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British Birds VOLUME 83 NUMBER 11 NOVEMBER 1990

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British Birds VOLUME 83 NUMBER 11 NOVEMBER 1990 British Birds VOLUME 83 NUMBER 11 NOVEMBER 1990 Report on rare birds in Great Britain in 1989 Michael J. Rogers and the Rarities Committee with comments by C. D. R. Heard and R. A. Hume his is the Rarities Committee's thirty-second annual report, and for Tthe eighth consecutive year ZEISS West Germany has sponsored the Committee's work. We are very appreciative of this support, which enables us to continue to consider fully each individual record submitted, to publish this report in its familiar detailed format and to include within it so many photographs and drawings of rare birds. The interest in rarities continues to grow, and this is reflected in the Committee's increasing workload, so this most welcome financial assistance from ZEISS West Germany becomes more important annually. Rarities Committee membership is listed on the inside front cover each month, and on the back of the title page in each volume. Points of interest arising mainly from the Committee's annual meeting in April 1990 have been published already in 'Rarities Committee news and announcements' (Brit. Birds 83: 411-414). Details of the Committee's constitution and operation have been published in 'Rare birds: the work of the British Birds Rarities Committee' (Brit. Birds 80: 487-491) and are contained in a fact sheet, a copy of which may be obtained from the Secretary, Michael J. Rogers, whose address is at the end of this report. Also available from the Secretary is a list of the species considered by the Committee, and copies of the Rarities Committee Record Form, which should be used (or its format followed) when submitting reports. Please enclose a stamped addressed envelope of suitable size when requesting any of these items. All reports of species on the Committee's list should be sent to the Secretary or, in the case of a ringed rarity, to the BTO Ringing Office, both preferably via the appropriate county or regional recorder. [Brit, Bird, 83:439-496, November 1990] 439 440 Rare birds in Great Britain in 1989 1989 and earlier years The Committee has already processed 870 records for 1989, 81% of which have been accepted. A total of 316 records for 1989 and earlier years is still under consideration for various reasons. The Rarities Committee is currently engaged upon reviews of both past and pending records of black-headed Yellow Wagtails Motacilla flava feldegg, Citrine Wagtails M. citreola and Olivaceous Warblers Hippolais pallida. Of most interest to readers are those records which involve potential 'firsts' for Britain and Ireland or birds which have not been recorded here for at least 50 years and are thus candidates for upgrading from Category B to Category A of the British and Irish list. Such records in England, Scotland and Wales are considered, in turn, by the British Birds Rarities Committee and by the British Ornithologists' Union Records Committee. Those pre-1989 records with which the BBRC is currently involved concern Giant Petrel Macronectes halli/giganteus, White-chinned Petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis, Madeiran Petrel Oceanodroma castro, Matsudaira's Petrel 0. matsudairae, Ross's Goose Anser rossii, South Polar Skua Stercorarius maccormicki, Least Tern Sterna (albifrons) antillarum, Blyth's Pipit Anthus godlewskii, Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis and Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater. Excluding very old records which are under reconsideration, those pre-1989 records being investigated by the BOURC concern Yellow- nosed Albatross Diomedea chlororhynchos, Falcated Duck Anas falcata, Marbled Duck Marmaronetta angustirostris, Barrow's Goldeneye Bucephala islandica, White-headed Duck Oxyura leucocephala, Egyptian Nightjar Capri- mulgus aegyptius, Mottled Swift Apus aequinoctialis, Eastern Phoebe Sayornis phoebe, Cedar Waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum, Northern Mockingbird Mimus polyglottos, Daurian Redstart Phoenicurus auroreus, Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius, Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina, Two-barred Greenish Warbler Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus, Pallas's Rosefinch Carpodacus roseus, Chestnut Bunting Emberiza rutila, Painted Bunting Passerina ciris and Yellow-headed Blackbird Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus. Acknowledgments This report's accuracy and completeness, like the day-to-day work of the Rarities Committee, depend entirely upon the continued co-operation of individual observers and county and regional recorders, bird observatory wardens and reserve wardens and their committees. We thank them all most sincerely. We are grateful also to the Irish Rare Birds Committee and its secretary, Patrick Smiddy, for permission to include in the report all accepted records of rare birds in the Republic of Ireland, and for supplying the details which normally enable us to provide a complete review of all rare bird records and running totals for all rare