DOCSLIB.ORG

Sex-Ratio, Maturation and Spawning of the Indian Ilisha, Ilisha Melastoma (Clupeiformes: Pristigasteridae) in Coastal Waters of Pakistan (Northern Arabian Sea)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sex-Ratio, Maturation and Spawning of the Indian Ilisha, Ilisha Melastoma (Clupeiformes: Pristigasteridae) in Coastal Waters of Pakistan (Northern Arabian Sea) Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences Vol. 40(4), August 2011, pp. 516-521 Sex-ratio, maturation and spawning of the Indian ilisha, ilisha melastoma (clupeiformes: pristigasteridae) in coastal waters of Pakistan (northern Arabian Sea) Khalid Mahmood , Zarrien Ayub* & Ghazala Siddiqui Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan *[E-mail address: [email protected]] Received 22 March 2010; revised 5 December 2010 Present study showed that the over-all sex-ratio deviated in favour of females in Ilisha melastoma. However, the sex- ratio was approximately 1:1 in certain months while in others it was in favor of females. Similarly the sex-ratio deviated from 1:1 ratio in different size-classes. Minimum size at which the specimens of I. melastoma get matured is 14.9 cm in total length (11.5 cm in SL). Four maturation stages of ovaries, namely, immature, ripening, ripe and spent/recovering were recognized in I. melastoma. Two peaks of spawning were observed in this species, the major peak was from February to May and the minor peak appeared in August to November. [Keywords: Maturation, spawning, Indian ilisha, Pakistan] Introduction during the period March 2004 to February 2005 and a Species of the genus Ilisha are distributed in the total of 725 specimens of I. melastoma were Indo-Pacific region, i.e., Japan, China, Hong Kong, examined. Total length (cm) and weight (g) of each Singapore, Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Burma, India, fish was recorded. Fish was dissected from the Pakistan, Persian Gulf and Africa. According to abdominal region and the sex and gonadal maturity of Whitehead1 genus Ilisha have a circumtropical fish was determined by visual examination of gonads distribution in estuaries and coastal waters, with one (Table 3). For histological study, every month the species in the tropical east Atlantic, two in South ovaries of 20-25 fishes were fixed in Davidson’s America and eleven in tropical Asia. Genus Ilisha is Fluid for 48 hours. After fixation the ovaries were important in artisanal fisheries throughout the tropics transferred to 70% alcohol. Process of dehydration, of South and Southeast Asia, however little is known infiltration and embedding was followed as about the species belonging to genus Ilisha2-4. mentioned in Humason7. Embedded ovaries were Two species of genus Ilisha have been reported sectioned at 7 µm and then stained with Delafield’s from the coastal waters of Pakistan, I. melastoma and Haematoxylin and counterstained with Eosin. I. megaloptera5. Information on the reproductive For fecundity estimates, 33 ripe ovaries were biology of a species, such as length and age at first removed and weighed accurately by using electrical maturity, spawning season and fecundity are balance to nearest 0.01 g. From each ovary three important for effectively managing the fisheries for subsamples from anterior, middle and posterior region that species6. In the present study, the sex-ratio, of the ovary, weighing 0.1 g were preserved in 10% maturation and spawning of Ilisha melastoma (Bloch formalin for 5 days. Each and every ripe oocyte in the and Schneider, 1801) was studied based on subsample was counted under the binocular macroscopic and microscopic examination of gonad. microscope and the fecundity was estimated according to Hunter et al.8. Materials and Methods Samples of Ilisha melastoma were procured F = W/w × N monthly from the landings at Karachi Fish Harbour where F = Fecundity; W = Total ovary weight; _________________ w = subsample weight; N = no of oocytes in the *For Correspondence subsample. KHALID et al.: SEX RATIO, MATURATION AND SPAWNING OF THE INDIAN ILISHA MELASTOMA 517 The oocyte diameter was measured on the Deviation in sex-ratio could be due to partial histological sections with the help of an ocular segregation of mature forms through habitat micrometer. The diameter of oocyte was taken at one preferences11 due to migration12 