Our Patron Saints OUR MOTTO: Don’t use a big word where a diminutive one will suffice MINIE John Ford Shelby Foote

a r c h u m b e r M 2014. N 464 Official Newsletter of theNEWS Round Table of Australia Inc. Your attention please! Sign up for the Conference In this MN From the Editors 2 today! Come and listen to Manifest Destinies 3 Conference Proceedings 4 our international guest... Conference Extracts 5 7 Registrtation Form 8

Conference Saturday 29th March. Register Now!

Steven E. Woodworth Our Next Meeting Wednesday 26th March Meeting to be held at the Retreat Hotel 226 Nicholson Street Abbotsford. Drinks

and congenial talk at the bar with meals 6.30 to 8.00. Formal proceedings kick off CSS Shenandoah CSS at around 7.30pm sharp (approx) thereabouts! Upstairs in the still magnificent Carringbush Room. Our meetings are scheduled for the 4th Wednesday of each month except December.

Th e c l u b n o w p r o v i d e s Fr e e Lecture: – c o ff e e a n d t e a t o m e m b e r s a t t h e i n t e r v a l e a c h m e e t i n g . The Red River Campaign- Steven E. Woodworth

Quotable Quotes “I think I understand what military fame is; to be killed on the field of battle and have your name misspelled in the newspapers.” http://acwrta.tripod.com As Frank would sing…One for my baby The and one more for the road… American Civil War Round Table of Australia from the editors President: Dale Blair Warren & Ross P.O. Box 59, Emerald, Vic, 3782 Ph 5968 4547 Email: [email protected] Vice-President: Chris Hookey 2 Burnside Avenue, Canterbury, Vic, 3126 Ph 9888 5744 Email: [email protected] Secretary: Ian Caldwell 47 Pavo Street Belmont, Vic, 3216 [email protected] Welcome to the March 2014 edition of MN. Send ACWRTA Subs/fees to our The “1864” Conference to be held at the Celtic Club is almost upon us.; in fact it will take Temporary Treasurer: place on Saturday 29th March following or March monthly meeting. Our international Byard Sheppard guest, Steven E. Woodworth will be addressing both occasions. He will hold the floor at the 44 Diamond Creek Road Retreat Hotel on the Wednesday meeting night and will be the keynote speaker at the Saturday Greensborough, Vic, 3088 Conference. He comes with impeccable credentials. Public Officer & Correspondence Secretary: As is generally the case with ACWRTA occasions the members always seem to drag their heels Barry Crompton and will only commit at the last minute. We are sending out this MN earlier than usual in the PO Box 4017, hope that members and friends can make up their minds to attend the conference and our Patterson, Vic, 3204 Ph 9557 7872 organisational committee can sleep easily leading into the conference. Bums on seats is the Email: [email protected] name of the game. So commit early; register now! Thanking you. Newsletter Editors: Warren Davey The American Civil War Roundtable of Australia 85 Yarra St, Williamstown, 3016 Ph 9391 6146 Saturday, 29th March, 2014 Conference [email protected] 9.30 am – 5 pm Ross Schnioffsky The Celtic Club, 316/320 Queen Street, 104 River St, Newport, 3015 Ph 9391 0106 Melbourne Vic. 3000 [email protected] 1864 $50 members. $60 non-members. Secretary/Treasurer (Sydney Organisation) Brendan O’Connell (Avoid the rush!!) P O Box 200 St. Ives, Sydney Register Now NSW 2075 Tel: 2 9449 3720 Fax: 2 9988 4067 Steven Woodworth should have his packing and luggage all under control by the time you Email: [email protected] receive this MN. He is only in town for less than a week and he will be speaking at the March

Du e s $AUS 25.00 f o r d i g i t a l n e w s - meeting on the Red River Campaign, which took place at least partially in the month of l e t t e r o r $AUS 30.00 f o r a s n a i l March 1864, although its culminating battle (Mansfield) and subsequent retreat lapped over m a i l n e w s l e t t e r p a y a b l e t o into April.

ACWRTA, C/O Tr e a s u r e r , Je f f Yu i l l e Hoping to see a generous attendance at the monthly meeting and an equally, if not better attendance, at the Saturday Conference. The speakers are top shelf and it should be a good day out.

Cheers.

