DOCSLIB.ORG

European Landscape Character Areas

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
European Landscape Character Areas European Landscape Character Areas European Landscape Character Areas EuropeanEuropean LandscapeLandscape In recent years, Landscape Character Assessment has become central to the sustainable development and management of land. It is recognised as an important tool for policy makers and stakeholders, which provides them with quantitative and CharacterCharacter AreasAreas qualitative evidence to reach a dynamic management adjustable to new demands of regional identity. In response to this need, the expert network LANDSCAPE EUROPE launched the European Landscape Character Assessment Initiative (ELCAI). The goal of the project was to review state-of-the-art landscape character assessment Typologies, Cartography and Indicators for the at the national and international level and to analyse the role of policies and stakeholders at various levels. Synthesising the results of an international Assessment of Sustainable Landscapes stakeholder workshop and of research activities in14 participating countries, this richly illustrated final report provides a detailed account of all findings and presents recommendations for future applications. Edited by Dirk M. Wascher Edited by Dirk M. Wascher LANDSCAPE EUROPE Landscape Europe Secretariat, Alterra Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen (The Netherlands) European Landscape Character Areas Typologies, Cartography and Indicators for the Assessment of Sustainable Landscapes Final Project Report Project: FP5 EU Accompanying Measure Contract: ELCAI-EVK2-CT-2002-80021 Home page: www.elcai.org Co-ordinator: Dirk Wascher i This report is based on the EU Accompanying Measure Project “European Landscape Character Assessment Initiative” (ELCAI). Alterra Report No. 1254/December 2005 © LANDSCAPE EUROPE 2005 This publication should be cited as follows: Wascher, D.M. (ed). 2005. European Landscape Character Areas – Typologies, Cartography and Indicators for the Assessment of Sustainable Landscapes. Final Project Report as deliverable from the EU’s Accompanying Measure project European Landscape Character Assessment Initiative (ELCAI), funded under the 5th Framework Programme on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development (4.2.2), x + 150 pp. Published by LANDSCAPE EUROPE in collaboration with ELCAI project partners: Alterra, The Netherlands Norwegian Institute for Landscape Inventory (NIJOS), Norway Landscape Alliance Ireland (LAI), Ireland Institute of Ecology and Conservation Biology (IECB), University of Vienna, Austria Swiss Federal Institute of Forest, Snow and Landscape (WSL), Switzerland Institut National de la Recherch Agronomique (INRA), France Czech Agricultural University Prague (CAU), Czech Republic University of Western Hungary (UWH), Hungary Autonomous University of Madrid (AUM), Spain Centre for Agricultural Landscape and Land Use Research (ZALF), Germany European Centre for Nature Conservation (ECNC), The Netherlands National Environmental Research Institute (NERI), Denmark Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig Halle (UFZ), Germany University of Nottingham, England Institute of Nature Conservation (INB), Belgium University of Évora, Portugal Available from LANDSCAPE EUROPE Secretariat: Marion Bogers, Alterra Wageningen UR, PO Box 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen (The Netherlands) Phone: +31 317 474610 Fax: +31 317 419000 E-mail: [email protected] Cover design: NatureBureau International, using images from the editor Designed by: NatureBureau International, 36 Kingfisher Court, Hambridge Road, Newbury, Berkshire RG14 5SJ, UK Printed by Information Press, Oxford, UK No part of this publication may be reproduced or published in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the written permission of LANDSCAPE EUROPE The European Commission assumes no liability for any losses resulting from the use of the opinions or recommendations in this report. http://www.landscape-europe.net ii Contents Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................................... vii Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................................... viii 1. Landscape character: linking space and function (D.M. Wascher) 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Historical roots and future perspectives ............................................................................................................. 1 1.3 The ELCAI project implementation ..................................................................................................................... 2 2. Recent developments in mapping Europe’s landscapes (D.M. Wascher, G. Groom, C.A. Mücher and A. Kindler) 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 2.2 The biogeographic context ................................................................................................................................ 5 2.3 International landscape maps ............................................................................................................................ 8 2.3.1 World Map of Present-day Landscapes .................................................................................................... 8 2.3.2 The Global Anthropic Systems Map ........................................................................................................ 10 2.3.3 The Dobríš Landscape Map by Meeus ................................................................................................... 11 2.3.4 ENVIP Nature – Natura 2000 .................................................................................................................. 11 2.3.5 EEA Dominant Landscape Types ............................................................................................................ 12 2.4 National and regional maps and typologies ..................................................................................................... 13 2.4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 13 2.4.2 National and regional approaches reviewed in ELCAI ............................................................................. 16 2.4.3 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................ 