species in the geographical unit of Britain and Ireland. This year, unfortunately, owing to the reorganisation of the Northern Ireland Bird Records Committee, there are no records in this report from Northern Ireland. It is hoped that they will be included together with the 1990 records next year. The Committee adjudicates Channel Islands rarity records and includes the accepted ones in this report, though not in the running totals, and we are grateful to Trevor Copp for liaising over these records. The Rarities Committee is indebted to many individuals and organisations for assistance during the past year. Once again, Mike Rogers has carried out the daunting task of compiling the report. The species comments have been written jointly by Rob Hume (non- passerines) and Chris Heard (passerines), and the running totals for each species have been compiled by Peter Fraser (non-passerines) and Dr John Ryan (passerines). The Seabirds Rare birds in Great Britain in 1989 441 Advisory Panel, whose members are Peter Colston, Bill Curtis, Jim Enticott, Steve Madge and Tony Marr, continued to provide the Committee with specialist advice, as have Per Alstrom, Peter Clement, Chris Feare, Lars Jonsson, Urban Olsson, Richard Porter and Lars Svensson. The BTO, the NCC, the Rare Breeding Birds Panel, the RSPB and the British Museum (Natural History) have liaised over various matters. Photographs and slides, whether or not of sufficient quality for publication, always greatly assist the record assessment process. We continue to encourage their submission along with the written record and thank all photographers who have sent us pictures of rarities, a selection of which enhances this report. We are grateful to those observers who included drawings of rarities in their record submissions. Field sketches, regardless of the level of artistic merit, are of great value to the Committee. The same cannot be said of finished paintings, unless accompanied by the draft fieldwork, as all drawings and paintings should be representations of the bird in question and not of the species in general. Some of the drawings submitted with records grace the pages of this report. PGL Systematic list of accepted records The principles and procedures followed in considering records were explained in the 1958 report (Brit Birds 53: 155-158). The systematic list is set out in the same way as in the 1988 report (82: 505-563). The following points show the basis on which the list has been compiled. (i) The details included for each record each species' name refer respectively to the are (1) county; (2) locality; (3) number of total number of individuals recorded in birds if more than one, and age and sex if Britain and Ireland (excluding those 'At known (in the case of spring and summer sea') (1) to the end of 1957, (2) for the period records, however, the age is normally given since the formation of the Rarities Commit­ only where the bird concerned was not in tee in 1958, but excluding (3) the current adult plumage); (4) if trapped or found dead year. The decision as to whether one or and where specimen is stored, if known; (5) more individuals was involved is often dif­ date(s); and (6) observer(s) up to three in ficult and rather arbitrary, but the consensus number, in alphabetical order. of members is indicated by 'possibly the (ii) In general, this report is confined to same' (counted as different in the totals), records which are regarded as certain, and 'probably the same' (counted as the same in 'probables' are not included. In the case of totals), or 'the same' when the evidence is the very similar Long-billed Limnodromus certain or overwhelming. An identical scolopaceus and Short-billed Dowitchers L. approach is applied to records of the same griseus, however, we are continuing to pub­ species recurring at the same locality after a lish indeterminate records, and this also lapse of time, including those which occur applies to observations of pratincoles Glar- annually at the same or a nearby site. In eola and of such difficult groups as albatros­ considering claims of more than one indi­ ses Diomedea and frigatebirds Fregata. vidual at the same or adjacent localities, the (iii) The sequence of species, English Committee usually requires firm evidence names and specific nomenclature follow The before more than one is counted in the 'British Birds' List of Birds of the Western Palearctw totals. A detailed breakdown of the figures (1984). Any sight records of subspecies for previous years is held by the Honorary (including those of birds trapped and re­ Secretary. leased) are normally referred to as 'showing (v) The world breeding range is given in the characters' of the race concerned. brackets at the beginning of each species (iv) The three numbers in brackets after comment. White-billed Diver Gavia adamsii (18, 109, 4) Humberside Flamborough Head, adult, 9th October (P. A. Lassey). Orkney Scapa Flow, adult, 6thJanuary (G. Christer, E.J. Williams). Shetland Whalsay, adult, since 1988 (Brit. Birds 82: 508) to 21st April, 18th November to 1990 (Dr B. Marshall et at.). Raewick, first-summer, 2nd June (P. M. Ellis, M. Mellor, M.
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