po- hn-¡p-¶h''\msW-¶p-(6)apÅ hÀW-\-Ifpw ""kp[nX''amb- b-Ú-l-hn-Êp-IfpsSbpw tZh-kq-à-§-fp-sSbpw kar-²nbpw (8) ]Zy-¯n ]cm-ar-jvS-amb Aán¡pÅ CjvS""hkvXp¡''fpw a\p-jyÀ¡pÅ ""Imay''hkvXp- ¡fpw (9) CXt{X kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv. tXcn-sâ -cq-]Iw bP-am-\sâ ""kt´m-jn-¸n-¡p¶ lhn-ÊpI''fnte¡pw Aán-bpsS ""hmk-Øm-\-''t¯-¡pÅ k©m-c-hÀW-\-bnepw (7) {]Xn-^-en-¡p-¶p. Ahn-Ss¯ ""hmlkv'' (hm- l-\w) Aán-X-s¶-bm-hm³ km[y-X-bp-v. 12-þmw kqà-¯n Ihn {]mXx--k-h-\-¯n C{µ-s\bpw Aán-sbbpw tkmaw IpSn-¡m³ £Wn-¡p-¶p. cp- tZ-h-·m-scbpw Hcp-an¨v hnfn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶p -am-{X-a-Ã, cp-t]-cp-sSbpw {]tXy-I-{]-hÀ¯-\-§s-sf -Ihn Ccp-h-cp-tS-Xp-ambn ImWp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ah-sc- hn-fn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn a[y-a-]p-cp- j-\nepw aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n {]Y-a-]p-cp-j-\nepw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. ]n¶o-Sv, {]tXy-In¨v, \mepw Bdpw ]Zy-§- fn Ah-cn-cp-h-cp-sSbpw al-¯mb IÀa-§Ä cp-t]-cp-sS-bp-am-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n cp- t]cpw ""hr{X(-X-S-Ê)-Lm-X-I·m''cmWv. C{µ-\mWv hr{X-i-{Xp-sh¶p {]kn-²³. Aánbpw Xsâ coXn-bn XS- Ê-§Ä Zln-¸n-¡p-¶p-v. C{µ-\mWv Zmk-·m-cpsS tIm«-IÄ XIÀ¡p-¶-Xn {]kn²n t\Snb tZh³. ]t£, Bdmw ]Zy-¯n Aán--bpw i{Xp-¡fpsS tIm«-IÄ XIÀ¡p-¶p. F«mw ]Zy-¯n ""shÅw IS-¡p¶''Xpw Ccp-h-cp-tS-Xp-am-sW¶p ImWp-¶p. Cu Ah-km-\-t¯Xv, Aán {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ bÚhpw C{µ³ {]Xn\n- [m\w sN¿p¶ tbm²m-¡fpw \bn-¡p¶ hnP-b-tLm-j-bm-{X-bpsS ]cm-aÀiam-hm-sa¶p \nco-£n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. 13-þmw kqàw hnizm-an-{X-sâ -a-I³- E-j-`-\n Btcm-]n-X-amb kam-lm-c-¯n BZyt¯Xm-Wv. ]ptcm-ln- X-·m-cpsS sNmÃ-ep-Isf {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p¶ tZh-\mb Aán-bmWv CXnse {]Xn-]m-Zyw. kqàw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p¶ kXy-ap-Å-h-\mWv Aán (2). Ah³ kzbw Hcp {]tNm-Zn-X-I-hnbpw (3) tlmXm-sh¶ ]ptcm-ln-X-\p-am-Wv (5). Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-tXmsS Ah³ hÀ[n¨ tXmXn DÖze-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. kqàw Ah-sâ- Zr-iy-amb DÖz-e- Xbpw Ah³ {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p¶ a\-Ênsâ DÖz-e-X-bp-ambpw (5-þ6) Ah-km\w bÚ-§Ä¡p-thn Ah³ t\Sp¶ Zm\-¯nsâ DÖz-e-X-bp-am-bn-t¸mepw _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶p (7). 14-þmw kqàw Aánsb bÚ-]-Xn-bmbn hnh-cn-¡p-Ibpw kvXpXn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Aánsb tlmXm- hmbpw ""bYmÀY-b-P-am-\-\mbpw D¯-a-\mb Ejn-bmbpw'' hnh-cn-¨p-sImv BZys¯ ]Zyw Cu {]tabw Adn- bn-¡p-¶p. AtX ]Zy-¯n Ihn Aánsb bÚ-¯n\p thKw Iq«p¶ ""an¶ensâ tXcm''bpw ]cm-aÀin-¡p- ¶p. Ah-km-\-]Zy¯n-emWv Cu -I-ev]-\-bn-te¡p Ihn Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶-Xv. AhnsS, ]t£, tXcv, ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶- t]m-se, bÚw-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXp-sImv A´n-a-]Zyw ]ptcm-ln-X-s\¶ \ne-bn Aán-bpsS ]¦p hnh-cn- ¡p-Ibpw BZy-]-Zy-¯nse ""an¶-ensâ tXsc''¶ Iev]\ tXcn-sâ- b-Ú-sa¶ Iev]-\-bp-ambn kwtbm-Pn-¸n- ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 15-þm-a-t¯bpw 16-þm-a-t¯-Xn-sâbpw IÀ¯rXzw hnizm-an-{Xsâ ]u{X-\mb DXvIoe ImXy\nemWv Btcm-]n- ¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. Cu kqàw bÚ-§-fpsS c£-I\pw klm-bn-bp-amb {]`m-Xm-ánsb hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. kqà- ¯nsâ `mj-bpsS Nne `mK-§-Ä, C{µs\ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-Xp-t]m-ep-Å-hbmWv; C-{µ³ Hcn-¡epw ]cm- aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-sÃ-¦n-epw. kqà-¯nse Gähpw {]tl-fn-Im-cq-]-amb \memw ]Zyw C{µs\ ]tcm£-ambn ]cm- aÀin-¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. AhnsS Aánsb ""Ajmfvtlm hrj`x'' (A-P-¿-\mb Imf) F¶mWv kwt_m- [\ sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. Ah³ tIm«-IÄ Iog-S-¡n-b-hs\¶p hnh-cn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXv C{µsâ ]Xn-hp-hn-ti- j-W-a-t{X. Nnte-S¯v C{µ\mbn hÀWn-¡-s¸« tkma-sâ-bpw. ChnsS Aán-sb-bmWv C§s\ hnti-jn-¸n-¡p- ¶-Xv. D¯-cmÀ[-¯n Aán bÚ-¯nsâ -t\-Xm-hmbpw c£-I-\mbpw hÀWn-¡p-¶p. GXm-bm-epw, ZpÀ{K-l- amWv Cu ]Zy-¯nsâ DÅ-S-¡w. ASp¯ kqàw _rl-Xo-hr-¯-¯nepw ktXm-_r-l-Xo-hr-¯-¯n-ep-apÅ ]Zy-§Ä CS-hn-«n-S-hn«p hcp¶ {]Km-Y-I-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. A§s\ aq¶p tPmSn ]Zy-§Ä. H¶mw ]Zyw ""ku`-K''-(\à `mKyw)¯n-sâbpw ""cbn-''(k-¼-¯v)bp-sSbpw ]Xn-bmbn Aán ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n-em-Is« Ah³ ""kp`-K''\pw ""k¼-¯n\p tlXp-''hmbpw hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. hopw, ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸m-se, H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Aán- bpsS hÀW\ C{µs\ hnfn-¡p-¶p. AhnsS Aánsb ""hr{X-l-Ym\mw Cuti'' (hn-Lv\-\m-i-I-\m-Y³) F¶mWv hnti-jn¸n-¡p-¶Xv. cn Ihn Cµsâ acp-ZvK-Ws¯ Aánsb A\p-K-an-¡m³ hnfn-¡p-¶p. 17-þmw kqàw bÚ-a-\p-jvTn¨ {]mNo-\-tlm-Xm-hnsâ ]p\x-{]-Xy-£-`m-h-ambn Ct¸m-gs¯ bÚm-án- sbbpw Ct¸m-gs¯ Aán-sbbpw hnfn-¡p-¶p. kqàw, BsI-bpÅ A©p ]Zy-§-fn \menepw bÚw sN¿pI F¶ AÀY-X-Xn-epÅ bPv [mXp-hn-sâ- hn-hn-[-\n-jv]-¶-cq-]-§Ä D]-tbm-Kn-¨p-sImv (1. kpb-Úmx, 2. Bb-Px, b£n, bÚw; 3. b£n, bP-am-\m-b; 5. bPo-bm³, bPm), bÚ-¯n Aán-bpsS tI{µ-`m-h¯n Du¶p-¶p. {it²-bamw hn[w, \memw ]Zy-¯n bPv [mXp-hnsâ \njv]-¶-cq-]-an-sÃ-¦nepw, tZh-·mcpw a\p- jycpw X½n-epÅ CS-\n-e-¡m-c\pw Ccp-Iq-«-cp-sSbpw Pohsâ t{kmXÊpw Xm\m-sW¶ Aán-bpsS {]Xy-£-{]- Jym-]-\-ap-v. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n tÇj-apv: "Aàp`nx' F¶-Xn\v "Ipg-¼p-IÄsImv' F¶pw "cm{Xn-I-fn-eqsS' F¶pw AÀYw. aq¶mw ]Zyw k¦oÀW-am-Wv. Aán-bpsS `qX-þ-hÀ¯-am-\-þ-`m-hn-Im-e-§-fnse P·-§-fm-bn-cn¡mw AXnse {]Xn-]m-Zyw. A©n Aán-bpsS ]-s¯bpw C¶-s¯bpw P·-§-sf-¸än {]Xy-£-]-cm-aÀiw-X-s¶- bp-v. Aán iàn t\Sth Ahs\ kvXpXn-¨p-sIm-pÅ kqà-am-Wv 18-þm-a-t¯Xv. bP-am-\-·m-cpsS i{Xp- ¡Äs¡-Xnsc Xncn-¨p-hn-tS-p¶ Aán-bpsS I®-©n-¸n-¡p¶ {]Im-is¯¡pdn¡p¶hbmWv BZys¯ cp ]Zy§Ä. aq¶m-a-s¯bpw a[y-¯n-sebpw ]Zyw Aánsb hÀ[n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-X-Ip¶ bÚ-{]-hÀ¯-\-§-fn- te¡v (A-Xn\p hnd-In-Sp-I, AXn s\s¿m-gn-¡p-I, AXn-t·Â kvXpXn ]I-cp-I-t]mepw sN¿pI F¶n-hbnte¡v) Xncn-bp-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä hopw {]Im-i-am-\-amb Aán-sb hÀWn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, C¡pdn i{Xp-¡Äs¡-Xn-sc-bà AXv Xncn-bp-¶Xv; adn-¨v, Aán-bpsS hÀ[-am-\-amb iàn-sbbpw bP-am-\-·m-cpsS k¼- ¯n-s\bpw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-Ibpw ^e-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-I-bp-am-Wv. Ipin-I-sâ- a-I-\mb KmYnbpsS t]-cn-epÅ e-Lphmb kqà-k-am-lm-c§fnÂ- (3. 19-þ22) BZy-t¯Xm-Wn- Xv. kÀhm-\p-{I-a-Wn-{]-Imcw KmYn hnizm-an-{Xsâ AÑ-\m-sW-¦n-epw, 3. 33. 5þ hnizm-an-{X³ kzbw Ipin-I-]p- {X-s\-¶mWp ]d-bp-¶-Xv. a\p-jy-\mb ]ptcm-ln-X-\pw tZh-\mb Aánbpw bÚ-]u-tcm-lnXyw \nÀh-ln-¡p- ¶p-sh-¦nepw AhÀX-½n-epÅ hyXymkw ChnsS kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. 20-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv {]`m-X-tZ-h-X-I-fpsS t]cp ]d-ªp-sImm-Wv. A´n-a-]-Zy-¯n FÃmh-cp- sSbpw t]cv FSp-¯p-]-d-bp-¶p-s-¶Xv {i²n-¡p-I. Hcn-¡Â¡qSn Ihn BZy-s¯bpw Ah-km-\-s¯bpw ]Zy- §Ä `n¶-co-Xn-bn-em-¡p-¶p. BZy-s¯-\mep ]Zy-§-fnepw Aán-bmWv BZy-]-Zw. Ah-km-\-t¯-Xn Z[n-{Imhv BZyw, Aán¡p ap³]nÂ, hcp-¶p. Cu amäw tkmt±-iy-amt-tWm -F¶p hyà-a-Ã. ssZho-I-cn-¡-s¸« IpXn-c- bmWv Z[n-{Im-hv. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ihn Z[n-{Im-hns\ am{X-a-Ã, cp IpXn-c-¡m-cmb Aizn-I-sfbpw ]cm-aÀin- ¡p-¶p. sNmÃp¶ ]ptcm-ln-Xs\ hÓn (tX-cm-fn) F¶pw hnfn-¡p-¶p. Ah-sâ -Ip-Xn-c-I-fmhmw sNmÃepIÄ. cmw ]Zyw Aán-sb ""hmPn\m'' F¶p ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. AÀYw IrXy-ambn ]d-bm-\m-hn-Ã. hmPn-i-_vZ-¯nÂ\n- ¶m-W-Xnsâ \njv]¯n F¶p hyàw. hmPn = ]´-b-¡p-Xn-c, k½m\w t\Sp¶ IpXn-c. IpXn-c-I-sf-¡p-dn¨pw ]´-b-s¯-¡p-dn-¨papÅ ]tcm-£-]-cm-aÀi-§Ä Ah-km-\-]-Zyw-hsc ImWmw. 21-þmw kqà¯nsâ cq]-L-S-\-sb-¡p-dn¨v Ht«sd hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-§-fp-m-bn-«p-v. ]ip-b-Ú-¯nse Hcp kµÀ`-amWv CXnse hnj-bw. bÚ-¯n sImÃ-s¸« arK¯nsâ sImgp-¸n (ta-Z-Êv) \n¶p h]-sb-Sp-¡p-¶- XmWv hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. aq¶m-a-t¯-Xn-sem-gnsI asäÃm ]Zy-§-fnepw "taZÊv' F¶ ]Zw hcp-¶p-v. \memw ]Zy- ¯n taZx-i-_vZ-¯nsâ tÇj-km-[y-X-t]mepw Ihn Aánsb "ta[nc' (_p²nam³) F¶ kwt_m-[-\-bneqsS D]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p-v. Npäp-apÅ kqà-§-sf-t¸m-se, A\p-{I-aWn 22-þm-a-t¯Xpw KmYn-bp-tS-Xm-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. hnizm-an-{X- \mWv Ihn-sb¶ ]£-hp-ap-v. Chn-Ss¯ A©mw ]Zyw hnizm-an-{X-kq-à-§-fn ]e-t¸mgpw ImWm-dpÅ A´n-a-]-Zyw-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. ip¢-þ-Ir-jvW-b-PpÀth-Z-]mc-¼cy§Ä cpw Cu kqàs¯ Aán-N-b-\-IÀa- ¯n A`n-tj-I-¯nepw Aán-th-Zn¡v CjvSI ]Sp-¡p-¶-Xnepw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p. CXv \memw ]Zy-¯nse ""]pco-jymtkm Aábx'' F¶ hmN-I-¯n-t·-ep-mb sXän-²m-c-W-bm-em-sW¶p Nne ]WvUn-X-·mÀ Icp-Xp- ¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw kzÀK-¯nse IS-en-s\-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. 2þ4 ]Zy-§-fnÂ, ]t£, shÅ-¯nsâ IS-ensâ Iev]- \-b-Ã, shfn-¨-¯nsâ kap-{Z-¯ntâ-Xm-Wv. cmw ]Zy-¯n AánbpsS tXPÊv ""an¶n-¯n-f-§p-¶Xpw \nco- £n-¡p¶ a\p-jyÀ¡v \navt\m-¶-X-hp-amb {]Imi''amsW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. CXv kqcy-\m-hm³ km[y-X-bp-v. s]mXp-hn BIm-i-¯nsâ DÖz-e-X-bp-am-hmw. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Aán t]mIp-¶ ""\navt\m-¶-X-amb ISÂ,'' AXp-sIm-v, shÅ-¯nsâ IS-e-Ã, shfn-¨-¯nsâ IS-em-Wv. \memw ]Zy-¯n Aán-Ifpw shÅhpw Hcp-an¨v Acp-hn-bmbn Hgp-Ip-¶p. Aán shÅ-¯n-emhmw; ]t£, kzÀKo-b-a-g-t]m-se, AXv shfn-¨-hp-am-hmw. 23-þmw kqà-¯nse Aán an¡-hmdpw `mc-X-·m-cpsS tKm{Xm-án-bm-Wv. AXv `mc-X-hw-i-§-fpsS bÚ-tI- {µ-ambn cq]-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu Aán P\-§sf `cn-¡p-¶p (3). Øew t\m¡p-t¼mÄ tKm{X-P-\-X-I-fm-hm³ km[y- X-bp-v: aq¶p \Zn-IÄ¡n-S-bn ""`qan-bnse Gähpw A`n-e-j-Wo-b-amb Øew'' (4). aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n kwt_m- [\ sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ tZh-{i-h-Êpw tZh-hm-X\pw Bcm-sW-¶-Xn-s\-¸än At\Iw ho£W-§-fp-v. GXm-bm-epw, `mc-X-·m-cpsS Aán-tbm-sSm¸w Ahcpw B a[y-a-]-Zy-¯n Øm\w ]nSn-¨-Xp-sImv Ahcpw kqà-¯nse tI{µ-_n-µp-hnsâ `mK-am-Ip-¶p. 24-þm-at¯Xv an¡-hmdpw thÀXn-cn-ªp-\n¡p¶ Hcp {lkz-kq-à-a-t{X. Hmtcm ]Zyhpw Aánsb A`n- kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp-sImv XpS-§p-¶p. an¡ ]Zy-§fpw Aánsb bÚ-`q-an-bn Xsâ Øm\-¯n-cn-¡p- Ibpw Ihn-bp-sSbpw Ahsâ Bfp-I-fp-sSbpw A`n-em-j-§Ä \nd-th-äp-Ibpw sN¿W-sa¶ A`yÀY-\-bpÄs¡m- Åp-¶p. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä {]Xy-£-amtbm ]tcm-£-amtbm DÖze-{]-`-amb Aánsb ]cm-aÀin-¡p- ¶p. ap³kqà-¯n-se-t¸m-se, 25-þm-at¯Xnepw Hmtcm -]-Zyhpw ""Aán'' i_vZ-¯n XpS-§p-¶p. cpw aq¶pw ]Zy-§-fnse hnj-bw Aán-X-s¶. aäp aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn Aánsb kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm-mWv XpS-¡w. \memw ]Zyw Aán-sbbpw C{µ-s\bpw kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm-p XpS-§p-¶p. 26-þmw kqàw aq¶p XrN-§-fmbn kwhn-[m\w sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, Hmtcm XrNhpw GXp tZh- Xbv¡v kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-sh-¶-Xnepw aäpw ]WvUn-X-·mÀ¡n-S-bn A`n-{]m-ssb-Iy-an-Ã. Hcp hn`-P\w C§s\: BZy-s¯ -aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (Xr-Nw) sshizm-\-cm-án¡v; cms¯ XrNw acp-¯p-¡Ä¡v; aq¶m-a-t¯Xn (7-þ9) Ggmw ]Zyw Aán-bpsS Bß-kvXp-Xn-tbmsS XpS-§p-¶p. XpSÀ¶p cp ]Zy-§-fn Ihn Aánsb hÀWn-¡p- ¶p. CXn Aev]-kzev]w hyXym-k-§Ä ]ecpw \nÀtZ-in-¡p-¶p. CXv ]g-sbmcp Bán-am-cp-X-i-kv{X-am-sW¶ {]_-e-amb A`n-{]mbw \ne-\n¡p-¶p-v. 27-þmw kqàw A©p XrN-§Ä DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Nne-sX-¦nepw H¶n-s\m¶p ]n³Xp-S-cp¶ XrN-§sf At\ym\yw Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶-h-bm-Wv. aq¶pw (7-þ9) \mepw (10-þ12) XrN-§-fpsS Imcy-¯n CXv {]tXyIw hyà-am-Wv. Ah \men-t\mSpw ARv A©n-t\mSpw bYm-{Iaw _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqàw bÚ-hp- ambn ASp¯ _Ô-ap-Å-Xm-sW-¦nepw ]Zy-§-fpsS IrXy-amb hn\n-tbmKw hyà-a-Ã. Aán Pzen¸n-¡-s¸-Sp- t¼mÄ sNmtà kman-t[\na{´§-fm-Wv C-h-bn Nne-sX¶ Imcy-¯n ]WvUn-X-·mÀ¡v A`n-{]m-ssb-Iy-ap- v. Aán-{]W-b-\-sa¶ NS-§p-ambpw NneÀ CXns\ _Ô-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. aq¶p tkma-k-h-\-§-fn ]ptcm-fm-i-(b-Ú-¯n AÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ AS)k-aÀ¸-W-¯n\p kam-´-c-ambn 28-þmw kqà¯n\v aq¶p `mK-§-fpv: 1þ2 ]Zy-§Ä {]mXx-k-h-\-¯ntâXpw \mev am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n-tâXpw A©v XrXo-b-k-h-\-¯n-tâ-Xpw. kqàw hnhn-[-hr-¯-k-¦-en-X-am-Ip-¶p. Kmb{Xo-hr¯w {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n\pw {XnjvSp¸v am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n\pw PKXn XrXo-b-k-h-\-¯n\pw {]tbm-Kn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]n¡me-co-Xn-b-\p-k-cn¨v ]ptcm-fmiw (A-S) (BZyIm-e¯v CXv bh-¯n-tâ-Xm-bn-cp-s¶-¦n ]n¶oSv Acn-bp-tS-Xm-bn) aq¶p tkma-k-h-\- §-fn C{µ¶v AÀ¸n-¨n-cp-¶p. Hmtcm ]ptcm-fm-imÀ¸W-s¯bpw XpSÀ¶v kzn-jvS-Ir-¯mb Aán¡v IqSp-X- embn H¶pw. Biz-em-b-\{iuX-kq{X¯nemWv Cu hnh-c-Ww. Ah-in-jvS-amb cp kqà-§Ä (3, 6), CXp- t]m-se, aq¶p kh-\-§-fp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp-¯m-\m-hn-Ã. aq¶mw ]Zyw GsX-¦nepw kh-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« hr¯-¯n-e-Ã. adn¨v, CS-bv¡n-sS-am{Xw ImWm-dpÅ DjvWn-¡phr-¯-¯n-em-Wv. Bdmw ]Zyw Kmb{Xn-bn-em-Wv. ]t£, CXv {]`m-X-a-{´-§Ä¡p-Nn-X-ambn ]d-bm-dpÅ Bcw`-¯ne-Ã. ""Xntcm-A\y''hnh-cWw hcp¶ cp ]Zy- §ÄIq-Sn-bm-Wn-h. ""]I-sem-Sp§n cm{Xn apgp-h³ tlman-¡-s¸«Xv'' F¶p ""Xntcm-A\y'']Z-¯n-¶ÀYw. tkma- k-h-\Znh-k-s¯-¯p-SÀ¶v ]ntä-¶s¯ {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n Aizn-IÄ¡À¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wn-Xv. ""AXn-cm{X''bÚ- ¯n Cu NS-s§Ãmw ImWmw. {]kvXp-X-]-Zy-§Ä, AXn-\mÂ, AXn-cm-{X-b-Ús¯ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-h-bm- hm³ km[y-X-bp-v. ]n¡m-es¯ AXn-cm-{X-¯n Aizn-IÄ¡pÅ tkmamÀ¸-W-t¯mS-\p-_-Ôn¨v Bizn-\- ikv{Xw sNmÃm-dp-v. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nÂ, bÚm-´y-t¯mSp _Ô-s¸-«m-sW-¦n-epw, AXn-\p-ap³]pÅ IÀa¯nsâ XpS¡w Ipdn-¡p¶ ]Zy§-fpsS sXm«p-]n³]m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m AXv IÀa-¯nsâ BZyhpw Ah-km-\hpw X½n-epÅ kwtbm-K-¯nsâ NnÓ-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. {]mXx kh-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v Kmb-{Xn-t]mse Cu aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nsâ hr¯w DjvWn¡v BWv. Bdmw ]Zyw hopw Kmb-{Xn. 29-þmw kqàw cNn-¨Xv bÚ-¯n-\p-thn ]pXnb Aán Dm-¡p-¶-Xn-t\m-S-\p-_-Ôn-¨m-Wv. cp -a-c-¡- j-W-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp¶ Aáy`ym-k-ap-]-tbm-Kn-¨pÅ kwLÀj-¯n-eqsS krjvSn-¡-s¸-«-XmWv Cu Aán. apI- fnse Aán-a-Y-\-t¡m ew_-ambn, hne-§-s\-bpÅ ASn-bnse ac-¡-j-W-¯nse ]nfÀ¸pÅ `mK-¯nsâ Aät¯mSp-IqSn ]nSn-¡p¶p. ASnbnse ]e-I-bnse ]nfÀ¸pÅ `mK-¯n\p Npäpw ac-¨o-fp-IÄ sh¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv apI-fn-es¯ tIm IS-bp-¶-Xp-t]mse apt¶m«pw ]nt¶m«pw Xncn-¡p-¶p. ]n¡m-e-b-Ú-¯n apI-fn-es¯ tImen\p IbÀNp-än-v apt¶m«pw ]nt¶m«pw hen¡pI-bm-bn. Ah-km\w th{X NqSv Dev]m-Zn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp- Ibpw ac-¨o-fp-IÄ¡p Xo ]nSn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw. Cu Aán-a-Y-\-{]-{Inb EtKz-Z-kqà-§-fn ssewKn-I-kw-t`m- K-Ñmb IeÀ¯n-bmWv hÀWn-¡m-dv. apI-fn-es¯ Ac-Wn-t¡m AÑ-\mbpw Xmg-t¯Xv A½-bp-am-bmWv Iev]- \. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n CXv enwK-]-c-amb [z\n-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-v. Cu kqà-¯nÂ, s]mXp- hn Aán-kq-à--§-fnÂ, DS-\ofw ImWp¶ asäm-cm-ibw Aán P\n-¨Xv lhy-hm-l-I-\mb bÚ-]p-tcm-ln-X- \m-bpw (4, 7) bÚ-aÀ¸n-¡p-¶-h-\mbpw (8) Ejn-I-hn-bmbpw (5, 12) tlmXm-hmbpw (8, 16) k]vX-tlm-Xm-¡-fpsS IqsS-bp-Å-h-\mbp(16)amsW-¶-Xm-Wv. Aán-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Úm\hpw kXyw cq]-s¸-Sp-¯m-\pÅ {]m]vXnbpw Ipin-I-·mÀ¡mWp-Å-sX¶pw kqàw Du¶n-¸-d-bp-¶p. Cu ZoÀL-amb ap¸Xmw kqàw ]cn-Nn-X-amb hgn-X-s¶-bmWv ]n³Xp-S-cp-¶-Xv. C{µ³ X§-fpsS bÚ- ¯n {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-sa¶ bP-am-\sâ {]Xo-£-Ifpw Ahsâ- Xp-SÀ¨-bmb Akm-¶n-[y-¯n-epÅ thh-em-Xn- Ifpw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p¶-h-bmWv BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä. 4 apX 14- hscbpÅ ]Zy-§Ä C{µ-sâ- i-àn-Ifpw IÀa-§fpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. hr{X-h-[hpw (8) hes\ Iog-S-¡p-¶Xpw (10) DÄs¸sS Ah-sâ- `q-Xhpw hÀ¯-am- \hpw AhnsS hÀWn-¡p-¶p. Cu JWvUw kqcy-s\bpw {]`m-X-s¯bpw Ipdn-¨pÅ cp ]Zy-§-tfmsS (12-þ13) Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. hniz-¯nsâ ØeIm-e-§Ä {Ia-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xv C{µ-\m-sW¶v Ah ImWn-¡p-¶p. {]tl-fn- Im-]-c-amb 14-þmw ]Zy¯nem-WnXv Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-Xv. ""]cp-j'' amb ]i-p-hn-epÅ ""thhn¨'' ]men-s\-¡p-dn- ¨pÅ sshcp[yw B ]Zyw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. DjÊv ]ip-hm-sW¶ Iev]\ AhnsS ImWmw. CXp-t]m-epÅ Ahn-Ss¯ At\Iw Iev]-\-I-fpsS D¯-c-hmZn C{µ³X-s¶. IqSm-sX, bÚ-Zm\-§-fpsS hn-X-cWw {]`m-X- ¯n-em-sW¶p hnh-cn-¡p¶p. 15-þ17 ]Zy-§-f-S-§p¶ ASp¯ JWvUw C{µs\ kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm-v Ah-t\m-SpÅ Hcp Iev]-\-tbmsS XpS-§p-¶p. bp²-¯n klm-bn-¡-W-sa¶ A`yÀY-\-bpsS cq]-¯n-em-W-Xv. Ah-km-\-JWvUw (18-þ21) A`yÀY\ XpS-cp-¶p. C¡pdn CXp km[-\-§Ä¡p-th-n-bp-Å-X-t{X. he-hn-P-bs¯ hÀ¯-am-\-h¡-cn-¨p-sImv ]ip-s¯m-gp-¯p-IÄ s]mfn-¡m\pw ]ip-¡sf hnX-cWw sN¿m\pw C{µ-t\m-S- `yÀYn-¡p-¶p. 31-þmw kqàw km{µhpw ]e-t¸mgpw {]tl-fn-Im-cq-]-¯n-epÅ ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xp-amb Hcp kqà- am-Ip-¶p. 4þ11 ]Zy-§-fmWn CXnsâ lrZ-b-sa¶p ]d-bmw. he-]p-cm-hr-¯-¯nsâ, hnti-jn¨v C{µ¶pw AwKn-c- Êp-IÄ¡pw AXp-am-bpÅ _Ô-¯n-sâ, ka-{K-amb hnh-c-W-w A-hnsS ImWmw. Cu ]pcm-hr¯¯nse ]ip- ¡Ä DjÊp-I-fpsS {]Xo-I-am-sW¶p ]d-bm-dp-v. AXn-\m ChnsS Dj-Ênsâ hÀW-\bpw {]mXx-Im-e-hp- ambn _Ô-s¸« bÚhpw Z£n-WbpsaÃmw {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. Hcp-]t£ Cu kqà-¯nse Gähpw {][m-\- s¸« `mK-ambn ]ecpw Nqn-¡m-Wn-¡p-¶Xv BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fm-Wv. bÚm-án-bpsS Dev]¯n {]Xn-]m-Zn- ¡p¶ B kµÀ`w hniz-am-\-apÅ Hcp _em-Õw-K-¯nsâ {]Xo-I-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. Chn-S-s¯- Dj-Ên-em- WtÃm Aán Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. A-án-bpsS Dev]-¯nbpw XpSÀ¶p-h-cp¶ he-]p-cmhr¯hpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw kphy-à-a-Ã. Dj-Ênsâ hÀW\ Ahsb _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶p-sh¶p ImWmw. {]mXxIme-¯p-X-s¶-bmWv he-Kp-l-bnse ]ip-¡sf C{µ³ tamNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xpw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n 32-þmw kqà-¯nsâ bÚ-hn-\n-tbmKw Adn-bn-¨n-«p-v: C{µ³ hr{X-h-[-¯n Xsâ- k- lm-bn-I-fmb acp-¯p-¡-tfm-sSm¸w am[y-µn-\-tkm-a-k-h-\-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw C{µ\v tkma- ]m-\-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡m-\pÅ £W-am-Wv. CS-bv¡nsS C{µsâ hoc-Ir-Xy-§-sf, hnti-jn¨v hr{X-h[s¯, Ipdn- ¨pÅ kvXpXn-I-fpw. 9þ10 ]Zy-§-fn C{µsâ iàn-IÄ¡v ImcWw Ah³ -P-\n-¨-bp-S-s\ \S¶ tkma-]m-\- amsW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. bP-am-\sâ Ct¸m-gs¯ C{µ-¶pÅ tkmamÀ¸Ww Ahsâ iàn-I-fpsS ]\-cqÀP-h¡- cWw km[n-¡p-¶p. AXm-I-s«, bP-am-\\p t\«-am-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 33-þmw kqàw C{µ-k-am-lm-c-¯n-emWv ImWp-¶-sX-¦n-epw, A\p-{I-aWn C{µ³ 6, 7 ]Zy-§-fpsS kaÀ¸-I- \m-sWt¶ ]d-bp-¶p-Åq. 1þ3, 5, 9, 11-þ13 F¶nh \Zn-Ifpw Ihn-bmb hnizm-an-{X\pw ]¦n-Sp-¶p. (4, 8, 10) F¶nh hnizm-an-{X-tâ-Xv. hn]mSv-þ-ip-Xp{Zo\Zn-I-fpsS kwKaw hÀWn-¡p¶ BZy-s¯ -cp ]Zy-§Ä¡p-tijw Cu {]i-kvX-kqàw hnizm-an-{X-\pw- \-Zn-Ifpw X½n-epÅ kw`mj-W-apÄs¡m-Åp-¶X-t{X. `c-X-·mÀ¡p IS-¡p- ¶-Xn-\p-thn bm{X \nÀ¯-W-sa¶v hniz-an-{X³ \Zn-I-tfmSv A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. Ah k½-Xn-¡p-¶p. Hcp \n_- Ô\ am{Xw: Ihn-X-bn X§-fpsS `mhn-{]-ikvXn Dd-¸m-¡-Ww. 12-þmw ]Zy-¯n ]d-bp-¶-Xp-t]m-se, `c-X-·mÀ hnP-b-I-c-am-bn- \-Zn-IÄ IS¡p-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw \Zn-IÄ hopw shÅwsImp \nd-bv¡-s¸SW-sa¶pw C\nbpw Hgp-I-W-sa¶pw DZvt_m-[n-¸n¡s¸-Sp-¶p. `uXn-I-tem-Is¯ \nb-{´n-¡m³ icn-bmbn cq]-s¸-Sp-¯nb {]`m-j-W-¯n\v Ign-bp-sa¶Xn\v DZm-l-c-W-amWo kqàw. `n¶-amb A\pjvSp¸phr¯-\n-_-²-amb Ah-km- \s¯ 13-þmw ]Zyw, Xpd-ap-J¯v hnj-a-¯nÂs¸-«- Hcp kwL-w IS-¡p¶ km¦-ev]n-Itam sFXn-lym-kv]-Ztam Bb Hcp \Zn-bn {]tbm-Kn-¨p-sImv hm¡nsâ iàn-bnepÅ XpSÀ¨-bmb hnizmks¯ DZm-l-cn-¡p¶ am{´nIiàn-bpÅ H¶m-hmw. C{µ-kq-à-§-fn ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se, 34-þmw kq-à-¯nepw Du¶Â C{µsâ hnP-b-§-fnepw t\«-§-fn- ep-am-Wv. Ah X\n-¡p-th-n-am-{X-a-Ã, tZh-·mÀ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡pw IqSn thn-b-t{X. [mcmfw ]Zy-§- fnÂ, hnti-jn¨v 3, 6 ]Zy-§-fnÂ, tIh-e-amb Ah-sâ- iàn, ]n¶n-epÅ iàn-I-fm {]_-e-s¸Sp¶Xpw AXn\p hncp-²-ambn Ahsâ kaÀY-amb kq{X-hn-Zy-Ifnepw Ic-hn-cp-Xp-Ifnep-apÅ \nb-{´-Whpw ImWmw. cp Xc-¯n-epÅ kao-]-\-§fpw Ahsâ hnP-b-¯n\p kw`m-h\ sN¿p-¶p. kqà-¯n BZyw ]e coXn-I- fn {]I-Sn-¸n-¡-s¸« hnP-b-¯n A´Àeo-\-amb {]tabw Ah-km-\-`m-Ks¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn (8-þ10) k\v (t\-Sp-I, Pbn-¡p-I) [mXp-hnsâ hnhn-[-cq-]-§-fn-embn hyà-ambn hcp-¶p-v. kkm\ F¶ enUv cq]w Xs¶ 9þmw ]Zy-¯n \mse®w ImWmw. 35-þmw kqà-¯n-sâ- B-Zy-]-Zy-§-fn (1-þ2) C{µ-s\ -hn-P-bn-¡p-¶-Xn\p {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn Ihn-¡pÅ ]¦p ]e XhW hyà-am-¡n-bn-«p-v. ]e-t¸mgpw Ihn-bpsS tPmen hnPbw kqà-§-fn-eqsS sImm-Sp-Ibpw hntP-Xm-hns\ kvXpXn-¡p-I-bp-am-Wv (6, 7, 8). hmkvX-h-¯n C{µ\mWv Ihn-IÄ¡p {]tNm-Z-\-a-cpfp-¶-Xv (5). Ah-cp-sS- kvXp-Xn-IÄ km[y-am-¡p¶Xn\p ap³]v AXmWv \S-¡p-¶Xv (6-þ8). Aán-tZ-h-s\-bpw- A-án-]p-tcm-ln- X-·m-scbpw Ipdn-¨pÅ ]cm-aÀiw HuÕp-Iy-ap-m¡pw (4). {]`m-X-¯nse bÚmán-Pz-e-\w kqtcym-Z-b-¯n\p Imc-W-am-b-Xn-\m C{µ³ kqcys\ t\Sp-¶-h\pw Xnf-¡p-¶h\pw shfn¨w Is-¯p-¶-h\p-am-sW¶p ]d- b-s¸-Sp-¶p. bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ C{µsâ hc-hpw AXnsâ Bkzm-Z-\hpw ]qÀW-ambn hnh-cn-¡p¶XmWp 36-þm-as¯ efn-X-amb kqàw. kqà-¯nsâ ]ptcm-KXn apgp-h³ Ime-{I-a-a-\p-k-cn-¨-t{X. IpXn-c-Isf \pI-¯n sI«p- ¶Xp sXm«v, DS-\ofw aäp bÚ-§-fn-te¡v Ah³ hcm³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ (5) bm{X-bpw Ah-km\w HuNn-Xy-]qÀhw X¿m-dm-¡-s¸« bÚ-`q-an-bn Ah³ F¯n-t¨-cp-¶Xpw tkma-]m-\hpw hsc FÃmw. Ggpw H¼Xpw ]Zy-§-fnse acp-¯p-¡-fpsS ]cm-aÀiw, Npcp-§n-bXv hnizm-an-{X-kq-à-§-fn-se-¦nepw C{µ¶pw acp- ¯p-¡Ä¡pw Hcp-an¨v kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ bÚ-¯nse am[y-µn-\-k-h\s¯ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. C{µsâ IpXn-c- I-fpsS Gsd-¡psd at\m-l-c-amb Hcp hÀW-\-hp-ap-v (3, 7). EtKz-Z-IhnXmk-µÀ`-¯n Nne LS-I-§-fpsS A`mhw {it²-b-am-Wv. BZ-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ tZh-sâ- kvXp-Xntbm Ahsâ hoc-Ir-Xy-§-fpsS ]cm-aÀitam Cà (Htc-sbm-c-]-hmZw, C{µs\ iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn acp-¯p-¡-fpsS ]¦pw Ah-cpsS kJyhpw Npcp-¡-¯n kqNn-¸n-¡p¶ H¼Xmw ]Zy-¯nsâ- cmw ]mZ-am-Wv). C{µsâ tkma-]m-\-¯nsâ, ]p sNbvXtXm C¶p sN¿p-¶tXm Bb hoc-Ir-Xy-§Ä¡v Ahs\ {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-I apX-em-b-, Dt±-iy-s¯-¸-änbpw \mw tIÄ¡p-¶n- Ã. Zm\-§tfm GsX-¦nepw Xc-¯n-epÅ klm-btam Ihn tNmZn-¡p-¶p-an-Ã. A§s\ Akm-[-cm-W-am-sbmcp kqà-ambn CX-\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p. 37-þm-a-t¯Xv efn-X-amb Hcp kqàw. hmNm-tSm]w IqSp-sa-s¶mcp hntijw am{Xw. DÅ-S-¡-¯n {]tXy- In¨p ]pXp-a-sbm-¶p-an-Ã. km{µhpw hnj-a-ap-ÅXpw F¶m ^e-{]-Z-hp-amWv 38-þmw kqàw. aq¶mw aWvU-e-¯nse C{µ-kq-à-§- fpsS a[y-¯n-emWo kqà-sa-¦nepw, A\p-{I-aWn C{µsâ t]cn-em-Wn-XpÄs¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-Å-sX-¦nepw, Ah- km-\s¯ hnizm-an-{Xsâ ]Ã-hn-bn-sem-gnsI asäm-cn-S¯pw C{µsâ t]cn-Ã. kqà-¯n-sem-cn-S¯pw hyà-amb ]cm-aÀi-hp-an-Ã. kqàw cp krjvSn-Isf¸än-bm-Wv. BZn-kr-jvSnbpw ZznXo-b-kr-jvSn-bpw. BZy-t¯Xv Ahy-à-kr-jvSn. ChnsS H¶pw hyà-a-à þ \matam cq]tam H¶pw. cm-a-t¯-Xn Ah cpw hyà-am-Ip-¶p. Ihn-Xs¶ ]d-bp-¶-XmWv BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä. Ihn-I-fpsS ]gb Xe-ap-dsbbpw Imhy-]m-c-¼-cy- s¯bpw ]än-bm-Wn-h. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ihn kz´w -{]tNm-Z-\¯n A`n-am\w sImÅp-¶p. cn Ihn Xs¶¯s¶ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Ah³ {]mNo-\-I-hn-I-fnÂ\n¶p amXrI tXSp-¶p. ""AhÀ kzbw kzÀKw Na-¨-''Xmbn ]d-bp-¶p. CXv ap³kq-Nn-¸n¨ ""ZznXo-b-krjvSn''sb ImWn-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw cm-a-t¯-Xns\ hnI-kn-¸n-¨-X-t{X. Gähpw {][m\w \memw ]mZ-amWv: ""[mbtk A´x kartX [px'' (AhÀ R§Ä¡p `£Ww Xcm³ Hcp-an-¨p-sh¨ cs-®-s¯bpw thsdbm¡n). \memw ]Zy-¯n Ahy-àX ImWmw. F¦nepw ""\ma''sa¶ ]cm-aÀi-ap--hn-sS. ASp-¯ -h-cnbnse ""hniz- cq]''\mhmw. ]t£, BcmWv hniz-cq-]³? A©mw ]Zy-¯n Cu ImfbmWv BZn-kr-jvSn-¡p-¯-c-hm-Zn-sb¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-bn-t¯m-¶p-¶p. AXn \ma-þ-cq-]-hy-àn-bn-Ã-tÃm. ""Imf {]k-hn¨p'' F¶-hnsS ImWmw. Imf- sbt¶m ]ip-sht¶m DÅ thÀXn-cnhp h¶n-«n-sÃ-¶m-bn-cn-¡mw. ""kzÀK-]p-{X-·m-cmb cp cmPm-¡-·mÀ'' AhnsS ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Aizn-I-fm-hmw. ]t£, kµÀ`-¯n\p tNcn-Ã. an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-sc¶pw C{µm-h-cp-W-·m- sc¶pw A`n-{]m-b-§-fp-v. thW-sa-¦n tbmPn-¸n-¡mw. ]t£, Ihn-bpsS Xmev]cyw B AÀY-¯n-em-sW¶p-d- ¸n-Ã. cp temImÀ[-§-sf-¸än 3, 8 ]Zy-§-fn ]d-bp-¶p-v. 9þ kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw AXp-X-s¶-bm-bn-cn- ¡mw. 8þ Xsâ kvXpXn-Km-\-¯n-eq-S-bmWv Ah Nen-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-sX¶v Ihn Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sp-¶p. CsXms¡ sh¨p t\m¡p-t¼mÄ Cu ""cp temImÀ[§''fmhmw kqà-¯nse ""kzÀK¯nsâ ]p{X-·mÀ'' F¶q-ln-¡mw. Ggmw ]Zyw BZy-]mZ]mZ¯n BZn-{k-jvSm-hns\ ""Imf-bmbpw ]ip-hmbpw'' Iev]n-¡p-¶p. _m¡n-`mKw \ma- þ-cq-]-I-ev]-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb ZznXo-b-kr-jvSn-sb-¸-än. ChnsS {kjvSm-¡Ä Ic-Iu-i-e-¸-Wn-¡m-cm-Ip-¶p. ChÀ Ihn-I-fm-bn-cn-¡mw. F«mw ]Zyw Ggmw ]Zyw-t]m-se-¯s¶ XpS-§p-¶p. ]t£, C¯-hW hÀ¯-am-\-Im-es¯ Ihn-bm-Wv. temI-¯nse Ne-\-¯n\p ImcWw (Zzn-Xo-b-kr-jvSn) Xsâ kvXpXn-Km-\-am-sW-¶mWv Ihn-bpsS hmZw. BZn-kr-jvSn-bnse \nÝ-e-amb kzÀW-ap{Z (8)-bnÂ\n¶p hncp-²-ambn \n¡p¶p CXv. 39-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv (1-þ3) Imhy-Nn-´-sb-¸-än-bpÅ at\m-l-c-amb Hcp _nw_-I-ev]-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm- Wv: Imhy-Nn´ C{µs\ Xsâ `À¯m-hmbn B{K-ln-¡p-Ibpw Cc-«-Isf {]k-hn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX ca-Wo-b- ambn Ae-¦-cn-¡-s¸« kpµ-cn-bmb Hcp bph-Xn-bm-Wv. Cu Cc-«-IÄ Hcp-]t£ cp-X-c-¯n-epÅ bÚ-h-N-Êp- I-fm-bn-cn-¡mw. \memw ]Zy-¯n hnjbw amdp-¶p. AXv ]pcm-hr-¯-]-c-amb `qX-Im-e-¯n-te¡p IS-¡p-¶p: he-Kpl t`Zn-¡p-Ibpw ]ip-¡sf tamNn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pI F¶ C{µsâ Gähpw al-¯mb IÀa-§-fn- sem¶v hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ]ip-¡Ä Dj-Êp-I-fmWv; AXv kqcy-\n-te¡p hym]n-¸n-¡mw (4þ6). Imhy-Nn-´-sb-¡p-dn- ¨pÅ ]Zy-§fpw he-]p-cm-hr-¯-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]Zy-§fpw X½n-epÅ kqNn-X-_Ôw hyà-am-¡-s¸-«n-«nÃ. ]t£, \ap-¡-X-dnbmw: C{µ\pw klm-bn-I-fmb AwKn-c-Êp-Ifpw (C-hnsS \h-Kz-·mcpw Zi-Kz-·m-cpw) icn-bmbn cq]-s¸- Sp-¯nb hm¡mWv Kpl Xpd-¡m³ D]-tbm-Kn-¨-Xv. CXmWv shfn¨w kq-£n-¡m\pw bP-am-\-s\bpw bÚ- s¯bpw kwc-£n-¡m\pw Ihn-bpsS bÚ-h-N-Êns\ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xnsâ ]pcm-hr-¯-am-Xr-I. 40-þm-as¯ efn-X-amb kqàw C{µsâ tkma-]m-\-sa¶ {]tab-¯-XnÂ\n¶v H«pw hyXn-N-en-¡p-¶n-Ã. C{µ (1-þ6, 9), kpX-tkmaw (1-þ2, 4þ5) F¶o BhÀ¯\LS-I-§-fn {]Xn-^-en-¡-s¸-Sp¶ GIm-{KX t\m¡p-I. AÀhm-hXx þ]-cm-h-Xx, AÀhm-hXw þ ]cm-hXw F¶n-hbpw {i²n-¡p-I. bÚ-¯nepw C{µsâ AXn-te-¡pÅ bm{Xbnepw AXn ]s¦-Sp-¡p¶Xnepw tI{µo-I-cn-¡p¶ 41-þmw {]mY-an-I-kqàw 3. 35-þs\ A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. hr¯w hyXy-kvX-am-sW-¶p-am-{Xw. CXnepw tZh-kvXpXnbpw C{µsâ al-¯mb IrXy-§fpsSbpw {]mÀY-\-IfpsSbpw klm-b¯nsâbpw ]cm-aÀihpw Xosc-bn-Ã. C¡-gnª kqàw (3. 41) t]mse tkma-]m-\s¯ tI{µo-I-cn-¨p-sIm-pÅ efn-X-amb 42-þmw kqàw. C¡-gnª cp kqà§fn-se-t¸mse C{µ³ tkma-b-Ú-¯n-te¡p bm{X sN¿p-¶Xpw AXn kw_- Ôn-¡p-¶-Xp-amWv 43-þmw kqà-¯n-sebpw {]Xn-]m-Zy-sa-¦nepw hr¯w Ipd-¨p-IqSn hn]p-e-amb {XnjvSp-¸m-sW- ¶-XpÄs¸sS cN\ Iptd-¡qSn k¼-¶-am-Wv. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä bm{Xm-t{]-cIw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zyw C{µ³ Kmb-I-\p-thn CS-s]-S-W-sa¶ A`yÀY\ DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Bdmw ]Zyw bm{Xm-t{]-c-I-¯n-te- ¡p-Xs¶ Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. Ggmw ]Zyw C{µ-t\m-SpÅ tkma-]m-\m-t]-£-bm-Wv. cp {]kn-²-amb ]pcm-hr-¯- §fpw þ Kcp-Usâ tkmam-]-l-c-Whpw C{µsâ he-Kp-lm-t`-Z-\hpw þ AhnsS kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu bm{Xm-kq- à-§-fn C{µsâ IpXn-c-IÄ¡p apJy-Øm-\-am-Wp-Å-sX¶p ]d-tb--Xn-Ã-tÃm. 44-þmw {lkz-kq-à-¯nsâ {][m-\-kq-{X-hnZy lcn, lcy F¶o i_vZ-§-fpsS ivtfjs¯ D]-tbm-Kn-¨p- Å-Xm-Wv. lcn-i-_vZ-¯n\v kzÀW-\n-d-ap-ÅXv F¶pw C{µsâ ]nwK-e-¡p-Xn-c-IÄ F¶pw AÀYw (thsd AÀY- §-fp-ap-s-¦nepw Ah ChnsS D±n-jvS-aÃ). lcy = Bkz-Zn-¡pI. CXnsâ hn]p-e-amb DZm-l-cWw, hmkvX-h- ¯nÂ, 10. 96 BWv. C{µ-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ bm{Xm-kq-à-§-fnse ]Xn-h-\p-k-cn¨v 45-þmw kqà-¯nepw C{µs\ ""Chn-tS¡p hcm³'' £Wn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, AXv thK-¯n C{µ-s\bpw Ahsâ Zm\-§-sfbpw ]än-bpÅ {it²-bhpw khn-kvX-c- hp-amb D]-aIfp-sSbpw cq]-I-§-fp-sSbpw -]-c¼c-I-fn-te¡v Xncn-bp-¶p. \mev D]-a-IÄ DÄs¡m-Åp¶ aq¶mw ]Zyw A§s\ kqà-¯nsâ GIm-{K-amb k¯sb {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶p. 46-þmw kqà-¯nsâ an¡ `mK-§fpw C{µsâ s]mXp-hmb kvXpXn¡v, hnti-jn¨v al-Xz-¯n\pw khn-ti- j-X-IÄ¡pw, \o¡n-sh-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw FSp¯p ]d-bm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. \mepw A©pw ]Zy-§Ä bÚ- ¯n C{µ-\p-th-n-bpÅ {]mXxkh-\-¯n-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. bÚ-tI-{µn-X-amb Cu 47-þmw kqàw am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n\p tNÀ¶-Xm-Ip-¶p. AhnsS C{µ³ acp-¯p- ¡-tfm-sSm¸w tkmaw IpSn-¡p-¶p. C-{µ-s\bpw acp-¯p-¡-sfbpw FÃm ]Zy-§-fnepw t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-bp-¶pv; D]m-´y-]-Zy-¯n-sem-gnsI F-Ãm-änepw ""IpSn-¨mepw'' F¶ At]-£-bp-ap-v. 3þ4 ]Zy-§Ä C{µsâ hnhn-[-ho-c- IÀa-§-fn acp-¯p¡fpsS ]¦v ]cm-aÀin¡p-¶Xp ImWmw.- 48-þmw kqà-¯n C{µsâ _mey-þbu-h\Im-e-hn-h-c-W-am-Wv. Ahsâ ssii-hw, buh-\-Im-es¯ Aan- X-amb {]k-cn-¸pw AÑs\ (Xz-jvSm-hn-s\) adn-I-S-¡p-¶-Xpw Cu {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn A½ klmbw \ÂIp- ¶Xpw CXn Ah-tem-I\w sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. A½ \h-Pm-X-in-ip-hn\v tkmaw \ÂIp-¶p. Ah³ IpSn-¨n«v AÑs\ Iogvs¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw tkmaw A]-l-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 49-þmw kqà-¯nse BZy-]Zyw ""iwkm'' (Rm³ kvXnXn-¡p-¶p) F¶m-cw-`n-¡p-¶p. ]Ã-hn-sbm-gn¨p \mep- ]-Zy-§-fnse hnh-c-Whpw CX-\p-k-cn-¨mWv t]mIp-¶-Xv. {]Xy-£-amb A`yÀY-\-I-sfm-¶p-ansænepw Cµsâ hnP-b-i-ànbpsSbpw km[-\-§-fpsS \nb-{´-W-¯n-sâbpw {]iw-k, B cpw Kmb-I\pw kap-Zm-b-¯n\pw Xcm³ bXv\n-¡p-¶-Xn\v tZh-t\mSv hywKy-ambn kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 50-þm-as¯ {lkzamb ""bm{Xm''kqà-¯nse am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡m-\p-Å-Xm-Wv. acp-Xzm³ F¶ C{µ-hn-ti-jWw (1) CXv kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. C{µsâ bm{Xm-kq-à-§-fnse ]nwKe¡pXn-c-I-fpsS ]cm- aÀihpw ChnsS ImWmw. ]Ã-hn-(5)¡p-]p-dsa D]m-´y(4)-]-Zyhpw BZy-s¯ -C-{µ-kq-à(3. 30. 20)-¯nepÅ- Xnsâ Bh-À¯-\-am-Wv. 51-þmw kqàw aq¶p hr¯-§-fn-embn \mep XrN-§-fn kwhn-[m\w sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. BZys¯ cp XrN-§Ä ]Xn-hp-\n-e-hm-c-¯n-epÅ C{µ-kvXpXn DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Cu kvXpXn {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p¶ Km\-§Ä¡pw Kmb-I-·mÀ¡pw Du¶Â \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. XrN-§Ä¡p-Ån ià-amb sFIy-sam-¶p-a-pÅ-Xmbn kqN-\-bn- Ã. Cu aWvU-e-¯nse ]e kqà-§-fn-ep-sa-¶-t]m-se, aq¶m-as¯ XrN-¯n C{µ³ acp-¯p-¡-tfm-Sp-IqSn \S-¯p¶ tkma-]m-\-hÀW-\-a-t{X. am[y-µn\-k-h-\-¯n AXv DNn-X-am-W-tÃm. Ah-km-\s¯ XrNw IqSp- X \njvIr-jvS-ambn C{µ-tkm-a-]m-\-hÀW-\-¯n tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. 52-þmw kqàhpw Cµ-kq-à-k-am-lm-c-¯n-te¡p Iq«n-t¨À¡-s¸-«-Xm-Wv. Aán-kq-à-amb 3. 22-þ\p XnI¨pw kam-´-c-amb C-Xv tkma-b-Ú-¯nse Hmtcm kh-\-¯nepw Hmtcm ]ptcm-fm-i(A-S)-l-hnÊv \ÂIp-¶-Xn-s\-¸- än-bm-Ip-¶p. Hmtcm kh-\-¯n\pw Hmtcm hr¯w kzoI-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. {]mXx-k-h\w 1þ4 ]Zy-§-fp-sSbpw am[y- µn-\-k-h\w (Cu aWvU-e-¯nse ]e kqà-§-fn-epw -CXv th{X {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿-s¸-«n-«p-v) Hcp ]Zy- ¯nepw (5) XrXo-b-k-h\hpw Hcp ]Zy-¯nepw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. aäp cp ]Zy-§Ä s]mXp-hm-bp-Å-X-t{X. hf-ªp-]p-f-ªp-In-S-¡p¶ Cu kqàw C{µ-kq-à-§-fpsS Hc-\p-_-Ô-am-Wv. CXv A©p hnhn-[-hr-¯- §-fn-embn, Npcp-§n-bXv Bdp JWvU-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. JWvU-§ÄX-½n _Ô-an-sÃ-¶p-Xs¶ ]d-bmw. an¡-hmdpw auen-I-ambn kzX-{´-amWv Hmtcm-¶pw. ]t£, kqàw sam¯-¯n hnizm-an-{X-s\bpw At±-l- ¯nsâ IpSp-w_-¡m-cmb Ipin-I-·m-scbpw c£n-Xm-hmb cmPmhv kpZm-Ên-s\bpw `c-X-·m-scbpw IoÀ¯n-¡m\p- t±-in-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. 53-þmw kqà-¯nsâ XpS¡w (1-þ6) Gähpw amaqÂkz-`m-h-apÅ `mK-am-Wv. C{µs\ Zm\-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn bÚ- ¯n-te¡p tkma-]m-\-¯n-¶mbn hcm³ £Wn-¡p-¶p. `mcybp-sSbpw ho«n-sâbpw ]cm-aÀi-amWv (4-þ6) Gsd khn-ti-j-amb `mKw. ZqX-\mbn h¶v tkma-]m-\-¯n-\p-tijw ho«n-te¡p Xncn¨p t]mI-W-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. cmw JWvUw (7þ14) apgp-h³ Ihn hnizm-an-{X-s\bpw IpSpw-_-s¯bpw c£n-Xmhmb cmPmhv kpZm-Ên-s\bpw At±-l-¯nsâ {]PI-fmb `c-X-·m-scbpw a[y-Ø-\mb C{µ-s\bpw kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶p. JWvU-¯nsâ Ah- km\w bÚw sN¿m-¯- FXn-cm-fn-Isf kpZm-Ên-sâbpw `c-X-·m-cp-sSbpw Iogn-em-¡m³ C{µ-t\m-S-`yÀYn-¡p- ¶p-ap-v.-A-Sp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (14-þ15) kkÀ¸-cn-sb-¸-än-bm-Wv. B ]Z-¯nsâ cq]-\n-jv]-¯nbpw \ncpànbpw Ahy-à-a-t{X. hmKvtZ-h-X-bm-sW¶p NneÀ. Ipin-I-cpsS Ic-hn-cp-Xnsâ aqÀ¯o-`m-h-sa¶p aäp NneÀ. ]ip-hm- sW-¶mWv ChnSs¯ hymJym-\w. GXm-bm-epw, AhÄ klm-bn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v IoÀ¯n ssIh-cp-sa-¶v Ihn hÀWn-¡p-¶-p. XpSÀ¶pÅ \mep ]Zy-§Ä¡v (17-þ20) kqà-¯nse aäp `mK-hp-ambn _Ôw ImWp-¶n-Ã. bm{X- bn tXcn\pw Imf-IÄ¡pw aäpw hcp¶ tISp-]m-Sp-Ifpw aäpw ]cn-l-cn-¡-W-sa¶ A`yÀY-\-bm-W-p {]Xn-]m- Zyw. Ah-km-\s¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä (21-þ24) hymJym-\n-¡m³ hnj-a-ap-Å-h-bm-Wv. hnizm-an-{X\pw hkn-jvT\pw X½n-epÅ i{Xp-X-bpsS {]I-S-\-am-bmWv ]c-¼-cm-K-X-ambn Ah IW-¡m-¡n-t¸m-cp-¶-Xv. AXp a-lm-`m-c-X-¯n- epw aäpw ]n¡m-e¯v hnh-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h-bm-Wv. EtKz-Z-¯n B hyàn-]-c-amb i{Xp-X-bn-sÃ-¶mWv k¼qÀW- amb BwK-e-hn-hÀ¯-\-¯nsâ IÀ¯m-¡-fpsS A`n-{]m-bw (1. 537) Cu aWvU-e-¯n hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡pÅ BZyt¯XmWv Cu 54-þmw kqàw. CXn\v cp `mK-§Ä: 1þ10 ]Zy-§Ä H¶mw `mKhpw 11-þ22 ]Zy-§Ä cmw `mK-hpw. cmw `mK-¯n Cu tZh-·m-cpsS Hcp ]«nI \ÂIp- ¶p-v. Hmtcm ]Zy¯nepwpw [mcmfw tZh-·mcpw Ah-cpsS khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw hnh-cn-¡s¸Sp-¶p. Cu `mKw Xmc-X-tay\ EPphpw efn-X-hp-am-Ip-¶p. BZys¯ ]Ip-Xn, hnti-jn¨v 2þ9 ]Zy-§Ä kzÀK-s¯bpw `qan-sbbpw hÀWn-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ XpS¡w B tZh-Xm-Zz-µz-¯nsâ (Zymhm-]r-Yn-hn-I-fpsS) hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-§-fnse amaqÂkvXp-Xn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sm-Wv. hkvXp-¡-fpsS kz`m-h-s¯-¸-änbpw hniz-¯nse kwK-Xn-I-fpsS D¯cw In«m¯ tNmZy-§-sf-¸-änbpw Dulm-t]m-l-§-tfm-SpÅ Hcp-Xcw hnS hm§Â ChnsS ZÀin-¡mw. DZm-l-c-Wambn A©mw ]Zy-¯nse tNmZy-§Ä t\m¡p-I. kXy-¯nepw bmYmÀYy-¯n-ep-w Zyhm-]r-Yn-hn-Isf Is-¯enepw (Cu cp {]ta-bhpw 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fnÂ), A\n-Ýn-X-amb tNmZy-§fnepapÅ Du¶Â, {]]©-¯nsâ bYmÀY-amb am\-§fpw kz`m-hhpw {Ita-Wbpw A]qÀW-ambpw am{Xta \mw Is-¯p-¶pÅq F¶ kwKXn kqNn-¸n-¡p- ¶p. Cu `mK-¯nse ssien \nKq-Vm-ß-Ihpw km{µhpw Ae-¦m-c-k-¦oÀW-hp-am-Ip-¶p. {]tXy-In-¨v, 9þmw ]Zyw. 55-þmw kqà-¯nsâ Gähpw hyà-amb khn-ti-jX ""al-¯mWv tZh-·m-cpsS GI-amb {]`p-Xzw'' F¶ ]Ã-hn-bm-Wv. Htc ka-b-¯pÅ tZh-·m-cpsS (A-kp-c-·m-cp-sS-bpw) Cu GI-Xzhpw sshhn-[yhpw an¡ hntiz- tZh-kq-à-§-fnepw, hnti-jn-¨v- C-Xnsâ- c-mw-`m-K¯nÂ, {]I-S-a-t{X. ]t£, hntiz-tZ-h-·m-cpsS ]«nI \nc-¯p¶ km[m-c-W-kq-à-§-fn \n¶v CXv hyXn-cn-à-am-bn- \ne sImÅp- ¶p. H¶mw `mKw Aán-bpsS P·-c-lkys¯Êw-_-Ôn-¨m-Ip-¶p. Aán \nb-X-ambn P\n-¨-t¸mÄ ]Xn-hp-t]mse C-{µ³ bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcp-¶p. BZn-a-amb {]mXx-k-h-\-¯nsâ -]p-\x-kr-jvSn-sbbpw Ihn-bpsS Ah-Xm-c-W- -s¯bpw hÀWn-¡p¶ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä(1-þ3)¡p-tijw kqàw Aán ]e Øe-§-fnepw kky-§-fnepw Hfn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-Xnsâ \nKq-Vm-ß-I-amb hÀW-\-(4-þ5)¯n-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. Aán-bp-sS- A-Ñ-\-½-am-cmb Ac- Wn-t¡m-ep-I-Ä (6þ7), Pz-e-\-¯n-\p-tijw Xo ]nSn-¡p-¶Xv (8-þ9), ]pIbpw Pzme-Ifpw kzÀK-¯n-te-¡-b-bv¡p- ¶Xv (10) F¶n-h-bpsS hÀW\-bmWv XpSÀ¶v. Aán-Pz-e\w {]m]-©n-Ihpw bmÚn-I-hpw, cp-am-b, am\-§- fn-te¡p IS-¡p-¶p. cm{Xnbpw Dj-Êpw, ]n¶oSv Dj-Êp-IÄ am-{Xw, inip-hmb Aán-bpsS- A-½-am-cmbn Iev]n- ¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. CXv {]mXx-k-h-\-¯nse bÚm-án-b-t{X (11-þ16). Xma-bn-bmsX C{µ³ {]mXx-k-h-\-b-Ú-¯n {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p (17-þ18). Cu {]tl-fn-Im-{]m-b-amb ]Zy-§-fnse ]e Bi-b-§fpw hyà-a-Ã. ]eXpw ]e hymJym-\-§Ä¡pw CSw \ÂIp-¶p. 56þm-a-t¯Xv \nKq-Vm-ßIhpw IS-¦-Ym-{]m-b-hp-amb asämcp hntiz-tZ-h-kq-àw. AXnse cl-ky-§-tfm- sSm¸w kwJym-]-Z-ssien-bpsS Ah-X-c-Whpw ImWmw. apJy-ambn aq¶pw aq¶nsâ Cc-«n-¸p-I-fp-amWv ImWp-¶- Xv. kqà-¯nsâ BZy-`m-K-§-fn Cu kwJy-IÄ {]m]-©n-I-i-àn-I-sf-bmWv ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xv. DZm-l-c-W- ambn aq¶p kzÀK-§Ä, aq¶p `qan-IÄ þ A§s\ BsI Bdv (2). {]]©-kr-jvSn-sb-¡p-dn¨pw ]cm-aÀi-ap-s- ¦nepw hni-Zmw-i-§Ä hyà-a-Ã. ]t£, A©mw ]Zyw apX aq¶v F¶ kwJy \nXy-hp-apÅ aq¶p kh-\- §sf ]cm-aÀin-¨p-sImv ià-amb bmÚn-I-¯n-cn-hn-te¡p IS-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw Ihn bÚ-L-S\ {]]- ©-L-S-\-bp-ambn A`n-¶-s¸-Sp-¶p-sh¶p [z\n-¸n-¡p-¶p. 57þmw kqàw kvXpXn-Imhyw sNmÃp¶ {]mXx-k-h\hpw ]nSn-¡-Ãp-IÄ¡v \pIw sh¡epw Aán-Pz-e- \hpw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. Ihn kzbw Cu {]hÀ¯-\-¯nsâ tI{µ-¯n \n¡p-¶p. kqàw Agn-¨p-hn-«Xpw [mcmfw Dev]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-amb Hcp ]ip-hnÂ\n¶v Xm³ t\Sp¶ {]tNm-Z-\-¯nsâ at\m-l-chpw hÀW-i-_-f- hp-am-b- _nw-_-I-ev]-\-tbmsS XpS-§p-¶p. 58-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv \nKq-Vm-ß-I-amb Hcdnbn-t¸m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. ]t-bpÅ ""ip¢''amb Id-h-¸- iphpw Z£n-W-bpsS ]p{X\pw GsX¶p hyà-a-Ã. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[w {]mX-x-Im-es¯ hÀWn-¡p- ¶p. AXp-sImv Id-h-¸-iphpw Dj-Êp-X-s¶-bm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. AXnsâ ]m shfn-¨-hpw. CXv {]`m-X-¯n sNmtà kqà-am-bn-cn-¡Ww. Cu ]m ip¢-¯nÂ\n¶p hcp-¶p. AXv Aán-bpsS Xotbm kqcyt\m tkmatam Bhmw. Z£n-W-bpsS ]p{X-\m-Wv Aán F¶p Iev]n-¡p-¶p--tÃm. Z£nW bYmÀY-¯ntem Be-¦m-cn-I-amtbm ]ip-hm-Ip-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯nepw CXp-t]mse k¦oÀW-amb ]e {]iv\-§-fp-ap-v. aäp ]Zy-§Ä Cu cs®w t]mse \nKq-Vm-ß-Itam k¦oÀWtam AÃ. AXv {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n {]-Xy-£-s¸-Sm³ Aizn-I-tfm-SpÅ A`yÀY- \-bm-Wv. Bdmw ]Zy-¯nse PÓmhn PÓp-]-Xv\nsb ]cmaÀin-¡p-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. {_mÒW-§-f-\p-k-cn¨v PÓp hnizm-an-{Xsâ AÑt\m ]qÀhn-It\m BWv. PÓm-hn-bpsS Imcy-¯n ]WvUn-X-·mÀ¡n-S-bn ]e A`n- {]m-b-§fpw \ne-\n¡p-¶p-v. an{X³ s]mXp-hn hcp-W-t\m-sSm-¸-amWv hnfn-¡-s¸-Sm-dv. Cu 59-þmw kqàw am{X-amWv EtKz-Z-¯n an{X- ¶pÅ Htc-sbm¶v. P\-§sf ""kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p¶'' kJy-§-fpsS tZh-\m-bmWv ChnsS an{X³ kwt_m-[\ sN¿- s¸-Sp-¶-Xv (1, 5). hnhm-l-§fpw Icm-dp-Ifpw aäv kJy-cq-]-§fpw P\-§Ä X½n¯-½n kzoI-cn-¡p¶ aäp _Ô-§-fp-amWv Dt±-in-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. a\p-jy-\mb cmPmhv A¯cw _Ô-§Ä kwc-£n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se, an{X³ F¶ Znhy\mb -cm-Pmhv Ahbv¡v Znhy-amb A\p-aXn \ÂIp-¶p. BZy-]Zyw an{Xsâ kz`mh-¯n\v ASn-h-c-bn- Sp-Ibpw an{X-i-_vZ-¯nsâ kJymÀY-¯n-t·Â ]Z-eoe \S-¯p-I-bpw sN¿p-¶p. kJy-§-fpsS tZh³, hnfn-¡- s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ, P\-§sf AWn-\n-c-¯p-Ibpw AXv {]Jym-]n-¡p-t¼mÄ P\-§Ä kwL-Sn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu kqàw \memw ]Zy-¯n Hcp kJy-¯nsâ P·w AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. AXv an{Xsâ P·w-X-s¶-bm-Wv. GXp-X-c-¯n-epÅ kJy-amWv P·-sa-Sp-¯-sX¶p kqàw ]d-bp-¶n-Ã. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fnÂ, ]t£, AXv bÚ-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ tZh-·mcpw a\p-jycpw X½n-epÅ kJy-am-sW¶p kqN-\-bp-v. Cu kJy-¯n a\p-jyÀ kvXpXn-I-fn-eq-Sbw lhn-Êp-I-fn-eq-sSbpw tZh-·msc iàn-s¸-Sp-¯pIbpw ]Icw tZh-·mÀ a\p-jysc A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p-sa¶p {]Xo-£n-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. -60-þmw kqàw C¶s¯ ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ E`p-¡-fpsS sshZ-Kv[y-§Ä hos-Sp-¯p-sh¶v Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. E`p-¡Ä ""a\p-hnsâ a¡''-fm-bmWv (a-\p-jy-cm-bm-Wv) P\n-¨-sX-¦n-epw (3), AhÀ ZnhyXzhpw (2) AaÀ¯y- Xzhpw (3) tZh-·m-sc-t¸mse bÚmw-ihpw (1) t\Sn. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n E`p-¡Ä kzoI-cn¨ ""cq]w'' AhÀ t\Snb Znhy-cq-]-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww. 4þ6 ]Zy-§fn Ihn C{µ-\n-te¡p Xncn-bp-Ibpw At±-l-t¯mSv ]qÀWZn-hy- cq]w ssIs¡m E`p-¡-tfm-sSm¸w tkma-k-h\bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm\pw tkmaw IpSn-¡m\pw £Wn-¡p- Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C{µ\pw E`p-¡fpw k©-cn-¡p-¶- tXcns\ hÀWn-¡p¶ Cu A´n-a-]-Zy-§-fnepS-\ofw k½m- \-tP-Xm-¡-fmb ]´-b-¡p-Xn-c-I-fp-sS _nw_-I-ev]-\-bmWv Ihn ssIs¡m-Åp-¶-Xv. hmP-s\-¶Xv E`p-¡-fn-sem- cm-fpsS t]cm-b-Xp-sImv Cu hmP-i-_vZ-¯nsâ tÇj-km-[y-Xbpw 5, 6 ]Zy-§-fn Ihn apX-se-Sp-¡p-¶p-v. aq¶mw aWvU-e-¯n Dj-Ên\p kaÀ¸n-¨n-«pÅ Htc-sbmcp kqàw. CXv ]Xn-hp-{]-ta-b-§sf tbmPn-¸n- ¡p¶p: bph-Xn-bmb tZhn-bpsS kuµ-cyw, AhÄ¡p {]mXxkh-\hpw bÚm-ánbpambpÅ _Ôw, {]mXx- k-h-\-¯n Z£n-WI-fpsS hnX-c-Ww- sImv k¼-¶-km-[-\-§Ä \ÂIp-¶-h-sf¶ ]¦v F¶n-h. BZy-s¯- aq¶mw aWvU-ew, F«mw kqàw hnizman{X KmYn-\³ Ejn; 11 ]Zy-§Ä; {XnjvSp`v (A-\p-jvSp`v 3, 7 Hgn-sI); bq]w tZhX Aán-kq-à-k-am-lm-c-¯nsâ CS-bn-emWv Cu kqà-sa-¦n-epw, CXv bÚ-bq-]-¯n-¶mWv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n- cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXn-em-WtÃm bÚ-]-ipsh sI«n-bn-SpI. F´n-\m-Wn-Xn-hnsS tNÀ¯-sX¶p hyà-a-Ã. an¡-hmdpw apgp-h³ {XnjvSp`v hr¯-\n-_-²-amb Bdv GIm-Z-i-]-Zy-cq]-amb Aánkq-à-§-fpsS A´y-¯n-emWv hcp-¶- sX¶Xm-bn-cn¡mw CXn\p Imc-Ww. F¶m Cu kqà-¯nsâ LS-\-sb-¸än Nnt´m-±o-]-I-amb NÀ¨-IÄ \S-¶n-«p-v. Cu kqà-¯n\v cp `mK-§fpw (1-þ5, 6þ10) Hcp D]-kw-lm-c-]-Zy-hp(11)amWp-Å-sX-¶mWv Ah-bpsS cXv\-¨p-cp-¡w. cp {]tXy-I-`m- K-§Ä: BZy-t¯Xv Hcp bq]-s¯-¸-änbpw cm-a-t¯Xv ]e bq]-§-sf-¸-än-bpw. A\p-{I-a-Wn-bn CXv kqNn- ¸n-¡p-¶p-v. hmN-I-ssi-en-bnepw LS-\-bnepw cpw kam-´-cw. H¶v Hcp arKs¯ sI«m\pÅ bq]-s¯-¸- änbpw atäXv ]e ]ip-¡sf sI«m-\pÅ bq]-s¯¸-än-bpw. auen-I-ambn {]kvXp-X-kqàw cs-®-am-bn-cn-¡m- sa¶pw (H-¶v, GI-]-ip--bÚ¯nsâbpw cm-a-t¯Xv At\-I-]-ip-b-Ú-¯n-sâbpw ]Ým-¯-e-¯nÂ) ]n¶o- SXv cpw H¶n-¨m¡n Hcp D]-kw-lm-c-]-Zyhpw tNÀ¯v GIm-Z-i-kq-à-k-am-lm-c-amb Aán-kq-à-§Ä¡n-S- bn tNÀ¯Xm-bn-cn-¡m-sa-¶p-at{X ]WvUn-Xm-`n-{]m-bw. cp `mK-§-fnepw bq]-¯nsâ (§-fp-sS) \nhÀ¶p-\n-ev]v, A`n-tj-Iw, s]mXn-b F¶o bÚ-IÀa-§Ä Hcp-t]m-se. F¶mÂ, bÚ-]-ip-sh-¸än ]cm-aÀi-an-Ã. 1. ARvP´n Xzma-[ztc tZh-bt´m h\-kv]tX a[p\m ssZthy\ bZqÀ[z-kvXnjvTm {Zhn-tWl [¯mZv bZv hm £tbm amXp-ckym D]tØ bZv {ZhnWm Cl [¯mXv DuÀ[zx XnjvTmx `uXn-I-km-[\-§Ä ChnsS Øm]n-¡-s¸-«-Xn-\p-tijw \o \nhÀ¶p\n¡p-t¼mÄ, bZv hm Akymx amXpx D]tØ £bx AY-hm, Cu A½(-`q-an)-bp-sS -a-Sn-bn im´-ambn hkn-¡p -t¼mÄ, h\-kv]tX tZh-b´x A[ztc h\-kv]tX! tZh-·msc tXSp¶-hÀ bÚ-¯n ssZthy\ a[p\m Xzmw ARvP´n kzÀKo-b-a-[p-sImv \ns¶ A`n-tj-Nn-¡p-¶p. 2. kan-²ky {ib-amWx ]pc-kvXmZv {_Ò h\zmt\m APcw kphocw Btc Akva-Z-aXnw _m[-am\ D{Ñ-bkz altX ku`-Kmb kan-²ky ]pc-kvXmXv {ib-amWx Pzen-¡p¶ (Aán-bpsS) ap³]n Xm§n-\nÀ¯-s¸-«v kphocw APcw {_Ò h\zm\x \à hoc-·msc \ÂIp¶ Pc _m[n-¡m¯ ]hn-{X-a{´w t\Sn-, AkvaXv Btc AaXnw _m[-am\x R§-fnÂ\n¶p Zqsc A{i² Ip¯n-¡-b-äns¡m-v, altX ku`-Kmb D{Ñ-bkz al-¯mb \à `mKy-¯n-\pthn DbÀ¶p-\n-¶mepw! 3. D{Ñ-bkz h\-kv]tX hÀjva³ ]rYnhym A[n kpanXo aob-amt\m hÀt¨m[m bÚ-hm-ltk h\-kv]tX ]rYnhym hÀjva³ A[n D{Ñ-bkz h\-kv]tX! `qan-bpsS D¶-Xn-¡p-ta DbÀ¶p-\n-¶mepw! kpanXo aob-am\x bÚ-hm-ltk hÀ¨x [mx \à ASn-¯-dbn sI«n-¸-Sp-¯p-sImv bÚw hml-\ -am-b-h-\p-thn tXPÊv \ne-\nÀ¯n-bmepw! 4. bphm kphkmx ]cn-hoX B KmXv k D t{ibm³ `hXn Pmb-am\x Xw [ocmkx Ihb D¶-b´n kzmt[ym a\km tZh-b´x bphm kphmkmx ]cn-hoXx B AKmXv bphm-hmbn \à hkv{Xw [cn-¨v Ac-bv¡p-Npäpw sI«n Ah³ ChnsS h¶p. kx D Pmb-am\x t{ibm³ `hXn Ah³ P\n-¨-t¸m-g-s¯t¸mse Gsd tim-`-bp-Åh-\m-bn- `hn¡p-¶p. [ocmkx kzm[yx Ihbx DÄ¡m-gv¨-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb {i²m-ep¡-fmb Ihn-IÄ a\km tZh-b´x Xw D¶-b´n a\km tZh-·msc tXSn- Ahs\ taevt]m«v DbÀ¯n-\nÀ¯p-¶p. 5. PmtXm PmbtX kpZn-\tXz AÓmw kacy B hnZtY hÀ[-am\x ]p\´n [ocm A]tkm a\ojm tZhbm hn{] DZo-bÀ¯n hmNw hnZtY AÓmw kpZn-\tXz Hcn-¡Â P\n-¨m bÚ-¯n Zn\-§-fpsS Gähpw DÖze-amb Zn\-¯n katcy B hÀ[-am\x PmbtX Gäp-ap-«-en ià-\mbn hfÀ¶v Ah³ (hopw) P\n-¡p¶p. [ocmx A]kx a\ojm ]p\´n DÄ¡m-gv¨-bp-Å-hcpw IÀaio-ecpw DÄ¡m-gv¨-bpÅ Nn´-sImv Ahs\ ip²o-Icn-¡p-¶p. tZhbmx hn{]x hmNw DZn-bÀ¯n tZh-·m-tcmSv At]-£n-¨psImv Ihn Xsâ i_vZw DbÀ¯p-¶p. 6. bm³ thm \tcm tZh-bt´m \nan-aypÀþ h\-kv]tX kz[n-XnÀhm XX£ tX tZhmkx kzchkvXØn-hmwkx {]Pm-h-Zkvta Zn[n-j´p cXv\w tZh-b´x \cx bm³ hx \nanaypx tZhs\ tXSp¶ a\pjyÀ \n§Ä¡p-thn Dd¸n-¨tXm hm h\-kv]tX kz[nXnx XX£ h\-kv]tX! agp cq]-s¸Sp-¯nbtXm Bb tX tZhmkx kzchx XØn-hmwkx B tZh·mÀ bÚbq-]-§-sf-t¸m-se \n¶p-sImv Akvta {]Pm-hZv cXv\w Z[n-j´p R§-fn k´-XnbpÄs¡m-Åp¶ \n[n Øm]n¡-s«. 7. tb hrIvWmtkm A[n £an \nan-Xmtkm bX-{kpNx tX t\m hy´p hmcyw tZh{Xm t£{X-km-[kx hrIvWmkx A[n £an apdn-¡-s¸«h `qan-bnepÅtXm \nan-Xmkx tb bX-{kpNx AXn Dd-¸n-¡-s¸-«tXm lhn-jv¯-hn-IÄ AXnsâ ta \o«n-btXm Bb tX t£{X-km-[kx \x Ah Irjn-`q-an-IÄ¡v hnPbw D-d-¸n-¨p-sImv R§Ä¡p-thn tZh{Xm hmcyw hy´p tZh-·mÀ¡n-S-bn aqey-h-¯mb hkvXpsh ]n´pScp¶-Xm-hs«. 8. BZnXym cp{Zm hkhx kp\oYm Zymhm£mam ]rYnho A´-cn£w ktPm-jtkm bÚ-a-h´p tZhm DuÀ[zw IrWz-´z-[z-cky tIXpw BZnXymx cp{Zmx kp\oYmx hkhx BZn-Xy-·mcpw cp{Z-·mcpw \à klmbw sN¿p¶ hkp-¡fpw Zymhm-£mam ]rYnho A´-cn£w kzÀKhpw `qanbpw hnim-e-am-bXpw A´-co-£hpw tZhmx ktPmjkx bÚw Ah´p þ tZh-·m-scÃmw Hcp-an¨v R§fpsS bÚs¯ klm-bn-¡-s«. A[z-cky tIXpw DuÀ[zw IrWz´p AhÀ bÚ-¯nsâ Zo]-kvXw-`s¯ \nhÀ¶p-\nÀ¯n-¡-s«. 9. lwkm Ch t{iWntim bXm\mx i{Im hkm\m kzcthm \ BKpx D¶o-b-am\mx Ihn`nx ]pc-kvXmZv tZhm tZhm-\m-a-]n- b´n ]mYx lwkmx Ch t{iWn-ix- b-Xm\mx hm¯p-I-sf-t¸mse AWnb-Wn-bm-bn- \n-c-¶v, ip{Imx hkm\mx kzchx \x B AKpx an¶p¶ (hkv{X§Ä) [cn-¨v, bq]-§Ä R§fpsS ASp¯v ChnsS h¶p. Ihn`nx ]pc-kvXmZv D¶o-b-am\mx Ihn-Ifm ap³]n DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn¡s¸-«p-sImv tZhmx tZhm\mw ]mYx A]n b´n tZh-·mÀ tZh-·m-cpsS hgn-bn-te¡p t]mIp-¶p. 10. irwKm-Wo-th-Ñrw-KnWmw kµ-Zrt{i Njm-e-h´x kzchx ]rYnhymw hmL-Zv`nÀhm hnlth t{imj-am-Wm -Akvam\h´p ]rX-\m-tPyjp irwKnWmw irwKmWn Ch kµ-Zrt{i Ah sIm¼pÅ arK§-fpsS sIm¼pIÄ-t]mse {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. kzchx Njm-e-h´x ]rYnhymw CXv bq]-§Ä, Dcp ]nSn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn, `qan-bn¯s¶ (\n¡p¶p). hm hmLZv`nx hnlth t{imj-amWmx AY-hm, BßmÀYX-bn-ÃmsX ]dbp-¶-h-cpsS aÕ-cn-¨p-sIm-pÅ hnfn-I-Ä {i²n-¨p-sImv ]rX-\m-tPyjp Akvam³ Ah´p (tZh-·mÀ) bp²-bm-{XIfn R§sf klm-bn-¡-s«.- 11. h\-kv]tX iX-hevtim hn tcml kl-{k-hevim hn hbw cptla bw Xzmabw kz[n-Xn-kvtX-P-am\x {]mWn-\mb altX ku`-Kmb h\-kv]tX iX-hevix hn tcml h\-kv]tX! \o \qdp imJ-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn hfÀ¶mepw! hbw A]n kl-{k-hevimx hn cptla R§fpw Bbncw imJ-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn hf-c-s«. Abw kz[nXnx tXP-am\x Cu agp aqÀ¨-Iq-Sn--s¡mv bw Xzmw altX ku`-Kmb {]Wn-\mb B \ns¶ al¯mb ku`m-Ky-¯n-\pthn apt¶m«p \bn-¨p. aq¶mw aWvU-ew, ap¸¯naq¶mw kqàw hnizm-an{X KmYn-\³ AYhm \Zn-IÄ Ejn; 13 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v (A-\p-jvSp¸v 13 Hgn-sI); hnizm-an-{X\pw \Zn-Ifpw tZhX Cu kqàw C{µ-k-am-lm-c-¯n-emWv ImWp-¶-sX-¦n-epw, A\p-{I-aWn C{µ³ 6, 7 ]Zy-§-fpsS kaÀ¸-I- \m-sWt¶ ]d-bp-¶p-Åq. 1þ3, 5, 9, 11-þ13 F¶nh \Zn-Ifpw Ihn-bmb hnizm-an-{X\pw ]¦n-Sp-¶p. (4, 8, 10) F¶nh hnizm-an-{X-tâ-Xv. hn]mSv-þ-ip-Xp{Zo\Zn-I-fpsS kwKaw hÀWn-¡p¶ BZy-s¯ -cp ]Zy-§Ä¡p-tijw Cu {]i-kvX-kqàw hnizm-an-{X-\pw- \-Zn-Ifpw X½n-epÅ kw`mj-W-apÄs¡m-Åp-¶X-t{X. `c-X-·mÀ¡p IS-¡p- ¶-Xn-\p-thn bm{X \nÀ¯-W-sa¶v hniz-an-{X³ \Zn-I-tfmSv A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. Ah k½-Xn-¡p-¶p. Hcp \n_- Ô\ am{Xw: Ihn-X-bn X§-fpsS `mhn-{]-ikvXn Dd-¸m-¡-Ww. 12-þmw ]Zy-¯n ]d-bp-¶-Xp-t]m-se, `c-X-·mÀ hnP-b-I-c-am-bn- \-Zn-IÄ IS¡p-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw \Zn-IÄ hopw shÅwsImp \nd-bv¡-s¸SW-sa¶pw C\nbpw Hgp-I-W-sa¶pw DZvt_m-[n-¸n¡s¸-Sp-¶p. `uXn-I-tem-Is¯ \nb-{´n-¡m³ icn-bmbn cq]-s¸-Sp-¯nb {]`m-j-W-¯n\v Ign-bp-sa¶Xn\v DZm-l-c-W-amWo kqàw. `n¶-amb A\pjvSp¸phr¯-\n-_-²-amb Ah-km- \s¯ 13-þmw ]Zyw, Xpd-ap-J¯v hnj-a-¯nÂs¸-«- Hcp kwL-w IS-¡p¶ km¦-ev]n-Itam sFXn-lym-kv]-Ztam Bb Hcp \Zn-bn {]tbm-Kn-¨p-sImv hm¡nsâ iàn-bnepÅ XpSÀ¨-bmb hnizmks¯ DZm-l-cn-¡p¶ am{´nIiàn-bpÅ H¶m-hmw. 1. {] ]Àh-Xm-\m-ap-iXo D]-Ømþ Ztiz Ch hnjntX lmk-amt\ Kmthh ipt{` amXcm cnlmtW hn]m-Svip-Xp{Zo ]bkm PthtX ]Àh-Xm\mw D]-ØmZv DiXo ]Àh-X-§-fpsS aSn-bnÂ\n¶v D¡-WvT-tbmsS, hnjntX Ch Atiz lmk-amt\ aÕ-cn-t¨m-Sp¶ cp s]¬Ip-Xn-c-I-sf-t¸mse Nncn¨p-sImv amXcm Kmhm Ch ipt{` cnlmtW shfp¯ XÅ-ss¸¡Ä (I¶p-Ip-«n-I-sf-sb-¶)-t]mse ]c-kv]cw \¡n-s¡mv hn]mUv ipXp{Zo {]bkm {] PthtX hn]m-ibpw ipXp{Znbpw (\-Zn-IÄ) ]mepambn apt¶m«p IpXn -¡p-¶p. 2. Ct{µ-jntX {]khw `n£-amtW AÑm kap{Zw ctYyh bmYx kam-cmtW DuÀan`nx ]n\z-amt\ A\ym hma\ymat]y-Xn -ipt{` Ct{µ-jntX {]khw `n£-amtW ipt{` C{µ-\m t{]cn-¸n¡-s¸«v apt¶m-«pÅ XÅn¡-b-ä-¯n ]s¦-Sp -¡m-\m-{Kln-¡p¶- `mkp-c-I-fmb \n§Ä cYym Ch kam-cmtW DuÀan`nx ]n\z-amt\ cp tXcm-fn-Isf-t¸m-se, aÕ-cn-¨p-w Xnc-am-e-I-fm hoÀ¯pw -sImv kap{Zw AÑ bmYx hmw A\ym A\ymw A]n GXn \n§Ä IS-en-te¡p t]mIp-¶p. \n§-fn-sem¶v atä -Xn ebn-¡p-¶p. 3. AÑm knÔpw amXr-X-am-a-bmkw hn]m-i-apÀhow kp`-Km-a-K· hÕ-anh amXcm kwcn-lmtW kam\w tbm\n-a\p k©-c´o amXr-Xamw knÔpw- AÑ Abmkw (hn-izm-an-{X³:) Rm³ Gähpw A½-sb-t¸m-epÅ \Zn- (ip-Xp-{Zp)bn -te¡p t]mbn; DÀhow kp`Kmw hn]miw AK· \mw h¶Xv hnim-e-am-b, \à `mK-ap-Å, hn]m-i-bn-te-¡-t{X. amXcm hÕw Ch kwcn-lmtW A½-am-sc-t¸mse I¶p-Ip-«n-Isf \¡ns¡m-ncn¡p¶- \n-§-fn-cp -hcpw kam\w tbm\nw A\p k©-c´o Htc tbm\n-(\-Zo-ap-Jw)bnte¡p k©-cn-¡p-¶p. 4. G\m hbw ]bkm ]n\z-am\m A\p tbm\nw tZh-IrXw Nc´ox \ hÀ¯th {]khx kÀK-Xàx InwbpÀhnt{]m \tZym tPml-hoXn G\m hbw ]bkm ]n\z-am\mx (\-Zn-IÄ:) AXp-sIm-v, R§Ä ]mÂsImp hoÀ¯v tZh-IrXw tbm\nw A\p Nc´ox tZh-Ir-X-amb R§-fpsS tbm\n-bn-te-¡p t]mIp-¶ {]khx kÀK-Xàx \ hÀ¯th R§-fpsS apt¶m-«pÅ XÅn-¡-bäw Hgp-¡nÂs¸«v XS-Ê-s¸-S-cp-Xv. Inwbpx hn{]x \Zyx tPml-hoXn F´n-\mWv Ihn \Zn-Isf hnfn-¡p-¶Xv? 5. ca[zw ta hNtk tkmaymb EXm-hcocp] aplqÀ¯-tasshx {] knÔp-aÑm _rlXo a\ojmþ hkyq-ctlz Ipin-Iky kq\px EX-hcox Gsshx ta tkmaymb (hnizm-an-{X³:) kXy-]qÀWcmb \n§Ä \n§-fpsS bm{X-I-fn Fsâ tkma-kw_-Ô-amb hNtk aplqÀ¯w D] ca[zw hm¡n-\p-thn Hcp \nan-j-w \n¶mepw! _rlXo a\ojm knÔpw AÑ {] Fsâ Kw`o-camb {]tNm-Zn-X-Nn´ \Zn-bn-te¡p apt¶m«p (t]mbn). Ipin-Iky kq\px Ahkypx Atlz Ipin-I-]p-{X-\mb Rm³ klmbw tXSn (\n§sf) hnfn-¡p¶p. 6. Ct{µm Akvam-\-c-ZZv h{P-_mlpþ c]m-l³ hr{Xw ]cn[nw \Zo\mw tZthm \ bXv khnXm kp]m-Wnþ kvXky hbw {]kth bma DÀhox h{P-_mlpx C{µx Akvam³ Ac-ZXv (\-Zn-IÄ:) h{Pw ssII-fn-te-´nb C{µ³ R§-fn tXmSpIÄ Ip-gn-¨p. \Zo\mw ]cn[nw hr{Xw A] Al³ Ah³ \Zn-IÄ¡p Npäp-am-bmWv hr{Xs\ (hn-Lv\-s¯) \in¸n -¨-Xv. kp]mWnx khnXm tZhx A\-bXv at\m-l-c-amb ssIItfm-Sp-IqSn khn-Xr-tZ-h³ (R-§-sf) \bn-¨p. Xky {]kth hbw DÀhox bmax Ahsâ apt¶m-«pÅ XÅn-¡-b-ä-¯n R§Ä hnim-e-ambn bm{X sN¿p-¶p. 7. {]hmNyw iiz[m hocyw Xþ Zn{µky IÀa bZlnw hnhr-ÝXv hn ht{PW ]cn-jtZm PLm-\mþ b¶m-t]m-b-\-an-Ñ-am\mx bZv Alnw hnhr-ÝZvv C{µky (hnizm-an-{X³:) Ah³ hr{Xs\ shtÆ-sd-bmbn apdn-¨-t¸mÄ, C{µsâ XXv IÀa iiz[m {]hmNyw Cu hocIrXyw Fs¶t¶¡pambn {]Jym-]n-¡-s¸-tS-Xm-Ip¶p. ht{PW ]cn-jZx hnP-Lm\ Ah³ Xsâ h{P-¯m sXmgp-¯p-IÄ XIÀ¯p. B]x Ab\w CÑ-am\mx Bb³ shÅw Hgp-Ip-¶-Xn\p hgn tXSn t]mbn. 8. GX-ZztNm Pcn-XÀam]n arjvTm B bt¯ tLmjm-\p-¯cm bpKm\n {] ]n-\z[zanj-b´ox kpcm[m B h-£Wmx ]rW[zw bmX io`w Khyhx `cXmx AXm-cnjpx (hn-izm-an-{X³:) ss]¡sf tXSp¶ `c-X-·mÀ XnI¨pw IS-¶p. hn{]x \Zo\mw kpaXnw ka-`à Ihn \Zn-I-fpsS B\pIqeyw ]¦n-«p. Cj-b´ox kpcm[mx {] ]n\z[zw t]mjn-¸n-¡-s¸-«p-sImv hfsc DZm-c-I-fmbn ]pjvSn-s¸-«mepw! h£Wmx B ]rW[zw io`w bmX \n§-fpsS hb-dp-IÄ \nd¨mepw! thK¯n t]mbmepw! ]o]ym\m tbmjm Ch tX \n \wssk Rm³ (Hcp \Zn), ]mÂsImp ]pjvSn- {]m-]n¨ bphXn (Ipªns\sb¶ t]m-se), \ns¶- hW§p¶p. 11. bZwK Xzm `cXmx k´-tcbpÀþ Khy³ {Kma- C-jnX C{µ-PqXx AÀjm-Zl {]khx kÀK-Xà B thm hrtW kpaXnw bÚn-bm\mw AwK bZv `cXmx tXz k´-tcbpx (hnizm-an-{X³:) `c-X·mÀ \n§sf apgp-h³ XoÀ¨-bmbpw XcWw sNbvX-t¸mÄ, C{µ-PqXx CjnXx Khy³ {Kmax Cµ³ \nÀ_-Ôn-¨-b¨ ss]¡sf tXSp¶ IhÀ¨-kwLw {]khx Al kÀK-Xàx AÀjmXv \n§-fp-sS- ap-t¶m-«pÅ XÅn-¡-b-äw \nÝ-b-ambpw Hgp-¡nÂs¸«v (ho-pw)- Ip-Xn-¸n¡pw. bÚn-bm\mw hx kpaXnw B hrtW Rm³ bÚmÀl-cmb \n§-fpsS B\p-Iqeyw hcn-¡p-¶p. 12. AXm-cn-jpÀ`-cXm Khyhx kþ a`-à-hn{]x kpaXnw \Zo\mw {] ]n-\z[zanj-b´ox kpcm[m B h-£Wmx ]rW[zw bmX io`w Khyhx `cXmx AXm-cnjpx (hn-izm-an-{X³:) ss]¡sf tXSp¶ `c-X-·mÀ XnI¨pw IS-¶p. hn{]x \Zo\mw kpaXnw ka-`à Ihn \Zn-I-fpsS B\pIqeyw ]¦n-«p. Cj-b´ox kpcm[mx {] ]n\z[zw t]mjn-¸n-¡-s¸-«p-sImv hfsc DZm-c-I-fmbn ]pjvSn-s¸-«mepw! h£Wmx B ]rW[zw io`w bmX \n§-fpsS hb-dp-IÄ \nd¨mepw! thK¯n t]mbmepw! 13. DZv h DuÀanx iaym lþ ´zmt]m tbm{àmWn ap©X amZpjvIrXu thy\kmþ Lv\yu iq\-am-cXmw hx DuÀanx iaymx DZv l´p \n§-fpsS Xnc-ame \pI-kq-NnIsf tatem«v D´s«! B]x tbm{àmWn ap©X shÅta! \pI-¨-c-Sp-IÄ Agn¨mepw! ALv\yu AZp-jvIrXu thy\km Bcmepw l\n-¡-s¸SmsX, thm-¯-sXm¶pw sN¿m-sX, Hcp Ipähpw IqSm-sX, iq\w am B AcXmw kar²n {]m]n¨mepw! aq¶mw aWvU-ew, A³]s¯m³]Xmw kqàw hnizm-an{X KmYn\³ Ejn; 9 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v (1-þ5), Kmb{Xn (6-þ9); an{X³ tZhX an{X³ s]mXp-hn hcp-W-t\m-sSm-¸-amWv hnfn-¡-s¸-Sm-dv. CXp am{X-amWv EtKz-Z-¯n an{X-¶pÅ Htc- sbmcp kqàw. P\-§sf ""kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p¶'' kJy-§-fpsS tZh-\m-bmWv ChnsS an{X³ kwt_m-[\ sN¿-s¸- Sp-¶-Xv (1, 5). hnhm-l-§fpw Icm-dp-Ifpw aäv kJy-cq-]-§fpw P\-§Ä X½n¯-½n kzoI-cn-¡p¶ aäp _Ô- §-fp-amWv Dt±-in-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. a\p-jy-\mb cmPmhv A¯cw _Ô-§Ä kwc-£n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se, an{X³ F¶ Znhy\mb -cm-Pmhv Ahbv¡v Znhy-amb A\p-aXn \ÂIp-¶p. BZy-]Zyw an{Xsâ kz`mh-¯n\v ASn-h-c-bn- Sp-Ibpw an{X-i-_vZ-¯nsâ kJymÀY-¯n-t·Â ]Z-eoe \S-¯p-I-bpw sN¿p-¶p. kJy-§-fpsS tZh³, hnfn-¡- s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ, P\-§sf AWn-\n-c-¯p-Ibpw AXv {]Jym-]n-¡p-t¼mÄ P\-§Ä kwL-Sn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu kqàw \memw ]Zy-¯n Hcp kJy-¯nsâ P·w AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. AXv an{Xsâ P·w-X-s¶-bm-Wv. GXp-X-c-¯n-epÅ kJy-amWv P·-sa-Sp-¯-sX¶p kqàw ]d-bp-¶n-Ã. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fnÂ, ]t£, AXv bÚ-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ tZh-·mcpw a\p-jycpw X½n-epÅ kJy-am-sW¶p kqN-\-bp-v. Cu kJy-¯n a\p-jyÀ kvXpXn-I-fn-eq-Sbw lhn-Êp-I-fn-eq-sSbpw tZh-·msc iàn-s¸-Sp-¯pIbpw ]Icw tZh-·mÀ a\p-jysc A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p-sa¶p {]Xo-£n-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 1. ant{Xm P\m³ bmX-bXn {_phmtWm ant{Xm Zm[mc ]rYn-ho-apX Zymw an{Xx IrjvSo-c-\n-an-jm-`n- NjvtS an{Xmb lhyw LrX-h-Öp-tlmX {_phmWx an{Xx P\m³ bmX-bXn (kJy-§Ä) {]Jym-]n¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ, an{X³ P\-§sf AWn-\n-c -¯p-¶p. an{Xx ]rYnhow DX Zymw Zm[mc an{X³ `qan-sbbpw kzÀKs¯bpw DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p-¶p. an{Xx A\n-anjm IrjvSox A`n NjvtS an{X³ Ca- Nn-½m-sX cmjv{S-§sf \nco-£n-¡p-¶p. an{Xmb LrX-hZv lhyw PptlmX an{X\v s\bvlhnÊÀ¸n¨mepw! 2. {] k an{X aÀt¯m AkvXp {]b-kzm³ bkvX BZnXy in£Xn {htX\ \ l\ytX \ PobtX tXzmtXm ss\\w atlm Aivt\m-Xy-´ntXm \ ZqcmXv an{X tX {htX\ bx in£Xn an{Xm! \nsâ \nb-a-\p-kcn¨p bXv\n-¡p-¶ kx aÀ¯x {]b-kzm³ BZnXy {] AkvXp aÀ¯y³ kt´mj-{]-Z-amb lhn-Êp-I-fÀ¸n¨p-sImv, BZnXym! ap³]nem-h-s«. tXzmXx \ l\ytX \ PobtX \nsâ- k-lm-b¯m Ah³ sImÃ-s¸-Sp-Itbm Iog-S-¡-s¸-Sp-Itbm sN¿p¶n-Ã. A´nXx \ ZqcmZv G\w Awlx \ Aivt\mXn -ASp-¯p\nt¶m AI-e-¯p-\nt¶m Hcp hnj-ahpw Ah-\n -se-¯p-¶n-Ã. 3. A\-aohmk Cfbm aZt´m an{XÚthm hcn-a¶m ]rYnhymx BZn-Xyky {hX-ap-]-£n-bt´m hbw an{Xky kpaXu kyma A\-ao-hmkx Cfbm aZ´x tcmK-ap-à-cm-bn, ss\th-Zy¯n-eqsS DuÀP-kz-e-cm-bn-s¡mv, ]rYnhymx hcn-a³ anX-Úhx B `qan-bp-sS- hn-Im-k-¯n Dd-¸n¨ ImÂap-«p-I-tfmsS BZn-Xyky {hXw D]-£n-b´x BZn-Xy-sâ- \n-b-a-¯n Dd-¨p-\n-¶p-sImv hbw an{Xky kpaXu kyma R§Ä an{Xsâ \à B\pIq-ey-¯n-em-hs«! 4. Abw ant{Xm \akx kptithm cmPm kp£t{Xm AP-\njvS th[mx Xky hbw kpaXu bÚn-b-kymþ ]n `t{Z kua-\tk kyma Abw \akyx kptihx an{Xx Cu- BZ-c-Wo-b\pw hfsc Zb-bp-Å-h\pamb an-{X³ kp£{Xx cmPm th[mx AP-\njvS D¯-a-amb cm-Py-¯nsâ cmPm-hmbpw bÚ-hn-Z-Kv[-\mbpw P\n-¨p. hbw bÚn-bky Xky kpaXu R§Ä bÚmÀl-\mb Ahsâ \à B\p-Iq-ey-¯n-epw `t{Z kua-\tk A]n kyma {]k-¶-amb Zbm-hm-bv¸n-ep-amhs«! 5. alm-\m-ZntXym \a-tkm-]-ktZym bmX-b-Öt\m KrWtX kptihx Xkvam GXXv ]\y-X-amb PpjvSþ aáu an{Xmb lhn-cm- Pp-tlmX alm³ BZnXyx \akm D]-kZyx alm-\mb BZn-Xy³ BZc-thm-Sp-IqSn kao-]n-¡s¸tS-h\m-Wv. bmX-b-Ö\x KrWtX kptihx Ah³ P\-§sf AWn \n-c-¯p-¶-h\pw kvXpXn ]mSp-¶-h-t\mSv hfsc Zb-bpÅ-h-\p-am-Wv. ]\y-X-amb Xkvssa an{Xmb AXy-Ûp-X-I-c-\mb B an{X\v GXZv PpjvSw lhnx Aáu B PptlmX Cu kt´m-j-{]-Z-amb lhnÊv Aán-bn AÀ¸n-¨mepw! 6. an{Xky NÀj-Wo-[rtXmthm tZhky km\kn Zypav\w Nn{X-{i-h-kvXaw NÀjWn-[rXx an{Xky tZhky {]tXy-I-amb AXnÀ¯n-{]-tZ-i-§Ä t\m¡n-\-S-¯p¶ an{X-tZ-h-sâ- Ahx km\kn k-lmbw t\«w ssI-h-cp¯p-¶p. Zypav\w Nn{X-{i-h-kvX-aw - Ahsâ HuÖzeyw Gähpw tim`\-amb biÊp- t\Sn-¯-cp-¶p. 7. A`n tbm aln\m Znhw ant{Xm _`qh k{]Ymx A`n {ithm`nx ]rYnhow bx an{Xx aln\m Znhw A`n _`qh alm-\mb an{X³ aln-asImv kzÀK-s¯bpw k{]Ymx {ithm`nx ]rYnhow A`n IoÀ¯n-sImv `qan-sbbpw AXn-i-bn-¡p-¶p. 8. an{Xmb ]© tbantc P\m A`njvSnihtk k tZhm³ hnizm³ _n`À¯n A`n-jvSn-i-htk an{Xmb ]© P\mx tbantc B[n-]Xyw t\Sm-³ iàn-bpÅ an{X-t\mSv A©p P\-X -IÄ hg§n\n¡p-¶p. kx hnizm³ tZhm³ _n`À¯n Ah³ FÃm tZh-·m-scbpw [cn-¡p-¶p. 9. ant{Xm- tZ-th-jzm-bpjp P\mb hrà_Àlntj Cj CjvS-{hXm AIx an{Xx tZthjp Bbpjp hrà-_Àlntj an{X³ tZh·mÀ¡pw Bbp-¡Ä¡p-an-S-bn bÚ-hn-ip-² -ZÀ`-¸p hncn¨-h\v CjvS-{hXmx P\mb Cjx AIx Ahsâ A`n-e-j-Wo-bamb -\n-b-a-§Ä hln-¡p¶ `£-W§Ä krjvSn¡p¶p. aq¶mw aWvU-ew, Adp]s¯m¶mw kqàw hnizm-an{X KmYn\³ Ejn; 7 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v; DjÊv tZhX aq¶mw aWvU-e-¯n Dj-Ên\p kaÀ¸n-¨n-«pÅ Htc-sbmcp kqàw. CXv ]Xn-hp-{]-ta-b-§sf tbmPn-¸n- ¡p¶p: bph-Xn-bmb tZhn-bpsS kuµ-cyw, AhÄ¡p {]mXxkh-\hpw bÚm-ánbpambpÅ _Ôw, {]mXx- k-h-\-¯n Z£n-WI-fpsS hnX-c-Ww- sImv k¼-¶-km-[-\-§Ä \ÂIp-¶-h-sf¶ ]¦v F¶n-h. BZy-s¯- aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn Dj-Êns\ a[y-a]p-cp-j-\n t\cn«p kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. XpSÀ¶pÅ ]Zy-§-fn CXv {]Y-a-]p-cp-j-\n-te¡p amdp-¶p. Cu amäw bÚ-¯nsâ hfÀ¨-bpsS I®m-Sn-bmbn ImWm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv: BZyw Ihn DjÊns\ kvXpXnbn-epsS {]tem-`n-¸n¨p {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p; Xsâ At]-£-IÄ hnP-bn-¨-t¸mÄ, Ihn Xsâ {i² bÚ-¯n-te¡p Xncn-¡p-¶p. Ah-fpsS {]Xy-£-`m-h-am-Is« Ne-\m-ß-I-hp-am-bn. 1. Dtjm hmtP\ hmPn\n {]tNXmx kvtXmaw Ppjkz KrWtXm atLm\n ]pcmWo tZho bphXnx ]pc-Ônþ c\p {hXw Nckn hniz-hmtc hmtP\ hmPn\n atLm\n Djx k¼-¶-amb k½m-\t¯mSp-IqSn DZm-c-amb k½m\w \ÂIp¶ DjtÊ! {]tNXmx KrWXx kvtXmaw Ppjkz thÀXn-cn-¨dn-bp-¶hsf¶ \nebn Kmb-I-sâ- kvXpXn Bkz-Zn -¨mepw! tZhn ]pcmWo bphXnx ]pcÔnx tZho! ]t-bp-Å-h-sf-¦nepw bph-Xnbpw kar-²n-bp-w hniz-hmtc A\p {hXw Nckn FÃm Aaq-ey-§fpw ssIh-cp¯p¶-h-fp-amb \o \nsâ -\n-b-a-a-\p-k-cn¨p apt¶m«p t]mbmepw! 2. Dtjm tZhy-aÀ¯ym hn `mln N{µ-cYm kq\rXm Cuc-b´o B Xzm hl´p kpb-amtkm Aizm lnc-Wy-hÀWmw ]rYp-]m-Ptkm tb Djx tZhn AaÀ¯ym N{µ-cYm tZho DjtÊ! \o AaÀ¯ybmbn an¶n-¯n-f-§p¶ tXcn-tedn kq\rXmx Cuc-b´o hn `mln DZm-c-X-I-fp-bÀ¯n-s¡mv hnim-e-ambn {]Imiw sNmcn-ªmepw! kpb-amkx ]rYp-]m-Pkx tb Aizmx Ffp-¸-¯n \nb{´n¡m-hp¶Xpw hnim-e-amb ]ÅI-fp-Å-Xp - amb \nsâ IpXn-c-IÄ lnc-Wy-hÀWmw Xzm B hl´p kzÀW-hÀWbmb \ns¶ C-hn-tS¡p sImp-h-c-s«. 3. Djx {]XoNo `ph-\m\n hntizmÀþ [zm XnjvT-ky-ar-Xky tIXpx kam-\-aÀYw Nc-Wo-b-am\m N{I-anh \hykym hhrÕz Djx hnizm `ph-\m\n {]XoNo DjtÊ! FÃm Poh-Pm-e-§-sfbpw t\m¡n-s¡mv Aar-Xky tIXpx DuÀ[zm XnjvTkn AaÀ¯y-XbpsS Zo]kvXw-`w-t]mse \o \nhÀ¶p-\n-¡p¶p. kam\w AÀYw \hykn N{Iw Ch (ap³]s¯ DjÊp-Isf-t¸m-se) AtX e£y-¯n-te¡p IqSp-X ]pXnb N{I-s¯-t¸mse \o Nc-Wo-b-am\m B hhrÕz ChnsS kzbw DcppsImv ]ptcm-K-an-¨mepw! 4. Ah kyqtah Nn\zXo atLmþ \ypjm bmXn kzk-cky ]Xv\o- kzÀP-\´o kp`Km kpZwkm B´mZv Znhx ]{]Y B ]rYnhymx kyqa Ch Ah Nn\zXo ISn-ªm-Wp-IÄ Ab-¨p-hnSp¶hsf-t¸mse kzk-cky ]Xv\o atLm\o Djmx bmXn \à ta¨nÂØ-e¯n-sâ- A-[n-]-bpw DZm-c-bpamb DjÊv k© -cn-¡p-¶p. kzx P\-´o- kp-`Km kpZwkmx kqcys\ P\n-¸n-¨p-sImv kp`-Kbpw AÛp-X-iànbpÅhfp-amb AhÄ Znhx ]rYnhymx B A´mXv B ]{]tY kzÀK-¯nsâbpw `qan-bp-sSbpw Aäw-h-sc FÃm- h-gn-I-fnepw hym]n-¨p-\n¡p-¶p. 5. AÑm thm tZhoapjkw hn`mXow {] thm `c[zw \akm kphrànw DuÀ[zw a[p[m Znhn ]mtPm At{iXv {] tcmN\m cpcptN cWz-k-µrIv hx AÑ hn`mXow Djkw tZhow \n§Ä¡v hym]-I-ambn {]Imiw sNmcn-bp¶ tZhnbmb Dj-Ên\v hx kphrànw \akm {] `c-[zw \à Xncn-hpÅ \n§-fp-sS (kq-àw) kmZcw kaÀ¸n-¨mepw! -a-[p[m Znhn DuÀ[zw ]mPx At{iXv a[p sImp-h-cp-¶h³ kzÀK-¯n Dbsc Ahsf \bn-¡p¶ Aäw Xm-§n-\nÀ¯n. cWz-k-µrIv tcmN\m {] cpcptN B\-µ-]qÀW-amb `mhapÅ AhÄ an¶p¶ km{am-Py-§fnepS-\ofw an¶p¶p. 6. EXm-hco Znth AÀss¡-c-t_mþ [ym tchXo tcmZko Nn{X-a-ØmXv Bb-Xo-aá Djkw hn`mXow hma-tajn {ZhnWw `n£-amWx EX-hco Znhx AÀss¡x At_m[n kXy-]qÀWbmb kzÀK(]p{Xn) R§-fpsS kvXpXn-I-fm DWÀ¯ -s¸-Sp¶p. tchXo tcmZko Nn{Xw B AØmXv k¼-¶-bmb AhÄ cp temImÀ[-§-fn- DÖ-z-e-bmbn \n¶p. Atá hn`mXow BbXow Djkw Atá! hnim-e-ambn {]` hnX-dn-s¡mv AhÄ ChnsS hcp-¶ Dj-Ên -t\mSv hmaw {ZhnWw `n£-amWx Gjn Aaq-ey-amb k¼¯p bmNn¨psImv \o t]mIp¶p. 7. EXky _p[v\ Dj-km-an-jWy³ hrjm alo tcmZko B hnthi alo an{Xky hcp-Wky ambm Ntµ-h- `m\pw hnZt[ ]pcp{Xm EXky _p[vt\ Djkmw Cj-Wy³ kXy-¯nsâ ASn¯-d-bn Dj-Êp-I-fpsS (ss]-¡sf) sXfn-¨p -sImv hrjm alo tcmZko B hnthi Imf (kq-cy³) cp hen-b- tem-ImÀ[-§-fn {]th-in-¨p. alo an{Xky hcp-Wky ambm al-¯mWv an{X-sâbpw hcp-W-sâbpw amb N{µm Ch `m\pw ]pcp{Xm hn Zt[ an¶n-¯n-f-§p¶ (D-j-Êv) Xsâ {]Imiw ]c-¯-th, AXv ]e -Ø -e-§-fnepw hym]-I-ambn ]c-¡p-¶p. \memw aWvUew \memw aWvUew hmatZ-h-Ip-Spw-_-¯nsâ cN-\bm-Wv. BsI-bpÅ 58 kqà-§-fn hma-tZ-h(Ku- X-a)tâXmWv an¡-hm-dp-sa-Ãmw. Aán-bp-sSbpw (1þ15) C{µ-sâbpw (16-þ32) kqà-§-fpsS F®w GXmv kam-\-am-Wv. ]t£, C{µ-kq-à-§-fmWv IqSp-X {it²-bw. Cu aWvU-e-¯n-se -{]-ap-J-tZ-h³ C{µ-\- t{X. C{µ-kq-à-§Ä C{µsâ {]kn-²-amb P\-\w (4. 18), KÀ`-¯n-en-cn-t¡-¯-s¶ -A-h\pw A½-bp-w X½n \S-¡p¶ kw`m-j-Ww, an¡-hmdpw A{X-Xs¶ {]i-kvX-amb, tkmaw kzÀK-¯n A]-l-cWw \S-¯p-¶Xv hÀWn-¡p¶ tPmSn-kq-à-§Ä (4. 26-þ27), A{X-Xs¶ {]i-kvX-a-Ãm-¯-Xpw F¶m 4. 6, 24 F¶n-h-t]mse {i²mÀl-hp-amb kqà-§Ä F¶n-h-bpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. C{µ\pw hcp-W\pw X½n-epÅ kw`m-jWw (42), hcp-W\pw hmbphpw _rl-kv]-Xn-tbm-sSm¸w C{µ-\p-ambn \S-¯p¶ kw`m-j-Ww (41, 46-þ47, 49-þ50) F¶n-hbpw {][m-\-am-Ip-¶p. Aán-kq-à-§-fnse C{µ-þ-_r-l-kv]Xym-Jym-\-§-fn khn-ti-j-ambn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶Xv he-]p- cm-h-¯-a-t{X. Aán-kq-à-§-fn Ihn-X-bpsS Ic-Iu-i-e-¯n tI{µo-I-cn-¡p¶ \nKq-Vm-ß-I-amb 4. 5 BWv {it²bw. \memw aWvU-ew E`p-¡Ä¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« A©p kqà-§Ä DÄs¡mÅp-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯n Cu tZh-·m-sc-¸-än-bpÅ Ømbnbpw Ah-cpsS bmÚn-Ihpw ]pcm-hr-¯-]-c-hp-amb kz`mhw auen-I- ambn A\m-h-cWw sN¿p-¶-Xp-amb hnh-cWw Chbnem-Wp-Å-Xv. ]t£, aäv A{]-[m-\-tZ-h-·m-sc-¡p-dn- ¨pÅ kqà-§Ä ChnsS CsÃ-¶p-Xs¶ ]d-bmw. AXn-i-b-\o-b-amb ]´-b-¡p-Xn-c-bmb Z[n-{Im-hn-s\-¡p-dn¨v aq¶p kqà-§Ä (38-þ40) ImWmw. 57, 58 F¶o A´n-a-kq-à-§Ä EtKz-Z-¯n¯s¶ AZzn-Xo-b-a-t{X. Irjn-tZ-h-X-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨p-Å-XmWv BZy- t¯-Xv. I¶p-Im-en-h-fÀ¯-en\p {]m[m\yw sImSp-¡p¶ Hcp ]pkvX-I-¯n Irjn-sb-¸-än-bpÅ Cu {]Xn-]m-Z\w {it²-b-amb Hcp hyXn-bm\amWv. cm-a-t¯Xv sh® F¶ bÚ-lhn-Êns\-¸änbmIp- ¶p. tkma-s¯-¸-än- F®-aä ]cm-aÀi-§-fp-Å-t¸mÄ, CXn-s\-¸än Cu Ht¶ EtKz-Z-¯n-ep-Åq. \memw aWvU-e-¯nse ZoÀLhpw k¦oÀW-hp-amb H¶mw kqàw he-]p-cm-hr-¯-¯nsâ {][m-\-amb Hcp hnh-cWw \ÂIp-¶p: XS-hn-en« ]ip-¡-fp-sS-Kpl Xpd¡epw ]ip-¡fpsS tamN-\hpw. Cu ]pcm-hr-¯- ¯nse \mb-I³ km[m-c-W-ambn C{µ-\m-sW-¦nepw Ah³ thjw amdn-t¸mepw kqà-¯n {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶n- Ã. ]I-cw, Cu AÛp-X-Ir-Xy-¯n Ahs\ ]Xn-hmbn klm-bn-¡p¶ kwL-am-Wv, AwKn-c-Ê-p-I-fm-Wv, Ah- cpsS t]cpw ]cm-aÀin-¨n-«n-sÃ-¦n-epw, FÃm- sa-¨hpw t\Sp-¶-Xv. C{µs\ ]cm-aÀin-¡m-¯Xv CXv C{µ-kq-à-a-Ãm- ¯-XpsIm-m-bn-cn-¡mw. CXv -Aán-kq-à-am-WtÃm. he-]p-cm-hr¯w Aán-kq-à-¯n DNn-X-am-bsX§-s\- sb-¶Xv Iptd-¡qSn hen-sbmcp {]iv\-am-Wv. AXn\p adp-]Sn cp tZh-·mÀ¡pw Dj-Êp-ambn _Ô-ap-s-¶p- Å-X-t{X. ISpwNph-¸pÅ hesâ ]ip-¡Ä Dj-Êp-I-fp-ambn km[m-cW XmZmßyw Iev]n-¡-s¸-Sm-dp-v. bÚm- án-bm-Is« Dj-Ên-emWv Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸-Sm-dp-Å-Xpw. XoÀ¨-bmbpw he-]p-cm-hr¯w Ah-X-cn¸n-¨n-«p-ÅXv Aán- bpsS BZn-a- P·-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp-¯n-bmWv (11). (t]cp ]d-bm-¯) AwKn-c-Êp-IÄ Ah-sâ P\n-Xm-¡-fmbn Iev]n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p (12). Hcp-]-t£, ""Imf-bpsS Iq«n-Â'' {`qW-cq-]-¯n-epÅ Aánsb, hesâ ]ip-¡-sf- sb¶-t]m-se, kzX-{´-am-¡p-¶Xv Ah-cm-Wv (11-þ12). bÚm-án-bpsS P·hpw he-]p-cm-hr-¯hpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw Hcp C{µ-kq-à-amb 3. 31-þepw \mw Ip. Ahn-sSbpw DjÊnsâ a[y-Ø-Xbn-em-Wv. he-]p-cm-hr¯w ]Zy-§-fn \nKq-V-am-¡n-sh-¨n-«p-ÅXv A[n-Ihpw Aán-kq-à-§-fn-em-Wv. BZy-s¯- A©p ]Zy-§Ä Aánsb t\cn«p kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ Aánsb BZy-ambn {]Xn-jvTn-¨Xpw AXnsâ Dt±-iyhpw Ahs\ HmÀan-¸n-¡p-¶p (1). ASp¯ \mep ]Zy-§-fn Aán¡p hcp-W-\p-am-bpÅ ASp¸w aÀ¯y-cpsS Imcy-§-fn B tZh\v CS-s]-S-¯-¡-h®w D]-tbm-Kn-¡-W-sa¶p t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶pÅ \mep ]Zy-§-fn Ahsâ C¶s¯ ØnXn-bn tI{µo-I-cn-¨p-sIm-v {]Ya-]p-cp-j-\n-epÅ Aán-kvXp-Xn. 10-þ12 ]Zy-§-fn he-I-Y-bn-te- ¡pÅ Xncn-¨p-h-c-hv. hmkvX-h-¯nÂ, 13-þ17 ]Zy-§-fmWv he-]p-cm-hr-¯-¯n-sâ- lr-Z-bw. 19-þ20 ]Zy-§-fn Aán- kvXpXn kw{K-ln-¡p-¶p. cmw kqàw ap³kq-à-¯nsâ hmN-I-ssi-en-bpÄs¸sS ]e khn-j-X-Ifpw ]¦n-Sp¶p. 4. 1 t]mse CXpw a\p-jycpw tZh-·mcpw X½n-epÅ bÚ-hn-\n-a-b-¯nse a[y-Ø-s\¶ \ne-bn Aánsb {]Xn-jvTn-¡p- ¶-tXmsS XpS-§p-¶p. CXv C{µ-\n-Ãm-¯ kw£n-]vX-amsbmcp he-]p-cm-hr-¯hpw DÄs¡m-Åp¶p (15-þ17). b- Ú-¯nsâ \n[ntb-´p¶ ]ip-s¯m-gp¯v Iog-S-¡p¶ C¶s¯ Ihn-I-tfmSv AwKn-c-Êp-Isf Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp- ¯p-¶p-apv. ]t£, BZy-]-Zy-¯n Adn-bn¡p¶ ZqX-s\-¶ Aán-bpsS -]¦v GXm\pw ]Zy-§-fn hn]p- e\w sN¿p¶p (2-þ4). bP-am-\-·mÀ Aán¡p \ÂIp¶ [mcmfw bÚ-tk-h-\-§Ä kqàw khn-kvXcw hnh- cn-¡p¶p (6-þ10, 13-þ14). A§s\ sN¿p-¶-hcpw AÃm¯hcpw X½n thÀXn-cn-¨-dn-b-W-sa¶v Aánsb Adn-bn- ¡p-¶p-apv (11-þ12). Ah-km-\s¯ cp- ]-Zy-§-fn (19-þ20) bP-am-\-·mÀ A\p-jvTn-¡p¶ Aáym-cm-[\ kw{K- ln-¡p-¶p. he-]p-cm-hr¯w D]-kw-l-cn-¡p¶Xmbn tXm¶n-¡p¶ CS-bnse 18-þmw ]Zyw th{X hyà-aÃ. aq¶mw kqà-¯nsâ Ah-km-\s¯ (16) ]Zy-¯n Xm³ D]-tZ-i-§fpw \nKq-V-X-Ifpw cl-ky-]-Z-§fpw Ihn-Xbpw Aán-¡p-thn DÄs¡m-Ån-¨n-«p-s¶v Ihn Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. CXv aäp kqà-§-fnepw {]kàamWv. CXv XpS-§p-¶Xv Hcp-hn[w EPp-hm-bm-Wv. Aán-k-qà-§fpsS ]e-t¸m-gp-apÅ coXnb-\p-k-cn¨v bÚm-án-Pze\- t¯msS (1þ3) kqàw XpS-§p-¶p. ]t£, \memw ]Zy-t¯m-SpIqSn Ihnbpw Aánbpw X½n-epÅ _Ô-¯n XI-cmdp kw`-hn-¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. ASp¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ8) D¡-WvTm-Ip-e-amb tNmZy-§-fpÄs¡m- Åp-¶p. X§-sf-¸än ]e tZh-·m-tcmSpw Aán ]d-bm³ t]mIp-¶-sX-´mWv? Cu tNmZy-§Ä bÚ-am-XrI Dm-¡p¶ Ahy-àX {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶p. a\p-jy-À¡pw -tZ-h-·mÀ¡pan-S-bn-epÅ bÚ-a-[y-Ø-\mWv Aán. AXp-sIm-v, HcÀY-¯n Aán-bn-eqsS Acn-¨pIn-«p-¶-XmWv tZh-·mÀ¡v a\p-jy-cpsS \nth-Z-\-§Ä. hnizkvX\- Ãm¯ km£n-bm-W-h-s\¶v X§Ä Bi-¦n-¡p-¶p. 13-þ14 ]Zy-§-fn D¡WvT Xncn-¨p-h-cp¶p þ hnti-jn¨v BZy-t¯-XnÂ. AhnsS, Aán Xsâ _Ôp-¡-fp-sSbpw ]cn-N-b-¡m-cp-sSbpw IÀa-§Ä¡v Xs¶ in£n-¡tam F¶mWv Ihn thh-em-Xn-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. CS-bn-epÅ \mep ]Zy-§Ä (9-þ12) he-tâXpÄs¸-sS-bpÅ ]p-cm- hr¯§sfbpw Aán-sbbpw bÚ-s¯bpw _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A\p-{I-a-Wnbk-cn¨v ct£mlmán-bmWv \memw kqà-¯nsâ tZh-X. c£-Êp-I-sf- \-in-¸n-¡p-¶-h³ F¶ÀYw. CXv i_-fm-`-amb i{Xp-]-cm-e-¦m-c-I-ev]-\m-{]-[m-\-amb BZys¯ A©p ]Zy-§Ä¡v XnI¨pw DNn-X- am-Wv. F¶m Bdmw ]Zyw apX (6þ10) Aán-bpsS Bcm-[-IÀ¡pÅ t\«-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p¶p. 8þ9 ]Zy-§- fnse hàm-¡Ä kzbw Aáym-cm-[-I-sc¶p hnti-jn-¸n-¡p-¶-h-c-t{X. 11-þmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn ]c-¼-cm-K-X-ambn Imhym-\p-{K-l-ap-Å-h-\mWv Xms\¶v Bß-{]-iwk sN¿p-¶p. AXpXs¶ {it²-b-\m-¡p-Ibpw Aán-bpsS B\p-Iqeyw t\Sn-s¡m-Sp-¡p-Ibpw IqSn sN¿p-sa¶pw Ah-Im-i-hmZw apg-¡p-¶p. -A-Ñ-\mb tKmX-a\mWv Xsâ Ihn-Xm-ssh-Z-Kv[y-¯nsâ t{kmX-sÊ-¶m-W-t±lw ]d-bp-¶-Xv. sFXn-ly-I-hn-I-fmb AwKn-c-Êp-I-fpsS ]mc-¼-cyhpw `wKy-´-tcW Cu Ihn Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sp-¶p. 12-þ15 ]Zy-§Ä Aán-bpsS A\p-{K-lw- tX-Sn-s¡m-p- Å-h-bm-Ip-¶p. A´n-a-]-Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[¯n c£-Êp-IÄ Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. hnjaw ]nSn-¨Xpw \nKq-VX \nd-ª-Xp-amb A©mw kqàw. CXnsâ hnjbw Imhymß-I-amb- hm¡pw Hfn-ªp-In-S-¡p¶ AÀY-§-fpw cl-kym-ß-I-X-I-fp-am-b-Xp-sImv CXv AÛp-X-ap-f-hm-¡p-¶n-Ã. kqà-¯nsâ cq]hpw {]ta-bs¯ {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ AS-bm-f-]Zamb ""]Zw'' Bdp XhW hcp¶p (3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12). ]mX/ImÂsh¸v F¶pw ]Zw (hm-¡v) F¶pw AÀY-apÅ B ]Z-¯n-sâ- tÇ-j-km-[yX kqà-¯n kmÀh-{Xn-I-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. EtKz-Z-I-hn-IÄ kz´w Ic-hn-cp-Xn-s\-¸än ]d-bp-t¼mÄ ]Xn-hp-Å- t]m-se, Cu Ihnbpw Xsâ Imhy-{]-tNm-Z-\-s¯-¸än AÛp-X-s¸-Sp-Ibpw aäp Ihn-I-fpsS sshZ-Kv[y-§-sf-¡p- dn¨p thh-em-Xn-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. efn-X-a-\p-jy-s\-¦nepw (2, 6) Aán-bnÂ\n¶p kqà-ZÀi\w t\Snb Ihn Xsâ Imhym-\p-{K-l-¯nsâ t{kmXÊv Aán-bm-sW¶p Icp-Xp-¶p (2, 3, 12). Xosc hr¯n-sI-«-h¶pw Imhym-\p-{K-l-ap--hm-sa¶ hkvXpX Ihnsb Ipg-bv¡p¶p (4-þ5). ]t£, Ihn [mÀan-I-ambn cmPn¡p k¶-²- \-Ãm-¯-Xp-sImv Aán Xs¶ hnP-b-¯n-se-¯n¡pw (6). 14-þmw ]Zy-¯n hopw Ihn Cu hnjb¯nte¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cp-t¼mÄ, At±lw Ah-cpsS hmk-\sb iIm-cn-¡p-I-Xs¶ sN¿p-¶p. ap³kq-à-¯n-sâ-b{X k¦oÀW-aà Bdm-a-t¯-Xmb Cu Aán-kq-àw. ]t£, cmw `mK-¯n Nne ]Zy-§Ä (7, 8, 10) A¯-c-¯n s]Sp-¶-h-bp-v. kqàw XnI¨pw bÚ-tI-{µn-X-amWv; hnti-jn¨v BZys¯ `mKw (1-þ5). bq]w (3), Aán-{]-Z-£n-Ww (3þ5) F¶n-h-bpsS ]cm-aÀiw ]ip-b-Ú-amWv {]ta- b-sa¶p ImWn-¡p-¶p. cmw `mK-¯nsâ hnjbw A{X-Xs¶ hyà-a-Ã. bÚ-]-cm-aÀi-§Ä IrXy-a- sÃ-¶p-am-{X-a-Ã, Imhy-]-c-ambn IqSp-X \nKq-Vm-ß-I-hp-am-Wv. {]`m-X-¯nse Aán-Pz-e-\w, AánP\-\w, Pzme-I-fn-te-¡pÅ hfÀ¨ þ Ch-bpsS hnh-c-Wta DÅq F¶p hcmw. Ggmw ]Zy-¯n-sâ- ]qÀhmÀ[w Gähpw hnjaw ]nSn-¨-X-t{X. Ggmw kqàw aq¶p hnhn-[-hr-¯-§-fn-epÅ ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xm-sW-¦nepw CXv Hcp GI-I- amtb Dt±-in-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅq F¶p hyà-am-Wv. ]Xn-hp-t]mse \ne-hn-epÅ bÚm-án-{]-Xn-jvT-tbm-sS-bmWv kqàm- cw-`w. 1þ5 ]Zy-§-fn {]Xn]m-Zn-¡-s¸« BZnam-án-{]-Xn-jvT-bpsS ]Ým-¯-e-¯n-em-Wn-Xv. 6þ7 ]Zy-§Ä `n¶-hr- ¯-\n-_-²-am-sW-¦nepw Aán-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ cl-ky-§fmWv tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xv. Aán-bpsS {]Ir-Xs¯ kw_- Ôn¨ sshcp-[y-§-fpsS ]c-¼c Bdmw ]Zy-¯n A\m-h-cWw sN¿p-¶p. bÚ-L-S-I-§Ä IS-¦-Ym-cq-]- ¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡p-I-bmWv Ggmw ]Zyw. ]n¶oSv kqàw kzÀK-¯n\pw `qan-¡p-an-S-bn ZqX-s\¶ \ne-bn-epÅ AánbpsS ]¦v hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-te¡p (8, 9, 11) Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. CXv BZyw aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p.- ap³ kqà-¯nse hmN-I-ssi-en-Ifpw {]ta-bhpw F«mw kqà¯n-ep-v. hnti-jn-¨v, ZqX-s\¶ \ne-bn- epÅ Aán-bpsS ]¦v. ]t£, CXv AXns\ At]-£n¨v hfsc Ipd-¨p-am{Xw k¦oÀW-X-bp-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. bÚ- tk-h-\-¯n\p ]I-c-ambn Aán-tbmSv kar-²-ambn km[-\-§Ä thW-sa¶ A`yÀY-\bpw {]mÀY-\-Ifpw CXn- ep-ÅXpw HmÀ¡mw. 2. 1, 2. 11 F¶o kqà-§-sf-t¸m-se, H³]-Xm-as¯ Cu eLp-kqàw Aánsb hnhn-[-]p-tcm-ln-X- ·m-cp-ambn At`Zw Iev]n-¨p-sImv Ah-sâ- b-Ú-¯nse ]¦p-IÄ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, Ah cn-s\- bp-a-t]-£n¨v CXv hfsc efn-Xhpw Gsd EPp-hp-am-Wv. ]utcm-ln-Xy-]-Z-hn-I-fpsS {Iaw 2. 1þ-D-ambn ASp¸w ImWn-¡p-¶p. k¦oÀW-X-bn-Ãm¯ Cu ]¯mw kqàw Ct¸mį-s¶ -bÚw Xp-S-§p¶Xns\-¸-änbpw {]kvXp-X- bÚw hnP-bn-¡-W-sa¶ Ihn-bpsS {]Xo-£sb¸-änbpw ]d-ªp-sImv XpS-§p-¶p. XpSÀ¶v Aán- bpsS bÚ-]-¦m-fn-¯s¯bpw Ahsâ DÖz-e-amb {]Xy-£-`m-h-s¯bpw Ah³ aÀ¯y-cmb Xsâ Bcm-[- Isc kwc-£n-¡p-¶-Xn-s\bpw kvXpXn-¡p-Ibpw tZh-·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Snb \à ]¦m-fn-¯-¯n\pÅ {]mÀY-\-tbm-sS Ah-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. H¸w, bÚm-án-bq-sS- a[y-Ø-X-bn tZh-·mcpw a\p-jycpw X½nepÅ ZrV- _-Ô-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ià-amb {]kvXm-h-\bpw ImWmw. 11þm-as¯ Cu {lkz-kqàw hÀW-hn-\ym-k-]-chpw cq]-]-c-hp-amb eoe \ndª Hcp ]Zy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn XpS- §p-¶p. a[y-¯nse cp ]Zy-§Ä (3-þ4) Ggp XhW ""XzXv'' (\n-¶nÂ\n-¶v)- F¶ ]Zw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. A©mw ]Zyw ""Xzmw'' (\n-s¶) F¶p hn`-àn-am-ä-t¯msS {]tbm-Kn-¨p-sImv AX-h-km-\n-¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu ]Zyhpw tZh-·mcpw a\p-jy\pw X½n-epÅ FXnÀ¸p-IÄ ImWn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-]Zyw {]mkm-e-¦r-X-a-t{X. kqàw Aánsb `uXn-I-km-[-\-§-fp-sSbpw (3-þ4) Imhy-{]-tNm-Z-\-¯n-sâbpw (2-þ3) t{kmX-Êmbn Iev]n-¡p-¶p. ]pdsa efn-X-sa¶p tXm¶n-¡p¶ Cu kqàw Imhy-{]-tNm-Z-\-sa¶ cm-as¯ A\p-{Klw \à Imcy-§Ä¡v D]-tbm- Kn-¡-W-sa-¶m-h-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p. 12-þmw kqà-¯nsâ BZy-]-IpXn (1-þ3) Aán `à-\mb bP-am-\\p \ÂIp¶ {]Xn-^-e-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. cmw ]IpXn (4-þ6) XnI¨pw hyXy-kvX-amWv: sNbvXp-t]mb thÀXn-cn-¨p-]-d-bm-\m-hm¯ sXäpIfnÂ\n¶p X§sf tamNn-¸n-¡-W-sa¶ Aán-tbm-SpÅ At]-£-bm-Wv. Aán-bmWv t\cn«p kwt_m-[\ sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶-sX- ¦nepw kzcw hyà-ambpw BZn-Xy-·m-tcm-Sm-Wv. hmkvX-h-¯n A´n-a-]Zyw (6) Aán-¡p-]p-d-sa, _lp-h-N-\- ¯n-epÅ kwt_m-[-\-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv (""bP{Xmx hkhx'' þ bÚmÀl-cmb \Ã-htc!). Hcp BZn-Xy-kq- à¯n (10. 26. 8) CXv IrXy-ambn D²-cn-¨n-«p-apv. A\p-{I-aWnb\p-k-cn¨v 13-þmw kqàw Aán-bp-sStbm ]e tZh-X-I-fp-Stbm t]cn kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. A§-s\- bmWv s]mXpsh ]d-ª-t]m-cp-¶-Xpw. bYmÀY-¯n Cu kqàw Dj-Ên\p tNÀ¶Xm-Wv. H¸w, C¶p-h-sc- bpÅ tZh-X-I-sf-sbms¡ ]cm-aÀin-¨n-«p-apv þ Dj-Êv, Aizn-IÄ, khn-Xm-hv, {]tXy-In¨v kqcy³ F¶n-h-sc. Dj-Ên\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« ASp¯ kqàw CXnsâ tPmSn-bpam-Wv. Ahn-sSbpw A§s\ ]d-ªn-«nà (A-án-kq- àw-X-s¶-bm-W-Xpw). Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (3-þ5) {it²-b-am-Wv. 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fn Ccp-«n-\p-ta shfn- ¨-¯n-sâ- hn-Pbw hÀW-i-_-f-ambn hnh-cn-¡p¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n kqcy-s\-¡p-dn-¨p-sÅmcp Dulm-ß-I- tNmZyw D¶-bn-¡p¶p þAXv F´p-sIm-mWv BIm-i-¯nÂ\n¶p hogm-¯Xv? 4. 13 t]mse 14-þDw Djx-kq-à-amWv; AXnt\mS-Sp-¸-apÅ tPmSn-bpw. {][m-\-tZ-h-X-IÄ cnepw Hcpt]m- se¯s¶. {Iahpw GXm--§-s\-¯-s¶: Aán, Dj-Êv, Aizn-IÄ, khn-Xm-hv, kqcy³. A´n-a-]Zyw H¶p-X-s¶. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Aán Dj-Êp-I-sfbpw Aizn-I-sf(\m-k-Xy-·m-sc)bpw bÚ-¯n-te¡p £Wn-¡p-¶p. cn Zo]-kvXw`w sI«p-Ibpw kqcy³ DZn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 3þ4 ]Zy-§Ä Aev]w hyXn-N-en-¡p-¶p. \memw -a-WvU-e-¯nse Aán-hr-¯-¯nse Cu A´n-a-kqàw (15) ]¯p ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. AXn-sâ- ssZÀLyw {lkz-kq-à-§-fpÅ C¡q«¯nse {Iaw sXän-¡p-¶p-v. AXn-sâ- B-´-c-L-S\ XnI¨pw hyà-a-Ã. BZy-s¯ -aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä Aán¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« XrN-am-sW¶pw AXp-sImv Hcp kzX-{´-kq-à-sa¶ \ne-bn Aán-kq-à-¯n DÄs¸-Sp-¯n-bXv DNnX-am-sW¶pw ]d-bmw. ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§fpw (4-þ6) AXp-t]mse Aán-¡pÅ XrN-hpw DNn-X-Øm-\¯v hn\y-kvX-hp-am-Wv. ]t£, krRvPb ssZh-hm-Xsâ ]cm-aÀiw Ah-km-\-s¯- \mep ]Zy-§Ä (7-þ10) tkmaI kml-tZ-h-¶pÅ Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bm-sW¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p.- tkm-a-I-sâ- A-Ñ\mb kl-tZ-h-³ krRvP-b-\m-sW¶p sFX- tc-b-{_m-Ò-W-¯n (7. 34) ]d-bp-¶p-v. BZy-s¯- XrNw (aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä) arK-b-Ú-§-fpsS khnti- j-X-bmb Aán-bpsS bÚ-{]-Z-£n-Ws¯¡pdn-¨m-Wv. cm-as¯ XrNw, {]tXy-In¨v AXnse cmw (5), B{Im-a-I-amb Aánsb kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶-Xpw hoc-\m-sbmcp aÀ¯y-\p-am-{Xta A¯-c-sam-c- ánsb \nb-{´n-¡m³ Ignbq F¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-a-t{X. \memw ]Zy-¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp¶ krRvPb ssZh-hm-X³ A§-s\-sbmcp aÀ¯y-s\¶p kqN-\. CXv 7þ10 ]Zy-§-fnse Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bn-te- ¡pÅ amä-am-Ip-¶p. AhnsS krRvP-bIp-Sp-_-¯nse cmP-Ip-am-c-\m-WtÃm c£n-Xm-hv. Ihn kml-tZ-hy- Ip-am-cs\ X\n¡v cp IpXn-c-Isf \ÂIn-b-Xn (I-fn-bm-bn) {]iw-kn-¡p-¶p. Ipam-c\v ZoÀLm-bpÊp \ÂIm³ Aizn-I-tfmSp {]mÀYn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. hma-tZ-hsâ C{µ-hr-¯-¯nse Cu BZy-kqàw (16) ]pcm-hr-¯-h-kvXp-X-I-fm k¼-¶-am-Ip--¶p. X§-fpsS tkma-b-Ú-¯n-te¡p hcp¶ C{µsâ bm{Xm-]-c-amb cp ]Zy-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn CXm-cw-`n-¡p- ¶p. ]t£, cmw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯nepw aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[-¯n-ep-ambn kqà- ¯n ]n¶oSp hcp¶ sFXn-ly-{]-kn-²\pw Ejn-I-hn-bp-amb Imhy Di-\Êv t]À ]d-bmsX ]tcm-£- ambn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. 3þ8 ]Zy-§-f-S-§p¶ cmw JWvU-¯n he-þ-hr-{X-]p-cm-hr-¯-§Ä CS-I- eÀ¶p hcp-¶p. JWvU-¯nsâ BZy-`m-K¯v Ah-bnse an¡-hmdpw Hcp IYm-]m-{X¯nsâbpw t]sc-Sp- ¯p-]-dbp-¶n-Ã. AXp-sImv Ah-bpsS GXp hymJym\hpw t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (7, 8), Ggn hr{X-sâbpw F«n kc-a F¶ \mb-bp-sSbpw he-]p-cm-hr-¯-¯n C{µsâ kJm-¡-fmb AwKn-c-Êp-I-fp-sSbpw t]cv ]d-ªp-sIm-v, cp ]pcm-hr-¯-§-sfbpw hyà- ambn thÀXn-cn-¡p-¶p. 9þ14 ]Zy-§Ä IpÕ-s\¶ hoc\pw Ihn Imhy Di-\Êpw C{µ-\p-apÄs¡m-Åp¶ IYsb kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶p. Imhy Di-\-Ênsâ t]cv ap³]v ]d-ªn-«p-s-¦nepw ChnsS ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶n- Ã. ]t£, Di-\-ÊpÄs¡m-Åp¶ ]cm-aÀi-§Ä IqSp-X-embn ImWmw. C{µ\pw IpÕ\pw klm-b-¯n- \mbn Ihn-bpsS ho«n sNÃp-¶Xpw (11) At±lw klm-bn-¡p-¶Xpw (B klmbw Di-\Êv C{µ\p h{Pw sImSp-¡p¶ cq]-¯n-em-sW¶p aän-S-§-fnse ]cm-aÀi-§-fnÂ\n¶p a\-Ên-em-hpw). C{µ\pw IpÕ\pw Imgv¨-bn Hcp-t]m-se-bm-Wv (10). Hcp kv{Xo AhÀ X-½n-epÅ hyXykw ]d-bp- ¶p-v. C{µsâ XpS-bnÂ\n-¶mWv IpÕ³ Dm-b-sX¶pw AXn-\m AhÀ Hcp-t]m-se-bm-sW¶pw ssPan-\o-b-{_m-Ò-W-¯nse (3. 199-þ200) Hcp IY-bn kqN-\-bp-v. IpÕ³ C{µ-]-Xv\n-bp-ambn ssewKn- I-th-gv¨-bn-teÀs¸-«p-sImv Cu kmcq]yw apX-se-Sp-¡p-¶Xpw ImWmw. Cu s]cp-am-ä-Zqjy-kq-N\ EtKz- Z¯n-en-Ã. C{µ\pw IpÕ\pw Hcp-an¨v i{Xp-¡sf \in-¸n-¡pIbpw kqcysâ N{Iw hen-¨p-Io-dpIbpw sN¿p¶p (12, 13). kqà-¯nsâ Ah-in-jvS-`mKw (15-þ19) C{µ-t\mSv aÕ-c-¯nepw bp²-§-fnepw klm-bhpw aäp ]mcn- tXm-jn-I-§fpw thW-sa¶ A`yÀY-\-I-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (20-þ21) D]-kw- lm-c-cq-]-¯n-ep-Å-h-bt{X. 17-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv ""Xzw alm-\n{µ (C{µm! \o alm-\m-Wv)'' F¶ {]Jym-]-\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm- Wv. HcÀY-¯nÂ, Cu {]kvXm-h-\-bpsS hn]p-e-\-amWv kqà-am-sI. kqà-¯nsâ BZy-JWvUw (1-þ8) C{µsâ `qX-Im-e-Ir-Xy-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. hr{X-h-[hpw AXnsâ {]m]-©n-I-{]-Xym-Lm-X-§-fpw-Xs¶ {][m-\w. Cu JWvU-¯nsâ D]-kw-lm-c-]Zyw (8) AXn-\p-tijw C{µs\ \½psS {i²m-]m-{X-am-¡nb khn-ti-j-X-IÄ Npcp¡n-¸-d-bp-¶p. 9þ13 ]Zy-§Ä i{Xp-¡sf Iog-¡m\pw k½m-\-§Ä t\-Sm\pw C{µsâ Ign-hp-Isf ka-Im-e-{]-kàn-tbmsS hmgv¯p-¶p. XpSÀ¶pÅ cp ]Zy-§-fn (14-þ15) GX-i-]p-cm-hr- ¯-¯nsâ XnI¨pw Ahy-à-am-sbmcp {lkz-Nn{Xw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-`m-Ks¯ A©p ]Zy- §Ä (16-þ20) C{µ-sâ -sIm-Å-ap-X-enepw klm-b-¯n-ep-apÅ {]Xo-£m-{]I-S-\-apÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Ah-\p- am-bpÅ kvt\l-_Ôw \ne-\n¡-W-sa¶ B{Klw hnti-jn¨v {i²n-¡-¯-¡-Xm-Wv. Ahn-S-hnsS ]e {]ta-b-§fpw s]m§n-h-cp-¶p-v. C{µ³ ""aLhm''\mbn DS-\ofw (7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 20) hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. DZm- c³, c£n-Xmhv F¶n-§s\ AÀY-§Ä. km[-\-§Ä¡pw klm-b-§Ä¡p-apÅ {]Xo-£-Ifpw \njvIÀjbpw Ah-km-\-JWvUwhsc ]pd-¯p-h-cp-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw Cu hnti-j-W-¯nsâ _mlpeyw AXv an¡-hmdpw BZyta kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. C{µsâ P\-\hpw AÑ-\m-sc-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Ahy-à-Xbpw {it²-b-a-t{X (2, 4, 7, 12). kzÀK-amWv AÑ-s\¶v \memw ]Zy-¯n ""]cn-K-Wn-¡p-¶p.'' GXmWv ""\à Ic-Iu-i-e-hn-ZKv[''s\¶pw hyà-a-Ã. `mKn-I-ambn kw`m-j-W-cq-]-¯n-Å Cu kqàw (18) {]kn-²hpw \nKq-V-kz-`m-h-ap-Å-Xp-am-Wv. CXv C{µsâ AÛp-X-I-chpw Akzm-`m-hn-I-hp-amb P\-\s¯ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. C{µsâ-A-½bpw At¸mgpw P\n- ¨n-«nÃm¯ C{µ\pw X½n-epÅ Bi-b-hn-\n-a-b-a-S-§p¶ cp ]Zy-§-tfmsS kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. kzm`m-hn-I-co-Xn-bn-epÅ {]k-h-¯n\v AhÄ Ahs\ t{]cn-¸n-¡m³ {ian-¡p-¶p. ]t£, hniz-{]-i-kvX- cmb ]e hoc-·m-sc-bpw-t]m-se, ]Xn-hp-co-Xn-bn-e-Ãm¯ {]k-h-¯n\v Ah-³ A½tbmSv \njvIÀjn-¡p- ¶p. C{µ³ Xsâ- a-l-¯mb hn[n-sb-¡p-dn¨v t_m[-hm-\m-bn-cp-¶p (2). KÀ`w Ak-[m-c-W-amw-hn[w \ofpIbpw (4) P\-\-¯n-\p-tijw Xsâ kz´w hgn tXSn s]mIp-¶-Xn\v Ahs\ Dt]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p (3, 4, 8, 10). ]t£ AhÄ Ahs\ Hfn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw (5) Ahsâ hn[n-sb- ¸än thh-em-Xn-s¸-Sp-Ibpw (11) sN¿p-¶p. temI-¯nse ]e hoc-·m-sc-bpw-t]m-se, C{µ³ ]qÀW-ambn hfÀ¶p P\n-¡p-I-bpw- a-l-¯mb hoc-IÀa-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡p-Ibpw (5) sN¿p-¶p. AXp-sImv Ah\v A½-bpsS c£Ww Bh-iy-an-Ãm-Xm-bn. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ah³ Xs¶ -D-t]-£n-¨p-t]mb A½sb ]n´p-S-cp-Ibpw B bm{X XzjvSm-hnsâ ho«n Ah-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ahn-S-sh¨v Ah³ XzjvSm-hnsâ tkmaw IpSn-¡p-¶p. C{µsâ AÑ-\mWv XzjvSm-sh¶v aäp Nnte-S¯v ]cm-aÀi-ap-v. C{µ³ XzjvSm-hns\ Iog-S-¡p-¶-Xmbpw kqàm-´y-¯n kqN-\-bpv. kqà-¯nsâ a[y-`m-K¯v (6-þ9) shÅ- ¯nsâ hnhn-[-i-_vZ-§fpw kw`m-j-W-¯n IS-¶p-h-cp-¶p-v. Cu shÅ-§Ä Zbm-ep-¡-fmb aäp t]mä-½-am-cm-hmw (7-þ8). kqà-¯n-sâ -A-´n-a-`m-K-¯pÅ ]Zy-§Ä, ap³]p-Å-h-bp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp- ¯p-t¼mÄ, IqSp-X Ipg¸w ]nSn-¨--h-bm-Wv. P\-\hpw XpSÀ¶pÅ Imcy-§fpw ChnsS hopw hcp-¶p. Ah-km-\w-hsc 19-þmw kqàw an¡-hmdpw apgp-h³ hr{X-h-[-¯nepw {]tXy-In¨v AXn-\p-tijw \S¶ shÅw Xpd-¶p-hn-S-enepw tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. BZy-s¯ -cp ]Zy-§-fn tZh-·mcpw temImÀ[- §fpw Cu IrXy-¯n-\p-thn C{µs\ hcn-¡p-Ibpw Ah³ cmPXzw kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. A©mw ]Zyw apX IrXy-ambn h[hpw shÅs¯ kzX-{´-am-¡m³ ]Àh-X-§sf ]nfÀ¡p-¶Xpw shÅ-hp- ambn _Ô-s¸« aäp IrXy-§fpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. XpÀho-Xn¡pw h¿\pw thn Hgp¡p \nÀ¯n-¡p- ¶Xv 6þepw Ah \nd-bv¡p-¶Xv 7þepw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. hr{X-]p-cm-hr-¯-¯nse apJy-h-kvXp-X-IÄ kaÀY-ambn kw{K-ln-¡p¶ kqà-¯nse Cu {][m-\-`mKw F«mw ]Zy-t¯msS Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. 9þmw ]Zy-¯n C{µsâ al-¯mb hoc-IÀa-§-fn aqs¶®w \nb-X-{I-a-¯n H¶n¨p]\y-kn-¡p-¶p: Ah³ Hc-hn-hm-ln-X-bpsS ]cn-Xy-à-]p-{Xs\ c£n-¡p¶p; Ipcp-Ss\ ImWm-dm-¡p¶p; apS-´s\ \S-¯n-¡p-¶p. Ch-tbm-tcm-¶n\pw Akm-[m-[m-c-W-amb sshNn{Xyw hcp-¯n-bn-«p-s-¶p-am-{Xw. Ip«nsb s]®p-dp-¼p- IÄ Acn-¨n-cn¡p¶p; Ipcp-S³ ]m¼ns\ FSp-¯n-«pv; apS-´sâ ""]m{Xw'' s]m«n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ]¯pw ]Xn-s\m¶pw kw{K-l-cq-]-¯n-epÅ D]-kw-lm-c-]-Zy-§-f-t{X. £W/bm{Xm-kq-à-¯nsâ s]mXp-coXn 20-þmw kqà¯n ]n´p-SÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. X-§-fpsS bÚ¯nte-¡pÅ C{µ-sâ- bm{X BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ cp ]Zy- §Ä bÚ-¯nse C{µsâ km¶n-[yhpw lhy-kzo-I-c-Whpw hcp-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n £Ww. kqà-¯nsâ aäp `mK-§-fn C{µ³ ]I-c-ambn kvtXmXm-¡Ä¡pw Bcm-[-IÀ¡pw DZm-c-ambn kw`m- h\ sN¿p-¶-Xp hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 21-þmw kqà-¯nsâ 1, 3 ]Zy-§Ä ap³kq-à-¯nsâ XpS-¡s¯ HmÀan-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw Fhn-sS-\n-¶m- bmepw C{µ³ X-§-fpsS bÚ-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡-W-sa¶p £Wn-¡p-¶XpamIp-¶p. Cu kqàw C{µ- s\ -t\sc hmgv¯p-¶-Xm-sW¶ hmKvZm-\-hp-ap-v. R§-fpsS kvXpXnbpw lhn-cÀ¸-Whpw C{µsâ km[-\-§fpw klm-bhpw {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. ]t£, kqàw hn`n-¶hpw AKm-[-hp-amb Ipg-¸w-]n-Sn¨ Hcp Zni-bn-te¡p amdp-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-amWv AXnsâ Xncn-¡p-än. C{µ\Ã, Aán-bmWv ChnsS tlmXm- hv. ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (6-þ8) hmN-I-ssi-en-bnepw hmIy-hn-\ym-k-co-Xn-bnepw cq]-]-c-amb Imcy-§- fnepw aäpw {]tXy-I-X-bp-Å-h-bm-Wv. ]te-S¯pw Ahy-àX \nd-ªp-\n¡p-¶p. hnjbw bÚm-án-Pz- e-\-¯n-te¡p IS-¡p-¶p. CSbv¡p he]pcm-hr-¯hpw hcp-¶p-v. C{µ-kq-à-¯n he-]p-cm-hr¯w Aán-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸«p IS-¶p-h-cnI hma-tZ-h-c-N-\-bpsS s]mXp-kz-`m-h-am-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n tZh-·mÀ bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcp-¶-Xns\ AwKn-c-Êp-IÄ he-Kp-l-bn-te¡p t]mIp-¶-Xn-t\mSp Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. F¦nepw cp kwL-¯n-sâbpw t]cp-IÄ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶n-Ã. Aán-]p- tcm-ln-X-·m-cpsS cl-ky-Øm-\-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv CXp-ambn _Ô-ap-Å-Xm-bn-cn-¡mw. F«mw ]Zy-¯n he-Kp-lm-t`-Z\w kphy-à-am-¡p-¶-Xmbn ImWmw. A§-s\- 9þmw ]Zyw C-{µs\ DZm-c-a-Xn-bmb ZmXm- hnsâ ]pcm-hr-¯-am-Xr-I-bmbn hÀWn-¨-tijw AtX C{µ³ bÚ-¯n hcm-¯Xnsâ t]cn iImcw hm§n-¡q-«p-¶p. 10-þmw ]Zyw km[-\-§Ä¡pw klm-b-¯n-\pw-th-n-bpÅ At]-£bpw Ah-km-\-]Zyw hma-tZ-h-kq-à-§-fpsS ]Xn-hp-]-Ã-hnbpa-t{X. 22-þmw kqàw C{µsâ bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ hchpw AXnse km¶n[yhpsa¶ cq]-tc-J-bv¡-I¯v C{µ-sâ -a-l-¯mb IÀa-§sf, hnti-jn¨v Ah A\p-jvTn-¡p-¶-Xnse B{I-a-W-kz--`m-h-s¯, hnh-cn-¡p- ¶p. C{µ³ bÚ-¯n sNt¿-p¶ LS-I-§-fpsS Hcp eLp-hn-h-cWw kqàm-cw-`-¯n (1) \ÂIp- ¶p. C{µsâ A\n-b-{´n-X-amb iàn-bn-te¡pw Ah³ {]]-©-¯nÂ\n¶v B `b-¦-cXbv¡p {]tNmZ\w t\Sp-¶-Xn-te¡pw hr{X-h-[m-\-´cw shÅs¯ Xpd¶p-hn-SpI F¶ Ahsâ G-ähpw al-¯mb IÀa- ¯n-te¡pw AXv \bn-¡p¶p (2-þ7). F«mw ]Zyw Ct¸mÄ \S-¡p¶ R§-fpsS bÚ-¯n C{µ³ k¶n-ln-X-\m-hp-sa¶ {]Xo-£m-{]-I-S-\amWv. 9þ10 C{µ\nÂ\n¶p X§Ä thW-sa-¶m-{K-ln-¡p¶ hnhn-[- Im-cy-§Ä BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. C{µ-hr-¯-¯nse hma-tZ-h-]-Ã-hn-tbmsS (11) kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. 23-þmw kqà¯nsâ apJy-k-hn-ti-jX AXnse BZys¯ Bdp ]Zy-§-fn {][m-\-ambn {]Xy-£- s¸-Sp¶ tNmZy-]-c-¼-c-bm-Wv. GXp bP-am-\-·mÀ¡mWv C{µs\ BIÀjn-¡m\pw {]km-Zn-¸n-¡m\pw Ign- ªn-«p-ÅXv? Bcv FhnsS bÚw sN¿p-¶p-sh¶v C{µ³ F§-s\-bmWv Adn-bp-¶Xv? Bcv GXp-]m-bw- sImv C{µsâ sImÅ-ap-Xepw kJyhpw kzoI-cn-¡p¶p? þ F¶n-§s\ C{µ\pw bP-am-\-\pw- X-½n- epÅ _Ôs¯¸än-bmWv Cu FÃm tNmZy-§-fpw. {]mY-an-Ihpw Ahy-à-hp-amb D¯cw \memw ]Zy- ¯n sImSp-¯n-«pv: ""tZthm `ph-¶-thZm a EXm\mw'' (tZ-h³ Fsâ kXy-§-Ä a\-Ên-em-¡pw). AXm-b-Xv, C{µ³ bÚ-¯n hcn-Ibpw Xsâ sImÅ-ap-X ]¦p-sh-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-sa¶v Dd¸p hcp- ¯p-¶-h-bmWv Fsâ kvXpXn-Ifpw ]hn-{X-a-{´-§-fpw. Cu D¯cw kqà-¯nsâ Ah-km-\-]-Zy-§-fn hn]p-eo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu tNmZy-]-Zy-§-fpsS {it²-b-amb khn-ti-jX CXmWv: C{µsâ km¶n-[y-s¯- ¡p-dn¨pw X\n¡v C{µ-\p-am-bpÅ kJy-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw Ihn D¡-WvT-s¸-Sp-¶p-s-¦nepw FÃm-bv-t¸mgpw tZh\pw Gsd-¡psd FÃm-bvt¸mgpw Ihnbpw bP-am-\-·m-cpw -{]-Y-a-]p-cp-j-\n-emWv ]cm-aÀin¡-s¸Sp- ¶Xv F¶-Xm-Wv. Cu {]Y-a-]p-cp-j-{]-tbm-Kw-sIm-pÅ C{µsâ AI¨ Ahsâ AkvXn-Xz-s¯-¸-än, Npcp-§n-b-]£w Poh-N-cn-{X-hn-i-Zmw-i-§-sf-¸-än, kw-ibw \ne-\n¡p-¶p-s¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Ihn¡v, Xm\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse C{µ-\p-ambn hyàn-]-c-ambn _Ôw ]peÀ¯m³ Ign-ªn-«n-sÃ-¶ÀYw. 8þ10 ]Zy-§-fnse hni-Z-amb D¯-c-¯n-te-¡pÅ amäw Ggmw ]Zy-¯n ImWmw. 24þmw kqà-¯nse \osmcp `mKw (1-þ7) aÕ-cn-¡p¶ hn`m-K-§Ä C{µs\ klm-b-¯n\p hnfn- ¡p-¶Xpw bÚ-l-hn-Êp-I-fpw kvXpXn-Ifpw AÀ¸n-¡p¶Xpw hÀW-i-_-f-amb `mj-bn hnh-cn-¡p- ¶Xt{X. 3-þ5 ]Zy-§Ä aÀ¯y-cmb {]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-fpsS ss\cm-iy-]qÀh-amb bXv\-§Ä X§-fpsS hi- ¯p-\n¶v C{µsâ Icp¯n\mkv]-Z-amb IÀa-§Ä ]«n-I-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn {]tXyIw tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. hnP-bn-I-fmb At]-£-IÀ AÀ¸n-¡p¶ lhn-Êp-IÄ tkma-¯n\p ]pdsa ]ptcm-fm-ihpw DÄs¡m-Åp- ¶p-sh¶p hyà-amWv (5, 7). hma-tZ-h-]-Ã-hn-sbm-gn¨v Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (8-þ10) kqà- ¯nsâ BZy-`m-K-¯n\p ]n¶n-epÅ aÀ¯ym-aÀ¯y-·mÀ X½n-epÅ hne-t]-i s]mXp-hn hnh-cn-¡p- ¶p. C{µsâ klm-b-¯n-\p-th-n-bpÅ B hne-t]-i {Ibhn-{I-b-§-fnse em`-\-jvS-§-fn-te¡p shfn¨w hoip-¶p. Zm\-kvXp-Xn-b-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]cm-aÀihpw C{µ-]-Xv\n-bpsS CS-s]-Sepw kqàs¯ {it²-b-am- ¡p-¶p. 4. 23 t]mse 25-þmw kqàhpw H¶mw `mK-¯n tNmZy-§fpw cmw `mK-¯n D¯-c-§fpw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xm-Wv. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä bP-am-\-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ tNmZy-§-fm-Wv. aäp ]Zy-§Ä (4- þ7) an¡Xpw bP-am-\\p e`n-¡p¶ t\«-§-fpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. F«mw ]Zyw C{µs\ hnfn- ¡p-¶-h-cpsS ka-{K-am-sbmcp ]«nI \nc-¯p-¶p. aÀ¯y\v C{µ-\p-am-bpÅ _Ô-§Ä Fs´m-s¡-sb¶ hnh-c-W-amWv Cu kqà-¯nsâ apJy-k-hn-ti-j-X. kJyw (1, 2, 6, 7), Iq«p-sI«v (2), kmtlm-Zcyw (2), kulrZw (6), _ÔpXzw (6) F¶n-h-bm-W-h. ASp¯ cp kqà-§Ä (26-þ27) kzÀK-¯nÂ\n-¶pÅ {]kn-²-amb tkmam-]-l-cWw {]Xn-]m-Zn- ¡p-¶p. AhnsS tkmaw Irim\p F¶ As¼-bv¯-Im-c-sâ- Im-h-en kpc-£n-X-ambn kq£n-¨p-sh-¨n- cn¡-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Irim\p As¼-bvXp-sh-¦nepw ]cp´v AXv cl-ky-ambn I«p-sIm-p-t]m-¶p. ]£n¡v Hcp Xqhte t]mbpÅq F¶p ]e {_mÒ-W§fpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. BZys¯ bP-am-\-\m-b- a\p- X\n¡p e`y-am-b tkmaw bÚ-¯n C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¨p. AXp IpSn-¨mWv C{µ³ al-¯mb hoc-IÀa-§Ä sNbvX-Xv. cp kqà-§-fn-em-Zy-t¯Xp apgp-h³ C{µsâ hm¡p-I-fn-emWv Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. C{µsâ Bß-kvXp-Xn-tbm-sS-bmWv (1-þ3) AXp XpS-§p-¶-Xv. \memw ]Zyw C{µ³ acp-¯p-¡-tfmSp ]d- bp-¶-Xm-Wv. tkma-l-c-W-hn-{I-a-¯nsâ t]cn Ah³ ]cp-´ns\ ]pI-gv-¯n-¸-d-bp-¶p. 5þ7 ]Zy-§Ä CXp- Xs¶ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 7þsâ D¯-cmÀ[w ]pc-Ôn(k-ar-²n)sb ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. tkma-t¯m-sSm¸w kar- ²nbpw kzÀK-¯nÂ\n¶v A]-l-cn-¡-s¸-«-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. tkmam-]-l-c-W-kq-à-§-fn cm-a-t¯-Xv. CXv tkma-¯nsâ ho£-W-¯n-eqsS Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡- s¸-Sp-¶p. CXn tkmasâ Bß-kvXp-Xnbpw DÄs¸-Sp-¶p. Ah³ Xsâ Úm\w (1 ]qÀhmÀ[w), iàn (2 ]qÀhmÀ[w) F¶nh hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ]cp´pw c£-I\pw s]s«¶v KÀ`-¯n {]Xy-£-am-Ip-¶Xmbn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. k¦oÀW-ambn Ah³ c£-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw Ah-À ]n¶oSp kar-²n-tbm-Sp-IqSn thÀs]-Sp- ¶Xpw Dd-¸n-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (3-þ4), tkma-¯nsâ c£n-Xmhpw Imh¡m-c-\p-amb Irim\p tkmaw I«p-sIm-p- ]d¶pt]m-Ip¶ ]cp-´n-\p-t\sc As¼-¿p-¶psh-¦nepw Hcp XqhÂam-{Xta Ab- bv¡m³ Ign-ªpÅq F¶ Imcyhpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-]-Zyw -C-{µ³, Ct¸mÄ ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ bÚ-¯n- X¿m-dm-¡p¶ tkmaw IpSn-¡m³ t]mIp-¶Xv- Nn{Xo-Icn-¡p-¶p. tkmam-]-l-c-W-¯n\pw C{µ\v bÚ-¯n tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-I-Ibpw lhn-ÊÀ¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p- ¶-Xn\pw \o¡n-sh¨ Ignª cp kqà-§Ä¡p-tijw 28-þm-as¯ kqàw tkmaw BÀPn-¨-t¸mÄ C{µ\p \S-¯m³ Ignª al-¯mb bp²-Ir-Xy-§-sf hmgv¯n-s¡mv Ah-bpsS ^e-§Ä Im«p-¶p. IÀa-§-fpsS \nÀh-l-W-¯n C{µ-t\m-sSm¸w kam-\-]-¦m-fn-bmbn tkma³/w Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp- ¶p. shÅs¯ kzX-{´-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th-n-bpÅ hr{X-h-[w (1), ipjvW-h[w ]tcm-£-ambn kqNn-¸n- ¨p-sImv kqcy-N{Iw Iod (2), `qan-bnse i{Xp-¡-fp-sS \mi-\w (3-þ4), he-Kp-lm-t`-Z\w (5) F¶n- §s\ B hoc-Ir-Xy-§Ä ]cn-Nn-X-§ÄX-s¶-bm-Wv. 29-þm-a-t¯Xv EPp-hmb Hcp bm{Xm-þ-£-W-kq-àw. C{µs\ X§-fpsS bÚ-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡m³ £Wn-¡p-Ibpw {]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-fmb kh-\-IÀ¯m-¡sf Ah-K-Wn-¨p-sImv X§-tfm-sSm¸w tkmaw IpSn-¡pIbpw ]Xn-hp-t]mse klm-bhpw k¼¯pw \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿-W-sa-¶v Ah-t\mS-t]-£n-¡p- Ibpw sN¿p¶p. XrN-§-fmbn kwL-Sn-¸n-¡-s¸« ap¸-Xm-as¯ ZoÀL-amb kqàw C{µsâ ]c-tam-¶Xiàn-bpsS kvXpXn-(1-þ3)tbmsS XpS-§p-Ibpw AXnsâ kw{K-l(22-þ23)-t¯msS Ah-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 24 Hcp s]mXp-tZ-h-kvXp-Xn-cq]-¯n-epÅ ]X-¡at{X. CS-bn C{µsâ {]kn-²hpw A{X-Xs¶ {]kn-²-a- Ãm-¯-Xp-amb ho-c-Ir-Xy-§-fpsS ]«n-I. Gähpw {]i-kvX-amb hr{X-h-[hpw he-Kp-lm-t`-Z-\hpw Hgn-hm- ¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p (hr-{X-l³ F¶ {]tbmKw H¶n-e-[nIw ]Zy-§-fn-ep-s-¦n-epw). kqcy-N-{I-l-c-Whpw (4- þ6) Dj-Ênsâ hn XIÀ¯-Xp-(8-þ11)amWv Gsd- hn-i-Z-ambn hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. C{µ³ X§Ä¡p X¶ klm-bw, AXnsâ sshhn-[y-§Ä þ CXmWv 31-þmw kqà-¯nsâ apJy-hn- j-bw. CXv Cu hnj-b-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Hcp tNmZy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-Ibpw ]n¶oSv {]I-c-W-¯n-te¡p IS-¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p (3, 10, 12, 13). C{µsâ klmbw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\v Ahsâ km¶n[yw Bh-iy- am-I-bm CXpw bm{Xm-þ-£-W-kq-à-am-bmWv cq]-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. cmw ]Zyw GXp tkma-]m-\o-b-amWv C{µ\v Gähpw lrZysa¶p tNmZn-¡p-¶p. {]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-fmb kh-\-¡mÀ Ahs\ BIÀjn-t¨-¡p-sa¶ Bi-¦-bmWv Cu tNmZy-¯n\p ]n¶nÂ. Cu thh-em-Xn-bmWv cmw XrN-¯n (4þ6) Bhn-jvI-cn-¡-s¸- «n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ASp¯ XrN-¯n (7-þ9)-Ihn CXp-d-¸n-¡p-¶p. C{µ³ Xnc-¡p-]n-Sn-¨-h-\m-sW-¦nepw DZm-c- \mIbm CXn\p apS¡w hcp-¯p-I-bn-Ã. 4þ9 ]Zy-§-fnÂ\n¶p hncp-²-ambn Ah-km-\s¯ cp XrN- §Ä (10-þ15)- Xm-c-X-tay\ EPp-hm-Wv. C{µsâ kI-e-hn-[-¯n-epÅ klm-bhpw {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶-tXm- sSm¸w tZh-·mÀ¡n-S-bn {]kn-²n, kzÀK-t¯-¡mÄ {]kn-²n, e`n-¡-W-sa¶ B{Kl-t¯m-Sp-IqSn kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p (15). \memw aWvU-e-¯nse C{µ-hr-¯-¯nse HSp-hn-e-s¯ (32) -ZoÀL-kq-àw, Cu hr¯-¯nse ap³kq- à-§-fnÂ\n¶p hncp-²-ambn XnI¨pw EPp-hmb `qcn-]£w ]Zy-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv. Ihn C{µs\ klm-bhpw Zm\-§-fp-ambn X§-fpsS ASp-t¯¡p hcm³ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw Ah-sâ- a-l-¯mb IÀa- §sf kvXpXn¡m-sa¶pw lhn-Êp-I-fÀ¸n-¡m-sa¶pw hmKvZm\w \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ A´y-`m-K¯v Zm\-§Ä¡p-th-n-bpÅ A`yÀY-\-IÄ (17-þ19) C¶n-¶-sX¶v FSp¯p ]d-bp-¶XmWv. Cu ]Zy-§Ä¡v (17-þ21), C-{µs\ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-h-bm-sW-¦n-epw, Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bpsS Omb-bp-v. Ah-km-\s¯ XrNw (22-þ24) bYmÀY-amb Zm\-kvXp-Xn-X-s¶. ap³]-Zy-§-fnse C{µ-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kvXpXn hyà-ambpw a\p-jy-\mb c£n-Xm-hns\¸än-bp-Å-Xnsâ amXr-Ibm-sW-¦n-epw. 33þm-a-t¯Xv Gähpw ck-I-c-amb E`p-kq-à-§-fn-sem-¶pw E`p-¡sf hnhcn-¡p-¶-Xn Gähpw {]m[m-\y-aÀln-¡p-¶-Xp-amb kqà-am-Wv. E`p-¡Ä tZh-·m-cm-sW-¦nepw ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cp-am-Ip-¶p. kqà- ¯nse A[n-I-`m-Khpw bÚm-\p-jvTm-Xm-¡-sf¶ \nebv¡v X§Ä _Ô-s¸-Sp¶ XrXo-b-k-h-\-¯nse (11) Ah-cpsS IÀa-§-sf-bmWv ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu bÚ-{]-hÀ¯\w Nne-t¸mÄ {]Xy-£-ambpw (2, 3, 9) ]e-t¸mgpw, ]t£, ]pcm-h-¯m-Jym-\-coXn ]nSn¨pw {]I-Sn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. E`p-¡Ä tkm-aw X¿m-dm- ¡pIbpw AYhm Hcp-]t£ XrXo-b-k-h-\-ap-m-¡pI-t]mepw sNbvX-Xp-sIm-mWv ""Aar-XXzw t\Sn'' tZh-·m-cmb-Xv. \memw ]Zy-¯n BhÀ¯n-¨pImWp¶ ""sImÃ''s¯ hni-Zo-I-cn-¡msX hn«n-cn-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ6) XrXo-b-k-h-\-hn-h-c-W-am-Wv. C{µ\pw aq¶v E`p-¡-fp-amWv AXn tkmaw kzoI- cn-¡p-¶-Xv. XzjvSm-hp-m-¡nb H¶nÂ\n¶p E`p-¡Ä \nÀan-¡p¶ \mep tkma-a-cn-I-IÄ A§s\ Cu \mep tkma-kzo-IÀ¯m-¡sf {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶p. Ggmw tÇmI-¯n AtKm-ly-s\-¡p-dn¨v ]cm- aÀin-¡p-¶pv. aäv E`p-kq-à-§-fnepw Cu IY ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw AtX-¸än IqSp-X hni-Zo-I-cWw e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Chn-sS, Hcp-th-f, AXn-cm-{XkqN-\-bp-m-hmw. ]n¶o-SpÅ ]e ]Zy-§fpw hymJym-\-ssh- j-ay-ap-f-hm-¡p-¶-h-bm-Ip-¶p. Cu kqàw E`p-¡fpw C{µ\pw bÚ-§sf {]Xn-^ew \ÂInbpw A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯nbpw t{]mÕm- ln-¸n-¡Wsa¶ A`yÀY-\-bp-sS-ta sI«n-¸-S-¯-Xm-Wv. \n[n \ÂI-W-sa¶ At]-£-kq-à-]-Zy-§-fpsS kmam-\y-amb A\vÀ[m-c-b-t{X. a\p-jy-cm-bn-cp¶ E`p-¡Ä Ct¸mÄ tZh-·m-cm-sW¶pw AhÀ¡v bÚ- §-fn Zm\-§Ä \ÂIm³ {]m]vXn-bp-s-¶p-apÅ kqN-\bpw kqà-¯n ImWmw. tkmaw \ÂIp¶ ]ptcm-ln-X-·mcpw kzoI-cn-¡p¶ tZh-·m-W-h-sc¶v aq¶mw ]Zyw hyà-am-¡p-¶p. E`p-¡Ä t]cp ]d- -bm¯ cmPm-¡-·m-tcm-sSm¸w tkmaw kzoI-cn-¡m³ hc-W-sa¶ At]£ ]Xn-t\m¶mw ]Zy-¯n-ep- ÅXpw kvacn-¡mw. AXm-bXv E`p-¡Ä a\p-jycpw H¸w tZh-·m-cp-am-Ip-¶p. ]t£, Ah-cpsS tZh-Xz-¯n- \mWv Ihn Du¶Â \ÂIp-¶-Xv. BZy-s¯bpw Ah-km-\-`m-K-s¯bpw ]Zy-§Ä CXv hyà-am-¡p-¶p. Ah-cpsS C{µ-am-bpÅ _Ôw Ah-cpsS Hu¶-Xy-¯n\p sXfn-hm-Wv. kqàm-cw-`-¯n E`, hn`zm-hv, hmP³ F¶m aq¶v E`p-¡-fpsS t]cp-IÄ FSp¯p]d-bp-¶p-v. Chsc H¶n-¨mWv E`p-¡-sf¶p ]d-bp- ¶-Xv. hn`p-¡-sf¶pw ImWp-¶p. ""ku[-\z\mx'' (kp-[-\zm-hn-sâ- a-¡-tf) F¶v AÑsâ t]cv kqNn-¸n-¡p¶ kwt_m-[-\-bpÄs¡m- Åp-¶-XmWv 35-þmw kqà¯nse BZy-]Zyw. CXv E`p-¡-fpsS P\-\¯n-te¡v shfn¨w hoin-s¡mv Ah-cpsS auen-I-amb a\p-jy-Xz-¯n-te¡p hnc Nqp-¶p. ]t£, X§-fpsS bÚ-]-c-amb {]hÀ¯- \w-sImv AhÀ ""Aar-X-]-Y-¯n-te¡pw tZh-kw-L-¯n-te¡pw'' F¯n (3). kqàm-´y-`m-K¯v F«mw ]Zy-¯nepw Ihn Cu {]ta-b-¯n-te¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p-v. A´n-a-]Zyw Ahsc tZh-·m-cmb E`p-¡- sf¶ \ne-bn XrXo-b-k-h-\-¯n tkmaw kzoI-cn-¡m³ £Wn-¡p-¶p. CS-bn-epÅ ]Zy-§-fn E`p- ¡-fpsS al-¯mb IÀa-§Ä ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (5). ChnsS Ihn-bpsS tI{µ_nµp AhÀ Hcp- tkmaa- cnI \mem-¡n-b-Xnsâ hnh-cWamWv (2þ4). Cu kqà-a-\p-k-cn¨v am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n C{µ³ am{X-amWv tkma-kzo-IÀ¯m-hv. ]t£, sshIp-t¶cw C{µ\pw aq¶v E`p-¡fpw kzoIÀ¯m-¡-fm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p (7). A§s\ am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n C{µ³ kzoI-cn-¡p¶ Hcp tkma-a-cnI am{X-ap-m-bn-cp-¶Xv sshIp-t¶- c-am-b-t¸m-g-t¯¡pw C{µ\pw aq¶v E`p-¡Ä¡p-apÅ \mse-®-ambn amdn. E`p-¡Ä¡p-thn XrXo-b- k-h\w ]pXp-Xmbn krjvSn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. 36-þmw kqà-¯nsâ BZy-`mKw E`p-¡-fpsS ZnhyXz ""{]Jym-]\''¯nte¡pw Ah-cpsS IÀa-§-fn- te¡pw (1, 3, 5) cmw `mKw AhÀ ssIh-cp-¯p¶ ]ptcm-K-Xn-bn-te¡w Xncn-bp-¶p. H¶m-as¯ ]Zyw kqà-¯nsâ tI{µ-{]-ta-b-§Ä hyà-am-¡p-¶p. \t`m-a-WvUe-¯n-eqsS Dcp-fp¶ aq¶p N{I-§-fpÅ tXcv Aán-{X-b-t¯m-Sp-Iq-SnbtXm aq¶p kh-\-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-btXm Bb bÚamhm³ km-[y-X-bp-v. bÚ-IÀa-§-fn-eq-sS-bmWv X§Ä ZnhyXzw {]m]n-¨-sX-¶-Xp-sImv E`p-¡Ä¡v bÚw hfsc {][m- \-am-Wv. Znhy-cm-bn-cp-¶p-sIm-p-Xs¶ AhÀ bÚ-IÀa-§Ä ]n´p-S-cp-¶p. cmw ]Zyw hopw Ah- cpsS hnin-jvS-amb tXcns\ þ X§-fp-sS- DÄ¡m-gv¨-bn-eqsS E`p-¡Ä \nÀh-ln¨ hnin-jvS-amb bÚ- s¯ þ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. B bÚ-¯n-eq-sS-bmWv X§Ä kzÀK-¯n-se-¯n-b-sX-¶-Xn-\m -A-hÀ Ct¸mÄ XrXo-b-k-h-\-¯n tkmaw kzoIcn-¡p-¶p (2 D¯-cmÀ[w). 3þ4 ]Zy-§Ä E`p-¡-fpsS {]kn-²-amb aq¶p IÀa-§Ä A\p-kva-cn-¡p-¶p: AhÀ AÑ-\-½-amÀ¡v hopw buh\w \ÂIn; XrXo-b-k-h-\¯n AÀ¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-thn tkma-a-cnI H¶nÂ\n¶p \mem¡n; AhÀ tXmenÂ\n¶p ]ipsh Dm-¡n. Cu tXm tkma-c-k-ap-m-¡m³ CSn-¡p¶ tkma-e-X-bpsS Xm-hmw. {]mXx-k-h-\-¯nepw am[y-µn-\- k-h-\-¯nepw tkma-ckw Duän-sb-Sp¯ tkma-eX XrXo-b-k-h-\-¯n hopw ]ngn-bp-I-bm-Wv. ]gb tkma-¯-nÂ\n¶v ]ns¶bpw ckw Duäp-¶-Xn-\m E`p-¡Ä ]ip-NÀa-¯nÂ\n¶v ]ip-sh-\nÀan-¡p- ¶p-sh¶pw ]ip-hnsâ ]mÂX-s¶-bmWv tkma-sa¶pw Iev]n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.kqà-¯nsâ cmw ]IpXnbn (5-þ9) Ihn E`p-¡Ä ssIh-cp-¯p¶ {]Xn-^-e-§Ä {][m-\-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n-em- WnXp hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. E`p-¡Ä klm-bn-¡p-¶-hÀ ""hnim-e-amb AXn-cp-I-fp-Å-h-''c-t{X. E`p-¡Ä P\- §Ä¡v k¼¯pw (5, 6, 8)- ho-cyhpw (8) IoÀ¯nbpw (5, 9) \ÂIp-¶p. AhÀ A\-´-c-X-e-ap-d-Isfbpw (9) Zm\w sN¿p-¶p. hr¯t`Z-a-\p-k-cn¨v cp `mK-§-fmWv 37-þmw kqà-¯n-\p-ÅXv: {XnjvSp-¸n-epÅ BZy-]-IpXn(1- þ4)bpw A\p-jvSp-¸n-epÅ cmw ]Ip-Xnbpw (5-þ8). CXv kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv au-en-I-ambn CXv cp kqà- §-fm-hm-sa-¶m-sW¦nepw cp `mK-§fpw {]ta-b-]-c-amb sFIyw ImWn-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯n-emsI Ahy- à-am-bpw- hy-à-ambpw ImWp-¶ _nw_-I-ev]\ IpXn-c-bp-tS-Xm-Wv. IpXncbpsS AÀY-sas´¶ Imcy- ¯n A`n-{]m-b-t`-Z-§-fp-m-hm-sa-¦n-epw. H¶mw ]Zyw IpXn-csb ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶n-Ã-. AXv E`p-¡sf Ah-cpsS tXcp-I-fp-ambn bÚ-¯n-te¡p £Wn-¡p-¶p. IpXnc E`p-¡sf hln-¡p-¶p-sh¶p kqN-\. \memw ]Zy-¯n ""]oh -Aizx'' (XSn-¨- Ip-Xnc) F¶p-s-¦nepw E`p-¡Ä¡pÅ sh®-l-hn-Êp-I-fm-sW- ¶mWv hymJym-\n-¨-Xv. AtX ]Zy-¯nse ""ipN-{ZYmx'' ({]-Im-i-am-\-amb tXcp-IÄ) bÚm-án-I-sfbmhmw Dt±-in-¡p-¶-Xv. AtX ]Zy-¯n E`p-¡-sf-¯s¶ k½m-\-tP-Xm-¡-fmb IpXn-c-I-sf¶p kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n IpXn-c-I-fpsS kwL-sa¶v Ahsc hnfn-¡p-¶p. AXn¯-s¶- A-h-cn-sem- cm-sf-¦nepw IpXn-c-¡m-c-s\¶pw hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n bP-am-\sâ IpXnc (CXv kqàw-X- s¶-bm-hmw) Ahs\ hnP-bn-bm-¡p¶ ]S-¡p-Xn-c-bm-sW¶p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km\w F«mw ]Zy- ¯n E`p-¡Ä ssIh-cp-¯p¶ k¼¯v IpXn-c-bm-sW¶ k¦-ev]\w ImWmw. Cu kqà-¯nse ]e kwt_m-[-\m-]-Z-§fpw AÀY-hy-àn-bn-Ãm-¯-h-bm-bn-t¯m-¶p-¶p. hmP-·mcpw E`p-£m-¡-fp-sa¶v E`p- -¡sf kmÀh-{Xn-I-ambn kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-Xm-bn-¡m-Wmw. ""hmP-·mÀ'' aq¶v E`p-¡-sfbpw (E- `p-¡Ä, hmP-·mÀ, hn`zm-¡Ä) ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. ""E`p-£m-''hn\v ""E`p-¡-fpsS A[n-]Xn''sb¶ÀYw. AXv C{µ-\m-Wv. ]t£, AXv Hcp E`p-hnsâ t]cp-am-Wv þ ""E`p''hnsâ. ""E`p-£m-¡Ä'' hopw aq¶v E`p- ¡ÄXs¶! A©mw ]Zy-¯n E`p, hmP³ F¶ cv E`p-¡-fpsS t]À ImWmw. aq¶m-as¯ hn`zm-hn- s\-¸än kqà-¯n-se-hn-sSbpw ]d-bp-¶n-Ã. AtX ]Zy-¯nse ""IpXn-c-¡m-c³'' Cbm-fm-bn-cn-¡mw (Ip-Xn- c-IÄ ""hn`p''hmW-tÃm). F«mw ]Zy-¯nse Aizn-I-fpsS ]cm-aÀiw Cu kqà-¯nsâ AXn-cm-{X-¯nse hn\n-tbmKw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. AXn kpXz-Zn-\-¯n\ptijw {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n Aizn-IÄ hnfn-¡s¸-Sp- ¶p--tÃm. F«mw ]Zyw Hcp Aiz-ta-[s¯ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. AXnÀ¯n-{]-tZ-i-§-fn- seÃmw Ae-ªp-\-S-bm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ bÚm-izs¯ HSp-hn sImÃp-¶p. ChnsS Aizw E`p- ¡fpw C{µ\pw Aizn-Ifpw Npäp-apÅ {]tZ-i-§-fnÂ\n¶p sImp-h-cp¶ k¼-¯mWv. bÚmizs¯ sImÃp-I-bpw apdn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-tXmsS, k¼¯v bP-am-\-·mÀ¡p s]mXp-hn ]¦p-sh-¡p-¶p. 38þmw kqàhpw ASp¯ cp kqà-§fpw (4. 39-þ40) ]´-b-¯n k-½m-\-tP-Xmhpw ]S-¡p-Xn- c-bp-amb Z[n-{Imhv F¶ IpXn-cbv¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]qcp-¡-fpsS cmPm-hmb {Xk-Z-kyp- hnsâ bYmÀY-amb IpXn-csb `mKn-I-ambn ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-sh-¶Xv \nÊw-i-b-am-sW-¦nepw AXv Aiz- ta-[-sa¶ alm-cm-P-b-Ú¯nse bmKmizs¯bpw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶p. ]qcp s]mXp-hn Bcyss]Xr- I¯nsâ {]Xo-I-a-t{X. - 39-þm-a-t¯-Xmb Cu {]IoÀ¯-I-kq-à-¯n ap³kq-à-¯nse bYmÀYhpw `uXn-I-hp-amb IpXn- c tIhew Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb kvXpXn kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-h\mbn-¯oÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ Ht«sd tZh-·m-tcm- sSm¸w hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw A§s\ Znhy-X-bpsS am\w t\Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, ap³kq-à- ¯nse Iem-inev]w ChnsS ImWm-\n-Ã. 40-þmw kqà-¯nse BZy]Zyw cq]-¯nepw `mh-¯nepw ap³kq-à-¯nteXns\ an¡-hmdpw A\p- I-cn-¨-t]m-se-bp-v. {XnjvSp-¸nÂ\n¶p hr¯w PK-Xn-bn-te¡p amdn-b-t¸mÄ ]Zy-§Ä BZy-s¯- Z-[n-{I- kq-à-¯n-se-t¸mse hÀW\w {]k-cn¸pw \qX-\-Xzhpw ssIh-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. 