DOCSLIB.ORG

Pre Feasibility Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pre Feasibility Report PRE FEASIBILITY REPORT Pre-feasibility Report of Proposed Expansion of the existing Unit to produce MS Billets, MS TMT Bars, MS Structure and MS Wire Rod of M/s Galwalia Ispat Udyog Private Limited Table of Contents 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................. 3 1.1 Introduction............................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Synopsis of the Report.............................................................................................. 3 2 INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT/BACKGROUND INFORMATION....................... 4 2.1 Identification of the Project and Project Proponent........................................... 4 2.2 Brief Description of Nature of the Project.............................................................. 5 2.3 Need for the Project and Its Importance to the Country and or Region ......... 5 2.4 Employment Generation (Direct) Due to Project................................................ 6 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION......................................................................................... 7 3.1 Type of Project........................................................................................................ 7 3.2 Location................................................................................................................... 9 3.3 Details of Alternate Sites........................................................................................ 9 3.4 Size and Magnitude of operation........................................................................ 9 3.5 Project Description with Process Details.............................................................. 9 3.6 Availability of water its source, Energy/Power requirement and source ........ 16 4 SITE ANALYSIS........................................................................................................ 17 4.1 Connectivity............................................................................................................ 17 4.2 Land Form, Land use and Land ownership......................................................... 17 4.3 Existing Land Use pattern....................................................................................... 17 4.4 Topography............................................................................................................. 17 4.5 Soil Classification: .................................................................................................... 18 4.6 Existing Infrastructure.............................................................................................. 18 4.7 Social Infrastructure available.............................................................................. 18 5 PLANNING BRIEF.................................................................................................... 20 5.1 Planning concept (type of industries, facilities, transportation etc.) Town and Country, planning/ development authority classification................................ 20 5.2 Population Projection............................................................................................. 20 5.3 Land use planning (breakup along with green belt etc.)................................ 20 5.4 Amenities/Facilities................................................................................................. 20 6 PROPOSED INFRASTRUCTURE................................................................................ 21 6.1 Industrial area (processing area).......................................................................... 21 6.2 Residential Area (non- Processing area)............................................................. 21 1 Pre-feasibility Report of Proposed Expansion of the existing Unit to produce MS Billets, MS TMT Bars, MS Structure and MS Wire Rod of M/s Galwalia Ispat Udyog Private Limited 6.3 Green Belt................................................................................................................ 21 6.4 Social Infrastructure................................................................................................ 21 6.5 Connectivity............................................................................................................ 21 6.6 Water Management (Source and Supply of Water)......................................... 21 6.7 Sewerage System................................................................................................... 22 6.8 Industrial Waste Management............................................................................. 22 6.9 Solid Waste Management..................................................................................... 22 6.10 Power Requirement & Supply/source.................................................................. 22 7 PROJECT SCHEDULE & COST ESTIMATES............................................................... 23 7.1 Total Project Cost.................................................................................................... 23 7. 2 Key Financial Project Cost......................................................................................... 23 8 ANALYSIS OF PROPOSAL (FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS).................................... 