Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents

Monday, May 9, 1994 Volume 30—Number 18 Pages 941–1005

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Addresses and Remarks Communications to Congress See also Bill Signings Budget deferrals, message—959 American Indian and Alaska Native tribal District of Columbia, message transmitting leaders—941 budget—990 Americans with disabilities—953 Federal Advisory Committees, message Andrew W. Mellon dinner—990 transmitting report—997 Assistance to South Africa—993 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, Atlanta, GA—960, 962 Cinco de Mayo celebration—996 letter—978 Congressional elections—962 National Endowment for Democracy, message Housing and Urban Development transmitting report—997 Department crime briefing—984 Communications to Federal Agencies Legislation to ban assault weapons—957, 991, 994 Migration and Refugee Assistance Act, Radio address—947 memorandum—978 Situation in Rwanda—948 Small Business Person of the Year, award Executive Orders presentation—979 Amendment to Executive Order No. 12878— Women’s health care—998 945 Appointments and Nominations Revocation of Executive Order No. 12582— Commodity Futures Trading Commission 959 Chair—979 Commissioner—979 Interviews With the News Media National Transportation Safety Board, Vice Exchanges with reporters Chair—946 Atlanta, GA—962, 963 U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, Oval Office—1000 Assistant Directors—946 Rose Garden—991, 994 U.S. District Court, judges—998 South Lawn—959 U.S. Representatives to Coral Sea Week—946 Interview on CNN’s ‘‘Global Forum With Bill Signings President Clinton’’—964

Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Letters and Messages statement—948 School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1994 Americans with disabilities—945 Remarks—985 Hunters and sportsmen—945 Statement—988

(Continued on the inside back cover.)

WEEKLY COMPILATION OF regulations prescribed by the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register, approved by the President (37 FR 23607; 1 CFR Part 10). PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS Distribution is made only by the Superintendent of Docu- ments, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Published every Monday by the Office of the Federal Reg- The Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents will be ister, National Archives and Records Administration, Washing- furnished by mail to domestic subscribers for $80.00 per year ton, DC 20408, the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Docu- ($137.00 for mailing first class) and to foreign subscribers for ments contains statements, messages, and other Presidential $93.75 per year, payable to the Superintendent of Documents, materials released by the White House during the preceding Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. The week. charge for a single copy is $3.00 ($3.75 for foreign mailing). The Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents is pub- There are no restrictions on the republication of material lished pursuant to the authority contained in the Federal Reg- appearing in the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Docu- ister Act (49 Stat. 500, as amended; 44 U.S.C. Ch. 15), under ments.

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Meetings With Foreign Leaders Statements Other Than Presidential See also Statements Other Than Presidential Counterintelligence effectiveness—978 Prime Minister Mahathir of Malaysia—1000 President’s meeting with Vice Premier Zou of Proclamations China—959 Law Day, U.S.A.—951 Reforming multilateral peace operations—998 Loyalty Day—952 President’s telephone conversation with Prime Mother’s Day—1001 Minister Papandreou of Greece—1002 Public Service Recognition Week—979 Small Business Week—952 Supplementary Materials Statements by the President Acts approved by the President—1005 Checklist of White House press releases— See also Appointments and Nominations; Bill 1004 Signings Digest of other White House Agreement to withdraw Russian military forces from Latvia—953 announcements—1002 Implementation of the Israel-Palestinian Nominations submitted to the Senate—1003 Declaration of Principles—989

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Remarks to American Indian and Just last week, people all around the world Alaska Native Tribal Leaders celebrated the 24th annual Earth Day. Yet April 29, 1994 for thousands of years, you have held nature in awe, celebrating the bond between Earth The President. Thank you very much, and the Creator. You have reminded people very much Chief Wilma Mankiller and to all that all of us should make decisions not just the other distinguished leaders here today. for our children and their grandchildren but Let me first welcome you here on behalf of for generation upon generation yet to come. the First Lady and Vice President and Mrs. I believe in your rich heritage and in our Gore. All of us are honored by your presence. common heritage. What you have done to I also wanted to especially thank those who retain your identity, your dignity, and your have spoken and participated to this point faith in the face of often immeasurable obsta- and those who will participate in the remain- cles is profoundly moving, an example of the der of this program. I have listened carefully enduring strength of the human spirit. and learned a lot. We desperately need this lesson now. We This is, as all of you know, a time of great must keep faith with you and with that spirit challenge and transition for our beloved and with the common heritage so many of country and for the world. As I travel across us cherish. That is what you came to talk this country and talk to the people about the to me about and what I would like to respond problems that all Americans share, whether to today. it’s crime or health care or the economy, I In every relationship between our people, find a concern that goes deeper even in these our first principle must be to respect your specific matters. right to remain who you are and to live the There is a great yearning in this Nation way you wish to live. And I believe the best for people to be able to reestablish a sense way to do that is to acknowledge the unique of community, a sense of oneness, a sense government-to-government relationship we of cooperation, of shared values and spirit. have enjoyed over time. Today I reaffirm our Americans are searching for the chance to commitment to self-determination for tribal come together in friendship, instead of com- governments. I pledge to fulfill the trust obli- ing apart in anger and distrust. There is a gations of the Federal Government. I vow yearning for us to be able to live together to honor and respect tribal sovereignty based so that all of us can live up to our God-given upon our unique historic relationship. And potential and be respected for who and what I pledge to continue my efforts to protect we are. your right to fully exercise your faith as you It is in that spirit and with great humility wish. I say to the leaders of the first Americans, Let me speak for a moment about religious the American Indian and Alaska Natives, freedom, something precious to you, some- welcome to the White House. Welcome thing deeply enshrined in our Constitution. home. For many of you, traditional religions and So much of who we are today comes from ceremonies are the essence of your culture who you have been for a long time. Long and your very existence. Last year, I was before others came to these shores there pleased to sign a law that restored certain were powerful and sophisticated cultures and constitutional protections for those who want societies here: yours. Because of your ances- to express their faith in this country. tors, democracy existed here long before the No agenda for religious freedom will be Constitution was drafted and ratified. complete until traditional Native American

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religious practices have received all the pro- Cabinet officials will meet with you for 2 days tections they deserve. Legislation is needed at the first National American Indian Listen- to protect Native American religious prac- ing Conference. I’m looking forward to hear- tices threatened by Federal action. The Na- ing their specific ideas from the conference tive American free exercise of religion act is on ways to move our nations forward to- long overdue. And I will continue to work gether. closely with you and Members of Congress The same applies to the unprecedented se- to make sure the law is constitutional and ries of 23 meetings that the Department of strong. I want it passed so that I can invite Housing and Urban Development, under you back here and sign it into law in your Secretary Cisneros, will have with tribal gov- presence. ernments by September to improve housing And to make certain that you can obtain and living conditions in tribal communities the ritual symbols of your religious faith, in and to listen to you about how you can take a moment I will sign a directive to every exec- the lead in doing it. utive department and agency of Govern- All governments must work better. We ment, not just the Department of Interior, must simply be more responsive to the peo- instructing them to cooperate with tribal gov- ple we serve and to each other. It’s the only ernments to accommodate wherever possible way we’ll be able to do good things with the the need for eagle feathers in the practice resources we have. I know that you agree of Native American religions. with that. More and more of you are moving This then is our first principle: respecting to assume fuller control of your governments. your values, your religions, your identity, and Many are moving aggressively to take respon- your sovereignty. This brings us to the second sibility for operating your own programs. principle that should guide our relationship: Each year the Bureau of Indian Affairs is pro- We must dramatically improve the Federal viding more technical services and fewer di- Government’s relationships with the tribes rect services. and become full partners with the tribal na- One avenue for greater tribal control is tions. through self-governance contracts. There are I don’t want there to be any mistake about about 30 self-compacting tribes today. We’re our commitment to a stronger partnership working with Congress to raise that number between our people. Therefore, in a mo- by 20 tribes every year. We’d like self-gov- ment, I will also sign an historic Government ernance to become a permanent program. directive that requires every executive de- But we must ensure services will still be pro- partment and agency of Government to take vided to the smaller tribes that do not choose two simple steps: first, to remove all barriers to participate. that prevent them from working directly with What is the goal of a better and more equal tribal governments and, second, to make cer- partnership, and more empowered tribes and tain that if they take action affecting tribal more efficient government? Ultimately it trust resources, they consult with tribal gov- must be to improve the living conditions of ernments prior to that decision. It is the en- those whom we serve. And that must be our tire Government, not simply the Department third and final principle. of the Interior, that has a trust responsibility Together we must position American Indi- with tribal governments. And it is time the ans and Alaska Natives to compete economi- entire Government recognized and honored cally as we move toward the 21st century. that responsibility. I invited the leaders of every recognized tribe Part of being better partners is also being here today. But I’ll be the first to acknowl- better listeners. The Department of the Inte- edge that not all have been able to join us rior and the Department of Justice have because they simply don’t have the resources never before joined together to listen to the to come. And I know well that many of you leaders of the Indian nations. It’s time to have come here at great personal sacrifice change that. Next week, in Albuquerque, to yourselves and the members of your tribes. New Mexico, both Attorney General Reno That only underscores the importance of our and Secretary Babbitt and many of their sub- work. Let us dedicate ourselves to making

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certain that the next time we all meet to- rounding communities in full measure. Some gether, conditions will be different and better of you are now able to invest more in housing and all of our brothers and sisters will be and health care and child care and infrastruc- able to join us. ture and taking care of your elders. I know We must do more to create jobs, raise in- that gaming is controversial, even among comes, and develop capital for new busi- tribes. As many of you have acknowledged, nesses. I know there are more success stories it’s also important that tribal governments in Indian country every year but not nearly continue to diversify their economies. Many enough as the people who bore witness to of you are working with congressional lead- your conditions here today so eloquently ers, Governors, and Secretary Babbitt to re- said. Strengthening tribal economies will re- solve tough issues. quire new thinking and the courage to My goal is this: I want the tribes to con- change. It will require investing in the health, tinue to benefit from gaming, and I want cur- the education, and the skills of American In- rent disputes over the 1988 Gaming Regu- dians and Alaska Natives, as we must do for latory Act to be worked out. I strongly sup- all Americans. port the process now underway to achieve To the extent that some of the building that goal. But just as with the national econ- blocks can be put in place here in Washing- omy, we know we can’t solve every problem ton, we are working to do that. Our em- overnight. The important thing is to create powerment zone legislation, for example, policies that give every tribe the chance to contains at your request special new incen- have a strong economy in the long run, to tives for investing in reservations. This is only develop the will and the consistency to stick part of the solution. We can continue to en- with those policies over time, and to keep force the regulations of the Community Re- working and talking together. investment Act to make sure local banks in- vest and lend in Indian communities. We’ve Last year, you were kind enough to invite brought more tribal leaders than ever to- the First Lady to the Indian Health Summit. gether with bankers to improve mortgage You asked her to make certain your treaty loans, financial services, and to cut regula- rights to health care and your rights under tions. We must make these efforts permanent the Indian Health Service be preserved and and more effective. And we know a more made a part of our health care proposal. Be- comprehensive approach is necessary. cause we work together and because of you At my direction, the Vice President has es- and your input, only one of the health care tablished a working group on Indian eco- plans now before the Congress addresses nomic development as part of our Commu- these issues and ensures that tribal members nity Enterprise Board. I’ve asked them to will receive the same high-quality health care study the recommendations from last year’s as everyone else. That is our plan, thanks to National Indian Economic Summit and to you. consult fully with you every step of the way. There has been a great deal of debate this Our goal is clear: to work with you to en- year about the budget of the Indian Health hance economic development in every tribe. Service. It was mentioned earlier. The fact I’d like to emphasize that what I have asked is that we are operating under the tightest them to do in this issue, I asked them to spending limits in memory. In our efforts to do on all issues. This great, historic meeting bring the deficit down, I have recommended today must be the beginning of our new part- the total elimination of 100 programs and nership, not the end of it. cuts in 200 others. And that is contributing I’d like to make a point about economic to the country’s economic revival. But I be- development that has to do with gaming. As lieve the health needs of tribal communities a former Governor, I understand some of the and families and children clearly require spe- concerns that the Governors have raised. But cial attention. Therefore, I have amended as President, I know that gaming gives you next year’s budget to restore more than $120 a competitive edge when you’ve had precious million in funding for the Indian Health few. And the benefits often extend to sur- Service.

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Finally, as we heard so eloquently today, rection. And our choices will set that direc- there is in America, across the lines of race tion. and class and region, a profound concern for Of course, as you well know, our history our children. Too many are poor or sick or has not always been a proud one. But our unsupervised. Too many are likely to use vio- future can be, and that is up to us. Together lence or be the victims of violence. Too many we can open the greatest era of cooperation, are unprepared intellectually for life or work. understanding, and respect among our peo- Yet nothing is so striking in tribal commu- ple ever. I know that we will. And when we nities as your love of family and extended do, the judgment of history will be that the family and your devotion to your children. President of the United States and the lead- Every segment of our society could well take ers of the sovereign Indian nations met and a lesson from you. But in spite of your best kept faith with each other and our common efforts, too many of your children also suffer heritage and together lifted our great nations from poor health and inadequate education. to a new and better place. And we are trying hard to address these Thank you all. problems. You mentioned Head Start; our budget calls for continued, substantial in- [At this point, the President signed the memo- creases and expansions of the Head Start pro- randum. The President and Mrs. Clinton and gram, as well as the Women and Infants and the Vice President and Mrs. Gore were then Children program. presented gifts.] Our education plan, called Goals 2000, for the first time sets world-class education The President. Before we go, I wanted standards for every school and all our chil- to make a brief announcement to thank you, dren and gives local communities the grass- on behalf of the First Lady, the Vice Presi- roots support they need to achieve those dent, Mrs. Gore, and our Cabinet for being goals. Goals 2000 contains millions more next here and for giving us a chance to be with year for BIA-funded schools and schools you and for the wonderful gifts we have re- serving Native Alaskans. And these funds ceived. cannot be spent until the education goals of In keeping with a tradition that goes back your community are considered. to the early days of our Republic, I want each In the 1980’s, our Nation fell behind many of you, in leaving, to receive a miniature rep- Third World countries in the rate at which lica of the Jefferson Indian Peace Medal. On we immunized children against commu- the front is a picture of our third President, nicable diseases. I know the Indian Health Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration Service does a good job of immunizing chil- of Independence and one of the chief archi- dren. Beginning this year, under the Vaccine tects of our democracy. When you receive For Children program, every Indian child, your medal, you will see on the back two no matter where he or she lives and regard- hands clasped, one with a cuff showing three less of whether they are fortunate enough stripes and three buttons, the other wearing to live near an IHS facility, will be eligible a bracelet engraved with an eagle. The hands for free vaccine. join with the inscription ‘‘Peace and Friend- The Great Law of the Six Nations Iroquois ship.’’ Confederacy contained this advice: ‘‘In our As we pray and as we leave, let us hope every deliberation, we must consider the im- that this is the beginning of true peace, true pact of our decision on the next seven gen- friendship, and true progress. erations.’’ We are stewards; we are care- Thank you. takers. That standard will keep us great if we have the vision of your forefathers. NOTE: The President spoke at 4:40 p.m. on the As we look back on the American journey, South Lawn at the White House. In his remarks, the test ahead is always whether we are mov- he referred to Chief Wilma Mankiller of the Cher- ing in the right direction of more tolerance, okee Tribe in Oklahoma. This item was not re- wider justice, and greater opportunity for all. ceived in time for publication in the appropriate It is the direction that counts, always the di- issue.

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Executive Order 12912— ward making health care reform a reality. Amendment to Executive Order No. Your knowledge and expertise are helping to 12878 advance the rights of and services for all April 29, 1994 Americans, especially those persons with dis- abilities, and I thank you for your leadership By the authority vested in me as President and dedication. Working together, we can by the Constitution and the laws of the build a health care system that moves our United States of America, including the Fed- nation from exclusion to inclusion, from de- eral Advisory Committee Act, as amended (5 pendence to independence, and from pater- U.S.C. App.), and in order to extend the re- nalism to empowerment. porting period of the Bipartisan Commission Hillary joins me in extending best wishes on Entitlement Reform from May 1, 1994, to all for a successful rally. to December 15, 1994, it is hereby ordered that section 2(a) of Executive Order No. Bill Clinton 12878 is amended by deleting the date ‘‘May 1, 1994’’ and inserting the date ‘‘December NOTE: This letter was made available by the Of- 15, 1994’’ in lieu thereof. fice of the Press Secretary but was not issued as a White House press release. This item was not William J. Clinton received in time for publication in the appropriate The White House, issue. April 29, 1994. [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 11:27 a.m., May 2, 1994] Letter to Hunters and Sportsmen April 29, 1994 NOTE: This Executive order was published in the Federal Register on May 3. This item was not re- An Open Letter to Hunters and Sportsmen: ceived in time for publication in the appropriate I have been a hunter since I was 12. Where issue. I come from, it’s a way of life. And I will not allow the rights of hunters and sportsmen Letter to Americans With Disabilities to be infringed upon. April 29, 1994 But I know the difference between a fire- arm used for hunting and target shooting and Greetings to everyone gathered in our na- a weapon designed to kill people. The 19 spe- tion’s capital to voice your support for provid- cific types of assault weapons that would be ing health security to all Americans. I am de- banned by the proposal currently being con- lighted that so many of you have come to- sidered in Congress have no place on a deer gether for this exciting event. hunt, in a duck blind, or on a target range— Now is the time to act on our awareness and they certainly don’t belong on our that disabilities are a natural part of the streets, in our neighborhoods, or on our human experience. Having a disability does schoolyards. not diminish one’s right to participate in any But they are on our streets, in our neigh- aspect of mainstream society. With the borhoods, and on our schoolyards—they’re shared strengths of all those participating in the weapons of choice for drug dealers, this rally, you send a powerful message—the gangs, and terrorists. And every year they kill key to improving the quality of life for mil- children and police officers, mothers, and fa- lions of Americans with disabilities and their thers. families is passing a comprehensive health Our crime bill will make a big difference care plan that meets the needs of each one in stopping the violence in our neighbor- of our citizens. hoods, by putting 100,000 new police officers The active participation of groups like on the streets and putting tough penalties ADAPT, the National Council on Independ- like three-strikes-you’re-out on the books. ent Living, and the Consortium of Citizens But we’ve got to keep Uzis and Street Sweep- with Disabilities is essential in meeting this ers out of the hands of criminals. Every major crucial goal. I commend you for working to- police organization wants us to—and nearly

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80 percent of the American people feel that Appointment of Vice Chair of the way too. National Transportation Safety High-paid lobbyists argue that the assault Board weapons ban will infringe on our right, as hunters and sportsmen, to own guns. But April 29, 1994 what they don’t tell you is that the proposal I support specifically safeguards hunters’ The President today appointed Jim Hall rights. It explicitly protects more than 650 to be Vice Chair of the National Transpor- hunting and recreational rifles from the ban. tation Safety Board. Mr. Hall was previously So that’s why I’m writing you for your help. confirmed by the Senate a member of the Call your representatives, and tell them that National Transportation Safety Board on Oc- you know the difference between a hunting tober 14, 1993. rifle and a weapon that was designed for the ‘‘Jim Hall has had a distinguished career battlefield. Tell them you support the pro- in government and in the private sector,’’ said posed ban on assault weapons—because it the President. ‘‘I am very glad to be appoint- protects your rights and it doesn’t protect ing him as Vice Chair of this board today.’’ criminals. Thank you. Sincerely, NOTE: A biography of the appointee was made available by the Office of the Press Secretary. This item was not received in time for publication in Bill Clinton the appropriate issue.

NOTE: This letter was made available by the Of- fice of the Press Secretary but was not issued as Appointment of United States a White House press release. This item was not received in time for publication in the appropriate Representatives to Coral Sea Week issue. April 29, 1994 The President today announced the ap- Nomination for Assistant Directors pointment of Jack H. Watson, Jr., and Am- of the United States Arms Control bassador Edward J. Perkins to represent the and Disarmament Agency United States in Australia during the celebra- tion of Coral Sea Week. April 29, 1994 ‘‘I am pleased to appoint Jack Watson to join Ambassador Perkins as the U.S. rep- The President today announced his inten- resentatives on this momentous occasion,’’ tion to nominate Michael Knacht, Amy the President said. ‘‘I have known Jack for Sands, and Lawrence Scheinman as Assistant Directors for the U.S. Arms Control and Dis- many years. As President Carter’s former armament Agency (ACDA). Chief of Staff, he understands particularly The President said, ‘‘I am pleased to name well the important relationship between the experts of the caliber of Drs. Sands, Knacht, United States and Australia, and I am con- and Scheinman to work on arms control and fident he will represent the United States nonproliferation, issues to which I am per- well. We join them in celebrating our friend- sonally committed. I believe they will help ship with Australia and look forward to con- a revitalized ACDA play a leading role in tinuing our excellent relations across a range building a safe and more secure world.’’ of economic, political, and global issues.’’

NOTE: Biographies of the nominees were made NOTE: Biographies of the appointees were made available by the Office of the Press Secretary. This available by the Office of the Press Secretary. This item was not received in time for publication in item was not received in time for publication in the appropriate issue. the appropriate issue.

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The President’s Radio Address In February, at the initiative of the United States, NATO issued an ultimatum to Bos- April 30, 1994 nian Serbs against the further shelling of the Good morning. This week all of us Bosnian capital of Sarajevo. Today, Sarajevo is relatively quiet. It’s citizens are emerging watched with wonder as South Africa was re- from the rubble to begin rebuilding their born. Young men carried their elderly fathers lives. on their backs to the polling booths; black Just last week, we and our NATO allies voters came on crutches and in wheelchairs, extended a similar ultimatum to the besieged traveling for miles and waiting for hours in town of Gorazde and to five other Muslim this great march to freedom. The miracle of majority towns the U.N. has designated as South Africa’s rebirth as a nonracial democ- safe areas. After weeks of relentless shelling, racy is an inspiring testament to the courage the Serbs have backed off and withdrawn and vision of its citizens. And I’m proud of their guns from around Gorazde. While new America’s role in helping to make the miracle challenges lie ahead in Bosnia, our deter- happen. mination to take action along with our NATO Private citizens, religious leaders, and allies in support of the U.N. mission there Members of Congress worked for years to clearly generated new progress toward peace. rally public opinion and impose economic In March, Bosnian and Croat leaders came sanctions against Johannesburg. When Nel- to the White House to sign a peace agree- son Mandela and F.W. de Klerk reached ment. Since then we’ve stepped up our diplo- their agreements to dismantle apartheid, we matic efforts to engage the Serbs as well. As were one of the first countries to lift sanc- I’ve said, if the parties in Bosnia can nego- tions so we could help fuel the recovery of tiate a viable settlement, I will work with the a new South Africa. Just in the last year we Congress to deploy U.S. troops through have supported unprecedented voter edu- NATO to help enforce that peace. cation and election monitor training pro- There are other threats today that also de- grams. And this week I’ll be announcing a mand our active engagement, from North substantial increase in our aid to South Africa Korea’s nuclear program to the efforts of Iran to help it navigate a new course for all of and other backlash states to sponsor terror- its people. ism. We’re meeting those threats with steadi- This morning I want to talk about why this ness and resolve. kind of vigorous American engagement and At the same time, we recognize we’ve en- leadership remains vital not only in South Af- tered an age of historic opportunity. South rica but around the globe. Consider the Africa’s elections offer vivid proof. In the former Yugoslavia, where American engage- Middle East age-old enemies have extended ment today is essential. The breakup of that handshakes of reconciliation. In the former country, inflamed by Serbian aggression, has Soviet Union we’re helping to dismantle nu- resulted in 3 years of bloodshed and ethnic clear weapons once aimed at us. And just cleansing in Bosnia and elsewhere. today, Russia and Latvia signed an historic We have clear interests at stake in helping agreement to withdraw remaining Russian to bring a peaceful end to the Bosnian con- military forces from Latvian territory by the flict, an interest in preventing a wider war end of August. These and other promising in Europe, an interest in preventing a flood developments were made possible in part by of refugees, an interest in maintaining the American support and resolve. credibility and effectiveness of NATO as a But such engagement requires resources force for peace in the new post-cold-war era, commensurate with our challenges. With the and clearly an interest in helping to stop the cold war behind us, we’ve been able to re- slaughter of innocent civilians. That’s why duce spending on defense and foreign affairs. we’ve been working to spur negotiations We’ve put those programs under tight budg- among the warring parties, and it’s why we’ve etary constraints. But now we’re at the razor’s harnessed NATO’s power in the service of edge of a resource crisis. We cannot afford diplomacy. to shortchange our national security. That’s

