GANGES VOYAGER Splendors of WEST BENGAL
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1. Introduction: Siting and Experiencing Divinity in Bengal
chapter 1 Introduction : Siting and Experiencing Divinity in Bengal-Vaishnavism background The anthropology of Hinduism has amply established that Hindus have a strong involvement with sacred geography. The Hindu sacred topography is dotted with innumerable pilgrimage places, and popu- lar Hinduism is abundant with spatial imaginings. Thus, Shiva and his partner, the mother goddess, live in the Himalayas; goddesses descend to earth as beautiful rivers; the goddess Kali’s body parts are imagined to have fallen in various sites of Hindu geography, sanctifying them as sacred centers; and yogis meditate in forests. Bengal similarly has a thriving culture of exalting sacred centers and pilgrimage places, one of the most important being the Navadvip-Mayapur sacred complex, Bengal’s greatest site of guru-centered Vaishnavite pilgrimage and devo- tional life. While one would ordinarily associate Hindu pilgrimage cen- ters with a single place, for instance, Ayodhya, Vrindavan, or Banaras, and while the anthropology of South Asian pilgrimage has largely been single-place-centered, Navadvip and Mayapur, situated on opposite banks of the river Ganga in the Nadia District of West Bengal, are both famous as the birthplace(s) of the medieval saint, Chaitanya (1486– 1533), who popularized Vaishnavism on the greatest scale in eastern India, and are thus of massive simultaneous importance to pilgrims in contemporary Bengal. For devotees, the medieval town of Navadvip represents a Vaishnava place of antique pilgrimage crammed with cen- turies-old temples and ashrams, and Mayapur, a small village rapidly 1 2 | Chapter 1 developed since the nineteenth century, contrarily represents the glossy headquarters site of ISKCON (the International Society for Krishna Consciousness), India’s most famous globalized, high-profile, modern- ized guru movement. -
Dwelling in Loss Environment, Displacement and Memory in the Indian Ganges Delta
Dwelling in Loss Environment, Displacement and Memory in the Indian Ganges Delta Arne Harms Dwelling in Loss: Environment, Displacement and Memory in the Indian Ganges Delta Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Dr. phil. Vorgelegt am Fachbereich Politik- und Sozialwissenschaften der Freien Universität Berlin von Arne Harms, M.A. Berlin, Dezember 2013 Erstgutachterin: Prof. Dr. Ute Luig Zweitgutachterin: Prof. Dr. Shalini Randeria Tag der Disputation: 10. Juli 2014 Memories are crafted by oblivion as the outlines of the shore are created by the sea. Marc Augé, Oblivion Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................... iv Table of Figures ........................................................................................................................ vi A Note on Transliteration ......................................................................................................... vii Glossary ................................................................................................................................... viii 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 7 1.2. Structure of the Thesis .......................................................................................................... -
Red Bengal's Rise and Fall
kheya bag RED BENGAL’S RISE AND FALL he ouster of West Bengal’s Communist government after 34 years in power is no less of a watershed for having been widely predicted. For more than a generation the Party had shaped the culture, economy and society of one of the most Tpopulous provinces in India—91 million strong—and won massive majorities in the state assembly in seven consecutive elections. West Bengal had also provided the bulk of the Communist Party of India– Marxist (cpm) deputies to India’s parliament, the Lok Sabha; in the mid-90s its Chief Minister, Jyoti Basu, had been spoken of as the pos- sible Prime Minister of a centre-left coalition. The cpm’s fall from power also therefore suggests a change in the equation of Indian politics at the national level. But this cannot simply be read as a shift to the right. West Bengal has seen a high degree of popular mobilization against the cpm’s Beijing-style land grabs over the past decade. Though her origins lie in the state’s deeply conservative Congress Party, the challenger Mamata Banerjee based her campaign on an appeal to those dispossessed and alienated by the cpm’s breakneck capitalist-development policies, not least the party’s notoriously brutal treatment of poor peasants at Singur and Nandigram, and was herself accused by the Communists of being soft on the Maoists. The changing of the guard at Writers’ Building, the seat of the state gov- ernment in Calcutta, therefore raises a series of questions. First, why West Bengal? That is, how is it that the cpm succeeded in establishing -