3þ5 ]Zy-§fn IpXnc ]´-b-¯-nse-t¸mse ]mXbv¡p Npäpw AXn-th-K-¯n ]£n-sb-¡-Ws¡ ]d-¡p¶ t]mse IpXn¡p- ¶p. ChnsS `mhm-\p-Kp-W-am-bn-«pv `mj-bpw. A´n-a(5)-]Zyw cq]-]-c-amb Ae-¦m-c-§-fpsS kvt^mS-\w- X-s¶-bm-Wv. hnhm-Z-{K-kvX-amb kmÀh-`u-a-Xzhpw A\p-_-Ô-amb ssZhn-Ihpw am\p-jn-I-hp-amb cmP-[Àa-§fpw {]ta-b-§-fmb al-¯mb C{µ-þ-h-cp-W-kq-à-(4.42)¯n\p sXm«p-ap³]pÅXpw C{µ\pw hcp-W-\pw-X-s¶- k-aÀ¸n-¨n-«p-Å-Xp-amb Cu 41-þmw kqàw Xmc-X-tay\ EPphpw efn-Xhpw cp tZh-·m-scbpw Ipdn- ¨pÅ kvXpXnbpw Ah-tcm-SpÅ A`yÀY-\-bp-a-S-§p-¶-Xpam-Wv. Ccp-tZ-h-X-Ifpw A`n-¶-cmbn ImWm- hp¶ tPmSn-b-t{X. Ihn Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw kulr-Zhpw kJyhpw BhÀ¯n¨`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. Ah-cpsS klm-b-¯n\v BhÀ¯n-¨t]-£n-¡p-¶p. `uXn-I-amb t\«-§Ä¡pw {]mÀYn-¡p-¶p. cp tZh-·mcpw shtÆsd ]cn-K-Wn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw DÅ-S¡w hcp-W-tâ-sX-¶-Xn-tesd C{µsâ KpW-§-sf-bmWv {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv. aÕ-c-¯nepw bp²-§-fnepw {]Xn-tbm-Kn-Isf Iog-S-¡m-\pÅ klm-b-amWv cp- t]-tcmSpw hnti-jn-¨-t]-£n-¡p-¶Xv (2, 4, 6, 7, 11; 8þ9 ]Zy-§-fn aÕ-c-\n-jv]-¶-amb Ae-¦m-c-I-ev]-\- IÄ ImWmw). A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn¨v cmPm-hmb {Xk-Z-kyp-hmWv 42-þmw kqà-¯nsâ IÀ¯m-hv. BZys¯ Bdp ]Zy-§Ä Ahsâ Bß-kvXp-Xn-bpw. CtX-¸än [mcmfw NÀ¨-IÄ \S-¶n-«p-s-¦nepw GI-cq-]-amb A`n- {]mbw Dcp-¯n-cn-ªp-h-¶n-«n-Ã. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä hcp-W-\mbpw ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä C{µ- \mbpw ]d-bp-¶Xv {Xk-Z-kyp-hm-Imw. 7þ10 ]Zy-§Ä IhnhmIy-am-bmWv ImWp-¶-Xv. Ahbpw kqà-Im- c-\mb {Xk-Z-kyp-hn-tâXpXs¶ Icp-Xp-I-bm-Wp-Nn-Xsa¶p tXm¶p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä C{µm-h-cp-W-·msc kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-h-bm-Ip-¶p. 43-þmw kqà-¯nse BZy-s¯ -\mep ]Zy-§Ä Xs¶ Gä-hp-a-[nIw tZh-s\tbm tZh-·m-sctbm Xncn-¨-dn-bm-\pÅ tNmZy-§Ä \nd-ª-h-bm-Wv. Xsâ- A-t]-£-IÄ¡v adp-]Sn \ÂIm³ GXp tZh\pw AYhm FÃm tZh-·mÀ¡pw km[n-¡pw. aqt¶m AXn-e-[n-Itam D¯-c-§-fp-v. tZh-·mÀ bÚmÀlcpw AaÀ¯ycpw tZh-·m-cp-am-Wv. At¸mÄ FÃm tZh-·mcpamhpw. BZys¯ tNmZy-§Ä¡p icn-bmb adp- ]-Sn-bmbn Aizn-I-sf-¶mWv \ÂIp-¶-Xv. I\y-I-bmb kqcy- h-[q-bm-{Xbv¡p Xnc-sª-Sp-¡p¶ Aizn-I- fpsS tXcn-s\-¸-änbpw tNmZy-ap-v. R§sf klm-bn-¡m³ k¶-²-X-bp-Å-h-cmWv Aizn-IÄ (3-þ4). \ap¡p t\«-ap-m-¡p-¶-h-cmbn Aizn-Isf I \ne-bv¡v, ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ6)- A-h-cpsS tXcn-s\-¡p-dn¨pw AXn-eqsS \S-¯p¶ bm{X-sb-¡p-dn-¨p-amWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶-Xv. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n Ihn AhÀ¡v `£Ww X¿m-dm-¡n-bn-«p-s¶pw ]Icw Ah-cpsS B\p-Iq-ey-§Ä {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p- s¶pw A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 4. 33-þ-D-ambn _Ô-s¸«v Ccp-hcpwIqsS Fgp-Xn-b A´n-a-]-Zy-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb 44-þmw kqàw Aizn- I-fpsS tXcn kqcy-bpsS asämcp h[q-bm-{X-bpsS ]cm-aÀi-t¯msS XpS-§p-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw kqàw Aizn-I-fpsS tXcnsâ bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ hc-hnepw ]c-kv]-c-hn-\n-a-b-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb bÚ-¯nepw tI{µo- I-cn-¡p-¶p. tkma-¯n\pw aäp lhn-Êp-IÄ¡pw ]I-c-ambn klm-bhpw km[-\-§fpw In«p-¶p. aäp bP- am-\-·mÀ tZh-·msc BIÀjn-t¨-¡ptam F¶ `oXnbpw Ihn-bpsS a\-Ên-ep-v. \memw aWvU-e-¯n-se- aq¶v Aizn-kq-à-§fnse cY-bm-{X-I-fpsS D¨-tIm-Snsb {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ kqà-am-Wn-Xv. 4. 43-þ Ihn BcmWv tZh-·m-cn Xsâ {]mÀY-\-IÄ {i²n-¡p-¶-h\pw Xs¶ klm-bn-¡p-¶- h-\p-sa¶v kwi-bn-¨p-sImp XpS-§p-¶p. Aizn-I-fmWv B tZh-·m-sc¶p Xncn-¨-dn-bp-Ibpw Ah-csS tXcn- s\bpw Ah-cpsS bm{X-sbbpw Npcp-¡-¯n hnh-cn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw Ah-cpsS BK-a-\-s¯-¸än Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. 4. 44-þ Ihn Hcn-¡Â¡qSn tXcn-s\bpw Aizn-Isfbpw hnfn-¡p-Ibpw -Xsâ bÚ-¯n-te¡v AhÀ hcp-¶-Xn- s\-¸än Adn-bn-¡p-Ibpw aäp-Å-h-cp-sS- b-Ú-§sf Hgn-hm-¡m³ Ahsc {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ChnsS Cu kqà-¯n (4. 45) bÚw \S-¡p¶ AtX ka-b¯v Aizn-I-fpsS tXcp hcp-¶-Xmbn hnh- cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-cpsS tXcp-Ifpw IpXn-c-Ifpw, Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸« bÚm-án-bpsS Inc-W-§-sf-t¸m-se, Htc coXn- bn s]cp-am-dp-¶p (1, 2). Aizn-IÄ a[p sImp-h-cn-Ibpw X§Ä¡p lhn-Êmbn AÀ¸n-¡-s¸« a[p kzoI-cn- ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. kqà-amsI a[p \nd-ªp-Xp-fp-¼p-¶p. BZys¯ A©p ]Zy-§-fnepw a[pi_vZapv. A\p-jvTm-\hpw Bt]-£n-I-ambn IqSp-X hni-Z-ambn {]Xn-]mZn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]ptcm-ln-X-IÀa-§Ä A©nepw Ggn-epw, bÚhpw tZhm-K-a-\hpw \S¡p¶ IrXy-amb kabw ({]-`m-Xw) 2, 4, 5 F¶o ]Zy-§-fnepw {]`m-X-hp- ambn _Ô-s¸« aäp {]Im-it{km-X-Êp-I-fmb-fmb bÚm-án-IÄ 1, 5 ]Zy-§-fnepw kqcy³ 2, 6 ]Zy-§-fnepw hnh-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xp t\m¡p-I. aäp cv Aizn-kq-à-§-fn-se-t¸mse kqcy-]p-{Xn-bmb kqcybpsS km¶n[yw ChnsS bÚ-k-a-b-¯p-Xs¶ ImWmw. ]t£, t]À FSp¯p]d-ªn-«n-Ã. A´n-a-]Zyw {]kvXp-X-kq-à-¯nsâ- sb-¶-t]mse Cu aq¶v Aizn-kq-à-§-fp-sSbpw D]-kw-lm-c-ambn A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p. 46-þm-as¯ Cu efn-X-kqàw AXnsâ btÚm-t±-iy-¯nÂ\n¶v Hcn-¡epw hyXn-N-en-¡p-¶n-Ã: tkma-b- Ú-¯nsâ {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n hmbphpw ]n¶oSv C{µ-hm-bp-¡fpw tkma-¯nsâ BZy-l-hn-Êp-IÄ kzoI-cn- ¡p-¶p. ChnsS Ah-sc -b-Ú-¯n-te¡p hcm\pw X§-fpsS ]¦p-IÄ IpSn-¡m\pw t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ap³kqà-s¯-t¸mse 47-þmw kqàhpw _l-f-sam¶pw IqSmsX btÚmt±iyw \nd-th-äp-¶p: {]mXx-k- h-\-¯n hmbphpw ]n¶oSv C{µ\pw hmbphpw £Wn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw AhÀ BZys¯ tkma-l-hn-Êp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ignª cp kqà-§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn 48-þmw kqàw hmbp-hn-\p-am-{X-ambn kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xm- Wv. bm{X-X-s¶-bmWv Chn-sSbpw hnj-bw. {]tXy-In¨v 1þ4 ]Zy-§-fnse ]Ã-hn-I-fnÂ.- hm-bp-hn-sâ -bm-t{Xm- t±iyw {][m-\-ambpw tkma-]m-\-am-sW-¦nepw AXv ]Ã-hn-I-fn am-{Xta ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶pÅq F¶Xv {it²- b-am-Wv. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n {]mXx-k-h-\-k-abw ]tcm-£-am-bn-am{Xw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. efn-X-amb Cu 49-þmw kqàw ASp-¯pÅ hmbp-hn\pw C{µ-\p-apÅ (4. 46-þ47) kqà-§sf HmÀan-¸n-¡p- ¶p. cp tZh-X-am-scbpw bÚ-¯n-te¡p £Wn-¡p-Ibpw tkma]m-\-¯n\v A`yÀYn-¡p-I-bpw- sN-¿p-¶-Xm- WtÃm Ah. C{µ\pw hmbp-hn-\p-ap-Å-Xp-t]m-se, C{µ\pw _rl-kv]-Xn¡pw \ne-hm-c-s¸« bÚ-tkm-amÀ¸-W- an-Ã. _rl-kv]Xn tkmaw ISn-¡p-¶-Xp-Xs¶ EtKzZ-¯n Hcn-St¯ (4. 50. 10) ImWp-¶p-Åq. Cu kqà- ¯nsâ {]mY-an-Ihpw \njv]-¶-hp-amb kz`mhw CtX tZh-·mÀ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ ASp¯ (4. 50) kqà- ¯nsâ k¼¶Xbpambn ià-amb Xmc-X-ay-aÀln-¡p-¶p. 50-þmw kqàw kzm`m-hn-I-bmbpw ]e `mK-§-fmbn Xncn-bp-¶p. F¦nepw BsI-¡qSn HsscIyw A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p-v. he-]p-cm-hr-¯-¯nsâ Ncn-{X-]-c-amb hnIm-k-¯nsâ Nne tcJ-IÄ CXn Im- Wmw. AXn-se {][m-\-I-Ym-]m-{X-§-fmb C{µ\pw _rl-kv]-Xnbpw AwKn-c-Êp-Ifpw ChnsSbpv. he- ]p-cm-hr-¯-¯nse auen-I-\m-b-I-\m-bn-cp¶ C{µsâ cmP-þ-]p-tcm-ln-X-Zzµzo`mhw cq]w sIm _rl- kv]Xn cmPmhpw a{´-{k-jvSm-hp-ambn CXn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ah-km\w C{µ\pw _rlkv]-Xnbpw bÚw ]¦n-Sm³ £Wn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. BZy-s¯- Bdp ]Zy-§Ä he-I-Y-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« _rl-kv]-Xn- bpsS ]pcm-hr¯]c-amb IÀa-§Ä¡mbn \o¡n-sh-¨n-cn-¡p¶p þ hnti-jn¨v 2þ5 ]Zy-§Ä. Bdmw ]Zyw Cu `mK-¯nsâ D]-kw-lm-c-cq-]-¯n-ep-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. 7-þ9 ]Zy-§Ä FÃm hnP-bhpw _rl-kv]-Xn-sbtbm Ahsâ `qan-bnse {]Xn-\n-[n-bmb kq{X-{k-jvSm-hn-s\tbm (cm-P-þ-]p-tcm-ln-X-hy-àn-sb) BZ-cn-¡p¶ cmPm-hns\ B{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]mse DjÊv GI-h-N-\-¯n-e-Ã, Dj-Êp-IÄ F¶p _lp-h-N-\-¯n-emWv BZy- ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-Ibpw A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sN¿p-I-bp-sa¶ \nÀWm-b-I-amb hkvXp-X-sIm-m-Wv 51-þmw kqàw {it²-b-am-hp-¶-Xv. Hcp-j-Ên-s\-am-{Xw ]cm-aÀint¡n-h-cp-t¼mÄ Ihn D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶Xv shfn- ¨-sa¶ hm¡m-Wv (1). AsÃ-¦n {]Xy-In-s¨-Sp-¯-]-d-bm\mhm¯ kÀh-\m-a-amWv (6). Cu _lp-h- N\¯nsâ kmÀYIX aäv Djx-kq-à-§-fnepw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-«n-«pv: Hmtcm Znh-khpw Ing¡v \mw ImWp¶ DjÊv {]tXy-I-am-sW-¦nepw A\m-Zn-Imew sXm«v hcp-¶Xpw t]mIp-¶-Xp-amb Dj-Êp-IÄ Htc- t]m-se-¯-s¶-bm-Wv; IrXy-ambn ]d-ªmÂ, H¶p-X-s¶-bm-Wv (8). asäÃmw Djx-kq-à-§-fpsS hmÀ¸p- am-Xr-I-Xs¶ CXpw. sXm«p-ap³]s¯ Djx-kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-amb 52-þm-as¯ Cu efn-X-kqàw Dj-Ên-s\- Nn-{Xo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw GI-h-N-\-¯n A`n-kw-t_m-[\ \S-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 2þ3 ]Zy-§-fn CW- bmb Aizn-IfpsS t]cp-v. Imc-Ww, Ah-cpsS AXn-Im-e-¯pÅ bÚ-bm-{X-X-s¶. khn-Xm-hn\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸«XmWv Xmc-X-tay\ EPp-hmb 53-þmw kqàw. Pohn-X-¯nsâ Xmf-§-fp- sS-ta kzm`m-hn-Iambn- \n-b{´-W-apÅ tZh-\mWv khn-Xm-hv. kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw khn-Xm-hn-sâ- kw-c- £-W-¯n\pw t\«-§Ä¡p-w th-n-bpÅ A`yÀY-\-IÄt]mepw tZhs\ {]Y-a-]p-cp-j-\n \nÀ¯n- s¡m-m-sW-¶Xp (1, 6þ7) {it²-b-amWv. 54-þmw kqàw ap³kq-à-¯nse Hu]-Nm-cn-I-kvXp-Xn-I-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn khn-Xm-hp-ambn \ap¡v Dä kulrZ_Ôw Dm-¡p-¶p. ""A`qZv tZhx khnXm'' (k-hn-Xr-tZ-h³ BhnÀ`-hn-¨p) F¶ BZy-]-Zy-¯nse en{Uq-]-¯n-epÅ `qX-Im-e-{]-tbm-Khpw XpSÀ¶p-h-cp¶ ]Zy-§-fnse a[y-a-]p-cp-j-{]- tbm-K-§fpw/kwt_m-[-\-Ifpw Cu kulr-Z-Øm-]-\-¯n\v Gsd D]-I-cn-¨n-«p-v. A`-bhpw ]n´p-W- bpw- t]m-epÅ kmam-\y-amb klm-b-§Ä¡-¸pdw Cu kulrZw IqSp-X hyàn-]-c-amb CS-s]-S-en\v tZh-t\m-S-t]-£n-¡m³ klm-b-I-am-bn-«p-v. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n AXmWv ImWp-¶-Xv. \memw aWvU-e-¯n hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« Htc-sbmcp kqàamWv 55-þm-t¯Xv. 1þ7 ]Zy-§Ä {XnjvSp¸n-epw 8-þ10 ]Zy-§Ä Kmb-{Xn-bn-ep-ambn cNn-¡-s¸« cp `mK-§Å kqàw. Ah-km- \s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä XnI¨pw efn-Xw. BZy-`m-K-¯nse ]Zy-§Ä, hnti-jn¨v 2, 6 F¶nh Xmc-X-tay\ hnjaw ]nSn-¨-h-b-t{X. kzXzs¯ AYhm X\n-a-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ tNmZy§tfmsSbmWv H¶mw `mK-¯nse H¶mw ]Zyw XpS-§p-¶-Xv. tZh-·m-cn BcmWv R§sf c£n-¡p-Ibpw \ymbo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pI? (aÀ¯yÀ¡n-S-bn Bcm-Wv) tZh-·mÀ¡v bÚ-¯n kpc-£n-X-Øm\w \ÂIpI? kqàw BZy-tNm- Zy-¯n\v [mcmfw km[y-X-bpÅ D¯-c-§Ä Xcp-¶pv: kzÀKhpw `qan-bpw, AZn-Xn, an{X\pw hcp-W-\pw. Ch-scÃmw cm{Xnbpw DjÊpw (3), Acy-am-hv, Aán, C{µ\pw hnjvWphpw (4), acp-¯p-¡Ä (5) F¶n-h- tcm-sSm¸w hopw hcp-¶p-v þ Znhy-Xzhpw iàn-Ifpw A{X-X-s¶-bn-Ãm¯ knÔp (3), Aln-_p-[v\y³ (6) apX-em-b-hÀ. GXm-bmepw kqàw tNmZy-¯n\v Hscm-ä-bp-¯cw \ÂIp-¶n-Ã. AZn-Xn-bpw-B-Zn-Xy-·m- cpw, AZn-Xnbpw an{X\pw hcp-W\pw Ahn-S-hnsS {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p-s-¶Xv {it²-bw. Ch-cmWv IqSp- X hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-hÀ. C§s\ ]e {]iv\-§fpw Cu kqà-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp¯n NÀ¨ sN¿m-hp-¶- Xm-Wv. ap³kq-àw-t]mse 56-þm-a-t¯Xpw 1þ 4 ]Zy-§Ä, 5þ7 ]Zy-§Ä F¶n-§s\ hr¯-]-c-ambn cmbn `mKn-¨n-cn-¡p-\-\p. BZy-t¯Xv {XnjvSp-¸nepw cm-a-t¯Xv Kmb-{Xn-bn-epw. auen-I-ambn Ch cp kqà- §-fm-bn-cn-¡mw. BZy-s¯- \mep ]Zy-§Ä Zymhm-]r-Yn-hn-Isf hÀ¯-am-\-b-Ú-¯n-te¡p hnfn-¡p-¶- h-bm-Wv. ]t£, Cu bÚ-k-µÀ`w {][m\-am-Wv. hr¯-ssh-hn[yw \nd-ª-XmWv 57-þmw kqàw. Irjn-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« At\Iw tZh-X-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n- ¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯n-sâ- Im-X-emb hnj-b-§-tf-¡mÄ ""P\-Io-b''am Wv CXnse hnj-b-sa- ¶Xpw {it²-b-a-t{X. ]e kqà-§-fnÂ\n-s¶-Sp¯ Irjn-kw-_-Ô-amb ]Zy-§-fpsS kam-lm-c-am-Wn-sX¶p NneÀ kwi-bn-¡p-¶p. CXp-t]m-epÅ kqà§Ä AXn-{]m-No-\-Im-es¯ C´y-bnse \nXy-Po-hn-X-¯n-te¡pw {]tXy-I-sXm-gnÂcw-K-§fnse kmt¦-Xn-I-]-Zm-h-en-bn-te¡pw shfn¨w hoip-¶p. Dg-hp-Nm-ens\ (ko-X) kwt_m- [\ sN¿p¶ 5, 7 ]Zy-§-fmepw Cu kqàw \½psS {i²-bÀln-¡p-¶p. A\p-{I-aWn Cu 58-þmw kqà-¯nsâ tZh-X- A-ántbm kqcyt\m shÅtam ]ip-¡tfm s\t¿m BsW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. bÚ-¯n-\p-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ lhn-Êmb s\¿m-sW¶ Ah-km-\s¯ A`n-{]m-b-amWv icn. \nÀWm-b-I- b-Ú-km-[-\-amb tkmaw t]mse {][m-\-amb asämcp hkvXp-hmWv s\¿v. AXp-sImv s\¿v CXp-t]mse {]IoÀ¯\-hn-j-b-am-b-Xn AÛp-X-an-Ã. \s½ AÛp-X-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xv tkma-k-¦oÀ¯-\-¯n-\p-thn Hcp aWvU- ew (9) apgph³ (114 kqà-§Ä) \o¡n-sh-¨-t¸mÄ Hcp-]t£ A{X-Xs¶ {]m[m-\y-apÅ s\¿n\v Ihn C§s\ EtKz-Z-¯n-emsI Hcp kqàta D]-tbm-Kn-¨n-«pÅq F¶-X-t{X. \memw aWvU-ew, ap¸¯©mw kqàw hma-tZ-h- Ku-X-a³ Ejn; 9 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v; E`p-¡Ä tZhX ""ku[-\z\mx'' (kp-[-\zm-hn-sâ- a-¡-tf) F¶v AÑsâ t]cv kqNn-¸n-¡p¶ kwt_m-[-\-bpÄs¡m- Åp-¶-XmWv kqà¯nse BZy-]Zyw. CXv E`p-¡-fpsS P\-\¯n-te¡v shfn¨w hoin-s¡mv Ah- -cpsS auen-I-amb a\p-jy-Xz-¯n-te¡p hnc Nqp-¶p. ]t£, X§-fpsS bÚ-]-c-amb {]hÀ¯- \w-sImv AhÀ ""Aar-X-]-Y-¯n-te¡pw tZh-kw-L-¯n-te¡pw'' F¯n (3). kqàm-´y-`m-K¯v F«mw ]Zy-¯nepw Ihn Cu {]ta-b-¯n-te¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p-v. A´n-a-]Zyw Ahsc tZh-·m-cmb E`p-¡- sf¶ \ne-bn XrXo-b-k-h-\-¯n tkmaw kzoI-cn-¡m³ £Wn-¡p-¶p. CS-bn-epÅ ]Zy-§-fn E`p-¡-fpsS al-¯mb IÀa-§Ä ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (5). ChnsS Ihn- bpsS tI{µ_nµp AhÀ Hcp- tkmaa-cnI \mem-¡n-b-Xnsâ hnh-cWamWv (2þ4). Cu kqà-a-\p-k-cn¨v am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n C{µ³ am{X-amWv tkma-kzo-IÀ¯m-hv. ]t£, sshIp-t¶cw C{µ\pw aq¶v E`p- ¡fpw kzoIÀ¯m-¡-fm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p (7). A§s\ am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n C{µ³ kzoI-cn-¡p¶ Hcp tkma- a-cnI am{X-ap-m-bn-cp-¶Xv sshIp-t¶-c-am-b-t¸m-g-t¯¡pw C{µ\pw aq¶v E`p-¡Ä¡p-apÅ \mse-®- ambn amdn. E`p-¡Ä¡p-thn XrXo-b-k-h\w ]pXp-Xmbn krjvSn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. 1. Ctlm-]-bmX ihtkm \]mXx ku[-\z\m E`thm am]-`qX Akvan³ ln hx kht\ cXv\-t[bw Ka-´zn-{µ-a\p thm aZmkx ihkx \]mXx Cl D]-bmX iàn-]p-{Xtc! ChnsS h¶mepw! ku[-\z\mx E`hx am A]`qX kp[-\zm-hn-sâ- a-¡-fmb E`p-¡tf! Zqsc t]mI-cptX! ln Akvan³ kht\ hx cXv\-t[bw Imc-Ww, Cu kh-\¯n \n§-fp-tS-XmWv \n[n-Zm-\w. hx aZmkx C{µw A\p Ka´p \n§-fpsS amZ-I-I-W-§Ä C{µs\ ]n´p-S-cs«! 2. BK-¶r-`q-Wm-anl cXv\-t[-bþ a`qXv tkmaky kpjp-Xky ]oXnx kpIr-Xybm bXv kz]-kybm N GIw hnN-{I- Nakw NXpÀ[m Cl E`qWmw cXv\-t[bw B AK³ ChnsS E`p-¡-fpsS \n[n-Zm\w hcs«. kpjp-Xky tkmaky ]oXnx A`qXv \n§-fpsS \Ã-h®w ]ngn-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« tkma-¯nsâ ]m\-am-bn. bXv kpIr-Xybm kz]-kybm N \n§-fpsS k¡Àahpw \à A[zm-\hpw sImv GIw Nakw NXpÀ[m hnN{I \n§Ä Hcp acnI \mem¡n. 3. hyIr-tWmX Nakw NXpÀ[m ktJ hn int£-Xy-{_-hoX AssYX hmPm Aar-Xky ]Ùmw KWw tZhm-\m-ar-`hx kplkvXmx Nakw NXpÀ[m hyIr-tWmX \n§Ä acnI \mem-¡n. ""ktJ hn in£'' CXn A{_-hoX \n§Ä ""kJmth! AXv ]Ip-¡p-hn³''F¶p ]dªp. AY ""hmPmx kplkvXmx E`hx At¸mÄ, ""hmP-·mtc! hnZ-Kv[-l-kvX-cmb E`p-¡tf! Aar-Xky ]Ùmw tZhm\mw KWw sFX'' \n§Ä Aar-X]-Y-¯nse-¯n tZh-K-W-¯n-se¯n-bm-epw!'' 4. Inwabx kzn¨ak Gj Bk bw Imthy\ NXptcm hn N{I AYm kp\p[zw kh\w aZmb ]mX E`thm a[p\x tkmayky bw Imthy\ NXpcx hn N{I \n§-fpsS Iem-Nm-Xp-cn-bm \mem¡nb Gjx Nakx Inwabx kznZv Bk Cu acnIsImv F´p sNbvXp? AY aZmb kh\w kp\p[zw Ct¸mÄ \n§-fpsS aZ-¯n\mbn tkma-k-h\w sNbvXmepw! E`hx tkmayky a[p\x ]mX E`p-¡tf! tkma-a[p IpSn¨mepw! 5. iNymIÀ¯ ]nXcm bphm\m iNymIÀ¯ Nakw tZh-]m\w iNym lco [\p-X-cm-h-XjvtSþ {µhmlmhr`thm hmP-cXv\mx iNym ]nXcm bphm\m AIÀ¯ \n§-fpsS Ign-hp-sImv \n§Ä AÑ-\-½-amsc bphm-¡-fm-¡n. iNym tZh-]m\w Nakw AIÀ¯ \n§-fpsS iànsImv \n§Ä tZh-·mÀ IpSn-¡p¶ acn-I-bp-m-¡n. iNym C{µ-hmlu [\p-Xcu lco \n§-fpsS Ign-hp-sImv C{µs\ hln-¡p-¶-hbpw {ZpX-K-Xn-I-fpamb cp ]nwK-e-¡p-Xn-c-Isf, hmP-cXv\mx E`hx AXjvS hnP-b-k-½m\w \n[n-bmb E`p¡tf! \n§Ä cq]-s¸-Sp-¯n. 6. tbm hx kpt\m-Xy-`n-]ntXz AÓmw Xo{hw hmPmkx k-h\w aZmb Xkvssa cbn-ar-`hx kÀh-ho-cþ am X£X hrjtWm aµ-km\mx hmPmkx hx bx AÓmw A`n-]ntXz hmP-·mtc! \n§Ä¡pthn Znh-khpw AkvX-a-b-k-a-b¯v aZmb Xo{hw kh\w kpt\mXn aZw-sIm-Åm³ Xo{h-ambn kh\w sN¿p-¶h\v, Xkvssa E`hx aµ-km\mx hrjWx E`p-¡tf! aZw ]q Imf-Itf! kÀh-hocw cbnw B X£X \n§Ä Btcm-Ky-hm-·m-cmb hoc-·m-cpÄs¡m-Åp¶ k¼¯v cq]-s¸-Sp -¯n-bmepw! 7. {]mXx kpX-a]nt_m lcyiz am[y-µn\w kh\w tIhew tX kar`p`nx ]n_kz cXv\-t[`nx kJo³ bm\n{µ NIrtj kpIrXym lcyiz {]mXx kpXw A]n_x ]nwK-e-¡p-Xn-c-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb-ht\ (C-{µm)! AXn-cm-hnse kh\w sNbvX tkmaw \o IpSn-¨mepw! am[y-µn\w kh\w tX tIhew am[y-µn-\-k-h\w \n\¡p am{X-ap-Å-Xm-Wv. C{µ bm³ kpIrXym cXv\-t[`nx kJo³ NIrtj C{µm! \à IÀaw sNbvX-hcpw \n[n \ÂIp¶hcp-w \o kJm-¡fm-¡nbhcpamb E`p`nx kw ]n_kz E`p-¡-tfm-sSm-cp-an¨v IpSn-¨mepw! 8. tb tZhmtkm A`-hXm kpIrXym tiy\m Cth-Z-[n-Znhn \ntjZ tX cXv\w [mX ihtkm \]mXx ku[-\z\m A`-h-Xm-ar-Xmkx iNym tZh-]m\w Nakw AIÀ¯ \n§-fpsS iànsImv \n§Ä tZh-·mÀ IpSn-¡p¶ acn-I-bp-m-¡n. iNym C{µ-hmlu [\p-Xcu lco \n§-fpsS Ign-hp-sImv C{µs\ hln-¡p-¶-hbpw {ZpX-K-Xn-I-fpamb cp ]nwKe-¡p-Xn-c-Isf, hmP-cXv\mx E`hx AXjvS hnP-b-k-½m\w \n[n-bmb E`p¡tf! \n§Ä cq]-s¸-Sp-¯n. 9. Cl {]Pm-anl cbnw ccmWm Cl {ithm hoc-h-¯-£Xm \x tb\ hbw NnX-tb-am-Xy\ym³ Xw hmPw Nn{X-ar-`-thm- Z-Zm \x \x Cl {]Pmw Cl cbnw ccmWmx R§Ä¡v ChnsS k´Xnbpw ChnsS k¼¯pw X¶p-sImv Cl hoc-hXv {ihx X£X ChnsS hoc-·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Snb IoÀ¯n cq]-s¸-Sp-¯n-bmepw! E`hx tb\ hbw A\ym³ AXn NnX-tba E`p-¡tf! R§Ä aäp-Å-h-tc-¡mÄ DÖz-e-cm-hp¶ Xw Nn{Xw hmPw \x ZZ DÖz-e-amb k½m\w \n§Ä R§Ä¡p X¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. \memw aWvU-ew, A³]¯naq¶mw kqàw hma-tZh KuX-a³ Ejn-; 7 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w PKXn; khn-Xmhv tZh-X khn-Xm-hn\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« Xmc-X-tay\ EPp-hmb kqàw. Pohn-X-¯nsâ Xmf-§-fp-sS-ta kzm`m- hn-Iambn- \n-b{´-W-apÅ tZh-\mWv khn-Xm-hv. kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw khn-Xm-hn-sâ- kw-c-£-W-¯n\pw t\«-§Ä¡p-w th-n-bpÅ A`yÀY-\-IÄt]mepw tZhs\ {]Y-a-]p-cp-j-\n \nÀ¯n-s¡m-m-sW- ¶Xp (1, 6þ7) {it²-b-amWv. 1. Xt±-hky khn-XpÀhmcyw alZv hrWo-atl Akp-cky {]tN-Xkx OÀZnÀtb\ Zmiptj bÑXn ß\m Xt¶m- a-lm-\p-Z-bm³ tZthm Aàp`nx {]tN-Xkx Akp-cky khnXpx tZhky R§Ä hI-Xn-cnhpÅ {]`p-hmb khn-Xr-tZ-hsâ hmcyw alXv XZv hrWo-atl htc-Wy-hpw al-¯p-amb B Imcyw hcn-¡p-¶-p. tb\ ß\m Zmiptj OÀZnx bÑXn AXp-sImv Ah³ kzbw `à\v A`bw \ÂIp-¶p. alm³ tZhx XZv \x Aàp`nx DZv Abm³ alm-\mb tZh³ AXv R§Ä¡p-thn cm{Xn-I-fn-eqsS Dm -¡s«! 2. Znthm [À¯m `ph-\ky {]Pm-]Xnx ]niwKw {Zm]nw {]Xn ap©tX Ihnx hnN-£Wx {]Yb-¶m]rW¶pÀþ hPo-P-\Xv khnXm kpav\-apIvYyw Znhx [À¯m `ph-\ky {]Pm-]Xnx kzÀK-s¯ -Xm-§n\nÀ¯p-¶-h\pw Poh-tem-I-¯n-sâ- k-´-Xn-I-fpsS {]`phpw Ihnx ]niwKw {Zm]nw {]Xn ap©tX Ejn-I-hnbpw kzÀWhÀW-amb Ip¸mbw [cn-¡p¶-h-\p-am-Wv. hnN-£Wx {]Y-b³ B]r-W³ khnXm hym]-I-ambn Däpt\m-¡nbpw hnim-e-amb (A´-co£w) ]c -¯nbpw \nd-¨pwsImv khn-Xmhv DX DIvYyw kpav\w APo-P-\Xv kvXpXyÀl-amb Zb- P-\n-¸n-¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. 3. A{]m cPmwkn Znhym\n ]mÀYn-hm- tÇmIw tZhx IrWptX kzmb [ÀatW {] _mlq A{kmIv khnXm kho-a\n \nth-i-b³ {]kp-h-¶-àp-`nÀP-KXv ]mÀYnhm Znhym\n cPmwkn B A{]mx Ah³ `uahpw kzÀKo-b-hp-amb km{am-Py-§Ä \nd-¨p. tZhx kzmb [ÀatW tÇmIw IrWptX tZh³ kz´w ]n´p-W-bv¡p- kqN-\-hnfnbpm¡p¶p. khnXm kho-a\n PKZv \nth-i-b³ khn-Xmhv kz´w \nÀ_-Ô-¯m PwKa-tem-I-s¯- \n-th-in-¸n -¨psImpw Aàp`nx {]kph³ _mlq {] A{kmIv cm{Xn-I-fn-eqsS t{]cn-¸n-¨psImpw cp ssIIÄ apt¶m«p \o«p¶p. 4. AZmt`ym `ph-\m\n {]Nm-I-iZv {hXm\n tZhx khn-Xm`n c£tX {]m{kmKv _mlq `ph-\ky {]Pmt`ym [rX-{htXm tlm APvaky cmPXn AZm`yx khnXm tZhx `ph-\m\n {]Nm-I-iXv NXn-¡m¯ khn-Xr-tZ-h³ Poh-Pm-e-§sf \nco-£n-¨p -sImv {hXm\n A`n c£tX Xsâ \nb-a-§Ä Im¯p-c-£n-¡p¶p. -`ph-\ky {]Pm`yx _mlq {]m{kmIv Ah³ Poh-tem-I¯n-sâ- k-´-Xn-IÄ¡p-thn cp ssIIÄ \o«p¶p. [rX-{hXx alx APvaky cmPXn Xsâ \nb-a-§Ä DbÀ¯n¸n-Sn¨ Ah³ al-¯mb ]mX `cn-¡p-¶p. 5. {Xnc-´-cn£w khnXm aln-Xz\m {Xo cPmwkn ]cn-`q-kv{XoWn tcmN\m Xnt{km -Znhx ]rYnhokvXn{k C\zXn {Xn`nÀ{h-ssX-c`n t\m c£Xn ß\m khnXm aln-Xz\m A´-cn£w {Xnx ]cn`qx khn-Xmhv Xsâ -a-ln-a-bm A´-co-£s¯ aq¶pcp hew-sh -¡p-¶p; {Xo cPmwkn {XoWn tcmN\m Ah³ aq¶p kmÔy-km-{amPy-§-sfbpw aq¶p {]Im-i-aWvUe-§-sfbpw (hewsh¡p¶p); Xn{kx Znhx Xn{kx ]rYnhox C\zXn Ah³ aq¶p kzÀK-§-sfbpw aq¶p `qan-I-sfbpw IpXn-¸n-¡p-¶p. {Xn`nx {hssXx ß\m \x A`n c£Xn Xsâ aq¶p \nb-a-§ÄsImv kzbw R§sf kwc-£n-¡s«! 6. _rl-Õpav\x {]k-hnXm \nth-it\m PKXx ØmXp-cp-`-bky tbm hio k t\m tZhx- k-hnXm iÀa bÑþ -Xzkvta £bmb {Xnh-cq-Y-aw-lkx bx _rl-Õpav\x {]k-hnXm I\¯ Zbm-hm-bv¸p-Å-h\pw apt¶m-«p-t]m-Im\pw \nth-i\x PKXx ØmXpx D`-bky IpSn-]mÀ¡m\pw t{]cn¸n-¡p-¶-h\pw Ømh-c-Pw-K-a-tem-I-§Ä¡p cn-t·epw hio kx khnXm tZhx kz´w CÑ \S¯p-¶h\pamb B khn-Xr-tZ-h³ \x Awlkx Akvta £bmb R§-fpsS sRcp-¡§Äs¡-Xn-scbpw R§-fpsS hmk-Øm-\-¯n-\p-th -nbpw {Xnh-cqYw iÀa bÑXp aq¶p-hn-[-¯n-epÅ kwc-£Ww \ÂIn-s¡mv R§Ä¡v A`bw \ÂIs«! 7. BK³ tZh EXp-`nÀhÀ[Xp £bw Z[mXn \x khnXm kp{]-Pm-anjw k \x £]m-`n-c-l-`nÝ Pn\zXp {]Pm-h´w cbn-akvta kan-\zXp tZhx EXp`nx B AK³ £bw hÀ[Xp tZh³ bÚm-`n-hr-²n-IÄ¡mbn ChnsS hcs«. Ah³ R§fpsS hkXn hfÀ¯-s«. khnXm \x kp{]Pmx Cjw Z[mXp khn-Xmhv R§Ä¡p \à k´-Xn-Isf ssIh-cp-¯p¶ `£Ww \ne-\nÀ¯-s«. kx \x £]m`nx Al`nx N Pn\zXp Ah³ R§sf cm{XnI-fn-eq-sSbpw ]I-ep-I-fn-eq-sSbpw Xzcn-¸n-¡-s«. Akvta {]Pm-h´w cbnw kw C\zXp Ah³ R§Ä¡v k´XnIsf ssIh-cp-¯p¶ k¼¯v IpXn-¸n -¡s«. \memw aW-vU-ew, A³]t¯gmw kqàw hma-tZh KuX-a³ Ejn-; 8 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w A\p-jvSp¸v (1, 4, 6þ7), {XnjvSp¸v (2-þ3, 8), ]pc DjvWn¡v (5); Irjn-tZ-h-X-IÄ AYhm t£{X-]-Xnbpw ip\m-ko-c\pw koXbpw tZh-X hr¯-ssh-hn[yw \nd-ª-XmWv Cu kqàw. Irjn-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« At\Iw tZh-X-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n- ¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯n-sâ- Im-X-emb hnj-b-§-tf-¡mÄ ""P\-Io-b''am Wv CXnse hnj-b-sa- ¶Xpw {it²-b-a-t{X. ]e kqà-§-fnÂ\n-s¶-Sp¯ Irjn-kw-_-Ô-amb ]Zy-§-fpsS kam-lm-c-am-Wn-sX¶p NneÀ kwi-bn-¡p-¶p. CXp-t]m-epÅ kqà§Ä AXn-{]m-No-\-Im-es¯ C´y-bnse \nXy-Po-hn-X-¯n-te¡pw {]tXy-I-sXm-gnÂcw-K-§fnse kmt¦-Xn-I-]-Zm-h-en-bn-te¡pw shfn¨w hoip-¶p. Dg-hp-Nm-ens\ (ko-X) kwt_m- [\ sN¿p¶ 5, 7 ]Zy-§-fmepw Cu kqàw \½psS {i²-bÀln-¡p-¶p. 1. t£{Xky ]Xn\m hbw lntX-t\h Pbm-akn Kmaizw t]mj-bnXv\zm k t\m arfm-Xo-Zrti t£{Xky ]Xn\m lntX\ Ch t£{X-]-Xn-\nan¯w (\n-Ý-bn-¡-s¸-«) kJy-¯m-se-¶-t]m-se, hbw Kmw Aizw t]mj-bnXv\p B Pbm-akn R§Ä ]iphns\bpw Ip-Xncsbbpw A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p -¶Xv t\S-s«. kx CuZrti kx arfmXn Ah³ R§-sf-t¸m-epÅ-h-cn Zb ImWn-¡p¶p. 2. t£{Xky ]tX a-[p-a-´-aqÀanw t[\p-cnh ]tbm Akvamkp [p£z a[p-ÝpXw LrX-anh kp]q-Xþ arXky \x ]Xtbm arf-b´p t£{Xky ]tX t[\px ]bx Ch t£{X-]tX! Id-h-¸ip ]mse-¶-Xp-t]m-se, Akvamkp a[p-ÝpXw LrXw Ch R§-fn tX³ Xpfp¼p-¶Xpw s\¿p-t]mse kp]qXw a[p-a´w DuÀanw [p£z \¶m-bn- ip-²o-I-cn-¡s¸-«Xamb tXt\m-en-be Npc-¯n-bmepw! EXky ]Xbx \x arf-b´p kXy-¯nsâ {]`p-¡Ä R§fn Zb ImWn-¡s«! 3. a[p-a-Xo-tcm-j-[oÀZymh Bt]m a[p-at¶m `h-Xz-´-cn£w t£{Xky ]XnÀa-[p-amt¶m AkvXzþ cnjyt´m At\z\w Ntca \x Hmj[ox Zymhx a[p-aZv `hXp R§Ä¡p-thn kky§sfbpw kzÀK-§-sfbpw tX\q-dp-¶-h-bm -¡s«! B]x A´-cn£w a[p-aoZv `hXp shÅ-s¯bpw A´-co£-s¯bpw (tX\q-dp-¶-Xm-¡s«)! t£{Xky ]Xnx \x a[p-am³ AkvXp t£{X-]Xn R§Ä¡p tX\q-dp-¶-h-\m-Is«! Acn-jy´w G\w A\p Ntca D]-{Z-h-sam¶pw kln-¡msX R§Ä Ahs\ ]n´p-S-cs«. 4. ip\w hmlmx ip\w \cx- ip\w IrjXp emwKew ip\w hc{Xm _[y´mw AjvSmw ip\w DZnw-Kb hmlmx ip\w \cx ip\w `mcw hen-¡p¶ arK-§Ä¡pw D¶-X-]p-cp-j-·mÀ¡pw A`n-hr-²n-bp-m-hs«; ip\w emwKew IrjXp A`n-hr-²n-¡p-thn Ie¸ Dg-s«. ip\w hc{Xmx _[y´mw A`n-hr-²n-¡p-thn ISnªm¬ I-b-dp-IÄ _Ôn-¡-s¸-S-s«. ip\w AjvSmw DZv- Cw-Kb A`n-hr-²n-¡p-thn Icn-t¡m \¶mbn sXfn-¡-s«. 5. ip\m-ko-cm-hnaw hmNw PptjYmw bZv -Znhn N{IYpx ]bx tXt\-am-ap-] -kn-©Xw ip\m-kocu Camw hmNw PptjYmw A`n-hr-²n, Ie¸ F¶nh-Itf! Cu hm¡ns\ Bkz-Zn-¨mepw! bZv Znhn ]bx N{IYpx \n§Ä kzÀK-¯n ]mep-m-¡n-b-t¸mÄ, tX\ Camw D] kn©Xw AXp-sImv Cu (`qansb) Xfn-¨mepw! 6. AÀhmNo kp`tK `h kotX hµm-atl Xzm bYm \x kp`-Km-kkn bYm \x kp^-em-kkn kp`tK kotX AÀhmNo `h kp`-K-bmb Dg-hp-Nmte! \o R§fpsS hgn-bn-te¡p Xncn-bp¶p. bYm \x kp`Km Akkn \o R§Ä¡p kp`-K-bm-I¯¡-hn[w R§Ä \ns¶ hmgv¯p¶p; bYm \x kp^-em- Xzm A-kkn hµm-atl \o R§Ä¡p kp^-e-bmIpamdv \ns¶ kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. 7. C{µx koXmw \n Kr-lvWmXp Xw ]qjm\p bÑXp km \x ]b-kzXo Zplmap¯-cm-ap-¯cmw kamw C{µx koXmw \n Kr-lvWmXp C{µ³ Dg-hp-Nm sh¡-s«; ]qjm Xmw A\p bÑXp ]qjmhv AXv t\sc \o«-s«. km ]b-kzXo \x kamw AXv ]m \n-dªp R§Ä¡p sImÃw apgp-h³ D¯cw D¯cw Zplmw ta¡p-ta ]m Npc-¯-s«. 8. ip\w \x ^mem hn Ir-j´p `qanw ip\w Io\m-im- A`n b´p hmsslx ip\w ]ÀPt\ym a[p\m ]tbm`nx ip\m-kocm ip\-a-kvamkp [¯w ip\w ^memx \x `qanw hn Irj´p A`n-hr-²n-¡p-thn Icn-t¡m-ep-IÄ R§-fpsS \new Dgp-Xp-a-dn -¡s«; ip\w Io\mimx hmsslx A`n b´p A`n-hr-²n-¡p-th Imen-]q«pImÀ `mcw hen-¡p¶ (Im-f-I-sf) apt¶m«p \bn-¡-s«. ip\w ]ÀP\yx a[p\m ]tbm`nx A`n-hr-²n-¡p-thn ]ÀP\y³ (ta-Lw) tX³XpÅn-I-tfmSpw ]m¯pÅn - I-tfmSpw-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-h-s«. ip\m-kocm Akvamkp ip\w [¯w A`n-hr-²n, Ie¸ F¶n-h-Itf! R§-fn A`n-hr²n \ne-\nÀ¯n -bmepw! \memw aWvU-ew, A³]s¯«mw kqàw hma-tZh KuX-a³ Ejn-; 11 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {Xn-jvSp¸v (PKXn 11 HgnsI); s\¿v tZh-X A\p-{I-aWn Cu kqà-¯nsâ tZh-X- A-ántbm kqcyt\m shÅtam ]ip-¡tfm s\t¿m BsW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. bÚ-¯n-\p-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ lhn-Êmb s\¿m-sW¶ Ah-km-\s¯ A`n-{]m-b-amWv icn. \nÀWm-b-I- b-Ú-km-[-\-amb tkmaw t]mse {][m-\-amb asämcp hkvXp-hmWv s\¿v. AXp-sImv s\¿v CXp-t]mse {]IoÀ¯\-hn-j-b-am-b-Xn AÛp-X-an-Ã. \s½ AÛp-X-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xv tkma-k-¦oÀ¯-\-¯n-\p-thn Hcp aWvU- ew (9) apgph³ (114 kqà-§Ä) \o¡n-sh-¨-t¸mÄ Hcp-]t£ A{X-Xs¶ {]m[m-\y-apÅ s\¿n\v Ihn C§s\ EtKz-Z-¯n-emsI Hcp kqàta D]-tbm-Kn-¨n-«pÅq F¶-X-t{X. 1. kap-{Zm-ZqÀanÀa-[p-am-\p-Zm-cþ ap]mw-ip\m ka-ar-X-Xz-am-\Sv LrXky \ma Kplyw bZkvXn Pnlzm tZhm-\m-a-ar-Xky \m`nx kap-{ZmZv a[p-am³ DuÀanx DZm-cXv IS-enÂ\n¶v tX\q-dp¶ Xnc-ame Dbcp¶p; Awip\m Aar-XXzw D] kw B\Sv (tkm-a)eX-tbm-sSm¸w AXv t\sc Aar-X-Xz-¯n-se¯p¶p. LrXky bZv \ma Kplyw -AkvXn s\¿nsâ t]cv Hfn-¸n¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶p: tZhm\mw Pnlzm Aar-Xky \m`nx ""tZh-·m-cp-sS -\m¡v'' ""Aar-X-¯nsâ s]m¡nÄ''. 2. hbw \ma {] {_hmam LrX-kymþ kvan³ btÚ [mc-bmam \tam`nx D] {_Òm irW-h-Ñ-ky-am\w NXpx-irw-tKm-h-aoZv Kuc GXXv hbw LrXky \ma {] {_hma R§Ä s\¿n-sâ-t]cv {]Jym-]n-¡p¶p. Akvan³ btÚ \tam`nx [mc-bma Cu bÚ-¯n R§Ä AXv kmZcw DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p¶p. iky-am\w {_Òm D] irW-hXv AXv Adn-bn-¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ a{´-{k-jvSmhv tIÄ¡s«. NXpx-irwKx Kucx GXZv Ah-aoXv \mep sIm¼p-I-fpÅ t]m¯v (tkm-aw) AXv OÀZn-¡p¶p. 3. NXzmcn irwKm {Xtbm Aky ]mZm tZz ioÀtj k]vX lkvXmtkm Aky {Xn[m _t²m hrjt`m tcmc-hoXn atlm tZthm aÀ¯ym\m hnthi NXzmcn irwKm Aky {Xbx ]mZmx \mem-W-h-sâ- sIm-¼pIÄ; aq¶p Imep-IÄ; Aky tZz ioÀtj k]vX lkvXmkx Ah\v cp XeIfpw Ggp ssII-fpamWv; {Xn[m _²x hrj`x tcmc-hoXn aq¶pcp sI«-s¸«v Imf ap{I-bn«p-sIm--n-cn-¡p¶p. alx- tZhx aÀ¯ym³ B hnthi alm-\mb tZh³ aÀ¯ycn {]th-in-¨p. 4. {Xn[m lnXw ]Wn-`nÀKp-ly-am\w Khn tZhmtkm LrX-a-\z-hn-µ³ C{µ GIw kqcy GIw PPm\ th\m-tZIw kz[bm \njvS-X£px {Xn[m lnXw ]Wn`nx Kply-am\w aq¶pXc-¯n \nt£-]n-¡-s¸«Xpw ]nip-¡-·m-À (]-Wn-I-Ä) Hfn-¸n -¨Xp-amb LrXw tZhmkx Khn A\p Ahn-µ³ s\¿v tZh-·mÀ ]iphn Is-¯n. C{µx GIw PPm\ kqcyx GIw C{µ³ H¶p-m¡n; kqcy³ H¶v; th\mXv kz[bm GIw \njvS-X£px AhÀ At\z-jn-¡p¶-h-\nÂ\n¶v kz´w iàn-bn-eqsS H¶p cq] -s¸-Sp-¯n. 5. GXm AÀj´n lrZymXv kap-{Zmþ ÑX-{hPm cn]pWm \mh-Nt£ LrXky [mcm A`n-Nm-I-ioan lnc-Wytbm thXtkm a[y Bkmw GXmx lrZymXv kap-{ZmXv iX-{hPmx Cu (A-cp-hn-IÄ) lrZyamb IS-enÂ\n¶v \qdp XS-Ê-§-fpm -bn«pw cn]pWm \ Ah-Nt£ AÀj´n NXn-bm If-¦-s¸-SmsX Hgp-Ip-¶p. Bkmw at[y lnc-Wybx thXkx Ah-cpsS a[y-¯n kzÀW-\nÀan-X-amb Hcp apf-bp-v. LrXky [mcmx A`n NmI-ioan Rm³ s\¿-cp-hn-Isf Däpt\m-¡n-s¡m-n-cn-¡p-¶p. 6. kayIv {kh´n kcntXm \ t[\m A´ÀlrZm a\km ]qb-am\mx GtX AÀj-´yqÀatbm LrXky arKm Ch £n]tWmcoj-amWmx t[\mx lrZm a\km A´x t]mj-I-{Z-h-§Ä lrZ-b-¯n\pw a\-Ên-\p-ap-Ån ]qb-am\mx kayIv kcnXx \ {kh´n ip²o-I-cn-¡-s¸-«psImv Hcp-an¨v Acp-hn-I-sf-t¸mse Hgp-Ip-¶p. GtX LrXky DuÀabx £n]tWmx Cu s\bv-¯n-c-am-eIÄ, Ip´-¯nÂ\n¶p CujamWmx arKmx Ch AÀj´n Xncn-tªm-Sp¶ h\y-ar-K-§-sf-t¸m-se, IpXns¨mgp-Ip-¶p. 7. kntÔm-cnh {]m[zt\ iqL-\mtkm hmX-{]-anbx ]X-b´n blzmx LrXky [mcm Acptjm \ hmPo ImjvTm `nµ¶qÀan`nx ]n\z-am\x kntÔmx {]m[zt\ Ch blzmx iqL-\mkx \Zn-bpsS t\ÀamÀK-¯n-se-¶-t]m-se, bph-k-l-P-amb {]k -cn-¸p-Å-hbpw thK-¯n ASn-¨p-X-IÀ¡p-¶-hbpw hmX-{]-anbx LrXky [mcmx Imän-s\ -F-XnÀ¡p-¶-h-bpamb s\¿-cp-hn-IÄ, ImjvTmx `nµ³ DuÀan`nx ]n\z-am\x acw-sIm-pÅ ]´-bamÀK-X-S-Ê-§Ä ]nfÀ¯pw Xnc-am-e-I-fm- hoÀ¯pw,- Acpjx hmPo \ ]X-b´n ISpw-Np-h-¸pÅ k½m-\mÀlamb IpXn-c-sb-t¸m-se, ]d-¡p-¶p. 8. A`n {]h´ ka-t\h tbmjm I-eymWyx kvab-am-\mtkm Aánw LrXky [mcmx kant[m \k´ Xm PpjmtWm lcyXn PmX-thZmx IeymWyx tbmjmx ka\m Ch Ah, at\m-l-cn-I-fmb bph-Xn-IÄ (hnhm-l)-k-`-I-fntes¡-¶-t]m-se, Aánw A`n kvab-am-\mkx {]h´ Aán-tbmSp ]p©n-cn-¨p-sImv s]m§n-¡n-S-¡p-¶p. LrXky [mcmx kan[x \k´ s\¿-cp-hn-IÄ Ac-Wn-t¡m-ep-Isf kao-]n-¡p-¶p. C{µ Caw \cx ]ÀhXmx B]x C{µm! Cu tkmaw a\p-jy-scbpw ]Àh-X-§-sfbpw shÅ-s¯bpw tKm`nx Xp`yw a[p-a´w kw A{I³ ]ip-¡-tfm-Sp-IqSn \n\¡p-thn a[p-hq-dp-¶-Xm-¡p-¶p. Ejz A\p {]Pm-\³ hnZzm³ Kw`o-c\pw apt¶ Btem-Nn-¡p-¶-h\pw Adn-hp-Å-h-\p-amb \o kzmx ]Yymx BKXy kpa\mx Xky ]mln \nsâ hgn-IfneqsS h¶v \à a\-tÊmsS AXv IpSn-¨mepw! 9. bm\m-`tPm acpX C{µ tkmta tb Xzma-hÀ[-¶-`-h³ KWkvtX tX`n-tcXw ktPmjm hmh-imt\mþ táx ]n_ Pnlzbm tkmaan{µ C{µ bm³ acpXx tkmta B A`Px C{µm! \o tkma¯n Hcp ]¦p \ÂInb acp-¯p-¡Ä tb Xzmw AhÀ[³ tX KWx A`-h³ \ns-¶ i-àn-s¸-Sp¯p-Ibpw \nsâ kwL-am-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. tX`nx ktPmjmx hmh-im\x Ah-cp-ambn kt´m-j-¯n Hcp-an¨v, tkm¡WvTw B{K-l-ap-Å-h-cmbn Atáx Pnlzbm C{µ GXw tkmaw ]n_ Aán-bpsS \m¡p-sImv, C{µm! Cu tkmaw IpSn-¨mepw! 10. C{µ ]n_ kz[bm NnXv kpX-kymþ táÀhm ]mln Pnlzbm bP{X A[z-tcymÀhm {]bXw i{I- lkvXmZv tlmXpÀhm bÚw lhntjm Ppjkz C{µ kz[bm NnXv kpXky ]n_ C{µm! tkzÑbm Xs¶ ]ngnsª-Sp¯ tkmaw IpSn-¨mepw! bP{X hm Atáx Pnlzbm bÚmÀlt\! AsÃ-¦n Aán-bpsS \m¡p-sImtm hm A[ztcymx lkvXmXv ]mln A[z-cyp-hnsâ ssIbnÂ\nt¶m IpSn-¨mepw! i{I hm tlmXpx lhnjx {]bXw iàm! AsÃ-¦n tlmXm-hnsâ lhn-ÊnÂ\n¶v AÀ¸n-¡-s¸« bÚw Ppjkz bÚw Bkz-Zn-¨mepw! 11. ip\w lptha aL-hm-\-an{µw akvan³ `tc \rXaw hmP-kmXu irWz-´-ap-{K-aq-Xtb kaÕp Lv\´w* hr{XmWn kwPnXw [\m\mw ip\w A-kvan³ `tc hmP-km-Xu - A\p-{K-l-¯n-\p-thn R§Ä Cu ]´-b-¯nepw hnP-b-k-½m\w t\Sp-¶-Xnepw aL-hm\w \rXaw irWz´w D{Kw DZm-c\pw Gähpw a\pjy-Xz-ap-Å-h\pw {i²n-¡p¶h\pw ià\pw hr{XmWn Lv\´w [\m\mw kwPnXw hnLv\§Ä -\in¸n¡p-¶-h\pw k½m\w t\Sp-¶-h-\p-amb C{µw kaÕp DuXtb lptha C{µs\ R§Ä bp²-§fn klm-b-¯n\p hnfn-¡p-¶p. * A©mw aWvUew A{Xn-a-WvU-e-amb A©mw aWvU-e-¯n-se- F¬]-t¯gp kqà-§-fn ]Xn-\mse®w am{X-amWv A-{Xn- bptS-Xmbp-Å-Xv (5. 27, 37-þ43, 76-þ77, 83-þ86). Bt{X-b-·m-cmWv hen-sbmcp hn`mKw kqà-§Ä cNn-¨-Xv. 36 F®w A\p-{Ia-Wn-bn ]cm-aÀin-¨n-«p-v. A\p-{I-a-Wn-bp-sS- I-W-¡n aqt¶ Bt{X-b-·m-tc-bpÅq þ hkp- {ip-X³ (3-þ6), kpXw-`-c³ (11-þ14), iymhm-iz³ (52-þ59, 81-þ82). H-¶ntem cntem A[n-Iw- kq-à-§Ä cNn-¨-hÀ ChÀ am-{Xw. A-{Xnbpw iymhm-iz\pw Ahkyp Bt{X-b\pw Hcp tZh-Xbvt¡m Hcp kwLw tZh-X-IÄt¡m Cu aWvU-e-¯n kqà-§Ä \ÂIn-bn-«p-v. A{Xnbpw Bt{X-b-·mcpw þ A§s\ hen-sbmcp IpSpw_amWv A©mw aWvU-e-¯nse Iptd kqà-§-fpsS cN-bn-Xm-¡-fmb ""A{Xn-IÄ''. GsX-¦nepw hn[- ¯n Ah-cp-ambn _Ô-s¸« aäp IpSpw-_-§-fnÂs¸« Ihn-Ifpw Chn-sS-bp-v. DZm: þ Aw-Kn-c-Êp-IÄ. Cu aWvU-e-¯n hcp¶ tZh-X-I-fp-sS ØnXn-hn-h-c-¡-W¡pw ]T-\o-b-am-Wv. H¶mw kqàw _p[ Bt{X-b\pw Khn-jvTnc Bt{X-b\pw cmw kqàw Ipamc Bt{X-b³ AYhm hrj Pm\³ AYhm Ccp-hcpw aq¶mw kqàw hkp-{ipX Bt{X-b³ A-Yhm hrj Pm\³ AYhm Ccp- hcpw 4þ 6 kqà§Ä hkp-{ipX Bt{X-b\pw 7þ8 kqà-§Ä Cj Bt{X-b\pw 9þ10 kqà-§Ä Kb Bt{X- b\pw 11-þ14 kpXw-`c Bt{X-b\pw 15 [cpW Bt{X-b\pw 16þ17 ]pcp Bt{X-b\pw 18 apà-hm-lkv ZznX Bt{X- b\pw 19 h{hn Bt{X-b\pw 20 {]b-kz´ Bt{X-b\pw 21 kk Bt{X-b\pw 22 hniz-km-amhv Bt{X-b\pw 23 Zypav\ hniz-NÀjWn Bt{X-b\pw 24 Ku]m-b-\kv AYhm eu]m-b-\kv: _Ôp, kp_Ôp, {ipX-_Ôp, hn{]-_Ôp F¶n-hcpw 25þ26 hkq-b-hkv Bt{X-b\pw 27 cmPm-¡-·m-cmb {XycpW ss{Xhr-jvW³/ss{Xhr- jvWy³, {Xk-Zkyp ]pcp-Ip-Õy³, Aiz-ta[ `mc-X³ AYhm A{Xn `ua³ F¶n-hcpw 28 hniz-hmc Bt{X- bnbpw 29 Kucn-hoXn imày\pw 30 _{`p Bt{X-b\pw 31 Ahkyp Bt{X-b\pw 32 KmXp Bt{X-b\pw 33þ34 kwh-cW {]mPm-]-Xy\pw 35þ36 {]`q-hkq BwKn-c-k\pw 37þ43 A{Xn `ua\pw 44 Ak-Õmc Imiy-]\pw 45 kZm-]rW Bt{X-b\pw 46 {]Xn-£{X Bt{X-b\pw 47 {]Xn-cY Bt{X-b\pw 48 {]Xn-`m\p Bt{X-b\pw 49 {]Xn-{]` Bt{X-b\pw 50þ51 kzkvXym-t{Xb Bt{X-b\pamWv. A©mw aWvU-e-¯n 1 apX 28 hsc-bpÅ kqà-§Ä Aán-¡mWv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. 29 apX 40 hsc-bpÅ 12 kqà-§Ä C{µ¶pw 41 apX 51 h-sc-bpÅ ]¯p kqà§Ä hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡pw 52 apX 61 hscbpw 10 þDw kqà-§Ä acp-¯p-¡Ä¡pw 62þ72 hsc an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡pw 73-þ78 kqà-§Ä Aizn-IÄ¡pw 79þ80 kqà-§Ä Dj-Ên\pw 81-þ82 kqà-§Ä khn-Xm-hn\pw 83 ]ÀP-\y\pw 84 ]rYn-hn¡pw 85 hcp-W\pw 86þ87 C{µm-án-IÄ¡pw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. H¶mw kqàw hnh-cn-¡p-¶Xv {]mXxkh-\-¯n Aán Pzen-¸n-¡p-¶Xns\bpw AXnsâ P\-\-s¯bpw Ipdn-¨m-Wv. Nne hmN-ssi-en-Itfm hcn-I-fpsS Awitam apgph³X-s¶-bptam BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶Xp ImWmw. Cu kqà-¯n Aánsb IpXn-c-bmtbm tXcm-fn-tbmtbm Iev]n-¡p-¶Xv auen-I-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-sW-¶Xv FSp- ¯p-]-d-b-Ww. aq¶mw ]Zy¯n ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ Aánsb DWÀ¯p-¶-Xn\p ]Icw Aán kqàs¯ DWÀ¯p- ¶-Xmbn hÀWn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Aán hf-cp-s¶mcp Ipª-mbn k¦-ev]n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw {it²-b-a-t{X. cmw kqà-¯n-sâ- hn-j-b-s¯-¸än ]WvUn-X-·mÀ¡n-S-bn A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-v. bÚmán A{]- Xy-£-am-b-Xn-\m AXns\ hos-Sp-¡m\pÅ bÚ-t¯m-Sp-IqSn lhn-Êp-IÄ ]I-cp¶ {]mb-Ýn-¯-kq-à- amhmw CsX-¶mWv Pman-k¬-þsâ A`n--{]m-bw. 1þ2 ]Zy-§-fn adªn-cn-¡p¶ inip-hmWv Aán. bph-Xnbmb A½bpw (1) t]än-¨nbpw (2) ad-ªp-In-S-¡p¶ Aán-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb hndIp-w (k-an-¯v) Aán¡p P·w sImSp¯ apJy-]Xv\n (a-ln-jn) AcWn-t¡m-ep-am-bn-cn-¡mw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n¯s¶ Aán Xncn-¨p-h-cn-Ibpw bÚ-¯n ]Xn-hp-t]mse Ccn-¸n-S-¯n Ccn-¡p-sa¶pw Ihn kzbw Dd-¸n-¡p-¶p. Aán bÚ-¯n Zqsc-bm-Wp-Å-sX¶pw Cu Aán GXm-sW¶pw Ihn 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fn Bi-¦-s¸-Sp-¶p. aäv Aán-I-fm-tWm, Ing-¡p-\n¶p ]Sn-ªm- tdm«p t]mIp¶ kqcy-\m-hm³ km[y-X-bptm Fs¶m-s¡-bmWv Bi-¦-IÄ. ]Zyw 5þse- Aán-bpsS Imf- IÄ AYhm ]ip-¡Ä Aán-Pzm-e-I-fmtWm? Bdmw ]Zy-¯n Aán Ahsb bÚ-Ø-e-t¯¡v Ab-¨Xmbn- cn¡msa¶v Duln-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Fs´ms¡ ]cn-an-Xn-I-fp-s-¦nepw bP-am-\-·mÀ tamNn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-sh¶v ASp¯ ]Zyw ]d-bp-¶p. ]t£, tcmjw-sImv Aán bÚØe-t¯¡p hcp¶n-Ã. ]t£, C{µ³ Aán Fhn-sS-bm- sW-¶-dn-bm³ bP-am-\-·msc klm-bn-¡p-¶p (8). Ah-km-\w,- A-ánsb bP-am-\-·m-cnÂ\n¶v ad-¨p-]n-Sn-¡m³ H¶n\pw Ign-bn-söv kqcy-\mbn kzÀK-¯n {]Xy-£-am-Ip¶ Aán-Xs¶ ImWn-¡p-¶p (9-þ10). Ah³ tZh- ·m-cpsS BÚ-{]-Imcw bP-am-\-·msc klm-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p (12). Aánsb BZn-Xy-·m-cp-ambn XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m-mWv aq¶mw kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶-Xv. H¶mw ]Zy- ¯n hcp-W-\p-ambpw an{X-\p-ambpw cmw ]Zy-¯n Acy-am-hp-ambpw an{X-\p-am-bpw. Cu XmZm-ßy-I-c-W- ¯n-\pÅ ImcWw At¸mÄ hyà-a-sÃ-¦nepw Ihn ]e coXn-I-fn aäp tZh-·m-cpsS km¶n-[yhpw {]I-S-am-¡p- ¶p-v: H¶mw ]Zy-¯n C{µ³, aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n acp-¯p-¡fpw hnjvWphpw cp{Z-\pw, H¶mw ]Zy-¯n hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ. tZh-·msc hnfn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw Ihn bÚm-án-{]-Xn-jvTm-]\w hnh-cn-¡p¶p (4-þ5). 6þ7 ]Zy-§- fnÂ, bÚm-án-km-¶n[yw Xsâ P\-§sfbpw Xs¶¯-s¶bpw FXnÀ¡p-¶-hÀs¡-XnscbpÅ Aán- bpsS klm-bhpw AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶ptm F¶p tNmZn-¡p-¶p. Ihn ZpjvS-hm-¡n-s\bpw (7) -h-àmhn-s¶-Xn- sc-bpÅ im]-s¯bpw (7, 12) X\n¡p `oj-Wn-bm-hp¶ IÅ-·mÀ¡pw NXn-b-·mÀ¡p-sa-Xn-cmbpw (11) ]cm-aÀin- ¡p-¶p. AXp-sImv tZh-t\mSp c£n-¡m³ At]-£n-¡p-¶p (9). AXp-sImv kmaq-ly-_-Ô-§-fnepÅ Zpcp]- Zn-jvS-X-I-sf-bpw aäpw ImWp-Ibpw CÃm-Xm-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-h-sc-¶- \n-e-bn BZn-Xy-·msc kqàm-cw-`- ¯n¯s¶ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xnsâ {]m[m\yw hyà-am-Ip-¶p. \memw kqà-¯n Ihn, Xm\pw aäp bP-am-\-·mcpw F´mWv sN¿p-I- F¶pw F´mWv Aán-bpsS N«- ¡q-Sn kzoI-cn-¡m³ km[n-¡pI F¶pw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n CXn-sâ -X{´w kqNn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw ASp¯ ]Zy-¯n tZh-·mÀ¡pÅ lhn-Êp-IÄ hln-¡p¶ bÚm-ánsb hnh-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. \mem ]Zy-¯n lhn-Êp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p¶ tZh-·mcpsS hÀW-\-am-Wv. XpSÀ¶pÅ ]Zy-§-fn lhy-hm-l-I-\mb Aán-bpsS ]e Xc-¯nepÅ hnh-c-Ww. Ah-km-\-`m-K¯v Aán-bpsS B\p-Iq-ey-§Ä¡pÅ At]-£. A©mw kqàw ]Xn-hp-co-Xn-bn-epÅ B{]o-kq-às¯ ]n´p-S-cp-¶p. ]t£, \memw ]Zy-¯n _Àln- Ênsâ hyà-amb ]cm-aÀi-an-Ã. asäms¡ GXmv ]Xn-hp-t]m-se. k½m-\-tP-Xm-¡-fmb IpXn-c-IÄ¡v {]m[m-\y-ap-ÅXmWv Bdmw kqàw. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Aán k½m\w \ÂIp-¶p. CXv Aán-X-s¶-bm-hmw. AXn-\m ]Zy-¯nse \memw ]mZ-¯n ""k {]otXm bmXn hmcyw'' (A- h³ {]oX-\mbn Aaq-ey-am-bXv sImSp-¡m³ t]mIp-¶p)- F¶p ]d-bp-¶n-S¯v, bP-am-\-·mÀ¡p {]Xn-^ew \ÂIp¶ tZh-\mbpw k½m-\-¯n-\p-thn aÕ-cn-¡p¶ Be-¦m-cn-I-amb IpXn-c-bmbpw Aán ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Aán- Pzm-e-IÄ IpXn-c-Ifpw Ah t\Sm³ {ian-¡p¶ k½m\w ]ip-¡-fp-a-t{X. cpw H¶mw ]Zy-¯n hcp-¶p-v. ]¯mw ]Zy-¯n-se -Ip-Xn-c-I-fpsS kqN\, ]t£, ]tcm-£-am-Wv. Ggmw kqà-¯nsâ- Xp-S-¡-¯n (1-þ3) Ihn ""kw'' hykvX-amtbm kam-km-´À`q-X-amtbm BhÀ¯n-¡p- ¶p. H¶mw ]mZw ""kJymx kw hx kay©w'' F¶n-§s\ ""k/kw'' F¶-Xnsâ BhÀ¯\w sImv {]tXyIw {it²-b-am-Wv. 4, 5, 7, 8 ]Zy-§-fn ""kw'' F¶-Xns\ ""kvam/kva'' (F-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se) F¶-Xp-sImp {]Xn-[z-\n-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]¯mw ]Zyw ""CXn'' F¶p XpS-§p-¶Xpw hyXy-kvX-hr-¯-¯n-epÅ-Xpam-Wv. AXv kqà-¯nsâ {][m-\-`m-K-¯nÂ\n¶p ]pd-¯m-Wv. AXp-sImv IrXy-amb D]-kw-lm-c-]Zyw H¼-Xm-a-t¯-Xm- Wv. AhnsS ""kw'', C¯-hW ""iw''þD-am-bmWv {]Xn-[z-\n-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu i_vZm-hÀ¯\w {]ta-b-]-c-ambpw I®n- tN-cp-¶p-v: ]ptcm-ln-X-·mcpw lhn-Êp-Ifpw X½n-epÅ sFIyw (kw) Aán-bpsS Xncn-¨p-h-c-hn-s\bpw (kva/ kvam) Ah-km\w Aán¡p bÚw ssIh-cp-¯p¶ ku`m-Ky-s¯bpw (iw) Aán tZh-·mÀ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡pw Dm-¡p¶ t\«-s¯bpw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 6þ8 ]Zy-§-fn Ihn Hcp {]kvXmh\ \S-¯p-¶p-v. kqà-¯nsâ D¨-tIm-Sn-bn- Cu ]Xn-hn-Ãm¯ LS\ Ahn-sS -Aán ""apt¶m-s«m-gp-Ip¶'' \nanjw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. XoÀ¨- bmbpw hym]n-¸n-¡-s¸« {]kvXm-h\ bÚm-án-bpsS hym-]\w h\-¯n-ep-S-\ofw Cg-ªp-\o-§p-¶p-sh-¶p-t]mepw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. F«mw kqà-¯n Ihn A©m-a-t¯-sXm-gnsI FÃm ]Zy-§fpw XpS-§p-¶Xv ""Xzmatá'' (Atá! \ns¶) F¶ hmN-I-t¯m-sS-bm-Wv. A©mw ]Zyw ""Xzw Atá'' (Atá! \o) F¶p kzev]w hyXymkw hcp-¯n-b-t{X. Krl-]-Xn, hwi-]-Xn, hwi-§-fpsS kaq-l-¯nsâ ]Xn F¶o \ne-I-fn-epÅ Aán-bpsS ]¦p-I-fmWv Chn-sS- hn-h-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]qÀhn-IÀ Aán Pzen-¸n-¨n-cp-¶p-sh¶pw (1-þ2) Ah-cpsS A\-´-c-X-e-ap-d-Ifpw Ct¸m-gs¯ hwi-§fpw Ct¸mgpw AXv Xp-S-cp-¶p-sh¶pw (3) Aán-bn-eqsS AhÀ D]-Po-h\w \S-¯p-¶p-sh¶pw (5)-Ihn A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. H³]Xmw kqà-¯n Hcp ]Zys¯ asämcp ]Zy-hp-ambn I®n tNÀ¡m³ Ihn hfsc an\-s¡-«n«p-v. 2þ3 ]Zy-§Ä cv AwK-hm-Iy-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb- hmIy-am-Wv. ""DX'' (Dw) sImmWv Ihn Ah Iq«n-t¨À¡p-¶-Xv. 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fp-sSbpw ØnXn CXp-X-s¶. ""DX kva'' (Dw hopw) BWv AhnsS I®n. CXp-t]mse ""A[ kva'' (]n-¶oSv hopw) A©mw ]Zy-¯nsâ XpS-¡-¯nÂ. ]Zy-§-fpsS Cu ¢njvS-kw-tbm-P-\-s¯ lhn-Êp-I-fpsS XpSÀ¨-bp-sS cq]-{]-Xn^-e-\-ambn ImWm-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. AY-hm, (cmw ]Zy-¯n-se-t¸m-se) bÚ-§-fp-sSbpw bÚ-{]-Xn-^-e-§-fp-sSbpw bÚ-¯nse ]¦m-fn-I-fp-sSbpw H¯p-tN-c-ens\, AsÃ-¦nÂ, (A©mw ]Zy-¯n-se- t¸mse) Dcp-In-sbm-en-¨p-tNÀ¶ teml-§-fpsS _nw_-I-ev]-\-bm hn]p-eo-Ir-X-amb Aán-Pzm-e-I-fpsS IqSn- t¨-c-en-s\tbm AsÃ-¦n (Bdmw ]Zy-¯n-se-t¸m-se) Aán an{X-\mbn (an-{X³ kJy-¯nsâ tZh-X-bm-W- tÃm) {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶-XnÂ\n¶v hyRvPn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ tZh-·mcpw a\p-jy-cpw -X-½n-epÅ sFIy-¯nsâ kqN-\- sb-t¸m-eptam {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-hmw. AY-hm, CsXÃmwIqSn-bm-hmw. ]¯mw kqàw- ap³kq-à-¯n\p kam-´-c-ambn \n¡p-¶p. Ihnbpw H¶p-X-s¶. kvtXmXm-¡Ä¡pw c£n-Xm-¡Ä¡pw k¼¯v \ÂIm-\pÅ EPphpw DuÀP-kz-e-hp-amb At]-£-bm-WnXnÂ. 3, 6 ]-Zy-§-fn CXv ]cm-aÀin-¨n-«p-v. aq¶n c£n-Xm-¡fpw a\p-jy-cp-sa¶p ]d-ªXv c£n-Xm-¡-sfbpw ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-sc-bp-amtWm a\p-jy-À c-£n-Xm-¡fpsS BÄ¡msc¯s¶-bmtWm Dt±-in-¨-sX¶p hyà-a-Ã. AXp-t]mse \memw ]Zy-¯n Km\-§sf kpµ-c-am-¡p-¶-hÀ c-£n-Xm-¡tfm ]ptcm-ln-Xtcm AtXm cp-Iq-«-cptam F¶pw Dd-¸n-Ã. Aán k¼¯p sImp-h-cm³ Ign-hp-Åh\pw Ah³ AXp sImp-h-cp-sa¶pw kqàw BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. Aán bÚw \S-¯n-¡p¶ ]ptcm-ln-X\pw lhn-Êp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p¶ tZh-\p-ambn, B AÀY-¯n bÚmÀl- \mbn, hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸mse 11-þmw kqà-¯nepw Aán-tbmSv DuÀP-kz-e-amb Hcp Imcy-¯nte-¡mWv hncÂNq- p-¶-Xv. Aán-bpsS hnIm-k-¯nepw CXn Du¶-ep-v: Ahsâ {]Imiw (1), ]pI kzÀK-¯n sXmSp-¶Xv (3), Ah³ Zriy-amb Zo]-kvXw-`-am-sW¶ Imcyw (2, 3), Hmtcm ho«nepw Ah³ k¶n-ln-X-\m-sW¶ hkvXpX (4), Ah³ alm-i-àn-]qÀW-\m-sW¶ kwKXn (5), BZys¯ a\p-jy-\mb hnh-kzm-\n-te-¡pÅ hgn-bn ap-gp- h³ Ah³ ]nt¶m«pw hym]n-¡p-¶p-sh¶ Imcyw (3). `c-X-·mÀ¡p-th-n-bmWv Aán Xnf-§p-¶-sX¶ hÀW\w Ahsâ hym]-\-¯n-epÅ Cu Du¶Â hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶p-m-hmw. Cu kqà-¯nse Aán `c-X-·m-cpsS tKm{Xmán-bm-I-bm `c-X-P-\-§-fpsS Hmtcm ho«nepw Ah³ k¶n-ln-X-\m-sW-¶pw `c-X-·m-cpsS AXnÀ¯n- IÄt¡m A[n-Im-c-i-ànt¡m A-I-¯m-sIbpw Ah³ hym]n-¡p-¶p-sh¶pw Ihn Du¶n-¸-d-bm-\m-{K-ln-¡p- ¶p. 12-þmw kqà-¯n Ihn kXyw (E-Xw) ]d-bp-¶p-sh¶pw AXp-sImv Aán kzbw kXyw ]d-bp-¶p- sh¶pw (3) kXyw {i²n-¡p-¶p-sh¶pw (2) Ah³ Ihnsb {i²n-¡p-Ibpw Ahsâ B{K-l-§Ä AwKo-I-cn- ¡pIbpw sN¿-W-sa¶pw Cu kqàw -B-hÀ¯n-¨p-d-¸n-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n Ihn kzbw CXn\p hncp-²- ambn ]d-bp-¶Xp {it²-b-amWv: Hcn-¡Â an{X-§-fmbn `mhn-¨-hÀ kXyw ]d-bp-¶Xv hniz-kn-¡m-\m-hn-Ã. X\n- s¡-Xn-sc-bpÅ Ah-cpsS hm¡p-Ifpw B{I-a-W-§fpw Ct¸mÄ h{Io-Ir-Xhpw anYy-bp-am-tb-¡pw. \memw ]Zy- ¯nse Bt£-]-lm-ky-aq-dp¶ tNmZy-§Ä t\m¡p-I. hmkvX-h-¯nÂ, IÅw ]d-bp¶ Hcp NXn-b\v Aán kwc-£Ww \ÂIp-I-bn-Ã. ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse 13-þmw kqàhpw Aán¡p \ÂIp¶ Hcp kvXpXn-Km-\-am-Wv. Ahs\ hf-cp-hm\pw tlmXm-hmbn bÚ-a-\p-jvTn-¡m\pw Imc-W-am-¡p¶ kvXpXn-Km-\w. kqà-¯nsâ amÀKw Aán-bpsS hfÀ¨sb A\p-K-an-¡p-¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n bP-am-\-·mÀ Aánsb Pzen-¸n-¡m³ XpS-§p-¶p. Ah³ ]n¶oSp hym]-I- ambn ]S-cpIbpw (4) hf-cp-Ibpw (5) sN¿p-¶p. Ah-km\w Bdmw ]Zy-¯n Ah³ tZh-·msc he-wsh-¡p- ¶p. Xsâ Ignª cp kqà-§-fn-se-t¸mse kpXw-`-c³ Cu 14-þmw kqà-¯nepw Aánsb DWÀ¯m-\pÅ kvXpXn-Km-\-¯nsâ Icp¯v Du¶n-¸-d-bp-¶p. ChnsS ]Zy-§-fn BZyw Aán-bpsS t]tcm (1, 4þ6) Aánsb ]cm-aÀin-¡p¶ kÀh-\m-atam (2, 3)-{]tbm-Kn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. H-Sp-hn ]dª Cu cp ]Zy-§ÄtNÀ¶v Hcp hmIy-am-Ip-¶p. AXn Ah-km\w (3-þmw ]Zyw D¯-cmÀ[w) Aán-]Zw hcp-¶p-ap-v. 15-þmw kqà-¯nsâ Ihn-bmb [cp-W³ B i_vZ-¯nsâ ]e Xc-¯n-epÅ \ncp-àn-Ifpw aäp cq]-`m-h-X- e-§fpw kqà-¯nsâ {]ta-b-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡-bmWv CXnÂ. Cu ]Z-s¯s¡m-pÅ Ifn-IÄ, k¼-¯n-sâbpw km[-\-§-fp-sSbpw B[m-c-sa¶ Aán-bpsS [Àa-¯n\v ASn-h-c-bn-Sp-¶p. 16-þmw kqàhpw ASp-¯Xpw Htc Ihn-bp-tS-Xp-X-s¶. AXp-sIm-p-Xs¶ cpw X½n ]e kam-´-c-X- Ifpw ImWp-¶p: cpw Htc hr¯-¯n-emWv; ]Zy-§-fpsS F®hpw Hcp-t]mse; A´n-a-]-Zy-]mZw cnepw H¶p-X-s¶. Aánbpw ]ptcm-ln-X-·mcpw AhcpsS c£n-Xm-¡fpw X½n-epÅ kJy¯n\v CXnse 3þ4- ]-Zy-§- fnepw aäp ]e Øe-§-fnepw Ihn Du¶Â sImSp-¡p-¶p. 17-þmw kqà¯nse {it²-b-amb _nw_-I-ev]\ lhn-Êp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p¶ Aán-bp-sSbpw kqà-§Ä sNmÃp¶ Ihn-bpsS-bpw hmb-bp-tSXmWv. Ihn cmw ]Zy-¯n ""Bky'' (Chsâ) F¶ i_vZ-{]-tbm-Kw- sImv Cu hmb-Isf Aán-bpamtbm -Ihn-bpam-tbm -_-Ô-s¸-Sp-¯p-Itbm XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-t]m-eptam sN¿p-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯nepw A§-s\-¯-s¶. Ihn Cu cp hmb-I-fn Du¶m³ ImcWw bÚ-¯nsâ c£n-Xm-hn\v CXp-sImv kzbw {]i-kvX-\m-hm³ Ign-bp-sa¶p hnNm-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv (2). aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nÂ, ]t£, Ihn Aán-bpsS hmbsb am{Xw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-Ibpw ssewKn-I-I-ev]-\-bn-te¡v amdp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (3). ""Ip¯n-¡-bäw'' Ihn-bpsS Km\-¯n-sâtbm Ac-Wn-I-S-b-en-sâtbm Bhmw. Imc-Ww, AXn\v Hcp ssewKn- I-kzcap-v. At¸mÄ ""Znthm \ bky tcX-km'' (kzÀK-¯n-tâ-sX-¶-t]mse Ch-sâ- tc-X-Êp-sIm-mWv) F¶ aq¶mw hcnbnse Aán-bpsS tcXÊv I\¯ Pzme-Isf hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 18-þmw kqàw Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bm-Wv þ D-Zm-c-cmb c£n-Xm¡-IÄ¡pÅ kvXpXn. kzbw, ]cn-lm-k-am-bn-«m-hmw, ""hml\w XIÀ¡s¸«-h³'' F¶p hnfn-¡p¶ ZznX³ Xsâ c£n-Xm-¡Ä¡p {]Xn-^ew \ÂIm³ Aánsb hnfn-¡p-¶p. Aán AhÀ¡v biÊp \ÂI-Ww. Cu biÊpw `mKn-I-ambpw t\cn«pw Cu kqàw-Xs¶ krjvSn- ¡p-¶-X-t{X. AhÀ Cu {]Xn-^ew AÀln-¡p-¶p-v; Imc-Ww, AhÀ ZznX\v DZm-c-ambn [mcmfw IpXn-c-Isf Zm\-ambn \ÂIn-bn-«p-v (3, 5). kqàw Kmb-Isâ ""DÖz-e-amb DÄ¡m-gv¨-sb-'' ]cm-aÀin-¡p-t¼mÄ, ]tcm-£- am-bm-sW-¦nepw ZznX-s\ kvXpXn-¡p-¶p-v (4). 19-þmw kqà-¯nsâ DÅ-S-¡-s¯-¸-änbpw LS-\-sb-¸-änbpw ]WvUn-X-tem-I¯v A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-§Ä -\ne-\n¡p-¶pv. hr¯s¯ ASn-Øm-\-am¡n aq¶p- kq-à-§-fpsS kam-lm-c-am-WnXv F¶p-hsc NneÀ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-«n-«p-v. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä Aán-bpsS P\-\-s¯-¸-än-bm-Wv. AXv a\p-jy-cpsS P\-\-s¯- t¸m-se-¯-s¶-sb¶ kqN\ bpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n ]d-bp¶ ssizt{X-b³ Bsc¶p hyà-a-Ã. a¡Ä Pzme-I-fmb AXv Aán-X-s¶-bm-hmw. AsÃ-¦nÂ, Hcp tKm{Xt\Xm-hm-hmw. _rl-Zp-à\pw ssizt{X- b\pw X½nepÅ _Ôhpw Ahy-àw. \memw ]Zyw XnI¨pw hyà-a-sÃ-¦n-epw, Aán P\n-¨t¸mÄ -Xs¶ P\n- ¸n¨ cv Ac-Wn-t¡m-ep-I-fp-ambn CW tNcp-Ibpw Ah Xn¶p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh¶ Bibw \nth-Zn-¡p-¶- Xmbn tXm¶p--¶p. Ah-km-\-]Zyw ]qÀW-h-fÀ¨-sb-¯nb Aánsb hÀWn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ Pzme-IÄ Imä¯v ]d-¡p-¶p. ap³kq-à-¯nepw hcp¶ aq¶p kqà-§-fnepw Ihn-bpsS t]cv AXXp kqà-§-fnÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ FSp- ¯-Xm-Wv. 20-þmw kqà-¯n aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nse \memw hcn-bn-epÅ ""{]b-kz´''i_vZw. cm-a-t¯-Xn-sem- gnsI asäÃm ]Zy-§-fnepw FSp¯p ]dª Km\-§ÄXs¶ Cu kqà-¯nse {][m-\-{]-ta-bw. Ahn-sS-t¸mepw ]qÀhmÀ[-¯n ]tcm-£-ambn ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-v. Xm³ hnaÀin-¡p¶ {]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-fmb- -I-hn-IÄ Aán-bn- eqsS A`n-hr-²n-s¸-«-h-sc-¦nepw ]e Imc-W-§-fm {]hÀ¯n-¡p-Itbm Ct¸mÄ icn-bmbn bÚw \S¯p- Itbm sN¿p-¶n-sÃt¶ DÅq F¶p Ihn [z\n-¸n-¡p-¶p. 21-þmw kqà-¯nsâ Ihn-bpsS t]cv kk-s\-¶m-sW¶v ChnsS \memw ]Zy-¯nse A©mw hcn-bn-Â\n¶p a\-Ên-em-¡mw. Aánsb tZh-\mbpw tZh-·mÀ¡p bÚw sN¿p-¶-h-\p-am-bmWv Ihn kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-Xv. 22-þmw kqà-¯nsâ H¶mw ]Zy¯n Ihn- hniz-km-amhv kzbw kwt_m-[-\- sN-¿p-¶-Xm-hmw. -A§s\ sN¿p-t¼mÄ Ah³ Xsâ-t]-cnsâ kmÀY-I-Xz-¯n {IoUn-¡p-I-bpam-hmw. FÃm kzc-hp-ap-Å-h³ F¶m-WtÃm B hm¡n-¶ÀYw. Ah³ kzb-tah kvXpXn¡m³ Aánsb hnfn-¡p-¶p. bÚ-¯n Aán tlmXm-hmbn {]Xn-jvTn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ tlmXm-hn-s\-t¸mse {i²m-ep-hm-Wv. AXp-sImv hniz-km-amhv Xsâ kvXpXn- bnepw hm¡p-I-fnepw Aán {i²m-ep-hm-I-W-sa¶v AántbmSp ]d-bp-¶p. ""tKm{X-¯nse tlmXmhv'' F¶v Aánsb H¶mw ]Zy¯nepw ""A{Xn-Isf'' \memw ]Zy-¯nepw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xp-sImv Cu {lkz-kqàw A{Xn-I-fpsS tKm{Xm-án¡p kaÀ¸n-¡s¸-«-Xm-sW¶p hnNm-cn-¡mw. AXp-sImv B tKm{Xmán B tKm{X- ¯nse Ihn-I-fpsS hm¡v, {]tXy-In¨v Km\-cq-]-amb hm¡v, {i²n-¨n-cn-¡-W-a-tÃm. 23-þmw kqà-w k¼-¯v, hnti-jn¨v I¶p-Im-en-k-¼-¯v, \ÂIp¶ Aánsb hnfn-¡p-¶p (2). AXv Npäp-]m- Sp-apÅ `qan-I-fp-sS- B-[n-]Xyw ssIh-cp-¯p-¶p. AtX ka-bw, Aán¡v k¼¯pw iànbpw \ÂIm-\pÅ Ignhv bPam-\-·msc -B-{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ah-cmWv hnip-²-ZÀ`-¸p sImp-h-cp-¶-Xpw Aánsb tlmXm-hmbn Øm]n-¡p-¶-Xpw (3). Ah-cpsS hm¡p-IÄ Ah\p iàn \ÂIp-¶p (1). Aánsb ]n´p-S-cp¶ tKm{X-hÀK-§-fp-sSbpw (3) ""hniz-NÀjWn'' (FÃm {]tZ-i-§-fp-ambn _Ôap-Å-h³) F¶ Aán-bp-sS-X- s¶bpw ]cm-aÀi-§Ä (4) Cu Aán ]e Xcw Bcy-P-\-X-I-Ä¡p s]mXp-hmb Aán-bm-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p kqNn- ¸n-¡p-¶p. A\p-{Ia-Wn-{]-Imcw 24-þmw kqà-¯nse Hmtcm ]Zyhpw Hmtcm Ihn (ta ImWn-¨-Xp-t]mse) cNn-¨-Xm- Wv. sFXn-ly-a-\p-k-cn-¨v ChÀ Ku]m-b-\-Ip-Sp-_-¯nÂs¸-«-h-cm-Wv. ]t£, CXv icn-b-sö A`n-{]m-b-hp-ap-v. kqà-¯nse H¶pw aq¶pw ]Zy-§Ä kwc-£-W-¯n\pw cm-a-t¯Xv s]mXp-sh- k-¼-¯n\pw thn-bp-Å- Xm-Wv. Ah-km-\-]Zyw Aán-bpsS B\p-Iq-ey-¯n-\p-th-n. B B\p-Iqeyw F´n-\p-thn-sb¶p hyà-a-Ã. H¼Xmw ]Zy-s¯ Bkv]-Zn-¨mhWw 25-þmw kqàw hkq-b-h-Ên-tâ-Xm-sW¶p \nÝ-bn-¨-Xv. AXn Ihn Xm³ hkq-b-h-Êm-sW¶p ]d-ªn-«p-v. aq¶v XrN-§-fn-em-bmWv kqàw. BZys¯ XrN-¯n Aán k¶n- ln-X-\m-hp-Ibpw (2) Xnf-§m³ XpS-§p-Ibpw (3) sN¿p-¶p. cmw XrN-¯n (4-þ6) Aán s]m«n-s¯-dn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ XrN-¯n (7-þ9) Aán-bpsS i_vZw ImcWw Ihn Ah-sâ-t\sc A[nIw Xncn-bp-¶n-Ã. Dd-s¡- bp-d-s¡-bpÅ Aán-bpsS ]S-]-S-i_vZw bÚ-¯nsâ ]Z-§-fnepw aäp i_vZ-§-fnepw {]Xn-^-en-¡p-¶p. ]nSn- ¡-Ãp-I-fp-sSbpw tkmaw CSn-¡p-¶-Xn-sâbpw kvXpXn-I-fp-sSbpw sNmÃp-I-fp-sSbpw i_vZ-§Ä bÚ¯nemsI apg-§p-¶p. Aán kpc£ ssIh-cp-¯p-¶psh¶p kqàw sam¯-¯n ]d-ªp-sh-¡p-¶p. ap³ kqà-¯n-se-t¸mse 26-þmw kqàhpw aq¶p XrN-§-fn-embn kwhn-[m\w sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. BZys¯ cp XrN-§Ä (1-þ3, 4þ7) Aán-sb -t\-cn«p kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ¡p lhnÊv \ÂIp-Ibpw bÚw ]qÀW-am-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ Xsâ ]¦v Gsä-Sp-¡-W-sa¶v AhnsS ]d-bp-¶p. aq¶mw XrN-¯n (7-þ9) Ihn- Xsâ Iq«p-Im-cmb ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cn-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. Ah-tcmSv Aánsb {]Xn-jvTn-¡m\pw tZh-·mÀ¡v Ccn-¸n- S-sam-cp-¡m\pw bÚ-§Ä {Ia-{]-Imcw \S-¯m\pw ]d-bp-¶p. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n Aán-tbmSv {]Im-in-¡m\pw ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-tcmSv X§fpsS ]¦p-IÄ hln-¡m\pw FÃm tZh-·m-tcmSpw Ah-c-h-cpsS Ccn-¸n-S§fn h¶n-cn- ¡m\pw A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. 27-þmw kqà-w cp XrN-§-fn-embn kwhn-[m\w sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. -an-{X-§-fmb c£n-Xm-¡-sftbm cmPm- ¡-·m-sctbm A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sN¿p¶ Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bm-Wn-Xv. A\p-{I-aWn Cu 28-þmw kqà-w Bt{X-bn-bp-tS-Xm-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw bÚ-{kp-¡ns\ hnti-jn- ¸n-¡m-dpÅ ""hniz-hmcm'' (Im-ay-h-kvXp-¡-sfÃmw ssIh-cp-¯p-¶-Xv) F¶mWv t]cmbn tNÀ¯n-«p-Å-Xv. BsI Bdp ]Zy-§-fpÅ Cu kqàw \mep hyXy-kvX-hr-¯-§-fn-em-bmWv cNn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶sX¶-XmWv CXn-sâ -k-hn-ti-j-X. CXv kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv, kman-t[-\o-kq-à-§-sf-t¸m-se, Pze-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« Ipd¨v Bt{X-bm- án-kq-à-§-fpsS Hcp kam-lm-c-sat¶ CtX-¸än ]d-bm-\m-hq. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (H¶mw XrNw) Xm³ Pzme-I-fneqsS hcp-¶Xv ImWn-¡m³ Aán-tbm-Sm-h-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p. cm-as¯ XrNw (4-þ6) ]qÀW-ambn {]Im-in- ¡p¶ Aánsb kvXpXn-¡p-Ibpw lhn-Êp-IÄ tZh-·m-cn-se-¯n-¡p¶ bXv\w \nÀh-ln-¡m³ At]-£n-¡p- Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 29-þmw kqà-w {][m-\-ambpw C{µsâ al-¯mb IÀa-§-Ä, hnti-jn¨v hr{X-I-Y-bpw- A-Xn acp-¯p-¡-fp- sS- ]¦pw (1-þ4, 6þ9), hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. A{X-Xs¶ {]kn-²-a-Ãm¯ cp ]pcm-hr-¯§fpw CS-bn tNÀ¯n-«p-v: tXÀ¸-´-b-¯n C{µ\pw kqcy\pw X½n-epÅ kwLÀjhpw (5, 9þ10) IpÕ-t\m-sSm¸w Di-\-Ênsâ ho«n-te- ¡pÅ bm{Xbpw ipjvWs\ Iogvs¸-Sp¯epw (9). he-]p-cm-hr-¯-apÄs¸sS aäv C{µ-hn-{I-a-§-sf-¸än kw-£n- ]vX-]-cm-aÀi-§tf DÅq (9). Ihn ]e XhW BZys¯ Bcy-]p-cp-j\pw bP-am-\-\p-amb a\psh ]pcm-hr-¯- ]-c-amb `qXImehpambn _Ô-s¸-Sp¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-v (1, 3, 7). kqàw Nnet¸mÄ hÀ¯-am-\-Im-e-¯n- se-¶-t]mse ]pcm-hr-¯-§Ä BJym\w sN¿p-¶p-v (1, 6, 12). hÀ¯-am-\-Im-e-Km-b-Isc acp-¯p-¡fpw AwKn- c-Êp-I-fp-ambn XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯m-\m-bn-cn¡mw Cu X{´w. Ah-km-\-s¯- aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn (13-þ15) C{µ-IÀa- §-fpsS hniz-hym]vXn kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-]-Zy-¯n kz´w kphn-c-Nn-X-Im-hy-§Ä hmKvZm\w sN¿p-¶p. ""km[-\-§Ä CÑn-¡p¶'' (hkqbpx) F¶ {]tbmKw Ihn ]Icw NneXv {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p-s¶p [z\n-¸n-¡p- ¶p. 30þmw kqà-w Hcp-hn[w EPp-hmbn Ime-{I-a-¯n Imcy-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p¶ H¶m-Wv. Ihn C{µ³ Fhn-sS- sb¶vv AÛp-X-s¸-«p-sImp XpS-§p-¶p (1). ]n¶o-Sv, bÚ-¯n-te¡p t]mIp¶ hgn-bn-em-sW¶p a\-Ên-em-¡p- ¶p (2). bÚ-¯n Ahsâ hoc-IÀa-§Ä sNmÃm-sa¶p tZh-t\mSp hmKvZm\w sN¿p¶p (3). Cu sNmà4þ10 ]Zy-§Ä DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. ]Xn-s\m¶mw ]Zyw B JWvU-¯nsâ D]-kw-lmcw (11). ]ns¶ Ihn -b-Ú-]-cn- k-c¯nte¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. C{µ³ tkma-¯n {]k-¶-\mbn ]ip-¡sf \ÂIp-¶p. Cu ]pcm-hr-¯-am-XrI kpJ-ambn Ah-km-\s¯, Ihn-bpsS Zm\-kvXn-cq-]-amb \mep ]Zy-§-fn-se-¯p¶p (11-þ15). AhnsS Ihn Xsâ c£n-Xm-¡-·m-cmb cpi-a-·m-scbpw Ah-cpsS cmPm-hmb EW-©-b-s\bpw kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ Ah\p \mem- bncw ]ip-¡-fpw {]hÀtKym-]-tbm-Kn-bmb Hcp X]vX-LÀahpw Zm\w sNbvXncp-¶p. ]Xn-\memw ]Zy-¯n Ihn- \m-a-]-cm-aÀi-ap-v. C{µsâ hoc-IÀa-§fn he-]p-cm-hr¯w (4), hr{X-]p-cm-hr¯w (5-þ6), \ap-Nnsb Iogvs¸- Sp-¯Â (7þ8) F¶nh ]cm-aÀin-¡s¸Sp-¶p. ""kv{XoIsf Bbp-[-am-¡nb'' Zmk³ AXn-\n-S-bn IS-¶p-h- cp¶p (9). Cu aWvU-e-¯nse ap³]s¯ C{µ-kq-à-§-sf-t¸mse 31-þmw kqàhpw C{µsâ al-¯mb hoc-Ir-Xy- §-fpsS bÚ-¯n sNmÃm-\pÅ ØnXn-hnh-c-¡-W-¡m-Wv (5-þ6). bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ C{µsâ bm{X 1þ2 ]Zy- §-fn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. hoc-IÀa-§-fpsS hnh-cWw inYn-e-{I-a¯nepÅ Iptd ]pcm-hr-¯-§-f-t{X. kqcy-N{Iw ((11), IpÕ\pw Di-\Êpw (7-þ10) F¶n-h-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« IY-I-fmWv {][m-\w. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§- fn bÚ-k-µÀ`-¯n-te¡p aS-§n-h-cp-¶p. C{µ³ bÚ-¯n F¯n-t¨-cp-¶Xpw (12) C{µsâ klm-b-¯n- \p-th-n-bpÅ A`yÀY-\bpw (13) AhnsS hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 32-þmw kqàw aäp ]e C{µ-kq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn hr{X-]p-cm-hr-¯-¯nÂam{Xw tI{µo-I-cn- ¡p-¶p. 1þ8 ]Zy-§-fn hr{X-bp-²-¯nsâ hnh-c-Ww. ]t£ hr{X³ F¶v Fhn-Sbpw {]tbm-Kn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Zm\- h³ F¶mWv an¡ Zn¡nepw hr{Xs\ hnti-jn-¸n-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. Hcn-S¯v ipjvW-s\¶pw ImWp-¶p. hmkvX-h- ¯n C{µ³ h[n¨ asämcp i{Xp-hnsâ {]kn-²-amb t]cm-W-Xv. ""Noäp-¶-h³'' F¶ ss\cp-àn-ImÀY-¯n- ehmw Cu {]tbm-Kw. ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (9-þ11) C{µsâ iàn {]]-©-amsI AwKo-I-cn-¨-Xmbn hÀWn-¡p- ¶p. C{µ³ Ihn¡p \ÂIp¶ t\«-§sf {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶-XmWv Ah-km-\-]-Zyw (12). 33-þmw kqà¯nsâ LS\ Xmc-X-tay\ EPp-hm-Wv. kqàw C{µs\ kvXpXn-¨p-sImv XpS-§p¶p (1). bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm³ tZhs\ {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-I-bmWv e£yw. 2þ3 ]Zy-§Ä C{µm-iz-§sf \pI-¯n sI«- epÄs¸-sS-bpÅ bÚ-bm-{X-bpsS hnh-c-Ww. aäp bÚ-§Ä \S¡p-¶p-s¶p Ihn-¡-dn-bmw (4). ]t£, Xsâ bÚ-¯n-te-¡p-Xs¶ hc-W-sa¶p XpSÀ¶p ]d-bp¶p (5). C{µ-t\mSp Zm\-§Ä tNmZn-¡p-¶-h-bmWv ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (6-þ7). Zm\-kvXp-Xn-cq-]-amb aq¶p (8-þ10) ]Zy-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. 34-þmw kqà¯nsâ BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä bP-am-\-·msc C{µ\p lhn-Êp-IÄ \ÂIm\pw ]Icw btÚmÀP-\n-t£]amÀPn-¡m\pw DÂt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ `qcn-`m-Khpw DZm-ccpw ]nip-¡cpw X½- nepÅ sshcp-[yhpw Ccp-Iq-«-cp-sSbpw hn[nbpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\p \o¡n-sh-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p (5-þ7). \ÂIm-¯-hÀ¡v C{µ³ sImSp-¡p¶ in£ km`n-\n-thiw hÀWn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n C{µ³ AÑ-s\bpw A½-sbbpw ktlm-Z-c-s\bpw sImÃp-¶-Xmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶Xv Cu kqà-¯nsâ Hcp khn-ti-j-X-bm-Ip-¶p. Zm\-kvXp-Xn- cq-]-am-b 9-þmw ]Zy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn kqàw kam-]n-¡p-¶p. 35-þmat¯Xv C{µs\ klm-b-¯n\p hnfn-¡p¶ Hcp efn-X-kq-àw. klm-bmÀY-I-amb Ahv [mXp-hnÂ\n¶p \njv]-¶-amb \ma-cq-]tam {Inbm-cq-]tam BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fnepw (1-þ3) Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§- fnepw (7-þ8) ImWmw. CS-bn-epÅ 4þ6 ]Zy-§-fn C{µsâ iàn-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ amaq¸-Zy-§Ä am{Xw. ap³kq- à-¯nsâ AtX Ihn-bpsS asämcp kqàamWv 36-þm-a-t¯-Xv. C{µsâ klm-b-¯n-\pÅ A`yÀY-\. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy§Ä C{µ-s\-bpw tkma-s\bpw Kmb-I-scbpw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p¶ D]-a-I-fpsS ]c-¼c \nd-ª-h-bm-Wv. A©mat¯Xv C{µs\ hrj-i-_vZmhen tNÀ¯v hnti-jn-¸n-¡p¶ Akm-[m-cW]Zy-a-t{X. A´n-a-amb Bdmw ]Zyw eLp-hm-sbmcp Zm\-kvXp-Xn. {]`mX-b-Ú{]hÀ¯\-hÀW-\-¯n-\p-thn \o¡n-sh¨ cp ]Zy-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn 37-þmw kqàw Bcw-`n- ¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (4-þ5) C{µ³ k¶n-ln-X-\mb bÚw- \-S-¯nb cmPm-hnsâ hnP-b-s¯, C{µ-sâ- a-l-¯mb hoc-Ir-Xy-§sf (heKplm-t`-Z\w, hr{Xh[w apX-em-b-h) kzmw-io-I-cn¨ cmPm-hnsâ {]hÀ¯- \-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. a[y-]Zyw (3) {]tl-fn-Im-{]m-b-amb H¶m-Wv. CXn-se h[p C{µ\p {]nb-s¸« hmt¡m DjtÊm B-bn-cn-¡mw. hc³ C{µt\m kqcyt\m BsW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. {]`m-X-b-Ú-hn-h-c-W-k-µÀ`- am-I-bm DjÊpw kqcy-\p-sa¶ hymJym-\-amWv IqSp-X bpàw. 38-þmw kqà-w aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nse cm-as¯ tZh³ Bsc¶p hyà-a-Ã. hcp-W-\m-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. AsÃ-¦n C{µ-s\- am-{Xta ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶pÅq F¶p hnNm-cn-¡-Ww. ASp¯ kqàhpw CXpw Hcn-W-sb-t¸m- se-bm-Wv. ]t£, CXns\ hymJym-\n-¡p-¶-Xn\v AXv Gsd klm-bn-¡p-¶n-Ã. 39- þmw kqàw ap³kq-à-¯nsâ CW-bm-sW¶p ]d-bm-sa-¦nepw AXn-t\-¡mÄ hmIy-hn-\ym-k-¯nepw Nn´-bnepw sa¨-am-Wv. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn C{µ-t\mSp [mcmfw \ÂIm³ At]-£n-¡p-¶p. Ah-km\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (4-þ5) A{Xn-I-tfmSp tZhs\ kvXpXn-¡m³ DÂt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. 40-þmw kqà¯n\p cp `mK-§-fp-v. C{µ-s\, Imf-bpsS `mh-¯n kvXp-Xn-¡p¶ \mep ]Zy-§-tfmsS kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. ASp-¯- A©p ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ9) kzÀ`m-\p-]p-cm-hr¯w BJym\w sN¿p-¶p. ""kqcys\ Ccp-«p-sImp Xpf-bv¡p-¶-h³'' F¶p kzÀ`m-\p-hn¶v AÀYw. ""kqcysâ {]ImiapÅ-h³'' F¶v Ah-b- hmÀYw. kzÀ`m\p kqcys\ hngp-§p-t¼mÄ A{Xn Ahs\ c£n-¡p-¶p. kzÀ`m\p bYmÀY-¯n kqcysâ `qan-bnse {]Xn-cq-]-amb AántZh\m-Wv. kqcy³ Xsâ aIsf _emÂkwKw sNbvX-Xn\v Aán kqcys\ in£n-¡p-¶p. ]t£, temI-¯n-sâ-\-S-¯n-¸n\p kqcy-{]-Imiw AXy-´m-t]-£n-X-am-I-bm kqcys\ A{XnalÀjn bÚ-amÀK-§-fn-eqsS hos-Sp-¡p-¶p. kqcy-in-£-bpsS `uXn-Im-hn-jvI-cWw A{I-an-bpsS X\nasb ad-bv¡p-¶p. Aán kqcys\ Zln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\mÂ, kzÀ`m\p kqcys\ Xpf-bv¡p-¶-Xn-\mÂ, kqcy- \n ""kqcy-KÀ¯-§Ä'' {]-Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. Aán kqcys\ Zln-¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ kqcys\ Ccp-«nsâ ]pI-]-S-e- §Ä aqSp-¶Xv Bdmw ]Zy-¯n Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶Xp ImWmw. 41-þmw kqà-¯n 17 HgnsI asäÃm ]Zy-§fpw Hmtcm tZh-Xsb t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-bp-¶p. aäp-Åh ]e {]ap-JtZ-h-·m-scbpw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. DZm-l-c-W-¯n-\v, H¶mw ]Zy-¯n an{X-s\bpw hcp-W-s\-bpw. B]vXy- s\-t¸mse (9) A]qÀh-tZ-h-·msc kvacn-¡-¶-hbpw ImWmw. acp-¯p-¡-sfbmmWv Gähp-a-[nIw ]Zy-§Ä sImm-Sp-¶-Xv (2, 5, 11, 13, 16). kqà-¯nsâ DÅ-S¡w sam¯-¯n tZh-·msc bÚ-¯n-te¡p lhnÀZm-\- hm-KvZm-\-§-tfmsS £Wn-¡p-Ibpw ]Icw ssZhn-I-Zm-\-§Ä {]Xo-£n-¡p-Ibpw Xs¶. 16-þ17 ]Zy-§Ä hyXykvX- hr-¯-¯nepÅXpw D]-kw-lm-c-{]-XoXnbpf-hm-¡p-¶-Xp-am-Wv þ hnti-jn¨v 17. A§-s\-sb-¦nÂ, 18-þ20 ]Zy-§Ä Hcp ]p\Àhn-Nn-´-\-¯n-\p-tijw Iq«n-t¨À¯-Xm-hmw. ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸m-se, 42-þmw kqàhpw [mcmfw hyXy-kvX-tZ-h-X-Isf kvXpXn¡p-¶p. AaÀ¯y-cpsS Zm\-¯n-\p-th-n-bpÅ aÀ¯y-cpsS kvXpXn. CXmWv 1þ6 F¶ Bcw`]Zy-§-fp-sSbpw 11-þ18 F¶ kam-]-\-]-Zy- §-fp-sSbpw LS-\. CS-bn-epÅ ]Zy-§-fn (7-þ10) _rl-kv]Xn (10-þ acp-¯p-¡-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn)tbmSv DZm-c-cmb -c- £n-Xm-¡-tfmSv DZm-c-\m-h-W-sa¶pw ]nip-¡-·mcmb c£n-Xm-¡Ä¡pw bÚw sN¿m-¯-hÀ¡p-sa-Xnsc kwlm- c-iàn Agn-¨p-hn-S-W-sa¶pw A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. Cu i{Xp-Xm-]-c-amb at\m-`mhw s]mXp-hn C{µ-sâ-bm-Wv, _rl- kv]-Xn-bp-sS-bÃ. ]t£, \memw ]Zy-¯n hnh-cn-¨-t]m-se, ]hn-{X-a-{´-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ C{µ-\p-am-bpÅ _Ôw _rl-kv]-Xnbpw C{µsâ hnti-j-Ww-t]m-se-bm-¡n-bn-«p-s¶p tXm¶p-¶p. 4þ10 ]Zy-§-fn CXp ImWmw. Nnte-S¯v ]e tZh-·m-scbpw t]À ]dªv t]mhp-I-bm-Wv. NnteS¯v t]Àt]mepw ]d-bmsX t]mbn-cn-¡p-¶p. CsX-Ãmw, ]t£, hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-§-fn kmam-\y-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ k{¼-Zm-bw-X-s¶. kqàm-´y-`m-K¯v (14-þ17) Ihn Xsâ {]kvXp-X-amb kvXpXn FÃm Zn¡p-I-fn-epw, aq¶p temI-§-fnepw F-¯-W-sa¶pw, X\n¡pw Xsâ kplr-¯p-¡Ä¡pw hn]p-e-amb Øew krjvSn-¡-W-sa-¶p-apÅ Xsâ {]Xo£ {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. hntiz- tZ-h-kq-à-§-fn s]mXpsh Aizn-IÄ ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sm-dn-Ãm-¯-Xn-\m XXv]-cm-aÀi-I-amb 18-þmw ]Zyw GsX- ¦nepw Aizn-kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶v FSp-¯p-tNÀ¯-Xm-hmw Fs¶m-c-`n-{]m-b-ap-v. an¡ hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-§-sf-t¸mse 43-þmw kqàhpw kvXpXn AÀln-¡p¶ Hmtcm tZh-X-sbbpw Hmtcm ]Zy-¯n hnh-cn-¨p-sImv F®n¯n-«-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p. Du¶Â bÚIÀa¯n\pw AXn tZh-X-I-fpsS km¶n- [y-¯n\pw ]¦m-fn-¯-¯n-\p-am-Wv. CXp-t]m-epÅ aäp kqà-§sf At]-£n¨v bÚm-\p-jvTm-\-¯n-sâ - hn-i-Zmw-i-§Ä ChnsS sImSp-¯n-«p-v (1, 3þ7). A\p-jvTm-\-¯n-\pÅ Cu Du¶Â kqà-¯nsâ aäp cp khn-ti-j-X-I-tf-¡mÄ {i²n-¡-s¸-tS--Xm-Wv. Hcp hi-¯v, AántZh³ kqàm-´y-`m-K-¯n (12-þ15), 12-þ _rl-kv]Xn F¶ t]cnepw 13-þ Bcm-sW¶p hyà-am-sW-¦nepw t]cp ]d-bm-sX-bpw 14-þ Bbp F¶ t]cnepw Ah-km\w 15þ t]cp ]d-ªpw, {]m[m\yw t\Sp-¶p. tZh-\mb bÚm-án¡v C¯cw hntiz-tZ-h- kq-à-§-fn C{X {]]m-[m\yw Iev]n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv hnkva-b-I-c-amWv. am{X-a-Ã, Ggmw ]Zy-w, Hcp tZh-s\b-Ã, {]hÀKym-\p-jvTm-\-¯n-¶p-]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ LÀa-]m-{X-s¯bm-Wv hnh-c-W-hn-j-b-am-¡p-¶-Xv. EtKz-Z-¯nse Gähpw hnjaw ]nSn¨ kqà-am-Wv 44-þ-a-t¯-sX¶v sKÂUv-\À, HmÄU³_ÀKv apX- emb thZ-]-WvUn-X-·mÀ icn-bmbn-¯s¶ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqà-¯n-sâ- FÃm hi-§-fnepw Cu sshjayw A\p-`-h-s¸-Spw. XÀP-a-bn ]te-S¯pw he-b-§-fn A`n-{]m-bm´-c-§fpw aäpw C{X-b- [nIw sImSp-¯n-«pÅ kqà-§Ä thsd-bn-Ã. Aán-¡pw- tkm-a\pw tNc-¯-¡-hn-[-¯n-emWv kqà- ¯nse FÃm ]Zy-§fpw F¶ A`yqlamWv k¼qÀWmw-K-e-hn-hÀ¯Icmb Pman-kWpw shÀsUÀ«Wpw kzoI-cn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. F¦nepw tkma-]-c-amb ]Zy§Ät¡ Cu A`n-{]mbw tNcq F¶ \nco-£-Whpw \ne- \n¡p-¶p-v. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä `n¶-hr-¯-\n-_-²-hpw tkma-s\bpw Aán-sbbpw, cp- t]-sc-bpw, kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶-Xp-am-Wv. kqà-¯nsâ BZy-`mKw (1-þ8) {][m-\-ambn tkma-s\bpw Aán- sbbpw Htc kabw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 9þ11 ]Zy-§-fn bÚ-¯nsâ cl-ky-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Btem-N-\- I-fm-Wv. bÚ-¯nsâ hnP-b-¯n\v Ihn Imc-W-¡m-c-\m-sW-¶-Xn-\m Ahs\ kvXpXn-¡p-I-bmWv 13- þmw ]Zy-¯nÂ. F´n-s\¶p XnI¨pw a\-Ê-nem-¡m-\m-hm¯ kv{Xoenw-K-_-lp-h-N\w s]mXp-hn kqà- ¯n-ep-S-\ofw ImWmw. hnti-jn-¨v 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11 ]Zy-§-fnÂ. CXmWv ChnsS ImWm-hp¶ {][m-\-k- hn-ti-j-X. at\m-l-c-amb 45-þmw kqàw AwKn-c-ÊpI-fpsS Imhy-h-N-Ênsâ iàn-sImv he-Kpl Xpd-¡p-¶Xpw ]pXnb Znh-k-¯nsâ {]`mXs¯bpw kqtcym-Z-b-s¯bpw kzmKXw sN¿p-¶Xpw ]pcm-hr-¯-am-Xr-I-bn BJym\w sNbvXp-sImv XpS-§p-¶p. ]pcm-hr-¯-¯nsâ {]Xy-£-]-cm-aÀi-an-ÃmsX kqtcym-Z-b-hÀW-\-tbm-Sp- IqSn (1-þ3) kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n ]pcm-hr-¯amXr-Isb ka-Im-en-I-amb bÚ-¯n {]tbm- Kn-¡p-I-bmWv Ihn. 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fn At±lw ]ptcm-ln-X-k-Jm-¡-sf Imhy-ZÀi-\-amÀPn-¡m³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p- ¶p. he-Kp-lm-t`-Z-\-¯n AwKn-c-Êp-I-fpsS ]¦v Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶-h-bmWv 7þ8 ]Zy-§Ä. ASp¯ cp ]Zy- §Ä BZyw kqcy³ -D-Zn-¨-pb-c-W-sa¶p {]mÀYn-¡p-Ibpw (9) A\-´cw Ah³ DZn-¨p-sh-¶-dn-bn-¡p-Ibpw (10) sN¿p¶p. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n (11) ""kqcys\ t\S-W-sa¶ Imhy-ZÀi\w'' hnP-bn¨Xns\ {]iw-kn-¡p-¶p. Cu aWvU-e-¯n-se- aäp hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn 46-þmw kqàw shdp-samcp tZh-Xm- h-tem-I-\-¸-«n-I -am-{X-am-bn-t¸m-bn. ]t£ CXn\p cp khn-ti-j-X-I-fp-v. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä tZh-]-Xv\n-am-sc BZyw s]m-Xp-hmbpw ]n¶oSp t]sc-Sp-¯p-]-dªpw ]pI-gv¯p-¶-h-bm-Wv. F«mw ]Zy-¯n C{µm-Wn, Aám-bn, Aizn-\n,- tcm-Z-kn, hcp-Wm\n F¶n-hsc FSp-¯p-]-d-bp-¶p. ChÀ bYm-{Iaw C{µ³, Aán, Aizn-IÄ, cp{Z³,- h-cp-W³ F¶o tZh-·m-cpsS ]Xv\n-am-c-t{X. BZy-]Zyw aäp-Å-h-bnÂ\n¶p hfsc hyXy- kvX-am-sW-¶-XmWv cm-as¯ khn-ti-j-X. 47-þmw kqà-¯nse Hmtcm kqàhpw Hmtcm IS-¦Y Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p: ]Zy-¯n-sâ- A-h-km-\w-hsc Hcp tZh-sâtbm Znhy-i-àn-bp-sStbm t]cv ]nSn-¨p-sh-¡p-Itbm (1, 2) XnI¨pw AaÀ¯n-sh-¡p-Itbm (3-þ6) sN¿p¶ hnh-cWw. hntiz-tZ-h-kp-à-§-fn CXv Akm-[m-cm-W-a-Ã. {]kvXp-X-kqàw CXp km[n-¡p-¶-Xn\p ]e Xncn- hp-I-fpw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p-v. H¶m-a-t¯-Xv, hmb-\-¡m-cs\ sXämbn \bn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mWv ]e kz`m-h-hn-h-c- Whpw Dt±-in-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. kv{XoenwKIÀ¯r-I-amb {Inb-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb H¶mw ]Zyw tI«-]mtS \mw {]Xo-£n- ¡pI AXv Dj-Ên-s\-¸-än-bm-bn-cn-¡p-sa-¶mWv. F¶mÂ, Dj-Ên-sâ- A½bmbn k¦-ev]n-¡-s¸« Imhy-{]-tNm-Z- \-amWv (a-\o-j) AhnsS hnh-£n-Xw. cmw ]Zy-¯nÂ, IÀ¯r-hn-ti-j-W-§Ä kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv Aán-Pzm-e-I- sf-bm-sW-¦nepw ""hgnI''fmWv bYm-ÀY-¯n Dt±-in-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. Cu cp ]Zy-§-fn D¯cw sImSp-¡p-I-sb- ¦nepw sN¿p-¶p-v. C\n hcp-¶-h-bn AXp-an-Ã. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nsâ HSp-hn D¯cw Hcp-hn[w hyà-am-Ip- ¶p-v. ]t£, \men AXà ØnXn. A©mw ]Zy-¯nsâ Adn-bn-¸p-Xs¶- AXv {]tl-fn-I-bm-sW-¶m-Wv. AXv kqcy\pw Aán¡pw tNcpw. Bdnsâ D¯-c-¯n A§-s\-sbmcp tbmPn-¸n-Ã. ]n¡mes¯ ivtfj-{]-tbm-K-§Ä¡pw ka-ky-IÄ¡pw ]g-s©m-Ãp-IÄ¡pw, Iptd-¡qSn hym]-I-amb tXmXnÂ, cmam-b-W-þ-a-lm-`m-c-X-IYIÄ¡p cn\pw tbmPn-¡-¯-¡-hn[w hymJym-\n-¡m-hp¶ cmL-h-]m-WvU- ho-bmZn Imhy-§Ä¡pw hn¯n-Sm³ C¯cw thZ-kq-à-§Ä hgn-Im-«n-bm-bn-«p-s¶p \nco-£n-¡mw. Cu aWvU-e-¯nse hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-k-©-b-¯nse asämcp {]tl-fn-Imkq-àamWp 48-þm-a-t¯Xv. Dt±-in- ¡p-¶-sX-s´¶p hyà-am-¡m-¯-Xp-sImv IqSp-X hnjaw ]nSn-¨-Xv. ]WvUn-X-·mÀ¡n-S-bn Hmtcm-¶n-sâbpw D¯-c-s¯-¸än A`n-{]m-ssb-Iy-an-Ã. kqà-¯n-sâ- D-t±-iyhpw LS-\bpw hyà-hp-a-Ã. {]mXx-k-h-t\m-Nn-X-amWv Cu kqà-sa-¶mWv Pman-k¬-þsâ A`n-{]m-bw. DjÊpw Aán-bp-amWv {]tl-fn-Im-]-Zy-§-fn s]mXp- hn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. {]`m-X-¯nse bÚm-án-Øm-]-\-¯n\v GXp Ihn-X-bmWv cNn-¡pI F¶ tNmZy- t¯msS kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn {]`m-X-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ H¶m-´-cw- A-e-¦m-c-I-ev]- \-Ifpw Hmtcm DjÊpw aÀ¯y\v {]mb-ta-dp-¶-tX-¸-än-bpÅ Nn´-bp-m-¡p-¶p-sh¶ ZÀi\hpw Im-Wmw. aq¶mw ]Zy¯nepw Cu Nn´ XpS-cp-¶p. tI{µ-_nµp Aán-bn-te¡p, ]t£, amdp-¶p. Aán bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcp¶ C{µ\p h{P-sam-cp-¡p-t¼mÄ Dj-Êp-IÄ Imes¯ AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. bÚm-án-bmWv 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fnse - {]Xn-]m-Zyw. 49-þmw kqàw ap³kqàw Ah-km-\n-¸n-t¨-S-¯p-\n¶p XpS-§p-¶p þ tZh-·m-cmb `K\pw khn-Xmhpw Ah-cpsS sImÅ-ap-Xepw F¶n-S-¯p-\n-¶v. ChnsS H¶m-a-s¯bpw cm-a-s¯-bpw ]Zy-¯nsâ hnjbw Cu cp tZh-·m-cm-Ip-¶p. A©n \mep ]Zyhpw a\p-jyÀ¡p \n[n-IÄ hnX-cWw sN¿p-¶-Xn-s\-¸-än-bm-Wv. Cu Zm\-§Ä¡p-¯-c-hm-Zn-I-fmb tZh-·m-cpsS aWvUew hn]p-e-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n Z£nW bmWvv kµÀ`w. CXv aq¶mw ]Zyw hyà-am-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zyw s]mXp-hn k¼-s¯-¶-Xn-t\-¡mÄ IqSp-X s]mXp-hmb A\p-{K-l-§Ä¡v tNmZn-¡p-¶p-v. ""Acq-]n-bmb iq\yX'', ""hnim-e-amb Øew'' F¶o ]cm-aÀi-§Ä¡p]p-dsa AXv Zriyhpw hyà-hp-amb Øes¯ krjvSn-¡p¶ {]`m-Xs¯ Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶- Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. eLp-sh-¦nepw hnjaw ]nSns¨mcp kqà-am-Wv 50-þm-a-t¯-Xv. hmIy-hn-\ym-kw, ]cm-aÀi-§Ä, hr¯w F¶o LS-I-§-fn hnti-jn-¨pw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nse ]pcp-j-hy-Xymkw DZm-l-c-Ww. khn-Xm-hp-ambn At`Zw Iev]n-¡-s¸« t\Xm-hn-t\mSv k¼¯n¶-t]-£n-¡p-I-bmWv BZy-]-Zy-¯nÂ. cnepw kam-\m-i-bw-X-s¶. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (3-þ4)- cwKw amdp-¶p. bÚ-ambn hnj-bw. tZh-·m-scbpw ]Xv\n-am-scbpw bÚ-¯nse AXn- Yn-I-fmbn BZ-cn-¡-W-sa-¶mWv AhnsS ]d-bp-¶-Xv. A©mw ]Zyw BZy-t¯-Xnsâ `wKy-´-tc-W-bpÅ BhÀ¯- \w-X-s¶. A©mw aWvU-e-¯nse hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-§-fn Ah-km-\-t¯-Xmb 51-þmw kqàw Xmc-X-tay\ Aev]w ZoÀL-am-Wv. ]©-]-Zym-ß-I-amb GXm\pw ]Zy-§Ä¡p-tijw CXv Hs«ms¡ Akm-[m-c-W-ambpw tXm¶p-¶p. hr¯-]-c-ambpw Cu kqàw \membn (1-þ4, 5þ10, 11-þ13, 14-þ15) thdn-«p-\n¡p-¶p. `mh-¯nepw cq]-¯nepw kqà- ¯nse FÃm JWvU-§fpw efn-Xhpw {]h-N-\o-bhpw At\ym\yw ASp-¸w -Iq-dp-¶-Xp-am-Wv. {]mXx-k-h-\-¯nse hnhn-[-tZ-h-·m-cpsS tkma-]m-\-amWv hnj-bw. EtKz-Z-¯n A©mw aWvUew acp-Õq-à-§-fpsS Gähpw henb kam-lmcw (5. 52-þ61) DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. iymhm-iz Bt{X-bsâ Cu ]¯p kqà-§Ä DZm-¯-amb IhnX Xpfp-¼p-¶-h-bm-Ip-¶p. `mh-\m-ß-Ihpw ssNX-\y-h¯pw at\m-l-c-amb-b- in-ev]-`w-Kn-bp-äXpamb Ah acp-¯p-¡-fpsS cp hi-§-sfbpw Bhn-jvI-cn- ¡p-¶p. bphm-¡fpw kpµ-c-·mcpw alm-i-b-·m-cp-amb tbm²m-¡fpsS kwL-sa¶ kmaq-lym-kvXn-Xzhpw ag-bp- sSbpw sImSp-¦m-än-sâbpw aqÀ¯o-`m-h-sa¶ {]Ir-Xn{]Xn-`m-k-Xzhpw Ah-cpsS tZh-Xm-Xzhpw AhÀ a\p-jyÀ¡p \ÂIp¶ t\«-§fpw Ipd-¨p-Im-«m-sX-Xs¶ ChnsS Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ihn iymhm-iz³ Cu kam-lm-c-¯n-se- B-Zy-]-Zy-¯nsâ BZy-]m-Z-¯n¯s¶ acp-¯p-¡sf kvXpXn- ¡m³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv Ahsc s]mXp-hmb coXn-bn hnh-cn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS bÚmÀlX Dd- ¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p (1-þ5). kqà-¯nse ASp-¯ -JWvUw (6-þ13) acp-¯p-¡sf sImSp-¦m-änsâ tZh-X-sb¶ \ne-bn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. i_-fm-`-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-I-fpsS ]c-¼-cbpw `mh-\m-ß-I-ambn AhÀ¡p \ÂIp¶ hyàn-\m-a-§fpw AhnsS ImWmw (10-þ11). A\yYm Ahsc thÀXn-cn-¨-dn-bm³ {]bm-k-am-Wv. Cu JWvUw acp- ¯p-¡sf kvXpXn-¡m-³ hop-apÅ HcpZvt_m[-\-t¯msS Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ GXm\pw ]Zy- §fn (14-þ17) acp-¯p-¡Ä¡p bÚm-Z-cw-\ÂIp-¶p; Ah-cm-Is« Zm\-§tfmsS {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\- ]Zyw (17) Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bmWv þ aäpÅh-tcm-S-Ã, acp-¯p-¡-tfm-Sp-X-s¶. sXm«p-ap³]s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (15- þ16) Ihn-IÄ¡p Zm\-§Ä \ÂIp-¶-h-sc¶ \nebv¡v kqcn-IÄ (c-£n-Xm-¡Ä) F¶v Ahsc hnti-jn-¸n-¨n-«p- ap-v. hr¯-]-c-ambn k¦oÀW-sa-¦n-epw, 53-þmw kqàs¯ hnhn-[-L-S-I-kw-bp-à-am-sW¶p ]cn-K-Wn-¡m-h-X-Ã. B´-cn-I-amb hÀKo-I-c-W-a-\p-k-cn¨v `qcn-]-£hpw Cuc-p- ]-Zy-§Ä tNÀ¶ GI-I-am-Wv. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS hÀW-\-§fpw Ah-cpsS bm{Xm-`n-em-j-§fpw ChnsS Nne-t¸mÄ sImSp-¦m-än-sâbpw acp-¯p-¡Ä hcp-¯p¶ ag-bp-sSbpw hnh-c-W-§fpambn IeÀ¶p-h-cp-¶p-v. Nne-t¸mÄ acp-¯p-¡fpw agbpw A`n-¶-am-sW¶p tXm¶pw. Nne-t¸mÄ H¶p asäm-¶nÂ\n¶p cq]w-sIm--Xm-sW¶p tXm¶pw. kqàw, ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se, tNmZy-§-fp- ambn XpS-§p¶p (1-þ2). acp-¯p-¡-fpsS DÛ-h-sa-§s\? Fhn-tS-¡m-W-hÀ t]mIp-¶Xv? ]tcm-£-ambn AhÀX- s¶ ]Zyw aq¶n -a-dp-]Sn ]d-bp-Ibpw kvXpXn Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n kvXpXn-bmWv hcp-¶-Xv. XpSÀ¶v 5þ7 ]Zy-§-fn sImSp-¦m-änsâ bpw ag-bp-sSbpw hÀW-\w. acp-¯p-¡-tfmSp ag sImp-h- cm³ ]d-bp-I-bmWv ]ns¶ (8-þ11). BZy-ap-bÀ¯nb tNmZy-¯n-te¡v Ihn XpSÀ¶p Xncn-¨p-h-cp¶p (12-þ13). acp- ¯p-¡Ä GXp bÚ-¯n-eq-sS-bmWv IS-¶p-t]m-bXv? AhÀ X§-fpsS bÚ-¯n h¶p-I-gn-ªp-sht¶m hcp-sat¶m DÅ {]Xo-£-bpw Ah-cpsS A\p-{K-l-§-fp-amWv A´n-a-]-Zy-§-fn (14-þ16). 54 Gähpw km{µ-amb hnh-c-WmßIXtbm-Sp-IqSnb acp-Õq-à-§-fn-sem-¶t{X. lnwkm-ß-I-amb- -sIm-Sp- ¦m-äp-I-fp-sSbpw AhÀ sIm-p-h-cp¶ kzmK-XmÀl-amb ag-bp-sSbpw amdn-am-dn-h-cp¶ _nw_-I-ev]-\-I-tfm-Sp- Iqb kqàw. ChnsS kar-²-amb hÀW-\-I-fpsS hnP-b-sam-gn¨v aäp khn-ti-j-amb ]ptcmK-Xntbm hfÀ¨tbm H¶pw ]d-bm-\n-Ã. Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (13-þ15) acp-¯p-¡-tfmSv Zm\-§Ä¡pw klm-b-¯n-\p-apÅ {]mÀY-\-I-fm-Wv. 55-þmw kqà-¯nse ]¯n H³]Xp ]Zy-§fpw ""ip`w bmXm-a-\p-ctYm Ahr-ÕX'' (A-hÀ `wKnbn k©-cn-¡th Ah-cpsS tXcp-I-fp-cpp) F¶ ]Ã-hn-bn Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. AXp-X-s¶-bmWv Cu kqà- ¯nsâ {]ta-b-hpw. Nne ap³a-cp-Õq-à-§-fn-se-t¸m-se, sImSp-¦m-än-sâbpw AXn\p ]n¶mse hcp¶ ag-sbbpw tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-t\-¡mÄ, CXv {][m-\-ambpw Ah-cpsS A´-co-£-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ bm{Xsb hnj-b-am-¡p- ¶p. A´n-a-]-Zy-§-fn (9-þ10) bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ £Whpw t\«-§Ä¡pÅ {]mÀY-\-bp-am-Wv. ap³a-cp-Õq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn 56-þmw kqàw acp-¯p-¡Ä¡p -]p-dsa aäp tZh-·m-scbpw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. BZy-]Zyw Aánsb kwt_m-[-\ -sN-bvXp-sImp XpS-§p-¶p. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§-fnepw Aánsb kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. AYhm, Ihn kzbw kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-Xp-am-hmw. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n `qan ASn¨p XIÀ¡-s¸« kv{Xosb¶ \ne-bn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu kv{XoNn{Xw acp-¯p-¡-fpsS Iman-\n-bm-b - tcm-Z-knsb ap³Iq«n {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. 8þ9 ]Zy-§-fn tcmZkn hcp-¶p-v. bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ bm{X hÀWn- ¡p¶ 3þ4 ]Zy§Ä Cu kqà-¯nse kvac-Wo-b-amb `mK-a-t{X. ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse 57-þmw kqàhpw acp-¯p-¡Ä¡p-]p-dsa aäp tZh-·m-scbpw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]t£, AhÀ {]tXy-In¨p bÚ-t¯mSp _Ô-s¸-«-h-c-Ã. BZy-]Zyw acp-¯p-¡-sf, Ah-cpsS AÑ-\mb cp{Zsâ t]cnÂ, kwt_m-[-\ -sN-bvXp-sImp XpS-§p-¶p. Ggmw ]Zy-¯nepw AXv hcp-¶p-v. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§- fnepw Ah-cpsS A½ ]riv\n {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp¶p. BZy-]Zyw A½ C{µ-t\m-Sp-IqSn hcp-¶p-sh¶p ]d-bp-¶p. acp- Õq-à-§-fn C{µ³ Npcp-¡-amtb hcm-dpÅq F¶Xp {it²-b-am-Wv. C{µsâ Imgv¨-¸m-SnÂ, AhÀ, ]t£, Ahsâ klm-bn-I-fm-Ip-¶p. A©mw aWvU-e-¯nse acp-Õq-à-hr-¯-¯n CXv Hä-s¸« C{µ-mK-a\-a-t{X. Cu kqà-¯n-emWv BZy-ambn acp-¯p-¡Ä AÑ\½ amtcmSp-IqSn ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. Imbn-I-ambpw am\- kn-I-am-bp-apÅ Ah-cpsS hnti-j-W-§fpw {it²-b-am-Ip-¶p. 2, 4, 5, 6 ]Zy-§Ä t\m¡p-I. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS ]¡-epÅ km[-\-§-fpsS ]«n-Ibpw Ggmw ]Zy-¯n ImWmw. 7þ8 F¶o A´n-a-]-Zy-§-fnse A`yÀY-\-I-fn- te¡v CXv hgn sXfn-¡p-¶p. 58-þmw kqàw sImSp-¦m-änsâ _nw_-I-ev]-\-bpsSbpw (6-þ7) h\y-sa-¦nepw KpW-{]-Z-amb -Nn{XoI-c- W¯nsâbpw an{in-X-amb asämcp {]k-¶-a-cp-Õq-àat{X. Cu cmas¯ Imcy-¯n acp-¯p-¡Ä ]e `ua- {]-Xn-_nw-_-§-fp-sSbpw t{kmX-Êm-Wv (4). kwL-¯n-se -hn-hn-[mw-K-§Ä¡n-S-bn-epÅ hyXym-k-¯nsâ A`m-h- amWv ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸« asämcp s]mXp-{]-ta-bw (5). 56. 3þ-se-t¸m-se, acp-¯p-¡fpw `qan-bpw -X-½n-epÅ ssewKn- I-_-Ôhpw hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (7). ]t£, ap³]-t¯-Xn-se-t¸mse sR«n-¡p-¶-X-söp ]d-bmw. 59-þmw kqàw D]-a-I-fp-sSbpw cq]-I-§-fp-sSbpw ]c-¼-c-bpsS LS-\-bp-Å-Xm-Wv. NneXv a\-Ên-em-¡m³ A\p-hm-N-I-cpsS `mh-\m-kw-`m-h-\-IqSn thn-h-t¶¡mw (DZm: 3). acp-¯p-¡-fpsS bm{X-Xs¶ ]Xn-hp-t]mse kqà-{]-ta-bw. sImSp-¦m-sä¶ \nebv¡pw tbm²m-hnsâ B{I-a-W-sa¶ \nebv¡w Ah-cpsS iàn-bmWv kÀh{X hÀWn-¡p-¶-Xv. 60-þmw kqàw 5. 56 t]mse Aán-sb, bÚm-án-sb, hnfn-¨p-sImp XpS-§p-¶p. Ah-km-\-s¯- aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn (6-þ8) Aán-tbm-sSm¸w hyà-ambpw kwt_m-[\ sN¿m-dpÅ acp-¯p-¡-sfbpw kwt_m-[\ sN¿p- ¶p. Aán-bpsS Hu¶Xyw acp-¯p-¡-fpsS bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ bm{X-sbbpw AXnse ]¦m-fn¯-s¯-bpw, kqà-¯n-sâ- e-£y-sa¶ \ne-bnÂ, XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Ah-cpsS bm{X-Xs¶ {]]-©-{]-Xn-I-c-W-§sf (`- b-s¯bpw hnd-sb-bpw þ 2, 3) {]tIm-]n-¸n-¡p-¶p. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS I®-©n-¸n-¡p¶ kuµcyw ]Xn-hp-t]mse {]I-Sn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (4). A©mw ]Zyw- A-h-cpsS amXm-]n-Xm-¡-·m-cpsS an¡-hm-dpw- KmÀln-I-amb Nn{Xw \ÂIp- ¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nse NqXp-I-fn-bpsS Iev]-\bpw {it²-b-am-Wv. 19 ]Zy-§-fpÅ 61-þmw kqàw km[m-cW coXn-bn kwln-X-bpsS kwhn-[m-\-a-\p-k-cn¨v kµÀ`m-\p-Nn-X-a- t{X. {]ta-b-]-c-ambn t\m¡n-bmepw 1þ4, 5þ10, 11-þ16, 17-þ19 F¶n-§s\ ]e JWvU-§-fm-bmWv CXnsâ \ne. ]t£, Npcp-§n-bXv 1þ10 F¶ BZy-J-WvU-sa-¦nepw Ihn iymhm-izsâ t]cv t\cn«pw (5) ivtfj-`w-Kn-bnepw (9) ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶Xpw At±-l-¯ns-sâ -I-gn-hp-IÄ {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. 1þ4, 11-þ16 ]Zy-§-fn acp- ¯p-¡-fmWv hyà-amb hnj-bw. Cu Hmtcm JWvUs¯bpw Hmtcm Zm\-kvXp-Xn-A\p-K-an-¡p-¶p. Zm\-kvXp-Xn- bn Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-h-bmWv 10, 17-þ19 ]Zy-§Ä. AXp-sImv Pman-k¬-þsâ A`n-{]m-b-¯n CXv cp {]tXy-I-kq-à-§-f-t{X: 1þ10, 11-þ19. BZy-t¯Xv iymhm-iz-IÀ¯-rIw-X-s¶. cm-a-t¯Xv BZy-t¯-Xn-sâ-b{X ck-I-c-a-Ã. 11-þ16 ]Zy-§Ä acp-¯p-¡sf amaqÂk-{¼-Zm-b-¯n {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. 17-þmw ]Zyw Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bn-te- ¡pÅ amäw ImWn-¡p-¶p. 62-þmw kqà-¯nse aq¶mw ]Zyw hyà-am-¡p-¶-t]m-se, Cu kqàw ag-bv¡p-thn an{Xm-h-cp-W-·msc hnfn-¡p-¶p. Ah-cpsS cmP-Xz-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-XmWv ag s]¿n-¡m-\pÅ Ign-hv. Ihn Cu Ign-hns\ ]e _nw_Iev]- \-I-fn-eqsS kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p-v. tZh-·m-cp-sS- knw-lm-k\w ""ss\th-Zy-§-fnÂ'' IpSn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p (5, 6). AXv lhn-Êp-Isf am{X-a-Ã, ag-sh-Å-s¯bpw AÀY-am-¡p-¶p. Ah-cpsS \nb-a-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ ]XmI (5) ""`c-W- IÀ¯m-hnsâ'' ]Xm-I-bmbn hÀ[n-¡p-¶p. ChnsS ag Ah-cpsS cmP-Xz-ap-{Z-b-t{X. Bbncw XqWp-I-fm ]n´m- §-s¸-Sp¶ Ah-cpsS \nbaw ià-am-Wv (6). ]t£, Ah-cpsS knwlm-k-\-¯nsâ XqWv agsb AI-¼Sn tkhn-¡p¶ an¶-ep-am-Wv (7). kky-§Ä hnf-bp¶ `qan-bmWv AXnsâ ASn-¯-d (7). 2þ7 ]Zy-§-fpsS hnjbw agsb cq]-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ kqcy-\m-Wv (1, 8). ag-bv¡p-h-n- tZh-·m-tcm-SpÅ A`yÀY-\-bv¡p-tijw kqcy³ Ihnhn- X-bn-te¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cn-Ibpw {]`m-X-¯n FÃm-hÀ¡pw ImW-m-dm-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXm-Is« an{Xm-h-cp-W- ·m-cpsS kzÀW-knw-lm-k-\-hp-ambn Gä-hp-a-Sp¯v _Ô-s¸-«p-\n¡p-¶p. -ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse 63-þmw kqàhpw ag-bv¡pÅ A`yÀY-\-X-s¶. CSn-bpw- an-¶-ep-apÅ hÀj-¯nsâ i_-fm-`-am-sbmcp hÀW\ CXn-epv (5, 6). 1, 4 ]Zy-§-fn B ag hcp-¶-Xnsâ Nn{Xo-I-c-W-am-Wv. an{Xm-h-cp-W- ·m-cp-sS- am-b-sb-¸än [mcmfw ]cm-aÀi-§Ä ImWmw (3, 4, 6, 7). cmP-Xzhpw amb-bpw-Iq-Sn- tNÀ¶v agsb \nb-{´n- ¡m-\pÅ iàn AhÀ¡v ssIh-cp-¯p-¶p. AhÀ k{am-«pIfm-sW¶pw ]d-bp-¶pv (2, 3). Ihn 64-þmw kqà-¯n an{X-mhcp-W-·mcpsS ASp¯ kulr-Z-¯n Du¶Â sImSp-¡p-¶p. AhÀ X§-fpsS ssII-fn ""kqcy-am-lm-ßy-km-{amPyw'' tiJ-cn-¡p-¶p (1). AXv `ua-km-{am-Pyhpw bÚ-km-{am- Pyhpw cp-am-hm³ km[y-X-bp-v. X§sf ASp-¸w-sImp kµÀin¡p¶ bP-am-\-·msc AhÀ CcpssI- Ifpw \o«n kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p (2). ""Hcn-¡epw A]-ISw hcp-¯m¯'' an{Xsâ- kw-c-£-W-¯m AI-¼Sn tkhn- ¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h-ct{X bP-am-\-·mÀ (3). \memw ]Zy-¯n Ihn, hyàambn ]d-bp-¶n-sÃ-¦n-epw, tZh-·m-cp-ambn ASp¯p _Ô-apÅ NneXv sImp-h-cp-¶pv. bÚ-l-hn-Êp-Ifpw bÚ-¯nse sNmÃ-ep-amhmw AXv. Z£n- W-Ifpw c£n-Xm-¡-fpsS hk-Xn-I-fnse At´-hm-kn-IfpamIp-¶-Xn\pw km[y-X-bn-Ãm-bvI-bn-Ã. Npcp-¡-¯n bÚhpw c£n-Xm-¡-fp-sSbpw ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-hp-ambn AXn\v _Ô-ap-v. A´n-a-]-Zy-§-fn an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mcpw bP-am-\-·mcpw X½n-epÅ Cu ASp¸w ]e X{´-§Ä ap-tJ\ Bhn-jvI-cn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ggmw ]Zy-¯nse ""]p©ncn'' {it²-b-a-t{X. Cu {]tabw 4, 5 ]Zy-§-fnepw ImWmw. Ah-bn Ihn an{Xm-h-cp- W-·msc tZh-·m-cpsS ""Ccn-¸nS''tam ""hkXn''tbm Bb DZm-c-cmb c£n-Xm-¡-fpsS hmk-Øm-\-§-fn-te¡p £Wn-¡p-¶p. bÚ-§Ä¡p-thn ]d-bp¶ (3) ""hnNm-c-io-e-''\mb Ihn-sb¶p Xs¶ hnti-jn-¸n-¨p-sImv Ihn 65- þmw kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p¶p (1-þ2). tKm{X-hw-i-§Ä IpSn-tb-dn¸mÀ¡p¶ Ime¯v P\-§Ä¡pw ar-K-§Ä¡pw hnim-ehpw kpc-£n-X-hpw im´hp-amb hmkØm\w krjvSn-¡p-¶-Xn klm-bn-¡-W-sa¶ an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m- tcm-SpÅ At]-£-bmWv kqà-¯nsâ {]ta-bw. Ihn an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-sc-bmWv kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-sX-¦nepw apJy-ambpw hnfn-¡p-¶Xv an{X-s\-bm-Wv. \memw ]Zy-¯n an{Xs\ am{Xta kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p-Åq. A©n an{Xsâ ]cn-]q-c-I-ambn am{X-amWv hcp-W³ hcp-¶-Xv. Bdn hcp-W-sâ- km-¶n[yw Zzµz-hy-àn-kÀh-\m-a- ¯n kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-tX-bp-Åq. an{X³ kJy-§-fpsS tZh-X-b-t{X. ]c-kv]cw Icm-dp-Isf _lp-am-\n-¨p- sIm--ÃmsX P\-§Ä¡v DNn-X-amb Øew In«n-sö Ihn-bpsS Du¶-emWv (6) Cu an{X-tI-{µo-Ir-X-Xz-¯\p Imc-Ww. an{X-s\¶ tZh-Xbpw kJy-sa¶ am\p-jn-I-Øn-Xnbpw 4þ Aev]w Ahyà-X-tbm-sSbpw 3þ Iptd-¡Sn hyà-ambpw kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ap³kqàw cNn¨ AtX Ihn-bpsS 66-þmw kqà-X-¯n\v AXp-ambn Ht«sd kam-\-X-I-fp-v. BZy-h-cn- bnse kmZriywXs¶ {it²-b-am-Wv. ap³kq-à-¯n Ihn an{Xs\, hnti-jn¨v Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§- fnÂ, FSp¯p ]d-bp-t¼mÄ ChnsS BZy-]-Zy-¯n hcp-Ws\ am{Xhpw Ah-km-\s¯ ]Zy-¯n an{Xs\ am{Xhpw kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. H¶mw ]Zyw hcp-W-\p-ambn _Ô-s¸« EXs¯ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-t¼mÄ Bdmw ]Zyw an{X-\p-ambn _Ô-s¸« kJy-amWv ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. Cu kqàw Imhy-i-àn-bp-sSbpw EX-¯n- sâbpw kvXpXn-bm-sW¶ Hcp hymJym-\hpw {]kn-²-am-Ip-¶p. 67-þmw kqàw BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS At\I-Xz-¯n Du¶p-¶p. CXns\ Ah-cpsS ]te-S-§-fn-ep-apÅ km¶n- [yhpw hnhn-[-P-\-§Ä¡n-S-bn-epÅ {]`p-Xz-hp-ambn Cu kqàw _Ô-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p (2, 4). BZy-]-Zy-¯n BZyw BZn-Xy-·m-scbpw ]n¶oSv hcp-W-s\bpw an{X-s\bpw Acy-am-hn-s\bpw hnfn-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯n hcp-W-s\bpw an{X-s\bpw aq¶n hcp-W-s\bpw an{X-s\bpw Acy-am-hn-s\bpw hopw hnfn-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-]- Zy-¯n-emWv ]c-tIm-Sn. BZn-Xysâ FÃm -cq-]-§fpw an{X-\ntem hcp-W-\ntem, AsÃ-¦n Ah-cn-cp-h-cnepw Hcp- an-¨v, D¨-Øn-Xn-bn-se-¯p-¶p. Cu A´n-a-]-Zy-hym-Jym-\-¯n A`n-{]m-ssb-Iy-an-Ã. 68-þmw kqà-¯n Ihn an{X-sâbpw hcp-W-sâbpw iàn-bpsS hnIm-ks¯ kvXpXn-¡m-\p-t±-in-¡p-¶p: AhÀ ""al-¯mb km{am-Py-ap-Åh''cmWv (1). ""tZh-·mÀ¡n-S-bn {]Jym-]n-¡-s¸-«h''cmWv (2). tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw a\p-jy-cp-sS-bp-an-S-bn-epÅ Ah-cpsS iàn tbmPn-¸n-¨p-sImv Ahsc ""`uahpw kzÀKo-bhp''amb k¼-¯nsâ A[n-]-Xn-Ifpw ""tZh-·mÀ¡n-bn km{am-Py-apÅ''hcp-sa¶p hnfn-¡p-¶p (3). `qan-bnepw kzÀK-¯n-ep-apÅ Ah-cpsS iàn-bpw Cu kvXpXn-bpsS ]c-tIm-Snbpw e£yhpw A´n-a-]-Zy-¯n tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p: AhÀ kzÀK-¯nÂ\n¶p `qan-bn-te¡p hcp¶ ag-I-fpsS {]`p-¡-f-t{X. 69-þmw kqà-¯n-sâ- ]m-Xn-bn Ihn an{Xm-h-cp-W-·msc Ah-cpsS A½-bmb AZn-Xn-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp- ¯p-¶p. Ipä-an-Ãm-bva-bpsS aqÀ¯o-`m-h-amWv AZn-Xn-tZ-h-X. Ihn Ahsf k¼-¯n\pw A\p-kyq-X-amb hwim- -h-en¡pw ku`m-Ky-¯n\pw Btcm-Ky-¯n-\pw-thn hnfn-¡p-¶p (3). ChnsS Bsc-bmWv hnfn-¡p-¶-sX¶ Imcy- ¯n A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-§Ä hcmw. GXm-bmepw AZn-Xnbpw an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mcpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw -A-´n-a-]- Zy-¯n Dd-¸n-¡p-¶p-v. AhnsS an{Xm-h-cp-W-·msc BZn-Xy-·mÀ (A-Zn-Xn-bpsS a¡Ä) F¶p hnfn-¡p-¶p-v. 70-þmw kqà-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ Gähpw ck-I-c-amb tNmZyw F´n-\mWv an{Xm-h-cp-W-·msc Chn-sS cp-{Z-·m- sc¶p hnfn-¨-sX¶Xm-Wv. CXnse \nKq-V-amb ]Zyw Ah-km-\t¯XmsW-¶Xpw Gähpw ck-I-cw-X-s¶. cp{Z³ ia-\u-j-[n-bp-Å-h\pw AtX-k-abw `oI-c-\mb As¼-bv¯p-Im-c-\p-am-Wv. i{Xp-¡Äs¡-Xnsc Xncn-bp¶ an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cp-sS -]I cp{Zsâ tcmj-s¯-t¸m-se-bm-sW¶v Dd-¸n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cn-¡Ww Ihn-bpsS Dt±-iyw. an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ kwc-£n-¡p-Ibpw Ahs\ i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶p c£-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿pw. Zkyp-¡-tfm-SpÅ Ah-cpsS t{Im[w Ah-t\m-Sp-m-hp-I-bn-à (3). Cu \nco-£Ww Ah-km-\-]Zyw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn\p \s½ klm-bn-¡pw. F¦nepw AXnsâ AÀYw A\n-Ýn-Xw -X-s¶-bmbn Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p. 71-þmw kqàhpw ASp-¯Xpw Htc Ihn-bpsS cN-\-I-fm-Wv. XoÀ¨-bmbpw kam-\-amb Dt±-iy-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn- b-hbpw kam-\-amb kt¦-X-§-fp-]-tbm-Kn-¨-h-bp-am-Wv. cp kqà-§fpw an{Xm-h-cp-W-·msc t\s-c b-Ú-¯n- te¡pw tkma-]m-\-¯n-\p-ambn £Wn-¡p-¶-h-bpam-Ip-¶p. 72-þmw kqà-w an{Xm-h-cp-W-·msc t\sc -b-Ú-¯n-te¡pw tkma-]m-\-¯n-\p-ambn £Wn-¡p--¶p (1). cn tZh-X-I-fpsS t]cv ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶n-Ã. 73-þmw kqà-¯nssâ tI{µ-{]-tabw Aizn-I-fpsS bm{X-bm-Wv. temIw apgp-h³ hebw sN¿p-¶Xpw Ihn- bp-sS bÚ¯n-te-¡p-ÅXpamb bm{X. 1þ2 ]Zy-§Ä Aizn-Isf AhÀ ASpt¯m AI-setbm Fhn-sS-bm- bmepw Xsâ bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm³ £Wn-¡p-¶p. ASp-¯-Xmbn Ihn Ah-cpsS AÛp-X-I-c-amb tXcnsâ hÀW-\-bn-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. AhcpsS tXcnsâ Hcp N{Iw bÚm-án-bm-sW¶v hymJym-\n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p (3). atä N{Iw kqcy³ (4). Cu tXcp-]-tbm-Kn-¨mWv Aizn-IÄ temIw apgp-h³ Npän k©-cn-¡p-¶Xpw bÚ-¯n- te¡p hcp-¶-Xpw. 5þ6 ]Zy-§Ä NqSn-s\-¸-än-bm-Wv þ {]]-©¯nsâbpw bÚ¯n-sâ-bp-amb NqSn-s\-¸-än. B\p-jw-Kn-I-ambn kqcy Aizn-I-fpsS tXcn Ib-dp-¶Xpw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. 7þ8 ]Zy-§-Ä Ahy-à-am-Wv. kam-]-\-]-Zy-§Ä tI{µm-i-b-¯nsâ `wKy-´-tc-W-bpÅ BhÀ¯-\w-X-s¶. Aizn-IÄ Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶v Ihn AÛp-X-s¸-«p-sImv 74-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶p (1). AhÀ aäp P\-§-tfm-sSm-¸-am-bn-cn-¡ptam? (2). AsÃ-¦n Btcm-sSm-¸-amWv AhÀ k©-cn-¡p-¶p-m-hpI? (3). Ihn AhÀ A{Xn-bpsS ASp-t¯¡p hcp-sa¶v B{K-ln-¡p-¶p. 6þmw ]Zy-¯n Hcn-¡Â¡qSn Ihn Aizn-I-fpsS {i² £Wn-¡p-¶p. BcpsS {]tNm-Zn-X-I-hn-Xbpw bÚ-§-fp-amWv Aizn-Isf BIÀjn-¡p-¶-sX¶v XpSÀ¶p tNmZn- ¡p¶p (7). A\-´cw Xsâ- A-Sp-t¯¡p hc-W-sa¶`yÀYn-¡p¶p (8-þ10). Ah-km-\-]-Zyw- B-Zy-]-Zys¯ {]Xn- [z-\n-¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu kqà-¯nepw CS-bv¡pÅ ]Zy-§-fn Ahy-à-X-bp-v. 75-þmw kqà-¯n cp {]ta-b-§Ä {]m[m\yw hln-¡p-¶p. H¶v, BZys¯ ]Zy-¯nsâ XpS-¡-¯n Adn-bn¨ Aizn-I-fpsS tXcv. AXv tZh-·msc bÚ-Ø-e-t¯¡p sImp-h-cp-¶p. atä-Xv, Ihn-bpsS hnfn. kqà-¯nse ]Ã-hn-bpsS Bi-bw. cpw ASp¯v _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶-h-bm-Wv. Ihn-bpsS kvXpXn-bpsS Dt±iyw Aizn-Isf Ah-cpsS tXcn bÚ-`q-an-bn-te¡p hcp-¯p-I-bm-W-tÃm. cmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn, tXcv Aizn- Isf t\Sp-sa-¶-h-Im-i-s¸-Sp¶ aäp bP-am-\-·m-cpsS kqà-§sf adn-I-S-¶p-sImv Cu bÚ-¯n-te-¡p-Xs¶ hcp-¶-Xmbn k¦-ev]n-¡p-¶p. kqàw Aizn-Isf Ihn-bpsS t\À¡p \bn-¡p-¶-Xp-sImv Ihn-bpsS i_vZw tXcn-se-¯p-Ibpw (4) Ihn-bpsS Nn´ Aizn-I-fpsS IpXn-c-Isf \pI-¯n sI«p-Ibpw (6) sN¿p-¶p. Ggmw ]Zy-¯n Aizn-Isf IpdpsI hcp-¶-Xn\p hnfn-¡p-¶p. Cu `mK¯n hyà-X-¡pdh\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p. GXm- bm-epw -tZ-h-·mÀ aäp-Å-h-cpsS kqà-§-fmepw bÚ-§-fmepw hio-I-cn-¡-s¸-«p-t]m-I-cp-sX¶pw Ihn-bpsS hnfn tI«p-sImv Cu bÚ-¯n-te-¡p-Xs¶ hc-W-sa¶pw hopw A`yÀYn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]n¡m-e-b-Ú-¯n sshIp-t¶cw A[z-cyphpw klm-bn-Ifpw {]hÀKy-]m{Xw NqSm-¡p-¶-Xn\p Aánsb hoith tlmXmhv 76-þmw kqàw sNmÃp-¶p. H¶mw ]Zyw t\cn«v {]hÀKy-IÀa-¯n Aizn-IÄ¡p NpSp-]mÂl- hnÊÀ¸n¡p-¶-Xns\ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. kqàw-Xs¶ {]`m-X-amWv sNmÃp¶ ka-b-sa¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p-v. ka-b-amWv kqà-¯nsâ tI{µ{]ta-bw. Ct¸mÄ Aizn-IÄ kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (2). Ct¸mÄ lhn-ÊÀ¸Ww Aizn-I-fn-te¡p hym]n¸n-¨n-cn-¡p¶p (3). AiznIÄ cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw FÃm ka-b¯pw hcm-dp-Å-Xp-sImv, kvXpXn¡pw lhn-Ên\pw AhÀ {]Xn-I-cn-¡Ww (2, 3). Ct¸m-gs¯ lhn-ÊÀ¸-Whpw Aizn-I-fpsS FÃm-bvt¸m- gp-apÅ km¶n-[yhpw ImcWw Ihn ""Ct¸m-gs¯ klm-b-¯n\v'' Aizn-Isf {]Xo-£n-¡p¶p (5). ka-b-¯n- se-¶-t]mse Øe-¯nepw Ihn \njvIÀjn-¡p-¶p-v. Aizn-IÄ ""Chn-tS¡p bm{X sN¿-Ww'' (1, 3). Ahn-sS- bmWv AhÀ kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv (2). Imc-Ww, CXm-W-h-cpsS Øew þ hoSpw hmk-Øm-\hpw hk- Xnbpw (4). ^ew: k¼¯pw ku`m-Kyhpw Chn-sS-bm-hpw (5). ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸m-se- 77-þmw kqàhpw A{XncNn-Xhpw AtX hr¯hpw A´n-a-]-Zyhpw DÅ-Xp-am-Wv. Aizn-I-fp-sS- tX-cn-s\- C-hnsS bÚ-t¯m-Sp-]-an-¡p-Itbm XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-t]m-eptam sN¿p-¶p. Aizn-I- fp-sS- B-K-a-\-ap-lqÀ¯s¯¸än Ihn¡p khn-ti-j-amb D¡-WvT-bm-Wv. {]mXx-Im-e¯p bm{X-sN-¿p-¶-h-cm- W-hÀ. kvtXm{Xhpw lhnÊpw bYm-k-abw \ÂI-W-sa¶v Ihn¡p \njvIÀj-bp-v. hfsc t\ct¯ \ÂIn- bm Ccp-«m-bn-cn-¡pw. sshIp-t¶cw sXämb ka-b-hp-am-Ip-¶p (2). cmhnse sshIn-bm ""A\p-Zm-c-\mb ]cp´v'' ht¶-¡mw. km[m-cW kwhn-[m-\-a-\p-k-cn¨v IqSp-X ]Zy-§-fpÅ kqà-§Ä Ipd-¨p-Å-h-bv¡p-ap³]n hcm-dn-Ã. ]t£, H³]Xp ]Zy-§-fpÅ 78-þmw kqàw A©p ]Zy-§-fpÅ kqà-¯n-s\-¯p-SÀ¶v h¶n-cn-¡-bm-Wv. Cu s]mcp-¯-t¡Sv kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv, Cu kqàw ]n¶oSp Iq«n-t¨À¡-s¸-«tXm {]tXy-I-kq-à-§Ä tNÀ¶ Hcp kwbp-àtam BWn-sX-¶-Xm-Wv. cq]-]-c-ambpw {]ta-b-]-c-ambpw CXv Hcp kwbp-à-am-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. ]Zy- §-fn Ak-a-ambn hoXn-¡-s¸« aq¶p hyXykvX-hr-¯-§-fmWo kqà-¯n {]tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xv. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä Aizn-I-sf-tkm-a-k-h-\-¯n-te¡p £Wn-¡p-¶p. Ch aq¶pw Htc hr¯-¯n-em-Wv. Ch aq¶pw Aizn-Isf hnfn-¡p-¶-hbpw Htc ]Ã-hn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-bp-am-Wv. Ah A§s\ ]c-kv]-c-_-²-amb Hcp JWvU- am-sW¶p ]d-bmw. Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§fpw AXp-t]mse Htc hr¯-¯n-ep-Å-h-bm-Wv. DNn-X-amb ka- b¯v inip-{]-k-h-w kpK-a-am-¡m-\pÅ at{´m]-tZ-i-am-W-Xv. Ggmw ]Zyw Ipªnsâ AÑ-s\bpw F«v Ipªn- s\-¯-s¶bpw H³]Xv Aizn-I-sftbm inip-{]-k-hs¯ klm-bn-¡p¶ aäp iàn-I-sftbm kwt_m-[\ sN¿p- ¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. a[y-`m-K-¯pÅ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä 1þ3 ]Zy-§-fnse hnfn-bnÂ\n¶p 7þ9 ]Zy-§-fnse at{´m-]- tZ-i-¯n-te-¡pÅ kw{I-a-W-a-t{X. \memw ]Zyw am{X-amWv {Xnjyp¸phr¯-¯n-ep-Å-Xv. Aizn-Isf hcm³ ]d- bp-¶-Xm-W-Xv; ]t£, tkma-k-h-\-¯-\-Ã, klmbw sImp-h-cm-\m-Wv. A{Xn-bpsS hnj-am-hØ Ipªv ]pd¯p hcm-\pÅ KÀ`nWnbpsS Ah-Ø-t]m-se-bm-Wv. 5þ6 ]Zy-§Ä k]vX-h-{[n-bp-tS-Xp-t]m-se-bm-Ip-¶p. hnj-a- ¯nÂs¸« Xs¶ klm-bn-¡-W-sa¶mWv Abm-fpsS Aizn-I-tfm-SpÅ At]-£. CXpw inip-{]-kh-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. \nÀWm-b-I-ambn Nm©-ey-w IqSmsX `uXn-I-t\-«-¯n tI{µo-I-cn-¨p-sIm-pÅXmWv 79-þmw kqàw. {]mXx- k-h-\-¯n Z£nW Ignªv tZhn-bmb DjÊv ]e-t¸mgpw k¼-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Zm\hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«p-Im-Wp- ¶p. ]t£, Ct¸mÄ tZhn-bpsS aäp hi-§-fn hfsc Ipdt¨ {i²n-¡-s¸-S-p¶p-Åq. ""kpPmtX Aiz-kq- \rtX'' (Ip-Xn-c-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn DZm-c-bmb kpPmtX!) F¶ ]ÃhnbpsS kzcw hÀ[am-\-amb aSp-¸p-f-hm-¡p¶p. BZy-]-Zy-§-fn [mcmfw c£n-Xm-¡-fpsS t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-bpIbpw (1-þ3) s]mXp-hn c£n-Xm-¡Ä Dj-ÊnÂ\n¶p sImÅ-ap-X Ihn-IÄ¡p ]p\Àhn-X-cWw sN¿p-¶-Xn-\p-thn kzoI-cn-¡-sa¶p Ihn {]Xo-£n-¡p-Ibpw (4- þ8) sN¿p-¶p. Dj-Ênsâ kuµ-cy-¯n-epÅ ]Xn-hp-{i-², Ah-fpsS BZys¯ BhnÀ`m-hw, Ah-fpsS bm{X, ]ip¡Ä apX-em-bhsbm¶pw Cu kqà-¯n-en-Ã. 9þmw ]Zy-¯nse Hcp _nw_-I-ev]-\-sImp Ihn Xr]vXn-s¸- Sp-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. A\p-{I-a-Wo-Im-c³ 80-þmw kqà-¯nsâ Ihn ap³kq-à-¯nsâ Ihn-X-s¶-bm-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw AXnÂ\n¶p kzc-¯n XnI¨pw hn`n-¶-am-Wv. Dj-Ên\p k¼-¯p-am-bpÅ _Ôw 3þmw ]Zy-¯n hnh-cn-¡p- ¶p. ]t£, Ah-fpsS bm{X-bmWv (1-þ3) tI{µ-_n-µp. ]n¶oSv Cu eLp-kq-à-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯n (4-þ6) Ah-fpsS icockuµcyw at\m-l-c-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-I-fn hÀWn-¡p-¶p. AXm-I-s«, {]Imiw IqSp-t´mdpw {ItaW shfn-s¸-Sp-¶p. A\p-{I-a-Wo-Im-c³ 81-þDw ASp¯ kqàhpw khn-Xm-hn\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«hbpw Cu aWvU-e-¯nse acp-Õq-à-k-©-b-¯nsâ Ihn-bmb iymhmiz-\mWv Ch-bp-sSbpw Ihn-sb¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. Ihn-bpsS t]cv 5þmw ]Zy-¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-v. ]t£, khn-Xm-sh¶ hnjbw acp-¯p-¡-fp-sS-b{X Ihnsb Hu¶-Xy-¯n- te-s¡-¯n-¨n-söp tXm¶p-¶p. kqàw khn-Xm-hns\ Hcp {]]-©-i-àn-bmbpw (2-þ5) aÀ¯yÀ¡v A`n-hr-²n- IÄ \ÂIp-¶-h\pw Ihn-bp-ambpw (1-þ2) Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. 82-þmw kqàw kwL-Sn-¸n-¡p-t¼mÄ khn-Xri_vZ-¯nsâ kq (t{]-cn-¸n-¡p-I) [mXp-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« ÇnjvS-{]-tbmKw Ihn kaÀY-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-¨n-«p-v. {]kvXp-X-kq-à-¯n Cu [mXp-hn-Â-\n¶p \njv]-¶- amb {Inbm-cq-]tam \ma-cq-]tam Bb F«p {]tXy-I-cq-]-§Ä Dv. khn-Xm-hns\ `K-\p-ambn XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp- ¯pIbpw sN¿p-¶p-. `K³ {]tXy-I-tZ-h-X-bmbn ]e-t¸mgpw {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p-v. ]t£, Cu cp tZh-X- Ifpw ]c-kv]cw _¼vs]-«mWv s]mXp-hn hcm-dv. ]ÀP-\y³ (C-Sn-ap-g-¡w) tZh-X-bmb aq¶p kqà-§tf EtKzZ-¯n-ep-Åq. Cu a-t\m-l-c-amb 83-þmw kqà- ¯nse an¡ `mK-§fpw Cu aWvU-e-¯nse acp-Õq-à-§sf HmÀan-¸n-¡pw; Ihn Ah-bp-tS-X-sÃ-¦n-epw. ChnsS Bdmw ]Zy-¯n acp-¯p-¡sf kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p-p-Xm-\pw. sImSp-¦m-änsâ iànbpw IqsS-h-cp¶ ag-I- fpsS A`o-jvS-^-e-§fpw IeÀ¶p-sImv DÖz-e-amb _nw_-Iev]\-I-tfmsS, Nnte-S¯v kzev]w ssewKn-I-¨p- h-tbm-sS, Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ap³kq-à-¯n-sâ- I-hn-bpsS t]cn-epÅ 84-þmw kqàw AXnsâ ]qc-I-am-Ip-¶p. Hcp-Xcw {]tl-fn-I-bm- WnXv: BZys¯ ]Zyw `qansb kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. cm-a-t¯Xv Hcp kv{Xnsb. AXn ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸- Sp¶ Hcp khn-ti-jXbpw `qan¡p tNcp-¶Xmbn tXm¶p¶n-Ã. cmw ]Zy-¯nse IS-¦-Ybv¡v A\p-hm-N-IÀ D¯cw Is-¯p-¶n-sÃ-¦n aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n AXp ImWmw. 85-þmw kqàw ]e-t¸mgpw {]iw-kn-¡-s¸-«-Xm-Wv. Imc-Ww, CXv krjvSn-tZ-h-s\¶pw (1-þ6) a\p-jy-cpsS Ipä- §Ä s]mdp-¡p¶ tZh-s\¶papÅ (7-þ8) \ne-bn hcp-W-sâ DZm-¯-ZÀi\w Bhn-jvI-cn-¡p¶p. ]t£, hcp- Wsâ Cu cp hi-§fpw X½n-epÅ _Ô-sa-´mWv? Ihn Cu cp-h-i-§fpw X½n _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶p-v. {]m]-©n-I-X-e-¯n hcp-W³ kqcy-\p-Io-gn-epÅ temI-s¯bpw (1) A´-co-£-s¯bpw (2) -ap-gph³ hym]n- ¸n-¡p-¶p. Ah³ ag s]¿n-¡p-Ibpw (3-þ4) \Zn-Isf {]h-ln-¸n-¡p-Ibpw (9) sN¿p¶p. [mÀan-I-X-e-¯n P\- §-fpsS tZmj-{]-hÀ¯\w A\yYm krjvSn-¡p¶ N§-e-IÄ Agn-¨phnSp-¶p (8). A§s\ kqàw apgp-h³ hcp-W-\maw B[n-]Xyw sNep-¯p¶p þ Bdmw ]Zysamgn-sI. AhnsS hc-Wsâ t]cn-Ã. aäp ]e Imc-W-§- fmepw Cu ]Zyw Iq«-¯n tNcm-¯-Xm-sW¶ A`n-{]mbw {]_-e-a-t{X. EtKz-Z-¯nse `qcn-]£w kqà-§fpw atäXp tZh-t\-¡mfpw Aánbpw C{µ\pw shtÆ-sd-bmbn kzoI-cn- ¡p¶ps¦nepw AhÀ¡p At\ym\yw km¦-ev]n-I-amtbm bÚ-]-c-amtbm Imcy-am-sbm¶pw sN¿m-\n-Ã. GXm\pw kqà-§tf AhÀ¡n-cp-hÀ¡pw-IqSn kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Åq. DÅ-S-¡-¯n Xmc-X-tay\ \nÊm-c-am-W- h.- A-sÃ-¦nÂ, Cu tZh-·m-cn-emsc-sb-¦nepw A\p-Iq-en-¡p-¶-h. Cu cp LS-I-§fpw 86-þmw kqà-¯n-ep-v. C{µ-s\bpw Aán-sbbpw tPmSn-bmbn hnfn-¡p-I-bmWv an¡ kqà-`m-K-§-fn-epw. _m¡n-bp-Åh C{µ-sâ- cp ho-c-IÀa-§sf hÀWn-¡p-¶p. {XnX-t\m-sSm¸w he-Kpl t`Zn-¡p-¶Xpw (\m-b-I³ C{µ-\-Ã) hr{X-]p-cm-hr-¯- hpw. A©mw aWvU-e-¯nse Cu A´n-a-kqàw (87) ]n¶oSp Iq«n-t¨À¡-s¸-«-Xm-sW¶p hyà-am-Wv. Ihn- bpsS t]cmbn ]d-bp¶ Gh-bm-a-cpXv F¶Xpw Ir{Xn-a-amb H¶m-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. Cu aW-Uve-¯nse ap³acp-Õq-à-§-fp-sS-sb-¶-t]mse Cu acp-Õq-à-¯n-sâbpw Ihn iymhmiz\msW¶ A`n-{]mbw ]WvUn- X-tem-I-¯n-ep-v. DÅ-S-¡s¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw hnjvWp-tZ-h\pw acp-¯p-Ifpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw Cu kqà-¯n Gähpw ià-ambn {]I-Sn-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. aäp Nne kqà-§-fnepw Cu _Ôw Bhn-jvI-cn-¡- s¸-«n-«p-s-¦nepw C{X {it²-b-am-bn-«p-s¶p tXm¶p-¶n-Ã. hnjvWp-hnsâ {Xnhn-{I-a-Xzw Chn-sSbpw hyà-am- Wv. kzÀK-`qay´-co-£-§Ä Af-¶-h-\m-WtÃm hnjvWp. A´-co-£-¯n hkn-¡p-¶-hcpw kzÀK-¯nepw `qan- bnepw \nc-´cw bm{X sN¿p-¶-h-cp-amWv acp-¯p-¡Ä. hnjvWp-hn-s\bpw acp-¯p-¡-sfbpw _Ôn-¸n-¡p¶ s]mXp-L-S-Ihpw CXp-X-s¶. GXmv A]qÀh-amb CXnse hr¯-¯nsâ at\m-lm-cn-Xbpw {i²n-¡-s¸-tS-- Xp-v. A©mw aWvU-ew, A³]¯ncmw kqàw iymhmiz Bt{Xb³ Ejn; 17 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w A\p-jvSp¸v (]wàn 6, 16-þ17 F¶n-hsbmgn-sI); acp-¯p- ¡Ä tZhX EtKz-Z-¯n A©mw aWvUew acp-Õq-à-§-fpsS Gähpw henb kam-lmcw (5. 52-þ61) DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. iymhm-iz Bt{X-bsâ ]¯p kqà-§Ä (52-þ61) DZm-¯-amb IhnX Xpfp-¼p-¶-h-bm-Ip-¶p. `mh-\m-ß-Ihpw ssNX-\y-h¯pw at\m-l-c-amb-b- in-ev]-`w-Kn-bp-äXpamb Ah acp-¯p-¡-fpsS cp hi-§-sfbpw Bhn-jvI-cn- ¡p-¶p. bphm-¡fpw kpµ-c-·mcpw alm-i-b-·m-cp-amb tbm²m-¡fpsS kwL-sa¶ kmaq-lym-kvXn-Xzhpw ag-bp- sSbpw sImSp-¦m-än-sâbpw aqÀ¯o-`m-h-sa¶ {]Ir-Xn{]Xn-`m-k-Xzhpw Ah-cpsS tZh-Xm-Xzhpw AhÀ a\p-jyÀ¡p \ÂIp¶ t\«-§fpw Ipd-¨p-Im-«m-sX-Xs¶ ChnsS Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ihn iymhm-iz³ Cu kam-lm-c-¯n-se- B-Zy-]-Zy-¯nsâ BZy-]m-Z-¯n¯s¶ acp-¯p-¡sf kvXpXn- ¡m³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv Ahsc s]mXp-hmb coXn-bn hnh-cn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS bÚmÀlX Dd- ¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p (1-þ5). kqà-¯nse ASp-¯ -JWvUw (6-þ13) acp-¯p-¡sf sImSp-¦m-änsâ tZh-X-sb¶ \ne-bn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. i_-fm-`-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-I-fpsS ]c-¼-cbpw `mh-\m-ß-I-ambn AhÀ¡p \ÂIp¶ hyàn-\m-a-§fpw AhnsS ImWmw (10-þ11). A\yYm Ahsc thÀXn-cn-¨-dn-bm³ {]bm-k-am-Wv. Cu JWvUw acp- ¯p-¡sf kvXpXn-¡m-³ hop-apÅ HcpZvt_m[-\-t¯msS Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ GXm\pw ]Zy- §fn (14-þ17) acp-¯p-¡Ä¡p bÚm-Z-cw-\ÂIp-¶p; Ah-cm-Is« Zm\-§tfmsS {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\- ]Zyw (17) Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bmWv þ aäpÅh-tcm-S-Ã, acp-¯p-¡-tfm-Sp-X-s¶. sXm«p-ap³]s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (15- þ16) Ihn-IÄ¡p Zm\-§Ä \ÂIp-¶-h-sc¶ \nebv¡v kqcn-IÄ (c-£n-Xm-¡Ä) F¶v Ahsc hnti-jn-¸n-¨n-«p- ap-v. 1. {] iym-hmiz [rjvWpbmÀ¨m acpÛn-cr-Iz`nx tX At{Zm-L-a-\p-jz[w {ithm aZ´n bÚnbmx iymhmiz tb {ihx A\p-jz[w iymhm-iz³ kvXpXn-Itfm-Sp-Iq-Snbhcpw {]Ir-X-a-\p-k-cn-¨pXs¶ bÚnbmx At{ZmLw aZ´n bÚmÀlcpw ad-¨p-sh¡m-\m-hmsX B\-µn-¡p-¶-h-cp-amb acpÛnx [rjvWpbm EIz`nx {] AÀ¨ acp-¯p-¡-sf [oc-ambn E¡p-IÄsImv \¶mbn kvXpXn -¨mepw. 2. tX ln Ønc-ky i-hkx kJm bx k´n [rjvWpbm -tX bma¶m [rj-Zzn\kvß\m ]m´n iizXx ln tX Øncky ihkx Imc-Ww, AhÀ Dd¨ Icp¯p-Å [rjvWpbm kJmbx k´n [oc-cmb kJm-¡fmWv. tX bma³ B [rjZvhn\x AhÀ bm{X-bn [occpw Xva\m iizXx ]m´n kzbw X§-tfm-tcm-cp-¯-s\bpw kwc-£n-¡p-¶-h-cp-a-t{X. 3. tX kv]{µmtkm t\m£tWmXnjvI-µ´n iÀhcox acpXma[m atlm Znhn £am N a·tl tX kv]{µmkx D£Wx \ AhÀ, Hgp-Ip¶ Imf-I-sf-t¸m-se, iÀh-cox AXn kvIµ´n cm{Xn-IÄ¡p IpdpsI k©cn-¡p-¶p. A[ Znhn £am N At¸mÄ, kzÀK-¯nepw `qan-bnepapÅ acpXmw alx a·tl acp-¯p-¡-fpsS iànsb¸än R§Ä Nn´n-¡p-¶p. 4. acpÕp thm Z[o-a-ln- kvtXmaw bÚw N [rjvWpbm hntiz tb am\pjm bpKm ]m´n aÀ¯yw cnjx acpÕp hx kvtXmaw bÚw N acp-¯p-¡-fmb \n§fn R§-fpsS kvXpXnbpw bÚhpw [rjvWpbm Z[o-aln [oc-ambn Øm]n-¡p¶Xm-Wv. tb hntiz am\p-jm- bpKm Ah-sc-Ãm-h-cpw- am-\p-j-(Po-hn-X)bp-K-§-fn-eqsS aÀ¯yw cnjx ]m´n aÀ¯ys\ D]-{Z-h-¯nÂ\n¶p c£n-¡p-¶p. 5. AÀlt´m tb kpZm-\thm \tcm Akmanihkx {] bÚw bÚn-tb-t`ym- Znthm AÀ¨m acpÛyx tb kpZm-\hx AÀl´x Akm-an-i-hkx \à Zm\-§Ä sN¿p¶ AÀl-cpw ]m-Xn-¡-cp-¯-c-Ãm-¯ -h-cpw- \cx bÚn-tb`yx Znhx- a-cpÛyx bÚw {] AÀ¨ D¶-X-]p-cp-j-·mcpw bÚmÀl-cpamb kzÀK -¯nse acp-¯p¡sf bÚw- sImp kvXpXn-¨mepw! 6. B cpIvssa-cm-bp[m \cx Ejzm EjvSo-c-kr-£X At\z-\m-\l hnZyptXm acptXm PQvP-Xo-cnh `m\p-cÀ¯ ß\m Znhx B Ejzmx \cx cpIvssax ChnsS Kw`o-c-·m-cmb D¶-X-]pcp-j·mÀ HuÖz-ey-§-tfm-SpIqSn bp[m B EjvSox Akr-£X bp²k¶-²-cmbn X§-fpsS Ip´-§-Ä Nm«p-¶p. G\m³ A\p Al acp-Xx- Ah-sc- A-\p-K-an-¨p-sImv, acp-¯p-¡sf PPvvQXox Ch hn-ZypXx Ipep§n¨n-cn-¡p¶ (bph-Xn-Isf¶-)t]m-se, an¶Â¸n-W-cp-IÄ (h¶p). Znhx `m\px ß\m AÀ¯ kzÀK¯nsâ {]Im-iw-Xs¶ ]pd¯ph¶p. 7. tb hmhr-[-´ ]mÀYnhm b Dcm-h-´-cn£ B hrPt\ hm \Zo\mw k[tØ hm atlm Znhx tb B ]mÀYnhmx tb Dcu A´-cnt£ AhÀ ChnsS `qan-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸«pw hnim-e-amb A´ -co-£-¯nepw \Zo-\mw -hr-Pt\ hm alx Znhx k[tØ hm hhr-[-´ \Zo-Xo-c¯pw al-¯mb kzÀK¯nsâ Ccn -¸n-S-¯nepw ià-ambn hf-cp¶p. 8. iÀt[m -am-cp-X-ap-Ñwk kXy-i-h-k-ar-`zkw DX kva tX ipt`- \cx {] kv]{µm bpPX ß\m kXy-i-hkw E`zkw bYmÀY-amb Icp-¯p-Å-hcpw \nÀam-W-Ip-i-e-cp-amb amcpXw iÀ[x DZv iwk acp-¯p-¡-fpsS kwLs¯ hmgv¯nbmepw! DX kva \cx tX -kv]{µmx D¶-X-]p-cp-j-·m-cmb AhÀ Acp-hn-I-sf-t¸mse Hgp-Ip-¶-hcpw ipt` ß\m {] bpPX `wKn-¡p-thn kzbw \pI¯n sI«-s¸-«-h-cp-at{X. 9. DX kva tX ]cpjvWymaqÀWm hkX ipÔyhx DX -]hym cYm-\m-a{Znw `nµt´ym-Pkm DX kva tX ipÔyhx ]cpjvWymw am{X-a-Ã, AhÀ kzbw sIm¯n-hr-¯n-bm-¡p-¶ -Ip-f-t¡m-gn -Isf-t¸mse ]cq-jvWo(\-Zn)bn DuÀWmx hkX DX cYm\mw ]hym tcma-¯n (\pcbnÂ) s]mXn-bpIbpw X§-fpsS tXÀ¨-{I -¸-«-tbm-Sp-IqSn HmPkm A{Znw -`n-µ´n AhÀ iàn-tbm-sS- ine ]nfÀ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. 10. B]-Y-tbm -hn-]-Ytbm´kv]Ym A\p-]Ymx GtX-`nÀalyw \ma-`nÀbÚw hnjvSmc HmltX B]-Ybx hn]-Ybx A´x-]-Ymx hgn-bn-ep-Å-hÀ, hgn¡p ]pd-¯p-Å-hÀ, hgn-¡-I-¯p-Å-hÀ, A\p-]Ymx GtX`nx \ma`nx hgn-tbm-sSm-¸--ap-Å-hÀ þ Cu t]cp-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn alyw bÚw hnjvSmcx HmltX AhÀ F\n¡p-thn bÚw hln-¨p ]c-¶p-\n-dªv kzbw ho¼nf¡p¶p. 11. A[m \tcm-t\ym-l-tX[m \nbpX HmltX A[m ]mcm-hXm CXn Nn{Xm cq]mWn ZÀiymx A[ \n HmltX \cx ]n¶oSv AhÀ kzbw ho¼p ]dbp¶p: ""a\p-jytc! hcq!'' A[ HmltX \nbpXx ]n¶oSv AhÀ kzbw ho¼p ]dbp¶p: ""kwL-§tf!'' A[ ]mcm-hXmx CXn ]n¶oSv: ""Zqsc-\n-¶p-Å-hÀ!'' F¶v. cq]mWn Nn{Xm ZÀiymx Ah-cpsS DÖz-e-cq-]-§Ä ZÀi-\o-b-§-fm-Ip-¶p. 12. Oµx-kvXp`x Ip`-\yh DÕam IocntWm \rXpx tX ta tINn¶ Xm-b-h- Duam Bk³ Zrin Xzntj OµxkvXp`x Ip`-\yhx IocnWx Xmf-¯n kvXpXn-¨pw shÅ-an-Ñn-¨p-wsIm-v, AhÀ \nÊm-c·msc -t¸m-se, DÕw B \rXpx kph-k-´-¯n-te¡p IpXn-c¨m«w NmSp¶p. tX tINnZv ta Xmbhx \ Ahcn NneÀ F\n¡v, IÅ-·m-sc-t¸m-se, (Bcv Bsc Adn -bp¶psh-s¶m¶pw thÀXn-cn-¨-dn-bm-\m-hp-¶n-Ã). Duamx Zrin Xzntj Bk³ ]t£, klm-bn-IÄ, At¸mÄ, Fsâ Imgv¨-bn an¶m³ h¶p. 13. b Ejzm EjvSn-hn-ZypXx Ihbx k´n th[kx Xartj amcpXw KWw \akym cabm Kncm tb EjvSn-hn-ZypXx Ejzmx an¶Â¸n-W-cp-IÄt]m-epÅ Ip´-§-tf-´nb B Kw`o-c-·mÀ Ihbx th[kx k´n EjnI-hn-Ifpw bÚ-hn-Z-Kv[-cp-a-t{X. Etj Xw amcpXw KWw \aky Kncm cabm Etj! Cu acp-ZvK-W-¯n\v kvXpXn-bÀ¸n-¡p-Ibpw Km\-t¯msS AXv \nÀ¯p-Ibpw sNbvXmepw! 14. AÑ Etj amcpXw KWw Zm\m an{Xw \ tbmjWm Znthm hm [rjvWh HmPkm kvXpXm [o`n-cn-j-WyX Etj tbmjWm an{Xw \ Etj! hnhm-l-¯n \ÂIs¸-Sp¶ I\yI kJmhns\ (h-c-s\) F¶ -t]m-se, Zm\m amcpXw KWw AÑ Zm\-t¯m-Sp-IqSn acp-ZvKWs¯ kao-]n-¨mepw! hm [r-jvWhx Znhx [o`nx AY-hm, [oc-·mtc! \n§Ä kzÀK-¯nÂ\n-¶p Imhy-Nn-´-Ifm kvXpXmx HmPkm Cj-WyX kvXpXn-¡-s¸-«p-sImv iàn-tbmsS IpXn-¨p-h-¶mepw! 15. \q a\zm\ Gjmw tZhm-\Ñm \ h£Wm Zm\m ktNX kqcn-`nÀbm-a-{ip-tX-`n-c-RvPn`nx \p Gjmw a\zm\x Ct¸mÄ- A-hsc hnNm-cn¨psImv h£Wm \ tZhm³ AÑ AIn-Sp-I-sf-sb-¶-t]m-se, tZh-·msc kao-]n-¡p¶ (a\p-jy³) bma-{ip-tX`nx ARvPn`nx bm{Xbnepw Ae-¦m-c-§-fmepw kqcn`nx Zm\m ktNX c£n-Xm-¡-sf¶p IoÀ¯n-t\-Snb (a-cp-¯p-¡-fneqsS) Zm\-¯m AI-¼Sn tk-hn-¡-s¸Sp¶p. 16. {] tbta _tÔztj Kmw thmN´ kqcbx ]riv\nw thmN´ amXcw A[m ]nX-c-an-jvanWw cp{Zw thmN´ inIzkx ta Kmw {] thmN´ F\n¡p ]ipsh Xcm-sa¶p ]dª inIzkx kqcbx _tÔztj hnZ-Kv[-cmb c£n-Xm-¡Ä hwim-hen tXSn ]riv\nw amXcw thmN´ ]riv\nsb X§-fpsS A½sb¶pw A[ CjvanWw cp{Zw ]nXcw thmN´ ]ns¶ As¼-bv¯p-Im-c-\mb cp{Z-s\ AÑs\¶pw hnfn-¨p. 17. k]vX ta k]vX imIn\ GI-ta-Im-iXm ZZpx bap-\m-bm-a-[n-{ipXap{Zmt[m Khyw artP \ncmt[m Aizyw artP imIn\x k]vX k]vX ià-cmb \mev]-s¯m³]Xp (acp-¯p-¡-fp-sS) KW-w GIw GIm ta iXm ZZpx Hmtcm-cp-¯cpw Hmtcm-s¶¶ coXnbn \qdp-IW-¡n F\n¡p X¶p. bap-\mbmw A[n {ipXw tIfn-tI« bap-\m(-\-Zn-)-bn Khyw cm[x DZv artP Aizyw cm[x \n artP Rm³ ]ip-¡-fpsSbpw IpXn-c-I-fp-sSbpw cq]-¯n -epÅ sImÅ-apX-ep-IÄ DbÀ¯nbpw Xmgv-¯nbpw Xmtem-en-¡p-¶p. A©mw aWvU-ew, Adp]¯naq¶mw kqàw AÀ¨-\m-\kv Bt{Xb³ Ejn; 7 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w PKXn; an{Xmhcp-W·mÀ tZhX -ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse CXpw ag-bv¡pÅ A`yÀY-\-X-s¶. CSn-bpw- an-¶-ep-apÅ hÀj-¯nsâ i_-fm-`-am- sbmcp hÀW\ CXn-epv (5, 6). 