Trafficking in Persons I
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
The JULY - SEPTEMBERPHILPHILPHIL 2004 VOL. 6, ISSUE NO. 21 AAA JJJUDICIALUDICIAL JJOURNALOURNAL Trafficking in Persons i The PHILPHILPHIL AAA JULY-SEPTEMBER 2004 VOL. 6, ISSUE NO. 21JJUDICIAL OURNAL TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS I. SPEECHES II. TRAFFICKING IN THE PHILIPPINES III. HUMAN RIGHTS AND TRAFFICKING IV. TRAFFICKING LAWS AND THE COURTS V. SEX TRAFFICKING VICTIMS VI. GOOD PRACTICES VII. REFERENCES iv The PHILJA Judicial Journal. The PHILJA Judicial Journal is published four times a year, every quarter, January through December, by the Research, Publications and Linkages Office of the Philippine Judicial Academy (PHILJA). The Journal contains articles and contributions of interest to members of the Judiciary, particularly judges, as well as law students and practitioners. The views expressed by the contributors do not necessarily reflect the views of either the Academy or its editorial board. Editorial and general offices are located at PHILJA, 3rd Floor, Centennial Building, Supreme Court, Padre Faura St., Manila. Telefax No.: 552-9524 Email: [email protected] CONTRIBUTIONS. The PHILJA Judicial Journal invites the submission of unsolicited articles. Please include author’s name and biographical information. The editorial board reserves the right to edit articles submitted for publication. Copyright © 2004 by The PHILJA Judicial Journal. All rights reserved. For more information, please visit the PHILJA website at http://philja.supremecourt.gov.ph. v SUPREME COURT OF THE PHILIPPINES CHIEF JUSTICE Hon. HILARIO G. DAVIDE, Jr. ASSOCIATE JUSTICES Hon. REYNATO S. PUNO Hon. ARTEMIO V. PANGANIBAN Hon. LEONARDO A. QUISUMBING Hon. CONSUELO YNARES-SANTIAGO Hon. ANGELINA SANDOVAL-GUTIERREZ Hon. ANTONIO T. CARPIO Hon. MA. ALICIA AUSTRIA-MARTINEZ Hon. RENATO C. CORONA Hon. CONCHITA CARPIO MORALES Hon. ROMEO J. CALLEJO, Sr. Hon. ADOLFO S. AZCUNA Hon. DANTE O. TINGA Hon. MINITA V. CHICO-NAZARIO COURT ADMINISTRATOR Hon. PRESBITERO J. VELASCO, Jr. DEPUTY COURT ADMINISTRATORS Hon. ZENAIDA N. ELEPAÑO Hon. JOSE P. PEREZ Hon. CHRISTOPHER O. LOCK CLERK OF COURT Attorney LUZVIMINDA D. PUNO ASST. COURT ADMINISTRATORS Attorney ANTONIO H. DUJUA Attorney ISMAEL G. KHAN, Jr. ASST. CLERK OF COURT Attorney MA. LUISA D. VILLARAMA DIVISION CLERKS OF COURT Attorney ENRIQUETA ESGUERRA VIDAL Attorney LUDICHI Y. NUNAG Attorney JULIETA Y. CARREON vi PHILIPPINE JUDICIAL ACADEMY Board of Trustees Hon. HILARIO G. DAVIDE Jr. Chief Justice Chairman Hon. REYNATO S. PUNO Senior Associate Justice, Supreme Court Vice Chairman Members Hon. AMEURFINA A. MELENCIO HERRERA Hon. PRESBITERO J. VELASCO, Jr. Chancellor Court Administrator Hon. CANCIO C. GARCIA Hon. EDILBERTO G. SANDOVAL Presiding Justice, Court of Appeals Acting Presiding Justice, Sandiganbayan Hon. ROMEO F. BARZA Dean ANDRES D. BAUTISTA President, Philippine Judges Association President, Philippine Association of Law Schools Hon. RALPH S. LEE Executive Judge, Presiding Judge, MeTC Br. 38, Quezon City Executive Officials Hon. AMEURFINA A. MELENCIO HERRERA Hon. ANTONIO M. MARTINEZ Chancellor Vice Chancellor Hon. PRISCILA S. AGANA Executive Secretary Heads of Offices Hon. ANTONIO M. MARTINEZ Fr. RANHILIO C. AQUINO Administrative Office Academic Affairs Office Prof. SEDFREY M. CANDELARIA Hon. BERNARDO