Henry Fonda as Young Steven E. Woodworth at the “1864” Conference. Mr Lincoln Saturday 29th May 2014. All Welcome (1938) March MINIE NEWS 2014 2 Book review: ‘Manifest Destinies’ by Steven E. Woodworth. The greatest challenge for historians writing about an extended period rather than a specific incident is to not overwhelm readers with detail. Among current chroniclers, it’s hard to imagine anyone is better than Texas Christian University history professor Steven E. Woodworth at picking out just the right highlights and fully explaining them without sacrificing too much momentum in terms of storytelling. Manifest Destinies, Woodworth’s new, magnificent account of how America’s fulfillment of its so-called manifest destiny in the 1840s led inexorably to the carnage of the Civil War in the 1860s, is full of wonder even for seasoned students of U.S. history. We’ve read about Henry Clay and John Calhoun and John Tyler and James Polk before - but never like this. Woodworth begins with a fascinating description of how America developed its two-party political system (devised in great part by Martin Van Buren) to encourage debating great issues without resorting to bloodshed. From there we discover how Henry Clay’s thwarted political ambitions resulted in Whig Party presidential candidates refusing to take stands on anything at all, thus postponing any final decisions regarding slavery. As North-South tensions increased accordingly, William Henry Harrison died in office and, for the first time, it had to be decided whether a vice president would become president in his own right or simply a caretaker with limited authority. John Tyler’s assumption of full power alienated both political parties. Determined to make his By JEFF GUINN / Special mark, Tyler turned his attention to expansion, with annexation of Texas Contributor to The Dallas Morning and maneuvering Britain out of Oregon as his prime objectives. News War ensued with Mexico, and generals who would become prominent The Last Gunfight, Jeff Guinn’s in the Civil War made their first military impact. Afterward, Stephen latest book about the American A. Douglas masterfully worked a series of compromise bills West, will be published by Simon through Congress and the Senate to further delay the inevitable Schuster in May 2011. bloody determination of the slavery issue. The final line in Manifest Destinies captures it all perfectly: “America had reached its territorial Published: 05 December 2010 02:31 AM culmination, but it was about to reap the fruits of its own internal Updated: 27 December 2010 02:07 PM contradiction.” But it is one thing to tell readers what happened, and very much another to enable them to enjoy learning why. Woodworth accomplishes this by deftly sprinkling his narrative with sparkling anecdotes. Manifest Destinies isn’t for everyone. It contains a tremendous amount of information, and Woodworth isn’t shy about making his personal opinions clear - in particular about the founding of the Mormon faith, the selfishness of Southern slaveholders and the gullibility of American voters, who demonstrated in the 1840s that they were willing to flock to the polls in large numbers “so long as they [were] not asked to do any thinking about their votes or to consider issues and policies.” In many other cases, his narrative is best described as tenuously objective. Historians are entitled to their opinions, too, and Woodworth makes such effective cases for his that readers who profoundly disagree shouldn’t be too deeply offended. [email protected] Steven E. Woodworth at the “1864” Conference. Saturday 29th May 2014. All Welcome 3 March MINIE NEWS 2014 The American Civil War Roundtable of Australia

Conference 1864 Saturday 29th March, 2014 Order of proceedings

9.30am Registration

10am President’s welcome

10.15am Mrs Margaret Lee -Metropolitan Sanitary Fair, 4 April, 1864

11.00am MORNING TEA

11.15am Dr Dale Blair -Grant v Lee: A Battle of Wills

12.00pm Dr Ross Brooks, B. Ed, Ph D -Resist Them Another Year

1pm LUNCH

1.40pm Professor Steven Woodworth -Sherman’s March to the Sea in History, Memory and Legend.

2.40pm Mr Chris Hookey -The

3.20pm AFTERNOON TEA

4pm Mr Byard Sheppard -Naval Strategy in 1864

4.45pm President’s closing address

6pm Conference dinner (at attendees cost)

Steven E. Woodworth at the “1864” Conference. Saturday 29th May 2014. All Welcome

March MINIE NEWS 2014 4 The American Civil War Roundtable of Australia Conference 1864 Saturday 29th March, 2014 Conference speakers’ biographies and extracts