25 2 Pre-feasibility Report of Proposed Expansion of the existing Unit to produce MS Billets, MS TMT Bars, MS Structure and MS Wire Rod of M/s Galwalia Ispat Udyog Private Limited 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.1 Introduction M/s Galwalia Ispat Udyog Private Limited (GIUPL) is an existing industry and located at Narain Nagar Industrial Estate, Bazpur Road, Kashipur, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, involved for production of M S Billet, MS Structure, TMT Bars through Induction Furnace – CCM – Rolling Mill route for production of 2,37,600 MTPA Billet, 37,600 MTPA MS Structure & 2,00,000 MTPA MS TMT Bars product respectively using Sponge Iron, Iron Scrap, Ferro alloys for making MS billets as basic raw material & Ingots/Billets etc eventually utilized for making MS Structure, TMT Bars. M/s Galwalia Ispat Udyog Private Limited (GIUPL) is planning for capacity expansion by Installing Induction Furnaces 30 Tons (02 Nos.) & 20 Tons (02 Nos.) (One 15 Tons capacity per heat furnace will be replaced by 20 Tons per heat furnace and 1 nos new 20 Tons per heat furnace new install) & Continuous Casting Machine (CCM) and Wire Rod Rolling Mill & increasing the output (speed) of existing Rolling Mill to enhance the annual production capacity from existing MS Billet 2,37,600 (15 MT per heat 4 nos.) MTPA to 5,74,200 MTPA, TMT Bars 2,00,000 MTPA to 4,20,000 MTPA, MS Structure 37,600 MTPA to 1,80,000 MTPA and MS Wire Rod 4,20,000 MTPA. Details is summarized in table below: Product Section Existing Proposed Total Capacity Name Capacity Capacity (MTPA) (MTPA) (MTPA) Billet Melting 2,37,600 3,36,600 5,74,200 TMT Bars Rolling 2,00,000 2,20,000 4,20,000 MS Structure Rolling 37,600 1,42,400 1,80,000 Wire Rod Rolling - 4,20,000 4,20,000 Water for construction and domestic purpose will be drawn from bore well. Total electrical power requirement will increase additionally by about 28500 KVA to run the additional plant and machinery and after expansion the total power requirement will be around 70,000 KVA. The electrical power will be sourced from UPCL. Total land area available with the industrial unit is around 33.1 Acres. 1.2 Synopsis of the Report The pre-feasibility report includes a brief introduction of the company, need and justification of the project, process description, required and available resources, land-use and proposed infrastructure, project schedule, cost estimate for conducting the EIA studies. 3 Pre-feasibility Report of Proposed Expansion of the existing Unit to produce MS Billets, MS TMT Bars, MS Structure and MS Wire Rod of M/s Galwalia Ispat Udyog Private Limited 2 INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT/BACKGROUND INFORMATION 2.1 Identification of the Project and Project Proponent M/s Galwalia Ispat Udyog Private Limited (GIUPL) is located at Narain Nagar Industrial Estate, Bazpur Road, Kashipur, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. Due to huge demand of steel products, the proponent plans to enhance the production capacity of the plant and proposed the production capacity. The details of the project are given in Table below. Project Details S. No Parameters Description Project falls under Metallurgical Industries (Ferrous & 1 Identification of non-ferrous) project (secondary metallurgical processing) Item 3(a) of the schedule of EIA notification of Sept 14, 2006 & Amended on 24-12-2013 by MoEF&CC. 2 Project Proponent M/s Galwalia Ispat Udyog Private Limited 3 Brief description of The proposed project is for the expansion of the Nature of the project. production capacity of MS Billet 2,37,600 MTPA to 5,74,200 MTPA, TMT Bars 2,00,000 MTPA to 4,20,000 MTPA, MS Structure 37,600 MTPA to 1,80,000 MTPA and MS Wire Rod 4,20,000 MTPA within existing premises only. 4 Salient Features of the Project 4.1 Proposed ~5,74,200 MTPA by using multiple induction production furnaces having aggregate melting capacity of capacity ~125 MT/heat ~4,20,000 MTPA of TMT Bars ~1,80,000 MTPA of MS Structure ~4,20,000 MTPA of Wire Rod 4.2 Total Plot Area Total plot area –33.1 Acres. 4.3 Location Narain Nagar Industrial Estate, Bazpur Road, Kashipur, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. Existing requirement is 170 KLPD and proposed requirement is 4.4 Water 465 KLPD, Total -635 KLPD including 14KLPD existing requirement
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Shankar Ias Academy Test 18 - Geography - Full Test - Answer Key
    SHANKAR IAS ACADEMY TEST 18 - GEOGRAPHY - FULL TEST - ANSWER KEY 1. Ans (a) Explanation: Soil found in Tropical deciduous forest rich in nutrients. 2. Ans (b) Explanation: Sea breeze is caused due to the heating of land and it occurs in the day time 3. Ans (c) Explanation: • Days are hot, and during the hot season, noon temperatures of over 100°F. are quite frequent. When night falls the clear sky which promotes intense heating during the day also causes rapid radiation in the night. Temperatures drop to well below 50°F. and night frosts are not uncommon at this time of the year. This extreme diurnal range of temperature is another characteristic feature of the Sudan type of climate. • The savanna, particularly in Africa, is the home of wild animals. It is known as the ‘big game country. • The leaf and grass-eating animals include the zebra, antelope, giraffe, deer, gazelle, elephant and okapi. • Many are well camouflaged species and their presence amongst the tall greenish-brown grass cannot be easily detected. The giraffe with such a long neck can locate its enemies a great distance away, while the elephant is so huge and strong that few animals will venture to come near it. It is well equipped will tusks and trunk for defence. • The carnivorous animals like the lion, tiger, leopard, hyaena, panther, jaguar, jackal, lynx and puma have powerful jaws and teeth for attacking other animals. 4. Ans (b) Explanation: Rivers of Tamilnadu • The Thamirabarani River (Porunai) is a perennial river that originates from the famous Agastyarkoodam peak of Pothigai hills of the Western Ghats, above Papanasam in the Ambasamudram taluk.
