Weekly Epidemiological Record Relevé Épidémiologique Hebdomadaire

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Weekly Epidemiological Record Relevé Épidémiologique Hebdomadaire 2018, 93, 249–304 No 20 Weekly epidemiological record Relevé épidémiologique hebdomadaire 18 MAY 2018, 93th YEAR / 18 MAI 2018, 93e ANNÉE No 20, 2018, 93, 249–304 http://www.who.int/wer Contents Sommaire 249 Editorial 249 Editorial 251 Mapping the distribution and risk of epidemics 251 Cartographie de la distribution et des risques d’épidémie in the WHO African Region dans la Région africaine de l’OMS 256 A health emergency risk profile of the South-East 256 Profil des risques d’urgence sanitaire dans la Région de l’Asie Asia Region du Sud-Est 264 Importance of surveillance for preparedness and 264 Importance de la surveillance pour renforcer l’état de country readiness in a hazard-prone region préparation des pays dans une région à risque 267 The Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources 267 L’initiative «Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources»: initiative: a collaboration to harmonize and une collaboration visant à harmoniser et à standardiser standardize early detection and epidemic les procédures de détection précoce et de renseignement intelligence among public health organizations épidémiologique entre les organisations de santé publique 269 Early Warning, Alert and Response (EWAR): a key 269 Alerte précoce et réponse (EWAR): une composante clé de area for countries in preparedness and response to la préparation et de la réponse des pays face aux urgences health emergencies sanitaires 273 Confronting health security threats: The Asia–Pacific 273 Affronter les menaces pesant sur la sécurité sanitaire: Mise en Strategy for Emerging Diseases and Public Health œuvre de la Stratégie Asie-Pacifique de maîtrise des maladies Emergencies to advance core capacity for the émergentes et de gestion des urgences de santé publique International Health Regulations (2005) (APSED III) pour renforcer les principales capacités requises par le Règlement sanitaire international (2005) 279 Adapting the Incident Management System for 279 Adaptation du système de gestion des incidents à la response to health emergencies – early experience riposte dans les situations d’urgence sanitaire – premières of WHO expériences du système par l’OMS 284 Access to life-saving vaccines during outbreaks: 284 L’accès aux vaccins vitaux pendant les flambées épidémiques: a spotlight on governance coup de projecteur sur la gouvernance 289 Crisis in Ukraine as an opportunity for rebuilding 289 La crise en Ukraine, une occasion de reconstruire un système a more responsive primary health care system de soins de santé primaires plus réactif 293 Who DARES wins. Delivering accelerated results 293 Produire des résultats accélérés de manière efficace et effectively and sustainably durable: l’initiative DARES, une approche gagnante 296 Implementation of the International Health 296 Mise en œuvre du Règlement sanitaire international (2005) Regulation (2005) in Oman: progress, lessons learnt à Oman: progrès, enseignements tirés et voie à suivre and way forward 300 Accelerating implementation of the International 300 Accélérer la mise en œuvre du Règlement sanitaire Health Regulations (2005): the interface between international (2005): à l’interface entre systèmes de santé health systems and health security et sécurité sanitaire WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION Annual subscription / Abonnement annuel Geneva Sw. fr. / Fr. s. 346.– ORGANISATION MONDIALE 05.2018 DE LA SANTÉ ISSN 0049-8114 Genève Printed in Switzerland 249 SPECIAL EDITION NUMÉRO SPÉCIAL Editorial Editorial The WHO Health Emergencies (WHE) programme was /H 3URJUDPPH 206 GH JHVWLRQ GHV VLWXDWLRQV G·XUJHQFH VDQL- established in 2016 to strengthen WHO capacity to WDLUH :+( D pWp PLV HQ SODFH HQ DÀQ GH UHQIRUFHU OHV prevent, detect and respond to emergencies. 