Steven E. Woodworth ‘Sherman’s March to the Sea in History, Memory, and Legend’ The late Civil War historian Thomas L. Connelly once humorously quipped that in order to be considered a real neo- Confederate, you had to have had a grandmother who buried silverware under the smokehouse to hide it from Sherman’s men. Historian and Sherman biographer John F. Marszalek tells of southerners regaling him with tales of Sherman’s depredations to their ancestor’s property, even though their ancestors lived hundreds of miles from any place where Sherman campaigned. During the 1990s, when the suggestion was made of erecting a monument to Sherman’s troops at the site of their last battle of the war near Bentonville, North Carolina, some local residents raged that Sherman’s men were murderers and rapists. The myth of Sherman’s destructiveness has grown over the years. With each passing generation since the Civil War, the stories of his depredations have become more extreme. This paper will seek to sort out what Sherman and his men really did during the famous March to the Sea, what the effects of it were, and how and why the legend of it has grown over the years since that time. Steven E. Woodworth received his B.A. in 1982 from Southern Illinois University at Carbondale and his Ph.D. in 1987 from Rice University in Houston, Texas. After teaching at small colleges in Oklahoma and Georgia, he came to Texas Christian University in 1997 and is now a professor of history there. Over the years he has authored, co-authored, or edited thirty-two books, including Nothing but Victory: The Army of the , 1861-1865 (2006), While God Is Marching On: The Religious World of Civil War Soldiers (2001), and and His Generals: The Failure of Confederate Command in the West (1995).

Ross Brooks ‘Resist Them another year’ Want to form a nation? Well you are going to need a few things. You are going to need not just a government with all its appurtenances, but reasons for people to look to it, support it, and, if needs be, sacrifice for its survival. Many 20th Century historians believed that few Southerners were enthusiastic supporters of the Confederacy, and whatever allegiance existed was fast evaporating by 1864 and that the Confederacy collapsed from the inside. This talk brings together more recent research to further analyse the question of Confederate identity and nationhood. Ross Brooks is a long standing member of the American Civil War of Australia. He is also a member of the Company of Military Historians and a frequent visitor to the of America. He was awarded his Ph D in 2010 at La Trobe University for his study of Confederate Nationalism.

Margaret Lee ‘The Spring Offensive, 1864 – Union forces and the Army of the Home in tandem’ With the coming of spring 1864, civilians in the North began to stir into action with a cluster of fund-raising Sanitary Fairs all opening on the 22nd of February – Washington’s Birthday. Less than a week later the primary purpose of their work was exemplified with the opening of the prisoner-of-war camp at Andersonville, Georgia. The insistent and incessant financial demands the coming months of conflict would place on the United States Sanitary Commission generated a flurry

Steven E. Woodworth at the “1864” Conference. Saturday 29th May 2014. All Welcome

5 March MINIE NEWS 2014 of community activity. Fairs as far afield as Poughkeepsie, Maryland, St Louis and interspersed the Fort Pillow massacre, the Wilderness Campaign, General Sherman’s , the Battle of Resaca, the Cold Harbor campaign to the Confederate offensive in the Shenandoah Valley. How the Army of the Home portrayed their solidarity with their forces and their belief in the righteousness of their cause was displayed at those fairs. After Gettysburg the very real prospect of fighting moving north in 1864 added impetus to their efforts. The New York Draft Riots and ensuing civil unrest meant public order and social cohesiveness were of paramount importance. Therefore, every inch of public opinion was to be as closely fought over as any yard of battlefield Margaret Lee is a former president of the ACWRTA and is currently researching her doctoral thesis on the work and importance of the US Sanitary Commission. It was the finding of a special book – The Tribute Book – that led to her passion of how the civilian population of the North found ways to support their troops in ways that expressed their loyalty to the cause and amplified the role of the individual within the democratic principles of the Nation.