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why I’m working hard against further cuts lence violence that continues to plague their in our defense budget and why I’m working country. with Congress to make sure we adequately fund peacekeeping and other international NOTE: The President spoke at 10:12 a.m. in the efforts that promote the security and pros- Oval Office at the White House. His remarks were made available for broadcast on nationwide radio. perity of our own people. As we approach the 50th anniversary of the D-Day invasion this June, we should re- Statement on Signing the Foreign call the spirit of sacrifice and common cause Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal that mark that great crusade for freedom in Years 1994 and 1995 World War II. In 5 weeks I’ll travel to Eu- April 30, 1994 rope to commemorate D-Day and to honor those in the Second World War who fought Today I have signed into law H.R. 2333, to defend our democratic way of life. The the ‘‘Foreign Relations Authorization Act, world is different now, better because of Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995.’’ This Act au- their courage. And we owe it to them to build thorizes critically needed appropriations and a better future for the next generation. provides important authorities for the De- As we salute the veterans who will be land- partment of State, the United States Infor- ing by the thousands in Normandy this June mation Agency (USIA), the Peace Corps, and and as we celebrate South Africa’s elections the United States Arms Control and Disar- today, let us remember that American lead- mament Agency (USACDA). I appreciate the ership in a changing world requires sustained Congress’ cooperation in passing a bill that commitment. Together, let us shape this new maintains many of the Administration’s re- world to our lasting benefit. quests and provides management authorities Thanks for listening. that will improve the operations of the De- partment of State and related agencies dur- NOTE: The President spoke at 10:06 a.m. in the ing a period of fiscal constraint. Oval Office at the White House. I am especially pleased that this legislation includes language authorizing implementa- tion of the Administration’s international Remarks on the Situation in Rwanda broadcasting reorganization plan. The plan, April 30, 1994 to be implemented over 2 fiscal years, will achieve projected savings of approximately The horrors of civil war and mass killings $400 million over 4 years, while preserving of civilians in Rwanda, since the tragic deaths and enhancing the program quality, effec- of the Rwandan and Burundian Presidents tiveness, and professional integrity of U.S.- 3 weeks ago, have shocked and appalled the funded broadcast services. These services in- world community. clude the Voice of America, Radio Free Eu- On behalf of all of the American people, rope, Radio Liberty, Radio and Television I call on the Rwandan army and the Rwandan Marti, WorldNet, and a new Radio Free Asia Patriotic Front to agree to an immediate operation. cease-fire and return to negotiations aimed I very much appreciate that the funding at a lasting peace in their country. authorizations for the Department of State, I applaud the efforts of regional leaders USIA, and other agencies are sufficient to actively engaged in the quest for peace. I re- cover appropriations for this fiscal year, and affirm the American commitment to partici- for the levels requested by the Administra- pate in renewed negotiations under the tion for fiscal year 1995. I also appreciate Arusha framework. the authorizations for Contributions to Inter- The pain and suffering of the Rwandan national Organizations and Contributions for people have touched the hearts of all Ameri- International Peacekeeping Activities, which cans. It is time for the leaders of Rwanda are at the Administration’s request level, plus to recognize their common bond of humanity an additional $670 million in authorization and to reject the senseless and criminal vio- provided for a portion of the anticipated

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shortfall in fiscal year 1994 peacekeeping with the discharge of my constitutional re- funds. sponsibilities. However, earmarks in the Department of For example, section 412 (reforms in the State’s main operating accounts for activities World Health Organization), section 501 not requested by the Administration will se- (protection of refugee women and children), verely restrict the Department’s ability to section 527(b) (loans by international finan- meet planned levels for critical investments cial institutions to governments that have ex- in its information system and other infra- propriated property of U.S. citizens), and structure improvements. As part of the De- section 823 (loans or other payments by partment’s streamlining efforts, and with a international financial institutions for the constrained budget, the Secretary of State purpose of acquiring nuclear materials by needs the flexibility to allocate scarce re- non-nuclear states), purport specifically to di- sources where they are needed most. rect the President on how to proceed in ne- I am pleased at the inclusion of authorities gotiations with international organizations. necessary to implement the Department of These provisions might be construed to re- State’s reorganization plan. I regret, how- quire the Executive branch to espouse cer- ever, the provision that interferes with the tain substantive positions regarding specific Secretary’s plan to merge the Office of the issues. I support the policies underlying these Coordinator for Counter-Terrorism into the sections. My constitutional authority over proposed Bureau of Narcotics, Terrorism, foreign affairs, however, necessarily entails and Crime, where this activity would receive discretion over these matters. Accordingly, I the coordinated, high-level attention that I shall construe these provisions to be preca- believe would be the most effective in fight- tory. ing terrorism. Section 221 (the establishment of an office The bill also contains many useful authori- in Lhasa, Tibet), section 236 (an exchange ties that will assist the Department in im- program with the people of Tibet), and sec- proving the efficiency of its operations both tion 573 (an Office of Cambodian Genocide domestically and overseas. These include a Investigation, the activities of which are to new visa fee to be used for upgrading con- be carried out primarily in Cambodia), could sular systems and expanded authority to hire also interfere with the President’s constitu- U.S. citizens at posts abroad. Despite these tional prerogatives. I am sympathetic to the and many other useful authorities contained goals of these provisions. However, they in this bill, I have serious reservations con- could be construed to require the President cerning a number of its provisions. to negotiate with foreign countries or to take Section 141 would require the Depart- actions in those countries without their con- ment of State to allow local guard contracts sent. I will, therefore, implement them to the awarded to U.S. firms to be paid in U.S. dol- extent consistent with my constitutional re- lars in certain countries. Because many coun- sponsibilities. tries require that payment for services ren- As with the resources allocated to the De- dered locally be paid in local currency, this partment of State, I appreciate the appro- provision could force the United States to priations authorizations provided for USIA violate both host country law and its obliga- for fiscal years 1994 and 1995. There are, tions under the Vienna Convention on Diplo- however, certain earmarks, particularly in the matic Relations. I will seek to implement this exchange programs, that inhibit the flexibility section in the manner most consistent with that USIA needs to meet changing priorities. U.S. obligations under international law. In addition, I understand that the 1994 ap- Other provisions raise constitutional con- propriations authorizations provided for cerns. Article II of the Constitution confers USIA for salaries and expenses includes the the Executive power of the United States on authorization for administrative and staff the President alone. Executive power in- costs for the ‘‘Educational and Cultural Ex- cludes special authority in the area of foreign change Programs.’’ affairs. Certain provisions in H.R. 2333, how- I regret the repeal of the Voice of America ever, could be construed so as to interfere broadcast charter language (P.L. 94–350).

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My Administration will work with the Con- tional, educational, religious, cultural, or hu- gress to address this issue further. manitarian purposes or for public perform- Section 401 requires certain withholdings ance or exhibitions. Nor have we initiated any from U.S. assessed contributions for the action with respect to visa or currency restric- United Nations (U.N.) regular budget, and tions. from the fiscal year 1994 supplemental until Title VII, the Arms Control and Non- the President makes the requisite certifi- proliferation Act of 1994, reflects the prin- cation that the U.N. has established an office ciple that the USACDA must be a key partic- of and appointed an Inspector General, em- ipant on arms control and nonproliferation powered with specified authorities. Section matters. The conference report accompany- 404 also sets forth ceilings on assessments ing H.R. 2333 calls for a presumption that on the United States for peacekeeping con- the President should direct the USACDA to tributions. Although I share the Congress’ have primary responsibility for nonprolifera- goal of encouraging U.N. reform and broader tion matters absent compelling reasons to do cost sharing, I cannot endorse the method otherwise. It also suggests specific areas of proposed by these provisions because they responsibility in the nonproliferation field could place the United States in violation of that should be shifted to the USACDA. I do its international treaty obligations if reform not accept either the stated presumption or is not achieved within the stated time. the suggested shift, since such limitations Section 407 sets forth new reporting and would infringe on the discretion of the Presi- notification requirements, including a re- dent in carrying out foreign affairs. quirement for 15-day advance notification Title VIII contains provisions that raise sig- (with no waiver provision) before the United nificant constitutional concerns. Section 824 States provides certain in-kind assistance to would require an ‘‘opportunity for a hearing support U.N. peacekeeping operations. It is understood that the Congress, however, does on the record’’ prior to a Presidential deter- not consider this provision to be subject to mination to impose sanctions on any person the regular procedures on reprogramming contributing to nuclear proliferation through notifications. It is imperative at times to pro- financial transactions. It would also subject vide such assistance on an urgent basis to this determination to judicial review under further U.S. foreign policy interests. I will, the Administrative Procedures Act. These therefore, construe these reporting and noti- are extraordinary and unwarranted proce- fication requirements consistent with my dural requirements for a Presidential deter- constitutional prerogatives and responsibil- mination in the area of foreign affairs, and ities as Commander in Chief and head of the they raise serious constitutional concerns. Executive branch. I also note the under- The delay in holding hearings and the possi- standing reached with the Congress that this bility of delay pending judicial review would notification process will not include congres- severely undermine the effectiveness of sional ‘‘holds’’ on assistance when notification these sanctions. They would also eliminate does occur. the flexibility needed to impose sanctions The conference report accompanying H.R. quickly to address urgent foreign policy prob- 2333, with respect to section 525(a), Free lems and interfere with our nonproliferation Trade in Ideas, purports to describe the Ad- efforts. Nor is it clear how these procedures ministration’s policy with respect to restric- could function in view of the classified nature tions on travel or exchanges in the context of much of the material involved. In addition, of economic embargoes. We will carefully the broad reach of section 824 (which covers consider the sense of the Congress as we any person, not just financial entities) would complete our review of the standards for gen- complicate Federal enforcement of the pro- eral and specific licenses under embargo pro- posed sanctions and raises additional con- grams. We have not, however, committed as stitutional questions when coupled with the a matter of policy to broad regulatory or ad- extent of the specified sanctions (i.e., a com- ministrative changes to remove restrictions plete prohibition on the conduct of any new affecting travel or exchanges for informa- business activities).

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The juxtaposition of these elements in sec- mitment to maintaining a just and civil soci- tion 824 makes the provision essentially un- ety in a rapidly changing world. workable. I have been assured that this provi- With the triumph of democratic govern- sion will be corrected in a manner acceptable ments and judiciaries around the world, it to the Administration at the earliest possible seems particularly disturbing that our own date. Pending these corrections, and particu- legal system is tested daily by the epidemic larly in light of the constitutional problems, of crime and violence here at home. In I will interpret the statute as providing me America today, too many children must pass discretion to make the determinations pro- through metal detectors to go to school. Too vided for in this section. many are approached by drug dealers in pub- Finally, section 134 provides that when- lic parks, or worry that they will be victims ever the Department of State enters into a of drive-by shootings. The primary respon- lease-purchase agreement involving foreign sibility of government is to protect the free- countries, the Department shall account for dom of its citizens and to keep them safe such transactions ‘‘in accordance with fiscal from harm. Our tradition of jurisprudence year obligations.’’ The Administration’s inter- is the powerful embodiment of this ideal. But pretation is that this provision does not waive it is up to each of us to help ensure that the scoring rules governing lease-purchases this system remains true to its essential mis- under the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990. sion—freeing our people from fear while William J. Clinton protecting the liberties and rights of all. On this day, I urge every American to sup- The White House, port those who fight to promote respect for April 30, 1994. the law, from police officers, judges, and other members of the legal system to parents, NOTE: H.R. 2333, approved April 30, was assigned Public Law No. 103–236. teachers, and clergy. Let us find the strength to insist that law prevails over disorder, equality over discrimination, and justice over Proclamation 6679—Law Day, crime and prejudice. Let reverence for the U.S.A., 1994 laws, in the words of President Abraham Lin- April 30, 1994 coln, ‘‘be taught in schools, in seminaries, and in colleges; let it be written in primers, spell- By the President of the United States ing books, and in almanacs; let it be preached of America from the pulpit, proclaimed in legislative halls, and enforced in the courts of justice. A Proclamation .. .’’ In 1961, when President John F. Kennedy Now, Therefore, I, William J. Clinton, first proclaimed Law Day, U.S.A., he urged President of the United States of America, ‘‘Americans to rededicate themselves to the in accordance with Public Law 87-20 of April ideals of equality and justice under law in 7, 1961, do hereby proclaim May 1, 1994, their relations with each other and with other as ‘‘Law Day, U.S.A.’’ I request the people nations. . . .’’ of the United States to observe this day with President Kennedy’s challenge is no less such ceremonies and observances as will suit- urgent today. We live in a time when nations ably signal our heritage of freedom, our around the globe are struggling to break free rights under law, and our abiding commit- from the darkness of oppression into the light ment to assist others in vindicating their of law and justice. To many of the people rights. of these countries, the American rule of law I urge members of the legal profession, stands as a bright beacon guiding the way civic associations, and the media, as well as to a hopeful future. Law Day, U.S.A., offers educators, librarians, and public officials, to every American the opportunity to reflect promote this observance through appropriate upon our Nation’s proud example of respect programs and activities. I further call upon for the rights of individuals. More than that, all public officials to display the flag of the this day demands that we reaffirm our com- United States on all government buildings on

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Law Day, U.S.A., as a symbol of our dedica- designated May 1 of each year as ‘‘Loyalty tion to the rule of government under law. Day.’’ In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set Now, Therefore, I, William J. Clinton, my hand this thirtieth day of April, in the President of the United States of America, year of our Lord nineteen hundred and nine- do hereby proclaim May 1, 1994, as Loyalty ty-four, and of the Independence of the Day. I call upon all Americans to observe United States of America the two hundred this day with appropriate ceremonies and ac- and eighteenth. tivities, including public recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag of the William J. Clinton United States. I also call upon government officials to display the flag on all government [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 4:37 p.m., May 2, 1994] buildings and grounds on this day. In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set NOTE: This proclamation was published in the my hand this thirtieth day of April, in the Federal Register on May 4. year of our Lord nineteen hundred and nine- ty-four, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred Proclamation 6680—Loyalty Day, and eighteenth. 1994 William J. Clinton April 30, 1994 By the President of the United States [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 4:37 p.m., May 2, 1994] of America NOTE: This proclamation was published in the A Proclamation Federal Register on May 4. Each year, at the height of spring’s re- newal, Americans take the time to reaffirm our allegiance to our country and to the Proclamation 6681—Small Business ideals upon which it was founded. On this Week, 1994 ‘‘Loyalty Day,’’ we pledge to defend the April 30, 1994 blessings of American democracy. Ours is still a relatively young Nation, but By the President of the United States even in our brief history, we have seen many of America other forms of government come and go. We have witnessed the collapse of dictatorial re- A Proclamation gimes, while our brand of democracy has Small businesses create many new jobs in continued to evolve and flourish. Rather than the United States and are an important part establishing government control through the of our Nation’s international competitive- deprivation of basic human rights, our found- ness. Today, America’s 20 million small busi- ers realized that individual freedom and the nesses remain at the heart of our economy. right to self-determination are the most pow- These companies are the engines of growth, erful sources of national strength. This phi- and it is in small business that people con- losophy forms the bedrock upon which our tinue to find opportunity, pride, and dignity. Nation is built, and we continue to expand Indeed, small business is the lifeblood of and enforce its wise mandate to this very day. America’s free enterprise system. This is the Generations of Americans have dem- sector that creates two of every three new onstrated their loyalty and devotion to this jobs in our country, putting the American country, many risking their lives for the sake Dream within reach of hundreds of thou- of defending the common good. To ensure sands of men and women who provide the that this loyalty and love of country remain variety and ingenuity that are our greatest a vibrant part of each new generation, the natural resources. Small businesses employ Congress, by a joint resolution approved July more than 57 percent of the private U.S. 18, 1958 (72 Stat. 369; 36 U.S.C. 162), has work force, account for 54 percent of all

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sales, and generate half of the domestic pri- from the territory of the Republic of Latvia vate sector output. by August 31, 1994. I have contacted both As we move forward in a spirit of renewal leaders to offer my personal congratulations and change, there is one constant that must for their vision and statesmanship in conclud- prevail in the economy of the United States. ing this historic accord. Small business must continue to provide the Since the early days of my administration, solid foundation upon which this Nation among my highest foreign policy priorities builds its economic strength and maintains has been promoting agreement on an orderly its character. Government, working hand in withdrawal of Russian forces from the Baltic hand with entrepreneurs, must recognize countries. I discussed this frequently with these contributions and help small business President Yeltsin and President Ulmanis. create jobs and increase incomes. The United States has played an active role We must support and honor small business with both parties during the course of the for the contributions this sector makes to the Latvian-Russian negotiations. I believe that economy. And just as important, we should our engagement with both sides, along with remember that it is in small business that the support provided by other countries, in the United States finds energy, faith, and particular Sweden, has played a constructive confidence in our system of democracy and role in bringing this agreement to a success- free enterprise. Only by fully developing our ful conclusion. technological and human resources can we Over the course of their negotiations, both expect to be leaders in the global market- the Latvian and Russian Governments dis- place. played a pragmatic approach to resolving Now, Therefore, I, William J. Clinton, their differences. The understandings that President of the United States of America, this document embodies, including the con- by virtue of the authority vested in me by tinued operation of the radar installation at the Constitution and laws of the United Skrunda as a civilian facility, are testimony States, do hereby proclaim the week of May to the determination of both sides to con- 1 through May 7, 1994, as the 31st ‘‘Small clude an agreement that responds to Russian Business Week,’’ and I call on every Amer- concerns while affirming Latvia’s full and un- ican to join me in this tribute. restricted sovereignty and promoting its inte- In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set gration into the world community. my hand this thirtieth day of April, in the The agreement between Latvia and Russia year of our Lord nineteen hundred and nine- now opens the door to a more normal rela- ty-four, and of the Independence of the tionship between the two countries. It con- United States of America the two hundred stitutes an important contribution to overall and eighteenth. stability in the Baltic region and to European William J. Clinton security as a whole. I hope that this agree- ment also will help stimulate a speedy con- [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, clusion of the troop withdrawal negotiations 4:38 p.m., May 2, 1994] between Estonia and Russia.

NOTE: This proclamation was published in the Federal Register on May 4. Remarks to Americans With Disabilities Statement on the Agreement To May 2, 1994 Withdraw Russian Military Forces From Latvia Well, thank you, Stephanie and Denise, April 30, 1994 and thank you all for being here. I want to thank ADAPT; the National Council for I applaud today’s agreement signed by Independent Living; the Consortium of Citi- Latvian President Guntis Ulmanis and Rus- zens With Disabilities; recognize my good sian President Boris Yeltsin that will lead to friend Tony Coelho; Marca Bristo, the Chair the withdrawal of Russian military forces of the National Council on Disabilities, pend-

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ing confirmation. I’m honored to be given with no private health insurance—the health this book of signatures of genuine American care system is failing Americans with disabil- heroes who are fighting every day for their ities, but in so doing is failing us all, is making own rights and for genuine health care re- us less productive than we would otherwise form for all Americans. I want to say a special be, less strong than we would otherwise be. word of thanks to Justin Dart, who has risen It is costing more tax dollars and robbing us above partisanship to provide an example for of taxes that would come to America’s treas- all of us about what it really means to keep ury, not from higher tax rates but from more fighting the good fight—not only for Ameri- Americans working and paying taxes in the cans with disabilities. This is a fight for all ordinary course of their lives. We had better Americans who are touched by these prob- fix it now. lems. And I want to say a special word of After all of the incredible debates, after thanks to Kate Miles and her family for being all of the amazing ads where—and Justin just here today, for her determination, her cour- referred to one of them—you know, these age, her love, and for her ability to get up ads where they say—somebody calls up and here and tell their very moving personal says, ‘‘Well, we’ll have to call the Govern- story. ment and see if you can get your doctor,’’ I say this to make a special point. The all these incredibly bogus ads. We had better issues affecting Americans with disabilities— do this now. We had better do this now. Oth- they say, ‘‘Well, there are 49 million Ameri- erwise, the forces of disinformation, orga- cans with some sort of disability, and there nized disinformation, will think that the are 255 million of us total.’’ But if you con- American people actually prefer to have the sider all the family members of all of the most expensive, wasteful, bureaucratically Americans with disabilities, you’re getting cumbersome health care insurance financing very close to a majority of us who would be system on the entire face of the Earth, that affected in a positive way by the provisions they prefer that as opposed to giving a decent of the health security act that help Americans break to this fine family and to all of you. with disabilities, just those provisions. And I don’t believe the American people prefer in a very, moving and human way, Kate Miles that, and we had better make sure that no and Robert and their children—husbands, all one draws that historic lesson from this the families they stand for all across America, health care debate. they have reminded us what this is all about. There’s a lot of talk today about the whole The theme of your rally today is ‘‘Bridge term ‘‘empowerment’’. It risks becoming a to Freedom,’’ and I want to talk a little about buzzword. There is an empowerment tele- that. The Americans with disability law was vision network. But frankly, I like it. It a bridge to freedom. But it’s only part of the encaptures something that is uniquely Amer- equation. It’s only part of the equation. What ican: the idea that people ought to be able about economic freedom? How many Ameri- to live up to the fullest of their God-given cans with disabilities are denied the chance abilities and that the Government should fa- to do work they are able to do not because cilitate people fulfilling themselves, not just of discrimination per se but because of the be a paternalistic Government doing things way the health care system works. This is not for people. I have believed in that for years. just a health care issue, it’s a work issue. How Long before I ever became President, I much better off would the rest of us be if worked on things that I thought would pro- every American with a disability who was mote empowerment: more choices for par- willing to work, could work because of ents and children in education, tax breaks for changes in the health care system? It’s self- lower income working people, some of the defeating to say to the Americans with dis- things that we’ve also promoted here in abilities, ‘‘You can have health benefits, but Washington. The family and medical leave only if you spend yourself into poverty, and act here in my Presidency was an empower- above all, you must not work.’’ ment bill that enables people to be good par- Forty-nine million Americans with disabil- ents and good workers at the same time, the ities, 24 million with severe disabilities, half empowerment zone concept that

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we passed through the economic program This is a profoundly important issue. But last time, lower student loans—lower interest we cannot do it unless we find a way for ev- rates for student loans and better paybacks— eryone to have access and actually be covered is an empowerment notion. National service by insurance. Nine out of 10 Americans who is an empowerment notion: let people have have private insurance today have it at work. the strength at the grassroots level to solve Eight out of 10 Americans who don’t have their own problems. insurance, like this fine young man here, are Empowerment involves work and family in families where there is at least one working and self-fulfillment in a responsible way. person. Therefore, it makes logical sense to How can we empower the American people say that people who do work should be cov- when 81 million of us live in families with ered through work with a combination of re- preexisting conditions; when the average sponsibility, just as this family has, from em- American, in the normal course of an eco- ployers and the employee. And then people nomic lifetime, now will change jobs eight who are not working should be covered from times; when this fine man cannot change a a public fund. That is our plan; hardly a Gov- job, even if he gets a better job offer, because ernment takeover of health care. he can’t insure his child? Is that empower- And it makes sense for the Government ment? No, it is the very reverse. So when to empower small business to be able to af- we try to fix it, what do our adversaries say? ford this by providing the opportunity to be ‘‘They’re trying to have the Government take in buyers’ co-ops so that small businesses, over the health care system.’’ False. Private self-employed people, and farmers can buy insurance, private providers, empowerment insurance on the same term big business and for this man, this woman, these children, Government can, and thereby can afford to their families, and their futures. [Applause] hire persons with disabilities. Because they Can you stay around here until this is over? will be insured in big pools so that if there [Laughter] You’re great. is one big bill for this young man here, the Now, they say—let’s not kid ourselves, if insurer does not go broke. this were easy, it would have been done al- And furthermore, it makes sense to give ready, right? Somebody would have been— small businesses a discount because a lot of people have been trying to do it for 60 years. them have financial burdens and lower profit What is the nub of this? The nub is the ques- margins, and so we do that. That is the role tion of how to cover everybody and then how of the Government in this: require people to give small businesses the same market who don’t provide insurance to their employ- power in buying insurance that big business ees to do it in partnership with their employ- and Government have. Because all across ees; let small businesses go into big buyers’ America, Government and big business are co-ops so they can buy insurance on the same downsizing, and small businesses are grow- terms that the President and the Congress ing. I might say, that means we better fix can and people who work for big companies this now, because 10 years from now you’ll can; eliminate discrimination so that people have a smaller percentage of people working can move from job to job by removing the for Government and big business and a larger problems of preexisting conditions; and fi- percentage of people working for small busi- nally, face the fact that if you look at the ness. And if we do not fix this now, this is aging population and the disabled popu- going to get worse, not better. lation, we must do something to support We already have about 100,000 Americans long-term care that is community-based and a month losing their insurance permanently. home-based. In the future, if we’re going to be caught This is empowerment. This plan helps a up in the kind of a world that I want, where person with a disability to be able to take we have open borders and we trade and we a job by including a tax credit for personal have these churning, fascinating, ever-chang- assistance services worth 50 percent of what ing economies, we had better fix it now, be- he or she earns. That’s empowerment. But cause people will change jobs more often, home and community based long-term care not less often. is also empowerment. And it also, over the

