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Improving Education and Developing Skills for Economic Growth in Niger

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Improving Education and Developing Skills for Economic Growth in Niger 69946 3 Nov. 2011 Translation by: Burton Bollag, Washington DC ([email protected]) Public Disclosure Authorized Improving education and developing skills for economic growth in Niger July 2010 Africa Region Human Development Department The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Document of the World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized I ACRONYMS AENF Literacy and Non-Formal Education (Alphabétisation et Education Non Formelle) AFD French Development Agency (Agence Française pour le Développement) ANPE National Agency for Employment Promotion (Agence Nationale pour la Promotion de l’Emploi) APC Competency-Based Approach (Approche par Compétences) ASCN National Service Personnel (Appelés du Service Civique National) BEP Senior secondary vocational school diploma (Brevet d'études professionnelles) BEPC Junior high school diploma (Brevet d’Etudes du Premier Cycle) BIT (ILO) International Labor Organization (Bureau international du Travail) BT Technician certificate (Brevet Technique) BTS Advanced technician certificate (Brevet de Technicien Supérieur) CAP Vocational training certificate (Certificat d’Aptitude Professionnelle) CCAIAN Chamber of Commerce, Agriculture, Industry and Crafts of Niger (Chambre de Commerce, d’Agriculture, d’Industrie et d’Artisanat du Niger) CFA Apprenticeship Training Center (Centre de Formation par Apprentissage) CFDC Training and Community Development Centers (Centres de formation en Développement Communautaire) CFEPD Primary school completion certificate (Certificat de Fin d’Etudes du Premier Degré) CFPT Vocational and Technical Training Center (Centre de Formation Professionnelle et Technique) COGES School Management Committee (Comité de gestion des Etablissements Scolaires) COSEPFPT High Council for TVET (Conseil Supérieur de l’ETFPT) CNT Nigerian Labour Confederation (Confédération Nigérienne du Travail) CQP Certificate of Professional Qualificiations (Certificat de Qualifications Professionnelles) CWIQ Core Welfare Indicator Questionnaire DUT Technical university degree (Diplôme Universitaire de Technologie) ENBC National Survey on Household Spending and Consumption (Enquête Nationale sur le Budget et la Consommation des Ménages) ENS (Ecole Normale Supérieure -- An elite school of Abdou Moumouni University) EPA Public administration body (Etablissement Public à Caractère Administratif) EPT (EFA) Education for All (Education pour tous) EPAM Periodic Household Survey (Enquête Permanente auprès des Ménages) II ETFP(TVET) Technical and Vocational Education and Training (Enseignement Technique et Formation Professionnelle) FA School (Faculty) of Agriculture (Faculté d’Agronomie) FAFPCA Fund to Support Continuing Vocational Training and Apprenticeships (Fonds d’Appui à la Formation Professionnelle Continue et à l’Apprentissage) FCFA (CFA French Community of Africa Franc (Franc Communauté Financière Franc) Africaine) FLSH School (Faculty) of Humanities and Social Sciences (Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines) FNAN National Federation of Artisans of Niger (Fédération Nationale des Artisans du Niger) FOP Federation of Employers' organizations of Niger (Fédération des Organisations patronales du Niger) FSEJ School (Faculty) of Economics and Law (Faculté des Sciences Economiques et Juridiques) FSS School (Faculty) of Health Sciences (Faculté des Sciences de la Santé) ISU (UIS) UNESCO Institute for Statistics (Institut de statistique de l'UNESCO) HIPC Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative INS National Statistical Institute (Institut National de la Statistique) IUT (UTI) University Institute of Technology (Institut Universitaire de Technologie) LOSEN Niger Education Policy Act (Loi portant Orientation du Système Educatif Nigérien) MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance (Ministère de l’Économie et des Finances) MEN Ministry of Education (Ministère de l’Education Nationale) MEFP Ministry of Employment and Vocational Training (Ministère de l’Emploi et de la Formation Professionnelle) MESSRT Ministry of Secondary and Higher Education, Research and Technology (Ministère des Enseignements Secondaire et Supérieur, de la Recherche et de la Technologie) MFPT Ministry of Technical and Vocational Training (Ministère de la Formation Professionnelle et Technique) MFPA Ministry of Vocational Training and Apprenticeships (Ministère de la Formation Professionnelle et de l'Apprentissage) OPIN Organization of Industry Professionals of Niger (l’Organisation des Professionnels de l’industrie du Niger) PDDE Ten-Year Education Development Program (Programme Décennal de Développement de l'Education) PPP Public Private Partnerships (partenariats publique-privé) QUIBB Survey on the Combined Questionnaire of Basic Indicators of Well-being (Enquête sur le Questionnaire Unifié des Indicateurs de Base de Bien-être) RESEN Status Report on the National Education System of Niger (Rapport d’État du Système