Mayapur Katha’
BY BHAGAVATAM RIITA DAS: CASTING OF THE PANCHA-TATTVA DEITIES read p.3 - 6 NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF COMMUNITY BUSINESSES read p. 20 - 21, 24 PIONEER ‘Everyone is talking about OW ROTECTION varna-ashrama, but she is “COW PROTECTION” going out there and doing Read p. 19 it. She has left everyone behind’. Readp.9-12 Jaya sri krishna chaitanyaprabhunityananda sri advaita gadadhara srivasadi gaura bhakta vrinda Radha-Krishna. Radha's name is first. Why? the vaishyas are meant to protect the cows and Nobody can be better devotee than Radharani. bulls and utilize them to produce grains and milk. As soon as Radha's name is there, Krishna is The cow is meant to deliver milk, and the bull is meant more pleased. That is the way. If we glorify the to produce grains. [SB 1.17.1 Purport] devotees, the character of the devotees, before the Lord, He's more pleased than to glorify Himself, He directly. Even Krishna, Hawaii, march 24, 1969 whom we accept as the Supreme Lord, had to go to It is very encouraging that you are devel- Gurukula and oping our Mayapur center very nicely. The serve the spiritual fences are complete and now you are sowing master as a some hedge plants. Do it nicely. menial servant. I am glad to hear that you are harvesting Durban, rice. The crop may be saved to utilize for our October 10, 1975 members nicely. Regarding the bricks, it is a very good idea that you have ordered 10,000 bricks but as soon as the rainy season is Yes, we are prepared to purchase the land at a stopped we will build our temple. -
Why I Became a Hindu
Why I became a Hindu Parama Karuna Devi published by Jagannatha Vallabha Vedic Research Center Copyright © 2018 Parama Karuna Devi All rights reserved Title ID: 8916295 ISBN-13: 978-1724611147 ISBN-10: 1724611143 published by: Jagannatha Vallabha Vedic Research Center Website: www.jagannathavallabha.com Anyone wishing to submit questions, observations, objections or further information, useful in improving the contents of this book, is welcome to contact the author: E-mail: [email protected] phone: +91 (India) 94373 00906 Please note: direct contact data such as email and phone numbers may change due to events of force majeure, so please keep an eye on the updated information on the website. Table of contents Preface 7 My work 9 My experience 12 Why Hinduism is better 18 Fundamental teachings of Hinduism 21 A definition of Hinduism 29 The problem of castes 31 The importance of Bhakti 34 The need for a Guru 39 Can someone become a Hindu? 43 Historical examples 45 Hinduism in the world 52 Conversions in modern times 56 Individuals who embraced Hindu beliefs 61 Hindu revival 68 Dayananda Saraswati and Arya Samaj 73 Shraddhananda Swami 75 Sarla Bedi 75 Pandurang Shastri Athavale 75 Chattampi Swamikal 76 Narayana Guru 77 Navajyothi Sree Karunakara Guru 78 Swami Bhoomananda Tirtha 79 Ramakrishna Paramahamsa 79 Sarada Devi 80 Golap Ma 81 Rama Tirtha Swami 81 Niranjanananda Swami 81 Vireshwarananda Swami 82 Rudrananda Swami 82 Swahananda Swami 82 Narayanananda Swami 83 Vivekananda Swami and Ramakrishna Math 83 Sister Nivedita -
Arsenic Contamination of Groundwater in Nepal—An Overview
Water 2011, 3, 1-20; doi:10.3390/w3010001 OPEN ACCESS water ISSN 2073-4441 www.mdpi.com/journal/water Review Arsenic Contamination of Groundwater in Nepal—An Overview Jay Krishna Thakur 1,2,*, Rinku Kumari Thakur 2, AL Ramanathan 3, Manish Kumar 4 and Sudhir Kumar Singh 5 1 Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Hengelosestraat 99, 7514 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands 2 Health and Environmental Management Society, Barhari Bazar, Bengadabur-6, Dhanush, Nepal; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 Schools of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi -110067, India; E-Mail: [email protected] 4 Departments of Urban Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; E-Mail: [email protected] 5 Department of Atmospheric and Ocean Science, University of Allahabad, Katra, Allahabad-211001, India; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: E-Mail: [email protected], [email protected]; Mob.: +49-17645387019. Received: 26 November 2010; / Accepted: 23 December 2010 / Published: 29 December 2010 Abstract: In Nepal, arsenic (As) contamination is a major issue of current drinking water supply systems using groundwater and has recently been one of the major environmental health management issues especially in the plain region, i.e., in the Terai districts, where the population density is very high. The Terai inhabitants still use hand tube and dug wells (with hand held pumps that are bored at shallow to medium depth) for their daily water requirements, including drinking water. The National Sanitation Steering Committee (NSSC), with the help of many other organizations, has completed arsenic blanket test in 25 districts of Nepal by analysing 737,009 groundwater samples. -