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long run, will be less expensive. Does it cost of every move, those of us who want change, more in the short run? Yes, it costs some because we live in a system that is com- extra money. But if you look at the popu- plicated. So it is not simple to fix it. lation trends in this country, if you look at So I plead with you, a lot of you will con- the people with disabilities who are surviving tact Members of Congress who voted for the and having lives that are meaningful, if you Americans With Disabilities Act who are not look at the fastest growing group of Ameri- yet prepared to vote to make sure every cans being people over 65, and within that American has health insurance and who do group the fastest growing being people over not understand yet that you cannot eliminate 80, this is something we have to face as a preexisting conditions and you cannot elimi- people. We will either do it now in a rational nate other discriminatory practices and you way, or we will be dragged kicking and cannot afford to begin to provide long-term screaming into it piecemeal, Band-Aid-like, care that is community-based and home- over the next 10 years. But, make no mistake based unless you set up a system where ev- about it, we cannot run away from this, be- erybody has health care insurance, where cause we cannot afford either to have every- small businesses can buy on the same terms body in the world forced into a nursing home big business and Government can and where or living in abject neglect. We can’t do one insurers insure in big enough pools so that of the two things. nobody goes broke when they do insure a So I say to you, all of you know that there family where a member has a disability and is no perfect solution, no easy solution. All where small businesses get a discount. Those of you know that our bill, in order to pay are the things we try to do with the power for it, phases some of these services in. But of Government. it recognizes the reality of who we are as a It is a legitimate thing to do, but when people and what we need. We need the work you strip it all away, what we’re really trying of every American who can work. We need to do is to empower the families of this coun- the respect, the dignity of every American. try to live in dignity, to work in dignity, and And we need to provide the opportunity for to fulfill themselves. And in a strange way, every American to live up to his or her capac- this is a battle that the disability community, ity in the least restrictive environment that known so well to the Members of Congress, that person might choose. We need to secure being so successful in the passage of the for the American economy the services of Americans With Disabilities Act, this is a bat- every person who wishes to be and is capable tle that you may be able to lead for the rest of being a successful worker. We need to stop of America that they do not understand. seeing Government health care expenditures So I ask you to do that, be an agent of go up 2 and 3 times the rate of inflation every change, an agent of empowerment, never year to pay more for the same health care. forget that you are carrying on your shoulders We need to stop spending more money on now not only your own cause but ours as well. paperwork and administrative costs, because We cannot, in the end, fully unleash the of the health care financing system in this forces of all human Americans until we do country, than any other country in the world. this. And we cannot do this with all the resist- We can do all of that and keep the doctors, ance and all the organized opposition, with the nurses, the health care system we have. the sheer intellectual difficulty of the tasks, That’s why there are so many thousands and unless people like you can break through. thousands, indeed millions now, of nurses, You can break through to those Members of health care providers, and physicians who Congress. You can do it. You can do it. And have supported our cause. we need you, all the rest of America, we need And so I ask you, the real problem with you to do it. this, I am convinced, is that there is no way, Good luck, and God bless you. to use the political vernacular, to ‘‘kiss’’ it, NOTE: The President spoke at 9:55 a.m. in the to ‘‘keep it simple, stupid.’’ That’s what peo- East Room at the White House. In his remarks, ple always tell me, you know. [Laughter] The he referred to Stephanie Thomas, co-operator of real problem here is that we bear the burden the Austin, TX, chapter, American Disabled for

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Attendant Programs Today; Denise Figueroa, forcement Association; Mark Spurrier, the president, National Council on Independent Liv- Director of the Major City Chiefs; and Chuck ing; Tony Coelho, Chair, and Justin Dart, former Wexler, who’s with the Police Executives Re- Chair, President’s Committee on the Employment search Forum. of People With Disabilities; and Kate Miles, moth- I want you all to think about what all er of a disabled son and advocate for long-term care and health care reform. you’ve heard. There are a lot of people in this audience today who have experienced a loss of life in their own family. And I realize Remarks on Legislation To Ban that here today, in a fundamental way, we’re Assault Weapons sort of preaching to the saved. But what we May 2, 1994 hope to do here is to energize you to talk to those last few Members of the House. We Thank you very much, Chief. He’s come need to put this bill over the top, to tell them a long way from Wisconsin to bring a little this is not about gun control; it’s about crime Middle Western common sense to the Na- control. tion’s Capital. You know, I would never do anything to When the House of Representatives votes infringe on the rights of sportsmen and this week on Thursday, they shouldn’t forget women in this country. I have—I guess I was the tragedy that the Chief just talked about. 12 years old the first time I fired a .22 or Think about it, a 30-year veteran of the police a .410. But I think to hide behind the rights department killed by an M1–A1 assault rifle of sports people to justify the kind of uncon- after a bank robbery, two other police offi- scionable behavior that takes place every sin- cers and a hostage also wounded. These gle day on the streets of this country is an things can be prevented. unforgivable abuse of our common right to I also want to thank John Magaw for what be hunters. It is an abuse of that. he’s said. He’s done a fine job as Director All over the world today, all you have to of the Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms Divi- do is pick up the newspaper, any given day, sion. And before that he was the Director and you see how we are worried about the of the Secret Service. I think you could tell disintegration of civic life in other countries. his heartfelt concern there. He has two sons We read about the horror of Bosnia, and we and a son-in-law, all in law enforcement. say, my God, why can’t the Muslims and the They deserve a chance to do their job with Serbs and the Croats just get along? We read less danger, not more. about bodies being thrown into the river in I thank Secretary Bentsen for his sterling Rwanda and say, Good Lord, why are those leadership. We joked a lot of times about people doing that to each other? We read whether there will be somebody blocking his now about the rise of organized crime in Rus- entrance to his ranch when he goes quail sia, and it breaks our heart. They finally get hunting this fall—[laughter]—but I don’t rid of communism and they try to go to a really think so. more entrepreneurial society, and a new One of the things that I’ve learned since group of dark organizations springs up and I’ve been here, even more than when I was commits murder. We worry about what’s a Governor, is that very often a lot of these happening in our neighboring country south organized interest groups don’t always rep- of our border, especially to our friends in resent the members, their unorganized Mexico, when we hear about what’s being members, and what they really feel in their done there by people running drugs. heart of hearts. And we worry, we worry, we worry, and I want to thank the leaders of the law en- we don’t look around and see we have more forcement organizations that are here today: people behind bars already in this country, Bob Scully, the Director of the National As- a higher percentage of our population, than sociation of Police Organizations; Sylvester any country in the world, already. And when Daughtry, the President of the International we come up with a bill like this, they say Association of Chiefs of Police; John Pitta, you ought to put more people in jail and keep the Vice President of the Federal Law En- them there longer. Well, some people ought

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to go to jail longer, and our crime bill does protection we ever had for the means of that. hunting.’’ But our disintegration, my fellow Ameri- And I really—I was proud of what Mr. cans, is in the streets of our cities where, Magaw said, talking about the only color— as John Magaw says, we have suffered a I mean, I have heard people with a straight breakdown of family and work and commu- face saying, ‘‘Well, there are some adults that nity, and where that vacuum has been filled like to go target practice with these things.’’ by guns like this and people who use them Well, they need to read a good book— in a very well organized way. [laughter]—or take up bowling or just fol- Will this solve all of the problems in Amer- low—or, you know, you can hunt nearly 12 ica? No. Like John said, this is a puzzle. months out of the year if you hunt every- We’re trying to fill in the puzzle with the thing. [Laughter] This is—it is imperative. crime bill. And in the end, the puzzle has We just have a few days left. to be filled by people like this fine chief out And I urge you to spend less time with there on the streets of our cities, and whether each other and more time putting the ham- the people who live in his community will mer of your feelings into the deliberations work with it to take their streets back. But in the House of Representatives. And some- I’m telling you: This is an amazing—it’s thing else: No good Member of the House amazing to me that we even have to have or Senate, no Republican or Democrat, no this debate. I mean, how long are we going rural legislator should ever fear losing their to let this go on? seat for voting for this bill. And something San Francisco last summer, a gunman car- else you ought to do is tell every office you rying two TEK–9’s killed eight people and call: ‘‘If you do this, I will fight for you for wounded six others. Last week, when we had voting for this; I will—there may be dif- an event for this bill, I’m sure a lot of you ferences over other issues, but I will do ev- saw the husband of one of the women who erything I can to see that nothing diminishes was killed in that tragedy, Steve Sposato, who your standing because of this.’’ now is raising his beautiful daughter by him- self. This is not a complicated issue. And we will have more issues like this. Every great Yes, that guy was crazy, and maybe he’d have gone in there with that old six-shooter society is going to face, for the foreseeable and killed somebody, but Steve Sposato future, these incredible tensions between our would like to have his wife’s chances back. freedom and our abuse of our freedom, be- Five years ago, a gunman using an AK- tween the need for liberty and the need for 47 killed five elementary school kids. This order, between our desire to have an entre- happens every day. We lost two people and preneurial, free-flowing society and the abso- had three more wounded outside the CIA lute need for some discipline that enables headquarters last year. Remember that, with us to live as human beings civilly together a gunman with an AK–47. and give our children a chance to grow up. So I say to you, I’m sorry to be so frus- And some of the decisions we’ll have to trated, but sometimes it seems that the Presi- make will be more difficult than this. But dent’s job ought to be dealing with things this is a lay-down no-brainer—[laughter]— that are not obvious. I mean, at least health and the Congress must not walk away from care is a complex subject. It’s obvious we it. Please help us to pass it. need to do something about it, but it’s com- Thank you. plicated. I concede that; I welcome these de- bates. NOTE: The President spoke at 12:37 p.m. in Room How can we walk away from this? Espe- 450 of the Old Executive Office Building. In his cially when this bill protects over 650 specific remarks, he referred to Chief David Steingraber, hunting weapons? I mean, I don’t understand head of the Wisconsin Police Chiefs Association. why the organizations aren’t saying, ‘‘Well, hallelujah, this is the first Federal explicit

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Executive Order 12913—Revocation Statement by the Press Secretary on of Executive Order No. 12582 the President’s Meeting With Vice Premier Zou Jiahua of China May 2, 1994 May 2, 1994 By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United Haiti States of America, including section 1440 of President Clinton met today in the Oval title 8, United States Code, and in consider- Office with Chinese Vice Premier Zou ation of Matter of Reyes, 910 F.2d 611 (9th Jiahua. The meeting, which lasted 40 min- Cir. 1990), I hereby order as follows: utes, provided both sides with an opportunity Section 1. Executive Order No. 12582 is to exchange views on the current state of revoked and shall be treated as void, effective U.S.-China relations. February 2, 1987. President Clinton told the Vice Premier Sec. 2. Revocation of Executive Order No. that the United States wants to see a strong, 12582 is not intended to affect the status of stable, and prosperous China. The President anyone who was naturalized pursuant to the emphasized that he wants to strengthen our terms of that order prior to the date of publi- bilateral relationship, but to accomplish that cation of this order in the Federal Register. goal there needs to be progress on human rights as called for in last year’s Executive order. William J. Clinton Vice Premier Zou was accompanied, The White House, among others, by Vice Foreign Minister Liu Hiaqui, Vice Minister Zeng Peiyan from the May 2, 1994. State Planning Commission, and Ambassador Li Daoyu. [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 11:40 a.m., May 3, 1994] Exchange With Reporters Prior to NOTE: This Executive order was published in the Departure for Atlanta, Georgia Federal Register on May 4. May 3, 1994 Haiti Message to the Congress Reporting a Q. Mr. President, are you going to send Budget Deferral military advisers to Haiti? What is our Haiti policy, and are you thinking about military May 2, 1994 action or advisers or trainers, sir? The President. Right now, what we’re To the Congress of the United States: doing is to put in place a stiffer sanctions In accordance with the Congressional policy, consistent with what President Budget and Impoundment Control Act of Aristide has been asking for some months 1974, I herewith report one revised deferral now. And we want to have a better enforce- of budget authority, totaling $7.3 million. ment of the sanctions we have as well as the The deferral affects the Department of stiffer sanctions. And I don’t think it’s useful Health and Human Services. The details of to rule out any option, and I’m not ruling the revised deferral is contained in the at- out any option. tached report. But to use a phrase the Vice President made famous in 1992, ‘‘It’s time for them William J. Clinton to go.’’ I mean, the military leaders of Haiti have abused their authority. They have The White House, begun to clearly kill more innocent civilians, May 2, 1994. people not even directly involved in the polit- ical life of the country.

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I think the United States and the world the divide and try to confuse you folks out is outraged by it. And we’ve tried other initia- here in the country with negative images and tives, and they have not worked. We have useless rhetoric. But there are some things done our best to work through this, and the that do not change. In the end, we will all things we have done have not worked. So be judged on whether we have done what we’re now doing this sanctions regime, as is right to bring this country together and recommended by President Aristide and oth- to move this country forward, to make it pos- ers, but we’re not ruling out anything. sible for every man and woman, every boy and girl to live to the fullest of their God- NOTE: The exchange began at 10:15 a.m. on the given capacities. That is our common obliga- South Lawn at the White House. tion and our great opportunity. And I am doing my best to seize it for you as President Remarks to the Community in of the United States. Atlanta I asked the United States Congress last May 3, 1994 year to pass an economic plan that would bring the deficit down and drive investment Thank you so much. Thank you for being up, that would drive interest rates down, here and in such large numbers and with keep inflation down, create jobs, and move such enthusiasm. Thank you, Mayor, for that this country forward. And the Congress did wonderful introduction. Thank you, Gov- it in the face of withering, withering hot air ernor and Mrs. Miller and secretary of state and rhetoric. And all the people who were Cleland, Commissioner, Congressman against it said, ‘‘Well, if you do this, all the Lewis, Congresswoman McKinney, and la- middle class people in America will have dies and gentlemen. Thank the Wings of their income taxes go up, and the economy Faith Choir and the Morehouse College Glee will collapse.’’ Well, what happened? Club, and all those who sang for us, thank The economic plan passed. Interest rates you. went down; investment went up. Last year, It is good to be back in Georgia and At- in the first 14 months of our administration, lanta again. I went running the other day with 21⁄2 million new jobs were created, more than a number of members of the United States the previous 4 years. And we are moving this Olympic Team for the Winter Olympics. My country forward. wife and daughter represented us there in It is true that 1.2 percent of the American Lillehammer, and I could at least keep up people paid more in income taxes, but it all with the winter Olympians. I don’t think I went to pay down the deficit. And we cut can keep up with the summer Olympians, even more in spending. And this year, one but I’ll be here in 1996 to cheer them on in six working families will get an income tax along with you. cut so that they will not fall into poverty and I want to thank all of you who came here be tempted to choose welfare over work. We with these ‘‘America Back On Track’’ signs. are going to choose work over welfare by not You know, I ran for President because I taxing people into welfare, but lifting them thought our country was not on the right out for work. track; because I was worried about my And I have now presented a budget to the daughter growing up to be part of the first Congress which eliminates 100 Government generation of Americans that did not do bet- programs, cuts over 200 more, has no tax in- ter than their parents; because I thought our creases, and if adopted, will give us 3 years country was being too divided by party, by of declining deficits for the first time since race, by region, with arguments about what Harry Truman was the President of the was right or left or liberal or conservative, United States of America. obscuring the truth, the facts, and a way to That is not partisan rhetoric, my fellow the future. Americans. And that’s not all that liberal and Frankly, there is still a lot of that in our conservative talk in the air. That’s just the politics and too much of that in Washington, facts. We are doing it. And what we need where people scream at each other across in America is more people to leave aside the

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hot air, roll up their sleeves, and go to work education and training, so they can move on the promise and the problems of this from school to work with high skills and bet- country in that way. ter opportunity in the future. They said when I took office all the Demo- And then we are going to take up a bill crats were for big Government. Well, let me to totally change the unemployment system. tell you something. The budget I gave to the You know, a lot of you here can identify with Congress does provide more money for Head this. It used to be when people lost their jobs, Start, more money for new technologies and they were just laid off for a while, and then job training, more money for education and they were called back to their old jobs. so training our people in the future. But you the unemployment system gave them enough know what? It still reduces domestic spend- to live on while that happened. Now, most ing in everything but health care for the first people who are laid off do not get called back time since 1969. No other President has been to their old jobs; should not be allowed to able to do that. If the Congress adopts it, wait month after month after month but in- we’ll do it for the first time since ‘69. stead should be able, from the day they are This is not a partisan issue. It’s a question laid off, to immediately start a training pro- of whether we’re going to do what it takes gram and a new set of job searches. And to get this country going again so those little that’s what we’re trying to do with this reem- children will have a future. That is what is ployment system, instead of an unemploy- at stake. ment program. And now we have many challenges before We are working on a crime bill in Wash- us. We must keep this economy strong. The ington which mirrors a lot of what Governor economy of Georgia last year—in the last Miller and the legislature have done here: year—has produced 150,000 new jobs, the to put more police officers on the street; to fastest growing economy east of the Mis- help cities like Atlanta have community po- sissippi River. You have benefited from this, lice officers who walk the streets, know the and we have to keep it going. kids, know the neighbors, and can reduce If you look ahead to this year—I came here crime as well as catch criminals; one that has today to be part of a remarkable thing that tougher penalties but also alternative punish- CNN is sponsoring, making you the tele- ments, like boot camps for first-time offend- communications capital of the world. Tonight ers; one that will give us a chance to have I will be talking with people not only all drug treatment as well as tougher punish- across America but with 75 million people, ment. These are the kinds of things that we at least, in over 100 other countries, people need to do to make this country safe again. asking questions about what this world is And we’re going to do it this year in Washing- going to be like and what America’s role is ton, just as you’ve been trying to do it in in it. And I want to say something that you Georgia. know here: We cannot withdraw from the Soon I will present to the Congress a wel- world. Last year, we made more progress in fare reform program designed to begin the opening America’s borders to new trade, new process of ending the whole welfare system investment, and reaching out to the rest of as we know it. And a lot of that welfare re- the world, than had been made in a genera- form program is like what you are doing here tion. This year, the Congress has got to adopt in Georgia. People want to be independent, the new world trade agreement. This year not dependent. People want to succeed as we have got to adopt new systems for educat- parents and workers. And we have to give ing and training our people so they can com- them the tools, the incentives, and, if nec- pete in that global economy. We’re going to essary, the requirements to do just that. And be challenged to do that. I believe we can. And I think the American Tomorrow I’m going back to the White people want us to do it. House to sign a bill that will, for the first Finally, let me say that when you look at time, put in place a national system for all all this, it all brings you back to the begin- the young people in our country who don’t ning. We are moving into a new and different go on to 4-year colleges but do need more and very exciting time in which the young

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people here will be able to grow up, if we opportunity for the facts to come out. The complete our work at dismantling the nuclear Georgia economy’s doing well. It’s done arsenals of other countries, unafraid of nu- much better since I’ve been elected Presi- clear war. I was so proud to be able to go dent. The economic program, which we to Russia and sign an agreement where we passed—a lot of the Republicans, including agreed that for the first time in decades we some of the prominent Republicans in Geor- would no longer even point our missiles at gia, accused us of raising income taxes on each other. That is a good thing. everybody. Now they know, the American But if you look all over the world, with people know, only 1.2 percent of the Amer- the end of the cold war and the opening up ican people paid higher income taxes. And of new technologies and the increasing this year, one in six working families will get entrepreneurialism and the more rapid pace a tax cut. We’re reducing the deficit. And of change, there are dangers there, too. Be- under our administration, we’ll have 3 years cause now countries instead of invading each of declining deficits for the first time since other are fighting from within, from Bosnia Truman. to Rwanda. And even countries that are try- So the economy’s doing better. We passed ing to promote democracy are made more sweeping education and training reforms. vulnerable by high technology and organized We’re passing the toughest crime bill in criminal activity, from organized crime in American history. We’re going to pass wel- Russia to the drug kingpins in Mexico and fare reform. We’re dealing with the problems South America, to the gangs that terrorize of America. And I think by election time that the streets of the United States of America. should be very helpful. That’ll be a good en- We have great tests and challenges before vironment in which Democrats can run. We us, each of us within our borders and across Democrats don’t have the kind of machine, our borders. But the next century can be the in a way—media machine—that the Repub- best time America has ever known. And the licans do, sort of spewing out all this venom young people in this audience can have the and all this labeling and name-calling all the best life any group of Americans has ever time. So we get down sometimes, but we’ll known if we have the courage and the vision get back up. and the wisdom to cool down the traditional Georgia—Atlanta has benefited greatly politics-as-usual, to reduce the gridlock, to from the trade initiatives of this administra- reduce the hot air, to reduce the name-call- tion, from the North American Free Trade ing, and instead think about the people that Agreement, from the worldwide trade agree- live in this country and do something to bring ment, from our outreach to Asia. So I think them together and move them forward. That the record—the economic benefits and the is my promise to you. fact that we reflect middle class values and Thank you, and God bless you all. welfare reform, the crime initiative, and other things, all those things will help the NOTE: The President spoke at 1:12 p.m. in the Democrats by November. CNN Center Atrium. In his remarks, he referred Q. Do you take a fairly relaxed attitude to Mayor Bill Campbell of Atlanta; Governor Zell Miller of Georgia; secretary of state Max Cleland about the fact that some Members of the of Georgia; and state agriculture commissioner, Georgia delegation, congressional delegation, Thomas T. Irvin. would just as soon stay in Washington and not right now come down and be with you? The President. Sure, I take a fairly relaxed Remarks and an Exchange With attitude about whatever they want to do. But Reporters on Departure From the I think the—you’ve got to understand, in the CNN International Studio in Atlanta rural South where you’ve got Rush Limbaugh May 3, 1994 and all this right-wing extremist media just pouring venom at us every day and nothing Congressional Elections to counter that, we need an election to get The President. [Inaudible]—the elections the facts out. So I really—I welcome the will help, because the elections will give an election—American people find out the

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truth, they’re going to support people who and allies in the region, and we’re going to didn’t say no every time. do our best to bring a conclusion to this be- Essentially these Democrats, most of them fore more people die innocently and con- have said yes to America. They’ve said yes tinue to suffer. But we cannot remove the on crime, yes on getting the deficit down, military option. We have to keep that as an yes on getting the economy going, yes on option. moving the country forward. We have ended Q. It sounds like your patience is running gridlock. It took us years and years and years out. to pass some of this anticrime initiatives and President Clinton. I think it has run out; other things that we’re doing now. And when maybe we’ve let it run on a bit too long. But the American people see the facts, even in we’re—the United States is very sensitive to the places which were tough for us, I think the fact that without our direct intervention, that the Democrats will do very, very well, today, all governments in Latin America, because they’ll have their own record to run Central America, and the Caribbean have on. So I’m kind of looking forward to it. elected leaders except two—Haiti has ousted theirs, and Cuba. And we have done that in NOTE: The President spoke at approximately 3 a spirit of partnership at its best in Latin p.m. at the studio. A tape was not available for verification of the content of these remarks. America. When we have intervened in the past it hasn’t worked out very well. The work that President Carter has done Exchange With Reporters Following in Central America on elections—he’s about a Meeting With President Jimmy to go back to Panama—is an example of Carter in Atlanta America at its best being a genuine good May 3, 1994 neighbor to those countries. And that’s the best approach. But this is an unusual and in Haiti some ways unprecedented circumstance. Q. President Clinton, is military interven- We’re going to keep trying to find other ways tion on the table? to do it, but we cannot remove the military President Clinton. I agree with what option. President Carter said. That’s basically what I said this morning, and I believe that. After South Africa all, we had an agreement, a Governors Island Q. Mr. President, how much aid do you Agreement, which was broken. And I think have in mind for the new government in the military leaders are going to have to un- South Africa? derstand that we have been very patient. President Clinton. Well, I’m going to talk After they reneged on the Governors Island about that a little tonight. We’re going to Agreement, we went back and spent a few roughly double what we had previously more months trying to come up with some scheduled. alternative formula. President Aristide did Q. Which was? not dispute the fact that he had to broaden President Clinton. And I think it will be his political base in order to effectively gov- about $600 million over 3 years, something ern. He was willing to do that. And we have like that. I will have the figure tonight. I’m worked on this for months now. trying to—because I asked today, ironically For the last several weeks we keep getting that you asked this, for a little more informa- reports not only of Aristide backers but of tion about some of the programs, and I’m civilians being not only murdered, but muti- going now to prepare for the program to- lated. And I think it’s time for a new initia- night. So I’ll have it nailed down exactly tive. We’re now, as you know, doing two about what we’re going to do. But we’re things: We’re going for stronger sanctions in going to have a big increase in our aid, and the U.N. and stiffening the enforcement of I hope we’ll be able to sustain it for some the sanctions we have, consistent with what time, because if the South African miracle President Aristide has wanted all along. can be translated from an election into the We’re going to consult with all of our friends lives of the people there, then the promise

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that that would have for lifting all of southern empire. A global economy has collapsed dis- Africa and setting an example that others tances and expanded opportunity, because of might follow is quite extraordinary. a communications revolution symbolized I think the whole world has been moved most clearly by CNN and what all of us are by the size of the turnout, by the profound doing this evening all around the world. passion of the people, and by the rather mi- We are front-row history witnesses. We raculous partnership between Mr. Mandela see things as they occur. I remember when and Mr. de Klerk, and the fact that Chief I was a young man watching the news on Buthelezi and the Inkatha Party came back television at night. There was only a small in the 11th hour, participated, and apparently amount of coverage allotted to the world have done as about projected and will be a scene, and very often the footage I would part of the government. So I’m hoping that see as a boy would be a whole day old. Now this is all going to work out fine. we’re impatient if we learn about things an hour after they occur instead of seeing them Supreme Court Appointment in the moment. Q. Mr. President, would you appoint The Berlin Wall has been toppled. A hand- someone on the Supreme Court without shake of hope has started the series of peace interviewing them yourself? news that will be necessary at long last to President Jimmy Carter. I would. bring peace to the troubled Middle East. And President Clinton. Did you hear what he this week we saw these glorious and unfor- said? He said, ‘‘I would.’’ [Laughter] gettable scenes of millions of South Africans of all races lining up with joy and courage NOTE: The exchange began at 5:23 p.m. at the to give birth to their new multiracial democ- Carter Center. President Jimmy Carter made wel- racy. coming remarks and answered reporters’ ques- tions prior to the President’s remarks. A tape was But all of us know that this era poses dan- not available for verification of the content of this gers as well. Russia and the other former exchange. Communist states are going through wrench- ing transitions. The end of the superpower standoff between the United States and the Interview on CNN’s ‘‘Global Forum Soviet Union lifted the lid off a cauldron of With President Clinton’’ smoldering ethnic hatreds. And there is now May 3, 1994 so much aggression within the national bor- ders of countries all around the world. In- The President. Thank you. Thank you deed, all of us feel our humanity threatened very much. Mr. Johnson, Mr. Turner, and as much by fights going on within the borders ladies and gentlemen, good evening. I want of nations as by the dangers of fighting across to welcome those of you who are here at the national borders. CNN conference and the millions more who There are regimes, such as Iraq, Iran, and are watching all across the world tonight. I North Korea, who persist in working to de- also want to thank the Carter Center for velop weapons of mass destruction. We see hosting us for this pathbreaking discussion brutal human rights abuses from Haiti to of world events. Rwanda and dire humanitarian and environ- Throughout the history of the United mental problems from the sweeping AIDS States and particularly after major conflicts, epidemic and desertification in Africa to de- America has had to reexamine how we define forestation in Latin America and Asia. our security and what kind of world we hope In the face of so much promise and trou- to live in and leave our children and what ble, we have a chance, a chance to create our responsibilities for that world are. With conditions of greater peace and prosperity the cold war over we have clearly come to and hopefully more lasting peace and pros- another such moment, a time of great change perity, but only if the world’s leading nations and possibility. The specter of nuclear anni- stay actively engaged in the effort. hilation is clearly receding. A score of new With the cold war over, there are pressures democracies has replaced the former Soviet here in America and in other nations around