25 2.5 A new integrated international approach: LANMAP ......................................................................................... 26 2.5.1 Objectives and challenges ...................................................................................................................... 26 2.5.2 Selection of European data sets ............................................................................................................. 27 2.5.3 Methodology ........................................................................................................................................... 28 2.5.4 The landscape typology .......................................................................................................................... 28 2.5.5 Results .................................................................................................................................................... 30 2.6 Conclusions ..................................................................................................................................................... 30 3. Methodological review of existing classifications (G. Groom) 3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 32 3.2 Data analysis .................................................................................................................................................... 34 3.3 Results ............................................................................................................................................................. 34 3.3.1 Modes of LCA work ................................................................................................................................34 3.3.2 The structural properties of the topologies and/or mappings of landscape character units .................... 36 3.3.3 The factors used to make LCA ............................................................................................................... 38 3.3.4 The methods used to make LCA ............................................................................................................ 39 3.3.5 Analytical integration of LCA ‘factors’ and ‘methods’ – the FM matrix .................................................... 39 3.4 Discussion ........................................................................................................................................................ 41 3.4.1 General discussion: modalities and patterns ........................................................................................... 41 3.4.2 What is the SOTA of European LCA? ....................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Domestic Space and Religious Practices in Mid-Sixteenth-Century Antwerp
    _full_alt_author_running_head (neem stramien B2 voor dit chapter en nul 0 in hierna): 0 _full_articletitle_deel (kopregel rechts, vul hierna in): “In Their Houses” _full_article_language: en indien anders: engelse articletitle: 0 108 Chapter 3 Chapter 3 “In Their Houses”: Domestic Space and Religious Practices in Mid-Sixteenth-Century Antwerp The Procession to Calvary (1564) is one of sixteen paintings by Pieter Bruegel the Elder listed in the inventory of Niclaes Jonghelinck’s collection prepared in early 1566. Alongside The Tower of Babel, this panel exemplifies Jonghelinck’s predilection for large biblical narratives, which functioned as discursive exem- pla within the secular space of his suburban villa. Displayed alongside Brue- gel’s series of the Months, Floris’s Banquet of the Gods, The Labors of Hercules, and allegories of the Seven Liberal Arts and the Three Theological Virtues, The Tower of Babel and The Procession to Calvary complemented those images’ more universal meaning by kindling a conversation about Antwerp’s current affairs. While The Tower of Babel addressed the socioeconomic transformation of the city, The Procession to Calvary registered the ongoing development of new types of religious practices, and the increasing dissatisfaction with official church and civic rituals. Bruegel’s composition engages with those changes by juxtaposing two artistic idioms. The panel is dominated by a visually rich multi figured view of the crowd following Christ to Golgotha, assisted by sol- diers in sixteenth-century Spanish uniforms and mixed with random passers- by who happen to be taking the same route on their way to Jerusalem. These contemporary witnesses of Christ’s passion contrast sharply with a group in- troduced by Bruegel in the foreground to the right.
    [Show full text]
  • Wines of Alentejo Varieties by Season Sustainability Program (WASP) 18 23 24
    Alentejo History Alentejo The 8 sub-regions of DOC the 'Alentejo' PDO 2 6 8 'Alentejano' Grape Red Grape PGI Varieties Varieties 10 13 14 The Alentejo White Grape Viticulture Season Wines of Alentejo Varieties by Season Sustainability Program (WASP) 18 23 24 Wine Tourism Alentejo Wine Grapes used in Gastronomy Wines of Alentejo blends 26 28 30 Facts and Guarantee Figures of Origin 33 36 WINES OF ALENTEJO UNIQUE BY NATURE CVRA - COMISSÃO VITIVINÍCOLA REGIONAL ALENTEJANA Copy: Rui Falcão Photographic credits: Nuno Luis, Tiago Caravana, Pedro Moreira and Fabrice Demoulin Graphic design: Duas Folhas With thanks to Essência do Vinho The AlentejoWINE REGION There is something profoundly invigorating and liberating about the Alentejo landscape: its endlessly open countryside, gently undulating plains, wide blue skies and distant horizons. The landscape mingles with the vines and cereal crops – an ever-changing canvas of colour: intensely green towards the end of winter, the colour of straw at the end of spring, and deep ochre during the final months of summer. 1 All over the Alentejo there are archaeological markers suggesting that wine has Historybeen an important part of life up to the present day. Whilst it is not known exactly when wine and viticulture was introduced to the Alentejo, there is plenty of evidence that they were already part of the day-to-day life in the Alentejo by the time the Romans arrived in the south of Portugal. It is thought that the Tartessians, an ancient civilisation based in the south of the Iberian Peninsula and heirs of the Andalusian Megalithic culture, were the first to domesticate vineyards and introduce winemaking principles in the Alentejo.