or behavioral axis running parallel to the slide and the widest part of differences between sexes13 thus rendering one sex to the oocyte was measured. be more easily caught than another. The 1:1 ratio of I. melastoma was found to be Results and Discussion disturbed in various size-classes (Table 2). Males Sex-ratios 2 showed preponderance in the size-class 14.0-15.9 cm Chi square (× ) was used to test whether the sex- 2 ratios observed were significantly different from the (X = 6.26; P < 0.05). Size-class 16.0-17.9 cm expected sex-ratio of 1:1. The overall sex-ratio of followed the ratio 1:1, while in the remaining size- I. melastoma was significantly in favour of females classes the 1:1 ratio was in favour of females (X2 = 25.98; P < 0.001) (Table 1). Month-wise (Table 2). Fish >24.0 cm showed the males and distribution of sexes fluctuated significantly in favour females approximately in equal numbers. Differences of females in May, June, August, and February while in the size-specific sex-ratio in fish have been related to sexual differences in growth, mortality or energetic in November it showed the preponderance of males 14-15 (X2 = 9.68; P = < 0.01). In the remaining months it cost of reproduction . followed 1:1 sex-ratio. In I. africana respectively Macroscopic examination of gonads from Nigeria and Ghana, the over-all sex-ratio did not 9-10 The sex of I. melastoma was determined on the differ significantly from the expected 1:1 ratio , visual examination of the gonads and four maturation however, the occurrence of more females in certain stages of male and female gonad of I. melastoma were months was related to the peak of their spawning 9 recognized, that is, immature, ripening, ripe and periods . Presence of more females of I. melastoma in spent/recovering whose characteristics are given in the present study in February, March, May, June, and Table 3. However, the sex of 44 specimens of August coincides with the peak of their spawning. I. melastoma could not be identified on macroscopic examination and the sex in these individuals remained Table 1 Chi square test of sex-ratios of I. melastoma in indistinct even on histological examination of the various months during the period from March 2004 to February 2005 (*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<,0.001). gonad. Unsexed individuals of I. melastoma may be the spent condition of the gonad as has been reported Months Total Males Females Unsexed x2 March 23 11 12 - 0.04 Table 2 Chi square test of sex-ratios in different size-classes April 54 23 31 - 1.19 of I. melastoma obtained from the landings of Karachi Fish May 102 39 63 - 5.65* Harbour (*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<,0.001) June 77 11 28 38 7.41** Size classes Total Males Females Unsexed X2 July 72 27 41 4 2.88 (cm) August 75 21 54 - 14.52*** September 60 20 39 1 6.12* 14.0-15.9 31 20 7 4 6.26* October 70 32 37 1 0.36 16.0-17.9 215 87 95 33 0.35 November 50 36 14 - 9.68** 18.0-19.9 291 120 166 5 7.40** December 61 29 32 - 0.15 20.0-21.9 145 33 110 2 41.46*** January 45 24 21 - 0.20 22.0-23.9 25 7 18 - 4.84* February 36 1 35 - 32.11*** 24.0-25.9 13 3 10 - 3.77 Total 725 274 407 44 25.98*** 26.0-27.9 5 4 1 - 1.80 Table 3 Macroscopic description of the maturity stages of the gonads of I. melastoma Stages Females Males Stage 1 (Immature) Translucent or whitish and thread-like, no White and thread-like, histological examination revealed oocytes visible, histological examination the sex revealed the sex Stage 2 (Ripening) Pinkish with blood capillaries, eggs appear as Whitish or creamish, size of gonad increased and can be whitish granules, size of gonad further increased recognized as male gonad as milt extruded on pressure Stage 3 or Ripe Pinkish or reddish, eggs distinctly visible, gonad Whitish with pink vascularization, gonad occupy ½ of occupy ½ of the body cavity the body cavity, milt running on pressure Stage 4 or Pinkish or reddish, eggs opaque, gonad shrinks Whitish, flaccid, gonad seems empty Spent/Recovering 518 INDIAN J. MAR. SCI., VOL. 40, NO. 4, AUGUST 2011 Fig. 1 Photomicrographs showing the developmental stages of the ovary in I. melastoma. A. Section of an immature ovary containing chromatin nucleolar and perinucleolar oocytes. B. Section of a ripening ovary showing perinucleolar oocytes and partially yolked oocytes. C. Section of a ripe ovary showing advanced yolked oocytes. D. Section of a spent/recovering ovary showing atretic oocytesb and perinucleolar oocytes. CN, chromatin nucleolar oocytes; PO, perinucleolar oocytes; PYO, partially yolked oocytes; AYO, advanced yolked oocytes; AO, atretic oocytes, Scale = 100 µm. by West16 that such gonads were probably ‘spent’ Size at first maturity of females ovary in which the egg production has ceased for the Smallest female of I. melastoma with ripe ovary current season and therefore, present problems in measured 14.9 cm in total length (11.5 cm in SL). The identifying. 