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the world to turn inward, to focus on needs readiness of our men and women in uniform at home. Here at home for us that means remains a bulwark of our freedom and free- things like job creation and reducing crime dom in many places abroad. and providing health care to all our citizens. Last year, we completed a sweeping as- It is right, and indeed imperative, for us to sessment of what military forces we now address these needs. But the United States need in order to meet this era’s threats. We cannot turn our back on the world, nor can concluded that we must have forces that can other nations. I know our engagement costs fight and win two major regional conflicts money, and sometimes it costs lives. I know nearly simultaneously. These forces will cost well that we cannot solve every problem, nor less than what was needed during the cold should we try. But in an era of change and war, but we must not cut too far. And I have opportunity and peril, America must be will- fought against deeper cuts in our defenses ing to assume the obligations and the risks that would weaken our ability to be ready of leadership. And I am determined to see to defend our interests. that we do that. We’re taking other steps to meet the It is important that we have a clear road threats of this new era. At the NATO summit map in a new era based on our national inter- convened in January, we and our NATO al- ests and our clearly stated values, a road map lies adopted the concept of the Partnership that charts where we’re trying to go. Tonight For Peace to help draw former Communist let me briefly sketch it out before taking states and other states in Europe not pres- questions. ently aligned with NATO into closer security Our highest priority and my highest prior- cooperation with Western Europe. We’re ity as President must continue to be simply working to increase regional security in areas and clearly to protect our land, our people, like the Middle East, where we hope tomor- and our way of life. That is the core of our row Israel and the PLO will sign an impor- national interest. We also must seize oppor- tant accord that builds on the promise of tunities that will enhance our safety and our their breakthrough last September. prosperity, acting alone when necessary, act- We’re continuing to reduce the world’s nu- ing with others whenever possible. clear dangers, working to end North Korea’s We have an interest in continuing to serve dangerous nuclear program. We started ne- as a beacon of strength and freedom and gotiations on a comprehensive test ban. hope. For we are, after all, a unique nation. When I took office, four former Soviet re- We are the world’s most powerful arsenal, publics had nuclear weapons. We succeeded its oldest democracy, its most daring experi- with three of them in nailing down commit- ment in forging different races, religions, and ments to eliminate their entire nuclear arse- cultures into a single people. nals. And we are proceeding in that impor- Since taking office, my strategy to advance tant work. And now, for the very first time, those interests has been based on three prior- our nuclear missiles are no longer targeted ities: first, developing policies to meet the at Russia, nor theirs at us. security challenges of this new era and then The second part of our strategy is to place shaping our defense forces necessary to carry economic progress at the center of our poli- out those policies; second, making our Na- cies abroad. For too many years there was tion’s global economic interests an integral a dangerous dislocation here in America be- and essential part of our foreign policies; and tween our international policies and our eco- third, promoting the spread of democracy nomic policies. We were strong militarily abroad. when we became economically weak because Let me discuss each of these briefly. First, of our dangerously high deficits and low pro- ensuring that we have strong policies and ductivity, things which contributed to the ready defenses for a new security environ- weakening of nations all around the world ment. Thankfully, we no longer face the pros- and dried up much of the capital needed in pect of Soviet troops marching into Western less developed countries for development Europe. But the world is still a dangerous and growth. We advocated free trade, but place, and the skill and the power and the often we practiced just the reverse when

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under the pressure of poor economic per- ter partners in diplomacy and security. That’s formance. And even when we pushed free why I have given a lot of attention to promot- trade, we often here in our own country ing democratic and market reformers in Rus- lacked the policies we needed to make sure sia, in Ukraine, the Baltics, and other former that it benefited ordinary American citizens. Communist states. We saw that strategy pay My goal has been to reduce our deficit, off again just last week as Russia and Latvia increase our investment, increase our com- reached an historic accord to withdraw Rus- petitiveness, improve the education and sia’s military from Latvian territory by the training of our people, and keep pushing for end of August. agreements to open world markets for no Our goal is to foster the success of new special treatment for the United States but democracies like those in Latin America and more open markets so that all of us may grow now in South Africa and to apply pressure and compete together. to restore democracy where it has been over- This past year, there was important thrown, as in Haiti. progress. We enacted the North American Security, prosperity, democracy: These are Free Trade Agreement with Canada and the pillars of our strategy in the new world. Mexico and secured the biggest market These building blocks do not answer every opening agreement in history with the GATT question we confront. In particular, this era world trade talks, agreements that will create has seen an epidemic of humanitarian catas- American jobs for us here in the United trophes, many caused by ethnic conflicts or States while spurring significant global eco- the collapse of governments. Some, such as nomic growth. We hosted a summit of lead- Bosnia, clearly affect our interests. Others, ers from the Asian-Pacific region, the fastest such as Rwanda, less directly affect our own growing region on Earth. This year we will security interests but still warrant our con- seek enactment of the GATT round in the cern and our assistance. Congress and convene the first summit in a America cannot solve every problem and generation of our hemispheric neighbors. must not become the world’s policeman. But We work to promote environmentally we do have an obligation to join with others sound forms of economic development both to do what we can to relieve suffering and here and abroad. We have to remember that to restore peace. many of the civil wars we have seen and are The means we use will and must vary from seeing today, tearing apart societies across circumstance to circumstance. When our Africa and elsewhere, are caused not only by most important interests are at stake, we will historic conflicts but also by the abject and not hesitate to act alone if necessary. Where utterly terrifying deterioration of not only the we share an interest in action with the inter- economy but the environment in which those national community, we work perhaps people live. through the United Nations. This week we The third key to our policy is fostering de- will unveil a set of policies to reform U.N. mocracy. The new progress of democracy all peacekeeping to help make those operations around the world resonates with our values both less expensive and more effective. and our interests. It makes us safer here in In other cases we will work in partnership the United States. We know democracies are with other nations. In Bosnia, for example, less likely to wage war, to violate human we have stepped up our diplomatic involve- rights, to break treaties. That’s why we fought ment, along with Russia and others. We sup- two world wars, to protect Europe’s democ- ported NATO enforcement measures and racies, and why we stood firm for a half a committed to provide United States forces century to contain communism. as a part of a NATO enforcement mission Now the greatest opportunity for our secu- if and when the parties can reach a workable rity is to help enlarge the world’s commu- peace agreement. nities of market democracies and to move Although that conflict continues, we toward a world in which all the great powers should never forget that there are tonight govern by a democratic plan. If we do, we’ll people in Sarajevo, Tuzla, and Mostar who have more valuable partners in trade and bet- are alive because of the actions taken with

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NATO working with the United Nations. The went back to the drawing board. We have safe areas, the no-fly zone, the longest hu- worked for months since Governors Island manitarian airlift in history, all these efforts was abrogated to try to find other solutions. and others are contributing to a resolution Meanwhile, innocent civilians are being of a very difficult problem. killed and mutilated. This is a pivotal moment in the affairs of We are doing our best to avoid dealing our world, a moment when we can expand with the military option. We are now pursu- the frontiers of freedom, create a more pros- ing—we put on the table at the United Na- perous global economy, give millions in war- tions today—stiffer sanctions. We’re working torn lands a chance to enjoy a normal life, for tougher enforcement of the existing sanc- when we can make the people in each of tions. But given how many people are being our lands safer from the world’s deadliest killed and the abject misery of the Haitian weapons. people and the fact that democracy was im- On each of these, I believe the leadership planted by the people and then uprooted by of the United States is indispensable. My the military rulers there, I think that we can- commitment is to exercise that leadership so not afford to discount the prospect of a mili- that we can pass onto our children a world tary option. that is safer, freer, and more livable for their I want to work with our friends and neigh- future. bors in the Caribbean and in all of Latin Thank you very much. America. And I hope that whatever we do The President. Thank you. from here on out will have their support. The Haiti United States never will interfere in the af- fairs of another country to try to seek to [At this point, Judy Woodruff described the thwart the popular will there. This is a dif- format for the forum and introduced a partic- ferent case. ipant from Trinidad, who asked about U.S. Ms. Woodruff. If I may follow up, Mr. policy toward the Caribbean and Latin President, when you say you wouldn’t rule America.] out a use of military force, you’re saying U.S. The President. Well, our policy has not troops on the ground. What would be their changed. I believe in the Good Neighbor mission if they were to go there? Policy, and we’ve tried to be a good neighbor. The President. Well, let me say what our We have worked with our friends in Mexico policy is. Our policy—and we have not de- on trade and democracy. We have worked cided to use force; all I’ve said is we can’t with many other countries. The Vice Presi- rule it out any longer. Our policy is to restore dent has been to South America a couple democracy to Haiti and then to work to de- of times to work on developing the informa- velop Haiti with a functioning government tion superhighway and many other things. and a growing economy. The people who are We’re trying to bring democracies into closer now in control in Haiti have thwarted democ- trade relationships with us in the Caribbean, racy; they have brought down the economy; as well as in Central and South America. And they have visited abject misery on their peo- I have made it very clear that the United ple. And they are now once again killing and States wishes to be a partner, not a dictator, mutilating not just sympathizers of Aristide about the internal events of other countries. but other innocent civilians. And it is wrong, On the other hand, every country in the and we’ve got to do what we can to try to region is governed by a democratically elect- stop it. That is our policy, and we are going ed government but two. One is Cuba; the to pursue that policy as vigorously as we can. other is Haiti, which voted two-thirds for I want to make it clear: This is the respon- President Aristide, and he was then thrown sibility not of the United States but of the out. We had an agreement, the Governors people who are running things in Haiti to- Island Agreement, made by the military, the night. They abrogated the Governors Island Aristide faction, in cooperation with the Agreement. They have started killing, first United States and the United Nations. It was the allies of President Aristide and now inno- abrogated by the military rulers of Haiti. We cent civilians. They have brought this reign

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of terror and poverty on their people. They other nations. It is a very serious potential can change it tomorrow if they will. And I situation. We intend to stand firm and to hope they will. keep working with our allies, the South Kore- Ms. Woodruff. But you wouldn’t say at ans, the Japanese, working with the Chinese this point what the mission would be if we and others, to reach a good solution to this. were to go in? Our hand is still out to the people of North The President. The mission of the United Korea and to the leaders of North Korea. States, whatever means we choose to pursue But we expect the commitment that North that mission, is to restore democracy, to start Korea made to be a nonnuclear state to be a multinational effort to help Haiti function honored. and to grow again and to crawl out of this Ms. Woodruff. Mr. President, if I may just enormous hole that the present rulers of quickly follow up here. With all due respect Haiti have illegally driven the people into. to what you said, if North Korea wants to go ahead and develop a nuclear weapon, North Korea what is to stop them from doing so? You’re [A participant from Seoul, South Korea asked not saying that the United States is prepared about the nuclear crisis on the Korean Penin- to go to war if they continue with this pro- sula.] gram that they’ve begun. The President. The President. Well, I think it is a very At a minimum, North serious situation. And let me say, first of all, Korea will be much more isolated, in a much it is a very serious situation because North more tenuous position. And the relationships Korea has agreed to be a nonnuclear state, between the North Koreans and South Korea to follow nonproliferation policies. Because will be strained, I think, irrevocably in many it has nuclear resources, it has agreed in the ways. And the problems that North Korea past to submit to the international inspec- will then have with their neighbors in Japan tions of the IAEA. There has been a lot of as well as with their friends in China will trouble about that, as you know, as well as be very significant. The least that would hap- about how to resume a dialog between North pen is that they would be much, much more Korea and South Korea. I would say to you, severely isolated and they would run a risk sir, that the options we have are largely again of having more difficult things happen. And in the hands of the North Koreans them- their rhetoric has recognized that. selves. North Korea can choose, and I hope I think this is another one of those issues— they will. it’s in the hands of the North Koreans. But And I would say this to the North Kore- we have reached out the hand of friendship ans—I believe we have North Koreans and cooperation, and we know the South Ko- watching us tonight—I would say to you: The reans wish to do the same. It does not really United States wishes to have friendly and make sense for the North Koreans to pursue open relationships with you. We wish to have this path of isolation. They can have more a constructive relationship. We want you to prosperity, more security, and more prestige have a constructive relationship with South by abandoning this nuclear program that they Korea. You in North Korea have pledged have already promised to abandon than by yourselves to a nonnuclear Korean Peninsula. going forward with it, and I hope they will. That’s what we want. If there is a policy of Bosnia isolation pursued by us, it will only be be- cause you decide not to follow through on [Following a commercial break, a journalist the commitments you have already made to in Belgrade asked if it would be more produc- honor international inspections and to be a tive to treat all factions in the Bosnia conflict nonnuclear state. equally, without sanctions against the Serbs.] The options are, I think, clear. But they The President. I guess the short answer are not easy. No one wishes this confronta- is no, but not entirely no. Let me explain tion. But neither does one wish to have a what I mean by that. state not only with nuclear power but with The United States does not believe that a capacity to proliferate nuclear weapons to we can or should, alone or through NATO,

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enter into your war on the side of the Gov- would encourage North Korea, for example, ernment of Bosnia and its new partnership to take the United States less seriously.] with the Croats. When we supported creating The President. No, but speeches like that the safe zone around Sarajevo, we made it may make them take me less seriously than absolutely clear that anyone caught violating I’d like to be taken. There have been no con- the safe zone would be subject to the NATO stant flip-flops, madam. I ran for President air strikes, including weaponry of the govern- saying that I would do my best to limit ethnic ment. We also have made it clear to the gov- cleansing and to see the United States play ernment that they should not look to us to a more active role in resolving the problem change the military balance on the ground, in Bosnia. And we have been much more and that there has to be a negotiated settle- active than my predecessor was in every way ment. We have said that to the government, from the beginning. I also said very clearly just as the Russians have said that to the Bos- that I did not believe we should inject Amer- nian Serbs. And we intend to undertake a ican ground forces on the ground in Bosnia very intense effort to restore diplomatic ne- to try to affect the strategic outcome, to take gotiations. part in the civil war. Now, having said that, I do not favor lifting When I became President, I argued to our the sanctions while that is going on for the European allies that we ought to lift the arms very simple reason that the United States embargo, or at least be caught trying, in the supported and recognized Serbia when it be- United Nations because of the unfairness of came an independent country, Croatia, and the situation on the ground. They argued Bosnia. The United Nations decided to keep back to me that they were on the ground the arms embargo on all of the former Yugo- as part of the U.N. peacekeeping force and slavia. But the arms embargo was a mockery that if we lifted the arms embargo, we would in Bosnia because Serbia was next to the area lengthen the war, make it more bloody, and occupied by the Bosnian Serbs. And as you subject their people to being shot or taken know, Yugoslavia was a great manufacturer, as hostages. So, we could not prevail. even an exporter, of arms before it broke up. I then worked to get NATO, for the first So the necessary effect of the arms embargo time in its history, to agree to an out-of-area was to give an enormous strategic advantage operation, which we did in August. We have to the Serbs in heavy weaponry, to facilitate enforced a no-fly zone. We have had the ethnic cleansing when we were trying to sup- longest humanitarian air lift in history. We port a peaceful solution that would enable have succeeded, because of the NATO air all the people of Bosnia, the Serbs, the power, I believe, in getting a lot of the lines Croats, and the Muslims, to live together. of communications for humanitarian aid So I could not support lifting the embargo. open again there, and of course, the safe zone But I agree with you to the extent that there around Sarajevo and elsewhere. I wish it cannot be a military victory here. There must could have been done overnight, but fun- be a negotiated settlement. That is why I damentally, Bosnia is in the—it’s in the thought it was a mistake for the Serbs to American interest to limit the conflict to Bos- press their advantage around Gorazde. We nia, to try to restore humanitarian conditions, only seek to use NATO air power to protect to see that a bad example is not set, and to safe areas, to keep the Brcko area stable, to limit the refugee outflow. Those are the stop this fighting on the ground. Let’s go things we are trying to do. back to the negotiations. Let’s make a peace We have troops in Macedonia. We have so that we can all return to normal peaceful used our air power. We have pushed NATO. relations. I want that, and I want that with And we have pushed the United Nations. But Serbia as well. But we have to do it in the I don’t think you can say that the world com- right and moral way. munity could have intervened and changed the course of this war or should have inter- [A participant from Sarajevo asked if delay vened on one side or the other. What we in articulating a policy on Bosnia had aided need to do is to stop the conflict from spread- the Bosnian Serbs and if the policy flip-flops ing, which I think has been done, try to stop

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the military escalation within Bosnia, which it go. It’s a sinkhole. You can have no influ- I think has been done, and then get the par- ence. Walk away from it. If you try to do ties back to negotiate a decent peace. something, you can’t dominate it; you’ll just I believe that was, as a practical matter, be attacked for that.’’ I thought that was bad the only option open to me after I became advice. The United States sometimes has to President, and I have worked very hard on try to make a difference where it cannot con- it for a year. I do not believe I should have trol events but can influence them. That is injected American ground forces there into the situation with Bosnia. We are not in con- the conflict. We, after all, had at the time trol; we have some influence, we’re doing our I became President several thousand forces best to exercise it, and I think we’re better in Somalia. We have obligations in Korea and off. in other places in Asia. We have obligations I think during the campaign, when I made potentially in the Middle East because of the it clear that I didn’t think we could or should work we are doing there. And the United send ground forces in unless there was an States has done the best it could. agreement, I underestimated the difficulty of I think we have done a very great deal. getting broad agreement through NATO and Do I wish we could have done more earlier? then getting the U.N. to use the NATO force. Do I wish the Europeans and our other allies I did underestimate that. It took longer than had totally agreed with me? Of course I do. I wish it had. But if you think about what But I also respect their differences and their an unprecedented action NATO has taken, long experience in this area. I did the best the first time we have ever acted together I could. I moved as quickly as I could. I think out of the NATO area, I think still it’s some- we have shown a good deal of resolve. And thing that’s remarkable and very much worth I think what this Bosnian situation shows is doing. that if you can get NATO agreement to act Poland and NATO with resolve, NATO can have an impact. I will still say in the end we have to resolve [A participant from Poland asked about the this through negotiations. Air power cannot denial of NATO membership to Poland.] change the course of the civil war either. The President. First of all, I fully expect They’re going to have to negotiate a peace. NATO to be expanded eastward. At the time What we’re going to try to do is to make we formed the Partnership For Peace and it less bloody and less productive to pursue asked Poland to participate, which it agreed aggression, so that the parties will want to to do, along with Hungary, Slovakia, the go back to the peace table. Czech Republic, all the former Warsaw Pact Ms. Woodruff. Mr. President, just a quick countries, Ukraine, all the former republics followup. Would you not acknowledge that of the Soviet Union, there was at that time given what you said during the campaign no consensus within NATO about which about it being time to end Serb aggression, countries to take in, in what order, and what that it is much easier to make these state- the obligations of NATO membership would ments in a campaign than actually to carry be for a new country coming in. So it wasn’t, them out as President? with all respect, in response to Russian pres- The President. Well, what I will acknowl- sure that no membership was offered to Po- edge is that I underestimated the difficulty land or any other country last summer. of putting a coalition together, all agreeing What I argued for in the Partnership For on one policy. And that—her question to me Peace was the beginning of joint planning, was right if she were to ask me, do I think joint maneuvers, joint operations with mili- it took too long for all of us to get together? tary cooperation with any country that want- Yes, I do. But we worked at it very hard from ed to join the Partnership For Peace, includ- the beginning. I don’t think it’s fair to say ing, I acknowledged Russia if they wished we’ve gone back and forth. We tried one to join. Because I thought at the end of the area; it didn’t work; we try another. cold war, we had a chance which we ought There were people who said to me, ‘‘Don’t to take, a chance to see Europe united for get involved in Bosnia. Leave it alone. Let the first time since nation states began to dot

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the European continent—a chance. And it of Lebanon and excising terrorism from Leb- seemed to me that the Partnership For Peace anon. And I believe we are on that road, and offered us the best of both worlds. That is, we have a real chance to make progress this if everyone would agree to observe and re- year. spect their neighbors territorially and to see Obviously, since their conversations are their neighbors’ territory as integral to their private, I can’t say more. But all I can tell own security, then we might succeed. you is I honestly believe that, and I think If, in fact, imperialist tensions in Russia the other major actors in this drama believe reasserted themselves, then we could always, it as well. by planning for NATO, take in other coun- Ms. Woodruff. Mr. President, I’ve just tries into NATO membership at an appro- priate time without any risk to their security been told that just in the first few minutes whatever. That is my hope and goal. that a Palestinian delegate, PLO delegate, If you’re asking me, the big question is, has announced in the Middle East that the does the United States have an interest in Israelis and the PLO have wound up their the security of the people of Poland and talks, and they have reached an agreement Hungary and Central Europe and Eastern on Palestinian autonomy, which was some- Europe? The answer to that is yes. But don’t thing you referred to just a few moments ago. assume that NATO has walked away from We want to go—continue in our Jerusalem Poland. NATO is walking toward Poland, not location now with a question from a Palestin- away. ian journalist. Go ahead. Middle East [An Israeli journalist asked what evidence the [A Palestinian journalist in Jerusalem asked President had of a strategic change on the about loans and loan guarantees for Palestin- part of President Hafiz al-Asad of Syria re- ians.] garding peace with Israel and regarding ter- The President. Well, first, let me say, I rorism.] agree it will take more than $2 billion to to- The President. The evidence I find is that tally construct a successful economy on the he has welcomed a very frank and candid West Bank and around Jericho and in other and explicit exchange of views and ideas places—in Gaza and Jericho, excuse me. But about how to make a lasting peace and I think the $2 billion is a very good start. achieve normal and peaceful relationships That’s what we might call real money. I with Israel. mean, it’s a pretty good beginning. Secretary Christopher has been asked by And let me say, in anticipation of—I’ve not President Asad, and approved by Prime Min- checked this today, but I asked if we could ister Rabin, to serve as an intermediary at have in Cairo, when the agreement is signed this point in having what I believe are the between the PLO and Israel, a delegation most serious conversations ever held since the creation of this terrible divide between of American business people, American Jews Israel and Syria, between a leader of Syria and Arab-American business people who and a leader of Israel. have pledged themselves to work together to I have had several conversations with bring private capital and private investment President Asad and of course with Prime in to support the other commitments that the Minister Rabin, with whom I talked just this governments have made at the donors con- afternoon about the ongoing progress of ference. Middle East peace negotiations. And all I can So, I believe you can look forward to a tell you is that all of us believe that we have significant increase in private investment a greater chance to achieve a breakthrough from the United States from both Arab- agreement than ever before. And obviously, Americans and Jewish-American business that breakthrough agreement ultimately people in these areas because of their com- would have to include an agreement with mon determination to work together to see Lebanon recognizing the territorial integrity that you are able to work and live together.