1, 4 ]Zy-§-fn B ag hcp-¶-Xnsâ Nn{Xo-I-c-W-am-Wv. an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cp-sS- am- b-sb-¸än [mcmfw ]cm-aÀi-§Ä ImWmw (3, 4, 6, 7). cmP-Xzhpw amb-bpw-Iq-Sn- tNÀ¶v agsb \nb-{´n-¡m-\pÅ iàn AhÀ¡v ssIh-cp-¯p-¶p. AhÀ k{am-«pIfm-sW¶pw ]d-bp-¶pv (2, 3). 1. EXky tKm]m-h-[n-Xn-jvTtYm cYw kXy-[ÀamWm ]cta thyma\n ba{X an{Xm-h-cp-Wm-htYm bphw Xkvssa hrjvSnÀa-[p-aXv ]n\ztX Znhx EXky tKm]u kXy-[ÀamWm kXy-¯nsâ CS-bcpw kXy-[Àam¡fpam-b an{Xm-h-cpWm ]cta thyma\n an-{Xm-h-cp-W-·mtc! Gähpw AI-se-bpÅ kzÀK-¯n cYw- A[n XnjvTYx \n§-fn-cp-hcpw tXcn \n¡p-¶p. A{X bphw bw AhYx Xkvssa ChnsS \n§-fn-cp-hcpw klm-bn¡p-¶-hs\ Znhx a[p-aZv hrjvSnx ]n\ztX kzÀK-¯nÂ\n¶pÅ a[pk-ar-²-amb ag t]mjn¸n-¡p-¶p. 2. k{am-Pmky `ph-\ky cmPtYm an{Xm-h-cpWm hnZtY kzÀZrim hrjvSnw hm cmt[m Aar-X-Xz-ao-atl Zymhm-]r-Ynho hn Nc´n X\yhx an{Xm-h-cpWm kwcmPm kzÀZrim an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mtc! kmÀh-`u-a-·m-cmb cmPm-¡-·m-sc¶ \ne-bn kqcy-k-Zr-icmb \n§-fn-cp-hcpw Aky `ph-\ky hnZtY cmPYx Cu Poh-tem-Is¯ AXnsâ hn`m-K-§-fn `cn-¡p-¶p. hmw hrjvSnw Aar-XXzw cm[x Cuatl R§Ä \n§-tfmSv ag-sb, Aar-X-Xz-s¯, Zm\ambn A`yÀYn-¡p -¶p. Zymhm-]r-Ynho X\yhx hn Nc´n kzÀK-¯nepw `qan-bn-ep-ap-S-\ofw CSn hym]n-¡p-¶p. 3. k{amPm D{Km hrj`m Znh-kv]Xo ]rYnhym an{Xm-h-cpWm hnNÀjWo Nnt{X-`n-c-ss{`-cp] XnjvTtYm chw Zymw hÀj-btYm Akp-cky ambbm k{amPu D{Km -hr-j`m k{am-«p-Itf! Icp-¯cmb Imf-Itf! Znh-x ]rYnhymx ]Xo kzÀK-¯n-sâbpw `qan-bp-sSbpw {]`p¡tf! hnNÀj-Wo -an-{Xm-h-cpWm AXn-cp-I-f-dn-bm¯ an{Xm-h-cp-W·mtc! Nnt{X`nx Ass{`x chw D] XnjvTYx \n§-fn-cp-hcpw Xnf§p¶ taL-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb KÀP-\s¯ kao -]n-¡p-¶p. Akp-cky ambbm Zymw hÀj-tbYx \n§Ä {]`p-hn-sâ am-b-sImv kzÀK-a-g-bp-m-¡p-¶p. 4. ambm hmw an{Xm-h-cpWm Znhn {inXm kqtcym tPymXn-Ý-cXn Nn{X-am-bp[w Xa-t{`W hrjvSym KqltYm Znhn ]ÀP\ym {Z]vkm a[p-a´ CuctX an{Xm-h-cpWm hmw ambm Znhn {inXm an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mtc! \n§fpsS amb kzÀK-¯n hn{i-an¨XmWv. \n kp kz] \¶mbn Dd-§nbmepw! 5. kkvXp amXm kkvXp ]nXm kkvXp izmk-kvX-phn-iv]Xnx kk´p kÀth ÚmXbx kkvXz-b-a-`ntXm P\x amXm kkvXp ]nXm kkvXp A½ Dd-§s«; Aѳ Dd-§s«; izm kkvXp hniv]Xnx kkvXp \mb Dd-§s«; tKm{X-{]`p Dd-§s«; kÀth ÚmXbx kk´p FÃm _Ôp-¡fpw Dd-§s«; A`nXx Abw P\x kkvXp Npän-ep-apÅ Cu P\-§Ä Dd§s«! 6. b BkvtX bÝ NcXn bÝ ]iyXn t\m P\x tXjmw kw lt·m A£mWn btYZw lÀayw XYm bx BkvtX bx N NcXn \nÝ-e-ambn Ccn-¡p-¶-h\pw Aeªp-\-S-¡p-¶-h\pw bx N P\x \x ]iyXn R§sf t\m¡p¶ P\-§fpw tXjmw A£mWn kw l· þ A-h-cp-sS-sbÃmw I®p-IÄ Rm³ AS-bv¡p-¶p. CZw lÀayw bYm XYm Cu amfn-I-sb-t¸mse! 7. kl-{kirwtKm hrjt`m bx kap-{Zm-Zp-Zm-N-cXv tX\m kl-tky\m hbw \n P\m³ kzm]-bm-akn bx kl-{k-irwKx hrj`x kap-{ZmZv DZm-N-cXv kap-{Z-¯nÂ\n-¶p-Zn-¨pbcp¶ Bbncw sIm¼pÅ Imf (N -{µ³) tX\ kl-tky\ hbw P\m³ \n kzm]-bm-akn Cu ià-t\m-Sp-IqSn R§Ä P\-§sf Dd-¡p-¶p. 8. t{]mjvtT-ibm htly-ibm \mcoÀbmkvXev]-io-hcox kv{Xntbm bmx ]pWy-K-Ômþ kvXmx kÀhmx kzm]-bm-akn bmx \mcox t{]mjvtT-ibmx apä-¯p-In-S-¡p-¶-hcpw htly-ibmx Xev]-io-hcox hml-\-¯n InS-¡p-¶-hcpw InS¡-bn InS-¡p-¶-h-cp-amb aln-f-Ifpw bmx kv{Xnbx ]pWy-KÔmx awK-ey-K-Ô-apÅ kv{XoIfpw þ Xmx kÀhmx kzm]-bm-akn Ah-sc-sbÃmw Rm³ Dd-¡p-¶p. Bdmw aWvUew `c-Zzm-P-tKm-{X-hnc-Nn-X-amb Bdmw aWvUew 75 kqà-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. CXn `qcn-]-£hpw `mc-Zzm-P- tâXpXs¶. _mÀl-kv]-Xy-\mWv At±-l-¯nsâ c£n-Xm-hmbn Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. apgp-h³ Aán-kq-à-§fpw (1-þ16), an¡ C{µ-kq-à-§fpw (17-þ30, 37-þ43), ]qj-kq-à-§Ä (53-þ60), aWvU-em-´y-¯nse ]e tZh-X-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« kqà-§Ä (61-þ74)- F-¶nh AXn DÄs¸-Sp-¶p. C{µ-kq-à-§-fpsS A´y-¯n-epÅ kwbp-à- kq-à-§Ä (44-þ46, 48) iayp _mÀl-kv]-Xy-\n Btcm-]n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. CXv `mc-Zzm-Psâ Hcp adp-t]-cm-hmw. Ah-ti-jn-¡p¶ kqà-§Ä `c-Zzm-P]c-¼-c-bnse aäp ]e Ihn-I-fp-sS-bp-am-Ip-¶p. C{µ-kq-à-§Ä (31-þ36, 47), hniz-tZ-h-kq-à-§Ä (49-þ52), aWvUem-hkm-\-¯nse {]i-kvX-amb Bbp[-kqàw (75) -F-¶nh Ch-bn s]Spw. Aán-kq-à-§-tf-¡mÄ C{µ-kq-à-§-fmWv A[n-I-sa-¦nepw Aán-kq-à-§-fmWv Xmc-X-tay\ IqSp- X at\m-l-cw. aäv A{]-[m-\-tZ-h-Xm-kq-à-§-sf-¸än Imcy-am-sbm¶pw ]d-tb--Xn-Ã. H¶mw kqàw bÚm-án-sb-¸-än-bm-Ip-¶p. Aán- F¯n-t¨-cp-¶Xpw tlmXm-hmbn {]Xn-jvTn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw {]tXy-I-ambn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p (1-þ3). hyàn-Kr-l-¯nÂ\n¶v tKm{X-§-fn-te¡pw IpSn-tb-ä-¸mÀ¸n-S-§-fn-te¡pw a\p- jycn-te-¡p-apÅ Aán-bpsS hchv Ah-tem-I\w sN¿p¶p (4-þ8). 9þ10 ]Zy-§fn kvXpXnbpw Aán AÀln- ¡p¶ tkh-\-§-fpat{X. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä Aán-bpsS B\p-Iq-ey-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨v. cmw kqà-¯n-sâ- B-Zy-]-Ip-Xn-bn (1-þ5) 6. 1þsâ {]Xn-[z\n tIÄ¡mw. Bcy-k-aq-l-¯nse FÃm hn`m-K-§Ä¡pw (tZ-h-·mÀ¡pw) Aán th-Xp-sImv Xsâ bÚ-]-c-amb D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯-§Ä \nd-th-äp¶ a\p-jysâ hn-P-b-¯n-\p-thn Aán {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. Hmtcm ho«n-ep-ap-Å-h-s\¶ \nebv¡pw tKm{X-{]-`p- sh¶ \ne-bv¡p-apÅ Aán-bpsS {]tXy-I-]-Zhn ]cm-aÀin-¨p-sImv kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p (10-þ11). BZy- h-km-\-]-Zy-§-Ä cnepw an{X-tZ-h³ Aán-bp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. Aánsb an{X-\p-ambn ]e- t¸mgpw kmZr-iy-s¸-Sp-¯pItbm XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-Itbm sN¿m-dp-v. kzbw tZh-\m-sW-¦nepw `qan-bn a\p- jysâ AXnYn-sb¶ \ne-bn Ahsâ klm-bn-bmbpw tZh-s\¶ \ne-bn tZh-·mÀ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡p-an-S- bn bÚ-k-Jy-¯n a[y-Ø-\mbpw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xp-sImv Aán an{X-\m-W-tÃm. 6-þ9 ]Zy-§Ä Aán- bpsS km{µhpw k¦oÀW-hp-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-IÄ hcp-¶p-v. aq¶mw kqà-¯n-se- BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä \¶mbn s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw bÚ-IÀa-§Ä \¶mbn A\p- jvTn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ aÀ¯y\p hnPbw hmKvZm\w sN¿p-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ _m¡n-`m-K-§-fn (3-þ8) Ihn t\cn«v CS-s]-Sp-¶p. {]Ir-Xn-{]-Xn-`m-k-sa¶ \ne-bn Aán-bpsS at\m-l-c-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-IÄ [mcm-f-ambn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Aán-tbm-SpÅ A`yÀY-\-Itfm hnjtbm]-kw-lm-c-cq]-¯n-epÅ ]-Zytam CÃmsX kqàw s]mSp-¶-\th Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. AXv h\yhpw aZ-I-chpw ]e-t¸mgpw A¼-c-¸n-¡p-¶Xpamb IpXn-c-Ê-hm- cnbmWv, hnti-jn¨v aqe(-kw-kvIrX-)¯nÂ. ap³]s¯ cp kqà-§sf At]-£n¨v LS-\m-]-c-ambn amaqÂk-{¼-Zm-b-¯n-epÅ kqà-am-Wv \mem-a- t¯Xv. BZys¯ ]Zy-¯n FÃm-bvt¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]mse C¶p X§-fpsS bÚ-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡m\pw (1) Xsâ ]¦p hln-¡m\pw (2) Aán-tbm-S-t]-£n-¡p-¶p. Aán-¡pÅ X§-fpsS tkh-\-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw X§Ä¡p e`n-t¡ t\«-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨p-apÅ {]kvXm-h-\-tbmsS (7-þ8) kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. CS-bn-epÅ ]Zy-§Ä Aán F¶ {]Ir-Xn-{]-Xn-`m-k-¯nsâ hÀW-\-amWv (3-þ6). \nÀWm-b-I-a-Ãm¯XmWv A©mw kqàw. Ihn Xsâ ]ptcm-ln-X-kp-lr-¯p-¡Ä¡p-th-n-bmWv bÚ- a-\p-jvTn-¡p¶sX¶p ]d-bp-¶p.- Ihn Aánsb kvXpXn-¨p-sImpw km[-\-§Ä \ÂIp-¶-XpÄs¸sS Ahsâ ]¦p-IÄ hnh-cn-¨p-sImpw XpS-cp¶p (1-þ3). ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä k¶n-ln-X-cmb aÀ¯y-cpsS i{Xp-hpw Ah³ Aán-bnÂ\n¶p kzoI-cn-¡p¶ in£bpw X½nepw `à-cmb tkh-I-\pw Ah³ AÀln-¡p¶ {]Xn-^- e-§fpw X½n-ep-apÅ sshcp[yw Nqn-¡m«p¶p. C\n-bpÅ cp ]Zy-§Ä Aán-tbmSv Cu b´-§Ä XpSÀ¶pw A\p-jvTn-¡-W-sa¶v DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. Bdmw kqà-¯nsâ an¡ `mKhpw `qan¡p IpdpsI ]S-cp¶ tcmjm-Ip-e\pw \mi-Im-cn-bp-amb Aánsb Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. F¦nepw BZys¯ ]Zy-¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[w bÚ-k-µÀ`hpw Ah-km-\-]Zyw k¼-¯n-\p- thn Aán-tbm-SpÅ A`yÀY-\bpw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p-v. Ggmw kqàw sshizm-\-c-\mb Aán-¡mWv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-sX-¦nepw AXnsâ tI{µ-_nµp {]mY-an-I- ambn Ah\p tZh-·m-cp-am-bpÅ _Ô(1, 2þ4)-amWv. Ahsâ {]]-©-{]m-]vXnbpw {]]-©-hn-Úm-\o-b-i-àn- IfpambpÅ _Ôw (1, 5þ7). B hi-¯n Ah³ kqcy-\p-ambn XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p (5) þ {]tXy- In¨v Ahsâ P\-\w. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n am{Xw Aánbpw a\p-jy-cpw- X-½n-epÅ _Ôw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. F«m-a-t¯-XmWv Cu sshizm-\-c-kq-àw. Aán-sb (A-h-sâ -C-c-«-bmb-kq-cy-s\bpw) 2þ3 ]Zy-§-fn hni-Z-ambn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. H¶mw ]Zyw bÚ-k-µÀ`w ià-ambn Øm]n-¡p-¶p. ]t£, 4þmw ]Zy-¯n AXv bÚm-án-bpsS apJy-amb Øm]\¯nte¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. Ah-ti-jn-¡p¶ ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ7) B\p-Iq-ey- §Ä¡p-thn bmNn-¡p-¶p. ià-am-sbmcp \nKq-Vm-ß-I-kq-àamWv H¼-Xm-a-t¯Xv. ChnsS Ihn Imhy-c-N-\m-inev]w {]Xn-^-en¸n- ¡p-¶p. bÚm-án-bnÂ\n¶v AXnsâ cl-ky-§-fpsS shfn-]m-Sp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¨p-sImv AXv A`y-kn-¡m³ X\n¡p Ign-hptm F¶p thh-em-Xn-s¸-Sp-¶p. F¦nepw Ihn-bpsS sXmgn kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p. BZy-h-km-\-]-Zy- §Ä bÚ-k-µÀ`w hyà-am-¡p-¶p. {]mXx-Im-e-¯n-\p-ap³]v Ccp-«n Aán Pzen-¸n-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ {]Imiw `uXn-I-amb Ccp«p XpS-¨p-\o-¡p-¶p. AXv kqà-¯nsâ Ah-in-jvS-`m-K-§-fn cq]-Im-ß-I-amb {]tNm-Z-\- ambn hcpw. 2þ3 ]Zy-§Ä {]Xn-I-c-W-]-Zy-§-fm-Wv. Xsâ Imhy-in-ev]-Úm-\-¯nsâ A`mhw k½-Xn-¡p-¶p. s\bv¯nsâ cq]-I-amWv ChnsS kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Ihn-bmb AÑs\ adn-I-S-¡m-\pÅ Imhym-h-Im-in-bmb aIsâ k½ÀZ-`mcw hfsc hep-Xp-X-s¶. aq¶mw ]Zyw CXn-\pÅ {]Xn-I-c-W-am-Wv. bÚm-ánsb icn¡p a\-Ên-em-¡n- bm Imhy-inev]w ]Tn-¡mw. Cu ]Zy-¯nse Ah-km-\-]mZw Ihn¡pw Aán¡pw tNcpw. Aán-bpsS shfn-]m- SnÂ\n¶v aI³ AÑs\ AXn-i-bn-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯nepw Aán, t]À ]d-bm-sX-bm-sW-¦n-epw, Imhy-kn-²n- IÄ \ÂIp-¶-Xmbn ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ihn¡v DÄs¡m-Åm-\pÅ am\-kn-tImÀPw ""Phn-jvT-amb a\Êv'' F¶ {]tbmKw (5) kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn-bpsS AXyp-Õmlhpw Imhym-\p-`q-Xn-bp-w `mh-\-bp- saÃmw hcp-¶p. ]¯mw kqà-¯n-se- a-t\m-`m-h-§Ä ]cn-Nn-X-§-fm-Ip-¶p. bÚm-án-sb¶ \ne-bn Aán bÚ¯n Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸«v DÖz-e-ambn {]Im-in-¨p-sImv kvXpXn kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw Ihn¡pw Ah-sâ -c-£n-Xm-¡Ä¡pw A\p-{K-l-§Ä \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ccp-Iq-«À¡pw (-tZ-h-·mÀ¡pw a\p-jy-·mÀ¡pw) X\n-¡p-X-s¶bpw thn bPn-¡p¶ bP-am-\\pw tlmXr- ]p-tcm-ln-X-\p-amb Aán-bn-emWv 11-þmw kqà-¯n-ep-S-\o-f-apÅ \njvIr-jvS-amb Du¶Â. ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]mse {]Ir-Xn-{]-Xn-`m-k-amb Aán-bpsS IÀa-§sf hm¡-IÄsImp ]nSn-¡m-\pÅ {iaw Ihn-¡v Gä-h-a-[n-I-ap-m-bn-cn-¡pw. 12-þmw kqàw {]mXx-k-h-\-¯nsâ hmÀ¸p-am-Xr-I-bn-ep-sÅmcp hÀW-\-amWv. Aán-bpsS `mh-\m]qÀW-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-IÄ CS-I-eÀ¶p-h-cp-¶p-v. 13-þmw kqàw \n[n-I-fp-sSbpw A\p-{K-l-§-fp-sSbpw hnX-c-W-§-fp-sSbpw DS-a-Ø-s\¶ \ne-bn Aán- bnepw Aánsb tkhn-¡p-¶-Xn-eqsS km[-\-§Ä kzoI-cn-¡p¶ a\p-jy-cnepw tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. 14-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv kulr-Zw, DÄ¡m-gv¨, `£Ww F¶n-h-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-sW-¦nepw (1), CXv Hcp bp²-kq-à-am-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, Aán Bcy-·mÀ¡p {]tXy-I-am-bpÅ ]ptcm-ln-X-\m-Ip¶p (2). Bcy-·mÀ¡v A\m- cy-·m-cp-am-bpÅ bp²-§-fn B`y-´-c-kw-LÀj-§-fn X§-fpsS {]tXyI Bcy-hn-`m-K-¯n\v hoc-·m-scbpw hnP-b-s¯bpw tNmZn-¨p-sIm-pÅ (3-þ5) kqàw. k¼-¯p-Isf \à [mcmfw hoc-·m-cmbn cq]Ww sN¿p¶ Iev]\ 3, 5 ]Zy-§-fn ImWmw. ]s¯m³]Xp ]Zy-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb 15-þmw kqàw Htc-I-I-sa¶ \ne-bn Cu aWvU-e-¯nsâ kwhn-[m-\- ¯n AØm-\-¯m-bn-cn-¡pw. ]t£, AXv A©p kzX-{´-amb XrN-§-fmbn hn`-Pn-¨-Xp-sImv {]iv\w ]cn- l-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p þ BZys¯ 15 ]Zy-§Ä CXn\p tNcp-¶-h-bm-Wv. aäp \mep ]Zy-§Ä ]n¶oSp Iq«n-t¨À¡-s¸- «-h-bm-sW¶p {]_-e-amb A`n-{]m-b-ap-v. bÚm-án-{]-Xn-jvTbpw tZh-·mÀ¡pw- a\p-jyÀ¡pan-S-bnse ZqXs\¶ Ahsâ bÚ-¯nse ]¦v, a\p-jyÀ Ah-\p-thn A\p-jvTn-¡p¶ bÚ-tk-h\w F¶n-§-s\-bpÅ s]mXp- hmb DÅ-S-¡-¯n \nÀWm-b-I-ambn H¶p-an-Ã. Cu ZoÀL-amb 16-þmw kqàw XrN-§fn-embn kwhn-[m\w sN¿s¸-«Xv Cu aWvU-e-¯nsâ kwJym-kw-hn- [m-\-¯n\p ]äp¶ hn[-¯n-em-Wv. Aán-bpsS bÚ-]-c-amb hi-§-fn tI{µo-I-cn-¨p-sImpÅXmWv DÅ-S- ¡w. 17-þmw kqàw kmam-\y-ambn cp kam-\-`m-K-§-fmbn hn`-Pn-¨ncn¡p¶p. BZy-t¯Xv he-Kp-lm-t`-Z\w ssIImcyw sN¿p-¶p (2-þ6). cm-a-t¯-Xv, hr{X-IY (8-þ12). BZys¯ ]Zyw Cu cp ]pcm-hr-¯-§-sfbpw Hmtcm AÀ[-¯n-embn kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. cp ]pcm-hr-¯-§-sfbpw 7þmw ]Zyw thÀXn-cn-¡p-¶p. B ]Zyw s]mXp- hn C{µsâ {]m]-©n-I-IÀa-§Ä {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (13-þ15) Xsâ CtX iàn- Isf Ihn-sbbpw c£n-Xm-¡-sfbpw klm-bn-¡m³ hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xn\v DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu cv BJym- \-§fpw C{µs\ Cu cp IÀa-§fpw sN¿m³ Dt¯-Pn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn tkma-¯nsâ ]¦v Du¶n-¸-d-bp-¶p. kqàw XpS-§p-¶-Xp-Xs¶ tkma-¯nsâ Dt¯-P-IXzw \njvIÀjn-¨p-sIm-t{X (1-þ3). he-Kp-lm-t`-Z\w C{µsâ ]ip-s¯m-gp¯p Xpd-¡p-¶Xpw (2, 3) kqcys\ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xp-amb (3) IrXy-§Ä DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Cu IY At¸mÄ kw`-hn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-bmWv hnh-cn-¨-sX-¦n hr{X-IY hÀWn-¡p-¶Xv `qX-Im-e¯n \S-¶-Xp- t]m-se-bm-Ip-¶p (8, 11). C{µsâ tIhew iàn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p¶ 18-þmw kqàw Ahsâ {]tXy-I-IÀa-§-sf-sbms¡ \ng-en-em- ¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. he³ (5), hr{X³ (6, 9, 14), ]e c£-Êp-I-fp-sS- h[w (8) F¶n-h-bmWv {]m[m\yw \ÂIn hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸m-se, 19-þmw kqàw C{µsâ Icp¯pä iàn-Isf kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. Cu iàn-IÄ Ihn Xsâ Bfp-IÄ¡p-thn D]-tbm-Kn-¡m³ C{µs\ DZvt_m[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. i{Xp-¡sf \in-¸n-¡m³ C{µsâ klm-bhpw ]n´p-Wbpw A`yÀYn-¨p-sImv kqàw D]-kw-l-cn-¡p-¶p. km[m-c-W-co-Xn-bnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn 20-þmw kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶Xv tZh-\nÂ\n¶p Zm\-§Ä¡pÅ A`yÀY-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv (1). aäp `mK-§-sfms¡ C{µsâ al-¯mb IrXy-§-fpsS ]Zyw- ]-Zy-am-bpÅ hÀW- \-§-f-S-§p-¶-h-bm-Wv. hr{X(2)-þ-h-e(3-þ4) IY-IÄ am-{X-a-Ã, t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-ªp-sIm-pÅ aÀ¯y-cpsS At]-£-I-f-\p-k-cn-¨v, t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-ªp-sIm-pÅ i{Xp-¡sf Iog-S-¡p¶ IY-IÄ. ipjvW-þ-Ip-Õ- IY (4-þ5), \ap-Nn-ioÀjm-]-l-cWw (6), thX-kphpw XpPnbpw (8) apX-em-b-h. 21-þmw kqà-¯nse H¶mw ]Zy-¯nse H¶m-w -]Zyw kqà-¯nsâ apJy-{]-iv\-§-fn-sem¶v D¶-bn-¡p¶p: ka-Im-en-I-I-hnbpw ap³I-hn-]-c-¼-cbpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw. B ]c-¼-c-bn-emWv Cu Ihn-bpw. C{µ³ ap³I-hn- Isfsb-¶-t]mse Cu Ihn-sbbpw AtX-t]mse {i²n-¡ptam? (4-þ6, 8, 10). Cu {]ta-b-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«p- \n¡p¶p C{µ³ \ne-\n¡p-¶ptm CÃtbm F¶ {]iv\w. \ne-\n¡p-¶p-s-¦nÂ, FhnsS? (2, 4). ]¯mw ]Zy-¯n kq£va-amb Cu hmZs¯ JWvUn-¡p-¶p. C{µsâ tZi-Im-em-Zn-IÄ, Ah\p kpJw \ÂInb bÚ-taXv apX-em-b-h-sbms¡ Adn-tb--Xpv (4). Ah³ Xsâ bÚ-¯n k¶n-ln-X-\mtbm CÃtbm F¶v Ihn¡v/bP-am-\\v F§s\ \nÝ-bn¡mw? ap³kq-àw-t]mse 22-þm-a-t¯Xpw ka-Im-en-I-I-hn-sb KX-Im-e-I-hn-I-fp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sN¿p-¶p (2, 4, 7). bÚ-¯n F´mWv C{µs\ kt´m-jn-¸n-¨-sX¶v Ihn C{µ-t\mSp t\cn«p tNmZn-¡p-¶p (4). AXn-se- t¸mse Nne tNmZy-§fpw Ds-¦nepw ChnsS A{XX-s¶ D¡WvT ImWp-¶n-Ã. C-{µsâ IÀa-§-fpsS hnh-c- Whpw Ah-t\m-SpÅ klm-bm-`yÀY-\bpw Aev]-kzev]hyXym-k-§-tfmsS Chn-sSbpw ImWmw. 23-þmw kq-àw -C{µ\p tkmahp-am-bpÅ Dä _Ôhpw kh\w sN¿p-¶-h\pw tkma]-\mb C{µ-\p-am- bpÅ ]c-kv]-c-_-Ôhpw tI{µ-hn-j-b-am-¡p-¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nsâ -H¶mw ]mZ-¯n¯-s¶ Cu {]tabw Øm]n-¨n-«pv. XpSÀ¶p-h-cp¶ FÃm ]Zy-§-fnepw tkma-]-cm-aÀi-ap-v. tkma-b-Ú-¯nsâ bÚ-]-c-amb hi-§-fnÂ, hnti-jn¨v Ihn-Xbpw ]hn-{X-a-{´-§fpw ]e-t¸mgpw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw bÚm-[zm-\-¯-\pÅ Zm\-§fpw C{µ-sâ- k-lm-bhpsa¶ ^e-§-sf-s¨m-Ãn-bpÅ HmÀan-¸n-¡-ep-I-fp-v. ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse 24-þmw kq-àw -XpS-§p-¶Xv C{µ\p tkmahp-am-bpÅ Dä _Ôs¯¡p-dn-¨pÅ ZrVamb -{]-kvXm-h-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. ]t£, ]n¶oSv tZh-s\-¸-än-bpÅ s]mXp-hmb kvXp-Xn-bn-te¡p Xncnbp- ¶p (2-þ8). {it²-b-amb Nne D]-a-Ifpw cq]-I-§fpw ss\cp-àn-I-{]-tbm-K-§fpw AhnsS ImWmw. a\pjy- cpsS kvXpXn¡pw Bcm-[-\bv¡pw C{µsâ iàn-Isf \ne-\nÀ¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ {]m[m\yw hnkva-cn-¡p- ¶n-Ã. 6þ8 ]Zy-§Ä t\m¡p-I. C{µ-\nÂ\n¶p Ihn¡v {]tNm-Z\w e`n-¡p-¶p. ]Icw Ihn C{µs\ kvXpXn¨v Km\w cNn-¡p-¶p. C{µ-t\mSv Zm\-§Ä¡pw kwc-£-W-¯n-\p-apÅ A`yÀY-\-bmWv 9þ10 ]Zy- §Ä. 25-þmw kqà-¯nsâ hyà-amb Dt±iyw bp²-§-fn i{Xp-¡Äs¡-Xnsc C{µ-sâ- k-lmbw tXSp-I-bm- Wv. ]e- X-c-¯n-epÅ i{Xp-¡-sfbpw Gäp-ap-«-en i{Xp-¡-fm-hm³ km[y-X-bp-Å-h-scbpw ]än hnh-cn-¨n-cn-¡p- ¶p. KpkvXn-a-Õ-c-¯nse i{Xp-¡-sf-¸än hnti-jn¨p hnh-cn-¡p¶ \memw ]Zy-¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[w t\m¡p-I. C{µ-sâ -\nÀWm-b-I-amb klm-b-¯nsâ Ign-hn-s\- ¡p-dn-¨pÅ I-hn-bpsS Bß-hn-izmkw -C{µsâ Hu¶Xyw Dd-¸n-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ LS\ ]cn-tim-[n-¨m Cu cm-as¯ {]tabw IqSp-X hyà-am-Ip-¶-Xm-Wv. C{µsâ Aew-L-\o-b-Xzs¯ kw_-Ôn¨ 5þmw ]Zyw kqà-¯n-sâ -tI-{µ-_n-µp-hm-Wv. 4, 6; 1, 2; 8, 9 F¶nh kam-´-c-hm-N-I-ssi-en-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-bm-Wv. F«mw ]Zyw C{µsâ kap-¶-XXzw BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. 26-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv (1-þ2), sXm«p ap³]s¯ kqà¯nte-Xp-t]m-se, bp²-§-fnepw aÕ-c-§-fnepw C{µ-t\mSp klm-b-a-t]-£n-¨p-sIm-m-Wv. kqà-¯n-sâ- a-[y-`m-K-w (3þ6) C{µ³ hnhn-[-t]-cp-I-fn-epÅ i{Xp- ¡Ä¡pw klm-bn-I-fmb hnhn-[-t]-cp-I-fn-epÅ a\p-jyÀ¡psa-Xn-sc-bpÅ bp²-§-fpsS kw£n-]vX-hn-h-c-W- am-Wv. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (7-þ8) Ihn¡pw c£n-Xm-hn-\p-apÅ klm-b-¯n CtX iàn-IÄ ImWn- ¡m³ C{µ-t\mSp bmNn-¡p-¶p. 27-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv Hcp tNmZy-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv: F´mWv C{µ³ ""AXnsâ'' (A-kyþ tkm-a- ¯nâ) kzm[o-\-¯n sN¿p-¶Xvv? (1). ""\ne-\n¡p-¶Xv'' (k-Xv) F¶p s]mXp-hn hnim-e-amb D¯cw (2). C{µ-sâ- i-àn-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ \½p-sS- A-]qÀW-amb- -A-dnhv Ahsâ ""AkvXnXz''¯n\p hncp-²- amWv (3). ]t£, \mw A\p-`-hn¨ C{µ-i-àn-sb-¸-änb Aev]-amb B Adn-hp-t]mepw [mcm-f-am-Wv: 4þ7 ]Zy-§-fn hnh-cn¨ bp²-¯n Ihn-bpsS c£n-Xm-hmb A`ym-hÀ¯n Nmb-am-\-\p-thn hc-in-Jsâ tk\-bmb hrNo-hm-s\bpw Iq«-scbpw C{µ³ sIm¶p-htÃm! Ah-km-\-]Zyw (8) A`ym-hÀ¯n Nmb-am- \³ Ihn¡p \ÂInb Zm\-§sf kvXpXn-¡p-Ibpw hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bm-Ip-¶p C{µ-hr-¯-a-[y-¯n-emWo 28-þmw kqà-sa-¦n-epw- A-\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn¨v CXnse 1þ3, 8 kn F¶nh tKm¡Ä¡pw 2, 8 Un F¶nh tKm¡Ät¡m C{µt\m Bbpw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. tKm¡Ä - XncnsI ho«n-te¡p hcp-t¼mÄ A\p-{K-ln-¡p-¶-Xn Cu kqàw ]n¡m-e¯p hn\ntbm-Kn-¨p- t]m-¶p. ]t£, auen-I-ambn CXv Zm\w sN¿-s¸« ]ip AXnsâ- ]p-Xnb DS-a-bpsS ho«n-te¡p {]th-in- ¡p-t¼mÄ A\p-{K-ln-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-bn-cn-¡Ww D]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cn-¡p-I. `àsâ ]ip-¡Ä tabp-t¼mÄ h¶p- s]-t«-¡m-hp¶ ]e-Xcw B]-¯p-Ifpw Ah-bnÂ\n-¶pÅ kpc-£n-X-Xzhpw kqà-¯n hnh-cn-¡p-¶p: Ių I«p-sIm-p-t]mImw; ]ip-¡Ä Iq«-t¯m-sS- B-{I-an-¡-s¸Smw; ImWm-Xmhmw; Iim-¸p-im-e-bn- te¡p \bn-¡-s¸Smw. 29-þmw kqà-¯nsâ Gähpw {it²-b-amb khn-ti-jX CXnse {]tabw ""_Ô''amsa-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv. 2þ4 ]Zy-§-fn Cu _Ôs¯ AÀY-hn-Úm-\-]-c-ambpw hyh-Øm-]n-X-ambpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. cn C{µsâ kz´w- i-àn-I-fmWv Ah-\p-ambn, AsÃ-¦n Ahsâ ssIbp-ambn, _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. ]t£, ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§- fn a\p-jyÀ \ÂIp¶ bÚ-L-S-I-§-fmWv _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. Ah-km-\-]Zyw (6) kw{K-l-cq-]-¯n-ep-Å-Xm-Wv. A©mw ]Zy-¯n C{µ³ cp temImÀ[-§sf _e-ambn thÀs]-Sp¯n F¶p hnh-cn-¡p-¶Xv kqà-¯nse apJy-{]-ta-b-amb _Ô-¯n\p hncp-²-am-sW-¶- Imcyw \nco-£n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. IqSp-X {][m-\-amb hkvXpX Cu kqà-¯n a\p-jycpw C{µ\pw X½n-ep-s¶p hÀWn-¡-s¸« ]c-kv]-c-_-Ô-a-t{X. a\p-jyÀ bÚw- sImpw kvXpXn-Im-hyw-sImpw C{µs\ tkhn-¡p-¶p. C{µ-\m-I-s«, AhÀ¡p Zm\-§Ä \ÂIp-¶p. tZh\pw kvtXmXm-¡fpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw ChnsS bP-am-\-\mb Ihnbpw c£n-Xmhpw X½n-epÅ _Ô-¯n\p amXr- bmbncn¡p-¶p. ]qÀW-ambpw {]m]-©n-Iamb 30-þmw kqàw {]]-©-\-S-¯n-¸p-ambn _Ô-s¸« IÀa-§-sfbpw iàn-I- sfbpw Ipdn-¨m-Wv. kqà-¯nse km[y-amb a\pjy-am\§Ä BZy-]-Zy-¯nse tkma-b-Ú-¯nsâbpw \à hkvXp-¡-Ä \ÂIp-¶-Xn-sâbpw cmw ]Zy-¯nse ""at\y'' (Rm³ hnNm-cn-¡p-¶p) F¶ hm¡n-sâbpw ]tcm- £-kq-N-\-IÄ am{X-am-Wv. hfsc EPp-hmWo kqà-sa-¶-XmWv asämcp {]tXy-I-X. 31-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv FÃm P\-§-fp-sS-bpw- FÃm {]m]-©n-Ihpw `ua-hp-amb aWvU-e-§-fn C{µsâ A[n-Imcw {]Jym-]n-¨p-sIm-m-Wv (1-þ2). ]n¶oSv Ahsâ {]i-kvX-amb bp²-§fpw Ah³ klm-bn¨ a\p- jycpw hnh-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (3-þ4). A´n-a-]-Zy-¯n C{µ-t\mSv AtX bp²-tk-h-\-§Ä X§-tfmSpw Im«-W-sa¶ At]-£-bm-Wv. C{µ³ k¼-¯nsâ Htc-sbmcp {]`p-h-t{X. Imc-Ww, Ah\v FÃm P\-§-sfbpw Xsâ ssII- fn-se-Sp-¡m³ Ign-bpw. A\yYm At\ym\yw Ie-ln¨pw `n¶n¨pw Ign-bp¶ P\-§sf GIo-I-cn-¡m³ C{µ\p Ign-bpw. CXv Hcp-]t£ Ihn-bpsS B{K-l-Nn-´-bm-hmw. 32-þmw kqàm-´y-]Zyw Ihn-bpsS kqà-kw-{K-l-am-bn-am-dp¶ ]Xn-hp-co-Xn-bnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn Cu kqà-¯n BZy-]Zyw Cu Dt±iyw \nd-th-äp-¶p. Ah-ti-jn-¡p¶ ]Zy-§Ä H¶mw ]Zy-¯n ]dª kvXpXn DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 2þ3 ]Zy-§Ä he-]p-cm-hr-¯hpw 5þmw ]Zyw hr{X-h-[-¯nsâ A\-´-c-^-e-§-fpsS ]tcm-£- hn-h-c-Whpw \ÂIp-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n Kmb-I\v iàn-Ifpw k¼-¯p-Ifpw \ÂI-W-sa¶ C{µ-t\m-SpÅ A`yÀY-\. 33-þm-a-t¯-XmWv Cu ssk\n-I-kq-àw. C{µ³ kwLÀj-¯n FÃm hi-§-fnÂ\n-¶p-apÅ At]-£- IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p-sa¶v Ihn Ah-s\-HmÀan-¸n-¡p-¶p (2). ]t£, bp²-§-fnepw aÕ-c-§-fnepw X§-sf -am-{Xta klm-bn-¡m³ ]mSpÅq F¶p bmNn-¡p-¶p. kqàw an¡ `mK-§-fnepw EPp-hm-Wv. C{µm-bp-[-§-sf-¸- än-bpÅ aq¶mw ]Zyw Aev]w \nKq-Vm-ß-I-ambn tXm¶p-¶p. Nne ]WvUn-XÀ Cu `mKw Xncp-¯m³hsc {ian-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. 34-þmw kqà-¯nse BZy-]Zyw \nÀWm-bI-amw-hn[w km{µamb {]tbm-K-w \nd-ªXm-Wv. C{µ³ kvXpXn- Km-\-§-fpsS kzoIÀ¯mhpw Imhy-Nn-´-I-fpsS {]tNm-Z-\-¯nsâ t{kmX-Êp-am-Ip-¶p. am{X-a-Ã, {]mNo-\cpw ka-Im-en-I-cp-amb FÃm Ihn-Ifpw Xm´m-§-fpsS Imhyhp-ambn C{µsâ {i²sb BIÀjn-¡m-dp-v. kqà- ¯nsâ _m¡n `mKw Cu Nn´-IÄ hnI-kn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 2þ3 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ-s\¶ Hscmä hnj-bs¯ tIµo-I-cn-¨p- sImv At\Iw Ihn-I-sf-gp-Xp-¶p-sh¶ {]tabw XpS-cp-¶p. A\-´cw Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-(4-þ5)fn- te-¡pÅ amä-am-Wv. Ah C{µ³ kvXpXnbpw bÚhpw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm-pÅ t\«§Ä sImm- Sp-¶p. C{µ\p kvXpXn \ÂIp-¶-Xn\p ]I-c-ambn \ÃXp {]Xo£n-¡p¶ ap³kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-am-bn 35-þmw kqàw Cu {]hÀ¯-\-¯n\p ]Ic-ambn \mw kzoI-cn-¡p¶ {]Xn-^-e-s¯-¸än A£-a-ambn At\z-jn- ¡p-¶p. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fnse tNmZy-§-fnepw \memw ]Zy-¯nse BÚ-bnepw CXmWv {]Xn-^-en-¡p- ¶-Xv. he-Kp-lm-t`-Z-\s¯ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-s¶v tXm¶n-¡p¶ A©mw ]Zyw Aev]w hnjaw ]nSn-¨-X-t{X. `qan-bp-sSbpw kzÀK-¯n-sâbpw kI-e-N-cm-N-c-§-fp-sSbpw ]qÀW-amb A[n-Im-chpw \nb-{´-W-hp-apÅ C{µs\ -hm-gv¯p¶ 36-þmw kqà-am-WnXv. P\-§Ä C{µ\p \ÂIp¶ tkmalhn-Êp-Ifpw (1) bÚ-l-hn-Êp- Ifpw (2) Km\-§fpw (3) Ahsâ HuZm-cy-¯n\v (4) D¯cw ]d-bp-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯n ]c-kv]-c-_Ôw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. 37-þmw kqà-¯n BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä ""bm{Xm''kqà-¯nsâ amXrI ]n´p-S-cp-¶p. Hcp Xncn-thm- 32-þmw kqàm-´y-]Zyw Ihn-bpsS kqà-kw-{K-l-am-bn-am-dp¶ ]Xn-hp-co-Xn-bnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn Cu kqà-¯n BZy-]Zyw Cu Dt±iyw \nd-th-äp-¶p. Ah-ti-jn-¡p¶ ]Zy-§Ä H¶mw ]Zy-¯n ]dª kvXpXn DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 2þ3 ]Zy-§Ä he-]p-cm-hr-¯hpw 5þmw ]Zyw hr{X-h-[-¯nsâ A\-´-c-^-e-§-fpsS ]tcm-£- hn-h-c-Whpw \ÂIp-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n Kmb-I\v iàn-Ifpw k¼-¯p-Ifpw \ÂI-W-sa¶ C{µ-t\m-SpÅ A`yÀY-\. 33-þm-a-t¯-XmWv Cu ssk\n-I-kq-àw. C{µ³ kwLÀj-¯n FÃm hi-§-fnÂ\n-¶p-apÅ At]-£- IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p-sa¶v Ihn Ah-s\-HmÀan-¸n-¡p-¶p (2). ]t£, bp²-§-fnepw aÕ-c-§-fnepw X§-sf -am-{Xta klm-bn-¡m³ ]mSpÅq F¶p bmNn-¡p-¶p. kqàw an¡ `mK-§-fnepw EPp-hm-Wv. C{µm-bp-[-§-sf-¸- än-bpÅ aq¶mw ]Zyw Aev]w \nKq-Vm-ß-I-ambn tXm¶p-¶p. Nne ]WvUn-XÀ Cu `mKw Xncp-¯m³hsc {ian-¡p-I-bp-m-bn. 34-þmw kqà-¯nse BZy-]Zyw \nÀWm-bI-amw-hn[w km{µamb {]tbm-K-w \nd-ªXm-Wv. C{µ³ kvXpXn- Km-\-§-fpsS kzoIÀ¯mhpw Imhy-Nn-´-I-fpsS {]tNm-Z-\-¯nsâ t{kmX-Êp-am-Ip-¶p. am{X-a-Ã, {]mNo-\cpw ka-Im-en-I-cp-amb FÃm Ihn-Ifpw Xm´m-§-fpsS Imhyhp-ambn C{µsâ {i²sb BIÀjn-¡m-dp-v. kqà- ¯nsâ _m¡n `mKw Cu Nn´-IÄ hnI-kn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 2þ3 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ-s\¶ Hscmä hnj-bs¯ tIµo-I-cn-¨p- sImv At\Iw Ihn-I-sf-gp-Xp-¶p-sh¶ {]tabw XpS-cp-¶p. A\-´cw Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-(4-þ5)fn- te-¡pÅ amä-am-Wv. Ah C{µ³ kvXpXnbpw bÚhpw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm-pÅ t\«§Ä sImm- Sp-¶p. C{µ\p kvXpXn \ÂIp-¶-Xn\p ]I-c-ambn \ÃXp {]Xo£n-¡p¶ ap³kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-am-bn 35-þmw kqàw Cu {]hÀ¯-\-¯n\p ]Ic-ambn \mw kzoI-cn-¡p¶ {]Xn-^-e-s¯-¸än A£-a-ambn At\z-jn- ¡p-¶p. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fnse tNmZy-§-fnepw \memw ]Zy-¯nse BÚ-bnepw CXmWv {]Xn-^-en-¡p- ¶-Xv. he-Kp-lm-t`-Z-\s¯ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-s¶v tXm¶n-¡p¶ A©mw ]Zyw Aev]w hnjaw ]nSn-¨-X-t{X. `qan-bp-sSbpw kzÀK-¯n-sâbpw kI-e-N-cm-N-c-§-fp-sSbpw ]qÀW-amb A[n-Im-chpw \nb-{´-W-hp-apÅ C{µs\ -hm-gv¯p¶ 36-þmw kqà-am-WnXv. P\-§Ä C{µ\p \ÂIp¶ tkmalhn-Êp-Ifpw (1) bÚ-l-hn-Êp- Ifpw (2) Km\-§fpw (3) Ahsâ HuZm-cy-¯n\v (4) D¯cw ]d-bp-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯n ]c-kv]-c-_Ôw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. 37-þmw kqà-¯n BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä ""bm{Xm''kqà-¯nsâ amXrI ]n´p-S-cp-¶p. Hcp Xncn- thm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-sW¶p am{Xw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nse ]nwK-e-¡p-Xn-c-IÄ C{µs\ bÚ-¯n-te¡p sImp-h-cp¶ ]cn-NnX-amb IpXn-c-IÄX-s¶. ]t£, cmw ]Zy-¯nse AtX ]Zw (l-c-bx) Xhn-«p-\n-d-apÅ tkmaI-W-§sf ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n IpXn-c-I-fn-te¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cp¶p. AXnse hmbp-]-cm-aÀiw {]mXxkh-\- IÀa-am-Wp-±n-jvS-sa¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. aäp cp ]Zy-§Ä (4-þ5) bm{Xm-{]-tabw XpS-cp-¶n-Ã. ]I-cw, C{µ³ (a\p-jy)c£n-Xm-¡Ä¡p Z£nW \ÂIp¶ (Zn-hy)-c£n-Xm-hmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (5). 38-þmw kqà-¯n-sâ- k-µÀ`w {]mXx-k-h-\-am-Ip-¶p. e£yw C{µs\ hnfn-bn-eqsS Ahn-tS¡v BIÀjn- ¡pI F¶-Xp-X-s¶. CXmWv BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fpsS hnj-bw. BZy-]-Zy-¯n Aán kzÀK-¯n-\p-t\-sc- bpÅ Blzm\w apg-¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. cm-a-t¯-Xn AXv C{µ-\n-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. kvXpXn-bn-eq- sSbpw bÚ-¯n-eq-sSbpw C{µ³ \njv]m-Zn-¸n-¡p¶ iàn ASp¯ cp (3-þ4) ]Zy-§-fn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-]-Zy-¯n hnj-b-kw-{K-lhpw C{µs\ Ahn-tS¡v BIÀjn-¡m-\pÅ {ia-§fpw Ah³ \ÂIp¶ t\«- §fpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse 39-þmw kqàhpw bÚ-]-c-amb kµÀ`-¯n¯-s¶-bmWv sI«n-bn-S-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶- Xv. hnjbw tkmaw-X-s¶. ]t£, tkma-sa¶ t]cn-Ã. H¶mw ]Zyw hnti-j-W-§-fpsS Hcp ]c-¼-c-bm-Wv. 2þ4 ]Zy-§Ä ""Chn-sS-bpÅ CXns\'' hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. he-]p-cm-hr¯w kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. 40-þmw kqàw an¡ `mK-§-fnepw C{µs\ bÚ-¯n-te¡p hnfn-¡m\pw tkmaw IpSn-¡m-\p-apÅ £W¯n- sâ -Hcp hmÀ¸p-am-Xr-bm-Wv. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä C{µs\ tkma-]m-\-¯n\p t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä C{µ\p bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm-\pÅ BÚ-bm-Ip-¶p. CXm-Wv, hmkvX-h-¯nÂ, BZyw thn- bn-cp-¶-Xv. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n Ch -cpw H¯p-tN-cp-¶p. am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-amWv kµÀ`-sa¶p ""acp¯p-¡-tfm- Sp-IqSn'' F¶ Ah-km-\-]-Zw hyà-am-¡p-¶p. C{µs\ tkma-]m-\¯n\p £Wn-¡p¶XmWv 41-þmw kqàhpw. ""h¶mepw'' F¶ F¶p-s-¦nepw AXp ]Ým-¯-e-¯nÂam-{Xw (1, 4, 5)-. {]-tXy-I-amb tkmamÀ¸-W-¯n-emWv Du¶Â. A´n-a-]-Zy-¯nsâ A´y-]m-Z- ¯n am-{X-amWv Ihn C{µ-t\mSv ]I-c-ambn Fs´-¦nepw tNmZn-¡p-¶-Xv. 42þmw kqàw XnI¨pw C{µsâ tkma-]m-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« asäm¶t{X. ]t£, sXm«p ap³]s¯ kqà-§-fn-se-t¸mse C{µ-t\mSv t\cn«p hcm\pw tkmaw IpSn-¡m\pw ]d-bp-¶n-Ã. adn-¨v, C{µ³ {]Y-a-]p-cp-j- \n-emWv FÃm-bn-S-¯pw. Hcp hyàn-tbmSpw (1, 4) kwL-t¯mSpw (2-þ3) C{µs\ tkhn-¡m³ BÚ-IÄ ]pd- s¸-Sp-hn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. A[z-cypsh kwt_m-[\ sN¿p¶ \memw ]Zyw-hsc Btcm-SmWv ]d-bp-¶-sX¶p hyà- a-Ã. A\yYm bÚ-tI-{µn-X-amb Cu kqà-¯n \memw ]Zy-¯nse D¯-cmÀ[-¯n hcp¶ khn-ti-j-amb D¡WvT BÝ-cy-I-c-am-Wv. AXv hr¯-t`-Z-¯nepw {]Xn-^-en-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. efn-X-amWv 43-þmw kqàw. Hmtcm ]Zy-¯n-sâbpw D¯-cm-À[-w ""Abw k tkma C{µ tX kpXx ]n_'' (C{µm! ChnsS \n\-¡p-thn ]ngn-sª-Sp¯ tkmaw. IpSn-¨mepw!) F¶ ]Ã-hn-bm-Wv. Hmtcm ]qÀhmÀ[-¯n- ep-am-I-s«, tkma-a-Z-¯n C{µ³ sNbvX hoc-IÀa-§-fpÄs¸-sS-bp-Åh A\p-kva-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Bdmw aWvUe-¯nse 44-þmw kqàw C{µ-hr-¯-¯nse Ah-km-\`mK-¯pÅXmWv. BsI-bpÅ F«p XrN-§-fn BZys¯ cs®w (1-þ6) A\p-jvSp-¸nepw aq¶m-a-t¯Xv (7-þ9) {XnjvSp-¸n-sâbpw hncm-«n-sâbpw an{i-¯nepw Ah-ti-jn-¡p¶ A©p XrN§Ä (10-þ24) {XnjvSp-¸n-ep-am-Ip-¶p. an¡ XrN-§fpw Ae-¦m-c-im- kv{X-]-c-ambn GIo-Ir-X-at{X: 1þ3 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ-hn-{I-a-kq-N-I-§-fmb ]qÀhmÀ[-§-tfmSpw BhÀ¯n-X-amb D¯-cmÀ[-§-tfmSpw IqSn-b-h. 19-þ21 ]Zy-§Ä \njvI-rjvS-amb ""Imf''{]ta-b-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h. 22-þ24 ]Zy-§Ä ""Abw'' (C-h³) F¶p XpS-§p¶ tkma-]-cm-aÀi-I-amb ]ZymÀ[-§-fpsS BhÀ¯-\w-sImv Ae-¦r-Xw. aäp-Åh A{X-X-s¶ -hy-à-a-Ãm¯ B´-cn-ssI-Iy-bp-àw. Ah-bnepw ]e-t¸mgpw hnj-b-¯n-sâtbm {]ta-b- ¯n-sâtbm XpSÀ¨ ImWmw. kqà-¯n kamlr-X-amb XrN-§-fn _mly-amb sFIyhpw ImWmw. F¦nepw Ah sXm«p-ap³]s¯ kqà-§-fnse C{µ\pw tkma-]m-\-hp-sa¶ hnjbw hnSp-¶n-Ã. ap³kqà-§sft¸mse 45-þmw kqàhpw XrN-§-fn kwhn-[m\w sN¿-s¸-«-Xm-Wv. BZys¯ ]¯v C{µ\pÅXv. Ah-km-\-t¯Xv (31-þ33) c£n-Xm-hmb E`p-hnsâ Zm\-kvXp-Xn. C{µ-hr-¯¯nÂs]-Sp-¯n-b-Xp-sImv CXv auen-I-ambn Hscm-ä- kq-à-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww. ]t£, kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw BhÀ¯n-¨p-h-cp¶ Nne {]ta-b-§- fp-v. C{µs\ ]ip-hp-amtbm I¶p-Ip-«n-bp-amtbm Xmc-Xayw sN¿p-¶-Xv (7, 22, 25-þ26, 28), aÕ-c-¯n k½m\w sh¨- ]-´bw (2, 11-þ13, 15), C{µ-\p-th-n-bpÅ ]hn-{X-a-{´-hm-l\w (4, 7, 19) apX-em-bh t\m¡p-I. ]t£, XrN- §Ä¡p-Ån Ae-¦m-c-im-kv{X-]-c-amb sFIyw Xosc ImWp-¶n-Ã. cp ap³kq-à-§-sf-t¸mse 46-þmw kqàhpw C{µ-hr-¯-¯n-epÄs¸-S-¯-¡-hn[w [mcmfw ]Zy-§-fp-v. Cucp ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp¶ {]Km-Y-I-fm-bn-«mWv kwhn-[m-\-sa-t¶-bp-Åq. aÕc-§-fnepw bp²-§-fnepw Xsâ kvtXmXm-¡sf klm-bn-¡p¶ C{µ-\n-emWv Chn-Ss¯ tI{µo-I-c-Ww. X§Ä¡p kwc-£Ww \ÂIm\pw FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS kl-P-amb iàn ssIh-cp-¯m\pw (7-þ8) i{Xp-¡sf Iogvs¸-Sp-¯m\pw X§sf klm-bn- ¡m³ hc-W-sa¶v C{µs\ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯n Imcy-amb k¦oÀW-X-I-sfm-¶p-an-Ã. {]tabw Gsd AhÀ¯n-¡-s¸-«-Xv. `mc-Zzm-P-·m-cpsS Cu IpSpw-_-kqàw (47) apJy-ambn C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«Xpw Cu aWvU-e-¯n C{µ- hr-¯-¯nsâ Ah-km\¯n tNÀ¯-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. ]c-kv]cw Aev]-_-Ô-ap-ÅtXm Hcp _Ô-hp-an-Ãm¯tXm DÄs¸sS ]e sNdnb GI-I-§-fm-Wn-Xn-ep-Å-Xv. Ch-bpsS hn`-P-\-s¯-¡p-dn¨v ]WvUn-X-tem-I¯v XÀ¡w \ne- \n¡p-¶p-v. tkmas\/tkma-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ AXn-Kw-`o-c-amb kvXpXn-tbmsS (1-þ5) kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ (6) ]Zy-¯n C{µs\ tkmaw IpSn-¡m³ £Wn-¡p-¶p. am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n-em-Wn-sX¶p hyàw. 7þ21 ]Zy-§Ä ]qÀWambn C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-X-am-Wv. C{µ-kvXp-Xn, C{µsâ hoc-IÀa-§Ä, `£-W-¯n\pw kpc- £n-X-Xz-¯n-\pw- th-n-bp-Å-XpÄs¸sS C{µ-t\m-SpÅ hnhn-[-§-fmb A`yÀY-\-IÄ apX-emb ChnsS \nd-ªp- \n¡p-¶p. 22-þ25 ]Zy-§Ä Zm\-kvXpXn DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Gähpw Akm-[m-cm-W-amb ]Zy-§-fmWv kqàm-h- km-\-`m-K¯v (26-þ31) \mw ImWp-¶-Xv. aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (26-þ28) tXcn-s\bpw aqs¶®w s]cp-¼-d-sbbpw kwt_m- [\ sN¿p-¶p. ]c-kv]-c-_-Ô-an-söp tXm¶n-¡p¶ JWvU-§-fmbn hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-«-hbpw hnhn-[-Km-\-hr-¯-\n-_-²-§-fp- amb ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp¶ asämcp IuXp-I-I-c-amb kqàamWv 48. A\p-{I-a-Wn-bn hnh-cn-¨Xpw ta ]p\- cp-²-cn-¨-Xp-amb hnh-cWw DÅ-S-¡-¯n Ir-Xy-ambn {]Xn-^-en-¨p-Im-Wp-¶n-Ã. Aán¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« BZys¯ ]¯p ]Zy-§Ä amaqÂco-Xn-bn-epÅ Hc-án-kq-à-am-bn-t¯m-¶pw. aäv Aán-kq-à-§-fn CXv DÄs¸-Sp-¯n-bn- sÃ-¶Xv IuXp-I-{]Z-am-bn-t¯m-¶mw. A´y-¯n F«-£-c-§-f-[n-I-apÅ ]mZ-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb 6þ8- ]-Zy-§-sfm- gnsI, H¶n-S-hn«v _rl-Xn-bnepw ktXm-_r-l-Xn-bn-ep-ambn {]Km-Y-tPm-Sn-I-fn cNn-¡-s¸-«Xpw kqà-¯nse Gähpw hr¯-ZmÀVy-apÅXpamb JWvU-am-Wn-Xv. ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (11-þ13) Akm-[m-cm-W-amb Hcp hnjvIw-`-amWv: Ihn-bpsS ]ptcm-ln-X-k-lm-bn-IÄ acp-¯p-¡Ä¡p ]m \ÂIp¶ Id-h-¸-ipsh ASp¯p sImp-h-cm³ BÚm-]n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. A\p-{I-a-Wn-bn acp-¯p-¡Ä¡m-WnXv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-sX-¦nepw AXv bmZr-Ñn-I-am-Wv. ]ip-hm-Wn-hnsS tI{µ-_n-µp. AXv `c-Zzm-P-sâ- Im-hy-{]-tNm-Z-\-¯nsâ {]Xo-Itam \S-¶p- sIm-n-cn-¡p¶ bÚ-¯n tkma-¯n IeÀ¯m-\pÅ ]m Xcp¶ icn-bmb ]ipthm AtXm cptam F¶p hyà-a-Ã. ]qjm-hmWv kqà-¯nsâ lrZ-b-amb 14-þ19 ]Zy-§-fpsS hnj-bw. `c-Zzm-P-·mÀ¡v ]qjm-hn- t\mSv khn-ti-j-am-sbmcp _Ô-ap-v. Cu JWvU-¯nse BZys¯ cp ]Zy§Ä (14-þ15) GIm-{K-Zr-Vhpw Hu]-Nm-cn-I-hp-amb ]qjm-hn-s\-¡p-dn-¨p-fnf kvXpXn-bm-Wv. ChnsS, {Kmao-Whpw Bt]-£n-I-ambn XmW ]Z-hn- bp-apÅ ]qjm-hns\ hnhn-[-Kp-W-§-fn alm-·m-cmb sshZn-I-tZ-h-X-I-fp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Ahkm -\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (20-þ22) acp-¯p-¡sf kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Ch-bn HSp-hn-es¯ ]Zyw (22) acp- ¯p-¡-fpsS A½-bmb ]riv\nsb kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶Xpw \nKq-Vm-ß-I-hp-am-Ip-¶p. ]e hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-§-sf-bpw-t]mse, EPp-efn-X-amb LS-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb hmÀ¸p-am-Xr-I-bn-epÅ H¶mWv 49-þmw kqàw. Hmtcm ]Zyhpw Hmtcm tZh-Xsbtbm Hcp kwLw tZh-X-I-(-a-cp-¯p-¡)sftbm kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. tZ-h-Xm-\maw ]Zy-¯n-se-hn-sS-sb-¦n-ep-ap-m-hpw. Cu kqà-¯nse tZh-·m-cpsS {Ia-¯n\v hyà-ambn bÚ- ]-ctam asä-s´-¦neptam Bb {]m[m-\yanÃ. ]t£, Ch-cn ]ecpw {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-¶-h-cmWv: Aán (2), cm{Xnbpw DjÊpw (3), hmbp (4), Aizn-IÄ (5), C{µ³ (12). ]ÀP-\y\pw hmXhpw (6), an{X\pw hcp- W\pw (1), XzjvSmhv (9) F¶n-hÀ. A´n-a-]-Zyw (15) FÃm tZh-·m-tcm-Sp-ambn t\«-§Ä¡p-thn A`yÀYn-¡p- ¶p. ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸m-se-b-Ãm-sX, Cu hntiz-tZ-h-kqàw (50) ]e tZh-·mÀ¡pw H¶n-e-[nIw ]Zy-§Ä \o¡n-sh-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. shÅ-s¯bpw tZh-X-bmbn DÄs¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-v. BZy-]Zyw AZn-Xn-sbbpw apJy-cmb aq¶v BZn-Xy-·m-scbpw (h-cp-W³, an{X³, Acy-am-hv) Aán, khn-Xm-hv, `K³, ""{XmXm-¡-fmb tZh-·mÀ'' F¶n- h-scbpw hnfn-¡p-¶p. Cu kqà-¯nsâ khn-ti-jX CXn tZhn-amÀ¡p {]m[m\yw e`n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶-Xm- Wv. BZyw AZnXn hcp-¶p (1). Zymhm-]r-Ynho (3), tcmZkn (5), ""amXr-Xa''bmb `qan (7), kc-kzXn (12), XzjvSm- hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« tZh-]-Xv\n-amÀ (13), hopw `qan (13-þ14). tZh-]-Xv\n-amsc kvXpXn-¨p-sImmWv kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-Xp-X-s¶. ]Xn-\mdp ]Zy-§-fpÅ Cu 51þmw kqàw aq¶p hr¯-§-fn-em-bn-«m-Wv. Cu hr¯-hn-`-P\w kqà-¯nsâ GI-Xz-s¯-¸än ]WvUn-XÀ¡n-S-bn A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-m¡n-bn«pv. kqàw kqtcym-Z-b-hÀW-\-t¯m-Sp- IqSn XpS-§p-¶p (1-þ2). XpSÀ¶v BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS kvXpXn-bn-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. Ah-cp-sS -k-Xy-¯nepw h©-\-bn- Ãm-bva-bn-ep-amWv Du¶Â. X§sf A\Àl-amb in£bv¡p hnt[-b-cm-¡-cp-sX¶v 6þ7 ]Zy-§fn tZh-·m-tcm-S- t]-£n-¡p-¶p. X§Ä \nc-]-cm-[n-I-sf¶p kqN-\. FÃmw ImWp¶ kqcy³ CX-dn-bpw. _m¡n-bpÅ A©p ]Zy-§Ä (8-þ12) kXy-]qÀW-cmb tZh-·m-sc-¸-än. Ah-cpsS Zbbv¡pw klm-b-¯n-\p-apÅ At]-£-bn Du¶Â. 11-þmw ]Zy-¯n asämcp Iq«w tZh-·m-cpsS ]«n-I. ]ptcm-ln-X-Ip-Spw-_s¯ t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-ªp-sImv 12-þmw ]Zyw kqà-hn-jbw kw{K-ln-¡p-¶p. 13-þ16 ]Zy-§Ä h©\ apX-emb tZmj-§-fn-Ãm-Xm-¡m³ \mw {ian-¡p- t¼mgpÅ Imcy-§Ä {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶p. Cu `mKw ]n¶oSp Iq«n-t¨À¯-Xm-hmw. -Bdmw aWvU-e-¯nse hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-§-fn Ah-km-\-t¯-Xv (52). BZy-s¯- ]-{´p ]Zy-§Ä \mep XrN-§-fn-embn hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. BZys¯ XrNw (1-þ3) {]Xntbm-Kn-bmb bP-am-\s\bpw Ah³ sN¿p¶ bÚ-s¯bpw \ncm-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw acp-¯p-¡-sfbpw tkma-s\bpw Ahs\ \in-¸n-¡m³ hnfn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p- ¶p. cm-as¯ XrNw (4-þ6) \nehm-c-s¸« tZh-X-Isf am{X-a-Ã, {]Ir-Xn-{]-Xn-`m-k-§-sfbpw klm-b-¯n\p hnfn-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ _m¡n-`mKw s]mXp-kz-`m-h-ap-ÅXpw BhÀ¯-\-Ñmb ]peÀ¯p-¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. ]qjmhv `mc-Zzm-P-·m-cpsS A-\p-Iq-e\msbmcp eLp-tZ-h-\m-Wv. 6. 53-þ58 kqà-§Ä ]qjm-hn\p kaÀ¸n- ¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯nse Htc-sbmcp ]qj-kq-àk©b-am-Wn-Xv. Cu {]tXy-I-kqàw (53) ]qjm-hn-t\m- SpÅ am\yhpw {Inbm-ß-I-hp-amb A`yÀY-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv (1-þ2) XpS-§p-¶-sX-¦nepw thK-¯n AXv kzcw amäp-¶p. ]nip-¡-cmb c£n-Xm-¡sf in£n-¡m³ tZh-t\mSv At]-£n-¡p-¶p (5-þ9). Dfnbpw tXm«n-bp-amWv Ahsâ int£m-]-I-c-W-§Ä. ]qjmhv 54-þmw kqà-¯n ]ip-¡-fpsS kwc-£-I\pw \jvS-s¸« kzh-kvXp-¡-sf, hnti-jn¨v ]ip-¡- sf, Is-¯p-¶-h-\p-sa¶ \ne-bn-emWv hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. 55-þm-as¯ Cu eLp-kqàw AXnsâ LS-\-sImp {it²-b-am-Wv. Bdm-a-t¯-sXm-gn¨v FÃm ]Zy-§fpw ap³]-Zy-¯nse ]Ztam hmNIssientbm DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy¯n ap³]-Zy-¯nse ""{`mXm'' F¶ ]Z-¯nsâ {]Xn-[z\n tIÄ¡mw (_n-{`-Xx). ]qjmhv Xsâ ktlm-Z-cn-bp-sS -Im-ap-I-\mbpw A½-bpsS hc-\mbpw XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xpw (4-þ5) {it²-bw. CXv ]qjm-hns\ tXcm-fnbpw k¼-±m-Xm-hp-ambn ImWp¶ aq¶p ]Zy- §Ä¡p (1-þ3)- ti-j-am-Wv. _em-Õw-K-]-Zy-§sf(4-þ5)¯pSÀ¶v tXcm-fnsb ]cm-aÀin-¡p¶ ]Zy-t¯msS (6) kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. Cu kqà-¯n\p (56) ap³]q-j-kq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶p ]cn-Nn-X-amb ]e LS-I-§-fp-ap-v. Ah³ Gähpw \à tXcm-fn-bmWv (2); Ah³ Imhy-Nn-´-Isf k^-e-am-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p¶p (4); Ah³ ]ip-¡-fpsS k½m\w t\Sp-¶-Xn klm-bn-¡p¶p (5). AXp-t]mse ]e ]pXp-a-Ifpw Cu kqà-¯n-\p-v. ""Icw-`mXv'' (Iªn IpSn- ¡p-¶-h³) F¶ t]cv FSp-¯p-]-d-ªp-sIm-mWv kqàw XpS-§p-¶-Xv. Icw`i_vZ-¯n\v ""Lr-X-an{iw bh- kàp'' (s\bv tNÀ¯p hdp¯ bh-¡-ªn) F¶p kmb-W-`m-jyw. CXv ]qjm-hnsâ khn-ti-j-X-bm-Wv. cmw ]Zy-¯n C{µ³ ]qjm-hnsâ- k-Jm-hmbn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. aq¶mw kqàw {]tl-fn-Im-kz-`m-h-ap-Å- Xm-Ip-¶p. kqcy-N{Iw Iodp-¶-Xn ]qjmhv C{µsâ klm-bn-bm-bn-cp-¶pthm F¶ kwibw CXp-f-hm-¡p-¶p. Chn-Ss¯ -_nw-_-I-ev]-\bpw H«-km-[m-c-W-sa-¦nepw {it²-b-a-t{X. Cu kqà-¯nsâ (57) Xp-S-¡-¯n C{µ-s\bpw ]qjm-hn-s\bpw Hcp-an¨p hnfn-¡p-¶p. Ah-cp-sS kzm`hnIamb -sFIyw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\v Zzµz-k-amkw DX-Ipw. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (2-þ3) Ah-cpsS hnh-c-W-§-fn hnhn-[-hn-ti-j-W-§-fp-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p. 3-þ4 ]Zy-§-fn C{µ³ Xsâ- a-ln-X-IÀa-§-fn-eqsS ap¶n- te¡p hcn-Ibpw ]qjm-hns\ ]n¶n-em-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ hÀW-\-§-fm-Wv. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (5- þ6) Ah-sc- k-a-\n-e-bn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. ap³]q-j-kq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn ChnsS (58) ]qjm-hns\ {]m]-©n-I-k-µÀ`-¯n IqSp-X iàn-IÄ \ÂIn-s¡mp Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw AXn-tesd \memw ]Zyhpw ]qjm-hnsâ kqcy(-kq-cy- ]p-{Xn)-bp-am-bpÅ hnhm-ls¯ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. C{µ\pw Aánbpw EtKz-Z-¯n apJy-]¦p hln-¡p¶ tZh-·m-cm-sW-¦nepw AhÀ¡n-cp-hÀ¡pw bÚ-]- c-amtbm ]pcm-hr-¯-]-c-amtbm kmam-\y-ambn H¶p-an-söp ]d-bmw. GXm-bm-epw, ]Xn-s\m¶p kqà-§Ä AhÀ¡p cmÄ¡pw IqSn kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. Cu {]tXyIkqà-¯n (59) Du¶Â sImSp-¡p-¶Xv Ch- bn-emWv: Ahsc Zzµz-k-am-k-¯n- (C-{µm-án-Itf!) kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn Ah- cpsS _Ôp-Xzhpw Cc-«-P-·hpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Ah-cpsS hoc-IÀa-§Ä {]Jym-]n-¡psa¶ hmKvZm\w BZyw- X-s¶-bpv (1). 1, 3, 4 ]Zy-§-fn AhÀ¡p tkmaw \ÂIp-¶pv; C{µt\ AXp IpSn-¡p-¶pÅq F¦n-epw. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ccp-h-cpsSbpw Bbp-[-sa¶ \ne-bn h{Pw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fn k´p-en- XXzw amdp-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. cp-t]-scbpw shtÆsd Iv Hmtcm-cp-¯-cp-sSbpw khn-ti-j-X-IÄ ImWn- ¡p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n {]mXx-k-h\w ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. DjÊpw ]ip-¡fpap-hn-sS. Aán Pzen-¸n-¡- s¸-Sp-Ibpw C{µ³ k¶n-ln-X-\m-hp-Ibw sN¿p-¶p. hr¯-]-c-ambn tbmPn-¸pÅ Cu Bdp ]Zy-§sf kqà- ¯nsâ BZy-`m-K-ambn IW-¡m-¡mw. 7þ10 ]Zy-§Ä ASp¯ `mKw. 7þ8 ]Zy-§-fn i{Xp-¡Äs¡-Xnsc Kmb- Isâ klm-bm-`yÀY-\bpw k¼-¯n-\pÅ {]mÀY-\-bpw. kvXpXnbw tkmahpw ap³\nÀ¯n Ahsc £Wn- ¡p¶p (10). Cu C{µm-án-kqàw (60) s]mXp-hn C{µsâ hoc-IÀa-§fpw KpW-§fpw DbÀ¯n-¡m-«p-¶-XmWv (hn-ti- jn¨v 5þ6 ]Zy-§Ä). cp apX Ah-km\w hsc-bpÅ XrN-§Ä cp tZh-·m-scbpw t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-bmsX hnhcn-¡p-¶p. Aán (10), C{µ³ (11), cp-t]-scbpw Hcp-an¨v (12). Ah-km-\s¯ XrNw (13-þ15) aq¶p hyXy- kvX-hr-¯-§-fn-em-Wv. CXv auen-I-ambn kqà-¯nsâ `mK-a-söv A`n-{]m-b-ap-Å-h-cp-v. F¦nepw cq]-]-c- ambn Hcp-Xcw sFI-cq-]y-an-Ãm-bvI-bn-Ã. cp tZh-·mcpw kl-I-cn¨v ""R§Ä¡v'' t\«-§-fp-m-¡p-¶-Xmbn kqàm-´y-¯n kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu kqàw (61) cq]-]-c-ambn an¡-hmdpw ap³kqàw-t]m-se-¯-s¶-bm-Wv. hr¯-]-c-amb k¦oÀWX Nn´-bpsS km{µ-X-bp-ambn GXmv H¯p-t]m-Ip-¶p-s¶p ImWmw. BZys¯ XrNw _nw_-I-ev]-\-bn k¼-¶hpw {]tXy-IX-I-fn Du¶p-¶-Xp-am-Wv. XpSÀ¶p-h-cp¶ aq¶p XrN-§Ä Bt]-£n-I-ambn A\-e-¦r- Xhpw kc-kz-Xn-bpsS \ZoXzw hyà-am-sW-¦nepw (7-þ9) IqSp-X s]mXp-kz-`m-h-ap-Å-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. kqàw Ah- km-\n-¡p-¶Xv Ah-fpsS Hu¶Xyw Øm]n-¡p¶ {]kvXm-h-\-tbm-sS-bm-Wv (13). H¸w Ah-fpsS klmbw At]- £n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (14). H¶mas¯ XrN-¯n hnti-jn¨pw \Zn-bpsS iànbpw \nÀZ-b-amb Hgp-¡nsâ B´-cn-I-tZm-j-§fpw `wKn-bmbn hÀWn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. AhnsS AhÄ a\p-jy-cmb i{Xp-¡-fpsS Hcp ]c-¼- c-sb-¯s¶ in£n-¡p-Ibpw Xsâ kvtXmXm-¡Ä¡p {]Xn-^ew \ÂIp-t¼mÄ ]Àh-X-§sf \in-¸n-¡p-I t]mepw sN¿p¶p. Cu {]Xn-^e-§Ä Nnte-S-§-fn hyà-ambpw Ah-fpsS \Zn F¶ X\n-atbmSp _Ô-s¸-«-h-bm-Wv. Acp-hn-¡-c-IÄ (3), \mw {]mÀYn-¡p¶ ]m (14) F¶nh t\m¡p-I. aän-S-§-fn A{X-Xs¶ hyà-a-Ã. h{[y- iz\v Znthm-Zm-k-s\¶ ]p{Xs\ Zm\w sN¿p-¶Xv DZm-l-c-Ww. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nse _rk-b-s\¶ i{Xp-hnsâ ]cm-aÀihpw Ahy-àw-X-s¶. Cu kqà-¯nsâ (62) BZys¯ A©p ]Zy-§Ä ]cn-Nn-X-amb Aizn-kq-à-§-fpsS ]Ým-¯ew \ÂIp- ¶p. Ihn X§-fpsS bÚ-¯n-te¡v Ccp-tZ-h-·m-scbpw B{K-l-t¯msS £Wn-¡p-¶p. {]ta-b-§fpw `mh- §fpw ]cn-Nn-X-sa-¦nepw [mcmfw \à kq£va-tc-J-I-fp-v. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (6-þ7) Aizn-I-fpsS {]kn-²- amb hoc-IÀa-§Ä, hnti-jn¨v `pPypsh IS-enÂ\n¶p c£n-¨-Xv, hÀWn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, AXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶-h- cp¶ cp ]Zy-§Ä (8-þ9) aäp tZh-X-I-tfmSv ]e Xcw i{Xp-¡Ä-s¡-Xnsc lnwkm-ß-I-ambn {]Xn-I-cn-¡m³ A`yÀYn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. ]¯mw ]Zyw Aizn-I-fpsS bm{X-bn-te¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. Cu kqà-¯nsâ (63) BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä Gsd-¡p-sd- k-a-ambn Aizn-Isf bÚ-¯n-te¡p hnfn- ¡p-¶-Xn\pw Ah-cpsS bm{X-bv¡p-ambpw (1-þ2) bÚ-¯n-\p-X-s¶-bp-ambn (3-þ4) hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ6) ]pcm-hr-¯-ta-J-e-bn-te¡p IS-¡p-¶p: kqcy-]p-{Xn-bmb kqcy Ah-tcm-sSm¸w Ah-cpsS tXcn bm{X sN¿p-¶p. Cu ]pcm-hr-¯-bm{X \s½ icn-¡pÅ C¶s¯ bm{X-bn-te¡p \bn-¡p-¶p (7). \½psS bÚ-¯n k¶n-ln-X-cm-hp-t¼mÄ Cu tZh-·mÀ \½p-tS-Xm-Ip-sa¶p {]Xo-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p (8). Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (9-þ10) Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bm-Wv. Ihn `c-Zzm-P³ 11þm-as¯ Hä-h-cn-¸-Zy-¯n X\n¡pw Xsâ bÚ-Ø-e-¯pÅ c£n-Xm-¡Ä¡pw Aizn-I-fp-sS -B-\p-Iqeyw e`n-¡p-sa¶p {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. ]e Dj-Êp-Isf ]cm-aÀin-¨p-sImv 64-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶p. ]t£, Xma-kn-bmsX Hscmä Dj-Ên- tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p (1). ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se, C¶-s¯bpw sXm«p ap³]-s¯bpw Dj-Êp-Isf ]cm-aÀ-in-¡p- ¶p. AhfpsS hnim-e-amb {]Imiw (2, 3), Ah-fpsS kpJ-k-©mcw (1, 4), Ah-fpsS kvss{X-W-ku-µcyw (2), Ahsf AI-¼Sn tkhn-¡p¶ ]ip-¡Ä (3, 5), Ah-fpsS {]mXx-k-h\Z£n-Wbpambpw s]mXp-hn k¼-¯p- ambpw DÅ _Ôw (1, 4, 5, 6) F¶nh hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. {]k-¶-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-IÄ [mcm-f-ap-v. 3, 6 ]Zy- §Ä t\m¡p-I. ap³kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn 65-þmw kqàw Hscmä Dj-Ênsâ hÀW-\-tbm-Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-¶p. ]t£, Nne ]Zy-§Ä (3-þ4) ]e Dj-Êp-I-sf-¸än ]d-bp-¶p-v. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (5-þ6) Hcp-j-Ên- te-¡p-X-s¶ -Xn-cn-¨p-h-cp-¶p-. k¼-¯n\pw IoÀ¯n-¡p-apÅ A`yÀY-\-I-tfm-sS kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p¶p (6). Bdmw aWvU-e-¯n-se- H-tc-sbmcp acp-Õq-àw. k¦oÀWhpw {IoUm-]qÀWhpw kqN-\-IÄ \nd-ªXpw `mKn-I-ambn hfsc hnjaw ]nSn-¨-Xp-amb kqàw (66). acp-¯p-¡-fp-sS- P-·-s¯ -hn-h-cn-¡p¶ A©p ]Zy-§- tfm-Sp-IqSn kqàw XpS-§p-¶p. H¶w ]Zy-¯n AZv`p-X-I-c-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p, acp-¯p-¡-fp-sS- A-½-bmb ]riv\n s]ä-bp-Ss\ Hcp XhW am{Xta a¡Ä¡p ape sImSp-¡p-¶p-Åq. cmw ]Zyw CtX {]tabw XpS-cp-¶p. aq¶n Ah-cpsS AÑ-\mb cp{Zs\ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n acp-¯p-¡Ä P\n-¡p-t¼mįs¶ X§-fp-sS -tZm-j-§sf ip²o-I-cn-¡p¶Xmbn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zyw Ah-cpsS Imap-In-bmb tcmZ-knsb ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zyw acp-¯p-¡-fp-sS -A-´-co-£-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ bm{X-bpsS hÀW-\-am-Wv. F«mw ]Zyw Ah-cpsS klmbw kzoI-cn-¡p¶ hyàn-bp-sS- `m-Ky-s¯¸än ]d-bp-¶p. Ah-cpsS bm{X bÚ-¯n-te- ¡p-Å-Xm-Wv. 9þ10 ]Zy§Ä Gsd-¡psd km{¼-Zm-bn-I-cq-]-¯n-ep-Å-h-b-t{X. BZy-t¯-Xn acp-¯p-¡Ä¡p kqàw cNn-¡p-¶p-sh¶pw cm-a-t¯-Xn Ah-sc- b-Úm-án-bp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. acp-Õq-à-§-fn s]mXpsh ImWm-dpÅ Ah-cpsS sImSp-¦m-än-sâ- kz-`mhw CXn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. -Bdmw aWvU-e-¯n an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« Htc-sbmcp kqà-amWv 67. an{Xmhcp-W-·mÀ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-¡s¸«XXmsW¦n-epw, s]mXp-hn cq]-¯nepw `mh-¯nepw Iptd hnjaw ]nSn-¨-XmWo kqàw. kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv Hcp-hn[w EPp-hm-bm-Wv. an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡pÅ bÚ-kvXpXn \ÂIm³ ]ptcm-l-X-·m- sc -D-Zvt_m-[n-¸n-¨p-sIm-mWv XpS-¡w (1). Ahsc bÚ-¯n-te¡p £Wn-¡p¶p (2-þ3). ]n¶oSv 7þ8 ]Zy-§-tfm- sS-bmWv Cu bÚ-k-µÀ`w Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶-Xv. AZn-Xn-bnÂ\n¶p an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ P\n-¡p-¶-Xp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«- XmWv \memw ]Zyw (4). AhÀ {]]-©s¯ -\n-b-{´n-¡m-\pÅ iàn t\Sp¶p (5-þ6). ap³kq-à-¯n-se- a-cp-¯p- ¡-fpsS P\-\-s¯ -A-\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-WnXv. bÚ-k-µÀ`w hcp-¶-tXmsS tZh-·m-tcmSv tkma-]m-\-¯n-\pÅ A`yÀY-\-bm-Wv. AXv X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-sâ- hn-h-cWap-hnsS (7). F«mw ]Zy-¯n Ahsc Aán (t]cv ]cm- aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã) hnfn-¡p-¶p. bÚm-án-bn-eqsS AhÀ s\¿p `£n-¡p-¶p. CXv A´n-a-J-WvU-¯n-tem¡p (9-þ11) \bn-¡p-¶p. AhnsS At\ym\yw aÕ-cn-¡p¶ bP-am-\-·m-cp-sS-Nn{X-amWv hc¨n-Im«p-¶-Xv. an{Xm-h-cp-W- ·mÀ X§-fpsS ASp¯p h¶n-«n-sÃ-¦n (8 D¯-cmÀ[w) AhÀ asä-hn-sStbm BWv. Ihn Cu aÕc-s¯ -Xo-{h- amb `mj-bn-emWv hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv (9). an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cpsS [mÀan-I-\n-b-a-ew-L-\-am-W-Xv. ]¯mw ]Zy-¯n tZh-·m-cpsS \nb-{´-W-ti-jnbpw P\-§Ä¡n-S-bn kam-[m\w ]men-¡m-\pÅ iànbpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-]Zyw (11) an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cpsS c£-bn-emb X§Ä Ah-cnÂ\n¶p tkma-b-Úm-´y-¯n {]Xo-£n- ¡p¶ DZm-c-amb Zm\-§-sf-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. bP-am-\-·mÀ¡n-S-bnse InS-a-Õ-c-¯nsâ ssk\n-I-ssN-X\yw kqà- ¯nse aäp ]Zy-§-fn-se-¶-t]mse Ah-km-\-`mK¯pw apg-§p-¶-Xp-t]mse tXm¶pw. bÚ-]-c-amb ]mc-kv]cy¯nsâ {]tabw 68-þmw kqà-¯n ap¶n-«p-\n¡p-¶p. cp tZh-X-I-sfbpw Iq«mbpw Häbv¡pw kvXpXn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ktµiw efnXw: `àn-]qÀhw tZhXm Zzµz-¯n\p \mw \ÂIp¶ bÚ¯n\v DZm-c-amb k¼-t¯m-Sp-IqSnb {]Xn-^ew e`n-¡pw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ccp-tZ-h-X-I-sfbpw ChnsS hcp-¯m-\pÅ bÚ¯nsâ Adn-bn-¸m-Wv. ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn kvXpXn. Ah-cn-cp-h-sc-bpw-Ip-dn-¨pÅ At§-b-äs¯ hnti-j-W-{]-tbm-K-§-fpsS ]c-¼-c-bm-Wv cmw ]Zy-¯nÂ. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯n AhcpsS [Àa-§-fn-epÅ Bt]-£n-I-ssh-cp[yw \ng-en-¡p-¶p. \men AhÀ aäp tZh-·msc At]-£n¨v Hu¶Xyw IqSp-X-ep-Å-h-cm-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. 5þ8 ]Zy-§-fn ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ¡pw c£n-Xm-¡Ä¡pw-th-n-bpÅ k¼- ¯mWp e£yw. Cu \mep ]Zy-§-fnepw k¼-ZÀY-I-amb cbo-]Zw ImWmw. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-§-fn (9-þ11) At¸mÄ \S-¡p¶ bÚ-¯nsâ Nn{X-Ww. AhnsS k¶n-ln-X-cmb tZh-·mÀ tkma]m\¯n\v Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn £Wn- ¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. 69-þmw kqà-¯n an¡-Xn-sâbpw tI{µw XnI¨pw bÚ-]-c-am-Wv. tZh-·mÀ hnhn-[-cq-]-§-fn-epÅ kvXpXn Bkz-Zn-¡m\pw tkma-]m-\-¯n-\p-ambn bÚ-¯n-te¡v Hcp-an-¨p-h-cm\pw ]I-c-ambn X§Ä¡p k¼¯p Xcm\pw hop hopw DZvt_m-[n-¸n¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Hcp ]Zy-¯n (4) am{Xw hnjvWp-hnsâ hn{ip-X-amb ""hn{Iaw'' Ccp- h-cp-tS-Xp-ambn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-]-Zy(8)-¯n-sem-gnsI Ccp-h-scbpw Zzµz-k-am-k-¯n kwt_m-[\ sN¿p- ¶p. Ahn-sS-bm-Is« cp-t]-scbpw shtÆ-sd-bmWv kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-Xv. 70þmw- kq-à-¯nse kzÀK-`q-an-I-fpsS Cu hmgv¯v Ahsb FÃm Xc-¯n-ep-apÅ {Zh-§-fp-ambn _Ôn-¸n- ¡p-¶p. kqà-¯nse BZy-]-Zw-Xs¶ LrX-sa-¶m-Wv. B ]Zy-¯nse aäp `mK-§-fn ]mÂ, tX³, tcXÊv F¶o hm¡p-IÄ ImWp-¶p. aäp ]Zy-§-fn Ch BhÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. bYm-{Iaw s\¿n\pw tX\n\pw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« 4, 5 F¶o kam-´c]Zy-§Ä t\m¡p-I. Cu cp tZh-X-I-fpsS `uXn-I-Kp-W-§fpw Bcm-[-\m- hn-j-b§-sf-¶- -\n-ebv¡v Ah-bpsS ]Z-hnbpw bÚ-¯nse kvXp-Xnbpw \ap¡p {]Xn-^-e-§Ä \ÂIm-\pÅ Ah-bpsS Ignhpw Ihn hÀWn-¡p-¶p. 71-þmw kqà-¯n-sâ -cp `mK-§Ä hyXy-kvX-hr-¯-§ÄsImp hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXpÄs¸-sS- bpÅ Imc-W-§-fm CXp cp kqà-§-fm-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶v sKÂU-\dpw aäpw A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. H¶mw ]Zyw ""DZpjy tZhx khnXm'' F¶p XpS-§p-¶p. \memw ]Zyhpw C§-s\-¯-s¶ -Xp-S-§p-¶p. cmw ]Zyw {]mXx-kq- à-t¯msS Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. khn-Xmhv Poh-Pm-e-§sf ssZ\-µn-\-{]-hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡p t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n kmbw-Im-e¯v hn{i-an-¸n-¡m-\mWv khn-Xm-hn-sâ- t{]-cW F¶p t`Zw. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nepw kam-´-c- ambn Bdmw ]Zy-¯nepw tZh-t\m-SpÅ klm-b-¯n-\pw- a-äp-apÅ A`yÀY-\. 72-þm-as¯ {lkzkqà-¯n-se Hmtcm ]Zyhpw kqà-kzo-IÀ¯m-¡-fmb C{µ-s\bpw tkma-s\bpw Zzµz- k-am-k-¯n kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Hmtcm ]Zyhpw C{µsâ {]m]-©n-I-amtbm a\p-jy-\-·-bv¡p-th-ntbm Dff Ht¶m AXn-e-[n-Itam hoc-IÀa-§sf F®n-¸-d-bp-¶p. ChnsS Ah sNbvXXv cp-t]-cp-am-sW-¶mWv ]d- ªn-«p-Å-Xv. C{µ³ FÃm hoc-Ir-Xy-§fpw sNbvXXv tkma]m-\-¯n-\p-ti-j-am-I-bm CXn AZv`p-X-an-Ã. 73-þm-as¯ Cu {lkzkqà-¯n- _rlkv]Xn C{µsâ hoc-IÀa-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn C{µ-\nÂ\n¶v A`n-¶- \mbn kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqà-¯nse Ah-km-\-]-Z-¯nÂ\n-¶mWv he-Kpl Xpd-¡p-¶-Xn Kmb-I\pw a{´- Im-c-\p-amb _rl-kv]-Xn- h-ln¨ ]¦p hyà-am-Ip-¶-Xv. 74-þm-as¯ Cu kqà-¯n am{X-amWv tkmam-cp-{Z-·m-sc kw-bpàambn kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-Xv. CXn-se -\mep ]Zy-§-fnepw Zzµzk-am-k-¯n-epÅ Cu {]tbm-K-ap-p-Xm-\pw. hmkvX-h-¯n Cu cp tZh-·mÀ¡v s]mXp-hmbn H¶pw ]d-bm-\n-Ã. tcmK-i-a-\w (2), ia-\u-j-[-Zm\w (3) F¶n-h-sbms¡ cp{Z-\p-am{Xw {]k-à-am- b-h-bm-Wv. inh(4)-]-Z-am-Is« ]n¶oSv B tZ-h-s\ -am{Xw Ipdn-¡p-¶-Xp-am-bn. aWvU-em-´y-¯n 75-þm-at¯Xmbn tNÀ¯ Cu ck-I-c-amb kqàw Gähpw kvac-Wo-b-a-t{X. bp²-¯n- se- B-bp-[-§-sfbpw Ah-bpsS `m-K-§-sfbpw CXn kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. CXn\p {]tl-fn-I¸«n-I-bpsS LS-\- bmWv CXn-\p-Å-Xv. Hmtcm Bbp-[-¯n\pw Hmtcm ]Zyw. Nnte-S¯v ]Zy-¯nsâ XpS-¡-¯n Bbp-[-¯nsâ t]cp ]dbpw (2). an¡-bn-S-§-fnepw Ah-km-\-w IS-¦-Ym-{]m-b-amb \nÀh-N-\-¯n-\p-ap³]mWv hcnI. hnjbw {]tem-`\o-b-bmb h\n-X-sb-t¸msetbm hÕ-e-am-Xm-hn-s\-t¸m-se-tbm (3-þ4) hÀWn-¡-s¸« ]Zy-§Ä hnti- jn¨pw ck-\o-b-am-bn-«p-v. bp²-¯nse lnwkm-ß-I-Xbv¡p t\sc hncp-²-am-WtÃm CXv. BZys¯ ]¯p ]Zy- §Ä Hcp kqàw-t]mse hmbn-¡mw. ]¯mw ]Zyw kqàm-´-]-Zyw-t]mse tXm¶pw. Hcp kwLw tZh-·m- tcmSpw ]qÀhn-I-tcm-Sp-apÅ kwc£-Wm-`yÀ\bmW-Xv. {]tl-fn-Im-]-Zy-§-fpsS XpSÀ¨ ]ns¶ CS-bv¡n-sStb DÅq (11, 13-þ15). Bbp-[-§-tfmSp t\cn-«pÅ A`yÀY-\-Ifpw ImWmw. GXp Xc-¯n-epÅ i{Xp-shbpw \in-¸n- ¡-W-sa¶v A´n-a-]-Zy-¯n (19) ]d-bp-¶p. Bdmw aWvU-ew, H¶mw kqàw `c-ZzmP _mÀl-kv]-Xy³ Ejn; 13 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v; Aán tZhX Cu kqàw bÚm-án-sb-¸-än-bm-Ip-¶p. Aán- F¯n-t¨-cp-¶Xpw tlmXm-hmbn {]Xn-jvTn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw {]tXy-I-ambn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p (1-þ3). hyàn-Kr-l-¯nÂ\n¶v tKm{X-§-fn-te¡pw IpSn-tb-ä-¸mÀ¸n-S-§-fn-te¡pw a\p- jycn-te-¡p-apÅ Aán-bpsS hchv Ah-tem-I\w sN¿p¶p (4-þ8). 9þ10 ]Zy-§fn kvXpXnbpw Aán AÀln- ¡p¶ tkh-\-§-fpat{X. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä Aán-bpsS B\p-Iq-ey-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨v. 1. Xzw lytá {]Ytam at\mþ Xmkym [ntbm A`thm Zkva tlmXm Xzw kow hrj¶IrtWmÀZp-jvS-coXp ktlm hnizkvssa kltk klss[y Atá Akymx [nbx {]Yax at\mXm Atá! ChnsS Cu DÄ¡m-gv¨-bpÅ Nn´bv¡v Gä-hp-am-Zys¯ Ccn-¸n-Sambn Zkva tlmXm A`hx ln AÛp-X-I-ct\! \o tlmXm-hm-bn¯o-À-¶mepw! hrj³ Xzw kow hnizkvssa kltk Imtf! \o (Nn-´-sbbpw) asäÃm iàn-sbbpw klss[y ZpjvScoXp klx AIrtWmx AXn-{I-an-¡m³ hnj-a-apÅ iàn-bm-¡n¯oÀ¯p. 2. A[m tlmXm \ykotZm bPo-bmþ \nf-kv]Z Cj-b-¶oUyx k³ Xw Xzm \cx {]Yaw tZh-bt´m atlm cmtb NnX-bt´m A\p ܳ A[ Cfx ]tZ Cj-b³ CuUyx k³ ]ns¶ `£-W-¯nsâ ]mZ-ap{Z A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯nbpw kmZcw hnfn¡-s¸-«pw- tlmXm bPo-bm³ \ykoZx \o tlmXm-hmbpw D¶-X-\mb bP-am-\-\mbpw Ccn¡p-¶p. \cx cmtb alx tZh-b´x NnX-b´x a\p-jyÀ k¼-¯n-sâ Imcy-¯n alm-·m-cpw hninjvS-cpamb tZh -·msc Adnbp-Ibpw A\p ܳ Xw Xzm {]Yaw A\pKan-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pt¼mÄ \obmWv H¶m-a-t¯-h³. 3. hrtXh b´w _lp-`nÀh-k-sshyþ kvtXz cbnw PmKr-hmwtkm A\p ܳ cpi-´-aánw ZÀiXw _rl´w h]m-h´w hnizlm ZoZn-hmwkw hrXm Ch _lp`nx hksshyx kwL-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-sb-¶t]mse [mcmfw km[-\-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn b´w PmKr-hmwkx cpi´w ZÀiXw \o hcp-t¼mÄ DWÀ¶hÀ Zo]vX\pw ZÀi-\o-b\pw _rl´w h]m-h´w Kw`o-c\pw (l-hn-Êm-b- b-Ú-ar-K¯nsâ) h] kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-h\pw hnizlm ZoZn-hmwkw Aánw Znh-k-§-fn-ep-S-\ofw Xnf-§p¶-h-\p-amb Aánbmb \ns¶bpw tXz cbnw A\p ܳ \nsâ Acn-In-epÅ k¼-¯n-s\bpw A\p-K-an-¡p¶p. 4. ]Zw tZhky \akm hy´x {ih-kyhx {ih B]-¶-aràw \mam\n NnZv Z[ntc bÚn-bm\n `{Zmbmw tX cW-b´ kµrjvSu {ih-kyhx \akm tZhky ]Zw hy´x IoÀ¯n tXSn kvXpXn-tbm-Sp-IqSn tZh-·m-cpsS ]mX ]n´p -SÀ¶p-sImv Aaràw {ihx B]³ AhÀ A\-iz-cIoÀ¯n t\Sp¶p; \mam\n NnZv bÚn-bm\n Z[ntc AhÀ kzo-I-cn¨ t]cpIÄt]mepw bÚmÀl-§ft{X. tX `{Zmbmw kµrjvSu cW-b´ \nsâ awK-f-I-c-amb Bhn-jvI-c-W-¯n AhÀ kt´m-jn-¡p-¶p. 5. Xzmw hÀ[´n £nXbx ]rYnhymw Xzmw cmb D`-bmtkm P\m\mw Xzw {XmXm XctW tNtXym `qx ]nXm amXm kZ-an-·m-\p-jmWmw Xzmw ]rYnhymw £nXbx hÀ[´n \ns¶ `qan-bnse IpSn-tb-ä¸mÀ¸n-S-§Ä iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p; Xzmw D`-bmkx P\m\mw cmbx \ns¶ cp ""P\-§-fp-sS-bpw (c£n-Xm-¡-fp-sSbpw Kmb-I-cp-sSbpw) k¼-¯p-IÄ'' (iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p.) XctW Xzw am\p-jmWmw kZw CXv AXn-{I-an-¡p-¶-ht\! \o a\p-jyÀ¡v Fs¶¶pwXs¶ tNXyx {XmXm ]nXm amXm `qx {it²-b-\mbn c£n-¡p¶ AÑ\pw A½-bp-am-Wv! 6. k]-tcyWyx k {]ntbm hn£z-ánÀþ tlmXm at{µm \njm-kmZm bPo-bm³ Xw Xzm hbw Za B ZoZn-hmw-kþ ap] RvPp_mt[m \akm ktZa kx {]nbx Aánx hn£p k]-tcyWyx {]nb-s¸« Aán tKm{X-(hw-i)§Ä¡n-S-bn tkhn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. a{µx bPo-bm³ tlmXm \n jkmZ B\µn-¸n-¡p¶ D¶-Xb-P-am-\-\mb tlmXm-hmbn Ah³ Ccn¡p-¶p. hbw Zta ZoZn-hmwkw Xw Xzm R-§Ä ho«n Xnf-§p¶ B \ns¶, \akm RvPp_m[x D] B ktZa -BZ-c-thm-sS ap«p-Ip¯n kvXpXn-tbm-Sp-IqSn kao-]n-¡s«! 7. Xw Xzm hbw kpt[ym \hy-atá kpav\m-bh Cuatl tZh-b´x Xzw hntim A\tbm ZoZymt\m Znthm Atá _r-lXm tcmN-t\\ Atá kp[yx hbw Xw \hyw Atá! \à DÄ¡m-gv¨-tbmSp-Iq-Snb R§Ä \o ]pXp-Xm-hp-t¼mÄ tZh-b´x kpav\-bhx Xzm Cuatl tZh-·msc At\zjn¨v ImcpWyw tXSn \ns¶ hnfn-¡p-¶p. Atá Xzw Znhx _rlXm Atá! kzÀK-¯nse Kw`o-c-amb tcmN-t\\ ZoZym\x hnix A\bx {]Im-i-km-{am-Py-¯n-eqsS Xnf-§n-s¡mv \o tKm{X-§sf \bn-¨mepw! 8. hnimw Ihnw hniv]Xnw iiz-Xo\mw \ntXm-i\w hrj`w NÀj-Wo\mw t{]Xo-jWnanj-b´w ]mhIw cmP-´-aánw bPXw cboWmw iiz-Xo\mw hnimw hniv]Xnw Ihnw Hmtcm tKm{X-¯nsâbpw tKm{X-{]-`p-hmb Ejn-Ihnbpw NÀj-Wo\mw \ntXm-i\w hrj`w IpSn-tb-ä-km-{am-Py-§fpsS BÀ`m-S-]qÀhw Ihn-sªm-gp-Ip¶ Imfbpw t{]Xn CujWnw Cj-b´w ]mhIw (b-Ú-¯nsâ) apt¶m-«pÅ t]m¡ns\ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw A`n-hr²n-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶- ]hn-{X-\pw bPXw cboWmw cmP´w Aánw bÚmÀl\pw k¼¯pIÄ `cn-¡p-¶-h\p-amb Aánsb (R -§Ä hnfn-¡p-¶p). 9. tkm Aá CutP iita N aÀt¯m bkvX B\Sv kan[m lhy-ZmXnw b BlpXnw ]cn thZm \tam-`nÀþ hntizXv k hmam Z[tX tXzmXx Atá bx tX kan[m lhy-ZmXnw B\Sv Atá! \ns¶ Pzen-¸n-¨-Xn-\p-tijw \n\-¡p- l-hn-Êp-\ÂInb kx aÀ¯x CutP iita N a\p-jy³ bPn¡p-Ibpw bÚ-]-c-ambn A[zm-\n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. bx \tam`nx BlpXnw ]cn thZ Ah\p kvXpXn-IÀa-§tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb lhn-Ên\p Npäp-apÅ Xsâ hgn -I-f-dn-bmw. kx tXzmXx hnizm CZv hmam Z[tX Ah³ \n¶m klmbn-¡-s¸Spt¼mÄ FÃm Aaq-ey-h-kvXp-¡fpw t\Sp¶p. 10. Akvam D tX aln atl hnt[a \tam-`n-ctá kan-t[mX lsshyx thZo kqt\m kltkm KoÀ`n-cp-IvssYþ cm tX `{Zmbmw kpaXu btXa Atá Akvssa atl -tX D kan[m Atá! Chn-sS -a-lm-\mb \n\¡v R§-tfm-Sp-IqSn, iàn-]p{Xm! Na-Xt¡m-ep-Ifpw lsshyx thZo KoÀ`nx lhn-Êp-Ifpw thZnbpw GIm-{K-ZrV-amb hm¡p-Ifpw DIvssYx aln hnt[a kqà-§fpw sImv a-l-¯mb BZcw \ÂIs«! B tX `{Zmbmw kpaXu btXa ChnsS \nsâ- aw-K-f-I-camb kua-\-ky-¯n R§Ä Ign-bs«! 11. B bkvX-XÙ tcmZko hn `mkm {ithm-`nÝ {ih-ky-kvX-cp{Xx _rl-Zv`nÀhmssPx Øhn-tc-`n-ckvta tch-Zv`n-ctá hnXcw hn `mln bx `mkm tcmZko hn B XXÙ \o {]Im-i-¯m cp temImÀ[-§-fn-eqsS \op-]-c-¶p-In-S-¡p -Ibpw {ithm`nx Xcp{Xx {ihkyx N IoÀ¯n-bpsS (hm¡p-I-fneqsS) (B-sc-bpw) adn-I-S-¡p¶ IoÀ¯n¡v AÀl-\m-hpIbpw sN¿p-¶p. Akvta _rlZv`nx Øhn-tc`nx R§Ä¡v Kw`-o-chpw Ønchp-w tchZv`nx hmssPx Atá hnXcw hn `mln k¼-¶-§fpamb k½m-\-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn, Atá! IqSp-X hym]-I-ambn {]Imin-¨mepw! 12. \rhZv htkm kZ-anZv t[lykvta `qcn tXmImb X\-bmb ]izx ]qÀho-cntjm _rl-Xo-cmtc ALm Akvta `{Zm ku{i-h-km\n k´p htkm Akvta kZw CZv \rhXv \Ã-ht\! R§Ä¡v Ft¸mgpw a\p-jy-À\ndªv tXmImb X\-bmb `qcn ]izx t[ln R§-fpsS k´Xn-]-c¼-c-bv¡pw A\-´-c-X-eap-dbv¡pw [m-cmfw ]ip-¡-sf \ne \nÀ¯nbmepw! Btc- ALmx Akvta ]qÀhox _rlXox tZmj-§sfÃmw AIse \nÀ¯p-amdv R§Ä¡p [mcmfw I\¯ Cjx ku{i-h-km\n `{Zm k´p `£-W-§-fp-w k¡oÀ¯n ssIh-cp-¯p¶ awK-f-h-kvXp-¡fpw Dm -hs«! 13. ]pcq-Wytá ]pcp[m Xzmbm hkq\n cmP³ hkpXm tX Aiymw ]pcqWn ln tXz ]pcp-hmc kþ ´ytá hkp hn[tX cmP\n tXz Atá cmP³ tX hkpXm ]pcp[m Atá! cmPmth! \·-bnepw sshhn-[y-¯nepw ]pcqWn hkq\n Xzmbm Aiymw [mcmfamb km[-\-§Ä \ns¶ tXSp-¶-Xn-eqsS Rm³ \n¶nÂ\n¶p t\Ss«! ln ]pcp-hmc Atá tXz cmP\n Imc-Ww, ]e B\p-Iq-ey§-fp-apÅ Atá! \o cmPm-hm-b-Xp-sImv hn[tX tXz ]pcqWn hkp k´n \ns¶- B-Z-cn-¡p-¶-h-\pthn \n¶n [mcmfw km[-\-§-fp-v. Bdmw aWvU-ew, \m¸t¯gmw kqàw KÀK `mc-ZzmP³ Ejn; 31 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v (_r-lXv 19, A\p-jvSp¸v 23, Kmb{Xn 24, Zzn]Z 25, PKXn 27 HgnsI); tkma³, C{µ³, tZh-·mÀ, `qan, _rl-kv]Xo{µ-·mÀ, krRvP-bsâ ]n·p-d-¡m-c³ {]kvtXm- I³, tXcv, s]cp-¼-d, C{µ³ F¶nhÀ tZhX. `mc-Zzm-P-·m-cpsS Cu IpSpw-_-kqàw apJy-ambn C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«Xpw Cu aWvU-e-¯n C{µ-hr- ¯-¯nsâ Ah-km\¯n tNÀ¯-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. ]c-kv]cw Aev]-_-Ô-ap-ÅtXm Hcp _Ô-hp-an-Ãm¯tXm DÄs¸sS ]e sNdnb GI-I-§-fm-Wn-Xn-ep-Å-Xv. Ch-bpsS hn`-P-\-s¯-¡p-dn¨v ]WvUn-X-tem-I¯v XÀ¡w \ne- \n¡p-¶p-v. tkmas\/tkma-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ AXn-Kw-`o-c-amb kvXpXn-tbmsS (1-þ5) kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ (6) ]Zy-¯n C{µs\ tkmaw IpSn-¡m³ £Wn-¡p-¶p. am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n-em-Wn-sX¶p hyàw. 7þ21 ]Zy-§Ä ]qÀWambn C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-X-am-Wv. C{µ-kvXp-Xn, C{µsâ hoc-IÀa-§Ä, `£-W-¯n\pw kpc- £n-X-Xz-¯n-\pw- th-n-bp-Å-XpÄs¸sS C{µ-t\m-SpÅ hnhn-[-§-fmb A`yÀY-\-IÄ apX-emb ChnsS \nd-ªp- \n¡p-¶p. 22-þ25 ]Zy-§Ä Zm\-kvXpXn DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Gähpw Akm-[m-cm-W-amb ]Zy-§-fmWv kqàm-h- km-\-`m-K¯v (26-þ31) \mw ImWp-¶-Xv. aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (26-þ28) tXcn-s\bpw aqs¶®w s]cp-¼-d-sbbpw kwt_m- [\ sN¿p-¶p. 1. kzmZp-jvIn-embw a[p-am-\p-Xmbw Xo{hx Inembw ck-hm-\p-Xmbw DtXm \zky ]]n-hmw-k-an{µw \ IÝ\ klX Bl-thjp Abw kzmZpx Ine DX Abw a[p-am³ XoÀ¨-bmbpw CXp a[p-c-ap-Å-Xpw a[p-hq-dp-¶-Xpam-Wv. Abw Xo{hx Ine DX Abw ck-hm³ XoÀ¨-bmbpw CXp Xo{h-hpw ck-]qÀW-hp-a-t{X. DtXm \p Aky ]]n-hmwkw C{µw am{Xa-Ã, Ct¸mÄ C{µ\m-WnXp IpSn-¨-Xv. Bl-thjp \ Ix N\ kltX shÃp-hn-fn-I-fn Ahs\ Bcpw AXn-{I-an-¡p-¶n-Ã. 2. Abw kzmZp-cnl aZnjvT Bk btkyt{µm hr{X-ltXy aamZ ]pcq-Wn bÝyuXv\m iw_-cky hn \hXnw \h N tZtlym-l³ Abw kzmZpx Cl aZnjvTx Bk Cu a[p-c-ap-ÅXv ChnsS Gähpw aZ-I-c-am-bn-cp¶p; bky C{µx hr{X-ltXy aamZ AXn-t·-emWv C{µ³ hr{Xs\ sImÃp-¶-Xn\p aZw ]q-Xv. bx ]pcqWn NyuXv\m iw_-cky Ah³ ]e hn{I-a-§(-f\p-jvTn-¨p-sImv) iw_-csâ \hXnw \h N tZlyx hn l³ sXm®q-säm³]Xp Npa-cpIÄ XIÀ¯n-«p. 3. Abw ta ]oXx DZn-bÀ¯n hmNþ abw a\o-jm-ap-i-Xo-a-PoKx Abw jfpÀho-c-an-aoX [otcm \ bmt`ym `ph\w I¨-\mtc ]oXx Abw ta hmNw DZv CbÀ¯n IpSn¨ Ch³ Fsâ hm-¡ns\ DbÀ¯p-¶p; Abw DiXow a\ojmw APoKx Ch³ DÕp-I-amb {]tNmZn-X-Nn´ {]Imin¸n-¡p-¶p. Abw [ocx jUv DÀhox Aan-aoX Cu _p²n-am³ Bdp hnim-e-amb (km-{am-Py-§Ä) Af-¶p. bm`yx IXv N\ `ph\w \ Btc AXnÂ\n¶v Hcp Poh-Pmehpw hn«p-\n¡p-¶n-Ã. 4. Abw k tbm hcn-amWw ]rYnhym hÀjvamWw Znthm AIr-tWm-Zbw kx Abw ]obqjw Xnkrjp {]hÕp tkmtam Zm[mtcmÀhy´-cn£w bx ]rYnhymx hcn-amWw Ch-\mWv `qan-bpsS hnImkhpw Abw kx Znhx hÀjvamWw AIr-tWmXv kzÀK-¯nsâ Hu¶-Xyhp-w Dm-¡n-b-Xv. kx Abw Xnkrjp {]hÕp ]obqjw Zm[mc Ch-\mWv aq¶p Ncn-hp-I-fn (tem-I-§-fnÂ) ckw krjvSn¨-Xv; Abw tkmax Dcp A´-cn£w Cu tkma³ hnim-e-amb A´-co£w (DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¨p). 5. Abw hnZ-¨n-{X-Zr-io-I-aÀWx ip{I-k-Zva-\m-ap-j-km-a-\otI Abw alm³ alXm kvIw`t\þ t\m Zyma-kvX-`v-\mZv hrjt`m acp-Xzm³ Abw ip{I-k-Zva\mw Djkmw A\otI Ch³ an¶n-¯n-f§p¶ Ccn-¸n-S-§-tfmSpIq-Snb Dj-ÊpI-fpsS apJ¯v Nn{X-Zr-ioIw AÀWx hnZXv DÖz-e-amb {]Xy-£-`m-h-¯n shÅ-s¸m¡w Is-¯p¶p. alm³ Abw acp-Xzm³ hrj`x alm-\mb Cu acp-¯p-¡-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Imf alXm kvIw`-t\\ Zymw DZv AkvX-`v\mXv al¯mb XqtWm-Sp-IqSn kzÀKs¯ -Xm-§n-\nÀ¯n. 6. [rjXv ]n_ Ieti tkma-an{µ hr{Xlm iqc- k-atc hkq\mw am[y-µnt\ kh\ B hrjkz cbn-Øm- t\m- c-bn-a-kvamkp t[ln C{µ hkq\mw katc iqc C{µm! km[-\-§-fpsS kwK-a-¯nÂ, tbm²mth! hr{Xlm Ieti tkmaw [rjXv ]n_ hr{X-l-´m-hmb \o ]m{X-¯n tkmaw [oc-ambn IpSn-¨mepw! am[y-µnt\ kht\ B hrjkz am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n kzbw aq¡äw ap§n-bmepw! cbn-Øm\x Akvamkp cbnw t[ln k¼-¯n-¶n-S-bnÂ\n¶psImv R§Ä¡p k¼¯p Øm]n-¨mepw! 7. C{µ {] Wx ]pc-G-tX-h -]iy {] t\m \b {]Xcw htkym AÑ `hm kp]mtcm AXn-]m-ctbm t\m `hm kp\o-Xn-cpX hma-\oXnx C{µ ]pc-GXm Ch \x {] ]iy C{µm! apt¶m«p t]mIp¶ a\p-jy-s\-t¸m-se, \o R§-fpsS t\sc t\m¡n-bmepw! \x hkyx AÑ {]Xcw {] \b R§sf C\nbpw sa¨-s¸« \nebn-te¡p apt¶m«p \bn-¨mepw! kp]mcx `h \x AXn ]mcb \à adp-I-c-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb \o R§sf adp-Ic IS¯n-bmepw! kp\oXnx DX hma-\oXnx `h \à amÀK-ZÀi-\-ap-Å-h\pw A`ne-j-Wo-b-h-kvXp-¡Ä ssIh-cp-¯p-¶-h-\p -am-bmepw! 8. Dcpw t\m temI-a\p t\jn hnZzm³ kzÀh-tÖym-Xn-c-`bw kzkvXn Ejzm X C{µ Øhn-cky _mlq D] tØbma- i-cWm _rl´m hnZzm³ \x Dcpw temIw kzÀhZv tPymXnx hnZzm-\mb \o R§sf hnim-e-temI-¯n-te¡pw kqcytPymXnÊn -te¡pw A`bw kzkvXn A\p t\jn \nÀ`-b-X-bn-te¡pw t£a-¯nte¡pw \bn-¨mepw! C{µ Øhn-cky tX _mlq Ejzm C{µm! AXn-Im-b-\mb \nsâ _mlp-¡Ä D¶-X-§-fm-Ip-¶p. _rl´m icWm D] tØbma R§Ä Kw`o-c-amb Cu cv A`-b-tI-{µ-§sf kao-]n-¡s«! 9. hcnjvtT \ C{µ hÔptc [m hlnjvTtbmx i-Xm-h¶iz-tbmcm Cjam h£ojmw hÀjnjvTmw am \kvXm-co-·-L-h³ cmtbm Acyx iX-h³ C{µ \x hln-jvTtbmx Aiztbmx \qdp-I-fp-Å-ht\! C{µm! R§sf Gähpw \¶mbn hen-¡p¶ cp IpXn-c-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b hcnjvtT hÔptc B [mx Gähpw hoXn-bpÅ tXÀs¸-«n-bn \nÀ¯n-bmepw! Cjmw hÀjnjvTmw Cjw B h£n `£-W-§-fpsS AXyp¶-X-amb `£Ww ChnsS hcp-¯n-bmepw! aL-h³ Acyx \x cmbx am XmcoXv DZmcm! R§-fpsS (`£-Ww) ""A]-cn-Nn-X-sâ- k-¼-¯p-I-fn-te¡p'' IS-¡cptX! 10. C{µ arf alyw Pohm-Xp-anÑ tNmZb [nbabtkm \ [mcmw bXv InwNmlw Xzmbp-cnZw hZman XÖp-jkz Ir[n am tZh-h´w arf C{µ alyw PohmXpw CÑ A\p-{Kl-_p-²n-bmb C{µm! F\n¡v Hcp Poh-\-amÀKw tXSn-bmepw! Abkx [mcmw \ [nbw tNmZb Ccp-¼n-sâ- hm-bv¯-e t]mse Fsâ Imhy-Nn-´sb {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¨m-epw! Xzmbpx Alw CZw bXv Inw N hZman \nt¶m-Sp `ànbpÅ Rm³ Cu H¶p ]d-bp¶p: XZv Ppjkz am tZh-h´w Ir[n CXv Bkz-Zn-¨mepw! Fs¶ tZh-·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-¡n-bmepw! 11. {XmXm-c-an-{µ-a-hn-Xm-c-an{µw lth lth kp lhw iqc-an{µw lzbman i{Iw ]pcp-lq-X-an{µw kzkvXn t\m aLhm [mXzn{µ C{µw {XmXmcw C{µw Ahn-Xmcw C{µ³ c£-I-\mWv; C{µ³ klm-bn-bmWv; C{µw lth lth lhw kp iqcw C{µ³ FÃm hnfn-I-fnepw hnfn-¡m-hp¶ \à tbm²m-hm-Wv. ]pcp-lqXw i{Iw C{µw lzbman Rm³ ]e-cm hnfn-¡s¸-Sp¶ ià-\mb C{µs\ hnfn-¡p-¶p. aLhm C{µx \x kzkvXn [mXp DZm-c-\mb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v t£aw Øm]n-¡s«! 12. C{µx kp{Xmam kzm\-thm`nx kpar-fotIm `h-Xp -hn-iz-thZmx _m[Xmw tZztjm A`bw IrtWmXp kpho-cyky ]Xbx kyma C{µx kp{Xmam Athm`nx kzhm³ C{µ³ \à kwc-£Whpw Xsâ klm-b-¯m \à klm-bhpw kpar-foIx `hXp hfsc Zbbp-Å-h\pamhs«! hniz-thZmx tZzjx _m[Xmw FÃm kz¯p-¡-fp-apÅ Ah³ shdp-¸ns\ Zqsc Ip¯n-sb-dn-bs«! A`bw IrtWmXp kpho-cyky ]Xbx kyma Ah³ A`-bapm¡s«! R§Ä \à hoc-·m-cpsS {]`p -¡-fm-hs«! 13. Xky hbw kpaXu bÚn-b-kymþ ]n `t{Z kua-\tk kyma \ kp{Xmam kzhm-\nt{µm Akvta Bcm-¨nZv tZzjx k\p-XÀbp-tbmXp hbw bÚn-bky Xky kpaXu R§Ä bÚmÀl-\mb Ahsâ B\p-Iq-ey-¯n-epw `t{Z kua-\tk A]n kyma {]k-¶-amb A\p-I-¼-bnepam-hs«! kx C{µx kp{Xmam Akvta kzhm³ B C{µ\v \à kwc£-Whpw R§-Ä¡v Ahsâ klm-b-hp-ap -m-hs«! BcmXv NnXv k\pXx tZzjx bptbmXp Zqsc-\n-¶p-t]mepapÅXpw Hfn-ªn-cn-¸p-Å-Xp-amb shdp¸v AI -¶p-t]m-hs«! 14. Ah tXz C{µ {]htXm t\mÀanÀþ Kntcm {_ÒmWn \nbptXm [ht´ Dcq \ cm[x kh\m ]pcq-Wyþ t]m Km h{Pn³ bphtk kan-µq³ C{µ Kncx {_ÒmWn \nbpXx C{µm! kqà-§fpw ]hn-{X-a-{´-§fpw kwL-§-fmbn, {]hXx DuÀanx \ DX cm[x \ Ncn-hp-I-fnÂ\n¶p Xnc-sb¶-t]m-sebpw \nsâ sImÅ-ap-XÂt]msebpw ]pcqWn kh\m tXz Ah [ht´ [mcmfw kh\-§-fpw \n¶n-te-t¡mSnbn-d§p-¶p. h{Pn³ A] Kmx Cµq³ kw bphtk h{P-[cm! \o shÅt¯mSpw ]ip-¡-tfmSpw IW-§-tfm-Sp-sam-cp -an¨p tNcp¶p! 15. I Cuw kvXhXv Ix ]r-WmXv tIm bPmtX bZp-{K-an-·-Lhm hniz-lm-thXv ]mZm-hnh {]l-c-¶-\y-a\yw IrtWmXn ]qÀh-a-]cw iNo`nx bZv aLhm hnizlm D{Kw CZv AthXv DZm-c-\mb Ah³ FÃm-bvt¸mgpw iàs\ am{Xta klm-bn-¡p-I -bp-Åp-sh¦n Ix Cuw kvXhXv Ix ]rWmXv Ix bPmtX BcmWv Ahs\ kvXpXn-¡p-Ibpw \nd-bv¡p-Ibpw bPn-¡p -Ibpw sN¿pI? ]mZu A\yw A\yw {]l-c³ Ch Xsâ -cp Imep-IÄ Hmtcm-¶mbn Ip\n-¡p-¶-h-s\-t¸m-se, iNo`nx ]qÀhw A]cw IrtWmXn Ah³ Xsâ iànIÄsImv ]n¶n-embn-cp¶hs\ ap¶nem¡p¶p. 16. irtWz hoc D{K-ap{Kw Zam-bþ a\y-a-\y-a-Xn-t\-\o-b-am\x G[-am-\-Zznfp`bky cmPm tNmjvIq-btX hni Ct{µm a\p-jym³ A\yw A\yw AXn-t\-\o-b-am\x amdn amdn Hcp-h-¶-¸pdw asäm-cp-hs\ \bn-¨p-sImv XpSÀ¨-bmbn D{Kw D{Kw Za-b³ hocx irtWz Hmtcm ià-s\bpw AS¡p¶ Ah³ hoc-\mbn IoÀ¯n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. G[-am-\-ZznSv D`-bky cmPm C{µx £Wn-I-tim-`-bp-Å-hsc shdp-¯p-sImv cp hwi-§-fp-sSbpw (a -\p-jy-cp-sSbpw tZh-·m-cp-sS-bpw) cmPm-hmb C{µ³ a\p-jym³ hnix tNmjvIq-btX a\pjycpsS hwi§sf, BZy-sam¶v ]ns¶ asäm¶v F¶ \ne-bnÂ, hnfn-¡p-¶p. 17. ]cm ]qÀthjmw kJym hrWàn hn XÀ¯p-cmtWm A]-tc-`n-tcXn A\m-\p-`q-Xo-c-h-[q-\zm\x ]qÀho-cn{µx ic-Z-kvXÀ¯-coXn ]qÀthjmw kJym ]cm hrWàn ap¶n-ep-f-f-h-cp-am-bpÅ kJy-§-fnÂ\n¶v Ah³ amdn-¡f-bp¶p. hnXÀ¯p-cmWx A]-tc`nx GXn XpSÀ¨-bmbn I-S-¶p-sImv Ahsc ]n¶n-em¡n t]mIp-¶p. C{µx ]qÀhox icZx A\-\p-`qXox C{µ³ ]e ic-¯p-I-Ä A\p-`-hn-¡msX Ah-[q-\zm\x XÀ¯-coXn Ahsb Cf-¡p¶-XpsImv Ah ASp-¯p- h-cmsX kq£n¡p-¶p. 18. cq]w cq]w {]Xn-cqt]m _`qh XZky cq]w {]Xn-N-£-Wmb Ct{µm ambm-`nx- ]p-cp-cq] CubtX bpàm lyky lcbx iXm Zi cq]w cq]w {]Xn-cq]x _`qh Ah\v Hmtcm cq]-¯n\pw kam-´-c-amb cq]-ap-v. Aky XZv cq]w {]Xn-N-£-Wmb Ahsâ Cu cq]w ImWn¡m-\p-Å-Xm-Wv. C{µx ambm`nx ]pcp-cq]x CubtX C{µ³ -am-b-IfneqsS ]e cq]-§-fn- IpXn¡p-¶p. ln Aky iX-Zi lcbx bpàmx Imc-Ww, Ah-\p-thn ]Xn-\m-bncw ]nwK-e-¡p-Xn-c-IÄ \pI-¯n sI«-s¸-«n-«p-v. 19. bpPmt\m lcnXm ctY -`qcn XzjvtSl cmPXn tIm hnizmlm ZznjXx ]£ BkX DXm-ko-t\jp kqcnjp XzjvSm lcnXm ctY bpPm\x XzjvSmhv cp ]nwK-e-s¸¬IpXn-c-Isf tXcn sI-«ns¡mv Cl `qcn cmPXn ChnsS ]e (cq]-§-fnÂ) {]Imin-¡p-¶p. DX kqcnjp Bko-t\jp {]tXy-In¨p (R§-fp-sS) c£nXm-¡Ä (bÚ-k-`-bn-en-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ), Ix ZznjXx hnizmlm ]£x BktX GXp i{XphmWv FÃmbvt¸mgpw A-Sp¯v Ccn-¡pI? 20. AK-hyqXn t£{X-am-K· tZhm DÀho kXo `qan-cw-lq-cWm `qXv _rl-kv]tX {] NnIn-Õm- K-hn-jvSmþ hn°m ktX Pcn{X C{µ ]Ùmw tZhmx AK-hyqXn t£{Xw B AK· tZh-·mtc! ]¨-¸pÂta-Sp-I-fn-Ãm¯ hb-ep-I-fn-te-¡m-Wv R§Ä h¶-Xv. DÀho kXo `qanx Awlp-cWm A`qXv AXv hnim-e-am-sW-¦nepw `qan CSp-§n-b-Xm-Wv. _rlkv]tX C{µ KhnjvSu C°m ktX _rl-kv]tX! C{µm! ]ip-¡Ä¡p-thn-bpÅ At\z-j-W - ¯n Cu \ne-bn-emb Pcnt{X ]Ùmw {] NnInÕ Kmb-I-\p hgn-bp-m-¡m³ ]d-ªp-X¶mepw! 21. Znth Znth kZr-io-c-\y-aÀ[w IrjvWm Atk-[-Z] kZvat\m Pmx Al³ Zmkm hrjt`m hkv\-bt´mþ Z{htP hÀ¨n\w iw_cw N Znth Znth kZva\x kZriox Pmx Hmtcm Znh-khpw Ah³ Ah-cpsS Ccn-¸n-S-¯nÂ\n¶v FÃmw AtX `mh¯nepÅ _Ôp-hnsâ IrjvWmx A\yw AÀ[w A] Atk-[Xv Idp¯ atä ]mXn-bn-te¡p t]mIp¶p. hrj`x hkv\-b´x Zmkm hÀ¨n\w Imf {Zthy-Ñ-sIm-p -am{Xw {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶ - cp Zmk-·m-cmb hÀ¨n-sbbpw iw_cw N DZ-{htP Al³ iw_-c-s\bpw Npäpw InS-§pÅ Øe-¯p-sh¨v sIm-¶p. 22. {]kvtXmI C¶p cm[-kkvX C{µ Zi tImi-boÀZi hmPn-t\m-ZmXv Znthm-Zm-km-Z-Xn-Yn-Kzky cm[x imw_cw hkp {]Xy-{K-`ojva C{µ tX cm[kx {]kvtXmIx \p CZv C{µm! \nsâ- sIm-Å-ap-X-en-Âs]« {]kvtXmI³ Ct¸mÄ sXm«p -ap³]v Zi tImibox Zi hmPn\x AZmXv ]¯p Ingn-Isfbpw ]¯p k½m-\-tP-Xm-¡-sfbpw X¶p. AXn-Yn-Kzky Znthm-Zm-kmXv AXn-Yn-Kzsâ (a-I-\m-b) ZnthmZm-k-\nÂ\n¶v imw_cw hkp cm[x {]Xn A{K-`ojva R§Ä iw_-c-sâ km-[-\-§Ä sImÅap-X-embn kzoI-cn-¨p. 23. Zim-izm³ Zi- tIm-im³ Zi hkv{Xm-[n-t`mP\m Ztim lncWy ]nWvUm³ Znthm-Zm-km-Z-km-\njw Zi Aizm³ Zi tImim³ ]¯p Ip-Xn-c-IÄ, ]¯p IngnIÄ, A[n-t`m-P\m Zi hkv{Xm A[nIw hne-]n-Sn-¸pÅ ]¯p hkv{X-§Ä, Ztim lnc-Wy-]n-WvUm³ ]¯p kzÀW-¡-«n-IÄ F¶nh Znthm-Zm-kmZv Akm-\njw Rm³ Znthm-Zm-k-\nÂ\n¶p t\Sn. 24. Zi cYm³ {]jvSn-aXx iXw Km AYÀh`yx AizYx ]mb-th-ZmXv AizYx {]jvSn-aXx Zi cYm³ iXw Kmx Aiz-Y³ ]mÀiz¡p-Xn-c-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]¯p tXcp-Isfbpw \qdp ]ip¡sfbpw AYÀh`yx ]mbth AZmXv AYÀh-tKm-{X-¡m-c-\mb ]mbphn\p sImSp-¯p. 25. aln cmt[m hniz-P\yw Z[m-\m³ `c-Zzm-Pm³ kmÀRvPtbm A`y-bjvS kmÀRvPbx hniz-P\yw aln cm[x krRvP-bsâ ]n³Xeap-d-¡m-c³ FÃm P\-§fpsSbpw al-¯mb sImÅ-ap-X Z[m-\m³ `c-Zzm-Pm³ A`n ANjvS k¼m-Zn¨ `mc-Zzm-P-·mcmb R§sf sImm-Sn. 26. h\-kv]tX hoUzwtKm ln `qbm AkvaXvkJm {]X-cWx kphocx tKm`nx k¶t²m Akn hof-b-kzmþ ØmXm tX PbXp tPXzm\n h\-kv]tX ln AkvaXvkJm hofzwKx `qbmx h\-kv]tX! R§-fp-sS- k-Jm-hmb \o Dd¨ Ah-b-h-§ -tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXm-bn-¯o-c-W-sa-¶-Xn-\m kphocx {]X-cWx tKm`nx k¶²x Akn R§sf \à hoc-·mcm A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡mv \o ]ip - ¡-tfm-(XpI¸-«-tbm)Sp-IqSn Hcp-an¨p Iq«n-s¡-«-s¸-Sp¶p. hof-bkz tX BØmXm tPXzm\n PbXp Dd-¨p-\n-¶mepw! \n¶n Ib-dp-¶-h³ t\tS-Xp t\Ss«! 27. Znh-kv]r-Ynhymx ]tcymP DZv`rXw h\-kv]-Xn`yx ]cym-`rXw klx A]m-tam-Pvam\w ]cn- tKm-`n-cm-hrXþ an{µky h{Pw lhnjm cYw bP Znhx ]rYnhymx HmPx DZv`rXw kzÀK-¯nepw `qan-bn-epw\n¶p iàn sImp-h-¶n-«p-v. ]cn h\-kv]-Xn`yx ]cn klx B`rXw ac-§-fnÂ\n¶v Icp¯v ChnsS sImp-h-¶n-«p-v. tKm`nx ]cn BhrXw A]mw HmPvam\w ]ip-¡-fm adbv¡s¸« shÅ-¯nÂ\n¶p _es¯bpw C{µky h{Pw cYw lhnjm bP C{µsâ h{P-s¯bpw tXcn-s\bpw lhn-Êp-sImp bPn-¨mepw! 28. C{µky ht{Pm acp-Xm-a-\oIw an{Xky KÀt`m hcp-Wky \m`nx tkamw t\m lhy-ZmXnw PpjmtWm tZh cY {]Xn-lhym Kr`mb C{µky h{Px acpXmw A\oIw C{µ-sâ- h-{Phpw acp-¯p¡-fpsS apJhpw an{Xky KÀ`x hcp-Wky \m`nx an{Xsâ KÀ`hpw hcp-W-sâ- \m-`nbpw \x Camw lhy-ZmXnw PpjmWx þ R§-fpsS Cu lhn-cÀ¸W-¯n k´pjvSn ssIs¡mv, cY tZh kx lhym {]Xn Kr`mb cY-tZhm! R§fpsS Cu lhnÊv kzoI-cn-¨mepw! 29. D] izmkb ]rYn-ho-apX Zymw ]pcp{Xm tX a\pXmw hnjvTnXw PKXv k Zpµpt` kPp-cn-t{µW tZsshÀþ Zqcm±hotbm A] tk[ i{Xq³ ]rYnhow DX Zymw D] izmkb kzÀK-s¯bpw `qan-sbbpw izmkw ap«n-¡s«! ]pcp{Xm hnjvTnXw PKXv tX a\pXmw ]teS§-fn-embn ØnXn sN¿p¶ PwK-a-temIw (Po-h-Pm-e-§Ä) \ns¶ {i²n¡s«! Zpµpt` kx Ct{µW tZsshx kPqx s]cp-¼td! \o C{µ-t\m-Spw tZh-·m-tcmSpsam¸w i{Xq³ ZqcmZv Zhobx A] tk[ i{Xp-¡sf Zqsc-\n¶p Zqc-t¯¡v HmSn-¨mepw! 30. B {I-µb _e-tamtPm \ B [m \njvS-\nln ZpcnXm _m[-am\x A] t{]mY- Zp-µpt` ZpÑp\m CX C{µky apjvSn-ckn hof-b-kz- _ew B {Iµb \x HmPx B [mx \ns-â iàn KÀPn¨mepw! R§-fn Icp¯v Øm]n-¨mepw! ZpcnXm _m[-am\x \nx kvX\nln Zpcn-X§-sf- Ip-¯n-bI-än-s¡mv CSn-ap-g-¡n-bmepw! Zpµpt` CXx ZpÑp\m A] t{]mY s]cp-¼td! Chn-sS-\n¶p \nÀ`m-Ky-§sf s]m«n-s¯-dn-¸n-¨Iänbmepw! C{µky apjvSnx Akn hof-bkz \o C{µsâ apjvSn-b-t{X; Dd-¨p-\n-¶mepw! 31. B-aq-cP {]Xym-hÀ¯-tbamx tIXp-a±p-µp`nÀhmh-ZoXn ka-iz-]ÀWm-Ý-c´n t\m \tcmþ kvamI-ant{µm cYnt\m Pb´p Aaqx B AP Camx {]Xym-hÀ¯b hfsc AI-se-bpÅ Ahsb (]-ip-¡-sf) ChnsS hcp-¯pIbpw Chsb ]nt¶m«p Xncn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXmepw! Zpµp`nx tIXp-aZv hmh-ZoXn s]cp-¼d kqN\ \ÂIns¡mp hopw hopw i_vZn¡p-¶p. \x \cx Aiz]ÀWmx kw Nc´n R§-fpsS a\p-jyÀ IpXnc-¨n-d-Ip-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn Hcp-an-¨p- Ncn¡p¶p C{µ AkvamIw cYn\x Pb´p (AXp-sIm-v) C{µm! R§-fp-sS -tX-cm-fn-IÄ Pbn-¡s«! Ggmw aWvUew hknjvT ssa{Xm-h-cp-Wn-bp-sS-bmWv Ggmw aWvU-e-¯nse an¡-hmdpw FÃm kqà-§-fpw. an{Xm-h-cp-W- ·m-cp-sS- ]p-{X-\mb hkn-jvT-s\-¶ÀYw. A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn-¨v, cp kqà-§Ä (101, 102)- h-kn-jvTt\m Ipamc Btá-bt\m cNn-¨-hbpw cp kqà-§Ä (32, 33) hkn-jvT\pw a¡fpw kwbp-à-ambn cNn-¨-h-bp-a-t{X. _m¡n \qdp kqà-§fpw hkn-jvT-hn-c-Nn-X-sa¶v A\p-{I-aWn JWvUn-X-ambn tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Cu A`n- {]mbw icn-bm-hm³ hgn-bn-söp Pman-k¬ Duln-¡p-¶p. Cu aWvU-e-¯nse H³]Xp kqà-§Ä ]qÀW-amtbm `mKn-I-amtbm BZn-Xy-(an-{Xm-h-cp-W)·mÀ¡pw \mse®w C{µm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡pw \mse®w hcp-W-\p- am-{X-ambpw kaÀ¸n¡s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu aWvUew Aizn-IÄ¡pw (67-þ74) Dj-Ên\pw (75-þ81) ZoÀL-amb kqà-§Ä XpSÀ¨-bmbn kaÀ¸n-¨n-cn- ¡p-¶p. hcp-W-kq-à-§-fpsS auen-IX Ch-bv¡n-sÃ-¶Xp thsd Imcyw. Hä-s¸« [mcmfw {it²-b-amb kqà- §-fn Zmi-cm-Ú-bp-²-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨p-ÅXpw (7. 18) hkn-jvT-P-\-\-IY hnh-cn-¡p¶Xpw (7. 33) aWvUq-I-kq- àhpw (7. 103) {]kzm-]n-\yp-]-\n-j¯pw (7. 55 þ Dd-¡-a-{´-sa¶p ]d-bmw) DÄs¸-Sp-¶p. 1þ17 Aán¡pw (5, 6 sshizm-\-cm-án) 18-þ32 C{µ\pw 33 hknjvTsâ- a-¡Ä¡pw hkn-jvT\pw 34 hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡pw 35þ37 hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡pw 38þ39 khn-Xm-hn\pw k½m-\-tP-Xm-¡-fmb IpXn-c-IÄ¡pw 40 hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡pw 41 `K\pw hnhn-[-tZ-h-X-IÄ¡pw Dj-Ên\pw 42-þ43 hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡pw 44 hnhn-[- tZ-h-X-IÄ¡pw Z[n-{Im-hn\pw 45 khn-Xm-hn\pw 46 cp{Z\pw 47 shÅ-¯n\pw 48 E`p-¡Ä¡pw 49 shÅ- ¯n\pw 50 an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ, Aán, hntiz--tZ-h-·mÀ, \Zn-IÄ F¶n-hÀ¡pw 51-þ52 BZn-Xy-·mÀ¡pw 53 kzÀ-Kþ- `q-an-IÄ¡pw 54 hmkvtXm-jv]-Xn¡pw 55 hmkvtXm-jv]-Xn¡pw kzm]-a-{´-¯n\pw 56þ58 acp-¯p-¡Ä¡pw 59 -a- cp-¯p-¡Ä¡pw cp{Z\pw 60þ61 an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡w 62þ63 kqcy\pw an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡pw 64þ65 an{Xm-h-cp-W- ·mÀ¡pw 66 an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡pw BZnXy-·mÀ¡pw kqcy\pw 67þ74 Aizn-IÄ¡pw 75þ81 Dj-Ên\pw 82--þ-85 C{µm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡pw 86-þ89 hcpW\pw 90-þ92 C{µ-hm-b-p¡Ä¡pw 93-þ94 C{µm-án-IÄ¡pw 95-þ96 kc-kz-Xn, kc- kzm³ F¶n-hÀ¡pw 97 C{µ³, _rl-kv]Xn, C{µ\pw {_Ò-W-kv]-Xnbpw, C{µ\pw _rl-kv]-Xnbpw F¶n- hÀ¡pw 98 C{µ³, C{µ\pw _rl-kv]-Xnbpw F¶n-hÀ¡pw 99 C{µ³, C{µ\pw hnjvWphpw F¶n-hÀ¡pw \qdv hnjvWp-hn\pw 101þDw 102-þDw ]ÀP-\y\pw 103 Xh-f-IÄ¡pw 104 C{µm-tkm-a-·mÀ, C{µ³, tkma³, Aán, tZh-·mÀ, ]nSn-¡-Ãp-IÄ, acp-¯p-¡Ä, hkn-jvT-sâ- kz-bw-{]-Xo-£-IÄ, `qanbpw A´-co-£hpw F¶n-hÀ¡pw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p, H¶mw kqà-¯n cp kam-]vXn-I-fp-v. BZy-t¯Xv 20-þmw ]Zy-¯nepw atäXv 25-þmw ]Zy-¯n-epw. CtX- ¸än ]WvUn-X-·mÀ¡n-S-bn ]e A`n-{]m-b-§-fp-ap-v. ho«n Aán Pzen-¸n-¡p-¶-XmWv kqà-¯n hnh-cn- ¡p-¶-Xv. Cu Aán k¼¯v kwc-£n-¡p-Ibpw AXv A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sm³ klm-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Aán Krl-t\-Xmhpw (3) bÚm-án-bp-am-Wv (16). IpSpw-_-¯nse ]p{Xm-Zn-I-fmb AwK-§-fpsS A`n-hr²n Bh-iy-am- W-tÃm. Chsc hoc-·mÀ F¶p hnti-jn-¸n-¡p¶p (5, 11, 15, 19, 24). Ihn Cu F®-s¸-cp-¸w B-{K-ln-¡p-Ibpw AXnsâ A`m-h-¯n `b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p (19). Aánsb tkhn-¡p-¶-hs\ Ihn \c-s\¶p hnfn-¡p-¶p. \c\pw ho-c\pw Ihn¡p kam-\-c-t{X. Aánsb Ihn \nXy-s\¶pw (2, 12) Xsâ kz´-sa¶pw (17) R§-fpsS kz´-sa¶pw (21) hnti-jn-¸n-¡p¶p. cm-a-t¯-Xmb Cu B{]o-kqàw, hnfnI-fpsS ]XnhpamXrI ]n´p-S-cp-¶p-sh-¦n-epw, [mcmfw auen-I- amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-Ifpw hmN-I-ssi-en-Ifpw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xm-Wv. aq¶mw kqàw Ac-Wn-t¡m-ep-IÄ Dc-kp-t¼mÄ Aán BhnÀ`-hn-¡p-¶Xv hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu Aán-a-Y-\- ¯nÂ\n¶p Pzme hoip-t¼mÄ Aán s]m«n-s¯-dn-¡p¶p (2). At¸mÄ Aán P\n-¨-bp-Ss\bp-Å-h-\mbn ImW- s¸-Sp-¶p. Ah³ Hcn-¡epw hr²-\m-hp-¶n-à (3). Ahsâ Pzm-e-IÄ thK-¯n ac-¯n-te¡p apt¶dp¶p (4). XpSÀ¶v Ah³ lhn-Êp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p (5). AXn-\p-ti-j-apÅ Aán-hÀW\w s\bvl-hn-Êp-I-fn-eq-sS- bpÅ AXnsâ ZmÀVyw {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶p (6-þ7). 7þ8 ]Zy-§-fnse ""iàn-tI-{µ-§Ä'' DÖz-e-ambn {]Im-in- ¡p¶ Pzme-Isf ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. Ah-bpsS HuÖzeyw Øe-§-fn-eqsS bP-am-\s\ kwc-£n¨pw tZh-·m-cn- se-¯m-\pÅ Km\-§Ä¡p-th-n-bpÅ hgn Xpd-¶pw-sImv {]k-cn-¡p-¶p. D]-a-I-fpsS hn\ym-k-¯m {i²- b-amWo kqàw. hnti-jn¨v kqà-¯nsâ BZy-]mXn-bnÂ. Ihn Aánsb IpXn-c-tbmSpw (2) Bbp-[-t¯mSpw (4) ]S-¡p-Xn-c-tbmSpw (5) kzÀW-t¯mSpw (6) D]-an-¡p-¶p. Aánsb Imf-sb¶p hnfn-¡p¶p (3). Chn-sS-Hmtcm DZm-l-c-W-¯nepw {Inb hÀWym-hÀWy§Ä¡p tNcpw-hn[w AÀYw \ÂIp-¶p. -\memw kqàw Hcp ]p{X-\p-thn AYhm acn-¨p-t]mb Hcp ]p{X-\p-thnbpÅ B{Klw {]I-Sn-¸n- ¡p¶psh-¶mWv sKÂUv\-dpsS A`n-{]m-bw. 7. 1þ CXv Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨n-«p-s¦nepw Chn-Ss¯ A{X ià-am-bn- «nà F¶mWv A`n-{]mbw. F¶m Pman-k¬ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv, Cu kqàw ]p{X-s\-b-Ã, Aán-sb-¯-s¶- bmWv B{K-ln-¡p-¶-sX-¶m-Wv. Ihn¡p kz´-ambn Hc-ánsb thWw. k¼¯p ssIh-cp-¯p-¶-Xn\pw Pohn-X- ¯nsâXs¶ \ne-\n-ev]n\pw AXm-h-iy-am-Wv. XoÀ¨-bm-bpw, Aánbpw ]p{X\pw X½n-epÅ kmZriyw Cu kqà- IqSp-X hnti-jn¨v Aán ]qcp-tKm-{X-¯nse hwi-§-fpsS Iq«m-bva-bpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-bmb tKm{Xm-án-bm- Wv (3). BZys¯ A©p ]Zy-§-fnepw 8þ9 ]Zy-§-fnepw sshizm-\-cmán-bpsS -t]cv FSp¯p ]d-bp-¶p. kqàw kzÀK-¯nepw `qan-bnepw tZh-·m-cmepw ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cmepw ]cn-N-cn-¡-s¸-«p-sImpÅ Aán-bpsS km¶n-[y- ¯nsâ {]kvXm-h-\-tbmsS XpS-§p-¶p (1). cmw ]Zy-¯n Hgp-Ip-¶Xpw \oÀ¡p-gn-bn-ep-ÅXp-amb shÅ- ¯nsâ {]`p-sh¶v Aánsb hnfn¡p-¶p. `qan-bn-te-¡n-d-§n-b-Xn-\p-tijw Aán-bpsS {]Imiw Bcy-hw-i-§-fn- te¡p hym]n-¡p-¶p (2). Bdmw ]Zy-¯n Xtam-Kp-W-{]-[m-\-cmb Zkyp-¡sf hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Aán-{]-Imiw Zkyp-¡sf B«n-¸m-bn-¡p-Ibpw Bcy-cp-sS-ta shfn¨w ]c-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (6). Aán FÃm temI-§- fnepw {]Imiw ]c-¯p-¶p (4). a[y-]-Zy-amb A©n Aánsb Ct¸m-gs¯ bÚm-án-bmbn Ihn aqÀ¯o-I- cn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ hnhn-[-k-ap-Zm-b-§sf c£n-¡p-Ibpw A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bpw -sN-¿p-¶p. Ah³ bÚm- án-bmbpw kqcy-\mbpw {]m-Xx-Im-e¯v Znh-k-¯nsâ Zo]-kvXw-`-§-fmbn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. Bdmw kqà-¯nse BZys¯ ]Zy-¯n Ihn Aánsb hcp-W-\p-ambpw C{µ-\p-ambpw _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Aán IpSn-tb-ä-¡mÀ _lp-am-\n-¡p¶ k{am-«pw Akp-c({]-`p)-\pamsW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Cu hnh-cWw hcp-Ws\bpw Ahsâ IpSn-tb-ä-k-ap-Zm-b-§-fp-sS- ta-epÅ `c-Whpw HmÀan-¸n-¡p-¶p. D¯-cmÀ[-¯n Aán-bpsS {]hr-¯n- IÄ bp²-¯n C{µ-sâ -a-lm-IÀa-§-fp-ambn ]tcm-£-ambn kmZr-iy-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. A´y-]m-Z-¯nse Zmcp (]n- fÀ¡p-¶-h³) F¶ Aán-hn-ti-jWw XnI¨pw DNn-Xw-X-s¶. cmw ]Zy-¯nse ]pc-µ-c³ F¶ C{µ-]-cym-b- s¯bpw AXv ap³Iq«n ImWp-¶p-v. Cu i_vZw- A-án-bpsS hnti-j-W-am-bn-«mWv ChnsS {]tbm-Kn-¨n-cn-¡p- ¶Xv. D¯-cmÀ[-¯n C{µm-h-cp-W·msc Aán-bn ]pc-µ-c-i-_vZ-¯n-eqsS kwbp-à-ambn _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶p. {hX-(\n-b-a)s¯-¸-änbpw ]cm-aÀi-ap-v. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Aánsb he-Kp-lm-t`-Z-\-¯n i{Xp-¡-fmb ]Wn- Isf ]n´p-S-cp¶ C{µ-\mbn hÀWn-¡p-¶p. 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn Dj-Êns\ sImp-h-cp-¶-h-\mbn Aánsb ]cm- aÀin-¡p-¶p. CXv {]mXÀb-Ú-¯nse Aán¡p tNcpw. Aán Dj-Êp-Isf hntam-Nn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xmbn he-I-Y- bnepw ]d-bp-¶p--tÃm. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn km[-\-§fpw P\-§-fp-apÄs¸sS `qan apgp-h³ Aán- bp-tS-Xm-sW¶p hÀWn-¡p-¶p. 7þmw kqà-¯nse BZy]Zy-¯n Ihn ià-\mb Aánsb kl-km\w (iàn-tbm-Sp-IqSn {]hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶h³) F¶pw Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n klkx kqt\m (iàn-]p{Xm) F¶pw hnfn-¡p-¶p. CuN-«-¡q-«n Ihn AánbpsS- kzÀK-¯nÂ\n¶p `qan-bn-te-¡pÅ Ah-X-c-Ws¯ A\p-K-an-¡p-¶p. Aán ""anX{Zp''(A-f-¡- s¸« ac-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³) hpw Zln-¸n-¡p¶ kqcysâ cq]-¯n ""ß\m tZthjp hnhntZ'' (t\-cn«v tZh- ·mÀ¡n-S-bn Is-¯-s¸Sp-¶-h-\pw) BWv (1). ]n¶oSv Ah-s\ `q-an-bn-te-¡pÅ bm{Xbv¡pw (2) bÚ-`q-an- bn-te¡pw (3) £Wn-¡p¶p. At¸mgpw Aán kzÀKo-b\pw `ua\pw, cpw, BWv. Ahsâ c-½-amÀ (am-Xm- ]n-Xm-¡Ä) kzÀKhpw `qan-bp-am-Wv. Cu amXm-]n-Xm-¡Ä cv Ac-Wn-t¡m-ep-I-fp-am-hmw. \memw ]Zy-¯n `qan- bn-sebpw bÚ-`q-an-bn-sebpw Aán-bpsS P·w {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. AhnsS Ah³ bÚ-¯nse apJy-]p-tcm ln-X-\m-Wv (4-þ5). Ihn tZh-·m-sc-Im-Wp¶ {]ta-b-am-Wv -B-dmw-]-Zy-¯n-se¶p tXm¶p-¶p. 8þmw kqà-¯nse \memw-]-]-Zy-¯n ]d-bp¶ Aán `c-X-·m-cp-tSXpw tKm{X-§-fpsS ssk\n-I-i-àn- bp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-Xp-am-Wv. ]qcp-¡-fp-sS- tKm-{X-i-ànsb tXmev]n-¨Xv Cu tKm{Xm-ánbt{X; cmPthm `S-·tcm AÃ. 2, 3, 4 ]Zy-§-fn CXn-sâ- kq-N\ ImWmw. iàn-]p-{X-\mb Aán (7) ià-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶Xpw (2) Ahsâ icocw ià-am-Ip-¶Xpw (5) Ihn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p-v. ck-I-c-amb Hcp Xncn-hn-eqsS HuÖz-eyw-sImv hyà-am-Ip¶ Aán-bp-sS -i-co-c-iàn imco-cn-I-amb Akp-J-§sf Ccp-«n-te-t¡m-Sn-¡p-sa¶v Bdmw ]Zyw ]dbp- ¶p. 9þmw kqà-¯n {]mXÀb-Ú-¯nse Aán-bmbpw kqcy-\m-bp-apÅ Aán-bpsS {]Xy-£-`mhw bÚm- cw`w ImWn-¡p-¶p. Ah-\mWv bÚ-¯nse cp e£-W-§Ä kvYm]n-¡p-¶-Xv. a\p-jyÀ tZh-·mÀ¡p lhn- Êp-Ifpw ]Icw tZh-·mÀ a\p-jyÀ¡p k¼¯pw \ÂIp--¶p (1)-. b-P-am-\-·mcpw tZh-·mcpw X½n-epÅ Cu hn\n-a-bw Aán-tbm-Sv tZ-h-·mÀ¡v AhÀ a\p-jyÀ¡v t\«-§-fp-m-¡p-¶-Xp-sImv bÚw sN¿m³ DZvt_m- [n-¸n-¡p¶ D]m-´y-]-Zy-¯n H¶p-IqSn Dd-¸n-¡p¶p (5). Cu hn\n-a-b-{]-tabw cmw ]Zy-¯nsâ BZy-]m-Z- ¯nepw XpS-cp-¶p. AhnsS Aán bÚw sN¿m³ ià-ambn Xocp-am-\n-¡p-Ibpw AXnsâ ^e-ambn Ah³ ]Wn-I-fpsS sXmgp¯p Xpd-¡p-Ibpw, he-I-Y-bn-se-t¸m-se, ]ip-¡sf Agn-¨p-hn-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu cpw k¼-¯n-sâbpw Dj-Ên-sâbpw {]Xo-I-§-f-t{X. {]kvXp-X-]-Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯n tZh-·mcpw bPam-\- ·mcpw X½n-epÅ Cu hn\nabw t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¡pI Aán-bpsS [Àa-am-sW¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy- ¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[-¯n Aán aq¶p tZh-\m-a-§Ä [cn-¡p-¶p. AZn-Xnbpw hnh-kzm\pw an{X-\p-sa¶ Cu aq¶p-t]-cpw- b-Ú\S-¯n-¸n ]¦m-fn-I-fm-Wv. AZnXn bÚw icn-bmbn \S-¯p-¶p. hnh-kzm-³ BZys¯ bP-am-\-\m-Wv. an{X³ tZh-·mcpw a\p-jy-cpw- X-½n-epÅ bÚ-k-Jy-¯nsâ tZh-X-bm-Ip-¶p. {]kvXp-X-]-Zy- ¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯n Aán¡p Xsâ P·-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« Dj-Êv, shÅw F¶ cp tZho-kw-L-§-fp- ambn _Ô-ap-s¶p ImWn-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-]-Zy-¯n ]Z-eo-e-bn-eqsS Aán¡p tZh-s\¶ \ne-bn bÚ- -kvXp-Xn-I-fpsS KoX-`m-h-§sf DWÀ¯p-¶p; ]ptcm-ln-X-s\¶ \ne-bn Aán-bpsS kzc-§fn-eqsS kwKoXcoXn-IÄ Be-]n-¡p-¶p. - 10þmw kqàw. Ihn¡p {]mk-t¯mSpw AXp-t]m-epÅ i_vZm-e-¦m-c-§-tfmSpapÅ {]nbw Cu kqà-¯n hym]-I-ambn {]Xn-^-en-¨n-«p-v. Aán kzÀK-¯n tZh-·mÀ¡p lhn-Êp-Ifpw `qan-bn a\p-jyÀ¡p k¼¯pw ssIh-cp-¯p-¶-psh¶p cmw ]Zy-¯n ]d-bp-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n Aán tZh-·m-sc- `q-an-bnse bÚ-¯n- te¡p hcp-¯p-¶-sh¶pw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 11-þmw kqàw. B, Bl F¶o ]Z-§Ä Cu kqà-¯n BhÀ¯n¨p {]tbm-Kn-¨p-Im-Wp-¶p. cn\pw ""ChnsS'' F¶ÀYw. ""ChnsS'' bpÅh kzÀK-¯n-ep-Å-hbpw Znhy-§-fp-am-sW¶v kqàm-´y-¯n hyà-am- hp-¶p. 12-þm-as¯ Cu {lkz-kqàw Aán Xsâ- kz´w ho«n (tkz Zptcm-tW þ1), bÚ-im-e-bnepw (Z-ta þ 2), {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶Xv hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. AXv Krlm-án-bm-sW-¦nepw Aán kzÀK-¯nepw `qan-bnepw \mep Zn¡p-I-fn- e-pw hym]n-¡p-¶p (1 D¯-cmÀ[w). Chn-sS-A-án-bpsS apJy-[Àaw AÚm-X-amb hnj-a-§-fnÂ\n¶pw Ipäm-tcm- ]-W-§-fnÂ\n¶pw ho«ns\ c£n-¡p-I-b-t{X (2). AXn\p ImcWw Ah³ IpSpw-_s¯ c£n-¡p-¶p-sh-¶-Xm- Wv. ho«nsâ LS-\-sbbpw hn]p-e-amb AÀY-¯n kaq-l-s¯bpw c£n-¡p-¶Xv an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cm-I-bm (3) Ah³ an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀX-s¶-b-Ip-¶p. 13-þmw kqà-¯nse aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn Hmtcm-¶nepw Ihn Aánsb sshizm-\-c-s\¶p kwt_m-[\ sN¿p- -¶p. AXp-sImv DbÀ¶p-h-cp¶ bÚm-ánsb DZbkqcy-\p-ambn A`n-¶-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Aán kqcy-\m-b-Xp- sImv Ah³ FÃm-bn-S¯pw I®-©n-¸n-¡p-amdp {]Im-in-¡p-Ibpw i{Xp-¡sf \in-¸n-¡p-Ibpw kzÀK-s¯bpw `qan-sbbpw {]Im-iw-sImp \nd-bv¡p-Ibpw tZh-·msc Ccp-«nsâ im]-¯nÂ\n¶p tamNn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw FÃm Poh-Pm-e-§-sfbpw t\m¡p-Ibpw `qansb Npäp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu iàn-IÄsImv Aán Xsâ hm¡p- IÄ¡p hnPbw ssIh-cp-¯p-sa¶ {]Xo-£-bn Ihn Xsâ kqàw Aán¡p lhn-Êmbn AÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸«p sh¡p-Ibpw s\bv ]I-cp-Ibpw kvXpXn-Ifpw hnfn-Ifpw sNmÃp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sImv bÚm-án DbÀ¯p-¶-Xns\ 14-þmw kqàw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu hmNn-tIm-ev]-¶-§Ä hnd-Ipw- s\-¿pw- t]mse, Aánsb Poh-Êp-ä-Xm-¡p-¶p. tZh\p \ÂIp¶ bÚ-tk-h-\-cq-]-§-fn-te-¡p- am-{X-a-Ã, B tkh\w \ÂIp¶ X¶n-te¡pw Xsâ BÄ¡m-cn-te-¡pw-IqSn Ihn {i² £Wn-¡p-¶p-v. 15-þmw kqàw A©p XrN-§-fmbn hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. BZys¯ XrNw Aánsb tKm{Xm-án-bmbn \nÀh- Nn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ IpSpw_-t¯mSv ASp-¸-t¯msS Pohn-¡p-Ibpw AXp kwc-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. cm-a- t¯-Xn Aánsb bÚm-án-bmbn bÚ-¯n k¶n-ln-X-\m-hm³ hnfn-¡p-¶p. BZys¯ cp XrN-§-fp- sS- L-S-\m-km-Zriyw tKm{Xm-án-bp-sSbpw bÚm-án-bp-sSbpw GIXzw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. aq¶m-as¯ XrN-¯n tKm{Xm-ánbpw bÚm-ánbpw X½n hyà-ambn Ie-cp-¶-Xmbn ImWn-¡p-¶p. Aán tKm{X-{]-`psh {]Xn-\n- [m\w sN¿p-¶p. Ah³ bÚ-l-hn-Êp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p (7). bÚ-¯n-eqsS Aán tKm{X-¯n\p hoc- ·msc \ÂIp-¶p. B¬Ip-«n-IÄ tKm{X-s¯ A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. ]Zyw 9 A£-csb ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. AXn\v A£-c-sa¶pw ]ip-sh¶pw AÀYw. ]ip ]m Xcp-¶p. Ihn-bpsS A£cw Bbncw A£-c-§sf Xcp-¶p. A£-b-bmWv Ihn-hm-¡v. \memw XrNw Aánsb BZn-Xy-·m-cp-sSbpw khn-Xm-hn-sâbpw `K-sâbpw ZnXn-bp-sSbpw aWvU-e-¯n-te¡p sImp-h-cp-¶p. ZnXn AZn-Xn-bpsS hn]-co-X-am-bn-«-Ã, Ipªm-bn-«mWv ChnsS IW-¡m-¡n-bn-«p-Å-sX¶p tXm¶p-¶p. \memw XrNw Aán-bpsS Zm\-§-fn Du¶p-t¼mÄ, A©m-a-t¯Xv No¯- bmb ka-b-§fnÂ\n¶pw Bfp-I-fnÂ\n¶pw c£n-¡m-\pÅ Ahsâ iàn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 16-þmw kqàw tZh-·mÀ¡p lhnÊp sImSp-¡p-¶-h\pw bP-am-\-·mÀ¡p Poh-k-Ôm-c-W-¯n-\p-X-Ip-¶Xv \ÂIp-¶-h-\p-amb Aán a[y-Ø-\mb hn\n-a-b-¯n Du¶p¶p (2). A§-s\ -tZ-h-·m-sc-bpw a\p-jy-scbpw hfÀ¯p-¶-Xp-sImv Ah³ ""DuÀtPm \]mXv'' (DuÀP-¯nsâ Ipªv) Bbn (1). Ihn BhÀ¯n¨v bÚ- ¯nsâ ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-tcm-sSm-¸w c£n-Xm-hn-s\tbm c£n-Xm-¡-sftbm ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. Aán kzbw sNmÃp¶ tlmXmhpw tkmaw ip²o-I-cn-¡p¶ t]mXm-hp-w am{X-a-Ã, bÚ-¯nsâ c£n-Xm-hmb Krl-]-Xn-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv (5). Bdmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn ]ptcm-ln-X\p -am-{X-a-Ã, \¶mbn kvXp-Xn-¡p-¶-h-\pw sshZ-Kv[y-ap-Å-h-\pw aqÀ¨ Iq«m³ Aánsb hnfn-¡p-¶p-v. Ah-cpsS cp-Iq-«-cp-sSbpw Ign-hp-I-fpsS kwtbm-P\-am-WtÃm bÚ-§Ä \S-¯p- ¶-Xv. sshZ-Kv[y-ap-Å-h\pw ]ptcm-ln-X-t\m bÚ-¯n ]¦m-fn-bmb Krl-]-Xntbm B-hmw. HcÀY-¯n Abmfpw ]ptcm-ln-X-hr-¯n-X-s¶-bm-WtÃm \nÀh-ln-¡p-¶-Xv. 7þ10 ]Zy-§-fn Ihn Aán-tbmSp ]ip-¡sfbpw IpXn-c-I-sf-bpw- aäp Zm\-§fpw \ÂIp¶ DZm-c-cmb c£n-Xm-¡-sf A\p-{K-ln-¡m³ At]-£n-¡p-¶p-v. Ah- km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn Ihn Xsâ kl-]p-tcm-ln-X-·m-sc tZh-·mÀ¡v th{X lhn-Êp-IÄ X¿m-dm-¡m³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¨p-sImv kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶Xp ImWmw. hnti-jn¨v `à\v k¼-¯n-s\bpw \à a\p-jy-scbpw {]Xn-^-e-ambn \ÂIp-¶-Xns\ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-. Cu `à\pw Krl-]-Xn-bm-hm-\n-S-bp-v. -Ggmw aWvU-e-¯nse Aán-kq-à-§-fn Ah-km-\-t¯-Xpw 17-þ#m-a-t¯-Xpamb CXv BZy-s¯- k-am-lm- -c-¯n ]n¶oSp Iq«n-t¨À¯-Xm-sW¶v HmÄU³_ÀKn-s\-t¸m-epÅ ]WvUn-XÀ Icp-Xp-¶p. bÚ-¯n- sâ- X-¿m-sd-Sp-¸nsâ s]mXp-hn-h-cWw (1, 2), AXn-sâ- \-S-¯n¸v (3, 4), {]Xn-^-e-§Ä (5) F¶n-h-bv¡p-tijw Ah-k-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (6, 7) Aán¡p tZh-·m-tcmSpw aÀ¯y-tcm-Sp-apÅ _Ôw hni-Z-am-¡p-¶p. hkn-jvTsâ C{µ-hr-¯-¯nse BZys¯ AXn-{]-kn-²-amb Cu kqàw Zmi-cm-Ú-bp-²-sa-¶-dn-b-s¸-Sp- ¶-Xp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-Xm-Wv. cmPm-hmb kpZmÊpw Ahsâ `c-Xm-\p-bm-bn-Ifpw C{µ-t\m-sSm¸w ]¯p cmPm-¡- ·mcpsS kJys¯ bp²-¯n tXm¸n-¡p-¶p. Ah-cpsS kJy-¯nse ap¶w-K-§fmb ]qcp-¡Ä Cu cmPm-¡- ·m-cn DÄs¸-Sp-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯nse Ncn{Xw a\-Ên-em-¡m³ Cu kqàs¯ A]{KYn-¡p¶ ]Xn-hp-m-bn-cp- ¶p. kqàw aq¶p `mK-§-fm-bn-«m-Wv. 1þ4 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ³ ap³Im-e¯p X§Ä¡p X¶ klm-bs¯ A\p-kv- a-cn-¡p-Ibpw Ct¸mÄ Ahsâ klm-bhpw Zm\-§fpw tNmZn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯nsâ Ah- km\w Ihn Xsâ- t]cp ]d-bp-¶p. 5þ21 ]Zy-§-fn icn-¡pÅ bp²hpw AXnsâ {]Xym-Lm-X-§fpw hnh-cn- ¡p-¶p. ]cq-jvWo-\-Zn-bp-sS Npä-p]m-Sp-am-bn-«mWv bp²w \S-¡p-¶-Xv (8-þ10). bp²-¯n-\n-S-bn \Zn-bpsS hgn amän- b-Xm-bn-t¯m-¶p-¶p. [mcmfw tbm²m-¡Ä bp²-k-µÀ`-¯n \Zn-bn ap§n-a-cn-¨p. BZy-]-Zy-§-fnse hnh- cWw bp²-¯nsâ I®m-Sn-bm-sW¶p \nco-£n-¡mw.- C-{µsâ ]¦p apJy-ambn hÀWn-¡p-¶-tXmsS Bi-b-¡p- g¸w A\p-`-h-s¸«p-Xp-S§p¶p. C{µ-sâ- hn-P-bhpw A\p-I-¼bpw tLmjn-¡-s¸-«p-sImv Cu `mKw Ah-km- \n¡p-¶p (20-þ21). Ah-km-\s¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä (22-þ25) kpZmkv Ihn¡p \ÂIp¶ alm-Zm-\-§-fpsS AXn-i- tbm-àn-]-c-amb kvXpXn- DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS kwc-£-W-¯n\v kpZm-Êns\ A`n-\-µn-¨p-sImv kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. 19-þmw kqà-¯nsâ BZy-]-IpXn (1-þ5) ]pcm-hr-¯-`q-X-¯nse a\p-jyÀ¡pw (Ip-Õ³, 2) ka-Im-en-IÀ¡pw (kp-Zmkv cmPm-hn-\v 3, 5), {]tXy-In¨v Zmi-cm-Ú-bp-²-¯nse t\Xmhmb kpZm-Ên-\v, klmbw \ÂIn-s¡mv C{µsâ ]e hnP-b-§-sfbpw hmgv¯p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zyw apX C{µ³ ap³]p X§Ä¡p X¶ iàn-I-sfbpw kwc-£-W-s¯bpw A\p-kva-cn-¨p-sImv ]I-c-ambn kvXpXn \ÂIm³ {ian-¡p-¶p.- 20-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv (1-þ2)- H¶pw aq¶pw hcn-I-fn C{µ-sâ Ncn-{Xhpw cpw \mepw hcn-I-fn Ahsâ Ct¸m-gs¯ hn{I-a-§fpw ]tcm-£-ambn hÀWn-¡p-¶p. AXv hnti-jn¨v C{µ-sâ-ssk-\n-I-IÀa-§Ä kvXpXn-]q-Àhw ]cn-K-Wn-¡p-¶p (3-þ5). A©mw ]Zyw C{µsâ P·-amWv hnh-cn-¡p-¶-sX-¦n-epw- A-Ñ-\-½-am-cm- sc¶p hyà-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. kqà-¯nsâ cmw ]IpXn (6-þ10) kvtXmXmhpw tZh\pw X½n-epÅ _Ôw Nn{Xo-I- cn-¡p-¶p. DNn-X-amb bÚ-tk-h-\-a-\p-jvTn-¡p-¶-h\v C{µ³ X¡ {]Xn-^-ew-\ÂIp-¶p. F¶mepw Ah³ icn- ¡pw- Xsâ ]¦p \nÀh-ln-¡p-¶n-sö ]£-¡m-c-\mWv Ihn. H³]Xmw ]Zy-¯n shdpsX ap{I-bn-Sp¶ Imf- bm-sW¶p Ihn \nco-£n-¡p-¶p. ]t£, A´y-`m-K¯p ]Xn-hp-t]mse Ihn tZh-t\mSv t\«-§Ä¡mbn A`yÀYn- ¡p-¶p. bÚ-k-µÀ`w Øm]n-¡p¶ cp ]Zy-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn 21-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶p. bÚ-¯nse DÕm-ln-I- fmb ]¦m-fn-I-sf-t¸msebmWv ]nSn-¡-Ãp-I-sf¶p cmw ]Zyw- hn-h-cn-¡p-¶p. aäp ]Zy-§Ä C{µsâ hoc-IÀa- §sfbpw iàn-I-sfbpw hmgv¯p-Ibpw X§-fpsS t\«-¯n-\p-thn Ah D]-tbm-Kn-¡-W-sa¶p bmNn-¡p- Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 3þ4 ]Zy-§Ä {]mNo-\-IÀa-§fpw 6þ7 ]Zy-§Ä apJy-ambn Ahsâ A\ym-Zr-i-amb iàn- Ifpw hÀWn-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zyw X§-fpsS P\-§-fnÂ\n¶p kXy-¯n-\p-m-hp¶ `oj-Wn-Ifpw C{µ-i-àn- tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Ah-bpsS {]Xn-tcm-[-amÀK-§fpw hÀWn-¡p-¶p. B`n-Nm-cn-Ifpw apJkvXpXn ]d-bp-¶-h-cp-amb B`y-´-c-i-{Xp-¡fpw Bcy-·m-cmb i{Xphpw CXn s]Spw. ]¯mat¯Xv ap³kqà-¯nse A´y-]-Zyhpw ]Ã-hn-bpÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. 22-þmw kqàw tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶Xv XnI¨pw bÚ-¯n-em-Wv. tkma-]m-\-¯n\pw aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n t]sc- Sp¯p ]d-bp-Ibpw A©nepw Ggnepw Xsâ `àn-bn-te¡p {i² £Wn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ hkn-jvT-I-hn- bpsS kqà-§Ä tIÄ¡m\pw C{µ³ £Wn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. C{µs\ Dt±-in-¨p aÕ-cn-¨p-sIm-pÅ bÚ-§Ä \S-¡p-¶p-s¶p Ihn AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶p (6-þ7). C{µsâ aqeyw XnI¨pw A-f-¡m³ Hcp bÚ-¯n\pw Bhn- söpw Xm³ AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶p (8-þ9). Cu Im-cy-¯n hkn-jvTsâ hn\bw XoÀ¨-bmbpw AwKo-I-cn-¡-¯-¡- Xm-Wv. hkn-jvT³ kzbw kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sImv C{µs\ kvXpXn-¡m³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶-tXm-Sp-IqSn 23-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶p. Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶Xv kqà-kw-{K-l-]-Zy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn (6). AXn hkn-jvT-·mÀ C{µ-s\ - kvXp-Xn-¡p-¶p. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä aÕ-cmÀYn-I-fmb cp Ihn-IÄ X½n aÕ-cn-¡p¶ hmMva-Õ-c- ¯nsâ kµÀ`w- Øm-]n-¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. F¦n-epw, Cu aÕcw kqà-¯nsâ XpSÀ¶pÅ `mK-§-fn {]m[m\yw hcn-¡p-¶n-Ã. {][m-\-amb {]tabw tkma-b-Úw-X-s¶-bmWv (tkm-a-I-W-§Ä, 5; hm{Kq-]-amb lhn- Êp-IÄ, 1þ4). C{µsâ hoc-IÀa-§-fpsS-bpw -iànIfp-sSbpw kvXpXn H¶mw ]Zy-¯nse H¶mw ]mZ-¯nepw aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cm-À[-¯nepw HXp-§p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nse \memw hcn hr{X-h[w ]cm-aÀin-¡p- ¶p. B kw`-h-¯nsâ {]Xym-LmXw, AXm-bXv Pe-hn-tam-N-\w, \memw ]Zyw BZy-h-cn-bn ImWmw. Cu shÅw tkma¯n IeÀ¯n AXns\ ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯-m\m-Wp-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶Xv! XnI¨pw bÚ-¯n-\pÅ £W-amb 24þmw kqàw bm{Xm-am-Xr-I-tbmSv H¯p-t]m-Ip-¶p. Chn-tS¡p h¶mepw F¶v C{µs\ BhÀ¯n¨v DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. bÚw X¿m-dm-sb¶v {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶p. kwXr-]vX-\mb C{µ- \nÂ\n¶v Ah-km-\-]Zyw (6) t\«-§Ä {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. Zmi-cm-Ú-bp-²¯nse t\Xm-hmb kpZmkv cmPmhv 25-þmw kqà-¯nse aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n {]Xy-£-s¸- Sp-¶p. bp²-¯n-sâbpw i{Xp-X-bp-sSbpw A´-co£w Hcn-¡Â¡qSn IS-¶p-h-cp-¶p. Nne-t¸mÄ R§Ä C{µ- t\mSp kwLÀj-¯n X§-fpsS `mK¯p tNÀ¶p klm-bn-¡p-Ibpw i{Xp-¡sf \in¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿m³ At]-£n-¡p-¶p. 26-þm-as¯ Cu {lkz-kqàw At\ym\yw aÕ-cn-¡p-¶-sX-¦nepw ]c-kv]c-]q-c-I-hp-amb ]e LS-I- §fpapÄs¡m-Åp¶ LS-\-bpÅ-Xm-Wv. Hcp hi-¯v, BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä ]c-kv]cw {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-¶Xpw C{µ-\pÅ bÚ-¯nÂ- A-h-iy-h-kvXp-¡-fmb ]ngn-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« tkma-s¯bpw kqà-§-sfbpw Øm]n- ¡p-¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. H¶mw ]Zyw ]qÀhmÀ[-¯nse Cc-«-\n-tj[w khn-tijw {it²-bw. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (4-þ5) ]c-kv]-c-{]-Xn-I-c-Wm-XvaI-§-fm-Wv. cpw ""Ghm'' F¶p XpS-§p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw aäp- ]-Zy- §-fnÂ\n¶p hncp-²-ambn \ne sImÅp-¶p. CXn am-{X-amWv C{µsâ hoc-IÀa-§Ä hÀWn-¡p-¶-Xv. k]- Xv\namÀ -`À¯m-hns\¶-t]mse tIm«-IÄ C{µ\p Iogvhg-§p-¶psh¶ Cu ]Zy-¯nse D-]a at\m-l-c-a-t{X. icn-bmb kvXpXn-Im-hy-¯nsâ DZm-l-c-W-amWv C{µ-s\-¸-än-bpÅ CXnse Cu Htc-sbmcp ]Zyw. 1þ5 ]Zy-§fpw 2þ4 ]Zy-§-fpw X½n-epÅ sshcp-[yhpw {i²n-¡mw. 27-þmw kqàw C{µ-\nÂ\n¶p `uXn-I-h-kvXp-¡Ä kzoI-cn-¡m-\p-t±-in-¨p-Å-Xm-Wv. ChnsS aLþaL-h-þ-cm- [xþi_vZ-§-fpsS B[nIyw ImWmw. ]mcn-tXm-jn-Ihpw sImÅ-ap-X-ep-ambn _Ô-s¸« ]Z-§-fm-WtÃm Ch. X\n-¡pÅ kvXpXnbpw bÚ-hp-am-Wv Cu Zm\¯n\p t{]c-Iw. ssk\n-I-amWv C¯cw C{µ-kq-à-§-fn kmam-\y-ambn hcp¶ kµÀ`w. C{µ³ X§-fpsS `mK¯p tNcp-¶-Xmbn \memw ]Zy-¯n ImWp-¶p. bp²- ¯n Ccp-h-i-¯p-ap-Å-h-sc-¶-t]mse, H¶n-e-[nIw bP-am-\-·mÀ X§-fpsS bÚ-¯n-te-¡p- h-cp-¶-Xn\pw C{µs\ hnfn-¡pw. he-I-Ym-kq-N-\-tbmsS ]ip-¡sf XS-hn-em-¡p-¶Xpw Cu kqà-¯nse Hcp {]ta-b-ambn hmbn-¡mw. A´n-a-amb A©mw ]Zy-¯n C{µ-t\mSv k¼-¯n\p hnim-e-amb Øe-w Xcm-\pÅ At]£ ImWmw. Cu ]c-¼-c-bnse asämcp kqà-amb 28-þse {]tabw bP-am-\-·mÀ X-½n-epÅ InS-a-Õ-c-am-Wv. BZy-s¯ - ]Zyw, aäp-Å-hÀ hnfn-¡p-¶p-s-¦n-epw, X§fpsS hnfn am{Xta {i²n-¡m-hq F¶v C{µs\ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zyw X§-fpsS ASp-t¯¡p hc-¯-¡-hn[w aäp-Å-h-cpsS hnfn Ah-K-Wn-¡m-\pÅ iàn C{µ-¶p- s¶v hyà-am-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯n-sâ- D-¯-cmÀ[hpw aq¶mw ]Zyhpw C{µ-sâ- a-l-¯mb hoc-IÀa-§-fn- te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. Cu JWvUw ]Z-eo-e-bn-eqsS BZy-]-Zy-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zyw Cu C{µ- kq-à-¯n \nco-£-I\pw a\p-jy-cpsS s]cp-am-ä-¯nsâ hn[n-IÀ¯m-sh¶ \nebv¡pw hcp-Wâ CS-s]- SÂsImp {it²-b-am-Ip-¶p. hkn-jvTsâ ]c-tZ-h-X-bm-WtÃm hcp-W³. A\yYm C{µ-kq-à-¯n hcp-W³ hcm-\n-S-bn-Ã. A´n-a-]Zyw (5) ]Ã-hn-. Cu C{µ-kq-à-¯n hcp-W-\mWv Ah-km-\-hm-s¡¶p tXm¶pw. ]e {]Im-c¯n-epw- 29-þmw kqàw tkma-¯nte¡pÅ EPp-hmb Hcp £W-am-sW-¦nepw C{µ³ X§-fpsS bÚs¯ h-cn-¡ptam F¶ D¡WvT kqà¯n-ep-S-\ofw ImWmw. CXv Cu C{µ-hr-¯n-se-aäp kqà-§-fp- sSbpw khn-ti-j-X-b-t{X. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä bm{Xm/£Wkqà-P\p-Êp-I-fn-epÅ ]Xn-hp-hm-N-I-§fpsS k©-b-am-sW¶p ]dbmw. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nÂ, ]t£, Ihn Gähpw \à bÚ-tk-h-\-amÀK-ta-sX¶p thh-em- Xn-s¸-Sp-¶p. \men ]qÀh-I-hn-Ifpw X§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-cm-bn-cp-¶n-öv FSp¯p]d-bp-¶p. 30-þmw kqàw hopw ssk\n-Ihpw aÕ-cm-ß-I-hp-amb ssNX\yw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. {]tXy-In¨v cmw - ]-Zy-¯nÂ. ap³s]mcp kqà-¯n hcp-Ws\ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨Xpt]m-se, Cu C{µ-kq-à-¯n Aánsb Ah-X- cn-¸n-¡p-¶p (3). Aán-bp-sSbpw Dj-Êp-I-fp-sSbpw kwtbm-P\w {]mXÀb-Ús¯ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]Zyw 4þse c£n-Xm-¡-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kvXpXn bÚ-¯n c£n-Xm-¡Ä ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ¡pw Ihn-IÄ¡pw Z£nW hnX- cWw sN¿p-¶-Xns\ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. ]{´p ]Zy-§-fpÅ 31-þmw kqàw XrN§-fm-bmWv kwhn-[m\w sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]t£ kqà-amsI Htc-I-I-ambn `mh-\ -sN-¿-s¸-«-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. ]ptcm-ln-X-k-Jm-¡-tfm-SpÅ Ihn-bpsS kwt_m-[-\-tbmsS kqàw XpS-§p¶p (1). XpSÀ¶p Ihn-bpsS Bß-kw-t_m-[\. Xsâbpw kplr-¯p-¡-fp-sSbpw kwbp-tàm- ev]-¶-sa¶ \ne-bn ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p (2). Ah-km-\s¯ XrNhpw, CXp-t]m-se, Ihn ]ptcm-ln-X-·msc kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sImp XpS-§p-¶p (10). Ihnbpw Iq«p-Imcpw CS-bv¡nsS C{µs\ kvXpXn-¡p¶ acp-¯p- ¡-tfmSv D]-an-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-v (2, 8, 12). Ggmw aWvU-e-¯nse C{µ-hr-¯-¯nse Cu A´n-a-kqàw (32) {]Km-Y-I-fpsS Abª Hcp kam-l-mc- am-Wv. BZys¯ {]KmY Ccp-h-cn-hym-]vXn-bp-Å-Xv (3). ]Zy-tPm-Sn-I-fnÂt¸mepw kwln-XXzw Ipd-hm-Wv. ]t£, amÀ -`À¯m-hns\¶-t]mse tIm«-IÄ C{µ\p Iogvhg-§p-¶psh¶ Cu ]Zy-¯nse D-]a at\m-l-c-a-t{X. icn-bmb kvXpXn-Im-hy-¯nsâ DZm-l-c-W-amWv C{µ-s\-¸-än-bpÅ CXnse Cu Htc-sbmcp ]Zyw. 1þ5 ]Zy-§fpw 2þ4 ]Zy-§-fpw X½n-epÅ sshcp-[yhpw {i²n-¡mw. 27-þmw kqàw C{µ-\nÂ\n¶p `uXn-I-h-kvXp-¡Ä kzoI-cn-¡m-\p-t±-in-¨p-Å-Xm-Wv. ChnsS aLþaL-h-þ-cm- [xþi_vZ-§-fpsS B[nIyw ImWmw. ]mcn-tXm-jn-Ihpw sImÅ-ap-X-ep-ambn _Ô-s¸« ]Z-§-fm-WtÃm Ch. X\n-¡pÅ kvXpXnbpw bÚ-hp-am-Wv Cu Zm\¯n\p t{]c-Iw. ssk\n-I-amWv C¯cw C{µ-kq-à-§-fn kmam-\y-ambn hcp¶ kµÀ`w. C{µ³ X§-fpsS `mK¯p tNcp-¶-Xmbn \memw ]Zy-¯n ImWp-¶p. bp²- ¯n Ccp-h-i-¯p-ap-Å-h-sc-¶-t]mse, H¶n-e-[nIw bP-am-\-·mÀ X§-fpsS bÚ-¯n-te-¡p- h-cp-¶-Xn\pw C{µs\ hnfn-¡pw. he-I-Ym-kq-N-\-tbmsS ]ip-¡sf XS-hn-em-¡p-¶Xpw Cu kqà-¯nse Hcp {]ta-b-ambn hmbn-¡mw. A´n-a-amb A©mw ]Zy-¯n C{µ-t\mSv k¼-¯n\p hnim-e-amb Øe-w Xcm-\pÅ At]£ ImWmw. Cu ]c-¼-c-bnse asämcp kqà-amb 28-þse {]tabw bP-am-\-·mÀ X-½n-epÅ InS-a-Õ-c-am-Wv. BZy-s¯ - ]Zyw, aäp-Å-hÀ hnfn-¡p-¶p-s-¦n-epw, X§fpsS hnfn am{Xta {i²n-¡m-hq F¶v C{µs\ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zyw X§-fpsS ASp-t¯¡p hc-¯-¡-hn[w aäp-Å-h-cpsS hnfn Ah-K-Wn-¡m-\pÅ iàn C{µ-¶p- s¶v hyà-am-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯n-sâ- D-¯-cmÀ[hpw aq¶mw ]Zyhpw C{µ-sâ- a-l-¯mb hoc-IÀa-§-fn- te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. Cu JWvUw ]Z-eo-e-bn-eqsS BZy-]-Zy-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zyw Cu C{µ- kq-à-¯n \nco-£-I\pw a\p-jy-cpsS s]cp-am-ä-¯nsâ hn[n-IÀ¯m-sh¶ \nebv¡pw hcp-Wâ CS-s]- SÂsImp {it²-b-am-Ip-¶p. hkn-jvTsâ ]c-tZ-h-X-bm-WtÃm hcp-W³. A\yYm C{µ-kq-à-¯n hcp-W³ hcm-\n-S-bn-Ã. A´n-a-]Zyw (5) ]Ã-hn-. Cu C{µ-kq-à-¯n hcp-W-\mWv Ah-km-\-hm-s¡¶p tXm¶pw. ]e {]Im-c¯n-epw- 29-þmw kqàw tkma-¯nte¡pÅ EPp-hmb Hcp £W-am-sW-¦nepw C{µ³ X§-fpsS bÚs¯ h-cn-¡ptam F¶ D¡WvT kqà¯n-ep-S-\ofw ImWmw. CXv Cu C{µ-hr-¯n-se-aäp kqà-§-fp- sSbpw khn-ti-j-X-b-t{X. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä bm{Xm/£Wkqà-P\p-Êp-I-fn-epÅ ]Xn-hp-hm-N-I-§fpsS k©-b-am-sW¶p ]dbmw. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nÂ, ]t£, Ihn Gähpw \à bÚ-tk-h-\-amÀK-ta-sX¶p thh-em- Xn-s¸-Sp-¶p. \men ]qÀh-I-hn-Ifpw X§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-cm-bn-cp-¶n-öv FSp¯p]d-bp-¶p. 30-þmw kqàw hopw ssk\n-Ihpw aÕ-cm-ß-I-hp-amb ssNX\yw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. {]tXy-In¨v cmw - ]-Zy-¯nÂ. ap³s]mcp kqà-¯n hcp-Ws\ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨Xpt]m-se, Cu C{µ-kq-à-¯n Aánsb Ah-X- cn-¸n-¡p-¶p (3). Aán-bp-sSbpw Dj-Êp-I-fp-sSbpw kwtbm-P\w {]mXÀb-Ús¯ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]Zyw 4þse c£n-Xm-¡-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kvXpXn bÚ-¯n c£n-Xm-¡Ä ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ¡pw Ihn-IÄ¡pw Z£nW hnX- cWw sN¿p-¶-Xns\ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. ]{´p ]Zy-§-fpÅ 31-þmw kqàw XrN§-fm-bmWv kwhn-[m\w sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]t£ kqà-amsI Htc-I-I-ambn `mh-\ -sN-¿-s¸-«-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. ]ptcm-ln-X-k-Jm-¡-tfm-SpÅ Ihn-bpsS kwt_m-[-\-tbmsS kqàw XpS-§p¶p (1). XpSÀ¶p Ihn-bpsS Bß-kw-t_m-[\. Xsâbpw kplr-¯p-¡-fp-sSbpw kwbp-tàm- ev]-¶-sa¶ \ne-bn ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p (2). Ah-km-\s¯ XrNhpw, CXp-t]m-se, Ihn ]ptcm-ln-X-·msc kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sImp XpS-§p-¶p (10). Ihnbpw Iq«p-Imcpw CS-bv¡nsS C{µs\ kvXpXn-¡p¶ acp-¯p- ¡-tfmSv D]-an-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-v (2, 8, 12). Ggmw aWvU-e-¯nse C{µ-hr-¯-¯nse Cu A´n-a-kqàw (32) {]Km-Y-I-fpsS Abª Hcp kam-l-mc- am-Wv. BZys¯ {]KmY Ccp-h-cn-hym-]vXn-bp-Å-Xv (3). ]Zy-tPm-Sn-I-fnÂt¸mepw kwln-XXzw Ipd-hm-Wv. ]t£, kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw GIo-`m-h-t¯m-sS-bpÅ Hcp {]ta-b-apv: C{µ-sâ -D-Zm-c-amb Zm\hpw R§-fpsS \µn- ]qÀh-I-amb kzoI-c-W-hpw. C{µ-kq-à-¯nÂt¸mepw CX{X ]Xn-hn-Ãm-¯-Xm-Wv. am{X-a-Ã, ChnsS \mw tXSp¶ C{µ-Zm\w IqSm-sX, Ah³ a\p-jyscbpw c£n-Xm-¡-sfbpw Zm\hpw aäp klm-b-§Ä sNbvXpw Ah-cpsS Imcy-¯n A\p-Iq-e-ambn {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-¶Xpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p (7, 8, 10, 15). Gsd hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ C{µ³ aäp bÚ-§sf adn-I-S¶v Xsâ bÚ-¯n k¶n-ln-X-\m-Ip-tam- F¶ D¡WvT BZy-]-Zyw, ]Xn-hp-t]m-se, ]¦p-sh-¡p-¶p. Cu C{µ-hn-ti-jWw 17, 20, 26 F¶n-§s\ ]e-Ipdn BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶Xp ImWmw. kqà-¯n hnkvX-cn-¡p¶ bÚ-hn-h-cWw C{µsâ kwi-bs¯ hÀ[n-¸n-¡p-am-dp-Å-Xm-Wv. Cu kqà-¯n C{µ³ ]c- tam-¶-X-\-t{X. 27 ]Zy-§-fn H¶n-sem-gnsI aäp tZh-X-I-fmcpw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. B H¶n-em-Is« (10) C{µsâ kl-bm-{Xn-I-cmb acp-¯p-¡-fmWv ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. hkn-jvT-þ-C-{µ-hr-¯-¯nsâ Gä-hp-sam-Sp-hn hcp¶ 33-þm-as¯ {]i-kvX-kqàw hkn-jvTsâ \nKq-V- amb P·hpw hkn-jvT-sâbpw ]n·p-d-¡m-cp-sSbpw t\«-§fpw, {]tXy-In¨v cmPm-hmb kpZm-Êns\ C{µ-sâ -h-i- t¯¡v BIÀjn-¡p-¶-Xpw Zmi-cm-Ú-bp-²-¯n C{µsâ ]n´pW Dd-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw, hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. A\p-{I-a- Wn-b-\p-k-cn-¨pÅ taÂt¨À¯ kqà-IÀ¯r-hn-`-P\w icn-b-sÃ-¶mWv Pman-k¬-þ-sâ A`n-{]m-bw. Ah-cpsS ]£-¯n C§-s\-bmWv thXv: kqàw 1þ6, 7þ9, 10-þ14 F¶n-§s\ aq¶p `mK-§-fmbn hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. BZys¯ Bdp ]Zy-§Ä hkn-jvT³ C{µs\ hnP-b-I-c-ambn Xsâ tkma-b-Ú-¯n-te¡p £Wn-¡p- ¶Xpw XXv^-e-ambn C{µ³ Zmi-cm-Ú-bp-²-¯n kpZm-Ên-s\bpw XrÕp-¡-sfbpw klm-bn-¡p-¶Xpw {]Xn- ]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. 1þ4 ]Zy-§-fpsS hàm-hp-Xs¶ C{µ-\m-Wv. ASp¯ `mKw aq¶v F¶ kwJysb ASn-Øm-\-am-¡n- bpÅ aq¶p {]tl-fn-I-I-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xm-Wv. Cu {]tl-fn-I-I-fpsS ]cn-lmcs¯¸än A`n-{]m-b-t`-Z-§-fp-m- hmw. hkn-jvTsâ A½ A]vk-c-Êmb DÀh-inbpw Aѳ an{Xm-h-cp-W-\p-am-Wv. Cu hnh-c-W-§-fnsems¡ Ahy-àX ImWmw. Abª LS-\-bn-epÅ 34-þmw kqà¯n bÚ-s¯ kw_-Ôn¨pw (1, 4þ5, 8þ9) {]tXy-I-tZ-h-·msc kw_-Ôn-¨p-apÅ ]Zy-§Ä- C-S-I-eÀ¶p-h-cp-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ BZy-`m-K-§-fn tZh-·mÀ¡pÅ ]Zy-§Ä {]tl- fn-Im-cq-]-¯n-ep-Å-h-bpw tZh-\m-a-§Ä ]d-bm-¯-h-bpam-Wv: C{µ³ (3), khn-Xmhv (4), Aán (7). ]t£, kqàw apt¶m«p t]mIp-t¼mÄ (10-þ11), hcp-W³ sXm«v tZh-·mcpw Znhy-i-àn-Ifpw \nÀh-Nn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu `mK¯v Aln _p[v\y³ (16-þ17) Xp-S-§nb A{]-[m-\-tZ-h-·m-cmWv {][m-\-ambn hcp-¶-Xv þ 23-þmw ]Zyw-h-sc. CS-bv¡nsS i{Xp-¡Ä¡pw tZtlm-]-{Z-h-¯n-\p-sa-Xn-cmbn klm-b-¯n-\-`yÀYn-¡p¶ `mK-§fpw [mcm-f-ap-v (12-þ13, 18-þ19). Ah-k-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fnÂ, khn-ti-j-X-I-sf-Sp¯p ]d-bm-sX, ]e {][m-\-tZ-h-X-I-sfbpw hnfn-¡p-¶p. shÅ-¯nsâ {]-tabw kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw \ng-em«w \S-¯p-¶p-s¶v FSp¯p ]d-tb--Xp-v. Gsd-¡psd aSp-¸p-f-hm-¡p¶ 35-þmw kqà-¯nse BZys¯ 13 ]Zy-§Ä Hcp tZh-s\tbm tZh-·m-sctbm iàn-sbtbm bÚ-L-S-I-s¯tbm hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (14-þ15) hnhn-[-kw-L-§-fn- epÅ tZh-·m-tcmSv kvXpXn Bkz-Zn-¡m\pw X§Ä¡p Øew \ÂIm\pw At]-£n-¡p-¶p. ]e hntiz--tZ-h-kq-à-§-fnep-sa-¶-t]m-se, 36-þmw kqàw Hmtcm tZh-Xbv¡pw AYhm Hmtcm tZh-kw-L- ¯n\pw Hmtcm ]Zyw \o¡n-sh-¡p¶p. an¡-h-cp-sSbpw t]cp ]d-ªn-«p-v. Nne-cp-tSXv ]d-ªn-«n-sÃ-¦nepw hnh- c-Ww-sImv kv]jvS-am-Wv. hf-sc-¡p-d-¨p-am{Xw ]Zy-§Ä kpXm-cy-a-Ã. kqcy³ (1), an{X³, hcp-W³ (2), cp{Z³ (5), \Zn-IÄ (6), acp-¯p-¡fpw A½bpw (7), Ac-a-Xn, ]qjm-hv, `K³ (8), acp-¯p-¡-fpw -hn-jvWphpw (9). aäp-Å- h-bpsS hymJym-\-¯n A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xy-k§fp-v. bÚ-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ Ime-{I-a-]p-tcm-K-Xn-bpsS ASn-Øm- \-¯nepw Cu kqàs¯ hymJym-\n-¡mw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n {]`m-X-¯n Aán Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw bÚ- `q-an-bn b-Ú-h-NÊv D¨-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. kqàw cmw ]Zy-¯nepw tkma-sam-cp-¡Â aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nepw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. ASp¯- ]-Zy-¯n C{µs\ Xsâ IpXn-c-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn -bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm³ £Wn-¡p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy¯n icn-¡pÅ bÚw. Cu amXr-I-bn \Zn-I-fpsS hnh-cWw (6) tNcp-¶n-Ã. AXv tkma-¯n tNÀ¡m-\pÅtXm atä-sX-¦nepw Bh-iy-¯n-\p-ÅtXm Bb- shÅ-s¯-¸-än-bm-hmw. A-h-km- \s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (7þ9) k¼-¯n\pw {]P-IÄ¡p-ambn hnhn-[-tZ-h-X-Itfm-SpÅ A`yÀY-\-bm-Wv. 37-þmw kqàw kmt¦-Xn-I-ambn hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡mWv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-sX-¦nepw E`p-¡fpw (1-þ2) C{µ\pw (3- þ7) am{X-a-mWv icn¡pw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. A´n-a-]Zyw (8) khn-Xm-hns\ kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm-p- Å-Xm-Wv. C{µ\v E`p-¡-fp-am-bpff _Ôw bÚ¯nse XrXo-b-k-h-\-k-µÀ`-¯n-em-Wv. AXn lhn-Ên E`p-¡Ä¡pw lhymw-i-ap-v. khn-Xmhv kmbw-Im-e-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« tZh-X-bm-I-bm Ahsâ km¶n[yw DNn-X-hp-am-Wv. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä bÚs¯ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶p: tZh-·mÀ hcp-¶p, H¶n¨p IpSn-¡p-¶p, bP-am-\\pw c£n-Xm-¡Ä¡pw Zm\-§Ä \ÂIp-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n kwL-Km-\-t¯msS C{µs\ bm{X-b-b- bv¡p-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zy-§-fn cwKw -am-dp-¶p. 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fn X§Ä¡p IqSp-X AXnÀ¯n-{]-tZ-i-§Ä t\Sm³ klm-bn-¨-Xn\v C{µs\ kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. 7þmw ]Zyw ]e hymJym-\-§Ä¡pw hgn sXfn-¨n-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. 38-þmw kqà-¯nse BZy-s¯- cp ]Zy-§-fn khn-Xm-hmWv apJy-tZ-h-X. Ah³ Xsâ cq]w DbÀ¯n- ¸n-Sn-¨p-w Xsâ- iàn {]ZÀin¸n¨pw sImv aäp-Å-hsb t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n hkp-¡Ä F¶-dn-b- s¸-Sp-¶ -tZ-h-kwLhpw 4þ AZn-Xnbpw BZn-Xy\pw Ahs\ kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. ]Zyw A©n [mcm-fw- e-Lp-tZ- h-X-Isf ImWmw. ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se, \mw tXSp¶ km[-\-§-Ä hnX-cWw sN¿p¶ `K³ khn-Xm-hn-t\m- sSm-¸-amWv kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv (1-þ6). Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (7-þ8) k½m-\-tP-Xm-¡sf kw_-Ôn-¡p- ¶-h-b-t{X. s]mXp-hn hmPn-i_vZw IpXn-c-I-sf-¡p-dn-¡p-¶-Xm-sW-¦nepw ChnsS, bÚ-k-µÀ`-am-I-bmÂ, acp- ¯p-¡fmWv hnh-£n-X-a-s\-¶mWv an¡ ]WvUn-Xcpw A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. 39-þmw kqà-¯nsâ LS-\m-XXzw bÚm-ánbpw AXv B[y£yw hln-¡p¶ {]mXx-k-h-\hpat{X. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n bÚw XpS-§p-¶p. bÚ-`q-an-bn tZh-·mÀ {]`m-X-¯n kt½-fn-¡p¶p (2þ3). Aán-tbmSv bÚ- a-\p-jvTn-¡m\pw (4) hnhn-[-tZ-h-·msc AXn-te¡p hcp-¯m\pw (5) DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. Ihn bÚ-¯n\p Xsâ kw`m-h\ {]Jym-]n-¡p-Ibpw Aán-tbmSv DNn-X-amb {]Xn-^-e-§Ä¡p tNmZn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p (6). A´n-a-]Zyw (7) hkn-jvT-·m-cpsS t]cn kqàm-i-b-§-fpsS kw{K-lWw \S-¯p-¶p. k¼-¯nsâ hnX-c-W-amWv 40-þmw kqà-¯nsâ hnj-bw. ]e tZh-·mÀ AXp {Ia-{]-Imcw `wKn-bmbn \nÀh-ln-¡p-¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n CXv khn-Xmhpw `K\pw XpS-§p-¶p. \n[n `mKn-¡p-¶Xv ChÀ c-p-t]-cp-am- sW¶p \mw ap³]v (7. 38) Ip-h-tÃm. ChnsS sshhn-[yhpw ssh]p-eyhpamÀ¶v tZh·mcpsS Cu -k-¼-Zzn-X- cWw lrZ-b-lm-cn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ aäp klm-b-§Ä sN¿p-¶Xpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p-v (3-þ4). ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸m-se, 41-þmw kqàhpw hnX-c-Ww-sIm-pÅ R§-fpsS k¼m-Z-\-¯n\p \o¡n-sh-¨n- cn-¡p-¶p. ]t£,- C-hnsS hnX-cWw an¡-hmdpw `K-\p-X-s¶-bm-Wv. `K\v `mK-sa-¶ÀY-am-W-tÃm. {]`m-X-¯nse hnhn-[-tZ-h-X-Isf hnfn-¨p-sIm-mWv kqàw XpS-§p-¶-sX-¦nepw (1) XpSÀ¶pÅ \mep ]Zy-§Ä (2-þ5) `K-s\- bmWv k\n-jvIÀjw kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-Xv. kqà-¯nsâ {]mXx-Ime-k-µÀ`w Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§- fn (6-þ7) Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. X§-tfm-sSm¸w `Ks\ sImp-h-cp¶ Dj-Êp-Isf kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶-h-bm-W-h. A´n- a-]Zyw (7) `Ks\ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶n-Ã. CXv ]n¶oSv Hcp-jx-kq-à-¯n ImWp-¶pv (7. 80. 3). 7. 39 t]mse 42-þmw kqàw {]mXxtkma-k-h-\s¯, hnti-jn¨v AXn Aán-bpsS ]¦ns\, kw_-Ôn- ¡p-¶p. kqàw FÃm bÚ-L-S-I-§fpw X¿m-dm-sb¶p ImWn-¡p¶ ]Zyw-sImp XpS-§p-¶p. At¸mÄ Aán Xsâ Pzme-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn AXn-s\ -{]-tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p¶p (2). AXv hep-Xmbn hcp-¶-tXmsS bÚm-\p-jvTm-\w apt¶m-«p-t]m-Ip-¶p. (3, 5). XpSÀ¶v Aán, ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se, AXn-Yn-bmbn hnti-jn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (4). A´n-a-]Zyw (6) Ihn-bm-b -h-kn-jvTsâ t]cv FSp-¯p-]-d-ªp-sImv kqàm-ibw kw{K-ln-¡p-¶p. CXp hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-am-sW-¦nepw Aán-sbm-gn¨p aäp tZh-X-Isf A©mw ]Zy-¯nte kvacn-¡p-¶p-Åq. AhnsS Ah-scÃmw bÚw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-h-c-t{X. 43-þmw kq-à-w bÚ-¯n-emWv tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. 1þ2 ]Zy-§-fn AXp XpS-§n-¡-gn-ªp. cn ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-tcmSv bÚw sN¿m³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fn tZh-·m-cpsS km¶n-[yw. Ah-cpsS hyàn-]-c-amb hnh-c-W-¯n Ihn DZm-ko-\-\m-Wv (4). bÚ-tI-{µn-X-Xz-¯n-\p- tN-cpw-hn[w Aánsb am{X- amWv FSp¯p ]d-bp-¶-Xv. kzÀK-s¯bpw `qan-sbbpw H¶mw ]Zy-¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-tX-bp-Åq. Aán-bpsS {]hÀ¯-\hpw kJyhpw X§-fpsS t£a-¯n\p \nÀWm-b-Iam-Wv. 44-þmw kqàw {]mXxkh-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« hnhn-[-tZ-h-X-Isf, kqà-hn-j-b-amb Z[n-{Im-hpÄs¸-sS, hnfn-¨p-sImv H¶mw ]Zyw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. Z[n-{Imhv F¶ IpXnc FÃm ]Zy-§-fnepw hcp-¶p-v. 45-þm-as¯ Cu {lkz-kqàw km[-\-§fpw a\p-jy\v Bh-iy-ap-Å-hbpw \ÂIp-¶-h-s\¶ \ne-bn khn-Xm-hn tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ aäp khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-v. Ah³ Xsâ kzÀW-l- kvX-§-fp-bÀ¯p-¶Xpw (2) Znh-khpw hn{i-an-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw PwK-a-tem-Is¯ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw (1) khn-tijw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 46-þm-as¯ Cu {lkz-kqàw apJy-ambpw cp{Z-t\mSv lnwkn-¡m-\pÅ Ah-sâ- k-hn-ti-j-kz-`m-hs¯ \nb-{´n-¡m\pw Ah-sâ- i-a-\u-j[nbpw klm-b-]qÀW-amb Zm\-§fpw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xn-eqsS Ah \ÂI- W-sa¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. bÚ-{]-tbm-K-¯nepw tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xnepw apJy-ambp]tbm-Kn-¡p¶ shÅs¯ hmgv¯p-I-bm- Wn-hn-sS 47-þmw kqà-¯nÂ. tkmaw F¶ -t]cv hyà-ambn ]d-ªn-«n-Ã. 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fn shÅ-¯n\p ]Icw \Zn-I-fmWv {]IoÀ¯n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. ]t£, Ah-bpsS `uXn-I-k-hn-ti-j-X-IÄ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ah X§Ä¡p hnim-e-amb Øew Xc-W-sa¶v Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n At]-£-bp-v. Bcy-k-ap-Zmbw \Zn-IÄ XcWw sN¿p-¶- Xn-sâbpw Ahsb Iog-S-¡p-¶-Xn-sâbpw kqN\ ChnsS ImWmw. 48-þmw kqàw. E`p, hmP³, hn`-hmhv F¶n-h-cmWv s]mXp-hn Adn-b-s¸Sp¶ aq¶p E`p-¡Ä. AhÀ C{µsâ `mK¯p \n¡p-¶p. Nne-t¸mÄ C{µ³ E`p-¡-fpsS ]Xn (E-`p-£m-hv) F¶p hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿m- dp-v. E`p-£mhv F¶ Cu t]cv E`phnsâ asämcp hnh-c-Whp-am-hmw. 1, 3 ]Zy-§Ä CXnsâ kqN-\-I-f-t{X. aq¶r-`p-¡-fn Bcp-sS-sb-¦nepw t]cv _lp-h-N-\-cq-]-¯n hnfn-¡pI-bp-am-hmw. cmw ]Zy-¯n ""hn`hx'' F¶p {]tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p-v. shÅ-s¯-¸-än-¯-s¶-bpÅ 7. 47-þÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn 49-þmw kqà-¯n shÅ-¯nsâ `uXn-I-\nÀh- N-\-apv: {]tXy-In¨v cmw ]Zy-¯n shÅw F{X Xc-¯n-ep-s¶p hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. tZho (kzÀK-¯n-ep- Å-Xv þ ag), {kh´o (H-gp-Ip-¶Xv þ \-Zn-IÄ), J\n-{Xnamx (Ip-gn-s¨-Sp-¡-s¸-«Xv þ InW-dn-ep-Å-Xv), kzbw Pmx (kz-b-tah Dm-hp-¶Xv þ s]m´n-h-cp-¶-Xv, kap-{Z-¯n-ep-Å-Xv) þ Ch-sbÃmw kap-{Z-¯n-te-s¡m-gp-Ip-¶p. ]t£, BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn hnh-cn¨ Hgp-Ip¶ shÅ-¯n-sâ- ip-²nbpw ip²o-I-c-W-i-ànbpw AXn\p aÀ¯yhpw `uXn-I-hp-amb KpWw \ÂIp-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n hcp-W-tZ-h³ \nco-£-I\pw a\p-jy-IÀa-§- fpsS hn[n-IÀ¯m-hp-sa¶ \ne-bn A¡q-«-¯n-ep-v. CXp-t]m-epÅ `mK-¯p-\n¶v hcp-W³ F§s\ shÅ- hp-ambn ASp¯p _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶p-sh¶p ImWmw. \memw ]Zy-¯n bÚ-km-{am-Py-¯n-te¡p hcp-¶p. tkma- b-Ú-¯n shÅ-¯nsâ D]-tbmKw AhnsS kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯nse ia-\u-j-[n-kq-à-§-fn-sem-¶m-Wv 50-þmw kqàw. ap³kq-à-¯n Ah-km-\-]Zyw klm-b- ¯n\p \Zn-Isf hnfn¨Xp-sImv Cu kqàw shÅ-¯nsâ- Iq-«-¯n DÄs¸-Sp-¯n. Imen-se- tcm-K-§-sf-¡p- dn-¨mWv Cu kqà-¯n ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. hnhn-[-hn-j-§Äs¡-Xn-sc-, hnti-jn¨p kÀ¸-hn-j-¯n-s\-Xn-sc-bm- av, ChnsS hnhcn-¨-sX¶v A`n-{]m-b-ap-Å-h-cp-ap-v. 51-þmw kqàw Ipä-aä coXn-bn A\p-jvTm\w \S-¯n-s¡mv bÚs¯ c£n-¡m³ BZn-Xy-·m-tcm-SpÅ s]mXp-hmb DZvt_m-[-\-am-Wv. Ipä-aä Ah-Øsb {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ AZn-Xn-bp-sS -a-¡-fmb BZn-Xy-·mÀ X§-fpsS IS-a-bmWv C¯-c-¯n-epÅ DZvt_m-[-\-sa¶p hniz-kn-¡p-¶p. an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡pw aäp tZh-Xm-Zz-µz- §Ä¡papÅ tkma-l-hn-cÀ¸Ww cmhn-sebpw BZn-Xy-·mÀ¡pw- aäp tZh-kw-L-§Ä¡papÅXv sshIp-t¶chpam- Wv. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n ]d-bp¶ tZh-·mÀ¡p bÚ-Zn-\-¯n ]e t\c-§-fn-em-bmWv lhnÊp \ÂIp-¶-Xv. ]t£, AhnsS sshIp-t¶cw lhnÊp \ÂIp¶ BZn-Xy-·mÀ, hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ, E`p-¡Ä, Aizn-IÄ F¶o tZh-·mÀ¡p {]tXyIw Du¶Â \ÂIp-¶p-v. {]mXxkmbw-IÀa-§Ä cnepw _Ô-s¸-«-h-cmWv Aizn-IÄ F¶Xp {it²-bw. {lkzhpw an¡-hmdpw ]n¡m-e¯p cNn-¡-s¸-«-Xp-amb 52-þmw kqàw ]Xn-hn-Ãm¯ [mcmfw khn-ti-j-X- I-fp-Å-Xm-Wv. BZy-]-Zy-¯n Ihn Xs¶bpw kplr-¯p-¡-fmb bP-am-\-·m-scbpw kzbw hnti-jn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv BZn-Xy-·mÀ (Ip-ä-aä AZn-Xn-bpsS a¡Ä) F¶m-Wv. cmw ]Zy-¯n X§-fpsS Cu Cu \ncp-]-{Z-hXzw BhÀ¯n- ¡p-¶p. aäp-Å-h-cpsS Zpjv{]-hr-¯n-IÄsImv bÚ-¯n\p hà tZmjhpw h¶m AXn\p X§sf D¯-c- hm-Zn-I-fm-¡-cp-sX¶pw AhÀ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n bÚ-¯n AwKn-c-Êp-I-fpsS km¶n[ys¯¸än ]d-bp-¶p. Ct¸m-gs¯ ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ sFXn-ly-{]-kn-²-cmb AwKn-c-Êp-I-fpsS aqÀ¯o-`m- h-§-fm-sW¶v CXp kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 53-þmw kqàw kzÀKhpw `qanbpw kvXpXn-hn-j-b-§Ä am{X-am-Wv; `uXn-I-ambn k¦-ev]n-¡-s¸« iàn-I-f- Ã. 1þ2 ]Zy-§Ä Ah-cpsS ]ucm-Wn-I-Xz-¯nepw Imhy-]-c-amb hmgv¯p-I-fpsS ]ucm-Wn-I-X-bnepw Du¶p-¶p; aq¶m-a-t¯-Xv, ]Xn-hp-t]mse Ah-cpsS Zm\-§-fn-epw. 54-þm-as¯ Cu {l-kz-kqàw hmk-Øm-\-¯n-sâ- A-[n-tZ-h-X-bm-b -hm-kvtXm-jv]-Xnsb A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. CXp ]n¡m-e-b-Ú-¯n Krl-{]-th-i-¯n sNmÃn-h-cp-¶p. 55-þmw kqà-¯nsâ BZy-]Zyw hmkvtXm-jv]-Xn¡p kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶p-h-cp-¶Xv Xmcm-«nsâ coXn-bn- epÅ Hcpd¡p-]m-«m-Wv. hr¯-a-\p-k-cn¨v CXn\p cp `mK-§Ä: 2þ4, 5þ8. ]t£, `mssh-Iy-ap-v. 2þ4 ]Zy-§Ä cm{Xn-bn- \nco-£-I-\mbn Ipc-¡p¶ Hcp \mb-tbmSv Dd-§n-s¡m-Åm³ ]d-bp-¶-Xm-Wv. C{µsâ \mb-bmb kc- a-bpsS ]p{X-\mWv \mb. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ6) a{´-cq-]-¯n-epÅ ho«w-K-§-fpsS Hcp ]«n-I-bm-Wv. Hmtcm-cp-¯-sc-bpw- D-d-§m³ ]d-ª-b-bv¡p-I-bm-Wv. Ggmw ]Zyw Nt{µm-Z-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Ah-scÃmw Dd-§p-¶- Xmbn hÀWn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-]Zyw Xncn-¨-dn-b-s¸-Sm¯ Hcp ]äw kv{XoIÄ Ahn-S-hnsS hoWpInS-¶p-d-§p¶- Xmbn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ kz]v\-¯n ]eXpw ]pe-¼p¶p. Cu kqàw {]kzm-]n-\yp-]-\n-j-s¯¶p hnfn-¡- s¸-Sp-¶p. Bkzm-Zy-am-sbmcp JWvU-a-t{X. 56-þmw kqà-¯n\v hr¯-a-\p-k-cn¨v cp `mK-§Ä: BZy`mKw {lkzamb Zzn]Z hncm-«nepw cmw `mKw Xmc-X-tay\ ZoÀL-amb {XnjvSp-¸nepw \n_-²-am-bn-¡p-¶p. tZh-·m-cpsS kwc-£-W-¯n-\pÅ s]mXp-hmb A`yÀY- \-bmb 7. 34 se A´n-a-]Zyw ]¦p-sh-¨p-sImv kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. Cu kqàw acp-¯p-¡-fpsS P·- s¯bpw kzXz-s¯bpw ]än-bpÅ \mep ]Zy-§-tfmsS XpS-§p-¶p. ]riv\n-bnÂ\n-¶pÅ Ah-cpsS \nKq-Vm-ß- I-amb P\\w ChnsS {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p ({]tXy-In¨v 4). AhÀ kam-\-\cpw hyXy-kvX-cp-am-sW¶ sshcp- [yhpw Nqn-¡m-Wn-¡p-¶p. 57-þmw kqà-¯nsâ hnjbw acp-¯p-¡-fpsS bÚ-l-hn-Êm-Wv. ]t£, ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸m-se, {]tXy- I-amb bÚ-k-µÀ`-sam¶pw ]d-bp-¶n-Ã. acp-¯p-¡Ä¡v bÚ""-a-[p'' (tkm-aw)-hn-\pÅ £W-t¯msS kqàw XpS-§p-¶p. AhÀ bÚ-¯n\p ]pd-s¸-Sp-¶p. BXnYyw kzoI-cn-¨p-sImv hnip-²-ZÀ¸pÂhn-cn-¸n-en-cp¶v AhÀ lhnÊp kzoI-cn-¡p¶p (2). A©mw ]Zy-¯n bÚw hnP-b-I-c-ambn kam-]n-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶v Ah-cpsS klm-b-¯n\pw Zm\-¯n-\p-apÅ A`y-ÀY\. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (6þ7) bÚ-{]-{In-b-bpsS kw{K- lw. ]Zyw 4 Hcp acp-Õq-à-¯n A[n-I-¸-äp-t]mse A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ah-cpsS Akv{Xw X§sf Hgn-hm-¡- W-sa¶ At]£ Akm-[m-c-W-a-sÃ-¦nepw ""X§Ä hcp-¯nb sXän\v''F¶ {]tbmKw hcp-W-t\mtSm BZn-Xy- ·m-tcmtSm DÅ At]-£-bn-emWv kzm`m-hn-Iw. hkn-jvT-c-Nn-X-kq-à-sa¶ \ne-bn Cu A\u-NnXyw {it²-b- am-Ip-¶p. [mÀan-I-{]-iv\-§-fn acp-¯p-¡Ä CS-s]-Sm-dn-Ã-tÃm. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nse acp-¯p-¡-fpsS Xnf-§p¶ hÀW\w AXoh lrZyw. sImSp-¦m-änsâ aqÀ¯o-`m-h-§-fmb acp-¯p-¡-fpsS `b-¦-c-amb iàn-bpsS hÀW-\-amWv 58-þmw kqàw. 1þ2 ]Zy-§-fn AXp XpS-§p-¶p-sh-¦nepw 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fn hnjbw Ihn-sbbpw c£n-Xm-¡-sfbpw klm-bn- ¡m-\pÅ Ah-cpsS iàn-bn-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. ]pcm-hr-¯-ssi-en-bn AhÀ C{µs\ klm-bn-¡p-¶-Xmbn \memw ]Zyw ]d-bp-¶p. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS t{Im[-km-[yX A©n ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS Aѳ in£n-¡p-¶-h\pw ia-\u-j-[n-I-fpsS DS-a-bp-am-sW¶v kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-]Zyw (6) ap³]-s¯ -A©p ]Zy-§-fp-apÄs¡m-Åp¶ Cu kvXpXn-kq-à-¯nsâ A\-Zy-X-\-`q-X-¯nse A\p-jvTm\w ]cm-aÀin¡p-¶ kw{K- l-a-t{X. 59-þmw kqà-¯nsâ ssZÀLyhpw hr¯-ssh-hn-[yhpw t\m¡p-t¼mÄ CXv (Np-cp-§nb ]£w Nne ]Zy-cn- §-sf-¦n-epw) acp-Õq-à-§Äs¡m-c-\p-_-Ô-ambn ]n¶oSv Fgp-Xn-t¨À¯-Xm-sW¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. BZys¯ Bdp ]Zy-§Ä Cucp ]Zy-§-f-S-§p¶ aq¶p {]Km-Y-I-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Hcp tZh-k-aq-l-¯n\pw (1-þ2) acp-¯p-¡Ä¡pw (3-þ6) \ÂIp¶ bÚ-tk-h\§fpw bP-am-\\p kn²n-¡p¶ t\«-§fpw BZy-]-Zy-§- fn hnh¡p-¶p. Cu Bdp ]Zy-§Ä Ignª A©p acpÕqà-§-fpsS XpSÀ¨-bmbn auen-I-am-bn-¯s¶ Dm-bn-cp-¶-Xm-hm-sa¶v ]WvUn-X-temIw s]mXp-hn A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. XpSÀ¶pÅ cp {XnjvSp-¸p-]-Zy- §Ä Cu {]ta-b-¯nsâ XpSÀ¨-X-s¶-bmWv ssIImcyw sN¿p-¶-Xv. Ah-km-\-s¯ -\mep ]Zy§Ä {]£n-]vX- am-sW¶p ]ecpw -XoÀ¯p ]d-bp-¶p. A´n-a-]Zyw {Xyw_-I-cp-{Z\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu tZh-\pÅ lhn-tÊm-sS-bmWv kmI-ta[w kam-]n-¡p-¶-Xv. 60-þmw kqà-¯nse BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§-fn DZbkqcy³ \ÃXpw No¯bpw sN¿p¶ P\-§sf \nco- £n-¡p-¶p. B \nebv¡v Ah³ an{X-sâbw hcp-W-sâbpw Acy-am-hn-sâbpw ZqX-\m-sW¶p ]d-bmw. aÀ¯y- cpsS {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡p taÂt\m«w hln-¡p-I-bm-WtÃm Ah-cpsS tPmen. BZn-Xy-·mÀ X§Ä aqÀ¯o-`mhw hln-¡p¶ kXy-§sf FXnÀ¡p-¶-h-sc -am-än-\nÀ¯p-¶p (5). X§-fpsS kXy-§f-dn-bm-¯-hÀ¡p-t]mepw AhÀ amÀK-ZÀi\w \ÂIp-¶p (6-þ7). tZh-·m-cmb AhÀ an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cpsS Nmc-·m-cp-at{X. BZn-Xy-·msc ]n´p-S-cp- ¶-Xp-sImp t\«-ap-s-¦nÂ, A§s\ sN¿m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-sImv A]-I-S-hp-ap-v. BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS t{Im[- s¯-¸än Ihn Xm¡oXp sN¿p-¶p (8). Acy-am-hnsâ i{XpXzw (9), X§fn ad-ªp-\n¡p¶ iàn-sImv AhÀ \-S-¯p¶ cl-kym-{I-aWw, CsXÃmw Ihn-sbbpw P\-§-sfbpw Ah-cpsS ap³]n ""hnd-¸n-¡p-¶p'' (10). BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS coXn-Isf ]n´p-S-cm-¯-h-cnÂ\n¶pÅ A]-ISw kqà-¯nsâ cmw ]mXn-bn ià- ambn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p-v. BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS kwc-£-Whpw Imcp-Wyhpw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-h-cpsS Iq«-¯n cmPm- hmb kpZm-Ênsâ t]cv {]tXyIw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p (8, 9). ap³kq-àw-t]m-se, 61-þmw kqàhpw kqtcym-Z-b-hÀW-\-tbmsS XpS-§p-¶p. A´-n-a]-Zyhpw AXn-te-Xp-X- s¶. a\p-jy-cp-sS- \-ÃXpw No¯-bp-amb {]hr-¯n-IÄ \nco-£n-¡p¶ an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cpsS I®mWv kqcy³. cmw ]Zy-¯n DZ-b-kq-cy³ an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-tcmSp kqà-ap-bÀ¯p¶ Ihn-bpsS i_vZ-am-Ip-¶p. kqcy³ {]Im-iw-sImv temI§Ä \nd-bv¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se, an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ FÃm temI-§-fnepw Xpf-¨p-I-b-dp-Ibpw Ah-bv¡-¸p-dw-t]mepw t]mhp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. {]P-IÄ sN¿p-¶Xpw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xp-sa-´m-sW¶p {i²n- ¡p¶ kap-Zm-b-§-fn-te¡v cmPm-¡-·mÀ ZqX-·m-sctbm Nmc-·m-sctbm Ab-bv¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mcpw FÃm-bn-S¯pw Nmc-·m-sc -A-b-bv¡p-¶p (3). aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nse Cu Nmc-]-cm-aÀiw hnjaw ]nSn¨ A©mw ]Zyw hni-Zo-I-cn-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p-¶p. cp ap³ kqà-§-fn-ep-sa-¶-t]m-se, Ihn 62-þmw- kqàw kqtcym-Z-b-t¯msS Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. kqcy³- FÃm Bcy-tKm-{X-§-sfbpw Xnf-¡p-Ibpw kzÀK-þ-`q-an-Isf {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-Ibpw AXp-sImv kzÀK-¯n\p Xpey-\m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (1). Aiz-§Ä Ahs\ hln-¡p-¶p. kvXpXn-IÄ apg-§p-¶p. kzÀK-¯nÂ\n¶p kqcy³ a\p-jy-cpsS IÀa-§Ä¡p km£yw hln-¡p-¶p. BZn-Xy-·mscbpw- A-ánsbbpw km£n- \nÀ¯n bP- am-\-·m-cpsS \ncp-]-{Z-hXzw hyà-am-àp-¶p (2). aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ihn hcp-W-t\mSpw an{X-t\mSpw Aán- tbmSpw AXyp-¶-X-amb AÀ¡w sImp-h-cm³ Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p. AÀ¡-¯n\p kvXpXn-¡p-]p-dsa Pzme F¶pw AÀY-ap-v. cm-a-s¯ -AÀYw IqSn t\m¡n-bm kqcy-s\-t¸mse Cu tZh-·m-scÃmw bÚ-tem-Is¯ {]Im- i-am-\-am-¡p-¶p-sh¶p ImWm³ Ign-bpw. \memw ]Zy-¯n kzÀKw, `qan, AZn-Xn F¶o tZh-X-IÄ kwt_m- [\ sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. 5þ CXp XpS-cp-¶p. A´n-a-]-Zy-¯n ChÀ hnim-e-amb Øe-ap-m-¡p-Ibpw hcpw-X-e-ap- d-IÄs¡Ãmw k©m-c-kzm-X{´yw e`y-am-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 7. 60-þ65 ]c-¼-c-bnse aäp kqà-§-tf-¡m-tf-¡mÄ 63-þmw kqàw DZ-b-kq-cy-\n tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. ChnsS kqcy³ BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS Zriy-am-b -Nn-Óhpw aqÀ¯o-`m-h-hp-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cpsS I®pw `K-s\-t¸mse kp`-K-\p-am-Ip¶p (1). ]t£, kqcy³ hnti-jn¨v khn-Xr-tZ-h-s\-t¸m-se-b-t{X. khn-Xmhv t{]cn- ¸n-¡p-¶-h-\m-W-tÃm (2). kqcy³ khn-Xm-hnsâ- cq-]-sa-Sp-¡p-Ibpw (3) P\-§sf khn-Xmhv t{]cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw (4) sN¿p-¶p. khn-Xr-tZ-h³ Poh-Pm-e-§sf cm{Xn AXXp hoSp-I-fn-se-¯n-¡p-¶p. kqcy³ ChnsS khn-Xm-hn- sâ- ]q-c-I-ambn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. AXm-b-Xv, Ahsc Znhtk-\-bpÅ tPmen-I-fn t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. kqcy³ FÃm sshZn-I-P-\-X-I-fp-sSbpw s]mXp-hmb Aán-bm-Wv. ""a\p-jyÀ¡p s]mXp-hmb ]n´p-W-''bm-W-h³. Ah³ AhÀ¡n-S-bn kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw cmjv{So-bw- t]m-ep-amb sFIyw krjvSn-¡p¶p (1). Cu ""s]mXp-N{Iw'' (2) Xncn-bp-t¼mÄ Znhkw XpS-§p¶p; Zn\-]-cn-]m-Sn-IÄ apt¶m«p t]mIp-¶p. khn-Xm-hns\ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNbvXp- sImv kqcy³ FÃm P\-§-sfbpw `cn-¡p¶ N{Iw DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p-¶p (3). ag-bv¡p-thn BZn-Xy-·m-tcmSp \S-¯p-¶ {]mÀY-\-bmWv 64-þmw kqàw. cmw ]Zy-¯n CXp hyà-am- ¡n-bn-«p-v. AtX ]Zyw tÇjÑmbm-bp-à-am-sW-¶p- Im-Wmw. ""LrX-hkv{Xw'' an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡p \ÂIp¶ lhn-Êm-Wv. AtX-k-abw AXv BZn-Xy-·mÀ Cu sh®lhn-Ên\p ]Icw \ÂIp¶ ag-b-t{X. \memw ]Zy-¯n Cu kqà-¯nsâ cN-bn-Xm-hn-t·Â an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ s\¿vv ag-b-t{X sNmcn-bp-¶Xv. ag-bpsS ^e-ambn bP-am-\- ·m-cpsS hmk-Øm-\-§Ä A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Spw. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mtcmsSm¸w ""tZthm Acyx'' (Acy-tZ-h³)-kw-t_m-[\ sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. Acy-tZ-h³ Acy-am-hm-sW¶p ]d-tb--Xn-Ã-tÃm. C§s\ ]tcm-£-am- b -co-Xn-bn ]d-bp-¶Xv Acn, Acy³ F¶o ]Z-§Ä ""A\y''s\¡p-dn-¡p-¶-Xm-sW-¦nepw Cu ""A\y³'' sshZnI- P-\-X-bn s]-Sp-¶-h\pw Bcy-·m-cp-sS k{¼-Zm-b-§Ä ]n´p-S-cp-¶-h\pw BZn-Xy-·msc ]n´p-S-cp¶XpsImv bÚ-§sf A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-h\pw `c-X-hw-i-¯nse kpZm-kn-s\-t¸mepw bP-am-\-·mÀ kpZm-k-·m-(\à Zm\w sN¿p-¶-h)cmsW¶p _lp-am-\-]qÀhw ]d-bp-¶-h-\p-am-Ip-¶p. ]Zyw 4 tXcnse Ccn-¸nSw BZ-cmÀl-am-- sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. ChnsS tXcv bÚ-am-sW¶p k¦-ev]n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu k¦-ev]\w aän-S-§-fnepw ImWmw. 65-þmw kqàw {]ta-b-¯nepw hmN-I-ssi-en-bnepw ap³ kqà-s¯-t¸m-se-¯-s¶-bm-Wv. A´n-a-]-Zyhpw AXn-te-Xp-X-s¶. an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-tcmSv ag-bv¡pÅ {]mÀY-\-X-s¶- C-Xpw. Acy-am-hn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ {]Xy£]cm- aÀi-an-Ã. an{Xm-h-cp-W-·msc Ihn- ""Acy'' (2) F¶p kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-XnÂ\n¶pw k{¼-Zm-b-§-fpsS tZh- s\¶ \ne-bn Ahsâ [À½-§-sf-¡p-dn¨v Ihn-bpsS hnh-c-W-¯nÂ\n¶pw ]tcm-£-amb ]cm-aÀiw ImWmw. \memw ]Zyw kqà-{]-tabw Gähpw hyà-ambn {]kvXm-hn-¡p-¶p. BZy-]m-Z-¯n Ihn tZh-·mÀ¡p lhnÊp \ÂIp-¶p. AXn s\¿pw aäp bÚ-ss\-th-Zy-§fpw DÄs¸-Sp-w. cmw ]mZ-¯nÂ- ag-bpsS cq]-¯n Ch Xncn-¨p-\ÂI-W-sa¶v Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p. aq¶mw ]mZ-¯n hc-(= B{K-l)sa¶ ]Zw cp XhW ImWmw. CXn-sem-s¶-¦nepw agsb Dt±-in-¨-t{X. Cu kqàw hnhn-[-hr-¯-§-fpsS F«p hrss¯-I-I-§Ä DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. BZys¯ aq¶v aq¶p Kmb- {Xo-Xr-N-§Ä. XpSÀ¶v aq¶p _rlXo/ktXm-_r-l-Xo-hr-¯-§Ä. ]pdsa Hcp Kmb-{Xo-XrNw IqSn. kqàw kam-]n-¡p-¶Xv A´n-a-amb Hcp ]pc -D-jvWn-¡p]-Zy-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn. hr¯-k-¦oÀW-X-bp-m-bmepw kqà-¯n- ep-S-\ofw auen-I-{]-ta-b-§Ä \ne-\n¡p-¶p-v. Cu kqàw sNmÃp-¶Xv kqtcym-Z-b-¯n-e-t{X. 4, 7, 12 ]Zy-§- fn CXp hyà-am-¡p-¶Xp ImWmw. Ah-km-\s¯ XrNw (16) XpS-§p-¶Xpw kqtcym-Z-b-]-cm-aÀit¯m-Sp-Iq- Snbm-Ip-¶p. 10-þ XpS-§p¶ {]KmY kqcy-]-cm-aÀi-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-¯-s¶. AXm-b-Xv, F«v GI-I-§-fn BZys¯ XrN-¯nte (1-þ3) an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡mWv kqà-k-aÀ¸-W-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p-Åq. kqcysâ DZ-bhpw k©m-chpw temI-sa§pw hym]n-¡p¶ BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS {]`pXzw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 66-þmw kqà-¯n BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä temI-§-fp-ambpw- b-Ú-IÀa-§-fp-ambpw _Ô- s¸«ncn¡p-¶p. kpZ-£cpw Z£-]p-{Xcpsa¶ hnti-j-W-§ÄsImv Cu {]-tabw BZy-ta- Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. bÚ-ssh-Z-Kv[ym-amWn-hnsS kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv (2). tZh-·mÀ aq¶p hn`m-K-§sf \ne-\nÀ¯p-¶p (10). CXv temI¯n\pw bÚ-¯n\pw {]kàw: temI-¯n\v kzÀKw, `qan, A´co£w F¶o aq¶p hn`m-K-§Ä; bÚ- ¯n\p {]mXx-k-h-\w, am[y-µn-\-k-h-\w, XrXo-b-k-h\w F¶n-§s\ aq¶p kh-\-§Ä. AhÀ ka-b-hn-`m-K-§- sfbpw \ne-\nÀ¯p¶p (11): sImÃw, amkw, Znh-kw. BZn-Xy-·m-cn-eq-sS-bmWv bP-am-\-·mcpw kvtXmXm-¡fpw ""hnjaw ]nSn¨ sRcp-¡-§-fpsS adp-Ic IS-¡p-¶Xv'' (4-þ5). 67-þmw kqà-¯n-se -B-Zy-]-Zy-§Ä bÚmán Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw DjÊv Zriy-am-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p- t¼mÄ, AXn-cm-hnse Aizn-IÄ hcp-¶Xp hnh-cn-¡p¶p (2). \memw ]Zy-¯n Aizn-Isf tXSp¶ kqà-amb tXcns\ hÀWn-¡p-¶p. 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fn kqà¯n-sâ- tI-{µm-ibw hyà-am-¡p-¶p. Aizn-I-tfmSv Xsâ -DÄ¡m- gv¨sb A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯W-sa¶pw AXp-sImv AXp bP-am-\-·mÀ¡p- t\-«-ap-m-¡n-s¡m-Sp-¡p-sa¶pw At]- £n-¡p¶p. Ggmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn ""\n[n''(tkm-aw)sb¸-änbpw ]d-bp-¶p. Xsâ kqà-t¯m-Sp-IqSn AXp \ÂIp- sa¶p XpS-cp-¶p. Aizn-IÄ¡p bP-am-\-·m-tcmSv i{Xp-X-bp-m-hp-I-bn-söp Ihn {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\- s¯ -cp ]Zy-§-fn Xsâ c£n-Xm-¡sf ]n´p-W-bv¡m³ Ihn Aizn-I-tfm-S-t]-£n-¡p-¶p. B c£n-Xm-¡- fpsS DZm-c-Xsbbpw sImÅ-ap-X-en-s\bpw ]pI-gv¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 68-þmw kqà-¯nse -B-Zy-s¯ \mep ]-Zy-§Ä AXn-cm-hn-se-bpÅ bÚ-¯n\v hcm\pw X§-fp-m-¡p¶ bÚ-l-hnÊp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡m\pw Aizn-I-sf -£-Wn-¡p¶p. ]Zyw 3þ Aizn-IÄ kqcy-]p-{Xn-bmb kqcy- tbm-sSm¸w hcn-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. CsXmcp {]mXx-kq-à-am-sW¶v Cu ]cm-aÀiw kqNn-¸n-¡p¶p (9-þmw ]Zyw- IqSn t\m¡p-I). \memw ]Zy-¯n-se -hn-{]³ ({]-tNm-Zn-X-I-hn) Cu kq-àw -sNm-Ãp-¶-h-\m-hm³ km[y-X-bp-v. ]t£, AXnsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯n ]nSn-¡-Ãpw -i-_v-Zn-¡p-¶p-sh¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xp-sImv AXpw kqàw sNmÃp-¶- sh¶p ]d-bmw. ]nSn-¡Ãv tkma-l-hn-sÊm-cp-¡p¶psh¶p hyà-am-bn-¯s¶ ]d-bp-¶p. cm-as¯ \mep- ]-Zy- §-fpsS JWvU¯n (5-þ8) Ihn Aizn-I-fp-sS- ho-c-Ir-Xy-§Ä kw£n-]vX-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. X§Ä NneÀ¡p klmbw sNbvXXmWv Ah-bn Nne-Xv. H³]Xmw ]Zyw Aizn-IÄ ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯nb ]ip-sh-¸än kqNn-¸n-¡p- ¶p. 69-þmw kqàw Aizn-I-fpsS tXcn\p {]m[m\yw sImSp-¡p-¶Xpw Ah-cpsS bm{Xsb hÀWn-¡p-¶-Xp-am- Ip-¶p. XpS-¡¯nepw ]ns¶ Hmtcm ]Zy-¯nepw tXcn-s\- hyà-am-bn-¯s¶ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-v. Ihn kzÀW- t¯-sc-¶m-Wv- A-Xns\ hÀWn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXn-sâ- h-c-thm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ {]`m-X-{]-Imi¯nsâ HuÖzeyw hÃm- s¯mcp Zriym-\p-`-hw-X-s¶. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n tXcv hcs\ Benw-K\w sN¿p¶ h[p-hnsâ ]¦p hln-¡p-¶p. hnhm-l-¯n\p t]mIp¶ tXcm-Wn-Xv. bÚ-amWv tXsc¶ k¦-ev]w- C-hn-sS -kq-Nn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. bÚ-¯nse aq¶p kh-\-§Ä¡p kam-´-c-ambn aq¶p tXÀs¸-«n-I-fp-Å-XmWv Aizn-I-fpsS tXcv. bÚhpw bÚ- ¯n-te¡v Aizn-Isf sImp-h-cp¶ tXcp-am-Wv- C-sX¶p Npcp-¡w. 4, 7 ]Zy-§-fn-sem-gnsI ""bm'' (= t]mIpI) [mXp-hnsâ {]tbm-K-§Ä ImWmw. Cu cp ]Zy-§-fn Aizn-I-fpsS al-¯mb IÀa-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-¶p: AhÀ kqcy-]p-{Xnsb hnhm-l-¯n\p sImp-h-cp-¶Xpw A{Xnsb Xo¡p-gn-bpsS NqSnÂ\n¶p c£n-¨Xpw kap- {Z-¯nÂ\n¶p `pPypsh hos-Sp-¯Xpw. Ch-bn-seÃmw Aizn-I-fpsS tXcpw bm{Xm-{]-ta-bhpw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸- Sp-¶p. 70-þmw kqà-¯nse Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n Ihn Aizn-IfpsS {i² Xsâ- \à Xncn-hpÅ AYhm k¦oÀW- amb (kp-hr-àn) kq-à-¯n-te-¡p £Wn-¡p-¶p. C¸-d-ªXp icn-bm-Wv. Ahy-à-amb AhÀWy-§-tfm-Sp-Iq- Snb cq]-I-§-fm k-¦oÀW-am-Wn-Xv. A¯-cw- kqàw Aizn-IÄ¡n-jvS-am-b-Xp-sImv CXp-Nn-Xw-X-s¶. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n bÚ-¯n X§-fp-sS- Øm-\-¯n-cn-¡m³ Ihn Aizn-Isf hnfn-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw Aizn-IÄ sImp-h-cp¶ {]Xn-^-e-§-fn-te¡p {i² £Wn-¡p-¶p. bP-am-\³ \Zn-I-fnÂ\n¶pw kky-§-fnÂ\n-¶pw- tKm- {X-§-fnÂ\n¶pw X\n¡v A`n-hr²n Is-¯p-¶p. C¡q-«-¯-n Chn-sS- A-izn-I-sfbpw DÄs¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p- ¶p. 71-þmw kqà-¯nse Ah-km-\-]-Zy-w ap³kq-à-¯n-te-Xp-X-s¶. AXn ]d-ª-t]mse Cu kqàhpw kphrànbmWv þ \à Xncn-hp-ÅXv (k-¦oÀWw). BZy-]Zyw CXv {]mXxkqà-am-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. {]mXx-Im-e- s¯ -A-cp-W-{]-` ssaen-¸-ip-¡-fm-sW¶p aän-S-§-fn Xncn-¨-dn-ªn-«p-v. Aizn-IÄ IpXn-c-I-sfbpw ]ip¡sfbpw sImp-h-cp-¶p-sh¶p hÀWn-¨p-sImv Ihn B _Ôw {]Xn-[z\n-¸n-¡p-¶p. 1þ2 ]Zy-§-fn i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶pw CÃm-bva-bnÂ\n¶pw tcmK-¯nÂ\n¶pw c£n-¡-W-sa¶v Aizn-I-tfmSv Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§- fn Ihn Aizn-I-fpsS tXcn-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. A©mw ]Zyw B]-¯nÂ\n¶p c£n-¡p¶ Aizn-I-fp-sS -\mep a-l-¯mb IÀa-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Pmlp-js\ c£n-¡p-¶-XmWv Ah-km-\-t¯Xv. 72-þmw kqà-w Aizn-I-tfmSv ""ChnsS hcm³'' BhÀ¯n-¨pÅ £W-am-Wv (1, 2, 5). CXnsâ ASn-b-´-c-kz- `mhw AhÀ Cu bÚ-¯nte ]s¦-Sp-¡m-hq, {]Xn-tbm-Kn-b-P-am-\-·m-cpsS bÚ-§-fn k¶n-ln-X-cm-Im-\pÅ £W-¯n\p sNhn sImSp-¡-cpXv F¶ bP-am-\s-â- Xm-ev]-cym-Xn-ibw hyà-am-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n {]`m- X-¯nsâ hym]-I-{]-Im-i-¯n\p kam-´-c-ambn bÚm-án-I-fp-sSbpw Kmb-I-cnÂ\n-¶p-b-cp¶ Imhym-ß-I-]-hn- {X-a-{´-§-fp-sSbpw hym]-I-{]-Imiw hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. A©m-a-t¯-Xmb A´n-a-]Zyw \men-te-Xnsâ hnI-kn- X-cq-]-am-Wv. \mep-Zn-¡p-I-fn-te¡pw Aizn-IÄ¡pÅ £W-am-W-hnsS Nn{XWw sN¿p-¶-Xv. hkn-jvT-I-hn¡v Aizn-I-fp-am-bpÅ IpSpw-_-_-Ôhpw ChnsS kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 73-þm-as¯ {lkz-kqàw {]`mXw s]m«n-hn-S-cp-t¼mÄ Aizn-Isf hnfn-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn bÚm-ánbpw bÚ-¯n-sâ- tlm-Xm-hp-amb Aán-bn-te¡v Aizn-I-fpsS {i² £W-n-¡p-¶p. Aán {]Xn-jvTn- ¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw Aizn-IÄ¡p- l-hn-Êp-IÄ \ÂIm³ X¿m-dmbn \n¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Aizn-IÄ¡v tkmaw IpSn-¡m\pw AhÀ¡p k½m-\n-¡-s¸« aäp lhn-Êp-I-fp-®m\pw FÃmw Hcp-§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p (2). aq¶mw ]Zy- ¯n Ihn Cu bÚs¯ Aizn-I-fn-te¡p IpXn-¡p¶ tXcp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zy-¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[¯n cp tXÀ¡p-Xn-c-I-fpsS hchpw {]Xo-£n-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. D¯-cmÀ[-¯n-em-I-s«, Ihn Aizn- IÄ¡pÅ bÚ-¯nsâ Hcp-¡-§-fn-te¡p {i² -£-Wn-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶v Cu hnfn-sbtbm bÚ-s¯tbm Ah-K-Wn-¡-cp-sX¶v Aizn-I-tfmSp bmNn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. A©mw ]Zyw ap³kqà-¯nse A´n-a-]-Zy- ¯nsâ BhÀ¯\w Xs¶. 74-þmw kqàw aq¶p {]Km-Y-I-fmbn hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. aq¶pw `£-W-s¯, {]tXy-In¨v tkma-s¯tbm AiznIÄ kzo-I-cn-¡p¶ aäp \ho-Ir-X-§-sftbm, ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. F¶mÂ, Ihn Aizn-IÄ \ÂIp¶ `£- W-s¯-bpw- hn-h-cn-¡p-¶p-v. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fnÂ- Cu cp `£-W-§-sfbpw _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶p.- A©mw ]Zy-¯n Ihn Xsâ c£n-Xm¡Ä ""biÊn''\p ]qc-I-ambn Aizn-Isf kao-]n¨v Cu cp `£-W-§- sfbpw tPmSn-I-fm-¡p-I-bpw- tZh·mcnÂ\n¶p ]I-c-ambn kmaq-ly-hy-h-Ø-bn AXyp-¶-X-Xzw t\Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AtXmsS Cu c£n-Xm-¡Ä tZh-k-am-\-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ggv Djx-kqà§fpsS Cu hn`mKw (7. 75-þ81) EtKz-Z-¯n Cu tZh-Xbv¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« Gähpw henb A¯cw kam-lm-c-a-t{X. AXn Hcp kqàhpw hfsc \o-X-à (aq¶p apX F«p-hsc ]Zy§fm-W- h-bnÂ). Cu Djx-kqàw (75) temIs¯ DWÀ¯ns¡m-pÅ Ah-fpsS s]s«-¶p-Å -h-c-hv, Ah-fpsS kuµcyhpw HuÖz-ey-hpw, Ah-fpsS Znh-tk-\-bpÅ bm{X, Xsâ- kvtXm-Xm-¡Ä¡pÅ kz¯p-Zm\w F¶n-§s\ ]Xn-hp- t]mse FÃm {]ta-b-§fpw DÄs¡m-Åp¶p.Ggmw ]Zyw he-Kp-lm-t`-Z\w kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se, amaqÂ{]-tbm-K§fpw _nw_-I-ev]-\-Ifpw am{X-apÅ 76-þmw kqà-¯n\v ZrV-amb LS\ AKm-[-Ku-chw \ÂIp-¶p. 77-þmw kqà-w kpµ-cnbpw AXym-k-à-bp-amb I\y-I-bmbn Dj-Êns\ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 78-þmw kqà-w {]Xn, hn`mXo F¶o cp Xmt¡mÂhm¡pI-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. BZy-t¯Xp \men-sem-gn- sI- FÃm ]Zy-§-fn-ep-ap-v. aäv Djx-kq-à-§-fnepw ImWm-dpÅ cm-as¯ hm¡v 3, 5 ]Zy-§-fn ImWmw. hmkvX-h-¯n GXm--h-km-\w-hsc kqà-¯n ]pXp-a-sbm¶pw ImWm-\n-Ã. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Dj-Êns\ _lp-h-N-\-¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-sh-¶-XmWv {it²-b-am-sbmcp khn-ti-j-X. aäp ]Zy-§-fn GI-h-N-\-{]- tbm-Kta DÅq. 79-þmw kqàw tÇj-apÄs¸-sS-bpÅ i_vZm-e¦m-c-§ÄsImp kar-²-am-Wv. ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸mse Xmt¡mÂhm-¡p-I-fmepw {it²b-am-Wn-Xv. ChnsS hn (hn-ti-jn-¨v, hnim-e-am-bn), hkv ({]-`m-Xw), hr (h-cn-¡pI þ aqSp-I) F¶n-h-bmWv Xmt¡mÂhm-¡p-IÄ. ]e Djx-kq-à-§-sf-bpw-t]m-se, CXv he-Kp-lm-t`-Z-\hpw XS-hn- em-¡-s¸« ]ip-¡-fp-sS -tam-N-\hpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-Ä DjÊpw km[-\-hn-X-c-Whpw X½n-epÅ _Ô-¯n Du¶p-¶p. shdpw aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä am{X-apÅ Cu hfsc {lkz-amb kqàw (80) Dj-Ênsâ apJy{]hÀ¯-\-§-fpsS cq]-tcJ hc-¨p-Im-«p-¶p. CXn hn]p-e-amb hnh-c-W-¯n-\pÅ kuI-cy-an-Ã-tÃm. Dj-Ên\p Ihn-I-fp-am-bpÅ _Ôw, {]mXx-k-h-\w, Zriy-tem-Is¯ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯Â, Ccp-«ns\ XpS-¨p-\o-¡Â, AhÄ¡p km[-\-hn-X-c-W- hp-am-bpÅ _Ôw F¶n-h-bm-Wn-hnsS kw£n-]vX-ambn Nqn-¡m-«p-¶-Xv. Dj-Ên-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]c-¼-c-bnse Cu A´n-a-kqàw (81) aäp-jx-kq-à-§-fpsS coXn-bnÂ\n¶p hyXy- kvX-a-t{X: CXn ap³ kqà-§-tf-¡mÄ ]Zy-§-fp-v. Ah {XnjvSp-¸n-eà CXnsâ -c-N-\. hkn-jvT-tKm{X]Ãhn Chn-sS-bn-Ã. C¡m-c-W-§-fmepw aäpw CXv ]n¶oSv Iq«n-t¨À¡-s¸-«-Xm-sW¶v A`n-{]m-b-ap-Å-h-cp-v. 82-þmw kqà-¯n\p cp JWvU-§-fp-v. cm-a-t¯Xv BZy-t¯-Xn \nKq-V-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. BZy-t¯Xv C{µm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡p bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm-\pÅ £W-am-Wv. 1, 7þ10 F¶o ]Zy-§-fn-em-W-Xv. kqà-¯n-sâ- lr- Z-b-amb cmw JWvUw 2þ6 ]Zy-§fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. AXv Ccp-tZ-h-·m-cpw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ cmP-Xz-¯nsâ cp hi-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. C{µ³ IpSn-tb-ä-¯n-sâbpw kwLÀj-¯n-sâbpw Ime-§-fn `cWw \S-¯p¶ cmPm-hn-s\- {]-Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶p. hcp-W-\m-I-s«, IpSn-tb-ä-¯nsâ Imes¯ `c-W-IÀ¯m-hn-s\-bpw. cm-a- t¯Xv kam-[m-\-¯nsâ Ime-a-t{X. cmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn tZh-·m-cn-sem-cmÄ k{am«pw atä-bmÄ kzcmPpamsW¶p ]d-bp-¶p þ bYm{Iaw N{I-hÀ¯nbpw kzX{´-\mb cmPm-hpw. hcp-Ws\ k{am-s«¶pw C{µs\ kzcm-sP-¶p- amWv ]e-t¸mgpw hnti-jn-¸n-¡m-dp-Å-Xv. Cu cp `c-W-IÀ¯m-¡fpw Bh-iym-am-sW-¶p-cmw ]Zyw kqNn-¸n- ¡p-¶p. temIs¯ {Ia-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn cpw tbmPn-¸n-¨pÅ {]h-À¯\w thWsa¶v aq¶mw ]Zyw ]qÀhmÀ[- ¯n hyà-am-¡p-¶p. D¯-cmÀ[-¯n bÚ-{]-hÀ¯-\-§Ä tZh-·m-cpsS {]m]-©n-I-[Àa-§-fp-ambn IeÀ¯- s¸-Sp¶psh¶p ]d-bp-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n cp Imehpw cmP-Xz-¯nsâ cp hi-§-fp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶p- sh¶p Nqn-¡m-«p-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n-sâ- ]qÀhmÀ[w hcp-Ws\ IpSn-tb-ä-hpambpw C{µs\ tXcnepw aäp- apÅ \o¡-hpambpw hopw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. F¦nepw Ccp-hcpw alm-·mÀX-s¶-sb¶ \nK-a-\-¯n-se-¯p- Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zyw cp-t]cpw X½n-epÅ sshcp-[y-hp-am-bmWv XpS-§p-¶-Xv. 7þ10 ]Zy-§-fn Ihn Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw {i² £Wn-¡p-¶p. 9þ tZh-·m-cpsS B\p-Iq-ey-¯n-\p-th-n-bpÅ aÕcs¯ HmÀan-¸n-¡p- ¶p-s-¦nepw hopw AhÀ Xsâ hm¡p tIÄ¡-W-sa¶pw Xsâ bÚw hm¡n-t\-¡mfpw aäp IÀa-§-tf- ¡mfpw Ahsc {]k-¶-cm-¡p-sa¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. 83-þmw kqàw 7. 18-þse Zmi-cm-Ú-bp-²-¯n-te¡p ]n´n-cnªp t\m¡p-¶p. Ct¸mÄ hk-jvT-·m-cp-ambn kJy-apÅ tbm²m-¡Ä ]ip-¡sf At\z-jn-¡m³ t]mIp-¶p (1). bÚ-¯n k¶n-ln-X-cmb C{µ-mhcp-W- ·msc t\m¡n-s¡mv AhÀ X§-fpsS I®psIm--sænepw a\-Êp-sImv B tZh-·m-cp-ambn X§Ä¡pÅ Dä _Ô¯m Ah-cpsS klmbw tXSp-¶p. BZy-]-Zy-¯nse kpZm-Ênâ klm-b-¯n-\p-th-nbpÅ- D¨- ¯nepÅ hnfn tI«v tZh-·mÀ Ah-cpsS ap³]n-se-¯p-¶p. CXp Ihnbn Zmi-cm-Ú-bp²kvac-W-I-fp-WÀ¯p- ¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ihn ap³]s¯ bp²-¯n hopw {]th-in-¡p-Ibpw Xm³ AXnsâ `mK-ambncp-¶- t]m-setbm Ah-cpsS i_vZ-¯ntem ]d-bp-¶p. hkn-jvTsâ t]cn bp²-¯nsâ Ipg-¸-§-fpsS \Sp-hn Ah³ klm-b-hnfn tIÄ¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n tZh-·mÀ kpZm-Ên-s\- k-lm-bn-¨-Xmbn HmÀan-¡p-Ibpw hÀ¯-am- \-Im-e-¯n-te¡v C{µm-h-cp-W-·mÀ Ahs\ tIÄ¡m-\mbn Xncn¨phcn-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n ap³]s¯ hkn-jvT-s\-t¸m-se, Ihnbpw Xsâ P\-§fpw FÃm hi-§-fnepw i{Xp-¡sf t\cn-Sp¶p. ap³]p sNbvX-Xp-t]mse Ihn C{µm-h-cp-W-·msc kao-]n¨v klm-b-a-`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. a-äp-Å-hcpw tZh-·m-sc- hn-fn-¡p-¶p- s¶p Ihn-¡-dn-bmw. 6þ8 ]Zy-§-fn tZh-·mÀ kpZm-Ên-s\bpw hkn-jvT-s\bpamWv, aäp cmPm-¡-·m-scbpw ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-sc-bp-a-Ã, klm-bn-¡m³ Xocp-am-\n-¨sX¶pw Ihn A\p-kva-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\w, aäp-Å-h-cpsS bÚ-§Ä IrXy-X-bn-Ãm-¯hbmbn-cp-¶-Xn-\m an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ hkn-jvTsâ bÚ-¯n¯-s¶ -k-¶n-ln- X-cm-Ip-¶p. H³]Xmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn Cu kqà-¯n C{µm-h-cp-W-·msc BZy-ambn Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶p. cp tZh-·mÀ¡pw hy-XykvX[Àa-§-fp-m-hm-sa-¦nepw Ah-cn-cp-h-cp-sSbpw ssZhn-I-[Àa-§Ä Ihn-bpsS hÀ¯-am- \-Imekm-l-N-cy¯n CW-§n-t¨-cp-¶p. C{µ\p Ihn¡pw BÄ¡mÀ¡pw hnPbw ssIh-cp-¯m\pw hcp-W\v Ahsc \ymbo-I-cn-¡m\pw Ign-bpw. thK-¯n-epw -ap-t¶m-«p-apÅ \o¡¯nsâ {]ta-b-amWv 84-þmw kqà-¯n ap¶n-«p-\n¡p-¶-Xv. {] F¶ D]-kÀKhpw C\z-Xn, PqXx F¶o {Inbm-cq-]-§-fp, AXp-sIm-p-X-s¶, apJy-ambpw IS-¶p-h-cp-¶p. ]e-Xcw \o¡-§fpw kqà-§-fp-sSbpw lhn-Êp-I-fp-sS-bpw -AÀ¸-Whpw ChnsS Ipd-hÃm-¯Xpw AXp-sIm-p-X-s¶. k¼¯pw k´-Xn-I-fpw -A-`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ amÀK-§-fmbn bÚ-§Ä hÀ[n-¨p-h-cp-¶Xpw C¡m-c- W-¯m-e-t{X. C{µm-h-cp-W-·m-cpsS IpXn¸pw A\p-Zn\w s]cp-In-h-cp-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯n cp tZh-·m-cp- sSbpw _m[y-X-Ifpw hcp-Wsâ t{Im[hpw X§-fpsS `cWw ZpÀ_-e-am-bn-s¡m-n-cn-¡p-¶-psh¶p kqNn-¸n- ¡p-¶p. Cu tZh-·mÀ X½n-epÅ kz`m-ssh-Iyhpw ssh[Àay-§fpw Cu kqà-¯nepw ImWmw. Ihn 85-þmw kqà-¯nse BZy-]-Zy-¯n ]tcm-£-ambn Xsâ -kq-à-s¯- b-Úm-án-bp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸- Sp-¯p-¶p. Aán LrX-ap-J-\m-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, Aán s\¿p-t]mse Xnf-§p-¶-h\pw s\bvl-hn-Êp-IÄ kzoI-cn- ¡p-¶-h-\p-am-Ip-¶p. CXv \memw ]Zy-¯n\v ASn-¯-d-sbm-cp-¡p-¶p. AhnsS Ihn Aán-tbmSv Cu bÚ-¯n C{µm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡p lhn-Ê-I-sf-¯n-¡p¶ tlmXm-hm-bn-cn-¡m-\-`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. A©m-a-t¯-Xmb A´y-]-Zyw - ap³kq-à-¯nse A©m-a-t¯-Xp-X-s¶. 86-þmw kqàhpw XpSÀ¶p-h-cp¶ aq¶p kqà-§fpw (7-. 87-þ89) \ymb-ambpw hfsc {]kn-²n -t\-Sn-b-h-bm- Wv. Ah ]Xn-hn-Ãm¯ hn[w ASp¸w ]peÀ¯p-¶-h-bm-Wv. ImcWw hkn-jvT³ Ihn-sb-¶ -\n-e-bn hnin- jvSamb hyàn-Xz-ap-Å-h-\-t{X. sFXn-ly-a-\p-k-cn¨v Ihn-bmb hkn-jvT\pw tZh-\mb hcp-W\pw hyàn-]-c- ambn hfs-sc- A-S-¸w -]p-eÀ¯n-s¡m-pw Ipä-k-½-X-t¯m-sS-bpamWv kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. hknjvT\v Ft´m Kpcp-Xc-amb tcmK-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p tXm¶p-¶p. A]-cm[w sNbvX-Xn\p hcp-W³ in£n-¨-Xp-sIm-m-Wt{X AXv. Cu AXn-{I-aWw s]mdp-¡m³ Xsâ lhn-Êp-Ifpw ]Ým-¯m-]hpw kzoI-cn-¡m³ tZh-t\mSp bmNn-¡p- ¶p. Xm³ Icp-Xn-¡q-«n-bà H¶pw sNbvXsX¶v FSp¯p ]d-bp-¶p (6). A`n-hr-²nbpw Btcm-Kyhpw hos-Sp- ¯p-X-c-W-sa¶mW-t]-£. kqàw apt¶-dp-t´mdpw hkn-jvT\pw hcp-W\pw X½n-epÅ _Ô¯nsâ Npcpf-gn- bp-¶p. Ah-km\w hcp-W³ h-kn-jvTs\ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw hkn-jvT³ tZh\p bÚ-tk-h-\-§-f-\p-jvTn- ¡p-Ibpw k¼¯pw iàn-bpw -a-ln-abpw BÀPn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. hcp-Wsâ t]cv 87-þmw kqà-¯nse Hmtcm ]Zy-¯nepw hcp-¶p-v. \memw ]Zy-¯n hcp-W³Xs¶ kwkm-cn-¡p-¶p. Ihn Úm\n-bm-sW¶pw AXp-sImv Xsâ KqVmÀY-]-Z-§Ä a\-Ên-em-¡p-sa¶pw tZh-¶-dn- bmsa¶p tXm¶p-¶p. A©mw ]Zyw Bdp-I-fn kw-hn-[m\w sN¿-s¸« aq¶p kzÀK-§-sfbpw aq¶p `qan-I- sfbpw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n hcp-W³ BIm-iw-t]m-se-bm-sW¶p hÀWn¡p¶p. `qansb Npäp¶ A§-I-se-bpÅ \Zn-bnÂ\n¶p N{I-hm-f-¯n-te¡p XpÅn-IÄ sXdn-¡p-¶p. ImcWw Cu \Zn-bn-te¡p XpÅn- IÄ hogv¯p¶ BIm-i-amb-Xp-sImv Ah³ shÅw IpSn-¡m³ hcp¶ h\y-ar-K-am-sW¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ah³ ""DÖz-e-amb IW''amWv. AXv AkvX-a-b-kq-cyt\m N{µt\m tkmat\m Bbn-cn-¡mw. hcp-W³ ""AKm- [am-b -sNm-Ã-epambn''_Ô-s¸-«-h\mWv. hcp-W³ {]uV-amb hm¡p-IÄ ]d-bp-sa¶v apJymÀYw. hcp-W³ kvXpXn-i-kv{X-§sf {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-Itbm kzoI-cn-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-¶-h-s\¶pw AÀY-am-hmw. Ggmw-]-Zys¯ - ap³kq-à-hp-am-bn -_-Ôn-¸n-¡mw. AXnse, ""Ft¸m-gmWv Rm³ hcp-W-¶p-Ån F¯pI?'' (2) F¶ tNmZy- ¯n-\p-¯-c-amWv Cu Ggmw ]Zyw: AZn-Xn-bp-sS -\n-b-a-§-f-\p-k-cn¨v Ipä-hn-a-àn- t\Sn-bm hcp-W-\n-se-¯mw. k¦oÀWhpw \ymb-ambpw {]iw-kn-¡-s¸-«-Xp-amb 88-þmw kqàw hfsc {]kn-²-am-Wv. ap³]s¯ cp kqà-§-fp-ambn ASp¯p _Ô-s¸-«Xpw hkn-jvT-\pw hcp-W-\pw X½n-epÅ _Ô-¯n-te¡v C-\n-bpw -sh- fn¨w hoip-¶-Xp-amWv CXv. Cu kqà-]-c-¼-c-bn-se- G-ähpw lrb-lm-cn-bmb Nn{Xo-I-c-W-amWv Chn-sS -Ihn Imgv¨-sh-¡p-¶-Xv. hkn-jvT³ kzbw kwkm-cn-¡p-I-bmWv Cu ]Zy-§-fnÂ. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Xs¶-¯-s¶- kw- t_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p-ap-v. hkn-jvT³ sNbvX Ft´m H¶n-s\-s¨mÃn hkn-jvT\pw hcp-W\pw X½n-ep-mb AI¨-X-s¶-bmWv Cu kqà-¯n-sebpw {]ta-bw. hkn-jvT³ kzbw kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sImv Xm³ tZh- \nÂ\n¶p-am-{X-aà X¶nÂ\n¶p-Xs¶ AI-¶-Xmbn cmw ]Zy-¯n kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. CXnsâ AÀYw kqàw ]ptcm-K-an-¡p-t´mdpw hyà-ambn hcp-¶p. Cu ]Zy-¯n¯s¶ hkn-jvT³ cm{Xn-bn bÚm-ánsb kao-]n- ¡p-¶Xpw Aán-ap-J¯v hcp-WapJw ImWp-¶-Xmbpw hÀWn-¡p-¶p. CXp hkn-jvT\pw hcp-W\pw Hcp-an¨v Pe-bm{X sN¿p¶ ZÀi-\-¯n sNs¶-¯p-¶p (3). hcp-Wsâ ""Duªm-''emWp (kq-cy³) e£yw. CXv X\n- ¡pw-hcp-W-\p-am-bpÅ _Ô-¯nepw Np-änep-apÅ Ccp«p \o¡p-sa¶p hkn-jvT³ {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. Cu ZÀi\w Ah-cn-cp-h-scbpw ap³]s¯ \ne-bn-te¡p sImp-h¶v At\ym\yw ASp-¸n-¡p-Ibpw hcp-W³ hkn-jvTs\ Ejn-bpw kvXpXnKm-b-I-\pam-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p (4). Cu ]Zy-¯nse tPymXnÀZÀi\w AXyp¡-S-am-bn-«p-v. CXmWv Znh-k-§-fn ""AXyp-Öz-e-amb Znh-kw.'' A©mw ]Zy-¯n Cu ZÀi-\-¯nÂ\n¶pw A\p-kva-c-Wo- b-\n-an-j-§-fnÂ\n¶pw hÀ¯-am-\-Im-e-¯n-te¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. CtXmsS hkn-jvT³ hcp-Wsâ ho«n-e-Ãm-Xm- bn. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n hkn-jvT³ Xsâ- Ipäw tZh³ X\n-s¡-Xnsc Xncn-bm-\pÅ Bbp-[am-¡n-söpw C\nbpw X\n¡p kwc-£Ww \ÂIp-sa¶pw {]Xo£ ]peÀ¯p-¶p. Cu Ipä-Nn´ hkvjvTs\ X¶nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ AI- äp-¶p. Ah-km\w Ggmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn am¸m-¡-ens\ ip`m-]vXn-hn-izm-k-t¯msS ImWp-¶p: Ah³ X§sf A]-cm[]mi¯nÂ\n¶p tamNn-¸n¡pw! 89-þmw kqàw hcp-W-kq-à-k-am-lm-c-¯nsâ Hc-\p-_-Ô-am-sW¶p Icp-Xp¶ ]WvUn-X-·m-cp-v. CXv asäm- cp- hr-¯-¯n-em-Wv. kqà-¯n hkvjvTsâ t]cv ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-an-Ã. am{X-a-Ã, aäp aq¶p kqà-§fpw hkn-jvTsâ Ak-´p-jvSm-h-Ø-sb-¸än ]cm-aÀin-¡p-t¼mÄ, CXv hàm-hnsâ Akp-Js¯ kw_-Ôn-¨p-Å-Xm- Wv. acn-¨-hsc Ipgn-¨p-aq-Sp¶ ""ar×-b-Kr-l''(Ifn-a¬ho-Sv)-¯n ]mÀ¸n-¡-¯¡ hn[w A{X Kpcp-X-c-amWv tcmKw F¶pw kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. hkq-cntbm atäm Bhmw. hcp-W-\p-ambn _Ô-s¸« a´p-tcm-K-am-sW¶ A`n-{]m-b-¡m-cmWv Gdn-b-Iq-dpw. hcp-W-sâ -\n-b-a-§Ä ]men-¡m-¯-XmWv Imc-W-sa¶mWv A©mw ]Zy-¯nse kqN-\. BI-¸msS Btem-Nn-¡p-t¼mÄ hkn-jvT³X-s¶-bmWv tcmK-_m-[n-X-s\¶p tXm¶p-¶p. 90-þmw kqà-¯n hmbp-hn\pw ]n¶oSv C{µ-hm-bp-¡Ä¡pambn- c-p-X-c-¯n-epÅ kaÀ¸Ww Cu bÚ- ]-c-amb hkvXpX {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶p. {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n BZyw tkma-l-hn-Êp-IÄ hmbp-hn\p--am-{X-amWv \ÂIp- ¶-Xv. ]n¶oSv C{µ-hm-bp-¡Ä¡p kwbp-à-am-bn. BZy-s¯- ]-Zy-¯n Cu btÚm-t±iyw hyà-ambn Adnbn- ¡p-¶p. hmbp-kq-à-§-fn ]e-t¸mgpw ]Xn-hp-Å-t]m-se, £W-s¯-¯p-SÀ¶v hmbp bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcp- ¶p. hmbp-hnsâ- kw-L-§-tf-sX¶ Imcy-¯n Ihn Ahy-àX ]peÀ¯p-¶p (3). Imänsâ IpXn-c-Ifpw R§- Ä \ntbm-Kn-¡p¶ Imhy-Nn-´-bpw. A©mw ]Zy-¯n ]ptcm-ln-X-·mcpw Ihn-Ifpw Ccp-tZ-h-·m-cp-sSbpw tXcp hen-¡p¶ IpXn-c-I-fm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. {]mXx-k-h-\-am-b-Xp-sImv kqà-¯n {]`m-X-hÀW\w (3-þ4) AXyp-¶-X- amb Øm\w t\Sp-¶p. he-]p-cm-h-¯-kq-N-\bpw ImWmw. Zm\-§-fp-sSbpw km[-\-§-fp-sSbpw hnX-c-W-¯n\p {]m[m\yw sImSp-¯n-«p-v. 2þ3 ]Zy-§-fn bP-am-\\p tZh-·m-cnÂ\n¶p e`n-¡p¶ t\«-§-fp-sS hmKvZm-\hpw 6þ7 ]Zy-§-fn c£n-Xm-¡fmb a\p-jycpsS Cu hmKvZm\]qÀ¯o-I-c-Whpw ImWmw. c£n-Xm-¡-fn tZh-·m- cpsS kmßo-I-c-W-ap-m-bn-«p-s¶p tXm¶pw. 91-þmw kqà-¯nse \memw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[hpw Ggmw ]Zyhpw ap³kq-à-¯n-te-Xp-X-s¶- B- hÀ¯n-¨n-cn-¡-bm-Wv. kqàw C{µ-hm-bp-¡sf hnX-cWw sN¿m³ km[-\-§fpambn bÚ-¯n-te¡p tkmaw IpSn-¡p¶-Xn\p £Wn-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯n-sâ- B-Zy-]mXn IqSp-X ]e-hI kwK-Xn-IÄ Gsd-¡psd Ahyà- amb ssi-en-bn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]t£, cmw ]Zyw tZh-·m-sc -£-Wn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. AXn\pw ap³]pw ]n³]p-apÅ ]Zy-§-fp-ambn Hcp _Ô-hp-an-söp am{Xw. hmbp-hnsâ ""kwL§''fmWv 92-þmw kqà-¯n-sâ -ap-Jy-hn-j-bw. Ah Bbn-c-am-sW¶v H¶m-a-s¯-bpw- A-h-km-\-s¯bpw ]Zy-§-fn ]-d-bp-¶p. aq¶m-a-s¯- ]-Zy-¯n hmbp-hns\ ChnsS sImp-h-cp¶ Imäp-Ip- Xn-c-IÄ am{X-aà kwL-§-sf¶pw bÚ-¯n\p ]Icw Ah³ Xncn-¨p- ssIh-cp¯p¶ ]e cq]-§-fn-epÅ k¼-¯p-IqSnbm-Wv. cpw \mepw- ]-Zy-§fn bÚ-¯n-\pÅ £Whpw ]ptcm-ln-X·mÀ, Ihn-IÄ, c£n-Xm- ¡Ä F¶n-hÀ¡p hnP-bm-iw-kbpamWp-Å-Xv. 93-þmw kqà-¯nse BZys¯ Bdp ]Zy-§Ä C{µm-án-I-fn-cp-h-cp-sSbpw Hcp-an-¨pÅ Imcy-§-fmWv ]d-bp- ¶-sX-¦nepw C{µ-t\m-SpÅ Nmbvhv {]I-S-am-Wv. Ccp-hcpw ""hr{X-l-´m¡''fpw (1, 4) h{P-[-c-·m-cp-amWv (4). AhÀ i-{Xp-\m-i-Icpw (5) bÚ-¯n\p t]mIp-¶-h-cp-am-Wv (6). Aán bÚ-`q-an-bn Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp- sImv Ah\v Ahn-sS t]m-tI--Xn-Ã. am{X-a-Ã, k½m-\-P-bhpw hnX-c-W-hp-amWv kqà-¯nsâ hnj-b-sa-¶- Xp-sImv -Aán-tb-¡mÄ C{µ-\mWv ChnsS {]m[m-\yw. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (7-þ8) bÚ-¯n C{µ-\pÄs¸-sS-bpÅ tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw a\p-jycp-sS-bp-an-S-bn a[y-Øsâ ]¦-p-h-ln-¡p¶ Aánsb am{Xta kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p-Åq. Chn-sS-t¸mepw Aán-tb-¡mÄ aäp tZh-·mÀ¡mWv {]m[m-\yw. 94-þmw kqàw \mep XrN-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Hmtcm XrNhpw auen-I-ambn Hmtcm kqà-am-hmw. kwhn-[m- \-XXzw ewLn-¨n-«n-Ã.-cp apJy-{]-ta-b-§-fm-Wn-Xn-ep-Å-Xv: Imhy-Nn-´-bpsS sshhn-[y-§fpw AXnsâ Dev]-¶- hpw, Ihn-IÄ tZh-Xm-Zz-µz-§sf A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sN¿p-t¼mgs¯ hmNn-I-amb kvXpXnbpw Cu tZh-X-IÄ Cu I-hn-ItfmSv Ah-cpsS FXn-cm-fn-ItfmSp-Å-Xn-t\-¡mÄ ImWn-¡p¶ B\p-Iqeyhpw (3, 7, 8, 12). Imhy{]tNm- Z-\-¯n Du¶-ep-s-¦nepw Chn-sS- A-Xn\v A{X {]m[m-\yw sIm-Sp-¯p-Im-Wp-¶n-Ã. kmln-Xy-kw-Ko-Xm-Zn-I-em-[n-tZ-h-X-bmbn kwkvIr-X-km-ln-Xy-¯n {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp¶ kc-kz-Xn-bà 95-þmw kqà-¯n kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ kc-kz-Xn. AXv {]Ya-hpw -{]-[m-\-hp-ambn \Zn-bm-Wv, bYmÀY-amb \Zn. ""]Àh- X-§-fnÂ\n¶p kap-{Z-¯n-te-s¡m-gp-Ip¶ \Zn''(2). Cu `uXn-I-{]-Ir-Xn-bp-ambn H¯p-t]m-Ip-¶-h-bmWv kc-kz- Xn-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-I-sf-Ãmw. Ft¸m-gp-apÅ {]hm-l-¯nsâ iànbpw kuµ-cy-hpw, H¸w AXp ssIh-cp- ¯p¶ `£-Whpw k¼-¯p-I-fpw. kc-kz-Xnsb ]e-t¸mgpw Cu kqà-¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶Xv kl-\-Zn-I- tfmSpw kc-kzm-t\m-Spsam¸w Ahbv¡p Xpey-bm-bn«m-Wv (3). ]e hr¯-§-fpÅ 96-þmw kqà-¯n {]Km-Ybpw XrN-hp-ap-v. \memw ]Zy-¯nse ""Ahn-hm-lnX''sc¶ {]tbmKw ]pcp-j-tZ-h-X-bm-h-s« -kvXp-Xn-¡s¸-Sp-¶Xv F¶ Ihn-bpsS hnNmcw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]t£, ""kvX\''sa¶ {]tbmKw (6) hnjaw krjvSn-¡p-¶p. ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv, k¼¯p \ÂIp-¶Xv Fs¶m-s¡-bmhmw hnh-£n-X-sa¶p tXm¶p-¶p. C{µ³ ]ptcm-ln-Xsâ ]¦p hln-¡p-t¼mÄ _rl-kvXn-bmbn Adn-b-s¸-Sp-sa¶p ap³]v ]e-t¸m-gpw- hy-à- amb hkvXpX 97þmw kqàw ]ptcm-K-an-¡p-t´mdpw IqSp-X kv]jvS-am-Ip-¶p. C{µ\pw _rl-kv]-Xnbpw H¶m-a-s¯bpw cm-a-s¯-bpw -]-Zy-§-fn ap¶n-«p--\n¡p-¶p. 4þ8 ]Zy-§-fn _rl-kv]-Xn. 3þ {_Ò-W- kv]Xn F¶ t]cn C{µ³. A§s\ 1þ8 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ\p am{XamWp kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-sX¶p hnNm-cn-¡mw. 9þ10 ]Zy-§-fn C{µ\pw _rl-kv]Xn/{_Ò-W-kv]-Xnbpw Zznh-N-\-¯n¯s¶ hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. bÚ-k-µÀ`- am-I-bm Aán-km--¶n[yw FÃm ]Zy-§-fn-ep-ap-v. 98-þm-a-t¯Xv icn¡pw C{µ-kq-à-am-Wv. Ah-km-\-]Zyw C{µ\pw _rl-kv]-Xn-¡p-sa-¶p-ÅXv ap³kq-à- ¯n-teXv (97. 10) AXp-t]m-se- tNÀ¯-Xp am-{Xw. C{µ\p tkma-\p-am-bpÅ AXyp¡-S-amb _Ô-amWv {]ta- bw. \ntXy-\-bpÅ bÚ-l-hn-Ê-mbn (1-þ2) am{X-a-Ã, P·-kn-²-w IqSnbm-WXv (3). BZy-hn-P-b-§Ä¡p-tijw ]Xn-hpÅ {]tXy-I-hkvXphmWv C{µ\p tkmaw (5). C{µ-sâ- i-ànbpw hoc-IÀa-§fpw hmgv¯-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. C{µ-sâ-A½ Ahsâ alXzw {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶pv (3). Ihn tkmaw C{µsâ bp²-¡-cp-¯ns\bpw (4) hnP-b-§-fnse sImÅ-ap-X kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-s\bpw {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶p (6). 99-þmw kqàw. ap³]p ]d-ª-Xp-t]m-se, hnjvWp kwkvIr-X-km-ln-Xy-¯n D¶-X-Øm-\-a-e-¦-cn-¡p-¶p- s-¦nepw EtKz-Z-¯n Ah-\v- A-{]-[m-\-amb Øm\ta DÅq. s]mXp-hn C{µ-\p-ambn _Ô-s¸-«p-\n¡p¶p. Dt]{µ³ F¶ t]cp-Xs¶ CXp kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. hnjvWp-hnsâ {Xnhn-{I-aXzw EtKz-Z-¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp- ¶p-v. Cu kqà-¯nse BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä apgp-h³ hnjvWpsh kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Cu aq¶p Nph-Sp-sh-¸p-I-sf-¸än hyàambn ]d-bp-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw Ah³ {]]-©-{]-tZ-i-§Ä Øm]n-¡p-¶Xpw Dd-¸n-¡p- ¶Xpw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (4-þ6) C{µm-hn-jvWp-¡Ä¡p kaÀ¸n¡s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. cp-t]- cp-sS-bpw- ho-c-IÀa-§-fm-bmWnh Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶-sX-¦n-epw-Ah C{µ-tâ-Xp-am-{X-am-sW¶p {]kn-²-am-Wv. Ah- km-\-]Zyw hnjvWp-hn-\p-am{Xw þ in]n-hn-jvS-\v þ kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. \qdmw kqàw Hcp a\p-jy³ tZh\p bÚw \ÂIp-¶-tXm-sS- Xp-S-§p¶p (1). Xncn-¨v, Zm\-§Ä¡v At]- £n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (2). ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§-fp-sS- hn-j-bw hnjvWp-hn-sâ- aq¶p ImÂsh-¸p-I-fm-Wv. 5þ6- ]-Zy-§-fpsS hnj-b-hpw- C-Xp-X-s¶. (Ggmw ]Zyw ap³kq-à-¯n-te-Xnsâ BhÀ¯-\-a-t{X.) Chn-sS -in-]nhn- jvS-s\¶ hnti-jWw tNmZyw sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]t£, hyà-amb Hcp ]cn-lmcw Dcp-¯n-cn-ªp-h-cp-¶n-Ã. an¶-ensâ tZh-\mb ]ÀP-\y\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« 101-þmw kqàw ^e-]p-jvSn-Zm-b-I-amb agsb hmgv¯p-¶p. CXv Htc-k-abw {]mIr-Xn-I-ambpw bÚ-]-c-am-bp-apÅ ]cm-aÀi-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. aq¶v CXn BhÀ¯n- ¨p-h-cp¶ Hcp kwJy-bm-Wv: aq¶p hm¡p-IÄ (1), aq¶p \ne-I-fpÅ c£m-tI{µw, aq¶p Xncn-hp-I-fpÅ {]Imiw (2), aq¶p kzÀK-§Ä, {]hm-l-P-e-¯nsâ aq¶p L«-§Ä, aq¶p sXm«n-IÄ (4). enwK-]-c-amb hyXymk-§fpw aäpw ImWmw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nse Imf Xsâ {`qW-ambn I¶p-Ip-«nsb krjvSn-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n-se -A- Úm-X-\mb IÀ¯mhv Nne-t¸mÄ a¨n-¸-iphmWv; ]t£, Nne-t¸mÄ {]k-hn-¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv B ]Zy-¯n Aѳ A½bv¡p ape sImSp-¡p-¶p. 102-þ-a-t¯Xv ]ÀP-\y\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« efn-Xhpw EPp-h-pamb Hcp {lkzkq-àw. Cu ag-a{´kqàw (103) hÀj-Im-em-cw-`-¯n H¨-¸m-Sp-m-¡n-s¡mp hcp¶ Xh-f-I-sfbpw tkma-b- Ú-¯nse {]hÀKy-IÀa-¯n A\p-jvTm-\-§Ä \S-¯p¶ ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-scbpw kaÀY-ambn kam-´ckz`m- h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn hÀW-\-¯n-eqsS Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu kqàw ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-sc -X-h-f-I-tfmSp Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp- ¯p-¶-Xn-eqsS Ahsc ]cn-l-kn-¡m³ cNn-¨-Xm-sW-s¶mcp ]£-ap-v. AsX-´m-bmepw Xh-f-I-fpsS s]cp-am-ä- s¯-¸än AXn-kq-£-a-amb \nco-£-W-§-fmWv CXp \ÂIp-¶-sX¶v FSp-¯p-]-d-tb--Xp-v. 2þ6 ]Zy-§Ä Xh- f-I-fpsS CW-tNcen-sâbpw 7þ9 ]Zy-§Ä {]hÀKy-sa¶ bÚ-IÀa-¯n-sâbpw hnh-c-W-§Ä \ÂIp-¶-tXm- sSm¸w ]¯mw ]Zyw Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n kh-\-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. cp ]ÀP-\y-kq-à-§Ä¡p-ti-j- amWv ag-¡m-e-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« Cu aWvUq-I-kq-à-sa-¶Xv hfsc DNn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Ggmw aWvU-e-¯nse Cu Ah-km-\-kqàw (104) kpZoÀLamWv. ]e-Xcw B`n-Nm-cn-I-sfbpw c£-Êp-I- sfbpw \in-¸n-¡p¶ a{´-Ñm-b-bpÅ Cu kqàw {]£n-]vX-am-sW¶ Hcp ]£-ap-v. Ggmw aWvU--ew, ap¸¯naq¶mw kqàw hknjvT ssa{Xm-h-cpWn (1-þ9), hkn-jvTsâ a¡Ä (10-þ14) Ejn; 14 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v; hknjvsâ a¡Ä (þ9), hkn-jvT³ (10-þ14) tZhX hkn-jvT-þ-C-{µ-hr-¯-¯nsâ Gä-hp-sam-Sp-hn hcp¶ Cu {]i-kvX-kqàw hkn-jvTsâ \nKq-V-amb P·hpw hkn-jvT-sâbpw ]n·p-d-¡m-cp-sSbpw t\«-§fpw, {]tXy-In¨v cmPm-hmb kpZm-Êns\ C{µ-sâ -h-i-t¯¡v BIÀjn-¡p-¶-Xpw Zmi-cm-Ú-bp-²-¯n C{µsâ ]n´pW Dd-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw, hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p- k-cn-¨pÅ taÂt¨À¯ kqà-IÀ¯r-hn-`-P\w icn-b-sÃ-¶mWv Pman-k¬-þ-sâ A`n-{]m-bw. Ah-cpsS ]£- ¯n C§-s\-bmWv thXv: kqàw 1þ6, 7þ9, 10-þ14 F¶n-§s\ aq¶p `mK-§-fmbn hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. BZys¯ Bdp ]Zy-§Ä hkn-jvT³ C{µs\ hnP-b-I-c-ambn Xsâ tkma-b-Ú-¯n-te¡p £Wn-¡p-¶Xpw XXv^-e- -ambn C{µ³ Zmi-cm-Ú-bp-²-¯n kpZm-Ên-s\bpw XrÕp-¡-sfbpw klm-bn-¡p-¶Xpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p- ¶p. 1þ4 ]Zy-§-fpsS hàm-hp-Xs¶ C{µ-\m-Wv. ASp¯ `mKw aq¶v F¶ kwJysb ASn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bpÅ aq¶p {]tl-fn-I-I-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xm-Wv. Cu {]tl-fn-I-I-fpsS ]cn-lmcs¯¸än A`n-{]m-b-t`-Z-§-fp-m-hmw. hkn-jvTsâ A½ A]vk-c-Êmb DÀh-inbpw Aѳ an{Xm-h-cp-W-\p-am-Wv. Cu hnh-c-W-§-fnsems¡ Ahy- àX ImWmw. 1. iznXyt©m am Z£n-W-X-kvI-]ÀZm [nbw-Pn-\zmtkm A`n ln {]aµpx D¯n-jvT³ thmtN ]cn _Àlntjm \rr³ \ ta ZqcmZhn-Xth hknjvTmx iznXy©x Z£n-W-X-kvI-]ÀZmx [nbw-Pn-\zmkx (C-{µ³:) tim`-\-ap-Jcpw he-Xp-`m-K¯p PSm-Pq-S-a -Wn-ª-hcpw Xzcn-X-Nn-´-bp-Å-hcp-amWhÀ. ln am A`n {]aµpx Imc-Ww, AhÀ Fs¶ a¯p-]nSn¸n-¨p. _Àlnjx ]cn D¯n-jvT³ \rr³ thmtN bÚ-hn-ip²-ZÀ`-¸pÂhn-cn-¸n \n¶p-sImp Rm³ D¶-X-]p-cp-j-·m-sc-¸än ]d-bp¶p: ta ZqcmZv hknjvTmx Ahn-Xth \ ""F\n¡p Zqsc-\n¶p-sImv hkn-jvT-·msc klm-bn-¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã.'' 2. Zqcm-Zn-{µ-a-\-b¶m kptX\ Xntcm sshi-´-aXn ]m´-ap{Kw ]mi-Zyp-av\ky hmb-Xky tkmamXv kpXm-Znt{µmhrWoXm hkn-jvTm³ sshi´w D{Kw ]m´w Xncx (tkma-)¯nsâ aqey-apÅ XSm-I-¯n\p IpdpsI ià-amb ]m\o-b -¯n-¶-¸pdw ZqcmZv kptX\ C{µw B A\-b³ Zqsc-\n¶v AhÀ ]ngn-sª-Sp¯ (tkm-a)-hp-ambn C{µs\ Chn -tS¡p \bn-¨p. ]mi-Zyp-av\ky hmb-Xky kpXmXv tkmamZv AXn ]mi-Zyp-av\ hmbXsâ ]ngn-sª-Sp¯ tkma -t¯-¡mÄ C{µx hkn-jvTm³ Ahr-WoX C{µ³ hkn-jvT-·m-cp-tSXns\ hcn¨p. 3. Gth¶p Iw knÔp-ta-`n-kvX-Xm-tcþ th¶p Iw t`Z-ta-`nÀP-Lm\ Gth¶p Iw Zmi-cmtÚ kpZmkw {]mh-Znt{µm {_Ò-Wmthm hknjvTmx Gh CZv G`nx Iw knÔpw \p XXmc XoÀ¨-bm-bpw- Ah-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv Ah³ knÔp IS-¶Xv; Gh CZv G`nx \p Iw t`Zw PLm\ XoÀ¨-bmbpw Ahtcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv Ah³ t`Zs\ sIm¶-Xv; Gh CZv hknjvTmx hx {_ÒWm XoÀ¨-bmbpw, hknjvT-·mtc! \n§fpsS ]hn-{X-a-{´-¯memWv C{µx Zmi-cmtÚ kpZmkw \p Iw {] BhXv C{µ³ Zmi-cm-Ú-bp-²-¯n kpZm-Êns\ klm -bn-¨-Xv. 4. PpjvSo \tcm {_lvaWm hx ]nXrrWmþ a£-a-hy-b-¶ -In-em -cn-jmY bÑ-Iz-cojp _rlXm cth-tWþ t{µ ip-jva-aZ-[mXm hknjvTmx \cx hx PpjvSo ]nXrr-Wmw {_-ÒWm -(C-{µ³:) D¶-X-]pcp-j-·m-cmb \n§fpsS kt´m-j-t¯m-Sp -IqSnb ]nXm¡fpsS ]hn-{X-a-{´-¯memWv A£w Ahybw \ Ine cnjmY A¨p-Xp sI«n-b-Xv; AXp-sImv \n§Ä¡p XoÀ¨-bmbpw D] -{Z-h-ap-mhn-Ã. bZv iIz-cojp _rlXm cthW iIz-co-(ssk-\n-I)hr¯-¯nse Kw`o-c-amb i_vZw-sImv, hknjvTmx Ct{µ ipjvaw AZ-[mX hkn-jvT-·mtc! \n§Ä C{µ-\n FSp-¯p-Nm-«-kz-`m-h-apÅ iàn Øm]n-¨-p. 5. DZv Zyman-thXv XrjvW-tPm -\m-Yn-Xmtkmþ Zo[-bpÀZm-i-cmtÚ hrXmkx hkn-jvTky kvXphX Ct{µm At{imþ Zpcpw XrÕpt`ym AIr-tWmZp temIw Zymw XrjvWPx Ch Zmi-cmtÚ (ag-bv¡p-thn) hn®nte¡p t\m¡p¶ Zml-ap-Å-h-sc-t¸m -se, ZmicmÚbp-²-¯n hrXmkx \mYn-Xmkx CZv DZv AZo-[bpx hebw sN¿-s¸-«-t¸mÄ hnj-an¨ -AhÀ (C-{µ-sâ) t\sc¯s¶ t\m¡n. kvXphXx hkn-jvTky C{µx At{imXv kvXpXn-¨p-sIm-n-cp¶ hkn-jvTs\ C{µ³ {i²n-¨p. XrÕp`yx Dcpw D temIw AIr-tWmXv Ah³ XrÕp¡Ä¡p AXnhnim-e-amb Øe-ap-m-¡n. 6. ZWvUm CthZv tKmA-P-\mk Bk³ ]cn-Ñn¶m `cXm AÀ`-Imkx A`-h¨ ]pc-GXm hknjvTm BZnXv XrÕq\mw hntim A{]-Y´ tKmA-P-\mkx CZv ZWvUmx Ch ]ip-¡sf sXfn-¡p-¶-hcpsS hSn-I-sf-t¸mse AÀ`-Imkx `cXmx ]cn-Ñn¶mx Bk³ ZpÀ_-e-cmb `c-X-·mÀ inYn-eo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«hcm-bn. hknjvTx ]pcx GXm A`-hXv hkn-jvT³ t\Xm-hmbn h¶ BZv CXv XrÕq\mw hnix A{]-Y´ N AXp-ap-X XrÕp-¡-fpsS tKm{X-§Ä ]c¡pIbpw sNbvXp 7. {Xbx IrWz´n `ph-t\jp tcXþ kvXn{kx {]Pm Bcym tPymXn-c{Kmx {Xtbm LÀamk Djkw kNt´ kÀhm-\n-¯m-\-\p- hn-ZpÀh-knjvTmx. `ph-t\jp {Xbx tcXx IrWz´n temI-¯n aq¶p ip¢w Dev]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Xn{kx {]Pmx tPymXn-c{Kmx Bcymx aq¶p {]P-IÄ ap¼n tPymXn-ÊpÅ Bcy-·m-cm-Wv. {Xbx LÀamkx Djkw kNt´ aq¶p NqSp-IÄ DjÊn-s\- A-I-¼Sn tkhn-¡p-¶p. hknjvTmx Xm³ kÀhm³ CZv A\p hnZpx hkn-jvT-·mÀ Cu F-Ãm-än-s\bpw XnI¨pw Adn-bp-¶p. 8. kqcy-tkyh h£tYm tPymXn-tcjmw kap-{Z-tkyh alnam K`ocx hmX-tkyh {]Pthm \mt\y\ kvtXmtam hkn-jvTm- A-t\z-Xth hx Gjmw tPymXnx kqcyky Ch h£Yx Ah-cpsS tPymXnÊv kqcy-tâ-Xp-t]mse hf-cp-¶-X-t{X. alnam kap-{Zky Ch K`ocx Ah-cpsS alna IS-en-tâXp-t]mse AKm-[w. hknjvTmx hx kvtXmax hmXky hkn-jvT-·mtc! \n§-fpsS kvXpXn-kqàw Imänsâ {]Phx Ch At\y\ A\p GXth \ thKw- t]mse, aäm-cmepw ]n´p-S-c-s¸-Sm-hp-¶-X-Ã. 9. X C¶nWyw lrZ-bky {]tI-ssXx kl-{k-hevia`n k©-c´n bta\ XXw ]cn[nw hbt´mþ ]vkck D] tkZpÀh-knjvTmx lrZ-bky {]tIssXx tX X§fpsS lrZ-b-¯nsâ DÄ¡m-gv¨-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn AhÀ kl-{k-heviw \nWyw A`n kw Nc´n CXv Bbncw imJ-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb clkyw kwtbmPn-¸n -¡p-Iam{Xw sN¿p¶p. hknjvTmx bta\ XXw ]cn[nw hkn-jvT-·mÀ ba³ ]-c-¯nb Bh-c-W-hkv{Xw hb´x A]vk-ckx D] tkZpx s\bv-Xp-sImv A]vk-c-Êp-Isf kmZcw kao-]n-¨p 10. hnZyptXm tPymXnx- ]cn kwPnlm\w an{Xm-h-cpWm bZ-]-iyXmw Xzm XXv tX Pt·mssXIw hkn-jvTmþ KkvtXym bXv Xzm hni BP`mc an{Xm-h-cpWm bZv hnZypXx ]cn kwPn-lm\w an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ an¶-enÂ\n-¶p-mb kwln-X-amb tPymXnx A]-iyXmw hknjvT XXv tX GIw P· tPymXn-Êmb \n§sf I-t¸mÄ, hknjvTm! \nsâ- Hcp P·w AXpw DX bZv AKkvXyx hnix Xzm BP--`mc asäm-¶v AK-kvXy³ tKm{X-¯n-\p-thn \ns¶ ChnsS sImp-h-¶-t¸mgpw. 11. DXmkn ssa{Xm-h-cpWm hknjvtTmÀþ hiym {_Ò³ a\-tkm-[n- PmXx {Z]vkw kvI¶w {_ÒWm ssZthy\ hntiz tZhmx ]pjvItc XzmZ-Z´ DX hknjvT {_Ò³ DÀhiymx am{X-a-Ã, hknjvTm! a{´-Im-c-\mb \o DÀh-in-bnÂ, a\kx A[n PmXx ssa{Xm-h-cpWx Akn Ah-fpsS a\-ÊnÂ\n-¶p, P\n¨h\pw an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m -cpsS aI\pa-t{X. {Z]vkx kvI¶w Hcp XpÅn (ip-¢w) ]pd-t¯¡p sXdn¨p. ssZthy\ {_ÒWm Xzm kzÀKo-b-amb a{´w-sImv \ns¶ hntiz tZhmx ]pjvItc AZ-Z´ FÃm tZh-·mcpw Xmac-bn-se-Sp-¯p. 12. k {]tIX D`-bky {]hn-Zzm³ kl-{kZm\ DX hm kZm\x bta\ XXw ]cn[nw hbn-jyþ ¶-]vk-ckx ]cn PtÚ hknjvTx kx hknjvTx D`-bky {]tIXx {]hn-Zzm³ B hknjvT³ cpw Xsâ DÄ¡m-gv¨-bn ap³Iq«n Adnªpw kl-{k-Zm\x DX hm kZm\x B-bncw Zm\-§fpw (IqSp-X-em-bn) Hcp Zm\hpw kzoI-cn-¨pw- bta\ XXw ]cn[nw hbn-jy³ ba³ ]c-¯nb Bh-cWw s\¿m-\p-t±-in¨pwsImv A]vk-ckx ]cn PtÚ A]vk-c-ÊnÂ\n¶p P\n-¨p. 13. kt{X l PmXm-hn-jnXm \tam`nx Ipwt` tcXx knjn-NXpx kam\w XtXm l am\ DZn-bmb a[ymXv XtXm PmX-ar-jn-am-lpÀh-knjvTw \tam`nx PmXu kt{X l CjnXm B-Z-c-hp-I-tfmsS DbÀ¯nb (b-Ú)-k-`-bn hcp-¯-s¸« Ccp-hcpw (an-{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ)- kam\w tcXx Ipwt` knjn-NXpx l X§-fpsS s]mXp-hm-b -ip¢w Hcp ]m{X-¯n ]IÀ¶p. XXx a[ymZv am\x DZv Cbmb AXn \Sp-hnÂ\n-¶p am\³ -DbÀ¶p-h-¶p. XXx- h-knjvTw Ejnw PmXw Blpx A\-´cw AXnÂ\n¶v hkn-jvT Ejn P\n-¨Xmbn AhÀ ]d -bp-¶p. 14. DIvY-`rXw kma-`rXw _n`À¯n {KmhmWw _n{`Xv {] h-Zm-Xyt{K Dss]-\-am[zw kpa-\-ky-am\m B thm KÑmXn {]XrtZm hknjvTx DIvY-`rXw kma-`rXw _n`À¯n Ah³ GIm-{K-Zr-Vamb hm¡p [cn-¡p-¶-hs\ (tlm-Xm-hn s\)bpw kmaw[cn¡p-¶-h-s\(-D-ZvKm-Xm-hn-s\)bpw ]n´p-W-bv¡p-¶p. At{K {KmhmWw _n{`Xv {] hZmXn Ah³ XpS-¡-¯n ]nSn-¡-Ãns\ ]n³Xp-W-¨p-sImv ]dbp¶p. G\w kpa-\-ky-am\mx D] B[zw \o Ah-s\- km-Zcw kao-]n-¨mepw! hknjvTx {]XrZx hx B KÑmXn hkn-jvT³ A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ \n§-fpsS ASp-t¯¡p hcpw. Ggmw aWvU-ew, \qänaq¶mw kqàw hknjvT ssa{Xm-h-cpWn AYhm Ipamc Btá-b³; 10 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v (A-\p-jvSp¸v 1 Hgn-sI); Xh-f-IÄ tZhX Cu ag-a{´w hÀj-Im-em-cw-`-¯n H¨-¸m-Sp-m-¡n-s¡mp hcp¶ Xh-f-I-sfbpw tkma-b-Ú-¯nse {]hÀKy-IÀa-¯n A\p-jvTm-\-§Ä \S-¯p¶ ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-scbpw kaÀY-ambn kam-´ckz`m-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn hÀW-\-¯n-eqsS Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu kqàw ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-sc -X-h-f-I-tfmSp Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-eqsS Ahsc ]cn-l-kn-¡m³ cNn-¨-Xm-sW-s¶mcp ]£-ap-v. AsX-´m-bmepw Xh-f-I-fpsS s]cp-am-ä-s¯-¸än AXn- kq-£-a-amb \nco-£-W-§-fmWv CXp \ÂIp-¶-sX¶v FSp-¯p-]-d-tb--Xp-v. 2þ6 ]Zy-§Ä Xh-f-I-fpsS CW- tNcen-sâbpw 7þ9 ]Zy-§Ä {]hÀKy-sa¶ bÚ-IÀa-¯n-sâbpw hnh-c-W-§Ä \ÂIp-¶-tXm-sSm¸w ]¯mw ]Zyw Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n kh-\-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. cp ]ÀP-\y-kq-à-§Ä¡p-ti-j-amWv ag-¡m-e- hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« Cu aWvUq-I-kq-à-sa-¶Xv hfsc DNn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. 1. kwh-Õcw ii-bm\m {_mÒWm {hX-Nm-cnWx hmNw ]ÀP-\y-Pn-\znXmw {] aWvUqIm Ahm-Znjpx kw-h-Õcw ii-bm\mx Hcp sImÃw \nÝ-e-ambn InS-¶psImv, {hX-Nm-cnWx {_mÒ-Wmx- X§-fpsS \nbaw ]n´p-S-cp-¶ {_mÒW-sc(-t¸m-se) aWvUqImx ]ÀP-\y-Pn-\znXmw Xh-f-IÄ ]ÀP-\y-\m Xzcn¸n-¡-s¸«v hmNw {] Ahm-Znjpx hm¡p ]d-bp¶p. 2. Znhy Bt]m A`n btZ-\-am-b³ ZrXnw \ ipjvIw kcko ibm\w Khm-a-l \ ambpÀh-Õn-\o\mw aWvUq-Im\mw háp-c{Xm ktaXn bZv Znhymx B]x- G\w A`n Bb³ kzÀK-¯nse ag-IÄ Ah-sâ -A-Sp-t¯¡p h¶-t¸mÄ, kc-ko- ipjvIw ZrXnw \ i-bm\w Ip-f-¯n DW-¡t¯mÂk-©n-t]mse InS-¶p-sImv, hÕn-\o-\mw -Khmw ambpx \ I¶p-Ip-«n-ItfmSp-Iq-Snb ]ip¡-fpsS ap{I-bn-SÂt]m-se, A{X aWvUq-Im\mw hápx kw GXn Al Chn-sS -X-h-fI-fpsS hnfn Hcp-an¨p hcp-¶p. 3. bZo-ta-\m-\p-itXm A`y-hÀjoXv Xrjym-hXx {]mhr-jym-K-Xmbmw AIvJ-eo-IrXym ]nXcw \ ]pt{Xm At\ym A\y-ap] hZ-´-taXn DiXx Xrjym-hXx G\m³ bZv A`n AhÀjoXv sImXn-¡p-Ibpw Zmln-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX Ah-bv¡p-ta ag sNmcn-ª-t¸mÄ {]mhrjn BK-Xmbmw hÀj-Imew h¶-tXmsS AIvJ-eo-IrXy ]p{Xx ]nXcw \ ""AIvJe'' F¶p ]d-ªpsImv aI³ AÑ-t\m-sS-¶-t]m-se, A\yx hZ´w A\yw Cuw D] GXn HcmÄ kwkm-cn¡p¶ atä-h-t\mSv ASp-¯p-IqSn t]mIp-¶p. 4. At\ym A\ya\pKr`vWm-tXyt\mþ c]mw {]kÀtK bZ-a-µn-jmXmw aWvUqtIm bZ-`n-hrjvSx I\n-jvI³ ]riv\nx kw ]rwtà lcn-tX\ hmNw A]mw {]kÀtK bZv Aa-µn-jmXmw shÅ-s¨m-cn-¨-en aZw -sIm--t¸mÄ, Gt\mx A\yx A\yw- A\p Kr`vWmXn Cu cn-sem-¶p atäXns\ ]n¶nÂ\n¶p sI«n-¸n-Sn-¡p-¶p. bZv A`n-hrjvSx aWvUqIx I\n-jvI³ ag-bn Xhf ]ns¶bpw ]ns¶bpw NmSnb-t¸mÄ, ]riv\nx lcn-tX\ hmNw kw ]rwtà ]pÅn-¡p-¯p-ÅXv ]¨-¨-Xn-t\mSv hm¡n CS-I-e-cp-¶p. 5. btZ-jm-at\ym A\yky hmNw imà-tkyh hZXn in£-amWx kÀhw XtZjmw kar-t[h ]Àh bXv kphmtNm hZ-Y-\m-[y]vkp bZv in£-amWx imà-ky Ch Hcn-¡Â, injy³ A[ym]I-tâ-sX-¶-t]m-se, Gjmw A\yx A\yky hmNw hZXn Ah-bn-sem¶v atäXnsâ hm¡p ]d-bp-t¼mÄ, XZv Gjmw kÀhw ]Àh bXv kp-hmNx Ah-bpsS hn`m-Kw -ap-gp-h³, \à hm¡p ]d-bp-¶-h³ - - A]vkp A[n kar[m Ch hZY\ shÅ-¯n ap§ns¸m-§p-¶-h-s\-t¸m-sebpw Hcp-an-s¨-¶-t]msebpw H¨¸mSpm-¡p-¶p. 6. tKmam-bp-tctIm AP-am-bp-tcIx ]riv\n-tctIm lcn-X -GI Gjmw kam\w \ma _n{`tX hncq]mx ]pcp{X hmNw ]n]n-ipÀh-Z´x Gjmw GIx tKmambpx GIx AP-ambpx Ch-bn-sem¶v ]ip-hn-sâ- ap-{I-bn-SÂ; atäXv BSnsâ Ic -¨nÂ. GIx ]riv\nx GIx lcnXx H¶p ]pÅn-¡p-¯p-Å-Xv; -a-täXv ]¨. hncq]mx kam\w \ma _n{`Xx hn`-¶-cq-]-§-fn-ep-Å-h-sb¦nepw Ch Htc t]cp [cn-¡p-¶p. hZ´x ]pcp{X hmNw ]n]nipx ]d-bp-t¼mÄ Ch ]e-co-XnI-fn i-_vZs¯ Ae-¦-cn-¡p-¶p. -7. {_mÒ-Wm-tkm -A-Xn-cm-t{X \ tkmta ktcm \ ]qÀW-a`ntXm hZ´x kwh-Õ-cky XZlx ]cn jvT b·-WvUqImx {]mhr-joWw _`qh AXn-cmt{X tkmta \ A`nXx hZ´x AXn-cm-{X-tkm-a-b-Ú-¯n \ndª (tkma-a-cn-Ibv¡p) Npäpw i_vZ-ap-m-¡p¶ {_mÒ-Wmkx \ kwh-Õ-cky {_mÒ-W-sc-t¸m-se, \o sImÃ-¯n XZv Alx ]qÀWw kcx ]cn Ø B Znh-k-w \ndª Ipf¯n-\p-Npäpw h«w Npäp-¶p. bZv aWvUqImx {]mhr-joWw _`qh AXv, Xh-f-Itf! ag¡m-e¯nsâ HcS-bm-famWv. 8. {_mÒ-Wmkx tkmant\m hmN-a-{IX {_Ò IrWz´x ]cn-h-Õ-coWw A[z-cythm LÀanWx knjzn-Zm\m BhnÀ`-h´n Kplym \ tINnXv tkman\x {_mÒ-Wmkx ]cn-h-Õ-coWw tkmaw sNbvX {_mÒW-À X§-fpsS Hcp hÀj-¯nse {_Ò IrWz´x hmNw A{IX ]hn-{X-a{´w krjvSn-¨psImv hm¡p-m-¡n. LÀanWx A[z-cyhx ({]-hÀKy-IÀa-¯n Xnf¨ ]m \nd¨) LÀa-]m{Xt¯mSp-Iq-Snb A[z-cyp-¡Ä knjzn-Zm\mx BhnÀ`-h´n hnbÀ¯-h-cmbn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. \ tINnXv Kplymx Bcpw ad-ªp-\n¡p-¶-h-c-Ã. 9. tZh-lnXnw PKp]pÀZzmZ-iky EXpw \tcm \ {] an-\-t´ytX kwh-Õtc {]mhr-jym-K-Xmbmw X]vXm LÀam Aiv\p-htX hnkÀKw tZh-lnXnw ZzmZ-iky PpKp]px ChÀ tZh-\nÀan-X-amb ]{´p-(am-k)-¡m-es¯ kwc-£n¡p¶p; GtX \cx EXpw \ {] an\´n Cu a\p-jyÀ EXpsh FXnÀ¡p-I-bn-Ã. kwh-Õtc {]mhrjn BK-Xmbmw sImÃ-¯n ag-¡mew h¶t¸mÄ X]vXmx LÀamx hnkÀKw- A-iv\p-htX Xnf-¸n¨ LÀa-§Ä (bÚ-Zp-Kv[-]m-\o-b-§Ä) hntam-N\w t\Sp-¶p. 10. tKmam-bp-c-Zm-Z-P-am-bp-c-ZmXv ]riv\n-c-Zm-²-cn-tXm t\m hkq\n Khmw aWvUqIm ZZ-Xx- i-Xm\n kl-{k-km-th {] Xnc´ Bbpx tKmambpx AZmZv AP-ambpx AZmXv ]ip-hnsâ ap{I-bn-Stem-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw BSn-sâ- I-c-¨n-tem-Sp-Iq-Sn -bXpw ]riv\nx lcnXx \x hkq\n AZmXv ]pÅn-¡p-¯p-ÅXpw ]¨-¨-Xp-am-bh R§Ä¡p km[-\-§Ä Xcs«!. aWvUqImx Khmw iXm\n ZZXx Xh-f-IÄ \qdp ]ip-¡sf X¶p-sImv kl-{k-kmth Bbpx {] Xnct´ Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n-epÅ kh-\-§-fn R§-fpsS BbpÊp \o«s«! F«mw aWvUew Cu aWvUew Hscmä Ihn-bp-sStbm ASp¯p _Ô-s¸« Hcp kwLw Ihn-I-fp-sStbm kqàkaql§fm kwhn-[m\w sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Hmtcm kaql¯nepw kqà-§Ä kwhn-[m\w sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶Xv tZh-X-bp- sStbm hr¯-¯n-sâtbm kqà-ssZÀLy-¯n-sâtbm ASn-Øm-\-¯n-em-Wv. ImWz-·m-cp-sS-bpw- Bw-Kn-c-k-·m-cp- sSbpw Ihn-hw-i-¯nÂs¸-«-h-cmWv Cu aWvU-e-¯n-se -kq-à-§Ä cNn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. ImWz-·mÀ aq¶n cp `mKhpw _m¡n BwKn-c-k-·m-cpw. Cu aWvU-e-¯nse 103- k-qà-§-fn hme-Jn-ey-kq-à-§-(49-þ59)sfm-gn¨pÅ 92 kqà-§fn ]IpXn (46) C{µ\pw cs®w C{µm-án-IÄ¡pw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Aán¡p am{X-ambn ]Xn-\mep kqà-§tf DÅq. Aizn-IÄ¡p ]Xn-s\m-¶pw hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡p \mepw BZn-Xy-·mÀ¡pw acp-¯p-¡Ä¡pw aq¶p hoXhpw tkma\p cpw an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡v H¶pw hcp-W-\p-am-{X-ambn H¶pw kqà-§Ä. A{]-[m-\-tZ-h-X-IÄ¡p hntiz-tZ-h- kq-à-§-fnte Øm\-ap-Åq. AhÀ¡p {]tXy-I-ambn Cu a-WvU-e-¯n kqà-§-fn-Ã. bP-am-\-]-Xv\n¡p hyà-amb Øm\w \ÂIp¶ 31-þmw kqàhpw C{µ\p tkma-b-Ú-a-\p-jvTn-¡p¶ A]mebpsS cN-\-bmb A]m-em-kqàhpw (91) {]tl-fn-Im-kz-`m-h-apÅ 29-þmw kqàhpw Cu aWvU-e-¯nse kqà-§-fn {]tXy-I-]-cm-aÀi-aÀln-¡p-¶-h-b-t{X. {it²-b-amb Nne Zm\-kvXp-Xn-I-fp-ÅXpw A\p-kva-cn-¡mw. hr¯-]-c-amb ]e khn-ti-j-X-I-fp-apÅ H¶mw kqà¯nse 34 ]Zy-§-fn Ah-km-\s¯ \mse®¯n (30-þ34) aq¶v Bkw-Ksâ Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bpw \mem-a-t¯Xv (34) Bkw-K-]-Xv\n-bmb iizXn- Xsâ -`À¯m-hnsâ \jvS-s¸« enwKw Xncn-¨p-In-«n-b-Xn-epÅ hnkva-bhpw kt´m-jhpw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p¶ ]Zy-hpam-Wv. BZys¯ 30 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. bm{XbpsSbpw C{µsâ tkmam-k-àn-bp-sSbpw hnh-c-W-amb Cu kqà-¯nsâ XpS-¡-¯n-epÅ ]¯p ]Zy-§fn Cu {]tabw hnI-kn-¡p-¶p. C{µ³ Xsâ bÚ-¯n hcmsX Hgn-ªp-am-dptam F¶ Ihn-bpsS D¡-WvT-bmWv \nd-Rp-\n¡p-¶-Xv. 13-þ16- epw CXp-Xs¶ XpS-cp- ¶p. 17-þ22  tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡epw tZhsâ {]XnI-c-W-hp-am-Ip-¶p. 23-þ27 ]Zy-§-fnepw bm{Xbpw tkma-¯n- \pÅ £W-hpw-X-s¶ -B-hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. 27-þmw ]Zy-¯n C{µ³ bÚ-¯n hcp-tam- F¶ kwibw Xocp- ¶p. 28-þ29 ]Zy-§-fn C{µ³ hcp-¶p. CtXmsS Cu C{µ`mKw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-`m-Ks¯ Zm\- kvXpXn {it²-b-am-Wv. Bkw-K-]-Xv\n-bpsS AZv`p-Xm-\-µ-{]-I-S\w hnti-jn-¨pw. cmw kqà-¯n-se -an¡ ]Zy-§fpw C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸--«ncn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (40- þ43) Zm\-kvXp-X-Xn-bm-Wv. C{µ-\p-am-bn- _-Ô-s¸« `mK¯v GXmp apgp-h³ ]Zy-§fpw ]e -cq-]-§-fn tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¸än hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. C{µ³ X-§-fpsS bÚ-¯n h-cp-sa¶pw tkmaw IpSn-¡p-sa¶pw X§Ä¡p {]Xn-^ew Xcp-sa¶pw {]Xo-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C¯cw kqà-§-fn bm{Xm-]-Zy-§Ä kzm`m- hnIw (19, 26þ 28). C{µs\ hnfn-¡p-t¼mÄ, Ah³ t{Im[w-sImtm aäp bP-am-\-·m-cpsS hnfn sImtm hn«p- \n¡p-Itbm hcm-Xn-cn-¡p-Itbm sN¿m-sa¶ Bi¦ {]I-Sn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p (5-þ6, 19-þ20). XrXo-b-k-h-\-¯n ]m tNÀ¯ tkmaw tlman-¡p¶Xmbn 10, 11 t]mepÅ ]Zy-§-fn ]cm-aÀi-ap-v. am[y-µn-\-k-h-\-¯n Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-Xp-sImv tZh-·mÀ¡p Xr]vXn-bn-söp 18-þmw ]Zyw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. aq¶v F¶ kwJy-bn-epÅ Du¶epw (7-þ9, 21) C{µ³ sshIp-t¶cw Zqsc-sb§pw t]mhn-sö {]Xo-£bpw (20) Cu hymJym\-¯n\v Dt]mÂ_-e-I-am-Wv. Ah-km-\-]Zyw ap³kq-à-¯nse Ah-km-\-]Zys¯ Hs«m¶v A\p-kva- cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. cp ap³kq-à-§-sf-t¸m-se, aq¶mw kqàhpw C{µ-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Hcp ZoÀL-kvXpXn (1-þ20) DÄs¡m- Åp-¶p. XpSÀ¶p {lkz-amb Hcp Zm\-kvXp-Xn (21-þ24). C{µ-`mKw {]Km-Y-I-fn-emWv kwhn-[m\w sNbvXn-«p-Å-Xv. Zm\-kvXpXn hnhn-[-hr-¯-\n-_-²-a-t{X. CS-bv¡nsS BhÀ¯n-¡p¶ Nne {]ta-b-§-fpv: C{µsâ al-Xzhpw hn]p-e-amb iànbpw (4, 6), C{µ-s\- ap³]p ]pI-gv¯nb tZh-·mcpw Ihn-Ifpw Ahsc C{µ³ klm-bn-¨Xpw (7-þ9, 16), C{µ-kvtXmXm-¡-fpsS tIh-e-amb i_vZw (3, 7, 16, 18) F¶n-h. Cu hnj-b-§-fpsS kµÀ`-¯n 13-þ14 ]Zy-§Ä kvXpXn-Imhyw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-sX-´m-Wv, ]p-Xp-Xmbn kvXpXn-IÄ Bhn-jvI-cn-t¡--sX-§s\ F¶ EtKz-Z-Km-b-Isâ imiz-X-amb {]iv\-§Ä DbÀ¯p-¶p. Zm\-kvXpXn ap³kq-à-§-fn-te-Xns\ -A-t]-£n¨v efn- X-am-Wv. A\p-{I-aWn ]d-bp-¶-Xp-t]m-se, \memw kqàw -aq¶p apJy-J-WvU-§-fmbn hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p: Gähpw ZoÀL-amb 1þ14 ]Zy-§fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶Xv C{µ\pw 15-þ18 ]Zy-§-f-S-§p-¶Xv ]qjm-hn\pw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ Ah-km-\-t¯-Xmb-b 19-þ21 ]Zy-§Ä Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bm-Wv. BZy-J-WvU-¯nse BZys¯ {]KmY (1-þ2) C{µ³ kµÀin-¡m-hp¶ ]e bP-am-\-·m-cp-sSbpw ]«nI \nc-¯n-s¡mv ChnsS IWz-·m-cpsS ASp-¡-te-¡p-Xs¶ hcm³ tZhs\ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ \mep {]Km-Y-IÄ (3-þ10) ZmlmÀ¯-\mb arK-s¯-t¸mse C{µ³ IpSn-¡m³ hcp-¶Xpw AXyp-¶-X-amb hocy-ap-ÅXp Ign-¡p-¶Xpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu JWvU-¯nse aäp cp {]Km-Y-IÄ (11-þ14) C{µ\p tkmaw ]ngn-sª-Sp-¡m³ A[z-cyp-¡-tfmSv Iev]n-¡p-¶p. C{µ-J-WvU-¯nse icn- bmb DÅ-S¡w amaqÂco-Xn-bn-ep-Å-XmWv: Ah-sâ- i-àn-I-fpsS kvXpXn, Ah³ a\p-jyÀ¡p \ÂInb klm-b-§Ä, Ah-km-\-`m-K¯v IqSp-X Du¶p¶ Chn-tS¡p hcm-\pw tkma-]m-\-¯n-\p-apÅ £Ww F¶n-h. C{µ³ `qansb Xsâ Npn hln-¡p¶ ]pcm-hr-¯s¯ A\p-kva-cn-¡p¶ F«mw ]Zyw {it²-b-am-Wv. ]Xn-hp-{]-Imcw Zm\-§Ä¡pÅ A`yÀY\ ImWp-¶n-Ã. ]I-cw, `à-·mÀ¡v C{µ- \nÂ\n¶p e`n-¡p-¶ t\«-§-fmWv hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]qj-JWvUw Zm\-§Ä¡pÅ hyà-amb At]-£-I- fm-Wv. Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bn-te-¡pÅ amäw ChnsS ImWmw. Cu JWvU-¯nse D]m-´y-]Zyw (17) thsdmcp IWz-I-hnsb ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. 18-þmw ]Zyw asämcp ]pÂssa-Xm-\-¯nse ]ip-¡-fpsS Hcp `mKw thW- sa¶ A`yÀY-\-bpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Zm\-kvXpXn (19-þ21)-bnse BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§sf At]-£n¨v Ah- km-\-]Zyw Ahy-à-X-bpÅXmWv. EtKz-Z-¯nse Aizn-kq-à-§-fn Gähpw ZoÀLw (5). kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv Aizn-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Ã, DjtÊm- Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv (1). Aizn-I-fp-sS- A-Xn-cm-hn-se-bpÅ bm{Xbv¡p apt¶m-Sn-bm-W-tÃm- D-j-Ênsâ hc-hv. kqà-¯n- ep-S-\ofw cp tZh-·m-tcmSpw X§-fpsS bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm-\p-Å £W-am-Wv. CS-bv¡v- A-hÀ Ct§m-«pÅ hc-hn IS-¶p-t]m-tI bÚ-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw ]cm-aÀi-§-fp-v (13, 15). ]ip-¡-fpÄs¸-sS-bpÅ k¼-¯n-\p- th-n-bpÅ At]-£-bp-w ImWmw. `£-W-¯n-\pÅ A`yÀY\ CS-bv¡nsS bpv (5, 9, 10, 20, 21, 31, 34, 36). 22- þ23 ]Zy-§-fnÂ- A-izn-I-fp-sS-cp hoc-Ir-Xy-§Ä ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. 25-þ26 ]Zy-§-fn Ah-cp-sS- H-t«sd I£n-I-fpsS ]«nI \ÂIp-¶p. Ah-km-\-s¯- aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (37-þ39) Iip-hn-sâbpw tNZn]XnI-fp-sSbpw Zm\-§sf ]pI-gv¯n-s¡m-pÅ Zm\-kvXp-Xn-b-t{X. hÕ-kw-L-¯n-sâ- kq-à-k-aq-l-¯n (8. 6þ11) H¶p-am-{Xta C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅq F¦nepw 48 ]Zy-§-fpÅ Bdmw -kqàw EtKz-Z-¯n-se-¯s¶ kpZoÀL-kq-à-§-fn-sem-¶m-Wv. C{µsâ ]e hi-§fpw XrN-§-fn-embn AXv hc-¨p-Im«p-¶p. Imhy-¯n-eqsS C{µs\ iàn-s¸-Sp-¯nb ImWz-·m-cpsS ]¦v kqà-¯n hcp¶ Hcp {]ta-b-am-Wv. 1þ3 ]Zy-§-fn-emWv CXv ià-ambn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n hÕ³X- s¶bpw 2þ3 ]Zy-§-fn Xsâ ]qÀhn-Icpw hln¨ ]¦p hyà-am-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n X§-fpsS IpSp-_m- bp-[-sa¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p¶ ImWz-kvXp-Xn-Isf 7þ8 ]Zy-§-fn ""I®-©n-¸n-¡p-amdp {]Im-in-¡p¶ Akv{X§''sf¶p -hn-I-kn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ XrN-¯n (10-þ12) hÕ³ Xsâ- Im-hy-ss]-Xr-I-s¯-¸än ]d-bp- ¶p. 19-þ21 ]Zy-§-fn ImWz-·m-cpsS hmNn-tIm-ev]-¶-§sf `uXn-I-amb bÚ-l-hn-Êp-I-fp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp- ¯p-¶p. 31-þ36 ]Zy-§Ä C{µs\ iàn-s¸-Sp-¯m-\pÅ ImWz-·m-cpsS iànsb EPp-hmb hm¡p-I-fn hmgv¯p- ¶p. Zm\-kvXp-Xn¡p ap³]pÅ XrN-¯n (40-þ42) ImWz-·m-cpsS {]hÀ¯-\-s¯-¸än ]cm-aÀi-ap-v. F«mw aWvU-e-¯n aq¶p acp-Õq-à-§-fn (a-äp-Åh 20, 94) H¶m-Wv Ggmw kqàw. an¡ acp-Õq-à- §-sf-bpw-t]m-se, sImSp-¦m-änsâ aqÀ¯o-`m-h-§-fmb Ch temI-¯n hcp-¯p¶ ^e-§-fpsS hnkvX-cn¨ hnh-c-Whpw A´-co-£-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ Ah-cpsS bm{Xbpw AS-§p-¶p. ]Àh-X-§Ä Ip\n-bp-¶Xpw lnwkm-ß- I-amb Imä-Sn-¡p-¶Xpw ag s]¿p-¶Xpw Ae-dp-¶XpsaÃmw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p-v. kqà-¯nsâ BZy-`m-K-¯mWv apJy-am-bpw Cu hÀW\-§-fp-Å-Xv (2-þ5, 7þ8). ]ns¶ -A-h-km\`mK¯pw (34). kqà-¯n-sâ- a-[y-`m-K¯v (11- þ21) X§-fpsS bÚ-¯n Ah-cpsS km¶n-[yhpw Ah-cpsS Zm\-§fpw thW-sa¶ B{K-lw {]I-Sn-¸n- ¡p-¶p. 20-þ21 ]Zy-§Ä Ah-cpsS aäp Imcy-§-f-dn-bp-¶-Xn-\pÅ D¡-WvTbpw Ah-cpsS A{i²bpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. 30-þ31 F¶o aäp tNmZy-]-Zy-§-fn-epw Cu D¡WvT Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p-v. Ch acp-¯p-I- fpsS bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ Ah-km-\-bm-{XbpsS Bap-J-a-t{X. AhnsS AhÀ Aán-tbm-sSm¸w kvXpXn- ¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. 22-þ26 ]Zy-§Ä ]e ]pcm-hr-¯-i-I-e-§fpw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Di-\-sʶ Ihn-bp-sS-bpw- heIY-bp-sSbpw ]cm-aÀ§Ä CXn-epÄs¸-Spw. F«mw kqà-¯n-sâ -I-hn-bpsS t]cv A\p-{I-a-Wn-bn k[zw-k-s\-¶mWp sImSp-¡p-¶-sX-¦nepw ChnsS BhÀ¯n¨p \ÂIp-¶Xv hÕ- IWzs\-¶m-Wv (7, 8, 11, 15, 19). hÕsâ kqàm-cw-`-ssi-en-bp- Äs¸sS FÃm khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw CXnepw ImWmw. {]]-©-¯n-se-hn-sS-bm-Wp-Å-sX-¦nepw (3-þ4, 7, 14) X§-fp-S- bÚ-¯n-se-¯p-amdv aäp bÚ-§-fn t]mIm-\pÅ {]tem-`-\-§-sf-Ãm-sam-gn-hm-¡-W-sa¶p tZh-·m-sc DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p (8). A´n-a-]-Zy-¯nepw (23) C¡m-cy-§-sfms¡ Npcp-¡n-¸-d-bp-¶p-v. Aizn-I-fpsS aq¶p ImÂsh-¸p-I-sf-¸-än-bpÅ ]cm-aÀiw {it²-b-amWv. bm{Xbpw bÚhpw sImÅ-ap- X-ep-I-fpsS Zm\hpw kqcy-bp-sS- A-izn-c-Ym-tcm-l-Whpw kqcym-hn-hm-lhpw Aizn-I-fpsS Nne I£n-I- fpsS ]cm-aÀihpw aäv A-izn-kq-à-§-fn-se-¶-t]mse Chn-sSbpw ImWmw hr¯-ssh-hn-[yw-sImv {it²-b-amWv H³]Xmw kqàw. cp XrN-§Ä (7-þ9, 16-þ18) A\p-jvSp-¸n- em-Wv. ap³kq-{X-¯n-se-t¸mse hÕ-\mWv Xms\¶p Ihn ]te-S¯pw 1, 6, 15) shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. ii- IÀW-s\¶ ]qÀh-`mKw A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn-¨p-Å-XmWv; kqà-¯n sXfn-shm-¶p-an-Ã. Aizn-I-tfmSp klm-bhpw kwc-£-Whpw A`yÀYn-¡p-Ibpw ]Icw bÚ-tk-h\w hmKvZm\w \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶- XmWv apJy-{]-ta-bw. 16-þ18 ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp¶ XrNw Aizn-I-tfm-SpÅ _Ô-¯nsâ t]cn Dj-Ên- s\ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. {]mXx-k-h-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-XmWv B XrN-sa-¶ HuNnXyw ChnsS ImWmw. -hr¯-ssh-hn-[yw-sImv {it²-b-amWv ]¯mw kqàhpw. -11þmw kqàw. hÕ-kw-L-¯nse Ah-km-\-s¯- kq-à-am-Wn-Xv; Aán¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« Htc- sbmcp kqà-hpw. Cu k©-b-¯n-se -aäp kqà-§-fp-am-bn- Xm-c-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-t¼mÄ CXp kw£n- ]vXhpw {]mY-an-I-Im-cy-§Ä am{Xw ssIImcyw sN¿p-¶-Xp-am-Wv. GXm-bmepw {]k-¶-am-sbmcp cN-\- bmWv {]kvXp-X-kq-àw. 12-þmw kqà-¯nse -Hmtcm XrN-¯n-sebpw ]Zy¯nse A´y-]m-Z-¯nse Ah-km-\s¯ \¶me£- c-§Ä ]Ã-hn. 25-þ27, 28-þ30 F¶o ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp¶ XrN-§-fnse A´y-]mZw apgp-h³ ]Ã-hn-sb¶p hnti-jw. bÚ-hn-h-c-Whpw bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ £Whpw tZh-\nÂ\n-¶pÅ sImÅ-ap-X-epÄs¸-sS- bpÅ Zm\-{]-Xo-£-bp-amWv s]mXp-hn kqà-¯nsâ DÅ-S-¡w. 13-þmw kqà-¯nepw ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸m-se-¯s¶ hr¯hpw XrN-kw-hn-[m-\-hp-sa-Ãmw. F¦nepw AXp-t]mse cN-\m-ZmÀVyw ImWp-¶n-Ã. Ah-km-\s¯ XrN-¯n (30-þ33) am{X-amWv NXp-c-£-c-]Ã-hn- bp-Å-Xv. hf-cp-¶-Xn-sâbpw iàn-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn-sâbpw {]ta-b-amWv Chn-sS-bpw. s]mXp-hn kqà-]-Zy- §Ä X½ntem XrN-§Ä X-½ntem sFI-cq-]y-an-Ã. 14-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv {]km-Z-]qÀW-amb Hcp {IoUm-]-c-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. Ihn C{µ-t\mSv X§-fpsS Øm\-§Ä ]c-kv]cw amdp-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ, AXm-b-Xv, Ihn C{µ\pw C{µ³ Ihn-bp-am-hp-I-bm- sW-¦nÂ, Xm³ C{µ-t\-¡mÄ F{Xtbm DZm-c-\m-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶v C{µs\ Ifn-bm-¡n-s¡m-mWv kqàw XpS-§p-¶-Xv (1-þ3). ASp¯ XrN¯nepw (4-þ6) \memw XrN-¯nepw (10-þ12) bÚ-¯nÂ\n-¶p-In- «p¶ _e-amWv C{µs\ DZm-c-\m-¡p-¶-sX¶p ]d-bp-¶p. cp XrN-§Ä C{µ-sâ- ho-c-IÀa-§Ä hnh-cn- ¡p-¶p. 7þ9, 13-þ15 ]Zy§-fpÄs¡m-Åp¶hbm-W-h. Ch-bn he-Kp-lm-t`-Z-\w, kzÀK-km-{am-Py-[m-c-Ww, \ap-Nn-h[w apX-em-bh {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Kmb-{Xo-hr-¯hpw XrN-L-S-\bpw sImpÅ emfnXyw Cu kqà-s¯ -Cu aWvU-e-¯-Xnse aän{µ-kq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXn-cn-à-am-¡p-¶p. -15-þmw kqàw. ap³kq-à-¯nsâ AtX Ihn-I-fp-sS -c-N-\-bmb CXv amaqÂcq-]-¯n-epÅ Hcp kvXpXnkqàat{X. CXv {]]-©¯n C{µsâ B[n-]Xyw Dd-¸n-¨p-]-d-bp¶p (2-þ6). C{µsâ A[n-Im-c-i- àn¡p {]]-©-i-àn-I-fp-sSbpw aäp hnhn-[-tZ-h-·m-cp-sSbpw kw`m-h-\ XpSÀ¶p hnh-cn-¡p¶p (7-þ10). Ah-km-\-Xr-N-¯nepw (10-þ12) tkmas¯ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p¶ Ah-km-\s¯ ]Zy-¯nepw (13) C{µ-sâ- FÃm hnP-b-i-àn-Ifpw X§-fp-sS- `m-K-t¯¡p thW-sa¶ B{Klw ImWmw. BZy-]-Zy-¯n kJm-¡- tfmSv C{µ-s\ -h-io-I-cn-¡m-³ \S-¯p¶ DZvt_m-[-\-¯nsâ {]Xn-[z\n ChnsS tIÄ¡mw. 16-þmw kqàw. -CXv, Nne coXn-I-fnÂ, Hcp _rlXvkvXpXn-kq-à-am-Wv. AXm-bXv C{µs\ kvXpXn¡p- ¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kvXpXn. kqàw ]qÀW-ambpw icn-¡pÅ tZh-Xm-kvXp-Xn-bm-sW-¦n-epw, CS-bv¡nsS hnfn-¡Â, kvXpXn-¡Â, Km\w sN¿Â, C{µ\pw Ah-sâ- i-àn-IÄ¡pw IÀa-§Ä¡pw AwKo-Imcw \ÂI (aäp hm¡p-I-fnÂ, kvXpXn-X-s¶) F¶n-h-sb-¸än-¡qSn BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶p-v. C{µsâ bp²-i- ànbmWv kqà-¯nsâ DÅ-S-¡w. bp²-{]-ta-b-am-bn«pw lnwk hcp-¶-tX-bn-sÃ-¶Xv hnkva-b-I-c-am-Wv. Øe-ap-m-¡p-Ibpw (6) shfn¨w \ÂIp-Ibpw (10) D¶-X-cmb Xsâ I£n-IÄ¡p-thn hmZn-¡p- Ibpw sN¿p¶ C{µ-s\-bmWv \man-hnsS ImWp-¶-Xv. Cu kwL-¯nse (8. 12-þ18) Ah-km-\¯ Cu 17-þmw kqàw ap³kq-à-§s-sf- A-t]-£n¨v ZoÀL- amb 15 ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 1-þ10 ]Zy-§Ä aq¶p XrN§fpw Hc-h-km-\-]-Zy-hp-apÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 11-þ13 ]Zy-§fpw kzX{´-amb XrN-a-Wv. 14-þ15 ]Zy-§-f-S-§p¶ {]KmY CXnsâ Ah-km-\-`m-Kw. 1þ10 ]Zy-§Ä tkma-¶pÅ £W-am-Wv. bÚ-¯n-te¡pÅ C{µsâ-bm{X CXnsâ `mK-a-t{X. Ah-km-\-`m-K¯v {it²- b-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-IÄ ImWmw. 11-þ13 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ-\pÅ amaqÂcq-]-¯n-epÅ £Ww Xs¶. ]t£, cp ]Zy-§Ä tkma-b-Ú-¯n apgp-Ip¶ cv AÚm-X-sc-¡p-dn-¨m-Wv. 14-þmw ]Zyw tkma-s\bpw 15 bÚ-¯n CS-s]-Sp¶ asäm-c-ÚmXs\bpw Ipdn-¨v. BZn-Xy-·mÀ¡pÅ aäp kqà-§Ä (47, 67) t]mse, 18-þmw kqàw GXmv {]mY-an-Ihpw AXnsâ {]ta-b-¯nÂ\n¶v Gs-d am-dn-\n¡m-¯-Xp-am-Wv. BZn-Xy-·mcpw (Ah-km-\-`m-K-¯v þ 16, 20, 21 þ aäp tZh- ·m-cpw) hnhn-[-hn-]-¯p-I-fnÂ\n¶pw i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶pw kwc-£-Whpw X§Ä¡p ZoÀLm-bpÊpw k´Xnbpw \ÂIp-sa¶ {]Xo£bmWv Chn-sS-bpw. XrN-§Ä X-½n \à tbmPn-¸p-v. AZn-Xn-bpsS AXyp-¶-XXzw 4þ6 ]Zy-§-fn ImWmw. ""iw'']Z-¯nsâ BhÀ¯-\hpw 7þ9 ]Zy-§-fn NX-pc-£-c-]-Ã- hn-bp-ap-v. 19-þmw kqà¯nsâ {]tab§fn {][m\w bÚ-¯n Aán-bpsS ]¦pw B ]¦p hln-¡p-¶- Xn a\p-jy-sâ- k-lm-b-hp-amWv. icn-bmbn Aánsb tkhn-¡p¶ a\p-jy\v Aán hmKvZm\w sN¿p¶ -§Ä ]Ã-hn. 25-þ27, 28-þ30 F¶o ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp¶ XrN-§-fnse A´y-]mZw apgp-h³ ]Ã-hn-sb¶p hnti-jw. bÚ-hn-h-c-Whpw bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ £Whpw tZh-\nÂ\n-¶pÅ sImÅ-ap-X-epÄs¸- sS-bpÅ Zm\-{]-Xo-£-bp-amWv s]mXp-hn kqà-¯nsâ DÅ-S-¡w. 13-þmw kqà-¯nepw ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸m-se-¯s¶ hr¯hpw XrN-kw-hn-[m-\-hp-sa-Ãmw. F¦nepw AXp-t]mse cN-\m-ZmÀVyw ImWp-¶n-Ã. Ah-km-\s¯ XrN-¯n (30-þ33) am{X-amWv NXp-c-£-c-]Ã-hn- bp-Å-Xv. hf-cp-¶-Xn-sâbpw iàn-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn-sâbpw {]ta-b-amWv Chn-sS-bpw. s]mXp-hn kqà-]-Zy- §Ä X½ntem XrN-§Ä X-½ntem sFI-cq-]y-an-Ã. 14-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv {]km-Z-]qÀW-amb Hcp {IoUm-]-c-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. Ihn C{µ-t\mSv X§-fpsS Øm\-§Ä ]c-kv]cw amdp-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ, AXm-b-Xv, Ihn C{µ\pw C{µ³ Ihn-bp-am-hp-I-bm- sW-¦nÂ, Xm³ C{µ-t\-¡mÄ F{Xtbm DZm-c-\m-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶v C{µs\ Ifn-bm-¡n-s¡m-mWv kqàw XpS-§p-¶-Xv (1-þ3). ASp¯ XrN¯nepw (4-þ6) \memw XrN-¯nepw (10-þ12) bÚ-¯nÂ\n-¶p-In- «p¶ _e-amWv C{µs\ DZm-c-\m-¡p-¶-sX¶p ]d-bp-¶p. cp XrN-§Ä C{µ-sâ- ho-c-IÀa-§Ä hnh-cn- ¡p-¶p. 7þ9, 13-þ15 ]Zy§-fpÄs¡m-Åp¶hbm-W-h. Ch-bn he-Kp-lm-t`-Z-\w, kzÀK-km-{am-Py-[m-c-Ww, \ap-Nn-h[w apX-em-bh {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Kmb-{Xo-hr-¯hpw XrN-L-S-\bpw sImpÅ emfnXyw Cu kqà-s¯ -Cu aWvU-e-¯-Xnse aän{µ-kq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXn-cn-à-am-¡p-¶p. -15-þmw kqàw. ap³kq-à-¯nsâ AtX Ihn-I-fp-sS -c-N-\-bmb CXv amaqÂcq-]-¯n-epÅ Hcp kvXpXnkqàat{X. CXv {]]-©¯n C{µsâ B[n-]Xyw Dd-¸n-¨p-]-d-bp¶p (2-þ6). C{µsâ A[n-Im-c-i- àn¡p {]]-©-i-àn-I-fp-sSbpw aäp hnhn-[-tZ-h-·m-cp-sSbpw kw`m-h-\ XpSÀ¶p hnh-cn-¡p¶p (7-þ10). Ah-km-\-Xr-N-¯nepw (10-þ12) tkmas¯ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p¶ Ah-km-\s¯ ]Zy-¯nepw (13) C{µ-sâ- FÃm hnP-b-i-àn-Ifpw X§-fp-sS- `m-K-t¯¡p thW-sa¶ B{Klw ImWmw. BZy-]-Zy-¯n kJm-¡- tfmSv C{µ-s\ -h-io-I-cn-¡m-³ \S-¯p¶ DZvt_m-[-\-¯nsâ {]Xn-[z\n ChnsS tIÄ¡mw. 16-þmw kqàw. -CXv, Nne coXn-I-fnÂ, Hcp _rlXvkvXpXn-kq-à-am-Wv. AXm-bXv C{µs\ kvXpXn¡p- ¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kvXpXn. kqàw ]qÀW-ambpw icn-¡pÅ tZh-Xm-kvXp-Xn-bm-sW-¦n-epw, CS-bv¡nsS hnfn-¡Â, kvXpXn-¡Â, Km\w sN¿Â, C{µ\pw Ah-sâ- i-àn-IÄ¡pw IÀa-§Ä¡pw AwKo-Imcw \ÂI (aäp hm¡p-I-fnÂ, kvXpXn-X-s¶) F¶n-h-sb-¸än-¡qSn BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶p-v. C{µsâ bp²-i- ànbmWv kqà-¯nsâ DÅ-S-¡w. bp²-{]-ta-b-am-bn«pw lnwk hcp-¶-tX-bn-sÃ-¶Xv hnkva-b-I-c-am-Wv. Øe-ap-m-¡p-Ibpw (6) shfn¨w \ÂIp-Ibpw (10) D¶-X-cmb Xsâ I£n-IÄ¡p-thn hmZn-¡p- Ibpw sN¿p¶ C{µ-s\-bmWv \man-hnsS ImWp-¶-Xv. Cu kwL-¯nse (8. 12-þ18) Ah-km-\¯ Cu 17-þmw kqàw ap³kq-à-§s-sf- A-t]-£n¨v ZoÀL- amb 15 ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 1-þ10 ]Zy-§Ä aq¶p XrN§fpw Hc-h-km-\-]-Zy-hp-apÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 11-þ13 ]Zy-§fpw kzX{´-amb XrN-a-Wv. 14-þ15 ]Zy-§-f-S-§p¶ {]KmY CXnsâ Ah-km-\-`m-Kw. 1þ10 ]Zy-§Ä tkma-¶pÅ £W-am-Wv. bÚ-¯n-te¡pÅ C{µsâ-bm{X CXnsâ `mK-a-t{X. Ah-km-\-`m-K¯v {it²- b-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-IÄ ImWmw. 11-þ13 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ-\pÅ amaqÂcq-]-¯n-epÅ £Ww Xs¶. ]t£, cp ]Zy-§Ä tkma-b-Ú-¯n apgp-Ip¶ cv AÚm-X-sc-¡p-dn-¨m-Wv. 14-þmw ]Zyw tkma-s\bpw 15 bÚ-¯n CS-s]-Sp¶ asäm-c-ÚmXs\bpw Ipdn-¨v. BZn-Xy-·mÀ¡pÅ aäp kqà-§Ä (47, 67) t]mse, 18-þmw kqàw GXmv {]mY-an-Ihpw AXnsâ {]ta-b-¯nÂ\n¶v Gs-d am-dn-\n¡m-¯-Xp-am-Wv. BZn-Xy-·mcpw (Ah-km-\-`m-K-¯v þ 16, 20, 21 þ aäp tZh- ·m-cpw) hnhn-[-hn-]-¯p-I-fnÂ\n¶pw i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶pw kwc-£-Whpw X§Ä¡p ZoÀLm-bpÊpw k´- Xnbpw \ÂIp-sa¶ {]Xo£bmWv Chn-sS-bpw. XrN-§Ä X-½n \à tbmPn-¸p-v. AZn-Xn-bpsS AXyp- ¶-XXzw 4þ6 ]Zy-§-fn ImWmw. ""iw'']Z-¯nsâ BhÀ¯-\hpw 7þ9 ]Zy-§-fn NX-pc-£-c-]-Ã-hn-bp-ap- v. 19-þmw kqà¯nsâ {]tab§fn {][m\w bÚ-¯n Aán-bpsS ]¦pw B ]¦p hln-¡p-¶- Xn a\p-jy-sâ- k-lm-b-hp-amWv. icn-bmbn Aánsb tkhn-¡p¶ a\p-jy\v Aán hmKvZm\w sN¿p¶""ImSp Ib-dnb `mh\'' \o§p-¶p. kqàm-´y-`m-K¯v Hcp cmjv{So-b-]-cn-]mSn ImWmw. 32-þ33 ]Zy-§-fn AXv ]c-tIm-Sn-bn-se-¯p-¶p. ap³t] AXnsâ \ng-em-«-ap-v. 32-þmw ]Zy-¯n Xm\pw kplr- ¯p-¡fpw aä-án-I-sfÃmw B{i-bn-¡p¶ alm-\mb {Xk-Z-kyp-cm-Pm-hnsâ Aán-bpsS ASp¯mWp h¶sX¶p Ihn Adn-bn-¡p-¶p (33). Aán A§s\ tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw a\p-jy-cp-sS-bn-an-S-bn am[yØyw hln-¡pI am{X-a-Ã, hnhn-[-§-fmb Aán-IfpsS {]Xn-\n-[nbm-sW-¶p-IqSn hcp-¶p. ]c-kv]-c-hn-\n-a-b-{]-hÀ¯-\hpw D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯hp-sa¶ \ne-bn-epÅ bÚ-¯nsâ amXrI cmjv{S- ¯n\p ]tcm-£-amb amXrI \ÂIp-¶p-v. Ggmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn Xsâ -kw-L-¯n\v Xsâ Aán-Isf ""\n§Ä''¡p \à Aánsb \ÂIm³ Ign-bp-sa¶p {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. ""Aán-IÄ'' F¶ _lp-h-N\w AÀY-KÀ`-amWv: bÚ-k-µÀ`-¯n AXv bÚ-`q-an-bn-se- aq-¶-án-Isf ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xm-sb-Sp-¡mw. cmjv{So-b-amb hmb-\-bn AXv 33-þmw ]Zy-¯nse Ah-ew-_m-án-Isf {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶-Xmbn Icp-Xmw. F«mw ]Zyw Aánsb ""an{Xn-b''-\mb ""Aán-''(kJy-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« Aán)bmbn hÀWn-¡p- ¶p. bÚ-k-µÀ`-¯n a\p-jy-Kr-l-¯n AXn-Yn-bmbn KWn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ Aán-sbbpw tZh-·mÀ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡p-an-S-bn kJyw {]mhÀ¯n-I-am-¡p¶ Aán-sbbpw CXp ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. cmjv{Sobhmb- \-bn CXv {Xk-Zkyphnsâ Aán {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ cmPm-hn-sâ- Io-gn P\-§sf Hcp-an-¨p -Iq-«n- bn-W-¡p¶ Aán-bm-Wv. 14-þmw ]Zy-¯n ""km{am-Py-§-fn-ep-S-\ofw AZn-Xn-(A-Xn-cn-Ãm-¯)bmbn `àn- ]qÀhw lhnÊp \ÂIp-¶h''s\¶p ]d-bp-t¼mÄ AZn-Xnsb ChnsS kmam-\y-\m-a-am-bm-Wp- hn-h-£n-¨n-cn- ¡p-¶-Xv. bÚ-k-µÀ`-¯n CXv AJn-e-tem-I-¯n\pw Xpeyhpw AXn-cn-Ãm-¯-Xp-amb bÚ-`q-anbmWv. cmjv{So-b-k-µÀ`-¯nÂ, P\-§Ä¡n-S-bn AXn-cp-IÄ ambv¨p-I-f-bp¶ {Xk-Z-kyp-hn-sâbpw Xsâbpw Aánsb ]cm-aÀin-¡mw. 16-þmw ]Zy-¯n P\-§Ä¡n-S-bnse _Ô-§Ä¡p taÂt\m«w hln-¡p¶ {][m-\-s¸« BZn-Xy-·m-cmb hcp-W-s\bpw an{X-s\bpw Acy-am-hn-s\bpw `K-s\bpw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xp- sImv BZn-Xy-·m-cp-sS- B-\p-Iq-eyhpw ]-tcm-£-ambn hmKvZm\w sN¿p-¶p-m-hmw. {Xk-Z-kyp-hn-sâ- A-án-sb-¸-än-bpÅ ]Zy-§Ä (34-þ35) BZn-Xy-·mÀ¡mWv kaÀ¸n-¨n-«p-Å-Xpw. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy- §Ä (36-þ37)- A-k-¦oÀWhpw kw£n-]vX-hp-amb Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bm-Ip-¶p. 20-þmw kqà-¯n amXr-Im-`q-X-amb acp-Xv{]-ta-b-§Ä kaÀY-ambn Hcp-an-¨n-W-¡n-t¨-À¯n-cn-¡p- ¶p. Ahsc bÚ-¯n-te¡p £Wn-¨p-sImv (1-þ2) Ihn AhÀ aqÀ¯o-`mhw ssIs¡m-Åp¶ sImSp- ¦m-änsâ {]Xym-Lm-X-§Ä hÀWn-¡p¶p (3-þ6). XpSÀ¶v Ah-cp-sSbpw tXcn-sâbpw an-¶na-dn-bp¶ kuµ- cyw (7-þ12) hÀWn¨v Cu JWvU-¯nsâ A´y-¯n-epÅ cp ]Zy-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn (13-þ14) Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡p- ¶p. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS DZm-c-X-bm-Wv kqà-¯n-sâ- A-h-in-jvS-`m-K-§-fnÂ. tkm`-cn-bpsS kqà¯n\p {]Xn-I-c-W-ambn AXp ImWn-¡m\pw Ah-tcm-S-`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. 19-þ20 ]Zy-§Ä Ihn kzbw kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-h-bm-Wv. Ah-cpsS ia-\u-j-[-{]tbm-K-§Ä (23-þ26) Ah-cpsS AÑ-\mb cp{Z\neq-sSbmWv hcp- ¶-Xv. 21-þmw kqàw Nn{X-sâ- Zm-\-kvXp-Xn-(17-þ18)bn Ah-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw Ah-sâ- t]-cn-epÅ tÇj-t¯m- Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n C{µs\ Nn{X-\mbn (D-Öz-e³) hÀWn-¡p-¶p. Ihnbpw Xsâ- hy-Xy-kvX-P-\-X-Ifpw C{µ\pw X½n-epmbn-cn-¡m-hp¶ _豈 AZv`p-X-I-c-amb kmt¦-Xn-I-]- Zm-h-en-bpsS klm-b-t¯msS hnh-cn-¡p-¶p: kJmhv (4, 8, 14, 15), _Ôp (4), {]Xn-tbmKn (13), (B-]nXzw (ku-lrZw þ 13), ]nXmhv (14). tkma-b-Ú-¯n-\pÅ £W-§Ä¡n-S-bn (3, 5) C{µ-KpWkvXp-Xn-IÄ(10)¡n- S-bnepw Ihn ap³]p Xm\pw Xsâ P\-X-Ifpw C{µs\ ssIhn-«-Xmbn kzbw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. ]t£ X§-fp-ambn tZh³ _Ô-§Ä Øm]n-¡p-sa¶ {]Xo£ ]peÀ¯p-¶p-v (6). _Ôw XpS-cp-I-bm-sW- ¦n F´mWv C{µ-\nÂ\n¶p t\Sm³ km[n-¡pI F¶v `mh\ sN¿p-¶p (11-þ12). kqà-¯nsâ A´y- `m-K-am-Ip-t¼m-tg¡pw C{µ-\p-bpÅ Ihn-bpsS _Ô-§Ä {]h-N-\m-Xo-X-amb coXn-I-fn-te-¡p-t]mepw \o§p-¶p. 13-þ14 ]Zy-§-f-S-§p¶ {]KmY XpS-§p-¶Xv C{µs\ kplr-{Z-ln-X-\mbn hnfn-¨p-sImpw C{µ- \p-ambn _Ôw thm¯ Nne-sc -]-cm-aÀin-¨p-sIm-p-a-t{X. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-§-fnse Nn{Xsâ Zm\-kvXp- Xn-bm-I-s«, C{µ³ Zm\-¯n A{X tIa-\-söp kqNn-¸n-¡m-\mtWm F¶p tXm¶pw. 22-þmw kqà-¯nsâ hr¯-]-c-amb k¦oÀWX DÅ-S-¡-]-c-amb k¦oÀW-X-bp-ambn H¯p-t]m-Ip- ¶n-Ã. kqàw apJy-ambn khn-tijw tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶Xv Aizn-I-fpsS tXcn-epw AhcpsS bÚ-¯n-te- ¡pÅ bm{X-bn-ep-am-Wv. R§Ä Ahsc kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw ]Icw ]e Xc-¯n-epÅ klmbw {]Xo-£n- ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. F¦n-epw, Nne {it²-b-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-Ifpw hmN-I-ssi-eo-h-{I-X-Ifpw kqàs¯ kpµ-c-am-¡p-¶p-v. Bdmw ]Zyw DZm-l-c-W-ambn Nqn-¡m-«mw. ASp¯ sNdnb kqà-k-am-lmcw (8. 23-þ26) hniz-a-\kv sshbizztâXmWv þ Aán (23), C{µ³ (24), an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ, (25), Aizn-IÄ, hmbp (26) F¶n-hÀ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-h. hyizþssh-b-iz-i-_vZ-§fpw (htcm) kpjm-a-i-_vZhpw ]te-S¯pw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. 23-þmw kqà-¯n Ihn bÚ¯nsâ Hcp-¡-§Ä¡v kzbw DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¨psImp (1-þ2 ]qÀhmÀ[w) XpS-§p-¶p. 24-þmw ]Zy-¯n Cu kzbwkwt_m-[\ Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. Aán-bpsS ]¦v Cu kmaq-ly-k- µÀ`-¯n tKm{X-§-fpsS tKm{X-]-Xn-bm-bm-Wv (10, 13-þ14, 20). AXn-hn-]p-e-amb Bcy-b-Ú-k-ap-Zm-b- ¯nsâ ]pcm-hr-¯-Øm-]-I³ a\p (13, 17, 25-þ26), Ejn-Ihn Di-\kv Imhy³ (17), Ihn-bpsS sXm«p- ap³]pÅ ]qÀhn-I³ hyiz Ejn (16, 23), htcm kpjm-amhv (28) apXembn ]ecpw kvacn¡s¸-Sp-¶p. Npcp- ¡-¯nÂ, a\p-hnsâ ]n·p-d-¡m-cpsS \o Ncn-{Xhpw kmaq-ly-_-Ô-§fpw Cu Aánkqà-¯n Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. 24-þmw kqà-¯nse BZys¯ 27 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-h-bm-Wv. Ah-km-\s¯ XrNw (28-þ30) c£n-Xm-hmb htcm kpjm-am-hnsâ Zm\-kvXp-Xn. Zm\-hn-X-c-W-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« Dj-ÊmWv Chn- -sS- kw-t_m-[\ sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ tZh-X. kqà-¯nsâ _m¡n `mK-§Ä Hcp-hn-[w -\à \ne-hm-c-s¸« C{µ-kvXp-Xn-bm-Wv. C{µsâ ""cm[Ên''(D-Zm-c-X)¶mWv {]m[m\yw sImSp-¯n-«p-Å-Xv. Ahsâ iàn-Ifpw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. C{µ-t\m-sSm¸w, CtX Bhiyw {]am-Wn¨v Aán-sbbpw kvXpXn-¡p-¶p- v. 25-þmw kqàw. Cu aWvU-e-¯nse an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ¡p- am-{X-ambn kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« Htc-sbmcp kqà-am-Wn-Xv. CXnse BZy-`mKw (1-þ9) kXy-hm-·m-cmb kmÀh-`u-a-·m-cm-W-h-sc¶p kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. ]¯mw ]Zyw apX aäp tZh-·mcpw klm-bhpw kwc-£-W-hp-am-{K-ln¨p kwL-¯n tNcp-¶p. hnti- jn¨v, BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-sb¶ \ne-bn kqcy³ cp XrN-§-fn (16-þ21) hnj-b-am-hp-¶p. kqà-¯nse Ah-km-\-]-Zy-§Ä (19 apXÂ) Cu cwK-¯n-te-¡pÅ amä-ambn amdp-¶p. 21-þmw ]Zy-¯nse kqcy-t\m-SpÅ kwt_m-[\ Ihn-bpsS ""A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£n-I''sf ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. CXv Ah-km-\-Xr- N-¯n-te-¡pÅ (22-þ24) amäw Ipdn-¡p-¶p. CXmI-s«, [mcmfw IpXn-c-I-fp-sSbpw tXcn-sâbpw Zm\-¯nsâ kvXpXn-b-t{X. ZoÀLhpw GXmv BhÀ¯-\kz-`m-h-hp-apÅXmWv 26-þmw kqàw. BZys¯ 19 ]Zy-§Ä Aizn- IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-hbpw Ah-cpsS tXcns\ bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm\pw ]Icw X§Ä¡p km[-\- §Ä Xcm³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶-hbp-a-t{X. 13-þmw ]Zy-¯nse _nw_-I-ev]\ {it²-bw. Ah-km-\s¯ Bdp ]Zy-§Ä hmbp-hn\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-h. {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n BZyw tkmaw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-h\mWtÃm hmbp. Ah-s\bpw bÚ-¯n-te-¡pÅ bm{Xbv¡pw lhn-Ên-\pÅ {]Xn-^-e-¯n-\p-ambn hnfn-¡p-¶p. hmbp-hns\ cp XhW (21, 22)- Xz-jvSm-hnsâ Pmam-Xm-sh¶p hnti-jn-¸n-¡p-¶Xp {i²n-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. ASp¯ a\p sshh-kz-Xsâ kqà-k-am-lmcw (8. 27-þ31) hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« \mep kqà- §-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. bP-am-\-s\bpw ]Xv\n-sbbpw kvXpXn-¡¶ 32-þmw kqà-amWp XpSÀ¶p-h-cp-¶-Xv. Cu hntiz-tZ-h-kqàw (27) kwt_m-[\ sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ tZh-·msc ap³\nÀ¯n kmam-\y-ambn aq¶p `mK-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. BZys¯ F«p ]Zy-§Ä t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-b-s¸« Iptd tZh-X-Isf hnh-cn-¡p- ¶p. 9þ14 ]Zy-§Ä khn-Xm-hns\ am{Xta ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-Åq (12). Ah-km-\s¯ `mKw (15-þ22) BZn-Xy- ·msc¸än am{Xta ]d-bp-¶p-Åq. bÚ-k-µÀ`hpw kqà-¯n hyà-am-Wv. 28-þm-a-t¯Xv HuÕp-Iym-h-l-amb Hcp eLp-kq-àw. 33 tZh-X-I-fm-sW¶ km{¼-Zm-bn-I-amb IW¡v H¶mw ]Zy-¯n ]d-bp-¶p. Cu Ahy-Xn-cn-à-cmb tZh-·mÀ \½psS hniz-]m-eI-cmbn tXm¶p-¶p-sh¶p aq¶mw ]Zyw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ¡v FÃm B{K-l-§fpw t\Sm³ Ign-bp-sa¶p \memw ]Zyw. aq¶p apJym-Zn-Xy-·m-scbpw _lp-hn-[m-án-I-sfbpw tZh-]-Xv\n-am-scbpw Zm\m-I-¼-Sn-tZ-h-X-I-sfbpw cmw ]Zyw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-]Zyw {]tl-fn-Im-{]m-b-a-t{X. AhnsS Ggp acp-¯p-¡-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]cm-aÀiw ImWmw. kqàw 29. hfsc ZrVhpw k¦oÀW-L-S-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xp-amb Hcp {]tl-fn-Im-kq-àw. Hmtcm {lkz-]-Zyhpw Hmtcm tZhXsb/ tZhXIsf hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, shdp-samcp ]«n-I-b-Ã. BZy-s¯ - Ggp ]Zy-§Ä Hmtcm tZh-X-sbbpw 8þ9 ]Zy-§Ä Cucp tZh-X-I-sfbpw Ah-km-\-t¯Xv ]e-scbpw (a-\p-jy-I-hn-IÄ) Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. a\p-jysc (I-hn-I-sf) tZh-·mÀ¡p Xpey-ambn ImWp¶ Cu at\m- `mhw Gsd ÇmL-\o-b-a-t{X. Cu hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-]c-¼-cbnse Ah-km-\-kqàw (30) hnhn-[-hr-¯-\n-_-²-amb \mep ]Zy-§- fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. a\p sshh-kz-Xsâ Cu eLp-k-am-lm-c-¯nse Ah-km-\-kqàamb CXv (31) ssZÀLyw-sImpw hr¯-an-{iWw sImpw {]ta-b-§ÄsImpw kwbp-à-kz-`m-h-ap-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. B-Zy-s¯- H³]Xp ]Zy-§Ä Htc hnjbw cp Xc-¯n kam-´-c-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. 10þ-14 ]Zy-§Ä ap³]n³_-Ô-an- Ãm-¯-hbpw Nne hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-§sf A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-¶-h-bp-amWv. Ah Nne {]mNo-\-tZ-h-k-aq-l- §sf kwc-£-W-¯n-\p hn-fn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ \mep ]Zy§Ä (15-þ18) bP-am-\-\pÅ t\«-§-fpw- aäpw s]mXp-hn ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. kqàm-cw-`-¯n-se, hnti-jn¨v 5þ9 ]Zy-§Ä bÚ-¯n bP-am-\-]- Xv\n-bpsS ]¦m-fn¯w ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-sh¶ \ne-bn {it²-b-§-fm-Ip-¶p. 32-þ34 kqà-§Ä sNdn-sbmcp kam-lm-c-am-Wv. CXnse aq¶p kqà-§fpw C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p- ¶p. Ch-bn IqS-¡q-sS- I-Wz-·m-sc -]-cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. 32-þmw kqàw C{µsâ al-¯mb IÀa-§-sf kvXpXn- ¡m³ IWz-I-hn-Isf hn-fn-¡p-¶-tXm-Sp-IqSn kqàw XpS-§p-¶p. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (2-þ3) C{µsâ Gsd {]kn-²-c-Ãm¯ i{Xp-¡-fpsS taepÅ hnP-b-s¯-¡p-dn¨v XnSp-¡-¯n-semcp ]«nI X¿m-dm-¡p-¶p. Cu {]tabw Nne amä-§-tfmsS Ah-km\w (23-þ27) hopw hcp-¶p. CS-bv¡pÅ ]Zy-§-fn C{µ-t\mSv {]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-fpsS bÚ-§-fn t]mImsX Xsâ- tkm-a-b-Ú-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡m\pw H¸w k¼¯pw klm-bhpw \ÂIm \pw A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. 16-þmw ]Zy-¯n bP-am-\-·mcpsSbpw bÚw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶- hsâbpw ]c-kv]-c-apÅ IS-a-IÄ at\m-l-c-ambn {]I-Sn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. 33-þmw- kq-àw. BZys¯ ]Xn-\©p ]Zyw-hsc C-{µs\ tkma-b-Ú-¯n\p hnfn-¡p-¶Xpw Ahsâ AXn-{I-an-¡p¶ iànsb kvXpXn-¡p-¶Xpw Ah-t\mSp sImÅ-ap-X-en\v At]-£n-¡p-¶-Xp-amb Hcp km[m-c-W-kq-à-am-Wv. C{µsâ \nÝbw IqS-¡qsS ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶pv (5, 6, 13, 14). Ah-km-\s¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä (16-þ19) `n¶-hr-¯-\n-_-²hpw XnI¨pw hyXy-kvX-amb kzc-¯n-ep-Å-Xp-am-Wv. Ch-bpsS hymJym\w ]e Xc-¯nepw ImWp-¶p. 34-þmw kqà-¯nse BZys¯ ]Xn-\©p ]Zy-§Ä ZrV-amb cq]-L-S-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv. Hmtcm ]Zy- ¯n-sâbpw D¯-cmÀ[w ]Ã-hn-bm-Wv. ]e-t¸m-gpw- AXv ]qÀhmÀ[m-i-b-§Ä¡-\p-Kp-W-am-bn-öp hcpw. C{µ-s\- ¡p-dn-¨mWv ]qÀhmÀ[-sa-¦n D¯-cmÀ[w aäp tZh-·m-sc-¡-pdn¨v, an¡-hm-dpw -a-cp-¯p-¡-sf-¡p-dn-¨v, B-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. 16-þ18 ]Zy-§Ä hkp-tcm-Nn-Ênsâ Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bm-Wv. C{µ\pw Ihnbpw KpW-t`m-à-m-¡-fmbn hÀWn- ¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ \mep kqà-§Ä (8. 35-þ38) iymhmiz ssat{X-b-tâ-Xm-Wv. 35-þmw kqàw Aizn-Isf [mcmfw aäp tZh-·m-tcm-sSm¸w X§-fpsS bÚ-¯nepw lhn-Êp-I-fnepw ]s¦-Sp-¡m\pw ]Icw Zm\-§Ä \ÂIm\pw £Wn- ¡p¶p. 16-þ18 ]Zy-§-f-S-§p¶ XrNw Gähpw ck-I-c-am-Wv. {_mÒ-W-þ-£-{Xn-b-þ-ssh-iy-hÀW-§-fpsS kqN- \tb ChnsS ImWp-¶p-Åq. NmXpÀhÀWyw cq]-s¸-«p-h-¶n-«n-Ãm-bn-cn-¡mw. kqàw 36. Bdp hcn-I-fpÅ BZys¯ Bdp iIz-co-]-Zy-§fn BZy-]m-Z-sam-gn¨p ]eXpw ]Ã-hocq-]- ¯n-em-Wv. Gtggp ]Zy-§-fpÅ CXpw XpSÀ¶pÅ kqàhpw AXp-t]m-se-¯-s¶. cn-sebpw A´n-a-]-Zy- §Ä GXmv Hcpt]m-se-bm-sW¶p ]d-bmw. {_mÒ-WÀ¡pw £{Xn-bÀ¡pw thn-bp-Å-h-bWo a{´-§-sf¶p kqN-\-bp-v. ap³ kqà-¯n ]c-aÀin-¨-Xp-t]mse NmXpÀhÀWy-¯n iq{ZÀ hcp-t¶-bn-Ã. ChnsS sshiy- scbpw ImWp-¶n-Ã. C{µ³ acp-¯p-¡-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv Cu iym-hm-iz-kq-à-]Ã-hn-I-fn (6-þ7) {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶- Xv. kqàw 37. ap³kq-à-¯nsâ Bap-J-¯n NÀ¨-sN-bvX-Xp-t]m-se, CXnse A´n-a-]Zyw (7) £{Xn-b- hÀW-¯n-tâ-Xm-sW¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ap³kq-à-am-Is« ]ptcm-ln-X-hÀW-¯n-tâ-Xm-Ip-¶p ({_m-Ò-WÀ). CXn `c-W-Im-cyhpw ssk\n-I-i-ànbpw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqàw 38. Cu efn-X-amb kqàw LS-\-sIm-p-X-s¶ -\nÀh-Nn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. aq¶p XrN-§-fn Hmtcm- ¶n\pw {]tXyIw ]Ã-hn-bm-Wv. ]¯mw- ]Zyw thdn-«p-\n¡p-¶p. AXnepw aäp-Å-h-sb-t¸mse C{µm-án-I-sf- ¡p-dn-¨pÅ kwt_m-[-\-bp-s-¦n-epw. DÅ-S¡w XnI¨pw tkma-b-Ú-]-cw. cp tZh-·m-scbpw Ihn bÚ- ¯n-te¡p hcm\pw AXm-kz-Zn-¡m\pw £Wn-¡p-¶p. H³]Xmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn-bpsS t]cv ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp- ¶p-v. ASp¯ \mep kqà-§Ä (8. 