REPUBLIC OF LEBANON COUNCIL FOR DEVELOPMENT AND RECONSTRUCTION ROADS AND EMPLOYMENT PROJECT (REP) APRIL 2018 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER TWO: PROJECT DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER THREE: INSTITUTIONAL, POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK ................................. 9 CHAPTER FOUR: ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE ............................................................................ 29 CHAPTER FIVE: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SCREENING .................................................. 53 CHAPTER SIX: POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS FRAMEWORRK .... 57 CHAPTER SEVEN: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING FRAMEWORK ........................................................................................................................................ 69 CHAPTER EIGHT: INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR SAFEGUARDS MANAGEMENT 91 CHAPTER NINE: DETERMINATION OF E&S INSTRUMENTS ....................................................... 97 CHAPTER TEN: DISCLOSURE AND CONSULTATION ACTIVITIES .......................................... 100 ANNEXES .............................................................................................................................................. 122 E-i Acronyms ARAP Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan CBO Community Based Organisation CDR Council for Development and Construction CFF Concessional Financing Facility COM Council of Municipalities CSO Civil Society Organisation DGA Directorate General for Antiquities DGUP Directorate General of Urban Planning E&S Environmental and Social EA Environmental Assessment EH&S Environmental Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMMF Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan GBV Gender Based Violence GOL Government of Lebanon GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism HCUP Higher Council of Urban Planning ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross IEE Initial Environmental Examination ILO International Labor Organisation IRAP International Road Assessment Program MoE Ministry of Environment MoEW Ministry of Energy and Water MoIM Ministry of Interior and Municipalities MoL Ministry of Labor MoPH Ministry of Public Health MoPWT Ministry of Public Works and Transport MoSA Ministry of Social Affairs MSW Municipal Solid Waste NGO Non-Governmental Organization NSEQ National Standards for Environmental Quality PCR Physical Cultural Resources PDOs Project Development Objectives PMU Project Management Unit RAP Resettlement Action Plan RAP Resettlement Action Plan REP Roads and Employment Project RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment SNRSC Secretariat of the National Road Safety Council TOR Terms of Reference UNDP United Nations Development Program UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees US$ United States Dollar WB World Bank WBG World Bank Group WHO World Health Organization E-ii Glossary Accessibility Refers to the identification and elimination of obstacles and barriers to provide access to the physical environment, to transportation, to information and communications and to other facilities and services. Biodiversity Is the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems. Chance find A chance find is archaeological material encountered unexpectedly during project construction (procedure) or operation. A chance find procedure is a project-specific procedure which will be followed if previously unknown cultural heritage is encountered during project activities. The chance finds procedure will set out how chance finds associated with the project will be managed. The procedure will include a requirement to notify relevant authorities of found objects or sites by cultural heritage experts; to fence off the area of finds or sites to avoid further disturbance; to conduct an assessment of found objects or sites by cultural heritage experts; to identify and implement actions consistent with the requirements of ESS8 and national law; and to train project personnel and project workers on chance find procedures. Caza Geographical subdivision of the territory equivalent to the district level in Lebanon Critical habitat Is defined as areas with high biodiversity importance or value, including: (a) habitat of significant importance to Critically Endangered or Endangered species, as listed on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of threatened species or equivalent national approaches; (b) habitat of significant importance to endemic or restricted- range species; (c) habitat supporting globally or nationally significant concentrations of migratory or congregatory species; (d) highly threatened or unique system; and (e) ecological functions or characteristics that are needed to maintaining the viability of the biodiversity values described above in (a) to (d). Cultural Is defined as resources with which people identify as a reflection and expression of their heritage constantly evolving values, beliefs, knowledge and traditions. Disadvantaged Refers to those who may be more likely to be adversely affected by the project impacts and/or or vulnerable more limited than others in their ability to take advantage of a project’s benefits. Such an individual/group is also more likely to be excluded from/unable to participate fully in the mainstream consultation process and as such may require specific measures and/or assistance to do so. This will take into account considerations relating to age, including the elderly and minors, and including in circumstances where they may be separated from their family, the community or other individuals upon which they depend. Environmental, Are technical reference documents with general and industry-specific statements of Good Health, and International Industry Practice (GIIP). The EHSGs contain the performance levels and Safety measures that are generally considered to be achievable in new facilities by existing Guidelines technology at reasonable cost. For complete reference, consult the World Bank Group Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines, (EHSGs) http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/ifc+susta inability/our+approach/risk+management/ehsguidelines Good Is defined as the exercise of professional skill, diligence, prudence, and foresight that would International reasonably be expected from skilled and experienced professionals engaged in the same type Industry of undertaking under the same or similar circumstances globally or regionally. The outcome of Practice (GIIP) such exercise should be that the project employs the most appropriate technologies in the project-specific circumstances. E-iii Habitat Is defined as a terrestrial, freshwater, or marine geographical unit or airway that supports assemblages of living organisms and their interactions with the nonliving environment. Habitats vary in their sensitivity to impacts and in the various values society attributes to them. Involuntary Project-related land acquisition or restrictions on land use may cause physical displacement resettlement (relocation, loss of residential land or loss of shelter), economic displacement (loss of land, assets or access to assets, including those that lead to loss of income sources or other means of livelihood), or both. The term “involuntary resettlement” refers to these impacts. Resettlement is considered involuntary when affected persons or communities do not have the right to refuse land acquisition or restrictions on land use that result in displacement. Khamsin An oppressive, hot, dry and dusty south or south-east wind occurring in North Africa, around the East Mediterranean and the Arabian Peninsula intermittently in late winter and early summer, but most frequently between April and June. Land Refers to all methods of obtaining land for project purposes, which may include outright acquisition purchase, expropriation of property and acquisition of access rights, such as easements or rights of way. Land acquisition may also include: (a) acquisition of unoccupied or unutilized land whether or not the landholder relies upon such land for income or livelihood purposes; (b) repossession of public land that is used or occupied by individuals or households; and (c) project impacts that result in land being submerged or otherwise rendered unusable or inaccessible. “Land” includes anything growing on or permanently affixed to land, such as crops, buildings and other improvements, and appurtenant water bodies. Livelihood Refers to the full range of means that individuals, families, and communities utilize to make a living, such as wage-based income, agriculture, fishing, foraging, other natural resource-based livelihoods, petty trade, and bartering. Natural Are areas composed of viable assemblages of plant and/or animal species of largely native habitats origin, and/or where human activity has not essentially