18.0-19.9 cm size-class showed the greatest number 4 of I. melastoma with ripe ovaries. Blaber et al. Histological staging of female gonads reported that I. melastoma matured at about 100 mm Four arbitrary maturation stages of ovaries were SL and this size is smaller than the size (11.5 cm in recognized in I. melastoma on the basis of histological SL) obtained in the present study. Size of first sexual examination (Table 4 and Figure 1).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Teleostei, Clupeiformes)
    Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations Biological Sciences Fall 2019 Global Conservation Status and Threat Patterns of the World’s Most Prominent Forage Fishes (Teleostei, Clupeiformes) Tiffany L. Birge Old Dominion University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Biology Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Natural Resources and Conservation Commons Recommended Citation Birge, Tiffany L.. "Global Conservation Status and Threat Patterns of the World’s Most Prominent Forage Fishes (Teleostei, Clupeiformes)" (2019). Master of Science (MS), Thesis, Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/8m64-bg07 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds/109 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GLOBAL CONSERVATION STATUS AND THREAT PATTERNS OF THE WORLD’S MOST PROMINENT FORAGE FISHES (TELEOSTEI, CLUPEIFORMES) by Tiffany L. Birge A.S. May 2014, Tidewater Community College B.S. May 2016, Old Dominion University A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE BIOLOGY OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY December 2019 Approved by: Kent E. Carpenter (Advisor) Sara Maxwell (Member) Thomas Munroe (Member) ABSTRACT GLOBAL CONSERVATION STATUS AND THREAT PATTERNS OF THE WORLD’S MOST PROMINENT FORAGE FISHES (TELEOSTEI, CLUPEIFORMES) Tiffany L. Birge Old Dominion University, 2019 Advisor: Dr. Kent E.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Fisheries Management
    LECTURE NNOTE ON FIS 201 (2Units) INTRODUCTION TO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT PREPARED BY DR (MRS) IKENWEIWE N. BOLATITO AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES DEPARTMENT UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE,ABEOKUTA 1 INTRODUCTION ICTHYOLOGY is the scientific study of fish. Fish, because of the possession of notochord belong to the phylum chordata. They are most numerous vertebrates. About 20,000 species are known to science, and compare to other classes, aves 98,600species and mammals 8600species, reptiles 6,000 spandamphibians 2,000species.Fish also in various shape and forms from the smallest niamoy17mmT.L the giant whale shark that measures 15m and heights 25 tonnes. Fish are poikilothermic cold blooded animals that live in aquatic environment Most fish , especially the recent species, have scales on their body and survive in aquatic environment by the use of gills for respiration. Another major characteristic of a typical fish is the presence of gill slits which cover the gills on the posterior. (1) FISH TAXONOMY. Everyone is at heart a taxonomist whether by virtue or necessity or because of mere curiosity. 1. To know/identify the difference component in a fish population. That is to name and arrange. 2. To study the population dynamics in a population. (Number of each species in a population.) 3. Important in fish culture propagation – to know the species of fish that is most suitable for culture. 4. To exchange information to people in other parts of the world living known that both are dealing on the same species. 5. Reduce confusion as same Latin word generally acceptable worldwide are used while vernacular names differ form one location to another.
