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The Respite Winter 2007

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The Respite Winter 2007 National Park Service Park News U.S. Department of the Interior The offi cial newspaper of Rock Creek Park The Respite Winter 2007 Winter in Rock Creek Park WINTER IS NOT FOR EVERYONE. MANY PEOPLE TRAVEL TO Welcome from the warmer climates seeking milder temperatures and more sun- shine during the winter months. For the rest of us, winter Superintendent provides an opportunity to appreciate nature in all of her seasonal splendor. In Washington D.C., specifi cally Rock Rock Creek Park is a unique urban oasis in our nation’s capital. It offers Creek Park, winter is a chance to see the landscape around us visitors the opportunity to relax and without the camoufl age of foliage. Nature reveals Rock Creek refl ect. It is a respite from the every- Park’s best kept secrets in the winter. day. Whether you spent your child- hood wandering through these woods When it snows, animal tracks are seen on freshly fallen pre- or this is your fi rst visit to the park, you cipitation. To the exploring spirit, these tracks reveal the path will fi nd something that brings a smile to dens and nests that uncover the homes of park residents to your face and peace to your heart. who are often seen during other seasons. Hiking and biking on the park trails The land in winter is exposed - not a full exposure but a tan- are one of the more popular recre- talizing glint revealing our history and heritage. The Rock Deer at Rock Creek Park near the Nature Center ational activities. Some of these trails Creek Valley shows off the land that once served as host to were originally designed for horseback riding and many of them also offer local farms, mills, homesteads, Native American quarries, and scenic views of the forest and the a Civil War battle. The trained eye can read the land much creek. Rock Creek Park also has much like our ancestors and see its past use and the need for future to offer if you are interested in history. preservation. Wander through the civil war sites at Fort DeRussey and Fort Stevens (the On a cold windy day, a walk in the forest provides the oppor- only Washington fort that saw battle tunity to listen to the leaves rustle and trees squeak and moan, during the civil war), or visit one of the almost singing as they sway back and forth trying to keep time oldest standing structure in the District with nature’s winter symphony. Occasionally animals chime of Columbia, the Old Stone House in in on the chorus. The shrill call of a hawk, the mew of the Georgetown. deer, the chattering of squirrels all can be heard in the refrain of the forest on just the right winter’s day. Rock Creek Park is part of the Na- tional Park Service and, like all national parks, our mission is to preserve our Icy-sleeting days create the prospect of a demonstration of natural and cultural resources not the artistry of nature. Icicles left after a winter storm refract just for today but for generations to the light and distort the colors of the sun. This play of light follow. You can help us protect these and color can be seen on the side of historic buildings, as well areas by enjoying your experiences as on majestic trees, causing the imagination to recall brush in the park, by taking only pictures strokes of artists on display at the National Gallery of Art. and leaving only footprints. Enjoy the respite of Rock Creek Park. A favorite outdoor phenomenon of winter is the quiet and View looking west toward Beech Drive from Pulpit Rock Sincerely, solitude one experiences, the absence of the hum of civiliza- at Rock Creek Park tion. This off ers visitors a chance to think unobstructed by the sounds of the nation’s capital: automobiles, air planes, At the end of the day when you are snuggled on your couch and other machinery that is the life blood of commerce and sipping hot chocolate, the visions and sounds of your en- industry. counters in Rock Creek Park will lull you into a peace of Adrienne A. Coleman mind not experienced by people in warmer climates during Superintendent Most visitors experience winter in Rock Creek Park in some this time of year. These individuals miss out on a special op- form of weather dependent activity: cross country skiing, portunity located deep in the heart of the nation’s capital, a sledding, hiking, horseback riding, bicycling, or jogging. chance to make a solitary personal connection to nature in These activities are all good for your health and mental well- winter on an emotional and intellectual level. being. 