T. PONFERRADA Research, Publications and Linkages Office Judicial Reforms Office Academic Council Hon. AMEURFINA A. MELENCIO HERRERA Chair Dean PACIFICO A. AGABIN Hon. RICARDO C. PUNO Constitutional Law Civil Law Hon. OSCAR M. HERRERA, Sr. Hon. EDILBERTO G. SANDOVAL Remedial Law Criminal Law Hon. PRESBITERO J. VELASCO, Jr. Hon. HILARION L. AQUINO Court Management Ethics and Judicial Conduct Professor CESAR L. VILLANUEVA Dr. PURIFICACION V. QUISUMBING Commercial Law International and Human Rights Law Fr. RANHILIO C. AQUINO Professor MYRNA S. FELICIANO Jurisprudence and Legal Philosophy Legal Method and Research Professor SEDFREY M. CANDELARIA Atty. IVAN JOHN E. UY Special Areas of Concern Court Technology Judicial Reforms Groups Hon. AMEURFINA A. MELENCIO HERRERA Presiding Officer vii Justice Ameurfina A. Melencio Herrera Chancellor Professor Sedfrey M. Candelaria Editor-in-Chief Editorial Staff Copy Editing Melanie H. Perez Layout and Design Byrian Jay T. Isorena Editorial Assistance Queency S. Cortez Jocelyn D. Bondoc Circulation Armida M. Salazar Printing Services Edmundo M. Moredo VOLUME 6 ISSUE NO. 21 JULY–SEPTEMBER 2004 THE PHILJA JUDICIAL JOURNAL CONTENTS OFFICIALS OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE PHILIPPINES .............v OFFICIALS OF THE PHILIPPINE JUDICIAL ACADEMY .........................vi I. SPEECHES OPENING AND WELCOME REMARKS Justice Ameurfina A. Melencio Herrera (ret.)......................... 1 KEYNOTE ADDRESS Justice Ameurfina A. Melencio Herrera (ret.) ........................ 5 II. TRAFFICKING IN THE PHILIPPINES UNIFEM GENDER FACT SHEET NO. 2 TRAFFICKING IN W OMEN AND CHILDREN United Nations Fund for Women (UNIFEM) ............... 12 HUMAN T RAFFICKING IN THE PHILIPPINES: A SITUATIONER Ms. Cecilia T. Hofmann ............................................................... 24 PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS ON T RAFFICKING OF W OMEN IN THE PHILIPPINES Ms. Lucita S. Lazo ........................................................................ 36 III. HUMAN RIGHTS AND TRAFFICKING SEX T RAFFICKING AS A HUMAN RIGHTS V IOLATION Dr. Purificacion V. Quisumbing .............................................. 76 CONTENTS THE UNIVERSALITY OF THE RIGHT AGAINST T RAFFICKING AND THE PROBLEM OF ADOPTING “UNIVERSALIZING” STRATEGIES AS A RESPONSE Prof. Amparita S. Sta. Maria ...................................................... 91 IV. TRAFFICKING LAWS AND THE COURTS A CRITIQUE OF PHILIPPINE LAW S AND POLICY RELATED TO T RAFFICKING Atty. Carolina Ruiz-Austria ...................................................... 126 REVIEW OF CURRENT LEGAL REMEDIES RELATED TO SEX T RAFFICKING Comm. Myrna S. Feliciano ...................................................... 146 PARTICIPATION OF THE COURTS UNDER REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9208 Hon. Jaime N. Salazar .................................................................. 178 V. SEX TRAFFICKING VICTIMS PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAUMA OF SEX TRAFFICKING VICTIMS Dr. Ma. Rosanna E. de Guzman ............................................ 193 HANDLING OF V ICTIMS OF T RAFFICKING (PSYCHO-SOCIAL ASPECTS) Ms. Lourdes G. Balanon ............................................................ 