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Domenico Scarlatti Nimbus DOMENICO Nimbus 6 CDs SCARLATTI DOMENICO SCARLATTI • THE COMPLETE SONATAS • DOMENICO SCARLATTI VOLUME IV THE COMPLETE SONATAS • DOMENICO SCARLATTI Venice IX – XI (1754-6) (K388 – 451, K454 – 483) RICHARD LESTER Harpsichord & FORTEPIANO NI 1728 NI 1728 DOMENICO SCARLATTI 6 CD set The Complete Sonatas DOMENICO other titles in this series SCARLATTI Volumes I • II • III • V • VI • VII VOLUME IV DOMENICO DOMENICO DOMENICO SCARLATTI SCARLATTI SCARLATTI Venice IX – XI (1754-6) VOLUME I VOLUME II VOLUME III (K388 – 451, K454 – 483) Essercizi per Gravicembalo Venice III – V (1753) Venice VI – VIII (1753-4) (K1-30) (K206 – 295) (K296 – 355, K358 – 387) Venice I & II (1752) (K49, K98, K99, K129, K148-201) RICHARD LESTER RICHARD LESTER Harpsichord RICHARD LESTER Harpsichord & Organ Harpsichord & organ RICHARD LESTER Harpsichord & FORTEPIANO DOMENICO DOMENICO DOMENICO SCARLATTI SCARLATTI SCARLATTI VOLUME V VOLUME VI VOLUME VII Venice XII – XIII (1756-7) Appendices & Diversities Venice XIV (1742) (K484 – 543) 57 Sonatas (K3, 10-12, 17, 31, 36-38, Continuo Sonatas 43-77, 79, 80, 82-87, 92, 93) (K78, K81, K88 – 91) Venice XV (1749) RICHARD LESTER (K96, K98-138) Richard Lester Harpsichord Harpsichord & Fortepiano RICHARD LESTER Academia Musicali Harpsichord For availability and complete track details please visit www.wyastone.co.uk/nrl/scarlatti.html NI 1728 DOMENICO SCARLATTI near the jack rail. The length of the instrument (8ft included Bernard Roberts - and on the harpsichord, 3ins) allows for a rich and resonant bass and the George Malcolm - who sponsored his London debut The Complete Sonatas tapering of the soundboard in certain areas produces recital. His many solo engagements have included a sonorous treble.The case is of pine with tulipwood broadcasts for BBC radio and television, recitals at the Volume Iv NI 1728 veneer, spruce soundboard with walnut bridges and Royal Festival Hall Purcell Room, Wigmore Hall, the keys, like Queen Maria Barbara’s instruments are Bath International Festival, Bruges Festival, many Venice IX – XI (1754-6) of ebony and mother of pearl. concerts abroad - and master classes at Dartington (K388 – 451, K454 – 483) I have chosen ten sonatas in this set to be played on the Summer School. fortepiano, which I have then duplicated on the It was at Dartington that he met the great RICHARD LESTER • Harpsichord & Fortepiano harpsichord for comparison. Court records suggest a Spanish/American harpsichordist, Fernando Valenti, rapid gain in popularity of piano making in Portugal who ignited Lester’s enthusiasm and passion for ‘Domenico Scarlatti was without doubt, the most This then, is where Scarlatti first heard the hypnotic and Spain, although many instruments were thought Scarlatti’s sonatas. He subsequently recorded an original keyboard composer of his time’, wrote Ralph sounds of Andalucian gypsy music that were to to have been destroyed in the 1755 earthquake. An album of Scarlatti sonatas which was hailed by all the Kirkpatrick, Scarlatti’s biographer.1 become an endless source of inspiration for many interesting fortepiano which could well provide a major recording magazines as ‘brilliant’. He has He was born in Naples on October 26th 1685, the sonatas, all as far as we know, written for his royal missing link is housed in the Museo Provincial de written extensively for music magazines and same year as Bach and Handel. It was not until around pupil. Bellas Artes in Seville. Unsigned and undated, it is contributed two chapters on Scarlatti to a leading 1720 however, that his compositional skills developed The court remained in Seville for four years before attributed to Francisco Perez Mirabel of Seville, Hungarian book on early music, Regi Zene. fully following an appointment in Portugal as chapel moving northward to Madrid. The annual itinerary dating from around 1745. It has a full five-octave His reputation as an organist is clearly celebrated and music master to King João V, - and harpsichord writes Ralph Kirkpatrick, ‘…was then divided keyboard compass and would sound similar to the includes numerous recitals at King’s College, teacher to his younger brother Don Antonio - and his between the royal residences. Easter, Buen Retiro instrument on this recording. Cambridge, St Paul’s Cathedral, Coventry Cathedral nine-year-old daughter, Princess Maria Barbara. near Madrid; Spring and early summer in Aranjuez, and many other cathedrals and churches in this the ancient seat of Carlos V and Felipe II in the Tagus Following her marriage in 1729 to Fernando, Felipe Richard Lester country and abroad. During a busy musical life V’s son (heir to the Spanish throne) Domenico was to valley between Madrid and Toledo; La Granja, high up Richard Lester has also held positions as Head of remain as her music master for the rest of his life. in the Guadarrama mountains toward Segovia; Through this single recorded marathon Richard music at the Mall school in Twickenham, Oakley Hall Autumn at the Escorial on a lonely hillside Lester has now established an international reputation School in Cirencester - and as Master of the The Court in 1729 moved first to Seville, residing in overlooking the great plain toward Madrid, – and as a virtuoso harpsichordist. His piano teachers have Choristers at Cirencester Parish church. the Alcazar, ancient palace of Moorish kings.This area January to mid-March at the old hunting lodge of the of Andalusia in Southern Spain is considered the home Pardo.’ of Flamenco, and frequent visits by the court to major towns afforded ample opportunity for a discerning When Felipe died in 1746, Fernando VI and Queen This compilation ൿ 2007 Wyastone Estate Limited © 2007 Wyastone Estate Limited ear, as Burney states to, ‘imitate the tunes sung by Maria Barbara made their state entry into Madrid. It Issued under license from the copyright owner Privilège Accord carriers, muleteers and common people’.2 is thought that between 1738 and 1756, Scarlatti Cover/inlay photo: © TWINK143/iStockphoto.com Design: doubletakedesign.co.uk page 2 Domenico Scarlatti volume iV Page 11 The Instruments also had short compasses of fifty-nine, fifty-four and wrote the majority of his keyboard sonatas. Little is volumes are now housed in the Biblioteca Palatina, in fifty-six keys respectively. Many of Scarlatti’s sonatas known of him during his time in Spain, although we Parma. In choosing instruments on which to perform the demand a full five-octave range which would have know that he married twice and had nine children. He Further sonatas have also been discovered and complete cycle of sonatas, I was guided by the excluded their performance on many instruments in was knighted in 1738 and remained in loyal service Queen’s inventory in which quite a detailed account authenticated (included in volume 7 of this series) by the collection. It is also interesting that sonatas, until his death on July 23, 1757. W. Dean Sutcliffe, author of The Keyboard Works of of the instruments in her possession is presented. She suggestive of the piano’s expressiveness, actually fall owned twelve keyboard instruments distributed Between 1752 and 1757, thirteen volumes containing Domenico Scarlatti. I am indeed indebted to him for outside of the instruments’ compass. Of all the thirty sonatas in each were copied out for the Queen. furnishing copies of manuscripts, which have enabled between the royal palaces of Buen Retiro, Aranjuez instruments in Queen Maria Barbara’s collection, the and the Escorial. Seven were various types of Only volume X contains four extra. To this series of me to compile what is to date, the only complete three Spanish harpsichords referred to in her volumes, two others were added numbered XIV and recording of Scarlatti’s keyboard sonatas. Sonatas in harpsichords and five were pianofortes made in inventory were probably the most frequently used. Florence.These were probably made by Cristofori or XV and dated 1742 and 1749.These fifteen volumes Scarlatti’s hand have completely disappeared and in his pupil Ferrini. It is interesting to note that two of The Portuguese family of Antunes were prominent were bound in red morocco and engraved in gold on fact examples of his writing are scarce. these instruments had been converted into harpsichord and piano makers in the 18th century and the front, together with the arms of Spain and Although the Ralph Kirkpatrick numbers are used in harpsichords. Either the instruments had been shared a workshop in Lisbon, and it is quite probable Portugal. The Queen bequeathed these to Farinelli, this recorded edition the chronology follows Queen unsatisfactory as pianos, or were of more use as that Scarlatti was familiar with their excellent work. the famous castrato who carried much favour at the Maria Barbara’s manuscripts which are now housed in harpsichords; still the favourite keyboard instrument. Joachim José (1731-1811) was probably the most Spanish court. Some years after his death in 1782, the Biblioteca Marciana in Venice. notable and at least four instruments exist. It is a fine they were housed in the Biblioteca Marciana, in The largest harpsichord in the collection is described copy of the 1785 instrument by Michael Cole of Venice. These are now referred to as the Venice 1 Domenico Scarlatti by Ralph Kirkpatrick. (Princeton as possessing five registers and four sets of strings, one Cheltenham that we hear on Disc 3 - 6.The original is manuscripts and constitute the principal source for University Press) of which was probably a sixteen-foot stop. A further housed in the Finchcocks Collection of Musical these recordings. two harpsichords with three sets of strings, - and a 2 Burney. The present state of music in Germany.Vol.1 Instruments in Kent. On the original there are two In addition, a further fifteen duplicate volumes were Flemish instrument with a similar disposition is also eight-foot registers strung in brass with a harp stop on referred to.
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