    [Show full text]
  • National Ganga River Basin Authority (Ngrba)
    NATIONAL GANGA RIVER BASIN AUTHORITY (NGRBA) Public Disclosure Authorized (Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India) Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) Public Disclosure Authorized Volume I - Environmental and Social Analysis March 2011 Prepared by Public Disclosure Authorized The Energy and Resources Institute New Delhi i Table of Contents Executive Summary List of Tables ............................................................................................................... iv Chapter 1 National Ganga River Basin Project ....................................................... 6 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 6 1.2 Ganga Clean up Initiatives ........................................................................... 6 1.3 The Ganga River Basin Project.................................................................... 7 1.4 Project Components ..................................................................................... 8 1.4.1.1 Objective ...................................................................................................... 8 1.4.1.2 Sub Component A: NGRBA Operationalization & Program Management 9 1.4.1.3 Sub component B: Technical Assistance for ULB Service Provider .......... 9 1.4.1.4 Sub-component C: Technical Assistance for Environmental Regulator ... 10 1.4.2.1 Objective ...................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Himalayan Aromatic Medicinal Plants: a Review of Their Ethnopharmacology, Volatile Phytochemistry, and Biological Activities
    medicines Review Himalayan Aromatic Medicinal Plants: A Review of their Ethnopharmacology, Volatile Phytochemistry, and Biological Activities Rakesh K. Joshi 1, Prabodh Satyal 2 and Wiliam N. Setzer 2,* 1 Department of Education, Government of Uttrakhand, Nainital 263001, India; [email protected] 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-256-824-6519; Fax: +1-256-824-6349 Academic Editor: Lutfun Nahar Received: 24 December 2015; Accepted: 3 February 2016; Published: 19 February 2016 Abstract: Aromatic plants have played key roles in the lives of tribal peoples living in the Himalaya by providing products for both food and medicine. This review presents a summary of aromatic medicinal plants from the Indian Himalaya, Nepal, and Bhutan, focusing on plant species for which volatile compositions have been described. The review summarizes 116 aromatic plant species distributed over 26 families. Keywords: Jammu and Kashmir; Himachal Pradesh; Uttarakhand; Nepal; Sikkim; Bhutan; essential oils 1. Introduction The Himalya Center of Plant Diversity [1] is a narrow band of biodiversity lying on the southern margin of the Himalayas, the world’s highest mountain range with elevations exceeding 8000 m. The plant diversity of this region is defined by the monsoonal rains, up to 10,000 mm rainfall, concentrated in the summer, altitudinal zonation, consisting of tropical lowland rainforests, 100–1200 m asl, up to alpine meadows, 4800–5500 m asl. Hara and co-workers have estimated there to be around 6000 species of higher plants in Nepal, including 303 species endemic to Nepal and 1957 species restricted to the Himalayan range [2–4].