    [Show full text]
  • 2003. Fish Biodiversity: Local Studies As Basis for Global Inferences
    Fish Biodiversity: Local Studies as Basis for Global Inferences. M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (Eds.) ACP – EU Fisheries Research Report NO. 14 ACP-EU Fisheries Research Initiative Fish Biodiversity: Local Studies as Basis for Global Inferences Edited by Maria Lourdes D. Palomares Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Birane Samb Centre de Recherches Océanographiques de Dakar-Thiaroye, Sénégal Taïb Diouf Centre de Recherches Océanographiques de Dakar-Thiaroye, Sénégal Jan Michael Vakily Joint Research Center, Ispra, Italy and Daniel Pauly Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Brussels December 2003 ACP-EU Fisheries Research Report (14) – Page 2 Fish Biodiversity: Local Studies as Basis for Global Inferences. M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the European Commission concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers or boundaries. Copyright belongs to the European Commission. Nevertheless, permission is hereby granted for reproduction in whole or part for educational, scientific or development related purposes, except those involving commercial sale on any medium whatsoever, provided that (1) full citation of the source is given and (2) notification is given in writing to the European Commission, Directorate General for Research, INCO-Programme, 8 Square de Meeûs, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium. Copies are available free of charge upon request from the Information Desks of the Directorate General for Development, 200 rue de la Loi, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium, and of the INCO-Programme of the Directorate General for Research, 8 Square de Meeûs, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium, E-mail: [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Stock Status of the Middle Reach of the Sombreiro River of the Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria
    Scan to know paper details and author's profile Fish Stock Status of the Middle Reach of the Sombreiro River of the Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria Ibim, A.T. & Bongilli, B. University of Port Harcourt ABSTRACT A twenty four week fish survey was conducted to determine the status of the fish species in the middle reach of the Sombreiro River in Rivers State. The results revealed a composition of 31 species from 20 families, from a total fish catch of 40,509. The Cluepeid Sardinella maderensis was the most prominent ​ ​ species followed by the Mugilidae- Liza falcipinnis and Mugil cephalus. There were 13 species that were ​ ​ ​ least, including the Illisha africana. The abundance score showed that some species like the Sardinella ​ maderensis were dominant(D), some Abundant(A), some Few, some Common (C), others like the Lophius. ​ vailanti were Rare (R). The abundance also varied significantly during the period of the study, indicating a ​ seasonal abundance with the 1st to 6th weeks having higher abundance for most species, and then a drop in ​ ​ abundance from the 7th week, when some species became unavailable (Dasyatis margarita), to 24th week ​ ​ ​ ​ when many decreased in abundance. Interestingly, some species increased in number (Pomadasys jubelini , Arius lasticutatus) and some others like Seratherodon melanotheron remained stable. The analysis of ​ ​ variance (ANOVA, P < 0.05) showed that there was significant difference between weeks of the study with the 1st and the 2nd weeks being highly significant, and clusters of weeks signifying the dry season ​ ​ significantly different from the weeks of the rainy season. Keywords: fish species abundance, fish species composition, middle reach of sombreiro river.