    [Show full text]
  • … Simply Beautiful About the Uckermark
    … Simply beautiful About the uckermArk Area: 3,o77 km2 ++ Population: 121,o14 ++ Population density: 39 inhabitants per km2 – one of the most sparsely populated areas in Germany ++ 5 % of the region is covered by water (compared with 2.4 % of Germany as a whole) ++ The Uckermark border to Poland runs mainly along the River Oder and is 52 km long. the uckermark – naturally What we want to do: Eco-friendly holidays Enable low-impact tourism close to nature Ensure products and services are high quality Create lasting natural and cultural experiences Generate value for the region What you can do: Treat nature with respect Buy regional products With its freshwater lakes, woodland swamps, Stay in climate-friendly accommodation natural river floodplains, and rare animals and Go by train, bicycle, canoe or on foot, and plants, almost half of the Uckermark is desig- treat your car to a break nated a protected landscape. We want to safe- guard this landscape for future generations. Our nature park and national park partners feel a close connection to these conservation areas, run their businesses sustainably and focus on high-quality services, including guid- ed canoe trips, eco-friendly accommodation, and regional cuisine. As winners of the Germany-wide competition holidaying in the uckermark: 1 Taking a break in the Uckermark Lakes Nature Park 2 Horses in the Uckermark meadows for sustainable tourism, we strive to achieve 3 Relaxing with a book by the Oberuckersee lake near Potzlow 4 Discovering nature 5 Places with history 6 Regional products long-term, sustainable goals. Large image: Canoe trip in the Lower Oder Valley National Park – starting off near Gartz 2 The Uckermark – naTURALLY The Uckermark – naTURALLY 3 enjoy nature Space to breathe NAture protectioN zoNes ANd LAkes The Uckermark Lakes Natural Park is a huge net- work of lakes with 1oo km of waterways for canoeists, more than 5o freshwater lakes and optimal nesting condi- tions for ospreys.
    [Show full text]
  • Monastic Waste Disposal in the Late Middle Ages – a Subaquatic Debris and Garbage Dump at the Lakeside Lavatory of Seehausen (Uckermark)
    FASCICULI ARCHAEOLOGIAE HISTORICAE FASC. XXXII, PL ISSN 0860-0007 DOI 10.23858/FAH32.2019.005 FELIX BIERMANN*, KATRIN FREY** MONASTIC WASTE DISPOSAL IN THE LATE MIDDLE AGES – A SUBAQUATIC DEBRIS AND GARBAGE DUMP AT THE LAKESIDE LAVATORY OF SEEHAUSEN (UCKERMARK) Abstract: The Cistercian nunnery of Seehausen (Uckermark), existing from the 13th to the 16th century, offers interesting insights into the organisation of waste disposal in late medieval monasteries. At the shore of the neighbouring lake posts and timbers of a platform were discovered, and around it hundreds of complete ceramic vessels and numerous other finds were recovered. Moreover, debris which was rich in medieval finds was also dumped at the shore of the lake. The subaquatic finds document two different aspects of monastic waste disposal: part of the material was littered at a lakeside lavatory over a long time, while the other part, together with the debris, was disposed of after a fire disaster in the monastery which is recorded for 1445. The Seehausen find complex, which is currently analysed within the framework of a research project, is discussed as part of the issue of the role of waters for medieval monastic waste management. Keywords: Seehausen, Cistercian nunnery, monasteries, late Middle Ages, waste disposal Received: 30.08.2019 Revised: 14.10.2019 Accepted: 16.10.2019 Citation: Biermann F., Frey K. 2019. Monastic Waste Disposal in the Late Middle Ages – a Subaquatic Debris and Garbage Dump at the Lakeside Lavatory of Seehausen (Uckermark). “Fasciculi Archaeologiae Historicae” 32, 71-85, DOI 10.23858/FAH32.2019.005 Waste disposal in a medieval monastery streams could be led through the monasteries, in order Medieval monasteries were often very clean: in the to supply water and for disposal purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • Grundstücksmarktbericht 2019 Für Den Landkreis Uckermark
    Gutachterausschuss für Grundstückswerte im Landkreis Uckermark Grundstücksmarktbericht 2019 Landkreis Uckermark Mohnfeld bei Polßen im Nationalpark Unteres Odertal ___________________________________________________________________________ Grundstücksmarktbericht Landkreis Uckermark 2019 ___________________________________________________________________________ Bericht über die Entwicklung des Grundstücksmarktes für den Landkreis Uckermark 2019 ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Grundstücksmarktbericht Landkreis Uckermark 2019 ___________________________________________________________________________ Impressum Herausgeber Gutachterausschuss für Grundstückswerte im Landkreis Uckermark Geschäftsstelle beim Kataster- u. Vermessungsamt Dammweg 11 16303 Schwedt/Oder Telefon: 0 3332 / 580 2314 Telefax: 0 3332 / 580 2350 E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: www.gutachterausschuesse-bb.de Berichtszeitraum 01.01.2019 bis 31.12.2019 Datenerhebung Für den Bericht wurden alle bis zum 31.12.2019 abgeschlossenen Kaufverträge ausgewertet, die bis zum 15. Februar 2020 in der Geschäftsstelle eingegangen sind. Datum der Veröffentlichung April 2020 Bezug Als PDF-Dokument oder Druckexemplar in der Geschäftsstelle des Gutachterausschusses (Kontaktdaten siehe oben). Als PDF-Dokument auch im Internetshop GEOBROKER, http://geobroker.geobasis-bb.de. Gebühr kostenfrei im automatisierten Abrufverfahren, Druckexemplar 40,-EUR 1 Titelfoto Geschäftsstelle
