Railroad Park Port As Well As Their Connection to Nature and the Larger World
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MANY CITIES HAVE A RIVER AS THEIR FUNCTIONAL RAILROAD PARK PORT AS WELL AS THEIR CONNECTION TO NATURE AND THE LARGER WORLD. TOM LEADER STUDIO BIRMINGHAM HAS THE RAILROAD. 2 3 RAILROAD PARK BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA 1015 CAMELIA STREET, 8 RAIL + COMMUNITY + NATURE TOM LEADER STUDIO CONTENTS BERKELEY, CA 94710 10 INTRODUCTION 510.524.3363 12 TRAINS www.tomleaderstudio.com 16 PLANNING 24 SITE DESIGN 32 THE PARK 36 TRAINFRONT PARK 44 TOPOGRAPHY 52 EAST GATE 62 MATERIAL 70 LIVING ROOM 4 5 RailRoad Park Aerial Image in Phase 2 6 7 RAIL + COMMUNITY + NATURE THESE WERE THE fundamental ELEMENTS IN THE birth OF A CITY. BIRMINGHAM’S STORY BEGINS IN THIS VERY PLACE WHERE RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE BEGETS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT. THE HISTORIC RAILROAD RESERVATION WAS CREATED TO BRING TOGETHER IRON ORE, LIMESTONE, AND COAL, THE CRITICAL ELEMENTS IN STEEL production, anD industry BECAME THE PRIMARY ORGANIZING element FOR THE EARLY CITY. 8 9 Steel Workers at Sloss Furnace. 1910 Sloss Furnace INTRODUCTION Originally a steel town, Birmingham grew around with lasting effects on its culture. Birmingham and suburban migration as well as the ability to in general. Important civic projects were typically much firmer footing and led to identifying the an extensive network of rail lines and two large experienced the same flight to the suburbs as organize and get significant things done. Much the result of strong “actors” such as former Mayor Railroad Park site as a key “civic living room” steel furnaces. The Sloss Furnace, Alyce Furnace, many other American cities in the late 60’s and has depended on the talent and enlightenment Richard Arrington who was able to accomplish the uniting the northern and southern halves of the and an 11 track rail corridor connecting them 70’s, which left many parts of the downtown of the “actors” at any given time. Until recently, Civil Rights Institute and Park within the downtown downtown. served the steel-making industry and provided the retail and office core vacant or underutilized. the City has lacked a strong body of policy or during the 80’s, a key step in coming to terms with “lifeblood” to sustain the early city. In the early These factors contributed to a sense there that “roadmap” particularly regarding sustainable Birmingham’s past. Recent planning direction 1960’s the city became a civil rights battleground there was much to overcome in terms of history landscape infrastructure or civic growth priorities under recent Director, Bill Gilchrist established a 10 11 Active Railways in the Park TRAINS Long lines of rail cars roll through town on this weekends, bridges over the rail corridor are lined “Rail Trail”. While Birmingham lacks a regional elevated platform at a slow speed creating a with residents spotting trains in the same way geographic element like a river or bay around 24 hour low rumbling ambience similar in their bird watchers pursue their hobby. which to orient, it does have the Rail. The new own way to the fluid energy of a river. Three to park embraces these trains and their historic four simultaneous trains will sometimes pass in A decision was made to avoid using trains and presence by instead creating a “Trainfront Park”. opposite directions and well as overtake each rail as a thematic “flavor”, but instead as a direct other, creating a large scale industrial ballet. On experience for park visitors via the newly created 12 13 As the city enlarged and diversified, business and residential activity moved further from the Railroad. Important nodes of government, finance, culture, education, and housing developed. DOWNTOWN BALL PARK UAB MEDICAL CENTER (UNDER CONSTRUCTION) INTERMODAL STATION WAREHOUSE DISTRICT DOWNTOWN FUTURE CULTURAL FURNACE AREA AL POWER Emerging from a decade’s worth of planning northern and southern halves of the city. The While undulating topography structures the the newly constructed Children’s Hospital. 17th the park as well as amphitheater arrival and work by the City was a consensus that a major park could serve to make this emerging area of park’s vertical dimension, it is also overlaid by Street becomes a key pedestrian link south of the ticketing. All important announcements and downtown park on this site would help organize the downtown more habitable for new residents extensions of the urban street grid. The park’s park bringing the rapidly growing new population civic events seem to now to find their home at and stimulate growth in the southern half of and generate value and incentive for future primary entry point is the 17th Street plaza which to the main arrival point in the park. The 17th the 17th Street Plaza. the downtown and provide new identity based development – the keystones of open space as terminates a developing pedestrian corridor street plaza extends much deeper into the park, on open space rather than structures – a new an “urban catalyst” extending five blocks south into the University