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Japan if we can overcome that misunderstanding, we can begin again. [A television correspondent from Japan asked As to when it happens, I think that de- about U.S. requirements for continuation of pends in part on how things go with your trade negotiations with Japan.] attempt to develop a new government and The President. Well, let me answer the new policies. You have a new Prime Minister first question first, the ‘‘what.’’ If you go back now. I hope he can work out arrangements to the agreement I made on my trip to Japan so that we can resume this dialog. I must as part of the G–7 conference last summer say I have a very high regard for all three with the then-Prime Minister Miyazawa and of the Japanese Prime Ministers with whom the conversations I had with Prime Minister I have worked. And I believe we can work Hosokawa and with your new Prime Min- this out. ister, Mr. Hata, when he was in his previous I also think I should say—I don’t mean position, what we wish to do is to simply con- to abuse your time, sir—but for the benefit of the whole rest of the world who look to tinue to make progress within the framework the United States and to Japan for leadership, of the agreement that Japan and the United I think sometimes people are worried about States both made last summer. our relationship because they think we’re The big hangup is over the question of the fighting over trade too much. We are basi- use of numerical targets, and does this cally not only partners but friends. We share amount to managed trade, does this amount common strategic interests, we share com- to quotas. I want to emphasize, if I might, mon political values, and we share common two things: Number one, I have never asked economic interests. We will not allow, we for any access to the Japanese market for the must not allow these differences which re- United States that I have not sought for every flect a mature discussion and debate to spoil other country. It would be wrong. I have not the relationship that I think is so important asked for that. Number two, I have pledged for the whole world. my efforts to ensure that the use of numerical quotas would not be used—or numerical tar- China gets would not be used to establish trade quotas or managed trade for the Japanese [Following a commercial break, a journalist people. I know that we cannot require your from China asked about U.S. relations and people to buy products they do not wish to trade with China.] buy, or we cannot overcome price or quality The President. Let me answer the second problems our products or services might question first, and then I’ll answer the first have. question. Yes, I believe if we were to with- On the other hand, the Japanese Govern- draw most-favored-nation status from China ment, both when Prime Minister Miyazawa it would undermine what I hope to see in was in office and when Prime Minister terms of our relationship, and it would be Hosokawa was in office, always agreed that detrimental to the economic progress in Japan needed a more open trading policy, China and to the standard of living which that your consumers were paying 37 percent has come to so many millions, indeed, hun- more for consumer goods than they would dreds of millions of Chinese people. So I do pay in a more open economy, that it was in not wish that to happen. your long-term interest not to have a perma- As you know, relationships between our nent trade surplus, not just with us but with two countries became very strong again, after the world, of over $100 billion a year. a period of difficulty, starting in 1972 with So we have to know, are we making President Nixon’s trip and then in 1979 with progress or not? The only reason we wanted President Carter’s actions to recognize China to use numbers was because that will show and all the things which have come after that. some aggregate worldwide trend. I do not Then there was a great strain on our relation- want you to promise the United States any ship after the difficulties in 1989 in China specific part of your markets. And I think at Tiananmen Square.

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What I have sought to do is to find a bal- areas outlined in my Executive order of last anced way for our two countries not simply year, but not in all of them. There are still to be partners but to restore our genuine areas in which we are different. And that is friendship, which is very much in the interest obviously clearly an option on the table. Yes, of the whole world as well as our two people, it is a possibility. But he asked me the ques- by trying to establish conditions that would tion, would it be a bad thing for China and permit that partnership and that friendship would it be consistent with the relationship to go forward. Those are the criterion I set I hope we have with them. And the answer forward in order to continue the most-fa- is, yes, it would be a bad thing; and, no, it’s vored-nation status next month. not consistent with the relationship I hope I do not seek nor would it be proper for we have. But we have to keep working to the United States or for any other nation to get over these last humps. And I hope and tell a great nation like China how to conduct pray that we will in the next month. all its internal affairs or to treat all its citizens or what laws it should have. That would be Somalia wrong. [A journalist from Uganda asked about les- The criteria in the Executive order I issued sons learned in Somalia and their applicabil- are those things recognized in all universal ity elsewhere.] declarations by all countries as essential to human rights. I will say we have made real The President. That, sir, is a brilliant progress in our relations with China on the question. I mean, it is the question of the immigration issue, on getting a prison labor day in Africa and in some other places. agreement, in many other areas. As you Let me say, first of all, thank you for ac- know, Wang Jontao was released last week. knowledging the work of the Americans and There has been some progress there, too, in the others there. While we are gone, there the area of political dissidents and human are still several thousand United Nations rights. forces in Somalia from all around the world We still have a way to go. And I told Vice working to continue to save lives. Premier Zou that I would work personally What lessons did we learn? First of all, very hard and that our Government would I think we learned that it is very difficult to work very hard in the next month to try to have the forces of the United Nations and work out our differences so that we could certainly the forces of the United States go go forward together. I think that is in your in for any prolonged period of time and say interest and ours and in the world’s interest. that this is only a humanitarian crisis. In But human rights is very important to the other words, the people of Somalia were United States. And there are some issues that starving and dying not because they couldn’t I believe the United States has perhaps an grow food but because of the political and extra responsibility to stand up for, human military conflicts within the country, not be- rights, nonproliferation, other things that if cause no one would send them food but be- we didn’t do it, it would be even more dif- cause it was hard to deliver before we went ficult for other countries to do. there. So I’m doing what I think we must do, So I think we learned—lesson number one but I am doing it in the spirit of genuine is, don’t go into one of these things and say, reconciliation and hope that in the next as the United States said when we started month our two great nations can work this in Somalia, ‘‘Maybe we’ll be done in a month, out. because it’s a humanitarian crisis,’’ because Thank you. there are almost always political problems Ms. Woodruff. Mr. President, is most-fa- and sometimes military conflicts which bring vored-nation trading status, just to be clear abut these crises. about this, is it seriously in jeopardy of being Lesson number two is that when the withdrawn from the Chinese? United States handed over its mission to the The President. Well, under the present— United Nations, it was quite appropriate for under the present facts, China has made sig- there to be someone who would take action, nificant overall progress in several of the mili-

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tary action if necessary, to protect the lives learned and perhaps do a better job there of the United States and the United Nations over a longer period of time and perhaps troops there. But the United States in its role head off the starvation and do those things as a superpower cannot be caught in the posi- which need to be done. I hope so. tion of being a policing officer in a conflict Aid to Africa like that when there is not political process going on, because what happened was the [A Nigerian television correspondent in Jo- police operation—which was a legitimate hannesburg, South Africa, asked why aid to one, that is, to protect the lives of the soldiers Africa had declined.] who were there trying to save the lives of The President. The search for clients the Somalis—became viewed as a way of rather than friends? No, it is true that there choosing sides in the internal conflict of the has been a reduction in our foreign aid assist- country because there was no political dialog ance to Africa, going back before I became going on. President but continuing. But the reason for So I think those are the two great lessons. that, sir, is that in the aftermath of the cold If we’re going to go in and try to save lives, war, our Government’s deficit was so high we must know that in the beginning, every- we have been cutting almost all kinds of one will be glad to see the U.S. or the U.N. spending. or anybody because they’re starving and And foreign assistance has not had a great dying. But after a certain amount of time, level of support in our country. It’s not that it will be obvious that it wasn’t just a natural we’re looking for clients or we’d rather give disaster. It was a political problem, a military the money to someplace else. It is that one problem. of the things that I still have to do as Presi- And secondly, we must never give up the dent is to do a better job of persuading the political dialog, then, so that everyone in the American people that we have an interest, country know that we are there, all of us, long-term interest in the success of South Af- to make peace and be peacemakers. Yes, we rica and in the success of Nigeria and all will fight to protect the lives of our people, points in between, that we have a long-term but not to try to solve your problems for you. interest that requires us to invest modest Those are the two lessons, I think. amounts of our great treasure in foreign as- sistance so that we can be in a more secure world, a more peaceful world, and that the Rwanda American people actually benefit from it. Q. Can these lessons be used to save lives In our country, many of our people think in a similar situation now in Rwanda? we spend much more money than we do on The President. Well, perhaps. We’re foreign assistance, and they say we have looking at that with the states that border problems at home we should deal with. But Rwanda. We released another $15 billion that’s what caused the decline in assistance. today for aid. And we have to provide more There has been no discrimination against Af- aid; we have to try to deal with the refugee rica in my judgment, although I think we problem; we have to try to get a political don’t emphasize Africa enough and we process going again; and we have to try to should do more. marshall the resources, it seems to me, of nations all around the world who care very [CNN correspondent Bernard Shaw in Jo- deeply about this. I think the conscience of hannesburg asked if other nations would feel the world has grieved for the slaughter in slighted if aid to South Africa is increased.] Rwanda and just a few months ago in Bu- The President. I think other nations may rundi in almost the same proportions. feel slighted. But I think if you look at the But we also know from not only the Somali potential of the government of national unity, experience but from what we read of the con- Mr. Mandela, after all, has committed him- flict between the Hutus and the Tutsis that self to a government of national unity for 5 there is a political and military element in years involving Mr. de Klerk and his support- this. So I think we can take the lessons we ers and presumably Mr. Buthelezi and the

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Inkatha supporters. We haven’t gotten the he’s largely been quite successful by bringing final numbers yet, but I think that will be the sort of left and center together, if you the case. will. And if we can help to restore South Afri- So whatever decision the people of Brazil ca’s economy in a multiracial environment— make is fine with me as long as we can have after all, we had a billion dollars in trade this that kind of working relationship when the year; just 10 years ago we had $10 billion election is over. in trade with South Africa in the U.S. alone. Q. Do you believe that if that happens, And South Africa can be a beacon of eco- these two countries will be on that list? nomic development and prosperity for all of The President. It depends entirely, sir, on southern Africa, can help to build interest what policies are pursued. They still have to in American and other business people in in- be committed to growing the economy, to vesting in all of southern Africa and can help participating in a market economy, and to to build a constituency for expanded assist- giving their people a chance to compete and ance throughout Africa. win in the global economy. If they do that, So I think that this is an opportunity which they can be. It depends on what you do with in the short run benefits South Africa, but power once you get it, not so much what has the capacity in the near term to be of the name is, what your label is when you immense benefit to Africa. And it’s not as come to power but what do you do after you if we could double aid to someplace else if assume office. we didn’t do this. There is no possibility. So I think this is an enormous opportunity. We Cuba should seize it and use it to build a broader [A Cuban television correspondent ques- and deeper relationship with the rest of Afri- tioned U.S. policy toward Cuba, saying that ca. it could not be only for the sake of Florida voters.] Latin America The President. Well, but I didn’t win in [A journalist from Brazil asked about leftist Florida, so you can’t hold me—[laughter] presidential candidates in Brazil and Mex- Q. I know. I know. ico.] The President. I mean, I like them very The President. Well, we are ready to do much, but I didn’t win there. [Laughter] business with the democratically chosen I do support, however, the Cuban Democ- leaders of any nations who are willing to deal racy Act, which reinforces the blockade but with us on honorable terms consistent with also calls for greater communications contact international law. And we are certainly ready and greater humanitarian aid to Cuba. to do business there. Let me say that—you I think, in much the way I answered some may know that my Secretary of Commerce of the previous questions, that the isolation has identified 10 nations which he estimates of Cuba is largely the result of the policies will be growing rapidly and will provide great of Cuba and the history of 30 years. I mean, economic opportunities for the United States just recently, just in the last few days, some- in the years ahead. Both Brazil and Mexico one in Cuba was sentenced to several years are on that list. in prison for simply talking to a foreign jour- And we know that if people govern with nalist. an eye toward the interest of their people, And maybe we do have higher standards they can govern well coming from a wide for Cuba because we have a large Cuban- range of democratic parties. If you look next American population and because Cuba is door in Argentina, when President Menem close to our borders, even though there’s no was elected, coming out of the Peronist leg- longer any prospect of Russian missiles there, acy, people said, ‘‘Oh, my goodness, what will but that is our policy. And Cuba continues this Menem do?’’ Well, he got the economy to stand in isolation to the democratic wind straightened out, he opened up the economy which has swept through every country in to trade, he maintained a strict adherence the Caribbean and South and Central Amer- and support to democratic principles, and ica and even through Haiti. Even though the

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Haitian President was ousted, he was at least it. And of course, I have seen your country’s elected. legitimately elected judges and prosecutors And I think that Mr. Castro has it within and political leaders who have taken on the his own power to change the nature of the drug problem, have done it at terrible risks. relationships between our two countries by Many of them have been murdered; all of moving toward a more open and democratic them have put their lives at risk. system. And that is up to him to do. And And I understand that when the United our country, meanwhile, has simply re- States says to Colombia, we’re not satisfied affirmed its policy in 1992 with the passage with the efforts you’re making, it’s a little of the Cuban Democracy Act. And I don’t hard to take sometimes because of the ter- expect that policy to change anytime soon. rible risks that are associated with taking it on. All I can tell you is that we will do more Antidrug Policy to help stop the drug problem in the coun- [A journalist from Colombia asked about tries where the drugs are produced or proc- antidrug policy in the United States and Co- essed if the governments are willing to work lombia.] with us. That is our commitment, and we The President. Well, let me answer the will do more. question slightly differently. It is true that It seems to us we can be more efficient we believe, more strongly than we have in by emphasizing the source countries and re- the past, that the drug problem in America ducing demand in our country, even if we is a problem of demand as well as supply. have to spend a little less in trying to stop That is, we have about 5 percent of the the drugs in transit. world’s population—actually, a little less. We Foreign Policy consume about half the world’s illegal drugs. A participant from Finland said that al- Now, part of that is because we have a good [ though the President was elected for his do- deal of money, but we have only 22 percent mestic policy, he has received more criticism of the world’s wealth, and we consume half on foreign policy issues. the world’s drugs. So, obviously, we want ] drugs more than some other places. The President. I’m used to it—[laughter] There are things unique to the United Q. Do you feel you have received unfair States, that we cannot blame on Colombia criticism on your foreign policy? or Mexico or anyplace else, that we have to The President. Oh, I don’t know. I deal with. So we have invested a lot more wouldn’t say that, in the sense that in our money in this budget in drug education and country, at least, there’s a great tradition of drug prevention and drug treatment—in freedom of the press. And part of the job dealing with the problem—and in enforce- of the press is to criticize whoever’s in power. ment here on our own streets. [Laughter] I mean, that’s part of the job, to There are two other things that we should pick out the things that are going wrong. focus on. One is, can you stop the drugs in I think what I would say is that we have transit? That has been a big emphasis of the had a lot of successes that perhaps have not U.S. Government in the past, getting drugs been as noticed as they should have been, coming into the air into our country or at some of which I mentioned earlier tonight, the borders. The other is, can we help coun- and secondly, that the problems that we have tries deal with drugs at the source, moving had are a result of very difficult issues which farmers into other products, helping deal do not have an easy solution. I just would with the drug cartels in their own countries. mention two, very briefly, we’ve already It is true that we have reduced the former, talked about. that is, we have reduced emphasis on stop- The first is Haiti. Two-thirds of the people ping drugs in transit. But we want to increase voted for Aristide. Enormous numbers of our efforts to work with you in Colombia and people participated in democracy. He’s other countries to stop drugs at the source. kicked out. The military leaders promised to We want to do more with you if you are will- leave; they don’t. But we want to be good ing to take the steps necessary to deal with neighbors. We don’t want to be the big bully

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going around using our power in a destruc- to be indifferent. But as we venture out in tive way. How do you solve that? these new areas, we have to risk error. And The other is Bosnia, where I do not believe so I have been willing to risk error. And when we should have intervened in the war on one you do that, you get more criticism. side or the other, but I do believe we have Ms. Woodruff. And when you’re accused an interest in trying to work with Europe. of vacillating, it doesn’t bother you, right? And working with Europe meant in this case The President. Oh, sometimes it really working both with the U.N. and with NATO bothers me. [Laughter] But I think, first of in areas sort of unfamiliar to each, and cer- all, all leaders sometimes have had to back tainly working together was unfamiliar. So it and fill and alter their course throughout his- took longer and it was more ragged and more tory. But there is no vacillation in the prin- frustrating than I wish it had been. But that ciples of the policies here. It’s just that we is part of the reality of the post-cold-war don’t know what will work within the limits world, when we’re all searching for new ar- of our ability to deal with some of these prob- rangements that work. lems. I don’t mind being criticized, but I do Not every issue is one that you can put think it’s not fair to say that we have been the entire wealth, the entire military might, unprincipled or vacillating. That’s just not the entire prestige of the United States on true. We have been quite clear, and we’ve the line for. But many issues are things that tried to work through these problems, but are worthy of our best efforts within the lim- not all problems have easy solutions. its of our ability to proceed. And that is where Ms. Woodruff. Do you think you under- all these gray areas are, the areas of frustra- estimated, Mr. President, the complexity of tion, particularly for the people who are on some of these issues? the receiving end of the problems. I didn’t— The President. I saw an interview the I was waiting for my lecture from Sarajevo other day with President Kennedy, about a tonight, and I rather enjoyed it because that year before he was assassinated, and they poor woman has seen the horrors of this war asked him what he had learned as President. and she has had to report on them. And he said, ‘‘The problems were more dif- Ms. Woodruff. Christiane Amanpour ficult than I imagined them to be.’’ [Laugh- [CNN]. ter] And at least on the international front, The President. Yes, she’s been fabulous. I would say, the problems are more difficult She’s done a great service for the whole than I imagined them to be. world on that. I do not blame her for being Ms. Woodruff. Do you think you’ve had mad at me, but I’m doing the best I can with the right foreign policy team to help you this problem from my perspective. I didn’t tackle them? know—I would have to look at her, now The President. Yes, I think they’re quite blush—[laughter]. Anyway, go ahead. up to the job, it’s just that they’re plowing Ms. Woodruff. That’s a good note to end new ground. We could have gotten less criti- on. Thank you very much, Mr. President. cism in a way if we had just said, ‘‘This prob- The President. Thank you very much all lem and this problem, this problem, don’t of you. Thank you. involve our vital interests; therefore we will not commit our prestige or our efforts.’’ But NOTE: The interview began at 7 p.m. in the Cecil President Roosevelt once said he’d rather be B. Day Chapel at the Carter Center. In his re- part of a government that made a few mis- marks, the President referred to Tom Johnson, takes in the cause of activism than be part president, and Ted Turner, owner and founder, of one that was frozen in the ice of its own Cable News Network. A tape was not available indifference. I do not believe we can afford for verification of the content of these remarks.

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Memorandum on the Migration and nomic opportunities at home. Moreover, it Refugee Assistance Act will allow American workers and businesses May 3, 1994 to compete in a freer, fairer, and more effec- tive global trading system that lays the foun- Presidential Determination No. 94–23 dation for prosperity into the next century. I intend to transmit legislation to imple- Memorandum for the Secretary of State ment the Uruguay Round and am committed Subject: Determination Pursuant to Section to seeking bipartisan support for its passage 2(c)(1) of the Migration and Refugee this year. Assistance Act of 1962, as Amended The attached booklet describes the Uru- guay Round’s benefit to American workers Pursuant to section 2(c)(1) of the Migra- and firms. I look forward to working with tion and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962, as you in the months ahead to implement this amended, 22 U.S.C. 2601(c)(1), I hereby de- important agreement. termine that it is important to the national Sincerely, interest that up to $5,000,000 be made avail- able from the U.S. Emergency Refugee and Bill Clinton Migration Assistance Fund to meet the ur- gent and unexpected needs of Rwandan and Burundi refugees, returnees, displaced per- Statement by the Press Secretary on sons, and conflict victims. These funds may United States Counterintelligence be contributed to international, govern- Effectiveness mental, and non-governmental organizations, as appropriate. May 3, 1994 You are authorized and directed to inform President Clinton signed today a Presi- the appropriate committees of the Congress dential Decision Directive on U.S. counter- of this determination and the obligation of intelligence effectiveness to foster increased funds under this authority and to publish this cooperation, coordination, and accountability memorandum in the Federal Register. among all U.S. counterintelligence agencies. William J. Clinton The President has directed the creation of a new national counterintelligence policy NOTE: An original was not available for verifica- structure under the auspices of the National tion of this memorandum. Security Council. In addition, he has directed the creation of a new National Counterintel- Letter to the Speaker of the House ligence Center, initially to be led by a senior on the General Agreement on Tariffs executive of the Federal Bureau of Investiga- and Trade tion. Finally, the President’s Decision Direc- May 3, 1994 tive requires that exchange of senior man- agers between the CIA and the FBI to en- Dear Mr. Speaker: sure timely and close coordination between On April 15, the United States and more the intelligence and law enforcement com- than one hundred other nations signed the munities. Uruguay Round agreement in Marrakesh, The President’s decision to take these sig- Morocco. It is the broadest, most com- nificant steps of restructuring U.S. counter- prehensive trade agreement in history. intelligence policy and interagency coordina- For half a century, the United States has tion, followed a Presidential review of U.S. led the global effort to reduce trade barriers counterintelligence in the wake of the Al- and expand trade. The Uruguay Round, drich Ames espionage investigation. The which is scheduled to enter into force on Jan- President, in issuing this Directive, has taken uary 1, 1995, represents the most important immediate steps to improve our ability to step in that effort. counter both traditional and new threats to This agreement will create hundreds of our Nation’s security in the post-cold-war thousands of American jobs and new eco- era.

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Nomination for Chair and them. Public employees educate our chil- Commissioner of Commodity dren, administer programs to aid needy citi- Futures Trading Commission zens, conduct biomedical research, help pro- May 3, 1994 tect the environment, ensure the safety of our food supply, maintain our transportation The President today announced his inten- networks, provide for the common defense, tion to nominate Mary L. Schapiro as Chair and enforce the Constitution and laws of the and Commissioner of the Commodity Fu- United States. These devoted women and tures Trading Commission (CFTC). CFTC men bring enormous talent, knowledge, and is the Federal agency charged with regula- integrity to their work. tion of the Nation’s futures markets. The In recognition of the achievements of gov- President also announced his intention to ernment employees, the Congress, by Senate nominate Sheila C. Bair to continue in her Joint Resolution 150, has designated the role as a CFTC Commissioner. week of May 2, 1994, through May 8, 1994, ‘‘In her years as a Commissioner with the as ‘‘Public Service Recognition Week’’ and SEC, Mary Schapiro has contributed an in- has authorized and requested the President telligent and experienced voice to the mat- to issue a proclamation calling for observance ters that have come before this important of this week. board. I look forward to her taking on this Now, Therefore, I, William J. Clinton, new challenge as CFTC Chairman,’’ the President of the United States of America, President said. do hereby proclaim the week of May 2, 1994, through May 8, 1994, as Public Service Rec- NOTE: Biographies of the nominees were made ognition Week. I urge the people of the available by the Office of the Press Secretary. United States to participate in appropriate ceremonies and activities to recognize the Proclamation 6682—Public Service vital contributions of employees of Federal, Recognition Week, 1994 State, and local government. I also encourage young Americans to learn more about the May 3, 1994 work done by public employees and to con- By the President of the United States sider careers in public service. of America In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this third day of May, in the year A Proclamation of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety- At a time when Government is confronting four, and of the Independence of the United the challenge of serving the public more effi- States of America the two hundred and eight- ciently and effectively than ever while facing eenth. substantial resource constraints, it is espe- William J. Clinton cially fitting to recognize the dedication of our Nation’s public employees. The Federal [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, Government, in its efforts to work better and 2:01 p.m., May 4, 1994] cost less, has often found inspiration in the NOTE: This proclamation was released by the Of- creative innovations initiated by State and fice of the Press Secretary on May 4, and it was local government employees. Moreover, the published in the Federal Register on May 6. new spirit of partnership between labor and management in the public sector has reduced the time and money wasted in unproductive Remarks Honoring the Small adversarial proceedings so that more atten- Business Person of the Year tion can be devoted to improving the services May 4, 1994 provided to the public. Americans at all levels of government have The President. Thank you very much, and made a significant difference in the lives of welcome to the White House. Ladies and their fellow citizens, and it is most appro- gentlemen, you have just seen an example priate that we set aside this week to honor of Clinton’s first law of politics: whenever

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possible, be introduced by someone you’ve increasingly true in this country, and that is appointed to high office. [Laughter] I say that the small business economy is critically that in good humor. You know, when I met important to the future of America. You have Erskine Bowles in 1992 when I was out run- only to look at just what’s gone on in the ning for President, and our wives had gone last 15 months, where we have seen a dra- to college together and had known each matic expansion of new jobs in America. In other many, many years ago, and his wonder- the first 14 months of this administration ful wife was and still is one of the most suc- there were 2.5 million new jobs created, cessful textile executives in the United States. which were together more than in the pre- And I talked to him about what he had done vious 4 years. And 2.3 million of those jobs over the last 20 years: starting small busi- were in the private sector, which is more than nesses, helping them to expand, helping twice as many private sector jobs as in the them to get involved in trade, I thought to previous 4 years. But big companies in Amer- myself, you know, this is the sort of person ica, in large numbers, continued to downsize, that ought to be head of the SBA, somebody which means that in the small business sec- that actually made a living helping other peo- tor, in the new and growing and entre- ple with their small businesses, someone that preneurial sector of our economy, even more actually knew something about it and had jobs were created. some idea of what the practical realities of And if you look at the way the world is daily life were like, somebody that would be going, where jobs are being created more recognized by people without regard to their and more and more in cutting edge tech- political party. This ought not to be a political nologies, and opportunities are more and agency. It ought to be an agency committed more and more in the refinement of certain to the economic interest and the advance- products and services, if you try to imagine ments of the Small Business Administration. what the world will be like 10 years from And at the time, of course, I had no way now or 15 years from now, it is impossible of knowing whether I’d even be nominated, to draw any conclusion other than that if much less elected, or whether he would ever we’re going to continue to be the engine of be willing to leave his good life in North job growth in this country and for the world, Carolina and come up here and do this. But it will have to come through small business I want to tell you that I think he’s been one people. of the best appointments I’ve made as Presi- It’s an exciting prospect, but it means that dent. And I thing he’s made a difference in we have to reorient a lot of our thinking to- the small business community. And I think ward what would be necessary to try to sup- we have set a standard that I hope future port small business as the primary engine of administrations will follow of not politicizing new job creation. A lot of the big things that the SBA but instead appointing someone we do in Government, which make a dif- who actually knows what it’s like to start up, ference for all business, obviously help small finance, expand, and deal with the problems business. and the challenges of small business in Amer- Last year, we had the biggest deficit reduc- ica today. And I want to thank him for that. tion package in history, $500 billion. It Today is a happy day, not just for Erskine helped to drive interest rates down; it helped but for me because we get to honor the na- to trigger home-building and automobile tional Small Business Person of the Year and buying and a lot of other things that got this the second and first runners-up. We all know economy going again. that those of you who will be recognized This year, the Congress is dealing with a today as winners and those who have won budget that I gave them which does some in each of their States really represent people very interesting things I want to talk to you just like you, thousands, indeed, millions of about. It eliminates outright 100 Govern- people all across America. Nonetheless, it’s ment programs; it cuts over 200 others. If a very happy thing to do. adopted as it is, it not only continues to re- Let me begin by saying what I guess politi- duce defense—and I want to say a little more cal leaders always say, but something that’s about that in a minute and just ask you for