39-þ42) \m`mI ImWzsâ hI-bm-Wv. 39-þmw kqà-¯n kzÀK-¯n\pw `qan- ¡p-an-S-bn ZqX-s\¶ \nebv¡pw tZh-·mÀ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡p-an-S-bn a[y-Ø-s\¶ \nebv¡pw Aán-bpsS ]¦n\v Du¶Â sImSp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p. IqSmsX Ahsâ- b-Ú-]-c-amb ]¦pw Ihn F¶ \ne-bn-epÅ X\n-abpw ]e Ipdn ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (1, 7, 9). cmw ]Zy-¯n-sem-gnsI ]Ãhn AÀY-]-c-ambn tNcp-¶n-sÃ-¶Xp {i²n- ¡p-I. an¡ C{µm-án-kq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶pw hyXykvX-ambn, C{µ\pw Aán¡pw {]tXy-I-amb kzmX{´yw 40-þmw kqà-¯n In«p-¶p. F¶mepw C{µ\p {]m[m\yw h¶n-«p-v. ]e ]Zy-§-fnepw C{µ³ am{Xta ]cm-aÀin¡s¸- Sp-¶p-Åq (2, 5, 6, 9. 10). DÅS¡w an¡-hmdpw C{µ\p tNcp-amdv ssk\n-I-am-Wv. Hcp-]-t£, \m`-mI-]-Ã-hn-¡mWv Gä-hp-a-[nIw tNcp-I. shÅs¯ apà-am-¡p-¶Xpw t\Sp-¶Xpw ]e ]Zy-§-fnepw hmgv¯-s¸-Sp-¶p-v (5, 8, 10/11). hcp-W\p am{X-ambn kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« 41-þmw kqàw {]]-©-¯nsâ {kjvSmhpw temI-¯n\p cq]w sImSp- ¯-h-\p-ambn tZh-s\ -sIm-m-Sp-¶p. BZn-a-amb {]]-©-km-{am-Py-§sf Øe-]-c-ambn Af-¡p-Ibpw {]]-©- km-{am-Py-§sf ]nSn¨p-\nÀ¯p-Ibpw thÀXn-cn-¡p-Ibpw (4, 10) Ime-]-c-ambn cm¸-I-ep-Isf hyh-Ø-s¸-Sp- ¯pIbpw (3, 10) sNbvXXv Ah-\-t{X. kqcy-N-{µ-·mÀ Ahsâ "Imcy-Ø·m'cmbmWv {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶Xv (9). a\p-jy-scbpw {]Ir-Xn-sbbpw `uXn-I-ambn kwc-£n-¡p-¶-Xnepw hcp-W³ {]Xn-Úm-_-²-\mWv (3, 4, 7). hcpW\v ]n¡m-e¯v shÅ-hp-am-bpmb _Ô-¯nsâ At\Iw kqN-\-IÄ kqà-¯n-ep-v. Ah\p Xsâ- Ggp ktlm-Z-cn-am-cmb \Zn-I-fp-am-bpÅ ASp¸w (2), Ah-bpsS taepÅ \nb-{´Ww (9), Ah³ ""cl-ky-k- ap{Z''amsW¶ A`n-¶-h¡-cWw (8) F¶nh t\m¡p-I. `b-¦-c-amb \m`m-I-]-Ã-hn hcp-Wsâ {]Ir-X-hp-ambn H«pw s]mcp-¯s¸Sp¶n-söp khn-tijw {it²-bw. \m`m-I-]-c-¼-c-bnse Cu A´n-a-kqàw (42) hmkvX-h-¯n cp kqà-§-fm-Wv. Imc-W-§Ä hr¯-]- chpw hnj-b-]-c-hpw. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä {XnjvSp-¸-ep-ÅXpw hcp-W\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-h-bp-am-sW-¦n ASp¯ aq¶v A\p-jvSp-¸n-ep-ÅXpw Aizn-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n-X-hp-a-t{X. ap³ kqà-¯nsâ a«p Xs¶-bm-Wn-Xn- ¶pw. Hcp k¦oÀW-X-bp-an-söp hnti-jw. Aizn-Isf tkma-]m-\-¯n\p hnfn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. Cu cmw `mK- -¯nÂam-{Xta \m`m-I-]-Ãhn ImWp-¶p-Åq. 43-þmw kqà-¯n XrN-§Ä X½n ]d-b¯¡ -s]m-cp¯w ImWp-¶n-Ã. D]-cn-X-e-¯n {]k¶-amWv kqà-sa-¦nepw s]mXp-hn CXv \nÀWm-b-I-amb Aán-kvXp-Xn-b-Ã. Ihnbpw kl-b-P-am-\-·mcpw IqS-¡q-sS - A-ánsb Cu ]¦nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯n \nÀ_-Ôn¨v hnfn-¡p-¶p-v. ]t£, kqà-¯n-sâ- B-Zy-`m-K¯v (3-þ10) Aán-bp-sSbpw Aán-I-fp-sSbpw at\m-l-c-amb kzm`m-hn-I-hÀW\ ImWmw. 14, 16 ]Zy-§-fn Ihnbpw Ihn- bmb Aánbpw X½n-epÅ _Ôp-Xz-¯n Du¶p-¶p. kqàm-´y-`m-K-¯v, hn]p-e-amb Bcy-k-ap-Zm-b-¯nse hnhn-[-tKm-{X-§-sfbpw IpSn-tb-ä-§-sfbpw GIo-I-cn-¡p¶ -tI{µ-sa¶ \ne-bn Aán-bpsS ]¦v shfn-s¸-Sp- ¶p. 44-þ-epw, ap³kq-à-s¯-¸än ]d-ª-Xp-t]m-se, XrN-§Ä X½n ]d-b¯¡ -s]m-cp¯w ImWp-¶n-Ã. Aán- bpsS bÚ-]-c-amb [Àa-am-Wv ap-Jy-{]-ta-bw. {]tNm-Zn-X-I-hn (10, 12, 21, 29)-, Ejn-Ihn (7, 12, 21, 26, 30) F¶o \ne-Ifn-epÅ Ahsâ ]¦pw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]t£, kqà-¯n\p hyà-amb hnImkw ImWp-¶n-Ã. an¡ ]Zy-§fpw km[m-c-W-amb hnh-c-W-§fpw tZh-kwt_m-[-\-I-fpta BIp-¶p-Åq. 45-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xpw (1-þ3) HSp-§p-¶Xpw (40-þ42) ]Ã-hok-ta-X-amb -XrN§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. ap¸Xmw ]Zy-¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡--s¸« {Xntim-I-\mWv Ihn-sb¶v A\p-{I-aWn ]d-bp-¶p. BZy-s¯ -cp ]Zy-§Ä bÚ- ¯n ]nip-¡pÅ Hcm-sf-¸-än-bmWv ]d-bp-¶-sX-¦nepw thK-¯n ssk\n-Ihpw aÕ-c-]-c-hp-amb coXn-bn-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. AXm-Is« kqàm´yw hsc \ne-\n¡p-Ibpw sN¿p--¶p. C{µ³ i{Xp-¡sf \in-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\v ]e `b-¦-c-amb amÀK-§fpw DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (D-Zm. 8). km[-\-§Ä Ab-¨p-X-cm-\pÅ At]-£-bmWv ]te-S¯pw ( DZm. 15). tkmaw IpSn-¡m\pw X§-fpsS {ia-§sf klm-bn-¡m\pw (14) kar²amb Zm\-§Ä \ÂIm\pw ((12) C{µ-sâ -{]m-No-\-IÀa-§sf hmgv¯m\pw (25-þ30) Ihn CSw Is-¯p-¶p-v. ]Xn-hn-Ãm¯ Nne khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw Cu kqàw Imgv¨-sh-¡p-¶p. C{µ-sâ- iàn F§s\ D]-tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-S-psa¶ Bi¦ Ihn {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Xsâ-bpw kJm-¡Ä¡pw t\sc-Xs¶ Ah³ Xncn-tª-¡ptam F¶ `bw Ihn tcJ-s¸- Sp-¯p-¶-Xmbn ImWmw (10). a\-Ên-ep-ÅXp apgp-h³ {]mhÀ¯n-I-am-¡-cp-sX¶ C{µ-t\m-SpÅ A`yÀY-\bpw (31-þ35) {it²-b-a-t{X. X§-tfmSp Zb Im«-W-sa¶p H¶n-e-[nIw XhW Ihn At]-£n-¡p-¶p (31, 33). X§Ä Ht¶m ctm aqt¶m Gsdtbm Ipdn sXäp sNbvXmepw sImÃ-cp-sX¶ ]cm-aÀiw (34) C{µ-`bw Ihnsb F{X- t¯mfw _m[n-¨p-sh-¶-Xnsâ hyà-amb kqN-\-bm-Wv. P\n-¨-bp-Ss\ C{µ³ hnsÃ-Sp-¯Xpw km[y-X-bpÅ i{Xp-¡-sf-¸än A½-tbmSmcm-bp-¶Xpw A´n-a-hn-Pbw Ah-¶m-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶v A½ ]d-bp-¶XpsaÃmw C{µsâ _mey-Im-e-kw-`-h-§-fm-sW-¦nepw hoc-ckw Ic-I-hn-bp-¶-h-b-t{X. C{µ\pw acp-¯p-¡fpw X½n-epÅ kw`m-j- Whpw (37-þ38) \½psS {i²sb lTm-Zm-IÀjn-¡pw. kJy-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« {]kvXm-h-\-IÄ C{µsâ a\p-jy- kz-`mhw IqSp-X hyà-am¡pw (1-þ3, 16, 18). EtKz-Z-¯nÂ- G-ä-hp-a-[nIw hr¯-ssh-hn-[y-apÅ kqà-am-Wv 46-þ-a-t¯-Xv. Ccp-]-tXmfw hr¯-§-fmWv ChnsS \n_-Ôn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. 1þ3, 14-þ16 F¶o ]Zy-§Ä XrN-§-fn kwhn-[m\w sNbvX-h-bm-Wv. cp- Zm- \-kvXp-Xn-IÄ cn-S-§-fn-embn kvYm\w ]nSn-¡p-¶p. DÅ-S-¡-¯n-epw -kqàw "]e-hI'bn s]Sp-¶p. XpS¡w sXm«p Ipd¨p `mKw (20 ]Zy-§Ä) C{µ-kq-à-¯nsâ coXn ssIs¡m-Åp-¶p. FÃm Xc-¯n-epÅ Zm\-§fpw C{µ-t\mSv A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. Cu C{µ-JWvUw Ign-ªmÂ, _m¡n 13 ]Zy-§Ä GXmv Xpey-amb aq¶p-hn-`m-K- §-fmbn IW-¡m-¡mw. 21-þ24, 29-þ33 F¶n-§s\ cp Zm\-kvXp-Xn-IÄIqSn 9 ]Zy-§Ä. {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ hmbp-hn\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« ]Zy-§-fnepw Zm\w apJy-`m-Kw-X-s¶. Zm\-kvXp-Xn-I-fn ]ip-¡fmW- [n-Ihpw hcp-¶-Xv. a¨n-¸-ip-¡-fp-ap-v. Zm\hpw IoÀ¯nbpw X½n-epÅ Imcy-Im-c-W-_Ôw CSbv¡p NÀ¨ sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. hmbp-J-WvU-¯n hmbp-hn-sâ- b-Ú-bm{X (25-þ28) hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Xm³ kzbw Zm\w sN¿p- Itbm Ihn¡p Zm\w sN¿m³ c£n-Xm-¡sf t{]cn-¸n-¡p-Itbm BWv hmbp-hn-sâ -{]-[m-\-]-¦v. -47-þmw kqà-¯nsâ aq¶n cp `mKw hsc (12) -B-Zn-Xy-·m-tcmSp kmam-\y-amb tZmj-§-fnÂ\n¶p s]mXp-hmb klm-b-¯n-\pw kwc-£-W-¯n-\p-apÅ A`yÀY-\-I-fm-Wv. ]Ã-hn-bn AXp {]Xn-^-en-¡p-¶p-v. ]Ã-hn-bm-Is« Ah-km-\-]-Zyw-hsc AtX-t]mse \ne-\n¡p-¶p-ap-v. ]t£ ]Ã-hn-b-Ãm¯ `mK-§Ä Zpxkz- ]v\-§sf Hgn-hm-¡-W-sa¶ At]-£-bn tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. A§-Ise \ngÂcq-]-¯n ImWm-hp¶ {XnX B]vXy-t\m-SmWv B At]-£. Zpxkz-]v\-§-fp-ambn {XnX B]vXy\v F´mWp _Ô-sa¶p ]pcm-hr¯w hni- Zo-I-cn-¨p-Im-Wp-¶n-Ã. Km{Xm-e-¦m-c-§-fp-ambpw (15) `£-Whpw {]hr-¯n-bp-amtbm (16) DÅ _Ô-¯nsâ IYbpw AXp-X-s¶. Cu Zpxkz-]v\-Zq-co-I-c-W-¯n\v {XnX B]vXy\pthn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶Xv Dj-Êm-sW¶p ImWp¶p (14-þ16, 18). Dd-¡-¯nse Zpxkz-]v\-§Ä Ab-YmÀY-§-fm-sW¶p \s½ t_m[y-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xv ]pe-cn-bnse \Stkma- ]-h-am\\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« H³]Xmw aWvU-e-¯n\p ]pd¯v, tkma\p kaÀ¸n¡s¸«, hnhÀ¯-\-§-fn-eqsS {]kn-²-am-b, 48-þmw kqà-am-Wn-Xv. ChnsS tkmasam-cp-¡p-¶-Xà hnj-bw. Ggmw ]Zy-¯nse Hcp ]cm-aÀita AtX¡p-dn-¨p-f-fq. tkma-¯n-sâ- ^-e-§-fmWv apJy-hn-j-bw. 4, 5, 10, 12 ]Zy-§-fn tkma-]m\w {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡th CXp hcpw. ka-\-´-c^ew Bß-Xr-]vXnbpw kuJy-hpw-X-s¶. Cu D·m-Z-¯nsâ _lnx-kv^p-cWw aq¶mw ]Zy- -¯n ImWmw. tkmaw Hcp-Xcw Øe-t_m-[hpw AXn-cn-Ãm-bvabpw D¸m-Zn-¸n-¡p¶p (1, 2, 5). AtX-k- abw IpSn-¡p-¶-hsâ ico-c-¯n HXp-§p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p (2, 9, 10). ""BbpÊp \o«m-\pÅ'' \nc-´-c-amb A`yÀY\ (4, 7, 10, 11) Cu Øe-hn-Im-ks¯ Ime-¯n-te-¡p-IqSn hym]n-¸n-¡-em-Wv. C{]-Imcw tkmaw DuÀP- a-t{X. AXv IpSn-¡p-¶-h\v CXv \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ]t£, kqà-¯nsâ cmw ]Ip-Xn-bn Cu `mhw a§p-¶Xp ImWmw. Ihn tkmas¯ kwc-£-I\pw Zbm-ep-hmb kJm-hp-am-sbms¡ ImWp-¶p-s-¦nepw B kwc-£Ww Xcp¶ `oj-Wn-Ifpw ImWm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. ]pd-¯p-\n-¶p-Å-hbpw (8) Xsâ-Xs¶ {]hr-¯n-Ifpw (9) tkmaw Xs¶bpw (10). Ah-km\w Cu `o-j-Wn-IÄ CÃm-Xm-Ip-¶-Xmbn ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw (11) B {]kcn- ¸nsâ `mh¯n\p `wKta¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ah-km-\s¯ Ipd¨p ]Zy-§Ä (12-þ14) IqSp-X bÚ-]-c-X-bn- te¡p \o§p-¶p. tkma-l-hn-cÀ¸-Wm-tLm-jhpw AXp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v ]nXr-¡-fpsS km¶n-[yhpw AhÀXs¶ tkma-]m\w sN¿p-¶-Xp-saÃmw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ]p\ÀP-·-kq-N-\bpw {]Xy£-s¸-Sp-¶p. 8. 49-þ59 kqà-§Ä hme-Jn-ey-kq-à-§-sf-¶-dn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]e Jnekqà-§fpw EtKz-Z-¯n-ep-s¦nepw Cu ]-Xn-s\m-s¶®w EtKz-Z-kwln-Xbn ]c-¼-cm-K-X-ambn CSw ]nSn-¨n-«p-v. ]Z-]mTw apX-emb A\p-_-Ô-§- fn-seÃmw Ch ImWp-¶p-v. ]t£, kmb-W³ Ch hymJym-\n-¨n-«n-Ã. AXpsImp-X-s¶-bm-hWw H. Fw. kn. bpsS ]mT-¯nepw Ch DÄs¸-«n-«n-Ã. Ch-bpsS s]mXp-kz-`mhw aäp kqà-§-fnÂ\n¶pw Gsd-¡psd _me-]m-Tw- t]mse tXm¶n-¡p-¶Xpw AXp-sIm-p-Xs¶ hyXykvXhpamIp-¶p. Cu ae-bm-f-K-Zy-]-cn-`m-j-bnepw C¡m-c-W- §-fm hme-Jn-ey-kq-à-§Ä DÄs¸-Sp-¯p-¶n-Ã. AXp-sIm-v, hme-Jn-ey-kq-à-§-fpÅ ]mT-a-\p-k-cn¨v Adp- ]Xmw kqà-amWv ChnsS \m¸-s¯m³]Xmw kqà-ambn tNÀ¡p-¶-Xv. Aán-bpsS bÚ-¯n-epÅ ]¦mWv 49þmw kqà¯n an¡ ]Zy-§fpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶-Xv. BZys¯ A©p ]Zy-§-fn CXp Øm]n-¡p-¶p. Krl-hp-ambpw tKm{X-hp-ambpw Aán-¡pÅ ASp¯ _Ôw asämcp {]ta-b-am-Ip-¶p. CXn-sâ -^-e-am-bn, Cu iàn-Isf _mly-`o-j-Wn-I-fnÂ\n¶p c£n-t¡ Npa-X-ebpw Aán- bn- h¶p-s]-Sp-¶p. 6þ10, 12-þ14, 19-þ20 F¶o ]Zy-§Ä t\m¡p-I. GXmbmepw k¼-¯n\pw klm-b-¯n\pw thn-bpÅ ]Xn-hp-{]mÀY-\-IÄ CXn-en-Ã. tkma-\pÅ £W-t¯msS 50-þmw kqàw XpS-§p-¶p (1-þ3). Ihn, s]mSp-¶-\t-h, C{µ³ \ÂIp¶ Zm\- ¯n-te¡p Xncn-bp¶p. F«mw ]Zyw-hsc Cu {]ta-b-amWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. ChnsS- b-Ú-k-µÀ`w Xncn-¨p- h-cp-¶p. 11-þ12 ]Zy-§fn bP-am-\-·mÀ C{µ-s\-k-Jm-hmbn \pI-¯n sI«m³ B{K-ln-¡p-¶p. i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶p c£ t\Sm³ AhÀ C{µsâ tkh\w tXSp-¶p (13, 15-þ18). 51þmw kqàw. kvXpXn-bnepw bÚ-¯nepw C{µsâ k´p-jvSn-(1, 4, 6)bn Du¶p¶ {]k-¶-e-fn-X-amb C{µ-kq-àw. tZh-\pw- kvtXm-Xm-¡fpw X½n-epÅ hn\n-a-b-t\-«-§fmWv asämcp {]Xn-]m-Zyw. kqàw apt¶-dp- t´mdpw C{µ\pw bP-am-\-·mcpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw ià-am-bn-h-cp-¶-Xm-bn-t¯m-¶p-¶p. BZy-]-Zy-§-fn C{µ³ Xsâ -kn-²n-I-fn Hä-s¸-«-h-\mWv. cmw ]Zy-¯n Ah\p Iq«p-Im-cn-Ã; FÃm IÀa-§fpw Häbv¡p sN¿p-¶p. aq¶n Xr]vXn-I-c-a-Ãm¯ Hcp IpXn-c-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv Ahsâ {]hÀ¯\w! ]t£ Ah³ bÚ-¯n-te¡p h¶Xn-\p-tijw tZh\pw kvtXmXmhpw X½n-epÅ hn\n-a-b-_Ôw ap¶n-te-¡p -h-cp-¶p (5). CXnepw XpSÀ¶pÅ ]Zy-¯nepw C{µ³ tkmaw \ÂIp-¶-h-s\- Xsâ ]¦m-fnbpw Iq«p-Im-c-\p-am-¡p-¶p. D]m-´y-]-Zy-¯n-em-Is« Ihn kzbw Cu _Ôhpw AXnsâ ^ehpw (C-{µsâ Hä-s¸-S Hgn-hm-IÂ) Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯nse ]Ãhn sam¯-¯n-epÅ {]km-Zm-ß-I-amb A´-co£w {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶p. efn-X-amb ap³kq-às¯ At]-£n¨v ITn-\hpw k¦oÀW-hp-amWv 52-þmw kqàw. CXp a\x-]qÀh-am- sW¶mWp tXm¶p-¶-Xv. kqà-¯nsâ LS-\, ]t£, efn-X-am-Wv. \mep XrN-§-fn-tem-tcm¶pw {]tXyIw {]tab- §Ä ssIImcyw sN¿p-¶p. kqàw th\s\ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨p-sImp XpS-§p-¶p. tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw a\p-hn- sâbpw ""IeÀ¸m''bn«mWv th\-s\- Nn-{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu th\³ tZh-·mÀ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡p-an-S-bn bÚ- ¯n a[y-ØX hln-¨-h-\m-bn-cn-¡mw. AXn Ch³ Aán-bm-hm³ km[y-X-bp-v. cmw-]-Zyw- b-Ú-k- ¶mlw Dd-¸p- h-cp-¯p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n C{µ³ BZy-abn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. he-Kpl Xpd-¶-h-s\¶ ]¦n- em-Wn-Xv. Cu ]pcm-h-r¯-]-cm-aÀiw Dj-Êns\ HmÀan-¸n-¡p-Ibpw ka-Im-en-I-amb bÚ-¯n-sâ -k-abw kqNn- ¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C{]-Imcw BZy-XrNw {]mXx-k-h-\-cwKw Øm]n-¡p-¶p. cmw XrNw (4-þ6) C{µs\ B bÚ-¯n-te¡p hnfn-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw XrNw (7-þ10) ]©-P-\-§-sf¶ i{Xp-¡sf IogS¡n-b-Xp(7)Äs¸sSbpÅ C{µsâ hoc-IÀa-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨-mWv. hnjvWp-thm-sSm¸w Fap-j-¸-¶nsb sIm¶Xv (9) ChnsS hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. F«mw ]Zyw s]mXp-hn C{µ-sâ- ho-c-IÀa-§-sf-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. Ahn-sS- ""N-{I-hÀ¯-\''-s¯-¡pdn¨p ]cm-aÀi- ap-v. Ah-km-\s¯ XrNw (10-þ12) acp-¯p-¡-sfbpw C{µ-\p-ambn _Ô-s¸« aäp tZh-·m-scbpw s]mXp-hmbn klm-b-¯n-\p-thn hnfn-¡p-¶p. 53-þmw kqàw. At§-b-äs¯ emfn-Xyw- sImv Iem-in-ev]-]qÀWamb Hcp kqàw. ssienbpw inev]hpw hmIy-hn-\ym-k-hp-saÃmw EPp-kp-µ-cw. \mep XrN-§-fm-Wn-XnÂ. BZy-t¯Xv (1-þ3)- C-{µ-t\mSp Zm\-§Ä¡pw i{Xp-¡Äs¡-Xnsc klm-b-¯n\pw bmNn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-sâ- A-Xyu-¶-Xys¯ hmgv¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. cm- -a-t¯Xv (4-þ6) Ahs\ bÚ-¯n\p hnfn-¡p-¶p. ASp-¯Xv (7-þ9) C{µs\¸än Adn-bm-\p-Å-sXÃmw tNmZn- ¡p-Ibpw Ah³ aäp bÚ-§-fn kw_-Ôn-¡m³ km[y-X-bp-s¶v Duln-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. A´n-a- XrNw (10-þ12) Ahs\ sXm«p-ap³]v ]ngn-sª-Sp¯ tkma-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 54-þmw kqàw Ihn, hr¯w, ]Zy-kwJy F¶n-h-bn ap³kq-à-¯n\p Xpeyw. ]t£, ssien-bnepw aäpw Aev]w Nne hyXym-k-§Ä kq£n¨p t\m¡n-bm ImWmw. CXnse \memas¯ XrNw (10-þ12) Hcp Zm\-kvXp- Xn-bm-sW-¶Xpw FSp¯p]d-tb--Xp-v. 55-þmw kqàw 8. 50-þ54 (C-{µ)-kq-à-§sf At]-£n¨v ssZÀLy-ap-Å-Xm-Wv. kqà-¯nsâ {]mY-an-I-{]- tabw tkma-b-Ú-¯n-\v C{µ-¶pÅ £W-am-Wv. C{µsâ k-lm-b-¯n-\p-th-n-bpÅ hnfn-tbm-sS- kqàw Bcw- `n-¡p¶p (1). XpSÀ¶v bÚ-l-hn-Êp-I-fpsS hnh-c-W-amWv (5-þ8, 11-þ12). aäp-Å-h-cpsS bÚ-§-sf-b-Ã, Xtâ-Xn- s\-bmWv C{µ³ hcn-¡pI F¶ ]Xn-hp-{]-Xo£ 12-þ ImWmw. ]Xn-s\m¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ihn X§-Ä ASp¯ Ime¯v bÚw-I-gn-¡m-\m-cw-`n-¨-h-cm-sW¶pw AXn-\m ]hn-{X-a-{´-§fpw aäpw-\q-X-\hpw A{ip-X-]qÀh-hp- am-sW¶pw C{µ³- C-Xn Ahiyw ]s¦-Sp-t¡--Xm-sW¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. C{µ-sâ -i-ànbpw Ah-sâ-kvtXmXm- ¡Ä¡pÅ k-lm-bhpw CS-bn ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶pv (2-þ4, 9þ10). Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯nÂ, Cu Ihn-bp-sS -tKm- {X-¯nÂs¸-Sp¶ Ien-IÄ tkmaw ]ngn-ªm FÃm `oj-Wn-Ifpw A{]-Xy-£-am-bn-s¡m-Åp-sa¶p ]bp-¶Xp tIÄ¡mw. 56-þmw kqà-¯n an¡ BZn-Xy-kq-à-§-fn-ep-ap-Å-Xn-t\-¡mÄ Ihn CXn BZn-Xy-·m-tcm-Spw Ah-cp-sS - A½ AZn-Xn-tbmSpw A`-b-¯n\pw ]e A]-I-S-§-fnÂ\n¶pw i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶pw kwc-£-W-¯n\pw X§Ä¡pw X§-fpsS ]n·p-d-¡mÀ¡pw XpSÀ¶pÅ Pohn-X-¯n\pw thn bmNn-¡p-¶p. (10-þ12,14-þ18) 57-þmw kqà-¯n\p cp `mK-§Ä. CXv C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« \mep XrN-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn (1-þ12) XpS-§p- ¶p. Hmtcm XrN¯nsebpw BZys¯ ]Zyw A\p-jvSp-¸nepw XpSÀ¶pÅ cs®w Kmb-{Xn-bnepw. 13þm-as¯ ]Zyw ap³]-Zy-§-fpsS Bibw XpS-cp-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ Bdp ]Zy-§Ä Zm\-kv-Xp-Xn-IÄ DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ amaqÂcq-]-¯n-epÅ C{µ-`mKw C{µsâ iànbpw Icp¯pw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Zm\-\-kvXp-Xn-IÄ ]Xn-hp-k-{¼-Zm-b-¯n¯-s¶. c£n-Xm-¡sf ZpÊq-N-\-s¸-Sp¯m-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶-h\p-t]mepw AXn\p km[y-a- sö hkvXpX ChnsS tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p (19). 58-þmw kqà-s¯-¸än ]e A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-§Ä \ne-hn-ep-v. Pman-k¬, shÀUÀ«³ F¶n-h-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-¯n kqàw cp ]mXn-I-fmbn Xncn-bp¶p: 1þ9, 10-þ18. cpw Cucp XrN-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p (1- þ6, 10-þ15). C{µ\pw Ihnbpw X½n-epÅ kJy-s¯- hm-gv¯p¶ Ggm-a-s¯bpw 16-þ-a-s¯bpw Hmtcm ]Zy-w (7, 16) -C-hsb ]n´p-S-cp-¶p. {]nb-ta-[³ C{µ\p \ÂIp¶ lhn-Êns\ kw_-Ôn¨ Cucp ]Zy-§Ä (8-þ9, 17-þ18) XpSÀ¶p hcp-¶p. Cucp ]mXn-IÄ X½n kam-´-c-Xbpw ImWmw. 59-þm-a-t¯Xv hnhn-[-hr-¯-k-¦oÀWamb asämcp kqàw. hr¯-]-c-amb Cu sshhn[yw {]ta-b-]-c-amb hn`m-K-§-fp-ambn H¯p-t]m-Ip-¶p. _rl-Xo-þk-tXm-_r-lXohr-¯-\n-_-²-amb BZy-s¯ -Bdp ]Zy-§Ä C{µsâ Ak-am-\-amb iànsb AXy-àn-]-c-ambn kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. kvXpXn-sImv Ahs\ {]iw-kn-¨-tijw Ihn _rl- Xo-\n-_-²-amb XrN-`m-K-§-fn (7-þ12) C{µ-t\mSp ]Xn-h-`yÀY-\-IÄ \S-¯p¶p. Ah-sâ- D-Zm-cX ImWn-¡m\pw Xs¶ kvXpXn-¡msXbpw Bcy-amÀKw -]n-´p-Scm-sXbpw Ign-bp¶ a\p-jys\ in£n-¡m\pamWv C{µ³ {ian- ¡p-I. 11-þmw ]Zy-¯n Cu No¯ a\p-jy³ GsXÃmw coXn-bn kXy-¯nÂ\n¶p hyXn-N-en-¡p-¶p-sh¶p hyà-am-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (13-þ15) Bt£-]-lm-ky-\nÀ`-c-amb ic iuc-tZ-hysâ Zm\- kvXp-Xn. 60-þmw kqàw. {lkz-am-b- Bw-Kn-c-k-k-am-lm-c-¯nse (8. 60-þ64) Ah-km-\-kq-à-am-Wn-Xv. CXn\p cp `mK-§Ä: Kmb-{Xo-\n-_-²-amb 1þ9 ]Zy-§fpw (1-þ3 XrN-§Ä) _rlXo/ktXm-_r-l-Xo-\n-_-²-amb 10-þ15 ]Zy- §fpw ({]-Km-Y-IÄ). BZy-s¯ -H³]Xp ]Zy-§Ä `à-\p-thn FÃm- X-c-¯n-epÅ tZmj-§-fnÂ\n¶pw `oj- W-i-àn-I-fnÂ\n¶pw, {]tXy-In¨p a\pjy-cn \n¶v, Aán-tbmSp kwc-£Ww bmNn-¡p-¶p. tZh-s\¶ \ne- bn Aán-bpsS iàn-bn kqàw Du¶p-¶p. Aán Ah-sc- bYmÀlw in-£n-¡p-Itbm AhÀ¡p {]Xn- ^ew\ÂIp-Itbm sN¿p-¶p. cmw `mKw ssieo-]-c-amb Imcy-§-fn-emWv Du¶n-¡m-Wp-¶-Xv. bÚ`-ànbpw {]mÀY-\-I-fpw- tZ-hsâ Zm\-§fpw klm-bhpw Chn-sS -{]m-apJyw t\Sp-¶p. Aán-bmWv 61-þmw kqà-¯nsâ tZh-X-sb¶p ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw AXn\v Dt]mÂ_-e-I-amb sXfn-hp- IÄ CXnse ]Zy-§-fn FSp-¯p-]-d-b-¯-¡-Xmbn H¶pw ImWm-\n-Ã. AXp-sImv lhn-Êp-I-fpsS kvXpXnbmWv tZh-X-sb¶v AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶-XmWv DÅ-S¡w t\m¡p-t¼mÄ i-cn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-I. IS-¦-Y-bpsS kz`m-h-amWv ]e ]Zy-§Ä¡p-ap-Å-Xv. 2þ5 ]Zy-§Ä Aánsb kw_-Ôn-¨m-Wv. 7þ17 ]Zy-§Ä tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-sX-§-s\-- sb¶p hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 62-þmw kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw Htc ]Ãhn BhÀ¯n-¨-Xp-sImv ChnsS HsscIyw ImWm-\p-v. A\yYm CXnsâ LS\ A{X \¶m-sb¶p ]d-bm-\m-hn-Ã. Aizn-I-tfm-SpÅ kmam-\y-amb A`yÀY-\-I-fmWv {]Xn]m-Zyw. Ahsc bÚ-¯n\p £Wn-¡p¶p (1-þ2). Ahn-I-kn-X-amb Nne tNmZy-§fpw {]kvXm-h-\-Ifpw CS-bn-ep-v (D- -Zm. 11-þ12). ]pcm-hr-¯-]camb Ipg-¡p¶ GXm\pw kqN-\-Ifpw ImWmw. Aizn-I-fpsS A{X-nc-£Ww 3, 7þ8 F¶n-h-bn ]cm-aÀin-¨n-«p-v. A-h-cpsS k]vX-h{[n-bp-am-bpÅ _Ôw 9-þep-v. A´y-]-Zy-§-fmb 17-þ18  ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv k]vX-h{[n-bm-sW¶p Nne hym-Jym-Xm-¡Ä¡v A`n-{]m-b-ap-v. 63-þmw kqàw {]ta-b-¯n-epw -hm-Iy-hn-\ym-k-¯nepw sFI-cq-]y-apÅ XrN-§Ä AS-§nbXv. BZys¯ \mep XrN-§fn aqs¶®w kvtXmXm-¡-fpsS kmZ-c-k-ao-]-\-¯n\p hnj-b-amb Aán-bp-sS- kvXp-Xnbpw hnfnbpw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. cm-as¯ XrN-am-Is« (7-þ9) kvtXmXm-hnsâ {]mÀY-\m-]qÀh-amb Nn´ hnj-b-am- ¡p-¶p. Aán ]te-S-¯pw C{µsâ [Àa-§Ä ssIs¡m-Åp-¶-Xmbn kqàw hÀWn-¡p-¶p. hr{X-h[w (4, 9, 12). CXv Ihn-bpsS c£n-Xm-hmb {ipXÀhmhv t\Xm-hmb tKm{X-¯nsâ Aán-bmWv tZhX F¶-Xp-sIm-m- hmw. Aán¡p bÚ-¯n-epÅ ]¦pw Ihn-þ-b-P-am-\-·m-cp-am-bpÅ _ÔhpamWv 64-þmw kqà-¯n-se BZys¯ cp amaqÂcq-]-¯n-epÅ XrN-§-fpsS (1-þ6)- hn-j-bw. ]t£, Ggmw ]Zyw -ap-X ssk\n-Ihpw bpt²m-Õp-I- hp-amb Hcp [mc {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶Xp ImWmw. ]ip-¡-sf -B-{I-an-¡p¶Xn\v cwK-sam-cp-§n-¡-gn-ªp-sh¶p tXm¶pw. hcm³ t]mIp¶ `oj-Wn-Isf t\cn-Sp-¶-Xn\pw hnPbw Dd¸p hcp-¯p-¶-Xn\pw ]ip-¡sf hos-Sp- ¡p-¶-Xn\pw k¼¯p t\Sp-¶-Xn\pw Ihn Aán-bpsS B{Im-a-I-i-àn-Isf D]-tbm-Kn-¡m³ B{K-ln-¡p-¶p (7- þ13). bÚ-¯n-\p klm-b-¯n-\p-th-n-bpÅ A`yÀY-\-I-tfmsS kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. 65. C{µ³ acp-¯-¡-fm AI-¼Sn tkhn-¡-s¸-Sp-I, Ah³ tkma-]m\w sN¿pI F¶ Cc-«-{]-ta-b- ¯nÂ\n¶v Hcn-¡epw hyXn-N-en-¡m¯ Hcp efn-X-kq-àw. BZys¯ H³]Xp ]Zy-§-fnepw acp-¯p-¡Ä C{µsâ kl-bm-{Xn-I-cm-sW¶ ]cm-aÀi-ap-v. tkma-¯n-\pÅ £Ww 4þ9 ]Zy-§-fn ImWmw. hr{X-]p-cm-hr¯w BZy- Xr-N-¯nte ImWp-¶p-Åq. Ah-km-\-Xr-N-¯n acp-Xv]-cm-aÀi-an-Ã. Ah-km-\-Xr-N-¯n-se- B-Zy-]Zyw (10) tkma- ]m\w ]qÀ¯n-bm-sb¶pw ASp¯ ]Zyw (11) C{µ³ Zkypsh h[n-¨p-sh¶pw Ah-km-\-]Zyw (12) kqàw F§s\ \nÀan-¨p-sh¶pw hyà-am-¡p-¶p. am[y-µn-\-k-h\¯n C{µ-t\m-sSm¸w acp-¯p-¡fpw ]s¦-Sp-¡p- ¶Xpw tkma-]m\w \S-¯p-¶Xpw Cu kqà-¯n-ep-v. 66-þmw kqàw {]mY-an-I-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶Xv Ahy-à-am-b- F-ap-j-]p-cm-hr-¯-am-Wv. C{µ-sâ- _m-ey-Im- e-IÀa-§-fn-sem-¶m-Wn-Xv. C{µ³ A½-bp-ambn \S-¯p¶ kw`m-j-W-t¯msS kqàw XpS-§p¶p (1-þ2). 6þ8 ]Zy- §-fnse IY-bp-ambn CXns\ _Ô-s¸-Sp-¯mw. A½sb tNmZyw sN¿p-¶-Xn\p ap³]v C{µ³ _pµ-hn-sÃ-Sp- ¡p¶ IY Chn-sSbpw kqNn-¸n-¨n-«p-s-¦nepw _pµ-i-_vZ-an-Ã. C{µ-sâ- aäp hocIÀa-§Ä 6þ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p- v. 8þmw ]Zy-¯n A½ C{µ-t\mSv hnÃp-sImv Iªn FSp-¡m³ C{µs\ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. H³]Xmw ]Zy- ¯nepw C{µ-IÀa-§Ä kw{K-ln-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-t¯-Xmb 10-þ11 ]Zy-§Ä Acn-¡-ªn- kw-`-cn-¡p-¶-Xn hnjvWp- hnsâ ]¦p {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. 11-þmw ]Zyw _pµ-hn-Ãn-sâbpw AXp ]nSn-¡p-\\ C{µ-_m-lp-hn-sâbpw hmgv¯v. 67-þmw kqàw AXym-{K-l-s¯-¸än {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. BZy-XrNw (1-þ3) C{µ\p \mw hy{K-X-tbmsS AÀ¸n- ¡p¶ lhn-Êp-IÄ Xncn¨p \ap¡p In«m-\pÅ km[-\-§-fpsS ]«nI \nc-¯m-\m-Wv. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nse IÀWm- `-c-W-§Ähsc AXv sNs¶-¯p-¶p. A´n-a-XrNw (7-þ9) C{µ-sâbpw tkma-sâbpw DZm-c-Xsb kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. 9þmw ]Zyw Imay-h-kvXp-¡-fpsS asämcp ]«nI \ÂIp-¶p. `n¶-hr-¯-_-²-amb ]¯mw ]Zyw FÃm-än-s\bpw AXn-i-bn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv: DZm-c-\mb C{µ-t\m-S-t]-£n-¡p-¶-Xv, Xsâ h-b [m\y-k-ar-²-am-¡m-\mWv. Xm³ Acn- hmÄ ssIbn-se-Sp-¡p-¶-Xp-Xs¶ (F-Sp-¡m-¯Xv F¶ hymJym-\-hp-ap-v)- h-b-ense [m\yw sIm¿m-\-Ã. B ]Wn-sbm¶pw X\n-¡m-hn-söp `mhw! ap³t] sImgn-ªp-ho-WtXm sImbvXp Iq«n-btXm Bb [m\y-k-©bw X\n-s¡-¯n¨pX¶m aXn! 68. tkma-a-WvU-e-amb H³]Xmw aWvU-e-¯n\p ]pd-sa-bpÅ ZpÀe`w tkma-kq-à-§-fn-sem-¶v. bÚ- ¯nse tkma-]m-\-amWv CXnse hnj-bw. tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶Xpw (3) ""cP-X-]m-\o-b-ap-Å-h³'' F¶ C{µ-hn- ti-j-Whpw (4) am{Xta aäp ]cm-aÀi-§-fp-Åq. bÚ-tkm-a-¯n\p ]pdsa kÀh-i-à\pw _lp-cp-Nn-bp-amb Znhy-k-lm-bn-bpsS Nn{Xhpw ChnsS \ap¡p ImWmw. hnPbn, hn{]³(-{]-tNm-Zn-X-I-hn) (1); `nj¡v (2); cmXn (Zm\w) (5); \jvSw hnZXv (6. \jvs¸« hkvXp Is-¯p-¶-h³); i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n-¶pÅ c£-I³ (3, 4, 9) F¶o hm¡p-IÄ t\m¡p-I. 69. Ihn¡v C{µ-t\mSpÅ \ne-]mSv A\u-]-Nm-cn-Ihpw ]cn-lmkw IeÀ¶-Xp-am-Wv. {]tXy-In¨v cmw XrN-¯n (4-þ6). F«mw ]Zy-¯n ]´-b-¯n Xsâ -tX-cn-s\- k-lm-bn-¡p-¶-Xn C{µ³ aµ-K-Xn-bn-em-sW¶p Ihn ]cm-Xn-s¸-Sp-¶p. C{µ\v AXyp-¶-X-amb kvXpXn \ÂIp-¶-XnÂ, Ah-km\w Ah³ AXp t\Spw-h-sc, I- hn sshapJyw ImWn-¡p-¶p-sh¶p tXm¶p-¶p. Xm³ kpJ-Zm-Xm-hmbn Bscbpw Xocp-am-\n-¨p-d-¸n-¨n-«nsöp kqNn-¸n-¨p-w A§-s\-bm-Wv C-{µs\ hcn-¡p-¶-sX¶p ]d-ªpw-sIm-mWv Ihn kqàw XpS-§p-¶-Xv. C{µ-s\- kp-J-Zm-Xm-hmbn {]Jym-]n-¡p-sa¶ {]kvXm-h-\-tbmsS D]m-´y-]Zyw Ah-km-\n¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (9). ]¯mw ]Zy-¯n DNn-X-amb {]Xn-^-e-t¯msS Xm³ FÃm tZho-tZ-h-·m-scbpw tkhn-¡p-sa¶v HmÀan-¸n-¡p-¶p. 70. ap³kqàw t]mse A\u-]-Nm-cn-I-hpw th{X _lp-am\w ImWn-¡m-¯-Xp-amWv Chn-sSbpw Ihnbpw C{µ\pw X½n-epÅ s]cp-am-äw. C{µ³ X§Ä¡p km[-\-§Ä ]nSn-¨-S¡n sImp-h¶p Xc-W-sa-¶mWv Bh-iyw. ]Xn-hp-t]mse C{µ-sâ- i-àn-sbbpw DZm-c-X-sbbpw kvXpXn-¡p-¶p-ap-v. A©mw ]Zy-¯n ]ptcm- ln-X-\mbpw kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h-\mbpw {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p-v. 71-þmw kqàw tkma-b-Ú-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡m-\pÅ \nÀ_Ô ]qÀh-amb £W-am-Wv. tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p- ¶-Xnsâ- hnhn-[-L-«-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. efn-X-amb ssien-bn bÚ-k-µÀ`-¯n XnI¨pw tI{µo-I-cn-¨p- sIm-pÅ hÀW-\w. C{µm-K-a\w {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. kzÀK-¯nÂ\n-¶pÅ tkmam-]-l-cW¯n³ ]pcm-hr¯w Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p¶ -Ah-km-\-]Zyw (9) A]-hm-Zw. A´y-XrNw (7-þ9) ]Ã-ho-k-ta-Xw. 72-þmw kqà¯nse BZys¯ cp XrN-§Ä (1-þ6) BZnXy-·msc am{Xta ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-Åq. EPp-hp- am-Wv. BZy-Xr-N-¯n Ihn (1-þ3) klm-b-¯n-\p-thn tZ-h-·m-sc kvXpXn-¡p-Ibpw - cm-a-t¯-Xn (4-þ6) Aaq-ey-h-kvXp-¡Ä Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ XrNw aäp tZh-·m-cn-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. tZh- ·mcpw a\p-jycpw X½n-epÅ _Ôp-Xz-amWv ck-I-c-amb BXy-´n-I-hnj-bw (7-þ8). Cu _ÔpXzw tZh-·msc Ihn HmÀan-¸n-¡p-¶p. AhÀ klm-bhpw km[-\-§fpw Xcm\pÅ {]tNm-Z-\-¯n-\m-hmw. {lkz-e-fn-X-amb 73-þmw kqàw Aán-bpsS `b-¦-c-amb KpW-§-sf-sbm¶pw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ahsâ bÚ-¯nse ]¦m-fn¯w am{X-amWv {]Xn-]m-Z-n-¡p-¶-Xv: \½psS hoSp-I-fnse AXn-Yn-bm-Wh³ (1), Ahs\ tZh-·mcmWv Chn-sS- Øm-]n-¨-Xv (2). kqà-apÄs¡m-Åp¶ ck-I-c-amb tNmZy-§-fmWv CXn-sâ- ap-Jy-amb hiw. cmw XrN-¯n (4-þ6) Ihn \mw Aán¡p sNt¿ tkh-\-§-sf-s´¶pw Ah F§-s\-bm-W-\p-jvTn- t¡--sX¶pw tNmZn-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-XrNw (7-þ9) hopw tNmZy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-¶p. Ihn Aán-bpsS Imhy- {]-tNm-Z-\-¯n-sâ- kzo-IÀ¯m-hm-Ip-¶-sX-§-s\-sb¶Xns\-¸-än-bmWv tNmZyw. tZh\v DNn-X-amb kvXpXn-Km\w cNn-¡p-¶-XmWv Ihnsb kw_-Ôn¨p {][m-\w. 3þ7 ]Zy-§-fn kqà-§-sftbm kvXpXn-I-sftbm ]cm-aÀin- ¡p-¶p. 74-þmw kqàw tZ-h-·m-cpw -a-\p-jycpw X½n-epÅ {]Xn-{]-hÀ¯-\s¯ Gähpw efn-X-amb coXn-bn- Npcp- ¡n¸-dbp-¶p. tZh-·mÀ¡p bÚ-l-hn-Êp-IÄ hmKvZm\w sN¿p¶ ]Ã-hnbpw kqà-¯nsâ _m¡n `mK-§fpw Ihn-bpsS £Whpw tZh-·m-cp-sS- bm-{Xbpw Xncn-¨p-t]m¡pamWv DÅ-S¡w. Ihn Xm³ C¶-bm-fm-sW¶v 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fn ]d-bp-¶p-v. 75-þmw kqà¯n hniz-I-Ihn Aizn-I-tfmSv t\cn«v A`yÀYn-¡p-IbmWv. BZys¯ aq¶ ]Zy-§-f-S-§p¶ XrN-¯n hnizI (hn-jvWzm-]p)-]-cm-aÀi-ap-v. ASp-¯- cp ]Zy-§-fn A´y-h-cn-¸-Ãhn ImWp-¶p. C{µ- t\mSv klm-b-¯n-\pÅ At]-£bpw (4) kXy-kvX-pXnbpw AhnsS ZÀin-¡mw. 76-þ-a-t¯Xv Hcp Hgp-¡-³ A-izn-kq-à-am-Xr-I-bm-Wv. ""ChnsS h¶mepw! tkmaw IpSn-¨mepw! R§Ä¡p klm-bhpw km[-\-§fpw X¶mepw!'' F¶ efn-X-amb ktµiw Xcp¶ kqàw. 77-þmw kqàw C{µ-sâ- A-Xn-{I-an-¡p¶ Icp-¯n-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kvXpXnbpw Ahsâ- ]m-cn-tXm-jn-I-¯n-\p- th-n-bpÅ At]-£-Ifpw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. C{µ-sâ- A-\n-b-{´n-X-amb iànIÄ Ahsâ DZm-cX {]mhÀ¯n- I-am-¡m-\pÅ hmZ-ambn Ihn D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p (3, 6). \à cN-\m-in-ev]-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb {]k-¶-am-sbmcp Imhy-J- WvU-am-Wn-Xv. 78-þmw kqà-¯nse Ggp ]Zy-§-fn A©p ]Zy-§-fpsS hr¯-§-fmb _rl-Xn-bp-sSbpw ktXm-_r-l-Xn- bpsS Awi-amb _rlXv]Zw Cu kqà-¯nsâ XpS-¡-¯nepw HSp-¡-¯n-ep-ap-s-¶Xv {it²-b-a-t{X. hr{X-bp- ²hpw bp²-¯n\v C{µs\ iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ acp-¯p-¡-fpsS ]m«p-amWv kqà- {]-ta-bw. C{µ-\p-thn Hcp Km\tam kqàtam Dm-¡m-\pÅ DZvt_m-[-\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv kqàw Bcw-`n- ¡p-¶-Xv. 1, 3 ]Zy-§-fn acp-¯p-¡-tfm-SmWv DZvt_m-[-\-sa¶p shfn-hm-Ip-¶p. F¦nepw Ggmw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cm-À[-¯n Bsc-bmWp kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-sX¶p hyà-a-Ã. {]mXÀb-Ú-amWv kqà-k-µÀ`-sa¶p hyàw. Ggmw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[w {]hÀKy-IÀas¯ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p-sh¶v AXnse LÀa-i-_vZw-sImp sXfn-bp-¶p. k¼-¯nt\m klm-b-¯t\m DÅ At]-£-bn-sÃ-¶Xv Cu kqà-¯n-sâ- k-hn-ti-j-X-bm-Ip-¶p. ip²-amb kvXpXn-kq-à-am-Wn-Xv. CXv EtKz-Z-¯n ZpÀe-`-amb {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. 79-þmw kqà-X-Xn XS-Ê-§Ä X-IÀ¡p¶ ià-s\¶ \ne-bn C{µs\ bÚ-¯n\p £Wn-¡p-Ibpw bp²-¯n klm-b-¯n\pw k¼-¯p-IÄ¡pw-thn bmNn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. FSp-¯p-]-d-b-¯¡ -sXm¶pw Cu kqà-¯n-en-Ã. hcp-W-s\-¸än A©mw ]Zy-¯nse ]cm-aÀi-amWv Hc-]-hm-Zw. C{µ\pw hcp-W\pw X½n- epÅ Hcp-Xcw {]hr-¯n-hn-`-P\w CXn DÄs¡m-n-«p-s¶p tXm¶p-¶p. I_-fn-¸n-¡p-amdv efn-X-amb 80-þmw kqàw \nc-h[n NÀ¨ sN¿-s¸-«XmWv. ia-\u-j-[n¡pw DÀh-c-X-bv¡p- apÅ hiy-a-{´-am-Wn-Xv. ]Xn-hn-Ãm-¯ coXn-bn Ahn-hm-ln-X-bmb Hcp kv{Xo-bmWv Chn-Ss¯ hàm-hv. AhÄ C{µ-\p-thn cl-ky-ambn ssewKn-I-kz-c-apÅ Hcp tkma-bÚw \S-¯p-¶p þ Xsâ hnhml-¯n-\p-th-n- bpÅ A´n-a-amb Hcp bXv\w. Cu kµÀ`w hnh-cn-¨p-sIm-p-Å-XmWv kqà-¯nsâ XpS¡w (1). shÅw sImp-h-cm³ t]m-Ip¶ Hcp I\yI hgn-bn tkmaw ImWp-¶p. AX-hÄ ho«n-te¡p sImp-t]m-hp-Ibpw BZyw tkma-t¯mSpw XpSÀ¶v C{µ-t\mSpw kwkm-cn-¡p-Ibpw kzbw tkmaw ]ngnªv C{µsâ au-\m-\p-hm-Z- -t¯msS icn-¡pÅ bÚw sN¿p-¶psh¶ {]Xo-Xn-bmWv \ap-¡-\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv (2). C{µ³ tkma-¯n\p hcp-¶p. Ahsâ- b-YmÀY Xmev]-cy-sa-s´¶v AhÄ At\z-jn-¡p-¶p. F¦nepw B hchv cl-ky-am-bn-sh-¡p- sa¶v AhÄ Ahs\ Adn-bn-¡p¶p. AhÄ tkma-t¯mSv H¨-¸m-Sp-m-¡msX arZp-hm-sbm-gp-Im³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n- ¡p-¶p (3). \memw ]Zy-¯n Xsâ tkma-k-h-\-¯n-eqsS C{µ\v F´mWv t\Sm³ km[n-¡pI F¶ Dulm- t]ml§fn apgp-Ip-¶p. Cfw {]mb-¡m-cn-bmb AhÄ ssewKn-I-kp-J-s¯bpw hnhm-l-s¯bpw ]än Btem- Nn-¡p-Ibpw C{µ³ Xsâ BZys¯ ssewKn-I-]-¦m-fnbmbn ssewKn-I-_-Ô-¯n-teÀs¸-Sptam F¶p `b-s¸-Sp- Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (5-þ6) AhÄ aq¶p-hn[w tcma-h-fÀ¨-sb-¸än-bpÅ Xsâ- B-{Klw {]ISn-¸n-¡p¶p: hb-ep-I-fnÂ, kky-§-fnÂ; AÑsâ Ij-n-¯-e-bnÂ; Xsâ Kply-{]-tZ-i¯v (tcm-Kw-sImv tcmaw apfbv¡m¯ AhnSw tcmK-ap-à-am¡n tcmak-ar²n hcp-¯pI). X\n¡p ssewKn-I-]-IzX h¶p-sh¶p ImWn¡p-I-bmWv aq¶m-a-t¯-Xnsâ e£yw. C{µ³ A]m-e-bpsS A`n-emjw km[n-¨p-sh¶p kqNn-¸n-¨p-sImv kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. 81-þm-as¯ ZoÀL-amb kqàw \nc-´cw BhÀ¯n-¡-s¸« tkma-b-Ú-¯n\p hcm³ C{µ-\pÅ £W-am- Wv. Ihn CS-bv¡nsS C{µ-t\mSp klm-b-¯n\v At]-£n-¡p-¶p-s-¦nepw, bÚ-¯nepw hmNn-I-¯nepw tkma- ¯nepw Xs¶-bmWv- tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. Ihn-\maw ]e ]Zy-§-fnepw Hfnªpw sXfnªpw hcp-¶p-v. kpZoÀL-amb Cu 82-þmw kqàw kqtcym-Z-b-s¯- kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp-sImp XpS-§p-¶p (1). \memw ]Zy-¯nepw CXnsâ {]Xn-[z\n tIÄ¡mw. kqà-¯n-sâ- A-´y-`m-K¯v (25-þ26) Aánsb t\cn«v kwt_m-[\ sN¿p¶ cp ]Zy-§Ä Im-Wmw. C{µ-kq-à-¯nse Cu CX-c-tZ-h-kw-t_m-[-I-]-Zy-§Ä tkma-b-Ú-¯nse {]`m-X-kµÀ`w kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ChnsS Dj-Ên-s\ -t\-cn«p kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶n-sÃ-¶Xp {it²-b-a-mWv. kqà- ¯nse apJy-{]-tabw C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡p¶ tkma-am-Wv. kqàw ]ptcm-K-an-¡p-t´mdpw CXp IqSp-X hyà- am-hpw. C{µsâ hr{X-l-XybmWv DS-\ofw sImm-S-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. {]kvXp-X-]p-cm-hr¯w Imcy-am-bn- hÀWn-¡p-¶n- sÃ-¦nepw XÕq-N-I-amb C{µ-hn-ti-jWw IqS-¡qsS hcp-¶p-v. E`p-¡sf ]cm-aÀin-¡p¶ 34-þmw ]Zyw kqà- ¯nsâ aäp- `m-K-hp-ambn _Ôan-ÃmsX \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p. tkma-]m-\-tI-{µn-X-amb 83-þmw kqàw AXn-em-fn-Xyhpw hnj-an-¸n-¡p¶ Ahy-à-Xbpw Hcp-an-¨p-tNÀ¶ IuXp-I-I-c-am-b H¶m-W-v. acp-Õq-à-ambn A\p-{I-aWn - hnh-cn-¡p-¶p-s-¦nepw acp-kq-à-§-fpsS s]mXp-k- hn-ti-j-X-IÄ CXn A[nIw ImWp-¶n-Ã. cmw XrN-¯n (4-þ7) acp-¯p-¡Ä (4), C{µ³ (6), BZn-Xy-·mÀ H¶n¨pw (4) -{]-tXy-I-ambpw (5) hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. CXnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn aq¶mw XrN-¯n (7-þ9, 10-þ12) acp- ¯p-¡sf am{Xta ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-Åq. ]t£, aäp tZh-·m-cpsS hnti-j-W-§fpw {]hr-¯n-Ifpw sImv hnti-jn-¸n-¨mWv ]te-S¯pw ImWp-¶-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, ""\ho-Ir-X-ssh-Z-Kv[y-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-hÀ'' (7, 10) F¶ hnti-jWw BZn-Xy-·mÀ¡mWv km[m-cW tNÀ¡m-dv. AXp-t]m-se, ""]Àh-X-¯n hkn-¡p-¶-'' (12) F¶Xp s]mXp-hn tkma-hn-ti-j-W-am-Ip-¶p. Cu a-cp-Zzn-ti-j-W-§Ä Akm-[m-c-W-am-Wv. acp-¯p-¡-fp-sS -A-½-bmb ]riv\nbpw AZn-Xnbpw A`n-¶-cm-sW¶ tXm¶Â Nne kµÀ`-§-fn Df-hm-Ip-¶Xpw {it²-b-am-Wv. Cu efn-X-amb 84-þmw kqà-¯n Ihn kz\maw \memw ]Zy-¯n shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p-v. CXv C{µs\ tkma-b-Ú-¯n h¶p tkmahpw kvXpXn-hm-¡p-Ifpw Bkz-Zn-¡m\pw Xsâ klm-bn-Isf X§-fpsS kvXpXn- IÄ Cc-«n-bm-¡m\pw DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-Xr-N-amWv (7-þ9) Chn-sS- G-ähpw {it²-b-amb khn-ti-jX {]ZÀin-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv. tkma¯n\p am{X-a-Ã, XZ-\p-_-Ôn-bmb hmNn-I-¯n\pw C{µ\pw Ah³ Xcp¶ klm-b- ¯n-\p-saÃmw hnti-j-W-ambn ImWm-hp¶ ip²-]-Z-¯nsâ A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amb BhÀ¯\w ChnsS ZÀin¡mw. kqàw 85. [mcmfw C{µ-]p-cm-hr-¯-§Ä {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶ k¼-¶hpw k¦oÀW-hp-amb kqàw. cN\ BZy´w XrN-L-S-\-bp-ambn CW-§n-t¸m-Ip-¶-Xp-X-s¶. Ah-km-\s¯ \mep XrN-§-fn-tem-tcm¶pw (10-þ21) Hmtcm hmNn-I-ap-{Z-bpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 10-þ12 ]Zy-§-fn ""Iphn-ZwK thZXv''F¶pw 13-þ15 ]Zy-§-fn ""{Z]vk''F¶pw 16-þ18 ]Zy-§-fn ""Xzw l XyXv'' F¶pw 19-þ21 ]Zy-§-fn ""hr{Xlm'' F¶p-am-W-h. H¶mw XrNw (1-þ3) C{µsâ hn]p-e-amb kvXpXn¡v BapJw cNn-¡p-¶-Xnsâ `mK-ambn aq¶p hnhn-[-ta-J-e-I-fn C{µsâ A\-Xn-{I-a-Wo-b- iàn Nqn-¡m-«p-¶p. {]Ir-Xn-i-àn-IÄ A-hsâ A[o-\-¯n-emWv (1) Fap-j-]p-cm-hr¯w cmw ]Zy-¯nepw `uXn-Ihpw am\-kn-I-hp-amb C{µsâ iàn-IÄ aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nepw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. cmw XrNw (4-þ6) Ah-sâ- Hu-¶Xyw hnh-cn-¨p-sImp XpS-§p¶p (4). Xma-kn-bmsX hr{X-h-[-¯n-te¡p IS-¡p-¶p. Cu IrXy-¯n acp-¯p-¡-fpsS ]¦mWv aq¶mw XrN-¯nse hnj-bw. 6þ9 ]Zy-§Ä acp-¯p-¡Ä t\cn«v C{µ-t\mSp kwkm-cn- ¡p-¶p. hr{X-h-[-¯n GXp tZh\pw ssIhn-«mepw X§Ä IqsS-bp-m-hp-sa¶v AhÀ Dd¸p sImSp-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ XrNw (10-þ12) bÚ-k-µÀ`-¯n-te¡p h¶v Ihn C{µs\ kvXpXn-¡m³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xmbn ]d-bp- ¶p. XpSÀ¶-h-cp¶ XrNw (13-þ15) {Z]vk-IY ]d-bp-¶p. Cu `mKw hnjaw ]nSn-¨-Xm-sW¶p ]d-bmsX Xc-an-Ã. ASp¯ XrNw (16-þ18) C{µsâ Nne alm-IÀa-§-sf-¸än hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ip-jvW-h[w CXnÂs¸-Spw. Hcp {]tl- fn-I-tbm-Sp-IqSn XpS-§p¶ Ah-km-\-Xr-Nw- hopw hr{X-h-[-¯n-se-¯p-¶p. hr¯-]-c-ambn sshhn-[y-]qÀW-amb 86-þmw kqàw ]cn-Nn-X-amb Hcp coXn-bmWv ]n´p-S-cp-¶-Xv. XrN-hn-`- P-\m-ß-I-amWv cN-\. H¶mw XrN¯n (1-þ3) icn-bmb- -b-Ú-co-Xn-IÄ ]n´p-S-cm¯ aäp a\p-jy-{]`p-¡-fpsS kz¯p ]nSn-s¨-Sp¯v Xsâ- kw-L-¯n-epÅ aäp {]`p-¡Ä¡p ]p\Àhn-X-cWw sN¿m³ Ihn C{µ-t\mSv A`yÀYn- ¡p-¶p. ASp¯ XrN-¯n (4-þ6), ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se, Fhn-sS-bm-bmepw C{µ³ bÚ-¯n-\p- h-c-W-sa¶p hnfn-¡p-¶p. C{µ-\p-am-bpÅ k¼qÀW-k-Jy¯n\pÅ {]Xo-£bpw Ah³ hcm-Xn-cn-¡ptam F¶ `bhpw aq¶mw XrN-¯n (7-þ9) kao-No-\-ambn kt½-fn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu XrN-¯n\v Akm-[m-cm-W-amb cN-\-bm-Wp-Å-Xv. Hmtcm ]Zy-¯nsâbpw BZy´hcnIÄ H¶p-X-s¶-. ASp¯ XrN-¯n (10-þ12) am{X-amWv Ihn Hu]-Nm-cn-I- amb tZh-kvXpXn XpS-§p-¶Xv. ]t£-, C-h an¡-hmdpw kvtXmXm-¡Ä¡pÅ kvXpXn-bp-am-Wv. Ah-km-\-XrNw (13-þ15) C{µsâ Aan-X-am-b -i-àn-¡pÅ kvXpXnbpw AXp X§-fpsS t\«-¯n-\m-h-W-sa¶ Ihn-bpsS A`yÀY- \bpw ka-\z-bn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 87-þmw kqàw aq¶p hr¯-§-fn \n_-²-am-sW-¦nepw aq¶pw GXmv Htc-t]m-epÅ hr¯-§-fm-I-bm A{X kmc-a-Ã. XrN-kw-hn-[m-\-am-sW-¦nepw XrN-§Ä X-½n cq]-¯ntem `mh-¯ntem FSp-¯p-]-d-b-¯¡ tbmPn¸p ImWm-\n-Ã. kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv bmÚn-I-·m-tcmSv C{µ-s\-¸än ]mSm³ ]d-ªp-sIm-m-Wv (1). cmw XrNw bÚ-¯n\p hcm³ C{µs\ £Wn-¨p-sIm-v (4). BZy-s¯ -B-dp- ]-Zy-§-fn asäÃmw s]mXp-hn-epÅ C{µ-kvXpXn¡pth-n-\o-¡n-sh-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw XrN-¯n (7-þ9) bmÚn-IÀ C{µs\ iàn-s¸-Sp-¯m³thn X§-fp-sS -hm-Nn-tIm-]m-Zm-\-§Ä Hcp-¡q-«p-Ibpw Ahs\ bÚ-¯n-te¡p sImp-h-cn-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ah- km-\s¯ XrN-¯n-em-I-s« (10-þ12), ]Xn-hp-t]mse Ihn X§-fpsS At]-£-IÄ kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. ChnsS thXv bp²-i-ànbpw tbm²r-ho-c-·m-cp-amWv, k¼-¯Ã, F¶p t`Zw. kqàw 88. ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se, tkma-b-Ú-¯n-\pÅ Cu £W-w (1-þ2) DS-s\-¯-s¶- C-{µsâ Zm\-§- fn-e¡p IS-¡p-¶p (3-þ4). kqà-¯nsâ cmw `mKw (4-þ8), bp²-§-fn C{µsâ Icp-¯n-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ icn- ¡pÅ- kvXp-Xn-Km-\-am-Wv. 89-þmw kq-à-¯nsâ LS-\-sb-¸än [mcmfw A`n-{]mbhyXym-k-§-fp-v. AXn Pman-k¬þsâ A`n-{]m- b-amWv ChnsS apJy-ambn D]-Po-hn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. Bsc¶p hyà-a-Ãm¯ Hcp hàmhpw C{µ\pw X½n-epÅ kw`m- j-W-amWv BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä. BZys¯ hàm-hv, Xm³ IÀa-§-fn C{µs\ klm-bn-¡-W-sa-¦n bÚmwiw X\n¡pw In«-W-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p (1). C{µ³ tkmaw hmKvZm\w sN¿p-¶p. kPo-h-amb ]¦m-fn-¯- ¯n\p t{]cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu hàmhv hmb-phm-bn-cn-¡mw. 3þ6 ]Zy-§-f-S-§p¶ kw`m-j-W-`m-K-¯n bÚ-¯n-sâ- k-abw kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. CS-bn C{µ-sâ- A-kvXn-Xz-s¯-¸än kwibw DbÀ¶p-h-cp-¶p. 7þ9 ]Zy-§-fn hr{X-h[w hnj-b-amhp-¶p. 10-þ11 ]Zy-§Ä hm¡n-s\-¸-än. XrXo-b-k-h-\w, hnjvWp-hnsâ hchv apX- em-bh ChnsS ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. hr¯-ssh-hn-[yhpw tZh-Xm--ssh-hn-[y-hpw -sImp k¦oÀW-amb 90-þmw kqàw auen-I-ambn ]e kqà- §-fm-sW¶p {]_-e-amb A`n-{]m-b-ap-v. 91-þmw kqà-¯n-se -`q-cn-`m-Khpw Aán-bp-sS -b-Ú-{]-hÀ¯-\-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨p amaqÂcq-]-¯nepÅXmWv. Ihn- AYhm Ejn-Ihn F¶ \ne-bv¡pÅ Aán-bpsS ]¦n-\mWv ChnsS apJy-]-cn-K-W-\ (1, 5, 17, 18). XrN-§Ä X½n ]e-t¸mgpw tbmPn¸p ImWp-¶n-Ã. cmw XrNw (4-þ6) ]Ã-hn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv. ]e-Xcw hyXykvXm-án- I-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]cm-aÀ§Ä ImWmw. Bdmw XrN-t¯m-Sp-IqSn (16-þ18) tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw lhn-Êp-I-fp-sSbpw hml-I-\mb Aán-bp-sS P\-\-s¯bpw {]Xn-jvTsbbpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨p-sImv km{¼-Zm-bn-I-co-Xn-bn-epÅ kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ XrN¯n\v (19-þ21) Hcp shfn-¨hpw BßhnaÀi-\-¯n-sâbpw kzchp-ap-v. Ah- km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn Ihn HcmÄ Xsâ -a-\-tÊmSpw ZÀi-\-t¯m-Spw-IqSn Aán Pzen-¸n-¡-W-sa¶p km`n- am\w {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶p. kqàw 92. alm-\mb `c-X-t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp¶ Znthm-Zm-k³ Bcm-[n¨ tKm{Xm-án- BZy-XrN-¯n (1-þ3) hnhcn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXnÀ¯n-I-fpsS hnIm-khpw aäp P\-X-I-fp-sS- A-Xn-{I-a-W-§fpw ChnsS {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p- ¶p-v. XpSÀ¶-h-cp¶ {]Km-Y-bn (4-þ5) tI{µo-Ir-X-t\-Xr-Xz-¯n-eq-sS-bpÅ hnP-b-¯nsâ {]tabw hyà- ambn XpS-cp-¶n-Ã. Aán¡p kzbw kaÀ¸n-¡p¶ a\p-jy-\pÅ {]Xn-^-e-am-Wv- A-hnsS hmKvZm\w sN¿p-¶-Xv þA\-iz-c-amb bi-Êv. hoc-·mcpw (9) km[-\-§fpw kwc-£-Whpw Aán-tk-h-\-¯n-\pÅ {]Xn-^-e-§-fmbn XpSÀ¶pÅ {]-Km-Y-I-fn ImWp¶p (6-þ11). HSp-hn-es¯ {]KmY Aán-`-bw -H-g-n-hm-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¸-än (12-þ13). Ah- km-\-]-Zy-¯n (14) Ihn kz´w t]cp ]d-ªp-sImv Aánsb bÚ-¯n-te¡p £Wn-¡p-¶p. H³]Xmw aWvUew H³]Xmw aWvUew tkma]h-am\kqà-§Ä¡p-th-n-am-{Xw- \o¡nsh-¡-s¸«ncn-¡p-¶p. 114 kqà- §Ä CXn-ep-v. ssZho-Ir-X-b-Ú-h-kvXp-hpw amZ-I]m\o-b-hp-amb-hp-amb -ip-²o-IrXtkma-sam-cp-¡p- Ibpw lhn-Êmbn tZh-·mÀ¡À¸n-¡p-I-bpw- sN-¿pI Gähpw {][m-\-amb sshZn-I-IÀa-a-t{X. ]ngn-sª- Sp¯ tkmaw, shÅw tNÀ¯v t\À¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ap³]v, sN½-cn-bm-«n³tXm-en--eqsS ]IÀ¶p ip²o-I-cn- ¨Xn-\p-tijw ]men an{iWw sNbvXv ]m{X-§-fn lhn-Êm¡n ]I-cp-I-bmWv ]Xn-hv. tkma-ckw tkma-\mbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p. tkma³ cmPmhpw tZh-\p-am-Wv. DuÀP-kz-e-\mb Imfbpw {ZpX-K-Xn-bmb ]´-b-¡p-Xn-cbpw ]d-¡p¶ ]£n-bp-amWv. sN½-cn-bm-«n³tXm-ensâ Acn¸ s]®mSpw ]m ]ip-¡-fpsS Iq«hpw tkma-¡m-f-bp-ambn CW-tN-cm³ DÕp-I-cp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu bÚ- L-S-I-§Äs¡ms¡ {]m]-©n-I-am-\-§Ä \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. kzÀK-¯n\pw `qan-¡pw -a-[y-¯n-epÅ XqWmWv tkmaw. kzÀK-¯n-sâtbm `qan-bp-sStbm apgp-h³ D]-cn-X-e-amWv sN½-cn-bm-«n³ tXmÂ. t\À¸n- ¡m-\pÅ shÅw tkma-¯n-c-b-Sn-¡p¶ hnim-e-k-ap-{Zw. an¶n-¯n-f-§p¶ DPz-e-amb ]m kqcyt\m Zn\-{]-`-bmÀ¶ BIm-itam BIp-¶p. Npcp-¡-¯n tkma-a-WvU-es¯ {]W-bn-¡m-Xn-cn¡m³ {]bm- kw. ]mc-¼-cy-I-hnX F§-s\-bp-m-¡m-sa-¶-Xn\p amXr-I-Iq-Sn-bm-W-Xv. aWvU-e-¯nse BZy-s¯ 67 kqà-§Ä Kmb-{Xo-hr-¯-¯n-em-Wv. 68-þ86 PK-Xn-bnÂ. {XnjvSp-¸n 87-þ97. 98-þ101- A-\p-jvSp-¸nepw 102-þ106 DjvWn-¡nepw 107-þ108 {]Km-Y-L-S-\-bnepw aäp-Åh (109-þ114) ]e-h-I- hr-¯-§-fn-ep-amWv cNn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. Kmb-{Xo-kq-à-§Ä (1-þ67): 1. tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡Â, tkma-¯nsâ iàn-IÄ (3-þ5), tkma-sam-cp-¡p-¶-Xn\p klm-bn-¡p¶ kv{XoI- fp-sS- (hnc-ep-IÄ kv{XoI-fm-WnhnsS) ]-«nI (6-þ9), ]gn-sª-Sp-¡p¶ hnc-ep-IÄ (7-þ8), tkmaan{i-W-¯n- \pÅ ]m \ÂIp¶ ]ip-¡Ä (9) F¶nh s]mXp-hn tkma-kq-à-§-fp-sS- hn-j-b-§ÄX-s¶. ]t£, kqcy-]p{Xn A-h-bn s]Sp-¶n-Ã. A\yYm AhÄ tkma-a-WvU-e-¯n-sâ -A-´y-`m-K¯p am{Xta (113. 3) {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p-Åq. ChnsS Ah-fpsS ]s¦-s´¶p hyà-a-Ã. Hcp ]t£, {]mXxkh-\-¯nsâ kqN- \-bm-hmw. 2. kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv ""kzbw ip²o-I-c-¡pI'' F¶p ]d-ª-psIm-m-Wv. BZy-]-Zy-§Ä tkmaw ]ngn-sª-Sp-¯-Xn-\p-tijw tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xnsâ L«-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨m-Wv: ]ngn-sª-Sp-¯ -tkmaw Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS -(1) acn-I-bn-te-¡v (2) shÅ-t¯m-Sp-IqSn (3-þ4) ]m tNÀ¯p an{i-am¡n (4) Hgn-¡p-I. Cu {]{Inb ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (5-þ6) al-Xz-s¸-Sp-¯n {]]-©-hn-Úm-\o-b-]-Z-§-fn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. kqà-§Ä, {]mÀY-\-IÄ F¶o hmNn-I-amb AI-¼-Sn-I-tfmsS 7þ8 ]Zy-§-fn CXp-X-s¶- ]-cn-N-b-s¸-Sp- ¯p-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zyw (9) kqà-¯nse BZy-`m-K-§sf, hnti-jn¨v aq¶mw ]Zy-s¯, A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p- ¶p. Ah-km-\-]Zyw (10) tkma-sâ- t\-«-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨m-Wv. Cu kqà-¯n {]tXy-In¨v Akm-[m-cm-W- ambn H¶p-ap-s¶p ]d-bm-\n-Ã. 3. kqà-¯nse FÃm ]Zy-§fpw ""Gjx'' (C-h³) F¶p XpS-§p-¶-Xn-\m CXn\p hmNn-I-amb sFI-cq-]y-ap-v. tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xnsâ Hcp L«-¯nÂ, kzbwip-²o-I-c-W¯nse sN½-cn-bm-«n³tXm- e-cn-¸-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ icn-bmb ip²o-c-W-¯nÂ, am{Xw tI{µo-I-cn-¨-Xp-sImv {]ta-b-]-c-amb sFI-cq]yw kqà-¯n-\p-v. kzbw-ip-²o-I-c-W-hm-Nn-I-fmb ]h-am-\, ]hn-{X, ]htX F¶o ]Z-§Ä F«p ]Zy-§- fnepw ImWmw (1, 6 Hgn-sI). ]e Xcw _nw_-I-ev]-\-IÄ ]te-S-§-fn-ep-ap-v. bmÚn-Ihpw {]m]-©n-I- hp-amb LS-I-§sf ka-\z-bn-¸n-¡m-\pÅ {iahpw ImWmw. 4. ap³co-Xn-b-\p-k-cn-¨v, tkma-a-WvU-e-¯nse \memw kqà-¯nsâ Ihn H¶mw aWvU-e-¯n-se (- 1. 31-þ35) \memw- kq-à-k-am-lm-c-¯nsâ IhnXs¶. 9þ69-þDw Cu Ihn-bpsS cN-\-X-s¶. tkma-kq-à-§- fpsS {]tabLS\ Cu kqà-¯n Iptd-¡qSn CSp-§n-b-XmWv Hmtcm ]Zy-¯n-sâbpw aq¶mw ]mZw ]Ã-hn. DÅ-S-¡-t¯-¡mÄ NnÃd cq]-ssh-Nn-{Xy-§Ä¡p {]m[m\yw \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. kqcy-{]-Im-i- ¯n\p apJyXzw Iev]n-¡p-¶p. . 5. Ignª \mep kqà-§-fnse coXn C\n -ap-X Xp-S-cp¶n-Ã. ]ip-ta[b-Ú-¯n-se -B-{]o-kq-à- am-XrI ChnsS AXp-t]mse ]n´p-S-cp-¶p. tkma-]-h-am-\-¶-\p-k-cn¨v AXym-h-iy-amb t`Z-K-Xn-IÄ hcp- ¯n-bn-«p-s¶p am{Xw. 6. tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw C{µ-sâbpw "R§-fpsS'bpw ASp-t¯-¡pÅ tkmasâ bm{X, aZm-h-Ø, `uXn- I-amb {]Xn-^-e-§Ä F¶n-h-bmWv Cu kqà-¯nse apJy-hn-j-bw. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (8-þ9) tkma\v Ihn-X-bp-ambpw Imhy-ssh-Z-Kv[ym-`ymk-hp-am-bp-apÅ _Ôw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. 7. Cu kqà-¯n tkma-i_vZw CtÃ-bn-Ã. ]h-am\i_vZw-t]mepw Hcn-St¯ DÅ-q (5). AtX [mXp- hnÂ\n¶p \njv]-¶-amb i_vZw asäm-cn-S-¯pv (8). A´n-a-]Zyw tkma-t\m-S-Ã, cp temImÀ[-§-tfm- S-t{X. AXp kqà¯nsâ -`m-K-a-söp tXm¶pw. 4þ5 ]Zy-§Ä kqà-¯nsâ ImX-emb `mK-am-sW¶p ]dbmw: tkma³ Ihn-bmbpw hnP-bn-bmb cmPm-hmbpw tbm²m-hmbpw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«-ncn-¡p-¶p. _m¡n `mK-§Ä (1-þ3, 6þ8) tkmasâ sN½-cn-bm-«n³tXmecn-¸bv¡p Npäp-apÅXpw shÅ-¯n Ie-cm³ acn- Ibn-te-¡pÅXpamb bm{X hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 7þ8 ]Zy-§Ä tkmaw kzoI-cn-¡p¶ tZh-·m-cpsS t]sc- Sp¯p ]d-bp-¶p. {]mXx-k-h-\-hpambn _Ô-s¸-«-h-cmWv GgnÂ. 8. ]h-am\ tkma\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« Cu kqàw Xmsg ]d-bp-¶-h-sbÃmw sN¿m³ tkma-c-k-§sf DZvt_m-[n¸n-¡p¶p: Ah C{µsâ iàn hÀ[n-¸n-¡p¶p (1). ""R§Ä¡p'' iàn-\ÂIp¶p (2, 8). Ah C{µs\ R§-tfmSv DZmc\m¡p¶p (3). ""R§Ä''¡v a\p-jy-cmb c£n-Xm-¡-sf- \ÂIpIbpw i{Xp- ¡sf \in-¸n-¡p-I-bpw- sN-¿p¶p (7). aäp Imcy-§-fpsS Iq«-¯nÂ, ag s]¿n-¡p¶p (8). 4þ6 ]Zy-§Ä tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¸-än-bm-Wv. AXn-\p-th-p¶ `uXn-I-h-kvXp-¡Ä arK-h¡-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. sN½-cn-bmSv (tXm-e-cn-¸), ]ip-¡Ä F¶n-h-bm-WtÃm tkma-sam-cp-¡p-¶-Xn\p th-Xv. 9. EPp-e-fn-X-amb ap³kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶p hn`n-¶-ambn {]tl-fn-I-Ifpw Ahy-à-X-Ifpw \ndªXmWo kqàw. tkma-ip-²o-I-c-W-¯nsâ D]-I-c-W-§sfbpw {]{In-b-sbbpw {]m]-©n-I-i-àn-I-fpambpw -A-h- bpsS {]hÀ¯-\-§-fp-ambpw Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Nne {]tl-fn-I-IÄ ASp¯ kqà-¯n IqSp-X EPp-hmbn sImSp-¯n-«p-v. bÚ-X-e-¯nÂ, tkmaw cp ]u{Xn-am-cm ]ngn-sª-Sp-¡-s¸- Sp¶p (1). ]ptcm-ln-Xsâ ssII-fmhmw Ch. A-Xnsâ bm{Xbv¡p (1-þ2) -tijw kqà-§-fm AI-¼-Sn- tk-hn-¡-s¸-«p-sImv shÅ-hp-ambn Ie-cp¶p (4-þ5). shÅw AXns\ Xsâ I®mbn ImWp-¶p. bÚ- ¯n\pw kqà-¯n\pw klm-b-ambn tkmas\ hnfn-¡p-¶p (7-þ8). 7þ9 ]Zy-§Ä Xmc-X-tay\ efn-X-am-Wv. 10. ap³kq-à-¯nse ]e {]ta-b-§-fpw -B-hÀ-¯n-¡p¶ Cu kqàw D]-am-\nÀ`-c-amb aq¶p ]Zy-§-tfm- Sp-Iq-Sn- XpS-§p-¶p. ]ngn-sª-Sp-¡-Â,- A-cn¸bneqsS IS-¡Â, tkma-c-k-§-fpsS ]mÂan-{iWw F¶nh Ahn-sS -th-K-¯n kv]Àin-¨p-t]m-Ip-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zy-¯n-\p-(4)tijw D]-abn-Ã. kqà-¯nsâ cmw `mKw cq]-I-¯n-te¡p IS-¡p-¶p. hnti-jn-¨v, kqcy-\p-ambpÅ -cq-]-W§fpw XmZm-ßy-I-c-W-§-fp-am-Wv. 11. Cu kqà-¯n-sâ- A-[n-I-`m-K-hpw tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-epÅ X§-fpsS ]¦p \nÀhln-¡p-¶-Xn\p ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ¡pÅ D]-tZ-i-§-fm-Wv. CS-bn tkma-t¯mSp kzbw-ip-²o-I-cn-¡m-\pÅ A`yÀY-\-bp- ap-v. CtX Ihn-bpsS ap³kq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn _nw_-I-ev]-\bpw Ae-¦m-c-hp-sam-¶p-an- sÃ-¦nepw `mj-bpw -hm-Iy-ssi-enbpw EPp-e-fn-Xat{X. 12. XnI¨pw tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn tI-{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-sW-¦nepw Cu kq{Xw {]kvXp-X-{]-{In-bsb {]]-©-L-S-I-§-fp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. DZm-l-c-W-¯n-\p, \memw-]Zyw tkmaw kzÀK-¯n-sâ- \m- `nbpw sN½-cn-bm-«n³tXm-ep-am-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. cpw Acn-¸sb ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy-¯nse kap-{Z-¯nsâ D]-cn-Xew acn-I-bn tiJ-cn-¡-s¸« tkmawX-s¶tbm AXp IeÀ¯m-\pÅ shÅtam BWv. F«mw ]Zy-¯nse kzÀK-¯nsâ {]nb-]m-X-IÄ sN½-cn-bm-«n³tXm-e-cn-¸-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ tkma- ¯nsâ Id-§-e-t{X. A´n-a-]-Zy-¯n (9) am{X-amWv Ihn tZh-t\mSv Fs´-¦nepw At]-£-IÄ \S-¯p- ¶-Xv. 13. hmbp-shbpw C{µ-s\bpw ]cm-aÀin-¡p¶ BZy-]Zyw CXp {]mXxk-h-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-Xm-sW¶p sXfn-bn-¡p-¶p. A\yYm CXp aäp ]e tkmakq-à-§-sf-bpw-t]mse BhÀ¯-\-hn-c-k-am-hp-am-bn-cp- ¶p. 14. Ihn tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-epÅ Htc L«w ]e hyXy-kvX-cq-]-§-fn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I-bm-Wv Cu kqà-¯nÂ. cmw ]Zy-¯n ""A©p _Ôp-¡-fp-sS- kw-L-§Ä'' F¶p ssII-sfbpw A©mw ]Zy- ¯nÂ- hnc-ep-Isf ""hnh-kzsâ t]c-s¸¬a-¡Ä'' F¶pw Ah-km\w Ggmw ]Zy-¯n ""ssIhn-c-ep- IÄ'' F¶p km[m-c-W-\n-e-bnepw hÀWn-¨Xp t\m¡p-I. AXp-t]mse ]mÂan-{i-W-¯nepw kam-\-amb {]tbm-K-§Ä Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p¶p: 3, 5 ]Zy-§-fn hkv{Xw -]p-X-¸n-¡p-¶-Xnsâbpw 6þmw ]Zy-¯n ]ip- ¡-tfm-SpÅ tkmasâ B{Kl¯nsâbpw Iev]-\-I-fpsS cq]-¯nÂ. [mXp-¡-fpsS Ime-{]-tbm-K-¯nepw Cu sshhn[yw ]peÀ¯p¶p (1, 2, 3). 15. BZys¯ Bdp ]Zy-§fpw ""Gjx'' F¶pw Ah-km-\-s¯- c--p ]-Zy-§Ä ""GXw'' F¶pw Bcw-`n- ¨p-sImv Cu kqà-¯n\v cq]-]-c-amb HsscIyw hcp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. hnjbw ]h-am\tkmaw Xs¶- sb-¦n-epw. cmw ]Zy-sam-gn¨p asäÃmw sN½-cn-bm-«n³ tXmen-eq-sSbpw acn-I-bn-te-¡p-apÅ tkma-sâ- bm-{X-bmWv hnj-b-am-¡p-¶-Xv. AhnsS shÅhpw (5) ]mepw (6) Ahs\ Im¯n-cn-¡p-¶p. 16. CXpw ip²o-I-c-W-{]-{In-b-bpsS `mK-amb tkmasâ Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ IS-¶p-t]m-¡n-s\-¸än-¯- s¶-bpÅ kqà-am-Wv. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n tkmas\ GX-i-\p-ambn XmZm-ßy-s¸Sp-¯p-¶-Xmbn kqNn-¸n- ¡p-¶p. Ggmw- ]-Zy-¯n Ah³ kzÀK-]rjvTw t]mse ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¶-Xmbn ]d-bp-¶p. Ch-bÃmsX {]]©i-àn-I-fp-ambn aäp Xmc-X-ay-sam-¶p-an-Ã. tkmaw hopw hopw Acn-¸-bn-eqsS IS-¶p-t]m-IpIbpw (2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8) shÅ-hp-ambpw (2, 3) ]mep-am-bpw (2, 6) IqSn-t¨-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 17. EPp-hmb Hcp kqàw: tkma-c-k-§Ä Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ X§-fpsS bm{X-bn acn-I-I-fn-te¡pw A\-´cw C{µ-\n-te¡pw tZh-·m-cn-te¡pw thK-¯n Hgp-Ip-¶p. kqcy-tâ-Xn-t\m-Sp- Xm-c-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯m- hp¶ bm{X. tkma-b-Ú-¯n hm¡nsâ ]¦nepw Du¶p-¶p-v. tkma³ hm¡ns\ {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡pbpw AXv tkmas\ iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 18. Cu kqà-¯nsâ- G-ähpw aJy-amb khn-ti-jX Btcm-Ky-ku-Jy-§Ä hmKvZm\w sN¿p¶ CXnsâ Hcp-h-cn-¸-Ã-hn-bm-Wv. BZy-h-km-\-]-Zy-§Ä (1, 7) Acn-¸-bnse ip²o-I-c-W-sa¶ bÚ-\nanjw tcJ-s¸-Sp- ¯p-¶p. 4þ6 ]Zy-§Ä bÚ-h-kvXp-Xbv¡v am\p-jn-Ihpw {]m]-©n-I-hp-amb AÀYw Iev]n-¡p-¶p. tkma- i_vZw BZy-]-Zy-¯nte DÅq F¶Xp {it²-bw. 19. Cu kqà-¯n ap³kq-à-§sf At]-£n¨v {]Xy-£-amb Npcp¡w bÚ]cm-aÀi-§tf DÅq. tkma\pw kvtXmXm-¡fpw X½n-epÅ _Ô-amWv kqà-tI-{µw. \½p-sS- DÄ¡m-gv¨-Ifpw i_vZ-§fpw KÀ`w Im¯n-cn-¡p¶ kv{XoI-fmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (5). Ah ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp¶p (2). AhÀ Im-f-sb- t¸m-epÅ tkma-s\ -A-hsâ ip¢-¯n-\p-thn hnfn-¡p-¶p (4). KÀ`w [cn¨ Nn´-IÄ {]tNm-Zn-X-Nn-´- sb -am-{X-a-Ã, Cu IhnX t\Sp¶ `uXn-I-km-[-\-§sfbpw {]k-hn-¡p-¶p. 1, 6 ]Zy-§Ä CXp hyà-am- ¡p-¶p. 6þ7 ]Zy§Ä i{Xp-¡sf \in-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw tkmasâ -k-lmbw tXSp-¶p. 20. Cu kqà-¯n ap³kq-à-s¯t¸mse {]Xy-£-amb Npcp¡w bÚ]cm-aÀi-§tf (sN-½-cn-bm- «n³tXm-e-cn-¸, 1, 7; shÅhpw acn-I-I-fpw, 6;) DÅq. bÚm-tLm-j-s¯-¸än-bm--W-[n-I-hpw. ""R§-fpsS Nn´ tkmas¯ ip²o-I-cn-¡m³ klm-bn-¡p¶p'' (3), Ah³, Xncn-¨v, Ihn-IÄ¡pw Kmb-IÀ¡pw c£n- Xm-¡Ä¡pw k¼¯p Is-¯p¶p (7) apX-em-bh DZm-l-c-W§Ä. A©mw ]Zy-¯n-se-t¸mse ]pXp- a-bpä {]tbm-K-§fpw ImWmw. 21. Cu kqà-w tkma-I-W-§Ä Hgp-Ip-¶-Xn-s\-¸-än-bpÅ km{¼-Zm-bn-I-amb Nn{Xo-I-c-W-hpw AXp {i²n- ¡p-¶-Xp-sIm-pÅ t\«hpaS-§p¶-Xm-Wv. 5þ6 ]Zy-§Ä, ]t£, _nw_-I-ev]-\-I-fpsS sshNn-{Xy-apÄs¡m- Åp-¶p. B ]-Zy-§Ä tkma-I-W-§-tfmSv A\p-Zm-c-\mb a\p-jy-s\- D-]-tZ-in-¡m³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. 22. Cu kqà-w tkma-I-W-§Ä apt¶m«p IpXn-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¸än ]d-ªp-sIm-mWp XpS-§p-¶-sX-¦nepw (1) Ah-bp-sS -bm-{X -D-S-s\-¯s¶ {]]-©-]-chpw cl-kym-ß-I-hp-ambn amdp-¶p. Ah-bpsS IpXn-¸ns\ cmw ]Zy-¯n {]]-©-i-àn-I-fp-tS-Xp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn Ah {]]-©-¯n-eq- sS-Xs¶ k©-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah {]]-©-Ø-e-§-fn (5) am-{X-a-Ã, \½psS DÄ¡m-gv¨-I-fn¯s¶ (3), AXm-b-Xv, bÚ-I-hn-X-bp-m-¡p-¶ Nn´-Ifn¯s¶ hym]n-¡p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n Ah {]]-©- Ø-e-t¯-¡mÄ Iptd-¡qSn D¶-X-amb Øe-¯v, AXm-b-Xv, bÚ-¯n¯-s¶-F-¯p-¶p. A´n-a-amb ]Zyw 7þ Cu bm{Xm-{]-tabw, s]mSp-¶-\-th, ssIsh-Sn-bp-¶p. tkmaw (]-cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sm-¯) C{µsâ \mb-bmb kc-a-bmbn ]cn-W-an-¡p-¶p. 23. Cu kqà-w, ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸m-se, tkma-I-W-§Ä apt¶m«p IpXn-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¸än ]d-ªp-sIm- mWp XpS-§p-¶-sX-¦nepw hn`-n¶-amb Zni-bn-te¡p t]mIp-¶p. cmw ]Zyw Bbp-¡sf ]cn-N-b-s¸- Sp-¯p-¶p. tkma-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v ]pw C¶p-apÅhcm-W-hÀ. ]t£, -\memw ]Zy-¯n Bbp-¡Ä tkma-c-k-§ÄX-s¶-sb¶p ]d-bp-¶p. ip²o-I-cn-¡-s¸« tkmaw aZ-I-cambn amdp-¶Xv Cu ]Zy-¯n-em- sW-¶-Xmhmw Imc-Ww. Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ7) tkma\pw C{µ\pw X½n-epÅ _Ô-¯n tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. 5þ IpXn-¡p¶ tkmaw Xsâ- k-¯n C{µsâ iàn k¼m-Zn-¡p-¶p. 6þ7 ]Zy-§- fn Cu iàn C{µsâ hoc-IÀa-§Ä \nÀh-ln-¡p-¶-Xn\v Ah-\m-bn- am-dp-¶p. 24. Cu kqà-w, ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸m-se, tkma-I-W-§Ä apt¶m«p IpXn-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¸änbmWv. \nÀWm- bI-a-Ãm¯ Cu kqàw shÅ-¯n X-tem-S (1), ]mÂan-{iWw (2), Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS- I-S-¡Â (3, 5) F¶n-§s\ apJy-hn-j-b-§-sfÃmw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p-. tkmaw C{µsâ ]m\o-b-a-msW-¶v -C-S-bv¡nsS BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶p-v (2, 3, 5). tkma\v C{µ-sâ ap-Jy-hn-tij-W-§-fmb hr{X-l-´m-hv, hr{X-l-´-a³ F¶nh \ÂInbpw ImWp-¶p. 25. Cu Ihn-bpsS EtKz-Z-¯nse Htc-sbmcp kqà-am-Wn-Xv. tkmas\ Ihn-bmbn ChnsS Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p- ¶p. BZy-]-Zy-¯n acp-¯p-¡-fpw -hm-bphpw hcp-¶p-v. 26. ap³kq-à-¯nssâ Ihn-bpsS a¡-¯m-bvhgn]n·p-d-¡m-c-tâ-XmWo kqà-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. DÅ-S-¡- ¯n ]pXp-a-sbm-¶p-an-Ã. ]t£, ZrV-amb LS-\-bm-Wv. Ah-km-\-t¯-sXm-gn¨p aäp ]Zy-§-sfÃmw tkma-s\- bp-t±-in¨v ""Xw'' F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm-mWv XpS-§p-¶-Xv. Ah-km-\-t¯Xv ""Xw Xzm'' F¶p XpS-§p-¶p. 27. Cu kqà-w asämcp Ihn-bp-tS-Xm-sW-¦nepw ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse Hmtcm ]Zy-¯nepw Hcp-t]mse BhÀ¯n-¡-s¸« ""Gjx'' F¶ tkmas\ hnh-£n-¡p¶ {]tbm-K-¯m {it²-b-am-Wv. DÅS¡w km{¼-Zm-bn-Iw-X-s¶: tkmasâ hnP-b-§fpw t\«-§fpw (1-þ4) kqcy-\p-am-bpÅ hnP-b-I-c-amb aÕ-c- §fpw. 28. Cu kqà-w ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse Hmtcm ]Zy-¯nepw Hcp-t]mse BhÀ¯n-¡-s¸« ""Gjx'' F¶ tkmas\ hnh-£n-¡p¶ {]tbm-K-¯m {it²-b-am-Wv. ]Xn-hp-{]-tbm-K-§-tfm-sS-bm-sW-¦n-epw, Ae-¦m- c-`w-Kn-bp-v. 29. amaqÂco-Xn-bn-epÅ asämcp {lkzkqàw. CXp tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶Xv km[-\-§Ä t\Sp-Ibpw i{Xp- ¡sf Iog-S-¡p-¶-Xn-e-pam-Ip¶p ({]-tXy-In¨p 3þ4 ]Zy-§Ä). 30. kqà-¯nse H¶mw ]Zyw ap³kq-à-¯nse H¶mw ]Zy-s¯-t¸m-se-¯-s¶. 9. 27-þ30 F¶ \mep kqà-§fpw BwKn-c-k-Ip-Spw-_-¯nse AwK-§-fp-tSXpw kam-\-X-bp-f-f-h-bp-a-t{X. 31. \nÀWm-bI-a-Ãm¯ asämcp Kmb-{Xo-kq-àw. kam-´-c-amb cN-\-Ifpw hmIy-ssi-en-Ifpw kqà- ¯n\v AÀssY-Iy-ap-m-¡p-¶p. Ah-km\w C{µ\p tkmaw \ÂIp¶ an¡ tkma-kq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn ChnsS ""R§Ä'' Ahsâ km¶n-[yhpw ]¦m-fn-¯hpw {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶p (6). 32. Cu kqàw tkma-c-k-§-fpsS an¡-hmdpw kÀh-hym-]n-bmb bm{X-bn-emWv XpS-§p-¶-sX-¦nepw s]mXp-hn tkma-k-am-lm-c§fpsS ]Xn-hp-{]-tbm-K-§Ä Hgn-hm-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ({]-tXy-In¨v 3þ5 ]Zy-§- fnse D]-a-I-fnÂ). acp-Õq-à-§-fpsS Ihn-bmbn Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶ iymhm-iz-c-N-\-bn Cu khn-tj-jX kzm`m-hn-Iw. 33. Hcn-¡Â¡qSn tkma³ apt¶m-s«m-gp-Ip-¶-Xmbn kqàw XpS-§p-¶p. ]t£, ChnsS `uXn-I-amb ip²o-I-c-W-{]-{In-b-b Du¶-en-Ã. AXn-s\ -A-I-¼Sn tkhn-¡p¶ i_vZ-§-fmWv apJy-hn-j-bw. \memw ]Zyw aq¶-pXcw i_vZ§sf ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. bÚ-hm-¡p-I-fmWv hnh-£nXw: E¡v, bPp-Êv, kmaw. ]ptcm-ln-X-a-{´-hm-Iy-§-Ä (5), ]ip-¡-fpsS ap{I-bn-S (4), IpXn-¡p¶ tkma-¯n-sâ- A-eÀ¨ (4) F¶n- hsb ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xp-am-hmw. A©mw ]Zy-¯nepw CtX {]tabw XpS-cp-¶p. Ahn-sSbpw cmw ]Zy- ¯nepw ""kXy''s¯ DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p-¶p. H¶n-epw -B-dnepw tkma³ R§Ä¡v Dm-¡n-¯-cp¶ k¼- ¯nsâ shÅ-¯n-c-I-fmbpw kap-{Z-§-fmbpw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. 34. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n tkma³ ]Xn-hp-t]mse IpXn-¡p-¶p. cn tkmaw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-h-cp-sS- kp- ZoÀL-amb ]«nI \nc-¯p-¶p. 3þ4 ]Zy-§Ä ]m\obw X¿mdm-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn-¨m-Wv. acp-¯p-¡Ä X§Ä¡p-thn tkmaw Npc-¯p-¶-XmWv hnjaw ]nSn¨ A©mw ]Zy-¯nÂ. CXp Nne-t¸mÄ ag-bm- hmw. ""EXky hnjvS]w'' (k-Xy-¯nsâ D]-cn-X-ew) Acn-¸-sbbpw kzÀK-s¯bpw H¸w ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p- m-hmw. 35. tkmaw k¼-¯nsâ- Dd-hn-Shpw ]n³_-e-hp-w kwLÀj-¯n kJm-hp-am-Wv. CXmWv Cu kqà- ¯nsâ {]ta-bw. {]k-¶hpw ss\cp-àn-I-hp-amb Ae¦m-c-§Ä (3, 4, 6) sImpw ]e Xc-¯n-epÅ BhÀ¯-\-§ÄsImpw hnin-jvS-amWo kqàw. 36. tkmas-sâ- D-Zm-¯-amb _nw_Iev\-tbm-Sp-IqSn kqàw XpS-§p-¶p. Chn-sS- A-hs\ ]´-b-¯n-sâ- A-h-km-\-L-«-¯n-te¡p IS-¡p¶ ]´-b-¡p-Xn-c-bmbn Iev]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯n Ipd-¨p-IqSn Xmgv¶ IpXn-c-bm-sW-s¶mcp hyXym-k-ta-bp-Åq. Cu {]ta-bw- A-h-km-\-t¯-Xmb Bdmw-]-Zyw-hsc \ne-\n¡p-¶p. AXnÂ,- ]-t£, tkma³ kvtXm-Xm-¡Ä¡p-th-n- a-sämcp IpXn-csb tXSp-¶p. A\yYm C-Xv km[m-c-W-amb asäm-cp- tkm-a-kqàw am{X-a-t{X. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸mse (35. 1) tkm-as\ tPymXn-Êp-ambn _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶Xp {it²-b-am-Wv. BZy-s¯ -A©p ]Zy-§-fnepw ip²o-I- c-WmÀY-I-amb ]m[m-Xp-\n-jv]-¶-cq-]-§Ä ImWmw. 37. [mcmfw hyà-amb D]m-b-§Ä Cu kqà-¯n\v sFI-cq]yw \ÂIp-¶pv: Hmtcm ]Zy-hpw ""kx'' F¶mWv XpS-§p-¶-Xv. \mema-t¯sXm-gn-sI aäp ]Zy-§fnseÃmw IpXn-¡p-I, HmSp-I, Hgp-IpI F¶n-§- s\- C-{µ-\p-thn Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS- a-cn-I-I-fn-te-s¡m-gp-Ip¶ tkm-a-sâ- bm-{Xsb {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p¶ Ne\m-ß- I-{Inb ImWmw. IqSmsX bÚ-IÀa§Ä¡p `ua-sa¶Xn\p ]pdsa {]]-©-]-c-amb am\hpw Cu kqàw \ÂIp-¶p-v. ]Zyw aq¶nse sN½-cn-bm-«n³tXm ""kzÀK-¯nse {]Im-i-a-WvU-e-§Ä''¡pth-nbpw \ne sImÅp-¶p. A©nse tkmaw kzmX-{´y-¯n-sâbpw AXnÀ¯n-{]-tZ-imÀP-\-¯n-sâbpw hnim-e- amb aWvUew Is-¯p¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯nepw Cu AÀY-am\w ImWmw. AXnse bÚ-¯n-\pÅ X¿m-sd-Sp-¸pw {]mXxkh-\-¯nse kqcy-¯n-f¡hpw tkmasâ {]]-©-{]-hÀ¯-\-¯nsâ kqN-I§fm- Ip-¶p. 38 ap³kq-à-¯nsâ AtX Ihn-bpsS Cu kqàw ""Gj ky'' (CtX Ch³) F¶ hmN-Iw-sImv, cm-a-t¯-sXm-gn-sI- (C-Xn BZy-`mKw am{Xw) aäp ]Zy-§-sfÃmw XpS-§n-s¡mv kqà-¯n\v sFI- cq]yw hcp-¯p-¶p. Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ tkma-sâ- bm-{X-Xs¶ CXn-sebpw hnjbw (hn-ti-jn¨v 1, 6 ]Zy- §Ä). ]cn-IÀan-bpsS AwKp-eo-Iu-iew 2þ3 ]Zy-§-fn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. D]-a-Ifpw cq]-I-§fpw kqà- s¯ ({]-tXy-In¨v \memw ]Zyw) -k-Po-h-am-¡p-¶p. 39. Cu kq-à-¯nse B-Zy´]Zy-§Ä Bsc¶p Xncn-¨-dn-b-s¸Sm¯ hàm-¡Ä X½n-epÅ kw`m-j-W- §-fm-Wv. ChÀ ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cm-bn-cn-¡mw. H¶mw ]Zyw Acn-¸-bn-eqsS bÚ-`q-an-bn-te¡pÅ tkmasâ bm{X-bmWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶-Xv. AhnsS tZh-·mÀ lhn-Ên-\p-thn Im¯n-cn-¡p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n Ah³ AhnsS F¯p-t¼mÄ, ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ Ag-t\mSv AhnsS Xsâ Ccn-¸n-S-¯n Ccn-¡m³ ]d-bp- ¶p. 2þ5 ]Zy-§-fn bÚ-Ø-e-¯n-eq-sSbpw {]]-©-¯n-eq-sS-bp-apÅ tkma-bm{X hnhcn-¡p-¶p. 40. Cu kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv ]n¶o-Sp -hn-I-kn-¸n-¡msX t]mb ssk\n-I-{]-ta-b-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. ]I- cw, tkma³ R§Ä¡p \ÂIp¶ k¼-¯n-s\-¸än ]d-ªp-sIm-v. CXv aq¶mw-]-Zy-¯n Xp-S-§p-¶p. tkmam!, IWta! ip²o-I-cn-¡p-¶, R§Ä¡p sImp-h-¶mepw F¶ tI«p-a-Sp¯ {]tbm-K-§-fmWv kÀh{X! GXmv Cu tkma-a-WvUew apgph³ C§-s\-bm-sW¶p ]d-bmw. 41. CXpw ASp¯ cp kqà-§fpw (9. 41-þ43) Cu Ihn-bp-tS-Xm-Wv. 43. 3þ Ihn-bpsS t]cp ]cm- aÀin¡p-¶p-v. kqà-am-cw-`n-¡p-¶Xv "Idp-¯- tXmep'Imcs¶-Xnsc {Ip²-amb P\-¡q«t¯mSpÅ A]qÀW-amb hmIy-t¯m-sS-bm-sW-¶Xp {it²-b-am-Wv. Cu ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h³ cmw ]Zy-¯nse "Zkyp'hmbn-cn-¡-Ww. P\-¡q-«-¯nse LS-I-§Ä GsXm-s¡sb¶p hyà-a-Ã. tkma-c-k-§-fm-hmw. A\m-cy-i-{Xp-¡Äs¡-Xnsc-bm-WtÃm P\-¡q--«w. cmw ]Zyw Cu cwKw hopw im´ambpw IqSp-X hyà-ambpw cNn-¡p-¶p-v. AhnsS Zkyp-hn-P-bw-Xs¶ ImWmw. ]t£, tkma-sâ- ip-²o-I-c-W-bm-{X- bp-sS- lnw-km-ß-IXzw aq¶mw- ]-Zy-¯n Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ cmw ]IpXn IqSp-X km{¼- Zm-bn-I-a-t{X. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (5-þ6) tkmasâ {]]-©-_Ôw hyàw. 42. tkma-sâ- b-Ú-t¯mSpw {]]-©aWvUe-t¯m-Sp-apÅ D`-b-_-Ô-amWv Cu kqà-s¯ -\-bn-¡p-¶- Xv. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ah³ ]mÂan-{iWw, shÅ-¯-Xn Igp-I-s¸-S F¶n-§-s\-bpÅ bÚ-¯-¿m- sd-Sp-¸n ]s¦-Sp-¡-th, {]]t©m-ev]-¯n-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« alm-IÀa-§Ä \nÀh-ln-¡p-¶p. kqà¯n- ep-S-\ofw Cu Zznap-J-{]-hr¯n XpS-cp-¶p. DZm-l-W-am-bn- \m-emw- ]-Zy-¯n tkma³ Acn-¸-bn ]I-cth tZh-·msc P\n-¸n-¡p-¶p. ap³kqà-¯n-se- Bdmw ]Zy-¯n B{K-ln-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m--se -C-hn-sSbpw AtX A´na]Zy-¯n (6) `uXn-I-t\-«-§Ä {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. 43. ta[ym-Xn-Yn-bpsS Cu Ah-km-\-kq-à-¯n tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn Ihn-¡pÅ ]¦nsâ {]m[m- \y-¯n-te¡p {i²-bm-IÀjn-¡m³ {]tXyIw {ian-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n kz´w t]sc-Sp¯p ]d- bpI am{X-a-Ã, BZy-s¯ -aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn tkmas\ kqà-§ÄsImp s]mXn-b (1), kuµ-cy- h¡-cn¡Â (2), Ae-¦-cn-¡Â (3) F¶n-h-bn -Du-¶p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n (6) Cu kqà-§Ä cNn¨ Ihn-¡v, AXm-b-Xv, X\n¡p-X-s¶, (\à ]p{X-·mcpsS cq]-¯n-epÅ) DNn-X-amb ]mcn- tXm-jnIw Xc-W-sa¶v A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p-ap-v. 44. CXpÄs¸sS aq¶p kqà-§-fpsS (9. 44-þ46) Ihn A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn¨v Abm-ky-\m-Wv. Cu kqà¯nse BZy-]-Zy-¯nse Ah-km-\s¯ Abmky-]Zamhmw ImcWw. AXn-¶n-hn-sS -tkmas\¶m- WÀYw. tkma\v tZh-·m-cp-am-bpÅ _Ôhpw (1, 3, 5), tZh-·mÀ¡pw \ap-¡p-w, {]tXy-In¨v Ihn-IÄ¡pw, C-S-bn a[y-hÀ¯nsb¶ Ahsâ ]¦p-amWv (2, 5) CXnse {]ta-bw. 45. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n tkma³ a\p-jysc Däp-t\m-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n (6) Ah³ a\p-jy-\mb Xsâ kvtXmXm-hn\v {]Xn-^ew \ÂIp-¶-Xn {i²n-¡p-¶p. tkma³ ]Xn-hp-t]mse Acn-¸-bn-eqsS ip²o- I-c-W-bm-{Xbv¡p t]mIp-¶p (1-þ2). ]mep-ambn IeÀ¯-s¸-Sp¶p (3). ASp¯ Imes¯ ]e tkma-kq-à- §-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn Acn-¸-bv¡-¸p-d-apÅ L«-¯nepw, 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fnse {it²-b-amb _nw_-I- ev]-\-I-fn--eqsS, tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. 46. Cu kqàw ]cn-Nn-X-amb Nne Imcy-§-Ä Ah-tem-I\w sN¿p-¶p. tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn hnc- ep-IÄ¡pÅ ]¦v (4, 6), ]Àh-X-§-fnse AXnsâ t{kmXÊv (1), {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n hmbphpw (2) C{µ\pw (3, 6) BZys¯ tkma-l-hn-Êp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p-¶Xv F¶nh. cmw ]Zy-¯n tkma-I-W- §sf hnhm-l-¯n-\p-thn Ae-¦r-X-bmb h[p-hmbn Iev]n-¡p-¶Xv {it²-b-a-t{X. 47. ASp¯ aq¶p kqà-§Ä (47-þ49) Ihn `mÀK-h-\n Btcm-]n-X-am-Wv. 9. 75-þ79 kqà-§fpw Ihn `mÀK-h-tâ-Xp-X-s¶-sb¶p A\p-{I-aWn ]d-bp-¶p. Cu kqà¯nse tkmaw XnI¨pw hyXykvXhpw ka-tcm-ÕpIhp-am-Ip-¶p. BÀPnXiàn-(1-)bp-]-tbm-Kn¨v Ah³ C{µsâ h{P-s¯-t¸mse Zkyp-¡sf \in-¸n-¡pIbpw (2) sImÅ-ap-X-ep-IÄ t\Sp-Ibpw (3-þ5) sN¿p-¶p. ]t£, AtX tkmaw Ihnbpw (4) IhnX kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-h\p(5)-am-Wv. AXv a\p-jy-\mb Ihn¡p c£n-Xm-hnÂ\n¶p \n[n t\Sm³ kuIcyw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶p. 48. Ihn kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv s]mXp-hmb coXn-bn- t\«-¯n-\p-thnbpÅ A`yÀY-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm- Wv (1). ap³kq-à-¯nse ka-tcm-Õp-I-{]-tabw cmw ]Zy-¯nepw ImWmw (2). H³]Xmw aWvU-e- ¯n asä-hn-sSbpw apJy-ambn ImWm¯ kzÀK-¯nÂ\n-¶pÅ kp]ÀWsâ (I-gp-I³) tkmam-]-l- cWsa¶ ]pc-hr¯amWv 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fnse hnj-bw. Kmb-{Xo-_-²-amb an¡ tkma-kq-à-§-fnÂ\n¶pw hyXy-kvX-ambn CXn tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xnsâ hyà-amb ]cm-aÀi-ap-v. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n (5) tkmaw ""t{]cn-¸n-¡p¶''Xnsâ ISm£w þ Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ tkma-¯nsâ i²o-I-c-W-bm-{X-bpsS XpS¡w þ ImWmw. 49. Cu kqà-¯nse Hmtcm ]Zyhpw ""]q'' (ip-²o-I-cn-¡p-I) [mXp-hnsâ Hmtcm cq]hpw (aq¶mw ]Zy- ¯n cv) \memw ]Zy-¯nse ""]hn{Xw'' (A-cn-¸) Hgn¨v FÃm {Inb-Ifpw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 3þ5 ]Zy- §Ä ""[mcbm'' (A-cp-hn-bnÂ) F¶ ]Zw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. A§s\ kqà-¯n\p KmV-amb ]Z-L-S- \bpw AXp-t]mse ]cn-an-X-amb DÅ-S-¡-hp-ap-v. `£-W-¯n\pw t]mj-W-¯n-\p-ambn agbv¡pw (1, 3þ4) ]ip-¡Ä(3)¡papÅ {]mÀY-\-bmWv kqà-hn-j-bw. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä tkma-s\ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p¶p; A´n-a-]Zyw (5) {]mÀY\ k^-e-am-sb¶p ]d-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 50. ASp¯ aq¶p kqà-§Ä (9-. 50-þ52) EtKz-Z-¯n asäm-c-nS¯pw ImWm¯ Hcp- I-hn-bp-tS-Xm-Wv. CXv an¡-hmdpw ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cm (3) X¿m-dm¡-s¸-«p-sIm-n-cn-¡p¶ tkma¯nsâbpw (1), bÚ-kvXp- XnbpsSbpw (4) i_vZ-¯n tI{µo-I-cn-¡p¶ hy-Xy-kvX-am-sbmcp kqà-a-t{X. cmw ]Zy-¯n-se - tÇjw Ahn-Ss¯ ]ptcm-ln-X-i-_vZ-§Ä At\ym\yw aÕcn-¡p-Ibpw bÚ-{]-Xn-^-e-am-{K-ln-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-Xmbn kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zyw ""Ipg-¼p-I''-sf¶pw ""cm{Xn-I''-sf¶pw AÀY-apÅ ""Aàp''- i-_vZw-sImv asämcp tÇj-km-[yX {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 51. Cu efn-X-amb kqàw tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn CS-s]-Sp¶ a\p-jy-\p-ambpw (A-[zcyp F¶ ]ptcm- ln-X-\p-am-bpw) (1) kvtXmXm-hp-ambpw (4) AXp `£n-¡p¶ C{µ-\p-ambpw (1-þ2)- aäp tZh-·m-cp-ambpw acp- ¯p-¡-fp-ambpw (3) _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶p. 1, 5 ]Zy-§-Ä Acn-¸-bn-te-¡pÅ {]this¯¸-än-bm-Wv. 52. CtX Ihn-bpsS EPp-hmb ap³kqà-¯nÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn Cu kqàw, {]tXy-In-¨v, aq¶mw ]Zyw Iui-e-§Ä \nd-ª-Xm-Wv. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fpsS DÅ-S¡w tkma-¯nsâ Acn-¸-bn-te- ¡pÅ {]th-iamWv. 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fnÂ, BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn-se-t¸mse, D¨m-c-W-]-chpw cq]-]-c-hp- amb Iui-e-§-fpap-v. 53. ASp¯ F«p kqà-§Ä (9. 53-þ60) Ah-Õm-c- Im-iy-]-tâ-Xm-Wv. CtX Ihn-bpsS kqàw 5. 44-þse tÇj-Ñmbmkt¦Xwt]mepÅ H¶v Chn-sSbpw \ng-em«w \S-¯p-¶p-v. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fnepw ]d-bmsX hn« cm-as¯ AÀYw hmb-\-¡mÀ kzbw a\-Ênem-¡-Ww. BZys¯ ]Zyw C{µ\p tNÀ¶- Xm-Wv. ]t£, ""A{Znh''i_vZw t]mep-Åh tkma\pw tbmPn-¡pw. cmw ]Zy-hpw- `m-Kn-I-ambn Ccp-tZ- h-·mÀ¡pw tNcpw. hc-pWt¶m BZn-Xyt¶m tbmPn-¡m-hp-¶-XmWv aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nsâ AÀY-L-S-\. \memw ]Zyw- am-{X-amWv tkma-\p- am{Xw tNcp-¶-Xv. AXp-t]mepw C{µs\ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-v. 54. ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse CXv BZy-]-Zy-§-fn kqX-\m-ß-I-amb ]Zm-hen {]tbm-Kn-¨p-sImv kqàm- h-km\w hsc Ahy-à-a-Ãm¯ XmZm-ßy-I-cWw DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, ap³kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn Ihn hmb-\-¡msc sXän-²-cn-¸n-¡mt\m sXämbn \bn-¡mt\m {ian-¡p-¶n-Ã. hyà-amb {]tl-fn-Im-]-c-¼-c-bmWv kqà-L-S-\-bn-ep-Å-Xv. tkma-¯n-sâ Hu-¶Xyw kÀh{X kphy-àw. ap³kq- àm-´y-]-Zyw- t]mse CXnepw Ah-km-\-]Zyw IWhpw C{µ\pw X½n-epÅ _Ôw ImWn-¨n-«p-v. - 55. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä tkma-e-X-bp-sS- X-ns\ ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. ]t£, AXnsâ ]¦v ChnsS Ahy-à-am-Wv. H¶mw ]Zyw Irjnsb¸än ]d-bp-¶Xv {it²-b-am-Wv. ]t£, Chn-sSbpw AXnsâ {]kàn XnI¨pw hyà-a-Ã. ssk\n-I-amb tkmaw \memw ]Zy-¯n {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. 56. Cu efn-X-kq-à-¯nse BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä tkma-¯nsâ Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ bm{Xbpw (1) sN½-cn-bm-«n³tcmaw-sIm-pÅ Nmep-I-fn-eqsS {Zhw ]e Acp-hn-I-fmbn Hgp-Ip-¶Xpw (2) hnc-ep-IÄsIm- v AXv Hcp-¡p-¶Xpw (3) hnh-cn-¡p¶p. \memw ]Zyw X§Ä¡pw X§-fpsS Bfp-IÄ¡pw kwc-£-W- a-`yÀYn-¡p-Ibpw tkma-s¯ tZh-·m-cmb kzoIÀ¯m-¡Ä¡p-thn Hgp-Im³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 57. Cu eLp-kq-à-¯n tkmas¯ Hfnªpw sXfnªpw ag-tbmSpw (1), tbm²m-thmSpw (2), \nb-a-hn- t[-b-\mb cmPm-hn-t\mSpw/ {]P-I-tfmSpw Iq«nse ]cp-´n-t\mSpw (3) kmZr-iy-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p. A´n-a-amb \memw ]Zyw ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]mse A`yÀY-\-I-fn tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. 58. IuXp-I-I-c-amb Hcp eLp-kq-àw. \mep ]Zy-§-fnepw XnI¨pw tkma-¯n\p tNcp¶Xpw Hcp hcn- apgp-h-\p-Å-Xp-amb ]Ã-hn-bp-v. BZy-]Zyw apgp-h³ tkma-s¯-¸-än-bm-Wv. ]t£, cm-a-t¯Xv Dj-Ên- \mWv IqSp-X tbmPn-¡p-I. aq¶pw \mepw kw£n-]vX-amb Hcp Zm\-kvXp-Xn-b-t{X. 59. \mep ]Zy-§-fn Hmtcm¶pw ""]hkz'' (kzbw ip²o-I-cn-¨m-epw) F¶ cq]-¯ntem AÃm-sXtbm kzbw ip²o-I-c-Wm-ibw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. cmw ]Zyw bÚ-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« shÅw kky-§Ä, Aánsb {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ [nj-W-(hn-ip-²-Øm-\w)bpsS ASp-¸p-IÄ F¶nh ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. \ap¡p th \à Imcy-§Ä Is-¯p¶ tkma³/aw Cu kqà-¯nsâ apJy-{]-ta-b-a-t{X. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ah³ a\p-jy-cm-{K-ln-¡p¶ `uXn-Ihpw am\-kn-I-hp-am-b -km-[-\-§Ä Is-¯p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n Ah³ {]m]-©n-I-X-e-¯nte¡p-b-cp-¶p. 60. Cu eLp-kqàw Xr]vXn-I-camw hn[w ZrV-amb H¶m-Wv. BZy-´-]-Zy-§Ä ""AXn-cä'' (hn-NÀj-Wn) F¶ hnti-j-W-apÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Hmtcm ]Zy-¯nÂ\n¶pw ASp¯ ]Zy-¯n-te-¡pÅ irwJem_Ôw IqSp-X {][m-\-am-Wv. A´y-]m-Z-¯nse {][m-am-sbmcp `mKwsImv ASp¯ ]Zyw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. ]e {]mNo-\a-e-bmf]m«p-Im-hy-§-fn-ep-apÅ A´m-Zn-{]m-k-t¯mSp an¡-hmdpw ASp-¯p-h-cp¶ Hcp i_vZm-e- ¦m-c-am-Wn-sX¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xn sXän-söp tXm¶p-¶p. ap³ kqà-¯nse BZy-]Zy¯nsâ A´y-]mZw (""c-Xv\''-¯n\p ]Icw ""tcXx'' F¶ hyXymk-sam-gn-sI) Cu kqà-¯nse BZy-]-Zy-¯nse A´y-]m-Zw- X-s¶-sb-¶Xpw Hcp {]tXy-I-X-bm-Ip-¶p. 61. tkma-a-WvU-e-¯nse BZys¯ Kmb-{Xo-_-²-amb Adp-]Xp kqà-§-fn ]Zy-§Ä AWn \nc-¯- s¸-«Xv F®w Ipd-ªp-Ip-d-ªp-h-cp¶ {Ia-¯n-em-Wv: 10-þ XpS§n \men-se-¯pw-h-sc. B{]o-kq-àw(9. 5) am{X-am-W-]-hm-Zw. AXn 11 ]Zy-§-fm-Wv. ]t£, Kmb-{Xo-]-c-¼c Bdp ap¸-Xp-]-Zy-kq-à-§-tfmsS (9. 61-þ66) Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶v ap¸-¯ncp ]Zy-§-fpÅ Hcp kqà-am-Wv (9. 67). FÃm-än-sâbpw kwhn-[m\w XrN-§-fn-em-Wv. Hmtcm¶pw Hmtcm Ihn-bp-sStbm Ihn-kw-L-¯n-sâtbm t]cn-e-t{X. Kmb- {Xo-]-c-¼c Ah-km-\n-¡p¶Xp-hsc CXp-X-s¶-bmWv ØnXn. Cu {]tXy-I-kq-à-¯n XrN-§Ä¡- It¯m Ah X½ntem sFIy-ap-Å-Xn\p sXfn-shm-¶p-an-Ã. tkma-kq-à-§-fpsS \ne-hm-c-s¸« hnj-b- §Ä þ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xnsâ hni-Z-hn-h-c-§Ä (4-þ5), X¿m-dm-¡p-¶Xv GXp tZh-·mÀ¡p-th-n-bm-sW¶ Imcyw (8-þ9), tkma-¯nsâ {]m]-©n-I-_-Ô-§Ä (10, 16, 18), ""R§Ä'' tNmZn-¡p¶ ]mcn-tXm-jn-Ihpw klm-bhpw (3, 23-þ24) þ Ch-sbÃmw, {Ia-sam-¶p-an-Ãm-sX-bm-sW-¦n-epw, ià-am-Wv. ]t£, thÀXn-cn-¨-dn- tb Hcp {]h-W-X-bpv: t\cnt«m aäm-sc-¦nepw, hnti-jn¨v C{µ³ aptJ-\tbm i{Xp-¡-tfmSp aÕ-cn- ¡p-¶-Xn tkma-¯n-\pÅ ]¦n\v Du¶Â \ÂIp-¶p. kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv tkma-¯nsâ kzm[o-\- ¯n C{µ³ (t]cv ]d-bm-sX-bm-sW-¦n-epw) A\p-jvTn-¡p¶ Nne hoc-IÀa-§Ä ]cm-aÀin-¡p¶ cp ]Zy-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. \mi-Ihpw B{Im-a-I-tbm²r-Xz-]-chp-amb- tkma¯nsâ -{]-tabw kqàm-´y-`m- K-§-fn Ah-km-\s¯ cp XrN-§-fn hym]n-¨p-\n¡p-¶p. 62. ZoÀLsa-¦nepw Cu kqàw tkmaw X¿m-dm¡p-¶-Xnsâ ]cn-Nn-X-amb hni-Zmw-i-§Ä, ]e-t¸mgpw {]m]-©n-I-amb kam-´-c-§Ä Øm]n-¨p-sImv al-Xz-h¡-cn-¡p-¶-Xn tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. sN½-cn- bm-«n³tcm-a-¯n\p Ipdp-sI-bpÅ bm{X khn-tijw {][m-\-am-Wv. tkmaw IqS-¡qsS {ZpX-K-Xn-bmb IpXn-c-tbmSv D]-an-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. 17-þmw ]Zyw {]tXy-In¨v {it²-b-am-Ip-¶p. ChnsS tkmaw bÚ-¯n- sâ- tXÀ\pI-¯n sI«-s¸« IpXn-c-bm-Wv. AXn\p aq¶p ]n³`m-K-§fpw aq¶n-cn-¸n-S-§-fp-ap-v. Ggv Ejn-am-cpsS ZmÀi-\n-I-Nn-´-sIm-pÅ aq¶p kh-\-§fpw aq¶v Aán-I-fp-am-bn-cn-¡mw. kqà-¯nsâ cmw `mK-¯n hnti-jn¨pw tkmas¯ ]e-t¸mgpw Ihn-sbt¶m Imhy-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-sXt¶m hnfn-¡p-¶-Xv (13, 14, 25, 26, 27, 30) {i-t²-b-a-t{X. A´na-]-Zy-¯n ""EXx Ihnx'' (k-Xy-kÔ-\mb Ihn AYhm kXy-a-b-\mb Ihn)-F¶p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ krjvSn-]-c-amb hm¡nsâ ià-amb Bhn- jvI-c-Ww-Xs¶ CXv. 63. ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸m-se, CXv bÚ-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸«p tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¸än-bm-Wv. ]t£, C§s\ X¿m-dm-¡p-¶Xv IqSp-X hn]p-ehpw k¦-ev]-\-]-c-hpamb temI-¯n \S-¡p-¶-Xmbn Nn{Xo-I- cn-¡p-¶p. Hcp hi¯v Cu ip²o-I-cWw Bcy-h¡-c-W-¯n-sâ- `m-K-am-bmWv ImW-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv (5). am{X- a-Ã, tkma-¯n-sâ Cu ip²o-I-cWw \S-¡p-¶- Acn¸ Bcy-km-{am-Py-§-fm-bn-¯o-cp¶p (14). tkmaw IpdpsI IS-¡p¶ shÅhpw (5, 2), AXv hcn-¡p¶ \Zn-Ifpw (17), tkma-eX Igp-Ip¶ bÚ-P-ehpw shÅhpw aäp kwbp-à-hp-ambn IeÀ¯p-¶Xpw {]Xn-cq-]m-ß-Iambn Bcy-·mÀ XcWw sN¿p¶ AXnÀ¯n-\-Zn-Ifpw Ah-cpsS km{am-Py-§-fp-sS- hn-]p-e-\p-hp-am-Ip-¶p. (sXm-«p-ap³]s¯ cp kqà- §-fnse ""hnim-e-amb Øe''s¯¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]cm-aÀi-§Ä {i²n-¡p-I). adp-h-i-¯v, tkmas¯¯- s¶ kq-cy-\p-ambn kmZy-iy-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw N¿p¶Xpw (7-þ9 XrN-§Ä, ]Zyw 13) tkma-¯n-sâ- A-cn-¸bv¡p Ipdp-sI-bpÅ bm{Xbpw kqcysâ Znh-tk-\- \S-¡p¶ kzÀK-¯n\p Ipdp- sI-bpÅ bm{XbpsS {]Xn-cq-]m-ß-I-amb hÀW\a-tÃ? bÚ-{]-hÀ¯-\-§Ä `qan-bn BZys¯ bP- am-\-\pw Bcy-·m-cp-sS- kmw-kvIm-cn-I-]n-Xm-hp-amb a\p \S-¯p-¶-Xm-b-Xp-sImv (7-þ8) kqtcym-Z-bw- t]mepw ]tcm-£-ambn a\p-tjym-Z-b-s¯-bmtWm kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv F¶pw kwi-bn-¡mw. FÃm Xc-¯n- ep-apÅ `uXn-I-km-[-\-§Ä¡pth-n tkmaw FÃm i{Xp-¡-sfbpw \in-¸n-¡s« F¶p-w aäp-apÅ {]mÀY\IÄ (24, 26, 28-þ29) kqàm-´y-¯n hnti-jn¨pw ImWmw. 64. Cu kqàw tkmaw Imf-bm-sW¶p Øm]n-¡p¶ XrN-t¯m-Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-¶p. XpSÀ¶p-h-cp¶ an¡ `mKhpw ip²o-I-c-W-{]-{In-b-bpsS km{¼-Zm-bn-Ihn-h-c-W-am-Wv. AXnsâ ""kap-{Z''-{]-th-i-\¯n\v hnti-jn¨v Du¶Â sImSp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p (8, 16, 17, 19, 27). ChnsS kap-{Z-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv ip²o-I-c-W-P- e-s¯-bm-sW¶p ]d-tb--Xn-Ã-tÃm. ap³kq-à-¯n I kqcy-\p-ambpÅ _Ôw tkmas\ Ahsâ IpXn-c-bmb GX-i-\p-ambn \pI-¯n sI«pI am{X-a-Ã, Ah-\p-ambn XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯I F¶ \ne-bn ChnsSbpw (19) kqàm-´y-]-Z-§-fnepw (30. 7, 9 IqSn t\m¡pI) ImWmw. tkmasâ {]Im-ihpw HuÖz- eyhpw kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p (1, 8, 13, 15, 28). 65. ]h-am\ tkma\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-« Cu aWvU-e-¯nÂt¸mepw Cu kqà-¯nse \nc´c-amb B hnti-j-W-¯n-sâbpw- AXp-ambn _Ô-s¸« ""kzbw ip²o-I-cn-¨mepw'' F¶ {Inbm-cq-]-¯nsâbpw BhÀ¯-\w \nÀWm-b-I-a-t{X. {]tXy-In¨v ""B ]hkz'' (kzbw ip-²o-I-cn-¨m-epw) F¶ \njvIÀj-I- amb ssienbpw tkma³ ChnsS km[-\-§Ä ssIh-cp-¯Wsa¶ At]-£-bpw. tkma-sam-cp-¡p-¶-Xn- sâ-hn-i-Zmw-i-§Ä CS-bv¡nsS Dv. BsI-¡qSn kqàw {]tNm-Z\w Xcm-¯Xpw BhÀ¯-\-hn-c-k-hpw- X-s¶. 22-þ24 ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp¶ XrNw hnc-kX Iptd-sbms¡- C-Ãm-Xm-¡p-¶p. 66. Cu kqàw Gsd henb Be-¦m-cn-I-e-£y-§Ä ap³ \nÀ¯n- c-Nn-¡m³ XpS-§n-bXpw A{Xsbm¶pw km[n-¡msX t]mb-Xp-amb H¶m-Wv. tkma-sam-cp-¡-s¸-Sp¶ \nb-{´n-X-amb {]tZ-is¯ ]e {]]-©-a- WvU-e-§-fp-ambpw {]Ir-Xn-{]-Xn-`m-k-§-fp-ambpw Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p (2-þ3, 5þ6, 12-þ13). tkma-s\-¯s¶ {]Xy-£-amtbm ]tcm-£-amtbm ]e tZh-X-I-fp-ambpw {]Ir-Xn-i-àn-I-fp-ambpw Ah-sc -A-h-\p-ambpw D]-an-¡p-¶p. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn kqcy³ (18, 22, 27), Aán (19-þ21). Ihnbpw tkma-sâ kJyw tXSp-¶pv (1, 4, 14, 18). 67. H³]Xmw aWvU-e-¯n-se- Km-b-{Xo-k-am-lm-c-¯nse Cu A´n-a-kqàw A\p-{I-a-Wn-{]-Imcw Ggp hnhn-[-I-hn-I-fpsS krjvSn-bmWv. Ch-scÃmw EtKz-Z-¯n¯s¶ Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶-h-cm-Wv. BZys¯ Hmtcm XrNw Cu Ggn Hmtcm-cp-¯-cp-tS-Xv. 22 apX¡p-Åh atä-sX-¦nepw Ihn-bp-tStXm hkn-jvT-sâ-X- s¶tbm Bhmw. XoÀ¨-bmbpw CXnsâ `mK-§Ä XnI¨pw hnhn-[-§-fm-Wv. BZys¯ 21 ]Zy-§Ä aäp ]h-am-\-]-Zy-§-sf-t¸mse km{¼-Zm-bn-I-a-t{X. A{Xn-hn-c-Nn-Xhpw ]qjm-hn\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xp-amb 10-þ12 ]Zy-§-fpÄs¡m-f-fp¶ XrNw Cu k{¼-Zm-b-¯nÂ\n¶p thdn-«p-\n¡p-¶p. Chn-sS-sbm-gnsI ]qjm- hn\p Cu tkmaaWvUe-¯n ]d-b-¯¡ Øm\-an-Ã. 68. tkma-a-WvU-e-¯nse PK-Xo-hr-¯-\n-_-²-amb kqà-§-fn BZys¯ Cu kqàw {lkz--hpw \nb{´n- Xhpamb Kmb{XnbnÂ\n¶p Xmc-X-tay\ ZoÀL-amb hr-¯-¯nte¡p amdpt¼m-gpÅ `mh-\m-ß-Ihpw k¼-¶-hp-amb km[y-X-IÄ¡nSw \ÂIp-¶pv. kqàw tkma-b-Ú-¯n XpS-§p-¶p. X¿m-sd-Sp-¸nsâ hni-Zmw-i§Ä (1-þ2), Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ bm{X, ]m IeÀ¯Â, icn-¡pw Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ {]{In- b-bpsS hni-Zmw-i-§Ä apX-em-bh XpSÀ¶p hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fn bm{X {]]-©-¯n-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. kzÀKhpw `qanbpw tkma-bm-{X-bpsS aWvU-e-§fm-Wv. A©mw ]Zyw 1þ2 se bÚ-tkm- ahpw 3þ4 se {]]-©-tkm-ahpw X½n-epÅ hyXym-k-¯n\p hni-Zo-I-cWw \ÂIp-¶p. Ah\p cp P·- §fpv: cl-kyhpw ]c-ky-hp-am-b-h. tkmasâ cm-as¯ cq]w, `uXn-Ihpw Zriy-hp-amb cq]w `qan- bn sImp-h-¶Xv Bdmw ]Zy-¯n ]d-bp-¶p. Ihn-Ifpw bÚ-hn-Z-Kv[cpw Ahs\ bÚ-tkm-a-ambn cq]m-´cw hcp¯n \ap-¡n¶p ]cn-N-b-apÅ coXn-bn-em-¡p-¶p. 7þ9 ]Zy-§-fn IqSp-X hyà-ambn ka-Im-en-I-amb tkma-¯nsâ iàn-IÄ hÀWn-¡p-¶p. 8þ9 ]Zy-§Ä kzÀK-¯n-te-¡pÅ hgn-bn ""hm¡p-bÀ¯p-''¶Xpw ""hnim-e-amb hnImkw Is-¯p-¶-Xp''-sams¡ {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. 69. ]kn-²-amb C{µ-kq-à-(1. 32)¯nsâ Ihn-bpsS Xs¶-bmWo tkma-]-h-am-\-kq-à-hpw. ]e- cq-]-§- fnepw {]I-Sn-X-amb \nXy-\q-X-\-§-fmb _nw_-I-ev]-\-I-fmepw cq]-tIm]-am-Zy-e-¦m-c-§-fmepw km{µ-am- Wn-Xv. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n-se-t¸mse ]e hÀWy-§fpw Htc ka-b¯v hymJym-\n-¡-s¸-Sm-hp¶ hn[-¯n AÀY]p-jvI-e-amWv Nne ]Zy-§Ä. B ]Zy-¯n-sâ- a-[y-`m-K¯v Nn´bpw tkmahpw hÀWy-§-fm-W-tÃm. BZy-s¯-cp ]Zy-§-fnepw Imhy-t{]-c-I-amWv hnj-b-sa-¶-Xn-\m Cu AÀY-]u-jvIeyw kzm`m-hnIw am{Xw. 3þ7 ]Zy-§-fn tkma-¯nsâ Acn-¸-bn-eq-sSbpÅ bm{Xbpw ]mÂan-{i-Whpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 4þ5  Cu an{iWw AXn-hn-]p-e-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-I-fn s]mXnªp hÀWn-¡p-¶p. {]]-©-am-Ip¶ hkv{X- ¯n-em-W-Xnsâ Ah-km\w (5). km[-\-§Ä¡pw klm-b-¯n-\p-apÅ km{¼-Zm-bn-I-cq-]-¯n-epÅ {]mÀY- \-I-tfmsS kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. 70. C\n-bpw- ]-cn-l-cn-¡-s¸-«n-«n-Ãm¯ Nne {]tl-fn-I-IfpÄs¡mÅp-¶ k¦oÀWhpw hnjaw ]nSn-¨-Xp- amb kqàw. kzÀKo-b-tkm-a-¯nsâbpw `ua-amb- -b-Ú-tkm-a-¯nsâbpw BXy-´n-I-amb -sF-Iy¯nepÅ hyXym-k-amWv kqà-¯nsâ {]ta-bw. Cu tNÀ¨-tISv BZy-]-Zy-¯n Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. AhnsS ""bYmÀY'' amb- ]mÂan-{iWw kzÀK-¯n-em-Wp-m-hp-¶-sX¶pw temI-§Ä tkmasâ hkv{X-am-sW¶pw ]d- bp-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯nÂ, CXnÂ\n¶p hncp-²-ambn `qan-bnse tkmaw bÚ-amÀ-K-§-fn-eqsS {]m]-©n- I-IÀa-§-f-\p-jvTn-¨p-sImv kzÀK-¯n-se tkma-¯nsâ `mKw tXSm-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶p-sh¶p {]Xn-]m-Zn- ¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm-¶p-¶p. tkma-¯nsâ Zo]-kvXw`w a\p-jy-cnepw tZh-·m-cnepw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw AXnsâ ^e-ambn AXns\ AhÀ cmPm-hmbn AwKo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p-sh¶p ImWn-¡p-¶-XmWv ASp¯ ]Zyw (3). a\p-jy-cnepw tZh-·m-cnepw `qan-bnepw kzÀK-¯nepw a[yØ\mbn {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶ tkmasâ ]¦v ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn (4-þ6) D]-\y-kn-¡p¶p. ChnsS Nnse-S¯v Ahy-àX tXm¶p-¶p. Ah- km-\s¯ \mep ]Zy-§-fn (7-þ10) bÚ-tkm-a-¯nsâ BXy-´n-I-e-£y-§fnte¡pw C{µsâ ico-c- ¯n-te¡pw Xncn-bp-¶p. ]t£, BZy-]-Zy-§-fn hyà-am-¡nb tkmasâ {]m]-©n-I-_-Ô-§Ä Ahs\ tZthm-Nn-X-amb `£-W-am-¡p-¶p. 71. Cu kqà-¯nsâ hnjbw, ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se, Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS hnhn-[-X-¿m-sd-Sp-¸p-L-«-§Ä¡p- tijw bÚ-]m-\o-b-sa¶ \ne-bn Xsâ Ccn-¸n-S-¯n-te-¡pÅ tkmasâ- bm-{X-bm-Wv. bm{X EPp- hmbn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXv tZh-·m-cpsS ASp-s¯-¯pIbpw A´n-a-L-«sa¶ \ne-bn kvXpXn- Km-\-t¯msSmcp-an-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (8). 72. Cu kqà-¯n tkma-w `uXn-Ihpw im_vZn-I-hp-ambn X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn\v Du¶Â \ÂIn-bn-cn- ¡p-¶p. BZy-]-Zy-¯n¯s¶ CXnsâ Hcp¡w ImWmw. AhnsS BZy-]m-Z-¯n AÚm-X-cmb ]ptcm- ln-X-·mÀ hnj-b-§sf ""Xtem-Sp-¶p''; AÚm-X-cmb kvtXmXm-¡Ä tkmas\ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯nepw Cu hn`mKw ImWmw. 4þ6, 8 F¶o ]Zy-§ÄIqSn t\m¡p-I. 73. k¦oÀWhpw \nKq-Vm-ß-I-hp-amb kqàw. CXnsâ _p²n-ap-«p-IÄ {][m-\-ambpw hcp-¶Xv CXnsâ AÀYw Htc kabw cs-®-s¯- ]-cm-aÀin-¡p-¶psh-¶-XnÂ\n¶m-Wv. Acn-¸-bn-eqsS i_vZm-b-am-\- ambn HgpIn ]pd-t¯-¡p-h-cp¶ tkmam-cp-hn-I-sfbpw bm{Xbn tkmas¯ AI-¼Sn tkhn-¡p¶ ]ptcm-ln-X-·msc/Ihn-I-sfbpw Htc kabw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-XmWo kqàw. Ihn-bpsS t]cnÂt]mepw (]-hn-{X-i-_vZw) Cu tÇjaptÃm. tkmaw ip²o-I-cn-¡p¶ Acn-¸bpw bÚ-h-N-Êp-¨-cn-¡p¶ Ihnbpw ]hn-{X-\m-a-¯n Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p (3, 7þ9). hcp-Wsâ aqÀ¯o-`m-h-ambn tkmas\ Iv hc-Wsâ ambsb tkma-\n Btcm-]n-¨p-sIm-pÅ {]tbm-K-§fpw Cu kqà-¯n khn-ti-j-ambn \ne-\n¡p-¶p. 74. hnZ-Kv[-I-hn-bmb I£o-hm-sâ -kq-à-§Ä ap³]pw (1. 116-þ126) -h-¶n-«p-v. F«mw ]Zy-¯n Ihn Xsâ t]cv ]cm-aÀin-¡p¶p. CXv H¶mw aWvU-e-¯nse kqà-§-sf-t¸mse k¦oÀW-a-sÃ-¦nepw ap³kq- à-s¯-t¸mse (9. 73) Hcp-Xcw Ahy-à-kp-µ-c-Xbv¡p hgn-sh-¡p-¶p-v. Ihn Nne hÀWy-§Ä AaÀ¯n- sh-¡p-¶Xmbn ImWmw. tkma-i_vZw cn-S¯pw (7, 9) ip²o-Icn¡pI (]-h-tX) F¶ i_vZw Hcn- S¯pw (9) am{Xta DÅq F¶Xp {it²-bw. tkmas¯ ag-bp-ambn XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-XmWv BZys¯ ZzbmÀY-]-cm-aÀiw. {]tXy-In¨pw 4þ6 ]Zy-§-fnÂ. 75. hmNn-tIm-ev]-¶-§-fnepw Dev]m-Z-\-§-fnepw tkmasâ AKm-[amb CS-s]-S-emWv BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fpsS hnj-bw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ah³ kz´w t]cp-IÄsImp kzbw iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. cn `uXn-Ihpw (\m-hv, hàm-hv) k¦-ev]-\m-ß-I-hp-amb (A-ѳ) kXy-¯n-sâbpw DÄ¡m-gv¨-bp- sSbpw t{kmX-Ên-eq-sS-bpw. cmw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯n Ah\n Hfn-ªn-cn-¡p¶ t]cp-IÄ Adn-bm-sa¶p am{X-a-Ã, adn-¨v, aI³ amXm-]n-Xm-¡Äs¡¶-t]mse Ah \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. aäp aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä bÚ-tkm-a-sam-cp-¡p¶ hn[w km{¼-Zm-bn-I-co-Xn-bn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ {]]- ©-i-àn-I-fp-am-bpÅ _Ôw, ]t£, hyà-amWv (4). CXpw-Xp-SÀ¶pÅ \mep kqà-§fpw (9. 75-þ79) Kmb-{Xo-kq-à-§-fpsS (9. 47-þ49) Ihn-b-tS-Xp-X-s¶. 76. ka-tcm-Õp-I-\mb Cu tkmasâ Nn{Xw Ihn `mÀK-h-sâ -ssk-\n-I-ssN-X-\y-amb 9. 47-þt\mSp kam-\-am-Ip-¶p. ip²o-I-c-W-{]-{In-b-bn-eqsS bm{X sN-¿p¶ tkmasâ bp²-_nw-_-I-ev]-\-I-fpsS ]c- ¼c ChnsS ImWmw. Ahsâ- bp-²-ss\-]pWn A´n-a-]-Zys¯ (5) DÖz-e-am-¡p-¶p. ]t£, tkma³ tbm²mhp am{X-a-Ã, Imhy-a-Õ-c-§-fn hnP-bn-¡p¶ hmNn-I-I-em-[n-]³ Iq-Sn-b-t{X (4). {lkz-sa-¦nepw hfsc Xr]vXn-I-c-amb ImhyJWvU-amWo kqàw. 77. ]cn-Nn-X-amb tkma-ip-²o-I-c-W-¯n-\p -]p-d-sa (1, 3, 4), kqàw kzÀK-¯nÂ\n¶p ]cp´v tkmam- ]-l-cWw \S-¯p¶ ]pcm-hr¯w {lkzambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p (2). kzÀK-¯nse As¼-bv¯p-Im-c-\mb Irim\p {]Xn-Imcw sN¿p-¶-Xmbn EtKz-Z-¯n Nnte-S¯p ]cm-aÀin-¨Xp-IqSn ChnsS hcp-¶p-v. \memw ]Zyw ap³]p ]d-ª-Xp-t]mse Hcp km[m-cW tkma-]-Zy-am-Wv. F¶m AXnse \memw hcn ]cp-j-tkmaw Xsâ {`qWw [cn-¡p-¶-Xmbn ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶Xv hnNn-{X-ambn tXm¶p-¶p. Ah-km-\-]-Zy- ¯n tkmas\ hcp-W-\p-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xp ImWmw. kXym-k-Xy-§-fpsS \nb-{´Ww hcp- W-¶p--tÃm. kap-Zm-b-§Ä¡n-S-bn am[yØyw hln-¡p¶ ]¦p \nÀhln-¡p¶ an{X-\p-ambpw tkma- s\- C-hnsS kmZr-iy-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶pv. 78. Hcp-hn[w EPp-hmb kqàw. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶Xp {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p- ¶p: shÅw-sImp hoÀ¸n-¡-s¸«v AXv Acn-¸-bn-te-¡-b-bv¡s¸Sp-¶p. Acn¸ tkma-eX ]ngn-sªSp- ¯-Xnsâ AhinjvS-§Ä hen-s¨-Sp-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶v tkma¯n ]m IeÀ¯p-¶p (1). AXv Acn- ¸bv¡p IpdpsI t]mbn acn-I-bn-se-¯p¶p (2). AXn -shÅw IeÀ¯p¶p. ChnsS AXv A]vk-c- sʶp hnti-jn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p (3). tZh-·mÀ tkmaw IpSn-¡p-t¼mÄ \ap¡p In«p¶ t\«-§Ä ]«n-I-s¸- Sp-¯p-I-bmWv Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fnÂ. 79. Cu kqà-¯nsâ bp²-ssN-X\yw Ihn `mÀK-hsâ 9. 47, 9. 76 F¶o kqà-§sf hnti-jn¨v HmÀan-¸n-¡p-¶p. EtKz-Z-Im-es¯ kmaq-ly-hn-`m-K-§-fn-te¡p shfn¨w hoip-¶p-sh¶ \ne-bn CXn\p {]tXy-I-{]m-[m-\y-ap-v. CXnse ""Acn''(1, 3)¡v ""A]-cn-Nn-X³''F¶mWv \mw AÀYw sImSp-¡p-¶-sX- ¦nepw ""Bcy³'' AXnÂ\n¶v \njv]-¶-a-t{X. hn]p-e-amb Bcy-k-aq-l-¯nse AwK-am-bn-cn-¡Ww ""Acn.'' ]n¶o-Sm-hWw A]-cn-Nn-X-Xzhpw i{Xp-Xz-hp-sams¡ h¶-Xv. Cu kmaq-ly-kw-`-h-hn-Imkw bÚ-hn-P-b- ¯n\p If¦w hcp-¯n-sb¶p Cu kqàw kqNn-¸n-¡p¶p (1). aq¶mw ]Zyw ""Acn'' \½psS _Ôp-hm- sW¶p hyà-ambn ImWn-¡p-¶p. AtX kabw hnim-e-amb Bcyk-ap-Zm-b-¯n s]Sm-¯-h³ \nb-a- _m-ly-\mb ""sN¶mb''bmWv; Ahsâ {]hr-¯n-IÄ \ap¡p `oj-Wn-bm-hp-t¼mÄ hnti-jn-¨pw. Cu cp-Xcw i{Xp-¡-sfbpw \in-¸n-¡m³ Ihn tkma-t\m-S-t]-£n-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zyw tkmasâ {]m]- ©n-I-am-\-§Ä hc-¨p-sIm-«p-¶p. kzÀK-¯nÂ\n¶p `qan-bn-te-¡pÅ Ah-sâ- h-c-hv, ""hnc-ep-IÄ'', hfÀ¨, tkma-sam-cp-¡p-¶-Xnsâ hni-Zmw-i-§Ä F¶n-h-sbÃmw Ahn-sS -\-ap¡p ImWmw. Cu ]Zyw kaÀY- ambn \m`n, hnc-ep-IÄ, tXmÂ, ssIIÄ F¶o \mep ico-cm-h-b-h-§-tfm-tcm¶pw Hmtcm -{]-tXy-I-i- ànsb Ipdn-¡p-¶p-sh¶p hyà-am-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-]Zyw kh-\-{]-{Inb kw{K-ln-¡p-Ibpw X§-fpsS \nµ-Isc \in-¸n-¡m\pw aZw sImÅm\pw A`yÀYn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 80. Cu kqàw tkma-ip-²o-I-c-W-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]Xn-hp-Im-cy-§Ä {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶-tXm-sSm¸w tkma\pw tZh-·m-cp-am-bpÅ, {]tXy-In¨v C{µ-\p-am-bpÅ _Ôw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. Hmtcm ]Zy-¯nepw B _Ôw hcp-¶p-v. CXv kqà-¯nsâ k¦-ev]-\m-ß-I-tc-Jm-cq]w hnI-kn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 81. ap³kq-à-¯nsâ AtX Ihn-bpsS Cu kqàw tkma\pw tZh-·mcpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw IqSp- X ià-ambn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s-s¯ -cp ]Zy-§Ä tkma-b-Ú-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p¶ tZh-·m-cpsS ]«nI \nc-¯p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw cp XhW hkp-i_vZw (\-Ã-h-s\-¶ÀYw) {]tbm-Kn-¡p- ¶p. Ihn-bpsS t]cpw AXp-X-s¶. tZh-·mÀ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡p-an-S-bn a[y-Ø-\mbn {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶ tkmasâ bXv\w cmw ]Zyw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zy¯n Ah-\nÂ\n¶p Ihn klmbw {]Xo- £n-¡p-¶p. 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn tZh-·mÀ¡pÅ £Ww. 82. Cu kqà-¯nse BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä tkma-¯nsâ Acn¸bv¡p Ipdp-I-sb-bpÅ bm{X- bp-sSbpw AXp ]men (ChnsS s\s¿-¶mWv ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv) IeÀ¯p-¶-Xn-sâbpw km{¼-Zm-bn-I- amb hnh-c-W-apÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw, ]t£, hfsc kw£n-]vX-am-b -hm-N-I-§-fn-emWv. tkma- sa¶ hm¡n-Ã-Xm-\pw. Xqh-ep-I-fpÅ t]m¯m-bmWv AXv {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. Aѳ ]ÀP-\y³ (C-Sn-ap- g-¡w). ag-b¯p hf-cp¶ kky-¯nsâ _nw_-I-ev]-\. ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se, ]Àh-X-§-fn-emWXnsâ hoSv. `qan-bpsS \m`n-bpam-bmWv AXns\ XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xv. bÚ-¯n\p X¿m-dm-¡p-t¼mÄ Igp- Ip¶ shÅhpw ]nSn-¡-Ãp-Ifpw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯n Im-Wmw. \memw ]Zy-¯n hàmhv Xsâ hm¡n-s\-¸än Adn-bn-¡p¶Xv {i-t²-b-a-t{X. 83. ]kn-²-amb Cu kqà-¯nsâ ssh-j-ay-§fpw A{X-Xs¶ {]kn-²-am-Wv. CXv {]i-kvX-amb th\-kq-às¯ (10. 123) A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. AXpw kqcy\pw tkmahpw X½n-epÅ \nKq-Vm-ß-I-amb XmZm-ßy-¯n-en-S-s]-Sp-¶p-. tkma-i_vZtam AXnsâ hnti-j-W-§tfm kqà-¯n-sem-cn-S¯pw ]cm- aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. C¡m-c-W-§-fm CXv ]e hymJym-\-§Ä¡pw CS-bm-¡n-bn-«p-v. Ihn-\m-a-amb ]hn- {X-i_vZw ap³s]-¶-t]mse Ct¸mgpw Acn¸ F¶ AÀY-¯nepw {]tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. BZy-]Zyw Acn- ¸-bn-te¡p IS-¡m-\m-h-iy-amb KpW-§fpw AXv {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶sX-s´¶pw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯n Cu Acn-¸-cq-]-I-¯nsâ {]m]-©n-I-am\w XnI¨pw hyà-am-Wv. BImiw apgp-h³ hym]n¨ civan-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb kqcys\, Acn-¸bv¡p IpdpsI IS-¶p-t]m-Ip¶ tkma-¯nsâ ]mX-bp- ambn kmZr-iy-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. H¶nse thhn-¡-en-¶-\p-k-cn¨v ChnsS NqSpw h¶n-«p-v. NqSv kqcy- sâ- k-hn-ti-j-X-bm-W-tÃm. aq¶mw ]Zyhpw \memw ]Zy-¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[hpw Ahy-à-b-X-bpsS Omb ]pc--h-bmbn A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqcy-þ-tkm-a-Xm-Zm-ßyhpw {]`m-Xm-´-co-£hpw, ]t£, AhnsS sXfn- ªp-Im-Wmw. ]Zyw 4þse KÔÀh-I-ev]\ th\-kq-à-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp¯n ]Tn¡mw. A´n-a-]Zyw tkmas\ cmPm-hmbn hmgv¯p-¶p. Acn¸ Ahsâ tXcmWv. Ah³ ""Kw`o-c-amb IoÀ¯n'' t\Sp-¶p. 84. ap³kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn CXv tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn\v {]m]-©n-I-am-\-ap-s¦n-epw (2), tkma-amWp hnj-b-sa¶pw hÀWyw tkma-am-sW-¶p-apÅ Imcyw hyà- am-Wv. cmw ]Zy-¯n-emWv Gähpw ck-I-c-amb _nw_-I-ev]\ ImW-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. AhnsS ""tkma³ sI«p- Ibpw sI«-gn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p''. bÚ-X-e-¯n Cu ssien an¡-hmdpw tkma-¯nsâ Acn-¸-bnse sN½-cn-bm-«n³tXm-ensâ \qem-am-e-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ bm{Xsb ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. ]t£, 9. 97. 18-þ-D-am-bpÅ Xmc-Xayw, tkmaw IpSn-e-amb hgn-hn«v t\Àh-gn-bn-eqsS k©-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mÂ, AXn\p [mÀan-I-i-àn-bp- ap-s¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 85. PK-Xn-hn-`m-K-¯n-se- A-h-km-\s¯ cp kqà-§Ä (9. 85-þ86) ]Zy-§-fpsS F®w Ipd-ªp-h-cnI F¶ ]Xn-hp-coXn `RvPn-¡p-¶p. ]©-]-Zy-hn-`m-K-¯n-\p- (9. 75-þ84) tijw hcp¶ Ch-bn bYm-{Iaw 12- þDw 48-þDw ]Zy-§-fp-v. Ch-bpw, hmkvX-h-¯nÂ, {lkz-kq-à-§-fmbn hn`-Pn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. kqàw 9. 85 \¶mep ]Zy-§-fpÅ aq¶p hn`m-K-§-fmbn Xncn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. 1þ4 AS-§p¶ H¶mw JWvUw ssk\n- I-\mb tkma-t\m-Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-¶p. Ah³ H¶n\pw sImÅm-¯-hcpw i{Xp-¡-fp-amb iàn-Isf AS- ¡n-\nÀ¯p-Ibpw AtX DÕm-l-t¯msS C{µs\ klm-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (1-þ2). Ahsâ C{µ-\p-am- bpÅ _Ôw 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fn XpS-cp-¶p. Ah cmPm-hmbpw ""R§Ä¡p'' Øew t\Sp-¶-h-\mbpw ssk\n-I-tkm-asâ IqSp-X hn[ym-ß-I-amb kz-`mhw ImWn-¡p-¶p. cmw JWvUw (5-þ8) XnI¨pw EPphpw tkmasâ ip²o-I-c-W-¯n tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶Xpat{X. Ah-km-\-J-WvUw (9þ12) th\-kq-à- t¯mSp ià-amb kmZriyw ]peÀ¯p-¶p. Ah kqcy-t\mSp XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯-s¸« kzÀKo-b-tkm-as\ kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶-h-bm-Wv. Ah³ Imfbpw Ihnbpw cmPmhpw (9) aqcn-bp-w (10) ]cp´pw Ipªpw ]£nbpw (11) KÔÀh-\p-(12)ambn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. 86. ZoÀL-amb Cu kqàs¯ 16- Xr-N-§-fmbn hn`-Pn-¡mw. XrN-§Ä X-½n Nnte-S-§-fn Bi-b-]- c-ambn sFIyw ImWp-¶n-Ã. tkma-kq-à-§-fpsS s]mXp-hn-j-b-§ÄXs¶- C-hn-sS-bpw. kmc-ky-ssh-c- ky-§fpw kam-\w. 87. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ihnbmb Di-\-Ênsâ t]À ]cm-aÀin-¨n-«p-v. CXpw ]Xn-hp-tkm-a-kq-àw-t]m-se- ¯-s¶. ssk\n-I-tkm-a³ (2, 7), tkma\v C{µ-\p-am-bpÅ _Ôw (4, 8, 9) F¶nh {]tXyIw FSp¯p ]d- bmw. tkma³ ]s¦-Sp-¡p¶ he-IY (3), Kcp-Usâ tkmam-]-l-cWw (6), he-I-Y-bn ]ip-¡sf hos- Sp-¡p-¶-Xn kc-a-bpsS ]¦v (8) F¶nh kv]Àin-¨p-t]m-Ip-¶p-v. HSp-hn-es¯ DZm-l-c-W-¯n bmÚn- Ihpw ]pcm-hr-¯-]-c-hp-amb {]ta-b-§-fpsS DZv{K-Y\w ImWmw. 88. Cu kqàw D]-a-I-fpsS Hcp ]c-¼-c-X-s¶-bm-Wv. BZy-]-Zy-¯nte hyà-amb D]-a-bn-Ãm-Xp-Åq. ]e D]-a-Ifpw tkma-s\- a-äp tZh-X-I-fp-ambn XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m-p-Å-h-b-t{X (3-þ5, 7). AXp-sImv Cu Xmc-X-ay-§-fn-eqsS B tZhX-I-fpsS iàn-Ifpw ]pcm-hr-¯-IÀa-§-fp-saÃmw tkma-\p-s¶v ]tcm- £-ambn kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. H¶m-a-s¯bpw F«m-a-s¯bpw ]Zy-§Ä ]-c-kv]-c-]q-c-I-§-fm-Ip-¶p. H¶mw ]Zyw C{µs\ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶Xpw tkma³ hyà-ambn Ah-tâ-Xm-sW-¶-dn-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p- t¼mÄ, F«mw ]Zyw BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS KpW-§fpw kn²n-Ifpw {]tXy-I-am-bp-Å-h-\m-Whs\¶p {]Jym-]n- ¡p-¶p. 89. shÅ-¯n tkmas\ XSn¸n-¡Â, ]ptcm-ln-Xsâ hnc-ep-IÄsIm-pÅ Iui-e-¸-Wn, tkma-sâ- A- cn-¸-bn-te-¡pÅ bm{X, Ahsâ ]mÂan{i-Ww F¶n-§s\ tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]Xn- hp-Im-cy-§-fmWv Cu kqà-¯nÂ. ]t£, Cu Nn{Xo-I-c-W-§-fn-tem-tcm-¶n\pw {]m]-©n-I-am-\-ap-v. 1þ2- ]-Zy-§Ä t\m¡p-I. AhnsS tkmas\ kzÀKo-b-a-g-bp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. 90. Ggmw aWvU-e-¯n-sâ- I-hn-bmb hkn-jvT-sâ Cu kqàw hkn-jvT-tKm-{X-]-Ã-hn-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ah-km- \n-¡p¶p (6). H¶mw ]Zy-¯n XpS-§n ssk\n-I-_nw-_-I-ev]\ taÂt¡mbva t\Sp-¶p. 3, 4, 5 ]Zy-§- fnepw CXp-Xs¶ \ne. bp²-¯n-sâ- e-£yw, kam-[m-\-hpw -]p-tcm-K-Xnbpw kpc-£n-X-am-¡pI F¶nh \memw ]Zy-¯n hni-Z-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n tkmasâ hocy-ap-m-¡m-\pÅ Ign-hn- sâ -Zn-hy-cmb A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£n-I-fn Nne-cpsS ]«nI \nc-¯p-¶p. 91. Cu kqà-¯nse BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä Acn-¸bv¡p IpdpsI ]mÂan{i-W-¯n\pw C{µsâ ASp- t¯-¡p-apÅ tkma-sâ bm{X-bn tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. ]t£ \memw ]Zy-¯n ap³kq-à-¯n-se- ssk- \n-I-hocyw {]I-S-am-hp-¶p-v. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ6) X§-fpsS hmNn-Ihpw bmÚn-I-hp- amb tkh-\-¯n\v ]I-c-ambn sImÅ-ap-X-en\pw A\p-{K-l-§Ä¡pw A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. 92. ]e tkma-kq-à-§-sf-bpw-t]mse Cu kqà-¯nepw tkmasâ bm{X hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, ChnsS Ah-km-\-¯n-emWv tI{µo-I-c-Ww: tkma³ e£y-¯n-se¯n acn-I-I-fn-en-cn-¡p-¶XnÂ. Cu ""Ccn- ¸nS''{]tabw Bdp ]Zy-§-fn aq¶nepw (2, 3, 6) hcp-¶p-v. tkma³ Imhym-hr-X-\mb (3) Ihn-bp-am-Wv (2). Ejn-I-hnbpw hmK-[n-]-\p-amb Cu Ihn-bp-am-bpÅ _Ô-amWv Cu kqà-¯nse FÃm tZh-·mcpw ""\nsâ clky''¯nem-sW¶ Gähpw {it²-b-amb {]kvXm-h-\bv¡v an¡-hmdpw t{]-c-Iw (4). 93. 1. 58-þ64 kqà§-fpsS Ihn-bmb t\m[kv KuX-asâ-t]cnemWv Cu kqàw Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶Xv H¶mw aWvU-e-¯se an¡ kqà-§-fnepw ImW-s¸-Sp¶ tKm{X-]-Ã-hn-tbm- Sp-Iq-Sn-b-t{X. ]t£, B cN-\-I-fpsS khn-ti-j-KpWw ChnsS ImW-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy- §Ä tkma-sâ- a-cn-I-I-fn-te-¡pÅ bm{Xbpw shÅhpw ]mepambpÅ an{i-Whpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ cs®w sImÅ-ap-X-en-¶pÅ At]-£-bpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 94. Cu kqà-¯nsâ A´y-]-Zy-¯nsâ A´y-]m-Zw-hsc tkma-]Zw hcp-¶n-Ã. CXn [m-cm-fw -D-]-a-I-fp- v. D]-ta-bw-sIm-s-´m-Wp-t±-in-¡p-¶-sX-¶-Xn ssieo-]-c-amb Ahy-à-X- ImWmw. 1, 3 ]Zy-§Ä DZm-l-c-Ww. Nne hmN-I-ssi-en-I-fpsS Xncn-hp-Ifpw Ahy-àX Iq«p¶p. DZm-l-cWw \memw ]Zyw. tkma³ Imhym-hr-X-\mb Ihn-bmWp ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸mse Chn-sS-bpw (3). kqà-¯nsâ apJy- tI{µw, hnti-jn¨v BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn-Â, bÚ-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p¶ aÀ¯y-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-fpsSbpw tkma-sâ-X-s¶bpw Imthym-ev]-¶-§fpsS ]c-kv]-c-hn-\n-a-b-am-Ip-¶p. 95. ap³kq-à-¯n-se-¶-t]m-se, Cu kqà-¯nsâbpw apJy-hnjbw tkma-sâbpw bmÚn-I-cp-sSbpw Imhy-b-Xv\-§-fp-sS- ]q-c-I-Xzhpw hn\n-a-b-hp-am-Wv. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fpsS {]tabw tkmasâ hm¡m- Wv. cmw-]-Zy-¯n tZh-·m-cpsS Kply-\m-a-§Ä (H-fn-ªn-cn-¡p¶ t]cp-IÄ) shfn-s¸-Sp-¯pIbpw bÚ-`q-an-bn {]Jym-]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-tXmsS AXv ]c-a-ImjvT {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ]t£, 3þ4 ]Zy- §fn a\p-jy-cpsS hm{K-N-\-IÄ tI{µ-Øm-\-sa-Sp-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-]Zyw (5) tkma³ aäp-Å-hÀ¡pw hm¡p ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¡p-Ibpw AXv Ah-tâ-Xm-sW¶p tXm¶p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 96. ]©-]-Zy-kq-à-§-fpsS ]c-¼-c-bv¡p-tijw hcp¶ Cu NXpÀhnw-i-Xn-]-Zy-kq-às¯ \¶mep ]Zy- §-fpÅ Bdp eLp-k-©-b-§-fmbn amän-sb-Sp-¡mw. Ah X½n B´-cn-I-amb tbmPn¸p ImWm\pw Ign-bpw. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§-sf-Sp-¡mw. BZys¯ ]Zyw hyà-am-bpw -ssk-\n-I-\mb tkmas\ hc- ¨p-Im-«p-¶p. ASp-¯-Xnepw CXp XpS-cp-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Cu bp²-¯nsâ ^e-ambn Ah³ IpSn- tb-dn-¸mÀ¡m-\pÅ hnim-e-amb Øew t\Sp-¶p. \memw ]Zyw CtX-¯p-SÀ¶pÅ kam-[m-\-¯nsâ bpw Alnw-k-bp-sSbpw ktµiamWv \ÂIp-¶-Xv. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn C{µ³ {]Xy-£-ambn ]cm- aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. kJy-amWv tI{µ-{]-ta-b-sa¶p 1, 2, 4 ]Zy-§Ä hyà-am-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ \mep ]Zy- §Ä (5-þ8) ssieo-]-c-amb ]ptcm-KXn ImWn-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zy¯n P\n-Xr-i_vZw Ggp XhW BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zyw (6) Bdp jjvTy-´-]-Z-§-fm Ae-¦r-Xw. Ggmw ]Zyw ]h-am-\-tkm- asâ KpW-§fpw khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. F«mw ]Zy-am-I-s«, a[ya-]p-cp-j-hn-[m-b-I-{]-Xy-b- §fm at\m-l-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw JWvUw (9-þ12) kqàm-´y-kw-{K-l-]-Zy-t¯msS Ah-km-\n-¡p- ¶p. tkmasâ ]qÀhbmÚnI-cp-am-bpÅ _Ôw XpSÀ¶p-t]m-I-W-sa-¶mWv Cu JWvU¯nsâ Xmev]- cyw. 13-þ16 ]Zy-§-fn hnti-jn-s¨mcp {]ta-ssb-I-cq-]y-sam¶pw ImWm-\n-Ã. 17-þ20 ]Zy-§-fm-I-s«, Ihn- bmb tkmasâ Acn-¸-bnÂ\n¶p acn-I-I-fn-te-¡pÅ bm{X km[m-cW a«n hÀWn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\- J-WvU-¯nse (21-þ24) Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä Hcp hnhm-lm-`yÀY-\m-_nw-_-I-ev]-\-tbmsS {Iµ-\- {In-bm-{]-[m-\-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. 97. 58 ]Zy-§-fpÅ CXmWv EtKz-Z-¯nse Gähpw ZoÀL-amb kqàw. XrN-§-fn-emWv CXv kwhn-[m\w sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. CXv Cu aWvU-e-¯nse Ah-km-\s¯ {XnjvSp-¸p-kq-à-hp-am-Wv. BZy-]m-Xn-bn (1- þ30) Hmtcm XrNhpw hkn-jvTt\m hyXykvX-h-knjvTtKm{Xmw-K-§tfm cNn-¨-X-t{X. cmw ]mXn cp hkn-jvtT-X-c-I-hn-IÄ hn`-Pn-s¨-Sp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p. s]mXp-hn tkma-kq-à-§-fpsS coXn-bmWv Cu kqà- ¯nepw ImWp-¶-Xv. tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡Â, AXnsâ Acn-¸-bn-eq-sS-bpÅ bm{X, ]mÂan-{iWw apX-em-b- h. tZh-·msc, hnti-jn¨v C{µ-s\, Dt¯-Pn-¸n-¡m-\pÅ tkmasâ Ign-hv; bmÚn-I-scbpw Ihn-I-sf-bpw -i-àn-s¸-Sp-¯m-\pÅ tkma-sâ- i-ànbpw AXn-\pÅ {]b-Xv\-hpw, tkma-sam-cp-¡p¶ bmÚn-IÀ¡pÅ {]Xn-^ew F¶nh ChnsS {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯n ]e D]-a-Ifpw cq]I-§fpw ImWmw. 98. tkma-kq-à-§-fpsS ]Xn-hp-{]-ta-bw-X-s¶-bmWv {]kvXp-X-kq-à-¯n-epw. tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn- \pÅ ]Xn-hp-L-«-§Ä ({]-tXy-In¨v 2þ3, 6þ10), tkma-sam-cp-¡p¶ a\p-jyÀ¡v Ah³ Xtcp¶ Zm\-§- sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ HÀan-¸n-¡Â (1, 4þ5, 12) F¶nh {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯n-sâ- B-cw-`-¯nepw (1) Ah-km-\-¯nepw (12) k½m-\-§Ä¡pÅ A`yÀY-\-bp-ap-v. 99. Cu kqà-¯nsâ khn-ti-j-X-IÄ Nn´m-ssh-hn-[y-§fpw Imhy-{]-tbm-K-§-fp-am-Wv. hnti-jn¨v BZy-]-Zy-§-fn-ep-Åh (1-þ2, 4þ5). tkmasâ am\-kn-Ihpw hmNn-I-hp-amb iàn-IÄ Ah-sâ- a-\p-jy-cmb kvtXmXm¡Ä¡p al-¯mb ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-am-bn-cn-¡pw (6). ]t£, tkmaw `uXn-I-ambn X¿m-dm-¡p-¶- Xns\ Ah-K-Wn-¨n-«p-an-Ã. 100. BZyw CXv A©pw \mepw ]Zy-§-fpÅ cp kqà-§-fmbncp-¶p-sh¶ Hc-`n-{]m-b-ap-v. BZys¯ A©p ]Zy-§-fn Aev]-kzev]w amäw hcp-¯n-b-XmWv Ah-km-\s¯ \mep ]Zy-§-sf¶p ImWm-hp-¶- Xm-Wv. A§s\ Bdmw ]Zyw A©mw ]Zy-¯n-sâbpw \memw ]Zyw Ggmw- ]-Zy-¯n-sâbpw H¶v F«n- sâbpw aq¶v H³]-Xn-sâbpw A\p-c-W-\-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 101. A©p XrN-§fpw Hcp ]Zy-hp-a-S-§p¶ Cu kqàamWv A\p-jvSp-¸p-kq-à-§-fn Ah-km-\-t¯- Xv. XrN-§Ä X-½n Hcm-´-cn-I-_Ôw ImWmw. BZy-s¯-bpw- A-h-km-\-s¯bpw XrN-§-fnse BZy- ]-Zy-§fn tkmakh\-i_vZw tI«v bÚw Zpjn-¸n-¡p¶ Hcp \mb bÚ-`q-an-bn-te-¡p- h-cn-Ibpw AXns\ ]pd-¯m-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ Hcp- I-ev]\bpv. tkma-]m-\o-b-sam-cp-¡p-¶-Xn-sâbpw Acn-¸-bn-eq- sSbpw ]mÂan-{i-W-¯n-eq-sS-bp-apÅ tkma-sâ- bm-{X-bp-sSbpw tZh-·m-cp-am-bn, hnti-jn¨v C{µ-\p-ambn, tkmasâ _Ô-¯n-sâbpw hni-Zmw-i-§fpw ChnsS hnh-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. 102. tkma³ X¿m-dm-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn Imhy-k-Xys¯ {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶p-sh¶ {]tabw Cu kqà- ¯nsâ A´À[m-c-bmbn \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p. s]mXp-hn kqà-¯n-sâ- ]p-tcm-K-Xnbpw hyà-X-bp-Å-Xm- Wv. kh\w (2), Acn-¸-bn-eqsS IS-¶p-t]m-I (3), Ah-km-\-s¯ -{]-hÀ¯-\-§Ä (7) F¶n-§s\bpÅ tkmasâ bm{X Xp-S-cp-I-bmWv Ahn-sS. inip-sh¶ \ne-bn tkma\v A½-am-tcm-SpÅ _Ô-amWv kqà-¯n ASn-sbm-gp-¡mbn ImWp¶ asämcp {]ta-bw (1, 4, 7). AhÀ Ah\p P·w \ÂIpI am{X- a-Ã, Ah-s\ bÚ-\n-b-a-§-fn cq]-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. 2, 3 ]Zy-§-fn Ihn-bmb {XnXsâ t]cv -DÄs¸-Sp-¯n-¡m-Wmw. 103. Cu kqà-¯n-sâ- ssieo-hn-Úm-\-]-c-amb G-ähpw {]ap-J-k-hn-ti-jX CXnse BZy-]-Zy-sam-gn¨v aä©pw ""]cn'' F¶ D]-kÀK-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv XpS-§p-¶-sX-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv. {ItaW ]Zy-¯nse aäp `mK-§-fp-ambn CXnsâ DZv{K-Y\w Ipd-ªp-h-cp-¶p. Acn-¸-bp Npäpw ]I-c-s¸-Sp¶ tkma-¯nsâ Ne- \-¯nÂ\n-¶mWv Cu {]tbmKw DZv`-hn-¡p-¶-Xv. ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸mse tkma-sâ -bm-{Xbpw Ahsâ bÚ-¯nse ]¦pw bÚ-¯nse hmKvhn\n-a-b-¯nse ]¦m-fn-¯hpamWv Chn-sSbpw ]n´p-S-cp-¶-Xv. th[-kv, hmL-Xv F¶n-§s\-bpÅ kmt¦-Xn-I-]-Z-§fpw ChnsS ImWmw. Ihn-bpsS hmK-h-X-c-Whpw Imhy-Nn-´-Ifpw (1) Ejn-I-fpsS i_vZ-§fpw (3) tkma-sâ-Xs¶ ""Nn´-I-fpsS t\Xmsh''¶ hnti-j- Whpw (4) kqà-¯n ZÀin-¡mw. 104. Cu kqàw ASp-¯ -kq-à-hp-ambn Dä-_-Ô-apÅ CW-bm-Wv. cq]-þ-`m-h-]-c-ambn F§s\ cp kqà-§Ä X-½n Aev]-kzev]w t`Z-K-Xn-IÄ hcp-¯m-sa-¶-Xnsâ Hcp EtKz-Z-am-Xr-I. DÅ-S-¡-§Ä \nÀWm-b-I-a-Ã. cpw hmÀ¸p-am-Xr-I-bn-epÅ tkma-kq-à-§Ä. 105. ap³kq-à-¯nsâ BapJw t\m¡p-I. 106. DjvWn-Ivkq-à-k-am-lm-c-¯nse Cu A´n-a-kq-àw, \mep XrN-§-fmbn Xncn-¡m-hp¶ \o H¶m- Wv. 1þ3, 4þ6, 7þ9, 10-þ12 F¶n-§s\ \mep XrN-§fpw Ah-km-\ambn cp ]Zy-§fpw. tkma-]-s\¶ \ne- bn C{µ-s\ tI-{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶XmWo kqàw. hnti-jn¨v BZy-`m-Kw. BZys¯ aq¶p XrN-§-fnepw kzÀhn-Xv{]-tbmKw ImWm-hp-¶-Xp-sImv kqcys\ Is-¯epw CXn {][m-\-hn-j-b-am-Wv. 107. ZoÀL-a-amb Cu kqàw H³]Xmw aWvU-e-¯nse ]Xnhp{]ta-b-§-sfÃmw an¡-hmdpw {]Xn-]m-Zn- ¡p-¶p-v. tkma-k-h-\w, Ahsâ Acn-¸bv¡p Ipdp-sI-bpÅ bm{X, shÅ-¯n-te-¡pÅ {]th-iw, ]ip-hn³]m-ep-am-bpÅ an{i-Ww, e£y-¯n-se-¯n-t¨-cÂ, acn-I-IÄ F¶n-h-sb-Ãmw. tkmasâ {]m]-©n- I-h-i-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]cm-aÀi-§fpw (kzÀKo-b-amb AIn-Sv, 5) {]m]-©n-I-IÀa-§fpw (kq-cys\ kzÀK- ¯n-te¡p Ib-äÂ, 7) F¶n-hbpw CS-I-eÀ¶p hcp-¶p-v. a[y-`m-K¯pw Ah-km-\-`m-K-¯p-ambn hcp¶ tkma³ {]th-in-¡p¶ kap-{Z-s¯bpw (9, 14, 15, 16, 21, 23) shÅ-s¯bpw tkma-sâ-X-s¶-bpÅ hnIm- k-s¯bpw Ipdn-¨pÅ ]cm-a-Àihpw. kqàm-´y`m-K¯v (19-þ20) hyàn-]-c-amb Hcp Xncnhp ImWmw. AhnsS Ihn tkma-\p-am-bpÅ kJys¯ hmgv¯p-¶p. Ihn tkma-]m-\w-sImp t\Sp¶ am\-kn-I- kn²n kqNn-¸n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cn-¡mw. 108. A\p{Ia-Wn-b-\p-k-cn¨v 7 hnhn-[-I-hn-I-fmWv Cu kqàw cNn-¨-Xv. ]t£, A\p-{I-a-Wo-hn-h-cWw {]Km-Y-L-S-\-bp-ambn H¯p-t]m-Ip-¶n-Ã. 4þ6 ]Zy-§-fn he-Kp-lm-t`-Z-\hpw 9þ11 ]Zy-§-fn kzÀKo-b- tkmaw ag-bp-sS -`m-K-am-sW¶pw kqNn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu {]m]-©n-I-tkmaw, ]Xn-hp-t]m-se, bmÚn-I- tkm-a-¯n\p kam-´-c-ambn hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. tkma-sam-cp-¡p-¶-Xn-sâ- hn-i-Zmw-i-§-fmWv kqà-¯n- ep-S-\o-fw. 109. A\p-{I-aWn Cu kqà-¯nsâ Ihn-I-fmbn [njvWym-án-Isf ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw CXn AXn\p sXfn-shm-¶p-an-Ã. hr¯w eLphpw kw£n-]vX-hp-am-sW-¦nepw kqà-¯nsâ DÅ-S¡w ]Xn-hp-tkm-a- kq-à-§-fp-tS-Xp-X-s¶. 4, 5, 6, 7, 10 F¶o ]Zy-§-fn ""kzbw ip²o-I-cn-¨mepw'' F¶ {]tbmKw ImWmw. tkmaw X¿m-¡p¶Xns\-¸än hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 110. DÅ-S-¡-¯n BZy-s¯bpw Ah-km-\-s¯bpw XrN-§Ä Hcp-hn[w EPp-hm-Wv. {]tXy-In¨v Ah- km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä `qan-bnse bÚ-tkm-as\ kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶Xpw i{Xp-¡s-fbpw XS-Ê-§sfbpw Xpc-¯m³ al-¯mb iànIfpÅ Ahs\ hmgv¯p-¶-Xp-am-Wv. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n {]m]-©n-I-tkm- asâ Hcp kqN-\-bp-v. 4þ9 ]Zy-§-fn `qan-bnse tkma \pw bÚ-¯nse tkma\pw {]m]-©n-I-tkm- a\pw X½n-epÅ AXnÀ¯n-IÄ ]e-t¸mgpw amªp-t]m-Ip-¶-Xmbn ImWmw. tZh-·mÀ tkmas\ sImXn- ¡p-¶Xpw (6) tkmaw -{]m-Y-an-I-ambn X¿m-dm-¡p-¶Xpw (7-þ8) hnh-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu hn`m-K-¯nse A´n- a-]Zyw (9) tkma-sâ -hn-iz-P-\o-\-amb iàn {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶p. 111. kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv tkmasâ bm{X-bpsS hÀW-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. A´n-a-]-Zyhpw (3) CXn- te¡p aS-§p-¶p. he-I-Y-bmWv cmw ]Zy-¯n hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. 112. H³]Xmw aWvU-e-¯n-se -A-h-km-\-s¯- aq¶p kqà-§Ä (112-þ114) ]wàn-hr-¯-¯n-ep-Å- hbpw Hmtcm ]Zy-¯n-sâbpw A´y-¯n Htc ]Ãhn DÄs¡mÅp-¶-h-bp-am-I-bm aWvU-e-¯nsâ A\p-_-Ô-kq-à-§-fm-sW¶v HmÄU³ _ÀKv A\p-am-\n-¡p-¶p. Cu kpµ-c-amb kqà-¯n\p tkma- \p-ambn hyà-amb Hcp _Ô-hp-an-Ã. CXn\pw ASp¯ cp kqà-§Ä¡pw s]mXp-hmb ]Ã-hn-bnse ]cm-aÀiw am{Xw A]-hm-Z-ambn ImWmw. P\-§-fp-sS -I-S-a-I-fp-sSbpw e£y-§-fp-sSbpw sshhn-[y-amWv kqà-¯nsâ {]ta-b-sa-¦nepw AXv B\p-jw-Kn-I-ambn ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-setb tXm¶p-¶p-Åq. Ah-km-\-]Zyw (4) a\p-jy-tem-I-s¯-¸-än-b-Ã. 113. Cu kqà-¯nsâ {]tXy-I-Xm-ev]cyw cmw ]Ip-Xn-bnse kzÀK-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ZÀi-\¯n- emWpÅ-Xv. Ahn-Ss¯ kzmX-{´yw, B\-µw, FÃm B{K-l-§-fp-sSbpw km^eyw F¶n-hsb¡pdn- ¨pÅ _nw_-I-ev]-\-IÄ {it²-b-§-f-t{X. Gsd-¡psd km{¼-Zm-bn-I-cq-]-¯n-epÅ tkma-kq-à-am-bmWv CXpw XpS-§p-¶-Xv. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n IÀaw sN¿p-¶-Xn-\p-hn kzbw iàn-s¸-Sp-¯m³ tkmaw IpSn- ¡p-¶-Xn\p C{µs\ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zy-¯n tkma-t\mSv kzbw ip²o-I-cn-¡m³ Bh-iy- s¸-Sp-¶p. ]n¶oSp 4þ6 ]Zy-§-fn ]d-bp¶ kXy-amb bÚ-hm-¡nsâ {]tabw Chn-sS-¯s¶ Ah-X-cn- ¸n-¡p-¶p. tkm-a-e-Xbv¡p ckw \ÂIp¶ ag-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]cm-aÀi-amWv aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nÂ. kqcy-]p- {Xn-sbbpw KÔÀh-·m-scbpw kw_-Ôn¨ ]pcm-hr-¯-]-cm-aÀi¯n\p th{X hyà-X-bn-Ã. 6þ7 ]Zy- §Ä tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ {]ta-b-¯nÂ\n¶p kzÀK-ZÀi-\-¯n-tâ-Xn-te-¡pÅ (7-þ11) kw{I-a-Ws¯ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 114. tkma-a-WvU-e-¯nse Cu A-´n-a-kqàw Hcp ]p\-Ýn-´-bpsS `mhw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯n Ejn kzbw kwt_m-[-\ -sN-¿p¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nse `mKy-hm-\mbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸« bmÚn- I³ Iiy-]-\m-hm-\mWv an¡-hmdpw km[yX F¶pw tXm¶p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n tkma-t\mSp Xs¶ c£n-¡-W-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n CXv BhÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw X§Ä Hgn-hm-¡m-\m-{K-ln-¡p¶ A]-I-S-§sf hn]pe-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Kmb-{Xo-kq-à-§Ä (1-þ67): H³]Xmw aWvU-ew, H¶mw kqàw a[p-Ñ-µkv sshizm-an-{X³ Ejn; 10 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w Kmb-{Xn; tkma ]h-am-\³ tZhX H³]Xmw aWvU-e-¯n tkma]h-am\kqà-§Ä¡p-th-n-am-{Xw- \o¡nsh-¡-s¸«ncn-¡p-¶p. 114 kqà-§Ä CXn-ep-v. ssZho-Ir-X-b-Ú-h-kvXp-hpw amZ-I]m\o-b-hp-amb-hp-amb -ip-²o-IrXtkma-sam- cp-¡p-Ibpw lhn-Êmbn tZh-·mÀ¡À¸n-¡p-I-bpw- sN-¿pI Gähpw {][m-\-amb sshZn-I-IÀa-a-t{X. ]ngn- sª-Sp¯ tkmaw, shÅw tNÀ¯v t\À¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ap³]v, sN½-cn-bm-«n³tXm-en--eqsS ]IÀ¶p ip²o- I-cn-¨Xn-\p-tijw ]men an{iWw sNbvXv ]m{X-§-fn lhn-Êm¡n ]I-cp-I-bmWv ]Xn-hv. tkma-ckw tkma-\mbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p. tkma³ cmPmhpw tZh-\p-am-Wv. DuÀP-kz-e-\mb Imfbpw {ZpX-K-Xn-bmb ]´-b-¡p-Xn-cbpw ]d-¡p¶ ]£n-bp-amWv. sN½-cn-bm-«n³tXm-ensâ Acn¸ s]®mSpw ]m ]ip-¡-fpsS Iq«hpw tkma-¡m-f-bp-ambn CW-tN-cm³ DÕp-I-cp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu bÚ- L-S-I-§Äs¡ms¡ {]m]-©n-I-am-\-§Ä \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. kzÀK-¯n\pw `qan-¡pw -a-[y-¯n-fpÅ XqWmWv tkmaw. kzÀK-¯n-sâtbm `qan-bp-sStbm apgp-h³ D]-cn-X-e-amWv sN½-cn-bm-«n³ tXmÂ. t\À¸n-¡m- \pÅ shÅw tkma-¯n-c-b-Sn-¡p¶ hnim-e-k-ap-{Zw. an¶n-¯n-f-§p¶ DPz-e-amb ]m kqcyt\m Zn\-{]- `-bmÀ¶ BIm-itam BIp-¶p. Npcp-¡-¯n tkma-a-WvU-es¯ {]W-bn-¡m-Xn-cn¡m³ {]bm-kw. ]mc-¼-cy-I-hnX F§-s\-bp-m-¡m-sa-¶-Xn\p amXr-I-Iq-Sn-bm-W-Xv. aWvU-e-¯nse BZy-s¯ 67 kqà-§Ä Kmb-{Xo-hr-¯-¯n-em-Wv. 68-þ86 PK-Xn-bnÂ. {XnjvSp-¸n 87-þ97. 98-þ101- A-\p-jvSp-¸nepw 102-þ106 DjvWn-¡nepw 107-þ108 {]Km-Y-L-S-\-bnepw aäp-Åh (109-þ114) ]e-h-I- hr-¯-§-fn-ep-amWv cNn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡Â, tkma-¯nsâ iàn-IÄ (3-þ5), tkma-sam-cp-¡p-¶-Xn\p klm-bn-¡p¶ kv{XoI- fp-sS- (hnc-ep-IÄ kv{XoI-fm-WnhnsS) ]-«nI (6-þ9), ]gn-sª-Sp-¡p¶ hncep-IÄ (7-þ8), tkmaan{i-W-¯n- \pÅ ]m \ÂIp¶ ]ip-¡Ä (9) F¶nh s]mXp-hn tkma-kq-à-§-fp-sS- hn-j-b-§ÄX-s¶. ]t£, kqcy-]p{Xn A-h-bn s]Sp-¶n-Ã. A\yYm AhÄ tkma-a-WvU-e-¯n-sâ -A-´y-`m-K¯p am{Xta (113. 3) {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p-Åq. ChnsS Ah-fpsS ]s¦-s´¶p hyà-a-Ã. Hcp ]t£, {]mXxkh-\-¯nsâ kqN-\-bm-hmw. 1. kzmZn-jvTbm aZn-jvT-bm- ]-hkz tkma [mcbm C{µmb ]mXth kpXx tkma C{µmb ]mXth kpXx tkmam! C{µ\p IpSn¡m³ ]ngn-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-«v kzmZnjvTbm aZn-jvTbm [mcbm ]hkz Gähpw a[p-c-ap-ÅXpw Gähpw a¯p-]n-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-amb Acp-hn-bn \o kzbw ip²n-I-cn-¨mepw! 2. ct£mlm hniz-NÀj-Wnþ c`n tbm\na-tbm-lXw {ZpWm k[-Øam kZXv ct£mlm hniz-NÀjWnx Atbm-lXw c£-Êns\ \in¸n-¡p-¶-h\pw FÃm km{am-Py-§Ä¡pw s]mXp-hn-epÅ-h\pamb Ah³ temlw-sIm-n-Sn¨ tbm\nw {ZpWm k[Øw A`n B AkZXv tbm\nbnse acw-sIm-pÅ Xsâ Ccn-¸n-S-(]m-{X)¯n Ccp-¶p. 3. hc-thm-[m-Xtam `h awlnjvtTm hr{X-l-´ax ]Àjn cmt[m atLm\mw hcn-thm-[m-Xax hn]p-e-amb aWvU-e-¯nsâ Gähpw henb Øm]-I-\pw awlnjvTx hr{X-l-´ax `h Gähpw DZm-c\pw Gähpw henb XS-椀 \in-¸n-¡p-¶-h-\p-am -bmepw! atLm\mw cm[x ]Àjn DZm-c-·m-cpsS sImÅ-ap-X (R§Ä¡p) X¶mepw! 4. A`yÀj alm\mw tZhm\mw hoXn-a-Ôkm A`n- hm-P-apX {ihx AÔkm alm\mw tZhm\mw hoXnw A`n \nsâ XtmSp-IqSn alm-·m-cmb tZh-·msc ]n´p -SÀ¶v Ah-cpsS ASp-t¯¡pw DX hmPw {ihx A`n AÀj hnP-b-k-½m-\-¯n\pw IoÀ¯n-¡pw-thn Ah-bpsS ASp -t¯¡pw IpXn¨mepw! 5. XzmaÑm Ncm-akn XZn-ZÀYw Znth Znth Ctµm tXz \ Bikx Ctµm Xzm AÑ Ncm-akn IWta! \nsâ-t\À¡p R§Ä hcp-¶p. Znth Znth XZv CZv AÀYw Hmtcm Znh-khpw R§-fpsS e£y-an-XmWv: \x B-ikx tXz R§-fpsS {]Xo-£-IÄ \n¶n-et{X! 6. ]p\mXn tX ]cn{kpXw tkmaw kqcyky ZplnXm hmtcW iizXm X\m kqcyky ZplnXm iizXm X\m kqcy-]p{Xn A]-cm-PnX-amw-hn[w hmtcW tX ]cn-{kpXw tkmaw ]p\mXn sN½-cn-bm«n³tXmecn¸bneqsS \ns¶ Npäp¶ tkmaw ip²o-I-cn¡p-¶p. 7. Xao-aWzo kacy B Kr`vW´n tbmj-tWm- Zi kzkmcx ]mtcy Znhn AWzox kzkmcx Zi tbmjWx arZp-e-I-fpw ktlmZcn-am-cp-amb ]¯p I\y-I-amÀ (ssI-hn-c-ep -IÄ) katcy ]mtcy Znhn Xw Cuw B Kr`vW´n aÕ-c-¯nse \nÀWm-b-I-Zn-h-k¯n Ahs\ Benw -K\w sN¿p-¶p. 8. Xaow ln\z-´y-{Kpthm [a´n _mIpcw ZrXnw tZhm\mw hoXn-a-Ôkm A`n- hm-P-apX {ihx AÔkm alm\mw tZhm\mw hoXnw A`n \nsâ Xtm -Sp-IqSn alm-·m-cmb tZh-·msc ]n´p-SÀ¶v Ah-cpsS ASp-t¯¡pw DX hmPw {ihx A`n AÀj hnP-b-k-½m-\-¯n\pw IoÀ¯n-¡pw-thn Ah-bpsS ASp-t¯¡pw IpXn -¨mepw! 5. XzmaÑm Ncm-akn XZn-ZÀYw Znth Znth Ctµm tXz \ Bikx Ctµm Xzm AÑ Ncm-akn IWta! \nsâ-t\À¡p R§Ä hcp-¶p. Znth Znth XZv CZv AÀYw Hmtcm Znh-khpw R§-fpsS e£y-an-XmWv: \x B-ikx tXz R§-fpsS {]Xo-£-IÄ \n¶n-et{X! 6. ]p\mXn tX ]cn{kpXw tkmaw kqcyky ZplnXm hmtcW iizXm X\m kqcyky ZplnXm iizXm X\m kqcy-]p{Xn A]-cm-PnX-amw-hn[w hmtcW tX ]cn-{kpXw tkmaw ]p\mXn sN½-cn-bm«n³-tXmecn¸bneqsS \ns¶ Npäp¶ tkmaw kzbw ip²o-I-cn¡p-¶p. 7. Xao-aWzo kacy B Kr`vW´n tbmj-tWm- Zi kzkmcx ]mtcy Znhn AWzox kzkmcx Zi tbmjWx arZp-e-I-fpw ktlm-Z-cn-am-cp-amb ]¯p I\y-I-amÀ (ssI-hn-c-ep -IÄ) katcy ]mtcy Znhn Xw Cuw B Kr`vW´n aÕ-c-¯nse \nÀWm-b-I-Zn-h-k¯n Ahs\ Benw -K\w sN¿p-¶p. 8. Xaow ln\z-´y-{Kpthm [a´n _mIpcw ZrXnw {Xn[mXp hm-cWw a[p A{Kphx _mIpcw ZrXnw [a´n Ahn-hm-ln-X-I-fmb s]¬Ip-«n-IÄ `mkp-c-amb tXmÂk-©n -bn DuXth {Xn[mXp hmcWw a[p Xw Cuw ln\z´n aq¶p-hn[w Im«p-tX-\n\v Ahs\ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 9. A`o-a-aLv\ym DX {ioW´n t[\hx inipw tkma-an-{µmb ]mXth DX ALv\ymx t[\hx inipw am{X-a-Ã,- sImÃ-s¸-Sm-\mhm¯ I-d-h-¸-ip-¡Ä, I¶pIp«n-s¡-¶-t]m -se, C{µmb ]mXth Caw tkmaw {ioW´n C{µ\p IpSn¡m³ Cu tkma-sam-cp-¡p-¶p. 10. Atky-Znt{µm atZjzm hnizm- hr-{XmWn PnLv\tX iqtcm aLmN awltX iqcx C{µx Aky atZjp CXv tbm²m-hmb C{µ³ Cu (tkma)-¯nsâ el-cn-I-fn am-{X-amWv hnizm hr{XmWn B PnLv\tX aLm awltX N FÃm XS-Ê-§-fpw XIÀ¡p-¶Xpw sImÅ-ap-X -epIÄ \ÂIp¶Xpw! « - ]¯mw aWvUew H¶mw aWvU-e-¯n-se-t¸mse ]¯mw aWvU-e-¯nepw 191 kqà-§-fm-Wp-Å-Xv. ]t£ ]¯mw aWvUew IqSp-X "]e-hI'kz`-mh-ap-ÅXpw Abª LS-\-bp-Å-Xp-am-Wv. EtKzZw t{ImUo-I-cn-¡-s¸- «-t¸mÄ Ah-km\w Iq«n-t¨À¯-Xmhmw CXv. Xmc-X-tay\ ]pXnb `mjm-im-kv{X-khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw ""P\- Iob''{]ta-b-§fpw ChnsS ImWmw. ivaim-\w, hnhm-lw F¶n-h-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-hbpw \mS-Io-b-kz- K-Xm-Jym-\-§Ä, kw`m-j-W-§Ä F¶nh DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-hbpw ia-\u-j-[n-a-{´-§fpw im]-hp-saÃmw Dv. aWvU-e-¯nsâ GXmv ]Ip-Xnbpw s]mXp-hn hyàn-I-fmb Ihn-I-fpsS kqà-§-fm-Wv. BZys¯ H³]Xp kqà-§Ä {XnX B]vXy-sâbpw (1þ-7) {Xnin-ckv Xzmjv{Ssâbpw (8-þ-9) t]cn-em- Wv. {XnX B]vXy-sâ- ap-gp-h³ kqà-§fpw 10. 8þsâ aq¶n cp `mK-§fpw Aán¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸- «-h-bm-Wv; 10. 8þ-sâ- A-h-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (7-þ9) A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn¨v C{µ-¶pw. A´n-a- kqàw (10. 9) Pe-¯n-\p-Å-X-t{X. {]`m-X-¯nse bÚm-án-bpsS P·-hn-h-c-W-t¯msS kqàw Bcw-`n- ¡p-¶p. ""PmX''i_vZw \mep XhW ChnsS BhÀ¯n-¡p¶p (1-þ3, 6). DZn-¨p-b-cp¶ Cu Aán¡v {]m]- ©n-I-amb {]m[m-\y-ap-v. cp temImÀ[-§-fpsSbpw {`qW-ambn CXns\ XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p (2). Kw`o-c-amb {]m]vXn-bn AXns\ hnjvWp-thmSp Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp¯p¶p (3). kqà-Im-c-·mÀ¡pw Ah- cpsS ]¦v A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«p-v (3). kqàw ]ptcm-K-an-¡-th, Aán-bpsS bÚ-]u-tcm-ln-Xy-]-¦m-fn-¯- ¯n Du¶p-¶p (5-þ7). Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n (7) Aán-sb -b-Ú-`q-an-bn-te¡p sImp-h-cm³ Ab-bv¡p- ¶p. Ahn-sS-bm-WtÃm bÚ¯n\v Bcw-`n-¡m³ Ign-bp-I. cmw kqà-¯nsâ Gähpw {][m-\-k-hn-ti-jX bÚ-{I-a-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ Xmev]-cyhpw Aán tZh-s\¶ \ne-bn Cu {Ia-§Ä icn-bmbn kwhn-[m\w sN¿-s¸-«-Xpw A\p-jvTn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-XpamtWm F¶p-d¸p hcp-¯p-¶p-sh-¶-Xp-am-Wv. bÚ-]-cn-]m-Sn-bnse tI{µ-ap-J-sa¶ \ne-bn Aán-bn Du¶p-I- bm-Wn-hn-sS. Aán-¡pÅ Gähpw henb KpW-ambn kqà-¯n Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶Xv Úm\-am-Wv. Ah³ hnZzm³, {] hnZzm³ Fs¶Ãmw hnti-jn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶p (1, 3, 4, 7). Xncn-¨-dn-hmWv asäm-¶v. hnPm-\³ F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xp t\m¡pI (5). aÔmXm (Nn´-bpsS Øm]-I³, 2) F¶p hnti-jn-¸n-¡m\pw CXp-Xs¶ Imc- Ww. aÀ¯yÀ Ahn-Zp-jvS-c-·m-cpw (AÚm-\n-IÄ, 4) [mÀan-Ihpw bmÚn-I-hp-amb sXäp-IÄ hcp- ¯p-¶-h-cp-at{X (4-þ5). tZh-bm-\-s¯bpw ]nXr-bm-\-s¯bpw Ipdn-¨pÅ hnNmcw (3, 7) CtX aWvU-e- ¯n ]n¶oSp [mcm-f-ambn ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-Wv. cm{Xn-bnÂ\n¶p {]`m-X-¯n-te-¡pÅ kw{I-a-W-ap-lqÀ¯-am-Wv aq¶mw kqà-¯n sImm-S-s¸- Sp¶ kw`-hw. At¸m-gmWv bÚmán Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. BZy-s¯- aq¶p ]Zy-§-fnse hnjbw kv{Xobmb cm{Xn-bp-sS-ta-epÅ Aán-bpsS hnPbhpw kv{XoX-s¶-bmb Dj-Êns\ Ah³ kzmKXw sN¿p-¶-Xp-am-Wv. Aán-bpsS hym]-I-amb {]Imiw kqà-amsI ]c-¶p-\n¡p-¶p. [mcmfw hm¡p-I- fn Ahsâ {]Im-i-In-c-W-§fpw HuÖz-eyhpw {]I-Sn-¸n¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ahsâ bm{X-IÄ ""Pzen-¸n- ¡p¶p''sh¶mWp ]d-bp-¶Xv (4). Ahsâ Inc-W-§Ä ""kzbw ip²o-I-cn-¡p-¶p'' (5). Aán ""AcXn'' (B-c-¡m¨-{Iw þ 1, 2, 6, 7). tXcn-sâbpw bm{X-bp-sSbpw _nw_-I-ev]-\-Ifpw CXn Ht«-sd-bp-v (4, 6, 7). \memw kqà-¯n Aán-bpsS P\-\hpw hfÀ¨bpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. CXnse Akm-[m-c-W-amb- - Nne Iev]-\-I-fmWv kqàs¯ {it²-b-am-¡p-¶-Xv. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Aánsb ""Xcn-ip-`q-an-bnse BZy-]m- \ob''hpambn kmZy-iy-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. 2þ3 ]Zy-§-fn hfÀ¯p-ar-K-§-fpÄs¡m-Åp¶ D]-am-]-c-¼-c-Xs¶ ImWmw. AcWn DZn-¨p-b-cp¶ Aánsb Hfn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw AXns\ `£n-¡p-I-bpw- sN-¿p-¶p-sh-¶mWv 4þ6 ]Zy-§-fnse Iev]-\. ]Zyw 6þ Aánsb ]cn-N-cn-¡p¶ ]ptcm-ln-Xsâ ssIIÄ ac-§-fn Poh³ ]Wbw sh¨p-t]mepw {]th-in-¡p¶ IÅ-t·m-tcmSv D]-an-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXv Aev]w hni-Zo-I-c-W-am-h-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p-v. cl-kym-ß-Ihpw \nKq-VX \nd-ª-Xp-amWv A©mw kqàw. EtKz-Z-¯nse A¯cw aäp kqà- §-fp-am-bn- k-¦-ev]-\-]-chpw hmN-I-ssi-eo-]-c-hp-amb Ht«sd _Ô-§-fp-ffXmWn-Xv. [mcmfw hymJym-\- §Ä Cu kqà-¯n-\p-mbn-«p-v. Pman-k¬-þ-sâ A`n-{]m-b-¯nÂ, Aán-bpsS/bÚm-án-bpsS P\- \hpw hfÀ¨bpw AXnsâ Pzme-I-fp-sSbpw ]pI-bp-sSbpw kzÀK-¯n-te-¡pÅ DbÀ¨bpw BWv CXnse {]ta-bw. IqSm-sX, krjvSn-bpsS cl-ky-§fpw Ihn-I-fpsS, IrXy-am-bn-¸-d-ªmÂ- E-jn-I-hn-I-fp-sS, tKm{X- §fpw ChnsS NÀ¨ sN¿p-¶p. kqà-amsI Aán \nd-ªp-\n¡p-¶p-s-¦nepw Ggmw ]Zy-¯nÂam- {Xta Ah³ t]sc-Sp¯p ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-Åq. kap-{Z-¯nsâ ]cm-aÀi-t¯msS kqàw XpS-§p- ¶p. Cu kap{Zw bYmÀY-¯n \½psS lrZ-b-¯n-em-sW¶pw AXv Imhy-]-c-amb DÄ¡m-gv¨-bpsS t{kmX-Êm-sW¶pw kml-N-cy-§-fnÂ\n¶p a\-Ên-em-¡mw. Cu kap{Zw Ht¶-bp-Åq. ]t£, AXnÂ\n- ¶p-m-hp¶ Aán¡v ]e P·-§-fp-v. Aán-tb-¡mfpw Ah³ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ bÚ-t¯- ¡mfpw Imhy-¯nsâ ap³K-W\ Øm]n-¡p-I-bmWv Ihn-bpsS Dt±-iy-sa¶p tXm¶p-¶p. Aánsb - ]£n-tbmSp XmZm-ßys¸-Sp-¯p-¶-XnÂ\n¶v ]n¶o-SpÅ Ahsâ kzÀK-¯n-te-¡pÅ bm{Xsb ap³Iq«n ImWp-¶-Xp-t]mse tXm¶p-¶p. ap³kq-à-¯nse \nKq-V-X-IÄ¡p-tijw Hcm-izm-kw-t]m-se-bmWv Xmc-X-tay\ efn-X-amb CuBdmw kqàw hcp-¶-Xv. ""Ch³ Chn-sS-bmWv''F¶ Adn-bn-t¸msS AXv XpS-§p-¶p. Aánsb hnh-cn-¡p¶ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fmWv ]ns¶. Chn-sS-bpÅ Bt]-£n-Imw-K-hm-Iy-§Ä 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fnepw XpS-cp-¶p. DÅ- S¡w Hcp-hn[w \ne-hm-c-s¸-«-Xm-Wv: Aán-bpsS {]Imiw (1-þ2), Ah-sâ- b-Ú-¯n-epÅ ]¦pw Ihnbpw ]ptcm-ln-X\pw X½n-epÅ ]c-kv]-c-_-Ôhpw (3-þ5), klmbw ssIh-cp-¯p-¶-Xnepw ""R§Ä''¡p-th aäp \à Imcy-§Ä sN¿p-¶-Xn-ep-apÅ Aán-bpsS CS-s]-S (6-þ7). {XnX B]vXysâ kqà-§-fn Ah-km-\-t¯-Xmb Ggmw kqà-¯n {]tXyIw {it²-b-amb H¶p-an- ¦nepw ap³]s¯ CtX Ihn-bpsS kqà-§-fp-ambn CXn\p _Ô-ap-v. 5þ6 ]Zy-§Ä Aán-bpsS EXzn-s¡¶ \ne-bn-epÅ ]¦p hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n a\p-jy-\mb bP-am-\sâ bÚw \S-¯m-\pÅ Ign-hp- tISpw Aán-bpsS AXn-\pÅ anSp¡pw Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp¯n {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. A\y-Ym, a\p-jy-\mb -b-P-am-\sâ bÚw-sIm-pÅ `uXn-I-t\-«-§-fm-Wn-Xnse {]Xn-]m-Zyw (1, 2, 4, 7). F«m-a-t¯Xpw ASp¯ H³]Xmw kqàhpw {Xnin-cÊv B]vXy-tâ-Xm-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. {XnX B]vXy-tâ- Xm-Wv Cu kqà-¯nse H³]Xp ]Zy-§-fp-sa¶p hniz-kn-¡p-¶-h-cp-ap-v. {Xnin-ckv B]vXy³ hniz-cq-]-s\¶ t]cn-e-dn-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶p-sh¶p ImWp-¶p. CXnse 7þ9 ]Zy-§-fn hniz-cq-]-s\-¸än ]d-bp-¶pv. kqà-¯nse BZys¯ Ipd¨p ]Zy-§Ä km[m-c-W-amb Aán-]-Zy-§-fm-Wv. ]t£ Ahbv¡p {]m]-©n-I-am-\-§-fp-s¶p am{Xw. P\n-¨-bp-Ss\ (2) ià-\mb Hcp B¬ar-K-ambn k¦-ev]n¡s¸« Aán temI-§-fn-eqsS kzÀK-¯n¯s¶ F¯p--¶p (1). XpSÀ¶v Ahsâ P·hpw {]Xn-jvTbpw hnh-cn-¡p¶p (3). Ahn-Ss¯ bÚ-]-cm-aÀi-§Ä {]m]- ©n-I-kq-N-\-I-fp-Å-h-bm-Wv. ]n¶oSv hÃm-s¯mcp Xncn-hmWv kqà-¯n\v (4). B ]Zy-¯n Aán GgSn sh¡p-¶p. AXp-hgn an{Xs\ (k-Jy-s¯) P\n-¸n¡p-¶p. CXv hnhm-l-¨-S-§nse ""km]vX-]Zn''(G-g-Sn-sh¨p- \S¡Â) sb HmÀan-¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu kJy-t¯msS Aán iàn-s¸«p hf-cp-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zy-§-fn (5-þ6) Aánsb ]e tZh-X-I-fp-ambpw XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw Ah³ ]e [Àa-§Ä \nÀh-ln-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Bdv Aán]- Zy-§Ä Ah³ kzÀK-¯n aqÀ[mhp sh¡p-¶-tXmsS Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. Aán {XnX-\mbn amdp¶ IY Ah- km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. H³]Xmw kqà-¯nsâ Ah-km-\s¯ \mep ]Zy§Ä (6-þ9) 1. 23. 20-þse A´y-]m-Z-sam-gnsI 1. 20-þ23 ]Zy-§-fm-Wv. Ah-bnse BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä ia-\u-j-[-§Ä \ÂIp¶ Pe-¯nsâ ia-\-]-chpw {]mb- Ýn-¯-]-c-hp-amb KpW-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p¶p (6-þ7). Ah [mÀan-I-amb s]cp-am-ä-Zq-jy-§Ä \o¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (8). 6, 8 ]Zy-§-fn ""shÅ-¯nse Xo'' F¶ sshcp[yw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Pe-¯nsâ ia-\-]-chpw Poh-{]-Z-hp- amb KpW-§Ä 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn ImWmw. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä thdn-«p-\n¡p-¶p-sh¶p ]d-bmw. H¶mw ]Zyw Pe-¯nsâ t]mj-IXzw hnh-cn¨psImv t]mj-Whpw k´p-jvSnbpw \ÂIm³ AXn-t\m-S-`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zyw ape-¸m-en\p Xpey-amb ck-am-Wv B t]mj-I-sa¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. aq¶m-a-t¯Xv hnjaw ]nSn¨ H¶m-Ip-¶p. Ahn-Ss¯ ""R§sf tNX-\-h-¯m-¡p-Ibpw P\n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶Xv'' F¶ D]a hnh-cn- ¨mte AXv a\-Ên-em-hq. ]¯m-at¯Xv Gsd {]i-kvXhpw Gsd NÀ¨ sN¿-s¸-«-Xp-amb kqà-am-Wv. BZys¯ aÀ¯y-cpw CW- bp-w ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-c-·m-cp-amb ba\pw banbpw X½n-epÅ kwLÀj-`-cn-X-amb kw`m-j-W-am-Wn-Xv. BZyw kwkm-cn-¡p-¶Xv ban-bm-Wv. Xm\p-ambn kwt`mKw \S-¯m³ AhÄ CW-bmb ktlm-Z-c-t\mSv At]-£n-¡p- ¶p. At¸mÄ AhÀ¡v a¡-fp-m-hpw; AwKo-Ir-X-co-Xn-bn hwiw \ne-\n¡pw. ba³ Ah-fpsS hmZs¯ JWvUn-¡p-¶p. AXv _em-Õw-K-am-Ipw. [mÀan-I-{Iaw Im¯p-c-£n-¡p¶ tZh-·mÀ Ahsc in£n-¡pw. AhÀ X-½n \nba-]-c-amb hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-¯n-teÀs¸-Sp-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ BZy-]-Ip-Xn-bn AhÀ At\ym\yw AIew ]men-¡p-¶p. ]qÀhn-IÀ GÀs¸-Sp-¯nb _em-Õw-K-hn-e¡p ewLn-¡-cp-sX¶v ba³ ]d-bp-¶p (4). an{Xm-h-cp-W- ·mcmWv AXv ZrV-ambn \S-¸n h-cp-¯p-¶hÀ (6). AhÀ¡v kÀh{X Nmc-·m-cpv (8). ban hmZn-¡p-¶-Xv, tbm\n-bn {`qWw hnX-bv¡p¶ XzjvSmhv Ahsc Z¼-Xn-Ifm¡n-bn-«p-s-¶mWv (5). cp XhW (5, 9) kzÀK- s¯bpw `qan-sbbpw hnfn-¡p-I-bpw sN¿p-¶p. ssewKn-tIm-t¯-P-\-ap-m-¡p-amdv ban ]d-ªn«pw ba³ Cf-Ip- ¶nà (12-þ13). Ah-km\w ba³ ban-tbmSv Hcp Imap-Is\ Is-¯m³ D]-tZ-in-¡p-¶p. 11-þmw kqàw hr¯-]-c-ambpw XZ-\p-kr-X-ambn {]ta-bLS\m-]-c-ambpw cp `mK-§-fp-Å-Xm-Wv. Ah-km- \s¯ aq¶p {XnjvSp¸p]Zy-§-fn-epÅ `mKw (7-þ9) Xmc-X-tay\ EPp-hm-Wv. bÚm-ánsb tkhn-¡pIbpw Aánsb hnfn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ a\p-jy³ sN¿p¶ bÚ-¯n\v ]e Znhy-Xz-§fpw ssIh-cp-sa¶pw bÚw XpS-§m-\pÅ A\p-aXn e`n-¡p-sa¶pw B `mKw hnh-cn-¡p¶p. PK-Xo-hr-¯-\n-_-²-amb BZy-s¯- Bdp ]Zy- §Ä (1-þ6) IqSp-X k¦oÀW-a-t{X. 3þ4 ]Zy-§Ä Ct¸m-gs¯ bÚ-¯nsâ D]-\-b-\hpw Aánbpw tkmahpw sImp-h-cp¶-Xp-ambn _Ô-s¸« ]pcm-hr-¯-§Ä kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw a\p-hn-sâ-km-¶n[yhpw \memw ]Zyw Kcp-U-sâ tkmam-]-l-c-Whpw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 1þ2, 5þ6 ]Zy-§Ä Aán-bp-sSbpw tkma-¯n-sâbpw ssZho-Ir-X-cq-]-§Ä Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Aán tlmXm-hmbpw kzÀKhpw `qanbpw km£n-I-fmbpw XpS-§p¶ bÚ-¯n\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ cp ]Zy-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn 12-þmw kqàw- B-cw-`n-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw CXv XpS-cp-¶p. ]ip-hn-³s\bv(-l-hn-Êp)- sImp hfÀ¶ AánbmWv. CXmWv ag (kzÀKo-b-amb s\¿v) s]¿n-¡p-¶Xv. ]Zyw 1-þ XpS-§nb bÚw 4þ Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. AhnsSbpw kzÀKhpw `qanbpw ""R§sf'' tIÄ¡m³ hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ cmw `mKw (5-þ8; ap³kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶v BhÀ¯n-¡-s¸« 9þ-Dw) XnI¨pw asämcp hnjbw/ hnj-b-§Ä BWv DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xv. hcp-W\v (an-{X-\pw) X§Ä F´p Ipä-amWv sNbvX-sX¶ thh-em-Xn-bm-W-hn-sS. an{X\pw AZn-Xnbpw khn-Xmhpw X§-fpsS A\-h-ZyX hcp-Ws\ t_m[y-s¸-Sp-¯p-sa¶ {]Xo-£bpw ImWmw. ba-þ-b- an-kw-hm-Z-¯nsâ ]Ým-¯e-¯n hmbn-t¡-p¶ ]Zy-amWv Bdm-a-t¯-Xv. ASp¯ ]Zy¯n (7) hnh-kzmsâ Ccn-¸n-S-¯n-te¡p ""R§Ä'' \o§p-¶p. ba\pw hnh-kzm\pw ASp-¯-Sp¯v Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-«Xv, bÚw -\-S- ¯m³thn ba³ acn-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-bmhmw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv. A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn¨v Cu 13-þmw kqàw bÚ-`q-an-bn-te¡p tkmaw sImp-h-cp¶ lhnÀ[m-\-sa¶ cp hn-I-Ä¡mWv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xv. kqà-¯n hn-Isf hyà-ambn ]cm-aÀin-¨n-«n-sÃ-¦nepw Cu kaÀ¸-W-h-kvXpX icn-bm-Wv. ]n¡m-e¯v -b-Ú-¯n-te¡p hn-bp-´p-t¼mÄ Du kqà-¯nse BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä sNmÃm-dp-ÅXv Cu ]mc-¼-cys¯ Dd-¸n-¡p-¶p-ap-v. CXnse ]Zy-§Ä AYÀh-th-Z-¯n D²-cn- ¡-s¸-«p-Im-Wp¶p. BZys¯ cp kqà-§Ä bÚ-`q-an-bn-te¡p tkmas¯ hn-bn Ibän sImp-t]m- Ip-¶-Xm-Wv. aq¶mw ]Zyw CXp XpS-cp-¶p. \memw ]Zyw tZh-·mÀ¡p bÚw sN¿m³ thn AaÀ¯y-\mb ba³ acWw hcn-¡p¶ IY kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zyw cnsâ XpSÀ¨-X-s¶. ivaim-\-kq-à-§-fn BZyt¯-Xm-Wv Cu ]Xn-\memw kqàw. BZyw acn-¡p-¶-h\pw arX-tem-I-¯nsâ cmPmhpamb ba-¶m-WnXv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]qÀhn-I-À basâ Øe-¯mWv Xma-kn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]pXp- Xmbn acn-¡p-¶-h³ ]nXr-bm-\-¯n-eqsS Ahn-sS-sb-¯p-¶p. BZyw acn¨ ba-\mWo hgn Ip-]n-Sn-¡p-¶-Xv. {]k-¶-hpw kpP-e-k-ar-²hpw (9) ]¨-¸pÂta-Sp-Å-Xp-amWv (2) Cu hgn. Cu kqà-¯n\p aq¶p `mK-§Ä: 1þ6- ]-Zy-§Ä ba-kvXp-Xn. 1-þ2 ]Zy-§Ä ss]Xr-I-tem-I-¯nsâ ]Y-{]-]-ZÀi-I-s\¶ \ne-bn bas\ kvXpXn-¡p- ¶p. XpSÀ¶v tZh-·mcpw ]nXr-¡-fp-amb aäp-Å-h-tcm-Sp-IqSn bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm³ bas\ £Wn-¡p-¶p. tZh- ·mÀ¡pw ]nXr-¡Ä¡papÅ bÚ-hn-fn-IÄ Aev]w hyXy-kvX-am-bh-bm-sW-¶Xv {it²-b-at{X: tZh-·mÀ¡p kzmlm, ]nXr-¡Ä¡p kz[m (3). tZh-þ-]n-Xr-b-Ú-co-Xn-Ifpw ChnsSbpw 13-þ16 ]Zy-§-fnepw kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp- ¶p. ba¶p tkmaw {]tXy-I-ambn kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. 7þ12- ]-Zy-§-fn ]t-bpÅ Cu ac-Ws¯¸-änb-Ã. ASp-¯- Im-et¯Xns\-¸-än-bmWv ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xv. ASp¯ Ime¯v acn¨-hs\ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Ah³ AtX hgn-bn-eqsS sN¶v ba-t\mSpw ]nXr-¡-tfmSpw AXyp-¶-X-kzÀK-¯n tNcWw. Xm¡m-en-I-ambn ]ncnª tZl-hp-ambn hopw H¶n-¨p-tN-cp-I-t]m-ep-am-hmw (7-þ8). hgn-bn D]-{Z-hn-¡m³ km[y-X-bp-Å-hsc XÅn-¡-f- bp¶p (9). basâ cv Du¡³\m-b-IÄ Ahs\ Im¡m-\p-m-hpw (10-þ12). Ah-km-\s¯ -\mep ]Zy-§Ä (13- þ16) `n¶-hr-¯-¯n-em-Wv;-Hs¶m-gn-sI. BZys¯ aqs¶®w ba\p bÚw sN¿m³ ]d-bp-¶p. \mem-a-t¯Xv (16) Gsd-¡psd Ahy-à-am-Wv. ]nXr-¡sf bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm³ £Wn-¡p¶ ap³kq-à-¯nse £W-¯nsâ XpSÀ¨-bpw hn]p-e-\- hp-am-Wv 15-þmw kqàw. Ahsc hnip-²-ZÀ`-¸pÂhn-cn-¸n-en-cn¡m³ BhÀ¯n¨p £Wn-¡pIbpw tkma-apÄs¸- sS-bpÅ lhnÊp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡m³ At]-£n-¡p-Ibpw ]Icw `uXn-Ihpw Bßo-bhpamb -t\-«-§Ä Bh-iy- s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. `mj XnI¨pw EPp-hm-sW-¦nepw ZpÀe`w Nne hmKzn-Zy-I-fn-Ãm-Xn-Ã. kqàm-h-km-\-¯n Aán {][m-\-am-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw (9-þ14) ivaim-\m-án-sb¶ \ne-bn Ah\pw ]nXr-¡-fp-am-bpÅ _Ôw kqNn- ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (11-þ14). ap³kq-àm´y-¯nse iva-im-\m-án-tI{µo-I-cWw 16-þmw kqà-¯n hnI-kn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu Aán acn-¨-h\v ]nXr-km-{am-Py-¯n-te-¡pÅ A\p-Kr-lo-X-amb Hcp tamN-\-ambpw ih-i-co-c-¯n\v iey-ambpw ImW- s¸-Sp-¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Cu D`-b-`m-h\ hyà-ambn {]ZÀin-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. AhnsS ico-cs¯ Zln-¸n-¡-cp- sX¶v Aán-tbmSp bmNn-¡p-¶p. AXns\ ]nXr-¡fnte¡p sNÃm³ ]mI-¯n thhn-¨m aXn. cmw ]Zy- ¯nepw Cu hnImcw BhÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw ih-bm{X XpS-§p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n ih-i-cocw t\cn«v kwt_m-[\ sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXnsâ `mK-§Ä AXXp {]Ir-Xn-i-àn-I-fn ebn-¡p-¶p. cp ]Zy- §ÄIqSn Aán-¡m-Wv (4-þ5). ChnsS 1þ2 ]Zy-§-fnse Bi-b-§-fpsS `wKy-´-tc-W-bpÅ BhÀ¯-\w. 6þ7 ]Zy- §-fn hopw ih-i-cocw kwt_m-[\ sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. ivaim-\m-ánbpw tkma-\p-amWv acWw Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯p- Isb¶v Bdn ]d-bp-¶p. AtX Aán-bnÂ\n¶p c£-t\-Sm-\mWv, ]t£, Ggnse DZvt_m-[-\w. Ft«m-Sp-IqSn kwkvImcw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. ih-a-S¡w Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-tXm-sS, Aaw-K-f-I-chpw ià-hp- amb ivaim-\mán sb¸än {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶p (9-þ12). \ncp-]-{Z-hhpw awK-f-I-c-hp-amb Aán-bpsS aWvU-e-¯n- te¡v AXns\ ]p\-cp-Zv{K-Yn-¡p-¶p. Cd¨n Xn¶p¶ Aán BZyw tZh-·mÀ¡pÅ lhnÊv kzoI-cn-¡p¶ atä Aán-bnÂ\n¶v thÀXn-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]{´mw ]Zy-¯n Aán-bpsS Cu cq]-´-co-I-cWw ]qÀW-am-hp- ¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ 13-þ14 ]Zy-§Ä ivaim-\-`qan {]IrXnbnte¡p Xncn-¨-h-cp-¶-Xmbn ImWn-¡p-¶p. AhnsS Xo sISp-Ibpw kky-§Ä apf-¨p-h-cn-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. 17-þmw kqàw ]c-kv]cw Bi-b-]-c-ambn s]mcp¯w th-{X-bn-Ãm¯ ]e JWvU-§-fp-sS -Hcp kam-lm-c- -am-Wv. ac-W-hp-amtbm ivaim-\-hp-amtbm _Ô-s¸« kqà-§-fpsS Iq«-¯n Ah-bp-ambn t\cn«p ]d-b-¯¡ _Ô-an-Ãms¯ Cu kqàw F§-s\- h-¶p-s]-«p-sh-¶-dn-bn-Ã. BZys¯ cp \nKq-Vm-ß-I-amb ]Zy-§-sf-¸än [mcmfw NÀ¨-IÄ \S-¶n-«p-s-¦nepw Ah-bpsS \nKq-V-X-bpsS Npcp-f-gn-¡m³ Ah-bvs¡m¶pw Ign-ªn-«p- s¶p ]d-bm-\m-hn-Ã. H¶mw ]Zyw Hcp kzbw-h-c-t¯m-Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-¶p. Aѳ aIÄ¡p-thn £W-a-b- bv¡p-¶p. temIw apgp-h³ AXn-t\mSp {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-¶p. hnhm-l-¯nâ ^e-§Ä D¯-cmÀ[-¯n kw{K-ln-¡p- ¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p (1). hnh-kzm-\mWv hc³. P\n-¡p¶ Ipªv b-a³. ""AhÄ A{]-Xy-£-bmbn'' (\-\m-i) F¶p-ap--hn-sS. cmw ]Zyw B Ipªv AÚm-X-cmb Nne-cm Hfn-¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xm-sW¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 4þ6 ]Zy-§Ä ]qjm-hn-s\-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. \à amÀK-ZÀi-I\pw \jvs¸« ]ip-¡sf Is-¯p-¶-h\pw acn-¨-hsc A]-I-S-clnX-amb hgn-bn-eqsS ]c-tem-I-s¯-¯n-¡p-¶-h-\p-am-Wv. tZhnbpw \Zn-bp-amb kc-kz-Xn- 7þ9 ]Zy-§- fn kwt_m-[\ sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. Pes¯ s]mXp-hn ]¯mw ]Zy-¯n hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. kc-kzXn hnti-jn¨v acn¨ ]nXr-¡-fp-ambpw bÚ-¯n AhÀ¡p \ÂIp¶ lhn-Êp-ambpw _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p (8-þ9). 10-þ13 ]Zy-§Ä ""{Z]vk'' (Xp-Ån) s¯ kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶-XmWv. ]¯mw ]Zy-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« ip²o-I-c-W-]-Zy- amWv Ah-km-\-t¯-Xmb 14-þmw ]Zyw. at\m-l-c-amb 18-þmw kqàw ]e JWvU-§-fmbn hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Hmtcm-¶n-sâbpw Ah-km\w ivaim-\-¨-S-§p-I-fpsS A´yw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. BZy-s¯ -Bdp ]Zy-§Ä acn-¨-h-s\-tbmÀ¯p Ic-bp-¶-hÀ NS- §p-IÄ Ignªp Xncn¨p ho«n-se¯n Pohn-X-¯n-te¡p aS-§p¶-hsc Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. H¶mw ]Zyw ac-Ws¯ XÅn-¡-f-bp-Ibpw 2þ3 ]Zy-§Ä Pohn-¡p-¶-hÀ IqSp-X sa¨-s¸« PohnXw \bn-¡p-Ibpw 5þ6 ]Zy-§Ä Pohn- Xhpw ac-Whpw {Ia-{]-Imcw \S-¡-th-Xs¶ Cf-bhÀ aq¯-h-tc-¡mÄ ap³t] acn-¡p-¶-Xn `b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw 7þ9 ]Zy-§Ä k´p-jvS-cmb h\n-X-IÄ acn¨ `À¯m-hnsâ NnX-bv¡cnsI InS-¡p¶ hn[-hsb ]n´ncn¸n¨p Pohn-X-¯n-te¡p sImp-h-cn-Ibpw ]p\Àhn-hm-l-¯n\p (hn-ti-jn¨v tZh-c-\p-ambn þ `À¯m-hn-sâ -A-\p-P-\p- am-bn) t{]cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw acn-¨-h-sâ- a-I³ AÑsâ hnÃp `mhnbn D]-tbm-Kn-¡m³ FSp-¡p-Ibpw 10-þ13 ]Zy- §Ä ih-a-S-¡p-Ibpw At¸mÄ acn-¨-hsâ A½bpw `mcybpw aäpw arZpebpw am\y-bp-amb `qansb hc-th¡p- Ibpw 14-þmw ]Zyw Ihn Xsâ ac-Ws¯¸än hnNm-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-Xn-s\-¸än {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. efn-Xhpw BhÀ¯-\-kz-`m-h-ap-ÅXpsa¦nepw ]ip-¡-tfmSv ho«n-te¡p hcm-\pÅ Cu N´-apä hnfn ba-k-am-lm-c-¯nse Ah-km-\-kq-à-a-t{X (19). F¦nepw ivaim-\-kq-à-§-fp-ambn CXn-\pÅ _Ôw hyà-a-Ã. ""]n´ncn-ªmepw'' (\n-hÀ¯-b-[zw) F¶-XmWv ssIsbm-¸p-hm-N-Iw. {]ta-b-]-c-am-bn Cu \nhÀ¯\w ba-hr-¯-hp-ambn _Ô-ap- Å-Xm-Wv. acn¨ _Ôp-hnsâ ih-a-S¡w Ignªv Pohn-X-¯n-te¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cn-I-bm-WtÃm ChÀ. hna-Z-kq-à-§-fnse Cu BZy-t¯Xv (20) 10. 25-þse BZy-]Zy¯nse GI-]mZw FSp-¯p-tNÀ¯-Xm-Wv. Cu ]c-¼-c-bpsS XpS¡w awK-f-I-c-am-¡m³ AXp-X-Ipw. cmw ]Zy-¯nsâ XpS-¡hpw CXp-t]m-se-¯-s¶: ""Aán-ao-tf'' þ EtKzZmcw-`-]-Zy-¯nse BZys¯ cp ]Zw. kqà¯nsâ an¡ `mKhpw bÚm-án-bpsS `uXn-I-km-¶n-[y-sa¶ ]cn-Nn-X-hn-j-b-am-Wv. ]t£, {]Xn-]m-Z-\-ssien {it²-b-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-tbmSpw hmN- I-ssi-en-tbmSpw IqSn-b-sX-s¶mcp hntijw ]d-bmw. Aán-bpsS taevt]m-«p kzÀK-¯n-te-¡p-h-scbpÅ hnIm- kamWv 4þ6 ]Zy-§-fn hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu hnImkw a\p-jyÀ¡pw tZh-·mÀ¡p-apÅ hgn Xpd-¡p-¶p. A´n- a-amb ]¯mw ]Zy-¯n Ihn-bmb hna-Zsâ t]cv DÄs¡m-Ån-¨n-«p-v. 21-þmw kqàw hr¯w, ]Ãhn F¶o At\ym\yw _Ô-s¸« cp cq]-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-IÄsImp {it²-b-am-Ip-¶p. BkvXm-c-]wàn F¶ hr¯w hna-Zsâ 21, 25, 24-þsâ BZy-]mXn F¶n-§s\ Cu kqà- hÀK-¯n ]cn-an-X-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. k¼¯v Zm\w sN¿-W-sa¶ A`yÀY-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb tlmXm-sh¶ \ne-bv¡pÅ Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ Aán-bpsS {]Xn-jvT F¶ efn-Xhpw kmam-\y-hp-amb DÅ-S-¡hpw Cu cq]-]-c-amb ]pXp- abpw X½n s]mcp-¯-sam-¶p-an-Ã. 22-þmw kqà-¯nsâ hr¯-]-²Xn EtKz-Z-¯n AZzn-Xo-b-a-t{X. A\n-b-X-amb hr¯-§-fpÅ ]e kqà- §-sf-bpw-t]m-se, hr¯-t¯-¡mÄ CXv hmN-I-ssi-en-bnepw hmIv{]-Xn-[z-\n-I-fnepw ss\L-p-I-irwJ-e-bnepw Gsd apt¶m-«p-t]m-Ip-¶p. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn¯-s¶ C{µsâ bi-Êns\ kw_-Ôn¨ tNmZy-¯nepw (1) D¯-c-¯nepw (2) Cu {]h-WX XpS-§p-¶Xp ImWmw. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§-fnepw C{µ-kvXpXn XpS-cp-¶p. ]t£, \men ]pcm-hr-¯mwiw \ng-em-Sp-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ _m¡n `mK-§-fn-sems¡ CXp-Xs¶ ImWmw. C{µ- sâbpw CS-]m-Sp-Im-c-\mb IpÕ-sâbpw (t]À ]d-bm-sX) Imänsâ IpXn-c-¸p-d-¯pÅ Imhy Di-\-Ênsâ ho«n- te-¡pÅ bm{X (4-þ6), ipjvW-s\¶ c£-Êns\ h[n-¡m³ C{µ-t\m-SpÅ A`yÀY-\ (7-þ9), icn-¡pÅ ipjvW- -h-[hpw A\-´c^-e-§fpw (10-þ11, 14), C{µ-t\mSp klm-b-¯n\pw kuI-cy-¯n-\pw-thn Bh-iy-s¸- Sp¶ CS-I-eÀ¶p-h-cp¶ [mcmfw ]Zy-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn (12-þ13) aäp `mK-§-fn ImWmw. C{µ-s\ tkma-]m\¯n\p £Wn-¡p-Ibpw Ah-t\mSv k·-\-Êpw c£m-IÀ¯r-Xzhpw thW-sa-¶-t]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ ]Xn-\©mw ]Zy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn kqàw kam-]n-¡p-¶p. ""C{µw bPm-atl'' (R-§Ä C{µ\p bÚw sN¿p-¶p) F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm-mWv 23-þmw kqàw XpS-§p- ¶-Xv. XpSÀ¶p-h-cp¶ C{µ-kvXpXn Gsd-¡psd amaqÂcq-]-¯n-ep-Å-Xm-Wv. \mw Ahsâ h{P-s¯-¸än tIÄ¡p- ¶p (1, 3). -C-W-¸nw-K-e-¡p-Xn-c-I-sf-¸-änbpw (1-þ3), A{X-X-s¶-bn-sÃ-¦n-epw, XmSn-sb-¸-änbpw tIÄ¡p-¶p (1, 3). tbm²m-hnsâbpw DZm-c-sâbpw ]nXm-hmb c£n-Xm-hn-sâbpw coXn-bn-emWv Ah³ Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xv (1, 2, 5). Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (6-þ7) hnaZ-s\bpw IpSpw-_-s¯bpw ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. DÅ-S¡w amaqÂcq- ]-¯n-ep-Å-sX-¦nepw tÇj-Ñmbmcq-]-amb Ae-¦m-c-§fpw aäp-wsImv cq]-¯n sshNn{Xyw hcp-¯n-bn-«p-v. 24-þmw kqàw. tZh-X, hr¯w, DÅ-S-¡w, ssien F¶n-h-sImv hyà-ambpw thÀXn-cn-¨-dn-bm-hp¶ cp eLp-kq-à-§-fmWn-h. C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä hna-Z-]-Ã-hn-bpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Ihn km[-\-§fpw klm-bhpw tZh-t\mSp t\sc tNmZn-¡p-¶p. ]Icw Ah\p tkmaw \ÂIp-¶p. Aizn-I-tfm-SpÅ ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä A\yYm Adn-b-s¸-Sm-¯tXm AYhm Aev]w am{Xw Adn-bp-¶tXm Bb ]pcm-hr¯w kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. AX-\p-k-cn¨v Cu tZh-·m-cn-cp-hcpw Hcn-W-kv{Xo-Isf IS-bp-¶p. CXv am{´n-I-am-b -A-cWn IS- bp-I-bm-hmw. B kv{XoIÄ tZh-·msc \ncm-i-s¸-Sp-¯p-amdv A{]-Xy-£-cm-hp-¶p. tZh-·mÀ Ahsc Xncn-¨p-sIm- p-h-cm³ Aizn-I-tfm-S-`yÀYn-¡p-¶p (4-þ5). CXv tIÄ¡m³ ck-ap-s-¦nepw Bibw hyà-am-hmsX \ne-sIm- Åp-¶p. H³]Xmw aWvU-e-¯n\p ]pd¯v tkma\p kaÀ¸n-¨n-«pÅ ]¯mw aWvU-e-¯nse Htc-sbmcp kq-àamWv 25-þm-a-t¯-Xv. tkmaw Hcp bÚ-h-kvXp-hm-sW¶ ]cm-aÀita Chn-sS-bn-Ã. ""AÔkx kJyw'' (X-n-sâ- k- Jyw) (1), ""aZw'' (aZ-ap-m-¡p-¶Xv) (10), ""hn...-atZ'' (a-Z-¯nÂ) (]-Ã-hn) Fs¶m-s¡-bmWv kqN-\-IÄ. Cu kqà-¯nse- tkmaw/tkma³ {][m-\-ambpw \½psS `mK-¯p-\n-¶p-m-Ip¶ _men-i-amb AXn-{I-a-§-sf -am- ¸m-¡p¶ c£-I-\m-Wv (3). \½psS- kz-¯p-¡-sfbpw \s½-¯-s¶-bpw- \n-co-£n-¡p-¶-h\pw (6-þ7) _mly-`o-j- Wn-I-fnÂ\n¶p \s½ Im¯p-c-£n-¡p-Ibpw (3, 7þ10) \½p-sS -D-¯-a-Kp-W-§Ä hfÀ¯n-sb-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn klm- bn-¡p-Ibpw (1, 4) sN¿p¶h\m-Wv. Z£n-W-bpsS cq]-¯n hnti-jn¨pw Imay-h-kvXp-¡Ä hnX-cWw sN¿p- ¶Xn taÂt\m«w hln-¡p-¶-h\p-amWv tkma³. tkmasâ Cu hiw BZyw cmw ]Zy-¯n kqNn-¸n-¡p- Ibpw A©n hnI-kn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw A´n-a-]-Zy-amb 11-þ {]Jym-]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯nse ]qjmhnsâ efn-Xhpw kPo-hhpw {Kmao-Whpw Ahsâ `uXnI{]hÀ¯-\-§-fn tI{µo- I-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-ab 26-þmw kqàw. aäp an¡ hnh-c-W-§-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn Hs«ms¡ `mh-¯nepw cq]- ¯nepw hnjaw ]nSn-¨-XmWv Cu kqàw. {]tNm-Zn-X-I-hn-Ifpw Ah-cpsS Nn´-I-fp-am-bpÅ ]qjm-hnsâ ]c- kv]-c-_Ôhpw (1-þ2, 4þ5) kplr¯pw klm-bn-bp-sa¶ \ne-bn Ahsâ ]¦p (2, 5þ8)amWv Chn-Ss¯ {]ta- b-§Ä. EtKz-Z-¯nsâ k¼qÀW-amb BwK-e-hn-hÀ¯\¯nsâ IÀ¯m-¡-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-¯n 27-þmw kqà- ¯n\v ]c-kv]-c-]q-c-I-amb cp `mK-§-fp-v. 1þ12 ]Zy-§-Ä BZy-t¯Xpw 13þ24 ]Zy-§Ä cm-a-t¯-Xpw. BZy-t¯Xn\v 1þ7, 8þ10, 11-þ12 F¶n-§-s\bpw cm-a-t¯-Xn\v 13-þ18, 19-þ24 F¶n-§-s\bpw D]-hn-`m-K-§Ä. bÚ-¯nsâ {]Xn-cq-]m-ß-I-amb ]Ým-¯-e-¯nÂ, a\p-jycpw tZh-·m-cpw, hnti-jn¨v C{µ-\pw Kmb-I\pw, X½n-epÅ icn-bmb ]c-kv]-c-_-Ô-hpw Cu ]-c-kv]-c-_Ôw Dd¸p hcp-¯p¶ {]]-©-¯nsâ icn-bmb {]hÀ¯- \-hp-amWv kqà¯nsâ BsI-¡q-Sn-bpÅ {]ta-bw. ]t£, kqà-¯nsâ KXn-bn hyXy-kvX-co-Xn-bn Cu {]tabw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. C{µ-þKm-b-I-kw-`m-j-W-amWv BZy-]-Ip-Xn. AXn C{µ³ Xm³ bP-am-\- ·mÀ¡p klm-bw \ÂIp¶Xpw bÚw sN¿m-¯-hsc \in-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw X½n sshcp-[y-an-söp ]d-bp- t¼mÄ (1, 4) Kmb-I³ Xm³, kzbw al-Xz-hÂI-cn-¡p¶ \nco-iz-c-·m-Às¡Xn-cmbn C{µ\p \ÂIp-¶-Xnsâ Dt±iyw {]Xn-[z-\n-¸n-¡p-¶p (2). C{µ³ Kmb-Isâ Dt±-iy-¯n Hs«ms¡ kwi-bm-ep-hm-Wv. klm-b¯nsâ Bhiyw hcp-t¼mÄ am-{X-amWv a\pjyÀ X\n¡p bÚ-§Ä sN¿p-¶-sX¶v Ah³ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Xm³ Ahsc t\Sp-¶-Xn klm-bn-¨p-I-gn-ªm AhÀ X\n¡p \ÂIm³ ad-¡p¶p (3). C{µ³ hopw Xsâ A[n- Im-c-s¯-¸än Bß-{]-iwk sNbvXp-Xp-S-§n. (5). Kmb-It\m C{µ³ Xs¶tbm Abm-Ún-I-cpsS \miw hmKvZm\w sNbvXp-sImv AXm-hÀ¯n-¡p¶p (6). KmIsâ C{µ-a-l-Xz-h¡-c-W-t¯msS Cu JWvUw Ah-km-\n-¡p- ¶p (7). ASp¯ ]Zy-§-fn asämcp _nw_-I-ev]-\-bnÂ, \jvS-s¸«pw Aeªpw \S-¡p¶ ]ip-¡-fpsS cq]-I- ¯nÂ, C{µsâ A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw {]Xn-tbm-Kn-Ifpw X½n-epÅ sshcp[yw XpS-cp-¶p. F«mw ]Zy-¯n A]-cn-Nn- X-sâ- ssa-Xm-\-¯n CS-b-t\m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-sW-¦nepw ]ip-¡Ä taªp-\-S-¡p-¶p. `àn-bn-Ãm¯ a\p-jy-sc-bmWv ChnsS Ae-ªp-\-S-¡p¶ ]ip-¡-sf-s¡m-p-t±-in-¡p-¶-sX-¶mWv Hcp hymJym-\w. C{µ³ aäp coXn-I-fn aäp t\Xm-¡-fm A\p-K-an-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. H³]Xmw ]Zy-¯n Xsâ \jvSs¸« CS-bs\ hopw sImp-h- cm\pw AhÀ¡n-S-bn hopw icn-bmb _Ô-§Ä Dm-¡m\pw hmKvZm\w sN¿p-¶p. ]¯mw ]Zy- ¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[¯n\v CS-bs\ hopw sImp-h-cp-¶Xv Adn-bn-¡p¶ Hcp kXy-a-{´-¯n-sâ -kz-chpw D¯- cmÀ[¯n\v Xsâ ZpÀ_-e-s¸« i{Xp-¡-fn AXp-f-hm-¡p¶ {]Xym-Lm-X-§Ä {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p¶ kzc-hp-amWp-Å- Xv. ""kv{XoI-tfm-Sp-IqSn'' C{µ-t\mSp bp²w sN¿p¶hcmWo i{Xp-¡sf¶mWv `mh-\. Cu Iev]-\-bm-hWw tZmjapÅ kv{XoIsf hnhmlw Ign-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p¶ \nb-a-{]-iv\-§-fn-te¡p IS-¡p¶ 11-þ12 ]Zy-§Ä¡p t{]c- Iw. AÔsb hcn-¡p-¶-h³ AhÄ AÔ-bm-sW-¶-dn-ªp-sIm-m-W-§s\ sN¿p-¶-sX-¦n AXv AZp-jvS-am- sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. adn-¨m-sW-¦n adn-¨pw. 12-þmw ]Zy-¯n tZmj-an-Ãm¯ k´p-jvSbmb h[p-hmWv Bcy-k-ap- Zm-b-¯nse DNn-Xhpw hnP-b-{]-Z-hp-amb amä-¡-eymWw F¶pw hyà-am-¡p-¶p. bÚw sN¿p-¶-hcpw sN¿m- ¯-h-cpw, CS-b-t\m-sSm¸w sFIy-t¯msS k©-cn-¡p¶ ]ip-¡fpw X½n ]ncnªv Ae-ªp-\-S-¡p¶ ]ip- ¡-fpw, DNn-X-amb Icm-dp-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb hnhm-lhpw I_-fn-¸n-¡-en-eqsS \S-¡p¶ hnhm-lhpw þ Cu aq¶p _nw_-I-ev]-\-Ifpw Hmtcm-¶nepw BZy-t¯-Xn-\pÅ anIhpw Cu kq-à-¯nsâ BZy-]-IpXn hyà-am-¡p- ¶p.cmw ]Ip-Xn, Hä-t\m-«-¯nÂ, CXp-ambn _Ô-an-Ãm-¯-sX¶p tXm¶p-sa-¦n-epw, kq£va-hn-Nm-c-¯n Gähpw {][m-\-s¸«Xpw bÚ-kw-_-Ôn-bp-amb Iev]\ sXfn-ªp-h-cpw. tZh-·mcpw a\p-jycpw X½n-epÅ ZrV-_- Ôhpw AXn-sâ- h-fÀ¨bpw bÚ-¯n-eq-sS-bm-sW¶ Iev]-\. Cu ]Ip-Xn-bnse BZy-s¯- Bdp ]Zy-§Ä (13- þ18) bÚ¯n-sâ- kr-jvSnsbbpw AXnsâ tI{µ-amb Aánsbbpw hnh-cn-¡-p-¶p. ]e {]mNo\ Bcy-k-ap-Zm- b-§Ä (k-]vXÀjn-IÄ, \h-Kz-·mÀ, Zi-Kz-·mÀ apX-em-b-h-cm-bn-cn-¡mw) kl-I-cn-¨p-sIm-mhmw bÚs¯ cq]-s¸-Sp-¯n-bXpw hfÀ¯n-s¡m-p-h-¶-Xpw. bmÚn-Icpw Abm-Ún-I-cp-sa¶ hn`m-Khpw Cu Ime-¯p-X- s¶- cq]w sImn-cn-¡-Ww. Cu BZys¯ ]Xn-s\«p ]Zy-§fpw {]iv\-k-¦p-e-am-sW-¦nÂ, Ah-km-\--s¯ - Bdp ]Zy-§Ä A]qÀh-]-Z-{]-tbm-K-§fpw aäp cq]-]-c-amb Imc-W-§fpw sImv AXoh ZpÀ{K-lw-X-s¶-bm- Ip-¶p. CsXÃmw tIhew Dulm-[n-jvTn-X-§fpw IqSp-X ]T-\K-th-j-W-§Ä¡p hnt[-b-am-t¡--h-bp-am-Wv. 10. 27-þsâ hne-s¸« Iq«mb asämcp hkp-{I-kq-àw (28). Cu kqàw bP-am-\-]-Xv\n Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p¶ Kmb-I³/bP-am-\³, C{µ³ F¶n-hÀ X-½n \S-¡p¶ kw`m-j-W-w DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. ap³kq-às¯ At]- £n¨v IqSp-X ZrV-amb LS-\-bp-ÅXpw asämcp Xc-¯n AXnsâ ]qc-I-hp-am-Wn-Xv. Xmc-X-tay\ EPphpw efn-X-hp-amb `mj-bp-am-Wn-hn-sS. hnP-b-I-chpw AÃm-¯-Xp-amb bÚ-§fpw BI-kvan-I-ambn hcm-hp¶ ]cm-P-b-¯n D¡WvT ]peÀ¯p¶ bP-am-\-]-Xv\nbpw bP-am-\\pw tZh-·m-sc, hnti-jn¨v C{µ\v IrXy-ambn bÚlhn-Êp-\ÂIn Ahs\ BIÀjn-¡p-¶-Xp-amWv CXnse DÅ-S-¡w. C{µsâ kv\pj-bmb bP-am-\-]Xv\n C{µ³ bÚ-¯n hcm-¯-Xn tkm¡WvTw {i²n-¡p-¶-tXmsS kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p¶p (1). cmw ]Zy-¯n C{µ³ X\n¡p IrXy-ambn tkmaw \ÂIp-¶-hs\ c£n-¡p-sa¶p {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-¶p (3). Kmb-I³ C¯ncn ap³tIm-]-t¯msS adp-]Sn ]d-bp-¶Xv, ]ngn-sª-Sp¯ tkmaw am{X-a-Ã, thhn¨ Imfbpw C{µ\p \ÂIp-sa¶pw Ah³ Cu DW- ¡-¡m-en-¯oä Xn¶p-sa¶pamWv (3). ChnsS s]mSp-¶-\th hnj-bw- A-Yhm kzcw amdp-¶p. C{µ³ ""KmbIm! Fsâ Cu hm¡p {i²n-¨mepw!'' F¶n-§s\ \memw ]Zyw XpS-§p-¶p. ]n¶oSv ]n¡m-es¯ ]©-X-{´-¯n- set¸mepÅ ar-K-I-Y- kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n shdpw km[p-a-\p-jy-\mb X\n¡v tZhs\ a\-Ên-em- ¡p-¶-Xn-epÅ Ign-hns\-¸än kwibn¡pp¶p. XoÀ¨-bmbpw tZh-³ Xs¶ icn-bmb ka-b¯v {]_p-²\m-¡p- sa¶p ]d-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§sf¸än (6-þ8) ]n¶oSp NÀ¨ sN¿mw. 9þ10 arK-I-Y-I-fn- te¡p IS-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (11-þ12) bÚ-¯n-\pthn Dt±-in-¨Xv `£n-¡p¶ AXym-{K- ln-Ifpw A§s\ kzbw ZpÀ_-e-cm¡p-¶hcpw bÚ¯n-\p-thn A[zm-\n-¨p-sImv A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¶-hcpw X½n-epÅ sshcp[yw hyàam¡p¶p . A§-s\, kqàw -L-Sn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv Cu coXn-bn-emWv: 1þ3, 11-þ12 F¶o _mly-]-Zy-§Ä hntP-Xm-¡fpw ]cm-Pn-X-cp-amb bÚw sN¿p-¶-hscbpw bÚw sN¿m-¯-hscbpw kw_-Ôn-¨-h. XpS-¡-¯n-epÅ ]Zy-§Ä IqSp-X hyàn-]-chpw Ah-km-\-t¯h IqSp-X s]mXpkz-`m-h-ap-Å-h-bp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu {]iv\-s¯-¸än a\p- jy\pw tZh\pw X½n-epÅ kw`m-jWw 4þ5. 9þ10 ]Zy-§-fn hn\y-kn-¡p-¶p. Ah tZhsâ A\p-im-k\w aÀ¯y\p a\-Ên-em-¡m³ Ignbp-¶Xv ap³]v arK-cq-]-I-§-fn-eqsS Npcp-¡-¯n kqNn-¸n-¨Xv efn-X-amb `m-j- bn tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. 6þ8 F¶o tI{µ-]-Zy-§-fn CXp IrXy-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨n-«p-v. C{µ³ Xsâ XXzw bYm-k-abw {]Jym-]n-¡p-sa-¶v Kmb-I-t\mSp t\cn«p ]d-bp-¶pv (5). 10-þ11 ]Zy-§-fn ZpÀ_eÀ (a-\p-jyÀ) iàsc (-C-{µmZntZh·m-sc) b-Ú-¯n-eqsS \nb-{´n-¡p-¶p-sh¶v arK-I-Y-I-fn-eq-sSbpw aäpw Cu kqà-¯nsâ tI{µ-{]-tabw t]mse kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p-v. ka-Im-e-Øn-Xnbpw bÚ-km-l-N-cyhpw Ah-km-\-]-Zy-§-fn (11- þ12) hnh-cn-¡p-¶Xv bÚw sN¿p-¶-hcpw AÃm-¯-hcpw X½n-epÅ sshcp-[ys¯ A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. hkp-{Isâ aäp cp kqà-§-tf-¡mÄ sNdpsX¦nepw Imcy-§Ä icn¡p {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p¶XmWv Cu 29- þmw kqàw. H¶mw ]Zyw D¨m-c-W-]-chpw cq]-]c-hpw hmIy-hn-\ym-k-]-c-hp-amb kq{X-hn-Zy-IÄ [mcmfw {]ZÀin- ¸n-¡p-¶p. ]tcm-£-ambpw kqN-\- h-gnbpw AXv {]`m-X-b-Ú-¯nse Gähpw {][m-\-amb Aán, C{µ³, hmbp, Aizn-IÄ F¶o A©p tZh-·m-sc- ]cmaÀin¡p¶p. C{µs\ am{Xta t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-bp-¶p-Åq. Gähpw {][m-\-tZ-h-X-bmb DjÊv cmw ]Zy-¯n hcp-¶p-v. icn-bmbn AÀ¸n¡-s¸« lhn-Êp-I-fn-eqsS bÚ-¯n C{µ³ k¶n-ln-X-\m-hm³ A`yÀYn-¡p¶p. ]ta-bhpw {]Xn]m-Z-\-hp-sam¶pw th{X hyà-a- söp ]d-bmw. {]mXx-k-h-\hpw C{µm-án-kw-tbm-Khpw hnh-cn-¡p¶p BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä Ign-ªm bÚ-¯n C{µsâ km¶n-[y-amh-iy-s¸-Sp¶ `mK-sams¡ Hcp hn[w hyà-amWv (4). ap¸Xmw kqàw bÚ-]-c-ambn hfsc \nÝ-b-ZmÀVy-ap-ÅXpw hmkvX-h-¯n tkma-b-Ú-¯n sNmÃp- t¼mÄ ]n¡m-e-{iu-X-b-Ú-§-fn A\p-jvTn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. 1þ3 -]-Zy-§-fn A[z-cyp-]p-tcm-ln-X-·mÀ tkma-k-h-\-¯n-\pÅ shÅw sImp-h-cm³ Ab-bv¡-s¸-Sp-¶psh¦n-epw- BZyw shÅ-¯n-\pw -sh-Å-¯nsâ Ipªn\pw (A]mw \]m-¯v) lhn-Êp-I-fÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv A[z-cyp-¡Ä bÚ-`q-an-bn-te¡p shÅw sImp- h-cp-¶p (4-þ9). H¸w apJy-tkma]\mb C{µ-t\mSv AXv Is¸-«n-«p-s¶v A\p-kva-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ImcWw AXns\ kzX-{´-am-¡n-bXv Ah-\-t{X (7). XpSÀ¶v shÅw bÚ-`q-ansb kao-]n-¡p-¶-tXm-sS, IqSp-X Pe-kvXpXn hcp-¶p (10-þ12). 13-þ14 ]Zy-§-fn shÅ-¯nsâ hc-hm-Wv. 15-þ kh\w XpS-§m³ Ign-bp-¶p. shÅ-¯nsâ (B-]x) kvss{XWhpw DÕm-l-]qÀhw hg-§p-¶-Xp-amb {]IrXs¯bpw AXnsâ A[z-cyp-¡Ä (2), tkmaw (5- þ6), tZh-·mÀ F¶n-§s\ hnhn-[-]u-cp-j-i-àn-I-fp-am-bpÅ _Ôs¯bpw (15) ChnsS Du¶p-¶p. At§-bäw Ahy-à-amWv 31-þmw kqàw. bÚ-¯nsâ \nKq-Vm-ß-I-X-sbbpw bÚw ssIh-cp-¯p¶ tZh-·mcpw a\p-jycpw X½n-epÅ _Ô-§-sfbpw bÚ-¯nsâ kphy-à-{]-Xo-I-amb Aán-sbbpw aÀ¯ym- aÀ¯y-k-Jy-s¯bpw ]än-bm-Wn-hnsS {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶-sX-¶mWv Hcp hymJym\w (Pm-an-k¬). hntiz-tZ-h-kq- à-am-Wn-sX-¦nepw B hIp-¸nse aäq- kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-am-Wn-Xv. amaq k{¼-Zm-b-¯n-epÅ Hcp tZhX Cu kqà-¯n-\p-s-¦n AXv Aán-b-t{X. bÚ-cwKw hnh-cn-¡p¶ \mep ]Zy-§-tfmsS kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. 5þ6 ]Zy-§Ä tI{µ-_n-µp-hm-sW¶p ]d-bmw. Ah bÚ-Nn-{Xo-I-c-W-¯n\v Hcp {]m]-©n-I- am\w \ÂIp-¶p. {]]-©-¯nsâ D¸-¯n-I-sf-¸änbpÅ Dulm-t]m-l-§-fmWv 7þ10 ]Zy-§-fnÂ. ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä Aán-sb-¸än {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶Xpw Ggmw ]Zy-¯nse {]]-t©m¸-¯n-]-c-amb tNmZy-¯n\p hni-Zo- I-cWw \ÂIp-¶-Xp-amWv. Ah-km-\-s¯ 11-þmw ]Zyw Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bpsS kz`m-h-ap-Å-X-t{X. A\p-{I-aWn 32-þmw kqàw C{µ-¶mWv kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶-sX¦n-epw, hmkvX-h-¯nÂ, hr¯w-sImpw hnj- bw-sImpw CXv cp {]tXyI`mK-§-fm-Wv. BZy-s¯- A©p ]Zy-§Ä C{µ¶pw Ah-km-\s¯ \mep ]Zy- §Ä Aán-¡p-ap-Å-Xm-Wv. F¦nepw {]ta-b-]-c-ambn Chbv¡p X½n sFIy-ap-v. C{µ-]-Zy-§Ä bm{Xm-kq- à-¯n-sâ- ssi-en-bn-ep-Å-X-t{X. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n IpXn-c-IÄ C{µs\ sImp-h-cp-¶p. cn bm{X XpS-cp- ¶p. tI{µ-_n-µp-sh¶p ]d-bm-hp¶ \memw ]Zy-¯n bÚ-`qan AYhm bÚ-thZn hnh-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n Ccp-h-gn-I-fn-eq-sS-bpÅ bm{X-bmWv: tkmaw tZh-·m-cn-te¡pw C{µ\pw kplr-¯p-¡-fmb aäp tZh- ·mcpw bÚ-¯n-te¡pw t]mIp-¶p. 33-þmw kqàw. c£n-Xmhp acn-¨p-t]mb Hcp Ihn-bpsS hnem-]w. ap³]s¯ c£n-Xm-hn-t\m-Sp tPmen-¡p- th-n-bpÅ A`yÀY-\-bmbpw Cu kqàw amdp-¶p. kqàw ]ptcm-K-an-¡p-t´mdpw hr¯w amdn-am-dn-hcp-¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ah³ Xsâ hnin-jvSm-[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]qÀhm-\p-`hw A\p-kva-cn-¡p-¶p. s]s«- ¶mWv AXym-lnXw h¶p-s]-Sp-¶-Xv. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä Ahsâ C¶s¯ Zb-\o-bm-hØ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶v C{µ-t\mSv klm-b-¯n-¶-`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ Bdp ]Zy-§-fn Ah³ Xsâ ap³c-£n-Xm- hmb Ipcp-{i-h-Ws\ F§s\""hcn¨p'' sht¶mÀ¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv Ah³ Xsâ aI\mb -D-]-a-{i-h-Ên\p Xs¶- ¯s¶ ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ cp- ]-Zy-§-fn Ah³ Xsâ c£n-Xm-hn-sâbpw kplr-¯n- sâbpw ac-W-¯n-epÅ \nÊ-lm-bamb ZpxJm-h-Ø-bn-te¡p Xncn-¨-h-cp-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯nse Gähpw {]kn-²hpw Gähpw hnhÀ¯\w sN¿-s¸-«Xpw Gähpw ]Zy-k-am-lm-c-§-fn DÄs¡m-Ån-¡-s¸-«-Xp-amWv Cu 34-þmw kqàw. Poh-Êp-äXpw DÖz-e-hp-amb CXv ]cm-Pn-X-\mb Hcp NqXm-«-¡m- csâ hnjm-Z-a-b-amb hnem]w Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. lX-`m-Ky-\mb hàmhv Xm³ NqXp Ifn-¡p-Itbm AXn-s\-¸än Btem-Nn-¡p-I t]meptam sN¿p-t¼mÄ Ahs\ {Kkn-¡p¶ A{]-Xn-tcm-[y-amb lchpw (1, 5þ9) hyàn-Po-hn-X- ¯n AXp-f-hm-¡p¶ Bß-\n-µbpw (2-þ4, 10-þ11) hnhcn-¡p¶p. kqà-¯nsâ Ah-km-\-`m-K¯v Ah³ NqXp- Ifn Dt]-£n-¡p-sa¶p {]XnÚ sN¿p-Ibpw (12) khn-Xr-tZ-h³ Ahs\ ]qÀh-Øn-Xn-bn-te¡p sImp-h-cn- Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ah-km-\-]Zyw (14) Ah³ NqXpIsf kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-Ibpw Ah-tbmSv Xs¶ XyPn-¨v asäm-cn-csb Ip-]n-Sn-¡m³ At]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. {]mNo-\-`m-c-X-¯nse kmwkvIm-cn-I-aWvUe-¯nÂ, hnti-jn¨v cmPm-¡-·m-cp-sS-bpw `c-W-hÀK-¯n-sâ-bpan-S-bnÂ, NqXp-I-fn¡v apJy-am-sbmcp Øm\-ap-m-bn-cp- ¶p. alm-`m-c-X-¯n CXn\p \ÂInb {]m[m\yw hyà-am-W-tÃm. 35 {]mY-an-I-ambn {]`m-X-kq-à-am-Wv. hnti-jn¨v {]mXx-k-h-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« kqcy³, Dj-Êv, Aán, C{µ³, Aizn-IÄ, Zymhm-]r-Ynho F¶o tZh-X-Isf hnfn-¨psImv klm-b-¯n\pw kwc-£-W-¯n-\pw -thn At]-£n-¡p¶ kqàw. ]¯v B´-c-]-Zy-§Ä (3-þ12) Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸« bÚm-án¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« Hmtcm - ]mZw \nd-ªp-\n¡p¶ ]Ã-hn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-b-t{X. Dj-Ênsâ {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä 3þ6 ]Zy-§-fn hÀWn- ¡p-¶p. BZn-Xy-·m-sc-¡p-dn¨v Ah-km-\-`m-K¯v (9, 11-þ12) ]-d-bp-¶p. Ah-cpsS A\-h-Zy-Xsb¸än -B-Zy-`m-Ks¯ ]Zy-§-fnepw (2-þ3) kXy-{]-Jym-]-\-s¯-¸än F«mw ]Zy-¯nepw ]cm-aÀi-ap-v. 36-þmw kqàw ap³kq-à-¯n-sâ- hy-à-amb Hcp Iq«msW¶p ]d-bmw. cpw 14 hoXw ]Zy-§-f-S-§p-¶p. CXnepw Aev]m-ev]-hy-Xym-k-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]Ã-hn-bp-v. hmN-I-ssi-en-I-fnepw kmayw ZÀin-¡mw. ]t£, CXv, ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸m-se, {]`m-X-b-Ú-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-X-Ã. tZh-X-I-fpsS hym]vXnbpw IqSp-X-em-Wv. AhÀ¡v BZn-Xy-_Ôw A[nIw ImWmw (1, 3þ4, 12-þ13). 10. 35-þ AØn-am-{X-ambn {]kvXm-hn¨ {]tabw IqSp-X Xr]vXn-I-camb cq]-¯n hnI-kn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡-bm- Wn-hn-sS 37-þÂ. ]t£, Cu cp kqà-§fpw Htc Ihn-bp-tS-X-Ã. Znh-tk-\-bpÅ kqtcym-Zbw ""A\-h- ZyX''bpsSbpw BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS kwc-£-W-¯n-sâbpw Npcp-¡-¯n-ep-sÅmcp kXycq]-h¡-cW-am-bn-«mWv {]I- Sn-¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xv. F¶m Cu cp {]ta-b-§fpw Ahn-sS -kq-à-¯n ]te-S¯pw Nn¶n-¨n-X-dn-¡n-S-¡p-I-bm-Wv. AXv {]mXx-k-h-\-¯nepw AXp-ambn _Ô-s¸« hnhn-[-tZ-h-X-I-fnepw tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. ChnsS an{Xm-h-cp-W- ·m-cpsS I®v F¶ \ne-bn kqcy-\mWv {][m-\w. A§s\ a\p-jycpsS Ipähpw Ipä-an-Ãm-bvabpw \nco-£n- ¡p-¶-h-\mWv kqcy³. AXv kqàm-cw-`-¯nte Adn-bn-¡p¶p (1). XpSÀ¶v 35-þmw- kq-à-¯nse kXy-cq-]-h¡- c-W-¯nsâ hnI-kn-X-cq]w (2). kqcy³ \ap¡p ssIh-cp-¯p¶ t\«-§fpw Ahsâ Xncn-¨p-t]m-¡n-sâ -\n-b-X- Xzhpw kqà-¯nsâ a[y-`m-K¯v hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-`m-K¯v a\p-jysâ s]cp-am-ähpw kqcysâ \nXy-k- µÀi-\hpw X½n-epÅ _Ôw Dd-¸n-¡p-¶p (9). \mw Adn-bmsX sNbvXp-t]mb sXäp-IÄ¡pw i{Xp-¡sf _en- bm-Sp-I-fm-¡p-¶-Xn\pw s]mXp-hmb {]mb-Ýn-¯t¯msS (12) kqàw kam-]n-¡p-¶p. kqàw 38. C{µ apjvI-hm³ F¶ Ihn-\maw A\p-{I-a-Wn-bn sImSp-¡p-¶p-s-¦nepw AXv Cu kqà- ¯nse A´n-a-]-Zy-¯nÂ\n-s¶-Sp-¯Xpw XnI¨pw Ir{Xn-a-amb H¶p-am-sW¶p hyàw. episâ aäp kqà-§- tfmSv hyà-ambn _Ô-ap-Å-Xm-Wn-Xpw. C{µs\ bp²-¯n X§-fpsS `mK-¯p- \nÀ¯m³ Hcp tNcn hnfn-¡p- ¶-XmWv Cu ssk\n-I-kq-à-¯nse {]Xn-]m-Zyw. ssien NSp-e-am-Wv. C{µ³ XnI¨pw kzX-{´-\-söpw hnti- jn¨v FSp-¯p-]-d-bm-\m-hm¯ Ft´m Hcp _Ô-¯m IpÕ\pambn AI-em-\m-hm¯ Hcp ØnXn C{µ-¶p- s¶pw B _Ôw s]mfn-¡-W-sa¶pw Ihn At]-£n-¡p-¶p. 10. 39 apX 10. 56 hsc-bpÅ kqà-§Ä aq-¶nsâ Iq«-§-fmbn kwhn-[m-\w- sN-¿-s¸-«ncn-¡p-¶p. Hmtcm Iq«hpw Hmtcm IhnbptS-Xm-sW¶v A\p-{I-aWn ]d-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Aizn-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« ASp¯ a¶p kqà-§Ä tLmj F¶ Ih-bn-{XnbpsSbpw (39-þ40) Ah- cpsS aI-sâbpw (41) BWv. tLmj-X-s¶-bmWv Im£o-hXn (I-£o-hmsâ aIÄ) F¶p Icp-X-Ww. AXy- ]qÀh-amb cN\minev]w Imgv¨-sh-¡p¶ IhnbmWv I£o-hms\¶v Aizn-IÄ¡p-Xs¶ kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« 1. 116- þ126 kqà-§Ä hyà-am-¡p-¶p. Im£o-h-Xn-bpsS kqà-§Ä I£o-h-mtâ-Xp-ambn AXy-[nIw kmZr-iy- ap-Å-h-b-t{X. I£o-hm³ Xsâ kqà-§-fn kv{XoI-tfmSpw hnhm-l-t¯mSpw A\p-`mhw ]peÀ¯p- ¶p-sh-¶Xv {it²-b-am-Wv. tLmj-bpsS aq¶p kqà-§Ä Aizn-I-fpsS tXcns\ hnfn-¡p¶ ]Zy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-¶p. A´n-a-kqàw (41) Aizn-I-fpsS {]mXx-k-h-\-bm-{X-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶p. aäp bÚ-§-fn t]mIp-¶- Xn-t\-¡mÄ ap³K-W\ X§-fp-tS-Xn\p \ÂI-W-sa¶ Ah-tcm-SpÅ DZvt_m-[\w AXpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. aäp cs®w, hnti-jn¨v 40, kv{Xokzc-ap-ÅXpw hnhm-l-tI-{µo-Ir-X-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu ]c-¼-c-bn BZy- t¯Xv (39) I£o-hm³ssien-bn-epÅ \ne-hm-c-s¸« Hc-izn-kq-à-am-Ip-¶p. tXcn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ H¶mw ]Zy-¯n- \p-tijw Aizn-I-tfmSp kar-²-amb Zm\-§Ä¡v At]-£n-¡p¶p (2). Aizn-IÄ sNbvX \à IÀa-§-fpsS ]«nI Npcp-¡-¯n 3þ4 ]Zy-§-fn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Ah-cpsS {]mNo-\-amb hoc-IÀa-§Ä A©mw ]Zy- ¯nÂ. 7þ11 ]Zy-§-fn ap³]-«n-I-bp-sS -hn-]p-eo-Ir-X-cq-]w. Cu ]«n-I-I-fpsS CS-bv¡pÅ Bdmw ]Zyw thdn-«p- \n¡p-¶p. A\m-Ybpw AK-Xn-bp-amb Hcp kv{Xo Aizn-I-tfmSv klm-b-¯n-¶-t]-£n-¡p-¶p. 11-þmw ]Zy-¯nepw CXp-t]m-ep-sÅmcp kv{Xo hcp-¶p-v. Ch-cm-sc-¶-Xn-s\-¸än [mcmfw NÀ¨-IÄ ]WvUn-X-tem-I¯v \S-¶n-«p-v. Aizn-I-fpsS cY-bm-{Xm-hn-h-c-W-t¯msS kqàw Ah-km\n¡p-¶p. 39-þ40 kqà-§-fpsS bÚ-k-µÀ`-s¯-¸än Fkv. U_vfyp. Pman-k¬, tPmb ]n. s{_sd-«¬ F¶o hnhÀ¯-IÀ X½n {]I-S-amb A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-Å-Xp-sImv Ah-cn-sem-cmÄ (Pm-an-k¬) \mev]Xmw kqà-¯n\v {]tXy-I-am-bn-¯s¶ Bap-J-sa-gp-Xn-bn-cn-¡p¶p (E-tKz-Z-¯nsâ k¼qÀW-amb BwK-e-hn-hÀ¯- \w, ku¯v CuÌv Gjym C³Ìn-äyq-«v, sSIvkmkv bq\n-th-gvkn-än, 2014, hmfyw 3, t]Pv 1441-þ2). ChnsS CS-s]«v Aizn-I-tfmSp ]d-bp¶ tLmj, ap³kq-à-¯nse t]À ]d-bm¯ kv{XobnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-bm-sW¶pw CXnse A©mw ]Zyw kzbw-h-cs¯¡pdn-¡p-¶Xm-sW¶pw Aizn-IÄ kzbw-h-c-¯n k¶n-ln-X-cm-Ip¶ cmP-Ip-am-c- ·mcmsW¶ kqN\ aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nte Ds¶pw 6þ8 ]Zy-§Ä tLmj-bpsS hm¡p-I-fm-hm³ km[y-X-bn- söpw AhÀ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu cp kqà-§fpsSbpw kµÀ`w AXn-cm-{X-b-Ú-¯nsâ Ah-km-\- -¯nem-sW¶ ho£-Whpw AhÀ Btem-N-\-bvs¡-Sp-¡p-¶p. {]kvXp-X-kq-à-§Ä ]n¡m-e-hn-c-Nn-X-§- fm-bn-cn-¡m-sa¶ A`n-{]mbw IW-¡n-se-Sp-¯v, ]n¡m-e-b-Ú-§-fnse bP-am-\-Z-¼-Xn-I-fpsS km¶n[yhpw IÀa-]-¦m-fn-¯hpw hnhm-l-km-^-ey-¯n-\m-h-iy-amb k´m-\-e-_v[n-bp-saÃmw \m¸Xmw kqà-¯n ]cm-a- jvS-§-fm-sW¶pw Pman-k¬ \nco-£n-¡p-¶p. Cu kqà-hn-`m-K-¯nsâ Bap-J-¯n ]d-ª-Xp-t]mse Cu eLp-hmb A\p-_Ôw (41) amaqÂk-{¼-Zm- b-¯n-epÅ Hcp bm{Xm-kq-à-am-Ip-¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nse cY-]-cm-aÀiw am{Xta Ignª cp tLmjm-kq-à- §-fp-ambn _Ô-ap-s-¶-Xn\p sXfn-hp-Åq. tLmj-bp-sS -]p-{X-\mb Lutj-b-\mWv Ihn-sb¶p hyà-am-Wv. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ahsâ kpl-kvXy-s\¶ {]Y-a-\m-a-ap-v. C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« ASp¯ aq¶p kqà-§-fpsS (42-þ44) Ihn IrjvW BwKn-c-k-\m-sW¶p ImWp- ¶p. Ch hyà-amb ]Z-_-Ô-§Ä ImWn-¡p-¶p. sImÅ-ap-XepIfpw bp²-§-fn klm-bhpw \ÂIp-¶ C{µ\pw Imhy-§fpw lhn-Êp-Ifpw AÀ¸n-¡p¶ Kmb-I\pw/ bP-am-\\pw X½n-Â, Ccp-Iq-«À¡pw t\«-§-fp-m-¡p¶ ]c-kv]-c-hn-\n-a-bmWv Cu kqà-¯nse (42) {]ta-bw. 43-þmw kqà-¯n\v CtX Ihn-bpsS ap³kq-à-hp-ambn kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw ASp¯ _Ô-ap-v. 10-þ11 F¶o A´n-a-]-Zy-§Ä H¶p-X-s¶. ]Zm-h-en-bnepw hmN-I-ssi-en-bnepw kmay-ap-v. ]t£, cpw X½n {]ta-b-]-c- ambn hyXymkw \ne-\n¡p-¶p. 43-þ Ihnbpw C{µ\pw Xa-an hn\n-a-b-w Hgn-hm-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. t]mj-I- amb Acp-hn-Ifpw (3, 6þ8) tkmahpw (2, 4, 6þ8), kqcys\/shfn-¨s¯ Is-¯Â (1, 4, 5, 8) F¶n-h-bn-emWv ChnsS tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. ]pcm-hr-¯-]-c-ambn BZy-s¯- B-cy-b-P-am-\-\mb a\p-hnepw CXv F¯n-t¨-cp-¶p (4, 8). 43-þm-a-t¯Xv IrjvW BwKn-c-ksâ C{µ-kq-à-{X-b-¯nse Ah-km-\s¯ kqà-am-Wv. 10-þ11 ]Zy-§Ä FÃm-änepw Hcp-t]m-se-¯-s¶. aäp Imcy-§-fn Ignª cp kqà-§-fp-ambn Imcy-ambn kam-\-X-sbm-¶p-an- Ã. CsXmcp bm{Xm-kq-à-am-Wv. C{µs\ bÚ-¯n-te¡pw (1-þ3) bÚ-`q-an-bn-en-cn-¡m\pw tkma-¯n ]¦p- sIm-Åm\pw (4-5) £Wn-¡p¶p. Ihn ]n¶oSv bÚw sN¿m¯ ZpjvS-a-\-kvI-cpw DZm-c-·m-cmb bÚw sN¿p- ¶-h-cpw X½n-epÅ sshcp[yw Nqn-¡m-«p-¶p (6-þ7). C{µ³ tkma-]m-\-¯n-\p-tijw sNbvX Nne hoc-IÀa- §fpsS kw£n-]vX-cq-]-amWv XpSÀ¶v Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv (8). C{µ³ tkma-b-Ú-¯n ho«n hcp-t¼mÄ Xsâ i{Xp-¡sf Iog-S-¡-W-sa¶v H³]Xmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. 45-þmw kqàw kzÀK-¯nepw `qan-bn bÚ-Ø-e¯pw shÅ-¯n-ep-apÅ Aán-bpsS aq¶p P·§tfm- Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-¶p (1). ASp-¯- ]-Zy-§Ä Aán-bpsS hnhn-[-cq-]-§sf hÀWn-¡p¶p (2-þ3). Aán-bpsS {]m]- ©n-I-h-i-§fpw (4þ6, 8) A§s\ Aán-]p-tcm-ln-X-\mbn {]Xn-jvTn-¡-s¸-«-t¸mgs¯ bÚm-án-bpsS tkh-\- §fpw (7) {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. AXp-sImv Aán¡p bÚw \S-¯p-¶- a\p-jyÀ¡p \ÃXp hcp-sa¶v Ffp-¸- ¯n hniz-kn-¡mw (9-þ12). ap³kq-à-¯nsâ Ihn-bptSXpX-s¶-bmWv 46-þmw kqàhpsa-¶-Xn-\m kam-\-X-I-tf-sd-bp-v. cq]-]c- sa-¶-t]mse `mh-]-c-hp-amWv kam-\-X-IÄ. Aán-bpsS P·-§Ä, hnhn-[-cq-]-§Ä, Ahbpw bÚm-ánbpw X½n-epÅ _Ô-w F¶n-h ap³kq-à-¯n-se-¶-t]mse CXnepw ImWmw. ]t£, an¡ `mK-§-fnepw ChnsS IqSp-X Ae-¦m-c-]-c-ambmWv. bÚm-án-bpsS {]Xn-jvTbv¡v {]m[m\yw sImSp-¡p-¶p-ap-v. auen-I-{]-XnjvT (4, 8þ10), A{]-Xy-£-amb Aán-bpsS ]p\x{]XnjvT (2-þ3), Ct¸m-gs¯ {]XnjvT (5-þ6) F¶n-h-bmWv apJy-hn-j- bw. A\p-{I-aWn 47-þmw kqàw cNn-¨Xv Bdmw ]Zy-¯nse ]cm-aÀi-a-\p-k-cn¨v k]vXKp BsW¶p ]d-bp-¶p- s-¦nepw AhnsS AXp-sImv _rl-kv]-Xn-sb-bm-Wp-t±-in-¡p-¶-sX¶pw 45, 46 kqà-§-sf-t¸mse CXpw hXvk{]n `meµ-\-tâ-Xp-X-s¶-bm-sW¶pw HmÄU³ _ÀKv JWvUn-X-ambn hmZn-¡p-¶-Xp-X-s¶-bmWv icn-sb¶p tXm¶p-¶p. GXm-bmepw Ignª cv Aán-kq-à§fnÂ\n¶p XnI¨pw hyXy-kvX-amWv Chn-S-s¯- hn-j-bw. C{µ-t\mSv k¼¯v Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-I-bmWv Cu kqà-¯nÂ. Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (6-þ8) _rl-kv]- Xn¡pw C{µ¶pw kvXpXn-IÄ \ÂIp-¶Xv B\p-Iq-ey-§Ä ]I-c-ambn \ÂIm-\m-sW¶p hyàam-¡p-¶p-v. 48-þ50 F¶o aq¶p kqà-§Ä C{µ sshIp-WvT³ cNn-¨Xpw C{µ- ssh-Ip-WvT\v kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xp-am- bmWv ImWp-¶-Xv. BZys¯ cpw BßkvXpXn-I-fmWv. C{µsâ ]e t\«-§fp-amWv kvXpXn-IÄ¡p hnj- bw. {]tXy-In¨v bp²-hn-P-b-§fpw Ah sImp-mb t\«-§-fpw. aäp `mj-bnÂ, Hcp tbm²m-hnsâ ho¼p-]-d- ¨n F¶p ]d-bmw. Cu kqà¯n am{Xw ]cm-ar-jvS-amb Nne hoc-Ir-Xy-§Ä hyà-a-Ã. DZm-l-cWw 8þmw ]Zyw. ]¯mw ]Zyw Hcp IS-¦Y t]mep-v. CXpw ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse C{µsâ Bß-kvXp-Xn-bm-Wv. CXpw C{µ-sâ -ssk-\n-I-hn-P-b-§fpw i{Xp- ¡sf AaÀ¯p-¶-Xn hnhn-[-aÀ¯ym-t]-£-IÀ¡v Ah³ \ÂInb klm-b-§fpw khn-tijw sImm-Sp- ¶p. Chn-sS- hn-h-cn-¨-Xn-e-[n-Ihpw Gsdtbm H«ptam Adn-b-s¸-Sm-¯-h-b-t{X. IpÕ³, ipjvW³, Ihn Di-\Êv (6) F¶-nh-cp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-h-bp-ap-v. ap³kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn, bÚ-§Ä C{µs\ iàn-s¸- -Sp-¯p-Ibpw Ah-sâ- k-lmbw t\Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p-sh-¶-Xn Du¶p-¶p. H¶mw ]Zyw CXv hyà-ambn Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. 4þ7 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ\pw bP-am-\\pw X½n-epÅ _Ôw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. 11-þmw ]Zyw C{µsâ BßkvXpXn D]-kw-l-cn-¡p-¶p. Kmb-I³ Cu C{µ-IÀa-§sf¸än ]mSp-sa¶p kzbw ho¼n-f-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p- ¶p. Cu C{µ-kq-{X-]-c-¼-c-bnse Ignª cp kq{X-§sf At]-£n¨v IqSp-X amaqÂco-Xn-bn-ep-Å-Xm-Wn-Xv (50). ChnsS tkma-b-Ú-¯nsâ kµÀ`-¯n C{µ³ kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. bP-am-\\pw tZh\pambpÅ ]c- kv]-c-I-S-a-IÄ {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Aánbpw tZh-·mcpw X½n-epÅ kw`m-b-W-amWv 51-þmw kqàw. Aán an{X-s\bpw hcp-W-s\bpw (2) hcpW-s\ am{Xambpw (4, 6) kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Aán Ct¸mgpw shÅ-¯n-emWv {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv AYhm DbÀ¶p-h-cp-¶-Xv. Ah-s\m-fn-ªn-cn-¡p¶ Øew tZh-·m-À A-Sp¯ Ime¯p am{Xta Is-¯n-bp-Åq. GXp tZh-\mWv Ahs\ Is-¯n-b-sX¶XmWv BZys¯ tNmZyw (1-þ3). At¸mÄ Aán Xsâ bÚ-]-c-amb ]¦nÂ\n¶v amdn-\n-¶-Xn X\n-¡pÅ `bw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p (4, 6)-. A©mw ]Zy-¯n a\p-jy\pw BZys¯ bP- am-\-\p-amb a\p Xsâ bÚw Aán-bpsS lhnÀhm-l-I-Xz-t¯msSbmWv ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡n-b-sX¶v hmZn-¡p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ Hcp]t£ DZm-c-X- hn-Sm-sX-Xs¶ X§Ä ¡pÅ AÀl-X-sb-¸än hmZn¡p-¶n-sÃ-¶Xv {it²-b-am-Wv. Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§fn (7-þ9), tZh-·mÀ Aán-bpsS {]b-Xv\-¯n\p ]I-c-ambn {]Xn-^-e-§Ä \nÀtZ- in-¡p-Ibpw Ah³ AXv kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. tZh-·mtcmSpÅ Aán-hmIyamWv 52-þmw kqàw. Cu kqàw bpàn-k-l-ambn ap³kq-às¯ ]n´p-S-cp- ¶p. BZyw Hgn-ªp-am-dn-bn-cp¶ tlmXrXzw Aán Gsä-Sp-¡m³ k½-Xn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ BNm-cm-\p-kmcw tZh- ·m-tcmSp X\n¡v Cu ]pXn-b- IÀ¯-hy-§-f-\p-jvTn¡m\pÅ amÀK-ZÀi\w Xc-W-sa¶v A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. (1-þ2). aq¶mw ]Zyw Aán-hm-Iy-a-sÃ-¶mWv Pman-k¬-þsâ A`n-{]m-bw. bÚ-¯n kl-I-cn-¡p-Itbm ]pXp-Xmbn {]Xn-jvTn-¡-s¸« Aánsb \nco-£n-¡p-Itbm sNbvX Hcm-fp-tS-Xm-hmw. ba-\p-ambn Aán-¡pÅ _Ô-¯n D¡WvT {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-I-bmWv ]qÀhmÀ[-¯nÂ. bÚm-ánbpw ivaim-\m-ánbpw X½n-epÅ kwi-b-amhmw D¡-WvTbv¡p Imc-Ww. cm-a-t¯Xv acn-¨-hs\ basâ ASp-t¯¡m-WtÃm sImp-]m-hpI. Znh-tk-\-bpÅ ]p\ÀP-\\w Aán-tlm-{Xm-án-bp-tSXpw amkw tXmdp-ap-ÅXv {im²m-án-bp-tS-Xp-am-sW¶v D¯-cmÀ[w hmbn-¡p- t¼mÄ kwibw Xocpw. 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn tZh-hm-Iy-ap-²cn¨v Aán Xsâ IÀ¯-hy-§Ä amXr-Im-]-c-ambn \nd- th-äp-sa¶p {]XnÚ sN¿p-¶p. Bdmw ]Zyw tZh-·m-cpsS Aán-{]-XnjvT kw{K-ln-¡p-¶p. 53-þmw kqàw ap³kqà-¯nse kml-N-cy-¯nÂ\n¶p XpS-§n, bÚ-¯nsâ \nKq-V-[ym-\-¯n-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä hos-Sp¡-s¸« Aánsb tlmXm-hmbn {]Xn-jvTn-¡p-Ibpw {]km-Zn-¸n- ¡p-Ibpw sNbvX a\p-jy-cmb bP-am-\-·mÀ X§-fpsS bÚ-¯nsâ hnP-b-I-c-amb ]cn-k-am-]vXn-bn ]d-bp- ¶-Xm-Wv (3). 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn Aán tZh-·mscbpw a\p-jyscbpw £Wn-¨p-sImv AhÀ kt´m-jn-¡-W- sa¶p {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-¶p. \mem-as¯ ]Zyw tZh-·mcpw Akp-c-·mcpw X½n-epÅ i{Xp-X-bpsS ]cm-aÀiw DÄs¡m- Åp-¶p. ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (6þ8) a\p-jy-]p-tcm-ln-X-·m-cpsS hm¡m-Wv. 6 Aán-tbmSpw kJm-¡-tfmSpw bÚ-{]-hÀ¯\w hln-¡-W-sa¶ DZvt_m-[-\-am-Wv. Ggn bÚ-s¯ ]Xn-hp-t]mse -tX-cp-ambn cq]Ww sN¿p-¶p. F«v bP-am-\-·msc {]Xo-Im-ß-Imb \Zo-X-c-W-¯n-eqsS sa¨-s¸« Ah-Ø-bn-tes¡¯n-¡p-¶p. Ah- km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä \nKq-Vm-ß-IX hÀ[n-¸n-¡p-¶-h-b-t{X. Ah XzjvSm-hnsâ ]cm-aÀi-t¯msS XpS- §p-¶p. Ah³ tZh-·m-cpsS ]m\-]m-{X-§Ä cq]-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. {_Ò-W-kv]-Xn-¡p-]-tbm-Kn-¡m³ agp-hn\p aqÀ¨ Iq«p-¶p. ]hn-{X-a-{´-§-fpsS {]`p-hm-WtÃm {_Ò-Wkv]-Xn. ]¯mw ]Zy-¯n Ihn-I-tfmSpw ]hn-{X-a-{´-§- fp-m-¡m-\m-h-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p. Hfn-¸m-X-I-fp-m-¡m-\mWv {]Xo-Im-ß-I-amb \nÀtZ-iw. 11-þ A¯-c-samcp ]mX- bpsS DZm-l-cWw \ÂIp-¶p. 54-þm-as¯ Cu eLp-kqàw XpS-§p-¶Xv C{µsâ IoÀ¯n kzÀK-¯nÂ\n¶pw `qan-bnÂ\n-¶p-apÅ {`m´- amb hnfn-bm t{]cn-¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xm-sW¶p {]Jy-]n-¨p-sIm-m-Wv (1). Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-Xv, Ihn-bpsS kz´w kvXpXn- Km-\-¯nsâ BI-¯p-I-sIm-pw. C{µsâ al-¯mb IÀa-§Ä (1, 3), Ahsâ amb-IÄ (2), C{µsâ \mep \ma-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]cm-aÀiw (4), Ihn-bpsS ]hn-{X-a{´-§-fmWv C{µsâ- k¯ F¶ Iev]\ F¶nh CS- bn-epÅ ]Zy-§-fn hnh-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqàw 55. {]tlm-fn-Im-{]mbhpw \nKq-Vm-ß-I-hp-amb Hcp kqàw. ap³kq-à-hp-ambn ASp¯ _Ô-ap- v. Cu kqàw A\p-{I-aWn C{µ\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xm-sW-¶p ]d-bp-¶ps¦nepw CXp hmkvX-h-¯n hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-X-t{X. C{µ-\m-Wn-Xn {][m-\-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-sX-¶-Xv (1-þ3, 7, 8), GXm-bm-epw, XÅn-¡-f-bm-hp-¶-X-Ã. 4þ6 ]Zy-§Ä thdn-«p-\n¡p-¶p. ]t£, hntiz-tZ-h-kq-à-§-fpsS Nne {]tXy-I-X-IÄ CXn-¶p-v. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[-¯n Zymhm-]r-Yn-hn-IÄ t]Sn¨v C{µs\ hnfn-¡p-¶p. D¯-cmÀ[-¯n-em-Is« aäv C{µ-IÀa-§-fmWv {]Xn-]m-Zyw. C{µsâ ad-bv¡-s¸« t]cpw ChnsS ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp- ¶p. C{µsâ ktlm-Z-c-]p-{X-sc-¸än ChnsS ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p-s-¦nepw Ah-sc-¸än \ap¡v aäp t{kmX-Êp-I- fnÂ\n¶v Hc-dnhpw e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã. C{µ\p ktlm-Z-c-\n-sÃ-¶mWv s]mXp-hn-epÅ Adn-hv. t]cn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ hnjbw cmw ]Zy-¯nepw IS-¶p-h-cp-¶p. ]t£, A©p {]nb-s¸-«-hÀ H¶n-¡p¶ {]kvXm-h\ Hs«mcp shfn¨w \ÂIp-¶p. ASp¯ kqà-¯n Cu {]tabw BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶Xv {it²-b-am-Wv. aq¶mw ]Zyw C{µ³ cp temImÀ[-§Ä \nd-bv¡p-¶p-sh¶p ]d-bp-¶p. AXn cmw ]Zy-¯nse kwJy-Ifpw shfn-¨hpw hcp-¶p-ap- v. FÃm-änepw hyàX htc--Xp-v. ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn Cu kqN-\-I-fn-te¡v tPymXnx-im-kv{X-]-c- amb hni-Zo-I-cWw `mKn-I-am-sb-¦nepw e`n-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zyw Dj-Énsâ hÀW-\-am-Wv. A©mw ]Zy-¯n Cu hyàX ImWp-¶n-Ã. AXv \£-{Xm-e-¦r-X-amb \`-Ên N{µ³, \c-¨-h³ hngp-§p-¶-Xp-h-sc, {]Im-in-¡- ¶-XmWv ]d-bmsX ]d-bp-¶-Xv. {]`m-X-¯nse \c ]nSn¨ kmÔytim-`tbm Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸« bÚm-án-bpsS ]pItbm Bhm-an-Xv. Bdmw ]Zyw ""ISpw-Np-h-¸pÅ ]cp-´m''b kqcy-s\-¸än. AXv Aántbm C{µt\m IqSn Bhmw. 7þ8 ]Zy-§Ä \nÊw-i-b-ambpw C{µ-s\-¡p-dn-¨p-X-s¶. kqàw 56. ]c-¼-cm-K-X-ambn _rl-Zp-IvYsâ Cu kqàw At±-l-¯nsâ aI³ hmPn-bpsS ivaim-\-kq- à-am-bmWv hymJym-\n-¡m-dv (2-þ3). ASp¯ Ime-¯mbn CXv Hcp IpXn-c-bv¡p-th-n-tbm Aiz-ta-[-¯nse bÚm-iz-¯n-\p-th-ntbm DÅ ivaim-\-kq-à-ambpw HmÄU³_ÀKn-s\-t¸m-ep-Å-hÀ ImWp-¶p. Ch-bn-sem¶pw henb Imcy-an-sÃ-¶mWv Pman-k¬ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. ac-Wm-\-´-c-Po-hn-X-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ Nn´-I-fm-bn AhÀ CXns\ hne-bn-cp-¯p-¶p.- BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä arX-t\mSp Xsâ icocw Zqsc-bp-sÅmcp Øe¯v, tZh-·m- cp-ambn _Ô-apÅ kcy-tâXpt]m-epÅ kzÀKobshfn-¨-§-fn ebn-¸n-¡m³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu eb\w Hcp Xc-¯n-epÅ P\-\-am-sW¶p Icp-X-s¸-Sp-¶p (1). aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Cu Zqc-bm{X hnh-cn-¡p¶p (3). 4þ6 ]Zy-§-fn hr¯-t¯m-sSm¸w hnj-bhpw kzev]w amdp-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-¯n Cu kzÀKo-b-]p-\-c-h-Xm-c- ¯nsâ kt´mj^ew hyà-am-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-]Zyw _rl-Zp-IvYsâ kaÀ¸-W-a-t{X. Cu kqàw D]-cn-X-e-¯nÂ, Nne hnj-a-§-fnÂs¸« a\p-jy-sâtbm a\p-jy-cp-sStbm ""a\Ên''sâ Xn-cn-¨p- h-c-hn-Ñn-¨p-sIm-pÅ efn-X-amb DÖo-h-\-a-{´-am-Wv. bÚ-¯n A_²w ]än-bm AsXm-gn-hm-¡m\pw Aáns- sb-t\-Sm-\p-apÅ cp ]Zy-§Ä Bap-J-ambn \ÂIp-¶p. a\-Ênsâ Xncn-¨p-h-c-hn-\pÅ hnfn-bmb Cu kqàw ASp-¯-Xp-ambn _Ô-ap-Å-Xm-Wv. a\-Ên\v ""ssNX\yw'' F¶ AÀYw hsc ChnsS Dt±-in-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-v. ]c-¼-cm-K-X-ambn 57 apX 60 hsc-bpÅ aq¶p kqà-§Ä Hcn-Xn-lm-k-¯nsâ Imhy-{]-Xn-\n-[m-\-ambn Icp-X-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]mc-¼-cy-hn-h-c-Wm-ß-I-I-Y-bmWv CXn-lm-kw. Ak-amXn F¶ cmPmhv Xsâ \mev Krl-]p-tcm- ln-X-·msc ]ncn-¨p-hn-«p-h-t{X. Cu aq¶p kqà-§Ä cNn¨ \mep Ku]m-b-\-·m-sc. ]Icw Iptd Akp-c-]p-tcm- ln-X-·m-sc -hm-S-Ibv¡p sImph¶p. AhÀ Ku]m-b-\-·m-cn kp_-Ôpsh sIm¶p. ktlm-Z-c-·m-cmb aäp aq¶p-t]À Cu kqà-¯n-eqsS Ahsâ a-\-Êns\ Xncn¨p-h-cm³ hnfn-¡p-¶p. cmPm-hnsâ Krl-]p-tcm-ln-X³, Akp-c-·m-cpsS ZpjvS-kz-`mhw F¶nh Cu IY-bp-sS- Im-e-K-W-\m-kvJm-enXyw shfns¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. hmkvX-h- ¯n kqà-§Ä aäp e£y-§Äsh¨p cNn-¡-s¸-«-h-bm-Ip-¶p. 10. 57-þsâ BhÀ¯-\-amb 58-þmw kqàw acn-¨-hsâ AsÃ-¦n acn-¡-dm-b-hsâ ""a\Ên''s\ Xcn-¨p-h-cp- ¯m-\pÅ a{´-am-Wv. ]t£, ap³kq-à-¯nÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn ChnsS hnc-khpw GI-Xm-\-hp-amb BhÀ¯\w ImWmw. ]t£, CsXmcp a{´-am-sW¶p kam-[m-\n-¡mw. CXnsâ -L-S\ efn-X-am-Wv. Hmtcm ]Zyhpw a\Êv t]mb-sX¶p Icp-Xm-hp¶ Zqsc-bpÅ Øe-¯p-\n¶v AXns\ Xncn-¨-h-cm³ hnfn-¡p-¶p. BZy-]Zyw, Hcp- ]-t£, Gähpw \nÀWm-b-I-am-Wv. Imc-Ww, ba-\mWv arX-cpsS `c-W-IÀ¯m-hv. a\Êv AhnsS t]mbn-«p-s- ¦n Chn-sS -]-cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp¶ hyàn acn-¨n-«p-m-h-Ww. Bdmw ]Zy-¯nepw ba-km-{amPyw kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp- ¶p-v. a\Êv t]mtb-¡m-hp¶ aäp Øe-§Ä kzÀK-¯n-sâtbm `qan-bp-sStbm khn-ti-j-X-IÄ DÄs¡m-Åp- ¶-h-bm-Wv. Ah `mKn-I-ambn ivaim-\-kq-à-s¯bpw (10. 16. 3) Nne D]-\n-j-Zv`m-K-§-sfbpw HmÀan-¸n-¡p-¶p. - 59-þmw kqà-¯nsâ {]ta-b-§Ä aäp Ku]m-b-\-kq-à-§-fpsS ia-\u-j-[-]-chpw DÖo-h-I-hp-amb kzc- ¯n-ep-Å-hbm-sW-¦nepw kqà-L-S-\tbm ]Zy-§-fpsS {]tXy-I-{]-tbm-Ktam XnI¨pw hyà-a-Ã. sKÂUv\-dpsS A`n-{]m-b-¯n 1þ3 ]Zy-§fpw 8þ10 ]Zy-§fpw kp_-Ôp-hn\v ZoÀLm-bpÊpw Btcm-Kyhpw t\cp-¶-hbpw 4þ7 ]Zy-§Ä Ch aäp Pohn-IÄ¡pw t\cp-¶-h-bp-am-Wv. Pman-k¬ CXn-t\mSp tbmPn-¡p-¶n-Ã. ]Zy-§-fp-sS- L-S\ Cu ho£-W-¯n-s¶-Xn-cm-sW-¶mWv Ah-cpsS ]£w. F«mw ]Zy-¯n am{Xta kp_-Ôp-hnsâ t]cv ]cm- aÀin-¡p-¶p-Åq. H¶n-en-Ã. am{X-aÃ, BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä \ncr-Xnsb kwt_m-[\ sN¿p¶ ]Ã-hn-bpÄs¡m- Åp-¶-Xn-\m Hcp hn`mKambn Icp-X-Ww. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nse Biwk kp_-Ôp-sh-¡p-dn-¨m-tWm, Nyhm-\-]p- cm-hr-¯ s¯¡pdn-¨mtWm F¶p-d-¸n-Ã. \memw ]Zyw ac-W-sam-gn-hm-¡-W-sa¶pw hmÀ[Iyw \ne\nÀ¯-W-sa- ¶p-apÅ {]mÀY-\-b-t{X. bÚ-¯nepw bp²-¯nepw hnP-bn-¡-W-sa-¶-XmWv 2þ3 ]Zy-§-fpsS Xmev]-cyw. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä Akp-\o-Xnsb kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶-h-bm-Wv. ]c-temIPo-hn-X-¯n-te¡p \bn-¡p-¶-h-\mWv Akp-\o-Xn. Ggmw ]Zyw aäp tZh-·m-sc DÖo-h-\-k-lm-b-¯n\p hnfn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ 8þ10 ]Zy-§Ä kzÀK-s¯bpw `qan-sbbpw ia-\u-j-[n-IÄ¡pw hym[n-\n-hm-c-W-¯n\pw hnfn-¡p-¶Xpw C{µ-t\mSv Dio-\-cm-Wn- bpsS hnhm-l-hn hen-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¸än ]d-bp-¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. kqàw 60. hnL-S\w/A]-{K-Y\w AÀln-¡p¶ asämcp kqàw. BZys¯ Bdp ]Zy-§Ä Ak-amXn F¶ cmPm-hnsâ {]i-kvXn-bm-Wv. XoÀ¨-bmbpw BZys¯ \mepw GI-hm-Iy-am-Ip-¶p. aäp Ku]m-b-\-kq-à-§- fn ImWp¶ ia-\tam DÖo-h-\tam H¶pw Chn-sS-bn-Ã. Ak-am-Xn-cm-Pm-hn\v kp_-Ôp-thmSp kl-Xm-]-ap- m-hp-¶-Xmbn ]d-bp¶ hnh-c-Wm-ß-I-amb Hcn-Xn-lm-khpw ChnsS ImWp-¶n-Ã. cmw `mKw (7-þ12) kp_-Ôp- hn-sâ at\m-hym-[n-i-a-\-¯n\pÅXpw Ahsâ a\Êp hos-Sp-¡m-\p-Å-Xp-amb a{´-§-fm-Wv. BZy-t¯Xv Ahs\ Pohn-X-¯n-te¯p hopw hnfn-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶v kp_-Ôp-hnsâ a\Êv Ah-\n kpc-£n-X-am-¡p-¶- Xn\pthn \nÀan-Xhpw kzm`m-hn-I-hp-amb temI-§-sf hnh-cn-¡p-¶p (8-þ9). ]¯n Ahsâ a\-Ênsâ Xncn¨p- h-chv Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. ]Xn-s\m¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ahsâ AkpJs¯ ]pd-¯m-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-ambn ]{´mw ]Zy-¯n ia-\u-j-[n-lkvXw ]pI-gv¯-s¸-Sp-¶p. A§s\ Cu Ku]m-b-\-k-am-lm-c-¯nsâ A´n-a-JWvUw BZys¯ cp kqà-§-fn-te¡pw (57-þ58) tcmKn-bmb a\p-jysâ a\-Ênsâ Xncn-¨p-h-c-hn-te¡pw tI{µo-I-cn- ¡p-¶p. {]mXx-k-h-\-amWv 61-þmw kqà-¯nsâ bÚ-k-µÀ`-sa-¶mWv {]-_-e-amb Hc-`n-{]m-bw (Bw-K-e-hn-hÀ¯- ¯nse {]kvXp-X-kq-à-¯n-sâ- B-apJw t\m¡p-I). Dj-Êv, Aán, Aizn-IÄ, C{µ³ F¶n-hÀ Cu kqà- ¯n hcp-¶p-v. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä XqÀh-bm-W-s\-¸-än-bm-Wv. Hcp hmMva-Õ-c-¯n Ah³ Gähpw ^e-{]-Z-amb Hcp ]hn-{X-a{´w krjvSn-¡p-¶p. AXv Aizn-Isf bÚ-¯n-te¡p sImp-h-cp-¶p. AXv Ahsc D-Zm-c-amb Zm\-§Ä¡p t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. AhÀ c£n-Xm-¡-sfbpw ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-scbpw klm-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p- ¶p. Ahsâ ^e-{]-Z-amb hm¡v Nyhm-\-tâ-Xp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-t¼mÄ F{Xtbm DbÀ¶p-\n¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n Ahsâ {]kvXm-h\ AtX-]Sn \ÂIp-¶p-v. ASp¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä kzÀKw Xsâ -a-I- fmb Dj-Êns\ _em-ÕwKw sN¿p¶ sR«n-¡p¶ IY {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ (kzÀKw) Ah-km\w c£-s¸- Sp-¶p (8). ]t£, c£-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn-\p-ap³]v Aev]w ip¢w \ne¯p sXdn-¡p-¶p (7); bÚ-`q-an-bnepw (6). Cu ip-¢w-sIm-mWv bÚmán cq]s¸«-Xv (7, 9). A§s\ kzÀK-¯n-sâ- a-I-fp-am-bpÅ _emÂkwKw arKo-b-sa- ¦nepw tI{µ-amb bÚh-kvXp-hnsâ krjvSn-bn Iem-in-¡p¶p. ]e-t¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]m-se, temI-sam-«p-¡pw, {]m]-©n-I-amb _em-ÕwKsa¶ ssewKn-I-hn--e¡v {]mY-an-I-ambn krjvSn-]-c-a-t{X. XqÀh-bm-Wsâ hmMva-b- \nÀan-Xnbpw {]`m-X-b-Ú-sa¶ {]ta-bhpw ChnsS Cu IY ]d-bm³ t{]cn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡-Ww. H³]Xmw ]Zyhpw Aán-cq-]-¯n-epÅ P·hpw ASp¯ ]pcm-hr-¯-JWvU¯nte-¡pÅ kw{IaWamIp-¶p. AwKn-c-Êp-Ifpw \h- Kz-·mcpw he-Kp-l-bnÂ\n¶v Dj-Êns\ hnap-à-am-¡p-¶-XmWv 9þ13 ]Zy-§-fnÂ. 12-þ13 ]Zy-§-fnepw AwKn-c-Êp-I- fpsS IY XpS-cp-¶p. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn (14-þ15) hnjbw s]mSp-¶-\th amdp-¶p. bÚm-án-bn-te¡pw Aizn-IÄ hcp¶ bÚ-¯n-te¡pw aS-§p-¶p. Ihn I£o-hm³ Xsâ c£n-Xm-hn\v BZyw Hcp {]ikvXn kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. ]t£, ]n¶oSv Ahsâ s]m§-¨-§fpw \nµ-\-§fpw am\y-amb ]cn-lm-k-¯n\p hnt[-b-am-¡p- ¶p. 16-þmw ]Zyw Ihn Xsâ c£n-Xm-hmb cmPm-hn-\p \ÂIp¶ am\yhpw EPp-hp-amb {]iw-k-bm-Wv. ASp-¯- ]Zyw Gsd-¡psd ZzbmÀY-{]-Xo-Xo-bp-f-hm-¡p-¶p. 20-þ24 ]Zy-§Ä {]`m-X-b-Ú-¯nsâ ]cn-k-am]vXn Nn{Xo-I-cn- ¡p-¶p. Ah-km\-]Zyw (27) {]mÀY-\-I-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. CS-bv¡pÅ cp ]Zy-§Ä (25-þ26) ""\Ã- hw-im-h-en- ''sb-¡p-dn-¨m-Wv. ChnsS hnj-b-sa-s´¶p hyà-am-¡-s¸-«-«n-Ã. ap³kq-à-¯nsâ Ihn-bp-sS-Xs¶ asämcp kqà-amb 62-þepw AXnse Nne hnj-b-§ÄX-s¶-bmWv hcp- ¶-sX-¦n-epw, IqSp-X EPp-hmWv {]Xn-]m-Z-\w. BZys¯ Ggp- ]-Zy-§-Ä AwKn-c-Êp-I-sf-¸-än. 1þ4 ]Zy-§-fn Ah-cp-sS-ta-epÅ A\p-{K-l-§Ä hÀWn-¡p-¶p. ChnsS (5-þ6) Aán apX¡pÅ Ah-cpsS hwi-]-c-¼c hyà- ambn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. cnepw Ggnepw he-]p-cm-hr¯]cm-aÀiw. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Ct{µm-NnX-am-b -Aw-Kn-c- ÊpI-fpsS {]m]-©n-I-IÀa-§-fm-Wv. \memw ]Zy-¯n ""\m`n''bWv {]ta-bw. bÚm-ántbm bÚ-`q-antbm BWv AsX-¶mWv Pman-k¬-þsâ \nco-£-Ww. AwKn-c-Êp-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Ggmw ]Zy-¯n-\p-tijw 8þ11 ]Zy- §Ä a\p kmhÀWn-bpsS Zm\-kvXp-Xn-bm-Ip-¶p. 63-þmw kqà-¯nsâ AS-bm-f-]Zw ""kzkvXn'' (\-Ã-Xv) F¶m-Wv. 3þ14 ]Zy-§-fn CXp ImWmw. Ihn \ÃXp {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶Xv apJy-ambpw BZn-Xy-·m-cnÂ\n¶pw Ah-cpsS A½ AZn-Xn-bnÂ\n-¶p-am-Wv.- kq-à-¯nsâ BZy- ]-Ip-Xn-bn apJy-ambn Ah-À¡mWv B[n-]-Xyw. 9þmw ]Zyw apX aäp tZh-·mcpw hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. At¸mgpw BZn-Xy-·mÀ¡mWv {]m[m-\yw. kzkvXn-¡mWv kaÀ¸n-¡-¸-«-sX-¦nepw `mhm-ß-I-Nn-´-I-fn-emWv Du¶Â. F¦nepw Nne A]-I-S-km-[y-X-I-fn-Ãm-bvI-bn-à (11-þ12). X\n¡p s]s«¶v HmÀ¡m-hp¶ {][m-\hpw A{]-[m-\-hp-amb FÃm tZho-tZ-h-·m-scbpw DÄs¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m- pÅ Kb-sâ- hn-tiz-tZhkqà-am-Wn-Xv (64). Nne tNmZy-§-tfmsS kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p (1). GXp tZh-s\- kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶XmWp \¶m-bn-cn-¡pI? Ah-sc-Ãm-hcpw Xsâ e£y-¯n s]Sm³ km[y-X-bp-Å-h-cm- Wv (2). km[y-X-bpÅ ]e-cp-sSbpw \osmcp ]«nI Ihn \nc-¯p-¶p (3-þ12). Nne-t¸mÄ shdpw t]cp-am-{Xhpw Nne-t¸mÄ Nne khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw \ÂIp-¶p. 13-þ14 ]Zy-§-fnÂam{Xw ck-I-c-amb NneXp ImWmw. acp-¯p- ¡Ä¡p Xm\p-ambn ""kmPmXy''aps¶v Ah-cw-Ko-I-cn-¡p-sa¶p Ihn {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p. Ccp-Iq-«cpw Ihn-Ifpw Kmb-I-cpam-W-tÃm. Zymhm-]r-Yn-hn-I-fmWv Cu ""_ÔpXz'' ¯n\p amXr-I-sb¶v 14þmw ]Zy-¯n ]d-bp-¶p. kzÀKw tZh-·m-cpsS ]£-¯nepw `qan a\p-jy-cpsS ]£-¯nepw \n¡p-¶p. ]t£, AhÀ ]¦m-fn-I-fmbn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. 16-þmw ]Zy-¯nepw Cu _Ôw hcp-¶p. ""Ihn-kvXp-ho-c-hm³'' (i-à-ambn KÀPn-¡p¶ Ihn) F¶mWv AhnsS hnti-j-Ww. kqàw 65 tZh-·m-cpsS KW-\w-sImp XpS-§p-¶p. 2þ8 ]Zy-§-fn hnti-jn¨pw [mcmfw kpµ-c-amb Imhy-`w-Kn-Ifpw Xncn-hp-Ifpw hmIy-hn-\ym-k-ssh-Nn-{Xy-§-fp-sams¡ A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p. H³]Xmw ]Zyw-ap-X ]pXp-Xmbn XpS-§p¶ t]mse-bmWv ImWp-¶-Xv. AhnsS asämcp tZh-KW-\-¸-«nI \nc-¯p-¶p. ]¯n AXv XpS-cp-¶p. 11-þ kw£n-]vX-amb Hcp {]]-t©m-ev]-¯n-kn-²m-´hpw XpSÀ¶v 12-þ Aizn-I-fpsS IÀa-§-fpsS tcJm-Nn-{Xhpw . 13-þ14 ]Zy-§-fn hntiz-tZ-h-K-W-¯n A{]-[m-\-tZ-h-X-I-Ä tNcp-¶p. hkn-jvTsâ kw{K-l-]- Zy-t¯msS kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. kqàw 66. hntiz-tZ-h-¸-«nI \nc-¯p-¶Xv ap³kq-à-¯n-se-t¸m-se-¯-s¶. s]mXp-hn tZh-·mÀ, BZn- Xy-·mcpw hkp-¡fpw cp{Z-·m-cp-a-S-§p¶ tZh-kw-L-§Ä, {][m-\cpw A{]-[m-\-cp-amb hyàn-tZ-h-·mÀ F¶n- §-s\-bmWv ChnsS hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. amaqÂcq-]-¯n-epÅ hnh-c-W-§fpw klm-b-¯n\pw A\p-{K-l-¯n-\p- apÅ ]Xnhp{]mÀY-\-Ifpw. Cu kqà-s¯-¸än aäp hnti-jn-s¨m¶pw FSp-¯p-]-d-bm-\n-Ã. he-]p-cm-hr-¯-¯n _rl-kv]-Xn-bpsS ]¦p kphy-à-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶ kqà-am-Wv 67. he-I-Y- bnse \mb-I-\mb C{µ\pw _rl-kv]-Xnbpw H¶p-X-s¶-sb¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw {it²-b-am-Wv. _rl-kv]- Xnbpw C{µ\pw H¶n¨v Cu IÀaw sN¿p-¶p-sh¶v ChnsS hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Nnte-S¯v C{µ³ BZyhpw ]n¶oSv _rl-kv]-Xn-bp-amWv hcp-¶-sX-¦n aän-S-§-fn _rl-kv]n-Xn-bpw C{µ\p-sa¶p {Iaw amdp-¶p. icnb DÄ¡m- gv¨-bpsS Is-¯-temSpw \nÀan-Xn-tbm-Spw-IqSn kqàw XpS-§p-¶p (1). cmw ]Zyw AwKn-c-Êp-Isf Ah-X-cn- ¸n-¡p-¶p. Ahcpw kXy-hm¡p Ip-]n-Sn-¡p-¶pv (2). XpSÀ¶pÅ A©p ]Zy-§Ä (3-þ8) \mS-Io-b-amb Kpl Xpd-¡epw ]ip-¡-sf- tam-Nn-¸n-¡epw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu hnh-c-W-¯n Bt£-]-lm-ky-{]-tbm-K-§-f-S¡w {i²n- t¡ ]e-Xp-ap-v. tZhs\ kvXpXn-¡p-¶-hbpw A\p-{K-l-§Ä¡-`yÀYn-¡p-¶-h-bp-amb \mev A´n-a-]-Zy-§- tfmsS kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. -ap³kq-à-¯nse he-]p-cm-hr¯w Hcp-hn[w EPp-hmbn BJym\w sN¿p¶ Cu AZv`p-X-I-c-amb kqàw 68 `mh-\m-ß-I-amb Ae-¦m-c-§-fmepw LS-\-I-fmepw at\m-l-c-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. D]-a-I-fpsS sshNn-{Xyhpw sshhn-[y-hp-amWv FSp-¯p-]-d-tb--Xv. _rl-kv]Xn AwKn-c-Êp-I-sfbpw ]ip-¡-sfbpw hopw tbmPn-¸n-¡p- ¶p-sh¶v CXn ]-d-bp¶p (2). ]ip¡Ä \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS aqÀ¯o-`m-h-§-fm-sW¶pw Bcy-P-\-XIsf tbmPn-¸n- ¡p¶ kmaqly_Ô-§-fm-sW¶pw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶p (3). Bdmw ]Zy-¯nse D]-abpw A]-{KY-\-aÀln-¡p-¶p. ]n¡m-e-kw-kvIr-X-Imhykm-ln-Xy-¯nse D]-a-I-fpsS apt¶m-Sn-bmbn {]k-cn¸pw kw£n-]vX-Xbpw {]Ir-Xn- bnÂ\n¶p ssIs¡m _nw_m-h-en-bp-sa-Ãm-apÅ Cu kqà-¯nse D]-a-Isf ]cn-K-Wn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. 69-þmw kqà¯n tKm{Xm-án-bpw Cu Aán-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«p-sIm-pÅ tKm{X-§-fpsS bÚ-]-c- amb ]¦pw hyà-ambn hnh-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]c-kv]cw sFIy-ZmÀVyw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p¶ At\Iw tKm{X-§fpsS tI{µm-án¡pw CXv DZm-l-c-W-a-t{X. aäp tKm{X-§Ä¡p-ta CXp-hgn B[n-]Xyw Øm]n-¡m\pw CXp-sImp km[n-¡p-¶p. Cu {]tXy-I-amb tKm{Xmán h{[yiz-s\-¶ cmPm-hn-tâ-Xm-Wv (1þ2, 4, 10þ12). h{[y-izsâ ]p{Xsâ/ A\-´-c-X-e-ap-d-bp-sS-bm-WnXv (5, 9, 12). ap³]v Pzen-¸n-¡-s¸« Aán-bnÂ\n-t¶m- A-án-I-fnÂ\nt¶m hyXy-kvX- hp-am-Wv (4-þ5). ap³]s¯ Aán-I-tf-¡mÄ hnP-b-io-e-ap-Å-XmWv ChnsS Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸« Aán F¶pw Ah- km-\-`m-K¯p ]d-bp-¶p. aäp tKm{Xm-án-Isf At]-£n-s¨¶p Xmev]cyw (10-þ11). aäp P\-§Ä¡p-ta h{[y- iz\pw kJy-I-£n-Ifpw t\Snb hnP-b-¯n-sâbpw kqNI-am-Ip¶p CXv. AhÀ Pzen-¸n-¡p-Ibpw t]mjn-¸n-¡p- Ibpw sNbvX Aán-bm-WtÃm CXv (5-þ6, 9þ12). kqIXw 70. X\q-\-]mXv CÃm-¯Xpw \cm-iw-k-t\m-Sp-Iq-Snb(2)Xpamb, ]Xn-s\m¶p ]Zy-§-fpÅ B{]o- kq-àw. \ne-hm-c-s¸« B{]o-kq-à-am-Xr-I-bnÂ\n¶p Nne hyXn-bm-\-§Ä aäp-X-c-¯n-ep-ap-v. tlmXm-hn\p ]Icw Ggmw ]Zy-¯n EXzn-¡m-Wp-Å-Xv. ""Di³'' BWv Chn-Ss¯ kqN-\m-]-Zw. kqàw 71 ]hn-{X-amb hm¡n-sâ- B-[n-]Xyw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. tkma-b-Ú-§-f-\p-jvTn-¡p¶ ]ptcm-ln-X- ·mÀ¡v AXv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. Cu B[n-]Xyw ]ptcm-ln-X-·msc kJyw Øm]n-¡p-¶-Xn-eqsS _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶p (2). Cu B[n-]-Xy-¯nsâ Afhv Hcp ]ptcm-ln-Xs\ asämcp ]ptcm-ln-X-\nÂ\n¶p thÀXn-cn-¡p-¶p (4-þ5, 7þ8). AtX kabw A\p-jvTm-\-¯n ]hn-{X-hm¡p {]tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xn Nne ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ¡pÅ A{]m-]vXntbm a\-Ên-Ãm-bvatbm Ah-sc- A-S-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS B[n-]Xyw D]-tbm-K-iq-\y-am-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (6-þ9). IpXn-c-¸-´-b-¯nsâ `mj-bp-]-tbm-Kn¨v Ihn ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ hm¡nsâ B[n-]-Xy-¯n-eqsS Pbn-¡p¶ ""aÕ-c''-s¯¸äntbm ""aÕ-c§''sf ¸äntbm ]d-bp-¶p. Cu aÕ-c-§Ä¡v GXp ]ptcm-ln-X-¶mWv Gähpw \¶mbn kqà-§Ä cNn-¡mt\m sNmÃmt\m Ign-bpIsb ¶pw AXp-sImv Bsc-bmWv bÚm-\p-jvTm-\- ¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡m³ hcn-t¡--sX¶pw \nÝ-bn-¡m³ Ign-bpw. A¯-c-¯n-epÅ aÕcw Dm-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p ]¯mw ]Zyw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Ihn kqà-c-N-bn-Xm-¡-fn Du¶p-¶p-sh-¶Xpw icn-bm-Wv. AXv ]hn-{X-a- {´-{]-`p-hmb _rl-kv]-Xnsb ]cm-aÀin-¨psIm-mWp XpS-§p-¶-Xv. ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cpsS Ah-km-\-¸-«n-I-bn {_ÒÀXzn-¡n-s\- am-{Xta t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-ªn-«p-ap-Åq. ]c-kv]-c-{i-²bv¡pw tZh-·m-cpsS B\p-Iq-ey-¯n-\pw- th-n-bpÅ bÚ-§ÄX-s¶bpw aÕ-c-th-Zn-bm-hmw. A§-s\-sb-¦n kqà-hm¡p am{X-a-Ã, bÚ-¯n-ep-]- tbm-Kn-¡p¶ GXp hm¡pw Cu kqà-¯nsâ hnj-b-amb hm¡n hcpw. Cu hnim-e-amb AÀY-¯n-emWv aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nse ""k]vX-tc`''{]tbm-Ksa¶p tXm¶p-¶p. k]vX-tlm-Xm-¡-fmhmw ChÀ. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯nse \mep- Xcw tlmXm-¡-fpsS ]cm-aÀihpw ChnsS HmÀ¡mw. kqàw 72 {]m]-©n-I-X-e-¯n ""Ak¯n''Â\n¶p ""k¯v ''Dmbn F¶pw Ah-km\w AaÀ¯y-X-e- ¯n tZh-·mcpw tZh-a-\p-jy-·mcpw Dmbn F¶pw ImWn-¡p-¶p. ap³kq-à-hp-ambn {]ta-b-LS-I-§fnepw CXn\p kam-\Xz-ap-v. Gähpw hyà-amb H¶v {_Ò-W-kv]-Xn-bmWv _rl-kv]Xn F¶-Xm-Wv (2). ]n¶oSp {]m]-©n-I-{]-Xy-£-`mhw hcp-t¼mÄ, bÚ-¯nsâ BhÀ¯n-¨pÅ ]cm-aÀiw ImWp-¶p. temIs¯ DbÀ¯n- s¡m-p-h¶ XXz-§fpsS aqÀ¯o-`m-h-amWv bÚ-sa-¶-XmWv Cu kqà-¯nsâ Hcp {]ta-b-X-ew. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n _rl-kv]Xn ""tZh-·m-cpsS P·-§''sf ""Dcp¡n''bXv {it²-b-am-Wv. _rl-kv]Xn tZh-·m-cpsS Dev]- ¯n-Isf {]I-Sn-¸n-¨p-sIm-pÅ ]hn-{X-a-{´-amÀK-§Ä sImp-h-¶p. ]t£, A¯cw a{´-¯n\v bÚm-\p- jvTm-\-k-a-b¯v {]tXy-I-b-Ú-Ø-e¯v tZh-·m-cpsS P·-s¯bpw ssIh-cp-¯m³ Ign-bpw. Cu coXn-bn hm¡p-IÄ¡v AYhm hm¡p-I-fpsS ]n¶n-epÅ Nn´-IÄ¡v hkvXp-¡-sfbpw bYmÀY-am-¡m³ Ign-bpw. CXmWv cmw ]Zy-¯n k¯v (\n-e-\n¡p-¶-Xv, hkvXp-¡Ä, temIhpw tZh-·mcpw a\p-jy-cpw) Ak-¯n (\n-e- \n¡m-¯-Xv, hkvXp-¡-f-Ãm-¯-Xv, Nn-´-IÄ AYhm hm¡p-IÄ)-\n¶p P\n-¨p-sh¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xv. aq¶mw ]Zy- ¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯n ""D¯m-\-]Zx'' (Im aeÀ¯n-b-h³) k¯ns\ DbÀ¯p-¶p-sh¶pw AXv Xncn¨v Zn¡p-Isf Dm-¡p-¶p-sh¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. ]t£, \memw ]Zy-¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[-¯n D¯m-\-]Z³ `qanbpw Zn¡p-I-fp-ap-m-¡n-sb¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Z£-\nÂ\n¶v AZn-Xnbpw AZn-Xn-bnÂ\n¶p Z£\pw Dm-sb¶v \memw ]Zy-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ[-¯n Ihn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. AZnXn tZhn am{X-a-Ã, Hcp XXzw IqSn-bmWv þ \ncp-]-{Z-h-Xz-¯n-sâ, A\-h-Zy-X-bpsS XXzw. AXp-t]mse, Z£\p bÚ-ssh-Z-Kv[y-¯nsâ aqÀ¯o-`m-h-amb tZh-\m-hm\pw Ign-bpw. AhÀ ]c-kv]cw P\n- ¸n-¨p-sh¶p ]d-bp-t¼mÄ AÀY-am-¡p-¶Xv, bÚw \S-¯p-¶-Xn\p cpw Bh-iy-am-sW-¶-t{X. CXp-t]m-se, tZh-·mÀ Aar-X-_-Ôp-¡-fm-sW¶p ]d-bp¶ A©mw ]Zy-¯n-sâ- \memw ]mZ-¯n bÚ-s¯-¸-änbpw ]cm- aÀi-ap-v. bÚ-]p-cm-hr-¯-]-cm-aÀi-§Ä C\nbpw hcp-¶p-v. Bdn ""Xo{hw'' (tkma-hn-ti-j-W-ambn {]tbm- Kn-¡m-dpÅ ]Zw), Ggnsâ BZy-]m-Z¯n ""bXn-IÄ'' (b-Ú-]p-tcm-ln-X-·mÀ þ Ah-cpsS acWw Poh-tem-I- §sf ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp¯p¶ ag-I-fn Iem-in-¡p-¶p). Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn AZn-Xn-bpsS ""Ggp a¡- fpsS P·w'' hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. AhÄ Ah-tcm-Sp-IqSn tZh-·m-cpsS ]qÀh-bp-K-¯n-te¡p t]mbn (9). ""acn¨ ap«''bnÂ\n-¶p-mb P·hpw AhnsS ]d-bp-¶p þ {]Xyp-ev]m-Z-\-¯-\p-th-n-bpw- ar-Xyp-hn-\p-th-n-bpw. kqàw 73 XpS-§p-¶Xpw HSp-§p-¶Xpw C{µsâ P\-\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. 1þ2 ]Zy-§-fn C{µ-sâ- A½bv¡v Ahsâ P·-k-a-b¯v Nne _p²n-ap-«p-I-fp-m-bn-cp-¶psh¶p ImWn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, Ah³ hnP-b-I-c-ambn ]nd-¶p-sh-¦nepw acp-¯p-¡Ä¡v Ahs\ iàn-s¸-Sp-t¯-n-h-¶p. kqà-¯n-sâ- Xp-S-¡-¯n-epÅ P\-\-hn-h- c-Ww, C{µsâ ]e kam-´-c-t{km-X-ÊpIfpw kqNn-¸n-¨n-«pÅ ]¯mw ]Zy-¯n-te-Xp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p- t¼mÄ XnI¨pw EPp-hm-Wv. s]mXp-hn-epÅ A`n-{]m-b-ambn tXm¶p-¶Xv ""Ah³ B¬Ip-Xn-c-bnÂ\n¶p h¶p- ''sh-¶m-Wv. ]t£ Ihn¡v hyXy-kvX-amb A`n-{]m-b-am-Wp-ÅXv. Ft¸m-gmWv Xm³ P\n-¨-sX¶v C{µt¶ AdnbqF¶-Xm-Wv, ]t£, Ah-km-\-hm-¡v. P\-\-¯n\p sXm«p-]n³]pÅ IY ]e Dulm-ß-I-hym-Jym-\-§Ä¡pw hI \ÂIp-¶-Xm-Wv. Pman-k¬-þsâ ho£-W-¯nÂ, 2þ5 ]Zy-§-Ä H¶n-s¨-Sp-¡p-t¼mÄ apJy-L-S-I-§Ä cmWv: H¶v, bÚ-km-l-N-cyw, {]mXx-k-h-\w; cv, ]pcm-hr-¯-]-cw. {]]-©-P-\-bn-Xmhpw hÕ-e-c-£n-Xm-hp-sa¶ \ne- bn-epÅ C{µsâ _nw_Iev]-\. cmw ]Zy-¯n-sâ- D-¯-cmÀ[-¯n ""al-¯mb ]mZ-ap-{Z-bmÂ'' Ft´m H¶v (an¡-hmdpw, temI-§Ä), ssewKn-I-am-bn, s]mXnbs¸-«n-cn-¡p¶psh¶pw Cu kwLÀj-¯n-sâ- ^-e-sa-t¶mWw Ccp-«nÂ\n¶p {`qW-§Ä h¶p-sh-¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zy-¯n C{µsâ Imep-IÄ ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-«-Xp- sImv cnse ""al-¯mb ]mZ-ap-{Z-IÄ'' temI-§sf s]mXn-ªXpw {`qW-§sf P\n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-amb C{µ-\m- hm-\mWp km[y-X. \memw ]Zyw Bbncw sN¶m-bv¡Ä hmbn-epÅ C{µsâ IuXp-I-I-c-amb _nw_I-ev]-\- tbmsS XpS-§p-¶p. ASp¯ ]Zy-¯n \Ã-hsâ ]Xv\n-bn C{µ³ Bbn-c-§sf Dd-¸n-¨p-\nÀ¯n-sb¶p ]d-bp- ¶Xpw ap³_nw-_-I-ev]-\-bneqsS [z\n-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ c£n-Xm-hnsâ `mhw H¶p-IqSn hyà-am-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zy-t¯msS C{µsâ Cu c£m-IÀ¯rXzw kam-]n-¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p¶p. CXn-\p-tijw \mw C{µsâ al- ¯mb hoc-IÀa-§-fn-te¡pXncn-bp-¶p. \ap-Nn-h-[-amWv apJy-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv (5-þ7). ]nXr-`m-h-apÅ C{µ³ s]s«¶p l´m-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶pthm F¶ kwibw tXm¶mw. Chn-sS-bmWv {]mXx-k-h-\-k-µÀ`w {]k- à-am-hp-¶-Xv. Xm³ \ap-Nnsb ]Item cm{Xntbm hc-tXm \\-ªtXm Bb Bbp-[w-sImp sImÃp-I-bn- söp {]XnÚ sNbvXn-«p-s¶p {]kn-²-am-Wv. Dj-Ê-Ôy-bv¡mWp h[w þ kqà-¯n ]dª ka- bw-X-s¶. ]n¡m-e-hn-h-c-W-§-fn- Bbp-[-ambn hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ ]Xbv¡p ]Icw ChnsS ""Ccp-«p-m-¡p¶ aqSÂaªpw Ccp«p''amWv Bbp-[-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-¡p-¶Xv (5). CXpw hc-tXm \\-ªtXm AÃ-tÃm. AXn-cm- hnse bm{X sN¿p¶ Aizn-IÄ Cu kqà-¯n ]e Ipdn ]cm-aÀin-¨n-«p-v. F«mw ]Zyw C{µsâ hoc-IÀa- §Ä hnti-j-W-§-fn-eq-sSbpw tZh-·m-cpsS A\p-tam-Z-\-§-fn-eq-sSbpw kw{K-ln-¡p-¶p. H³]Xmw ]Zy-¯n C{µ³ kqcy-N{Iw tamjvSn-¡p-¶Xv ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. C{µsâ c£n-XrXzw HmÀ½n-¸n-¡p-amdv Ah³ ]ip-¡- sfbpw kky-§-sfbpw iàn-s¸-Sp-¯nb Imcyw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ]¯n Ahsâ P\-\-¯nsâ cl-kym-ß- IXzw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-t¯-Xmb 11-þmw ]Zyw IhnIÄ X§-fpsS timNym-h-Ø-bn klm-bn-¡m³ C{µ-t\m-S-t]-£n-¡p-¶p. ap³kq-àw -t]mse AtX- Ihn cNn¨v C{µ\p ka-À¸n-¨ asämcp kqàamWv 74.. ap³kq-à-¯nse shÃp- hn-fn-I-sfm¶pw Chn-sS-bn-Ã. BZys-¯ -aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä tZh-·m-sc- kvXp-Xn-¡pIbpw Ah-tcmSv hnX-cWw sN¿m- \pÅ km[-\-§-fp-ambn bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm³ Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-I-sb¶ Ihn-bpsS Dt±iyw Adn- bn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (4-þ6)- ap-gp-h³ C{µ-\n-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. \men he-]p-cm-hr- ¯s¯bpw acp-¯p-¡-fp-sS -A½ ]riv\n-sbbpw ]ip-¡Ä¡pw ]p{X-·mÀ¡pw-th-n-bpÅ bP-am-\-·m-cpsS B{K-l-§-fp-sSbpw kqN-\-I-tfmsS C{µ-\n-te¡p IS-¡p-¶p. 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fn IqSp-X C{µ-kvXp-Xn-I-fm-Wv. C{µ³ X§-fpsS B{K-l-§Ä \nd-th-äp-sa¶ {]Xo£ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡mv kqàw kam-]n-¡p-¶p. kqàw 75 \Zn-I-fp-sS, hnti-jn¨v ChnsS apJy-\-Zn-bmbn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p¶ knÔp-hn-sâ, amlmßyw FSp- ¯p-]-d-bp-¶p. AXn-te-¡m-WtÃm asäÃmw Hgp-Ip-¶-Xv (4). kc-kz-Xo-kq-à-§-sf-t¸mse CXpw {]Ir-Xn-]-c-amb hÀW-\-tbm-sSm¸w (3, 7) kpµ-cn-bmb kv{Xo, k½m-\-tP-Xm-hmb IpXn-c F¶o \ne-I-fnepw hÀW-\-apÄs¡m- Åp-¶p. 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fnse \Zn-I-fpsS t]cp-IÄ sImv Cu kqàw khn-tijw {it²-b-a-t{X. Ahsb ]WvUn- X-temIw `qan-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hnÚm-\-¯nsâ J\n-bmbn ImWp-¶p. ]nSn-¡-Ãp-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« aq¶p kqà-§-fn 76 BWv Be-¦m-cn-I-ambn IqSpX anI-hp-ä-Xv. 77-þ78 kqà-§Ä kyqa-civan `mÀK-h³ cNn-¨v acp-¯p-¡Ä¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-hbm-Wv. Chbv¡p ]Xn-hn- Ãm-¯- hr¯-L-S-\bpw Ae¦mc]-²-Xn-bp-am-Wp-Å-Xv. Ch cpw Gsd- NÀ¨ sN¿-s¸-«n-«p-v. Be-¦m-cn-I-ambn Cu kqàw D]-a-I-fpsS B[n-]-Xy-ap-Å-Xm-Wv. aqt¶m \mtem D]-a-IÄ Hmtcm ]Zy-¯n-ep-ap-v. D]-a-I-fpsS km{µ-amb tI{µo-I-cWw Bdmw ]Zym-cw-`-t¯msS Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p-sh-¦nepw km{¼-Zm-bn-I-amb {XnjvSp-¸p- hr¯hpw kqàm-´y-¯nse B\p-Iq-ey-{]-Xo-£m-{]-I-S-\-§fpw Xncn-¨p-h-cp¶p. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS an¡ hnh-c- W-§fpw Ah-cpsS ]cn-Nn-X-amb khn-ti-j-X-IÄ DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-h-bm-Wv: Ah-bpsS sImSp-¦m-äp-{]-Ir-Xw, C{µ- \p-am-bpÅ _Ôw, kuµ-cyhpw Ae-¦m-c-§-fpw, ho¼p ]d-¨n apX-em-b-h. ]t£, cp-X-hW AhÀ BZn- Xy-·m-cp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶pv (2, 8). BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS Cu tZh-KW¯n\v acp-¯p-¡-fp-ambn s]mXp-hmbn H¶p-an-Ã. Cu _Ôw hmkvX-h-¯n {]iv\-ap-m-¡p-¶p. A]-cn-Nn-X-\p-am-bpÅ _Ô-amWv ChÀ¡p X½n s]mXp-hn-ep-Å-sX-s¶m-c-`n-{]m-b-ap-v. Cu kqà-¯n cp {]mhiyw (3, 5) cnim-Z-k-]Zw hcp-¶p-v. A]-cn- Nn-X-_-Ô-am-WtÃm AXv hyà-am-¡p-¶-Xv. ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse 78-þDw Ae-¦m-c-k-ar-²-am-Wv. hr¯m-e-¦m-c-§-fn Cu kqàw, hmkvX-h-¯nÂ, ap³kq-às¯ AXn-i-bn-¡p-¶p. CXnse {XnjvSp¸p Xs¶ {]tXy-I-X-bpÅXmWv. D]-a-I-fm-h-s«, F«p ]Zy-§- fn-ep-ap-S-\ofw hym]n-¨p-\n¡p-¶p. IqSp-X hmIy-hn-\ym-k-\n-b-{´-W-hpw ImWmw. Cu AjvS-]-Zym-ß-I-kq- à-¯nse BZys¯ Ggp ]Zy-§-fnse Hmtcm \¶mep hcn-bn-sebpw ]mZ-ZoÀL-amb D]-a-IÄ F§s\ hn\y- kn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p-sh¶p t\m¡mw. D]-a-I-fpsS \o ]c-¼-c-bn ""Ch'' F¶pw ""\'' F¶p-apÅ D]-am-hm-N-I- §Ä CS-hn«p {]tbm-Kn-¡pI km[m-c-W-am-W-tÃm. F¶mÂ, ChnsS Ch F¶ {]tbmKw Xosc Hgn-hm-¡n-bn-«p- s-¶Xv {it²-bw. \nb-X-amb ""\ (t]m-se)''bpsS BhÀ¯\w Hcp-Xcw ]«m-f-¨n-«-bpsS Ah-t_m-[-ap-f-hm- ¡m³ klm-bn-¨n-«p-ap-v. FÃm-bvt¸mgpw acp-¯p-¡-fmWv IÀ¯m-sh-¶p-Å-Xp-sImv Cu D]-a-I-sfÃmw {]Y- am-_-lp-h-N-\-]p-Ãnw-K-¯n-emWv LSn-¸n-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. acp-¯p-¡-fpsS DuÀP-kz-ehpw NSp-e-hp-amb bm{X-IÄ¡pw {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä¡pw A\p-cq-]-amb Cu D]-am-hn-\y-k\w cq]-`m-ssh-Iy-¯n-\v- H-¶m-´cw DZm-l-c-W-a-t{X. F«m- a-t¯-Xmb D]-kw-lm-c-]Zyw BZys¯ Ggn-sâbpw LS-\-bnÂ\n¶p thdn-«p-\n¡p-¶p. km{¼-Zm-bn-I-cq-]- ¯n- tZh·m-tcm-SpÅ ]Xn-h-`yÀY-\-bm-W-Xv. BZy-ambn Cu ]Zy-¯n-emWv acp-Xv]-Z-km-¶n[yw hcp-¶-sX-¶Xv {it²-bw. kqàw 79 XpS-§p-¶Xv ""A]iyw'' (Rm³ ImWp¶p) F¶ D¯-a-]p-cp-j-ZÀi-\-t¯m-Sp-IqSnbmWv. \memw ]Zy-¯n Hcp kXyw Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. hopw D¯-a-]p-cp-j-\n¯-s¶. hàmhn-hnsâ kzXzw shfn-s¸-Sp- ¯msX AXv Aán-tZ-h-\m-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. F¶m Cu kqà-¯nse cl-kym-ß-IX A{X AKm-[-a-Ã. Aán aXn-h-cmsX Xn¶p-¶-h-\mWv Ft¶-bp-Åq (6). Cu kqà-¯neps¶p hnNm-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ Zpcq-lX {]tXy-In¨v Zpcq-l-X-sbm-¶p-a-Ã. ssien Poh-Êp-äXpw _nw_-Iev]\IÄ Xo£vW-hp-a-t{X. Hmtcm hcnbpw Aán-]-Zw-sImp XpS-§p-¶p-sh-¶-Xm-Wv 80-þmw kqà-¯nsâ cq]-]-c-amb Gähpw henb {]tXy-I-X. kqà-¯nsâ BZy-]-Ip-Xn-bn (1-þ4) cq]w an¡-hmdpw {]Y-ssa-I-h-N-\-am-sW-¦n ASp¯ ]Ip- Xn-bn an¡-hmdpw ZznXo-b-bn-em-Wv. ]e-t¸mgpw ]Xn-hp-Å-Xp-t]mse A´n-a-]Zyw CXnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-am-Ip- ¶p. Cu cq]-L-S-\bv¡p Iogvs¸-«n-cn-¡-bmWv kqà-¯nsâ icn-bmb DÅ-S-¡w. kqà-¯nsâ BZy-`mKw GXmp apgp-h³ Aán s]mXp-hn \ÂIp¶ Zm\-§fpw klm-b-§fpw ssI Imcyw sN¿p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw, ]t£, Xnc-¡n«v Aán ]e hyàn-IÄ¡pw \ÂInb klm-b-§-fpsS ]pcm-hr-¯-§Ä ]«n-I-bmbn Ah- X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Aizn-IÄ c£-s¸-Sp-¯nb A{Xn-bpsS IYbpw ChnsS Aán-bp-tS-Xmbn tNÀ¯n-«p-v. 5þ6 ]Zy- §Ä Bh-iy-apÅ kÀh-Po-h-Pm-e-§-fp-sSbpw e£yw Aán-bm-sW¶p Øm]n-¡p-¶p. A´n-a-amb Ggmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn Xsâ kqàw E`p-¡-fpsS amXr-I-bn cNn-¨-Xm-sW¶pw Xm³ Xncn¨p {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶Xpw {]kvXm-hn-¡p-¶p. kqàw 81. hniz-IÀamhv krjvSn-¡p¶ Bim-cn-bpw (4) sImÃ\p(3)am-Wv. Ah-\mWv temIs¯ cq]-s¸-Sp- ¯n-b-Xv. ]t£, Ah³ {]mNo-\-\mb Ejnbpw tlmXmhpw (1) Ct¸m-gs¯ kJmhpw (5) bÚ-§-fn klm- bn-¡p-¶-h\pw (7) BWv. Ahsâ ]utcm-lnXyw {]mNo-\-Im-ew -ap-X B[p-\n-I-Im-ew -hsc XpS-cp-¶p (1). Cu ]ptcm-ln-X-hr¯n Ahsâ krjvSn-IÀa-hp-ambn ASp¯p _Ô-ap-Å-X-t{X. Ah³ X\n-¡p-th-n-¯s¶ sN¿p¶ bÚw Ah\v kzÀKhpw `qanbpw t\Sn-s¡m-Sp-¡p-¶p (6). Xm³ Ah-tem-I\w sN¿p¶ km{am-Py-§- fpsS t\«-¯n\p kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶-XmWv Ahsâ bÚIÀaw (5). -B-Zys¯ hcn-bn hnizIÀam-hnsâ ""]I- cÂ'' ""lhn-Êm''-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. kqàw 82 ap³kq-à-¯nsâ ]qc-Ihpw AXn-t\-¡mÄ ck-I-c-hp-am-Wv. hniz-IÀam-hnsâ hnhn-[-IÀa§- fpsS IqSp-X kqN-\-IÄ Cu ]Zy-§Ä \ÂIp-¶p. ""I®nsâ ]nXm-sh''-¶mWv BZy-]-Zy-¯n¯s¶ Ah³ hnti-jn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. Ejn-I-fpsS {]tNm-Zn-X-ZÀi-\-am-WtÃm I®v. adp-h-i-¯v, AXv kqcysâ I®pam-hmw. Cu ]Zyw bÚ-k-µÀ`-¯n\pw {]m]-©n-I-k-µÀ`-¯n\pw tNc-¯-¡-hn-[-¯n-ep-Å-Xm-Wv. cmw ]Zyhpw CtX- coXn XpS-cp-¶p. AXv bÚ-¯n-sâbpw temI-¯n-sâbpw krjvSnIÄ X-½Â I®n tNÀ¡p-¶p. cn-sâbpw tI{µ-{]-Xn-\n[n hniz-IÀam-hm-Wv. 5þ7 ]Zy-§-fn Ihn hniz-IÀamhv ssIs¡m-n-«pÅ Bhn-jvIr-X-cq-]-§Ä shfn-s¸-Sp¯p-¶p. 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fn BhÀ¯n-¨p-h-cp¶ ""{]Y-a-KÀ`''{]tbmKw hniz-IÀam-hnsâ cq]-§Ä¡v Gähpw \sÃmcp kqN-\-bm-Wv. AXv shÅw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p. AhnsS FÃm tZh-·mcpw Bhn-jvIr-X-cm-hp- ¶p.{]]-©-X-e-¯n kqcy³, bÚ-X-e-¯n Aán (bÚm-án), ]ns¶ cmPm-hv þ Cu aq¶pw shÅ-hp- ambn _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶p-v. kqcy³ shÅ-¯nÂ\n-¶p-Zn-¡p-¶p. Aán ""shÅ-¯nsâ Ipªm''Wv (A]mw \]- mXv). cmPm-hn\v Pew-sIm-m-WtÃm A`n-tj-Iw. kqàw 83 a\ypsh, AXnsâ iànsbbpw hnPbw ssIh-cp-¯p¶ KpW-§sfbpw, kvXpXn-¡p-Ibpw Ahsb X§-fpsS i{Xp-¡Äs¡-Xn-cmbn D]-tbm-Kn-¡m³ AXn-t\mSv At]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ \mep ]Zy- §-tfm-Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-¶p. XpSÀ¶p Å aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ7) IqSp-X hyàn-]-c-amb kzc-ap-ÅXpw hàm-hn- s\ -a\yp CS-bn A\n-Ýn-X-amb Imc-W-§-fm ssIhn-«-Xn-\m AXns\ hopw Xncn¨p Xsâ ]£-¯m¡n i{Xpsh H¶n-s¨-XnÀ¡m-sa-¶-t]-£n-¡p-¶-Xp-am-Wv. ap³kq-à-s¯-t¸mse 84-þDw bp²-§-fnepw sImÅ-ap-X-ep-I-fpsS hn`-P-\-¯nepw klm-ba`yÀYn¨p-sImv a\ypsh A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Be-¦m-cn-I-ambn CXn\p Nne {]tXy-I-X-I-fpv: an¡ -]-Zy-§-fpsS A´y- `m-K-§fpw XpSÀ¶p-h-cp¶ ]Zy-¯nsâ XpS¡w tImÀ¯p-sIm-m-Wv. a[y-Im-e-a-e-bm-f-¯n {]kn-²-amb A´m- Zn-{]m-k-¯nsâ hI-t`-Zw-X-s¶. GIkqà-hn-`m-K-¯n-se- ZoÀLhpw D]m-Jym-\-]-c-hp-amb 85-þmw kqàw hnhm-l-sa¶ Krly-kw-kvIm- cs¯ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. CXnse ]e kqà-§fpw AYÀh-th-Z-¯nsebpw Krly-kq-{X-§-fn-sebpw hnhm-l-kq- à-§-fn-ep--v. kqàw kqcysâ aI-fmb kqcy-bpsS hnhm-l-¯nsâ Hcp hn[w kpL-Sn-X-amb hnh-c-W-t¯msS (1-þ19) XpS-§p-¶p. kqcym-hn-hmls¯ a\p-jy-cpsS hnhm-l-§fpsS BZn-cq-]-ambn ImWmw. AhÄX-s¶-bmWv kqà-¯nsâ Ihn-sb¶pw A\p-{I-aWn ]d-bp¶p (Cu hymJym-\hpw AXv kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p). tkma-\mWv hc³. BZys¯ A©p-]-Zy-§Ä, \ap¡p ]cn-N-b-apÅ `qan-bnse bÚ-]m-\o-b-amb tkma-aà CsX¶p Dd¸n- ¡p¶p (hn-ti-jn¨v 3þ4 ]Zy--§Ä). kzÀK-¯nse tkma-\m-Wv hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. N{µ-\m-W-sX¶v ChnsS BZy- ambn XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw ]n¡m-e¯v AXv \ne-hm-c-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (5). XpSÀ¶pÅ ]Zy-§Ä (6- þ12) {]m]-©n-Ihpw \nXy-Po-hn-X-i-àn-Ifpw X½n-epÅ XmZm-ßy-¯nsâ ]c-¼c LSn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. hyXykvX- amb hnhm-l-k-hn-ti-j-X-IfmWv \nXy-Po-hn-X-i-àn-I-fpsS `mK-ambn hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. {]tXy-In¨v hnhm-l-h-n- bpsS hnh-c-Ww. CXn ]eXpw, htc-Wy-kw-kvIm-c-`m-j-bm-I-bm-em-hmw, th{X hyà-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. {]m]-©n- tIm-]-am-\-§Ä GsX¶p Xncn-¨-dn-bm-\m-hm¯ \£-{X-§-sf-¸-änbpw aäp-am-b-Xn-\mepw Cu AhyàX IqSp- ¶p. 13-þ16 ]Zy-§Ä hnhm-l-IÀa-sa¶ Hscmä BJym-\-¯n tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. ""kzbw-h-c-''am-W-tÃm. hc-·m- cpsS t]cpw aäp hnh-c-§fpw ]d-bp-¶Xpw h[p CjvS-s¸« hcs\ ""Nqn-¡m«p''¶Xp-saÃmw lrZy-am-bn-«p-v. Cu kqà-¯n Aizn-I-fmWv hc-·mÀ. Ah-cpsS ap¨-{I-t¯-cnsâ N{I-§Ä IS-¦Y t]mse NÀ¨m-hn-j- b-am-hp-¶p (15-þ16). Hcp kvXpXn-]-Zy-t¯m-sSbpw (17) XpSÀ¶p hcp¶ kqcy-N-{µ-·m-sc-¸-än-bpÅ cp {]tl-fn- Im-]-Zy-§-tfm-sSbpw (18-þ19) Cu `mKw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. ZoÀLhpw Gsd-¡psd ]pcm-hr-¯-]-chpw {]]-©-im- kv{X--]-c-hp-amb Cu Bap-J-¯n-\p-tijw kqàw {]kà-hn-j-tbm- Nn-X-amb a\p-jy-hn-hm-ls¯ hÀWn-¡p- ¶p. 20-þ27 ]Zy-§Ä hcWw apX hnhm-l-i-I-S-¯n Ibdn ]pXnb ho«n-se-¯n-t¨-cp-¶-Xp-h-sc-bpÅ hnhm- ls¯ hnkvX-cn¨p hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. #qcym-hn-hm-l-hp-ambn _Ô-ap-Å-Xp-sIm-mhmw CXn-hnsS h¶-Xv. 21-þ22 ]Zy-§Ä KÔÀhs\ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. 26-þ27 ]Zy-§-fn ]pXnb ho«n F¯n-t¨-À¶v Krl-`-cWw XpS- §p¶ h[p-hn\v ip`m-iw-k-IÄ t\cp-¶p. 28-þ35 ]Zy-§Ä hnhm-l-bm-{X-bn hcm-hp¶ tcmK-§fpw IhÀ¨- ¡m-sc-s¡mpw aäp-apÅ A]-I-S-§fpw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. h[p Xom-cn-bm-hp-¶Xpw Ah-fpsS hkv{X-¯n cà-¡d ]pc-fp-¶Xpw _Ôp-¡Ä¡v kt´m-j-am-hp-¶-Xpw, ]t£, `À¯m-hv sIWn-bnÂs¸-«-Xp-t]m-epÅ A\p- `hw t]dp-¶-Xp-saÃmw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. \h-Z-¼-Xn-I-fpsS _Ô-¯n¯s¶ hnÅ hogp-¶ptm F¶p kwi- bw. AhÄ a{´-hm-Zn-\n-bpsS aqÀ¯o-`m-h-ambn A\p-`-h-s¸-«p-Xp-S-§n. ""`mcy `À¯m-hn {]th-in¨p'' (29) F¶mbn \ne! CXn-s\Ãmw Hcp {_mÒWt¶ ]cn-lmcw ImWm-\mhq! HSp-hn FÃmw ip`-ambn Iem-in-¡p-¶p. `mcym-`À¯r-_Ôw am\-kn-Ihpw Imbn-I-hp-ambn {]k-¶X {]m]n-¡p-¶p (38-þ41). Ah-km-\s¯ Bdp ]Zy- §Ä (42-þ47) hnhm-ln-X-cmb Z¼-Xn-IÄ¡pÅ ]pXp-Po-hn-Xm-iw-k-I-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. kqàw 86. EtKz-Z-¯nse Akm-[m-cm-c-W-amb kqà-am-Wn-sX¶v A`n-{]m-b-apÅ ]WvUnXcp-v. Cµ³, C{µm-Wn, Ah-fp-ambn ssewKn-Im-Xn-{I-a-¯n-s¶m-cp-§nb hrjm-I]n F¶ ZpÀhr-¯-\mb Ipc-§³ F¶n-hÀ X½n-epÅ kw`m-j-W-am-Wn-Xv. sR«n-¡p¶ ssewKn-I-hyh-lm-c-a-S-§p¶ kqàw. 23 ]Zy-¯nepw C{µsâ AXyp- ¶-XXzw {]Jym-]n-¡p¶ ]Ã-hn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu kqàw- B-sI-¡qSn C{µsâ hmgv¯p¶-sX¶p ]d-tb--Xn- Ã. [mcmfw hymJym-\-t`-Z-§Ä an¡ ]Zy-§Ä¡p-ap-v. cmPIo-b-amb Aiz-ta-[-b-Ú-¯nsâ ]tcm-£-amb hnh-c-W-am-sW¶p hymJym-\n-¨m ]e {]iv\-§fpw ]cn-l-cn-¡m-\m-hp-sa-¶mWv Pman-k¬-þsâ \nco-£-Ww. {]kvXp-X-kq-à-¯n hrjm-I]n (BÄ ¡-c-§v) Aizs¯ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶p. Ahsâ C{µm-Wn-bp-am- bpÅ ssewKn-Im-`m-k-§Ä Aiz-ta-[-]-c-amb hymJym-\-¯n hyà-am-hpw. AhÄ Ahs\ shdp-¡p-¶p-sh- ¦nepw kqàw apt¶-d-th, Ahsâ ssewKn-I-ssh-Ir-X-§sf t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp -Im-Wmw. hrjm-I-]n-bpsS `mcy-sb¶v C{µ³ Hcn-S¯v C{µm-Wnsb kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶Xv (13) A§s\ AÀY-h-¯m-hp-¶p. ssewKn-I- - \jvSw kw`-hn-¡p-¶-h-\mWv icn-¡pÅ A[n-]Xn F¶v {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶Xv (17) AXpsIm-m-Wv. kqà-am-cw-`n- ¡p-¶Xv, X\n¡v BZ-c-sam¶pw In«-¶n-sÃ-¶v- C-µ³ ]cmXn ]d-bp-Ibpw C{µmWn AXv icn-sh-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p- ¶-tXm-sS-bmWv (1-þ2). C{µ\p \jvS-{]m-b-amb ]Zhn hos-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn\v Aiz-ta[w \S-¯m-\pÅ {]tNm-Z\w A§s\ ssIh-cp-¶p. XpSÀ¶v hrjm-I-]n-bn-te¡p hnjbw amdp¶p (3þ6). Ah-\p-am-bpÅ kulrZw C{µm- Wn-bp-am-bpÅ _Ô-¯n Imepjyw krjvSn-¡p-¶p. hrjm-I]n kw`m-j-W-¯n CS-s]-Sp¶p (7). Ah³ Ah-fpsS Ahy-à-amb £Wkq-N-\-IÄ¡v {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-¶p. Aiz-ta-[-¯nse ssewKn-I-ssh-Ir-X-§Ä¡v Ah- cn Ac-s§m-cp-§p¶p (8-þ9). 10-þ11 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ]-Xv\n-bm-b-Xn-epÅ C{µmWnbpsS A`n-am\w {]I-Sn-X-am-hp- ¶p. XpSÀ¶v C{µ³ bÚ-l-hn-Êmbn tZh-·m-cpsS ASp-t¯¡p t]mb kplr-¯nsâ Imcy¯n hne-]n-¡p- Ibpw (12), AtX-k-abw ]pXn-b- b-Ú-l-hn-Êp-IÄ kzbw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xn B\-µn-¡p-Ibpw (13-þ14) sN¿p¶p. Cu ]Zy-§-fn Ah³ ]Xv\nsb C{µm-Wn-bmbpw (12) hrjm-I-]m-bn-(hr-jm-I-]n-bpsS `mcy)bmbpw (13) kwt_m- [\ sN¿p-¶p. hrjm-I-]n-bp-am-bpÅ kwt`m-K-¯n AhÄ Ahsâ Xmev¡m-en-I-bÚ-]-Xv\nbmbn amdn-bn-cp- ¶-tÃm. 15-þmw ]Zy-¯n BJym-Xmhv C{µsâ tkma-l-hn-Êp-IÄ ]p\-c-cm-cw-`n-¡s¸«-Xmbn Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. A§s\ H¶mw ]Zy-¯n ]dª bÚ-\jvSw ]cn-lr-X-am-bn. CXnsâ {]Xn-I-c-W-amb cp ]Zy-§Ä (16-þ17) XpSÀ¶p-h-cp-¶p. Ch-bmWv kqà-¯nsâ lrZbhpw Aiz-ta-[-¯nsâ icn-¡pÅ \ymbo-I-c-W-hpw. BZy- t¯Xv hniz-P-\o-\-amb Hcp kXyw hyà-am-¡p¶p: ssewKn-I-ambn hnPbw t\Sn-b-h-\mWv icn-bmb A[n-]- Xnbpw A[n-Im-c-i-àn-bpw. ]t£, CXv sshcp-[ym-ß-I-ambn amän-a-dn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p: hnP-bn-¡m-¯-h-\mWv A[n-]- Xn. Cu {]kvXm-h\ Aiz-ta-[-¯n\p `wKnbmbn tNcpw: cmPmhv Aiz-¯m (C-hn-sS- hr-jm-I-]n-bmÂ) Pmcn- Wo-]-Xn-bm-bn-¯o-cp¶p. Cu \mWw sI« {]hr-¯n¡v Xm³ km£n-bmWv! ]t£, Ah³ FÃm bÚ-t\-«- §fpw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ A[n-Im-c-iàn hÀ[n-¡p-¶p. AtX -k-abw cmÚn-bpsS ssewKn-I-]-¦mfn bPn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu ]Zy-Zz-b-t¯msS kqàw D¨-tIm-Sn-bn-se-¯p-Ibpw AXnsâ ktµiw {]Jym- ]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. _m¡n-bp-Åh Xcw- Xm-W-h-bm-sW¶p ]d-bmw. ASp¯ A©p ]Zy-§Ä (18-þ22)- bÚm-\-´-c-w hr-jm-I-]n-bpsS tZh-·m-cn-te-¡pÅ A´y-bm-{X-bm-Wv. A´n-a-]Zyw am\-hn-bpsS {]k-h-¯w-¸- än-bpÅ {]tl-fn-Im-kz-`m-h-apÅ H¶m-Wv. Aiz-ta-[-^ew kar-²-amb DÀh-c-X-bm-sW-¶m-hmw CXnsâ kmcmw- iw. Aán-kq-à-§-fpsS ]Xn-hp-co-Xn-bnÂ\n¶p hn«p-\n¡p¶XmWv 87-þmw kqàw. ct£m-lm-án-bpsS lnwkm- ß-I(-bm-Xp-[m-\)-cq]w ChnsS ImWmw. Aán¡v Ahsâ Pzmem-Ir-Xnsb ASn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bpÅhbpw i{Xp- ¡sf Xpf¨pw Ii-¡nbpw inYn-e-am-¡nbpw aäpw \in-¸n-¡m-\pÅhbp-amb kma-{Kn-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb hn]p-e- amb Hcm-bp-[-im-e-bp-s¶p hnh-cn-¡p¶ Cu kqà-¯nsâ `mj BËm-Z-I-chpw krjvSn-]-c-hp-amb cà-Zm- l-¯n-tâ-Xm-Wv. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Aánsb kwc-£n-¡p-¶-Xnsâ `mK-ambn Ah\p s\bv Xfn-¡p-Ibpw Ahs\ hnfn¡p-Ibpw Pzen--¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p-v. \memw ]Zy-¯n Aán-bpsS Bbp-[-§-fpsS amc-I-iàn bÚ- ¯nÂ\n¶p hcp-¶-Xpw- b-ÚhNÊp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«Xpam-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Aán-bpsS `oj-Whpw B{Im-a-I- hp-amb \½psS kwc-£Ww \½psS bÚ-]-c-amb s]cp-am-ä-¯nÂ\n-¶p-m-hp-¶Xm-sW-¶ÀYw. ]t£ kqà- ¯n ]te-S¯pw Ihn C¡mcyw hnkva-cn-¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. Htc kabw cv A[ym-tcm-]-§Ä 88-þmw kqà-¯nsâ LS-\-bm-Ip-¶p. Hcp hi¯v, bÚm-án-{]Xn- jvTbpw AXn lhnÊp ]I-cepw DÄs¡m-Åp¶ C¶-s¯- bÚw; CXn\p hncp-²-am-bn, tZh-·mcpsS {]m-Y-an- I-amb bÚm-án-\nÀam-Ww. C¶s¯ bÚw H¶mw ]Zy-¯n XpS§n ]s¯m³]Xmw ]Zy-¯n Ah-km- \n-¡p-¶p. CSbv¡v D]-cn-X-e-§-fn-ep-S-\ofw 3, 5, 14 F¶o ]Zy-§-fn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]t£, {]mIr-Xn-I-amWv {][m-\w. AXv BZy-]-Zy-¯n XpS-§p-¶p. auen-I-ambn bÚw krjvSn-¡p-I-bpw bÚmán ""P\n-¸n- ¡pI''bpsa¶ tZh-·m-cpsS ]¦v hnti-jn¨v \memw ]Zy-¯nepw 7þ13 ]Zy-§-fnepw Du¶p-¶p. 8þ10, 13 ]Zy-§- fn \mep XhW (""P\-b´ tZhmx'' ""tZhmkx P\-b´'' ""tZhmkx APo-P-\Xv'' ""tZhmx sshizm-\cw AIr- Wz³'') D]-am-{]-I-S-\-§-tfm-sSm¸w \ap¡p ImWmw. tZh-·mÀ bÚmÀl-cm-sW¶p CS-bv¡nsS hcp-¶pv 3, 6, 11, 13). 5þ Aánbpw A§s\ hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Aán sshizm-\-c-\m-sW¶ XmZm-ßy-I-c-W-amWv asäm-cp {]ta-bm-[ym-tcm-]w. ""FÃm a\p-jyÀ¡p-ap-Å-h³'' F¶v Ah-b-hmÀYw. CXv kqcy-s\bpw AÀY-am-¡p-¶p. {]Im- iw-sImp {]]©w \nd-bv¡Â, NqSv F¶ cv Aán-[Àa-§Ä {ItaW tZh-·mÀ Aán-bmbn kqcys\ krjvSn-¨p-sh¶ IY-bn-te¡p \bn-¨p-sh¶p Icp-X-Ww. Aán-{]Im-i-¯n kqcy³ shfn-s¸-Sp-¶p-sh¶p \½psS A\p-`-h-hp-am-Wv. C¡m-cy-§Ä 10-þ13 ]Zy-§-fn hyàw. 14-þmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn Aánsb kqcy-\mbn AwKo-I- cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ 17-þ19 ]Zy-§-fn A[ym-tcm-]n-X-L-S-\If-nse Cu cw-i-§fpw cp- t]À X½n-epÅ kw`m-j-W-¯n-eqsS Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. Ch-cm-sc-¶-Xn-s\-¸än A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym- k-§-fp-s-¦nepw ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cm-sW¶p ]e-cpw \nco-£n-¡p-¶p. Ihn-bpsS ss]Xr-I-¡-®n-IÄ hnizm-an-{X-tKm-{X-¯n-te¡p \o-p\n¡p¶psh¶v 89-þmw kqà-¯nse A´n-a-]-Zyw (C{µ-kq-à-hn-izm-an-{X-]-Ã-hn)- hy-à-am-¡p-¶p. D]m-´y-]Zyhpw (17) hnizm-an-{X-·msc ]cm-aÀin- ¡p-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ cmw `mKw 8þmw ]Zyw-ap-X XpS-§p-¶p. ChnsS kJy-¯nsâ {]m[m\yhpw [mÀan-I-]- cm-Pbw i{Xp-hnsâ apJy-e-£-W-ambn amdp-¶-Xp-saÃmw Cu ]mc¼-cym-`n-am-\-{]-[m-\-am-b- kqà¯n {]ta-b- ambn hcp-¶p. kqàw 90 EtKz-Z-¯nse AXn-{]-kn-²-hpw Gähpw kzm[o\w sNep-¯p-¶-Xp-amb kqà-am-Ip-¶p. ]pcp- j-\mWv CXnsâ tI{µ{]Xo-Iw. D]-cn-X-e-hn-Nm-c-¯n CXv ]d-bp-¶Xv temIw krjvSn¡s¸-«Xv AXn-Im-b-\mb Hcp ]pcp-jsâ Ah-b-h-§ÄsIm-pÅ bÚ-¯nÂ\n-¶m-sW-¶m-Wv. {]m]-©n-I-b-Ú-¯n-eq-sS-bmWv bÚ- ap-m-b-sX¶ {]tabw ]cs¡ hym]n-¨n-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. ]t£, Cu kqàw B {]mNo-\-]m-c-¼-cy-¯nsâ ]p\-cm- hÀ¯-\-a-Ã. Cu ]pcp-j³ ]n¡m-e-kq-à-amb CXn bÚ-¯nsâ {]Xo-I-am-bn-«mWv {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xv. A§s\ ]pcp-j³ ]n¡m-e¯v Znhy-\mb {]Pm-]-Xn-¡p kam-\-\m-Ip-¶p. Cu kqàw NmXpÀhÀWy ¯nsâ ]cm-aÀia-S-§p¶ Htc-sbmcp kqà-sa¶ \nebv¡pw {it²-b-a-t{X. PmXn-hy-h-Ø-bv¡m-[m-c-amb NmXpÀhÀWy- ¯n\p thZm-\p-aXn e`n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-IqSn thn-bmhmw {]kvXp-X-kqàw EtKz-Z-¯n DÄs¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xv. ]pcp- j-sâbpw bÚ-¯n-sâ-bpw A`n-¶Xzw H¶mw ]Zy-¯nepw Ah³ `qansb AXn-hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p-sh¶v cnepw Ahsâ Cu B-[n-]Xyw XpSÀ¶v ]pcp-j-sâbpw hncm-«n-sâbpw ]c-kv]-c-P-·-cq-]amb A©nepw ]pcp-j³ lhn-Êm-sW¶v Bdnepw bÚ-]-ip-hm-sW¶v 15-þepw tZh-·mcpw km[y-·mcpw Ejn-Ifpw A\p-jvTn¨ bÚw- X-s¶-bm-WsX¶v Ggnepw CXnÂ\n¶p XpSÀ¶p-Å bÚ-§-fp-mbn F¶v F«nepw E¡p-Ifpw kma-§fpw Oµ-Êp-Ifpw bPpÊpw P\n-¨p-sh¶v H³]-Xnepw bÚ-ar-K-§-fp-Zv`-hn-¨p-sh¶v ]¯nepw bÚ-`m-K-§Ä aq¶v D]-cn-hÀW-§-fnÂ\n¶p P\n-¨p-sh¶v 11-þ12 epw Ah-km\w tZh-·mÀX-s¶bpw Dm-sb¶v 13-þ14 epw AXv kzÀK-Zzmc¯nse-¯n-¡p-sa¶v 16-þepw ]d-bp-¶p. kqàw 91 ssien-bn 10. 89-þs\ A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. inev]-`-{Z-hpw- A-e-¦m-c-kp-µ-c-hp-amb ]c-¼-cm-K-X- amb coXn-bn-epÅ Hcp tZh-kvXp-Xn. ss\cp-àn-I-amb ]Z-{]-tbmK-¯n Cu Ihn¡v IqSp-X Xmev]-cy-ap-v. {]tXy-In¨v BZys¯ Nne ]Zy-§-fn CXp ImWmw. ]Zy-§Ä X-½n-epÅ irwJ-em-_-Ôhpw ChnsS Zriy-a- t{X. tZh-\mb Aán-sbbpw Ah-sâ- bÚ]c-amb ]¦p-I-sf hnti-jn¨pw kqà-¯n {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. s]mXp-hn Akw-L-Sn-Xhpw ]e-t¸mgpw {]tl-fn-Im-kz-`m-h-ap-Å-XpamWv kqàw 92. ]t£, CXp XpS- §p-¶Xv Aán-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kp`-{Z-amb tÇmI-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-Ip-¶p. ap³]s¯ Aán-kq-{X-¯nse hmN-I- ssi-enbpw aäp-ap-]-tbm-Kn-¨v. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§fpw bÚ-k-µÀ`-¯nse Aán-sb-¸-än-¯-s¶. F¶mÂ, _m¡n-bp-tÅ-S¯v LS-\-bpsS `{Z-Xtbm bpàn-k-l-amb ]ptcm-K-Xntbm Imcyam-sbm-¶p-an-Ã. tZh-·mcpw AÀ[- -tZ-h-·mcpw (4-þ5, 11-þ13) hcp-¶p-v. cp{Z\pw acp-¯p-¡fpw ]e ]Zy-§-fnepw hnj-b-am-Wv (5-þ6, 9). kqcy- sâ- Ip-Xn-c-I-fn C{µ³ CS-s]-Sp-¶-Xp-t]m-epÅ ]pcm-hr-¯-§Ä hcp-¶p-s-¦nepw (8) ]eXpw th{X hnI- kn-¸n-¡-s¸-«p-Im-Wp-¶n-Ã. \ap¡v H¶pw Adn-ªp-Iq-Sm¯ Nne IY-IÄ 10-þ-epw- aäpw ImWp-¶p. {]Xn-^ew Xcp-¶-Xn-t\-¡mÄ shÃp-hnfn \ÂIp-¶-h-bmWv ap³kq-à-t]mse 93-þmw kqàhpw. Zymhm-]r- Yn-hn-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]Zy-t¯msS kqàw XpS-§p-¶p. 10-þepw Cu Bibw BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. cpw -aq¶pw ]Zy-§Ä tZh-·msc s]mXp-hn ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zyw BZn-Xy-·mÀ sXm«pÅ t]À ]d-ªp-Xp-S-§p- ¶p. XpSÀ¶pÅ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ7) Aizn-I-fn tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. 8þ9, 11 ]Zy-§Ä E`p-¡-sfbpw C{µ- s\bpw Ipdn-¨m-Wv. Ihn 12-þmw ]Zy-¯n km`n-am\w Cu IhnX kw{K-ln-¡p-¶p. 13-þ15 [mcmfw c£n-Xm-¡sf kvacn-¨p-sIm-pÅ Hcp Zm\-kvXp-Xn-b-t{X. ]nSn-¡-Ãp-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« Cu cmw kqàw (94) ck-I-chpw `mh-\m-]qÀW-hp-am-Wv. kqà-¯n- ep-S-\ofw ]nSn-¡-Ãp-IÄ tNX-\-§-fmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p þ a\p-jy-cmb tPmen-¡mÀ, hni-¸pä Imf-IÄ, ]£n-IÄ, am\p-IÄ, IpXn-c-IÄ F¶n-§-s\. ]t£, ]d-bp-¶-h-sc¶ \ne-bn {]tXyIw Du¶Â \ÂIn-bn-cn- ¡p-¶p. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä hN-\-{In-b-I-fpÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. A©n hyXy-kvX-ssi-en-tbmsS AXnsâ BhÀ¯-\w. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (13-þ14) Cu {Inb-IÄ {]Xn-[z-\n-¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu ]Zy-§-fn ]nSn-¡- Ãp-Isf sI«nÂ\n¶gn-¡p-¶-Xmbpw Ah-bpsS ]Wn XoÀ¶-Xmbpw ]d-bp-¶p. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯nse Ah-km- \h-cn-bn Ahsb shdpw IÃp-I-fm-bmWv ImWp-¶-Xv. hfsc {]i-kvXhpw Gsd NÀ¨ sN¿-s¸-«-Xp-amb Cu 95-þmw kqà¯n A]vk-c-Êmb DÀh-inbpw Dt]- £n-¡-s¸« Ah-fpsS a\p-jy-`À¯m-hmb ]pcq-c-hÊpw X½n-epÅ kw`m-j-W-amWv {]Xn-]m-Zyw. Ah³ (A- ]vk-c-Êp-I-fmb Iq«p-Im-cn-I-tfm-sSm¸w bm{X sN¿p-t¼mÄ) AhfpsS ASp-¯p-sN¶p kw`m-jWw XpS-§p- Ibpw X§-fpsS hnhm-l-¯n h¶p-t]mb sXsä-´m-sW¶p NÀ¨ sN¿m-\m-h-iy-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p (1). Ah³ Ah-fpsS kuµ-cy-s¯-bpw (3) \à `mcysb¶ \ne-bv¡pÅ Ah-fpsS coXn-Isfbpw ]än kvacn-¡p¶p (4). AhÄ A£-a-bmbn Ahs\ Dt]-£n-¡p-t¼mgpw (2) `mcy-sb¶ \ne-bn Xsâ tkh\-§-sf¡pdn¨v AhÄ ]d-bp¶p (5). XpSÀ¶pÅ ]Zy-§Ä (6-þ11) DÀhin Xsâbpw ]pcq-c-h-Ên-sâbpw ]p{X-\mb Bbp-hn-s\ -{]-k-hn-¨-t¸mÄ Xs¶ ]cn-N-cn-¨n-cp¶ A]vk-cx-k-aq-l-s¯¸-än-bmWv apJy-ambpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]pcq-c- hÊv Cu kJn-ItfmSv Akq-bbpw Aev]w B`n-ap-Jyhpw ImWn-¡p-¶p. ]pcq-c-h-Ên kvt\l-t¯-¡mÄ imco-cn-Ihpw aäp-amb Imcy-§-fn-emWv {i² th-sX¶v DÀhin B\p-jw-Kn-I-ambn Ah-tcmSp kqNn-¸n-¡p- ¶p (7, 11). DÀhin ]pcq-c-h-Êns\ hopw Dt]-£n-¡m³ {ian-¡p¶p (11). AhÄ¡p Xsâ aIs\ ]ncnªp Xma-kn-¡m³ F§s\ Ign-bp-sa-¶mWv AhÄ Xs¶ hn«p-t]m-Ip-¶-XnÅ hnjaw kln-¡m-\m-hm¯ ]pcq-c- hÊv tNmZn-¡p-¶-Xv- (12). ""AXns\'' Ahsâ AÑ-s\- Gev]n-¡p-sa-¶m-W-h-fpsS Xnc-¡p- \-Sn-¨p-sIm-pÅ adp- ]-Sn. Ahsf ]ncn-ªm Xm³ A{]-Xy-£-\m-hp-Itbm acn-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-sa¶p ]pcq-c-hÊv (14). DÀhin AXp hn«v aäp ]eXpw ]d-bp¶p (15-þ16). Ah³ Ipd-¨p-IqSn kabw tNmZn-¡p¶p (17). \nKq-V-amb Hcp kam-]- \-]-Zy-t¯msS kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p¶p (18). ]pcq-c-h-Ên-t\m-SpÅ tZh-·m-cpsS kwt_m-[-\-bm-W-XnÂ. ""lcn/lcnX'' F¶o hm¡p-I-fp-sSbpw ""lcy'' F¶ {Inb-bp-sSbpw AXnsâ \njv]-¶-cq-]§-fp-sS-bpw tÇj-{]-tbm-K-§-fn tI{µn-X-amWo kqàw (96). kzÀW-h-{P-¯n-sâbpw kzÀW-tkm-a-¯n-sâbpw tÇj-¯n ]nSn-¨p-sIm-pÅ ]Z-eo-ebpw CXn AwK-ambn hcp-¶p-v. F´mWo hnti-j-Ww- sIm-p-t±-in-¡p-¶-sX¶p ]e-t¸mgpw {]I-S-am-¡n-b-«n-Ã. A\p-hm-N-IÀ GsX-¦n-ep-samt¶m cptam ]q-cn-¸n-¡-W-sa-¶mhmw Ihn-lr-Z-bw. AYÀh-th-Z-kz-`m-h-apÅ 97-þmw kqàw ia-\u-j-[n-Isf kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Ah-bpsS hwim-h-en¡pw iàn-IÄ¡pw-thn kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ah-tbmSp a\p-jy-cpsS tcmK-§Ä amäm³ A`yÀYn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p- ¶p. D¯-a-]p-cp-j-\n-epÅ hàmhv Ihn am{X-a-Ã, sshZy-\p-am-sW¶v Duln-¡mw. Ah³ Hmj-[n-Isf kµÀin¨v Xsâ --a-{´-hm-Mvab§Ä¡v Ah-bpsS iàn \ÂI-sW¶pw At]-£n-¡p¶p (14). kqàw 98 ag-bv¡pÅ Hc-`yÀY-\-bm-Wv. sFXn-ly-Im-e-¯pÅ hnP-b-I-c-amb kam-\-amb Hc-`yÀY-\-bpsS kµÀ`-¯n-em-Wn-Xv. Cu sFXn-ly-¯nsâ D]-Úm-Xm-¡Ä ]ptcm-ln-X\pw Ihn-b-pamb, hmkvX-h-¯n i´- \p-cm-Pm-hn-\p-w _rl-kv]-Xn¡pw thnbpÅ tlmXmhpw ]ptcm-ln-X-\p-am-b, tZhm-]n-X-s¶. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§Ä tZhm-]nbpw (1, 3) _rl-kv]-Xn-tZ-h-\pw (2) -X-½n-epÅ kw`m-j-W-apÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. i´-\p-hn-tâ- XmWv \memw ]Zy-sa¶pw Hc-`n-{]m-b-ap-v. tZhm]n _rl-kv]-Xn-tbmSv ag s]¿n-¡m³ A`yÀYn-¨p-sImv C¡m- cy-¯n X\n-¡p-thn ZqX-\mbn {]hÀ¯n-¡m³ At]-£n-¡p-¶p. tZhm]n Dt±-in-¨Xv bÚ-a-g-bm-bn-cn-¡Ww. cmw ]Zy-¯n _rl-kv]Xn Aánsb ZqX-\mbn Xnc-sª-Sp-¡p-¶p-. tZhm-]n¡p ag s]¿n-¡m-\pÅ a{´-h- N-\hpw \ÂIp-¶p. tZhm]n aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n Cu A\p-{Klw AwKo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw \men i´\p Ah-t\mSv bÚa\p-jvTn-¡m³ ]d-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ASp¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä Cu IY-bpsS hnP-b-I-c-amb ^ew kw{K- ln-¡p-¶p. F«mw ]Zy-¯n kqàw Aán-tZ-h-\n-te¡p Xncn-bp-¶p. tZhm-]n-bpsS BZys¯ At]£ Aán _rl-kv]-Xn¡p ssIam-dp-¶p. hopw Ihn Aán-tbmSv ag Ab-bv-¡m³ At]-£n-¡p¶p (8, 10, 12). AtX-k- -abw {]Xo-£-tbmsS \mw kzoI-cn-¡p¶ ]e Z£n-W-I-sfbpw ]än ]d-bp¶p (9). Ah³ ]n¶oSv C{µ\p sImSp-¡m³ (11) Aán¡p Z£n-W-IÄ \ÂIp-¶p (10). LS\ hfsc hy-à-sa-¦nepw 99-þmw kqà-¯nse DÅ¡w Bt]-£n-I-ambn ZpÀ{K-l-am-Wv. C{µ-kq-à-am- Wn-sX-¦nepw Ah-km-\-]-Zyw-hsc B t]cp ImWm³ \mw Im¯n-cn-t¡-n-h-cp-¶p. cp{Z-·mÀ, hcp-W³ Fs¶ms¡- bp-s-¦nepw s]mXp-hn tZh-Xm-\m-a-§-fn-söp-Xs¶ ]d-bmw. DÅ-h-Xs¶ NneXv D]-am-cq-]-¯n-e-t{X. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§-fn Hcp t]cp-an-Ã. ]n¶oSv A¯cw t]cp-IÄ hcp-¶p-s-¦nepw Ah tZh-i-{Xp-¡-fpsStbm ssZho-IrXa\pjycpsStbm t]cp-IÄam-{X-am-Wv. Ah-sImv Bsc-bm-Wp-t±-in-¨-sX-s¶m¶pw hyà-a-Ã. kqàw ]ptcm-K-an-t¡, ipjvW/IuÕ-\m-a-§Ä {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶-tXmsS C{µsâ Nn{Xw Gsd-¡psd hyàX ssIh-cn- ¡p-¶p. ]t£, At¸mgpw ]e IY-Ifpw A[nIw tIÄ¡m-¯-h-X-s¶. BsI-¡qSn t\m¡p-t¼mÄ bÚ-`q-an- bn-se-¯n-t¨À¶ C{µ-\mWv kqà-hn-j-b-sa¶ {]Xo-Xn-bm-Wp-m-hp-¶-Xv. \qdmw kq-à-¯nsâ Gähpw {][m-\-s¸« khn-ti-jX Ah-km-\t¯-Xn-sem-gnsI BZys¯ ]Xn-s\m¶p ]Zy-§-fn-ep-apÅ ]qÀW-]m-Z-]-Ã-hn-bm-Wv: ""B kÀh-XmXnaZnXnw hrWo-atl'' (R-§Ä kpJhpw \nc-]-cm-[n- Xzhpw hcn-¡p-¶p.) BZyw Cu ]Ã-hn-bpsS AÀYw kqà-¯nsâ DÅ-S-¡-hp-ambn _Ô-an-söp tXm¶p-sa- ¦nepw kqàw ]ptcm-K-an-¡th AXv IqSp-X hyà-ambn hcp-¶p-v. tkma-b-Ú-s¯bpw AXn ]-s¦-Sp- ¡p¶ tZh-·m-sc-bpw, hntijn¨v C{µ-s\-bpw (1) hmbp-shbpw (2), sImm-Sp-¶-tXmsS kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p¶p. bÚ-{]-hÀ¯-\-¯n\p t{]c-I-\mb khn-Xm-thm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ (1, 3) {]mXxkh-\-am-Wn-hnsS Dt±-in-¡p-¶-sX¶v CXp-sImp hyà-am-hp-¶p. ]t£, bÚw shdpw `uXn-I-{]-hÀ¯\w am{X-a-Ã, AXv \½psS sshIm-cn-I-\- ·-bp-am-bn-¡qSn Dä _Ôw ]peÀ¯p-¶-Xm-sW¶p {ItaW t_m[y-am-hp-¶p (5, 6). Ggmw ]Zy-¯n tZh-·m- cpsS ap³]nÂ, \nc-]-cm-[nXzw, Hu]-Nm-cn-I-amb ""kXy-a{´''¯nsâ kz`m-h-¯n-e-sÃ-¦nepw, shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ Øe-am-Wn-sX¶v {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ChnsS-sb-¯p-t¼mÄ ]Ã-hn-bpsS AÀYw kqà-¯nsâ DÅ-S- ¡-hp-ambn t\cn«p _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-sW¶p \ap¡p a\-Ên-em-Ip-¶p. A§s\ \½psS \nc-]-cm-[nXzw Dd-¸n-¡- s¸Sp-t¼mÄ, \ap¡p hcp¶ A]-I-S-§Ä CÃm-Xm-¡-W-sa¶-t]-£n¡mw (8-þ9). ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw ia-t\m-]m-b-hp- saÃmw AXn-epÄs¸-Sp-¯mw (10). tkma-b-Úw Cu At]-£-IÄs¡Ãmw hgn-sbm-cp-¡p-Ibpw bÚ-L-S-I- §Ä Ah- \nd-th-äp-sa¶p ]nSn-¡-Ãp-IÄ¡pw (8-þ9) tkma-¯n-\pÅ ]mÂan-{i-W-¯n\pw (10) sImSp-¡p¶ {]m[m-\y-¯nÂ\n¶p shfn-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ]Xn-s\m¶mw ]Zy-¯n bÚ-¯nsâ kt´m-j-I-c-amb ]cn-k-am]vXnbmWv. Ah-km-\-]Zy¯nsâ ]qÀhmÀ[w Aán-tbm-sS¶p tXm¶n-¡p¶ kwt_m-[-\bpw D¯- cmÀ[w Zm\-kvXp-Xn-t]m-epÅ H¶pw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. tkma-b-Ú-]p-tcm-ln-X-·msc kwt_m-[\ sN¿p¶ 101-þm-as¯ at\m-l-c-kqàw BZyw X§-fpsS bÚ- {]-hÀ¯-\s¯ ]e-Xcw Imbn-Im-[zm-\-§-fp-ambn, hnti-jn¨v ImÀjn-Im-[zm-\-§-fp-am-bn, kmZriy-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p (3þ4). At¸mÄ, tkma-sam-cp-¡p-¶-Xns\ ]ip-¡Ä¡p-thn InW-dnÂ\n¶p shÅw tImcp-¶-Xp-ambn Xc-X-ay- s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p (5-þ7). tkmaw X¿m-dm-¡Â amdn-am-dn-h-cp¶ ]e _nw_-I-ev]-\-I-fn-eqsS apt¶-dp-¶p (8-þ10). ssewKn- I-¨p-h-bpÅ Hcp tPmSn ]Zy-§-tfmsS kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯nsâ aq¶p hmfy-§-fn-epÅ k¼qÀWmw-K-e-hnhÀ¯\¯nsâ IÀ¯m-¡-fmb Fkv. U»yp. Pman-kWpw sP. ]n. s{_sd-«Wpw 102-þmw kqà-¯nsâ hymJym-\-¯nÂ, hnti-jn¨v CXnsâ hn\n-tbm-K-IÀa- ¯nÂ, A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-Å-h-cm-I-bm AhÀ cp-t]cpw {]tXy-I-ambn Hmtcm BapJw Fgp-Xn-t¨À¡- bmWv sNbvX-Xv. tXÀ-¸-´-b-¯n apZvK-e³, C{µsâ klm-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn, tXm¸n¡-s¸-Sm-\pÅ {ia-§-fp- m-bn«pw, \nÀWm-b-I-amw-hn[w hnPbw hcn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ tXcmfn `mcy apZvK-em-\n-bm-bn-cp-¶p (2). tXcp hen-¡p¶ kwL-¯n ho¼n-f-¡p-Ibpw ZpjvS-ambn \nb-{´n-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw Ne-\-i-àn-bn-Ãm¯ ac-¡-jvWw- sImp \pI-¯n sI«-s¸SpIbpw sNbvX Hcp Imf-bpw -D-m-bn-cp-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p (9-þ10). apZvK-em\n `À¯m-hns\ hos-Sp-¡p-Ibpw AhÀ¡v hyà-amb DÀh-cX hfÀ¶p-h-cn-Ibpw sN¿p¶p (11). Ah³ ""\\- bv¡p-I''bpw AhÄ ""hoÀ¡pI''bpw sN¿p-¶p. k´-Xnsb P\n-¸n-¡m-¯Xp-sImv AhÄ Hcn-¡Â Hgn-hm-¡- s¸« `mcy-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A\pÀh-cX amdn-¡n-«p-¶-Xn\v AXnhocy-hm-\mb C{µ-sâbpw tXcp-h-en-¡p¶ Imf-bp- sSbpw ""klm-b-''apmbncp-¶p-sh-¶-Xn\v kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw Du¶Â \ÂI-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p ({]-tXy-In-¨v, 4þ6). tXÀh-en-¡p¶ Imfbpw tXcm-fn-bmb apZvK-em-\nbpw X½nepÅ ssewKn-I-¨p-h-bpÅ _Ô-hÀW\ ]e ]Zy-§- fnepw Ak-ly-amw-h-®w-X-s¶-bp-v. Imfbp-/C{µ\p-þam-bpÅ k¼À¡w apZvK-e\v ssewKn-I-iàn hosSp- ¡m³ \nan-¯-am-Ip-¶p. bP-am-\-]Xv\nbpsS kPo-h-amb bÚ ]¦m-fn¯w Cu kqà-¯nep-s¶v Pman- k¬ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ""\ntbmK'' (a-cn-¡p-Itbm ssewKn-I-ti-jn-bn-Ãm-Xm-hp-Itbm sNbvX `À¯m-hn-\p-thn tZh-c³ þ `À¯m-hnsâ A\p-P³ þ tPyjv]-Xv\n-bn k´Xyp-ev]m-Z\w \S-¯pI F¶ IÀaw) ¯nemWv Cu kqà-¯nsâ hn\ntbmKsa¶v s{_sd-«¬ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. apZvK-e³ ssewKn-I-tijnbnÃm-¯-h-\m-bn-cp- ¶p. Imf-bpsS ""hn{Inb''/ C{µsâ klm-bw ImcWw AXv hop-In-«p-¶p. km{µhpw AXn-{Im-a-I-hp-amb Icp-t¯mSpw hnP-b-i-àn-tbm-Spw-Iq-Snb Hcp ssk\n-I-kq-àw (103). kqà- -¯nsâ BZy-`m-K-§Ä C{µs\ AtNm-Zy-\mb hnP-bn-bmbn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ssieo-]-c-ambn Cu `mKw BhÀ¯-\w-sImpw, {]tXy-In¨v Hcp ]Zy-¯nsâ Ah-km\w ASp¯ ]Zy-¯nsâ BZy-am-bn- h-cp-¶ -co-Xn-bn- epÅ A´m-Zn-{]m-kw, sImv AS-bm-f-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. bp²-tcm-j-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ 10. 84-þmw kqàhpw Cu ]c- kv]-c-_-Ôw ImWn-¡p-¶p. Cu coXn-bn ]Zy-§sf Xp¶n-t¨À¡p-¶Xv Hcp am{´n-I-I-hNw krjvSn-¡p-¶p. kqàw ]ptcm-K-an-t¡, C{µ-\n-epÅ kmI-en-I-amb tI{µo-I-cWw amdp-Ibpw C{µsâ amXrI R§-fpsS tbm²m- ¡Ä¡p bp²-ho-cyw \ÂIm³ {]tNm-Z-\-am-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-Xn-te-s¡-¯p-¶p. cmw ]Zy-¯n BZyw R§- fp-sS- BÄ¡msc kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p-v. ]t£ Bdnepw 10-þ13 ]Zy-§-fn-ep-amWv R§-fpsS a\p-jy-cn C{µsâ s]cp-amä¯nsâbpw ssh-Z-Kv[y-§-fp-sSbpw ss[cy-¯n-sâbpw bYmÀY-amb kzm[o\w {]mtbm-Kn-I- ambn ImWp-¶-Xv. 104-þmw kqà-¯nsâ Ihn hnizm-an-{Xsâ ]n³ap-d¡m¡mc-\p-ambn XmZm-ßy-s¸-Sp-¯-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. hnizm- an-{X-]-Ã-hn-tbmsS kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. bm{Xm-kq-à-¯nsâ a«n-em-WnXpw cNn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. C{µ³ Xsâ IpXn-c-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn tkma-kh\-¯n-te¡p hcp-¶p. bÚ-¯n tkmaw-t]mse {][m-\-amWv kvXpXn-Im-hy-sa¶p kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw Du¶p-¶p-v. Ah-km-\-`m-K¯v F«mw ]Zyw apX hr-{X-IY, hnti- jn¨v hr{X-h-[m-\-´-c-w C{µ³ shÅw Xpd-¶p-hn-Sp-¶- `mKw, {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. 105-þmw kqà-¯nse hr¯w A\n-b-X-hpw- ]-Zym-\p-]Zyw an¡hmdpw hyXy-kvX-hp-am-Wv. hymJy-\-t`-Z- §Ä¡nSw \ÂIp-¶-XmWv {]ta-b-hpw. ]mTw ZpjvS-a-sÃ-¦n ssieo-]-c-ambn ]e {] iv\-§-fp-ap-Å-Xm-Wv. Ah- bn an¡-Xpw- C-\nbpw ]cn-l-cn-¡-s¸-«n-«p-an-Ã. kqàw- G-Xmv C{µs\ ]cn-l-kn-¡p-¶Xp-t]m-em-bn-«p-v. ]nwK- e-¡p-Xn-c-Isf hÀWn-¡p¶ 2þ5 ]Zy-§-fn CXp {]I-S-am-Wv. Cu IpXn-c-I-fn-sÃ-¦n C{µ³ H¶p-a-sÃ-¶mWv ]d-ªp-h-cp-¶-Xv. IpXn-c-I-fm-W-h-sâ- A-`n-am-\w (3-þ4). Bbp-[-s¯bpw (6-þ7) bÚ-s¯bpw (8-þ10) ]än ]d- bp¶ `mK-§fmWv C{µ\p ]Xn-hp-a-lna t\Sn-s¡m-Sp-¡p-¶-Xv. kqàw 106. EtKz-Z-¯nse Gä-hpw- hn-jaw ]nSn-¨ kqà-am-Wn-sX¶ Imcy-¯n kwi-b-an-Ã. 2. 39 F¶ Aizn-kq-à¯nse¶t]mse ChnsSbpw D]-a-I-fp-sS -Hcp tLmj-bm-{X-X-s¶-bm-Wv. Hmtcm ]Zy-¯n-sebpw Hmtcm ]mZ-¯nepw Hmtcm D]-a. Cc-«-tZ-h-·msc arK-§-tfmSpw a\p-jy-tcmSpw ico-cm-h-b-h-§-tfmSpw {]m]-©n-I-k-hn- ti-j-X-I-tfm-Sp-saÃmw Xmc-Xayw sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. \nÀ`m-Ky-h-im `mjbpw ssienbpw At§-bäw ZpÀL- Shpw ZpÀ{K-l-hp-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. k¼qÀWmw-K-e-`m-jm-hn-hÀ¯-IÀ 5þ8 ]Zy-§Ä XÀP-a-sN-¿msX aqew sNcn- h£-c-¯n ]IÀ¯n-bn-cn-¡-bmWv. ]t£, ChnsS ]mc-¼-cy-co-Xn-bn EtKz-Z-a-`y-kn¨ H. Fw. kn. \mcm-b-W³ \-¼q-Xn-cn-¸mSv kmb-Wm-\p-km-cn-bmb Xsâ `mjm-`m-jy-¯n Ch hymJym-\n-¨n-«p-v. AXv Aev]-kzev]w hyXym- k-§tfmsS Rm\n-hnsS kzoI-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. 107-þmw kqàw Z£n-W-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Cu AXncp Ihn-ª- kvXpXn-IÄ Ihn-bpsS Xmev]-cy-§-fm-em-Wv. bP-am-\³ bÚ-¯n IÀaw \nÀhln¨ hnhn-[-]p-tcm-ln-X-·mÀ¡p Z£nW \ÂIp-¶p. bP-am-\-sâ- ]m-cn-tXm- jn-I-¯nÂ\n-s¶mcp `mKw X\n-¡pw -In-«p-¶p-sh-¶-XmWv IhnbpsS Xmev]-cyw. kqàw Z£nW F¶ {]ta-b- ¯nÂ\n¶p amdp-¶-tX-bn-Ã. \ÂI-s¸-Sp-¶ Z£nW, \ÂIp-¶-h\v am\-kn-Ihpw `uXn-I-hp-amb Af-hä t\«- §Ä ssIh-cp-¯pw. Z£n-W-bpsS aqey-t¯-¡mÄ A[n-I-am-bn-cn¡pw AXv. A§s\ Cu kqàw Z-£nW \ÂIm³ bP-am-\-·m-À¡p t{]cI-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. kqàw 108 kphn-Zn-Xhpw B\-µ-{]-Z-hp-amb kw`m-j-W-kq-à-am-Wv. cq]-tcJ hyà-sa-¦nepw hni-Zmw-i- §Ä A{X hyàaÃm¯ Hcm-Jym-\-¯n-sâ- a-[y-¯n-em-Wv Cu kw`m-jWw \S-¡p-¶-Xv. ]Wn-IÄ ]ip-¡sf Kpl-bn IpSp-¡n. C{µ-\pw -{]m-No-\-ssh-Zn-I-E-jn-Ifpw ]ip-¡sf tamNn-¸n-¡m³ B{K-ln-¡p-¶p. AXp-sImv C{µ³ Xsâ kca F¶ \mbsb ]Wn-Isf sIWn-bn s]Sp-¯m\pw ]ip-¡-sf- hn-«-b-bv¡m³ Bh-iy-s¸- Sm\pw thn Ab-bv¡p-¶p. Ah-km\w C{µ\pw Ejn-amcpw (Aw-Kn-c-Êp-Ifpw \h-Kz-·m-cpw)- Xs¶ ]Wn-IÄ ]ip-¡sf Hfn-¸n¨ Øe-t¯¡p hcp-¶p. AhÀ X§Ä cNn-¡p-Ibpw ]mSp-Ibpw sNbvX kqà-§-fpsS iàn-bn-eqsS Kpl Xpd¶p. C{µs\ ChnsS _rl-kv]Xn F¶mWv ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xv. Dj-Êp-I-fpsS hchpw ChnsS hÀWn-¡p-¶p-v.- X-sâ -kq-à¯nsâ iàn-sIm-mWv ]ip-¡sf hosSp-¡p-¶-sX¶v Ihn kqNn-¸n- ¡p-¶p. 109-þm-as¯ Cu eLp-kqàw hf-sc-tbsd NÀ¨bv¡p hgn sXfn-¨n-«p-v. kqà-¯nsâ hnjbw 2þ7 ]Zy- §-fn hyà-ambn ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸« ""{_Ò-Pmb-'' ({_-mÒW]Xv\n) AYhm ""lkvX-Krly'' (ssI-sImp ]nSn-t¡p-¶-hÄ)bm-Ip-¶p. bP-am-\-]-Xv\nsb bÚm-\p-jvTm-\-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¸n-¡-Wtam F¶ ]n¡m-e¯v Gsd NÀ¨ sN¿-s¸« hnj-bhpambn _Ô-s¸-«-XmWv Cu kqà-sa¶t{X Pman-k¬-þ-sâ -A-`n-{]m-bw. Cu ]pXnb coXn-bpsS A]-I-S-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw Ihn¡p t_m[-ap-v. 1, 7 ]Zy-§-fn {]mb-Ýn-¯s¯-¸än ]d-bp- ¶Xp t\m¡p-I. Ahsf `À¯m-hnÂ\n¶p thÀs]-Sp-¯p-¶Xv sXäm-sW¶ ho£-W-amWv ChnsS hyà-am-Ip- ¶-Xv. tZh-·m-cp-am-bpÅ Ah-fpsS hnhm-lm-\-´-c-_Ôw Ahsf hy`n-Nm-cn-Wn-bm-¡p-I-X-s¶-btÃ? 2þ6 ]Zy-§- fn tZh-·mÀ Ahsf Xncn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¯p-sh¶pw 7þ {]mb-Ýn¯w \S-¯n-sb¶pw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p-s-¦nepw sXäv sXä-Ãm-Xm-hp-¶n-Ã. 3þ5 ]Zy-§-fn {_mÒ-W-]-Xv\n-bpsS bÚ-`q-an-bnse {]hÀ¯-\-§-sf-¡p-dn¨p hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n ]ip-b-Ú-¯n-epÅ Ah-fpsS {]hÀ¯-\-amWv ]cm-aÀi-hnjb-sa¶v Hcp ho£-W-ap-v. 110þm-a-t¯Xv B{]o-kq-àw. kqàw 111, Hcp hi-¯v, t\sc efn-X-sa¦nepw Iem-]-c-ambn C{µsâ Gähpw {]kn-²-amb Nne hoc-Ir-Xy- §-sf-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. he-]p-cm-hr-¯hpw ]ip-¡sf/ Dj-Êns\ kzX-{´-am-¡p-¶Xpw (3-þ4) hr{X-]p-cm-hr-¯hpw shÅw- Xp-d-¶p-hn-Sp-¶Xpw (6, 8þ10) hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. aäp ]eXpw ]cm-aÀin-¨p- t]m-Ip-¶p: kzÀKhpw `qanbpw Dd- ¸n-¡p-¶Xpw Xm§n-\nÀ¯p-¶Xpw (4-þ5), ipjvW-h[w (5) F¶n-h. Nne-t¸mÄ hr{X-I-Ybpw he-]p-cm-hr-¯hpw X½n kµn-Kv[-kz-`mhw hcm-dp-v. adp-h-i-¯v, {]tXy-In¨pw BZys¯ GXm\pw ]Zy-§-fn Ihn-X-Ifpw IÀa-§-fpw-X-½n {]Xn-{]-hÀ¯\w \S-¡pw. ]Zyw H¶n C{µs\ Xsâ IÀa-§Ä kXy-am-¡m³ DWÀ¯p- ¶p. cnÂ, IhnX apt¶m-«p-t]mbn IÀa-§sf {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw aq¶n Xsâ IrXy-§Ä Ihn-I-fnÂ\n¶p In«p¶ {]tNm-Z-\-§ÄsIm-m-sW¶ C{µ³Xs¶ Icp-Xp-¶-Xmbn shfn-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ XpSÀ¶-h-cp¶ `mK-§-fn Cu Bibw amªp-t]m-Ip-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. 112 {]mXx-tkm-a-k-h-\-¯n-te¡v (1) C{µs\ -£-Wn-¨p-sIm-pÅ km{¼-ZmbnI-amb Hcp kqàw. C{µ³ R§-fpsS bÚ-¯n-te¡p ]nwK-e-¡p-Xn-c-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn hc-W-sa¶v 2, 4 ]Zy-§-fn ]-d-bp-¶p. tkmaw IpSn- ¡Wsa¶p ]d-ªp-sImv AXv \ÂIp-I-bmsW¶p hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ]e-t¸mgpw ]Xn-hpÅ t]mse, {]Xn-tbm- Kn-I-fmb bP-am-\-·mÀ C{µs\ t{]cn-¸n-t¨-¡m-sa¶ D¡WvT tcJs¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. X§-fpsS tkma-¯nsâ Nmcp-Xm-]-c-amb Hu¶Xyw Adn-bn-¡p-I-bmWv XpSÀ¶v (7). tkmamÀ¸W-t¯m-sSm-¸w -C-{µ-sâ Nne hoc-IÀa-§- fpsS kvXpXnbpap-hp-sa¶ Ihn-bpsS hmKvZm\w (8, 1), C{µ-\nÂ\n¶p ]I-c-ambn {]Xo-£n-¡p¶ HuZmcyw (10) F¶n-hbpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. C{µ³ alnX-am-b- IÀa-§Ä, hnti-jn¨v hr{X-h[w (2þ3, 6-þ8), BWv 113-þmw kqà-¯nse {]Xn-]m-Zyw. ]t£, C{µ-sâ- ho-c-Ir-Xy-§-fn aäp tZh-·m-cpsS kw`m-h-\-IÄ¡v ChnsS Du¶Â \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p: Zymhm- ]r-Ynho (1), hnjvWp (2), an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mÀ (5), acp-¯p-¡Ä (2-þ3, 6). C{µ\pw hnhn-[-tZh-·mcpw X½n-epÅ ]¦m-fn-¯-§fpsS hÀW-\-bn Ihn C{µ\pw ka-Im-en-I-I-hn-Ifpw bP-am-\-·mcpw X½n-epÅ kam-\-_-Ôs¯ Øm]n-¡p-¶p. 8þmw ]Zy-¯n kvXpXn-Im-hy-§fpw tkma-hpw-sImv C{µs\ iàn-s¸-Sp-¯nb-Xv hn-tiz-tZ-h- ·mcmsW¶p ]d-bp-¶p, H³]Xmw ]Zy-¯n Ihn kl-]p-tcm-ln-X-I-hn-I-sf kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sImv ]¦m- fn-¯-¯nse ]c-kv]-c-{]-hÀ¯-\-§-sf-¸än DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]I-c-ambn C{µ³ a\p-jyÀ¡v klmbw sN¿p- ¶ amXr-Ibpw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-am-bn- ]¯mw ]Zy-¯n X\n¡p km[-\-§Ä A`yÀYn-¨p-sImv C{µ-s\ -t\-cn«p kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Ihn X\n-¡p-th-n-bÃ, Xsâ c£n-Xm-hn\p-th-n-bmWv Ch A`yÀYn- ¡p-¶-sX-¶-XmWv ck-I-cw. AXp-sImv c£n-Xmhv ]I-c-ambn Ah\v DNn-X-amb {]Xn-^ew \ÂIp-sa¶v Duln- ¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqàw 114. bÚ-¯nsâ \nKq-Vm-ß-I-hn-h-c-Ww. B \nKq-V-X-IÄ \nÀ`m-Ky-h-im Ct¸mgpw ]cn-l-cn- ¡-s¸-«n-«nÃ. bÚ-L-S-I-§fpw {]m]-©nItemI-L-S-I-§fpw ]c-kv]cw A`n-¶-am-sW¶p hyà-am-Wv. Cu ssien H¶mw ]Zy-¯n hnti-jn¨pw sXfn-bp-¶p. XpSÀ¶pÅ ]Zy-§-fn kwJym-im-kv{Xw- Iq-Sn-¡qSn hcp- ¶p. H¶mw-]-Zy-¯n cp LÀa-§Ä, cn aq¶p \ncr-Xn-IÄ, aq¶n \mep saS-ªn« apSn-Ifpw cp ]cp- ´p-I-fpw. 4þ5 -ap-X F®-¯n Xncn-adn \S-¡p-¶p. H¶p-am{Xw ImWp¶ efn-X-a-\-kvI-\mb Ihn (4) {]tNm-Zn- X-I-hn-I-tfmSpw Ejn-I-hn-I-tfm-Sp-sam¸w (5) AXns\ ]e Xc-¯nem¡p-¶p. kqà¯nse ]e \nKq-V-X-Ifpw hni-Zmw-i-§-fn Ahy-à-sa-¦nepw \ap¡v Cu ]Zy-¯n kqà-¯n A´Àln-X-amb ktµiw ImWmw. B DÄ¡m-gv¨bv¡pw AXnsâ hmNn-I-cq-]-amb Ihn-Xbv¡pw {]Xy-£-tem-I-¯n\p cq]hpw _lp-Xzhpw sImSp- ¡m-\pÅ Ign-hp-v. 115-þmw kqà-¯n km{µhpw hmIy-hn-\ym-k-]-c-ambn h{Io-Ir-X-hp-amb Aán-bpsS kzm`m-hn-Ihpw bÚ- ]-c-hp-amb hi-§fpsS hnh-cW§fpw AtX tZhsâ efn-X-amb kvXpXn-{]-Jym-]-\-§fpw CS Ie-cp-¶p. kqàw ]e hyXy-kvX-amb ka-b-§-fn Ah-km-\n-¡p¶ {]XoXn \ÂIp-¶p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn tZhs\ klm- b-¯n\p hnfn-¡p¶ A©mw ]Zyw Hcp kqàm-´y-]-Zy-¯nsâ coXn-bn-em-Wv. hnhn-[-hr-¯-\n-_-²-§-fmb 7þ9 F¶ Ah-km-\-]-Zy-§Ä kqà-¯n\p kam-´-c-amb aq¶v A´y-§Ä \ÂIp-¶p. 1þ4, 6 F¶o- hn-h-c-W-]-Zy- §fmI-s«, [oc-amb _nw_-I-ev]-\-Ifpw D]-am-þ-tÇ-jm-Zy-e-¦m-c-a-t\m-l-c-§-fp-am-Ip-¶p. 116 C{µ-s\ -tkm-a-]m-\-¯n\p £Wn-¡p-¶Xpw tkma-]m-\-¯n-\p-tijw Ah-\nÂ\n¶p ]I-c-ambn {]Xo- £n-¡p-¶Xpamb {]ta-b-¯n¯s¶ tI{µo-I-cn-¡p¶ Hcp-hn[w EPp-hmb kqàw. BZys¯ \mep ]Zy- §Ä £Ww hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 5þ6 ]Zy-§Ä tkma-]m\w \ÂInb iàn X§-fpsS i{Xp-¡fpsS \n-{K-l-¯n-\p-]- tbm-Kn-¡m³ Ah-t\m-S-t]-£n-¡p-¶p. 7þ8 ]Zy-§-fn £Ww BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. H³]-Xn tZh-·m-sc -Nq-Xp-I- tfm-Sp-]-an-¡p¶ kpµ-c-am-sbm-c-e-¦m-c-t¯msS kqàw D]-kw-l-cn-¡p-¶p. 117 hnj-b-¯nepw kzc-¯nepw Akm-[m-c-W-amb kqàamWv. CXv Hcp tZh\pw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-X-Ã. ""A¶- Zm-\-{]-iwk'' F¶v A\p-{I-a-Wn. ]t£ kqà-¯n Hcp tZh-X-sbtbm Znhy-i-àn-I-sftbm ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶n- Ã. CXv EtKz-Z-¯n¯-s¶ -Hä-Xn-cn-ªp-\n¡p¶ kµÀ`-am-sW¶p ]d-bmw. tZh-·mÀ hcp-¶Xv BZy-]-Zy- ¯nÂam-{Xw. AXp-Xs¶ ]tcm-£-ambpw. ]I-cw, a\p-jyÀX-½n-epÅ kulr-Z-¯n-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb _Ô-¯nepw Bh-iy-ap-Å-h\p \ÂIp-¶-h-t\m-SpÅ IS-¸m-Sn-ep-amWv Du¶n-bn-«p-Å-Xv. 3þ4, 6 ]Zy-§Ä hnti-jn¨pw t\m¡p- I. a\p-jyÀ X½n \¶mbn s]cp-am-dpI F¶-XmWv D]-tZ-iw. DZm-c-X-bv¡pÅ hmZw cp Xc-¯n-em-Wv. Bß- Xm-ev]-cy-¯n-emWv AXv. Hcp-h-i-¯v, \ÂIp-¶Xv \ÂIp-¶-h\v Hcp-]-{Z-hhpw sN¿n-Ã. AXv Ahsâ JP-\mhv iq\y-am-¡p-¶p-an-Ã. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n B at\m-`mhw hyà-am-¡p-¶p-v. 7þ8 ]Zy-§-fnepw A´À[m-c-bmbn CXp-s¶p tXm¶p-¶p. adp-h-i-¯v, \ÂIm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xv A\p-Zm-c\p icn¡pw Ip-g¸apm-¡p-w. `mKn-I-ambn Cu Ipg¸w Hä-s¸-S-em-Wv. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n ""tIh-emtLm `hXn tImh-emZo'' (H-äbv¡p Xn¶p-¶-h³ shdpw ]m]n-b-t{X) F¶n-§s\ CXv kw£n-]vX-abn ]d-ªn-«p-v. Hcm-fpsS `mKy-¯n\pw amäw hcmw (5). C¶p k¼- ¶\pw \¶mbp-®p-¶-h\pw \msf adn-¨m-sb¶p ht¶-¡mw. AXp-sImv FÃm-h-cpambn kulr-Z-¯n Ign- bp-Ibpw \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-XmWv \¶v. \msf kmlN-cy-§Ä amdmw. sImSp-¡p-¶-h\pw hm§p-¶-h\pw Ft¸mgpw A§-s\-¯s¶ Bh-W-sa-¶n-Ã-tÃm. kqàw 118. A\p-{I-aWn ct£m-lm-án-bmWv tZh-X-sb¶p ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw tZh-sâ Cu hiw Cu kqà-¯n hfsc Npcp-¡n-bmWp ImWp-¶-Xv þ 1, 7þ8 F¶o ]Zy-§-fnÂ. aäp ct£m-lm-án-kq-à-§-fnse in£-I-sfm¶pw ChnsS ImWm-\n-Ã. {]im-´-amb bÚ-¯nsâ ASp-¸n FÃm-än-t\mSpw kt´m-j-]qÀhw k{i²w {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw kvtXmXm-¡Ä \ÂIp¶ s\bv-l-hn-Êp-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ Aán-bmWv ChnsS hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. A´m-Zn-{]m-k-Ñmb Cu kqà-¯n Im-Wmw. kqàw 119. e_-i-_vZw-sIm-s-´m-Wp-t±-in-¡p¶ Imcy-¯n A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-§-fp-v. AXv Hcp ]£- nbm-sW¶v Hc-`n-{]m-bw. a®m-¯n¸pÅv,- I-XnÀIm-Wm-¸£n F¶n-§-s\- AÀYw ]d-ªp-Im-Wp-¶-p. AXnsâ Bß-kvXpXn (Bß{]-iwk)bmWv kqàw. Ihn-bpsS t]cm-W-sX¶pw ]£-ap-v. tkma-e-l-cn-bn e_-cq-]- sa-Sp¯ C{µ-\mWv Ihnbpw kqà-¯nsâ hàm-hp-sa-¶-mWv asämcp ]£w. Ihn-bpsS km¶n[yw kqà- ¯n hyà-am-Wv. tkmaw IpSn¨p a¯-\mb hàmhv el-cn- Xs¶ taevt]m-«p-bÀ¯p-¶-Xmbn ]d-bp¶p (1-þ3). P\-§Ä ImWm³ h¿m-¯{X sNdpXpw \nÊm-chp-ambn tXm¶p¶p (6). {]]-©-s¯-¯s¶ ad-bv¡p-amdv hep- XmWv Ahsâ NndIpIÄ (7, 11). btYÑw `qansb {]]-©¯nse§pw Nen¸n¡m³ X\n¡p Ign-hpv (8-þ10). aZm-h-Ø-bn-epÅ C{µ³ bÚ-Ø-e-¯p-s¶v ]Zyw 12-þ Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. D]-kw-lmccq]amb ]Xnaq¶mw ]Zyt¯msS kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. Cu ]Zyw lhy-hm-l-\mb Aán-bp-tS-Xm-sW¶p hyà-am-¡-s¸-«n-«p- v. C{µ-sâbpw Aán-bp-sSbpw A`n-¶Xzw ]e kqà-§-fnepw ImWm-hp-¶-Xn-\m Cu Aáy-`n-¶-\mb e_- cq-]-sa-Sp¯ C{µ-\mWv Bß-kvXp-Xn-cq-]-amb Cu kqà-¯nsâ Ihn F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv sXäm-hn-Ã. kqàw 120. C{µsâ i-àn-I-sfbpw hnP-b-§-sfbpw ap³\nÀ¯n Ah-s\-¡p-dn¨v \S-¯p¶ Hcp-hn[w EPp-hmb kqà-am-Wn-Xv. C{µ\pw Ahsâ hm¡p-sImv DuÀP-kz-e-cmb klm-bn-Ifpw X½n-epÅ _Ô- ¯n\v Du¶Â \ÂIp-¶p. Cu _Ôw ]c-¼-cm-K-X-ambn XpSÀ¶p-t]m-cp-¶-Xm-Wv. C{µ³ AXyp-¶-X-\m-Wv. AtX kabw ]c-kv]cw {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-¶-h-\p-am-Wv.- C-¡m-cy-¯n klm-bn-IÄ Ahs\ hmgv¯p-Ibpw Ahsâ hoc- IÀa-§Ä¡p tIm« sI«p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (1-þ4). klm-bn-I-fpsS t]À ]d-bp-¶n-Ã. {]kn-²-amb hr{X-þ-h-e-]p-cm- hr-¯-§-fn acp-¯p-¡-fp-sS-bpw -Aw-Kn-c-Êp-I-fp-sSbpw kwL-§-fmWv C{µs\ klm-bn-¡p-Ibpw t{]mÕm- ln-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-Xv. A§s\ Cu cp kwL-§fpw CXn s]Spwp. a\p-jy-cmb Ihn-Ifpw Cu Znhy- kw-L-§-fn-ep-v (4). A©mw ]Zy-¯n Cu t{]mÕm-l\w Gsd hyàn-]-c-am-hp-¶p-v. AhnsS hàmhv hm¡p-sIm-pÅ {]tNm-Z-Isâ thj-sa-Sp-¡p-¶p. CXp Ihn-X-s¶-bm-hmw. ]t£, shdpw a\p-jy-I-hn-bm-h-W- sa-¶n-Ã. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä (8-þ9) kqà-¯nsâ A\p-jvTm-\-k-µÀ`w kw{K-ln-¡p-¶p. ""_rl-±n- h³ Cu ]hn-{X-a-{´-§Ä C{µ-t\mSp ]d-bp¶p'' F¶n-§-s\- F«mw ]Zyw XpS-§p-¶p. 9þepw _rl-±n-h³ Dv. ]t£, ""Ghm alm³ _rl-±nthm AYÀhmthmNXv kzmw X\z-an-{µ-tah'' (C-{]-Imcw alm\pw AYÀh-]p-{X-\p- amb _rl-±n-h³ Xs¶-¯s¶ þ AXmbXv C{µ-s\-¯s¶ þ kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp) F¶n-§s\ _rl-±n-h³ C{µ-\m-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. he-IY _rl-kv]-Xnbpw C{µ\pw A`n-¶-\m-sW¶ {]XoXnbpf-hm-¡p-¶p-s¶p {]kn-²-am-Wv. _rl-±n-h³ (Kw-`o-c-amb kzÀK-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³) Ah-b-hmÀ°-¯n-eqsS C{µ-\m-hp-¶-Xn\v XS- Ê-hp-an-Ã. F¶mÂ, kmb-Wm-\p-km-cn-bmb H. Fw. kn. _rl-±n-h³ C{µ-s\ am-{X-amWv C{X hnkvX-cn¨p kvXpXn- ¡p-¶Xv F¶mWv hymJym-\n-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu hymJym\w, \½psS {]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-¯n\v DX-Ip-sa-¦nepw, A{X kpK-a-a-Ã. {]]-t©m-ev]-¯n-kn-²m-´-¯nsâ cq]-¯n-emWo 121-þmw kqàw. ]t£, ChnsS krjvSn-kn-²m-´-¯n-sâ- t]cp ]d-ªn-«nÃ; AYhm t]cn-Ã. tZh-X-bpsS t]cp {]Jym-]n-¨n-«nsænepw, ""Ikvssa tZhmb lhntj hnt[a'' (GXp tZh-s\-bmWv R§Ä lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn kvXpXn-t¡-Xv?) F¶ ]Ã-hn-bnÂ\n¶v Hcp tZhX DbÀ¶p-h- cp-¶p-v. BZy-]-Zy-¯n AXv lnc-Wy-KÀ`-\m-Wv. {_Òm-WvU-sa-¶m-hmw. ]t£, lnc-Wy-KÀ`³ kqcy-\p-am-Wv. Ggmw ]Zy-¯n AXv tZh³ am{X-a-Ã, ""tZh-·m-cpsS {]mW''-\msW¶pw Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n AXv {]Pm- ]-Xn-bm-sW¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. ]t£, Cu ]Zyw ]n¶oSv Iq«n-t¨À¯-Xm-sW¶ {]_-e-amb A`n-{]m-b-ap-v (Cu ]Zyw ]Zw apdn¨p sNmÃm-dn-söv H. Fw. kn. \mcm-b-W³ \¼q-Xn-cn-¸mSv {]kvXm-hn-¡p-¶-XnÂ\n¶p tIc- fobk{¼-Zm-b-a-\p-k-cn¨v Cu ]Zy-¯nsâ {]£n-]vXXzw hyà-am-Ip-¶p). Ii_vZw {]Pm-]-Xn-]-cym-b-ambn ]n¡m- e¯v AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. cmP-Xz-sa¶ Bi-b-hp-ambn Cu kqà-¯n\p _Ô-ap-s¶p hymJym- \n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. cmPym-`n-tj-I-IÀa-t¯msS cmPmhv ]p\ÀP-\n-¡p-¶p-sh-¶mWv k¦-ev]w. Cu kqàw {]kvXp- X-IÀa-¯nsâ LS-I-§Ä ]p\À\nÀan-¡p-¶p. kqà-¯nse KÀ`w (1, 7), `c-W-IÀ¯mhv (1, 2, 3), shÅw (7, 8, 9), KÀ`w [cn-¡p¶ shÅw (7),-A-án-bpsS P·w (7) F¶o ]cm-aÀi-§Ä t\m¡p-I. AÚm-X-\m-a-I-amb X¯zw temIw apgp-h³ hebw sN¿p¶p (4, 5, 10). AXnsâ iàn FÃm Zn¡p-I-fnepw (4), FÃm Pnh-Pm-e-§- fnepw (2, 3, 8) cmPm-hn-s\-t¸mse hym]n-¡p¶p. AXv temIw Dd-¸n¨pw (5) t\scbpw (5, 6) Xm§n-\nÀ¯p-¶p; AXn\p {]mW³ \ÂIp-¶p (2, 7) þ FÃmw cmPmhv sN¿p-¶-t]m-se. A\p-{I-aWn hkn-jvTtâsX¶p ]d-bp¶ 122-þmw kqàw F«mw ]Zy-¯n hkn-jvT]-Ã-hn-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. CXv Hcp-hn[w \ne-hm-c-s¸« Hc-án-kvXpXnbm-Ip-¶p. bÚ-amWv kqà-¯nsâ apgp-h³ tI{µ-hpw. icn-bmbn A\p-jvTn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ bÚ-¯nÂ\n¶pw Aán-tk-h-bnÂ\n¶pw bP-am-\³ kzoI-cn-¡p¶ {]Xn-^-ehpw ap¶n \n¡p-¶p. {]kn-²hpw \nKq-Vm-ß-I-hpamb kqàw. Gsd-¡psd ZpÀ{Kl-am-sW-¦nepw {][m-\-k-hn-ti-j-X-IÄ hyà-am-Wv. hnjbw BZy-]-Zy-¯n¯s¶ \nÀtZ-in-¡p¶p: ""Abw th\x'' (Cu At\z-j-I³). tkma-sâbpw kqcy-sâbpw XmZm-ßy-I-cWw KÔÀh-\mbpw (4, 7) ]£n-bmbpw (5þ6) Iev]n-¡- s¸« Cu At\z-j-Ia[yØ-tZ-h-\n ImWmw. an¡ ]Zy-§fpw tkmat¶m kqcyt¶m tNcpw. th\-sâ- P-\- \hpw Ah³ BZyw {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶ BZy]Zy§fn (1-þ2) CXp ImWmw. Cu At\z-j- I³ HuÕp-Iy-]qÀhw At\z-jn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h-\m-sW-¶-XmWv {it²-bw: `À¯m-hns\ tXSp¶ kv{Xosbbpw (2) A½-am-scbpw (3) t]mse {]tNm-Zn-X-I-hn-IÄ Ahs\ ]n´p-S-cp¶p (1, 4, 6). Cu cpw kv{Xoenw-K-am-I-bm Ihn-I-fpsS kvXpXn-I-fm-bn-cn¡mw ChnsS hnh-£n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. tkmahpw kqcy\pw Ihn-I-fpsS hm¡p-IÄ¡p \nb-X-amb hnj-b-a-t{X. AXp Ign-ªm-es¯ Ah-bpsS {]tabw \ma-cq-]-§-fm-Ip-¶p. \memw ]Zy-¯n At\z-j-Isâ cq]w Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶p. CXp Ihn-Isf {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶p. AtX ]Zy-¯n At\z-j-I³ K-ÔÀh- \mbn Aar-X\ma§Ä Is-¯p-¶p. ]n¶oSv Ggmw ]Zy-¯n CtX KÔÀh³ -kz´w \ma-§-sf-®p-¶p. A´n-a-amb F«mw ]Zy-¯nÂ, tkma s¯/ kqcys\ icn¡pw hn`-Pn-¨-t¸mÄ Ah-bpsS t]sc-s´¶p ]d- bm-\m-hp--¶n-Ã. Ihn-I-fpsS A\p-`q-Xn-I-fn-eq-sS-bmWv \ma-cq-]-§Ä shfn-s¸-Sp-¶-sX-¶p-thWw Icp-Xm³. 124-þm-as¯ Cu kw`m-j-W-kqàw EtKz-Z-¯nse Gähpw NÀ¨ sN¿-s¸-«-h-bn-sem-¶m-Wv. C{µ³ Aánsb A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp-sImv kqàw XpS-§p-¶p (1). XpSÀ¶v Aán adp-]Sn ]d-bp¶p (2). 3þ4 ]Zy-§-sf-¸- än- [m-cmfw A`n-{]mbt`Z-§-fp-v. hcp-W\pw tkma-\p-amWv B cp ]Zy-§-fpsS hàm-¡-Ä. 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fn C{µ³ hàm-hmbn Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶p. bYm{Iaw hcp-W\pw tkma-\p-amWv t{imXm-¡Ä. Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (7-þ9) Ihn-hm-Iy-§-f-t{X. CXmWv s]mXp-hn Pman-k¬-þ-sâ -A-`n-{]mbw. F¶m sh-ÀUÀ«¬- þsâ ]£-¯nÂ, bP-am-\-\mWv H¶mw ]Zy-¯n-se- h-àm-hv. Aán-bpsS adp-]-Sn-bmWv cm-a-t¯-sX¶ Imcy- ¯n At±-l-¯n\v A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xy-k-an-Ã. aq¶v bP-am-\³ ]d-bp-¶-Xv. \mev, Aán-bpsS {]Xn-I-c-Ww. A©mw ]Zyw CXn\v bP-am-\\p ]d-bm-\pÅ D¯-cw. C§s\ 1þ5 ]Zy-§Ä bP-am-\\pw Aánbpw X½n-epÅ kw`m-j- W-sa¶v shÀUÀ«¬. 6þmw ]Zyw bP-am-\-\pw- ]p-Xnb cmPmhpw \S-¯p¶ A´n-a-{]-Jym-]-\sa¶v At±lw ]d- bp-¶p. 7 ]pXnb cmPmhv hcp-W-\p-ambpw 8 C{µ-\p-ambpw XmZmßyw ]qp ]d-bp¶ ]Zy-§Ä. Ah-km-\-]-Zy- amb H³]-Xm-a-t¯Xv Ejn-I-hn-IfpsS hmIyw. kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw DÅ--S-¡--¯nepw AhÀ X-½n A`n-{]m-b- hyXymkw \ne-\n¡p-¶p. 125 hmKvtZ-h-X-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ asämcp {]i-kvX-kq-àw. Bß-kvXp-Xn-cq-]¯n-ep-Å-Xm-Wn-Xv. kqàw XpS- §p-¶Xv X\n¡v cp{Zm-Zn-kw-L-tZ-h-·m-cp-sSbpw (1) tkmam-Zn-hy-àn-tZ-h-·m-cp-sSbpw (2 ]qÀhmÀ[w) a\p-jy-\mb bP-am-\-sâbpw (2 D¯-cmÀ[w) kJy-ap-s¶ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-t¯m-sb-bmWv. XpSÀ¶v AhÄ hmKzn-`m-K-§-sf- ¸än ]d-bp¶p (3). ]t£,- ]-Xn-hp-co-Xn-bn-e-Ã. 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fmWv kqà-¯nsâ tI{µ-_n-µp. `£-W-¯n-eq-sS- bmWv Pohn-¡p-¶-Xv. `£Ww Ign-¡p¶ AtX hmbn-emWv Xm\p-sa¶v hmKvtZhn kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. X\n¡v Xm\n- jvS-s¸-Sp-¶-hs\ ià\pw a{´-Im-c\pw Ejnbpw Úm\n-bp-am-¡m³ Ign-bpw. ]n¶oSv hmKvtZ-hn-bpsS AJn-e- tem-I-hym-]-\-amWv {]Xn-]mZyw (6-þ8). 126. DÅ-S-¡-§Ä `qcn-`m-Khpw hr¯w cq]s¸-Sp-¯p¶ Hcp efn-X-kq-àw. BZn-Xy-·mtcm hcp-W³, an{X³, Acy-amhv F¶n-htcm BWv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« {][m\tZh-·mÀ. Cu tZh-·mÀ \s½ _p²n-ap-«p-I-fnÂ\n¶p c£n- ¡p-Ibpw A`bw Xcn-I-bpw sN¿p-sa-¶-XmWv kqà-¯nsâ s]mXp-k-tµ-iw. BZn-Xy-]-Ým-¯-e-¯n acp- ¯p-¡-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb cp{Z\pw C{µ\pw Aánbpw aäp tZh-X-I-fmbn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. kpµ-cnbpw kzmK-XmÀl-bp-amb Dj-Ên-\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« F®-aä kqà-§Ä¡p hncp-²-ambn cm{Xn EtKz-Z-¯n Cu Hcp kqà-¯nte (127) sImm-S-s¸-«p-Im-Wp-¶p-Åq. ChnsS cm{Xn hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv Cu IrXnbn ]e-t¸mgpw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-«-t]mse `oI-chpw Acq-]-hp-amb Ccp-«-Ã, Xtâ-Xmb kuµ-cy-§- fpÅ \£{Xm-e-¦r-X-amb \nio-Yn-\n-bm-Wv. 128-þmw kqàw {]Xn-tbm-Kn-b-P-am-\-·m-cpsS bÚ-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ D¡WvT XpS-§-p-Ibpw Adn-bn-¡p- Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä ""aÕ-cn-¡p¶ hnfn-I-fpsS'' kml-N-cy-¯n Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. Bcy- `q-an-I-fnse bP-am-\-·m-À Xm´m-§-fpsS bÚ-§Ä¡v Htc tZh-·msc £Wn-¡p-t¼mgs¯ \nan-j-am-W-Xv. Ihn BZys¯ \mep ]Zy-§-fnepw Xsâ- b-Ú-Imcyw am{Xw HmÀa-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. kqàw ]ptcm-K-an-¡th FXn-Àb-P-am-\-·m-cpsS kzcw `oj-Wn-I-fpsS cq]w ssIs¡m-Åp-¶p. shdp-¡p-¶-hÀ (5), lnwkm-ß-I-ambn bp²- ¯n\p shÃp-hn-fn-¡p-¶-hÀ, (6), i{Xp-¡Ä (9) F¶n-§-s\ AhÀ {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ihn Ah-km\w Ahsc Xncn-¨-b-bv¡p-Ibpw Xs¶ c£n-¡-W-sa-¶-t]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯n-se- G-ähpw {]i-kvXhpw `mc-Xob{]]-©-imkv{Xs¯Êw-_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw Gähpw {][m-\hp- amWv krjvSn-kqàsa¶p {]kn-²-amWv 129-þm-as¯ Cu ]Zy-k-]vX-Iw. t\cn«p Imcy-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-I-bà ChnsS sN¿p-¶-Xv. adn-¨v, Hgn-ªp-am-dp-Itbm [z\n-¸n-¡p-I-tbm- sN-¿p¶ coXn-bmWv Ihn ssIs¡m-n«p-Å-Xv. AXn-\m kqà-¯n\p ]e Xcw hymJym-\-§Ä hcnI kzm`m-hn-Iw. {]]-t©m-ev]-¯n-kq-à-am-sW-¦nepw CXv Hcp \nK-a-\hpw XcmsX kwi-b-§Ä Ah-ti-jn-¸n-¡p-I-bm-sW¶v Ah-km-\-]Zyw hyà-am-¡pw. H¶mw ]Zyw \ntj-[-§-tfm-sS- Xp-S-§p-¶p. BZn-bn kt¯m Akt¯m Øetam kzÀKtam Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. cmw ]Zy- hpw \ntj-[-¯n¯s¶ XpS-§p-¶p. arXyp, Aar-Xyp, cm{Xn-bp-sSbpw ]I-en-sâbpw NnÓ-§Ä F¶n-h-bpsS \ntj-[¯nÂ. aq¶mw ]Zyw `uXnI-ambn H¶pw kw`-hn-¡p-¶n-sö AÀY-¯n\p aqÀ¨-Iq-«p-¶p. Ccp«p am{X- am-bn-cp¶p Ahn-sS. ap«-bpsS cq]-apÅ AXn\p "cq]w'- h-cp-¶-tX-bp-Åq. \men Nn´ B{K-ls¯ DZn-¸n-¡p- ¶-Xmbn ]d-bp-¶p. AXv ""BZn-a-ip¢''ambn tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. krjvSn-bpsS t{kmXÊv CX-t{X. A©mw ]Zy- ¯n BWpw s]®psa¶ hn`-P-\-amWv: ip¢w [cn-¡p-¶-hcpw lhnÊpw BWn-s\bpw aln-a-IÄ (KÀ`w, kzX-t{´-Ñ) s]®n-s\bpw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶p. ]t£, tZh-·mcpw {]]-©-kr-jvSyp-ev]¯n Adn-bp-¶n-à (6). taÂt\m-«-¡m-c³ Dtm CÃtbm F¶Xp-Xs¶ {]iv\-am-Wv. Ds-¦n Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p F¶p kqN\ (7). Npcp-¡-¯n krjvSn-c-lkyw \½psS Nn´bv¡p hnSp-¶p. kqàw 130 BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn s\bv¯nsâ _nw_I-ev]-\bn-eqsS bÚ-{]-hÀ¯-\-§-fpsS krjvSn Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. tZh-·m-cmWv bÚ-¯nsâ cq]w Øm]n-¨-Xv (1, 3). ]nXr-¡fpw C¶s¯ ]ptcm-ln- XcpsS ]qÀhn-I-cmb {]mNo\ Ejn-Ifpw (6) BZyw AXv \nÀh-ln-¨p. 1þ3 ]Zy-§-fn hnh-cn¨ IÀa¯nsâ tcJm-cq]w 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn tZh-·mÀ ]qcn-¸n-¨p. Ah-km-\-s¯-cp ]Zy-§Ä bÚw {Iao-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw Dd- ¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX {]mNo-\ -E-jn-Isfbpw C¶v B ]mX ]n´p-S-cp¶ ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-scbpw A\p-kva-cn-¡p-¶p. I£o-hmsâ ]n·p-d-¡m-c-tâ-XmWo 131-þmw kqà-sa¦nepw I£o-hmsâ Imhyu-Öz-ey-t¯-¡mÄ anI-hpv Cu kqà-¯n-\v, hnti-jn¨v 2þ3 ]Zy-§Ä¡v. am{X-a-Ã, I£o-hmsâ ]Ip-Xn-tbmfw Ihn-X-IÄ Aizn-kq-à-§- fm-Wv. ]Zy-§-fpsS F®w t\m¡n-bm AXn-ep-a-[n-Iw. C{µ\p \t½mSpÅ s]cp-amäw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p¶ 2þ3 ]Zy-§Ä¡v kzev]w- \m-tSm-Sn-Ñm-b h¶n«p-v. 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn Aizn-Ifpw kc-kz-Xnbpw C{µs\ Bhiyw hcp- t¼mÄ klm-bn-¡p-¶-Xmbn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 6þ7 ]Zy-§Ä ku{Xm-a-Wn-b-Ú-¯n D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xmbn ImWp- ¶p. hr¯-]-c-ambn ]eXpw IqSn-¡-eÀ¶ 132-þmw kqàw asäÃm coXn-I-fnepw AXp-t]m-se-¯-s¶-sb-¶mWv Pman-k¬-þsâ A`n-a-Xw. bÚw sN¿p¶ ]ptcm-ln-X-I-hn-bm-bn-cp¶p BZy-Im-es¯ bP-am-\-s\¶pw AbmÄ¡v icn-¡pÅ bÚ-I-c-W-¯n Im-cy-amb ]s¦m-¶p-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-söpw ]n¡me EtKz-Z-L-«-¯n ""kzbw bÚw sN¿p¶'' "]pXnb- -b-P-am-\³' h¶p-sh¶pw AbmÄ c-£n-Xm-hnsâ ]¦pw \nÀhln-¨p-Xp-S-§n-sb-¶p- sam-s¡-bmWv Ah-cpsS hmZw. B "]pXnb bP-am-\-'\mWv Cu kqà-¯n Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-sX¶pw AhÀ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶ ]ptcm-ln-X-\mWv Cu b-P-am-\-s\¶p Xmev]-cyw. an{Xm-h-cp-W-·m-cm- Wv- C-Xnse apJytZh-X-I-sf-¦nepw Zymhm-]r-Yn-hn-Ifpw hcp-W\pw Aizn-Ifpw (1, 6, 4) ChnsS Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸- Sp-¶p-v. Npcp-¡-¯n Ah-cp-sS-sbÃmw Bin-Êp-IÄ Cu "]pXnb bP-am-\'\v e`n-¡p-¶p-s-¶ÀYw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n ¯s¶ CuPm-\-i_vZw BhÀ¯n-¨p-h-cp-¶Xv CXn\v Dt]m-Zv_-I-am-Wv. kzbw bÚw sN¿p-¶-h-\m- WtÃm CuPm-\³. cnepw aq¶nepw H¶n-e-[nIw hn[-¯n Cu ]pXnb bP-am-\³ hcp-¶p-v. F¦nepw 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn Cu A`yq-l-¯n\v XS-Ê-§Ä ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. "ewL-\'-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ ]cm-aÀiw {i²n-¡p-I. hcp- Wsâ Cu s]cp-amäw Ihn \ymbo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xmbpw tXm¶p-¶p. iI-]q-X³ CXp sN¿p-¶-Xmbn A©mw ]Zy- ¯n ]d-bp-¶p. 6þ7 ]Zy-§Ä Cu ]pXnb bP-am\sâ hc-hn ktµ-l-¯nsâ hn¯p-IÄ ]mIp-¶-Xmbn NneÀ¡p tXm¶mw. GXm-bmepw Cu kqàw bÚ-cw-Ks¯ Hcp "hn¹h'¯nsâ Ac-t§-äs¯ Ipdn-¡p-¶- Xmbn hymJym-\n-¡s¸-Sp-¶-Xn sXän-söp tXm¶p-¶p. 133-þmw kqà-¯nsâ Gähpw {][m-\-k-hn-ti-jX BZys¯ Bdp ]Zy-§-fnse ]Ã-hn-bt{X: ""\`-´m-a-\y- tIjmw PymIm A[n-[-\zkp'' (i{Xp-¡fpsS sNdnb hnÂRm-Wp-IÄ hnÃp-I-fn s]m«n-s¯-dn-¡s«!) Zi-cm- -Pbp²-§-fnse t\Xr-cm-Pm-hnsâ t]cmWv kpZmkv. C{µ³ Ah-\p-th-n-bmWv bp²w sNbvX-Xv. Cu kqà-¯nse BZy-s¯ -aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä iIz-co-hr-¯-¯n-em-bXv bmZr-Ñn-I-am-hn-Ã. ""iIz-cn-bnepÅ Kw`o-c-amb \ne-hnfn''bmWv C{µ-s\ -bp-²-¯n kp-Zm-knsâ hi-t¯¡v BIÀjn-¨-sX¶v 7. 33. 4þ ]d-bp-¶p-v. kqàw C{µsâ ssk\n-I-IÀa-§-sfbpw iàn-I-sfbpw sImm-Sp-Ibpw tZh-t\mSv Cu iàn-IÄ AI¯pw ]pd-¯p- apÅ ""R§-fpsS'' i{Xp-¡Äs¡-Xncmbn D]-tbm-Kn-¡m³ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn¨v 133-þ34 kqà-§Ä hn`n-¶-I-hn-I-fp-sS-bm-sW-¦nepw cpw Hcm-fp-sS-sb-¶mWp tXm¶p-¶-Xv. hr¯-§-fn-epÅ GI-tZikmZr-iy-¯n\p]pd-sa, cpw C{µ-kq-à-§-fm-sW-¶Xpw CXn-\p-t]m- Zv_-e-I-am-Ip-¶p. ChnsS BZys¯ Bdp ]Zy-§-fn ]Ã-hn-bp-ap-v; ""tZho P\n-{Xy-Po-P-\Zv `{Zm P\n-{Xy-Po-P- \Xv'' (P\n-{Xo-tZhn \ns¶ P\n-¸n¨p; \ns¶ P\n-¸n-¨ P\n{Xn aw-K-f-hXn-bt{X). ap³ kqà-¯n-se-¶-t]mse CXnepw Ihn C{µ-t\mSv i{Xp-¡Äs¡-Xnsc klm-b-¯n\pw sImÅ-ap-X-ep-IÄ¡p-th-nbpw At]-£n¡p- ¶p. XoÀ¨-bmbpw Ch \ne-hm-c-s¸« At]-£-I-ÄXs¶. ]t£, Ah-km-\-`m-K-¯pÅ (6-þ7) ]Zy-§-fnse _nw_- I-ev]-\-IÄ IqSp-X BhÀP-I-§-fmbn tXm¶p¶p. hf-sc- hn-jaw ]nSn¨ 135þmw kqàw ]e hymJym-\-§Ä¡pw CSw \ÂIp-¶-XmWv. ItTm-]-\n-j-Xv{]-kn-²- \mb \NntI-X-Ênsâ D]m-Jym-\-am-bn-«mWv kmb-W\pw XZ-\p-km-cn-bmbn H. Fw. kn. bpw CXns\ hymJym-\n- ¡p-¶-Xv. Pm-an-kWpw shÀsUÀ«Wpw bYm-{ip-X-amb AÀY-¯n hymJym-\n-¡m³ {i-an-¡p-¶p. B hgn-¡mWv Chn-sSbpw `mhn-¡p-¶-Xv. At¸mÄ, acWw hnj-b-am-¡n-bpÅ Hcp kqà-sat¶ ]d-bm-\m-hq. ba-]p-{X-\mb Ipam-c-\m-WtÃm Ihn-bpw. D®n-sbbpw AÑ-s\-bpw -hy-à-am-bn- ]-cm-aÀin-¡p-¶pv (3-þ5, 1). AÑ-sâ- a-c-W-hp- ambn _Ô-s¸«v D®n bas\ kao-]n-¡p-¶p. BZy-]-Zy-¯n kqNy-ambpw Ggmw ]Zy-¯n hmNy-ambpw ba-k- Z\w hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. H¶n Aѳ AhnS t¯¡p k©cn-¡p-¶p. Ggn F¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä AÑ-sâ- a-c-W-¯nsâ sXm«p-Ss\ ]d-bp-¶-Xm-I-Ww. Ah³ AÑ-sâ- ba-k-Z\bm{X k¦-ev]n- ¡p-¶p (1). At±-ls¯, kz]v\-cq-]-¯n-emhmw, hopw ImWm³ B{K-ln-¡p¶p (2). ]n¶oSv Ahsâ am\-kn- Im-hØ {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶p (3-þ4). ]tc-X-\mb Aѳ ba-`-h-\-¯n F¯p-¶-Xm-bmWv 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fn ImWp- ¶-Xv. H¶mw ]Zy-¯nse k¦ev]w Ggmw ]Zy-¯n bmYmÀYy]qÀW-am-hp-¶p. Aán-kq-cy-hm-bp-¡Ä¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« 136-þm-as¯ ]Zy-k-]vX-I-kqIvXw ]n¡m-es¯ alÀjn-am-cpsS Xo{h-k-\ymkhr¯n-I-fp-sSbpw cp{Z-þ-in-h-kw-kvIm-c-¯nsâbpw- ap-t¶m-Sn-bmbn IW-¡m-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Imän- \mÂt{]cn-¸n-¡-s¸-«p-sIm-pÅ ]d-¡-en (2-þ6), `qan-bp-sSbpw X¶n-hm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw hnl-K-ho-£Ww (4-þ5), {]m]-©n-I-i-àn-IÄ¡p-ta-epÅ iàn-bn Du¶Â (1, 5) F¶nh ChnsS ImWmw. Ggmw ]Zy-¯nse hmbp- hnsâ Hu¶Xyw tkma-b-Ú-¯nsâ {]m[m\y¯nte¡p hnc Nqp-¶p. A\p-{I-a-Wn-{]-Imcw 137-þmw kqà-¯nse Hmtcm ]Zyhpw bYm-{Iaw `mc-Zzm-P³, Iiy-]³, tKmX-a³, A{Xn, hnizm-an-{X³, Pa-Z-án, hkn-jvT³ F¶nh-cn-temtcm Ejn-bp-tS-Xm-Wv. CXv hnin-jvS-cmb Ihn-I-fpsS Hcp kwL-a-t{X. C{µsâ At\Iw hoc-IÀa-§sf sImm-Sp-¶ kqàw 138 BÝ-cy-I-c-amw-h®w Akv]-jvS-a-t{X. CXp he-Kpl Xpd-¡p¶ Xn\p \o¡n-sh¨ cp ]Zy-§-tfm-sS A[nIw hnjaw IqSm-sX XpS-§p-¶p-. Chn-sSbpw Nne {]iv\-§-fp-v. Kpl Xpd-¶-Xn-\p-tijw kqcy³ hnP-b-I-c-ambn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶Xmbn ]d-bp¶ tXmsS- bmWv cmw ]Zyw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu {]-Xy-£-s¸-S-emWv kqà-¯nse aäp ]Zy-§Ä¡p hgn-sbm-cp-¡p- ¶-Xv. kqcy³ kzÀK-a-[y-¯nÂsh¨v tXcv \nÀ¯p-¶-Xmbn aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n ]d-bp-¶p-v. F¦nepw, ]n{]p- hnsâ tIm«-IÄ X-IÀ¡Â (3-þ4), hr{X-h[w (5) F¶n-§s\ _m¡n aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä aän-{µ-IÀa-§-Ä hnh-cn-¡p- ¶hbmWv. 139-þmw kqàw ap³kq-à-¯nsâ Iq«pX-s¶. ]t£, A\p-{I-aWn hyXy-kvX-Ihn-I-sfbpw hyXy-kvX-tZ- h-X-I-sf-bp-amWv apt¶m-«p -sh-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu cp kqà-§Ä¡pw- X-½n cq] ¯nepw `m-h-¯nepw kmay-ap- v. F¶mÂ, ap³kqàw kqcy\pw N{µ\pw Dj-Ên\pw D-m-hp¶ D]{Zh§-sf¡p-dn-¨mWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨-sX- ¦n CXv kqcy-\nepw AXn-sâ -`m-Kn-I-{]-Xn-\n-[n-bmb khn-Xm-hnepw kzÀKo-b-K-ÔÀh\nepw tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. kqcy³ DNn-X-amb Øe¯v DNn-X-amb [Àa-§-f-\p-jvTn-¡p¶Xmbn kqàw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. kzÀKo-b-K-ÔÀh- \m-I-s«, \t`m-a-W-U-es¯ Af-¶p-sImv DNn-X-amb {]m]-©n-Im-`n-hr²n {]ZÀin-¸n-¡p-¶p. 140. hr¯-]-c-ambn sshhn-[y-]qÀWsa¦nepw \nÀWm-b-I-a-Ãm-¯- D-Å-S-¡-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb kqàw. bÚmán kpµ-chpw DÖz-e-hp-am-Ip-¶p. AXv B{K-ln-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v k½m\w t\Sn-s¡m-Sp-¡p-¶p. CXt{X kqà-¯nsâ ktµ-iw. 141. bÚmán kpµ-chpw DÖz-e-hp-am-Ip-¶p. AXv B{K-ln-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v k½m\w t\Sn-s¡m-Sp-¡p-¶p. CXt{X ap³kq-à-¯n-sâ-sb-¶-t]mse Cu kqà-¯nsâbpw ktµ-iw. A{X kq£va-X-tbm-sS-bà Bhn-jvI- cn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-sX¶p-am-{Xw. Ihn Aánsbbpw (1, 3, 6) aäp tZh-·m-scbpw, hnti-jn¨v _rl-kv]-Xn-sb, (2- þ5) hnfn-¡p-Ibpw X\n-¡pw -k-l-{]-hÀ¯-IÀ¡pw bÚ-tk-h-\-¯n\p {]Xn-^ew Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p- -¶p. Aán-bnepw _rl-kv]-Xn-bn-ep-apÅ tI{µo-I-cWw kqà-¯nsâ bÚm`n-hn-\ymkw {]Xn^-en-¸n- ¡p-¶p. Aán bÚ-¯nsâ `uXn-Ihpw _rl-kv]Xn Bßo-b-hp-amb {]h-À¯-\hp-am-WtÃm ]¦p-sh-¡p-¶- Xv. {lkz-sa-¦nepw 142-þmw kqàw kpL-Sn-X-amb cN-\bpw aäp KpW-§fpw tNÀ¶-Xm-Wv. H¶mw ]Zyw c£-I- amb bÚm-án-sbbpw Bdmw ]Zyw Cu k-½m-\-tP-Xm-hmb Aán-sbbpw AXn-epÅ Znhy-amb {i²-sbbpw kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. 2þ5 ]Zy-§Ä Aánsb kZm A]-I-S-Im-cn-bmb hkvXp-sh¶p hÀWn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ amkva-c-i-I-Xn-bpÅ cp ]Zy-§Ä B]-XvI-c-amb Aánsb `qan-bnÂ\n¶p XpS-¨p-am-äm\pw AXp shÅhpw sNSn-I-fpw-sImp kar-²-am-¡m\papÅ Bi-b-apÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. Cu kqà-¯nsâ Ihn-I-fmWv \mep imÀMvK- ¸-£n-I-sf¶v A\p-{I-aWn ]d-bp-¶p. alm-`m-c-X-¯nse imÀMvtKm-]m-Jym-\s¯ ASn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bpÅ IY EtKz-Z-¯n F§s\ h¶p-sh¶v Btem-Nn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. AYhm B alm-`m-c-tXm-]m-Jym-\-¯nsâ aqew Cu EtKz-Z-kq-à-am-hmw. 143-þmw kqà¯nsâ Ihn X\n¡pw Xsâ kJm-¡Ä¡pw Aizn-I-fnÂ\n¶p klmbw tXSn-s¡m-pÅ At]-£-I-Ä \nc-c-¯p-Ibm-Wn-hn-sS. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn ap³]v aäp-Å-hscsb-¶-t]m-se. Aizn-IÄ X§sf klm-bn-¡-W-sa¶p At]-£n-¡p-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zyw Ah-cpS klm-b-§Ä¡p ]Icw \ÂIm-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. \mem-a-s¯bpw Bdm-a-s¯bpw ]Zyw A{Xn-bnÂ\n-¶p-am-{X-w Xsâ bÚ-kJm¡Ä- ¡pÅ klm- b-¯n-sâ e£y-§Ä hnI-kn-¸n-¡p¶p. A©mw ]Zy-am-I-s«, `pPyp-hn-tâ-Xp-t]m-epÅ ]pcm-h-¯-§Ä Ah-X-cn- ¸n-¡p-¶p. \ap¡v Aizn-I-fnÂ\n¶p {]Xo-£n-¡m-hp-¶Xv A¯cw klm-b-§-fm-sW¶p kqN-\. C{µ-\mWv 144-þmw kqà-¯nsâ tZh-X-sb¶v A\p-{I-aWn ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw tkma-\mWv tZh-X. BZy- s¯bpw Ah-km-\-s¯bpw ]Zy-§-fnte tkma-]-\mbn C{µ³ hcp-¶p-Åq. ]Zyw A©n Ahsâ Xncn-¨p-h- chv {]Xo-£n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-v. CS-bn-epÅ ]Zy-§-fn Ihn BZyw tkmasâ hmk-\-Isf hnh-cn-¡p¶p (1þ2). XpSÀ¶v Kcp-Usâ tkmam-]-l-cWw hÀWn-¡p¶p. tkma-¯nsâ Dt¯-P-I-^-e-§Ä 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fn hnh-cn- ¡p-¶p. bÚ-l-hn-sʶ \ne-bn tZh-·m-scbpw a\p-jy-scbpw _Ôn-¸n-¡p¶ I®n-bmWv tkmaw. a\p- jyÀ AÀ¸n-¡p¶ tkmaw C{µ³ tZh-·mÀ¡n-S-bn sh¡p-¶p. k]-Xv\o-_m-[-t\m-]-\n-j¯v F¶p-IqSn t]cpÅ Cu 145-þmw kqàw C{µm-Wn-bp-tS-Xm-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Hcp kv{Xo `À¯m-hnsâ ASp¸w t\Sp-¶-Xn\v k]-Xv\ns¡Xn-sc Bhm-l\w \S-¯p-¶p. bÚhpw a{´hmZhpw t]mepÅ {]hÀ¯-\hpw hmMva-b-amb a{´-{]-tbm-Khpw ImWmw. h{àn ^e-kn-²n-bpÅ kkyw Ipgn-¨n-Sp¶p (1-þ2). B kkyw `À¯m-hn {]tbm-Kn-¡p¶p (6). k]-Xv\n-¡p-ta Xsâ- hn-Pbw Bß-hn-izm-k-t¯m-Sp- IqSn{]Jym-]n-¡p¶p (3-þ5). at\m-l-chpw hnfn-¨p-h-cp-¯p-¶-Xp-amb Cu 146-þmw kqàw Ac-Wy-tZ-h-X-bv¡mWv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p- ¶-Xv. ImSpw \mSpw ( a\p-jy-hm-k-Øm-\w) X½n-epÅ sshcp[yw ]n¡m-e-`m-c-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-¯nÂ, hnti-jn- ¨v, Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. CXmWv Cu kqà-¯nse {]ta-bw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n AhÄ apt¶m-«p- t]m-Ip- t¼mÄ tIÄ¡p¶ A]-cn-Nn-X-i_vZ§fpw A]-cn-Nn-X-ar-K-§fpw cmw ]Zy-¯n IqSp-X hyà-am-hp-¶p. 3þ4- ]-Zy-§-fn Ihn Xs¶ cm{Xn-bm-hp-¶-tXmsS h\y-X-bn Hä-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw hoSn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ t_m[w hcp- ¶Xpw `oj-W-X-bpsS A´-co£w krjvSn-¡p-¶p. ]ip-¡Ä Däp-t\m-¡p-¶Xpw Ip\n-bp-¶-Xpw, hndIp s]dp- ¡m³ h¶-hcpw hn-bpsS IS-I-S-i-_vZhpw AXns\ A[n-I-am-¡p-¶p. Cu B\-µ-I-c-am-b -Bß-h-©\, ]t£, Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä Ac-Wym-\nsb kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, Chbpw \ntj-[m-ß-Ihpw kzev]w t]Sn IeÀ¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. Ahsf At§m«m{I-an-¨n-sÃ-¦n Bscbpw D]-{Z-hn-¡p-I- bn-sÃ-¶Xv Hcm-izmkw! kvXpXn-bpsS hn[ym-ß-I-`mKw XpSÀ¶p hcp-¶p. kqàw 147. C{µ-sâ- hoc-IÀa-§-fp-sSbpw {]-]-©-¯n-sâ- ta-epÅ B[n-]-Xy-¯n-sâbpw ASn-Øm-\-¯n Ahsâ bp-²-tcm-j-¯n-epÅ hnizmkw {]Jym-]n-¨p-sImv (1, 2) kqàw XpS-§p-¶p. shdpw {]iw-k-tb-¡mÄ IqSp-X-emb H¶v Ihn-bpsS a\-Ênep-v. C{µ\pw Ahsâ bp²-tcm-jhpw P\-§Ä¡n-S-bn hnP-b-¯n\pw sImÅ-ap-XepIÄ t\Sp-¶-Xn\pw (2) hf-sc-tbsd Bh-iy-ap-v. Ihn Xsâ c£n-Xm-¡Ä¡v C{µsâ {i²bpw kwc-£-Whpw A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p (3). C{µ-sâ- k-lmbw t\Sp-¶-Xn\v icn-bmb bÚ-\n-co-£Ww Bh-iy-am- sW¶p Ihn a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p (4). kqà-¯nsâ CXp-h-sc-bpÅ `mK-§-fn kqNy-am-bn- am{Xw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨n- cp¶ C{µsâ klm-b-¯n\pw sImÅ-ap-X-ep-IÄ¡p-apÅ A`yÀY\ A´y-]-Zy-¯n hmNy-am-bn-¯s¶ {]I- Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. kqàw 148. C{µt\mSp klm-b-¯n-\-t]-£n-¡p¶ Cu eLp-kq-à-¯n Ihn Ah³ X\n-¡n-jvS-s¸-«-h- \p-am-{Xta \ÂIp-I-bpÅq (1, 3, 4) F¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨p t_m[-hm-\m-Wv. AXp-sImv a\p-jyÀ [mcmfw kvXpXn- Ifpw lhn-Êp-Ifpw kt´m-j-]qÀhw \ÂtI--Xn kqàw Du¶p-¶p. 149-þmw kqà-¯nsâ Ihn lnc-Wy-kvXq-]sâ ]n·p-d¡m-c-\m-sW¶v A\p-{I-aWn ]d-bp-¶p. A´y-]Zy¯n (5) Ihn Xsâ- k-hn-Xm-hnsâ hnfnsb lnc-Wy-kvXq] BwKn-c-k-tâ-Xp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Cu BwKn-c- k³, hmkvX-h-¯n 1. 35 XpS-§nb khn-Xr-kq-à-§-fpsS IÀ¯m-hm-bpw A\p-{I-a-Wn-bn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp- -¶p. Cu cp kqà-§fpw {]]-©-hn-`m-K-§Ä¡p khn-Xm-hn-t\m-SpÅ _Ôw kw_-Ôn-¨p-Å-h-bm-Ip- ¶p. Cu kqà-¯n hnti-jn¨v Cu _Ôw Du¶n-¸-d-bp-¶p. kqàw 150. _lp-hr-¯-\n-_-²--sa-¦n-epw, IrXy-amb LS-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb efn-X-amb kqàw. Hmtcm ]Zy- ¯n-sebpw A´y-]m-Zw- "ar-fo-Imb"-F¶ i-_vZ-¯n (5-þ am{Xw ""arfo-Iw'') XpS-§-p-¶-Xmhmw A\p-{I-a-Wo- Im-c³ Ihn arfo-I-s\¶p ]d-bm³ Imc-Ww. Ihn-bpsS kwt_m-[-\-hn-j-bw kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw Aán-bm-Wv. ]mXn ]Zy-§-fn hnti-j-W-§-fn-eqsS Aán-sb¶p a\-Ên-em-hpw. X§-fpsS bÚ-¯n-te¡p tZh-·m-tcm-Sp- IqSn hc-W-sa¶v Aánsb DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p¶ EPp-hmb DÅ-S-¡-amWv kqà-¯n-ep-Å-Xv. A©mw ]Zy-¯n Aán ap³]v klm-bn-¨-h-sc-sbÃmw A\p-kva-cn-¡p-¶p. AhnsS hmkn-jvT-s\-¶-Ã, hkn-jvT-s\-¶mWv Ihn- \maw sImSp-¯n-«p-Å-Xv. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§-fn Aán-sbbpw hkn-jvT-s\bpw ]ptcm-ln-X-i-_vZw- sImp hnti-jn-¸n-¡p-¶p-v. hnizmkw F¶p s]mXp-hn AÀYw ]d-bm-dpÅ {i² F¶ ]Z-¯n\v `mc-Xo-b-a-X-¯n ZoÀLamb kmwkvIm-cn-I-N-cn-{X-apv. sshZn-I-a-X-¯n AXn\p hnizm-k-sa-¶Ã AÀYw. BXn-Yy-¯nepw bÚ-¯n-ep- apÅ A`n-em-j-hn-ti-j-am-W-Xv. 151-þmw kqà-¯n AXn¶v bÚ-hp-am-bpÅ ASp¯ _Ôw hyà-am-Ip- ¶p. aq¶p kh-\-§-sf¸än ]d-bp¶ A©mw ]Zy-¯n hnti-jn-¨pw. {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n tkmaw kzoI-cn- ¡p¶ hmbpsh \memw ]Zy-¯n ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶p. icn-bmbn bÚ-a-\p-jvTn-¡p-¶-h\v DNn-X-amb {]Xn-^ew In«p-sa¶ Dd¸mWv {i²-bp-sS -ap-Jy-amb hiw. CXp kqà-¯n-ep-S-\ofw, hnti-jn¨v 2þ4 ]Zy-§-fn {]Xn-^-en- ¡p-¶p. X§-fpsS i{Xp-¡sf \in-¸n-¡m³ ssk\n-I-\mb C{µs\ hnfn-¡p-I-bmWv 152-þmw kqà-¯nÂ. \nµ-I--sc -{i-²n-¡m³ hfsc {ian-¡p-¶pv (2-þ4). `uXn-I-amb B{I-a-W-§-tf-¡mÄ ^e-{]-Z-amWv am\-kn-I-ambn i{Xpsh £oWn-¸n-¡p-¶-sX¶v {]mNo-\-`m-c-Xo-bÀ hniz-kn-¨n-cp-¶p. hm¡n-sâ -i-àn-bn-epÅ hnizm-k-amWv AXn-¶-Sn- Øm-\w. bp²-¯n-\p-ap³]v bÚ-h¡r-X-amb ZpÊq-N-\-I-fpsS hn\n-a-b-amWv ChnsS {]iv\w. 153-þmw kq-à-¯nse BZys¯ ]Zyw inip-hmb C{µs\ B«p-I-«n-en-em-«p¶ thÀXn-cn-¨-dn-bm-\m-hm¯ kv{XoI-fpsS hÕ-e-k-¦ev]w Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zyw Ahsâ IqSp-X km{¼-Zm-bn-I-amb P·-w {]Xn- ]m-Zn¡p-¶p. C{µsâ iàn-I-fpsS kvXpXn-bmWv XpSÀ¶v. A©p ]Zy-§-fn \menepw (2-þ5) ""HmPÊv'' ap´n- \n¡p-¶p. ih-Zm-l-¯n D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-XmWo 154þmw kq-à-w. Hmtcm ]Zyhpw Ct¸mÄ ]c-tem-I¯n \n-h-kn- ¡p¶ hnin-jvS-]n-Xr-¡-fpsS kz`m-h-hpw- io-e-§fpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\w, t]mbn ]nXr-¡-fp-sS- IqsS tNcm³ t{]Xs¯ DZvt_m-[n-¸n-¡p-¶p. kZm\z F¶ kv{Xoc-£-Êns\-bmWv 155-þmw kqàw e£y-am-¡p-¶-Xv. ChÄ AYÀh-th-Z-¯n ]te- S¯pw ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p-s-¦nepw EtKz-Z-¯n ChnsS am{Xta DÅq. kZm-\z-IÄ hr¯n sI«-h-bm-Wv (1); `ojWn, {]tXy-In¨v KÀ`-Ø-in-ip-¡Äs¡-Xn-sc, apg-¡p-¶-h-bmWv (2). Cu kqà-¯n Ah ssewKn-I-ambn ieyw sN¿p-¶-hbpw Ad-¸p-f-hm-¡p-¶-h-bp-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p (4). BZy-s¯- aq¶p ]Zy-§-fn kZ-\z-sb- B-{I-an- ¡p-Ibpw HmSn¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. \memw ]Zyw apX asämcp Xncn-sh-Sp-¡p-¶p. C{µsâ i{Xp-hn-P-b-a-dn-bn¨p- sIm-v DbÀ¶ ssien-bn-epÅ kvXpXn-Ko-X-am-Wv. kZm-\z-I-fpsS amdn-S-§-fn-e-Sn-¡p-¶Xpw aäpw AhnsS ImWmw. A©mw ]Zy-¯n bÚ-`q-an-bn \S-¯p¶ bÚ-¯n-eqsS i{Xp-¡sf ^e-{]-Z-ambn Iogvs¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xpw tZh-·mÀ¡n-S-bn IoÀ¯n t\Sp-¶-Xpw -hÀWn-¡p-¶p. 156-þmw kqà-¯n-\p-thn Hcp-¡nb bÚw 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fnÂ: kqtcym-Z-b-¯n-se- A-án-Pz-e-\w. BZy-s¯- aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä Cu Aán-Pz-e\w bÚ-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v km[-\-§Ä ssIh-cp-¯p-sa¶ {]Xo£ {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. {]mXx-k-h-\-¯nse Z£nWm-hn-X-c-W-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]tcm-£-amb ]cm-aÀihpw AhnsS ImWmw. Cu {]Xn-^-e-¯n-\pÅ B{Klw aÕ-c-§Ä (1), ]ip-¡Ä¡p-th-n-bpÅ B{I-a-W-§Ä (2), tXÀ¸- ´bw (3) F¶n-h-bpsS hÀW-\-§-fn-eq-sS-bmWv hyà-am-Ip-¶-Xv. {lkzhpw efn-X-hp-amb kqà-w 157 C{µ-\nÂ\n¶pw aäp tZh-·m-cnÂ\n¶pw klm-b-¯n-\pw- k-l-I-c-W- ¯n-\pw-thn Ah-sc -hn-fn-¡p-I-bmWv BZys¯ -aq¶p ]Zy-§-fnÂ. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä, ]n¡m- e¯v {]kn-²-amb tZh-·mcpw Akp-c-·mcpw X½n-epà i{XpXzw {]Xn-^-en¸n-¡p-¶ EtKz-Z-k-µÀ`-sa¶ \ne- bn khn-tijw {it²-b-a-t{X. \s½-¯-s¶bpw temI-s¯bpw ImWm³ \s½ {]m]vX-cm-¡p¶ kzÀK-¯nse I®mb kqcy\mWv 158- þmw kqà-¯nse, hnti-jn-¨v Ah-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§-fnse (3-þ5) {]ta-bw. BZy-]Zyw {]]-©-¯n-sâ- FÃm `mK-§-sfbpw kwc-£n-¡m-\pÅ A`yÀY-\-bm-Wv. khn-Xm-hn-t\m-SpÅ cm-a-s¯- ]Zyw CXp-X-s¶ -Xp-S- cp-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n khn-Xm-hnsâ t]cp hcp-¶p--tÃm. 10. 145 t]mse 159-þmw kqàhpw k]-Xv\n-IÄs¡-Xnsc kwkm-cn-¡p¶ kv{XobpsS kzc-am-WpÄs¡m-Åp- ¶-Xv. ]t£, AXn a{´w-sImv k]-Xv\nsb \in-¸n-¡m-sa¶p {]Xo-£n-¡p-t¼mÄ, ChnsS ^ew ]qÀWam- -Wv. AhÄ DNn-X-amb DbÀ¶ ssien-bn hnP-b-kvXpXn sNmÃp-¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n AhÄ Xsâ hnP- bw ]p{X-·mcnte¡pw ]p{Xn-bnte¡pw hym]n-¸n-¡p-¶p-sh-¶Xv {it²-b-a-t{X. a¡-fn Hu¶Xyw t\SpI F¶- Xm-WtÃm k]-Xv\n-amÀs¡-Xn-scbpÅ {_Òm-kv{Xw. kqàw 160. C{µ-s\ -tkm-a-]m-\-¯n\p £Wn-¡p-¶Xpw Ah³ atäsX-¦nepw bÚ-¯n\p t]mtb-¡p- tam F¶ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn Bi-¦n¡p-¶Xpw BZyw (1). kh\w sN¿m-¯-h³ in£n-¡-s¸-Sp-sa¶ `bw XpSÀ¶v (4). hnizm-an-{X-]-Ã-hn-bp-sS- B-Zy-]-Z-Zzbw (ip\w lpth-a) A©mw ]Zy-¯nsâ Ah-km\w ImWmw. kqàw 161-þse Cu hiy-{]-tbmKw GsX-¦nepw tcmK-¯n\p hnt[-b-\mb Hcp a\p-jysâ BbpÊnsâ, ZoÀLm-bp-Ên-sâ, hos-Sp¸v Adn-bn-¡p-¶p (1). 162-þmw kqà-¯nse Cu hiy-{]-tbmKw KÀ`-c-£-W-¯nepw {]k-hm-\-´-chpw Dm-Imhp¶ A]-I-S- §Ä AYhm {`qW-¯n-\p-m-tb-¡m-hp¶ D]-{Z-h-§Ä kw_-Ôn-¨p-Åh-bm-Wv. KÀ`-¯nse hnhn-[-L-«-§Ä aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 4þ6 ]Zy-§-fn {`qW-¯n IS-¶p-IqSn D]-{Z-h-ap-m-¡p¶ {Klm-Zn-Isf {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. A©n ktlm-Z-c-\mtbm `À¯m-hmtbm Imap-I-\mtbm apJw-aqSn [cn-¨pw- aäpw h¶v KÀ`n- Wnsb _m[n-¡p¶ sR«n-¡p¶ Nn{Xw ImWmw. 10. 161 t]mse, 163-þse Cu hiy-{]-tbmKw tcmKim´n-¡pÅ H¶m-Wv. _Ô-s¸« Hmtcm ico-cm-h-b-h- ¯nÂ\n¶pw tcmKw amäp-¶-Xn-s\ -Hmtcm ]Zy-¯nepw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu {lkz-kqàw (164) A\yYm Adn-b-s¸-Sm¯ a\-Ênsâ {]`p-thmSv AIse amdm\pw Ipg-¸-§Äs¡Ãmw Imc-W-`q-X-bmb \ncr-Xn-tZ-hn-tbmSv kwkmcn-¡m\pw ]d-ªp-sImv XpS-§p-¶p. a\x{]`p AhÄ¡p a\p-jy- cp-sS- Nn-´-I-fpsS Nne amXr-I-IÄ \ÂIp-¶p (2). Cu am-Xr-I-IÄ \ncp-]-{Z-h-amb Bß-am-b-IÄ am{X-am- sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. Ah-bm-Is« FÃmw X§Ä¡p \à \ne-bn kw`-hn-¡p-¶p-sh¶ {]Xo-Xn-bp-f-hm-¡p-¶-h- b-t{X. ]t£, 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn hm¡n Xmc-X-tay\ \ncp-]{Zhsa-¦nepw {]hr-¯n -sImv h©-\-bm-sW¶v {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. {_ÒW-kv]-Xn-bmb C{µ-\pÄs¸sSbpÅ tZh-·m-tcmSv Cu Ipä§fnÂ\n¶p X§sf AI-än- \nÀ¯m³ A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. Ah-sbm-s¡ -X-§-fpsS i{Xp-¡-fpsS ASp-t¯¡p t]mIs« F¶pw {]mÀYn-¡p- ¶p. A§s\ Cu kqà¯nsâ GIo-Ir-X-{]-tabw D]-{Z-h-I-ctam AÃm-¯tXm t_m[-]qÀhtam At_m-[- ]qÀhtam cptam Bb am\-kn-Itam hmNn-Itam Bb GXp-Xcw IÀa-s¯bpw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. A\p-{I-aWn 165-þmw kqà-¯nsâ tZh-X-bmbn hntiz-tZ-h-·m-sc-bmWv Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶-sX-¦nepw hmkvX h-¯n arXyp-tZ-h-X-bmb basâ Hma-\-bmb It]m-X-amWv ({]mhv þ Zp-È-Ip-\-¸£n) tZh-X. CXv ]mT-t`-Z-§- tfm-sS- A-YÀh-th-Z-¯nepw ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. Gähpw B{Im-a-I-\mb Cu 166-þmw kqà-¯nsâ hàmhv Xsâ i{Xp-¡fn-t·epÅ hnPbhpw Ah- cpsS ISp¯ am\-`w-K-¯n-epÅ kwXr-]vXnbpw {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶p. Xsâ Im¡o-gn-e-aÀ¶ \ne-bm-W-hÀ¡v (2- þ5). kqàw 167. tkma-b-Ú-¯n\v C{µs\ £Wn-¡p¶ Hcp-hn[w km{¼-Zm-bn-I-amb kqàw. kqcys\ Pbn- ¡p-I-sb¶ C{µsâ al-¯mb IrXy-§-fn-sem¶v BZyw A\p-kva-cn-¡p¶p (1-þ2). C{µ-t\mSv k¼-¯n-\p-thn A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p-apv (1). C{µ³ kzbw ]d-bp-¶-XmWv Ah-km-\-]-Zyw (4). AhnsS C{µ³ tkma-b-Úhpw kvXpXnbpw kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw Xncn¨v km[-\-§Ä \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. F¦n-te, Cu kzoI-c-W¯v AÀl- \mhq F¶v C{µ³ Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶p. tkmabÚ-¯n ]ptcm-ln-X-I-hn-IÄ [mcmfw [\w k¼m-Zn-¨p-sh-¶- XmWv Cu kqà-¯nse {it²-b-amb hkvXp-X (4). kqàw 168. {]mXx-k-h-\-¯n C{µ-t\m-sSm¸w tkmaw IpSn-¡p¶ BZys¯ tZh-\mbn bÚ-hy-h-Ø- bn AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸« Imän-sâ- tZ-h-X-bmWv hmbp. Imänsâ kzm`m-hn-I-amb khn-ti-j-X-I-fmWv Chn-sS- Iq-Sp- X hnh-cn-¡p-¶-sX-¦nepw hmbp-hns\ ]qÀW-amb cq]-¯n kvXpXn-¡p-¶p-n-hn-sS. BZys¯ ]Zyw 1. 32- þ C{µ-sâ- ho-c-IÀa-§sfsb¶-t]m-se, Cu {lkz-kq-à-¯nepw -hm-bp-hnsâ IÀa-§sf kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. {ZpX-X-c-amb hmbp-hnsâ k©m-cw, tXcv, ]cn-hmcw F¶n-h-sbÃmw `wKn-bmbn ChnsS hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqàw 169. ]ip-¡sf kwc-£n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn\pw kpc-£n-X-ambn Xncn-¨p-sIm-p- h-cp-¶-Xn\pw thn {]_-e-cmb At\Iw tZh-X-amsc Cu e£y-\nÀh-l-W-¯n-¶mbn hnfn-¡p-¶p. 170-þmw kqàw kqcy-s\, IrXy-ambn ]d-ªm kqcy-{]-Im-i-s¯, sImm-Sp-¶p. hoc-tbm-²r-tZ-h-·m- cmb C{µm-Zn-I-sf-t¸m-se-¯-s¶-bmWv Ihn kqcy-s\bpw ImWp-¶-Xv. 171-þm-as¯ Cu {lkz-kqàw Adn-b-s¸-Sm-¯tXm Aev]-am{Xw Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶tXm Bb C{µsâ \mep hoc-IÀa-§Ä Hmtcm ]Zy-¯n-embn kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn¨v 172-þmw kqàw DjÊn\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xm-sW-¦nepw \memw- ]-Zy-¯n\p am{Xta Ah-fp-ambn hyà-ambn _Ô-ap-Åq. Npcp-§n-bXv cmw ]Zy-¯n-se--¦nepw AXnse ]pcp-j-hn-ti-j-W-§Ä Dj-Êns\ Hgn-hm-¡p-¶-Xmbn ImWp-¶p. DjÊv (1), kqcy³ (2), Aán (3), DjÊv (4) F¶pw kqcy³ (1-þ3) F¶p-sams¡ hymJym-Xm-¡Ä \nÀtZ-in-¡p-¶p. {]mXxIme-¯n\p tNÀ¶-XmWv Cu kqà-sa-¶-XnÂ, F´m- -bm-epw, kwi-b-an-Ã. kqàw 173 Gsd-¡m-e-ambn cmPm-`n-tj-I-¯nsâ `mK-am-bn-cp-¶p. CXnse Xmt¡m¸Zw {[phw (Zr-Vw) F¶m-Wv. ZrV-X-bmWv cmPm-hm-Im³ th Gähpw {][m-\-Kp-Ww. a\p-jy-tKm-{X-§fpw (1, 6) hnhn-[-tZ-h- ·mcpw cmPm-hn-s\ hcn-¡p-t¼mÄ CXmWv t\m¡p-¶-Xv. tZh-·m-cn C{µs\ t\m¡p-I. tbm²m-hmb cmPm-hm- Wh³ (2, 5þ6). hcp-W³ kam-[m-\-Im-e-s¯- cm-Pm-hnsâ BZn-cq-]w (5). bÚ-]c-ambn cmPm-`n-tjI¯n hm¡p-ambn _Ô-s¸« tZh-·m-cn {_Ò-W-kv]Xnbpw (3) _rl-kv]Xnbpw (5), `uXn-I-ambn _Ô-s¸« Aánbpw (5) tkma\pw (3) BIp-¶p. kqàw 174. cmPm`ntj-I-kq-à-¯nsâ Hcp Iq«v. cmP-Xz-¯nsâ bp²s¯bpw t\cn-S-en-s\bpw ]än-bpÅ Imcy-§-fnte Du¶p-¶p-Åq. cmPm-hn-sâ- C{µ-tâ-Xp-t]m-epÅ i-{Xp-aÀZ-I-i-ànbpw bÚ-]-c-amb {]hÀ¯- \hpw kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p (1, 4). ]nSn-¡-Ãp-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« Cu aq¶m-as¯ kqà-¯n\p (175) aäp cs-®-¯n-sâ- ta-·-sbm¶pw Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sm-\m-hn-Ã. X§-sf- k-h\w sN¿m³ t{]cn-¸n-¡-W-sa¶ ]nSn-¡-Ãp-I-fpsS khn-Xm-hn-t\m-SpÅ {]mÀY- \-tbmsS Cu kqàw Bcw-`n-¡p-Ibpw Ah-km-\n-¡p-I-bpw -sN-¿p-¶p (1, 4). kqàw 176. bÚm-ánsb AXn-sâ -B-Zys¯ {]Xy-£-`m-h-¯n hnh-cn-¡p¶ efn-X-amb kqàw. Aán- bpsS ""Cc-«-¸u-cXzw'' F¶ kmam-\y-amb hnj-bhpw Chn-sS- NÀ¨ sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu \nKq-Vm-ß-I-amb kqàw (177) {]tNm-Zn-X-Im-hy-Nn-´-sbbpw {]Im-i-¯n s]mXnª ]£n-sb-t¸m- se {]_p-²-I-hn-Ifpw ]ptcm-ln-X-·mcpw A´Àap-J-ambn ImWp¶ ZmÀi-\n-I-Úm-\-s¯bpw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶p. CXnse _nw_-I-ev]-\-IÄ, th\-kq-à-¯n-se-¶-t]m-se, ià-amb {]Xo-Xn-bp-f-hm-¡p-¶p. kqàw 178. XmÀ£y-s\¶p sshZn-I-km-ln-Xy-¯n ]te-S¯pw ImWp-¶p-s-¦n-epw, ChnsS Cu ]Zw- sIm-p-t±-in-¡p-¶Xv Z[n-{Imhns\ t¸mepÅ ]pcm-hr-¯-{]-kn-²-amb Hcp ]´-b-¡p-Xn-c-sb-bm-Wv. CXnse aq¶mw ]Zyw, hmkvX-h-¯nÂ, Z[n-{Im-hn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kqà-¯nse Hcp ]ZyamWv (4. 38. 10). Cu cp IpXn- c-Ifpw ]qcp-¡-fpsS t\Xm-hmb {Xk-Z-kyphpambn _Ô-s¸-«-h-bm-Wv. Cu kqàw (179) ]n¡m-e¯v {]hÀKy-IÀa-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« Z[nLÀa-l-hn-Ên-\p-thn D]-tbm-Kn- ¡m-dp-v. Cu Dt±-iyw -\n-d-th-äp-¶-Xn-¶mWv CXp cNn-¡-s¸-«-sX¶p hniz-kn-¡mw. BZy-]Zyw lhnÊnsâ X¡m- e-ØnXn hne-bn-cp-¯m³ ]ptcm-ln-X-·msc- £-Wn-¡p-¶p. cm-a-s¯-bpw aq¶m-a-s¯bpw ]Zy-§Ä bYm- {Iaw]n¡m-es¯ ]pcm-hmIybpw bmPy-bpam-Wv. am[y-µn-\-IÀa-§ fn kw_-Ôn-¡m³ C{µs\ £Wn-¡p- Ibpw ]Iz-l-hnÊv \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C{µ³ Xsâbpw R§-fp-sS-bpw -i-{Xp-¡fpsS-ta hnP-bn-bmbn \n¡p-¶-Xn-emWv Cu kqàw (180) tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AtX kabw Ah³ X§Ä¡p Xcp-¶ Zm\-§-fnepÅ Xmev]cyw Aev]w- t]mepw Ipd- bv¡p-¶p-an-Ã. ap³kqàw-t]m-se, CXpw (181) {]hÀKy-IÀa-hp-ambn ZrV-_-Ô-ap-Å-Xm-Wv. B IÀa-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« cY-´-cw, _rl¯v F¶o al-¯mb kma-§-sfbpw LÀa-s¯-bpw- ChnsS kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. kqàw 182. bÚ-h-N-Ênsâ A[n-]-Xnbmb _rl-kv]Xnsb X§-fpsS hm¡ns\ klm-bn-¡m\pw FÃm -cq-]-¯n-ep-apÅ ZpÀhm-¡p-I-sfbpw Ah ]d-bp-¶-h-scbpw in£n-¡m\pw hnfn-¡p-¶p. kqàw 183. BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä Hcp aIs\ KÀ`w [cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p apJ-hp-c-bmbn `mcym-`À¯m-¡- ·mÀ X½n-epÅ Hcp kw`m-j-W-i-I-e-amWv. aq¶mw ]Zyw a¡sf hmKvZm\w sN¿p¶ FÃm DÀh-c-Xbv¡pw \nZm- \-amb Xncn-¨-dn-b-s¸-Sm¯ Hcm-ßm-hn-tâ--XmWv. kqàw 184. Cu eLp-h-iy-{]-tbmKw kzm`mhnI-ambn sXm«p-ap³]s¯ kqà-¯nsâ XpSÀ¨-bbn hcp- ¶p. Ahn-sS -hn-hm-ln-X-Z-¼-Xn-IÄ KÀ`-[m-c-W-¯n-\p-thn ssewKn-I-hr-¯n-s¡m-cp-§p-¶p. ChnsS tZho-tZ-h- ·m-cpsS Hcp \nc KÀ`w Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯p-¶-Xn\v hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqàw 185. AXyp-¶Xm-Zn-Xy-·m-cmb an{X³, hcp-W³, Acy-amhv F¶n-h-tcmSv klm-b-¯n-\pÅ Cu {lkz-amb A`yÀY\ cp KÀ`-h-iy-{]-tbm-K-§Ä¡p-tijw ChnsS tNÀ¯Xv CXv Ah-cpsS A½ AZnXn (3)¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-Xp-sIm-m-bn-cn-¡mw. A\p-{I-a-Wn-{]-Imcw Cu kqàw (186) kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«Xv hmbp-hn-¶m-sW-¦nepw hmXw (Im-äv) BWv bYmÀY- ¯n tZh-X. tcmKw-i-an-¸n-¡m-\pÅ Ignhv AXn-¶pv (1). aq¶p tÇmI-§-fnepw \s½ Pohn-¸n-¡m\pw BbpÊp \o«m-\p-apÅ Imänsâ Ignhv ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. A{X \nÀWm-b-I-a-Ãm¯ Cu kqàw (187) ssk\n-I-\mb Aánsb Ah-X-cn¸n-¡p-¶ ]Ãhn DÄs¡m- Åp¶ps-¦nepw aq¶mw ]Zyta AXp hnI-kn-¸n-¡p-¶p-Åq. 188-þmw kqàw. asämcp sNdnb Aánkqàw. C¡pdn Aán¡v PmX-th-ZÊv F¶ s]mXp-hn-ti-jWw IqSn- bp-v. bÚhpw Aán¡v AXn-epÅ ]¦p-amWv Cu kqà-¯nse {]ta-bw. kqàw 189. A\p-{I-a-Wn-{]-Imcw kÀ¸-cm-Úntbm kqcyt\m BWp tZh-X-sb-¦nepw {]`m-X-b-Ú-amWv hnj-b-sa-¶-Xn-\m kqcy³-X-s¶-bm-hm-\mWv km[y-X. kqcy\pw bÚm-ánbpw DjÊpw (2) kqà- ¯n {]-Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. bÚhpw AXnsâ ]IÀ¸mb kqcy\pw Imf (1), t]m¯v (2), ]£n- F-¶n-§s\ ]e Xcw arK-§fmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p. ]Xw-K-kq-à-¯n (10. 177) hm¡n\p ]£n-bp-am-bpÅ _Ôw Ip-h-tÃm. {]`m-X-b-Ú-¯n hm¡n-\pÅ {]m[m\yw Cu kqàw {]Xn-^-en-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-bn -tXm-¶p-¶p. kÀ¸- §-sf-tbm -A-h-bpsS cmÚn-sb-tbm- ]än ]cmaÀi-sam¶pw ChnsS Csöp {i²n-¡p-I. Cu kqàw (190) FÃm-än-sâbpw auen-I-amb Dev]-¯n-Øm-\-amb X]-Êp-sIm-pÅ {]]-t©m-ev]-¯n-kn- ²m´w Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. krjvSn-¡-s¸« hkvXp-¡fpw Ah-bpsS {Iahpw Ah-bpsS krjvSn-t{km-XÊpw HuÕp-Iy-I-chpw Nnt´m--±o-]-I-hp-a-t{X. ap³]s¯ krjvSn-kq-à-s¯-t¸mse (10. 129) CXv {]tl-fn-Im-{]m-b-a- Ã. ""Cu kqàw ]Zw apdn¨p sNmÃm-dn-Ã. AXp-sImv A\z-bn-¡msX AÀYw ]d-bp-¶p.'' (F«mw hmfyw, t]Pv 1093)- F¶v H. Fw.. kn. Fgp-Xn--b-XnÂ\n¶v A§-s\-sbmcp ]mc-¼cyw tIc-fo-b-\-¼q-Xn-cn-{_m-Ò-W-cp-sSbn-S-bn- se-¦nepw \S-¸n-ep-m-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p tXm¶p-¶p. GXm-bmepw Cu KZy]cn-`m-j-bnÂ, ]Xn-hp-t]mse, A-\z-bhpw ]cn-`m-jbpw sImSp-¡p-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯nse Cu kqà¯n\v ]²-Xn-]-c-ambpw {]Nm-c-W-]-c-am-bp-apÅ Hcp ]cn-]m-Sn-bp-v. X\-Xmb kwkvIm-c{]tbm-K-§-fpÅhcpw Aev]sams¡ Nm©m-«-t¯msSbpw ]mXn-i-{Xp-X-tbm-sSbpw PmK-cq-I-amb kl- I-c-W-t¯m-sSbpw Ign-ªn-cp¶ F®-aä tKm{X-§-fpsS IhnXI-fpsS kam-lm-c-amWv EtKz-Z-kw-ln-X. Cu kqà-k-am-lmcw t{ImUo-I-cn-¡-s¸--«Xv tI{µo-Ir-X-amb kmaq-ly-þ-cm-jv{So-b-km-l-N-cy-§-fn-et{X þ an¡-hmdpw Ipcp-cm-Pm-¡-·m-cpsS Ime-¯v. \ne-hm-c-s¸-«-Xpw- ]-¦m-fn-¯-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xp-amb bÚ-kw-kvImcw kmÀh-{Xn- I-am-bn-cp¶ Ime-am-W-Xv. B Ime-¯nsâ al-¯mb kw`m-h-\-sb¶ \ne-bnÂ- E-tKz-Z-kw-ln-Xbpw B kmaq- ly-þ-cm-jv{Sob {]{In-bsb klm-bn-¨n-cn-¡-Ww. EtKz-Z-¯nse A´n-a-kq-à-amb 191-þmw kqàw XpS-§-p-¶Xv bÚmántbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv (1). AXm-h-iy-an- sÃ-¶p-t]mepw Icp-Xn-bn-cp¶hcpÄs¸-sS-bpÅ Bcy-·msc apgp-h³ GIo-I-cn-¨n-cp-¶Xv bÚm-án-b-t{X. AXv Bcp-sSbpw GXp km[-\hpw ]nSn-s¨-Sp¡p-sa¶ ]tcm-£-amb kqN-\bpw Ahn-sS-bp-v. cmw ]Zy-¯n hn[ym-ß-I-amb Hcp amXrI Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p¶p: bÚmwiw kzoI-cn-¡m³ hcp¶ tZh-·mÀ X½n-epÅ A`n-{]m- b-hy-Xymkw ka-hm-b-¯n-eqsS ]cn-l-cn¨v FÃm-hcpw bÚ-¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡p-¶p. CXv \ap¡pw s]mXp-Imcy- §-fn kzoI-cn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. FÃm-hcpw ]¦m-fn-¯-t¯msS bÚw \S¯p-t¼m-gp-m-Ip¶ ^e-§Ä ASp¯- Xmbn hnhcn-¡p¶p (3). a{´hpw lhnÊpw Hcp-an-¨p-th-W-sa¶p Npcp-¡w. XpSÀ¶v {]bXv\-¯n-\-\p-k-cn-¨mWv ^e-sa¶v ]d-bp¶p (4). ]¯mw aWvU-ew, H³]Xmw kqàw {Xninckv Xzmjv{S³ AYhm knÔp-Zzo] Aw_-co-j³ Ejn; 9 ]Zy-§Ä; Kmb{Xn (A\p-jvSp¸v 8þ9 HgnsI); Pew tZhX H¶mw aWvU-e-¯n-se-t¸mse ]¯mw aWvU-e-¯nepw 191 kqà-§-fm-Wp-Å-Xv. ]t£ ]¯mw aWvUew IqSp-X "]e-hI'kz`-mh-ap-ÅXpw Abª LS-\-bp-Å-Xp-am-Wv. EtKzZw t{ImUo-I-cn-¡-s¸- «-t¸mÄ Ah-km\w Iq«n-t¨À¯-Xmhmw CXv. Xmc-X-tay\ ]pXnb `mjm-im-kv{X-khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw ""P\- Iob''{]ta-b-§fpw ChnsS ImWmw. ivaim-\w, hnhm-lw F¶n-h-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-hbpw \mS-Io-b-kz- K-Xm-Jym-\-§Ä, kw`m-j-W-§Ä F¶nh DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-hbpw ia-\u-j-[n-a-{´-§fpw im]-hp-saÃmw Dv. aWvU-e-¯nsâ GXmv ]Ip-Xnbpw s]mXp-hn hyàn-I-fmb Ihn-I-fpsS kqà-§-fm-Wv. BZys¯ H³]Xp kqà-§Ä {XnX B]vXy-sâbpw (1þ-7) {Xnin-ckv Xzmjv{Ssâbpw (8-þ-9) t]cn-em- Wv. {XnX B]vXy-sâ- ap-gp-h³ kqà-§fpw 10. 8þsâ aq¶n cp `mK-§fpw Aán¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸- «-h-bm-Wv; 10. 8þ-sâ- A-h-km-\s¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (7-þ9) A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn¨v C{µ-¶pw. A´n-a- kqàw (10. 9) Pe-¯n-\p-Å-X-t{X. Cu kqà-¯nsâ Ah-km-\s¯ \mep ]Zy§Ä (6-þ9) 1. 23. 20-þse A´y-]m-Z-sam-gnsI 1. 20-þ23 ]Zy-§- fm-Wv. Ah-bnse BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä ia-\u-j-[-§Ä \ÂIp¶ Pe-¯nsâ ia-\-]-chpw {]mb-Ýn-¯-]- c-hp-amb KpW-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p¶p (6-þ7). Ah [mÀan-I-amb s]cp-am-ä-Zq-jy-§Ä \o¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (8). 6, 8 ]Zy-§-fn ""shÅ-¯nse Xo'' F¶ sshcp[yw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Pe-¯nsâ ia-\-]-chpw Poh-{]-Z-hp-amb KpW-§Ä 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn ImWmw. BZys¯ aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä thdn-«p-\n¡p-¶p-sh¶p ]d-bmw. H¶mw ]Zyw Pe-¯nsâ t]mj-IXzw hnh- cn¨psImv t]mj-Whpw k´p-jvSnbpw \ÂIm³ AXn-t\m-S-`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. cmw ]Zyw ape-¸m-en\p Xpey- amb ck-am-Wv B t]mj-I-sa¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. aq¶m-a-t¯Xv hnjaw ]nSn¨ H¶m-Ip-¶p. Ahn-Ss¯ ""R§sf tNX-\-h-¯m-¡p-Ibpw P\n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶Xv'' F¶ D]a hnh-cn-¨mte AXv a\-Ên-em-hq. 1. Bt]m lnjvTm atbm-`ph Øm \ DuÀtPm Z[m-X\ atl-c-Wmb N£tk ln B]x atbm`phx Ø \n§Ä Pe-§Ä sXfnª Dt·j-am-b-Xp-sImv \x DuÀtP atl cWmb N£tk Z[m-X\ R§fpsS `£W-¯n-\p-w al-¯mb kt´mjw ImWm\pw thXp sNbvXmepw! 2. tbm hx inh-Xtam ckþ kvXky `mP-btXl \x Di-Xo-cnh amXcx DiXox amXcx Ch D¡WvT-bpÅ A½-amÀ F¶-t]mse, bx hx inh-Xax ckx \n§-fpsS Gähpw t\«-ap-m-¡p¶ ckw þ Cl Xky \x `mP-bX ChnsS R§Ä¡v AXnsâ Hcp -]¦v X¶mepw! 3. Xkvam Acw Kama thm bky £bmb Pn\zY Bt]m P\-bYm N \x B]x bky £bmb Pn\zY Pe-§tf! \n§-fpsS k´-Xnsb¶ \ne-bn R§Ä, BcpsS im´n - ]qÀW-amb hk-Xn-sb-bmtWm \n§Ä ssNX-\y-h-¯m-¡p-¶Xv, Xkvssa Acw hx Kama \x P\-bY N Ah\p tNcp-¶hcm-hpIbpw \n§Ä R§sf P\n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿s«! 4. iw t\m tZho-c-`n-jvSb Bt]m `h´p ]oXtb iwtbm-c-`n-{k-h´p \x B]x tZhox \x A`n-jvStb Pe-tZ-hn-Itf! R§Ä¡p \ne\n¡m\pw ]oXtb iw `h´p IpSn-¡m\pw `mKy-ap-m-hs«! \x iw tbmx A`n {kh´p R§Ä¡p `mKy-¯n\pw Pohn-X-¯n\pw thn AhÀ Hgp-Is«! 5. Cuim\m hmcymWmw £b´oÝÀj-Wo-\mw At]m bmNman t`jPw hmcymWmw Cuim\mx aqey-h-¯mb km[-\-§-fpsS A[oi-I-fmb A]x NÀj-Wo\mw £b´ox Pe§tfmSv IpSn-tb-ä-km-{amPy-§sf `cn-¨p-sImv t`jPw bmNman Hcp i-a-\u-j-[n-bm-hm³ Rm³ bmNn¡p-¶p. 6. A]vkp ta tkmtam A{_-hoþ Z´Àhn-izm\n t`jPm Aánw N hniz-iw-`phw A]vkp A´x hnizm\n t`jPm Pe-§Ä¡-I¯v FÃm ia\u-j-[n-I-fp-ap-s¶pw Aánw N hniz-iw-`phw Aán FÃmw kpJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-h-\m-sW¶pw tkmax ta A{_-hoXv tkma³ Ft¶mSp ]d-ªn-«p-v. 7. B]x ]rWoX t`jPw hcqYw Xt\z aa tPymIv N kqcyw Zrti B]x t`jPw ]rWoX Pe-§tf! ]qÀWia\w XcnIbpw aa Xt\z hcqYw Fsâ- i-co-c-¯n\p c£ \ÂIp-Ibpw kqcyw Zrti tPymIv N F\n¡p ZoÀL-Imew kqcy-s\ Im-Wm³ CS hcp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXmepw! 8. CZ-am]x {]h-lX bXv In© ZpcnXw abn bZzm-l-a-`n- Zp-t{Zml bZzm ti] DXm-\rXw B]x bZv hm Alw A`n Zpt{Zml Pe-§tf! Rm³ h©\ sNbvXn-«p-s-¦ntem bZv hm ti] DX A\rXw i]n-¨n-«p-s-¦ntem AkXyw ]d-ªn-«p-s-¦ntem bXv InwN abn ZpcnXw CZw {]h-lX F´p Zpcn-X-w F¶n-ep-s-¦nepw AXv Zqtc¡v Hgp-¡n-bmepw! 9. Bt]m AZym-\z-Nm-cnjw ctk\ ka-Kkva ln ]bkzm\á B Kln Xw am kwkrP hÀ¨km B]x AZy A\z-Nm-cnjw Pe-§tf! C¶p Rm³ \ns¶ A\p-K-an-¨p. ln ctk\ kam-Kkva R§Ä \n§-fpsS ck-hp-ambn sFIy-s¸-«p. Atá ]b-kzm³ B Kln Atá! \ndsb ]mep-ambn ChnsS- h-¶mepw! Xw hÀ¨km amw kwkrP {]`bpambn Fs¶ ebn-¸n-¨mepw! ]¯mw aWvU-ew, ]¯mw kqàw ba sshh-kz-X\pw ban sshh-kz-Xnbpw Ejn; 14 ]Zy-§Ä; {XnjvSp¸; ba-þ-b-an-IÄ tZhX (ba-þ-b-an-kw-`m-jWw) CXv Gsd {]i-kvXhpw Gsd NÀ¨ sN¿-s¸-«-Xp-amb kqà-am-Wv. BZys¯ aÀ¯y-cpw CW-bp-w ktlm- Z-co-k-tlm-Z-c-·m-cp-amb ba\pw banbpw X½n-epÅ kwLÀj-`-cn-X-amb kw`m-j-W-am-Wn-Xv. BZyw kwkm-cn-¡p- ¶Xv ban-bm-Wv. Xm\p-ambn kwt`mKw \S-¯m³ AhÄ CW-bmb ktlm-Z-c-t\mSv At]-£n-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ AhÀ¡v a¡-fp-m-hpw; AwKo-Ir-X-co-Xn-bn hwiw \ne-\n¡pw. ba³ Ah-fpsS hmZs¯ JWvUn-¡p-¶p. AXv _em-Õw-K-am-Ipw. [mÀan-I-{Iaw Im¯p-c-£n-¡p¶ tZh-·mÀ Ahsc in£n-¡pw. AhÀ X-½n \nba-]- c-amb hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-¯n-teÀs¸-Sp-¶p. kqà-¯nsâ BZy-]-Ip-Xn-bn AhÀ At\ym\yw AIew ]men-¡p- ¶p. ]qÀhn-IÀ GÀs¸-Sp-¯nb _em-Õw-K-hn-e¡p ewLn-¡-cp-sX¶v ba³ ]d-bp-¶p (4). an{Xm-h-cp-W-·mcmWv AXv ZrV-ambn \S-¸n h-cp-¯p-¶hÀ (6). AhÀ¡v kÀh{X Nmc-·m-cpv (8). ban hmZn-¡p-¶-Xv, tbm\n-bn {`qWw hnX-bv¡p¶ XzjvSmhv Ahsc Z¼-Xn-Ifm¡n-bn-«p-s-¶mWv (5). cp XhW (5, 9) kzÀK-s¯bpw `qan- sbbpw hnfn-¡p-I-bpw sN¿p-¶p. ssewKn-tIm-t¯-P-\-ap-m-¡p-amdv ban ]d-ªn«pw ba³ Cf-Ip-¶nà (12-þ13). Ah-km\w ba³ ban-tbmSv Hcp Imap-Is\ Is-¯m³ D]-tZ-in-¡p-¶p. 1. Hm NnXv kJmbw kJym hhrXymw Xncx ]pcq NnZÀWhw PK-\zm³ ]nXpÀ\-]m-Xam Z[oX th[m A[n £an {]Xcw Zo[ym\x kJmbw kJym Xncx NnZv Hm hhrXymw (ban:) Rm³ Fsâ Iq«p-Im-csâ t\sc kJy(kw-t`m-K)-¯n -\mbn Xncn-bm\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶p þ ]pcp NnZv AÀWhw PK-\zm³ Ah³ shÅ-s¸m-¡-s¯ apdn-¨p-I-S-¶p-sIm-v, ]e km{am-Py-§-sfbpw apdn-¨pI-S-¶p-sImv, t]mbn-cn-¡-bm-sW-¦n-epw. th[mx A[n £an {]Xcw Hcp bÚ-hn-Z-Kv[³, `qan-bnse apt¶m-«pÅ KXn Zo[ym\x ]nXpx \]mXw B Z[oX Ip-sImv Xsâ AÑ\v Hcp t]c-¡n-Sm-hn-s\ -\ÂIs«! 2. \ tX kJm kJyw hjvtSy-XXv ke£vam bZv hnjp-cq]m `hmXn al-kv]p-{Xmtkm Akp-cky hocm- Znthm `À¯mc DÀhnbm ]cn Jy³ tX kJm GXXv kJyw \ hjvSn (b-a³:) \nsâ Iq«p-Imc³ B kJyw B{K-ln-¡p-¶n-Ã. bXv ke£vam hnjp-cq]m `hmXn AXn AhÄ(k-wt`m-K¯nse ]¦m-fn)¡v AtX "AS-bm-f-(Ip-Spw-_-e - £-W)§'-fmWv, Ak-am-\-cq-]-(enw-K)¯n-em-sW-¦nepw, DÅ-Xv. alx Akp-cky ]p{Xmkx hocmx alm\mbhsâ a¡Ä, {]`p-hnsâ hoc--·mÀ, DÀhnbm ]cn Jy³ kzÀKs¯ DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¡p-¶-hÀ, Npänepw ]cs¡ t\m¡p-¶p-v. 3. Di´n Lm tX AarXmk GXþ tZIky NnXv XyPkw aÀ¯yky \n tX at\m a\kn [m¿kvta P\ypx ]Xn-kvX-\z-am- hn-hniymx tX Aar-Xmkx GXZv L XyPkw Di´n (ban:) AaÀ¯yÀ CXv B{K-ln-¡p-I-Xs¶ sN¿p-¶p. GIky NnZv aÀ¯yky aÀ¯y³ am{Xw Hcp-hsâ ss]Xr-Iw. tX a\x Akvta a\kn \n [mbn \nsâ- a-\Êv Fsâ a\ ÊnÂ, F¶nÂ, sh¡s¸-Ss«! ]Xnx P\ypx X\zw B hnhniymx `À¯m-sh¶ \ne-bn \o \nsâ `mcy-bpsS ico-c-¯n {]thin¨mepw! 4. \ bXv ]pcm NIram IZv l \q\þ arXm hZt´m A\rXw ct]a KÔÀthm A]vkz]ym N tbmjm km t\m \m`nx ]caw Pman X¶u ]pcm bZv \ NIra (b-a³:) \mw ap³]v sN¿m-¯Xv Ct¸mÄ sN¿-Wtam? EXm hZ´x IZv l A\rXw \q\w ct]a kXy-§Ä {]Jym-]n-¡p-t¼mÄ \mw AkXyw ]ndp-]n-dp-¡ -Wtam? A]vkp KÔÀhx A]ym km tbmjm N \x \m`nx Pe¯nse KÔÀh\pw Pe-I-\y-Ibpw þ AXmWv \½psS \m`o\m-f-_-Ôw. XZv \u Pman ]caw AXp-sImv \½psS _ÔpXzw Gähpw D¶-Xa-t{X. 5. KÀt` \p \u P\nXm Z¼Xo IÀþ tZh-kvXzjvSm khnXm hniz-cq]x \In-cky {] an-\´n {hXm\n thZ- \m-h-ky -]r-Ynho DX Zyux P\nXm hniz-cq]x khnXm XzjvSm tZhx (ban:) P\n-Xmhpw FÃm cq]-§fpw \ÂIp¶ t{]c-I-³ XzjvSr -tZ-h\pw KÀt` \p \u Z-¼Xo Ix KÀ`-¯nÂt¸mepw \s½ cp-t]-scbpw Z¼-Xn-I-fmbmWv krjvSn-¨-Xv. Aky {hXm\n \Inx {] an\´n Ahsâ \nb-a-§sf Bcpw AXn-{I-an-¡p-¶n-Ã. \u Aky ]rYnho DX Zyux thZ \s½-¸-än-bpÅ CXv `qanbpw kzÀKhpw {i²n-¡p-¶p. 6. tIm Aky thZ {]Y-a-kymÓx I Cuw ZZÀi I Cl {] thmNXv _rl-·n-{Xky hcp-Wky [ma IZp {_h Blt\m hoNym \rr³ {]Y-aky AÓx Aky Ix thZ? (ba:) BZy-Zn-hkw CtX¸än Bc-dn-bp¶p? Cl Ix Cuw ZZÀi? CXv BcmWv In-«p-ÅXv? -Ix {] thmNXv? Bcv CXv {]Jym-]n¡p¶p? an{Xky hcp-Wky [ma _rlZv an{X-sâbpw hcp-Wsâbpw \nbaw Kw`o-c-a-t{X. Bl\x \rr³ hoNym IZv D {_hx? t`mKm-ktà! D¶-X]p-cp-j(tZ-h-·m)-sc-¸än \o t\Àhgn hn«p kwkm-cn-¡pt¶m? 7. baky am bayw Ima BK³ kamt\ tbm\u kl-ti-¿mb Pmtbh ]tXy X\zw cncnNymw ho NnZv hrtlh ctYyh N{Im bayw baky kamt\ tbm\u (ban:) b-an-¡v (F\n¡p) ba-t\mSv Htc tbm\nbn (Ø-e-¯v) kl-ti-¿mb Imax am B AK³ H¶n¨p InS¡m³ Imaw hcs«! Pmbm Ch ]tXy X\zw cncnNymw `mcy `À¯m-hn-s¶-¶t]mse Rm³ Fsâ- i-cocw \n\¡p Xpd-¶p -Im«mw! cYym Ch N{Im hn hrtlh NnXv cp N-{I-§-sf-t¸mse (N{I-§sfmcp-an¨v cY-s¯ DbÀ¯p¶-Xp \aps¡m¶n¨p ImaapbÀ¯n hnl-cn¨mepw! 8. \ XnjvT´n \ \n an-j-t´ytX tZhm\mw kv]i Cl tX Nc´n At\y\ aZm-lt\m bmln Xqbw tX\ hn hrl ctYyh N{Im tb Cl tZhm\mw kv]ix Nc´n (b-a³:) AhÀ þ ChnsS Npän¯n-cn-bp¶ tZh-Nm-c·mÀ þ GtX \ XnjvT´n \ \n anj´n \nÝ-e-cmbn \n¡p¶nÃ; Ca Nn½p-¶n-Ã. Bl\x aZv At\y\ Xqbw bmln t`mKm-ktà! Rms\mgn¨p asäm-cm-fp-sam¯v thKw t]mbmepw! cYym Ch N{Im tX\ hn hrl cp N-{I-§-sf-t¸mse (N{I-§sfmcp-an¨v cY-s¯ DbÀ¯p¶-Xp-t]m -se) Ah-t\m-sSm¯v ImaapbÀ¯n hnl-cn¨mepw! 9. cm{Xo-`n-ckvam Al-`nÀZ-i-tkyXv kqcyky N£pÀap-lp-cp-·n-ao-bmXv Znhm ]rYnhym anYp\m k_Ôq baoÀb-a-ky-_n-`r-bm-Z-Pman cm{Xo`nx Al`nx Akvssa Zi-tkyXv (ban:) cm¸-I AhÄ Ahs\ tkhn-¡s«! aplpx kqcyky N£px DZv anao-bmXv AhÄ¡v hopw kqcysâ I®n-¶-Sp-t¯¡p bm{X t]mIm³ Ign-bs«! anYp\m Znhm ]rYnhym k_Ôq Z¼-Xn-IÄ¡p kzÀK¯n\pw `qan-¡p-sa-¶-t]m-se AtX _Ôp-_ -Ô-§fpv. baox APman _n`r-bmXv ban¡v ktlm-Z-c\p tNcm¯ {]hr¯n kln-¡s«! 10. B Lm Xm KÑm-\p-¯cm bpKm\n b{X Pmabx IrW-h-¶-Pman D] _À_rln hrj-`mb _mlpþ a\y-an-Ñkz kp`tK ]Xnw aXv A{X Pmabx APman IrW-h³ (b-a³:) _Ôp-¡Ä _Ôp-¡-f-Ãm-¯-hcpambpÅ {]hÀ¯-\-a-\p-jvTn -¡p¶ Xm D-¯cm bpKm\n B KÑm³ L A\-´-c-X-e-ap-d-IÄ hcpw. hrj-`mb _mlpw D] _À_rln Hcp bYmÀY-Im-f-bv¡p-thn \nsâ ssIIÄ Xe-b-W-t]m-se- D -bÀ¯n-sh¨mepw! kp`tK aZv A\yw ]Xnw CÑkz kp`tK! Rms\m-gn¨p asäm-cmsf `À¯m-hmbn At\z-jn-¨mepw! 11. Inw {`mXmkZv bZ-\mYw `hmXn Inap kzkm b¶n-cr-XnÀ\n-K-ÑmXv Ima-arXm _tlzXZv c]man X\zm ta X\zw kw]n]rKv[n bZv A\mYw `hmXn {`mXm Inw AkXv? (ban:) A\m-YXzw `hn-¡p-t¼mÄ ""ktlm-Z-c³'' F¶-Xn\v F´m -WÀY-w? bZv \ncrXnx \nK-ÑmXv kzkm Inw D? {]fbw hcn-I-bmsW¦n ""ktlm-Zcn'' F¶Xn\pw? Ima-aqXm _lp GXZv c]man Imaw sXfn-¡p-t¼mÄ ]e ka-b¯pw Rm\nXv ]ndp-]n-dp-¡p¶p: ta X\zm X\zw kw ]n]rKv[n \nsâ -i-cocw Fsâ ico-ct¯m-sSm-¶n¨p tNÀ¯mepw! 12. \ hm D tX X\zm X\zw kw ]]rNymw ]m]-am-lpÀbx kzkmcw \nKÑmXv At\y\ aXv {]ap-Zx- I-ev]-bkz \ tX {`mXm kp`tK hjvtSy-XXv tX X\zm X\zw \ ssh kw ]]rNymw (b-a³:) XoÀ¨-bmbpw- Rm³ Fsâ icocw \nsâ ico-c-t¯mSp tNÀ¡n-Ã. bx kzkmcw \nK-ÑmXv ]m]w Blpx ktlm-Z-cn-tbm-sSm¸w XmWp-t]m-Ip¶h-s\-¸än AhÀ ]m]n-sb¶p ]d-bp¶p. aZv At\y\ {]apZx Iev]-bkz Rs\m-gn¨p asäm-cm-fp-ambn \o B\-µ-§Ä km[n-¨mepw! kp`tK tX {`mXm GXZv \ hjvSn kp`tK! \nsâ- k-tlm-Z-c³ CXm-{K-ln-¡p-¶n-Ã. 13. _tXm -_-Xmkn ba ss\h tX at\m lrZbw Nmhn-Zma A\ym Ine Xzmw It£yh bpàw ]cn-jz-PmtX en_p-tPh hr£w ba _Xx Akn; _Xx (ban:) bam! \o Xmt´m-¶n-bmWv; icn¡pw Xmt´m¶n! tX a\x lrZbw N \ Gh Ahn-Zma R§Ä¡v \nsâ a\Êpw lrZ-bhpw Xs¶ a\-Ên-em-Ip-¶nÃ! A\ym Xzm I£ym Ch bpàw asäm-cphÄ \ns¶, \Sp-s¡-«p-]-« \pI-¯n sI«nb IpXn-csb-sb-¶ -t]m-sebpw en_pPm Ch hr£w ]cn-jz-PmtX Ine ap´n-cn-s¨Sn acs¯-sb-¶-t]m-sebpw, XoÀ¨-bmbpw BtÇ -jn¡pw! 14. A\yaq jp Xzw bay\y D Xzmw ]cn-jz-PmtX en_p-tPh hr£w Xky hm Xzw a\ CÑm k hm Xhmþ [m IrWpjz kwhn[w kp`{Zmw ban Xzw A\yw D kp A\yx D Xzmw (b-a³:) bao! \o asämcp-hs\bpw Ah³ \ns¶bpw, en_p-Pm -hr£w Ch ]cn-jz-PmtX ap´ncns¨Sn ac-s¯-sb-¶-t]m-se, BtÇ-jn¡pw. Xzw Xky hm a\x CÑ kx hm \o Ah-sâ- a-\Êv tXSpItbm Ah³ \nsâtbm tXSn-bmepw! A[ Xh kp`{Zmw kwhnZw IrWpjz A\-´cw \n§ÄXs¶ hfsc `{Z-amb D-S-¼-Sn-bp-m-¡nbmepw! ]¯mw aWvU-ew, ]Xnaq¶mw kqàw lhnÀ[m\ BwKn AYhm hnh-kzm³ BZnXy³ Ejn; 5 ]Zy-§Ä; {XnjvSp¸v (PKXn 5 Hgn-sI); lhnÀ[m- \-sa¶p t]cpÅ (tkm-a-sâ) cp hn-IÄ tZhX A\p-{I-a-Wn-b-\p-k-cn¨v Cu kqàw bÚ-`q-an-bn-te¡p tkmaw sImp-h-cp¶ lhnÀ[m-\-sa¶ cp hn-I-Ä¡mWv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xv. kqà-¯n hn-Isf hyà-ambn ]cm-aÀin-¨n-«n-sÃ-¦nepw Cu kaÀ¸- W-h-kvXpX icn-bm-Wv. ]n¡m-e¯v -b-Ú-¯n-te¡p hn-bp-´p-t¼mÄ Du kqà-¯nse BZys¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä sNmÃm-dp-ÅXv Cu ]mc-¼-cys¯ Dd-¸n-¡p-¶p-ap-v. CXnse ]Zy-§Ä AYÀh-th-Z-¯n D²-cn-¡-s¸- «p-Im-Wp¶p. BZys¯ cp kqà-§Ä bÚ-`q-an-bn-te¡p tkmas¯ hn-bn Ibän sImp-t]m-Ip-¶- Xm-Wv. aq¶mw ]Zyw CXp XpS-cp-¶p. \memw ]Zyw tZh-·mÀ¡p bÚw sN¿m³ thn AaÀ¯y-\mb ba³ acWw hcn-¡p¶ IY kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. A©mw ]Zyw cnsâ XpSÀ¨-X-s¶. 1. bptP hmw {_Ò ]qÀhyw \tam-`nÀþ hn tÇmI GXp ]tYyh kqtcx irWz´p hntiz Aar-Xky ]p{Xm B tb [mam\n Znhym\n XØpx hmw ]qÀhyw {_Ò \tam`nx bptP Rm³ \n§Ä¡p-thn cn-s\bpw {]mNo-\-amb ]hn-{X-a-´t¯mSp -IqSn kmZcw \pI-¯n sI«p-¶p. kqtcx tÇmIx ]Yym Ch hn GXp c£n-Xm-hn-sâ- kq-N-\hnfn A-I-te¡pÅ ]Ùm-hn-s\-t¸mse apt¶m«p t]mIs«. tb Znhym\n [mam\n B XØpx kzÀK-km-{am-Py-¯n \nh-kn-¡p¶ hntiz Aar-Xky ]p{Xmx irWz´p FÃm Aar-X-(tZ-h)]p-{X-·mcpw AXp {i²n-¡s«. 2. bta Ch bX-amt\ bssZXw {] hmw `c-·m-\pjm tZh-b´x B koZXw kzap temIw hnZmt\ kzmktØ `h-X-an-µth \x bXv kzw D temIw bta Ch bX-amt\ sFXw kz´w Øe-§sf Cc-«-I-sf-t¸msesbSp-¯p-sImv \n§Ä ChnsS h¶-t¸mÄ, tZh-b´x am\pjmx hmw {] `cXv tZhm-t\z-jn-I-fmb a\pjyÀ \n§sf apt¶m«p sImp-h-¶p. hnZmt\ kzmktØ koZXw \n§Ä¡-dn-bp-¶-t]m-se, ChnsS hnim-e-amb kz´w Øe¯v \n§Ä Ccp¶mepw! \x Cµth `hXw R§-fpsS (tkm-a)-I-W-¯n-\p-thn \à Ccn-¸n-S-§-fm-bn-¯o-À¶mepw! 3. ]© ]Zm\n cpt]m A\z-tcm-lw NXp-jv]Zoat\zan {htX\ A£-tcW {]Xn- an-a GXmþ arXky \m`m-a[n kw ]p\man cp]x ]© ]Zm\n A\p Atcmlw Rm³ Ib-ä-¯nsâ A©p ]Sn-IfneqsS Ib-dpIbpw {htX\ NXp-jv]Zow A\p Gan \nba-{]-Imcw NXp-jv]Zn (]m-X, ]Zyw, hm¡v)sb ]n´pScp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. A£-tcW GXmw {]Xn anta shdp-sam-c-£-cw-sImv Rm³ AXn\p ]I-c-ambn Hcp hm¡p-m-¡p¶p. EXky A[n \m`u kw ]p\man kXy-¯nsâ s]m¡nÄs¡mSn-¡p-ta Rm³ AXns\ ]qÀW-ambn ]hn -{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. 4. tZth`yx Ia-hr-WoX arXypw {]Pm-ssbIaarXw \mhr-WoX _rl-kv]Xnw bÚ-a-Ir-WzX Ejnw {]nbmw ba-kvX\zw {]mcn-tc-NoXv tZth`yx Iw arXypw Ahr-WoX tZh-·mÀ¡p-thn Ah³ acWw hcn-¡p-Ibpw {]Pmssb Iw AarXw \ Ahr-WoX k´-Xn-¡p-thn Aar-XXzw hcn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. _rl-kv]Xnw Ejnw bÚw AIr-WzX AhÀ (tZ-h-·mÀ) _rl-kv]Xn Ejnsbs¡mv bÚw sN¿p¶p. bax {]nbmw X\zw {] Acn-tc-NoXv ba³ Xsâ {]nbicocs¯ k´Xn-bmbn ]n¶n hnSp¶p. 5. k]vX £c´n inith acp-XztX ]nt{X ]p{Xmtkm A]y-ho-hX-¶rXw Dt` CZ-tkym-`-bky cmPX Dt` btXtX D`-bky ]pjyXx k]vX acp-XztX ]nt{X inith £c´n Ggp (\Zn-IÄ?) a-cp-¯p-¡-fm AI-¼Sn tkhn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ Ipªn-\p (C{µ-\p)thn Hgp-Ip-¶p. ]p{Xmkx A]n EXw Aho-h-X³ Imc-Ww, ]p{X-·mcpw kXyw Adn-ª-h-cmIp-¶p.- Dt` CZv Aky D`-bky cmP-Xx- c-p (-h-n-I-fpw) cp Xc-¯n-epÅXns\ (tkm-a-s\, tkmas¯?)bpw `cn-¡p-¶p. Dt` btXtX D`-bky ]pjyXx cpw Ah-bpsS Øe-§-sf-Sp-¡p-Ibpw cp Xc-¯n-ep-Å-h-bn-sem - ¶ns\ apt¶m«p sImp-t]m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ]¯mw aWvU-ew, ]Xn\memw kqàw ba sshh-kz-X³ Ejn; 16 ]Zy-§Ä; {XnjvSp¸v (A\p-jvSp¸v 13-þ14, 16, _rlXn 15 F¶nh Hgn-sI); ba³ apX-em-b-hÀ tZhX ivaim-\-kq-à-§-fn BZyt¯-Xm-Wn-Xv. BZyw acn-¡p-¶-h\pw arX-tem-I-¯nsâ cmPmhpamb ba-¶m- WnXv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]qÀhn-I-À basâ Øe-¯mWv Xma-kn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]pXp-Xmbn acn-¡p-¶-h³ ]nXr- bm-\-¯n-eqsS Ahn-sS-sb-¯p-¶p. BZyw acn¨ ba-\mWo hgn Ip-]n-Sn-¡p-¶-Xv. {]k-¶-hpw kpP-e-k-ar- ²hpw (9) ]¨-¸pÂta-Sp-Å-Xp-amWv (2) Cu hgn. Cu kqà-¯n\p aq¶p `mK-§Ä: 1þ6- ]-Zy-§Ä ba-kvXp-Xn. 1- þ2 ]Zy-§Ä ss]Xr-I-tem-I-¯nsâ ]Y-{]-]-ZÀi-I-s\¶ \ne-bn bas\ kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶v tZh-·mcpw ]nXr-¡-fp-amb aäp-Å-h-tcm-Sp-IqSn bÚ-¯n-te¡p hcm³ bas\ £Wn-¡p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ¡pw ]nXr- ¡Ä¡papÅ bÚ-hn-fn-IÄ Aev]w hyXy-kvX-am-bh-bm-sW-¶Xv {it²-b-at{X: tZh-·mÀ¡p kzmlm, ]nXr- ¡Ä¡p kz[m (3). tZh-þ-]n-Xr-b-Ú-co-Xn-Ifpw ChnsSbpw 13-þ16 ]Zy-§-fnepw kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ba¶p tkmaw {]tXy-I-ambn kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. 7þ12- ]-Zy-§-fn ]t-bpÅ Cu ac-Ws¯¸-änb-Ã. ASp-¯-Im-et¯Xns\-¸-än-bmWv ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xv. ASp¯ Ime¯v acn¨-hs\ kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Ah³ AtX hgn-bn-eqsS sN¶v ba-t\mSpw ]nXr-¡- tfmSpw AXyp-¶-X-kzÀK-¯n tNcWw. Xm¡m-en-I-ambn ]ncnª tZl-hp-ambn hopw H¶n-¨p-tN-cp-I-t]m- ep-am-hmw (7-þ8). hgn-bn D]-{Z-hn-¡m³ km[y-X-bp-Å-hsc XÅn-¡-f-bp¶p (9). basâ cv Du¡³\m-b-IÄ Ahs\ Im¡m-\p-m-hpw (10-þ12). Ah-km-\s¯ -\mep ]Zy-§Ä (13-þ16) `n¶-hr-¯-¯n-em-Wv;-Hs¶m-gn-sI. BZys¯ aqs¶®w ba\p bÚw sN¿m³ ]d-bp-¶p. \mem-a-t¯Xv (16) Gsd-¡psd Ahy-à-am-Wv. 1. ]tc-bn-hmwkw {]htXm alo-c\p _lp`yx ]Ùm-a-\p-]-kv]-im\w sshh-kzXw kwK-a\w P\m\mw baw cmPm\w lhnjm Zphky _lp`yx ]Ùmw A\p-]-kv]-im\w ]e-cp-sSbpw amÀKw Nmc·mcneqsS a\-Ên-em-¡n-s¡mv {]hXx alox ]tc-bn-hmwkw A\p henb sNcn-hp-I-tfm-sSm¸w acn-¨p-t]m-b-ht\m-Sv, -P\m\mw kwK-a\w P\-§sf GIo-I-cn-¡p¶ sshh-kzXw baw cmPm\w hnh-kzXv]p{X-\mb bacmPt\m-Sv lhnjm Zphky lhn-cÀ¸-W-¯n-eqsS B\p-Iqeyw ImWn-¨mepw! 2. btam t\m KmXpw {]Ytam hnthZ ss\jm Khyq-Xn-c-]-`À¯hm D b{Xm \x ]qÀth ]nXcx ]tc-bpþ tc\m PÚm\mx ]Yym A\p kzmx bax {]Yax \x KmXpw hnthZ ba-\mWv BZyw R§Ä¡p t]mIm-\pÅ hgn Is¯p¶Xv: Gjm KhyqXnx \ A]-`À¯ssh D Cu ta¨nÂ{]-tZiw aämcpsSbpamI-cp-Xv. A{X ]qÀth \x ]nXcx ]tcbpx {]mNo-\-cmb R§-fpsS acn-¨p-t]mb ]nXm-¡-fpsS hgn, G\mx PÚm\mx kzmx ]Yymx A\p ]n¶oSp P\n-¨-h-À X§-fpsS hgn-I-tfm-sSm¸w ]n´p-S-cp-¶p. 3. amXeo IsshyÀbtam AwKn-tcm-`nÀþ _rl-kv]-Xn-cr-Iz-`nÀhm-hr-[m\x bm³ N tZhm hmhr[pÀtb N tZhm³ kzmlmt\y kz[-bmt\y aZ´n amXeo Isshyx hhr-[m\x amXen Ihn-I-tfm-sSm¸w hfÀ¯-s¸-Sp-¶p; bax AwKn-tcm`nx _rl-kv]Xnx EIz`nx ba³ AwKn-c-Êp-Itfm-sSm-¸hpw _rl-kv]Xn E¡p-Im-c-·m-tcm -sSm-¸hpw. bm³ tZhmx N tb N tZhm³ hhr[px AhÀ tZh-·mscbpw tZh-·mÀ Ah-scbpw iàn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. At\y kzmlm At\y kz[bm aZ´n Hcp Iq«À (tZ-h·mÀ) ""kzmlm''-hn-fn-sImpw aä-hÀ (]n-Xr -¡Ä) ""kz[m''hnfn-sImpw aZw sImÅp-¶p. 4. Caw ba {]kvX-cam ln koZmwþ Kntcm`nx ]nXr`nx kwhn-Zm\x B Xzm a{´mx Ihn-i-kvXm-h-lþ t´z\m cmP³ lhnjm amZ-bkz Caw {]kvXcw ba AwKn-tcm`nx ]nXr`nx CXm ]ncn-¨n« ZÀ`¸p-Ãp-IÄ, bam!, AwKn-c-Êp-I-tfmSpw R§ - -fpsS ]nXm¡-tfm-Sp-w kwhn-Zm\x B koZ H-cp-an¨v CXn-t·Â Ccp-¶mepw! ln Ihn-ikvXmx a{´mx Xzm B hl´p Ihn-IÄ D¨-cn¡p¶ a{´-§Ä \n§sf ChnsS hcp-¯s«! cmP³ G\m lhnjm amZ-bkz cmPmth! Cu lhn-ÊpsImv aZw ]qmepw! 5. AwKn-tcm-`ncm Kln bÚn-tb-`nÀþ a sshcq-ss]-cnl amZ-bkz hnh-kz´w lpth bx ]nXm tXþ kvan³ btÚ _Àlnjym \njZy bÚn-tb`nx AwKn-tcm`nx B Kln bÚmÀl-·m-cmb AwKn-c-Êp-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn ChnsS h¶mepw! ba bx tX ]nXm hnh-kz´w B lpth bam! \nsâ AÑ\mb hnh-kzms\ Rm³ hnfn-¡p-¶p. Akvan³ btÚ _Àlnjn \njZy Cu bÚ-¯n- -hnip-²-ZÀ`-¸p-Ãn-en-cp¶v sshcqss]x Cl amZ-bkz sshcq-]-(hn-hn-[-cq-]-bp-à)·mtcm-sSm¸w ChnsS aZw sImmepw! 6. AwKn-ctkm \x ]nXtcm \hKzm AYÀhmtWm `rKhx tkmaymkx tXjmw hbw kpaXu bÚn-bm-\mþ a]n `t{Z kua-\tk kyma \x ]nXcx AwKn-ckx \hKzmx R§-fpsS ]nXm-¡-fmb AwKn-c-Êp-Itf! \h-Kz-·mtc! AYÀhmWx tkmaymkx `rKhx AYÀhm¡tf! tkmamÀlcmb `rKp-¡tf! hbw bÚn-bm\mw tXjmw kpaXu kyma R§Ä bÚmÀl-cmb Ch-cpsS B\p-Iq-ey-¯n-em-hs«! kua-\tk `t{Z A]n R§fn Ah-cpsS {]km-Z-]qÀhamb Zbbpm-hp-Ibpw sN¿s«! 7. t{]ln t{]ln ]Yn`nx ]qÀthy`nÀþ b{Xm \x ]qÀth ]nXcx ]tcbpx D`m cmPm\m kz[bm aZ´m baw ]iymkn hcpWw N tZhw b{X \x ]qÀth ]nXcx ]tcbpx R§-fpsS {]mNo-\-cmb ]nXm-¡Ä acn-¨p-t]mb ]qÀthy`nx ]Yn-`nx- t{]ln t{]ln {]mNo-\-amb hgn-I-fneqsS apt¶m-«p-t]m-bmepw! apt¶m-«p-t]m-bmepw! cm-Pm\m D`m baw tZhw hcpWw N cmPm-¡-·mcpw ba\pw tZh-\mb hcp-W\pw kz[bm aZ-´m -]iymkn kz[m-hn-fn-bm aZw sImÅp-¶h-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶Xv \n§Ä Imepw! 8. kwK-Ñkz ]nXr`nx kw btat\þ jvSm]qÀt¯\ ]cta thyma³ lnXzm bmhZv bw ]p\-c-kvX-taln kwK-Ñkz X\zm kphÀ¨mx ]nXr`nx kw K-Ñkz bta\ kw ]qÀh-]n-Xm-¡fpambn kwKan¨mepw! ba-\pambn kwKan-¨mepw! ]cta thyma³ CjvSm-]qÀt¯\ ]c-a-amb kzÀK-¯n bÚ-]-chpw Zm\-kw-_-Ôn-bp-am-b-hbp-ambn kwKan-¨mepw! AhZyw lnXzmb ]p\x AkvXw B Cln A]qÀW-am-bXns\ ]n¶n-em¡ns¡mv hopw ho«n-te¡p h¶mepw! X\zm kphÀ¨mx kw KÑkz ico-c-hpw ]qÀW-tX-P-Êpambn kwKan-¨mepw! 9. At]X hoX hn N kÀ¸-XmtXm kvam GXw ]nXtcm temI-a-{I³ Atlm-`n-c-Zv`n-c-àp-`nÀhyàw btam ZZm-Xy-h-km-\-akvssa AXx A] CX hn kÀ¸X N \n§-sfÃmw Zqsc t]mbmepw; AIse amdn-t¸mbmepw! Chn-sS-\n¶p ]Xp -§n-¸-Xp-§n-¸mbmepw! Akvssa ]nXcx GXw temIw A{I³ Ah-\p-th-n-bmWv ]nXm-¡Ä Cu temIw krjvSn-¨-Xv. bax Atlm`nx Aàp`nx AZv`nx hyàw ba³ cm¸-ep-I-fnep-S-\ofw shůnsâ \\-hpÅ Ah-km\w Akvssa ZZmXn hn{i-a-Øm-\w Ah\p \ÂIp¶p. 10. AXn {Zh kmctabu izm\u NXp-c£u i_fu km[p\m ]Ym AYm ]nXrr³ kphn-Z-{Xm-\p-t]ln bta\ tb k[-amZw aZ´n kmc-tabu NXp-c£u i_fu izm\u kca t]män-hfÀ¯nb \mep I®p-Å-hbpw s]m«pw ]pÅn-bp - ap-Åhbpamb cp \mbv¡sf, km[p\m ]Ym AXn {Zh t\sc e£y-¯n-te¡p \bn-¡p¶ hgn-bn-eqsS, adn-I-S¶mepw! AY kphn-Z-{Xm³ tb bta\ ]ns¶, ImWm³ \Ã-hcpw ba-\p-ambn k[-amZw aZ´n ]nXrr³ Dt]ln tNÀ¶pÅ lÀtjm-Õh-¯n aZ-¯n-se-¯n-b-h-cp-amb ]nXm-¡-fpsS ASp-s¯-¯nbmepw! 11. bu tX izm\u ba-c-£n-Xmcu NXp-c-£u ]Yn-c£o -\rN-£ku Xm`ym-ta\w ]cn-tZln cmP³ kzkvXn Nmkvam A\-aohw N t[ln ba tX c£n-Xm-cu- NXp-c£u bam! \o c£n-Xm-hm-b, \mep I®p-Å-hbpw \rN-£mku ]-Yn-c£o a\p-jy-cp-sS-ta I®p-sh-¡p-¶hbpw hgn c£n-¡p-¶-h-cp-amb - bu izm\u Xm`ymw cmP³ G\w ]cn tZln \nsâ B cp \mbv¡Ä¡p, cmPm-th, Ahs\ sIm -Sp¯mepw! Akvssa kzkvXn N A\-aohw N t[ln Ah\p kuJyhpw Btcm-Kyhpw \ÂInbmepw! 12. Dcq-W-k-h-kp-Xr]m DZpw-_eu baky ZqXu NctXm P\m\\p Xmh-kva-`yw -Zr-itb kqcymb ]p\ÀZm-Xm-a-kp-a-tZyl `{Zw Dcq-Wku DZpw-_eu baky ZqXu cp henb aq¡p-hcpw Nph¸pþXhn«p\nd-apÅhcp-am-b basâ cp ZqX-·mÀ Akp-Xr]u P\m³ A\p NcXx PohnXw Ih-cp-¶-hcpw P\-§sf ]n´p-S-cp-¶-h-cp-am-Ip-¶p. Xu kqcym Zritb ]p\x `{Zw Akpw Cu Ccp-hÀ kqcys\ ImWm³ C\nbpw `mKy]qÀW-amb Po-hn-Xw AZy Cl Akva`yw ZmXmw C¶v ChnsS R§Ä¡p \ÂIs«! 13. bamb tkmaw kp\pX bamb PplpXm lhnx aw l btÚm KÑþ Xyán-ZqtXm Acw-IrXx bamb tkmaw kp\pX ba-\p-thn tkmakh\w sNbvXmepw!- bamb lhnx PplpX ba-\p-thn lhn-ÊÀ¸n-¨mepw! Aán-ZqXx Acw-IrXx ZqX-\mb Aán-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb, bYmhn[n A\p-jvTn¨ bÚx baw l KÑXn bÚw ba-\n-te¡p t]mIp-¶p. 14. bamb LrX-h-²-hnÀþ PptlmX {] N XnjvTX k t\m tZthjzm baZv ZoÀL-ambpx {] Pohtk bamb LrX-hZv lhnx PptlmX ba-\p-thn s\bv tNÀ¯ lhnÊv tlman-¨mepw! {] XnjvTX N apt¶m«p sh¨mepw! {] Pohtk ]qÀW-Po-hn-X-¯n-\p-thn kx tZthjp \x ZoÀLw Bbpx B baXv Ah³ tZh·m-cn-se¯pIbpw R§Ä¡p ZoÀLm-bpÊp \ÂIpIbpw sN¿s«! 15. bamb a[p-a-¯aw cmtÚ lhyw Pptlm-X\ CZw \a Ejn`yx ]qÀh-tP`yx ]qÀth`yx ]Yn-IrZv`yx cmtÚ bamb a[p-a-¯aw lhyw Pptlm-X\ cmPm-hmb ba-\p-thn Gähpw tX³ tNÀ¯ lhn -ÊÀ¸n-¡qw. ]qÀh-tP`yx ]Yn-IrZv`yx ]qÀth`yx ap³]p P\n-¨-hcpw ]Yn-Ir-¯p-¡-fp-am-b -]qÀhn-I-cmb Ejn`yx CZw \ax Ejn-IÄ¡v CXm \a-kvImcw! 16. {XnI-{Zp-tI`nx ]XXn jfpÀho-tc-I-anZv _rlXv {XnjvSp_vKmb{Xo Oµmwkn kÀhm Xm ba BlnXm {XnI{Zp-tI`nx ]XXn Ah³ {XnI-{Zp-I-§sfm¯v ]d-¡p-¶p. jUv DÀhox GIw CZv _rlXv Bdv henbhbpw H¶p am{Xw I\-¯-Xp-am-Wv. {XnjvSp]v Kmb{Xo Oµmwkn -{Xn-jvSp¸v, Kmb-{Xn, Oµ-Êp-IÄ þ Xm kÀhm bta BlnXm Ch-sbÃmw ba-\n Øm]n-X-a-t{X. ]¯mw aWvUew, ]Xn\mdmw kqàw Za\ bmam-b-\³ Ejn;,14 ]Zy-§Ä; {XnjvSp¸v (A\p-jvSp¸v 11þ14 Hgn-sI); Aán tZhX ap³kq-àm´y-¯nse iva-im-\m-án-tI{µo-I-cWw ChnsS hnI-kn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu Aán acn-¨-h\v ]nXr- km-{am-Py-¯n-te-¡pÅ A\p-Kr-lo-X-amb Hcp tamN-\-ambpw ih-i-co-c-¯n\v iey-ambpw ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n Cu D`-b-`m-h\ hyà-ambn {]ZÀin-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. AhnsS ico-cs¯ Zln-¸n-¡-cp-sX¶v Aán-tbmSp bmNn-¡p-¶p. AXns\ ]nXr-¡fnte¡p sNÃm³ ]mI-¯n thhn-¨m aXn. cmw ]Zy-¯nepw Cu hnImcw BhÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw ih-bm{X XpS-§p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n ih-i-cocw t\cn«v kwt_m-[\ sN¿- s¸-Sp-¶p. AXnsâ `mK-§Ä AXXp {]Ir-Xn-i-àn-I-fn ebn-¡p-¶p. cp ]Zy-§ÄIqSn Aán-¡m-Wv (4-þ5). ChnsS 1þ2 ]Zy-§-fnse Bi-b-§-fpsS `wKy-´-tc-W-bpÅ BhÀ¯-\w. 6þ7 ]Zy-§-fn hopw ih-i-cocw kwt_m-[\ sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. ivaim-\m-ánbpw tkma-\p-amWv acWw Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯p-Isb¶v Bdn ]d-bp-¶p. AtX Aán-bnÂ\n¶p c£-t\-Sm-\mWv, ]t£, Ggnse DZvt_m-[-\w. Ft«m-Sp-IqSn kwkvImcw Ah-km-\n-¡p- ¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. ih-a-S¡w Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-tXm-sS, Aaw-K-f-I-chpw ià-hp-amb ivaim-\mán sb¸än {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶p (9-þ12). \ncp-]-{Z-hhpw awK-f-I-c-hp-amb Aán-bpsS aWvU-e-¯n-te¡v AXns\ ]p\-cp-Zv{K-Yn- ¡p-¶p. Cd¨n Xn¶p¶ Aán BZyw tZh-·mÀ¡pÅ lhnÊv kzoI-cn-¡p¶ atä Aán-bnÂ\n¶v thÀXn-cn-¡- s¸-Sp-¶p. ]{´mw ]Zy-¯n Aán-bpsS Cu cq]-m´-co-I-cWw ]qÀW-am-hp-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ 13-þ14 ]Zy- §Ä ivaim-\-`qan {]IrXnbnte¡p Xncn-¨-h-cp-¶-Xmbn ImWn-¡p-¶p. AhnsS Xo sISp-Ibpw kky-§Ä apf- ¨p-h-cn-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. 1. ssa\-atá hn Ztlm am`n- timtNm amky XzNw Nn£nt]m am icocw bZm irXw IrWthm PmX-thtZmþ tYta\w {] lnWp-XmXv ]nXr`yx Atá G\w am hn Zlx am A`n timNx Atá! Ahs\ Zln-¸n-¡-cp-Xv; Ahs\ s]mÅn-¡-cp-Xv. Aky XzNw am icocw am Nn£n]x Ahsâ sXmentbm tZltam Icn-¡-cp-Xv. PmX-thZx bZm irXw IrWhx PmX-th-ZtÊ! \o Ahs\ ]mIw sN¿m³ k¶-²-\m-hp-t¼mÄ AY Cuw G\w ]nXr`yx {] lnWp-XmXv Ahs\ ]nXr-¡Ä¡p \ÂIn-bmepw! 2. irXw bZm Ickn PmX-thtZmþ tYta\w ]cn Z¯mXv ]nXr`yx bZm KÑm-Xy-kp-\o-Xn-ta-Xmþ aYm tZhm\mw hi-\o- `-hmXn PmX-thZx bZm irXw Ickn PmX-th-ZtÊ! \o Ahs\ ]mIw sN¿m³ k¶-²-\m-hp-t¼mÄ AY Cuw G\w ]nXr`yx ]cn Z¯mXv Ahs\ ]nXr¡Ä¡p \ÂIn-bmepw! bZm GXmw Akp-\oXnw KÑmXn A\y-Po-hn-X-¯n-te¡p \bn-¡p¶ hgn-bn t]mIm-s\m-cp-§p-t¼mÄ AY tZhm\mw hi\ox `hmXn tZh-·m-cpsS CÑ-bn Ah³ \bn-¡p¶p. 3. kqcyw N£pÀK-ÑXp hmX-amßm Zymw N KÑ ]rYnhow N [ÀaWm At]m hm KÑ bZn X{X tX ln Xþ tamj-[ojp {]Xn XnjvTm icosscx N£px kqcyw KÑXp Bßm hmXw \nsâ I®p kqcy-\nte¡p t]mIs«; \nsâ B-ßm-hv ({]mW³) Imän-te-¡pw. [ÀaWm bZn Zymw N ]rYnhow N KÑ Bhp-¶-t]mse kzÀK-¯n-te¡pw `qan-bn-te¡pw t]mbmepw! A]x hm X{X tX lnXw KÑ AsÃ-¦nÂ, shÅ-¯n-te-¡v, Ahn-sS-bmWv \n\-¡p-thn \nÝ-bn-¡-s¸-« -sX-¦nÂ, t]mbmepw! icosscx Hmj-[ojp {]Xn XnjvT Ah-b-h-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn kky-§-fn ØnXn sNbvXmepw! 4. AtPm `mK-kvX-]km Xw X]kz Xw tX timNn-kvX-]Xp Xw tX AÀ¨nx bmkvtX inhm-kvXt\zm PmX-th-Zþ kvXm`nÀh-ssl\w kpIr-Xmap temIw APx tX `mKx X]km Xw X]kz BSmWv \nsâ `mKw. \nsâ NqSp-sImv AXns\ NqSm-¡n-bmepw! timNnx Xw X]Xp \nsâ Pzme, \nsâ- In-cWw, AXns\ NqSm-¡s«! PmX-thZx bm tX inhmx X\zx Xm`nx PmX-th-ZtÊ! \nsâ awK-f-Ic-amb ico-c-§tfmSp-IqSn kpIrXmw temIw D G\w hl \à bÚm-\p-jvTm-Xm-¡fpsS temI-¯n-te¡p Ahs\ \ÂIn-bmepw! 5. Ah krP ]p\-ctá ]nXrt`ym bkvX Blp-X-Ý-cXn kz[m`nx BbpÀh-km\ D] thXp tijx kw KÑXmw X\zm PmX-thZx Atá bx kz[m`nx tX BlpXx Atá! kz´w iànIÄsImv, \nt¶m-tS-ä-Xp-t]mse, NcXn ]p\x ]nXr`yx Ah krP apt¶m«p t]mIp¶ Ahs\ hopw ]nXr-¡-fpsS ASp-t¯¡p tamNn -¸n-¨mepw! Bbpx hkm\x tijx D] thXp kz´w Pohn-X-¯n s]mXn-ªp-sImv Ah³ Xsâ Ah-in-jvS -§sf ]n´p-Sc-s«. PmX-thZx X\zm kw KÑXmw PmX-th-ZtÊ! Ah³ Xsâ ico-c-hp-ambn tbmPn-¡-s«! 6. bt¯ IrjvWx iIp\ BXp-tXmZ ]n]oex kÀ¸ DX hm izm]Zx Aán-jv-S-Zzn-izm-Z-KZw IrtWmXp tkmaÝ tbm {_mÒ-Wm\mhnthi IrjvWx iIp-\x- ]n]oex kÀ¸x Idp¯ iIp-\-¸-£ntbm Ddpt¼m kÀ¸tam DX hm izm]Zx B-Xp-tXmZ tX bXv \mbv¡m-en-ar-Ktam sIm¯n-¯n-¶m \n\-s¡´v? hnizmZv Aánx bx {_mÒ-Wm³ FÃmw hngp-§p¶ Aánbpw {_mÒ-W-cn Bhn-thi tkmax N XZv AKZw IrtWmXp {]th-in¨ tkma\pw AXns\ im]-ap-à-am-¡s«! 7. AtáÀhÀa ]cn tKm`nÀhy-bkz kw t{]mÀWpjz ]ohkm taZkm N t\Xzm [rjvWpÀl-ckm PÀlr-jmtWm Z[r-Kzn [£y³ ]cyw-J-bmtX [rjvWpx lckm PÀlr-jmWx [oc\pw Pzme-bm tcmam©w -sIm-Åp-¶-h\pw Z[rKv hn[-£y³ Xzm \ CXv ]cyw-J-bmtX \ns¶ ]mtS Zln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-¶p-t±-in-¨p-sImv \n\¡p Npäpw Dd-¸n-¨p\n¡p-sa-¶-Xp-sImv tKm`nx Atáx hÀa ]cn hybkz \n§Ä ss]¡-fpsS Cd¨n-sImv Aán¡v Hcp Bh-c-W-I-hNw Dm -¡n-bmepw! ]ohkm taZkm N kw {] DuÀWpjz arK-s¡m-gp-¸psImpw sImgp-¸p-sImpw kzbw BsI aqSn -bmepw! 8. Ca-atá Nakw am hnPn-lzcx {]ntbm tZhm-\m-apX kuaym\mw Gj bÝ-atkm tZh-]m-\þ kvXkvan³ tZhm AarXm amZ-bt´ Atá Caw Nakw am hn Pnlzcx Atá! Chn-sS-bpÅ Cu h³acnIsb Cf-¡n-a-dn-¡-cpXv. tZhm\mw DX tkmaym\mw {]nbx AXv tZh-·mÀ¡pw tkmamÀl-cmb ]nXr-¡Ä¡pw {]nb-s¸-«-Xm-Wv. bx tZh-]m\x Gjx Nakx Xkvan³ tZh-·m-cpsS ]m\-]m{X-amb Cu h³a-cnIbn AarXmx tZhmx amZ-bt´ Aar-X-·m-cmb tZh-·mÀ aZw sImÅp-¶p. 9. {Ihym-Z-aánw {] lntWman Zqcw- ba-cmtÚm KÑXp cn{]-hmlx Cssl-hm-b-an-Xtcm PmX-thZm tZtht`ym lhyw hlXp {]Pm-\³ {IhymZw Aánw Zqcw {] lntWman Cd¨n Xn¶p¶ Aánsb Rm³ AI-te¡p ]d-ª-b-bv¡p-¶p. cn{]-hmlx ba-cmÚx KÑXp Aip-²n-Isf hln-¨p-sImp-t]m-Ip¶ Ah³ ba³ cmPm-hm-tb-S -t¯¡p t]mIs«! Cl Abw Gh CXcx PmX-thZmx ChnsS Ch³ am{Xw; atä PmX-th-ZÊv, {]Pm-\³ tZth`yx lhyw hlXp F´mWp ap³]n-se-¶dnªv, tZh-·mÀ¡p lhn-Êp-IÄ sImp-t]m -Is«! 10. tbm Aánx {IhymXv {]hn-thi thm Krlþ anaw ]iy-¶n-Xcw PmX-th-Zkw Xw lcman ]nXr-b-Úmb tZhw k LÀa-an-\zmXv ]cta k[tØ bx Caw CXcw PmX-th-Zkw ]iy³ Chs\ asämcp PmX-th-Z-Êmbn Ip-sImv {IhymZv Aánx hx Krlw {]hn-thi Cd¨n Xn¶p¶ Aán \nsâ ho«n {]th-in¨p. Xw tZhw ]nXr-b-Úmb lcman Rm³ B tZhs\ ]nXr¡Ä¡pÅ bÚ-¯n\p ssIs¡mÅp-¶p. kx LÀaw ]cta k[tØ C\zmXv Ah³ LÀa(-]m-\o-b-s¯) AXyp-¶-X-amb Ccn-¸n-S-¯n-te-¡-b - bv¡s«! 11. tbm Aánx {Ihy-hm-l\x ]nXrr³ b£-Zr-Xm-hr[x t{]Zp lhym\n thmNXn tZth-`yÝ ]nXr`y B EX-hr[x ]nXrr³ CZv b£-Xv kXy-¯n-eqsS ià-ambn hf-À¶h\pw ]nXr-¡Ä¡p bÚw sN¿p¶h\p -amb {Ihy-hm-l\x bx Aánx Cd¨n sImp-h-cp¶ Aán tZth`yx N ]nXr`yx B tZh-·mÀ¡pw ]nXr-¡Ä¡p-apÅ l-hym\n {] thmNXn D lhn-Êp-IÄ {]Jym-]n-¡s«! 12. Di-´kvXzm \n[oa lypi´x kan-[o-aln Di-¶p-iX B hl ]nXrr³ lhntj A¯th Di´x Xzm \n [o-aln R§Ä B{K-l-t¯msS \ns¶ {]XnjvTn-¨p; Di´x kw C[o-aln R§Ä B{K-l-t¯msS \ns¶ Pzen¸n-¡p-¶p. DiXx ]nXrr³ Di³ B{K-ln-¡p¶ ]nXr-¡Ä¡v B{K-lt¯msS lhntj A¯th B hl lhn-Êp-®m³ ChnsS sImp-h-¶mepw! 13. bw Xzatá ka-Z-lkvXap \nÀhm-]bm ]p\x Inbmw-_z{X tcmlXp ]mI-ZqÀhm hy¡im Xzw bw ka-Zlx Atá Xw D ]p\x \n hm-]b \o Bsc XnI¨pw Zln¸n-¨pthm, Atá! Ahs\ hopw sISp¯nbmepw! A{X Inbmw_p hy¡im ]mI-ZqÀhm tcmlXp ChnsS Inbmw-_p, ]mI-ZqÀh, hy¡i F¶o sNSn -IÄ apfbv¡-s«. 14. ioXntI ioXn-Im-hXn ËmZntI ËmZn-Im-hXn aWvUqIym kpkw-Ka Caw kzánw lÀjb ioXntI ioXn-Im-hXn Ipfncv \ndª IpfnÀI-\ytI! ËmZntI ËmZn-Im-hXn BËmZw ]q BËm-Z-I-\ytI! aWvUqIym kp kw Kax Xh-f-s¸-t®m-sSm-cp-an¨v Caw Aánw kp lÀjb Cu Aánsb Dt¯-Pn-¸n-¨mepw! ]¯mw aWvU-ew, ap-¸¯n-aq¶mw kqàw Ihj sFeq-j³ Ejn, 9 ]Zy-§Ä, {XnjvSp¸v (1) _rlXn (2) ktXm-_r-lXn (3)-, Km-b{Xn (4-þ9); hntiz tZh-·mÀ (1), C{µ³ (2-þ3), Ipcp-{i-hW {Xmk-Z-ky-hsâ Zm\-kvXpXn (4-þ5), D]-a-{i-hÊv an{Xm-Xn-Yn-]p-{X³ (6- þ9) F¶n-hÀ tZhX (KmbIsâ hnem-]w) c£n-Xmhp acn-¨p-t]mb Hcp Ihn-bpsS hnem-]w. ap³]s¯ c£n-Xm-hn-t\m-Sp tPmen-¡p-th-n-bpÅ A`yÀY-\-bmbpw Cu kqàw amdp-¶p. kqàw ]ptcm-K-an-¡p-t´mdpw hr¯w amdn-am-dn-hcp-¶p. H¶mw ]Zy- ¯n Ah³ Xsâ hnin-jvSm-[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]qÀhm-\p-`hw A\p-kva-cn-¡p-¶p. s]s«-¶mWv AXym-lnXw h¶p-s]-Sp-¶-Xv. ASp¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä Ahsâ C¶s¯ Zb-\o-bm-hØ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. XpSÀ¶v C{µ-t\mSv klm-b-¯n-¶-`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ Bdp ]Zy-§-fn Ah³ Xsâ ap³c-£n-Xm-hmb Ipcp- {i-h-Ws\ F§s\""hcn¨p'' sht¶mÀ¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv Ah³ Xsâ aI\mb -D-]-a-{i-h-Ên\p Xs¶-¯s¶ ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Ah-km-\s¯ cp- ]-Zy-§-fn Ah³ Xsâ c£n-Xm-hn-sâbpw kplr-¯n-sâbpw ac- W-¯n-epÅ \nÊ-lm-bamb ZpxJm-h-Ø-bn-te¡p Xncn-¨-h-cp-¶p. 1. {] am bpbpt{P {]bptPm P\m\mw hlman kva ]qj-W-a-´-tcW hntiz tZhmtkm A[-am-a-c-£³ Zpxim-kp-cm-Km-ZnXn tLmj BkoXv P\m\mw {]bpPx am {] bpbpt{P P\-§-fpsS ap³\n-c-kwL-§Ä Fs¶ ap³]n- \pI-¯n sI-«n. ]qjWw A´-tcW hlman kva FÃm-bvt¸m-gp-sa-¶-t]mse, Rm³ ]qjm-hns\ DÅn- hln-¨p. A[ hntiz tZhmkx amw Ac-£³ At¸mÄ hntiz-tZ-h·mÀ Fs¶ c£n-¨p. Zpximkpx B AKmZv CXn tLmjx BkoXv ""No¯ \nbaw ChnsS h¶n-cn-¡p¶p'' F¶ D¨-¯n-epÅ i_vZ-ap-m-bn. 2. kw am X]-´y-`oXx k]-Xv\o-cnh ]Àihx \n _m-[tX Aa-XnÀ\-á-Xm- PkpÀþ thÀ\ thho-btX aXnx k]Xv\ox Ch ]Àihx am A`nXx kwX-]´n AhÀ k]Xv\n-I-sf-t¸m-sebpw (AkpJw h¶) hmcn-sb -Ãp-I-sf-(t¸msebpw) Fs¶bmsI s]mÅn-¡p-¶p. AaXnx \áXm Pkpx \n _m[tX A{i-²bpw \á-Xbpw £oWhpw Fs¶ aÀZn¡p-¶p. aXnx thx \ thho-btX Fsâ {i² ]£n-sb-t¸m-se -A-§p-an§pw X¯n-¸-d¡p-¶p. 3. aqtjm \ iniv\m hyZ´n am[yx kvtXmXmcw tX iX-{ItXm kIrXv kp t\m aL-h¶n{µ arf-bmþ [m ]ntX-h t\m `h iX-{ItXm tX kvtXmXmcw am \qdp Xocp-am-\-§-sf-Sp-¡p¶-ht\! \nsâ kvtXmXmhmb Fs¶ aqjx \ B[yx iniv\m hyZ´n Nps-en-I-sf-t¸mse Ah-bpsS hmep-IÄ Xtem-SÂsImp ImÀ¶p -Xn-¶p-¶p. aL-h³ C{µ kIrZv \x kp arfb DZm-c-\mb C{µm! DSs\ R§-fn IcpW ImWn-¡p-Ibpw A[ \x ]nXm Ch `h XpSÀ¶v R§Ä¡v AÑ-s\-t¸msebmbn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sNbvXmepw! 4. Icp-{i-h-W-am-hrWo cmPm\w {Xmk-Z-kyhw awlnjvTw hmL-Xm-arjnx Ejnx hmLXmw awlnjvTw Ejn-bmb Rm³ Xsâ Kmb-ItcmSv Gähpw DZm-c-\mb {Xmk-Z-kyhw Ipcp-{i-hWw {Xk-Z-kyp-hnsâ hwi-¯n-epÅ Ipcp-{i-h-Ws\ cmPm\w AhrWn Fsâ cmPm-hmbn hcn-¡p¶p. 5. bky am lcntXm ctY Xnt{km hl´n km[pbm kvXssh kl-{k-Z-£ntW bky Xn{kx lcnXx ""Ahsâ aq¶p Xhn-«p-\n-d-apÅ (IpXnc-IÄ) ctY am km[pbm hl´n tXcn Fs¶ t\Àh-gn-bn-eqsS -h-ln-¡p-¶p. kl-{k-Z-£ntW kvXssh (bÚ-¯nÂ) Bbncw (]ip¡-fpsS) Z£n-W-sImv Rm³ Ahs\ kvXpXn -¡p¶p'' (F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm-v) 6. bky {]kzm-Ztkm Kncx D]-a-{i-hkx ]nXpx t£{Xw \ cWz-aq-Nptj bky {]kzm-Zkx t£{Xw \ cWzw Kncx AI¯p hoSpÅ hmk-Øm-\-s¯-t¸mse B\-µ-I-c-amb aq¶p Km\-§-fpm-bn-cp-¶ D]-a-{i-hkx ]nXpx DuNptj D]-a-{i-h-Ênsâ AÑs\ Rm³ hcn-¡p¶p. 7. A[n ]pt{Xm-]-a-{ithm \]m-·n-{Xm-Xn-tY-cnln ]nXpjvtS Akvan hµnXm D]-a-{ihx ]p{X an{Xm-XntYx \]mXv A[oln D]-a-{i-hÊnsâ ]p{Xm! an{Xm-Xn-Yn-bpsS t]c-¡n-Smth! a\-Ên-em-¡nbmepw! tX ]nXpx hµnXm Akvan \nsâ AÑ-sâ- kvtXm-Xm-hmWv Rm³. 8. bZo-io-bm-ar-Xm\mþ apX hm aÀ¯ym\mw Poth-Zn-·-Lhm aa DX bZv Aar-Xm\mw aÀ¯ym\mw hm Cuiob Aar-X-·m-cp-sStbm aÀ¯y-·m-cp-sStbm A[n-]-Xn-bm-bn-cp -s¶-¦n aa aLhm PothZv CXv Fsâ DZm-c-\mb c£n-Xmhv Pohn-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p. 9. \ tZhm-\m-aXn {hXw iXmßm N \ PohXn XYm bpPm hn hmhrtX tZhm\mw {hXw AXn iXmßm N \ PohXn Bcpw tZh·m-cp-sS- \n-b-a-¯n-\-¸pdw \qdm-bp-Êp-Å-h-\m -bmepw Pohn¡p-I-bn-Ã. XYm bpPm hn hhrtX A§s\ Rm³ Iq«p-Im-c-t\m-Sp thÀs]-Sp-¶p. ]¯mw aWvU-ew, ap¸-¯n-\memw kqàw Ihj sFeq-j³ AYhm A£ auRvP-hm³ Ejn, 14 ]Zy-§Ä, {XnjvSp¸v (PKXn 7 Hgn-sI); InX-h³ (Nq-Xm-«-¡m-c³) tZhX EtKz-Z-¯nse Gähpw {]kn-²hpw Gähpw hnhÀ¯\w sN¿-s¸-«Xpw Gähpw ]Zy-k-am-lm-c-§-fn DÄs¡m-Ån-¡-s¸-«-Xp-amb kqàw. Poh-Êp-äXpw DÖz-e-hp-amb CXv ]cm-Pn-X-\mb Hcp NqXm-«-¡m-csâ hnjm- Z-a-b-amb hnem]w Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. lX-`m-Ky-\mb hàmhv Xm³ NqXp Ifn-¡p-Itbm AXn-s\-¸än Btem-Nn- ¡p-I t]meptam sN¿p-t¼mÄ Ahs\ {Kkn-¡p¶ A{]-Xn-tcm-[y-amb lchpw (1, 5þ9) hyàn-Po-hn-X-¯n AXp-f-hm-¡p¶ Bß-\n-µbpw (2-þ4, 10-þ11) hnhcn-¡p¶p. kqà-¯nsâ Ah-km-\-`m-K¯v Ah³ NqXp-Ifn Dt]-£n-¡p-sa¶p {]XnÚ sN¿p-Ibpw (12) khn-Xr-tZ-h³ Ahs\ ]qÀh-Øn-Xn-bn-te¡p sImp-h-cn-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ah-km-\-]Zyw (14) Ah³ NqXpIsf kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-Ibpw Ah-tbmSv Xs¶ XyPn-¨v asäm-cn- csb Ip-]n-Sn-¡m³ At]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. {]mNo-\-`m-c-X-¯nse kmwkvIm-cn-I-aWvUe-¯nÂ, hnti-jn¨v cmPm-¡-·m-cp-sS-bpw `c-W-hÀK-¯n-sâ-bpan- S-bnÂ, NqXp-I-fn¡v apJy-am-sbmcp Øm\-ap-m-bn-cp-¶p. alm-`m-c-X-¯n CXn\p \ÂInb {]m[m\yw hyà- am-W-tÃm. 1. {]mth]m am _rltXm amZ-b´n {]hm-tXPm CcntW hÀhr-Xm\mx tkma-tkyh auP-h-Xky `t£m hn`o-ZtIm PmKr-hnÀa-ly-a-Ñm³. {]hm-tXPmx _rlXx CcntW hÀhr-Xm\mx Imäp hoip¶ Øe¯v, \nXm-´-ambn NqXp-I-fn-Ø-e¯v Id-§p-¶, h·c-¯n Rm¶p-\n¡p¶ {]mth]mx am amZ-b´n Ipcp-¡Ä Fs¶ -a¯p]n-Sn¸n¡p-¶p. auP-h-Xky tkmaky `£x Ch aqP-hm³ ]Àh-X¯nÂ\n-¶pÅ tkma-IWw t]mse, PmKrhnx hn`o-ZIx alyw AÑm PmK-cq-I-amb NqXv Fs¶ kt´m-jn-¸n-¨n-«p-v. 2. \ am antaY \ Pnlof Gjm inhm kJn`y DX aly-am-koXv A£-kym-l-ta-I-]-cky tltXmþ c\p-{h-Xm-a-]- Pm-bm-a-tcm-[w Gjm am \ antaY \ Pnlotf AhÄ Fs¶ FXnÀ¯-nÃ; tZjy-s¸-«-Xp-an-Ã. kJn`yx inhm BkoXv AhÄ Fsâ kJm-¡-tfmSpw Ft¶mSpw A\p-{K-l-_p-²n-bp-Å-h-fm-bn-cp-¶p. GI-]-cky A£ky tltXmx Hcp NqXp-Xs¶ [mcm-f-amsW-¶-Xp-sImv alyw A\p-{hXmw Pmbmw Ft¶mS\p-k-c-W-apÅ `mcysb Alw A] Atcm[w DX Rm³ ]pd-´-ÅpIbpw sNbvXp. 3. tZzjvSn iz{iq-c] Pmbm cpW²n \ \mYntXm hnµtX aÀUn-Xmcw Aiz-tkyh PctXm hkv\yky \mlw hnµman InX-hky t`mKw. iz{iqx tZzjvSn Ah-fpsS iz{ip (Fsâ A½) Fs¶ shdp¡p¶p; Pmbm A] cpW²n `mcy Fs¶ ]pd´-Åp-¶p. \mYnXx aÀUn-Xmcw \ hnµtX hnj-a-¯nÂs¸« a\p-jyt\mSv Bcpw Zb Im«p-I-bn-Ã. h-kv\yky Pc-Xx -Aizky Ch "hn¡m-\p-sÅmcp Ing-«pIp-Xn-c-tb-¡mÄ InX-hky t`mKw Alw \ hnµman NqXm-«-¡m-c-s\-s¡mv Hcp-]-tbm-Khpw Rm³ ImWp-¶n-Ã' þ (A -hÀ ]d-bp-¶p.) 4. At\y Pmbmw ]cn- ar-i-´yky bkym-Kr-[Zv thZt\ hmPy£x ]nXm amXm {`mXc G\-am-lpÀþ \ Pm\otam \bXm _²-ta-Xw bky thZt\ hmPo A£x AKr-[Xv Ahsâ [\-¯n k½m-\-Imw-£n-bmb NqXv sImXn sh¡p-¶p. Aky Pmbmw At\y ]cn ari´n Ahsâ `mcysb A\y-·mÀ ]cnemfn-¡p-¶p. ]nXm amXm {`mXcx G\w AÑ\pw A½bpw ktlm-Z-c ·mcpw Ah-s\-¸än "\ Pm\oax _²w GXw \bX' Blpx "R§Ä Ahs\ Adn-bnÃ; sI«n-bn«v Ahs\ sImp-t]m -bmepw!' F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. 5. bZm-Zot[y \ Zhn-jm-tWy`nx ]cm-b-Zvt`ym-h- lotb kJn`yx \yp]vXmÝ _{`thm hmN-a-{IX Gao-tZjmw \njvIrXw Pmcn-Wo-h bZv G`nx \ Zhn-jmWn BZot[y "Rm³ Ah-scm¸w Ifn-¡p-I-bnÃ' F¶p Xocp-am-\n-¡p-t¼mÄ ]cm-bZv`yx kJn`yx Ah lotb -k-Jm-¡Ä Fs¶ -hn«v t]mbv¡-f-bp-¶p. \yp]vXmx _{`hx hmNw A{IX N ]c-¯n-sb-dn-ªbp-Ss\ Xhn-«p-\n-d-apÅ NqXv i_vZ-ap-bÀ¯pIbpw sN¿p-¶p. Gjmw \njvIrXw CZv PmcnWo Ch Gan Rms\m¶v Ah-bpsS kt¦-X-¯nte¡v, Hcp s]¬In-Smhv Imap-I-sâ -A-Sp-¡-te-s¡-¶-t]m-se, t]mIp-¶p. 6. k`m-taXn InXhx ]rÑ-amt\m tPjym-aoXn X\zm iqip-Pm\x A£mtkm Aky hn Xnc´n Imaw {]Xn-Zohvt\ Z[X B IrXm-\n InXhx tPjyman CXn ]rÑ-am\x NqXm-«-¡m-c³ "Rm³ Pbw t\Sptam' F¶p X¶-¯m³ tNmZn-¨p-sIm-v, X\zm iqip-Pm\x k`mw GXn kzbw ho¼n-f-¡n-s¡m-v, k`-bnte¡p t]mIp-¶p. IrXm\n {]Xn-Zohvt\ B Z[Xx t\Sm-\pÅ Gdp-IÄ FXncm-fn¡p \ÂIn-s¡mv A£mkx Aky Imaw hn Xnc´n NqXpIÄ Ahsâ B{Kl-¯n-s¶-Xn-cmbn {]hÀ¯n¡p-¶p. 7. A£mk CZ-¦p-int\m \ntXm-Znt\m \nIr-Xzm-\-kvX-]-\m-kvXm-]-bn-jvWhx Ipam-c-tZjvWm PbXx ]p\ÀltWm a[zmkw]ràmx InX-hky _Àl-Wm A£mkx CZv A¦p-in\x \ntXm-Zn\x Ah NqXp-IÄ am{Xam-sW-¦nepw sImfp-¯p-Ibpw tXmp-Ibpw \nIr-Xzm\x X]\mx Xm]-bn-jvWhx No¯-bm-¡p-Ibpw s]mÅn-¡p-Ibpw s]mÅn-¡m³ t\m¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ipam-c-tZjvWmx PbXx _ÀlWm ]n¶oSv Hcp Ipªn-s\-t¸mse (Xm¡m-en-I-am-bn) tPXm-hnsâ t\sc Xncnªv ]p\ÀlWx InX-hky a[zm-kw-]ràmx ssI¸-¯n-bm ASn-¨p-sImv, NqXm-«-¡m-csâta A[n-Im -c-t¯mSpIqSn tX³ I-eÀ¯p¶p. 8. {Xn]-©mix {IofXn {hmX Gjmw tZh Ch khnXm kXy-[Àam D{Kky Nn·-\yth \m \-at´ cmPm NntZt`ym \a CXv IrtWm-Xn {Xn]-©mix Gjmw {hmXx {IofXn \qä-¼-Xnsâ Icp-¯pÅ Ch-cpsS kwLw Ifn-¡p-¶p. khnXm tZh Ch kXy-[Àam khn-Xr-tZ-h-sâ-sb-¶-t]mse Ah-cpsS \nb-a-§Ä kXys¯ apdpsI ]nSn-¡p-¶p. D{Kky NnZv a\yth \ \at´ D{Ksâ bp²-t{Im-[-¯n\p ap³]nÂt¸mepw AhÀ Xe Ip\n-¡p-¶n-Ã. cmPm NnZv G`yx \ax CXv IrtWmXn cmPm-hp-t]mepw AhÀ¡p-ap³]n \a-kvI-cn-¡p-¶p. 9. \oNm hÀ¯´ D]cn kv^pc´yþ lkvXmtkm lkvX-h´w klt´ Znhym AwKmcm CcntW \yp]vXmx ioXmx kt´m lrZbw \nÀZ-l-´n \oNm hÀ¯t´ D]cn kv^pc´n Ah Xmtgm-«p-cp-fp¶p; apI-fn-te¡p IpXn¨p NmSp-¶p. A-l-kvXmkx lkvX-h´w klt´ ssII-fn-Ãm-¯-XpsImv Ah ssIIfpÅ a\p-jys\ adn-I-S -¡p-¶p.