Dale Blair ‘Grant v Lee: A Battle of Wills’ The Spring of 1864 saw a dramatic escalation in the intensity of the war. This change was no better illustrated than in the clash of the armies in the East. There the legendary feats of Robert E. Lee had cast a spell over a succession of Union generals and now the new Union Commander in Chief Ulysses S. Grant decided to set his headquarters in the field with the Army of the Potomac and pit his military philosophy against that of his opponent. This paper explores the personalities and philosophies of Grant and Lee, how these shaped the character of the two men and marked out the fate of thousands of soldiers under their command. Dale Blair discovered the civil war as an 11 year old when he read Robert E Altar’s Heroes in Blue and Gray. He joined the ACWRTA after his second visit to the US in 1987 and is currently president of the Roundtable. He visited America again in 1999 and in 2013 participated in the 150th anniversary re-enactment at Gettysburg. He was awarded a Ph D in 1998 for his study of 1st Battalion soldiers of the Australian Imperial Force. He has published several books about Australian involvement in the First World War. Byard Sheppard: ‘Naval Strategy 1864’ Given the extensive coastline of the North American continent and the many rivers of its interior, the navies of both North and South had to deal with variable conditions and an ever changing strategic situation. This paper explores the complexities each navy faced with the blockade, the river wars and open ocean strategy. Byard Sheppard has had a long involvement in the ACWRTA since the 1970’s. He has a deep interest in all matters naval, being descended from one of England’s unsung heroes of the Napoleonic Wars, Captain Sir Thomas Byard R.N. He developed an interest in the Civil War in his teens, and has naturally gravitated towards the Navy in the Civil War. He is a past President and current treasurer of the ACWRTA.

Chris Hookey ‘The Battle of Nashville’ With Atlanta gone and Sherman’s dusty blue columns marching to the sea, Confederate hopes remained pinned to the standards of their dwindling armies. The irrepressible and controversial led his army northward rekindling Southern dreamings of invasion of the North and reclamation of lost southern territory. The Battle of Nashville was fought on December 15-16, 1864 between the Confederate under Lt. Gen. John Bell Hood and Federal forces under Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas. The battle was one of the largest victories achieved by the during the war; the Army of Tennessee was largely destroyed as an effective fighting force and its story stands as a pitiful requiem for a Lost Cause. Chris Hookey’s interest in the War Between the States commenced in 1973 and he discovered and joined the American Civil War Round Table of Australia in 1974. From school he went to the Royal Military College, Duntroon graduating at the top of his class. He spent 15 years in the military and particularly enjoys analysing military lessons and strategic implications of events in the war. He is particularly interested in Hood’s Texas Brigade. In order to fund acquisitions of paraphernalia and battlefield visits he now works with IBM.

Steven E. Woodworth at the “1864” Conference. Saturday 29th May 2014. All Welcome