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URKLQJ\DVDX%DQJODGHVKSRXUQ·HQFLWHUTXHTXHOTXHVXQHV This special edition of the Weekly Epidemiology Record Ce numéro spécial du Relevé épidémiologique hebdomadaire SURYLGHV D ÁDYRXU RI VRPH RI WKH ZRUN WKDW :+( LV GRQQH XQH LGpH GH O·DFWLRQ PHQpH SDU OH 3URJUDPPH DYHF OHV doing with partners to strengthen global capacity to SDUWHQDLUHV DÀQ GH UHQIRUFHU OHV FDSDFLWpV PRQGLDOHV SRXU VH prepare, prevent, detect, respond to and recover from SUpSDUHU DX[ VLWXDWLRQV G·XUJHQFH VDQLWDLUH OHV SUpYHQLU OHV public health emergencies with the goal of creating a GpWHFWHU \ ULSRVWHU HW V·HQ UHOHYHU OH EXW pWDQW GH FUpHU XQ safer world. monde plus sûr. 7KH ÀUVW VHW RI DUWLFOHV IRFXVHV RQ :+(·V ZRUN WR /D SUHPLqUH VpULH G·DUWLFOHV SRUWH VXU O·DFWLRQ GX 3URJUDPPH strengthen surveillance and risk assessment including pour renforcer la surveillance et l’évaluation du risque y compris through the use of technology. Teams in AFRO, SEARO DX PR\HQ GH OD WHFKQRORJLH /HV pTXLSHV G·$)52 6($52 HW GH and PAHO document the tools they are using to assess O·236 3$+2 H[SRVHQW OHV RXWLOV TX·HOOHV XWLOLVHQW SRXU pYDOXHU and understand their hazards. WHO describe the use of HW FRPSUHQGUH OHV GDQJHUV TX·HOOHV SHXYHQW UHQFRQWUHU /·206 Spatial analysis to map out geographical zones for the GpFULW O·XWLOLVDWLRQ GH O·analyse spatiale pour cartographier les most common haemorrhagic fevers, chikungunya, ]RQHVpFRORJLTXHVGHVÀqYUHVKpPRUUDJLTXHVOHVSOXVFRXUDQWHV yellow fever, Zika virus, plague, anthrax, meningitis, GXFKLNXQJXQ\DGHODÀqYUHMDXQHGXYLUXV=LNDGHODSHVWHGX cholera and malaria. SEARO outlines how they have charbon (ou anthrax), de la méningite, du choléra et du palu- used multiple tools to understand their capacity gaps disme. SEARO décrit comment ils ont utilisé de multiples outils and vulnerabilities in order to guide investments in risk pour comprendre les lacunes dans leurs capacités et les vulné- reduction and preparedness. In the Americas they are UDELOLWpVDÀQG·RULHQWHUOHVLQYHVWLVVHPHQWVSRXUODUpGXFWLRQGHV adapting tools for surveillance and operational readi- risques et la préparation. Dans les Amériques, ils adaptent les ness to take into account changes in social behaviours outils de surveillance et de préparation opérationnelle pour prendre IURP XUEDQLVDWLRQ WUDYHO DQG WUDGH $QG ÀQDOO\ WKH en compte les changements dans les comportements sociaux résul- article on the Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources WDQWGHO·XUEDQLVDWLRQGHVYR\DJHVHWGXFRPPHUFH(QÀQO·DUWLFOH (EIOS) shows how a multi-agency collaboration is VXU O·LQLWLDWLYH Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources (EIOS) using open source data to support early detection, montre comment la collaboration entre de multiples organismes YHULÀFDWLRQ DQG DVVHVVPHQW RI SXEOLF KHDOWK ULVNV VH VHUW GHV GRQQpHV HQ OLEUH DFFqV SRXU VRXWHQLU OD GpWHFWLRQ OD DOORZLQJ EHWWHU LGHQWLÀFDWLRQ RI HYHQWV WKDW ZDUUDQW YpULÀFDWLRQHWO·pYDOXDWLRQGHVULVTXHVSRXUODVDQWpSXEOLTXHWRXW more detailed risk analysis. HQ SHUPHWWDQW XQH PHLOOHXUH LGHQWLÀFDWLRQ GHV pYpQHPHQWV MXVWL- ÀDQWXQHDQDO\VHSOXVGpWDLOOpHGXULVTXH The second set of articles presents some examples of /DGHX[LqPHVpULHG·DUWLFOHVSUpVHQWHGHVH[HPSOHVGHO·DFWLRQ the WHE work in strengthening country preparedness. du Programme pour renforcer la préparation des pays/·DUWLFOH The article on Early Warning, Alert and Response sur l’alerte précoce et la réponse décrit les travaux en cours outlines work that is ongoing to develop a robust tool SRXUPHWWUHDXSRLQWXQRXWLOUREXVWHSRXYDQWV·DSSOLTXHUjOD that can be applied in both routine and emergency IRLVDXFRQWH[WHRUGLQDLUHHWjFHOXLGHVVLWXDWLRQVG·XUJHQFHOH contexts with the aim of making EWAR processes EXWpWDQWGHUHQGUHOHVSURFHVVXVGXV\VWqPH(:$5SOXVÁXLGHV VPRRWKHUDQGPRUHHIÀFLHQW7KHSLHFHRQ$VLD3DFLÀF HWSOXVHIÀFDFHV/·DUWLFOHVXUOD6WUDWpJLH$VLH3DFLÀTXHSRXUOD Strategy for Emerging Diseases and Public Health Emer- maîtrise des maladies émergentes et la gestion des urgences de gencies (APSED) shares lessons learnt in rolling out a santé publique (APSED) tire les enseignements du déploiement common framework for building core capacity across G·XQ FDGUH FRPPXQ SRXU UHQIRUFHU OHV FDSDFLWpV HVVHQWLHOOHV two WHO regions for application beyond Asia and the GDQVGHX[5pJLRQVGHO·206HQYXHG·XQHDSSOLFDWLRQDXGHOj 3DFLÀFLQRUGHUWRVWUHQJWKHQJOREDOKHDOWKVHFXULW\
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