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a little help—but it not only continues to re- this Government spending down and like the duce defense, but for the first time since fact that we’re reducing the deficit. But I also 1969 it would have our Government reduc- would ask for your support for a reasonable ing aggregate domestic discretionary spend- defense budget. We, after all, still have— ing for the first time in 25 years. there are no nuclear missiles pointed at us And we do it while we actually increase from the Soviet Union, but there are other funding for Head Start, for nutritional pro- countries trying to develop nuclear programs. grams for poor children, for new tech- And we have to maintain our commitments nologies for the 21st century, for defense in Asia and in Europe. conversion efforts, and for worker training, So I would ask you to support what we’re because we cut out so much other stuff. And doing to bring the deficit down; but say, look, if it’s adopted, it will give us a budget, which there is a limit; we do have a national de- for the first time since Harry Truman was fense; we do have obligations here. And we President, in the aftermath of the Second do have to retrain workers, and we do have World War, when it had to happen just natu- to help move these technologies from de- rally—when the Government has reduced its fense to commercial technologies. So we deficit 3 years in a row. And the United need to spend some money on that. States will have a deficit that as a percentage Secondly, let me say, there’s some things of our annual income is smaller than that of that are specific to the SBA I want to empha- any major industrial country in the world, size. Since Erskine Bowles has been the Di- which is a huge sea change from the last sev- rector of the SBA, we’ve increased our lend- eral years. And it will begin to give us some ing program by $3 billion, and they’ve intro- control over our financial destiny and the fu- duced a one-page application that takes 2 ture of the little children that are in this audi- days to process. That alone was worth me ence today. appointing him, wasn’t it? [Laughter] I say that because I want to emphasize that I also want to say a word about this health it’s important that this budget pass. It’s also care debate which is going on in Washington important that we not posture with it at the which is doubtless not only important to you end. Last night—I don’t know—no reason but occasionally must be somewhat confusing that any of you necessarily would have seen because it’s an extremely complex subject. it, but I did an hour-and-a-half press con- First, let me say that people say, ‘‘Well, Clin- ference on CNN with people from all over ton’s bill’s 13 hundred pages long; nothing the world. There were people from 200 that complicated should ever be passed by countries and territories watching that press Congress by definition. They’d mess up a conference, looking to us for leadership. And one-car parade.’’ I’ve heard it many times. what I tried to do was to explain what I You should know that if that bill passed thought we had to do in leading the world in its entirety, it would replace even more and what we obviously could not do, because pages of Federal law now in existence, that we can’t do everything; we can’t afford to is, that a lot of this so-called complexity deals do everything. There are a lot of problems with issues not of direct concern to you but out there in the world that do not affect our of indirect concern to you like, well, how are vital interests. And even though our values we going to deal with the major medical are aghast at some things that happen, we schools; and how are they going to get their can’t do all this. On the other hand, there funding; and what about the public health is a limit to how much we cut our national clinics of the country; what about the people defense and still protect the security of that live way out there in rural areas who America and the vital interests of America. have no access to health care unless there’s And I tell you that I think we have reached not a clinic? that limit. We have cut defense all we can. But fundamentally, when I asked Erskine I imagine most people in this room and most Bowles to come into this debate early, and people back home in your civic clubs and I said, ‘‘Look, the biggest bone of contention your churches and synagogues and other to providing health coverage for all Ameri- places think we ought to do more to bring cans will be what are the obligations directly

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or indirectly of small business, because that’s and make it impossible for them to make a where the problems in affording coverage profit. are. So make sure we design something that So what we’re trying to do up here in the provides enough protection for small busi- simplest terms is this: Figure out a way to ness so that we continue to grow jobs, not let the forces of competition work, to hold shrink jobs.’’ It’s also true that the biggest health care costs down, figure out a way to problems in health care come to small busi- let those things work for small business and ness, paying on average 35 percent more for self-employed people as well as big business; health care premiums than larger businesses because what’s happening now is, people in do, and being subject to a lot of problems big business and Government in the context of—my wife and I have a friend that she grew of this debate have done a good job of slow- up with, and she and her husband and their ing down medical inflation, but it still leaves children have become great friends of ours big problems for the small business sector over the last 20 years. He only has four em- and the self-employed people. ployees in his small business. And he pro- How do we propose to do it? By giving vides coverage for all of them. And one of you the chance to be in cooperative buying these young men, has been with him a long pools so you can buy on the same terms as time, has a child with Down’s syndrome. And big business and government; by providing this fellow—it’s time really for him to move discounts to small businesses with low mar- on and to broaden his horizons and to do gins and low average payrolls on the insur- something else in his life, and he simply can’t ance premiums and by eliminating some of do it because no other business can afford the practices, the discriminatory practices. to hire him because he’s had a sick child Why is that causing a problem? Partly be- under the present system. cause it will require a substantial reorganiza- The reason the system is so complicated tion of the health insurance industry and re- in America is that we’re the only country that quire them to bid on business in much bigger has a financing system organized around pools, which means a lot of the smaller poli- 1,500 separate insurance companies, writing cies and customs will go away. And that is thousands of different policies with different a problem. And there’s no way to resolve that coverages, all in fairly—many of them in fair- problem if we’re going to try to deal with ly small pools. And at the same time we have this. two Government programs, Medicare and But I just wanted to say to you, without Medicaid, one for the poor, one for the elder- trying to resolve all the specifics, that what ly and disabled, that have different cov- we need here is a very reasoned debate in erages, so that the whole mechanism of fi- this year in the Congress about how to deal nancing requires massive numbers of people with this problem in a way that enhances the to figure out when you’re not covered or long-term economic security of small busi- what is not covered. And furthermore, to be nesses instead of undermining it. But if we fair to the people in the insurance business— walk away from it and we don’t deal with we’re not talking about bad people here, it, what we’ll continue to see is a bigger dif- we’re talking a system that’s broken, to be ferential in premiums as more big business fair to the people in the insurance business— and Government have access to managed requires them to charge people more or have care and more and more people permanently higher deductibles if there’s somebody in without insurance, which means they’ll show their family that’s been sick in the past, with up at the hospital, the emergency room, a so-called preexisting condition or there’s a when the care is too late, too expensive, and big age differential in workers, because if they’ll shove their cost onto everybody else, they insure people in small pools, if there’s and we will all pay it. So the price of doing a couple of hundred people in the pool, one nothing is also quite high for you. That’s the person with AIDS, one kid with a bad diabe- point I want to make. And Erskine has done tes condition, one woman with breast cancer, his best to be a very good advocate. one man who has a premature heart condi- We also propose in our plan to go to 100- tion can throw the whole think out of whack percent deductible for self-employed people,

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which would mean a lot of people with very $100 million. They are our first runners-up. small businesses will actually be able to pay Give them a hand. [Applause] something for their employees and insure After I leave you today, I’m going over to their families at lower costs than they’re now sign the school-to-work bill, something that paying for themselves by the time they buy has immense significance to the small busi- into a big pool and get the 100-percent de- ness community. It begins to establish a Fed- ductible. So, we’re working on it. And I urge eral partnership for a network of training you to work with him because we understand young people who graduate from high there’s no way to solve all these problems, school, don’t want to go on to 4-year colleges, and we’re continuing to learn about it every but do need further training. All of our com- day. But we need a very reasoned debate to petitors have much more well-organized sys- face this issue. tems, particularly the Germans, than we do Now, let me say, it is my happy responsibil- in providing further training. ity to recognize this year’s winners. And I One of our first school-to-work trainees, want to talk a little bit about each of then I guess the first one we’ve been involved in and to congratulate all of you who are here. and someone they trained who now works The second runner-up is Earl Kashiwagi. at Blair House, so you want to—come on up, Stand up. There he is. You’d never guess Francis—explain this. where’s he’s from, would you? Earl and his Francis Voigt. She’s right out here, Karen wife, Chris, cut short their honeymoon in Webber. Karen, come on up. 1973 to work on his uncle’s produce farm You know, entrepreneurs can’t help them- in Kauai. When one uncle became ill, he be- selves; we’re always looking for opportunities came manager and began to build a whole- to promote our organization. We just visited sale side of the business. He helped teach the Blair House yesterday to see how our farmers how to diversify local crops. He fash- student was doing. The executive chef ar- ioned innovative shipping techniques and ranged for her to come by this morning and created a broad new distribution network. present a hat to the President. He’s beaten the effects of many hurricanes. The President. You all probably know In 1990 he bought his business, which em- this, but Blair House is the official guest resi- ploys more than 30 people and is the largest dence for the President. That’s where—when produce wholesaler in Kauai with sales ex- foreign leaders come to stay, for example, ceeding $4.5 million. He is our second run- they all stay in Blair House. ner-up. Let’s give him another hand. [Ap- So, are you doing a good job over there? plause] [Laughter] I like this, but, you know, I probably Karen Webber. Absolutely. should take it off because we can’t have all The President. Thank you. You all go over three winners from Hawaii. [Laughter] there and stand, and we’ll do this. Our first runners-up are Francis Voigt and Karen Webber presented the hat to the John Dranow. Are they here? Where are [ President. they? Stand up. Come on up. They left their ] chosen fields to begin the New England Cul- The President. I’ll use this, this weekend. inary Institute in Vermont. Their wives, both [Laughter] poets, were their first support system. How- Our winner is Lorraine Miller from Salt ever, they later received less poetic, but Lake City, the president of Cactus and equally public-spirited support from the Tropicals. Come on up here. You stand here SBA. They prepared people for success in while I talk about you. the food business through hands-on training Lorraine is president of Cactus and and with the lowest teacher-student ratio in Tropicals in Salt Lake City, Utah. She began the entire Nation. They offer lifelong support with just a love of growing plants, half of her and financial aid to their students. They now $2,000 life savings, and a dream. She found have a 100-percent placement record. Start- a boarded-up building, lived above it, and ing from nothing, they now have 188 employ- worked 7 days a week. She’s overcome reluc- ees, 400 students, and revenues of nearly tant bankers, salesmen who refused to be-

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lieve a woman made the decisions, and the Congress in the next 24 hours and ask them loss of her store to eminent domain. One to vote on this assault weapons ban for law winter, she thawed the frozen ground with enforcement. This is an amazing conflict. It briquettes to dig the footings for her green- is a conflict that pits, on opposite sides, peo- house. ple that ought not to be on opposite sides. Today, she has 4 greenhouses, 15 employ- People who are concerned with law en- ees, over $1 million in sales, and a business forcement and public safety and people who growing at a rate of 20 percent a year. For know about it and live it are overwhelmingly her job and her persistence and her symbol- in favor of this assault weapons ban. They ism of the entrepreneurial spirit of America, are being told by people who represent the Lorraine Miller has been chosen the Small folks who are against this that they really Business Person of the Year. don’t understand, that they’re not in any more danger from these assault weapons NOTE: The President spoke at 11:44 a.m. in Room than they would be from a hunting rifle. I 450 of the Old Executive Office Building. find that amazing that any American, after what we have been through on our streets Remarks at a Housing and Urban and in our schools in the last few years, could Development Department Crime stand up and look into the eyes of the law Briefing enforcement community of America and tell May 4, 1994 them, ‘‘You don’t know that your life’s in more danger.’’ I don’t see how they could Thank you very much, Secretary Cisneros, say it, looking into the statistics of what the ladies and gentlemen. I am delighted to see emergency rooms of this country have faced you here, and I know what you’ve been here in the last 10 or 15 years. If you want to talking about. talk about it just crassly, just go back and I just want to make sure that you know look at the statistics on gunshot victims out- when you heard from the Vice President and side the home in emergency rooms in major then Secretary Cisneros, that you were look- cities in the last 10 years, and look what the ing at two of People magazine’s 50 most average number of bullets you find in the beautiful people of the year. [Laughter] bodies of people who show up are. Some of us resent that. All I can tell you And so I understand this is a tough politi- is that I hope to live to see both of them cal vote for the House of Representatives, become President of the United States— and I know we started way behind. And I [laughter]—because they would not only be know that as late as yesterday, I was still talk- outstanding Presidents, they would quickly ing through with Members actually what is lose any eligibility for that title. in the bill. A lot of people didn’t know, for I want to thank you for many things; first, example, that the bill grandfathers the pos- for working with Secretary Cisneros and the session of these weapons on the part of people of HUD to deal with the problem sportsmen who like to shoot a couple of them of safety in public housing. And especially, at the ranges in contests. Well, they can keep I want to thank my good friend Vince Lane those weapons operating for decades if they and the other folks in Chicago who tried to take good care of them, literally decades. But help us work through this court decision so people who use them on the street in crimes that the people who live in these units would and gangs, they won’t take as good care of still have the right to be protected from a them. A lot of them will be washed up; we’ll level of crime and violence that many Ameri- get them out of the system much more quick- cans would find it impossible even to imag- ly. But the people who have them will not ine. lose them now by law. I also want to ask you—everyone who is I still find that we’ve got—a lot of the here today and everybody who’s associated problems we’ve got with this bill are literally with public housing and every law enforce- making sure that everybody knows every- ment officer who is here and all those whom thing that’s in it. But the big problem is the you represent—to call every Member of political fight. And I just would implore you

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to call everybody you can. They say we be better off without having to look down haven’t got any chance to win, but they al- those barrels anymore. Help us. Help us. ready admit we’ve made up 50 votes over Stand up for law enforcement. Stand up for where we were last time this thing was voted safety. Stand up for the kids of this coun- on. And I think we do have a chance if every try’’—we’ve still got a chance to win this law enforcement officer who knows every thing, and we need your help. Thank you Member of Congress would call those people very much. and say, ‘‘This is not a partisan issue. This is a question of law enforcement and safety NOTE: The President spoke at 12:20 p.m. in the for Americans and sensible policy. And don’t Indian Treaty Room at the White House. In his you believe those people who tell you that remarks, he referred to Vince Lane, chairman, Chicago Housing Authority. A tape was not avail- we don’t know what we’re talking about. We able for verification of the content of these re- are on the receiving end of these bullets, and marks. we can count, thank you very much. We do understand the difference between being shot at with a revolver and something with Remarks on Signing the School-to- 12 rounds, 15 rounds, 30 rounds, or 60 Work Opportunities Act of 1994 rounds. We can count.’’ May 4, 1994 And I believe if you can make it just that simple, then it is our job to answer all the Just go on and sit in my seat. If you keep factual questions that we are being asked by talking like that you’ll occupy it someday any- people from rural districts, who in good con- way. [Laughter] science have to be able to answer these ques- My goodness, he was good. You know, all tions to the sportsmen in their districts. We of us, I think, carry around inside progressive can answer those questions to their satisfac- impulses and conservative impulses that send tion if you will lay the hammer down and us different messages from time to time. And say, this is about standing with law enforce- one of the conservative impulses that has ment and children and safety and the future. been honed in me over time is always be We are beginning to put some sanity back careful what you do because of the law of into our laws, and the American people are unintended consequences. Well, when I beginning to demand that we have greater think of the enormous bipartisan support this safety in our homes, on our streets, in our legislation has had, it didn’t seem to me that schools. there could possibly be any adverse unin- This crime bill’s got a lot of good things tended consequences. But do you realize in it. It’s going to ban possession of all hand- what Chris Brady has done today by telling guns by minors, except under controlled cir- us what he does? Do you have any idea how cumstances with approved supervision. It’s many criminals all over the world have always going to give us the money we need to pro- wondered who monitored those $10,000 vide security, metal detectors and other transfers for the IRS? What the heck, it was things, in schools. It’s going to put more po- worth it to get the bill and to meet him. lice officers on the street. It’s got a lot of [Laughter] good things. But we ought not to walk away You know, when a President signs a bill from this. We ought to put it in. It’s right into law, normally he just needs the bill, a for law enforcement. pen, and a desk. And ordinarily, the bill and And if you guys will do this—if the men the pen get the top billing; he signs the bill, and women of law enforcement in America hands out the pens. Today we’re going to will call the Congress in the next 24 hours try to give the desk a little higher billing. It’s and say, ‘‘Do this one for us, and don’t be- no ordinary desk, and its presence here lieve all those people telling you that we don’t today, as much as any speech or ceremony, know our own best interest and we don’t real- symbolizes what this bill is all about. ly know what’s good for people on our Last month Janet Swenson gave her stu- streets. We do. We have been on the wrong dents at the Manufacturing Technology end of those weapons, and we know we’ll Project in Flint, Michigan, an assignment:

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Suppose the President wanted you to design and a higher quality of training for young a desk and build it to use at a White House people who didn’t go on to 4-year institutions ceremony. It couldn’t look like a typical desk. of higher education and ultimately to de- It had to be inexpensive. It had to be easy grees. to move and reassemble. Within an hour, This is the work, my fellow Americans, that eight of her students had formed a project we will have to continue for a lifetime. If team, drawn up rough blueprints, and even you want to keep the American dream alive, called a supplier to check on the availability we must not only create more jobs, we have of materials. to make it possible for people who work hard Then they went to work. They drew on and do the right thing to become members their knowledge of geometry and applied of our middle class society. math to tinker with the blueprints. They ne- You heard Hillary mention the Grant com- gotiated with the vendors and bought the mission report way back in ’87 about the for- proper supplies. They built the desk at their gotten half, the young people who don’t go center in Flint, Michigan. Then they broke on to further education and training, or the it down, packed it up, and brought it with Carnegie report, ‘‘America’s Choice: High them to Washington. Yesterday, with a few Skills and Low Wages.’’ These are things that Allen wrenches, they put it back together she and I and all of our people for years again here on the White House lawn, and talked about because we knew the people here it is. This is a custom-made piece of personally who were affected by it. If you furniture, developed, designed, built, deliv- were fortunate enough to represent people ered, and assembled by eight young people, from a small State, like me or Senator Mitch- none of whom is older than 20 years of age. ell, who never comes to the White House I’d like to ask them to stand, along with their without at least one person from Maine— teacher. Where are they? Stand up. Here I’ve now met half the population, Gov- they are, these eight. Give them a hand. [Ap- ernor—[laughter]—thanks to his coming plause] here—you actually know people who work This bill is not the end of a journey. It’s harder every year for lower wages. You know not a problem that has been solved. Instead, people who lose their jobs and then they can it’s a whole new approach to work and learn- never get a job that good again. You see ing. Hillary and I were talking up here, as what’s happened in stark terms to people we looked out across this vast sea of faces whom Senator Riegle represents in the auto- of those of you who we have known and mobile industry. There are millions of people worked with for so many years on this issue. like that everywhere. I was thinking about how many nights I have And so I want to begin just by thanking talked to Bob Reich about this subject over the Members of Congress who put aside par- the last 10 years, long before he ever tisanship and regionalism and everything else dreamed he’d be Secretary of Labor and cer- to pass this bill. And they have already been tainly before even his fertile imagination acknowledged, the leaders have, by Secretary could have figured out how I might be able Reich, but let me just acknowledge the peo- to appoint him someday. [Laughter] ple who played a major role in the various The whole time I served as Governor of committees, whose names I now have: In ad- my State, I kept in my office a little silver dition to Chairman Ford, the minority leader box that Dick Riley gave me way back in of that committee, Congressman Bill Good- 1979, the first time I went to South Carolina ling; Congressman Dale Kildee; Congress- to meet with him and talk with him. I see man Steve Gunderson; on the Senate side, in this audience the sea of faces of people in addition to Chairman Kennedy and Sen- with whom there is some story, some connec- ator Mitchell, Senator Durenberger, Senator tion about this great endeavor on which we Jeffords, Senator Metzenbaum, Senator Pell, are embarked. The last major initiative I sup- Senator Simon, Senator Wofford, Senator ported as the Governor of my State before Hatfield. And I know Senator Ford and Sen- I began campaigning for President was one ator Riegle are here, but there are a slew designed to create a school-to-work network of Members of Congress here whose names

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I don’t have. But I want you to see the depth For too long, we were the only country of support this bill has, so I’d like to ask every that did not have a system to provide this Member of Congress here present to stand sort of education and training and oppor- so the rest of you can see how much they tunity for young people who don’t go on to cared about this. 4-year colleges. Oh, a lot of people were We have probably more than 10 percent doing a great job of it and, interestingly of the entire Congress here today. I thank enough, as so often happens to people, were Secretary Riley, and I’m glad that Secretary way ahead of the system. And you can see Reich could tear himself away from Jay Leno that in the explosion of enrollments in high- long enough to show up today. He was funny quality 2-year programs all around the coun- last night; did you see him? Probably wants try and more and more high schools trying a raise today. [Laughter] He needs further to come to grips with their responsibilities training before we do that. [Laughter] to train young people who weren’t going to I want to thank the people from business college. But we didn’t have a way of provid- and labor and education and the community ing these opportunities to all of our people. activists, all of you who are here. And most The legislation that I will sign is both inno- important, I want to honor the young men vative in structure and ambitious in scope. and women who are now seizing the oppor- It doesn’t simply throw a lot of new money tunity provided by existing programs to make or create a lot of new bureaucracy. Instead, sure they don’t become part of America’s for- it enables us in the National Government to be a catalyst, to bring together workers and gotten half. Each of the young people who businesses, parents and students, the experts are here today will receive a certificate, but and the doers, the designers and the imple- I think we ought to give them another hand menters to create programs that work for and say we’re pulling for their future. [Ap- every American in every community in this plause] country. It will provide development grants Creating this national network of school- for each State to plan comprehensive training to-work programs is our common attempt to and education and apprenticeship systems. address perhaps the greatest challenge of our And it will do what I think we ought to do: times for Americans: how to make the dra- It will set national standards for what these matic economic changes occurring all over programs must accomplish, grassroots re- the world work for our own people, how to forms, national standards. put their interests first and reward their ef- The Federal Government is not very good forts and give life to their aspirations. We at regulating or operating things like this, but can revive our economy. We can bring the we can know through readily available infor- deficit down, increase investment, create mation what standards all programs ought to jobs; we can expand trade. We can do all meet, and then we can empower people at these things, but if we don’t give our own the grassroots level to decide how they can people the change to reap the rewards of most easily meet those standards. That’s the economic progress, we will have failed. sort of reinventing Government the Vice The last two decades have been especially President is always talking about and working hard on the working people of America— on. It’s a small seed that will give us quickly, all of you know that—especially on the 75 I predict to you, a national network of school- percent of our people who don’t actually fin- to-work programs. ish getting a 4-year college degree. We are In the years to come, our young people now in a global economy where, to use my will be able to know with confidence that buzz phrase, what you earn depends on what their learning will not end when they leave you can learn, not even what you know. We high school, but they won’t leave high school now see that we passed the decade in the without enough learning to go on to further eighties where the gap between the wages training and to be productive citizens. of college graduates and high school grad- This new law, as important as it is, is a uates literally doubled because of global eco- part of a larger piece. Just a few weeks ago, nomic forces. I signed the Goals 2000 legislation, and a lot

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of you worked hard on that, setting national lation fulfills a promise I made to the Amer- performance standards for the first time for ican people. It is particularly appropriate that our schools and again supporting grassroots the enactment of the School-to-Work Oppor- reforms to achieve those standards. Now tunities Act of 1994 so closely follows the en- we’re working cooperatively again in a bipar- actment of the ‘‘Goals 2000: Educate Amer- tisan spirit with Congress to refine and to ica Act.’’ These Acts are important mile- enact the last significant piece of this lifetime stones on our Nation’s journey toward excel- learning agenda, the reemployment act, that lence and equity in our schools and work- will change the unemployment system to a places. In particular, the School-to-Work Op- reemployment system in recognition of the portunities Act of 1994 will provide a better fact that most people don’t get called back education for our young people as they to their old jobs when they are on unemploy- progress from school to a first job in a high- ment. skill, high-wage career and to further edu- The average worker will now change jobs cation or training. seven times in a lifetime, and in a workplace We have failed for too long to give our where ROM’s and RAM’s and robotics are young people the opportunity and tools to the rage, there will never, ever be a time make the critical and challenging transition again when our workers won’t need to learn from school to a first job with a future. Too something new. The reemployment fact will, many students either drop out of school or therefore, complement this school-to-work complete school without the skills they need act and the Goals 2000 bill. And as the Amer- to succeed in a changing world. They lack ican people, with all their energy and ingenu- a sense of the promise and potential that lies ity and ability, implement them, it will be ahead of them. The School-to-Work Oppor- a lasting tribute to those of you from all cor- tunities Act of 1994 will help change that. ners of America and all walks of life and both In today’s global economy, a nation’s great- political parties who have known for many est resource—indeed, the ultimate source of years that this was the thing we have to do. its wealth—is its people. To compete and It will also be another chance to keep alive win, our work force must be well-educated, the dream that has driven so many of us to well-trained, and highly skilled. Let me re- this place and this lawn today, the chance peat what I said earlier this year: ‘‘We are to make a good living, the chance to reach living in a world where what you earn is a for the brass ring, the chance to achieve the function of what you can learn . . . and American dream. That is, after all, what we where there can no longer be a division be- were given and what we clearly owe to the tween what is practical and what is aca- young people here today and to their chil- demic.’’ dren. We all know that low-skilled jobs are be- Thank you very much. coming scarcer. Those jobs are being re- placed by technology or drifting to countries NOTE: The President spoke at 1:40 p.m. on the whose workers are eager to labor for a small South Lawn at the White House. In his remarks, fraction of American wages. In short, the he referred to Chris Brady, a school-to-work stu- days of unskilled teenagers leaving high dent from Boston, MA. H.R. 2884, approved May 4, was assigned Public Law No. 103–239. A tape school and finding good-paying factory jobs was not available for verification of the content for life are gone. of these remarks. The School-to-Work Opportunities Act can help young people adapt to this changing world, making it an important part of my Statement on Signing the School-to- work force strategy. This Act will ensure that Work Opportunities Act of 1994 during the last 2 years of high school, and May 4, 1994 typically for at least 1 year beyond, young people will benefit in several ways. They will Today it is with pride that I sign into law be able to obtain quality on-the-job experi- H.R. 2884, the ‘‘School-to-Work Opportuni- ence combined with classroom instruction, ties Act of 1994.’’ The enactment of this legis- leading to certification in marketable skills.