Nadia Dmsion. Pwd
_,, ^ Public Works Department Government of West Bensal Notification No.3P-37l13/41O-R/PL dated 11.08.2015.- In exercise of the power conferred by section 3 of the West Bengal Highways Act, 1964 (West Ben. Act XXVIII of 1964) (hereinafter referred to as the said Act), the Governor is pleased hereby to declare, with immediate effect, the road and its length as mentioned in column (2) and column (3), respectively, of Schedule below under the Public Works Department in Nadia district, as highway within the meaning of clause ( c) of section 2 of the said Act:- SCHEDULE NADIA DISTRICT DMSION: NADIA DMSION. PWD st. Name of the Road a0t No. OE (r) (2) (3) 1 Bengli Bazar to Chapra Road |.21 2 Chapra Gonra Road 13.04 J Chapra Hridypur Road 12.07 A + D. L. Rov Road 2.20 5 Gotepara Feeder Road 2.50 6 Hridyapur Health Center Link Road 1.90 7 K.K.S. Road to Hatchapra High School 0.75 8 K.N.N. Road 21.33 9 K.N.N. Road to Dharadaha 4.59 l0 Karimpur Pomkol Road 2.05 ll Karimpur Sikarpur Road 12.00 t2 Krishnagar Karimpur Jalangi Road 93.62 l3 Link Road to Chande{lq!.Fe1q1Qhat 2.20 l4 M.M. Road 5.02 l5 Mahisbathan Murutia Road to K.N.N. Road 11.17 16 Palpara NH 34 Link Road 0.80 DMSION: NADIA HIGHWAY DIVISION-I, P.W (Roads) Dtte. sl. Name of the Road a0- No. a?tr (r) (2) (3) I Akandabaria Juranpur High School Road 3.13 2 Badkulla to Kulgachi Road via Cllittasali I 1.88 J Banpur Gede Road 7.80 aA Ba.nia Chanderghat Road n.29 5 Beldanga Amtala Patikabari Rgad (34.80 km ro 38. -
Ganges Strategic Basin Assessment
Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 67668-SAS Report No. 67668-SAS Ganges Strategic Basin Assessment A Discussion of Regional Opportunities and Risks Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized GANGES STRATEGIC BASIN ASSESSMENT: A Discussion of Regional Opportunities and Risks b Report No. 67668-SAS Ganges Strategic Basin Assessment A Discussion of Regional Opportunities and Risks Ganges Strategic Basin Assessment A Discussion of Regional Opportunities and Risks World Bank South Asia Regional Report The World Bank Washington, DC iii GANGES STRATEGIC BASIN ASSESSMENT: A Discussion of Regional Opportunities and Risks Disclaimer: © 2014 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 14 13 12 11 This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. -
Understanding Changes in the Ganges River Delta Under Climate Change
UNDERSTANDING CHANGES IN THE GANGES RIVER DELTA UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE Much of the landscape of Around 140 million people live and work within the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Bangladesh is dominated by delta, and it is also home to ecologically important mangrove forests, as well as several rivers. Around 700 distinct rivers endangered and threatened species such as the Bengal tiger, Irrawaddy river dolphin, fow through the country, with the and Indian elephant. In total, the delta is estimated to support the livelihoods of around largest of these being the Ganges, 300 million people, and is one of the most densely populated regions on Earth, with Brahmaputra, and Meghna. around 400 people per square kilometre. Together, these rivers form the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta, also However, there is a serious risk of fooding within the delta. The river channels of the known as the Bengal delta – the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna are narrow and complex, and fows in these channels largest river delta in the world. are controlled by a combination of large river discharge during the monsoon season, This delta covers most of lowland and tides from the open ocean. Much of Bangladesh is low-lying, and serious foods Bangladesh and parts of Eastern caused by cyclones are common. Destruction of farmland and poor availability of safe Bengal, India, draining into the drinking water are major concerns during these foods, due to a number of factors northern Bay of Bengal. including increased salinity of the water. The effects of future climate change on the delta could be devastating, with estimates suggesting that a sea level increase of 0.5m could displace up to six million people. -
Book History Essay 4