forming it main urban gathering space. The plaza civic gathering space on the seam between the of Alabama Medical District and also reaching collects and organizes the diverse activities of 14 15 PLANNING THE 19-ACRE SITE IS THE FIRST INCREMENT IN WHAT WILL BE A 20 YEAR EFFORT TO TRANSFORM THE ENTIRE AREA BETWEEN THE TWO ORIGINAL FURNACES THAT WERE ONCE RESERVED FOR RAIL. WHAT WAS ONCE A DIVIDE IN THE CITY WILL BECOME A UNIFYING ELEMENT MUCH SAME AS RIVERFRONT PARKS ARE DOING IN OTHER CITIES. ALSO SIMILAR TO MANY OTHER CITIES, ACQUIRING RIGHTS TO EXISTING VACANT LANDS BELONGING TO RAIL AUTHORITIES WILL BE KEY. BY FAR THE LARGEST ISSUE WE HAD TO DEAL WITH WAS THAT SOMEHOW THIS PARK WAS SUPPOSED TO BRIDGE THE NORTH AND SOUTH AREAS OF DOWNTOWN. I KEPT THINKING TO MYSELF, ‘I DON’T UNDERSTAND HOW WE CAN POSSIBLY ACCOMPLISH THAT...’ 16 17 CITY OF BIRMINGHAM SITE AREA At each consultant visit numerous informal briefings, public workshops, and a formal town hall meeting were held, bringing as many interested residents as possible to the table. In a very real way, the program for the park and district was derived directly from an intensive series of public workshops aimed at this goal. 18 19 A vision for RailRoad Park. Master Plan Design Process 20 21 The completion of RailroadPark merely established the setting for connections to happen between the citizens of Birmingham. A key future initiative of the park planning go out of service. The southern half is a city in a mixed use project focusing on creative involves land to the east, lying between parking lot. At the persistent urging of the park work, art, food, and business propagation. The Railroad Park and Sloss Furnace. The most designer, these joint parcels are together being current initiative called “Prize to the Future” immediate plans are for the land directly facing considered for a major creative and cultural and sponsored by the Birmingham Community the park across 18th Street. The northern half facility – the “Cultural Furnace” which will join Foundation, is currently in the process of of this strategic parcel is currently occupied private developers with local planners to create deciding the development team. by an elegant old brick steam plant soon to an iconic marriage of old and new structures 22 23 SITE DESIGN Historically, the park site was the lowest area in from the immediate watershed and to provide the central means of organizing the park and entire park tilts toward the south where water is ANALYSIS AND PROCESS the city, originally home to a marsh that was filled emergency flood protection during periodic structuring these water flows. What was collected and then flows west toward a major for construction of warehouses, brickyards, and heavy rains that can plague the city’s storm previously a flat site was completely altered. flood storage pond at the site low point. rail sidings. The new design of the park reclaims infrastructure. The south side of the site was excavated some of this history in making use of water for for a new lake and stream system and the the project. The park’s low elevation within the For these reasons along with the fact of a lean excavated material was pushed north to city also makes it a logical place to store water recession-era budget, topography became create a series of knolls. Consequently the 24 25 “...the project was exceptionally well grounded in the city’s residents and we ended up with a design that spoke of railway plus a community plus nature.” Presenting ideas to Mayor Kincaid RESTAURANT. KIOSK. AMPHITHEATER. BATHROOM. ART. SCULPTURE. EDUCATIONAL FACILITY. COMMUNITY MEETING ROOMS. CAFE. WATER FEATURE. STEAM, FOG, FOUNTAIN, WATER. VISTA /OVERLOOK. OBSERVE TRAINS. INTERACTIVE ART. WADE POOL. REFLECTING POOL. OUTSIDE MOVIES. MULTI-PURPOSE FACILITY / PAVILIONS. AUCTIONS. RR MUSEUM. POLICE SUBSTATION. BUNGEE TOWER. ARTISAN SPRING SCULPTURE. WAITING AREA. SHADE STRUCTURE. RENTAL BIKES. EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. WAITING AREA. SHADE STRUCTURE. RENTAL BIKES. PUBLIC FACILITIES. BATHROOMS. DRINKING FOUNTAINS. GAZEBO. FARMERS MARKET PAVILION. EXTENSION OF ART MUSEUM. GREENHOUSE. ZOO. PETTING FARM. CLANTON TRAIN. PUMPKIN PATCH. AQUARIUM. CLIMBING WALL. VIRTUAL TRAIN. CAROUSEL. MARKET. WAYFINDING SYSTEM. ELEMENT IN PARK THAT SIGNALS ARRIVAL / DEPARTURE. VET. MODEL RAILROAD. SEATING AREA. CHESS PARK. SPORTS FIELD. DOG PARK. ADVENTURE PLAYGROUND. GREEN OPEN SPACE. MUSEUM WITHOUT WALLS. KIDS PARK. FESTIVAL GROUND. BMX BIKE TRACK. SKATEBOARD PARK. FRISBEE. BASEBALL. TENNIS. BASKETBALL. RUGBY. RIDING. GAMES. TRACK FIELD. MAZE. WIRELESS INTERNET ZONE. PICNIC AREA. INSTALLATION PARK. SCULPTURE GARDEN. PARKING. BOTANICAL GARDEN. GEOLOGICAL FEATURES. READING. SLEEPING. MEDITATION. FESTIVAL GROUND STAGES FOR CONCERT, THEATER, MOVIE. CRAWFISH BOIL. FARMERS MARKET. VENUES FOR EVENTS. FOOD. ENTERTAINMENT. VENDORS & STREET PERFORMERS. 26 27 BRIDGE FOUNDATION FILL EXCAVATION EXCAVATED MATERIALS Excavated Brick Gabion Wall Generating topography and hydrology As recycled industrial land, the park site was foundry sand within the soil, the ground was alive and functioning.