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Such well-marked paths to productive roles This Act fosters the creation of ‘‘partner- in the working world will benefit both our ships’’ in local communities that will develop young people and the Nation’s many busi- and tailor the local School-to-Work Opportu- nesses anxious for skilled new employees. nities programs to the needs and resources This Act is not another top-down mandate of those communities. The partnerships will for one more Federal program. Under the consist of representatives of many important School-to-Work Opportunities Act, Federal local interests, such as employers, educators, funds will be available, for a limited period, labor organizations, students, parents, and as venture capital to stimulate State and local local government agencies. These partner- creativity in establishing statewide School-to- ships will, starting immediately, foster the de- Work Opportunities systems. To promote sign and implementation of a School-to- systemic reform, State and local participants Work Opportunities system in every State. are given a substantial degree of flexibility The partnerships can develop the local pro- to experiment and to build upon current gram based on promising practices already promising approaches. All the States’ systems underway. Together, States and communities will, however, have to share certain common will take the lead in determining goals and features and basic program components that priorities, developing new strategies, and in experience demonstrates are crucial to a measuring progress. quality school-to-work system. Also, by form- H.R. 2884 was developed by the Adminis- ing local partnerships of individuals who have tration working closely with the Congress in a stake in their children’s future, commu- a spirit of bipartisan cooperation. This spirit nities will play an active role in giving Amer- of cooperation will continue on many dif- ican youth access to skills and employment ferent levels in the day-to-day operation of the School-to-Work programs. First, the Act opportunities. will be jointly administered by the Secretar- Under this Act, States and communities ies of Labor and Education. Second, States can build bridges from school to work and communities can work together in devel- through programs that provide students with oping the various programs that will become a wide array of learning experiences in the part of this system. Third, the formation of classroom and at work. All School-to-Work the partnership at the local level will allow Opportunities programs will contain three communities to examine their needs and to core components. First, the school-based address them in a cooperative manner. learning component will include a coherent Today, with my approval of H.R. 2884, we multi-year program of study tied to high aca- start on the path to a better future for our demic and occupational skill standards, such Nation’s young people. as those to be developed as a result of the recently enacted Goals 2000: Educate Amer- William J. Clinton ica Act. Second, the work-based learning The White House, component will provide students with a May 4, 1994. planned program of job training and work experiences, including workplace mentoring, NOTE: H.R. 2884, approved May 4, was assigned Public Law No. 103–239. in a broad range of occupational areas. Third, the connecting activities component will en- sure coordination of the work-based and Statement on the Implementation of school-based learning components, as well as the Israel-Palestinian Declaration of encourage the active participation of employ- Principles ers. By completing a School-to-Work Oppor- May 4, 1994 tunities program, a student will earn a high school diploma or its equivalent, a diploma The signing today in Cairo of the agree- or certificate from a postsecondary institution ment to implement the Israel-Palestinian (if appropriate), and an industry-recognized Declaration of Principles marks another skill certificate for competency in an occupa- milestone in progress toward a lasting peace tional area. in the Middle East. On behalf of all Ameri-

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cans, I have called Prime Minister Rabin and I look forward to working with the Con- Chairman Arafat to congratulate them for gress throughout the 1995 appropriation this accomplishment. I expressed my high re- process. gard for Prime Minister Rabin’s courageous William J. Clinton leadership and stressed to Chairman Arafat the importance of moving without hesitation The White House, to make this agreement a reality. I also tele- May 4, 1994. phoned yesterday and again today President Mubarak to underscore our gratitude and ap- Remarks at the Andrew W. Mellon preciation for the key role he played in mak- Dinner ing this historic step forward possible. May 4, 1994 Now the focus must be on implementing the Declaration of Principles in as rapid and Thank you very much, Mrs. Stevenson, successful a manner as possible. The process Mr. Smith, members of the Mellon family, of transforming the situation on the ground distinguished Justices of the Supreme Court, for the better must begin. The promise of Members of Congress, Secretary Riley, Mr. a new future of hope for Israelis and Palestin- and Mrs. Powell. To the many patrons of the ians alike must now be realized. I assured arts and supporters of education who are Prime Minister Rabin and Chairman Arafat here, it is an honor for Hillary and for me that the United States would do everything to be here at this special event at this won- possible to help make this happen. derful, special building, truly our national Building on the progress achieved today monument to art. and our ongoing discussions with parties in It’s a pleasure to be among so many of the region, I am hopeful that this can be the you who have done so much to support our year of breakthrough to a lasting and com- country’s cultural heritage. Without our Na- prehensive peace for all the peoples of the tion’s magnificent tradition of philanthropy, Middle East. Americans from all walks of life would never have the chance to enjoy art and culture, to find true education. Message to the Congress I first came here as a young student at Transmitting the District of Georgetown. Then, when I was in my Columbia Budget twenties, after I had left school, I came to this gallery almost every time I came back May 4, 1994 to Washington. When Hillary and I met in law school and came from time to time to To the Congress of the United States: Washington, we would come to the National In accordance with the District of Colum- Gallery. Later when I was a Governor and bia Self-Government and Governmental Re- came here only for stuffy old meetings, on organization Act, I am transmitting the Dis- occasion I would sneak away from wherever trict of Columbia Government’s 1995 budget we were supposed to be convening and come request and 1994 revised budget request. here and look at these pictures and think I The District of Columbia Government has would never do anything remotely as impor- submitted a 1995 budget request for $3,409 tant as paint some of the things that hang million in 1995 that includes a Federal pay- on these walls. ment of $674 million, the amount authorized For all of you who have given, I thank you. and requested by the Mayor and the City The spirit of giving really creates America’s Council. The 1995 Federal payment level sense of common bond, our sense of commu- proposed in my fiscal year 1995 budget of nity. I want to especially thank the members $670 million is also included in the District’s of the Mellon family and other patrons of 1995 budget as an alternative level. My trans- this gallery. Andrew Mellon somehow knew mittal of the District’s budget, as required that throughout the ages, art could make a by law, does not represent an endorsement difference in the lives of people and nations. of its contents. Thankfully, that was a gift he passed along

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to his children, who represent the best tradi- of cultural awareness and sensitivity that tion of service to others. would be absolutely unthinkable without I do want to thank, since it’s been men- these programs. So for the educational ef- tioned, the National Gallery for the gifts of forts you have all made, I say thank you. art to the White House—on loan. [Laughter] And if you’ll give me one more indulgence, And I do want to say that I’m glad you’ve I want to say a special word of thanks for got enough left over to fill these wonderful the astonishing generosity of two people who buildings with so many extraordinary works are here tonight, Walter and Leonore of art. Annenberg, who have done so much to help Tonight we honor not only the contribu- us to promote education in this country. tions of Andrew Mellon and his family, but I was pleased when we stood in the line we take time to underscore the partnership tonight, how many of you came through and between the United States and the citizens said something like, ‘‘Well, I’m from a little who have done so much to preserve and en- town in Missouri.’’ ‘‘I’ve been to your State,’’ hance artistic institutions in the United or ‘‘I understand something about your back- States. ground.’’ I think sometimes people think too In this time of budget-cutting and belt- quickly that these great magnificent works tightening, the Federal, State, and local gov- of art can only be appreciated by those of ernments together only provide a small frac- us who are fortunate enough to live in the tion of the support for our common cultural great cities of our country, to assume the high life. That’s why the contributions of people positions in business and government and like those of you who are here tonight are elsewhere. But if you look at the life stories crucial to the continuing vitality of our insti- of the artists that we honor by hanging their tutions. wonderful pictures in these galleries, you will I must say that one of the most difficult see a much more typical picture of ordinary things that I have to face as President is the life at every age and time. You have helped sure knowledge that if I fail to relieve the us to bind up one another in a common cul- burden on future generations of the enor- ture and to understand our connections to mous debt which has been built up, I will the past so that we can better hand down be saddling our children, our grandchildren, our values to the future. For that, the United with something that will always handicap our States is in your debt. economy. And yet, it is difficult for me and Thank you very much. for the Members of Congress not to be able to give more funds to things that we really NOTE: The President spoke at 10:10 p.m. at the believe in. We will continue to do what we National Gallery of Art. In his remarks, he re- can to support the arts, but we need for you ferred to Ruth Carter Stevenson, chair, and Rob- to continue to do what you can as well. We ert H. Smith, president, board of trustees of the would all be not only less well-educated but, National Gallery of Art; and director of the Na- in a fundamental sense, less human than we tional Gallery of Art Earl A. Powell III, and his ought to be were it not for the opportunity wife, Nancy. to spend time in places like the National Gal- lery. I also want to say a special word of appre- Remarks on Legislation To Ban ciation to those of you associated with the Assault Weapons and an Exchange Gallery who support the educational pro- With Reporters grams and the outreach of the Gallery. You May 5, 1994 know, I grew up in a small town in my home State, and I never will forget the first time The President. In a few weeks the Con- I went to the State’s art gallery. I thought gress will pass, and I will be able to sign, I had died and gone to heaven. Now there landmark legislation to fight crime in this are children all across this country that, be- country. Working together we have been able cause of the outreach programs of galleries, to show that crime is not a partisan issue. see pictures, understand art, develop a level It’s an American issue, and it requires com-

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prehensive solutions, more punishment, give them this tool that they say they need more prevention, more police officers. to protect us against violence. This afternoon, the House of Representa- tives will be considering a key part of that Caning in Singapore strategy, a law that bans 19 deadly assault Q. Mr. President, what do you think of weapons that pose a clear and present danger the caning of the American in Singapore? to our citizens and to our police officers. Just The President. I think it was a mistake, 2 years ago, a similar law was defeated by as I said before, not only because of the na- a very wide margin in the House. Now we’re ture of the punishment related to the crime a few votes away from a dramatic strike but because of the questions that were raised against these deadly weapons and the crimi- about whether the young man was, in fact, nals who use them. guilty and had voluntarily confessed. Congressman Steve Neal, in an act of con- Q. What are you going to do about it, Mr. viction and courage, has joined the ranks of President? House Members who support our local po- The President. Well, we’re discussing lice and fight for safe neighborhoods, joining that, actually, as we speak here, what would forces with law enforcement and standing up be an appropriate statement by our Govern- to a lot of the misapprehension and fear and ment in the aftermath of this. misinformation that has been spread by the Assault Weapons opponents of this very sensible crime control measure. I want to thank Steve Neal, and Q. [Inaudible]—if the assault ban fails in the citizens across this country who are con- Congress today, is there any administrative cerned about this terrible problem are in his action you could take, say, through the Treas- debt. ury Department, to ban these weapons your- The vote to keep dangerous assault weap- self in the Executive order or prohibition? The President. ons out of the hands of criminals occurs this I don’t believe we can do afternoon. Members are having to choose that. There may be some things that we can do that will minimize the problem. But I and make difficult choices between support- don’t think any options that are available to ing the local police in their efforts to disarm us will be as effective as the ban on these criminals who can use these weapons to kill assault weapons. lots of people and those who are spreading I do want to say, as I have talked to Mem- fears about the reach of this law. bers, there are basically two classes of con- Today, the American people hope and be- cerns among those who wish to vote for this lieve that common sense and the common bill. And I am convinced a majority, if they good should prevail. With the help of people could vote anonymously, would vote for this like Steve Neal, it will. I’m very grateful to bill. And there are two classes of concerns him, and I wanted to give him the chance among those people. One is, some of the ad- to say a few words this morning before we ministrative requirements, which we’ll cir- have the vote this afternoon. culate a letter today that Congressman Schu- Congressman. mer and Mr. Synar and others have worked Representative Steve Neal. Thank you, on, to satisfy the people who are worried sir. about the recordkeeping requirements, that The President. Thank you so much. all those concerns, those practical concerns Representative Neal. Thank you. Well, I can be fixed in the conference report. The would say that the President is right about other is the so-called camel’s-nose-inside- this. It is the first responsibility of our Gov- the-tent theory. A lot of our Members are ernment to protect our citizens. There is a being told by folks back home that they have war going on on the streets of America, most- been convinced by the opponents of this bill ly in the big cities, and the police are that today it’s these assault weapons, which outgunned. Now they say they need this leg- they don’t own, and tomorrow it’ll be some islation to help them protect us and our fami- legitimate hunting weapon, which they do lies against violent criminals. So we ought to own.

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Well, that’s why the bill contains the list Africa went to the polls, as voters lined up of over 600 specific weapons that are pro- for miles and miles, coming on crutches and tected. So I hope that we can, in effect, just in wheelchairs, waiting patiently, crossing the debunk that, can overcome that argument by countryside to exercise their franchise, to the time of the vote this afternoon. Those create a new nation conceived in liberty and are the two things I’ve been hearing. empowered by their redemptive suffering. I was on the phone until about midnight I have just spoken with President-elect last night. And I’ve made several calls again Mandela and with President de Klerk. I con- this morning working on this issue. And I gratulated Mr. Mandela on his victory and believe we have a chance. It’s very difficult, told President de Klerk that he clearly de- as you know; we were way, way down when serves tremendous credit for his leadership. we started and counted out right up until Their courage, their statesmanship, along the 11th hour. But we may still have a chance with the leadership of Chief Buthelezi and to pass this because people like Steve Neal others, has made this transition smoother have been willing to come forward. than many thought possible. South Africa is free today because of the Supreme Court Nominee choices its leaders and people made. Their Q. Mr. President, the Wall Street Journal actions have been an inspiration. We can also says that Judge Richard Arnold is now your be proud of America’s role in this great favorite to become the next Supreme Court drama. Because those of you here today and Justice. Should he be penalized because he’s many others have helped to keep freedom’s from Arkansas? Is he your favorite? flame lit during the dark night of apartheid, The President. Well, first of all, I have Congress enacted sanctions to help squeeze no comment on whether I have a favorite legitimacy from the apartheid regime. Stu- or not. And secondly, he shouldn’t be penal- dents marched in solidarity. Stockholders ized because he’s from Arkansas. I mean, he held their companies to higher ethical stand- was first in his class at Harvard and Yale; ards. America’s churches, both black and he’s the chief judge of the 8th Circuit; and white, took up the mantle of moral leader- he’s been head of the Appellate Judges Asso- ship. And throughout the fight, American ciation. So I don’t think anyone would ques- civil rights leaders here helped to lead the tion—it would be difficult to find, just on way. Throughout, South Africa’s cause has terms of those raw qualifications, an appel- been also an American cause. Last week’s late judge with equal or superior qualifica- miracle came to pass in part because of tions. I don’t think any American would ex- America’s help. And now we must not turn pect someone to be disqualified because they our backs. happen to come from my State. Let me begin by saying that we all know Q. When will we learn about your selec- South Africa faces a task of building a toler- tion? ant democracy and a successful market econ- The President. Well, there’s one or two omy and that enabling the citizens of South other things going on here, but we’re working Africa to reach their potential, economically, on it. We’re spending a good deal of time is critical to preserving the tolerant democ- on it. It won’t be long. racy. To show that reconciliation and democ- racy can bring tangible benefits, others will NOTE: The President spoke at 9:50 a.m. in the Rose Garden at the White House. have to help. I’m convinced South Africa can become a model for the entire continent. And America must be a new and full partner Remarks Announcing Assistance to with that new government, so that it can de- South Africa liver on its promise as quickly as possible. May 5, 1994 We’ve already begun. Over the past year, the United States sent experts to South Afri- Thank you very much. Ladies and gentle- ca to negotiate a new constitution—or to help men, welcome to all of you. Last week we them negotiate the new constitution. We watched with wonder as the citizens of South provided considerable assistance to help

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their elections work. We lifted sanctions. We tions resonated so deeply in the souls of all sent two trade and investment missions to Americans. lay the groundwork for greater economic co- Whether in South Africa or America, we operation. And we had a very fine American know there is not finish line to democracy’s delegation of election observers there during work. Developing habits of tolerance and re- the recent elections. And I’d like to especially spect, creating opportunity for all our citi- thank the leader of that delegation, Reverend zens, these efforts are never completely Jesse Jackson, for his outstanding contribu- done. But let us savor the fact that South tions to the success of the South African elec- Africa now has the chance to begin that noble tions. Thank you, sir. and vital work. Today I am announcing a substantial in- Thirty-three years ago, Albert Luthuli be- crease in our efforts to promote trade, aid, came the first of four South Africans to win and investment in South Africa. Over the the Nobel Peace Prize. As he accepted the next 3 years we will provide and leverage award, he described his people as, and I about $600 million in funds to South Africa. quote, ‘‘living testimony to the unconquer- For this fiscal year we have increased assist- able spirit of mankind. Down the years they ance from $83 million to $143 million. Along have sought the goal of fuller life and liberty, with guarantees and other means, our re- striving with incredible determination and sources, which will be mobilized for next fortitude.’’ year, will exceed $200 million. Through the Today, that fortitude and the strivings of programs of 10 U.S. Government agencies, generations, have begun to bear fruit. To- we will work with South Africans to help gether, we must help all South Africans build meet the needs which they identify, to build on their newfound freedom. Thank you very much. homes and hospitals, to provide better edu- And now I’d like to ask the Vice President cation, to promote good governance and eco- to come forward to make some acknowledge- nomic development. ments and some remarks and to talk a little I’m writing to the leaders of the other G– about the historic trip that the American del- 7 countries and asking them to join us in ex- egation he will lead is about to make. Mr. panding assistance to South Africa. And we Vice President. urge the international financial institutions, such as the World Bank, to do the same. NOTE: The President spoke at 11:20 a.m. on the Next week, I’m also sending an official del- South Lawn at the White House. In his remarks, egation to South Africa for President he referred to South African President-elect Nel- Mandela’s inauguration. Vice President Gore son Mandela, President F.W. de Klerk, and will lead the trip, along with Mrs. Gore. Mangosuthu Buthelezi, leader of the South Afri- They’ll be joined by the First Lady, Secretary can Inkatha Freedom Party. A tape was not avail- able for verification of the content of these re- Brown, Secretary Espy, and many others, in- marks. cluding those here in the audience today. We are taking these actions because we have important interests at stake in the suc- Remarks on Action by the House of cess of South Africa’s journey. We have an Representatives on Assault Weapons economic interest in a thriving South Africa and an Exchange With Reporters that will seek our exports and generate great- May 5, 1994 er prosperity throughout the region. We have a security interest in a stable, democratic The President. This afternoon, the House South Africa, working with its neighbors to of Representatives rose to the occasion and restore and secure peace. We have a clear stood up for the national interest. Two hun- moral interest. We have had our own difficult dred and sixteen Members stood up for our struggles over racial division, and still we police, our children, and for safety on our grapple with the challenges of drawing streets. They stood up against the madness strength from our own diversity. That is why that we have come to see when criminals and the powerful images of South Africa’s elec- terrorists have legal access to assault weapons

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and then find themselves better armed than in our Congressional Liaison Office and else- police, putting more and more people in in- where, and especially I want to recognize creasing danger of their lives. Karen Hancox and Rahm Emanuel who The 19 assault weapons banned by this never gave up and always believed we could proposal are deadly, dangerous weapons. win this fight. They were designed for one purpose only, Let me conclude by reminding all of you to kill people. And as long as violent criminals that Americans are not divided by party or have easy access to them, they will continue section or philosophy on their deep yearning to be used to kill people. We as a nation are and determination to be safer. And so I close determined to turn that around. by extending the hand of friendship to our In the last year there has been a sea change friends on both sides of the aisle and both in the crime debate. To be sure, there is still sides of this issue. In particular, to Chairman a national consensus in support of the rights Jack Brooks whose leadership is going to of hunters and sportsmen to keep and bear bring us the toughest and most significant their arms. And as long as I am President, anticrime bill ever passed by the United those rights will continue to be protected. States Congress. Let us go back to work until But we have also overcome the partisanship our work is finished. and the rhetoric that has divided us too long Thank you very much. and kept us from our responsibilities to pro- vide for law and order, to protect the peace Assault Weapons and safety of ordinary Americans. Q. Mr. President, how much difference We have come together in the belief that did your lobbying make, sir, do you think? more police, more prisons, tougher sen- How much difference did your personal lob- tences, and better prevention, together can bying make, did you think? And when did make our neighborhoods safer, our streets, you know that you had it, if it was before our schools, and our homes more secure. the vote itself? This legislation passed today now becomes The President. Well, it’s hard for me to part of a larger strategy to fight crime to know how much difference my personal lob- make the American people safer. That’s what bying made. I made dozens of phone calls. the elected mayors and Governors want with- I finished my phone calls last night at mid- out regard to party. That’s what every major night, and I started again this morning. And police organization wants, representing peo- I continued up to the very end. ple who put their lives on the line to protect To be candid, I never did know we were the rest of us. And most importantly, that going to win. I don’t think we ever knew for is what the American people want, the right sure how this was going to come out. I had to be safe and secure without having their an instinct right at the beginning of the vote freedoms taken away by criminals or by an when I spoke with Congressman Carr. unresponsive or unreasoning National Gov- The hunters and sportsmen of this country ernment. and the National Rifle Association itself I want to especially thank Congressman never had a better friend in the Congress Schumer for the tenacity, the determination than him. And he decided to vote for this that he demonstrated in leading this fight for measure because he thought it was the right so long in the House. And I want to thank thing to do. And after I hung up the phone— every Member of the House of Representa- that was right at the beginning of the vote, tives in both parties who voted for this bill I think—I said, ‘‘You know, we might just today, and in so doing, demonstrated extraor- pull this off.’’ But I didn’t know before then. dinary courage in the face of extraordinary political pressure to walk away. Whitewater I want to thank our remarkable Cabinet Q. Mr. President, there was a very broad led by the Attorney General and by Secretary subpoena served in the White House today Bentsen who worked so hard for the passage which might raise a number of questions for of this legislation. I want to thank the band you. How will you decide whether to assert of stalwart workers here in the White House, executive or lawyer-client privilege on things

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that might be very private, such as notes to its determination, its true patriotism. These you from Vince Foster or from you to Vince are qualities which can inspire the world and Foster? can strengthen democracy even in adversity. The President. I don’t know. I don’t know The United States is committed to standing anything about it. I’ve been working on this with you. all day. I have no knowledge about it. Immediately after hearing of the tragic as- sassination, the Secretary of the Treasury and NOTE: The President spoke at 5:40 p.m. in the Rose Garden at the White House. A tape was not I talked very late at night, and we committed available for verification of the content of these to establishing a multibillion-dollar contin- remarks. gency fund to help to stabilize the financial markets until people were able to deal with the consequences of these tragedies. Remarks at a Cinco de Mayo I have profound confidence in the strength Celebration of Mexico’s political institutions and its lead- May 5, 1994 ership, and in the bright prospects for the Mexican economy. I think Mexico can over- The President. Thank you very much. come any setbacks and any tragedy. And on Ambassador and Mrs. Montano, thank you August the 21st, I believe that Mexico will for welcoming me here at this magnificent hold full, free, and fair elections. building, and thank all of you for coming and I also want to say that all of you know our giving me a chance to celebrate Cinco de cooperation is terribly important for what we Mayo with you. I want to recognize here the Secretary of Transportation, Federico Pen˜ a, can do together economically and for what and thank him for all of his work; three of that can mean for all of Latin America. The my able White House aides, Joe Valasquez, North American Free Trade Agreement is Suzanna Valdez, and Grace Garcia. And I a fine example of how we must go forward want to say a word about the Members of together. In a time when nations face crucial Congress who are not here, apparently. choices all around the world, we can be They’re still voting—[laughter]—but that is, proud that, together, we made the right in some ways, our fault. We staged a great choice in going forward with NAFTA. I want fight today in the House of Representatives to say again tonight how much I appreciate to pass the assault weapons ban. So they are President Salinas in his unswerving support a couple of hours behind schedule, but it’s of the agreement. The implementation, I can because they did the work of America to- report to you, is proceeding smoothly. And night, and I’m very grateful to them. we are committed to continuing that co- It’s an honor for me to be here to celebrate operation. on this holiday Mexico’s unity and national Next week, the Secretary of State, the At- sovereignty. The Hispanic community, Mexi- torney General, our HUD Secretary Henry cans and 13 million Mexican-Americans who Cisneros, our EPA Administrator Carol live here in our Nation have every reason Browner all will visit Mexico City to meet to mark this day with great pride. with their counterparts to discuss the issues With the implementation of NAFTA, the that we can work together on. And in De- friendship between our two nations has cember, I will convene in Miami a Summit grown even closer. Our cooperation is also of the Americas where democratically elect- critical to strengthening democracy in this ed leaders of 33 nations will come together hemisphere. Sometimes in the pursuit of that to discuss our common goals. You think of great goal of democracy, we encounter trag- it: Every nation in this hemisphere, save two, edy. We have known it in our own country, tonight is governed by a democratically elect- and we here shared your profound sadness ed leader, and one of those two had a demo- over the assassination of Luis Donaldo cratic election in which the leader was Colosio last March. ousted. That is an astonishing record. No But Mexico’s response to this loss, in my hemisphere can claim to do so well in the judgment, showed its resilience, its courage, pursuit of democracy.