- Znhymx AwKmcmx CcntW \yp]vXmx Zn-hy-amb I¡-cn-IÄ NqXp-I-fn-Ø-e¯v NnX-dp-¶p. ioXmx k´x lrZbw \nÀZ-l´n XWp-¯-h-sb-¦nepw Ah lrZbw Np«p-s]m-Ån-¡p-¶p. 10. Pmbm X]ytX InX-hky lo\m amXm ]p{Xky NcXx Iz kznXv EWmhm _n`y-²-\-an-Ñ-amt\mþ at\y-jm-a-kvX-ap-] -\-à-ta-Xn InX-hky Pmbm lo\m ]p{Xky amXm NqXm-«-¡m-csâ `mcy Dt]-£n-¨pt]mhpIbpw Ipªnsâ A½bmb AhÄ Iz kznXv NcXx X]y-tX Fhn-sS-sb-¶-dn-bmsX Aeªv Np«p-\o-dp¶p. EWhm _n`yZv [\w CÑ-am\x IS-¯n-em-bn, t]Sn¨v, ]W-a-t\z-jn¨v \àw At\yjmw AkvXw D] GXn Ah³ cm{Xn A\ycpsS ho«nse¯p-¶p. 11. kv{Xobw ZrjvSzmb InXhw XXm-]mþ t\yjmw Pmbmw kpIrXw N tbm\nw ]qÀhmlvtW Aizm³ bpbptP ln _{`q³ tkm Atá-ct´ hrjex ]]m-Z InXhx At\yjmw Pmbmw kv{Xobw NqXm-«-¡m-c³ aäpÅhcpsS `mcy-bmb kv{Xosbbpw kpIrXw tbm\nw N ZrjvSzmb XXm] \à Nn«-bn t]mIp¶ aäp hoSp-Ifpw Iv X¶-¯m³ Np«p-s]m -Åp¶p. ]qÀhmlvtW _{`q³ Aizm³ bpbptP ln Znh-k-¯n cmhnse apX Ah³ Xsâ X-hn-«p-Ip-Xn-c -Isf (Nq-XpIÄ) hn-bn sI«p-Ibpw Atáx At´ kx hrjex ]]mZ Aán-bpsS Ah-km\w am{Xw (cm{Xn hfsc sshIn) B "sIm¨p-Imf' InS¡p-Ibpw (Nq-Xm«w shSnªv A`bw tXSn) sN¿p¶p. 12. tbm hx tk\m-\oÀa-ltXm KWky cmPm {hmXky {]Ytam _`qh Xkvssa IrtWman \ [\m cpW[van Zimlw {]mNokvXZrXw hZm-an hx alXx KWky bx tk\m\ox _`qh (Nq-Xm-«-¡m-c³:) \n§-fpsS henb KW-¯nsâ tk\m-\n-bm -¯oÀ¶-hs\, {hmXky {]Yax cmPm Xkvssa kwL-¯nsâ H¶m-as¯ cmPm-hnt\m-Sv, Alw Zi {]mNox Ir-tWman Rm³ Fsâ ]¯p hnc-epIfpw DbÀ¯n-¡m-Wn-¡p¶p: [\m \ cpW[van XZv EXw hZman "F\n¡p ]W-sam-¶p-anÃ. Cu kXyw Rm³ ]d-bp-¶p.' 13. Ass£Àam Zohyx Irjn-anXv Irjkz hnt¯ cakz _lp-a-\y-am\x X{X Kmhx InXh X{X Pmbm Xt· hn NjvtS hn Xm-b-a-cyx Ass£x am Zohyx (k-hn-Xmhv:) "NqXv Ifn-¡mXn-cp-¶mepw! Irjnw CXv Irjkz hb-en Irjn sNbvXmepw! _lp- a-\y-am\x hnt¯ cakz DÅXv A[n-I-sa¶p IcpXn DÅ-Xn Xr]vXn-b-S-ªmepw X{X InXh Kmhx X{X Pmbm Ahn-sS, NqXp-I-fn-¡mcm! \n\¡p ss]¡-fpv; `mcy-bp-v.' XXv khnXm Abw Acyx ta hn NjvtS Cu coXn-bn khnXmhv, A]cn-Nn-X-sâ- c-£-I³, Fs¶ \nco -£n-¡p-¶p. 14. an{Xw IrWp[zw Jep arfXm t\m am t\m tLmtcW Nc-Xm-`n-[rjvWp \n thm \p a\ypÀhn-i-Xm-a-cmXnþ ct\ym _{`qWmw {]knXu \zkvXp. an{Xw IrWp[zw Jep \x arfX (FÃm NqXp-I-tfm-Sp-ambn:) C\n R§fpsS an{X-am-bmepw! R§-tfmSv IcpW Im«nbmepw! tLmtcW [rjvWp \x am A`n NcX `o-I-c-amb a\-Êp (I-®p-) sIm-v [oc-ambn R§sf B`n-Nmcw sN¿-cptX! hmw a\ypx \p AcmXnx \n hniXmw \n§-fp-sS -bp-²t{Im[w C\n i{Xp-hn-te¡p {]th-in-¸n¨mepw! _{`qWmw {]knXu A\yx AkvXp Xhn-«p-\n-d-apÅ-h-bpsS A[zm-\-§-fn- aäm-sc-¦n-epamhs«! - ]¯mw aWvU-ew, Fgp]s¯m¶mw -kqàw _rl-kv]Xn BwKn-c-k³ Ejn-; 11 ]Zy-§Ä; {XnjvSp¸v (P-KXn 9 Hgn-sI); Úm\w tZhX Cu kqàw ]hn-{X-amb hm¡n-sâ- B-[n-]Xyw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. tkma-b-Ú-§-f-\p-jvTn-¡p¶ ]ptcm-ln-X- ·mÀ¡v AXv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. Cu B[n-]Xyw ]ptcm-ln-X-·msc kJyw Øm]n-¡p-¶-Xn-eqsS _Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶p (2). Cu B[n-]-Xy-¯nsâ Afhv Hcp ]ptcm-ln-Xs\ asämcp ]ptcm-ln-X-\nÂ\n¶p thÀXn-cn-¡p-¶p (4-þ5, 7þ8). AtX kabw A\p-jvTm-\-¯n ]hn-{X-hm¡p {]tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xn Nne ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ¡pÅ A{]m-]vXntbm a\-Ên-Ãm-bvatbm Ah-sc- A-S-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS B[n-]Xyw D]-tbm-K-iq-\y-am-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p (6-þ9). IpXn-c-¸-´-b-¯nsâ `mj-bp-]-tbm-Kn¨v Ihn ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ hm¡nsâ B[n-]-Xy-¯n-eqsS Pbn-¡p¶ ""aÕ-c''-s¯¸äntbm ""aÕ-c§''sf ¸äntbm ]d-bp-¶p. Cu aÕ-c-§Ä¡v GXp ]ptcm-ln-X-¶mWv Gähpw \¶mbn kqà-§Ä cNn-¡mt\m sNmÃmt\m Ign-bpIsb ¶pw AXp-sImv Bsc-bmWv bÚm-\p-jvTm-\- ¯n ]s¦-Sp-¡m³ hcn-t¡--sX¶pw \nÝ-bn-¡m³ Ign-bpw. A¯-c-¯n-epÅ aÕcw Dm-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p ]¯mw ]Zyw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Ihn kqà-c-N-bn-Xm-¡-fn Du¶p-¶p-sh-¶Xpw icn-bm-Wv. AXv ]hn-{X-a-{´-{]-`p- hmb _rl-kv]-Xnsb ]cm-aÀin-¨psIm-mWp XpS-§p-¶-Xv. ]ptcm-ln-X-·m-cpsS Ah-km-\-¸-«n-I-bn {_ÒÀXzn- ¡n-s\- am-{Xta t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-ªn-«p-ap-Åq. ]c-kv]-c-{i-²bv¡pw tZh-·m-cpsS B\p-Iq-ey-¯n-\pw- th-n- bpÅ bÚ-§ÄX-s¶bpw aÕ-c-th-Zn-bm-hmw. A§-s\-sb-¦n kqà-hm¡p am{X-a-Ã, bÚ-¯n-ep-]-tbm-Kn- ¡p¶ GXp hm¡pw Cu kqà-¯nsâ hnj-b-amb hm¡n hcpw. Cu hnim-e-amb AÀY-¯n-emWv aq¶mw ]Zy-¯nse ""k]vX-tc`''{]tbm-Ksa¶p tXm¶p-¶p. k]vX-tlm-Xm-¡-fmhmw ChÀ. Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯nse \mep- Xcw tlmXm-¡-fpsS ]cm-aÀihpw ChnsS HmÀ¡mw. 1. _rl-kv]tX {]Yaw hmtNm A{Kw bXv ss{]c-X -\m-a-t[bw Z[m\mx btZjmw t{ijvTw bZcn{]-am-koXv t{]Wm XtZjmw \nlnXw Kplmhnx _rl-kv]tX hmNx {]Yaw A{Kw _rl-kv]tX! (CXm-bncp-¶p) hm¡nsâ BZys¯ XpS-¡w: \ma-t[bw Z[m\mx {] sFcX AhÀ (E-jn-IÄ) t]cpIÄ X-¶p-sImp apt¶m-«p-h-¶p. bZv Gjmw t{ijvTw bZv Acn{]w BkoXv Ah-bn Gähpw \ÃXv, Ipä-a-äXv GXv Gjmw t{]Wm bZv Kplm \nlnXw XZv Bhnx F¶v Ah-tcmSp \n\-¡pÅ kvt\l-¯m cl-ky-ambn sh¨ B (t]cv) Ah-tcmSp hfn-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p. 2. kàp-anh XnX-D\m ]p\t´m b{X [ocm a\km hmN-a-{IX A{Xm kJmbx kJym\n Pm\tX `ss{Zjmw e£vaoÀ\n-ln-Xm[n hmNn XnX-D\m kàpw ]p\´x Ch apdwsImp [m\y-s¯ tNdn ip²o-I-cn-¨psIms-¶-t]mse b{X [ocmx a\km hmNw A{IX _p²n-am-·mÀ X§-fp-sS a\-Êp-sImp hm¡p krjvSn-¡pt¼mÄ, A{X kJmbx kJym\n Pm\tX AhnsS AhÀ kJm¡sf¶ \ne-bn X§-fp-sS -kJyw Adn-bp-¶p. Gjmw hmNn `{Zm e£vaox A[n \nlnXm C-h-cp-sS -hm¡n awK-f-I-c-amb sFizcyw \n£n-]vX-am -Ip¶p. 3. btÚ\ hmNx ]Zhobamb³ Xma-\z-hnµ¶rjnjp {]hnjvSmw Xmam `rXym hymZ[px ]pcp{Xm Xmw k]vX tc`m A`n kw \ht´ btÚ\ hmNx ]Z-hobw Bb³ bÚ-¯n-eqsS AhÀ hm¡n-sâ- ]mX ]n´p-SÀ¶psImv Ejnjp {]hnjvSmw Xmw A\p Ahn-µ³ AhÀ Ejn-I-fn {]th-in¨ Ahsf (hm-¡n-s\) Is-¯n. Xmw B`r-Xy -]p-cp{Xm hn AZ[px AhÀ Ahsf (hm-¡ns\) ChnsS sImp-h¶v ]teS-§-fn hnXdn. k]vX tc`mx Xmw A`n kw \ht´ ]cp-j-kz-c-§-fpÅ Ggp Kmb-IÀ Ah-tfm-sSm-cp-an¨p \ne-hn-fn -¡p¶p. 4. DX Xzx ]iy³ \ ZZÀi hmNþ apX Xzx irWz³ \ irtWm-tXy\mw DtXm Xzkvssa X\zw hn kt{k Pmtbh ]Xy DiXo kphmkmx DX Xzx hmNw ]iy³ \ ZZÀi am{X-a-Ã, HcmÄ hm¡ns\ In«pw ImWp¶n-Ã. DX Xzx G\mw irWz³ \ irtWmXn HcmÄ Ahsf tI«n«pw tIÄ¡p-¶n-Ã. DtXm kphmkmx DiXo Pmbm IqSm-sX, AhÄ \à hkv{Xw [cn¨ Iman-\n-bm-bmb `mcy ]tXy Ch X\zw hn kt{k kz´w `À¯mhn-s¶-¶-t]mse, Xs-â i-co-c-s¯ -a-säm-cmÄ¡p ImWn-¨p -sIm-Sp-¡p-¶p. 5. DX Xzw ktJy Ønc-]o-X-am-lpÀþ ss\\w ln\z-´y]n hmPn-t\jp At[\zm NcXn amb-ssbj hmNw ip{ip-hm-\-^-em-a-]pjv]mw DX Xzw ktJy Ønc-]oXw Blpx HcmÄ kJy-¯n (k-ZÊnÂ) ap³t] Dd-¨p-]-Tn-¨Xp ]d-bp-¶p. G\w hmPn-t\jp \ A]n ln\z´n AhÀ Ahs\ Hcp aÕ-c-¯nepw {]tNm-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Gjx At[\zm ambbm A^emw A]pjv]mw Id-h-¸-ip-hÃm¯ ambtbmSp-IqSn Imtbm ]qthm CÃm¯ hmNw ip{ip-hm³ NcXn hm¡p tI«p-sImv Ah³ (A§n-§p) \S¡p-¶p. 6. bkvXn-XymP kNn-hnZw kJm-bw \ Xky hmNy]n `mtKm AkvXn bZow irtWm-Xy-eIw irtWmXn \ ln {]thZ kpIr-Xky ]Ùmw bx kJmbw XnXymP kNn-hnZw kJy-ap-t]-£n-¨-h³ Úm\-¯n Ah-t\mSp tNÀ¶p; Xky hmNn A]n `Kx \ AkvXn Ah\p hm¡n Hcp ]¦p-an-Ã. bZv Cuw irtWmXn AeIw irtWmXn Ah³ Ahsf (hm-¡n-s\) tIÄ¡p-t¼mÄ, \njv^-e-am-bn tIÄ¡p-¶p. ln kpIr-Xky ]Ùmw \ {]thZ Imc-Ww, Ah³ icnbmbn A\p-jvTn-¡-s¸« bÚ-¯nsâ ]mX Adn -bp-¶n-Ã. 7. A£-Wz´x IÀW-h´x kJmtbm at\m-P-th-jz-kam _`qhpx BZ-Lv\m-k -D-]-I-£mk D tXz {lZm Ch kv\mXzm D tXz ZZrt{i A£-Wz´x IÀW-h´x kJmbx FÃm-hÀ¡pw I®pIfpw ImXp-I-fp-ap-s-¦nepw kJm-¡Ä at\m-P-thjp Akamx _`qhpx a\-Ê-nsâ thK-¯n Hcpt]m-se-b-Ã. D tXz BZ-Lv\mkx D]-I-£mkx NneÀ apJw-h-scbpw tXmÄh-sc-bpsa-¯p-¶{X shÅ-apÅ Ipf-§-sf -t¸m-sebpw tXz kv\mXzm {lZmx Ch D ZZrt{i aäp-Åh ap§n-¡p-fn¡mhp-¶{X shÅ-apÅ Ipf-§-sf-t¸m-sebpw ImW-s¸Sp-¶p. 8. lrZm XjvtSjp a\tkm Pthjp bZv {_mÒWmx kwb-Pt´ kJmbx A{Xml Xzw hn PlpÀth-Zym-`nþ tcml{_ÒmtWm hn Nc´yp tXz bZv lrZm XjvtSjp a\kx Pthjp lrZ-b-¯n cq]-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ a\-Ênsâ thK-§fn {_mÒ-Wmx kJmbx kwb-Pt´ {_mÒ-WÀ kJm-¡fmbn Hcp-an¨v bÚ-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡p-t¼mÄ, A{X Xzw thZym`nx Al hn Plpx AhÀ X§Ä Úm\coXn-I-fn XoÀ¨-bmbpw aäp-Å-hsc ]n¶n-em -¡p-Ibpw Hml{_ÒmWx tXz hn Nc´n D kvXpXnIfpw ]hn-{X-a-{´§fpwsImp NneÀ¡pap³t]- \-S-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 9. Cta tb\mÀhmMv \ ]c-Ý-c´n \ {_mÒ-Wmtkm \ kptX-I-cmkx X GtX hmN-a-`n-]Zy ]m]bm knco-kvX{´w X\ztX A{]-P-Úbx Cta tb AÀhmIv \ ]cx \ Nc´n hfsc ASpt¯m hfsc AI-setbm AÃmsX \S-¡p-¶-hcpw {_mÒ-Wmkx \ kptX-I-cmkx \ {_mÒ-W-c-Ãm-¯-hcpw tkma-k-h\w sN¿m-¯-hcpamb tX GtX A{]-P-Úbx hmNw A`n-]Zy ChÀ tamiw coXn-bn hm¡n-t·Â hoWn«v ]m]bm X{´w kncox X\ztX H¶p-ap-m-¡m¯ hmÀ¸p-\qÂt]mse Acp-hn-bn \op-In-S-¡p-¶p. 10. kÀth \µ´n bikm KtX\ k`m-km-tl\ kJym kJmbx Inev_n-j-kv]rXv ]nXp-jWn tlyjmþ acw lntXm `hXn hmPn-\mb bikm BK-tX\ k`m-k-tl\ aln-a-bn h¶h\pw k`-bn FÃm-h-scbpw AXn-{I-an-¡p-¶-h-\p-amb kJym kÀth kJmbx \µ´n kJm-hn-t\m-Sp-IqSn Ahsâ FÃm kJm-¡fpw B\-µn-¡p¶p. ln Gjmw Inev_n-j-kv]rXv ]nXp-jWnx `hXn Imc-Ww, Ah-\mWv sXäp-I-fnÂ\n¶v Ahsc c£n ¡pIbpw AhÀ¡pthn Poh-k-Ôm-cWw \S-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p¶-Xv. lnXx hmPn-\mb Acw A§s\ AhÀ DNn-X-amb Xc-¯n aÕ-c-¯n-te¡p {]tNm-Zn-¸n¡p¶p. - 11. ENmw Xzx t]mjamkvtX ]p]p-jzm³ Kmb{Xw tXzm KmbXn iIz-cojp {_Òm tXzm hZXn PmX-hnZymw bÚky am{Xmw hn an-aoX D Xzx ENmw ]p]p-jzm³ Xzx t]mjw BkvtX E¡p-Isf t]mjn¸n-¡p¶ HcmÄ (tlm-Xm-hv) t]mjn-¸n-¨p-sImv Ccn-¡p¶p; Xzx iIz-cojp Kmb{Xw KmbXn asäm-cmÄ (D-ZvKm-Xm-hv) iIzco-]-Zy-§-fn Km\-am-e-]n-¡p-¶p. {_Òm Xzx PmX-hnZymw hZXn a{´-IÀ¯mhmb HcmÄ ({_-Ò³) X¶n P\n¨ hnZy ]d-bp¶p; Xzx bÚky am{Xmw hn anaotX D HcmÄ (A-[z-cyp) bÚ¯nsâ Afhp \nÝ-bn-¡p-¶p. ]¯mw aWvU-ew, Fgp]¯©mw -kqàw knÔp-£nXv ss{]b-ta[ Ejn-; 9 ]Zy-§Ä; PKXn; \Zn-IÄ tZhX Cu kqàw \Zn-I-fp-sS, hnti-jn¨v ChnsS apJy-\-Zn-bmbn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p¶ knÔp-hn-sâ, amlmßyw FSp-¯p-]-d-bp-¶p. AXn-te-¡m-WtÃm asäÃmw Hgp-Ip-¶-Xv (4). kc-kz-Xo-kq-à-§-sf-t¸mse CXpw {]Ir-Xn-]- c-amb hÀW-\-tbm-sSm¸w (3, 7) kpµ-cn-bmb kv{Xo, k½m-\-tP-Xm-hmb IpXn-c F¶o \ne-I-fnepw hÀW-\- apÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 5þ6 ]Zy-§-fnse \Zn-I-fpsS t]cp-IÄ sImv Cu kqàw khn-tijw {it²-b-a-t{X. Ahsb ]WvUn-X-temIw `qan-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hnÚm-\-¯nsâ J\n-bmbn ImWp-¶p. 1. {] kp h Bt]m a-ln-am-\-ap-¯-aw ImcpÀthm-NmXn kZt\ hnh-kzXx {] k]vX-k-]vX- t{X[m ln N{Iapx {] kr-Xz-coWmaXn knÔp-tcm-Pkm B]x hx D¯aw aln-am\w shÅta! \nsâ AXyp-¶-Xamb aln-a-sb-¸än Imcpx hnh-kzXx kZt\ kp {] thmNmXn Kmb-I³ hnhkzmsâ Ccn-¸n-S-¯n (b-Ú`qanbnÂ) \¶mbn ]d-bp¶p. ln t{X[m k]vX-k]vX {] N{Iapx Imc-Ww, AXv aq¶p L«-§-fn-embn Ggp-hoXw XhW {]h-ln¨p. krXz-coWmw knÔpx HmPkm AXn {] (aäp) -{]-hm-l-(P-e-)¯n-¶-¸pdw knÔp Xsâ iàn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn (HgpIn.) 2. {] tXc-ZZv hcptWm bmXth ]Yx kntÔm bZv hmPm-\-`y-{Z-hkvXzw `qaym A[n {]hXm bmkn km\p\m btZ-jm-a{Kw PK-Xm-an-c-Pykn kntÔm bXv Xzw hmPm³ A`n A{Zhx kntÔm! \o k½m-\-§Ä¡p-thn HmSpt¼mÄ, hcpWx tX bmXth ]Yx {] Ac-ZXv hcp-W³ \n\¡p k©-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-thn hgn-IÄ Ipgn-¨p. bZv Gjmw PKXmw A{Kw Cc-Pykn Cu PwK-a(-h-kvXp¡-fp-sS) ap³\nc \nb-{´n-¡p-t¼mÄ, `qaymx km\p\m A[n {]hXm bmkn \o `qan-bpsS ]n³]pd-s¯ Ncp-hn-eqsS k©cn¡p¶p. 3. Znhn kzt\m bXtX `qtaym-]-þ- cy-\´w ipjva-ap-Zn-bÀ¯n `m\p\m A{`m-Znh {] kvX\-b´n hrjvSbx knÔpÀb-tZXn hrjt`m \ tcmcp-hXv kz\x `qaym D]cn Znhn bXtX AXnsâ i_vZw `qan-bpsS apI-fn kzÀK-¯nse kzØm\-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p. `m\p\m A\´w ipjvaw DZv CbÀ¯n AXv {]Im-i-t¯msSm¸w A\-´-ambn DÑzmkw taevt]m-« -b-bv¡p-¶p. bXv knÔpx tcmcp-hXv hrj`x \ GXn knÔp Ft¸mgpw ap{I-bn-Sp¶ Imf-sb-t¸m-se t]mIp-t¼mÄ, A{`mZv hrjvSbx Ch {] kvX\-b´n taL-¯nÂ\n¶p agI-sf-t¸mse, AXnsâ ""ag-IÄ'' CSn-ap -g¡p-¶p. 4. A`n Xzm kntÔm inip-an¶ amXtcm hm{im AÀj´n ]b-tkh t[\hx cmtPh bp[zm \bkn XzanXv knNu bZm-km-a{Kw {]h-Xm-an-\-£kn kntÔm hm{imx t[\hx Ch amXcx kntÔm! Id-h-¸-ip-¡sft¸mse A½amÀ inipw CZv \ ]bkm Ipªp-§-fpsS ASp-t¯s¡-¶-t]mse, Ah (t]m-j-I-\-Zn-IÄ) X§-fpsS ]mtem -Sp-IqSn Xzm A`n AÀj´n ap{I-bn-«p-sImp \n¶n-te¡p IpXn¡p-¶p. bXv Xzw CXv {]hXmw \oXs¶bmWv Ncp-hn-eqsS Hgp-Ip¶ Bkmw A{Kw C\-£kn Cu shÅ-¯nsâ ap³\n-c-bnse-¯m-\n-Ñn-¡pt¼mÄ, bp[zm cmPm Ch knNu \bkn bp²w sN¿p¶ cmPm-hn-s\-t¸mse (tk-\-bp-sS) cp- I-c-I-sfbpw \bn-¡p-¶-Xv. 5. Caw ta KwtK bapt\ kc-kzXn ipXp{Zn kvtXmaw kNXm ]cpjvWym AknIv\ym acp-Zzrt[ hnX-kvXþ bmÀPn-Iotb irWplym kptjm-abm B KwtK bapt\ kc-kzXn ipXp{Zn ChnsS KwtK! bapt\! kc-kzXo! ipXp{Zo! ]cpjvWn AknIv\ym acp-Zzrt[ ]cpjvWo! Akn-Iv\n-tbmSp-Iq-Snb acp-Zzrt[! hnX-kvXbm kptjm-abm BÀPn-Iotb hnX-kvX-tbm-Sp-w kptjm-a-tbmSpwIq-Snb BÀPo-Iotb! ta Caw kvtXmaw irWpln B kNX Fsâ Cu kvXpXn {i²n-¡p-Ibpw tIÄ¡p-Ibpw sNbvXmepw! 6. XrjvSm-abm {]Yaw bmXth kPqx kpkÀ¯zm ckbm tizXym Xym Xzw kntÔm Ip`bm tKmaXow {Ipapw talXv\zm kcYw bm`n-co-btk {]Yaw XrjvSm-abm kPqx BZyw -Xr-jvSm-a-tbmSp tNÀ¶pw kpkÀ¯zm ckbm Xym tizXym (]n-¶o-Sv) kpkÀ¯pthmSpw ck-tbmSpw Cu tizXy-tbmSpw tNÀ¶pw Xzw kntÔm Ip`bm tKmaXow \o, kntÔm! Ip`-tbm-SpIqSn tKma-Xn-bn-te¡pw talXv\zm {Ipapw kcYw tal-Xv\p-thm-Sp-IqSn {Ipap-hnte¡pw AtX tXcn bm`nx bmXth Cubtk Ch-sb-Ãm-än-t\m-Spw-IqSn \o thK-¯n t]mIp¶p. 7. EPo-tXy\o cpiXo alnXzm ]cn {Pbmwkn `ctX cPmwkn AZ-_v[m knÔpc-]-kva-]-kvXþ amizm \ Nn{Xm h]p-joh ZÀiXm EPoXo G\o cpiXo Xsâ- h-gn-bn t\sc t]mIp-¶-hfpw ]pÅn-I-fpÅhfpw {]Im-iam\bpw alnXzm {Pbmwkn cPmwkn ]cn `ctX aln-a-bn hnIm-k§-fmepÅ kmÔy-km-{am-Py-§-Ä `cn-¡p-¶ -hfpw AZ_v[m A]kmw A]-kvXam NXn-¡m¯hfpw Xnc¡pÅ-h-cn Gähpw Xnc-¡p-Å-h-fpw Aizm \ Nn{Xm knÔpx s]¬Ip-Xn-c-sb-t¸mse i_-tfmÖz-e-bp-amb knÔp h]pjo Ch ZÀiXm kpµ-cn-sb-t¸mse ZÀi-\o-b-bt{X. 8. kzizm knÔpx kpcYm kphmkm lnc-Wybo kpIrXm hmPn-\o-hXo DuÀWm-hXo bphXnx koe-am-hþ XypXm[n hkvtX kp`Km a[p-hr[w knÔpx kzizm kpcYm kphmkmx knÔp \à IpXn-cIfpw \à tXcpIfpw \à hkv-{X-§-fp-ap-Å-hfpw lnc-Wybo kpIrXm hmPn-\o-hXo kzÀW-hÀWbpw \¶mbn cq]-s¸-«-hfpw k½m-\-s¸¬Ip-Xn-c-I -fn k¼¶bpat{X. bphXnx DuÀWm-hXo koe-am-hXo Cu bph-Xn- tcm-a-§fnepw (]-X-I-fnÂ) k-ky-§fnepw kar²bpw DX kp`Km a[p-hr[w A[n hkvtX kp`-Kbpw tX³ hgnbp¶ hkv{X-§Ä [cn-¡p-¶-h-fp-am-Ip-¶p. 9. kpJw cYw bpbptP knÔp-c-izn\w tX\ hmPw k\n-j-Z-kvan-¶mPu alm³ lyky alnam ]\-kyþ tXZ-_v[ky kzb-itkm hnc-]vin\x knÔpx kpJw cYw Aizn\w bpbptP knÔp Xsâ kpJ-I-c-amb tXcn IpXn-c-Isf sI«p¶p. tX\ Akvan³ BPu hmPw k\n-jXv AXp-sImv AhÄ Cu aÕ-c-¯n k½m\w t\Ss«! ln alm³ Aky alnam ]\-kytX Fs´-¶mÂ, al-¯mb AXnsâ alna {]iwk ]nSn-¨p-]-äp-¶p. AZ-_v[ky kzb-ikx hnc-]vin\x AXv NXn-¡m-¯Xpw kzbw-am-lm-ßy-ap-ÅXpw [mcmfw \ÂIp-¶-Xp -am-Ip-¶p. ]¯mw -a-WvU-ew, Fgp]¯mdmw -kqàw Pc-XvIÀW sFcm-h-X³ F¶ kÀ¸w Ejn-; 8 ]Zy-§Ä; PKXn; ]nSn-¡-Ãp-IÄ tZhX ]nSn-¡-Ãp-IÄ¡p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« aq¶p kqà-§-fn CXmWv Be-¦m-cn-I-ambn IqSpX anI-hp-ä-Xv. 1. B h ERvPk DuÀPmw hypjvSnþ jzn{µw acptXm tcmZko A\-à\ Dt` bYm t\m Al\o kNm-`phm kZx ktZm hcn-h-kymX DZv`nZm DuÀPmw hypjvSnjp hx B ERvPtk `£-W-¯nsâ BZys¯ {]`mX-§-fn Rm³ \n§fpsS -t\sc hcp-¶p. C{µw acpXx tcmZko A\-à\ C{µ-s\bpw acp-¯p-¡sfbpw cp temImÀ[-§-sfbpw A`n-tj-Nn -¨mepw! bYm Dt` Al\o kNm-`phm AXp-sImv cmhpw ]Iepw ]¦m-fn-¯-t¯msS \x kZx kZx- D-Zv`nZm hcn-h-kymXx R§Ä¡pÅ Hmtcm Ccn-¸n-Shpw, s]m«p-t¼mÄ, hnkvXr-X-am-¡p¶p. 2. XZp t{ijvTw kh\w kpt\m-Xþ \mtXym \ lkvX-btXm A{Znx tkmXcn hnZ-²ytcym A`n-`qXn ]uwkyw atlm cmtb NnXv XcptX bZÀhXx XZv D kh\w t{ijvTw kpt\m-X\ Cu kh\w Gähpw \¶mbn kh\w sNbvXmepw! lkvX-bXx AXyx \ A{Znx tkmXcn ssII-fm \nb-{´n¡-s¸« Hcp ]´-b-¡p-Xn-c-sb-t¸mse ]nSn-¡Ãv kh\w sN¿p-¶-hsâ (\n-b-{´-W-¯n)-e-t{X. ln Acyx A`n-`qXn ]uwkyw hnZZv AXv A]-cn-Nn-Xs\ AXn-{I-an-¡p¶ ]ucp-j-iàn Is-¯p-¶-Xp -sImv, alx cmtb NnZv bZv AÀhXx XcptX al-¯mb [\-¯n\p-thn (k-h\w sN¿p-¶-h\pw) ]S-¡p-Xn-c -(]n-Sn-¡Ãv)bnÂ\n¶p (hcp¶ B ]ucp-j-iàn) \ÂIp-¶p. 3. XZn-[yky kh\w hnth-ct]m bYm ]pcm a\th KmXp-a-t{iXv tKmAÀWkn Xzmjvt{S Aiz-\nÀWnPn t{]a-[z-tcjz[z-cm-\-in-{ibpx ln Aky XXv kh\w CXv A]x Imc-Ww, AXv Cu kh\-¯n¯s¶bpÅ A[zm-\w bYm ]pcm a\th KmXpw At{iXv hnthx ap³]v (C{µ³) a\p-hn\pthn hgn-sbm-cp-¡n-bXpt]mse hym]n-¡s«! tKmAÀWkn Aiz-\nÀWnPn ]ip-¡-fpsS shÅ-s¸m-¡-apm-¡p-¶Xpw IpXn-c-Isf AWn-\n-c-¯n-b-Xp -amb Xzmjvt{S Cuw A[z-cm³ A[z-tcjp {] Ain-{ibpx Xzmjv{Ssâ (kz-¯n-\v) AhÀ bÚ-¯n-\p-ta bÚ-sam-cp-¡p¶p. 4. A] lX c£tkm `wKp-cm-hXx kvI`m-bX \ncrXnw tk[XmaXnw B t\m cbnw kÀh-hocw kpt\m-X\ tZhmhyw `cX tÇmI-a-{Zbx c£kx `wKp-c-hXx A] lX c£-Êp-Isf Ah-cpsS I¸Ât¨-X-¯n-eqsS XIÀ¯mepw! \ncrXnw kvI`m-bX AaXnw tk[X {]fbw XSbpIbpw A-{i² XpS-¨p-am-äpIbpw sNbvXmepw! \x kÀh-hocw cbnw B kpt\m-X\ R§Ä¡v Btcm-Kyhm·m-cmb hoc·m-cnepÅ k¼¯v ]ngn-sª -Sp-¯mepw! A{Zbx tZhmhyw tÇmIw `cX ]nSn-¡-Ãp-Itf! tZh-·msc ]n´p-S-cp¶ i_vZ-ap-m-¡n-bmepw! 5. Znh-Ýn-Zm thmah-¯-tct`ym hn`z\m NnZm-iz-]-kvX-tc`yx hmtbm-ÝnZm tkma-c-`-kvX-tcþ t`ymtá-Ýn-ZÀ¨ ]nXp-Ir-¯-tc`yx Znhx NnZv B Aa-h-¯-tc`yx kzÀK-t¯-¡mfpw AXn-tLm-chpw hn`z\m NnZv Biz-]-kvX-tc`yx hn`zm-th-¡mfpw thK-¯n {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-hcpw hmtbmx NnZv tkmac-`-kvX-tc`yx hmbp-th-¡mfpw tkmaelcn ]nSn-¨-hcpw Atáx NnXv ]nXp-Ir-¯-tc`yx hx B AÀ¨ Aán-tb-¡mfpw \¶mbn `£Ww X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-h-cp-amb \n§sf kvXpXn¨mepw! 6. `pc´p t\m bikx tkmXz-Ôtkm {KmhmtWm hmNm ZnhnXm Znhn-ßXm \tcm b{X ZpltX Imayw aþ [zmtLm-j-bt´m A`ntXm anY-kvXpcx A`nXx anY-kvXpcx hmNm BtLm-j-b´x Ah (]n-Sn-¡-Ãp-IÄ) At\ym\yw apdn-¨p-I-S-¡th (kzÀK-`q-an -I-sf) i_vZw tIĸn-¨p-sImv b{X \cx Imayw a[p ZpltX D¶-X-]p-cp-jÀ X§Ä¡pthn A`n-e-j-Wo-b-amb tX³ Id-¡p-t¼mÄ, bikx {KmhmWx \x bi-Êpä ]nSn-¡-Ãp-IÄ R§Ä¡mbn Znhn-ßXm ZnhnXm tkmXp kzÀK-_-²hpw kzÀKo-b-hp-ambn Dds¡ i_vZn-¡-s«! AÔkx `pc´p Ah X-nÂ\n¶p tkmaw ]ngn-b-s«! 7. kp\z´n tkmaw cYn-cmtkm A{Ztbm \ncky ckw Khntjm Zpl´n tX Zpl-´yq-[-cp-]-tk-N-\mb Iw \tcm lhym \ aÀP-b´ Bk`nx A{Zbx cYn-cmkx tkmaw kp\z´n ]nSn-¡-Ãp-Ifpw tXcm-fnIfpw tkma-k-h\w sN¿p-¶p. tX Aky Khnjx ckw \nx Zpl´n Ah ]ip-¡sf CÑn¡p-¶-hsâ ckw Id-¡p-¶p. D]-tk-N-\mb Du[x Iw Zpl´n AXp ]pd-t¯¡p ]Icp¶-Xn\v Ah AInSp Id-¡p-¶p. \cx Bk`nx lhym \ aÀP-bt´ D¶-X-]p-cp-j-cmbn Ah (tkmas¯), X§-fpsS hmb-IÄsImv lhn-Êp-I-sf¶-t]m-se, hcn-¡p-¶p. 8. GtX \cx kz]tkm A`q-X\ b C{µmb kp\pY tkma-a-{Zbx hmaw hmaw thm Zn-hymb [mavt\ hkp hkp hx ]mÀYn-hmb kp\ztX tb \cx GtX hx A{Zbx C{µmb D¶-X-]p-cp-j-cmb Cu \n§Ä ]nSn-¡-Ãp-IÄ C{µ-\p-thn tkmaw kp\pY kz]kx A`q-X\ tkmaw ]ngn-sª-Sp¡p¶ \à {]hÀ¯-I-cm-bn-¯oÀ¶mepw! hx hmaw hmaw Znhymb [mavt\ \n§-fpsS hne-s¸« Hmtcm hkvXphpw kzÀK-km-{am-Py-¯n-\p-th-n-bpw hkp hkp ]mÀYn-hmb kp\ztX \à Hmtcm hkvXphpw `qan-bn kh\w sN¿p-¶-h-\p-th-nbpam¡n -bmepw! ]¯mw aWvU-ew, F¬]¯naq¶mw -kqàw a\yp Xm]-k³ Ejn-; 7 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp-¸v (P-KXn 1 Hgn-sI); a\yp (bp-²-tcm-jw) tZhX Cu kqàw a\ypsh, AXnsâ iànsbbpw hnPbw ssIh-cp-¯p¶ KpW-§sfbpw, kvXpXn-¡p-Ibpw Ahsb X§-fpsS i{Xp-¡Äs¡-Xn-cmbn D]-tbm-Kn-¡m³ AXn-t\mSv At]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ \mep ]Zy- §-tfm-Sp-IqSn XpS-§p-¶p. XpSÀ¶p Å aq¶p ]Zy-§Ä (5-þ7) IqSp-X hyàn-]-c-amb kzc-ap-ÅXpw hàm-hn- s\ -a\yp CS-bn A\n-Ýn-X-amb Imc-W-§-fm ssIhn-«-Xn-\m AXns\ hopw Xncn¨p Xsâ ]£-¯m¡n i{Xpsh H¶n-s¨-XnÀ¡m-sa-¶-t]-£n-¡p-¶-Xp-am-Wv. 1. bkvtX at\ymhn[Zv h{P kmb-I- kl HmPx ]pjyXn hniz-am-\p-jIv kmlyma Zmk-amcyw Xzbm bpPm kl-kvIr-tX\ klkm kl-kzXm at\ym h{P kmbI bx tX Ahn-[Xv at\ym (bp-²-tcm-jta)! h{Pta! icta! \ns¶ _lp-am-\n-¡p¶h³ hnizw klx HmPx B\p-jIv ]pjyXn FÃm hnP-b-i-ànI-fnepw Icp-¯nepw {Ia-¯n A`n-hr-²n-s¸ -Sp-¶p. bpPm Xzbm kl-kvIr-tX\ klkm R§Ä Iq«p-Im-c-\mb \nt¶m-Sp-IqSn iàn-bm krjvSn-¡-s¸« iàntbmsS kl-kzXm Zmkw Bcyw klyma iànbpÅ-h-\mbn Zmks\bpw Bcy-s\bpw Pbn-¡s«! 2. a\yp-cnt{µm a\yp-tc-hmk tZthm a\ypÀtlmXm hcptWm PmX-thZmx a\ypw hni CuftX am\p-joÀbmx ]mln t\m at\ym X]km ktPmjmx a\ypx C{µx a\ypx Gh tZhx Bk a\yp-hm-bn-cp¶p C{µ³; (Hmtcm) tZh\pw a\yp-hm-bn-cp-¶p. a\ypx tlmXm hcpWx PmX-thZmx tlmXmhpw hcp-W\pw PmX-th-ZÊpw a\yp-hm-bn-cp-¶p. bmx am\pjox hnix a\ypw CuftX a\p-hnÂ\n¶p InfnÀ¡p¶ tKm{X-§Ä a\ypsh hnfn-¡p-¶p. at\ym X]km ktPmjmx \x ]mln at\ym! Bth-i-t¯mSp-IqSn R§sf c£n-¨mepw! 3. A`oln at\ym Xh-k-kvX-ho-bm³ X]km bpPm hn Pln i{Xq³ Aan-{Xlm hr{Xlm Zkyplm N hnizm- h-kq\ym `cm Xzw \x at\ym Xhkx Xho-bm³ A`n Cln at\ym! ià-t\-¡mÄ ià-\mbn B{I-an-¨mepw! X]km bpPm i{Xq³ hn Pln Bth-i-t¯msS Iq«p-Im-c\mbn R§-fpsS i{Xp-¡sf l\n-¨mepw! Aan-{Xlm hr{Xlm Zkyplm N i{Xp-l-´mhpw XS-椀 XIÀ¡p-¶-h\pw Zkyp-¡sf sImÃp-¶-h -\p-ambn Xzw hnizm hkq\n \x B `c \o FÃm \à hkvXp-¡fpw R§Ä¡v ChnsS sImp-h-¶mepw! 4. Xzw ln at\ym A`n-`q-tXymPmx kzbw-`qÀ`mtam A`n-am-Xn-jmlx hniz-NÀjWnx klpcnx klm-hmþ \kvam-tkzmPx ]rX-\mkp t[ln ln at\ym Xzw A`n-`q-tXymPmx Fs´-¶mÂ, at\ym! \o AXn-{I-an-¡p¶ Icp-¯p-Å-h-\-t{X. kzbw`qx `max A`n-am-Xn-klx X¶-¯m³ P\n¨ t{Im[hpw i{Xp-hn-P-bn-bp-am-Wv. hniz-NÀjWnx klpcnx klm-hm³ FÃm km{am-Py§Ä¡pw s]mXp-hm-bp-Å-h\pw Pb-io-e\pw Pbn -¡m³ Icp¯p-Å-h-\p-am-Ip-¶p. Akvamkp ]rX-\mkp HmPx t[ln R§Ä¡p bp²-¯n iàn X¶mepw! 5. A`mKx k¶] ]tctXm Akvan Xh {IXzm Xhn-jky {]tNXx Xw Xzm at\ym A{I-XpÀPn-lo-fmlw kzm X\qÀ_e-tZ-bmb taln Xhn-jky {]tNXx Xh {IXzm ià\pw hI-Xn-cn-hp-Å-h\p-amb \nsâ \nÝbw \nan¯w A`mKx k³ A] ]tcXx Akvan `mKy-an-Ãm-¯-h-\mbn Rm³ A§-Ise t]mbn-cn-¡-bm-Wv. at\ym Xw Xzm A{IXpx Alw Pnlof at\ym! B \nt¶mSv Dt±-iy-]qÀh-aà Rm³ tIm]n-¨-Xv. _e-tZ-bmb kzm X\qx am B Cln _ew Xcm³ \o t\cn«v Fsâ ASp-t¯¡p h¶mepw! 6. Abw tX Akvayp] talyÀhmMv {]Xo-No\x klptc hniz-[mbx at\ym h{Pn-¶`n amam hhrÕz l\mh Zkyq-\pX t_m[ymt]x tX Abw Akvan \nsâ Cubp-Å-h³ Chn-sS-bp-v. hniz-[mbx klptc FÃm-h-scbpw ape IpSn-¸n-¡p¶ hnPb-io-em! am AÀhmIv {]Xo-No\x D] Cln Fsâ Acn-In-te¡v F\n-¡-`n-ap-J-ambn t\sc h¶mepw! at\ym h{Pn³ B amw A`n hhrÕz at\ym! h{P-[cm! ChnsS Fsâ t\À¡p Xncn-ªmepw! Zkyq³ l\mh D] Bt]x t_m[n \ap-¡n-cp-hÀ¡pw Zkyp¡sf XIÀ¡mw; \nsâ kplr-¯n-s\-¡p -dn¨p {i²n-¨mepw! 7. A`n t{]ln Z£n-WtXm `hm ta[m hr{XmWn PwL-\mh `qcn Pptlman tX [cpWw at[zm A{Kþ ap`m D]mw-ip- {]-Yam ]n_mh A`n {] Cln ta Z£n-WXx `h B{I-an-¡m³ apt¶m«p t]mbmepw! F-sâ heXp-h-i¯pm-bmepw! A[ `qcn hr{XmWn PwL-\mh ]n¶oSp \ap¡v [mcmfw XS-Ê-§sf XIÀ¡mw. tX [cpWw a[zx A{Kw Pptlman Rm³ \n\¡v ASn-¯dbpw tX\nsâ Aähpw tlman-¡p-¶p. D`u {]Yam D]mwip ]n_mh \ap-¡n-cp-hÀ¡pw BZyw au\-ambn IpSn-¡mw. ]¯mw -a-WvU-ew, F¬]¯mdmw -kqàw C{µ³ Ejn (1-, 8, 11-þ12, 14, 19-þ22), C{µmWn (2-þ6, 9þ10, 15-þ18), hrjm-I]n sF{µ³ (7, 13, 23)-; 23 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w ]wàn; hrjm-I]n tZhX (hr-jm-I-]n sF{µ\pw C{µm-Wnbpw C{µ\pw X½n-epÅ kw`m-j-Ww) EtKz-Z-¯nse Akm-[m-cm-c-W-amb kqà-am-Wn-sX¶v A`n-{]m-b-apÅ ]WvUnXcp-v. Cµ³, C{µm-Wn, Ah-fp-ambn ssewKn-Im-Xn-{I-a-¯n-s¶m-cp-§nb hrjm-I]n F¶ ZpÀhr-¯-\mb Ipc-§³ F¶n-hÀ X½n-epÅ kw`m-j-W-am-Wn-Xv. sR«n-¡p¶ ssewKn-I-hyh-lm-c-a-S-§p¶ kqàw. 23 ]Zy-¯nepw C{µsâ AXyp-¶-XXzw {]Jym-]n-¡p¶ ]Ã-hn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu kqàw- B-sI-¡qSn C{µsâ hmgv¯p¶-sX¶p ]d-tb--Xn-Ã. [mcmfw hymJym-\-t`-Z-§Ä an¡ ]Zy-§Ä¡p-ap-v. cmPIo-b-amb Aiz-ta-[-b-Ú-¯nsâ ]tcm-£-amb hnh-c-W-am-sW¶p hymJym-\n-¨m ]e {]iv\-§fpw ]cn-l-cn-¡m-\m-hp-sa-¶mWv Pman-k¬-þsâ \nco-£-Ww. {]kvXp-X-kq-à-¯n hrjm-I]n (BÄ ¡-c-§v) Aizs¯ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶p. Ahsâ C{µm-Wn-bp-am- bpÅ ssewKn-Im-`m-k-§Ä Aiz-ta-[-]-c-amb hymJym-\-¯n hyà-am-hpw. AhÄ Ahs\ shdp-¡p-¶p-sh- ¦nepw kqàw apt¶-d-th, Ahsâ ssewKn-I-ssh-Ir-X-§sf t{]mÕm-ln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp -Im-Wmw. hrjm-I-]n-bpsS `mcy-sb¶v C{µ³ Hcn-S¯v C{µm-Wnsb kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶Xv (13) A§s\ AÀY-h-¯m-hp-¶p. ssewKn-I- \jvSw kw`-hn-¡p-¶-h-\mWv icn-¡pÅ A[n-]Xn F¶v {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶Xv (17) AXpsIm-m-Wv. kqà-am-cw-`n-¡p-¶Xv, X\n¡v BZ-c-sam¶pw In«-¶n-sÃ-¶v- C-µ³ ]cmXn ]d-bp-Ibpw C{µmWn AXv icn- sh-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-tXm-sS-bmWv (1-þ2). C{µ\p \jvS-{]m-b-amb ]Zhn hos-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn\v Aiz-ta[w \S- ¯m-\pÅ {]tNm-Z\w A§s\ ssIh-cp-¶p. XpSÀ¶v hrjm-I-]n-bn-te¡p hnjbw amdp¶p (3þ6). Ah-\p-am- bpÅ kulrZw C{µm-Wn-bp-am-bpÅ _Ô-¯n Imepjyw krjvSn-¡p-¶p. hrjm-I]n kw`m-j-W-¯n CS- s]-Sp¶p (7). Ah³ Ah-fpsS Ahy-à-amb £Wkq-N-\-IÄ¡v {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-¶p. Aiz-ta-[-¯nse ssewKn-I- ssh-Ir-X-§Ä¡v Ah-cn Ac-s§m-cp-§p¶p (8-þ9). 10-þ11 ]Zy-§Ä C{µ]-Xv\n-bm-b-Xn-epÅ C{µmWnbpsS A`n-am\w {]I-Sn-X-am-hp-¶p. XpSÀ¶v C{µ³ bÚ-l-hn-Êmbn tZh-·m-cpsS ASp-t¯¡p t]mb kplr-¯nsâ- ¯n hne-]n-¡p-Ibpw (12), AtX-k-abw ]pXn-b- b-Ú-l-hn-Êp-IÄ kzbw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xn B\-µn-¡p- Ibpw (13-þ14) sN¿p¶p. Cu ]Zy-§-fn Ah³ ]Xv\nsb C{µm-Wn-bmbpw (12) hrjm-I-]m-bn-(hr-jm-I-]n-bpsS `mcy)bmbpw (13) kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. hrjm-I-]n-bp-am-bpÅ kwt`m-K-¯n AhÄ Ahsâ Xmev¡m-en-I- bÚ-]-Xv\nbmbn amdn-bn-cp-¶-tÃm. 15-þmw ]Zy-¯n BJym-Xmhv C{µsâ tkma-l-hn-Êp-IÄ ]p\-c-cm-cw-`n-¡s¸«- Xmbn Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. A§s\ H¶mw ]Zy-¯n ]dª bÚ-\jvSw ]cn-lr-X-am-bn. CXnsâ {]Xn-I-c-W-amb cp ]Zy-§Ä (16-þ17) XpSÀ¶p-h-cp-¶p. Ch-bmWv kqà-¯nsâ lrZbhpw Aiz-ta-[-¯nsâ icn-¡pÅ \ymbo-I-c-W-hpw. BZy-t¯Xv hniz-P-\o-\-amb Hcp kXyw hyà-am-¡p¶p: ssewKn- I-ambn hnPbw t\Sn-b-h-\mWv icn-bmb A[n-]-Xnbpw A[n-Im-c-i-àn-bpw. ]t£, CXv sshcp-[ym-ß-I-ambn amän-a-dn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p: hnP-bn-¡m-¯-h-\mWv A[n-]-Xn. Cu {]kvXm-h\ Aiz-ta-[-¯n\p `wKnbmbn tNcpw: cmPmhv Aiz-¯m (C-hn-sS- hr-jm-I-]n-bmÂ) Pmcn-Wo-]-Xn-bm-bn-¯o-cp¶p. Cu \mWw sI« {]hr-¯n¡v Xm³ km£n-bmWv! ]t£, Ah³ FÃm bÚ-t\-«-§fpw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ A[n-Im-c-iàn hÀ[n-¡p-¶p. AtX -k-abw cmÚn-bpsS ssewKn-I-]-¦mfn bPn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu ]Zy-Zz-b-t¯msS kqàw D¨-tIm-Sn-bn-se-¯p-Ibpw AXnsâ ktµiw {]Jym-]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. _m¡n-bp-Åh Xcw- Xm-W-h-bm-sW¶p ]d-bmw. ASp¯ A©p ]Zy-§Ä (18-þ22)- bÚm-\-´-c-w hr-jm-I-]n- bpsS tZh-·m-cn-te-¡pÅ A´y-bm-{X-bm-Wv. A´n-a-]Zyw am\-hn-bpsS {]k-h-¯w-¸-än-bpÅ {]tl-fn-Im-kz-`m- h-apÅ H¶m-Wv. Aiz-ta-[-^ew kar-²-amb DÀh-c-X-bm-sW-¶m-hmw CXnsâ kmcmw-iw. 1. hn ln tkmtXm-c-kr-£X t\{µw tZh-a-aw-kX b{Xm-a-ZZv hrjm-I-]nþ ccyx ]pjvtSjp aÕJm hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx b{X aÕJm hrjm-I]nx (C-{µ³:) Fsâ kJmhv hrjmI]n Acyx ]pjvtSjp Aa-Z-Xv A]-cn-Nn-Xsâ Ing-hn-I-fn aZw sImÅp-¶p. -ln tkmtXmx hn Akr-£X AhÀ (tkma)kh\w hn«Xn\m C{µw tZhw \ Aaw-kX C{µs\ tZh-\mbn BZ-cn-¡p-¶Xp \nÀ¯n. C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 2. ]cm lo{µ [mhkn hrjm-I-t]-cXn hyYnx t\m Al {] hnµþ ky\y{X tkma-]o-Xtb hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx ln C{µ hrjm-It]x (C-{µmWn:) ""C{µm! \o hrjm-I-]n-bpsS AXn hyYnx ]cm [mhkn hgn hn« amÀK-§Ä¡¸pdw HmSp¶-Xp-sImv tkma-]o-Xtb t\m A\y{X Al {] hnµkn tkmaw IpSn¡m³ \o Hcn-S¯pw t]mIp¶n-Ã.'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 3. Inabw Xzmw hrjm-I-]nþ ÝImc lcntXm arKx bkvam Cc-ky-koZp \ztcym hm ]pjvSn-aZv hkp hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx lcnXx arKx Abw hrjm-I]nx Xzmw (C-{µ³:) F´mWv ]nwK-e-ar-K-amb Cu hrjm-I]n \nt¶mSv, bkvssa Acyx ]pjvSn-aZv hkp hm Inw NImc AsænÂ, A]-cn-Nn-Xsâ A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp¶ km[-\-§ -tfmSv, sNbvXXv? \p Cc-kykn CZv D \o Ct¸mÄ Ah-t\mSv Akq-bm-ephmtWm?'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 4. banaw Xzw hrjm-I]nw {]nb-an-{µm`nc£kn izm \zky Pw`n-jþ Z]n IÀtW hcm-l-bpÀþ hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx C{µ Xzw {]nbw Caw (C{µmWn:) ""C{µm! \n kwc-£n-¡p¶ hrjm-I]nw A`n-c-£kn Cu {]nb-s¸« hrjm-I]nsb, Aky hcm-lbpx izm ]¶nsb th«-bm-Sp¶ \mb, \p A]n IÀtW Pw`n-jXv Ct¸mįs¶ sNhn ]nSn¨p ISn¡s«!'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 5. {]nbm XjvSm\n ta I]nÀþ hyàm hyZq-Zp-jXv intcm \zky cmhnjw \ kpKw ZpjvIrtX `phw hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx XjvSm\n hyàm ta {]nbm (C{µmWn:) ""(\¶mbn) cq]-s¸-Sp-¯n-bXpw Ae-¦-cn-¡-s¸-«-Xp-amb Fsâ {]nb-s¸« (Kply-`m-K-§Ä) I]nx hn AZq-Zp-jXv Ipc-§³ Zpjn-¸n-¨p. Aky incx \p cmhnjw Rm³ Chsâ Xe Ct¸mÄ ASn¨p-s]m-fn-¡pw. ZpjvIrtX kpKw \ `phw Zpjv{]-hr¯n sN¿p-¶-h\v Fs¶ -F-fp-¸-¯n IS-¶p-t]m-Im-\m-hnÃ!'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 6. \ aXv kv{Xo kp`-k-¯cm \ kqbm-ip-Xcm `phXv \ aXv {]XnNyho-bko \ kIvYy-pZv -b-ao-bko hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx aXv kv{Xo kp`-k-¯cm \ `phXv (C-{µmWn:) ""Hcp kv{Xo¡pw Ftâ-Xn-t\-¡mÄ \à \nXw-_tam \ kpbm-ip-Xcm Ft¶-¡mÄ \à ssewKn-I-kpJw \ÂIm\pÅ anSpt¡m CÃ. aXv {]Xn-Ny-ho-bko \ Hcp-¯n¡pw Ft¶-¡mÄ \-¶mbn (`À¯m-hns\ amdnÂ) hogv¯mt\m kIvYn DZv bao-bko \ Xsâ XpS-I-fp-bÀ¯mt\m Ignhn-Ã.'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 7. Dth Aw_ kpem-`ntI btY-hmwK `hn-jyXn `ht· AwK kIvYn ta intcm ta hoh lrjyXn hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx Dth kpem-`ntI Aw_ (hr-jm-I]n:) {]nb-apÅ kptim-`\-bmb At½! bYm Ch AwK `hn-jyXn AXp-t]mse DSs\ `hn¡s«! Aw_ ta `kXv kIvYn At½! Fsâ Ac-s¡«pw XpSbpw ta incx hn Ch lrjyXn Xebpw ]£n-sb-t¸mse aZw sImÅs«! ta C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx Fsâ C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tasebmWv! 8. Inw kp_mtlm kzwKptc ]rYpjvtSm ]rYp-Pm-Lt\ Inw iqc-]Xv\n \kvXzþ a`y-aojn hrjm-I]nw hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx kp_mtlm kzwKptc (C-{µ³:) \à ssIbpw \à hnc-ep-apÅ-htf! ]rYpjvtSm ]rYp-P-Lt\ Xg¨ Xe-ap-Snbpw XSn¨ Acs¡-«p-ap-Å-htf! iqc-]Xv\n Xzw \x hrjm-I]nw tbm²m-hnsâ `mtcy! \o \½psS hrjm-I-]nsb Inw Inw A`n Aaojn Fs´m-s¡-bmWv ]dªp tIm]n-¸n¡p-¶Xv? C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 9. Aho-cm-anh hmabw icm-cp-c`n a\ytX DXm-l-akvan hocnþ Wo{µ-]Xv\n acp-ÕJm hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx icmcpx Abw (C-{µmWn:) sImÃm³ sh¼p¶ Cu arKw amw Aho-cmw -Ch A`n a\ytX Fs¶ hoc(-\mb `À¯m-hn)Ãm-¯-h-sf-t¸m-se-bmWv hnNm-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. DX C{µ-]Xv\o Alw am{X-a-Ã, C{µ-]-Xv\n-bmb Rm³ hocnWo acp-ÕJm Akvan hoc-]p-{X-·mcpÅ-hfpw kJm¡-fmb acp-¯p-¡-tfmSpIqSn-b-h-fp-a-t{X. C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv!v! 10. kwtlm{Xw kva ]pcm \mco ka\w hmhmK-ÑXn th[m EXky hocnþ Wo{µ-]Xv\o alo-btX hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx ]pcm \mco kwtlm{Xw CXp-hsc kv{Xo Hcp-an¨v lhn-ÊÀ¸n¡p-¶-Xnepw ka\w hm Ah KÑXn kva DÕ-h-¯n kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶Xnepw am{Xw ]cn-Nn-X-bm-Ip-¶p. hocnWo C{µ-]Xv\o Ct¸mÄ AhÄ hoc\mb `À¯m-thmSp-Iq-Sn-b-hfpw C{µ-]-Xv\n-bp-am-sW¶ EXky th[mx alo-btX kXy-¯nsâ hnZ-Kv[-bm-bn- kvXpXn¡-s¸-Sp¶p! C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 11. Cµm-Wo-amkp \mcnjp kp`-Km-a-l-a-{ihw \lyky A]mcw N\ Pc-km- a-ctX ]XnÀþ hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx Bkp \mcnjp kp`Kmw Cu kv{XoIfn Gähpw `mKyh-Xn-bmWv C{µmWow Alw A{ihw C{µmWnsb¶p Rm³ tI«n-«pv. ln Akymx ]Xnx A]cw N\ Imc-Ww, Ah-fpsS `À¯mhv (C{µ³) Hcn-¡epw `mhn-bn Pckm \ actX Pcm-\-c-IÄ h¶p acn¡p-I-bn-Ã. C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 12. \ml-an-{µmWn cmcW kJypÀhr-jm-I-t]-crtX btky-Z-a]yw lhnx {]nbw tZthjp KÑXn hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx C{µmWn Alw kJypx (C-{µ³:) ""C{µmWo! kJm-hmb hrjm-It]x EtX \ ccW hrjm-I-]n-bn-ÃmsX F\n¡p kpJw In«p-¶n-Ã. bky {]nbw CZw A]yw lhnx Ahsâ {]nb-s¸« Pe-lhn-ÊmWv tZthjp KÑXn tZh-·mcnte¡p hcp-¶-Xv.'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 13. hrjm-I-]mbo tchXn kp]p{X BZp kpkv\ptj Lk¯ C{µ D£Wx {]nbw ImNn-XvIcw lhnÀþ hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx tchXn kp]pt{X kpkv\ptj hrjm-]-Imbn (C{µ³:) k¼¶-cmb \à a¡-tfmSpw Ah-cpsS \à `mcy amtcmSpw IqSnb hrjm-I-]mbo (hr-jm-I-]n-bpsS ]Xv\o þ C{µmWo)! C{µx tX D£Wx ImNn-XvIcw C{µ³ \nsâ Imf-I-sfbpw \o (B-{K-ln-¡p-¶) F´pw ssIh-cp-¯p¶ {]nbw lhnx BZv D LkXv {]nb-l-hn-Ên-s\bpw Xn¶s«!'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 14. D£vtWm ln ta ]©-Zi kmIw ]N´n hnwiXnw DXm-l-akvan ]oh Cþ ap`m Ip£o ]rW´n ta hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx ln kmIw ]©-Zi hnwiXnw (C{µ³:) ""Imc-Ww, AhÀ Htc kabw ]Xn-\©pw Ccp-]Xpw D£vWx ta ]N´n Imf-Isf F\n-¡p-thn thhn-¡p-¶p. DX Alw ]ohx CZv AZvan Rm³ sImgp-t¸ Xn¶p-I-bp-ap-Åq. ta D`m Ip£o ]rW´n Ah Fsâ cp Ihn-fp-Ifpw \nd-bv¡p-¶p.'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 15. hrjt`m \ XnÜ-irwþ tKm´Àbq-tYjp tcmcp-hXv aÙkvX C{µ iw lrtZ bw tX kpt\mXn `mhbpÀþ hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx C{µ bqtYjp tcmcp-hXv C{µm! Iq«-§fn \nc´cw Ae-dp¶ XnÜ-irwKx hrj`x \ IqÀ¯ -sIm-¼pÅ Imf-sb-t¸mse `mhbpx bw tX kpt\mXn A`n-hr-²n-bm-{K-ln-¡p-¶-h³ \n\-¡p-thn ]ngn-sª-Sp-¡p¶ aÙx tX lrtZ iw ""{]tNm-Z-I-amb'' (tkm-a-ss\-th-Zyw \nsâ lrZ-b-¯n\p kpJIc-a-t{X. C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 16. \ tkti bky cw_þ tX´cm kIvYym I]rXv tkZoti bky tcma-iw \ntj-Zptjm hnPrw-`tX hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx bky kIvYym A´cm I]rXv (C-{µ³:) ""XpS-IÄ¡n-S-bn enwKw cw_tX kx \ Cuti Xq§n-\n¡p¶h³ (kw-t`mK¯n\p)- kaÀY\-Ã.'' \ntj-Zpjx bky tcmaiw hnPrw-`tX InS-¡p¶ BcpsS enwKw tcmam-hr-X-amb tbm\n-Zzm-cs¯ Xpd -¡p-¶p-thm kx CZv Cuti Ah³ (kw-t`m-K-¯n-\p) kaÀY-\m-Wv. C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 17. \ tkti bky tcmaiw \ntj-Zptjm hnPrw-`tX tkZoti bky cw_þ tX´cm kIvYym I]rZv hnizkvam-Zn{µ D¯cx \ntj-Zpjx bky tcmaiw hnPrw-`tX (C-{µmWn:) ""InS-¡p¶ BcpsS enwKw tcmam-hr-X-amb tbm\n - - Xpd-¡p-¶pthm kx \ Cuti Ah³ (kw-t`m-K-¯n-\p) kaÀY-\-Ã. bky- kIvYym A´cm I-]rXv XpS-IÄ¡n-S-bn enwKw cw_tX kx CXv Cuti Xq-§n-\n¡p-¶-h-\mWv (kw-t`mK-¯n-\v) kaÀY³.'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! Cu 16-þ17 ]Zy-§Ä¡v Xt]m-b-Úm-Zn-IÀamÀl-Xm-]-c-amb AÀYw- IqSn H. Fw. kn. \ÂIp-¶p-v. kmb- W-`m-jy-¯ntem hÅ-t¯mÄhn-hÀ¯-\-¯ntem ImWm-¯-Xm-W-Xv. 18. Ab-an{µ hrjm-I]nx ]c-kz´w lXw hnZXv Aknw kq\mw \hw Ncpþ amtZ-[-kym\ BNnXw hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx C{µ Abw hrjm-I]nx C{µm! Cu hrjm-I]n lXw ]c-kz´w Aknw sImÃ-s¸« Igp-X, I¯n, kq\mw \hw Ncpw sIm«, ]pXnb ]m{Xw, BZv G[ky BNnXw A\x hnZXv Iq¼mcw Iq«nb hn F¶nh Is¯s«! C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 19. Ab-taan hnNm-I-iZv hnNn-\z³ Zmk-amcyw ]n_man ]mI-kp-Xzt\mþ `n [oc-a-Nm-Iiw hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx Zmkw Bcyw hnNn-\z³ (hrjm-I]n:) ""ChnsS Rm³ Zmk-s\bpw Bcy-s\bpw X½n thÀXn-cn¨v hnNm-I-iXv Abw Gan BßmÀY-ambn t\m¡n-s¡mp t]mIp-¶p. ]mI-kp-Xz\x ]n_man Rm³ NXn-¡msX kh\w sN¿p¶-hsâ (lhnÊp) IpSn-¡p-t¼mÄ [ocw A`n ANm-Iiw _p²n-ams\ t\cn t\m¡p-¶p.'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 20. [\z N bXv Ir´{Xw N IXn kznXv Xm hn tbm-P\m t\Zo-btkm hrjm-I-t]-þ- kvX-taln Krlm-\p] hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx bXv N [\z N Ir´{Xw (C-{µ³:) ""Xcn-ip-`q-anbpw ImSpw X½n IXn kznXv Xm tbmP\m F{X tbmP\ AI-e-apv? hrjm-It] AkvXw hrjm-It]! ho«n-te¡v t\Zo-bkx Krlm³ hn D] B Cln IqSp-X Acn-sIbpÅ hoSp-I-fn-te-¡v, h¶mepw!'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 21. ]p\-tcln hrjm-It] kphnXm Iev]-bm-hssl b Gj kz]v\-\w-it\mþ kvXtajn ]Ym ]p\Àþ hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx bXv N [\z N Ir´{Xw (C-{µ³:) ""Xcn-ip-`q-anbpw ImSpw X½n IXn kznXv Xm tbmP\m F{X tbmP\ AI-e-apv? hrjm-It] AkvXw hrjm-It]! ho«n-te¡v t\Zo-bkx Krlm³ hn D] B Cln IqSp-X Acn-sI -bpÅ hoSp-I-fn-te-¡v, h¶mepw!'' C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 22. bZp-Zt©m hrjm-It] Krl-an-{µm-P-K-´\ Iz ky ]peztLm arKx Ia-K³ P\-tbm-]\x hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx hrjm-It] C{µ bZv DZ©x Krlw AP-K-´\ hrjm-It]! C{µm! \n§Ä apIfnse ho«nte¡p t]mIpt¼mÄ, ]pezLx kyx arKx Iz ]e Zpjvs¨bv-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw Cu h\yarKw FhnsS? P\-tbm-]\x Iw AK³ P\-§sf B\-µn-¸n-¡p¶h³ BcpsS ASp-t¯¡p t]mbn? C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! 23. ]ÀipÀl \ma am\ho kmIw kkqh hnwiXnw `{Zw `e Xykym A`qZv bkym DZ-c-am-a-bZv hniz-kvam-Zn{µ D¯cx `e ]Àipx \ma am\ho a\p-hnsâ ]Àip F¶ aIÄ hnwiXnw kmIw kkqh l Ccp-]-Xp-t]À¡v Htc kabw P·w \ÂIn. bkymx DZcw Ba-bZv hbÀ ({]-k-h-th-Z-\) Ae-«nb Xyssky `{Zw A`qXv AhÄ¡p awKfw `hn-¡s«! C{µx hniz-kvamZv D¯cx C{µ³ FÃm-änepw tase-bmWv! ]¯mw aWvU-ew, sXm®qdmw -kqàw \mcmb-W³ Ejn-; 16 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w A\p-jvSp¸v ({XnjvSp¸v 16 Hgn-sI); ]pcp-j³ tZhX CXv EtKz-Z-¯nse AXn-{]-kn-²-hpw Gähpw kzm[o\w sNep-¯p-¶-Xp-amb kqà-am-Ip-¶p. ]pcp-j-\mWv CXnsâ tI{µ{]Xo-Iw. D]-cn-X-e-hn-Nm-c-¯n CXv ]d-bp-¶Xv temIw krjvSn¡s¸-«Xv AXn-Im-b-\mb Hcp ]pcp-jsâ Ah-b-h-§ÄsIm-pÅ bÚ-¯nÂ\n-¶m-sW-¶m-Wv. {]m]-©n-I-b-Ú-¯n-eq-sS-bmWv bÚ-ap- m-b-sX¶ {]tabw ]cs¡ hym]n-¨n-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. ]t£, Cu kqàw B {]mNo-\-]m-c-¼-cy-¯nsâ ]p\-cm- hÀ¯-\-a-Ã. Cu ]pcp-j³ ]n¡m-e-kq-à-amb CXn bÚ-¯nsâ {]Xo-I-am-bn-«mWv {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xv. A§s\ ]pcp-j³ ]n¡m-e¯v Znhy-\mb {]Pm-]-Xn-¡p kam-\-\m-Ip-¶p. Cu kqàw NmXpÀhÀWy ¯nsâ ]cm-aÀia-S-§p¶ Htc-sbmcp kqà-sa¶ \nebv¡pw {it²-b-a-t{X. PmXn-hy-h-Ø-bv¡m-[m-c-amb NmXpÀhÀWy- ¯n\p thZm-\p-aXn e`n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-IqSn thn-bmhmw {]kvXp-X-kqàw EtKz-Z-¯n DÄs¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xv. ]pcp- j-sâbpw bÚ-¯n-sâ-bpw A`n-¶Xzw H¶mw ]Zy-¯nepw Ah³ `qansb AXn-hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p-sh¶v cnepw Ahsâ Cu B-[n-]Xyw XpSÀ¶v ]pcp-j-sâbpw hncm-«n-sâbpw ]c-kv]-c-P-·-cq-]amb A©nepw ]pcp-j³ lhn-Êm-sW¶v Bdnepw bÚ-]-ip-hm-sW¶v 15-þepw tZh-·mcpw km[y-·mcpw Ejn-Ifpw A\p-jvTn¨ bÚw- X-s¶-bm-WsX¶v Ggnepw CXnÂ\n¶p XpSÀ¶p-Å bÚ-§-fp-mbn F¶v F«nepw E¡p-Ifpw kma-§fpw Oµ-Êp-Ifpw bPpÊpw P\n-¨p-sh¶v H³]-Xnepw bÚ-ar-K-§-fp-Zv`-hn-¨p-sh¶v ]¯nepw bÚ-`m-K-§Ä aq¶v D]-cn-hÀW-§-fnÂ\n¶p P\n-¨p-sh¶v 11-þ12 epw Ah-km\w tZh-·mÀX-s¶bpw Dm-sb¶v 13-þ14 epw AXv kzÀK-Zzmc¯nse-¯n-¡p-sa¶v 16-þepw ]d-bp-¶p. 1. kl-{k-ioÀjm ]pcpjx kl-{km£x kl-{k]mXv k `qanw hniztXm hrXzmþ XyXn-jvTZv Zimw-Kpew ]pcpjx kl-{k-ioÀjm ]pcp-j³ Bbncw Xe-I-fp-Å-h\pw kl-{km£x kl-{k-]mXv Bbncw I®p-I-fp-Å-h\pw Bbncw Imep-I-fp-Å-h\pamWv. kx hnizXx `qanw hrXzm Ah³ FÃm hi-§-fnepw `qan aqSn-bn«v Zimw-Kpew AXn AXnjvTXv ]¯w-Kpew AXn-{I-an¨p\n¡p¶p. 2. ]pcpj GthZw kÀhw bZv `qXw b¨ `hyw DXm-ar-X-Xz-tky-imt\m bZ-t¶-\mXntcmlXn ]pcpjx Gh bZv `qXw ]pcp-j-\mWv Dm-bXpw bXv N `hyw CZw kÀhw Dm-hm-\n-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-amb Cu temIw apgph³. DX bZv At¶\ AXn-tcm-lXn am{X-a-Ã, `£-W-¯n-eqsS Cu temI-¯n-)\-¸pdt¯¡p Ib-dp-t¼mÄ, Aar-X-Xzky Cuim\x Ah³ Aar-X-Xz-¯nsâ A[n-]-Xnb-t{X. 3. GXm-hm-\ky alnamþ tXm PymbmwÝ ]qcpjx ]mtZmky hnizm `qXm\n {Xn]m-Z-kym-arXw Znhn GXm-hm³ Aky alnam C{X-bp-amWv Ah-sâ -a-lna; AXx ]pcpjx Pymbm³ N ]t£, ]pcp-j³ CXnepw IqSpX-em-Ip-¶p: Aky ]mZx hnizm `qXm\n Ahsâ ImÂ`m-K-amWv (Cu) Poh-Pm-e-§Ä apgp-h³; Aky {Xn]mZv Znhn AarXw Ahsâ ap¡mÂ`mKw kzÀK¯nse Aar-X-am-Ip-¶p. 4. {Xn]m-ZqÀ[z DssZXv ]pcpjx ]mtZm-tky-lm-`-hXv ]p\x XtXm hnjzMv hy{Im-aXv kmi-\m-\-it\ A`n {Xn]mXv ]pcpjx DuÀ[zx DZv sFXv ap¡mÂ`m-K-amb ]pcpj³ taevt]m«p t]mbn. Aky ]mZx Cl ]p\x A`-hXv Ahsâ ImÂ`mKw ChnsS hopw Dm-bn. XXx hnjzMv kmi-\m-\-it\ AXn-\p-tijw Ah³ hnhn-[bn-S-§-fn- Xn¶p-¶Xpw Xn¶m-¯-Xp-am-b-hbpsS A`n hn A{Im-aXv ASp-t¯¡p \S-¶p. 5. XkvamZv hncm-f-Pm-bX hncmtPm A[n- ]q-cpjx k PmtXm AXy-cn-NyX ]ÝmZv `qan-atYm ]pcx AkvamZv hncmUv hncmPx A[n Ah-\nÂ\n¶p hncm«pw hncm-«nÂ\n¶p ]pcpjx APm-bX ]pcp-j\pw P\n-¨p. kx PmXx ]ÝmXv P\n-¨-Xn-\p-ta Ah³ ]n¶nÂ\n¶pw AtYm ]pcx AXn Acn-NyX ]ns¶ ap-¶nÂ\n¶pw `qanbv¡-¸p-d-sa-¯n. 6. bXv ]pcp-tjW lhnjm tZhm bÚ-a-X-\zX hkt´m Akym-ko-ZmPyw {Kojva C²x ic-²hnx bXv ]pcp-tjW lhnjm tZhmx ]pcp-js\ lhn-Êm¡n tZh-·mÀ bÚw AX-\zX bÚw hym]n-¸n-¨-t¸mÄ, hk´x Aky BPyw hk-´-w AXnsâ sh®bpw {Kojvax C[vax icXv lhnx BkoXv {Kojvaw Na-Xbpw ic¯v lhn-Êp-am-bn-. 7. Xw bÚw _Àlnjn {]u£³ ]pcpjw PmX-a-{KXx tX\ tZhm Ab-P´ km[ym Ej-bÝ tb _Àlnjn Xw bÚw AhÀ hnip-²-ZÀ`-¸pÂhn-cn-¸n B bÚ-s¯bpw A{KXx PmXw ]pcpjw {] Hu£³ BZyw P\n¨ ]pcpjs\bpw ]hn{XoI-cn¨p. tX\ tZhmx tb km[ymx Ejbx N Ab-P´ Ah-s\s¡mv tZh-·mÀ km[y-·m-tcmSpw Ejn-am-tcm-Sp -sam¸w bÚw sNbvXp. 8. XkvamZv bÚm³ kÀh-lqXx kw`rXw ]rj-ZmPyw ]iqw-kvXmw-Ýt{I hmbhym \mc-Wym³ {KmaymwÝ tb kÀh-lqXx XkvamZv bÚmXv ]qÀW-ambn tlman-¡-s¸-« B bÚ-¯nÂ\n¶v ]rj-ZmPyw kw`rXw ssXcv IeÀ¶ s\¿v In«n. hmb-hym³ Bc-Wym³ AXv (b-Úw) hmbp-hnepw Im«nepw tb N {Kmaymx Xm³ ]iq³ Nt{I \m«n-ep-apÅ arK-§sf krjvSn-¨p. 9. XkvamZv bÚmXv kÀh-lqX ENx kmam\n PÚntc Oµmwkn PÚntc XkvamZv bPp-kvX-kvam-Z-Pm-bX kÀh-lqXx XkvamZv bÚmXv ]qÀW-ambn tlman-¡-s¸-« B bÚ-¯nÂ\n¶v ENx kmam\n PÚntc E¡p-Ifpw kma-§fpw P\n-¨p. XkvamXv Oµmwkn PÚntc AXnÂ\n¶p Oµ-Êp-IÄ P\n-¨p. XkvamZv bPpx APm-bX AXnÂ\n¶p bPpÊv P\n-¨p. 10. Xkvam-Zizm APm-b´ tb tI tNm-`-bm-ZXx Kmthm l PÚntc XkvamXv Xkvam-ÖmXm APm-hbx XkvamZv Aizmx APm-b´ AXnÂ\n¶v IpXn-c-IÄ P\n-¨p. tb tI N D`-bmZv AXx ]Ãp-Ifpw XmSn-I-fp-apÅ arK-§fpw. XkvamZv l Kmhx PÚn-tc AXnÂ\n¶p ]ip-¡Ä P\n-¨p. XkvamZv APm-hbx PmXmx AXnÂ\n¶p tImem-Sp-Ifpw N½cn-bm-Sp-Ifpw P\n-¨p. 11. bXv ]pcpjw hyZ[px IXn[m hyI-ev]-b³ apJw Inakym Iu _mlq Im Ducq ]mZm-hp-tNytX bXv ]pcpjw hyZ[px AhÀ ]pcp-js\ ]¦p-sh-¨-t¸mÄ, IXn[m hyI-ev]-b³ F{X `mK-§-fn-em-bmWv kwhn-[m\w sNbvXXv? Aky apJw Inw _mlq Iu Ahsâ apJ-ta-Xv? ssII-tfh? Im Ducq ]mZu DtNytX GXmWv XpS-Ifpw Imep-Ifpsa¶p ]d-bs¸-Sp-¶h? 12. {_mÒ-tWmky apJ-am-koZv _mlq cmP\yx IrXx Ducq XZky bZv sshiyx ]Zv`ymw iqt{Zm APm-bX {_mÒWx Aky apJw BkoXv {_mÒ-W³ Ahsâ apJw Bbn-cp¶p; cmP\yx _mlq IrXx `c-W-IÀ¯m-¡Ä (£-{Xn-bÀ) cp ssII-fm-¡-s¸«p; XZv Aky bZv Ducq sshiyx Ah-sâ -Xp-S-IfmWv sshiy³. ]Zv`ymw iq{Zx APm-bX cp Imep-I-fnÂ\n¶p iq{Z³ ]nd-¶p. 13. N{µam a\tkm PmXþ Ýt£mx kqtcym APm-bX apJm-Zn-{µ-Ým-ánÝ {]mWmZv hmbp-c-Pm-bX a\kx N{µamx PmXx Ahsâ a\-ÊnÂ\n¶p N{µ-\p-mbn; Nt£mx kqcyx APm-bX I®nÂ\n¶p kqcy³ P\n¨p; apJmZv C{µx N Aánx N apJ-¯nÂ\n¶v C{µ\pw Aánbpw {]mWmXv hmbpx APm-bX {]mW-\nÂ\n¶p hmbphpw P\n-¨p. 14. \m`ym Bko-Z-´-cn£w ioÀjvtWm Zyux ka-hÀ¯X ]Zv`ymw `qanÀZnix t{im{XmXv XYm temIm-\-I-ev]-bXv \m`ymx A´-cn£w BkoXv s]m¡n-fnÂ\n¶v A´-co-£ap-mbn; ioÀjvWx Zyux ka-hÀ¯X Xe-bnÂ\n¶v kzÀKw hnIkn¨p; ]Zv`ymw `qanx t{im{XmZv Znix cp Imep-I-fnÂ\n¶p `qansbbpw ImXnÂ\n¶p Zn¡p-Isfbpw XYm temIm³ AI-ev]-bXv A{]-Imcw temI-§-sfbpw kwhn-[m\w sNbvXp. 15. k]vXm-kym-k³ ]cn-[bx {Xnx k]vX kan[x IrXmx tZhm bZv bÚw X\zm\m A_-[v\³ ]pcpjw ]ipw Aky k]vX ]cn-[bx Bk³ Ah\v Ggp ]cn-[n-I-fp-m-bn-cp-¶p. {Xnx k]vX kan[x IrXmx Ccp-]-s¯m¶p Na-X-IÄ Dm¡-s¸-«p. bZv tZhmx bÚw X\zm\mx tZh-·mÀ bÚw hym]n-¸n-¨psImv ]pcpjw ]ipw A_-[v\³ ]pcp-js\ bÚ-]-ip-hmbn _Ôn-¨p. 16. btÚ\ bÚab-P´ tZhmþ kvXm\n [ÀamWn {]Y-am-\ym-k³ tX l \mIw aln-am\x kN´ b{X ]qÀth km[ymx k´n tZhmx tZhmx btÚ\ bÚw Ab-P´ tZh-·mÀ bÚw-sImv kzbw bÚw A\p-jvTn-¨p. Xm\n {]Y-am\n [ÀamWn Bk³ Ch-bmWv BZys¯ ASn ¯-d-I-fm-b-Xv. b{X ]qÀth km[ymx tZhmx k´n {]mNo-\-·mcmb km[y-·mcpw tZh-·mcpap-Ån-S¯v tX aln-am\x \mIw kN´ l Ch aln-a-bn kzÀK-Zzm-c-¯n-te¡v AI-¼Sn tkhn-¨p. ]¯mw aWvU-ew, sXm®qä©mw -kqàw (sFf ]pcq-c-hÊpw DÀh-inbpw X½n-epÅ kw`m-jWw) DÀhin Ejn (E-jn-I)-; 18 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {Xn-jvSp¸v; ]pcq-c-hÊpw DÀh-inbpw tZhX hfsc {]i-kvXhpw Gsd NÀ¨ sN¿-s¸-«-Xp-amb Cu kqà ¯n A]vk-c-Êmb DÀh-inbpw Dt]-£n- ¡-s¸« Ah-fpsS a\p-jy-`À¯m-hmb ]pcq-c-hÊpw X½n-epÅ kw`m-j-W-amWv {]Xn-]m-Zyw. Ah³ (A-]vk-c- Êp-I-fmb Iq«p-Im-cn-I-tfm-sSm¸w bm{X sN¿p-t¼mÄ) AhfpsS ASp-¯p-sN¶p kw`m-jWw XpS-§p-Ibpw X§-fpsS hnhm-l-¯n h¶p-t]mb sXsä-´m-sW¶p NÀ¨ sN¿m-\m-h-iy-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p (1). Ah³ Ah-fpsS kuµ-cy-s¯-bpw (3) \à `mcysb¶ \ne-bv¡pÅ Ah-fpsS coXn-Isfbpw ]än kvacn-¡p¶p (4). AhÄ A£-a-bmbn Ahs\ Dt]-£n-¡p-t¼mgpw (2) `mcy-sb¶ \ne-bn Xsâ tkh\-§-sf¡pdn¨v AhÄ ]d-bp¶p (5). XpSÀ¶pÅ ]Zy-§Ä (6-þ11) DÀhin Xsâbpw ]pcq-c-h-Ên-sâbpw ]p{X-\mb Bbp-hn-s\ -{]-k-hn- ¨-t¸mÄ Xs¶ ]cn-N-cn-¨n-cp¶ A]vk-cx-k-aq-l-s¯¸-än-bmWv apJy-ambpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]pcq-c-hÊv Cu kJn-ItfmSv Akq-bbpw Aev]w B`n-ap-Jyhpw ImWn-¡p-¶p. ]pcq-c-h-Ên kvt\l-t¯-¡mÄ IqSp-X ssk\n- Ihpw aäp-amb Imcy-§-fn-emWv {i² th-sX¶v DÀhin B\p-jw-Kn-I-ambn Ah-tcmSp kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p (7, 11). DÀhin ]pcq-c-h-Êns\ hopw Dt]-£n-¡m³ {ian-¡p¶p (11). AhÄ¡p Xsâ aIs\ ]ncnªp Xma-kn- ¡m³ F§s\ Ign-bp-sa-¶mWv AhÄ Xs¶ hn«p-t]m-Ip-¶-XnÅ hnjaw kln-¡m-\m-hm¯ ]pcq-c-hÊv tNmZn- ¡p-¶-Xv- (12). ""AXns\'' Ahsâ AÑ-s\- Gev]n-¡p-sa-¶m-W-h-fpsS Xnc-¡p- \-Sn-¨p-sIm-pÅ adp-]-Sn. Ahsf ]ncn-ªm Xm³ A{]-Xy-£-\m-hp-Itbm acn-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-sa¶p ]pcq-c-hÊv (14). DÀhin AXp hn«v aäp ]eXpw ]d-bp¶p (15-þ16). Ah³ Ipd-¨p-IqSn kabw tNmZn-¡p¶p (17). \nKq-V-amb Hcp kam-]-\-]-Zy-t¯msS kqàw Ah-km-\n-¡p¶p (18). ]pcq-c-h-Ên-t\m-SpÅ tZh-·m-cpsS kwt_m-[-\-bm-W-XnÂ. 1. ltb Pmtb a\km XnjvT -tLmtc hNmwkn an{im IrW-hm-hssl \p \ \u a{´m A\p-Zn-Xmk GtX ab-kvI-c³ ]c-Xtc N\m-l³ tLmtc ltb Pmtb a\km XnjvT (]p-cq-c-hÊv:) ""t¢ita! `mtcy! `ocp-hmb \mco! Nn´m-]qÀhw \n¶mepw! \p \u hNmwkn an{im IrW-hm-hssl Ct¸mÄ \ap-¡n-cphÀ¡pw hmKzn-\nabw sN¿mw. GtX a{´mx A\p-Zn-Xmkx Cu Nn´-IÄ ]d-bm-Xn-cp-¶m ]c-Xtc N\ Al³ abx \ Ic³ \ap¡v- ]n-s¶-sbmcp \mfnepw BËmZapmhn-Ã.'' 2. IntaXm hmNm IrWhm Xhmlw {]m{Ian-j-ap-j-km-a-{Kn-tbh ]pcq-chx ]p\-ckvXw ]tcln Zpcm-]\m hmX Chm-l-akvan Xh GXm hmNm Inw IrWh? (DÀhin:) ""\nsâ Cu hm¡p-sImv \mw F´mWv sN¿pI? A{Knbm Djkmw Ch Alw {] A{I-anjw BZys¯ Dj-Êp-IÄt]m-se, Rm³ ap³t]m«p IS-¶n-cn -¡p-¶p. ]pcq-chx ]p\x AkvXw ]cm Cln ]pcq-c-htÊ! hopw ho«n-te¡p Xncn¨pt]mbmepw! Alw hmXx Ch Zpcm-]\m Akvan Rm³ Imän-s\-t¸mse t\Sm\mhm-¯-hn[w ITn-\b-t{X.'' 3. CjpÀ\ {inb -C-jp-t[-c-k\m tKmjmx iXkm \ cwlnx Ahotc {IXu hn Zhn-Zyp-Xt¶mþ cm \ ambpw NnX-b´ [p\bx {inbx Cjpt[x Cjpx \ (]p-cq-c-hÊv:) ""... kuµ-cy-¯nsâ Bh-\m-gn-bnÂ\n¶pÅ -i-cw -t]mse, tKmkmx Ak\m \ iXkmx cwlnx ]ip-¡sf t\Sp¶ shSn-bp--t]m-se, \qdp-IÄ t\Sp¶ IpXn-c-sb -t¸m-se, Ahotc {IXu \ hn Zhn-Zyp-XXv Hcp hocsâbpw CÑbv¡p Io-gneÃm-sX AhÄ (C-Sn-an-¶Â)-t]mse an¶n-a-d-bp¶n-Ã. Dcm [p\bx \ ambpw NnX-b´ BSnsâ i_vZw-t]mse Ah-fpsS If-chw Adnbp-¶nÃ.'' 4. km hkp Z[Xo izipcmb hb Dtjm bZn hjvSy´nKrlmXv AkvXw \\t£ bkvan³ NmI³ Znhm- \àw iv\YnXm sshX-tk\ km Djx izip-cmb bZn hjvSn (]p-cq-c-hÊv:) ""AhÄ Hmtcm Dj-Ênepw Xsâ `À¯r-]n-Xm-hn\v, tht¸mÄ A´n-Kr-lmXv hkp hbx Z[Xo FXn-sc-bpÅ ho«nÂ\n¶p \à DuÀPw \ÂIn-s¡mv NmI³ AkvXw \\t£ AhÄ k´p-jvS-amb (`À¯r)-Krlw t\Sp-¶p. bkvan³ Znhm \àw AhnsS AhÄ ]Iepw cmhpw sshX-tk\ iv\YnXm Fsâ ]oU-bm Xpf-bv¡-s¸-Sp¶p.''- 5. {Xnx kva amÓx iv\Ytbm sshX-tk-t\mþ X kva tahyssXy ]rWmkn ]pcq-c-thm\p tX tIX-ambw cmPm ta hoc X\z-kvX-Zmkox AÓx {Xnx sshX-tk\ am iv\Ybx kva (DÀhin:) ""]I aq¶p {]mhiyw \o Fs¶ ]oUn¸n¨n-cp-¶p. DX AhyssXy tX ]rWmkn kva am{X-a-Ã, Rm³ CÑn¡msX-Xs¶ \o \ndbv¡p¶p (\nsâ enwKw Fgp-¶p-\n-¡p¶p). ]pcq-chx tX tIXw A\p Bbw ]pcq-c-htÊ! Rm³ \nsâ CÑsb ]n´p-SÀ¶p. XZv hoc ta X\zx cmPm Bkox At¸mÄ "hoc'\mb \o Fsâ DS-ensâ cmPm-hm-bn-cp-¶p.'' 6. bm kpPqÀWnx- t{iWnx kpav\ B]nÀþ {ltZ N£pÀ\ {KÙn\o NcWypx Xm ARvPtbmcpWtbm \ k{kpx {intb Kmthm \ t[\-thm-\-h´ bm kpPqÀWnx t{iWnx kpavt\ B]nx (]p-cq-c-hÊv:) ""I®©n-¸n-¡p-amdp Xnf-§p¶ (A]vk-c-Êp-I -fpsS) \nc, \à B\p-Iq-ey-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb kplr-¯p-¡Ä, {ltZ N£px \ {KÙn\o NcWypx Xmx s]mbvI-bpsS I®p (Xm-a-c) -t]mse, anS-ªp-sI-«n-bXpw (FÃm -bvt¸mgpw) \o§p¶Xpamb ChÀ Acp-Wbx ARvPbx \ k{kpx knµq-cm-RvP-\-§Ät]mse HgpIp¶p. t[\hx Kmhx \ {intb A\-h´ Id-h-¸-ip-¡-sf-t¸mse AhÀ tim`mÀYw sIm©n-¸-d-bp¶p.'' 7. ka-kvan³ Pmb-am\ BkX ám D-tX-a-hÀ[³ \Zyx -kz-KqÀ¯mx atl bXv Xzm ]pcq-cthm cWm-bmþ hÀ[-b³ Zkyp-l-Xymb tZhmx Akvan³ Pmb-amt\ kw BkX ámx (DÀhin:) ""Ch³ (DÀh-in-bp-sSbpw ]pcq-c-h-Ên-sâbpw ]p{X³) ]nd-¶p-sIm-n-cp-¶t¸mÄ, ]cn-N-cn-¨n-cp¶ kv{XoIfpw DX Cuw kzKqÀ¯mx \Zyx AhÀ[³ Kpfp-Kp-fp-i-_vt¯msS Hgp-Ip¶ \Zn-Ifpw Chs\ hfÀ¯n. bZv Zkyp-l-Xymb atl cWmb At¸mÄ Zkyp-¡sf \in¸n-¡m\pÅ almbp²-¯n-\v tZhmx ]pcq-chx Xzm AhÀ[-b³ tZh-·mÀ, ]pcq-c-htÊ! \ns¶ ià-\m-¡n.'' 8. kNm bZmkp Pl-Xo-jz-ev¡þ aam-\p-jojp am\ptjm \ntjth A] kva aXv Xc-k´o \ `pPypþ kvXm A{Xk³ cY-kv]rtim \mizmx bZv am\pjx Bkp Aam-\p-jojp (]p-cq-c-hÊv:) ""a\p-jy-\mb Rm³ Cu Aam-\p-jn-I-fpsS kNm \ntjth Aev¡w Pl-Xojp kva Acn-In-te¡p hen-ª-t¸mgpw AhÀ X§-fp-sS- I-©p-I§fqcn -b-t¸mgpw, Xm `pPypx \ Xc-k´o AhÀ eÖm-h-Xn-bmb t]S-am-\ns\-t¸mse \mWw ]qpw cY-kv]rtim Aizmx \ tXcn-s\- Dc-kp¶ IpXn-c-I-sf-t¸mse aZv A] A{X-k³ `b-s¸-Sm-sXbpw F¶nÂ\n¶v AI¶pamdp¶p.'' 9. bZmkp aÀt¯m Aar-Xmkp \nkv]rIv kw t£mWo`nx {IXp-`nÀ\ ]rwtà Xm BXtbm \ X\zx ipw`X kzm Aizmtkm \ {Ioftbm Zµ-im\mx bZv Bkp Aar-Xmkp aÀ¯x \nkv]rIv (DÀhin:) ""AaÀ¯y-kv{XoIsf aÀ¯y³ Xtem-Sm³ `mhn - ¡th, {IXp`nx \ t£mWo`nx kw ]rwtà Ah-sâ- D-t±-iy-§-fm-se-¶-t]m-se, (Ah-cpsS ico-c-§ÄX-½nÂ) \ne-hn-fnIÄ¡n-S-bn k¼À¡-ap-m-hp-t¼mÄ, Xmx BXbx kzmx X\zx \ ipw`X AhÀ s]m·-I-sf-t¸mse X§fpsS ico-c-§Ä hr¯n-bm-¡p-Ibpw Aizmkx \ {Iofbx Zµ-im\mx IpXn-c-I-sf-t¸mse {IoUn¡p-Ibpw \nc-´cw Cdp-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p.'' 10. hnZyp¶ bm ]-X´o Zhn-tZymZv `c´o ta A]ym Imaym\n P\njvtSm At]m \cyx kpPmXx t{]mÀhio XncX ZoÀL-ambpx bm ]X´o hnZypXv \ Zhn-tZymXv (]p-cq-c-hÊv:) ""]d-¡pt¼mÄ an¶Ât]mse an¶n-a-dbp¶ A]ym ta Imaym\n `c´o Pe-(I-\yI) Fs¶ {]W-bm\-µ-§-fn-te¡p- hcp-¯ns¡mv A]x kpPmXx \cyx P\njvtSm shÅ-¯n kpPm-X-\mb am\p-j-]p-{X³ ]nd-¡p¶p. DÀhio Bbpx ZoÀLw {] XncX DÀhin Bbp-hnsâ BbpÊv ZoÀLn-¸n-¡p-¶p.'' 11. PÚnj C°m tKm]o-Yymb ln Z[mY XXv ]pcq-cthm a HmPx Aimkw Xzm hnZpjo kkvan-¶-l³ \ a BirtW Ina-`qZv hZmkn tKm]o-Yymb C°m ln PÚntj (DÀhin:) ""\o kwc-£W-¯n-\p-thn C§-s\-bmWtÃm ]nd-¶-Xv. ]pcq-chx XZv HmPx ta Z[mY (]-t£, ]I-cw), ]pcq-c-htÊ! Cu tXP-Êns\ Fs-¶ G-ev]n-¨p. hnZpjo kkvan³ Al³ Xzm Aimkw CX-dn-bp¶ Rm³ FÃm ]I-ep-I-fnepw D]-tZ-in-¨p-sh-¦nepw ta \ B AirtWmx \o Fs¶ {i²n-¨n-Ã. Inw A`qZv hZmkn F´n\v \o IcmÀ ]en-¡msX C§s\ kwkmcn¡p¶p?'' 12. IZm kq\px ]nXcw PmX CÑmXv N{I³ \m{ip hÀ¯-bZv hnPm-\³ tIm Z¼Xo ka-\km hn bqtbmþ Z[ bZánx izip-tcjp ZoZ-bXv IZm PmXx kq\px ]nXcw CÑmXv (]p-cq-c-hÊv:) ""Ft¸mgmWv F\n¡p ]nd¶ ]p{X³ Xsâ AÑs\ tXSpI? hn Pm\³ N{I³ \ A{ip hÀ¯-bXv Ft¸m-gmWv Ah³, (Ah-s\ þ Xsâ AÑ-s\) Xncn-¨-dn-bp-t¼mÄ Ic-ªpsImp I®oÀ s]mgn¡pI? Ix ka-\km Z¼Xo izip-tcjp BcmWv a\-Ên H¶n-¨p-tNÀ¶ hnhm-ln-X-Z-¼-Xn-Isf izip-c-cpsS (ho«nÂ) bZv Aánx ZoZ-bXv A[ hn bqtbmXv Aán Xnf-§p-¶nSt¯mfw Imew thsd \nÀ¯pI?'' 13. {]Xn {_hmWn hÀ¯-btX A{ip N{I³ \ {IµZmt[y inhmssb {] XXv tX ln\hm bXv tX Akvta ]tc-lykvXw \ ln aqc am]x A{ip hÀ¯-btX {]Xn {_hmWn (DÀhin:) ""Ah³ Xsâ I®oÀ Dcp-«p-t¼mÄ, Rm³ Ah-t\mSv D¯cw ]d-bpw. N{I³ \ inhmssb Bt[y {IµXv N{Iw-t]m-se, Ah³ kZ-bamb -{i-²-bv¡p-thn Dds¡ ]d-bpw. Akvta XXv {] ln\h Rm³ \½psS AXns\ (Ip-ªns\) \nsâ ASp-t¯-¡-b-bv¡pw. bXv tX tX AkvXw ]cm Cln \ntâXv \nsâ (ASp-¯mhs«!) ho«n-te¡p Xncn¨pt]mbmepw! ln aqc am \ B]x Imc-Ww, hnUvVn-bmb \n\¡v Fs¶ In«p-I-bnÃ!'' 14. kptZthm AZy {]]-tX-Z-\m-hrXv ]cm-hXw ]camw K´hm D A[m iboX \ncr-tX-cp-]tØþ ss[\w hrIm c`-kmtkm AZypx kptZhx A\m-hrZv AZy ]camw (]p-cq-c-hÊv:) ""tZh-·m-cpsS Hma\, Hcn-¡epw Xncn-¨p-h-cm-Xn-cn-¡m³, C¶v Gähpw AI-e-¯n-te-¡pÅ ]cm-hXw D K´ssh {]]-tXXv AI-e-¯n-te¡v t]mIm³ ]d-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n ... A[ \ncrtXx D]tØ iboX At¸mÄ Ch³ {]f-b¯nsâ aSn-bn acn-¡s«! A[ G\w c`-kmkx hrImx AZypx ]n¶oSv Chs\ NmSn-¸n-Sn-¡p¶ sN¶m-bv¡Ä Xn¶s«!'' 15. ]pcq-c-thm -am -arYm am {] ]]vtXm am Xzm hrImtkm Ain-hmk D £³ \ ssh kvss{XWm\n kJym\n k´n kmem-hr-ImWmw lrZ-bm-t\yXm ]pcq-chx am arYmx am {] ]]vXx (DÀhin:) ""]pcq-c-htÊ! acn-¡-tbm AI-te¡p ]d-¡-tbm sN¿cp-Xv. Ain-hmkx hrImkx Xzm am D £³ \nÀZ-b-cmb sN¶mbv¡Ä \ns¶ Xn¶m-Xncn-¡s«! kvss{XWm\n kJym\n \ ssh k´n kv{XoI-fp-am-bpÅ Iq«p-sI-«p-IÄ \ne-\n¡p-I-bn-Ã. GXm kmem-hr-ImWmw lrZ-bm\n AhÀ¡p Igp-X-¸p-en-I-fpsS lrZ-b-§-fmWv!'' 16. bZzn-cq-]m-Ncw aÀt¯yþ jzhkw cm{Xox ic-Z-Ý-X{kx LrXky kvtXmIw kIr-ZÓ Biv\mZv XmtZ-thZw XmXr-]mWm Ncman bZv hncq]m aÀt¯yjp ANcw (DÀhin:) ""thsdmcp cq]¯n aÀ¯yÀ¡n-S-bn Ae-ªp-\-S-¡p-Ibpw NX{kx icZx cm{Xox Ahkw cm{Xn-I-fn (\nt¶m-sSm¸w) \mep sImÃw hkn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-t¸mÄ, kIrZv AÓx LrXky kvtXmIw Biv\mw Rm³ Hcp Znhkw s\bv¯pÅn Aev]w Ign-¨p. XmZv Gh CZw XXr-]mWm Ncman AXp-ap-X Rm³ C§s\ Ae-ªp-\-S-¡p-I-bm-Wv. GXXv bYm Cuw sFf sFf³ (]p-cq-chÊv): ""CXv C§s\- Cu coXn-bn (Xncn-ª-Xp-sIm-v), Xzm arXyp-_Ôpx `hkn \n\¡v arXyp-hnsâ _Ôp-Xzap-v. tX {]Pm tZhm³ lhnjm bPmXn \nsâ {]P tZh-·mÀ¡p lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn bÚw sN¿pw. Xzw D kzÀtK A]n amZ-bmtk \o kzÀK-¯nepw B\µw sImÅpw.'' - ]¯mw aWvU-ew, sXm®qtägmw -kqàw BYÀhW `njKv Ejn-; 23 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w A\p-jvSp¸v); Hmj-[n-IÄ tZhX AYÀh-th-Z-kz-`m-h-apÅ Cu kqàw ia-\u-j-[n-Isf kwt_m-[\ sN¿p-¶p. Ah-bpsS hwim-h-en¡pw iàn-IÄ¡pw-thn kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ah-tbmSp a\p-jy-cpsS tcmK-§Ä amäm³ A`yÀYn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p- ¶p. D¯-a-]p-cp-j-\n-epÅ hàmhv Ihn am{X-a-Ã, sshZy-\p-am-sW¶v Duln-¡mw. Ah³ Hmj-[n-Isf kµÀin¨v Xsâ --a-{´-hm-Mvab§Ä¡v Ah-bpsS iàn \ÂI-sW¶pw At]-£n-¡p¶p (14). 1. bm Hmj[ox ]qÀhm PmXm tZth-`y-kv{Xn-bpKw ]pcm ass\ \p _{`q-Wm-alw iXw [mam\n k]vX N bmx ]qÀhmx PmXmx Hmj[ox tZth`yx {XnbpKw ]pcm ap³]v P\n¨ kky-§Ä tZh-·mÀ¡p aq¶p Xe -apd ap³]v. Alw _{`qWmw iXw k]vX N [mam\n \p ass\ Rm³ B Xhn-«p(-k-ky§-fp-sS) \qtä-gp- cq]-§Ä Ct¸mÄ a\-Ên ImWp¶p. 2. iXw thm Aw_ [mam\n kl-{k-apX thm cplx A[m iX-{ItXzm bqbþ anaw ta AKZw IrX Aw_ hx [mam\n iXw At½! \nsâ FÃm cq]-§fpw IqSn \qdv; DX hx cplx kl{kw IqSm-sX, \nsâ Xfn-cp-IÄ Bbn-cw. A[ iX-{IXzx bqbw At¸mÄ s]mXpth \qdpÅ \n§Ä ta Caw AKZw IrX F\n-¡p-thn Ch-s\ tcmK-ap-à\m-¡n-bmepw! 3. Hmj[ox {]Xn tamZ[zw ]pjv]-hXox {]kq-hcox Aizm Ch kPn-Xz-coÀþ hocp[x ]mc-bnjvWzx Hmj[ox {]kq-hcox ]pjv]-hXox {]Xn tamZ[zw kky§tf! \n§Ä hnI-kn-¡p-Ibpw ]pjv]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶Xp-sImv B\-µn-¨mepw! kPn-Xzcox Aizmx Ch hnP-b-io-e-cmb s]¬Ip-Xn-c-I-sf-t¸m-se, hocp[x ]mc-bnjvWzx Xfn-cp-IÄ s]m«n-ap-f-¡p-¶p. 4. Hmj-[o-cnXn amX-cþ kvXZv thm tZho-cp] {_pth kt\baizw Kmw hmk Bßm\w Xh ]qcpj Hmj[ox tZhox amXcx ""kky-§sf''¶p hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ tZhn-amtc! A½-amtc! hx XZv CXn D] {_pth Rm³ Cu coXn-bn \n§-tfm-S`yÀYn-¡p¶p: Aizw Kmw hmkx ]pcpj ""IpXn-c-sbbpw ]ip-hns\bpw hkv{X-s¯bpw (t\Sp-¶-XnÂ), a\pjym! Xh Bßm\w kt\bw \n\¡v Fs¶¯s¶ Xcmw!'' 5. Aizt° thm \nj-Z\w ]ÀtW thm hk-Xn-jvIrXm tKm`mP CXv Inem-kY bXv k\-h-Y- ]q-cpjw hx \n kZ\w Aizt° \n§fpsS Ccn-¸nSw Ac-bm-enÂ; hx hkXnx ]ÀtW IrXm \n§-fpsS hmkw ¹min-em-Wv.- bXv ]pcpjw k\-hY \n§Ä a\p-jys\ c£n-¡p-(-t`-Zs¸-Sp-¯p-)-t¼mÄ, tKm`mPx CXv Ine AkY \n§Ä¡p XoÀ¨-bmbpw ]ip¡-fn ]¦pmhp¶p. 6. b{Xu-j[ox ka-ÜX cmPm\x kan-Xm-hnh hn{]x k DNytX `njKv ct£m-lm-ao-h-Nm-X\x hx hkXnx ]ÀtW IrXm \n§-fpsS hmkw ¹min-em-Wv.- bXv ]pcpjw k\-hY \n§Ä a\p-jys\ c£n-¡p-(-t`-Zs¸-Sp-¯p-)-t¼mÄ, tKm`mPx CXv Ine AkY \n§Ä¡p XoÀ¨-bmbpw ]ip¡-fn ]¦pmhp¶p. 6. b{Xu-j[ox ka-ÜX cmPm\x kan-Xm-hnh hn{]x k DNytX `njKv ct£m-lm-ao-h-Nm-X\x b{X cmPm\x kanXu Ch cmPm-¡-·mÀ k`-bn-se-¶ t]m-se, Huj[ox ka-ÜX kky-§Ä Hcp-a-n-¨p-Iq-Spt¼mÄ, kx hn{]x ct£mlm Cu {]tNm-Zn-X-Ihn c£-Êp-I-sfbpw Aao-h-Nm-X\x `njKv DNytX tcmK-§-sfbpw XpS-¨p-\o¡p¶ sshZy-s\¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. 7. Aizm-h-Xow- tkm-am-h-Xoþ aqÀP-b-´o-ap-tZm-Pkw BhÕn kÀhm Hmj-[oþ ckvam Acn-jvS-Xm-Xtb Aiz-hXow tkma-hXow Aiz-h-Xn (A-iz-ap-Å-hÄ), tkmah-Xn (tkm-a-ap-Å-hÄ), DuÀP-b-´ow -D-tZm-Pkw DuÀP-b-´n (DuÀP-ap-m-¡p¶-hÄ), DtZm-PÊv (Hm-P-Êp-bÀ¯p-¶-hÄ) kÀhmx Hmj[ox B AhÕn þ Cu kky-§-sf-Ãmw- Rm³ ChnsS t\Sp¶Xv Akvssa Acn-jvS-Xm-Xtb Ch³ D]-{Z-hn-¡-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn¡m-\mWv. 8. DÑpjvam Hmj-[o\mw Kmthm tKmjvTmZnth-ctX [\w k\n-jy-´o-\mþ amßm\w Xh ]qcpj Hmj-[o\mw ipjvamx kky-§-fp-sS -A-\n-b-{´n-X-iànIÄ, ]pcpj Xh [\w a\pjym! \nsâ ]´-bs¯bpw Bßm\w k\n-jy-´o\mw - \ns¶-¯-s¶bpw t\-Sm-\n-Ñnt¡, tKmjvTmXv Kmhx Ch DZo-ctX sXmgp-¯nÂ\n¶p ]ip-¡sf-¶-t]mse, Ah DbÀ¶p-h-cp-¶p. 9. CjvIr-XnÀ\ma thm amXmþ tYm bqbw Ø \njvIrXox kocmx ]X-{XnWo Ø\ bZm-a-bXn \njvIrY hx amXm CjvIrXnx \ma \n§-fpsS A½ t]cp-sImp ""hos-Sp-¸p-Im-cn''-bm-Wv. AtYm bqbw \njvIrXnx Ø AXp-sImv \n§Ä ""]pd¯m-¡p-¶-hÀ'' BIp-¶p. ]X-{XnWox kocmx Ø\ \n§Ä ""Nnd-Ip-I''-fpÅ (XpIÄ) ""XpI''fmIp-¶p (C-e-IÄ). bZv Ba-bXn \nx IrY \o tcmK-ap-m-¡p-¶-Xns\ ]pd¯m-¡p-¶p. 10. AXn hnizmx ]cnjvTmx kvtX\ Ch -{h-P-a-{Iapx Hmj[ox {]mNp-Nyp-hpÀþ bXv Inw N Xt\zm c]x kvtX\x hnizmx ]cnjvTmx Ch Ah, Ių {]Xn-tcm-[-\n-c-sbsb-¶-t]m-se, {hPw- AXn A{Iapx then-I-fn-t·Â AXn-{I-an-¨pI-b-dn. Hmj[ox bXv Inw N X\zx c]x {] ANp-Nyphpx kky-§Ä tZl-¯n\p tcmKap-m-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-sbÃmw B«n-tbm-Sn-¡p¶p. 11. bZn am hmP-b-¶-lþ tamj-[oÀlkvX BZt[ Bßm b£vaky \iyXn ]pcm -Po-h-Krt`m bYm- bXv Alw Camx Hmj[ox Rm³ Cu kky-§sf lkvtX BZt[ hmP-b³ I¿n-se-Sp-¡p-t¼mÄ Ah-sb -ho-cy-h-¯m-¡ns¡mv Poh-Kr`x bYm ]pcm Poh-t\msS ]nSn-¡p-¶-Xn\p ap³s]¶-t]m-se, b£vaky Bßm \iyXn tcmK-¯nsâ Bßm-hv \in--¡p-¶p. 12. bkyu-j[ox {]kÀ¸-Ymwþ KawKw ]cp-jv]cpx XtXm b£vaw hn _m[[z Dt{Km a[y-a-io-cnh Hmj[ox bky AwKw AwKw kky-§tf! Hmtcm Ah-bhhpw, ]cp-jv]cpx {]kÀ¸Y XXx - Hmtcm kÔnbpw, CS-dn-\n¡p¶h-\nÂ\n¶p, a[y-aiox D{Kx Ch a[y-¯n InS-¡p¶ ià-s\-sb-¶-t]m-se, b£vaw hn _m[t[z tcmKs¯ Ip¯n-bn-d-¡p¶p. 13. kmIw b£va {] ]X NmtjW InIn-Zo-hn\m kmIw hmXky {[mPym kmIw \iy \nlm-Ibm b£va NmtjW InIn-Zo-hn\m tcmKta! \o IS¡m-¡tbmSpw \oÀ¡m-¡-tbm-Sp-w kmIw {] ]X H¸w ]d-¶p-t]m-bmepw! hmXky {[mPym kmIw \nlm-Ibm kmIw -\iy Imän-sâ th-K-t¯mSpw DSp-¼n-t\m-Sp-sam¸w \in¨mepw! 14. A\ym thm A\ym-a-hþ Xz\ym-\ykym D]m-hX Xmx kÀhmx kwhn-Zm\m CZw ta {]mhXm hNx hx A\ym A\ymw AhXp \n§-fn-sem-cmÄ atä-hs\ klmbn-¡s«! A\ym- A-\ykymx D] AhX At\ym\yw klmbw \ÂInbmepw! Xmx kÀhmx kwhn-Zm\mx \n§-sfÃmw Hcp-an-¨p-sImv ta CZw hNx {] AhX Fsâ Cu hm¡ns\ klm-bn¨mepw! 15. bmx ^en-\oÀbm A^em A]pjv]m bmÝ ]pjv]nWox _rl-kv]Xn{]kqXmþ kvXm t\m ap©-´zw-lkx bmx ^en\ox bmx A^emx Imbp-Å-hbpw CÃm-¯-hbpw A]pjv]mx bmx N ]pjv]nWox Xmx ]qhn-Ãm-¯-hbpw ]qhpÅhbpamb Ah _rl-kv]-Xn-{]-kqXmx _rl-kv]-Xn-bm t{]cn-Xcmbn \x Awlkx ap©´p R§sf hnj-a-§fnÂ-\n¶p tamNn-¸n-¡s«! 16. ap©´p am i]Yymþ ZtYm hcp-Wym-ZpX AtYm baky ]Uv_o-imXv kÀh-kvamZv tZh-In-ev_n-jmXv am i]-YymXv AtYm hcp-WymXv Ah Fs¶ im](-_-Ô-\)¯nÂ\n¶pw XpSÀ¶p hcp-W(-_-Ô-\) -¯nÂ\n¶pw DX AtYm baky ]Uv_o-imXv ]n¶oSv basâ _Ô-\¯nÂ\n¶pw kÀh-kvamXv tZh-In-ev_n-jmXv ap©´p tZh-·mÀs¡-Xnsc--bpÅ FÃm Ipä-§-fnÂ\n¶pw tamNn-¸n-¡s«! 17. Ah-]-X-´o-c-h-Z³ Znh Hmj-[-b-kv]cn bw Poh-a-iv\-hm-assl \ k cnjymXn ]qcpjx Znhx Ah-]-X´ox Hmj-[bx ]cn Ah-Z³ kzÀK-¯nÂ\n¶p ]d-¶p-Xm-gp¶ kky-§Ä ]dªp: bw Pohw Aiv\-hm-hssl ""Pohn-¨n-cns¡ R§Ä ASp-s¯-¯p¶ kx ]pcpjx \ cnjymXn a\p-jy³ D]-Zz-a-\p-`-hn-¡p-I-bn-Ã''. 18. bm Hmj[ox tkma-cm-ÚoÀþ _lzox iX-hn-N-£Wmx Xmkmw Xza-kyp-¯amþ cw Imamb iw lrtZ bmx tkma-cmÚox Hmj[ox tkma³ cmPm-hmb kky-§Ä _lzox iX-hn-N-£Wmx ]eXpw \qdp `mh-§-fp-Å-Xp-am-Wv. Xmkmw Imamb Acw lrtZ iw R§fpsS B{K-l-¯n\p Xr]vXn hcp-¯p-¶Xpw lrZ-b-¯n\p kpJ-Ic -hp-amb Xzw D¯am Akn \o D¯-a-am-Ip-¶p. 19. bm Hmj[ox tkma-cm-ÚoÀþ hnjvTnXmx {]rYnho-a\p _rl-kv]-Xn-{]-kqXm Assky kw Z¯ hocyw bmx tkma-cmÚox Hmj[ox tkma³ cmPm-hmb kky-§Ä ]rYn-how- A\p hnjvTnXmx `qan-bn-se§pw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. _rl-kv]-Xn-{]-kqXmx _rl-kv]-Xn-bm t¸cn-¸n-¡-s¸«v Assky hocyw kw Z¯ CXn\p (Hu-j-[-k-ky-¯n-\v) Hcp-an¨v hocyw \ÂIn-bmepw! 20. am thm cnj-Xv J-\nXm bkvssa Nmlw J\man hx Zzn]-¨-Xp-jv]-Z-kvamIw kÀh-a-kvXz-\m-Xpcw bkvssa N Alw hx J\man BÀ¡p-thn Rm³ \n§sf Inf-¡p-¶pthm Aht\m hx J\nXm am cnjXv \n§sf Inf-¡p-¶-ht\m D]-{Z-hta¡cpXv. AkvamIw Zzn]Xv NXp-jv]Xv R§-fpsS Ccp-Im-enbpw \m¡m-enbpw kÀhw A\m-Xpcw AkvXp FÃmw tcmK-an-Ãm-¯-h-bmhs«! 21. bmtÝ-Z-ap-]-ir-Wz´n bmÝ Zqcw ]cm-KXmx kÀhmx kwKXy hocpþ t[mssky kw Z¯ hocyw bmx N CZw D]-ir-Wz´n CXv ASp-¯p-\n¶p tIÄ¡p-¶-hbpw bmx N Zqcw ]cm-KXmx AI-se-\n¶p tIÄ¡p-¶-hbpamb kÀhmx hocp[x kwKXy FÃm Xfn-cp-Ifpw Hcp-an-¨p-\n¶v Assky hocyw kw Z¯ CXn\v (Hu-j-[-k-ky-¯n-\v) hocyw Hcp-an-¨p-\ÂIn-bmepw! 22. Hmj-[bx kw h-Zt´ tkmta\ kl cmÚm bkvssa IrtWmXn {_mÒWþ kvXw cmP³ ]mc-bm-akn Hmj[bx cmÚm tkmta\ kky-§Ä cmPm-hmb tkma\p-ambn kl kw hZt´ Hcp-an¨v tbmPn-¸n hcp¶p: bkvssa {_mÒWx IrtWmXn ""BÀ¡p-thn {_mÒW³ {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p-thm, cmP³ Xw ]mc-bm-akn cmPmth! R§Ä Ahs\ Ic IS-¯p-¶p.'' 23. Xzap-¯-am-tkym-jt[ Xh hr£m D]-kvXbx D]-kvXn-ckvXp tkmkvamIw tbm Akvam-\-`n-Zm-kXn Hmjt[ Xzw D-¯am Akn kkyta! \o D¯-a-bm-Ip-¶p. hr£mx Xh D]-kvXbx ac§Ä \nsâ Iogn-ep-Å-h-b-t{X. bx Akvam³ A`n-Zm-kXn R§sf B{I-an-¡p-¶-h³ kx AkvamIw- D-]kvXnx AkvXp R§Ä¡p Iogn-em-hs«! ]¯mw aWvU-ew, \qtägmw -kqàw Znhy AwKn-ck³ AYhm Z£nWm {]mPm-]Xy Ejn; 11 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v (P-KXn 4 Hgn-sI); Z£nW AYhm Z£nW \ÂIp-¶-hÀ tZhX Z£n-W-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Cu AXncp Ihn-ª- kvXpXn-IÄ Ihn-bpsS Xmev]-cy-§-fm-em-Wv. bP-am-\³ bÚ- ¯n IÀaw \nÀhln¨ hnhn-[-]p-tcm-ln-X-·mÀ¡p Z£nW \ÂIp-¶p. bP-am-\-sâ- ]m-cn-tXm-jn-I-¯nÂ\n- s¶mcp `mKw X\n-¡pw -In-«p-¶p-sh-¶-XmWv IhnbpsS Xmev]-cyw. kqàw Z£nW F¶ {]ta-b-¯nÂ\n¶p amdp-¶-tX-bn-Ã. \ÂI-s¸-Sp-¶ Z£nW, \ÂIp-¶-h\v am\-kn-Ihpw `uXn-I-hp-amb Af-hä t\«-§Ä ssIh-cp- ¯pw. Z£n-W-bpsS aqey-t¯-¡mÄ A[n-I-am-bn-cn¡pw AXv. A§s\ Cu kqàw Z-£nW \ÂIm³ bP-am-\- ·m-À¡p t{]cI-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. 1. Bhn-c-`q-·ln amtLm-\-tajmw hnizw Pohw Xatkm \nc-tamNn aln tPymXnx ]nXr-`nÀZ-¯-am-Kmþ Zpcpx ]Ùm Z£n-Wm-bm- A-ZÀin Gjmw- aln amtLm\w Bhnx A`qXv Ah-cpsS al-¯mb HuZmcyw shfn-s¸«p. hnizw Pohw Xakx \nx AtamNn PohnXw apgp-h³ Ccp-«nÂ\n¶p tam-Nn-¸n-¡-s¸-«p. ]nXr-`nx- Z¯w aln- tPymXnx B AKmXv ]nXr-¡Ä X¶ al-¯mb shfn¨w hcp¶p. Z£n-Wmbmx Dcp ]Ùm AZÀin Z£n-W-bpsS hnim-e-amb hgn ImW-s¸-«p. 2. D¨m Znhn Z£n-Wm-ht´m AØpÀþ tb AizZmx kl tX kqtcyW lnc-WyZm Aar-XXzw `Pt´ hmtkmZmx tkma {] Xnc´ Bbpx Z£n-Wm-h´x D¨m Znhn AØpx Z£nW \ÂIp-¶-hÀ DbÀ¶ kzÀK-¯n \n¡p¶p. AizZmx tb tX kqtcyW kl IpXn-c-Isf Zm\w sN¿p¶-hÀ kqcy-t\m-sSm-cp-an¨p (hcp-¶p). lnc-WyZmx Aar-XXzw `Pt´ kzÀWw Zm\w sN¿p-¶-hÀ -A-ar-XXzw ]¦n-Sp-¶p. tkma hmtkmZmx Bbpx {] Xnct´ tkam! hkv{X-§Ä Zm\w sN¿p-¶-hÀ kz´w BbpÊp \o«p-¶p. 3. ssZho ]qÀ¯nÀZ-£nWm tZh-bPym \ Ihm-cnt`ym \ ln tX ]rW´n AYm \cx {]bXZ£n-Wmtkmþ hZy-`nbm _lhx ]rW´n tZh-bPym ]qÀ¯nx ssZho Z£nWm tZh-·mÀ¡pÅ bÚ-l-hn-Êp \ÂI-emWvv Znhy-amb Z£n-W. \ Ihm-cn`yx ln tX \ ]rW´n CXp ]nip-¡À¡p-Å-XÃ; Imc-Ww, AhÀ \ÂIp-¶n-Ã. AY {]b-X-Z-£n-Wmkx _lhx F¶mÂ, Z£nW sN¿p¶ ]e \cx Ah-Zy-`nbm ]rW´n a\p-jycpw ]m]-`-b-¯m-emWv \ÂIp-¶-Xv. 4. iX-[mcw hmbp-aÀ¡w kzÀhnZw \rN£kkvtX A`n N£tX lhnx tb ]rW´n {] N bÑ´n kwKta tX Z£nWmw ZpltX k]vXamXcw \rN-£kx iX-[mcw hmbpw a\p-jy-Zr-jvSn-sImp ImWp¶hÀ AXp ImWp-¶Xv \qdp hrjvSy-cp-hn-I - tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Imäpw kzÀhnZw AÀ¡w kqcys\ Is-¯p¶ kvXpXn-bp-am-bmWv. tX lhnx A`n N£tX AhÀ AXv lhn-Êmbn ImWp-¶p. kwKta tb ]rW´n N {] bÑ´n bÚ-k-`-bn \ÂIpIbpw k½m-\n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-hÀ tX k]vX-am-Xcw Z£nWmw ZpltX k]vX-am-Xr-¡sf Z£nW-bmbn Id-¡p-¶p. 5. Z£n-Wm-hm³ {]Yta lqX GXn Z£n-Wm-hm³ {Kma-Wo-c-{K-taXn Xtah at\y \r]Xnw P\m\mw bx {]Ytam Z£n-Wmamhnhmb Z£n-Wm-hm³ {]Yax lpXx GXn Z£nW \ÂIp-¶-h³ BZyw hnfn-¡-s¸«v t]mIp-¶p. Z£n-Wm-hm³ {KmaWox A{Kw GXn Z£nW \ÂIp¶ {Kma-t\-Xmhv BZysa¯p-¶p. {]Yax bx Z£nWmw Bhn-hmb BZyw Z£nW tXSp-¶-h\mWv Xw Gh P\m\mw \r]Xnw at\y P\-§-fpsS {]`p-sh¶mWv Rm³ Icp-Xp-¶-Xv. 6. Xta-h- Ejnw Xap {_Òm-W-am-lpÀþ bÚ\yw kma-K-map-IvY-imkw k ip{Iky Xt\zm thZ Xnt{km bx {]Ytam Z£n-Wbm ccm[ Xw D {_mÒWw bÚ\yw ]hn-{X-a-{´-§-fpsS {kjvSmhpw bÚ¯nsâ t\Xmhpw kmaKmw DIvY-ikw kma§-fpsS Kmb-I\pw ikv{X-§Ä sNm-Ãp-¶-h-\p-amWv Xw Gh Ejnw Blpx Ejn-sb¶v AhÀ ]d-bp-¶p. bx Z£n-Wbm {]Yax ccm[ Z£n-W-sImv BZyw hnPbw Is-¯p¶h³- kx ip-{Iky Xn{kx X\zx thZ I®-©n-¸n-¡p-amdv {]Im-in¡p-¶hsâ aq¶p ico-c-§-sfbpw Adn-bp-¶p. 7. Z£n-Wmizw Z£nWm Kmw ZZmXn Z£nWm N{µ-apX b²n-cWyw Z£n-Wm¶w h\ptX tbm \ Bßm Z£nWmw hÀa IrWptX hnPm-\³ Z£nWm Aizw Z£nWm Kmw N{µw ZZmXn Z£nW IpXn-c-sbbpw ]iphn-s\bpw tXP-Êp-Å-Xn-s\-bpw -X-cp-¶p. DX bZv Z£nWm lncWyw am{X-a-Ã, Z£nW kzÀW-s¯bpw Z£nWm \x bx Bßm A¶w h\ptX \½psS {]mW³Xs¶-bmb `£-W-s¯-bpw- t\-Sp-¶p. hnPm-\³ Z£nWmw IrWptX CXp a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-h³ Z-£n-W sN¿p-¶p. 8. \ t`mPm a{apÀ\ \yÀY-ao-bpÀþ \ cnjy´n \ hyYt´ l t`mPmx CZw bZv hnizw `ph\w kzssÝþ XXv kÀhw Z£n-ssWt`ym ZZmXn t`mPmx \ a{apx \yÀYw \ Cubpx A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£n-IÄ acn-¡p-Itbm ]cm-Pn-X-amb Aä-¯n-te¡p t]mhp-Itbm sN¿pI-bn-Ã. t`mPmx \ cnjy´n \ hyYt´ l AhÀ D]-{Z-hn-¡-s¸-SpItbm CS-dp-Itbm sN¿pIbn-Ã. CZw- hnizw `ph\w bXv kzx N Cu AJn-e-tem-I-hpw- kqcy\pw GXXv kÀhw G`yx- Z-£nWm ZZmXn FÃmw ChÀ¡p Z£nW \ÂIp-¶p. 9. t`mPm PnKypx kpc`nw tbm\n-at{K t`mPm PnKypÀh[zw bm kp-hmkmx t`mPm PnKyp-c´x t]bw kpcmbm t`mPm PnKypÀtb AlqXmx {]b´n t`mPmx At{K kpc`nw tbm\nw PnKypx A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£nIÄ BZyw kpK-Ô-apÅ tbm\n- t\Sn; t`mPmx bm kphmkmx h[zw PnKypx AhÀ \à hkv{X-§f-Wnª I\y-Isb t\Sn; t`mPmx A´xt]bw kpcmbmx PnKypx AhÀ t\sc AI¯p-sN-Ãp¶ aZyw t\Sn; t`mPmx tb AlqXmx {]b´n PnKypx AhÀ £Wn-¡m-sX -ap-t¶m-«p-hcp-¶-hÀs¡-Xnsc t\Sn. 10. t`mPm-bmizw kw ar-P-´ymipw t`mPm-bmkvtX I\ym ipw`-am\m t`mP-tkyZw ]pjvI-cn-Woh thiva ]cn-jvIrXw tZh-am-t\h Nn{Xw t`mPmb Bipw Aizw kw arP´n AhÀ A`yp-Z-b-Imw£n-¡p-thn thK-apÅ IpXn-csb XtemSp¶p; ipw`-am\m I\ym t`mPmb BkvtX tim`-\-bmb I\yI A`ypZ-b-Imw-£n¡p-thn Im¯n-cn-¡p¶p; t`mPky CZw thiva A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£n-bsS Cu hkXn ]pjvI-cnWo Ch ]cn-jvIrXw Xma-cs¸mbvI t]mse- Ae-¦r-Xhpw tZh-am\m Ch Nn{Xw tZ-h-·m-cpsS sIm«m-c-§Ät]mse DÖz-e-hp-a-t{X. 11. t`mP-aizmx kpjvTp-hmtlm hl´n kphrZv ctYm hÀ¯tX Z£n-Wmbmx t`mPw tZhm-tkm-hXm `tcjp t`mPx i{Xq³ ka-\o-tIjp tPXm kpjvTp-hmlx Aizmx t`mPw hl´n \¶mbn hln-¡p¶ IpXn-c-IÄ A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£n-Isf hln-¡p¶p; Z£n-Wmbmx kphrXv cYx hÀ¯tX Z£n-W-bpsS kpJambn Dcp-fp¶ tXcv Dcp-fp¶p; tZhmkx `tcjp t`mPw AhX tZh-·mtc! B{I-a-W-§fn A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£nsb klm-bn-¨mepw! t`mPx ka-\o-tIjp i{Xq³ tPXm A`yp-Z-b-Imw£n Gäpap-«-ep-I-fn i{Xp-¡sf Pbn-¡s«! ]¯mw aWvU-ew, \qsä«mw -kqàw kc-abpw ]Wnbpw Ejn; 11 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v; kc-abpw ]Wnbpw tZhX kphn-Zn-Xhpw B\-µ-{]-Z-hp-amb kw`m-j-W-kq-à-am-Wn-Xv. cq]-tcJ hyà-sa-¦nepw hni-Zmw-i-§Ä A{X hyàaÃm¯ Hcm-Jym-\-¯n-sâ- a-[y-¯n-em-Wv Cu kw`m-jWw \S-¡p-¶-Xv. ]Wn-IÄ ]ip-¡sf Kpl-bn IpSp-¡n. C{µ-\pw -{]m-No-\-ssh-Zn-I-E-jn-Ifpw ]ip-¡sf tamNn-¸n-¡m³ B{K-ln-¡p-¶p. AXp-sImv C{µ³ Xsâ kca F¶ \mbsb ]Wn-Isf sIWn-bn s]Sp-¯m\pw ]ip-¡-sf- hn-«-b-bv¡m³ Bh-iy-s¸-Sm\pw thn Ab-bv¡p-¶p. Ah-km\w C{µ\pw Ejn-amcpw (Aw-Kn-c-Êp-Ifpw \h-Kz-·m-cpw)- Xs¶ ]Wn-IÄ ]ip- ¡sf Hfn-¸n¨ Øe-t¯¡p hcp-¶p. AhÀ X§Ä cNn-¡p-Ibpw ]mSp-Ibpw sNbvX kqà-§-fpsS iàn-bn- eqsS Kpl Xpd¶p. C{µs\ ChnsS _rl-kv]Xn F¶mWv ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xv. Dj-Êp-I-fpsS hchpw ChnsS hÀWn-¡p-¶p-v.- X-sâ -kq-à¯nsâ iàn-sIm-mWv ]ip-¡sf hosSp-¡p-¶-sX¶v Ihn kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 1. Inan-Ñ´o kcam t{]Z-am-\Sv Zqtc ly[zm PKpcnx ]cmssNx Imkvta-lnXnx Im ]cn-X-Ivaym-koXv IYw ckmbm AXcx ]bmwkn Inw CÑ´o kcam CZw {]m\Sv? (]Wn:) F´-t\z-jn-¨p-sImmWv kca ChnsS h¶Xv? ln ]cmssNx PKpcnx A[zm Zqtc Imc-Ww, AI-e-¯n (k-©m-cn-sb) hngp-§n-s¡mv ]mX Zqsc-bm-Wv. Im Akvta-lnXnx? Im ]cn-XIvaym BkoXv? F´mWv \nsâ R§-tfm-SpÅ ZuXyw? F´mbncp¶p (\ns¶ ChnsS hcp¯p¶) Ah-km-\s¯ Xncnhv? IYw ckmbmx ]bmwkn AXcx? F§-s\-bmWv \o ckbnse Pes¯ apdn-¨p-I-S-¶Xv? 2. C{µky ZqXocnjnXm Ncman al CÑ´o ]Wtbm \n[o³ hx AXn-jvItZm `nbkm X¶ BhXv XYm ckmbm AXcw ]bmwkn ]Wbx C{µky ZqXox CjnXm (k-ca:) ]Wn-Itf! C{µsâ ZqXn-bmbn Ab-bv¡-s¸-«mWv hx alx \n[o³ CÑ´o Ncman \nsâ al-¯mb \n[nIÄAt\z-jn-¨p-sImv Rm³ k©-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXn-jvIZx `nbkm XXv \x BhXv IpdpsI NmSn-¡S-¡m-\pÅ `bw-sIm-mWv þ AXv R§sf klm -bn¨p þ XYm ckmbmx ]bkn AXcw Rm³ ck-bnse Pes¯ apdn-¨p-I-S-¶-Xv. 3. IoZr-§n{µx kcta Im ZrioIm btkyZw ZqXo-c-kcx ]cm-ImXv B N KÑm·n{Xta\m Z[m-amþ Ym K-hm-w tKm-]-XnÀt\m `hmXn kcta bky ZqXox CZw ]cm-ImXv Akcx (]Wn:) kcta! BcpsS ZqXn-bm-bmtWm \o Zqsc-\n¶v Ab -bv¡s¸-«Xv C{µx IoZrIv? Im ZrioIm? B C{µ³ GXp Xc-¡m-c\mWv? Ahsâ apJ-`m-h-sa-§s\? B KÑmXv N G\ an{Xw Z[ma Ah³ ChnsS hcn-I-bmsW-¦n R§Ä Ah-\p-ambn kJy-ap-m -¡pIbpw AY \x Khmw tKm]Xnx `hmXn At¸mÄ Ah³ R§-fpsS ]ip-¡-fpsS CS-b-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿s«! 4. \mlw Xw thZ Z`yw Z`Xv k btkyZw ZqXo-c-kcw ]cm-ImXv \ Xw Kpl´n {khtXm K`ocm lXm Ct{µW ]Wbx ibt[z Xw Z`yw \ thZ kx Z`Xv (k-ca:) NXn-¡-s¸-Sm-\m-hm¯h-\msW¶v F\n-¡-dn-bmw. Ah³ N-Xn¡p¶p. bky ZqXox Alw CZw ]cm-ImZv Akcw Ah-sâ- Zq-Xn-bm-bmWv Rm³ ChnsS Zqsc-\n¶v F¯n-b-Xv. K`ocmx {khXx Xw \ Kpl´n Bg-¯n-sem-gp-Ip¶ \ZnIÄ Ahs\ Hfn-¸n-¡p-I-bn-Ã. Ct{µW lXmx ]Wbx ibt[z Cµ-\m XIÀ¡-s¸-« ]WnIfmb \n§Ä InS-¡mdm-hpw. 5. Cam Kmhx kcta bm sFÑx ]cn Znthm A´m³ kp`tK ]X´o IkvX G\m Ah krPm-Z-bp-[ypþ XmkvamI-am-bp[m k´n XnÜm kp`tK kcta Camx bmx Kmhx sFÑx (]Wn:) kp`-Kbmb kcta! \o At\z-jn¨ Cu ]ip-¡sf, Znhx A´m³ ]cn ]X´o \o kzÀK-¯nsâ Aä§Ä¡p Npäpw ]d-¶-t¸mÄ Ix G\mx tX Abp[zo Ah krPmXv Bcm-Wv- \n\¡v bp²w- Iq-SmsX hn«p-X-cnI? DX AkvamIw Bbp[m XnÜm k´n am{X-a-Ã, R§-fpsS bp²m-bp-[-§Ä Xo£vW-§-fm-Ip-¶p. 6. Atk\ym hx ]Wtb hNmwþ ky\n-j-hym-kvX\zx k´p ]m]ox A[rjvtSm hx GXhm AkvXp ]Ùm _rl-kv]-XnÀh D`bm \ arfmXv ]Wbx hx hNmwkn Atk\ym (k-ca:) ]Wn-Itf! \n§fpsS hm¡p-IÄ Bbp-[-§-f-Ã. ]m]ox X\zx A\n-jhymx k´p \n§-fpsS ]m]w ]q ico-c-§Ä ic-§Ä¡p Zpjv{]-th-iy-amhpItbm hx ]Ùmx GXssh A[rjvSx AkvXp \n§-fn-te-¡pÅ hgn A\p-K-an-¡m³ Akm-[ytam B-Is«! D`bm hx _rl-kv]Xnx \ ar-fmXv cm-bm-epw, _rl-kv]Xn \n§-fn Zb-hp-Å-h-\m-hpIbnÃ! 7. Abw \n[nx kcta A{Zn-_p[vt\m tKm`n-c-tiz-`nÀh-kp-`nÀ\yrjvSx c£´n Xw ]Wtbm tb kptKm]m tcI -]Zae-Iam PKÙ kc-ta- A{Zn-_p[v\x Abw \n[nx (]Wn:) kcta! ine-bpsS ASn-¯-d-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ Cu \n[n tKm`nx Atiz`nx hkp`nx \yrjvSx ]ip-¡-sfbpw IpXn-c-I-sfbpw km[-\-§-sfbpw sIm-p -\n-d-ªp-I -hn-ªp. kptKm]mx tb ]Wbx Xw c£´n \à CS-b-·m-cmb ]Wn-IÄ AXp -c-£n-¡p-¶p. tcI AeIw ]Zw B PKÙ shdp-sX-bmWv \o Hgnª ]mX-bn-te-¡p- h-¶Xv! 8. Gl Ka-¶r-jbx tkma-inXm Abmtkym AwKn-ctkm \hKzmx X GX-aqÀhw hn `P´ tKm\mþ assY-X-ZzNx ]Wtbm ha-¶nXv tkma-inXmx E-jbx Cl B Ka³ (k-ca:) tkmaw-sImp Xo£vW-cmb- -E-jn-amÀ, ChnsS Cu Øe -t¯¡p hcpw: Abmkyx AwKn-c-kx- \hKzmx Abm-ky³ (C-{µ³), AwKnc-Êp-IÄ, \h-Kz-·mÀ F¶n-hÀ. tX GXw tKm\mw DuÀhw hn `P´ AhÀ Cu ]ip-s¯m-gp¯v ]ncn-¡pw. AY ]Wbx GXZv hNx ha³ CXv At¸mÄ ]Wn-IÄ (X-§-fpsS) Cu hm¡p OÀZn¡pIXs¶ sN¿pw! ha³ þ OÀZn-¡p-I. Dt]-£n-¡pI F¶p Xmev]-cyw. 9. Ghm N Xzw kca B PKÙ {]_m-[nXm klkm ssZthy\ kzkmcw Xzm IrWssh am ]p\ÀKm A] tX Khmw kp`tK `Pma kcta ssZthy\ klkm (]Wn:) kcta! Znhy-i-àn-bm {]_m-[nXm Xzw Gh N BP-KÙ \nÀ_-Ôn-¡-s¸«v \o Cu hgn¡p h¶p-sh-¦nÂt¸mepw, kp`tK Xzm kzkmcw IrWssh kp`tK! Rm³ \ns¶ Fsâ tkmZ-cnbm-¡mw. ]p\x am Kmx tX Khmw A] `Pma ]ns¶ ]n´n-cn-b-cp-Xv; R§Ä \n\¡p ]ip-¡-fn -H-cp-`mKw Xcmw. 10. \mlw thZ {`mXrXzw t\m kzkrXzþ ant{µm hnZp-cw-Kn-c-kÝ tLmcmx tKmImam ta AÑ-Z-b³ bZm-bþ a]mX CX ]Wtbm hcobx Alw {`mXrXzw \ kzkrXzw t\m thZ (k-ca:) tkmZ-cXztam tkmZ-co-Xztam H¶pw F\n-¡-dn-bn-Ã. C{µx tLmcmx AwKn-ckx N hnZpx C{µ¶pw `b-¦-c-·m-cm-b Aw-Kn-c-Êp-IÄ¡pw (C¡mcy-§)f-dn-bmw. bZv Bbw ta tKmImamx AÑ-Z-b³ AhÀ Rm³ h¶t¸mÄ Rm³ ]ip-¡-fn B{K-l-ap-Å-h-fm -sWXn\m AhÀ Fs¶ hf-bp-w. ]Wbx AXx hcobx A] CX ]Wn-Itf! Chn-sS-\n¶p hfsc Zqc-t¯¡p t]mbmepw! 11. Zqc-anX ]Wtbm hcob DZv Kmthm b´p an\-Xo-cr-tX\ _rl-kv]-XnÀbm Ahn-µ¶nKqfvlmx tkmtam {KmhmW Ej-bÝ hn{]mx ]Wbx hcobx Zqcw CX (B-Jym-Xmhv:) ]Wn-Itf! Chn-sS-\n¶p hfsc Zqc-t¯¡p t]mbmepw! EtX\ an\Xox bmx \nKqfvlmx kXy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Øe§Ä ssIam-dn-s¡m-v, Hfn-¸n-¨p-sh¶p _rl-kv]Xnx tkmax {KmhmWx hn{]mx _rl-kv]Xnbpw tkma\pw ]nSn-¡-Ãp-Ifpw {]tNm-Zn-X-cm-b Ejbx N Ahn-µXv Kmhx DZv b´p - E-jn-Ifpw Is¯p¶ ]ip-¡Ä DbÀ¶phcs«! ]¯mw aWvU-ew, \qän¸Xnt\gmw -kqàw `n£p- Bw-Kn-ck³ Ejn; 9 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v (P-KXn 1þ2 Hg-nsI)); [\w, A¶w F¶nh tZhX ([-\m-¶-Zm-\-{]-iw-k) hnj-b-¯nepw kzc-¯nepw Akm-[m-c-W-amb kqàw. CXv Hcp tZh\pw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«-X-Ã. ""A¶-Zm-\- {]-iwk'' F¶v A\p-{I-a-Wn. ]t£ kqà-¯n Hcp tZh-X-sbtbm Znhy-i-àn-I-sftbm ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶n-Ã. CXv EtKz-Z-¯n¯-s¶ -Hä-Xn-cn-ªp-\n¡p¶ kµÀ`-am-sW¶p ]d-bmw. tZh-·mÀ hcp-¶Xv BZy-]-Zy-¯nÂam- {Xw. AXp-Xs¶ ]tcm-£-ambpw. ]I-cw, a\p-jyÀX-½n-epÅ kulr-Z-¯n-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb _Ô-¯nepw Bh-iy- ap-Å-h\p \ÂIp-¶-h-t\m-SpÅ IS-¸m-Sn-ep-amWv Du¶n-bn-«p-Å-Xv. 3þ4, 6 ]Zy-§Ä hnti-jn¨pw t\m¡p-I. a\p- jyÀ X½n \¶mbn s]cp-am-dpI F¶-XmWv D]-tZ-iw. DZm-c-X-bv¡pÅ hmZw cp Xc-¯n-em-Wv. Bß-Xm-ev]-cy-¯n-emWv AXv. Hcp-h-i-¯v, \ÂIp-¶Xv \ÂIp- ¶-h\v Hcp-]-{Z-hhpw sN¿n-Ã. AXv Ahsâ JP-\mhv iq\y-am-¡p-¶p-an-Ã. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n B at\m-`mhw hyà-am-¡p-¶p-v. 7þ8 ]Zy-§-fnepw A´À[m-c-bmbn CXp-s¶p tXm¶p-¶p. adp-h-i-¯v, \ÂIm-Xn-cn-¡p- ¶Xv A\p-Zm-c\p icn¡pw Ip-g¸apm-¡p-w. `mKn-I-ambn Cu Ipg¸w Hä-s¸-S-em-Wv. Bdmw ]Zy-¯n ""tIh- emtLm `hXn tImh-emZo'' (H-äbv¡p Xn¶p-¶-h³ shdpw ]m]n-b-t{X) F¶n-§s\ CXv kw£n-]vX-abn ]d- ªn-«p-v. Hcm-fpsS `mKy-¯n\pw amäw hcmw (5). C¶p k¼-¶\pw \¶mbp-®p-¶-h\pw \msf adn-¨m-sb¶p ht¶-¡mw. AXp-sImv FÃm-h-cpambn kulr-Z-¯n Ign-bp-Ibpw \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-XmWv \¶v. \msf km lN-cy-§Ä amdmw. sImSp-¡p-¶-h\pw hm§p-¶-h\pw Ft¸mgpw A§-s\-¯s¶ Bh-W-sa-¶n-Ã-tÃm. 1. \hm D tZhmx £p[-anZv hZ³ ZZpþ cpXm-inXap KÑ´n arXyhx DtXm cbnx ]rWtXm t\m] Zkyþ XypXm-]r-W³ aÀUn-Xmcw \ hnµtX tZhmx ssh £p[w h[w CXv D \ ZZpx tZh-·mÀ kXyambpw hni-¸p-Å-h\v amcIm-bp[w am{X-ambn \ÂIn-bn-Ã. DX arXyhx BinXw D] KÑ´n am{X-a-Ã, ac-W-¯nsâ cq]-§Ä \Ã-t]mse Xoä-s¸-«-hsâ- A-Sp-s¯ -¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. DtXm ]rWXx cbnx \ D] ZkyXn IqSmsX, \ÂIp-¶hsâ k¼¯v XoÀ¶p-t]m-Ip-¶nÃ; DX A]r-W³ aÀUn-Xmcw \ hnµtX \ÂIm-¯-h³ Zb ImWn-¡p-¶Xmbpw Adnbp-¶n-Ã. 2. b B{[mb NI-am-\mb ]ntXzmþ ¶-hm³ k³ c^n-Xm-tbm-]-P-Üptj Øncw a\x IrWptX tkhtX ]ptcmþ tXm NnXv k aÀUn-Xcw \ hnµtX bx B{[mb c^n-Xmb ZpÀ_-et\m XIÀ¶-h-t\m ]nXzx NI-am-\mb D]-PÜptj `£-W-am-{K-ln-¨p-sImp kao-]n-¡p-t¼mÄ, A¶-hm³ k³ a\x Øncw IrWptX -`£-W-ap-Å-h-\m-sW-¦nepw a\w ITn-\-am-¡p-¶p. DtXm ]pcm tkhtX Ah³ ]t Ahsâ kplr-¯msW-¦n-epw kx NnZv aÀUn-Xmcw \ hnµtX Ah-\pw- Zb-Im-Wn-¡p-¶Xmbn Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. 3. k CZv t`mtPm tbm Krlth ZZmþ Xy¶-Im-amb NctX Irimb Ac-akvssa `hXn bma-lqXm DXm-]-cojp IrWptX kJmbw bx Irimb NctX A¶-Im-amb saen-ª-h\pw Ae-ªp\-S-¡p-¶-h-\p-w `£-W-am-{K-ln-¡p¶h\pamb Krlth ZZmXn kx CZv t`mPx bmN-I\p \ÂIp¶h\mWv A`yp-Z-b-Imw-£n-. bma-lqXu Akvssa Acw `hXn (bm-N-I-sâ) hmZ§Ä \nc-¯n-bpÅ At]-£-bn Ah³ Xr]vX -\mIp¶p. DX A]-cojp kJmbw IrWptX `mhn-bn Ahs\ Xsâ kJmh-m-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. 4. \ k kJm tbm \ ZZmXn ktJy kNm-`pth kN-am-\mb ]nXzx A]m-kvamXv t{]bm³ \ XtZmtIm AkvXn ]rW-´-a-\y-a-cWw NnZn-tÑXv bx kNm-`pth kN-am-\m-b -k-tJy H¸w IqSn IqsS \S-¡p¶ Xsâ- kp-lr-¯n\p ]nXzx \ ZZmXn kx kJm \ `£Ww \ÂIm-¯-h³ kplr-¯-Ã; AkvamZv A] {] CbmXv XZv HmIx \ AkvXn Ah-\nÂ\n¶p hn«p-t]mIpw. AXv hoS-Ã. AcWw NnZv ]rW´w A\yw CtÑXv Ah³ A]-cn-Nn-X-\pt]mepw \ÂIp¶ asäm-cp-h-s\- A-t\z-jn¨p t]mI-pw. 5. ]rWo-bm-Zn-¶m-[-am-\mb Xhym³ {ZmLo-bmwka\p ]tiyX ]Ùmw Hm ln hÀ¯t´ ctYyh N{Imþ \ya\yap] XnjvT´ cmbx Xhym³ \m[-am-\b ]rWo-bm³ CXv IqSp-X ià³ Bhiy¡mc\p \ÂIp-I-Xs¶ thWw. {ZmLo-bmwkw ]Ùmw A\p ]tiyX Ah³ IqSp-X ZoÀL-amb hgn-bn-eqsS t\m¡-Ww. ln cmbx cYym Ch N{Im Hm hÀ¯t´ Imc-Ww, k¼¯p-IÄ tXÀ¨-{I-§Ät]mse Xncn-bp-¶p. A\yw A\yw D] XnjvT´ Ah HcmÄ¡p-]n-dsI HcmfpsS ASp¯p \n¡p-¶p. 6. tamL-a¶w hnµtX A{]-tNXmx kXyw {_hoan h[ CXv k Xky \mcy-aWw ]pjyXn t\m kJmbw tIh-emtLm `hXn tIh-emZo A{]-tNXmx A¶w tamLw- hnµtX hI-Xn-cn-hn-Ãm-¯-h³ `£Ww \njv^-e-am-sW¶p ImWp-¶p. kXyw {_hoan Xky kx h[x CXv Rm³ kXyw ]dbmw: AXv Ah\p amc-I-mbp-[-a-t{X. Acy-aWw \ kJmbw t\m ]pjyXn Ah³ \m«p-Im-c-s\tbm Iq«p-Im-c-s\tbm A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶n-Ã. tIh-emZo tIh-emLx `hXn Hä-bv¡p-®p-¶-h³ shdpw ]m]n-b-t{X. 7. Irj-¶nXv ^me BinXw IrtWmXn b¶-[zm-\-a] hrMvtà Ncnss{Xx hZ³ {_ÒmhZtXm h\o-bm³ ]rW-¶m-]n-c-]r-W-´-a-`n- jymXv Irj³ CXv ^mew BinXw IrtWmXn Dgp-¶-h-s\-am-{Xta Ie¸ Xoäp-I-bp-Åq. b³ A[zm\w Ncnss{Xx A] hrwtà k©-cn¡p-¶-h³ hgn ImÂsImv aqSp¶p. hZ³ {_Òm Ah-ZXx h\o-bm³ ]d-bp¶ a{´-{kjvSm-hv ]d-bm-¯-h-t\-¡mÄ t\Sp-¶-h-\t{X. ]rW³ A]nx A]r-W´w A`n kymXv \ÂIp¶ kvt\lnX³ \ÂIm-¯-h-t\-¡mÄ D¶-X-\m-hpw. 8. GI-]mZv `qtbm Zzn]tZm hn N{Ita Zzn]mXv {Xn]m-Z-a-t`yXn ]ÝmXv NXp-jv]-tZXn Zzn]-Zm-a-`n-kztc kw]iy³ ]wàocp]-Xn-jvT-am\x GI-]mZv Zzn]Zx `qbx hn N{Ita Hcp Imep-Å-h³ (kqcy³) cp Imep-Å-h-(a-\p-jy)tc-¡mÄ thK -¯n \S-¡p-¶p. Zzn]mXv {Xn]mZw ]ÝmZv A`n GXn Ccp-Imen ap¡m-ensb (hb-Ê-s\) ]n¶n-em-¡n apt¶m«p t]mIp-¶p. NXp-jv]mZv Zzn]Zmw A-`n-kzcw \m¡men (\m-b) Ccp-Im-en-bpsS hnfn tI«v D]-Xn-jvT-am\x ]wàox- kw]-iy³ GXn Abe¯p Xma-kn-¡p¶ sF¡m-en-(A-Sn-a¡q«w)Isf \nco -£n-¡p-¶p. 9. kau Nn²kvXu kaw hnhnjvSx kwamXcm Nn¶ -kaw ZplmtX ba-tbm-Ýn¶ kam hocymWn ÚmXo NnXv k´u \ kaw ]rWoXx kau NnXv lkvXu kaw \ hnhnjvSx Hcp-t]m-em-sW-¦nepw cp- ssI-IÄ Hcp-t]mse Imcyw \S-¯p-I -bn-Ã. kwam-Xcm kaw \ ZplmtX Htc- A-½-bpsS a¡-fmb cp ]ip-¡Ä Hcp-t]mse (]mÂ) Npc-¯p-I-bn-Ã. batbmx NnZv hocymWn \ kam NnXv Cc-«-I-fp-sS-t]mepw hoc-IÀa-§Ä Hcp-t]m-se-b-Ã. ÚmXo k´u NnXv kaw \ ]rWoXx _Ôp-¡-fm-bmepw cp-t]À Hcp-t]m-sebà \ÂIp-¶-Xv. ]¯mw aWvU-ew, \qäncp]s¯m¶mw -kqàw lnc-Wy-KÀ` {]mPm-]-Xy³ Ejn-; 10 ]Zy-§Ä; {XnjvS¸vv; ""I(³)'' F¶ {]Pm-]-Xn tZhX {]]-t©m-ev]-¯n-kn-²m-´-¯nsâ cq]-¯n-emWo kqàw. ]t£, ChnsS krjvSn-kn-²m-´-¯n-sâ- t]cp ]d-ªn-«nÃ; AYhm t]cn-Ã. tZh-X-bpsS t]cp {]Jym-]n-¨n-«nsænepw, ""Ikvssa tZhmb lhntj hnt[a'' (GXp tZh-s\-bmWv R§Ä lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn kvXpXn-t¡-Xv?) F¶ ]Ã-hn-bnÂ\n¶v Hcp tZhX DbÀ¶p-h- cp-¶p-v. BZy-]-Zy-¯n AXv lnc-Wy-KÀ`-\m-Wv. {_Òm-WvU-sa-¶m-hmw. ]t£, lnc-Wy-KÀ`³ kqcy-\p-am-Wv. Ggmw ]Zy-¯n AXv tZh³ am{X-a-Ã, ""tZh-·m-cpsS {]mW''-\msW¶pw Ah-km-\-]-Zy-¯n AXv {]Pm-]-Xn- bm-sW¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. ]t£, Cu ]Zyw ]n¶oSv Iq«n-t¨À¯-Xm-sW¶ {]_-e-amb A`n-{]m-b-ap-v (Cu ]Zyw ]Zw apdn¨p sNmÃm-dn-söv H. Fw. kn. \mcm-b-W³ \¼q-Xn-cn-¸mSv {]kvXm-hn-¡p-¶-XnÂ\n¶p tIc-fobk{¼-Zm- b-a-\p-k-cn¨v Cu ]Zy-¯nsâ {]£n-]vXXzw hyà-am-Ip-¶p). Ii_vZw {]Pm-]-Xn-]-cym-b-ambn ]n¡m-e¯v AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. cmP-Xz-sa¶ Bi-b-hp-ambn Cu kqà-¯n\p _Ô-ap-s¶p hymJym-\n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v. cmPym-`n-tj-I-IÀa- t¯msS cmPmhv ]p\ÀP-\n-¡p-¶p-sh-¶mWv k¦-ev]w. Cu kqàw {]kvXp-X-IÀa-¯nsâ LS-I-§Ä ]p\À\nÀan- ¡p-¶p. kqà-¯nse KÀ`w (1, 7), `c-W-IÀ¯mhv (1, 2, 3), shÅw (7, 8, 9), KÀ`w [cn-¡p¶ shÅw (7),-A-án- bpsS P·w (7) F¶o ]cm-aÀi-§Ä t\m¡p-I. AÚm-X-\m-a-I-amb X¯zw temIw apgp-h³ hebw sN¿p¶p (4, 5, 10). AXnsâ iàn FÃm Zn¡p-I-fnepw (4), FÃm Pnh-Pm-e-§-fnepw (2, 3, 8) cmPm-hn-s\-t¸mse hym]n- ¡p¶p. AXv temIw Dd-¸n¨pw (5) t\scbpw (5, 6) Xm§n-\nÀ¯p-¶p; AXn\p {]mW³ \ÂIp-¶p (2, 7) þ FÃmw cmPmhv sN¿p-¶-t]m-se. 1. lnc-Wy-KÀ`x ka-hÀ¯-Xmt{K `qXky PmXx ]Xn-tcI BkoXv k Zm-[mc ]rYnhow Zymap-tXamw Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a At{K lnc-Wy-KÀ`x ka-hÀ¯X BZn-bn lnc-Wy-KÀ`³ (kp-hÀW-a-b-amb KÀ`w) BhnÀ`-hn-¨p. PmXx `qXky ]Xnx GIx BkoXv Dmbn¡-gnª-hbpsS {]`p-hmb Ah³ am{Xw \ne-\n-¶p. kx Camw ]rYnhow DX Zymw Zm[mc Ah³ Cu kzÀKs¯bpw `qan-sbbpw Xm§n-\nÀ¯p-¶p. lhnjm Ikvssa tZhmb hnt[a R§Ä lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn GXp tZh-s\-bmWv kvXpXn-t¡-Xv? 2. b BßZm _eZm bky hniz D]m-ktX {]injw bky tZhmx bky Ombm-arXw bky arXypx Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a bx BßZmx _eZmx bky {]injw BcmWv {]mW³ \ÂIp¶-h³? iàn \ÂIp-¶-h³? Bcp-sS - BÚ? bky hntiz tZhmx D]m-ktX BcpsS \nb-a-amWv FÃm tZh-·mcpw BZ-cn-¡p-¶Xv? AarXw bky Ombm bky arXypx AarXw BcpsS \ngemWv? BcpsS (\ng-emWv) acWw? lhnjm Ikvssa tZhmb hnt[a R§Ä lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn GXp tZh-s\-bmWv kvXpXn-t¡-Xv? 3. bx {]mWtX \nan-jtXm alnssXz I CZv cmPm PKtXm _`qh b Cuti Aky Zzn]-Z-Ý-Xp-jv]-Zx Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a bx CXv GIx alnXzm {]mWXx Bcp am{X-amWvv Xsâ -aln-a-sImv izkn-¡p-¶-Xn-sâbpw \nan-jXx PKXx cmPm _`qh Ca Nn½p-¶-Xn-sâbpw PwKa-tem-I-¯n-sâbpw cmPm-hm-bn-¯oÀ¶Xv? bx Aky Zzn]Zx NXp-jv]Zx Cuti BcmWv Cu Ccp-Im-enIfpw \m¡m-en-I-fp-amb Pohn-I-fpsS {]`p? lhnjm Ikvssa tZhmb hnt[a R§Ä lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn GXp tZh-s\-bmWv kvXpXn-t¡-Xv? 4. btkyta lna-ht´m alnXzm bky kap{Zw ckbm klmlpx btkyamx {]Zntim bky _mlq Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a bky alnXzm Cta lna-h´x Bcp-tS-XmWv al-Xzw-sImv Cu lnahm·mÀ? bky Camx {]Znix bky _mlq Bcp-tS-XmWv Cu Zn¡pIÄ? Bcp-tS-XmWv ssIIÄ (]c-a-]-Zhpw ]mXm-fhpw)? bky ckbm kl kap{Zw Blpx Bcp-tS-XmWv temI¯nse \Zn-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb kap{Zsa¶v AhÀ ]dbp¶Xv? lhnjm Ikvssa tZhmb hnt[a R§Ä lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn GXp tZh-s\-bmWv kvXpXn-t¡-Xv? 5. tb\ Zyucp{Km ]rYn-ho N Zrfvlm tb\ kzx kvX`nXw tb\ \mIx tb A´-cnt£ cPtkm hnam\x Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a tb\ D{Km Zyux ]rYnho N Zrfvlm BcmWv ià-amb kzÀK-s¯bpw `qan-sbbpw Dd¸n-¨Xv? tb\ kzx kvX`nXw tb\ \mIx BcmWv kqcys\ t\sc \nÀ¯n-bXv? Bcv \mIs¯? bx A´-cnt£ cPkx hnam\x Bcv A´-co-£-¯nse hmbpaWvU-es¯ Af¶-h³? lhnjm Ikvssa tZhmb hnt[a R§Ä lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn GXp tZh-s\-bmWv kvXpXn-t¡-Xv? 6. bw {Iµko Ahkm XkvX-`mt\ Ass`y-t£Xmw a\km tcP-amt\ b{Xm-[n- kqc DZntXm hn`mXn Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a bw A`n {Iµko Ahkm BcpsS t\À¡mWv cp bp²-tc-J-IÄ (kzÀKhpw `qan-bpw) Ahsâ klm -b-t¯msS a\km tcP-amt\ XkvX-`mt\ sFt£Xmw a\-Ên hn-d¨p-sIm-m-sW-¦nepw \nhÀ¶p-\n¶p t\m¡p¶Xv? b{X A[n DZnXx kqcx hn`mXn GhbpsS -ta-emWv DZbkqcy³ {]Imiw sNmcn-bp-¶Xv? lhnjm Ikvssa tZhmb hnt[a R§Ä lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn GXp tZh-s\-bmWv kvXpXn-t¡-Xv? 7. Bt]m l bZv _rlXoÀhniz-am-b³ KÀ`w Z[m\m P\-b-´o-cánw XtXm tZhm\mw ka-hÀ¯-Xm-kp-tcIx Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a bZv l _r-lXox B]x hnizw I\¯ shÅw FÃmäns\bpw KÀ`w Z[m\mx Aánw P\-b´ox Bb³ KÀ`w-t]mse kzoI-cn-¨pw Aán¡p P·w sImSp-¯p-wsImv h¶-t¸mÄ, XXx tZhm\mw Akpx GIx- k-a-hÀ¯X tZh-·m-cpsS {]mW³ am-{X-amWv cq]w-sIm-n-cp-¶-Xv. lhnjm Ikvssa tZhmb hnt[a R§Ä lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn GXp tZh-s\-bmWv kvXpXn-t¡-Xv? 8. bÝn-Zmt]m aln\m ]cy-]-iyZv Z£w Z[m\m P\-b-´oÀbÚw tbm tZth-jz-[n-tZh GI BkoXv Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a bx NnZv aln\m Z£w- Z-[m\mx BcmWv Xsâ -a-ln-a-sImv (bÚ)-ssh-Z-Kv[y-s¯ -(KÀ`wt]mse) kzoI -cn-¡pIbpw bÚw P\-b´ox B]x ]cy-]-iyXv bÚ-s¯ cq]s¸Sp¯p-Ibpw sNbvX shÅ-s¯- A-h-tem-I\w \S-¯nbXv? tZthjp A[n- tZhx bx GIx BkoXv tZh-·m-cpsS A[n-tZ-h-\mb Bcp am{XamWpm-bncp¶Xv? lhnjm Ikvssa tZhmb hnt[a R§Ä lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn GXp tZh-s\-bmWv kvXpXn-t¡-Xv? 9. am t\m lnwko-Ö-\n-Xm bx ]rYnhym tbm hm Znhw kXy-[Àam PPm\ bÝm-]-Ý{µm _rl-XoÀP-Pm\ Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a bx ]rYnhymx P\nXm bx hm kXy-[Àam Znhw PPm\ `qan-sbbpw kXy-[Àam-hmbn kzÀKs¯bpw bx N{µmx _rlXox N A]x PPm\ an¶n-¯n-f-§p¶Xpw Kw`o-c-hpamb shÅs¯bpw P\n¸n¨-h³ \x am lnwkoXv R§sf D]-{Z-hn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡s«! lhnjm Ikvssa tZhmb hnt[a R§Ä lhn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn GXp tZh-s\-bmWv kvXpXn-t¡-Xv? 10. {]Pm-]tX \ XztZ-Xm-\yt\ym hnizm PmXm\n ]cnXm _`qh bXvIm-amkvtX Pplp-a-kvXt¶m AkvXp hbw kyma ]Xtbm cboWmw {]Pm-]tX XzZv A\yZv A\yx {]Pm-]tX! \ob-ÃmsX aämcpw GXm\n hnizm PmXm\n ]cnXm _`qh Cu P\n-¸n¡s¸« FÃm-än-s\bpw hebw sNbvXn«n-Ã. bXvImamx tX Pplpax XXv \x AkvXp F´m-{K-ln-¨p
- - sImv R§Ä \n\-¡p-thn lhn-Êp-m-¡p¶pthm AXv R§-Ä¡pm-h-s«! hbw cboWmw ]Xbx kyma R§Ä k¼-¯p-I-fpsS {]`p¡-fm-hs«! þþ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þþ Cu kqà-¯nse BZys¯ H³]Xp ]Zy-§fnse A´y-]m-Z-]-Ã-hnsb hÅ-t¯mÄ, ""B "I³' F¶ tZh\p \mw lhn-ÊÀ¸n-¡pI'' F¶pw H. Fw. kn. ""B {]Pm-]-Xn-bmb tZhs\ EXzn-¡p-I-fmb R§Ä lhn- Êm ]cn-N-cn-¡p¶p'' F¶pw hnhÀ¯\w sN¿p-¶p. {]Pm-]-Xn-bmWv kqàw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« tZhX F¶v ]c- ¼-cm-K-X-amb coXn-b-\p-k-cn¨p alm-I-hnbpw ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦n-epw, Cu ]m-Zm-´y-]-ÃhnhnhÀ¯\w Icp-X-tem-sS- bmWv \nÀh-ln-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. AX-sÃ-¦n ]ns¶ ""GXp tZh\v'' Ft¶ bYm-{ip-XmÀY-ambn XÀPa sN¿m-\m-hq. kqcy-s\¶ AÀYw-IqSn ]d-bm-hp¶ lnc-Wy-KÀ`-\mWv B tZh³ Ft¶ IrXy-ambn ]d-bm³ Ign-bq. Ah-\m- Is« {]Pm-]Xn]p{X-\mWv; {]Pm-]-Xn-b-Ã. {]Pm]-Xnsb t]sc-Sp¯p ]d-bp¶ ]¯mw ]Zy-am-Is«, Npcp-§n-bXv tIc-fo-b-k-{¼-Zm-b-a-\p-k-cn-s¨-¦nepw {]£n]vXam-hm-\mWp km[y-X-sb¶v H. Fw. kn. Xs¶ kqNn-¸n-¨n-«p-ap- v. F¶n-cn-t¡, At±-l-¯nsâ ]Ã-hn-XÀP-abv¡p ASn-Øm\w t]mcm F¶mWv Fsâ Ffnb A`n-{]m-bw. Cu kqà-¯nsâ BapJw IqSn t\m¡p-I). ]¯mw aWvU-ew, \qäncp]t¯gmw -kqàw IpinI ku`-c³ AYhm cm{Xn `mc-ZzmPn Ejn; 8 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w Kmb{Xn; cm{Xn tZhX kpµ-cnbpw kzmK-XmÀl-bp-amb Dj-Ên-\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸« F®-aä kqà-§Ä¡p hncp-²-ambn cm{Xn EtKz-Z-¯n Cu Hcp kqà-¯nte sImm-S-s¸-«p-Im-Wp-¶p-Åq. ChnsS cm{Xn hÀWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv Cu IrXnbn ]e-t¸mgpw ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-«-t]mse `oI-chpw Acq-]-hp-amb Ccp-«-Ã, Xtâ-Xmb kuµ-cy-§-fpÅ \£{Xm-e- ¦r-X-amb \nio-Yn-\n-bm-Wv. 1. cm{Xo hyJy-Zm-bXo ]pcp{Xm tZhy-£`nx hnizm A[n {intbm-[nX cm{Xo tZho BbXo cm{Xo-tZhn ChnsS h¶v A£`nx ]pcp{Xm hn AJyXv Xsâ- I-®p-IÄsImv ]teS-§-fnepw t\m¡p¶p. hnizm {inbx A[n A[nX AhÄ FÃm kuµ-cy-§fpw kzbw [cn-¡p¶p. 2. HmÀh{]m AaÀ¯ym \nhtXm tZhyp-ZyXx tPymXnjm _m[tX Xax AaÀ¯ym tZhn Dcp AaÀ¯y-bmb tZhn hnim-e-am-b (-A-´-co£s¯) \nhXx DZvhXx Xax B A{]mx Bg-§-fnepw Hu¶-Xy-§-fnepw \nd-bv¡p¶p; tPymXnjm _m[tX AhÄ {]Im-iw-sImv Ccp-«ns\ XpS¨p-\o-¡p-¶p. 3. \ncp- kz-km-c-akvIrtXmjkw tZhym-bXo At]Zp lmk-tX -Xax kzkmcw Djkw \nx AIrX D AhÄ ktlm-Z-cn-bmb Dj-Êns\ ]pd-¯m-¡n. BbXo Xax A] CXv lmktX D AhÄ ChnsS hcnIbpw Ccp-«v am-ªp-t]m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. 4. km t\m Aky bkym hbw \n tX bma-¶-hn-£valn hrt£ \ hkXnw hbx km AZy \x \o C¶p R§Ä¡p-thn (ChnsS D-mbm-epw)! bkymx- tX bm-a³ hbw hrt£ \nsâ -bm-{X-bn R§Ä ac-¯nse hkXnw hbx \ \n Ahn-£valn Iq«n ]£n-I-sf-¶-t]mse IpSn-tb-dp¶p. 5. \n {Kmamtkm Ahn-£X \n ]Zzt´m \n ]£nWx \nx tiy\m-k-Ýn-ZÀYn\x {Kmamkx \n ]Zz´x \n ]£nWx \n Ahn-£X Ae-ªp\-S-¡p¶ kwL-§fpw ImÂ\-S-¡mcmb (a-\p -jy)-cpw ]£n-Ifpw In-S¡p¶p; AÀYn\x tiy\mkx NnXv \n thK-¯n ]d-¡p¶ ]cp-´pIÄt]mepw (InS¡p¶p). 6. bmhbm hrIyw hrIw bh-b- kvtX\aqÀtay AYm \x kpXcm `h DuÀtay hrIyw hrIw bhb cm{Xo! s]¬sN-¶m-b-sbbpw (B¬)sN¶m-b-sbbpw AI-än-\nÀ¯n-bmepw! kvtX\w bhb IÅ-·m-sc- A-I-än-\nÀ¯n-bmepw! AY \x kpXcm `h ]n¶oSv R§sf kpJ-ambn I-S¡mdm-¡n-bmepw! 7. D] am t]]n-iXv Xax IrjvWw hyà-a-ØnX Dj EtWh bmXb t]]n-iXv IrjvWw hyàw ]qÀWm-e-¦r-Xhpw Idp-¯Xpw taemsI (\£-{X-§Ä) ]qin-bXpamb Xax am D] AØnX Ccp«v Fs¶ kao-]n-¨p. Djx EWm Ch bmXb DjtÊ! CXp IS-§ÄI-Ws¡ ho«n-bmepw! 8. D] tX Km Chm-Icw hrWojz Zpln-XÀZnhx cm{Xn kvtXmaw \ PnKyptj Kmx Ch D] B AIcw Rm³ ]ip-¡sf (sXmgp-¯n)tes¡-¶-t]m-se, (Cu kqàw) \nsâ-t\sc Ab¡p-¶p. Znhx ZplnXx cm{Xn PnKyptj tX kzÀK-]p{Xo! cm{Xo! hnPbnbmb \n\-¡pÅ kvtXmaw \ hrWojz kvXpXn-Km-\w-t]mse (AXv) hcn¨mepw! ]¯mw aWvU-ew, \qäncp]s¯m³]Xmw -kqàw {]Pm-]Xn ]c-tajvTo Ejn; 7 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w {XnjvSp¸v; ]c-am-ßmhv tZhX EtKz-Z-¯n-se- G-ähpw {]i-kvXhpw `mc-Xob{]]-©-imkv{Xs¯Êw-_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw Gähpw {][m-\hp- amWv krjvSn-kqàsa¶p {]kn-²-amb Cu ]Zy-k-]vX-Iw. t\cn«p Imcy-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-I-bà ChnsS sN¿p-¶- Xv. adn-¨v, Hgn-ªp-am-dp-Itbm [z\n-¸n-¡p-I-tbm- sN-¿p¶ coXn-bmWv Ihn ssIs¡m-n«p-Å-Xv. AXn-\m kqà- ¯n\p ]e Xcw hymJym-\-§Ä hcnI kzm`m-hn-Iw. {]]-t©m-ev]-¯n-kq-à-am-sW-¦nepw CXv Hcp \nK-a-\hpw XcmsX kwi-b-§Ä Ah-ti-jn-¸n-¡p-I-bm-sW¶v Ah-km-\-]Zyw hyà-am-¡pw. H¶mw ]Zyw \ntj-[-§-tfm- sS- Xp-S-§p-¶p. BZn-bn kt¯m Akt¯m Øetam kzÀKtam Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. cmw ]Zy-hpw \ntj-[- ¯n¯s¶ XpS-§p-¶p. arXyp, Aar-Xyp, cm{Xn-bp-sSbpw ]I-en-sâbpw NnÓ-§Ä F¶n-h-bpsS \ntj-[¯nÂ. aq¶mw ]Zyw `uXnI-ambn H¶pw kw`-hn-¡p-¶n-sö AÀY-¯n\p aqÀ¨-Iq-«p-¶p. Ccp«p am{X-am-bn-cp¶p Ahn- sS. ap«-bpsS cq]-apÅ AXn\p "cq]w'- h-cp-¶-tX-bp-Åq. \men Nn´ B{K-ls¯ DZn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xmbn ]d-bp- ¶p. AXv ""BZn-a-ip¢''ambn tI{µo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. krjvSn-bpsS t{kmXÊv CX-t{X. A©mw ]Zy-¯n BWpw s]®psa¶ hn`-P-\-amWv: ip¢w [cn-¡p-¶-hcpw lhnÊpw BWn-s\bpw aln-a-IÄ (KÀ`w, kzX-t{´-Ñ) s]®n- s\bpw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶p. ]t£, tZh-·mcpw {]]-©-kr-jvSyp-ev]¯n Adn-bp-¶n-à (6). taÂt\m-«-¡m-c³ Dtm CÃtbm F¶Xp-Xs¶ {]iv\-am-Wv. Ds-¦n Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p F¶p kqN\ (7). Npcp-¡-¯n krjvSn-c-lkyw \½psS Nn´bv¡p hnSp-¶p. 1. \mk-Zm-kot¶m kZm-ko-¯-Zm\ow \mkoZv ctPm t\m thymam ]tcm bXv Inam-h-cohx Ipl Iky iÀaþ ¶w`x Inam-koZv Kl\w K`ocw XZm\ow AkZv \ BkoZv t\m kZv BkoXv At¸mÄ Akt¯m kt¯m Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. cPx \ BkoZv bXv ]cx- thyma t\m hmbp-a-WvU-etam A¸p-d-apÅ kzÀKtam Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Inw B Ah-cohx Ipl Iky iÀa³ F´mWv ]n³t]m«pw ap³t]m«pw \o§n-bXv? Fhn-sS-\n¶v? BcpsS kwc£-W-¯nÂ? 2. \ arXyp-cm-ko-Z-arXw \ XÀln \ cm{Xym AÓ BkoXv {]tIXx B\o-Z-hmXw kz[bm XtZ-Iw Xkvam-²m\y¶ ]cx InwN-\mk arXyx \ BkoZv AarXw \ XÀln At¸mÄ arXypthm Aar-Xypthm Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. cm{Xymx AÓx {]tI-Xx \ BkoXv cm{Xn-bp-sStbm ]I-en-sâtbm e£-W-ap-m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. XZv GIw kz[bm AhmXw B\oXv B H¶v kzX-{´-iàn-sImv hmbp-hn-ÃmsX izkn-¨p. XkvamZv l A\yXv Inw N\ ]cx Bk AXn-¶-¸pdw H¶pw Dm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. 3. Xa BkoXv Xakm Kqfvl-aþ t{K{]tIXw kenew kÀham CZw XptÑy-\m-`z-]n-lnXw bZm-koþ ¯]-k-kvX-·-ln\mPmb-ssXIw At{K Xax Xakm Kqfvlw BkoXv BZn-bn Ccp«v Ccp-«n\m Hfn-¸-¡-s¸-«p-sIm-mWv Dm-bn-cp-¶-Xv. CZw kÀhw A{]-tIXw ken-ew Bx CsXÃmw e£-W-anÃm¯ shÅw (kap-{Zw) B-bn-cp-¶p. bZv B`p XptÑy\ A]n-lnXw Dm-bn-cp-¶Xv iq\y-X-bn Hfn-¸n-¡-s¸« H¶m-Wv. GIw XZv BkoXv B Ht¶ Dm-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. aln\m X]kx APm-bX al-¯mb X]-ÊnÂ\n¶pmbXv. 4. Ima-kvX-Zt{K ka-hÀ¯-Xm[n a\tkm tcXx {]Yaw bZm-koXv ktXm _Ôp-a-kXn \nc-hn-µ-Z³ lrZn {]Xo-jym-I-htbm a\ojm At{K a\kx A[n Imax BZn-bn a\-ÊnÂ\n-¶p-mb B{Klw {]Yaw tcXx kw AhÀ¯X BZys¯ ip¢-cq-]-¯n hÀ¯n-¨p. Ihbx a\ojm lrZn {]Xojy Ihn-IÄ {]tNm-Zn-X-Nn-´bn-eqsS X§-fpsS lrZ-b-¯n- At\z-jn-¨p -sImv bZv AkXn kXx _Ôpw BkoXv XZv \nx A-hn-µ Ak¯n k¯nsâ _Ôapm-bn-cp-¶Xv Is-¯n. 5. Xnc-Ýot\m hnXtXm civan-tcjmþ a[ kznZm-ko-Zp-]cn kznZm-koXv tctXm[m Bk·ln-am\ Bk³ kz[m Ah-kvXmXv {]bXnx ]c-kvXmXv Gjmw civanx Xnc-Ýo\x hnXXx Ch-bpsS IbÀ IpdpsI ]c-¶p-In-S-¡p¶p A[ kznZv BkoXv Iosg Fs´-¦nepw Dm-bn-cp-¶pthm? D]cn kznXv BkoXv tase hÃXpw Dm-bn-cp-¶pthm? tctXm[mx Bk³ aln-am\x Bk³ _oPw ]mIp-¶-hcpw aln-a-Ifpw Dm-bn-cp-¶p. kz[m Ah-kvXmXv {]bXnx ]c-kvXmXv kzX-t{´Ñ Xmsgbpw lhnÊp apI-fnepw Dm-bn-cp-¶p. 6. tIm A²m thZ I Cl {] thm-NXv IpX BPmXm IpX Cbw hnkrjvSnx AÀhmKv tZhm Aky hnkÀPt\þ \mYm tIm thZ bY B_`qh Ix A²m thZ Ix Cl {] thmNXv Bcv icn¡v Adnbp¶p? BcmWvv ChnsS AXp ]dbpI? Cbw hnkrjvSnx IpXx IpXx BPmXm Cu krjnSn FhnsS-\n¶v? Fhn-sS-\n¶p h¶p? tZhmx Aky hnkÀP-t\\ AÀhmIv tZh-·mÀ Cu (tem-I¯n-sâ) krjvSn-bpsS Cu hi-¯m-Wv. AY bXx B_-`qh Ix thZ AXp-sImv CXp h¶-sX-hn-sS-\n¶v Bc-dn-bp¶p? 7. Cbw hnkr-jvSnÀbX B_-`qh bZn hm Zt[ bZn hm \ tbm Akym-[y£x ]cta thyma³ tkm AwK thZ bZn hm \ thZ Cbw hnkrjvSnx bXx B_-`qh Cu krjvSn Fhn-sS-\n¶p h¶p? bZn hm Zt[ bZn hm \ CXv Dm-¡-s¸«tXm AÃtbm? Aky bx A[y-£x ]cta thyma³ Cu (temI)¯nsâ taÂt\m-«-¡m-c\mb -A-Xyp-¶-X-kzÀKw AwK kx thZ bZn hm \ thZ XoÀ¨-bmbpw CX-dnbpw; AsÃ-¦n Adn-bn-Ã. þþ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þþ Cu kqà-¯nsâ tZh-X -kr-jvSn-bm-sW¶ A`n-{]m-b-ap-Å-h-cp-ap-v. krjvSn-kq-à-am-WtÃm CXv. ]¯mw aWvU-ew, \qän\m¸¯©mw -kqàw C{µmWn EjnI; 6 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w A\p-ãp¸v (]wàn 6 Hgn-sI); k]-Xv\o-_m-[\w tZhX (k]-Xv\o-_m-[-t\m-]-\n-j¯v) C{µm-Wn-bp-tS-Xm-Wv Cu kqà-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Hcp kv{Xo `À¯m-hnsâ ASp¸w t\Sp-¶-Xn\v k]- Xv\ns¡Xn-sc Bhm-l\w \S-¯p-¶p. bÚhpw a{´hmZhpw t]mepÅ {]hÀ¯-\hpw hmMva-b-amb a{´-{]- tbm-Khpw ImWmw. h{àn ^e-kn-²n-bpÅ kkyw Ipgn-¨n-Sp¶p (1-þ2). B kkyw `À¯m-hn {]tbm-Kn-¡p¶p (6). k]-Xv\n-¡p-ta Xsâ- hn-Pbw Bß-hn-izm-k-t¯m-Sp-IqSn {]Jym-]n-¡p¶p (3-þ5). 1. Camw J\m-taym-j[ow hocp[w _e-h-¯amw bbm k]Xv\ow _m[tX bbm kwhn-µtX ]Xnw _e-h-¯amw hocp[w Gähpw _e-apÅ apf-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Camw Hmj[ow J\man Cu sNSn Rm³ ]dn-s¨-Sp-¡p-¶p. bbm- k-]Xv\ow _m[tX CXp-sImv k]-Xv\nsb XpS-¨p\o-¡p-¶p. bbm ]Xnw kwhn-µtX CXp-sImv `À¯m-hn-s\- Xn-I¨pw kz´-am-¡p-¶p. sNSn þ ]mS-h-Ån. ]mS-hÅn ]dn-¡m³ sNmÃp-¶-XmWo ]Zyw. 2. D¯m-\-]ÀtW kp`tK tZh-PqtX kl-kzXn k]Xv\ow ta ]cm [a ]Xnw ta tIhew Ipcp D¯m-\-]ÀtW kp`tK aeÀ¶ Ce-IfpÅ kpµco! tZh-PqtX kl-kzXn tZh-·m-cm t{]cn-¸n-¡-s¸-«-htf! hnP-b-i-àn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-htf! ta k]Xv\ow ]cm [a Fsâ -k-]-Xv\nsb DuXnbI-än-bmepw! ta ]Xnw tIhew Ipcp Fsâ -`À¯m-hn-s\- F\n¡p kz-´am-¡n-bmepw! Cu ]Zyw-sImp hÅnsb hnfn-¡p-Ibpw Xsâ Bhiyw ]d-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. 3. D¯-cm-l-ap-¯c D¯-tc-Zp-¯-cm`yx AYm k]Xv\o bm aam[cm km[-cm`yx D¯tc Alw D¯cm IqSp-X DbÀ¶-htf! Rm\mWv IqSp-X DbÀ¶-hfmbn-¯o-c-Ww. D¯-cm`yx D¯cm CXv DbÀ¶-h-tc-¡mÄ DbÀ¶-hÄXs¶bmh-Ww. AY aa bm k]Xv\o ]t£, Fsâ k]-Xv\n-bp--tÃm, km A[-cm`yx A[cm AhÄ XmW-h-tc-¡mÄ Gsd XmWhfmhs«! Xm³ k]-Xv\n-tb-¡mÄ tase-bm-sW¶pw AhÄ Xt¶-¡mÄ F{Xtbm Xmsg-bm-sW¶papÅ Bß-hn- izmkw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-XmWo ]Zyw. 4. \lykym \ma Kr`vWman t\m Akvan³ catX Pt\ ]cm-tah ]cm-hXw k]Xv\ow Ka-bm-akn Akymx \ma \ln Kr`vWman Ah-fpsStbm t\m Akvan³ Pt\ catX AhÄ c-an-¡p-¶-h-(`À¯m-hn)sâtbm t]cv Rm³ D¨-cn-¡p-I-bn-Ã. k]Xv\ow ]cmw ]cm-hXw Gh Ka-bm-akn Rm³ Fsâ k-]-Xv\nsb Gähpw Zqtc¡pw Zqsc t]mIm-dm -¡p¶p. Cu ]Zy-¯n Xm³ sN¿m³ t]mIp¶ Imcyw ]I-tbmsS Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. 5. Al-akvan kl-am-\m-Y- Xz-akn kmklnx Dt` kl-kzXo `qXzo k]Xv\ow ta klm-hssl Alw kl-am\m Akvan Rm³ hnPbw t\Sp¶p; AY Xzw kklnx Akn \o(sN-Sn)bpw hnP-bn-bm-Ip-¶p. Dt` kl-kzXo `qXzo Ccp-hcpw hnP-b-i-àn-bp-Å-h-cmbn ta k]Xv\ow klm-hssl \ap¡v Fsâ- k-]-Xv\n-bp-sS -ta hnPbw hcn-¡mw. k]-Xv\o-_m-[-\-am-{K-ln-¡p¶ Xm\pw AXnsâ D]-I-c-W-amb ]mS-h-Ånbpw X§-fpsS {]XnÚ sN¿p-I- bmWo ]Zy-¯nÂ. 6. D] tX[mw kl-am\mþ a`n Xzm[mw klo-bkm ama\p {] tX at\m hÕw Kucnh [mhXp ]Ym hmcnh [mhXp tX kl-am\mw D] A[mw Rm³ \n(`À¯m-hn)sâ-ta hnPbw t\Sp¶ (sNSn) sh¡p¶p; klo-bkm Xzm A`n A[mw IqSp-X hnP-bn-bmb Rm³ \ns¶ ]nSn-¨p-\nÀ¯p¶p. tX a\x Kux hÕw Ch \nsâ a-\Êv ]ip I¶p-Ip-«n-sbsb¶-t]m-sebpw ]Ym hmx Ch Xsâ hgn-bn-eqsS shÅ-sa-¶-t]m-sebpw amw A\p [mhXp {] [mhXp Fsâ- ]n-¶mse HmSs«! th-t]mse HmSs«! Cu ]Zy-¯n `À¯r-kv]Àihpw Benw-K-\hpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. ChnsS, Pohm-ßm-hn\p kZzm-k-\, ZpÀhm-k\ F¶p cp `mcy-am-cp-s¶pw AXn kZzm-k\ ZpÀhm-k-\bmb k]-Xv\nsb Pbn-¡m³ ]mS-h- Ånsb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ {]Xo-I-ambn k¦-ev]n¨v Pohm-ß-]-c-am-ssßIyw km[n-¡p¶ cq]-¯n-epÅ Hcm-[ym- ßn-ImÀYhpw H. Fw. kn. ChnsS ImWp-¶p-v. Cu kqà-¯n-\p-ap-gp-h³ Cu B[ym-ßn-ImÀYw ]d-bm³ Ign- bptam F¶p Nn´n-¡p-¶Xv ck-I-c-am-bn-cn-¡pw. ""Cu kqàw sNmtÃ-Xp kv{Xobm-I-bm kv{XoIÄ¡p thZm-[n-Im-c-an-sö aqV-hmZw \ncm-Ir-X-hp-am- bn-cn-¡p¶p'' F¶v H. Fw. kn. Fgp-Xp-¶p. Cu \nco-£Ww thZ-c-N-\m-Im-e¯v icn-bm-bn-cn-¡mw. ]t£, NmXpÀhÀWyhpw AXnsâ hnI-kn-X-cq-]-amb PmXnhyhØbpw PmXyp-]-Pm-Xyp-¨-\o-N-Xz-§ÄsImp Noªp- \m-dnb ]n¡m-e-§-fn Cu hmZ-¯n\p hà hne-bp-ap-m-bn-cn-¡ptam F¶p Rm³ kwi-bn-¡p-¶p. F´n- t\sd? H. Fw. kn. t]mepw kwkvIr-X-¯n kmam-\y-]-cn-Úm-\hpw thZ-`-àn-bp-apÅ {ioaXn H. Fw. kn. t]mepw `À¯rap-J-¯p-\n¶v thZ-hnhÀ¯\¯nse ]e -`m-K-§fpw tIÄ¡p-I-b-ÃmsX, ]mc-¼-cy-hn-izm-k- ¯mÂ, hmbn-¨n-«nsöp tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-¡m-Wp¶ ØnXn¡v CXp tIhew "aqV-hmZ'asöpw cqV-aq-e-amb ]mc-¼-cy-hn-izm-km-[n-jvTn-X-am-sW¶pw hyà-am-W-tÃm. ]t£, CXp amdn-h-cp-¶p-s-¶Xv Hcp bmYmÀYy-am-Wv. ]¯mw aWvU-ew, \qän\m¸¯mdmw -kqàw tZh-ap\n sFc-½-Z³ Ejn; 6 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w A\p-ãp¸v; Ac-Wym\n tZhX at\m-l-chpw hnfn-¨p-h-cp-¯p-¶-Xp-amb Cu kqàw Ac-Wy-tZ-h-X-bv¡mWv kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ImSpw \mSpw ( a\p-jy-hm-k-Øm-\w) X½n-epÅ sshcp[yw ]n¡m-e-`m-c-Xo-b-km-ln-Xy-¯nÂ, hnti-jn-¨v, Nn{Xo-I-cn- ¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. CXmWv Cu kqà-¯nse {]ta-bw. H¶mw ]Zy-¯n AhÄ apt¶m-«p- t]m-Ip-t¼mÄ tIÄ¡p¶ A]-cn-Nn-X-i_vZ§fpw A]-cn-Nn-X-ar-K-§fpw cmw ]Zy-¯n IqSp-X hyà-am-hp-¶p. 3þ4- ]-Zy- §-fn Ihn Xs¶ cm{Xn-bm-hp-¶-tXmsS h\y-X-bn Hä-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw hoSn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ t_m[w hcp-¶Xpw `oj-W-X-bpsS A´-co£w krjvSn-¡p-¶p. ]ip-¡Ä Däp-t\m-¡p-¶Xpw Ip\n-bp-¶-Xpw, hndIp s]dp-¡m³ h¶-hcpw hn-bpsS IS-I-S-i-_vZhpw AXns\ A[n-I-am-¡p-¶p. Cu B\-µ-I-c-am-b -Bß-h-©\, ]t£, Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ah-km-\s¯ cp ]Zy-§Ä Ac-Wym-\nsb kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. ]t£, Chbpw \ntj-[m-ß- Ihpw kzev]w t]Sn IeÀ¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. Ahsf At§m«m{I-an-¨n-sÃ-¦n Bscbpw D]-{Z-hn-¡p-I-bn-sÃ-¶Xv Hcm-izmkw! kvXpXn-bpsS hn[ym-ß-I-`mKw XpSÀ¶p hcp-¶p. 1. Ac-Wym-\y-c-Wym-\yku bm t{]h \iykn IYm {Kmaw \ ]rÑkn \ Xzm `ocnh hnµXn Ac-Wym\n Ac-Wym\n Ac-Wy-tZ-htX! Ac-Wy-tZ-htX! bm Aku {] Ch \iykn \n\¡p ap³t]m-«pÅ KXn \jvS-s¸-Sp¶p-sh¶p tXm¶p-¶p. IYm {Kmaw \ ]rÑkn F´p-sImv \o {Kma-s¯ tNmZn¡p-¶nÃ? Xzm `ox Ch \ hnµXn \n\¡v t]-Sn-t]mse tXm¶p¶n-tÃ? 2. hrjm-c-hmb hZtX bZp-]m-hXn Nn¨nIx BLm-Sn`n-cnh [mh-b¶c-Wym-\nÀa-lo-btX bXv Nn¨nIx hrj-c-hmb hZtX a-®-« ImfbpsS ap{I-bn-S-ens\ A\p-I-cn-¨p-sImv- ag s]¿p-t¼mse i_vZn¡p¶ XhftbmSp kwkm-cn-¡pt¼mÄ, BLmSn`nx D]m-hXn [mh-b³ Ch Ce-¯mfw sIm«p-¶-Xn\n-S-bn `b-¦-c-i_vZw ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn-¡p-¶-h-s\ -t¸m-se, Ac-Wym\nx alo-btX Ac-Wy-tZ-hX Xsâ alna {]ZÀin¸n-¡p¶p 3. DX Kmh Chm-Z-´ypX thivtah ZriytX DtXm Ac-Wym\nx kmbw iI-So-cnh kÀPXn DX Kmhx AZ´n Ch ]ip-¡Ä Xn¶p-¶Xp-t]m-sebpw DX thiva ZriytX Ch hoSp ImW-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-t]m-sebpw DtXm iISox kÀPXn Ch (Im-f)-hn IS-I-S-i-_vZ-ap-m¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-bp-amWv Ac-Wym\nx kmbw Ac-Wy-tZ-hX A´n Nmbp-t¼mÄ. 4. Kmaw-ssKj Blz-bXn ZmÀhw-ssKtjm A]m-h-[oXv hk-¶-c-Wym\ymw kmb-a-{Ip-£-ZnXn a\ytX AwK Gjx Kmw B- lz-bXn FtSm! -H-cmÄ Xsâ ]ipsh hnfn-¡p-¶p; Gjx Zmcp A] Ah-[oXv H-cmÄ hndIp Iodp-¶p. AwK kmbw Ac-Wym\ymw hk³ F¶m kÔybv¡v Ac-Wy-tZ-h-X-tbm-sSm¸w \n¡p-t¼mÄ, A{Ip-£Xv CXn a\ytX Ft´m \ne-hn-fn-¡p-¶p-sh¶p tXm¶p-¶p. 5. \ hm Ac-Wym-\nÀl-´y-\y-tÝ-¶m-`n-K-ÑXn kztZmx ^eky PKv[zmb bYm-Imaw \n ]-ZytX A\yx \ A`n-K-ÑXn asäm-cmÄ B{I-an¡p-¶n-sÃ-¦n Ac-Wym\nx \ ssh l´n CXv Ac-Wy-tZ-hX, k-Xy-¯nÂ, sImÃp-I-bn-Ã-Xs¶. kzmtZmx ^eky PKv[zmb a[pc-apÅ ]gw Xn¶p-sImv bYm-Imaw \n ]ZytX N btYjvSw \S-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. 6. BRvP-\-K-Ônw- kp-c`nw _lz-¶m-a-Ir-jo-hemw {]mlw arKmWmw amXcac-Wym-\n-a-iw-knjw BRvP-\-KÔnw kpc`nw Ipg-¼p-IfpsS kpKÔ-ap-Å-hfpw _lz¶mw AIr-jo-hemw [mcmfw `£Ww Xcp-¶-hfpw Irjn sN-¿m-¯-h-fpw arKmWmw amXcw Ac-Wym\nw h\y-ar-K-§-fpsS A½-bpamWv Ac-Wy-tZ-h-Xsb¶p Alw {] Aiw-knjw Rm³ {]Jym-]n-¨ncn-¡p¶p. ]¯mw aWvU-ew, \qädp]¯ncmw -kqàw ct£m-lmhv {_mÒ³ Ejn; 6 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w A-\p-jvSp¸v; KÀ`-c-£Ww tZhX Cu hiy-{]-tbmKw KÀ`-c-£-W-¯nepw {]k-hm-\-´-chpw Dm-Imhp¶ A]-I-S-§Ä AYhm {`qW-¯n- \p-m-tb-¡m-hp¶ D]-{Z-h-§Ä kw_-Ôn-¨p-Åh-bm-Wv. KÀ`-¯nse hnhn-[-L-«-§Ä aq¶mw ]Zy-¯n hnh- cn-¡p-¶p. 4þ6 ]Zy-§-fn {`qW-¯n IS-¶p-IqSn D]-{Z-h-ap-m-¡p¶ {Klm-Zn-Isf {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. A©n ktlm-Z-c-\mtbm `À¯m-hmtbm Imap-I-\mtbm apJw-aqSn [cn-¨pw- aäpw h¶v KÀ`n-Wnsb _m[n-¡p¶ sR«n- ¡p¶ Nn{Xw ImWmw. 1. {_Ò-Wmánx kwhn-Zmt\m ct£mlm _m[-Xm-anXx Aaohm bkvtX KÀ`w ZpÀWmam tbm\n-am-itb {_ÒWm kwhn-Zm\x ct£m-lm- Aánx ]hn-{X-a-{´-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« ct£m-\m-i-I-\mb Aán bx tX tbm\nw KÀ`w Bitb \nsâ -tbm-\n-bn \nsâ {`qW-¯n InS-¡p¶ ZpÀWmam Aaohm CXx _m[Xmw Zpjvt]-cpÅ tcmKs¯ Chn-sS-\n¶v B«n-tbm-Sn-¡-s«! 2. bkvtX KÀ`aaohm ZpÀWmam tbm\n-am-itb AánjvSw {_ÒWm kl \njv{I-hym-Z-a-\o-\-iXv bx tX tbm\nw KÀ`w Bitb ZpÀWmam Aaohm \nsâ tbm-\n-bn \nsâ {`qW-¯n InS-¡p¶ Zpjvt]-cpÅ tcmKs¯ Aánx {_ÒWm kl {IhymZw Xw \nx A\o-\-iXv Aán ]hn-{X-a-{´-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Cd-¨n-¯o-\n-bmb AXns\ Xosc \in-¸n¡s«! 3. bkvtX l´n ]X-b-´w -\n-jÕv\pw bx kco-kr]w PmXw bkvtX PnLmw-kXn XantXm \mi-bm-akn bx \nkÕv\pw kco-kr]w ]X-b´w tX l´n hnX-bv¡-s¸«Xpw ]nS-bv¡p-¶Xpw ]d-¡p-¶-Xp-amb \nsâ KÀ`w \in-¸n-¡p-Ibpw bx tX PmXw bx PnLmw-kXn Xw \nsâ s]ä Ipªns\ sImÃm-\m-{K-ln-¡pIbpw sN¿p-¶-hs\ CXx \mi-bm-akn R§Ä Chn-sS-\n¶p \in-¸n¡p-¶p. 4. kvX Ducq hnl-c-Xy-´cm Z¼Xo itb tbm\nw tbm A´cmtcfvln XantXm \mi-bm-akn itb Z¼Xo A´cm H¸w InS-¡p¶ Z¼-Xn-IÄ¡n-S-bn bx tX Ducq hnl-cXn \nsâ- Xp-S-IÄ Hfn-ªp-t\m-¡p-Ibpw bx tbm\nw -A´x Btcfvln Xw \nsâ tbm\n-¡p-Ån \¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-hs\ CXx \mi-bm-akn Chn-sS-\n¶p R§Ä \in-¸n-¡p-¶p. 5. bkvXzm {`mXm ]XnÀ`qXzm Pmtcm- `q-Xzm- \n-]-ZytX {]Pmw bkvtX PnLmw-kXn XantXm \mi-bm-akn bx {`mXm `qXzm ]Xnx Pmcx `qXzm (a-Jw-aqSn [cn-¨v) ktlm-Zc-\mbpw `À¯m-hmbpw Imap-I-\mbpw Xzm \n]-ZytX \nsâ ASp-t¯¡p hcnIbpw bx tX {]Pmw PnLmw-kXn Xw \nsâ- Ip-ªns\ \in-¸n¡m³ t\m¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶-hs\ CXx \mi-bm-akn R§Ä Chn-sS-\n¶p \in-¸n-¡p-¶p. 6. bkvXzm kz]vt\\ Xakm taml-bnXzm \n]-ZytX {]Pmw bkvtX PnLmw-kXn XantXm \mi-bm-akn bx kz]vt\\ Xakm Dd-¡-¯n Ccp-«n Xzm taml-bnXzm \n]-Zy-tX \ns¶- a-b¡n \nsâ ASp-¯p -hcnIbpw bx tX {]Pmw PnLmw-kXn Xw \nsâ Ipªns\ sImÃm³ t\m¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶-hs\ CXx \mi-bm-akn Chn-sS-\n¶p R§Ä \in¸n¡p-¶p. ]¯mw aWvU-ew, \qädp]¯naq¶mw -kqàw hnhr-lmhv Imiy]³ Ejn; 6 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w A-\p-jvSp¸v; tcmK-im´n tZhX 10. 161 t]mse, Cu hiy-{]-tbmKw tcmKim´n-¡pÅ H¶m-Wv. _Ô-s¸« Hmtcm ico-cm-h-b-h-¯nÂ\n¶pw tcmKw amäp-¶-Xn-s\ -Hmtcm ]Zy-¯nepw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. 1. A£o`ymw tX \mkn-Im`ymw IÀWm`ymw Op_p-Im-Z[n b£vaw ioÀjWyw akvXn-jvIm-Ön-lzmbm hn hrlman tX tX A£o-`ymw \mkn-Im`ymw IÀWm`ymw \nsâ I-®p-Ifn \n¶pw aq¡n³Zzm-c-§-fnÂ\n¶pw ImXp-I -fnÂ\n¶pw Op_p-ImZv A[n a-kvXn-jvImXv XmSn-bnÂ\n¶pw akvXnjvI-¯nÂ\n¶pw Pnlzmbmx tX ioÀjWyw \mhnÂ\n¶pw \nsâ Xe-bnse b£vaw hn hrlman tcmKw Rm³ A-I-äp-¶p. 2. {Kohm-`ykvX DjvWn-lm`yx IoI-kmt`ym A\q-IymXv b£vaw tZmj-Wy-aw-km`ymw _mlp`ymw hn hrlman tX tX DjvWn-lm`yx {Kohm`yx \nsâ Rc-¼p-I-fnÂ\n-¶pw- ]p-dw-I-gp-¯nÂ\n¶pw IoI-km`yx A\q-IymXv AØn-I-fnÂ\n¶pw AØn-k-ÔnbnÂ\n¶pw Awkm`ymw _mlp`ymw tXmfp-I-fnÂ\n¶pw ssIIfnÂ\n¶pw tX tZmjWyw b£vaw hn hrlman \nsâ -ssI-bnse tcmKw Rm³ A-I-äp-¶p. 3. Bt{´-`ykvtX KpZm-t`ym- h-\njvtTm lrZ-bm-Z[n b£vaw aX-kv\m`ymw bIv\x ¹mint`ym hn hr-lman tX tX Bt{´`yx KpZm`yx sNdp-Ip-SÂR-c-¼p-I-fnÂ\n¶pw kam-\-hm-bp-[m-Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶pw h\njvtTmx lrZ-bmZv A[n s]cp-¦p-S-enÂ\n¶pw lrZ-b-¯nÂ\n¶pw aX-kv\m`ymw bIv\x hr¡-I-fnÂ\n¶pw bIr-¯nÂ\n¶pw ¹min`yx tX b£vaw hn hrlman izmk-tImiw apXm-b-hbnÂ\n¶pw \nsâ tcm-Ks¯ Rm³ A-I-äp-¶p. 4. Ducp`ymw tX AjvTo-hZv`ymw ]mÀjvWn`ymw {]]-Zm`ymw b£vaw t{imWn`ymw `mk-ZmZv `wktkm hn hrlman tX tX Ducp`ymw AjvTo-hZv`ymw \nsâ XpS-I-fnÂ\n¶pw ImÂap-«p-I-fnÂ\n¶pw ]mÀjvWn`ymw {]]-Zm`ymw Imep-I-fpsS ]n³`m-K-§fn \n¶pw Ime-Sn-I-fnÂ\n¶pw t{imWn`ymw `mk-ZmZv PL-\¯nÂ\n¶pw Ac-s¡«nÂ\n¶pw `wkkx tX b£vaw hn hrlman tim`-\-amb \nsâ (KpZ¯nÂ) \n¶pw \nsâ tcm-Kw Rm³ A-I-äp-¶p. 5. tal-\mZv h\w-I-c-WmtÃma-`ykvtX \tJ`yx b£vaw kÀh-kvam-ZmXva\kvXanZw hn hrlman tX tX h\w-I-c-WmXv tal-\mXv \nsâ \\-bv¡p¶ hrj-W¯nÂ\n¶pw tema`yx \tJ`yx kÀh-kvamXv Bß\x tcma-§-fnÂ\n¶pw \J-§-fÂ\n¶pw apgp-h³ ico-c-¯nÂ\n¶pw tX CZw Xw b£vaw hn hrlman \nsâ Cu tcmKw Rm³ A-I-äp-¶p. 6. AwKm-Zw-Km-tÃmavt\m temavt\m PmXw ]ÀhWn ]ÀhWn b£vaw kÀh-kvam-Zm-ß\kvXanZw hn hrlman tX tX AwKmZv AwKmZv temav\x temav\x \nsâ Hmtcm Ahb-h-¯nÂ\n¶pw Hmtcm tcma-¯nÂ\n¶pw kÀh-kvamZv Bß\x apgp-h³ ico-c-¯nÂ\n¶pw ]ÀhWn ]ÀhWn PmXw Ah-b-h-kÔn tXmdpw Dm-Ip¶ Xw CZw b£vaw hn hrlman \nsâ Cu tcmKw Rm³ A-I-äp-¶p. \qädp]¯n\memw -kqàw {]tN-XÊv BwKn-ck³ Ejn; 5 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w A-\p-jvSp¸v (1, 2, 4), {XnjvSp¸v 3, ]wàn 5 Hgn-sI); Zpxkz-]v\-im´n- tZhX Cu {lkz-kqàw A\yYm Adn-b-s¸-Sm¯ a\-Ênsâ {]`p-thmSv AIse amdm\pw Ipg-¸-§Äs¡Ãmw Imc-W-`q-X-bmb \ncr-Xn-tZ-hn-tbmSv kwkmcn-¡m\pw ]d-ªp-sImv XpS-§p-¶p. a\x{]`p AhÄ¡p a\p-jy- cp-sS- Nn-´-I-fpsS Nne amXr-I-IÄ \ÂIp-¶p (2). Cu am-Xr-I-IÄ \ncp-]-{Z-h-amb Bß-am-b-IÄ am{X-am- sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. Ah-bm-Is« FÃmw X§Ä¡p \à \ne-bn kw`-hn-¡p-¶p-sh¶ {]Xo-Xn-bp-f-hm-¡p-¶-h- b-t{X. ]t£, 4þ5 ]Zy-§-fn hm¡n Xmc-X-tay\ \ncp-]{Zhsa-¦nepw {]hr-¯n -sImv h©-\-bm-sW¶v {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. {_ÒW-kv]-Xn-bmb C{µ-\pÄs¸sSbpÅ tZh-·m-tcmSv Cu Ipä§fnÂ\n¶p X§sf AI-än- \nÀ¯m³ A`yÀYn-¡p-¶p. Ah-sbm-s¡ -X-§-fpsS i{Xp-¡-fpsS ASp-t¯¡p t]mIs« F¶pw {]mÀYn-¡p- ¶p. A§s\ Cu kqà¯nsâ GIo-Ir-X-{]-tabw D]-{Z-h-I-ctam AÃm-¯tXm t_m[-]qÀhtam At_m-[- ]qÀhtam cptam Bb am\-kn-Itam hmNn-Itam Bb GXp-Xcw IÀa-s¯bpw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. 1. At]ln a\-k-kv]tX] {Ima ]c-Ýc ]tcm \ncrXym B N£z _lp[m Poh-tXm -a\x a\kx ]tX A] Cln A] {Ia a\x-{]t`m! Zqsc t]mbmepw! Zqsc \S-¶mepw! ]cx- Nc ]cx \ncrssXy B N£z hfsc Zqtc¡p \o§nbmepw! Zqsc F¯n \ncr-XntbmSp ]d-ªmepw: PohXx a\x _lp[m ""Pohn-X-¯nsâ Nn´- ]eXc¯nÂ. 2. `{Zw ssh hcw hrWtX `{Zw bpRvP´n Z£nWw `{Zw sshh-kztX N£pÀ_-lp{Xm Poh-tXm- a\x `{Zw ssh a\x hrWtX `mKy-s¯-bmWv Ah hcn-¡p-¶Xv; Z£nWw `{Zw bpRvP´n he-t¯-Xns\ `mKy-ambn \pI¯n sI-«p-¶p. sshh-kztX `{Zw N£px sshh-kz-X(-b-a = arXyp)-hn-j-b¯n Rm³ `mKy¯n\p {]mÀYn-¡p-¶p. _lp{Xm PohXx a\x ]e Xe-§-fn-emWv Pohn-¡p-¶-hsâ Nn´. 3. bZm-ikm \nxi-km-`n-i-tkm-]m-cna Pm{KtXm bXv kz]´x A-ánÀhn-izm-\y] ZpjvIrXm\yPp-jvSm-\ymtc AkvaZv Z[mXp bZv Pm{K-Xx kz]Xx R§Ä DW-cp-t¼mtgm Dd-§p-t¼mtgm bZv Bikm \nxikm A`n-ikm D-]m-cna {]Xo-£-bmtem Ipä-¯mtem im]-¯mtem F¯nbXv þ ZpjvIr-Xm\n APp-jvSm\n hnizm\n sXämbn sNbvXXpw kt´m-j-I-c-a-Ãm-¯Xp-amb AsXÃmw Aánx AkvamZv Btc A] Z[mXp Aán R§-fnÂ\n¶v AIse \nÀ¯s«! 4. bZn{µ {_Ò-W-kv]tX`nt{Zmlw Ncm-akn {]tNXm \ BwKn-ctkm ZznjXmw ]mXzw-lkm {_Ò-W-kv]tX C{µ ]hn-{X-a-{´-{]-`p-hmb C{µm! bZv A`n-t{Zmlw Ncm-akn R§Ä NXn sNbvXn-«p-s-¦n {]tNXmx BwKn-ckx \x hI-Xn-cn-hpÅ BwKn-c-k³ R§sf ZznjXmw Awlkx ]mXp shdp-¡p-¶-h-cpsS k½ÀZ¯nÂ\n¶p c£n-¡s«! 5. AssP-jvam-Zym-k-\ma Nm`q-am-\m-Ktkm hbw Pm{K-Xv kz-]v\x k¦ev]x ]mt]mbw Zznjva-kvXw k EÑXp tbm t\m tZzjvSn Xar-ÑXp hbw AZy AssPjva Ak-\ma N R§Ä C¶p Iog-S-¡p-Ibpw t\Sp-Ibpw sN¿s«; A\m-Kkx A`qa R§Ä Ipäw sN¿m-¯-h-cm-hs«! kx Pm{KXvkz]v\x ]m]x k¦ev]x Cu DW-cp-t¼m-gs¯ Dd¡hpw (Znhm-kz-]v\w) Zpcp-t±-iyhpw bw Zznjvax Xw EÑXp R§Ä shdp-¡p-¶-h\n-te¡p t]mIs«! bx \x tZzjvSn Xw EÑXp R§sf shdp-¡p-¶-h-\n-te¡p t]mIs«! \qädp]¯mdmw -kqàw Ej-` -hn-cmP³ AYhm Ej` imIz-c³ Ejn; 5 ]Zy-§Ä; hr¯w A\pjvSp¸v (a-lm-]wàn 5 Hgn-sI); i{Xp-\m-i\w tZhX Gähpw B{Im-a-I-\mb Cu kqà-¯nsâ hàmhv Xsâ i{Xp-¡fn-t·epÅ hnPbhpw Ah-cpsS ISp¯ am\-`w-K-¯n-epÅ kwXr-]vXnbpw {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶p. Xsâ Im¡o-gn-e-aÀ¶ \ne-bm-W-hÀ¡v (2-þ5). 1. Ej`w am kam-\m\mw k]-Xv\m\mw hnjm-klnw l´mcw i{XqWmw Ir[n hncmPw tKm]Xnw Khmw k]-Xv\m\mw hnk-klnw Fsâ i{Xp-¡-fn-t·Â hym]-Iamb hnPbw t\Sn-b-h\pw i{XqWmw l´mcw i{Xp-¡sf XIÀ¯-h\pw Khmw tKm]Xnw hncmPw ]ip-¡-fpsS ]ip-]-Xn-bmbn hnim-eambn `cn-¡p-¶-h-\p-amb kam-\m\mw am Ej`w Ir[n F\n¡p ka-·m-cn Fs¶ Imf-bm-¡n-bmepw! 2. Al-akvan k]-Xv\-tl{µ Chm-cnjvtSm A£Xx A[x k]-Xv\m ta ]tZmcnta kÀth A[n-jvTnXmx C{µx Ch Alw k]-Xv\lm C{µ-s\-t¸mse Rm³ i{Xp¡sf l\n¨-h\pw AcnjvSx A£Xx Akvan D]-{Zhw sN¿m-¯-h\pw (BÀ¡pw) hg-§m-¯-h\pamIp-¶p. Cta kÀth k]Xv\mx Cu i{Xp-¡-sfÃmw ta ]tZmx A[x A`nØnXmx Fsâ -Im¡o-gn-emb ChscÃmw DbÀ¶p\n¡p-¶p. 3. Ass{Xh thm]n \-lymaypt` BÀXv\o Ch Pybm hmN-kv]tX \ntj-t[-am³ bYm -a-Z-[-cw- h-Zm³ A{X Gh hx Dt` BÀXv\o Chn-sS-¯s¶ Rm³ hnÃnsâ c-ähpw Pybm Ch A]n \lyman RmtWm-Sp-Iq-Sn-sb-¶-t]m-se, \n§sf sI«p-¶p. hmN-kv]tX Cam³ \n tk[ hmN-kv]tX! Chsc CXp sNbvXmepw! bYm aZv A[cw hZm³ AXp-sImv AhÀ F\n-¡p- Xm-sgbmbn kwkm-cn-¡p¶p. 4. A`n-`q-c-l-am-Kaw hniz-IÀtaW [mav\m B hÝn-¯am thm {hXam thmlw kanXnw ZtZ hniz-IÀtaW [mav\m Alw A`n`qx B AKmw hniz-IÀamhv ASn-¯-dbmbn Rm³ ChnsS apI-fn h¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. Alw hx Nn¯w hx {hXw B Rm³ \n§-fpsS a\-Êns\bpw at\m-K-X-s¯bpw \nb-a-s¯bpw hx kanXnw B B ZtZ \n§-fpsS k½n-fn-X-amb kJy-s¯bpw kzbw ssI¡-em-¡p-¶p. 5. tbmK-t£aw h BZm-bmlw `qbm-k-ap-¯a B thm aqÀ[m-\-a-{Iaow A[-kv]-Zm³ a DZv hZX aWvUqIm Cthm-Z-Im-·-WvUqIm DZ-Im-Znh hx tbmK-t£aw BZmb \n-§tfmSpÅ bp²hpw kam-[m\hpw GsäSp¯v Alw D¯ax `qbmkw Rm³ AXyp-¶-X-\m-bn-¯o-cp¶p. hx aqÀ[m\w B A{Iaow Rm³ \n§fpsS Xe-bn Nhn«n- \n¡p-¶p. ta A[x-]-ZmZv DZ-ImZv aWvUqImx Ch Fsâ Imen-\-SnbnÂ\n¶v, shÅ-¯nÂ\n¶p Xh-f-Isf-¶-t]m-se, DZ-ImZv aWvUqImx Ch DZv hZX shÅ-¯nÂ\n¶p Xhf-I-sf-¶-t]m-se, Ft¶mSv Dds¡ Icªmepw!