    [Show full text]
  • 47229-001: Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project
    Social Monitoring Report Project Number: 47229-001 November 2015 Period: January 2015 – June 2015 IND: Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project (UEAP) Submitted by Project implementation Unit –Tourism (Garhwal), UEAP, Dehradun This report has been submitted to ADB by the Project implementation Unit –Tourism (Garhwal), UEAP, Dehradun and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s public communications policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB. This social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project (UEAP) – Tourism (ADB Loan No: 3055-IND) SEMI ANNUAL SOCIAL MONITORING REPORT (Period January- June, 2015) 1 Contents 1. Project Fact Sheet ..................................................................................................... 1 2. Sub-Project Summary .............................................................................................. 2- 3. Land Acquisition and Involuntry Resettlement ........................................................ 8 4. Indigenous Peoples and Scheduled Tribes............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Drinking Water Resources in Difficult Topography of Hilly State Uttarakhand, India
    American Journal of Water Resources, 2016, Vol. 4, No.1, 16-21 Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajwr/4/1/2 © Science and Education Publishing DOI:10.12691/ajwr-4-1-2 Sustainable Drinking Water Resources in Difficult Topography of Hilly State Uttarakhand, India Bhavtosh Sharma* Uttarakhand Science Education and Research Centre (USERC), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Uttarakhand state is blessed with major water resources including large reverine system with its tributaries. In spite of the plethora of water resources, the people of the state are facing the problem of safe fresh water due to slope factor, management issues, urban conglomeration, deforestation and other environmental factors as discussed in the article. Besides this, an integrated approach considering the national water policy in state context is urgently required in difficult topographic and changing climatic conditions. The present article highlights the hydrogeology of the state, sustainable water resources including traditional water resources, drinking water supply system in state, Uttaranchal Koop, bank filtration technology. Furthermore, various suggestions are also incorporated for the fortification of water resources of the state. Keywords: Drinking Water Resources, Topography, Himalayan state, Uttarakhand, India, Sustainability, Climate Change Cite This Article: Bhavtosh Sharma, “Sustainable Drinking Water Resources in Difficult Topography of Hilly State Uttarakhand, India.” American Journal of Water Resources, vol. 4, no. 1 (2016): 16-21. doi: 10.12691/ajwr-4-1-2. very essential for the survival of living beings, is also in critical stage due to unplanned industrialization, 1. Introduction urbanization and lack of awareness among most of the people.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of Geographical Factors on Culture and Cultural Landscapes
    International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Online ISSN: 2349-4182, Print ISSN: 2349-5979, Impact Factor: RJIF 5.72 www.allsubjectjournal.com Volume 4; Issue 7; July 2017; Page No. 176-182 Impact of geographical factors on culture and cultural landscapes: An analytical study of Garhwal region 1 2 Mohan Singh Panwar, Renu 1 Associate professor, Department of Geography, H. N.B. Garhwal University Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India 2 Research Scholar, Department of Geography, H. N.B. Garhwal University Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India Abstract Human is a social animal. He lives in a society where he learns how to speak, eat and live. Every part of the earth surface is different from others which tends human group to accept such life style, food, customs and behavior that is different from others. Therefore, cultural diversity and unique cultural landscape emerge on the surface. The current research paper highlights how does Geographical factors such as landforms (mountain, plain, and deserts coastal region), climates, and natural vegetation affect the different cultures and cultural landscapes of Garhwal region. Due to the influence of geographical factors culture and cultural landscape of Garhwal region can be distinguishable from surrounding regions. An attempt has been made by the researcher that how following factors exclusively shapes cultural variations, landscapes, human actions and dynamic factors of cultural development. Geographical factors contributes drastically to cultural diversity and Cultural components. Following physical factors directly influenced to shape the culture and the cultural landscape as well. Keywords: cultural diversity, cultural landscape, physical landscape, culture 1. Introduction cuisine, social habits, music and arts.
    [Show full text]
  • RIVER DHELA Kashipur, Distt
    Action Plan for Rejuvenation of RIVER DHELA Kashipur, Distt. Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand (River Stretch: Kashipur to Garhuwala, Thakurdwara) Priority - I Approved by Uttarakhand River Rejuvenation Committee (Constituted in compliance of order of the Hon’ble National Green Tribunal) Submitted to Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi July, 2019 Action Plan for Rejuvenation of River Dhela (Kashipur to Garhuwala, Thakurdwara, Kashipur (US Nagar) Action Plan: 2 Action Plan for Rejuvenation of River Dhela Kashipur, Distt. Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand (River Stretch: Kashipur to Garhuwala Thakurdwara) Priority - I Approved by Uttarakhand River Rejuvenation Committee (Constituted in compliance of order of the Hon’ble National Green Tribunal) Submitted to Central Pollution Control Board, Delhi July, 2019 Page 1 of 24 Action Plan for Rejuvenation of River Dhela (Kashipur to Garhuwala, Thakurdwara, Kashipur (US Nagar) INDEX S.N. Topic Page No. Executive Summary 3 1. Introduction 4 2. Water Quality Goals 8 3. Water quality characteristics of river Dhela 8 4. Identification of Sources of Pollution 10 5. Gap Analysis 12 5.1 Sewage Management 12 5.2 Industrial Effluent Management 13 5.3 Industrial Hazardous Waste Management 15 5.4 Solid Waste Management 15 5.5 Bio-medical Waste 16 5.6 Groundwater quality Monitoring 17 6. River Rejuvenation Plan 17 (i) Interception and Diversion of drains and 17 construction of STPs (ii) Establishment of Solid Waste Processing and 18 Disposal Facility (iii) Flood Plain Zone 19 (iv) Environmental Flow and Groundwater recharge 19 measures (v) Greenery Development 19 (vi) Utilization of Treated Sewage 20 (vii) Monitoring of Action Plan 20 7. Action Plan 21 Page 2 of 24 Action Plan for Rejuvenation of River Dhela (Kashipur to Garhuwala, Thakurdwara, Kashipur (US Nagar) Executive Summary River Dhela is a non-perennial river originating from the Ramnagar forest area of district Nainital.