    [Show full text]
  • A Revision of Irvine's Marine Fishes of Tropical West Africa
    A Revision of Irvine’s Marine Fishes of Tropical West Africa by ALASDAIR J. EDWARDS Tropical Coastal Management Studies, Department of Marine Sciences and Coastal Management, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom ANTHONY C. GILL Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom and PARCY O. ABOHWEYERE, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Wilmot Point Road, Bar-Beach, P.M.B. 12729, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................1 SHARKS AND RAYS (EUSELACHII) .......................................................................................4 Sixgill and Sevengill sharks (Hexanchidae) ......................................................................................4 Sand tiger sharks (Odontaspididae) .................................................................................................5 Mackerel sharks (Lamnidae) .........................................................................................................5 Thresher Sharks (Alopiidae) ..........................................................................................................7 Nurse sharks (Ginglymostomatidae) ...............................................................................................7 Requiem sharks (Carcharhinidae) ...................................................................................................8
    [Show full text]
  • Fishes of the World
    Fishes of the World Fishes of the World Fifth Edition Joseph S. Nelson Terry C. Grande Mark V. H. Wilson Cover image: Mark V. H. Wilson Cover design: Wiley This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with the respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be createdor extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation.
    [Show full text]
  • A Genome-Scale Approach to Phylogeny of Ray-Finned Fish (Actinopterygii) and Molecular Systematics of Clupeiformes
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Dissertations and Theses in Biological Sciences Biological Sciences, School of August 2007 A Genome-scale Approach to Phylogeny of Ray-finned Fish (Actinopterygii) and Molecular Systematics of Clupeiformes Chenhong Li Univesity of Nebraska, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscidiss Part of the Life Sciences Commons Li, Chenhong, "A Genome-scale Approach to Phylogeny of Ray-finned Fish (Actinopterygii) and Molecular Systematics of Clupeiformes" (2007). Dissertations and Theses in Biological Sciences. 2. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscidiss/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences, School of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses in Biological Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. A GENOME-SCALE APPROACH TO PHYLOGENY OF RAY- FINNED FISH (ACTINOPTERYGII) AND MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS OF CLUPEIFORMES CHENHONG LI, Ph. D. 2007 A Genome-scale Approach to Phylogeny of Ray-finned Fish (Actinopterygii) and Molecular Systematics of Clupeiformes by Chenhong Li A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Major: Biological Sciences Under the Supervision of Professor Guillermo Ortí Lincoln, Nebraska August, 2007 A Genome-scale Approach to Phylogeny of Ray-finned Fish (Actinopterygii) and Molecular Systematics of Clupeiformes Chenhong Li, Ph. D. University of Nebraska, 2007 Adviser: Guillermo Ortí The current trends in molecular phylogenetics are towards assembling large data matrices from many independent loci and employing realistic probabilistic models.
    [Show full text]
  • Diet Composition and Condition Factor of Ethmalosa Fimbriata in the Cross River Estuary
    ISSN: 2276-7762 Impact Factor 2012 (UJRI): 0.7361 ICV 2012: 5.99 Diet Composition and Condition Factor of Ethmalosa fimbriata in the Cross River Estuary By George U. U. Idung J. U. Andem A. B. Okorafor K. A. Mowang D. Greener Journal of Biological Sciences ISSN: 2276-7762 Vol. 3 (6), pp. 244-252, August 2013. Research Article Diet Composition and Condition Factor of Ethmalosa fimbriata in the Cross River Estuary *George U. U., Idung J. U., Andem A. B., Okorafor K. A., Mowang D. Department of Zoology & Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Calabar. *Correspondence Author’s Email: [email protected], Phone: 08032625310 ABSTRACT The food and feeding habits of Ethmalosa fimbriata in the Cross River Estuary was studied between November and January, 2011. Result revealed that the species feed mostly on food from plant origin, although food from animal materials was also identified. A total of 120 plant materials (31.49%) were consumed by the species, algae 58 (15.22%), diatoms 44 (11.54%), Food from animal origin encounter in the gut of the species as incidental diets components included fish eggs 22 (5.71%), fish scales 14 (3.67%), fish bones 17 (4.95%), and Aquatic insects part 40 (10.49%). Unidentified food items encountered in the gut of the species during the study were 16 (3.67%), mud/sand particles 50 (13.12%) and detritus which could not be enumerated. The condition factor calculated for the species varied during the studies period with a mean value of 2.0 in November, 3.10 in December and 1.98 in January.