6 March MINIE NEWS 2014 http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/qdr01 the Union gunboats. The column was led by the cavalry, under Brig. Gen. Albert L. Lee; following were a large supply train of some 350 wagons, the Thirteenth Corps, the Red River Campaign Nineteenth Corps, and a force under Gen. Art Leatherwood A. J. Smith. On April 7, three miles north of Pleasant Hill, Lee’s cavalry skirmished with Green’s rear guard. On April 8 the Union burned. column was strung out single file along some he Red River campaign of March to May T In the spring of 1864 General Banks began to twenty miles of road when it encountered 1864 occurred during the Civil War after the gather his forces-an army of about 17,000-for a the Confederate force about three miles fall of Vicksburg and Port Hudson. At that march to Alexandria, . In Alexandria, south of Mansfield. Upon contact with the time President authorized Banks was to join a 10,000-member troop Confederate forces, General Banks came a campaign against Shreveport, Louisiana, detachment from General Sherman’s up the column and assumed command. He then the temporary capital of Confederate command and a 15,000-member ordered reinforcements under Maj. Gen. Louisiana. It was a major supply depot and troop detachment under Gen. Frederick Steele. William B. Franklin from the rear, but they a gateway to Texas. Though the operation The detachment from Sherman’s Army of the were delayed by road congestion. Before the was opposed by generals Ulysses S. Grant, Tennessee was under the command of Gen. reinforcements could reach the front, General William T. Sherman, and Nathaniel P. Banks, Andrew J. Smith. Smith’s forces, escorted Taylor, with a total force of 8,800, attacked. it was favored by General in Chief Henry up the Red River by a fleet of ironclads The Federals, even with Franklin’s arrival, W. Halleck. Banks was commander of the and gunboats under Adm. David D. Porter, were routed. The may have Department of the Gulf and was engaged in disembarked at Simmesport and captured the been the most humiliating defeat of the entire operations against the Confederacy along partially completed Fort DeRussy on March war. The Union forces of 12,000 had 700 men the Texas Gulf Coast. Under some pressure 14. Smith and Porter occupied Alexandria on killed or wounded and 1,500 taken prisoner; from Halleck, Banks concentrated his forces March 19. Banks arrived on March 25, a week 20 Union artillery pieces and 200 wagons on a campaign to secure the area along the late. Steele was delayed and was too late to were captured, and almost 1,000 horses and Red River to Shreveport. Objectives for this take part in the campaign. The movement of mules were lost. The Confederate army of campaign included preventing a Confederate the Union forces up the Red River was slowed 8,800 had 1,000 killed or wounded. Banks fell alliance with the French in Mexico; denying by unseasonably low water levels, which back to Pleasant Hill. William H. Emory and southern supplies to Confederate forces; and hampered Porter in getting his ships over the the Nineteenth Corps moved up and met with securing vast quantities of Louisiana and rapids. Gen. , in command of Taylor’s pursuing forces at Pleasant Grove. On Texas for northern mills. By 1863 the Confederate forces opposing Banks, was the late afternoon of April 9, the Confederate Confederate general Richard Taylor, with retreating upriver as he awaited Confederate forces attacked. They were repulsed and his headquarters in Alexandria, was aware troops that were on the way to assist him. retired from the battlefield. During the night of that Union operations up the Red River were Taylor’s forces consisted of Maj. Gen. John the 9th General Banks gave the order to retire under consideration as a means to penetrate George Walker’s Texas Division, Col. William to Grand Ecore, Louisiana. The expedition the Department of Texas. The Red River Vincent’s Second Louisiana Cavalry, and seems to have been abandoned at this point, was navigable by steamship for as many as William Mouton’s Louisianans, with a small as the retreat continued down the Red River. six months of the year and could provide for brigade of Texans under the command of Brig. The Union forces, especially those under cooperative army and naval operations. It Gen. Camille A. J. M. Prince de Polignac; the command of Gen. A. J. Smith, looted, could support shifting bases as an invading reinforcements of cavalry and infantry were burned, and destroyed everything in their force pressed into the interior. He made his coming from Texas. On March 21 the Federals path as they moved south. Admiral Porter, concerns known to Gen. Edmund Kirby captured 250 of Vincent’s men near Henderson under harassment, also retreated down the Smith, commander of the Trans-Mississippi Hill after a small skirmish. Brig. Gen. Thomas river, and on reaching Alexandria he was once Department, and through him, to President Green’s Texas cavalry joined Taylor at more slowed by low water over the rapids. Jefferson Davis. Taylor began to establish Pleasant Hill. Green was placed in command Army Engineer lieutenant Joseph supply bases up the Red River; this included of Taylor’s rear guard and Taylor fell back to Bailey constructed a series of wing dams that the rehabilitation by Walker’s Texas Division Mansfield. permitted Porter and his boats to pass on May of Fort DeRussy near Simmesport, Louisiana. The Union forces had reached the 13. That same day A. J. Smith’s troops burned He began to warn citizens of the impending Natchitoches area by April 2, 1864, and the city of Alexandria to the ground. Taylor operations, and to limit the sale of cotton remained there until April 6, when they took continued to harass the retreating Union army, to speculators who were selling to northern a road to Mansfield toward Shreveport. Banks with the final skirmishes of the Red River buyers. After failing to stem significantly was unaware that another road followed the campaign occurring at Mansura, Louisiana, on the sale of cotton, Taylor by early 1864 had river and would have allowed support from May 16 and at Yellow Bayou on May 18. ordered that all bailed and seeded cotton be BIBLIOGRAPHY: Norman D. Brown, ed., Journey to Pleasant Hill: The Civil War Letters of Captain Elijah P. Petty (San Antonio: University of Texas Institute of Texan Cultures, 1982). Alvin M. Josephy, The Civil War in the American West (New York: Knopf, 1991). Robert L. Kerby, Kirby Smith’s Confederacy: The Trans-Mississippi South, 1863–1865 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1972). T. Michael Parrish, Richard Taylor: Soldier Prince of Dixie (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992). John D. Winters, The Civil War in Louisiana (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1963).

Steven E. Woodworth at the “1864” Conference. Saturday 29th May 2014. All Welcome

7 March MINIE NEWS 2014 1864 The American Civil War Roundtable of Australia Saturday, 29th March, 2014 Conference 9.30 am – 5 pm The Celtic Club, 316/320 Queen Street, Melbourne Vic. 3000

REGISTRATION FORM

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Postal Address: ______Telephone Contact: ______Email address: ______Conference Cost: ACWRTA Members $50 Non-members $60 Includes lunch, morning and afternoon teas and a raffle ticket for a framed civil war print.