    [Show full text]
  • Features of Indo – Gangetic – Brahmaputra Plain
    Features of Indo – Gangetic – Brahmaputra Plain • Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra Plain is the largest alluvial tract of the world. • It stretches for about 3,200 km from the mouth of the Indus to the mouth of the Ganga. Indian sector of the plain accounts for 2,400 km. • The northern boundary is well marked by the Shiwaliks and the southern boundary is a wavy irregular line along the northern edge of the Peninsular India. • The western boarder is marked by Sulaiman and Kirthar ranges. On the eastern side, the plains are bordered by Purvanchal hills. • The thickness of the alluvium deposits also vary from place to place. The maximum depth of the alluvium up to the basement rocks is about 6,100 m The Bhabar • It is a narrow, porous, northern most stretch of Indo-Gangetic plain. • It is about 8-16 km wide running in east-west direction along the foothills (alluvial fans) of the Shiwaliks. • They show a remarkable continuity from the Indus to the Tista. • Rivers descending from the Himalayas deposit their load along the foothills in the form of alluvial fans. • The porosity of bhabar is the most unique feature. • The porosity is due to deposition of huge number of pebbles and rock debris across the alluvial fans. • Marked by dry river courses except in the rainy season. • comparatively narrow in the east and extensive in the western and north-western hilly region. • The area is not suitable for agriculture and only big trees with large roots thrive in this belt. The Terai • Terai is an ill-drained, damp (marshy) and thickly forested narrow tract to the south of Bhabar running parallel to it.
    [Show full text]
  • Basin Characteristics, River Morphology, and Process in the Chure-Terai Landscape: a Case Study of the Bakraha River, East Nepal
    The Geographical Journal of Nepal Vol. 13: 107-142, 2020 Doi: http://doi.org/10.3126/gjn.v13i0.28155 Central Department of Geography, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal Basin characteristics, river morphology, and process in the Chure-Terai landscape: A case study of the Bakraha river, East Nepal Motilal Ghimire Central Department of Geography, Tribhuvan University Email: [email protected] Received: 20 December 2019; Accepted: 15 January 2020; Published: March 2020 Abstract The study aims to illustrate the basin characteristics, river morphology and river processes in the Chure- terai Landscape. The basin and morphological variables used in the study were derived from the satellite imageries available on Google earth, digital elevation models, and relevant maps. The cross-section survey and hydrometric data, incorporated in the study were obtained from the secondary sources, reports, and documents. The Bakraha River basin is underlain by the rocks of the Siwalik group in the south. The rocks are highly deformed and fractured and have the steep and variable slope and are subject to strong seismic shaking. The network of drainage is dense, with the predominance of colluvial streams that receive sediments from slope failure and erosion. The steep profile of the river demonstrates the ability to transport a huge sediment load during a high flood. The climatic regime and daily annual extreme rainfall between 100-300mm can initiate shallow landslides to large and deep-seated landslides. Landslides very large, small to shallow types are quite numerous, which indicates terrain highly susceptible to slope failure and erosion. The forest cover is above 84% but largely has been degraded and interspersed by agricultural patches and settlements with population dependent on agriculture and livestock.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Physiography of the Lower Ganges and Lower Mississippi Valleys