    [Show full text]
  • Growth Patterns and Condition Factor Of
    Aquacu nd ltu a r e s e J i o r u e r h n s a i l F Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal Kareem et al., Fish Aquac J 2016, 7:3 ISSN: 2150-3508 DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000178 Research ar Research Article Open Access Growth Patterns and Condition Factor of Hepsetus odoe (Bloch, 1794) Captured in Eleyele Lake, Southwest Nigeria Kareem OK1*, Olanrewaju AN2, Osho EF1, Orisasona O3 and Akintunde MA4 1Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, University of Ibadan, Nigeria 2Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, P.M.B 1060, Maiduguri, Nigeria 3Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Management, Osun State University, Nigeria 4National University of Lesotho, Department of Agriculture, Roma 120, Kingdom of Lesotho, Southern Africa *Corresponding author: Kareem OK, Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries Management, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, Tel: +234 905 920 8261; E-mail: [email protected] Received date: 09 May, 2016; Accepted date: 20 July, 2016; Published date: 02 August, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Kareem OK, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Hepsetus odoe is a commercially valuable fish and is considered as endemic to Nigeria. The growth patterns and condition factor of Hepsetus odoe from Lake Eleyele, Oyo State were investigated as an aspect of its biology Hepsetus odoe is a commercially valuable fish and is considered as endemic to Nigeria. The growth patterns and essential for bringing it to culture.
    [Show full text]
  • Swimbladder Evolution of Longfin Herrings (Pristigasteridae, Teleostei)
    Zoological Studies 57: 39 (2018) doi:10.6620/ZS.2018.57-39 Open Access Swimbladder Evolution of Longfin Herrings (Pristigasteridae, Teleostei) Sébastien Lavoué1,5,*, Sahat Ratmuangkhwang2, Hsuan-Ching Ho3, Wei-Jen Chen1, and Mohd Nor Siti Azizah4 1Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan 2Andaman Coastal Research Station for Development, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Suksamran, Ranong 85120, Thailand 3National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan 4Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Malaysia 5Open Researcher and Contributor, ID: 0000-0003-4798-6666 (Received 20 April 2018; Accepted 2 July 2018; Published 31 August 2018; Communicated by Hin-Kiu Mok) Citation: Lavoué S, Ratmuangkhwang S, Ho HC, Chen WJ, Siti Azizah MN. 2018. Swimbladder evolution of longfin herrings (Pristigasteridae, Teleostei). Zool Stud 57:39. doi:10.6620/ZS.2018.57-39. Sébastien Lavoué, Sahat Ratmuangkhwang, Hsuan-Ching Ho, Wei-Jen Chen, and Mohd Nor Siti Azizah (2018) Longfin herrings form a monophyletic, circumtropically distributed family of mostly marine teleost fishes, the Pristigasteridae (Clupeoidei), that includes 38 species classified into nine genera and three main lineages (the Pelloninae, Pristigasterinae, and the genus Ilisha). The external morphology and osteology of the Pristigasteridae provide only a few, sometimes conflicting, informative characters which makes it difficult to reconstruct their phylogeny, but their swimbladder (a visceral gas-filled chamber that has several important functions in the Teleostei) appears to be highly specialized and variable among species. In particular, the swimbladder of most Indo-West Pacific pristigasterid species exhibits one or paired post-coelomic extensions, whereas New World species do not.