2. Touring African- 3. The Places of 3. Teachers Visitor Information…2 American History Rock Creek Park: Gather In Rock Public Program...3 Meridian Hill Creek Park Contact Information…3 The echoes of the African-American history Located in northwest Washington, D.C., Rock Creek Park and Bridging the Water- and individual stories of determintation, ad- Meridian Hill Park is both rich in history and shed are working to restore the ancient Memorable Trees of Rock Creek Park…4 versity, and success resound throughout Rock inspiring for its landscape architecture. breeding grounds of migrating fi sh such Creek Park. Read about several examples as the herring and shad. Learn how of African-American contributions to the teachers are participating in this project cultural history of Rock Creek Park. and educating the students about the “Herring Highway.” 1 The Respite National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Touring African-American History WHETHER TRAVELING ALONG THE ROADWAYS Freedman villages sprouted throughout or hiking along the trails, the echoes of Rock Creek Park Washington. With close inspection, African-American history and the indi- Rock Creek Park was founded in 1890 as one can still see the foundations of the vidual stories of determination, adver- one of the fi rst federal parks. When the community that was once located at sity, and success resound throughout park was established, it bordered the edge Fort Reno. Around the same time at Rock Creek Park. From the time of of the growing city and was a favorite area Fort Stevens, a young runaway slave slavery, through the Civil War, to the for rural retreat. In the establishing legisla- known only as “Billy” found safety and Civil Rights Movement, these stories are tion, Rock Creek Park would “provide for refuge inside the fort. Billy served as a an integral part of the historic fabric of the preservation from injury or spoliation servant to several of the soldiers of Fort the park. of all timber, animals, or curiosities within Stevens and even considered enlisting said park, and their retention in their natural into Washington, D.C.’s black regi- Considered as part of the southern por- condition, as nearly as possible.” ments. Unfortunately, it is not known if tion of the United States, Washington, Billy ever enlisted to fi ght the war to end D.C., was a slave-owning community. Staff slavery. The enslaved Africans in Washington Superintendent primarily were used for both hard labor Adrienne A. Coleman At the end of the Civil War, small com- and domesticated chores. One enslaved munities grew and fl ourished around African, known as Tabitha, purchased Assistant Superintendent Rock Creek. The community of Her- her and her infant child’s freedom from Cynthia Cox ring Hill, which dates back to the Colo- Photo of Elizabeth Thomas, also known as Aunt Mary Smith Brumley in the 1820s for the nial days, grew, prospered, and became Betty, a free black woman who owned the land sum of $201. For other slaves it would where Fort Stevens was built. Chief of Interpretation a self-suffi cient, self-sustaining neigh- take an act of the Federal government borhood. Looking out from Herring Perry Wheelock used public lands for rallies, sit-ins, and and a Civil War to gain their freedom. Hill onto the Rock Creek Parkway, one protests. Meridian Hill Park was one of Supervisory Ranger can imagine the scores of families utiliz- With the outbreak of the Civil War, the places used to bring solidarity and a Dwight Madison ing the creek. Washington, D.C., hastily created over guiding light through the storm of racial inequality. Over forty years later, many 150 earthwork fortifi cations and bat- With the creation of Rock Creek Park Education Specialist locals in the neighborhood of Meridian teries to defend the city. Both free in 1890, city residents and visitors of all Maggie Zadorozny Hill Park still regard the park as “Mal- blacks and slaves were used in the forts nationalities fl ocked to the park to es- construction to make the federal city colm X Park” in acknowledgement of Contributing Park Rangers cape the hustle and bustle of urban life. impregnable from attack. Elizabeth the slain civil rights leader. Jessica Kusky During the early 1900s, Hattie Sewell, an Thomas, (a free black woman who excellent cook and entrepreneur, was Ron Harvey These are just several examples of owned the land where Fort Stevens was granted a lease to use old Peirce Mill as Mary Brazell African-American contributions to the built) was promised to have her land re- a teahouse. Stripped of its water wheel turned to her and to be fi nancially com- cultural history of Rock Creek Park. Website and inner mechanisms, visitors would pensated for her loss at the end of the The stories of African-Americans and www.nps.gov/rocr sit in the mill and feast on the delicious war.
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