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1955 Comparative Physiography of the Lower Ganges and Lower Mississippi Valleys. S. Ali ibne hamid Rizvi Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Rizvi, S. Ali ibne hamid, "Comparative Physiography of the Lower Ganges and Lower Mississippi Valleys." (1955). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 109. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/109 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COMPARATIVE PHYSIOGRAPHY OF THE LOWER GANGES AND LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEYS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Geography ^ by 9. Ali IJt**Hr Rizvi B*. A., Muslim University, l9Mf M. A*, Muslim University, 191*6 M. A., Muslim University, 191*6 May, 1955 EXAMINATION AND THESIS REPORT Candidate: ^ A li X. H. R iz v i Major Field: G eography Title of Thesis: Comparison Between Lower Mississippi and Lower Ganges* Brahmaputra Valleys Approved: Major Prj for And Chairman Dean of Gri ualc School EXAMINING COMMITTEE: 2m ----------- - m t o R ^ / q Date of Examination: ACKNOWLEDGMENT The author wishes to tender his sincere gratitude to Dr. Richard J. Russell for his direction and supervision of the work at every stage; to Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Punjab Board Class 9 Social Science Textbook Part 1 English
    SOCIAL SCIENCE-IX PART-I PUNJAB SCHOOL EDUCATION BOARD Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar © Punjab Government First Edition : 2018............................ 38406 Copies All rights, including those of translation, reproduction and annotation etc., are reserved by the Punjab Government. Editor & Co-ordinator Geography : Sh. Raminderjit Singh Wasu, Deputy Director (Open School), Punjab School Education Board. Economics : Smt. Amarjit Kaur Dalam, Deputy Director (Academic), Punjab School Education Board. WARNING 1. The Agency-holders shall not add any extra binding with a view to charge extra money for the binding. (Ref. Cl. No. 7 of agreement with Agency-holders). 2. Printing, Publishing, Stocking, Holding or Selling etc., of spurious Text- book qua text-books printed and published by the Punjab School Education Board is a cognizable offence under Indian Penal Code. Price : ` 106.00/- Published by : Secretary, Punjab School Education Board, Vidya Bhawan Phase-VIII, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar-160062. & Printed by Tania Graphics, Sarabha Nagar, Jalandhar City (ii) FOREWORD Punjab School Education Board, has been engaged in the endeavour to prepare textbooks for all the classes at school level. The book in hand is one in the series and has been prepared for the students of class IX. Punjab Curriculum Framework (PCF) 2013 which is based on National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005, recommends that the child’s life at school must be linked to their life outside the school. The syllabi and textbook in hand is developed on the basis of the principle which makes a departure from the legacy of bookish learning to activity-based learning in the direction of child-centred system.
    [Show full text]
  • Physical Features of India Question 1: Choose the Right Answer from The
    Chapter 2 - Physical features of India Question 1: Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below. (i) A landmass bounded by sea on three sides is referred to as (a) Coast (b) Peninsula (c) Island (d) None of the above Answer: (b) Peninsula (ii) Mountain ranges in the eastern part of India forming its boundary with Myanmar are collectively called as (a) Himachal (b) Purvachal (c) Uttarakhand (d) None of the above Answer: (b) Purvachal (iii) The western coastal strip, south of Goa is referred to as (a) Coromandel (b) Kannad (c) Konkan (d) Northern Circar Answer: (b) Kannad (iv) The highest peak in the Eastern Ghats is (a) Anai Mudi (b) Mahendragiri (c) Kanchenjungaa (d) Khasi Answer: (a) Anai Mudi Question 2: Answer the following questions briefly: (i) What are tectonic plates? Due to internal heat of the earth, the currents of the semi-molten rocks begin to move towards the crust and tear it apart dividing it into large fragments called lithospheric or tectonic plates. There are seven such major plates namely, South America, North America, Pacific, Indo–Australian, Eurasian, African and Antarctic. (ii) Which continents of today were parts of the Gondwana land? Gondwana land is the name given to the hypothetical ‘super-continent’ located in Southern hemisphere. Gondwana Land included South America, part of Africa (south Africa including Madagascar), part of Asia (India, Arabia, Malaya), Australia and Antarctica, prior to its break- up under the forces causing continental-drift. (iii) What is bhabar? The ‘Bhabar’ is that narrow belt of the plain which is covered with pebbles and lies along the foothills of the Shiwaliks from the Indus to the Teesta.
    [Show full text]