    [Show full text]
  • Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis
    Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis CCLME Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA) ADVANCE COPY The Global Environment Facility (GEF) unites 182 countries in partnership with international institutions, civil society organizations (CSOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the private sector to address global environmental issues while supporting national sustainable development initiatives. An independent financial mechanism, the GEF provides grants for projects related to biodiversity, climate change, international waters, land degradation and chemicals and waste. Created in 1991, today GEF is the largest public funder of projects to improve the global environment. GEF has achieved a strong track record with developing countries and countries with economies in transition, providing US$9.2 billion in grants and leveraging US$40 billion in co-financing for over 2 700 projects in over 168 countries. www.thegef.org. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations with 194 member nations, two associate members and one member organization, the European Union. Achieving food security for all is at the heart of FAO’s efforts − to make sure people have regular access to enough high-quality food to lead healthy and active lives. FAO’s mandate is to improve nutrition, increase agricultural productivity, raise the standard of living in rural populations and contribute to global economic growth. FAO’s activities comprise five main areas: • Putting information within reach and supporting the transition to sustainable agriculture. • Strengthening political will and sharing policy expertise. • Bolstering public-private collaboration to improve smallholder agriculture. • Bringing knowledge to the field. • Supporting countries to prevent and mitigate risks.
    [Show full text]
  • Red List of Marine Bony Fishes of the Eastern Central Atlantic
    The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species The IUCNRedListof Akanbi Williams and DeMorais,Jean-ChristopheVié Tito EmilieStump,MorSylla,Luis Aboubacar Sidibe,WilliamSmith-Vaniz, Sayer, Catherine Sagna, Alphonse Russell, Barry Quartey, Richmond Poss, Stuart Pollock, Caroline Nunoo, E. K. Francis Beh, Mve Hervé Jean Christi Linardich, Ken Lindeman, Ebou Mass Mbye, Jean Egard Mikolo, Monteiro, Vanda Jean Bernard Mougoussi, Thomas Munroe, Heather Harwell, Craig Andrew Hilton-Taylor, Hines, Alexander P. Hulley, Tomio Iwamoto, Steen Knudsen, Jean De Dieu Lewembe, Antony S. Harold, Comeros-Raynal, Godefroy De Bruyne, Madeleine Diouf, Roger Djiman, Mathieu Ducrocq, Ofer Gon, T. Collette, Mia B. Bruce Cissoko, Kadiatou Camara, Hawa Youssouf Camara, Abdallahi Mohamed Khairdine Buchanan, Jack Nguema, Bi Bibang Noel Beth Polidoro, Gina Ralph, Kyle Strongin, Michael Harvey, Kent Carpenter, Titus Ayo Adeofe, Rachel Arnold, Paul Bannerman, Jean ATLANTIC EASTERN CENTRAL FISHESOFTHE RED LISTOFMARINEBONY TM EASTERN CENTRAL ATLANTIC IUCN Rue Mauverney 26 CH 1196 Gland Switzerland Tel: +41 22 999 0000 Fax: + 41 22 999 0015 www.iucn.org/redlist www.iucnredlist.org RED LIST OF MARINE BONY FISHES OF THE EASTERN CENTRAL ATLANTIC Beth Polidoro, Gina Ralph, Kyle Strongin, Michael Harvey, Kent Carpenter, Titus Ayo Adeofe, Rachel Arnold, Paul Bannerman, Jean Noel Bibang Bi Nguema, Jack Buchanan, Khairdine Mohamed Abdallahi Camara, Youssouf Hawa Camara, Kadiatou Cissoko, Bruce B. Collette, Mia T. Comeros-Raynal, Godefroy De Bruyne, Madeleine Diouf, Roger Djiman, Mathieu Ducrocq, Ofer Gon, Antony S. Harold, Heather Harwell, Craig Hilton-Taylor, Andrew Hines, P. Alexander Hulley, Tomio Iwamoto, Steen Knudsen, Jean De Dieu Lewembe, Christi Linardich, Ken Lindeman, Ebou Mass Mbye, Jean Egard Mikolo, Vanda Monteiro, Jean Bernard Mougoussi, Thomas Munroe, Jean Hervé Mve Beh, Francis K.
    [Show full text]