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Benito Juarez once said, ‘‘The respect for While progress has been achieved in assur- other’s rights means peace.’’ We in the ing that the work of advisory committees re- United States believe if we can promote de- mains focused on national, rather than spe- mocracy around the world, there will be cial interests, I am asking for your support more peace. There will be more opportunity in effecting other needed improvements. to make agreements. There will be more reli- The Administration will forward to the Con- ability. There will be less war, less turmoil, gress a legislative proposal to terminate 30 and less hatred. Not the end of problems, advisory committees required by statute, but not the end of conflict, but the promise of for which compelling needs no longer exist. working through them, that is the promise I urge the Congress to act quickly and favor- that we see fulfilled today in the wonderful ably on this proposal, and I welcome any rec- relationships between the United States and ommendations of the Congress regarding ad- Mexico, a genuine partnership among equals, ditional groups that may be eliminated striving for the future in the best way we through our joint efforts to increase the ef- know how. That is worth celebrating on this fectiveness and efficiency of the Govern- Cinco de Mayo. ment. Toward this end, I hope the Congress Thank you very much. will show increased restraint in the creation of new statutory committees. NOTE: The President spoke at 7:45 p.m. at the I have directed the executive branch to ex- Mexican Cultural Institute. In his remarks, he re- ercise continued restraint in the creation and ferred to Ambassador Jorge Montano and his wife management of advisory committees. This Luz Maria Valdez de Montano. A tape was not will allow us to obtain further savings rec- available for verification of the content of these remarks. ommended by the Vice President and the National Performance Review. Consistent with Executive Order No. 12838, the Direc- Message to the Congress tor of the Office of Management and Budget Transmitting the Report on Federal will continue to approve new agency-spon- Advisory Committees sored committees when necessary and appro- May 5, 1994 priate. In addition the General Services Ad- ministration, as apart of its overall respon- To the Congress of the United States: sibilities under the Act, will periodically pre- As provided by the Federal Advisory Com- pare legislation to propose the elimination of mittee Act, as amended (Public Law 92–463; committees no longer required by the Gov- 5 U.S.C., App. 2, 6(c)), I am submitting my ernment. first Annual Report on Federal Advisory We stand ready to work with the Congress Committees for fiscal year 1993 for your con- to assure the appropriate use of advisory sideration and action. committees and to achieve the purposes for Consistent with my efforts to create a Gov- which this law was enacted. ernment that works better and costs less, I William J. Clinton issued Executive Order No. 12838 on Feb- The White House, ruary 10, 1993, requiring the executive May 5, 1994. branch to conduct a comprehensive review of all advisory committees. Based upon this assessment, each department and agency was Message to the Congress directed to reduce by at least one-third the Transmitting the Report of the number of committees not required by the National Endowment for Democracy Congress. I am pleased to advise that this May 5, 1994 initiative has resulted in a net reduction of 284 unproductive advisory committees, ex- To the Congress of the United States: ceeding our elimination target of 267, by 6 Pursuant to the provisions of section percent, or 17 committees. In addition, we 504(h) of Public Law 98–164, as amended have identified approximately 30 unneeded (22 U.S.C. 4413(i)), I transmit herewith the statutory groups. 10th Annual Report of the National Endow-

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ment for Democracy, which covers fiscal year and William F. Downes to the U.S. District 1993. Court for the District of Wyoming. ‘‘These individuals will bring excellence to William J. Clinton the Federal bench,’’ the President said. The White House, ‘‘Each has an outstanding record of achieve- May 5, 1994. ment in the legal community.’’

NOTE: Biographies of the nominees were made Statement by the Press Secretary on available by the Office of the Press Secretary. Reforming Multilateral Peace Operations Remarks on Women’s Health Care May 5, 1994 May 6, 1994 On May 3, 1994, President Clinton signed Thank you, Mrs. Bailey, for the wonderful a Presidential Decision Directive establish- introduction and for the wonderful life you ing ‘‘U.S. Policy on Reforming Multilateral have lived. Peace Operations’’. This directive is the I want to thank all the mothers who are product of a year-long interagency policy re- here for doing such a good job with their view and extensive consultations with dozens sons and daughters, helping them to achieve of Members of Congress from both parties. a full measure of ambition. I want to thank The policy represents the first, com- the Vice President and Mrs. Gore for being prehensive framework for U.S. decision- wonderful examples of good parents. And I making on issues of peacekeeping and peace want to thank my wonderful wife for being enforcement suited to the realities of the the best mother I have ever known, as well post-cold-war period. as for taking on this often thankless but ter- Peace operations are not and cannot be ribly important job. the centerpiece of U.S. foreign policy. How- You know, since Tipper was kind enough ever, as the policy states, properly conceived to mention my mother—I was sitting here and well-executed peace operations can be thinking, I know some of these mothers here. a useful element in serving America’s inter- Rosa DeLauro’s mother campaigned with me ests. The directive prescribes a number of in New Haven, and Rosa said, ‘‘You need specific steps to improve U.S. and U.N. man- to get my mother to go with you. She’s worth agement of U.N. peace operations in order a lot more votes than I am.’’ [Laughter] So to ensure that use of such operations is selec- I watched all the people along the way being tive and more effective. too intimidated to say no, they wouldn’t vote The administration will release today an for me. [Laughter] Sure enough, we carried unclassified document outlining key ele- it. ments of the Clinton administration’s Policy On Mother’s Day we tend to think of the on Reforming Multilateral Peace Operations. wonderful and warm and kind and loving and sacrificial things our mothers do. You heard Hillary say that, like most families, mothers Nomination for District Court make the health care decisions and prod ev- Judges erybody else to do it. But you know, very May 5, 1994 often mothers are also the most practical members of the family and the most hard- The President today announced his inten- headed, and the most insistent that we face tion to nominate the following four individ- up to our responsibilities. Very often the val- uals as Federal judges: H. Lee Sarokin to ues, the internal character structure of chil- the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Cir- dren is profoundly influenced by the sort of cuit; Blanche M. Manning to the U.S. Dis- daily insistence of mothers that you just face trict Court for the Northern District of Illi- up to your daily tasks and do your job and nois; Lewis A. Kaplan to the U.S. District life will take care of itself. And that may seem Court for the Southern District of New York; terribly elemental, but one of the reasons

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that I ran for President is I thought all that policies full of the kinds of loopholes that had been abandoned here, and there was a you heard Hillary describe. There are poli- lot more talk than action. cies that deny mammograms or that don’t pay Now, last month, we just learned today for well-baby visits or prescription drugs, that that our economy produced 267,000 new routinely exclude pregnancy as a preexisting jobs in no small measure because the people condition. How can a profamily country say in this Government have begun to take re- pregnancy is a preexisting condition? Some sponsibility for bringing the deficit down and insurance companies have gone so far as to trying to do things that will grow the econ- call domestic violence a preexisting condi- omy. tion. Well, so is breathing. Yesterday, in a heroic move, the United A couple of weeks ago, in the New York States House of Representatives voted to ban Times, there was a remarkable column by 19 assault weapons. It was a very difficult a novelist named Anne Hood who wrote how thing for some of the Members, who were the system fails families today. She said she literally threatened with losing their seats and was a self-employed writer and her husband their political careers. But in the end, they had a hard time finding health insurance. got beyond the rhetoric to a very common- And when they finally found insurance that sense, old-fashioned American judgment that they were actually able to purchase, the quar- it was the right thing to do, the disciplined terly payment was $1,800. That’s $7,200 a thing to do, the sort of thing your mother year for a family policy. would be proud of you if you did. [Laughter] And still, after they paid all that money I say that because I want to focus on what their worries weren’t over. She and her hus- your mother would tell you to do in health band moved from New York to Rhode Island, care, not just for emotional reasons but be- and she had a baby. After the baby was born, cause every day, those of us who are charged with the responsibility of working here are she learned the insurance company had supposed to get up and do what my mother dropped their coverage when they moved 6 told me to do, which is to do your job. And months into her pregnancy. And to renew my mother used to tell me all the time, ‘‘Bill, her insurance would have cost $2,000 more you give a good speech, but you still have a quarter, an extra $8,000 a year for maternity to do something—[laughter]—in the end you coverage. That was more than it would cost still have to do something.’’ to have the baby. There’s so much talk and genuine concern Now, it’s seems to me that common sense in this country about the American family. tells you that if we can make it possible for We’re here paying tribute to it. Sunday we’ll self-employed people, like this fine woman pay enormous tribute to it. And I think all and her husband, and small business people of us would admit, whether we’re Democrats to afford to take care of themselves and their or Republicans or independents and what- families and to stop passing on their costs ever our political philosophies are, that if the to the rest of us, and we can organize it so families of this country weren’t in so much they can buy insurance on the same terms trouble, we’d have about half as many prob- that those of us who work for government lems as we’ve got. I think we all know that. or big business can, that we ought to do that. But what I want to ask you is what my mother And it seems to me that their mothers would would ask me, ‘‘Well, so what are you going tell them they ought to pay a little for it and to do about it?’’ And how can we be so con- assume their responsibility, too. cerned with the stability of the family as an We have got to try to reform this system institution, and still walk away from those sto- to try to help people stay healthy and take ries that Hillary talked to you about? I mean, care of them when they’re sick. In any given we’ve heard so many of these stories, we can’t year, about a third of all American women keep up with them all now. We literally can- fail to get basic preventive services, like clini- not keep up with them all. cal breast exams, Pap smears, complete Millions of women in this country have no physicals. More than half of all American health insurance. Many more have insurance women over the age of 50 fail to receive a

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mammogram, often because of problems those screenings and tests and check-ups to with their insurance. keep people well, not just spend a fortune In medical research, women have been on on them when they really get in trouble. the sidelines too long, too little research into We’ve got to preserve the right to choose the causes and cure of breast cancer and doctors that women normally make the osteoporosis. Heart disease is the number choice of. And our older women need to be one killer of women, but until recently, all able to rely on Medicare. of the search for a cure was centered only We can do these things. We can fix what’s on men. The simple fact is that we’ve paid wrong with our system and not mess up too little attention to the unique problems what’s right. But in order to do it, it’s going of women. to take the same discipline that was required I met with a lot of mothers this week to deal with the problems of the economy; whose children either have or have already the same courage that was required to take died of AIDS, and there are an enormous that vote yesterday on assault weapons; and number of women who now have the HIV same memory that that is, after all, what we virus and who have passed it along to their were raised by our mothers to do. And on children, or some have it and some don’t. Mother’s Day, I hope that we will all resolve And we don’t know whether or not there are that, by Mother’s Day next year, the women different potential resolutions of this for who cared for us will have a health care sys- women than for men. tem that cares for them. We’re trying to change all that in this ad- Thank you very much. ministration. For one thing, I’ve put only women in charge of the health care struggle. Donna Shalala is Secretary of Health and NOTE: The President spoke at 11:52 a.m. on the South Lawn at the White House. In his remarks, Human Services. America became the first he referred to Barbara Bailey, mother of Rep- nation in the world to establish a senior Gov- resentative Barbara B. Kennelly, and Luisa ernment position to oversee women’s health DeLauro, mother of Representative Rosa L. issues. I put a woman and a mother in charge DeLauro. A tape was not available for verification of health care reform, and you can see she’s of the content of these remarks. done a pretty good job, and we’re all still pretty healthy. We created an office of research on wom- Exchange With Reporters Prior to en’s health at the National Institutes of Discussions With Prime Minister Health, and increased funding for breast can- cer research, for a national action plan on Mahathir bin Mohamad of Malaysia breast cancer, for research into other prob- May 6, 1994 lems that affect women. We removed bar- riers that stood in the way of finding cures Jones Lawsuit to Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. We passed the family and medical leave law, a Q. Mr. President, do you have any com- profamily bill if I ever saw it. You ought to ment on the lawsuit filed against you today? read the letters that we get on that. The President. Well, I thought Mr. Ben- But if we really want to do right by the nett did a fine job. I don’t have anything to American family, and if we really want to add to what he said. honor our mothers, if we want the emotional Q. Are you going to argue that all the satisfaction of seeing a lot of that pain taken charges are false? away and the personal satisfaction of thinking The President. I don’t have anything to we have done what our mothers would have add to what Mr. Bennett said. I’m going back told us to, which is to face up to our respon- to work. sibilities and do the right thing, then we’ve Q. Do you categorically deny the charges? got to find a way to provide health care to The President. Bob Bennett spoke for all Americans, to guarantee comprehensive me, and I’m going back to work. I’m not benefits, including preventive care, including going to dignify this by commenting on it.

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Haiti I’m also very grateful for the security part- Q. Can you tell us whether you’re thinking nership we have had and for the contribu- of changing your Haiti policy regarding the tions that have been made by Malaysia to return of the refugees given the escalation the operation in Bosnia, to the operation in of violence? Somalia, and to being a responsible leader The President. We’ve had our Haiti policy in world affairs. under review, as you know, for the last 3 or So we’ve got a lot to talk about and I’m 4 weeks. And we had a meeting about it looking forward to it. today. We’re going to meet again tomorrow. And I think we may have some announce- NOTE: The exchange began at 2:55 p.m. in the Oval Office at the White House. In his remarks, ments to make after that. the President referred to former Arkansas State Q. About changing the policy on the refu- employee Paula Jones and attorney Robert Ben- gees, sir? nett. A tape was not available for verification of Q. Have you tasked the Defense Depart- the content of this exchange. ment to do some military options just in case these sanctions cut today don’t work? The President. I don’t want to discuss Proclamation 6683—Mother’s Day, that. As I have said, I do not favor that option. 1994 I just don’t think we can rule it out. I think May 5, 1994 it would be irresponsible to rule it out. Q. You do not favor that option? By the President of the United States The President. Well, I’ve never favored— of America you know what I favor. What I’ve been trying to do is to get Governors Island followed. A Proclamation I’m trying—I think the people down there With the signing of the first Mother’s Day ought to keep their word. But we certainly Proclamation 80 years ago, President Wood- can’t afford to rule it out. row Wilson set aside the second Sunday in Q. Do you think you might have an- May as a special time to pay tribute to Ameri- nouncements regarding the refugee policy, ca’s mothers. This year I join with Americans was that what you were referring to? across this great land on May 8, 1994, to The President. I don’t have—I’ll make an honor our mothers with the appreciation and announcement when I have something to say affection they so richly deserve. about Haiti policy. But I don’t have anything Indisputably, the role of mothers has else to say. changed greatly in the last half-century. They Q. Are you referring to the refugee policy? are bread makers and breadwinners, heads The President. I have nothing else to say of households and heads of state, caretakers about it. of elderly parents and of newborn infants. [At this point, one group of reporters left the They are also volunteers in our communities, room and another group entered.] schools, and religious organizations. Mothers find time to inspire and challenge their chil- Prime Minister Mahathir dren to dream big dreams and to do good Q. Mr. President, you missed Dr. deeds. They provide encouragement to their Mahathir in Seattle. Now that you have met children to reach for the stars and to strive him personally, how do you feel about it? for excellence. When our mothers succeed, The President. Well, we haven’t had a our children succeed. When children suc- chance to visit yet, but I have been looking ceed, our Nation’s future is assured. forward to this for a long time. I admire his Mothers are not only our life-givers, but leadership very much, and I admire the in- they are also our nurturers who sustain us credible accomplishments of his nation with deep and unconditional love. In a world under his leadership over the last several of constant change, they establish a reliable years. And I look forward to establishing a foundation of unchanging values. By instill- good relationship with him and continuing ing strong moral principles and showing con- our partnership. cern for social improvement and well-being,

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mothers have used their talents, ideals, and regarding efforts to resolve issues relating to energies to shape our families, communities, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Nation. For their abiding devotion, love, and Cyprus. The President expressed his patience, and loyalty, mothers, whether bio- hope that the differences between Greece logical, foster, or adoptive, hold an enduring and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Mac- place in our hearts. They are anchors of their edonia could be resolved quickly. The Presi- American families—our Nation’s most im- dent underscored the importance of the U.N. portant source of strength. My own mother’s negotiating process led by Cyrus Vance and courage and determination profoundly influ- supported by U.S. Special Envoy Matthew enced me in so many ways, and she will al- Nimetz. The President and Prime Minister ways remain a guiding force throughout my Papandreou agreed that the issue ought to life. be resolved promptly. President Clinton also Mother’s Day gives us time to pause and expressed his support for the U.N.-sponsored reflect on the manner in which mothers con- confidence building measures in Cyprus tribute to their families and the Nation which he said were the best hope of making through their hard work, dedication, and progress on issues important to all the par- daily sacrifices. We can best observe Moth- ties. er’s Day by expressing our thanks and our gratitude for the blessings and bounties that motherhood holds. Now, Therefore, I, William J. Clinton, President of the United States of America, Digest of Other do hereby proclaim Sunday, May 8, 1994, as White House Announcements ‘‘Mother’s Day.’’ I urge all Americans to ex- press their love and respect for their mothers The following list includes the President’s public and to consider how much they have contrib- schedule and other items of general interest an- uted to the well-being of our country. I call nounced by the Office of the Press Secretary and upon all citizens to observe this day with ap- not included elsewhere in this issue. propriate programs, ceremonies, and activi- ties. May 2 In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this fifth day of May, in the year In the evening, the President met with of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety- congressional leaders to discuss the assault four, and of the Independence of the United weapons ban. States of America the two hundred and eight- May 3 eenth. In the morning, the President traveled to William J. Clinton Atlanta, GA. In the afternoon, he was given a tour of the CNN International Studio. He [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, returned to Washington, DC, in the evening. 11:21 a.m., May 6, 1994] The President announced his intention to NOTE: This proclamation was released by the Of- nominate Gus A. Owen as a member of the fice of the Press Secretary on May 6, and it was Interstate Commerce Commission, and Rob- published in the Federal Register on May 9. ert J. Huggett as the Assistant Administrator for Research and Development at the Envi- Statement by the Press Secretary on ronmental Protection Agency. the President’s Telephone May 4 Conversation With Prime Minister In the evening, the President attended a Andreas Papandreou of Greece fundraiser for Gov. Ann Richards of Texas May 6, 1994 at the Washington Court Hotel. The President announced his intention to President Clinton spoke yesterday with nominate Nancy Gist to be Director of the Greek Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou Bureau of Justice Assistance.

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May 6 Nominations The President named Clyde A. Wheeler Submitted to the Senate as a member of the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation. The President announced his intent to The following list does not include promotions of nominate Eamon M. Kelly as a member of members of the Uniformed Services, nominations the National Security Education Board. to the Service Academies, or nominations of For- The President announced his intent to ap- eign Service officer. point Bruce Babbitt as Federal member and Vincent D’Anna as alternate Federal mem- Submitted May 3 ber of the Delaware River Basin Commis- sion. Brady Anderson, The President announced his intent to ap- of Arkansas, to be Ambassador Extraordinary point Ralph G. Hoard as a member of the and Plenipotentiary of the United States of International Pacific Halibut Commission. America to the United Republic of Tanzania. The President announced his intent to ap- point Bruce Babbitt as Federal member and Dorothy Myers Sampas, Kenneth J. Cole as alternate Federal mem- of Maryland, a career member of the Senior ber of the Susquehanna River Basin Com- Foreign Service, class of Minister-Counselor, mission. to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni- The President announced his intent to ap- potentiary of the United States of America point Janet Lippe Norwood as chair and to the Islamic Republic of Mauritania. Leon Lynch as member of the Advisory Council on Unemployment Compensation. Nancy E. Gist, of Massachusetts, to be Director of the Bu- The President announced his intention to reau of Justice Assistance (new position). appoint the following members of the Advi- sory Committee on Trade Policy and Nego- Sally A. Shelton, tiations: of Texas, to be an Assistant Administrator of —Roger J. Baccigaluppi; the Agency for International Development, —Curtis H. Barnette; vice Richard E. Bissell, resigned. —John Bryson; —James Camerlo; Lee Ann Elliott, —Maurice R. Greenberg; of Virginia, to be a member of the Federal —Donald G. Fisher; Election Commission for a term expiring —Dr. W. David Leak; April 30, 1999 (reappointment). —Walter Y. Elisha; —Fred Krupp; Danny Lee McDonald, —Charles P. Lazarus; of Oklahoma, to be a member of the Federal —Jerome Siegel; Election Commission for a term expiring —Rudolph A. Oswald; April 30, 1999 (reappointment). —Vilma Martinez; Submitted May 5 —Lenore Miller; —J. McDonald Williams; and Nelba R. Chavez, —Andrew Young. of Arizona, to be Administrator of the Sub- The President announced his intent to ap- stance Abuse and Mental Health Services point John Richardson as a member of the Administration, Department of Health and Committee for the Preservation of the White Human Services, vice Frederick K. Goodwin, House. resigned.

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Eamon M. Kelly, Fact sheet on U.S. counterintelligence effec- of Louisiana, to be a member of the National tiveness Security Education Board for a term of 4 years, vice S. William Pattis. Released May 4 H. Lee Sarokin, Statement by Press Secretary Dee Dee of New Jersey, to be U.S. Circuit Judge for Myers on a letter from the Law Enforcement the Third Circuit (new position). Steering Committee to the President endors- ing the assault weapons ban William F. Downes, of Wyoming, to be U.S. District Judge for Transcript of a press briefing by Education the District of Wyoming (new position). Secretary Richard Riley and Labor Secretary Robert Reich on the School-to-Work Oppor- Lewis A. Kaplan, tunities Act of New York, to be U.S. District Judge for the Southern District of New York, vice Ge- Released May 5 rard L. Goettel, retired. Transcript of a press briefing by Deputy Blanche M. Manning, White House Councel Joel Klein on the sub- of Illinois, to be U.S. District Judge for the poena for documents relating to the Inde- Northern District of Illinois, vice Milton I. pendent Counsel’s inquiry into Vince Fos- Shadur, retired. ter’s death Submitted May 6 Transcript of a press briefing by National Se- curity Advisor Tony Lake and Director for Linda Marie Hooks, Strategic Plans and Policy General Wesley of Georgia, to be an Assistant Secretary of Clark on reforming multilateral peacekeep- Veterans Affairs (Acquisition and Facilities), ing operations vice David E. Lewis, resigned. Fact sheet on the trade, aid, and investment package for South Africa

Released May 6 Checklist of White House Press Releases Transcript of a press briefing by Press Sec- retary Dee Dee Myers

The following list contains releases of the Office Transcript of a press briefing by Labor Sec- of the Press Secretary that are neither printed as retary Robert Reich and Council of Eco- items nor covered by entries in the Digest of nomic Advisers Chair Laura D’Andrea Tyson Other White House Announcements. on the national economy Statement by Press Secretary Dee Dee Released May 2 Myers announcing the 44 person delegation Statement by Director of Communications to South Africa representing the United Mark Gearan on the General Accounting Of- States at the inauguration of the new South fice Report on the White House Travel Of- African President on May 10 fice Operations Announcement of Federal Facilities Policy Transcript of a press briefing by Press Sec- Group mission statement on developing a retary Dee Dee Myers strategy for waste clean-up Statement by Special Counsel to the Presi- Released May 3 dent Lloyd Cutler announcing the receipt of Statement by Press Secretary Dee Dee a subpoena for documents related to the Myers on U.S. counterintelligence effective- Independent Counsel’s inquiry into the ness death of Vincent Foster

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Acts Approved H.R. 3693 / Public Law 103–241 by the President To designate the United States courthouse under construction in Denver, Colorado, as the ‘‘Byron White United States Courthouse’’ Approved April 30 S. 375 / Public Law 103–242 H.R. 2333 / Public Law 103–236 Rio Grande Designation Act of 1994 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 S. 1574 / Public Law 103–243 To authorize appropriations for the Coastal H.R. 4066 / Public Law 103–237 Heritage Trail Route in the State of New Jer- To suspend temporarily the duty on the per- sey, and for other purposes sonal effects of participants in, and certain other individuals associated with, the 1994 S.J. Res. 143 / Public Law 103–244 World Cup Soccer Games, the 1994 World Providing for the appointment of Frank An- Rowing Championships, the 1995 Special derson Shrontz as a citizen regent of the Olympics World Games, the 1996 Summer Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institu- Olympics, and the 1996 Paralympics tion S. 1636 / Public Law 103–238 S.J. Res. 144 / Public Law 103–245 Marine Mammal Protection Act Amend- Providing for the appointment of Manuel ments of 1994 Luis Ibanez as a citizen regent of the Board Approved May 4 of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution H.R. 2884 / Public Law 103–239 S.J. Res. 150 / Public Law 103–246 School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1994 To designate the week of May 2 through May 8, 1994, as ‘‘Public Service Recognition H.R. 821 / Public Law 103–240 Week’’ To amend title 38, United States Code, to extend eligibility for burial in national ceme- Approved May 6 teries to persons who have 20 years of service creditable for retired pay as members of a S. 2005 / Public Law 103–247 reserve component of the Armed Forces and To make certain technical corrections, and to their dependents for other purposes

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