Cheques can be made payable to ACWRTA and posted to The Treasurer, ACWRTA, 44 Diamond Creek Road, Email : [email protected] Greensborough, Vic. 3088 or by direct deposit to ACWRTA at Commonwealth Bank BSB 063105 Account 10133130 Please add as reference “Dues...... (your name)

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March MINIE NEWS 2014 8 ACWRTA 1864 Conference Raffle.

A series of striking images of the rare and important Civil War A series of striking images of the rare and important Civil War series was issued by the Louis Prang firm of Boston, 1886-1888. series was issued by the Louis Prang firm of Boston, 1886-1888. In the early 1880s, Century Magazine had issued a very popular In the early 1880s, Century Magazine had issued a very popular work entitled Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, and the Kurz & work entitled Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, and the Kurz & Allison firm had issued a large chromolithograph of Gettysburg. Allison firm had issued a large chromolithograph of Gettysburg. In response to these, Louis Prang decided to issue a portfolio of 18 In response to these, Louis Prang decided to issue a portfolio of 18 elaborate chromolithographs of important battles of the war. Prang elaborate chromolithographs of important battles of the war. Prang termed his prints “aquarelle facsimile prints” to distinguish them from termed his prints “aquarelle facsimile prints” to distinguish them from “mere” chromos. Prang claimed they were made by a “new and secret “mere” chromos. Prang claimed they were made by a “new and secret process”, but primarily they were chromos done without any line work. process”, but primarily they were chromos done without any line work. They were based on water colours commissioned by Prang and they They were based on water colours commissioned by Prang and they were intended to be naturalistic and accurate, for Prang was aiming were intended to be naturalistic and accurate, for Prang was aiming these prints for veterans and their descendants. Prang got testimonials these prints for veterans and their descendants. Prang got testimonials on their accuracy from prominent veterans and he included detailed on their accuracy from prominent veterans and he included detailed text on the battles involved. The prints were quite popular, helping to text on the battles involved. The prints were quite popular, helping to create a great surge in patriotic nostalgia about the war. create a great surge in patriotic nostalgia about the war.

To assist the funding of our Sesquicentennial Conferences over the next few years we now offer a choice of one these valuable items for Raffle. 1 Ticket $5 or 3 Tickets $10

You may forward your entry to this Raffle with your 2014 Membership renewal; Obtain a Ticket/s at our meetings or on the day at our 29 March 2014 Conference where the framed prints will be on display as that is the day the Raffle will be drawn.

“.” Advance on the Rebel Centre at Dunker Church

In this, the greatest battle of the Army of the Potomac under the leadership of General McClellan is shown a column going into action near the historical Dunker Church. From sunrise to sunset, on Sept. 17, 1862, swinging to and fro with varying fortunes, columns charged and recharged around this now famous spot. Here the Federal lines moved forward in final triumph, the setting sun, whose rising they had witnessed with grave apprehension, lighting up the banners of the victorious army.

“GETTYSBURG.” July 3, 1863

Seen are the columns of Pickett’s command sweeping on with impetuous fury and dashing against the Union lines at the stone wall in a hand-to- hand struggle for the supremacy of the field. This torrent now rushing on must be staved, or the blood of the thousands already slain upon this field will have been shed in vain, and the Army of the Potomac rent asunder. In this maelstrom of death men are nerved to superhuman efforts; from this impregnable living barrier recedes the high tide of rebellion; the last attack of Lee at Gettysburg is here repulsed.

“SHERIDAN’S RIDE” To the , Oct. 19, 1864.

This famous episode of the war, which this dashing scene represents, has never been so graphically portrayed by any painter of the immortal ride, “ From Winchester, Twenty Miles Away.” The time represented in the picture is at 4 P. m. of that day, when the whole army, reorganized by the meteor-like genius of Sheridan, was ready for the advance. At that hour, Sheridan, with his battle-flag in hand, galloped down the front of the line of battle to lead them forward, and was loudly cheered by his troops. This was the last quarter on the home stretch of “Sheridan’s Ride,” and the winning one, for when the advance was made the enemy broke, and were soon swept out of the Shenandoah Valley to return no more. 2014 Annual Subscription 1st January 2014-31 December 2014 American Civil War Round Table of Australia, Inc.

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