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Land at Wrinstone Farm Wenvoe Vale of Glamorgan LAND AT WRINSTONE FARM WENVOE VALE OF GLAMORGAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVALUATION CAT PROJECT: 1326 CAT REPORT: 02032 Author: Tim Havard Approved: Simon Cox Signed: ……………………………………………………………. th Issue: 01 Date: 19 APRIL 2002 This report is confidential to the client. Cotswold Archaeological Trust Ltd accepts no responsibility or liability to any third party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission. © Cotswold Archaeological Trust Ltd. Headquarters Building, Kemble Business Park, Cirencester, Gloucestershire, GL7 6BQ Tel. 01285 771022 Fax. 01285 771033 E-mail:[email protected] Wrinstone Farm, Wenvoe, Vale of Glamorgan: Archaeological Evaluation © Cotswold Archaeological Trust CONTENTS SUMMARY........................................................................................................................3 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 4 The site ................................................................................................................ 4 Archaeological background.................................................................................. 4 Archaeological objectives .................................................................................... 5 Methodology ........................................................................................................ 5 2. RESULTS ............................................................................................................ 6 Field A.................................................................................................................. 6 Field B.................................................................................................................. 6 Field C.................................................................................................................. 6 Field D.................................................................................................................. 7 Field E.................................................................................................................. 7 The Finds ............................................................................................................. 7 3. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS................................................................... 7 4. CAT PROJECT TEAM ......................................................................................... 8 5. REFERENCES .................................................................................................... 8 APPENDIX 1: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS..................................................................... 9 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1 Location Plan ...................................................................................................12 Figure 2 Trench Location Plan.......................................................................................13 2 Wrinstone Farm, Wenvoe, Vale of Glamorgan: Archaeological Evaluation © Cotswold Archaeological Trust SUMMARY Site Name: Land at Wrinstone Farm Site Code: WWF 02 Location: Wenvoe, Vale Of Glamorgan NGR: ST 1370 7330 Type: Evaluation Date: 2nd to 8th April 2002 Location of Archive: National Museum of Wales An archaeological evaluation was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeological Trust in April 2002 at the request of RMC Aggregates (UK) Limited at Wrinstone Farm, Wenvoe, Vale of Glamorgan. In compliance with an approved project design, a total of twenty-three trenches were excavated across the development area. No archaeological features were encountered or finds recovered during the course of the project. 3 Wrinstone Farm, Wenvoe, Vale of Glamorgan: Archaeological Evaluation © Cotswold Archaeological Trust 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 In April 2002 Cotswold Archaeological Trust (CAT) carried out an archaeological evaluation for RMC Aggregates (UK) Limited at Wrinstone Farm, Wenvoe, Vale of Glamorgan (centred on NGR: ST 1370 7330, Fig. 1). The evaluation was undertaken as part of an Environmental Statement to accompany a planning application for the southern extension of Wenvoe Quarry. 1.2 The evaluation was carried out in accordance with a detailed project specification produced by CAT (2002) and approved by the Neil Maylan, Senior Development Control Officer, Glamorgan and Gwent Archaeological Trust acting as advisor to the Vale Of Glamorgan Council. The fieldwork also followed the Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Field Evaluations issued by the Institute of Field Archaeologists (1999). The project was monitored by Neil Maylan, by means of a site visit on Friday 5th April 2002. The site 1.3 The site is approximately 12ha in size and lies about 1.25km to the east of the A4050 and the village of Wenvoe. It also lies approximately 500m to the north of Wrinstone Farm and just to the south of the Wenvoe Quarry (Fig. 2). The site lies at approximately 103m AOD, with the north west part of the site dropping away to around 96m AOD 1.4 The underlying geology of the area is mapped as a ridge of Carboniferous Limestone that is aligned north-west to south-east (British Geological Survey 1989). 1.5 The site comprises five agricultural fields, one of which (Field B) is ploughed, the other four currently being under pasture. Archaeological background 1.6 A desk-based Cultural Heritage Assessment for the site was carried out (CAT 2000). This showed that no archaeological remains had previously been recorded within the site, although a post-medieval limekiln is recorded immediately adjacent to the south-west corner of the site. The site lay within the medieval agricultural field 4 Wrinstone Farm, Wenvoe, Vale of Glamorgan: Archaeological Evaluation © Cotswold Archaeological Trust system of Wrinstone settlement, and a possible medieval house lies immediately to the east of the site. An area of disturbance, probably 20th century in date, is recorded on an aerial photograph of the site but is not visible on the ground. The southernmost part of the site is part of the defined ‘Essential Setting’ of the Registered Park of Cwrt-y-ala but the site contains no physical remains or structures associated with the designed landscape. Archaeological objectives 1.7 The objectives of the evaluation were to establish the character, quality, date, significance and extent of any archaeological remains or deposits surviving within the site. This information will assist the Local Planning Authority in making an informed judgement on the likely impact upon the archaeological resource by the proposed development. Methodology 1.8 The fieldwork comprised the excavation of twenty-three trenches, each 50m in length by 1.5m in width. These were positioned in accordance with the locations shown in the project design. Two further trenches originally shown in the project design, and numbered 1 and 17, were not excavated owing to revisions in the size of the development area that placed them outside of the current study area. The revised trench layout was approved by Neil Maylan without further alteration to the Project Design. Trenches in Field D were positioned beyond the minimum required distances away from powerlines and an Intermediate Pressure Gas Main known to run across this part of the site. 1.9 All trenches were excavated by mechanical excavator equipped with a toothless grading bucket. All machine excavation was undertaken under constant archaeological supervision to the top of the first significant archaeological horizon or the natural substrate, whichever was encountered first. Where archaeological deposits were encountered they were excavated by hand in accordance with the CAT Technical Manual 1: Excavation Recording Manual (1996). 1.10 Deposits were assessed for their palaeoenvironmental potential and, where appropriate, sampled and processed in accordance with the CAT Technical Manual 2: The Taking of Samples for Palaeoenvironmental/Palaeoeconomic Analysis from 5 Wrinstone Farm, Wenvoe, Vale of Glamorgan: Archaeological Evaluation © Cotswold Archaeological Trust Archaeological Sites (1994). All artefacts recovered were processed in accordance with the CAT Technical Manual 3: Treatment of Finds Immediately After Excavation (1995). 1.11 The archive and artefacts from the evaluation are currently held by CAT at their offices in Kemble. Subject to the agreement of the legal landowner the site archive (including artefacts) will be deposited with The National Museum of Wales. 2. RESULTS 2.1 No archaeological features were encountered during the course of the project. This section provides an overview of the evaluation results; detailed summaries of the recorded contexts are to be found in Appendix 1. Field A 2.2 Trenches 21 to 25 were excavated in this field. The natural substrate in these trenches was encountered at a depth of between 0.20m and 0.35m below the existing ground surface. This was overlain by a mid brown humic clay topsoil. A number of possible features were investigated in these trenches but these all proved to be of natural origin. Field B 2.3 Trenches 2 to 8 were excavated in this field. The natural substrate was encountered at a depth of between 0.18m and 0.70m below the existing ground surface. This was overlain by a mid brown humic clay ploughsoil. A number of possible features including natural depressions containing brown clay were investigated in these trenches but were shown to
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