Books in the British Raj: The Contradictions of Liberal Imperialism The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Darnton, Robert. 2001. Books in the British Raj: The contradictions of liberal imperialism. In Stephan Füssel, ed., Sonderdruck aus Gutenberg-Jahrbuch, 36-59. Mainz: Gutenberg-Ges. Previously published as "Literary Surveillance in the British Raj: The Contradictions of Liberal Imperialism" in Book History 4:133-176. Published Version http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bh.2001.0007 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:2625468 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Books in the British Raj: The Contradictions of Liberal Imperialism Robert Darnton William Lawler made a most unlikely literary policeman. He was a librarian, a learned librarian, who looked out on the teeming city of Calcutta from the perspective of Roman antiquity and Victorian morality. Before him, spread out on a table, lay a huge sheet of paper divided into sixteen columns. Behind him, in endless rows of shelves, were books, a huge harvest of books from Bengal in the year 1879. Lawler’s job was to fill in the columns. The first columns posed no problem. They organized the information required for the registration of new books; and their printed headings conformed to Act XXV of the Governor General of India in Council for 1867: language of text, author, subject, place of printing and publication, name of printer and publisher, date of publication, number of pages, format, edition, pressrun, printing by movable type or lithography, price, owner of copyright. -
Containment Zones of Nadia
Nadia District Sl. No. Police District Sub-Div. Block G.P. Broad Based Containment Zone (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) MAYAPUR BAMUNPUKUR-I GP of the area pertaining to Polling station No (s). & MAYAPUR Name (s): 14, Mayapur Thakur Bhakti Vinod Nimna Buniyadi Primary School, ROOM 1 Krishnagar Krishnagar Sadar NABADWIP BAMUNPUKUR-I NO. 1 including remaining polling areas of that polling station of 84, Nabadwip Assembly Constituency Banpur Fulbari of the area pertaining to Polling station No (s). & Name (s): 34 Fulbari 2 Krishnagar Krishnagar Sadar Krishnaganj MatiaryBanpur Pry School Room No-2 including remaining polling areas of that polling station of 88, Krishnaganj Assembly Constituency. Itkholapara of the area pertaining to Polling station No (s). & Name (s): 180 - Dr. B.R 3 Krishnagar Tehatta Tehatta-I BETAI-I Ambedkar College including remaining polling areas of that polling station of 78, Tehatta Assembly Constituency. A-11/296 of the area pertaining to Polling station No (s). & Name (s): 179, Kalyani 4 Ranaghat Kalyani Kalyani Municipality Ward no.-16 Sikshayatan School including remaining polling areas of that polling station of 92, Kalyani Assembly Constituency. Ward no.-13 of the area pertaining to Polling station No (s). & Name (s): 182, Swastha 5 Ranaghat Kalyani Kalyani Municipality Ward no.-13 O Paribar Kalyan Prashikhan Kendra (Room No-2) including remaining polling areas of that polling station of 92, Kalyani Assembly Constituency. B-2/369 of the area pertaining to Polling station No (s). & Name (s): 205 (Bidhan 6 Ranaghat Kalyani Kalyani Municipality Ward no.-08 Chandra Memorial Girls High School,Room no.-1) including remaining polling areas of that polling station of 92, Kalyani Assembly Constituency. -
Water and Human- Nonhuman Agency in India's Sundarbans
The Newsletter No. 85 Spring 2020 Recentering the Bay of Bengal 43 Connected spaces in an inter-Asian bordersea The Focus to contribute financially. The Ganga Pūjā had been suspended entirely in the years following cyclone Aila in 2009, but fishermen helped to reinstate the festival. One of these fishermen, Mano, explained the importance of the ritual, and told me how he calls on Ganga Devi when venturing out on the river to collect his nets. Water and human- “She can give so many fish and crabs”, he explained; “She can make you rich, give you a big house, anything”. The ritual was sponsored with these hopes in mind. nonhuman agency in For Mano and others living along the river’s edge, however, Ganga Devi is not just a goddess of plenty; she is also a protective maternal figure. The fishermen I met in the Sundarbans India’s Sundarbans call on ‘Ganga Ma’ for protection on both water and land. As Mano explained to me, the earthen embankment holding back the river is fragile. The Gram Panchayat – a local village-level Calynn Dowler elected body – is responsible for embankment maintenance, but the funds allocated for embankment repair do not always reach the intended recipients. As a result, breaches are The brackish waters formed where the Ganges- frequent. When saline river water washes in, Brahmaputra river system meets the Bay of Mano and his neighbors call on Ganga Devi: “Mā! Bān˘˙cāo!” [Mother, save us]. Bengal not only sustain the world’s largest I was struck by the complex entanglements mangrove forest, they also play a critical role of human, nonhuman, and supernatural agency that animated the Ganga Pūjā I attended.