Éducatif Nigérien) III SDARP Accelerated Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy (Stratégie de Développement Accéléré et Réduction de la Pauvreté) SDR Rural Development Strategy (Stratégie de Développement Rural) TBS Gross enrolment rate (Taux Brut de Scolarisation) TVET(ETFP) Technical and Vocational Education and Training (Enseignement Technique et Formation Professionnelle) UAM Abdou Moumouni University (Université Abdou Moumouni) UEMOA West African Economic & Monetary Union (Union Economique et (WAEMU) Monétaire Ouest Africaine) USTN Association of trade unions of Niger (l’Union des Syndicats des Travailleurs du Niger) VAP Recognition of Professional Experience (Valorisation des Acquis Professionnels) VAE Recognition of prior experience (Validation des acquis de l'expérience) [UNUSED ACRONYMS]: CM2 Cours moyen 2ème année CMCN Centre des Métiers du Cuir du Niger DSRP Document de Stratégie de Réduction de la Pauvreté EMIG Ecole des mines et de la Géologie FED Fonds Européen de Développement - European Development Fund FEP Foyer d’Education Permanente FMI Fonds Monétaire International FS Faculté des Sciences IDH Indice de Développement Humain INRAN Institut National de Recherche Agronomique LMD Licence, Master, Doctorat NIGETECH ONG nationale de formation professionnelle et technique NTIC Nouvelles technologies de l’Information et de la Communication OMD Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement ONAFOP Office National de la Formation Professionnelle ONG Organisation Non Gouvernementale PEMFAR Public Expenditure Management and Financial Accountability Review PIB Produit Intérieur Brut PTF Partenaires Techniques et Financiers SDR Stratégie de Développement Rural SNP Service National de Participation SOMAÏR Société des Mines de l’Aïr UVA Université Virtuelle Africaine UE Union Européenne UP Unités pédagogique IV TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I: OVERVIEW OF THE ECONOMIC CONTEXT AND STRUCTURE OF THE LABOR MARKET i. AN ECONOMIC STRUCTURE UNCHANGED SINCE INDEPENDENCE ii. UNSTABLE ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE AND ENDEMIC POVERTY iii. A LABOR MARKET DOMINATED BY THE INFORMAL SECTOR AND NON- REMUNERATED AGRICULTURAL WORK CHAPTER II: SKILLS NEEDS FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH i. A DEFICIT OF BASIC QUALIFICATIONS FOR THE ECONOMY ii. A DEFICIT OF SKILLS AND THE QUALIFICATIONS REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ECONOMIC GROWTH SECTORS iii. CROSS-SECTORAL SKILLS CHAPTER III: SKILLS DEVELOPMENT CAPACITY IN NIGER i. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF THE SUPPLY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING. a. FORMAL PRIMARY EDUCATION b. INFORMAL PRIMARY EDUCATION c. SECONDARY EDUCATION d. HIGHER EDUCATION e. FORMAL TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING f. SUPPLY OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING “OUTSIDE THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM” AND APPRENTICESHIPS g. PROJECTS SUPPORTING THE TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING (TVET) SECTOR h. SUPPLY OF TECHNICAL TRAINING RELEVANT TO THE ECONOMIC GROWTH SECTORS i. INHERENT DISPARITIES IN THE EDUCATIONAL AND TRAINING SYSTEM ii. ANALYSIS OF FACTORS THAT IMPEDE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT CHAPTER IV: CRITICAL OVERVIEW OF THE ORGANIZATION AND FINANCING OF THE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM i. INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE SYSTEM V ii. FINANCING OF THE SYSTEM CHAPTER V CONCLUSION: PROPOSALS FOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT i. NECESSITY OF DEFINING STRATEGIC GOALS: THE IMPORTANCE OF A VISION AND LEADERSHIP ii. SUGGESTIONS FOR INNOVATION iii. NEEDED REFORMS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM iv. SPECIFIC AND TARGETED ACTIONS BIBLIOGRAPHY Annexes ANNEX 1: SOME LABOR MARKET INDICATORS ANNEX 2: REVENUE LEVELS BY PROFESSIONAL CATEGORY ANNEX 3: STRUCTURE OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN NIGER ANNEX 4: ENROLLMENTS BY LEVEL AND TYPE OF SCHOOL ANNEX 5: COMPARATIVE INDICATORS FOR SECONDARY EDUCATION ANNEX 6: PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION, 2008-2009 ANNEX 7: PRESENTATION OF THE FUND TO SUPPORT VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND APPRENTICESHIPS ANNEX 8: OVERVIEW OF THE QUALITY, ACCESS, AND CONDITIONS OF APPRENTICESHIPS ANNEX 9: INDICATIVE TABLE OF INTER-SECTORAL DIVISION OF DOMESTIC RESOURCES ANNEX 10: GROWTH OF EDUCATION EXPENSES AND COMPARISON WITH OTHER COUNTRIES (2007) ANNEX 11: ELEMENTS OF COMPARISON OF UNIT EDUCATION COSTS BY GRADE, AND COUNTRY OVER TIME Tables Table 1: EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF THE WORKING AGE POPULATION (15-64) Table 2: DISTRIBUTION OF WORKERS BY SEX AND BY REMUNERATION STATUS Table 3: MEDIAN INCOMES ARE LOW IN THE INFORMAL, SUBSISTENCE ECONOMY Table 4: INCOME LEVEL CORRELATES TO EDUCATION AND TRAINING LEVEL Table 5: LEVEL OF EDUCATION BY AGE AND BY SEX AMONG THE WORKING AGE POPULATION Table 6: DISTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC TERTIARY STUDENTS BY BRANCH 2000 - 2008
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