222 CONTENTS VI. GOOD PRACTICES PHILIPPINE COUNTRY PAPER CURRENT PRACTICES LEADING TO GOOD PRACTICES: MEETING THE NEEDS WITH REGARD TO RECOVERY, REPATRIATION AND INTEGRATION IN COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN Hon. Ma. Merceditas N. Gutierrez ...................................... 233 VII. REFERENCES UNITED NATIONS PROTOCOL TO PREVENT, SUPPRESS AND PUNISH T RAFFICKING IN PERSONS, ESPECIALLY WOMEN AND CHILDREN, SUPPLEMENTING THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL CRIME ............................................................. 264 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9262 ANTI-VIOLENCE AGAINST W OMEN AND THEIR CHILDREN ACT OF 2004 .............................................. 280 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9208 ANTI-TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS ACT OF 2003 ..................... 308 RULES AND REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING REPUBLIC ACT. NO. 9208 .......................................................... 331 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8239 PHILIPPINE PASSPORT ACT OF 1996 ........................................... 383 RELEVANT STATUTES ON T RAFFICKING IN PERSONS ............... 402 CONTENTS I. SPEECHES OPENING AND WELCOME REMARKS Justice Ameurfina A. Melencio Herrera (ret.)......................... 1 KEYNOTE ADDRESS Justice Ameurfina A. Melencio Herrera (ret.) ........................ 5 II. II. TRAFFICKING IN THE PHILIPPINES UNIFEM GENDER FACT SHEET NO. 2 TRAFFICKING IN W OMEN AND CHILDREN United Nations Fund for Women (UNIFEM) ................ 12 HUMAN T RAFFICKING IN THE PHILIPPINES: A SITUATIONER Ms. Cecilia T. Hofmann I. GLOBAL CRISIS ...................................................................... 25 II. REGIONS/ COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN OF T RAFFICKING V ICTIMS .................................................. 25 III. DESTINATION: SEX INDUSTRY ......................................... 26 IV. OTHER T RAFFICKING PURPOSES .................................... 26 V. P HILIPPINE SITUATION OF T RAFFICKING ...................... 26 VI. TRAFFICKING WITHIN THE COUNTRY ........................... 27 VII. RECRUITERS’ RECRUITMENT PROCESS ......................... 28 VIII. INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL ARRANGEMENTS/ TRAFFICKING ROUTES/ DESTINATIONS ...................... 29 IX. WHAT RENDERS FILIPINAS VULNERABLE TO T RAFFICKING? .................................................................. 30 X. GENDER FACTORS ................................................................ 30 XI. WHY IS IT DIFFICULT FOR W OMEN TO GET OUT OF SITUATIONS OF TRAFFICKING AND PROSTITUTION? ............................... 32 CONTENTS XII. THE HARM TO W OMEN OF T RAFFICKING AND PROSTITUTION ............................................................ 33 XIII. THE HARM AND COST TO SOCIETY AND TO THE GOVERNMENT OF TRAFFICKING AND PROSTITUTION ................................ 33 XIV. INTERNATIONAL RESPONSES TO T RAFFICKING .......... 34 XV. PRESENT NATIONAL RESPONSES TO T RAFFICKING .... 35 PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS ON T RAFFICKING OF WOMEN IN THE PHILIPPINES Ms. Lucita S. Lazo EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................... 37 I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 38 II. FINDINGS ................................................................................