    [Show full text]
  • From Patinir's Workshop to the Monastery of Pedralbes. a Virgin
    https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/locus.323 LOCVS AMŒNVS 16, 2018 19 - 57 From Patinir’s Workshop to the Monastery of Pedralbes. A Virgin and Child in a Landscape Rafael Cornudella Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [email protected] Reception: 05/04/2018, Acceptance: 23/06/2018, Publication: 04/12/2018 Abstract Among the paintings of netherlandish origin imported into Catalonia during the first half of the 16th century, preserved at the Monastery of Pedralbes, there is a small panel featuring the Madonna and Child in a landscape which is attributed here to Patinir’s workshop, not excluding the possibility of some autograph intervention by the master. Whatever the case, this article sets out to situate the piece both in the context of its production and in that of its reception, that is, the community of nuns of Saint Claire of Pedralbes. What is interesting about this apparently modest work is the fact that it combines a set of ingredients typical of Patinir in a composition that is otherwise atypical as regards his known output as a whole, above all in terms of the relationship between the figure and the landscape, although also of its presumed iconographic simplicity. The final section of the article examines the piece in relation to the ever-controver- sial issue –which still remains to be definitively resolved– of the authorship of the figures in the works of Patinir. Keywords: Joachim Patinir; 16th Century Netherlandish Painting; landscape painting; The Virgin suckling the Child; The Rest during the Flight into Egypt; Monastery of Santa Maria de Pedralbes Resum Del taller de Patinir al monestir de Pedralbes.
    [Show full text]
  • (EU) 2021/335 of 23 February 2021 Amending the Annex To
    25.2.2021 EN Offi cial Jour nal of the European Uni on L 66/5 COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION (EU) 2021/335 of 23 February 2021 amending the Annex to Implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1809 concerning certain protective measures in relation to outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza in certain Member States (notified under document C(2021) 1386) (Text with EEA relevance) THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION, Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, Having regard to Council Directive 89/662/EEC of 11 December 1989 concerning veterinary checks in intra-Community trade with a view to the completion of the internal market (1), and in particular Article 9(4) thereof, Having regard to Council Directive 90/425/EEC of 26 June 1990 concerning veterinary checks applicable in intra-Union trade in certain live animals and products with a view to the completion of the internal market (2), and in particular Article 10(4) thereof, Having regard to Council Directive 2005/94/EC of 20 December 2005 on Community measures for the control of avian influenza and repealing Directive 92/40/EEC (3), and in particular Article 63(4) thereof, Whereas: (1) Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1809 (4) was adopted following outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in holdings where poultry or other captive birds were kept in certain Member States and the establishment of protection and surveillance zones by those Member States in accordance with Council Directive 2005/94/EC. (2) Implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1809 provides that the protection and surveillance zones established by the Member States listed in the Annex to that Implementing Decision, in accordance with Directive 2005/94/EC, are to comprise at least the areas listed as protection and surveillance zones in that Annex.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to the Autonomia of Extremadura
    Spain Badajoz Cáceres Extremadura Contents Getting to Know Extremadura 1 A Tour of its Cities Cáceres 8 Plasencia 10 Badajoz 12 Mérida 14 Travel Routes through Extremadura The Three Valleys 16 United Los Ibores, Guadalupe Kingdom and Las Villuecas 19 Dublin Sierra de Gata and Las Hurdes 21 Ireland London The Route of the Conquistadors 23 La Raya 24 Through Lands of Wine Paris and Artisans 27 La Serena, La Siberia and their Reservoirs 29 France The Silver Route 31 Leisure and Events 33 Cantabrian Sea Useful Information 36 Spain Portugal Madrid Cáceres Lisbon Badajoz Mediterranean Extremadura Sea Melilla Ceuta Rabat Morocco Atlantic Ocean Canary Islands CIUDAD RODRIGO 8 km SALAMANCA 36 km AVILA 9 km SALAMANCA MADRID 72 km MADRID 74 km SONSECA 49 km Casares Cepeda ÁVILA de las Hurdes El Ladrillar Las Mestas Piedrahita Nuñomoral Vegas de Béjar Burgohondo San Martín Sabugal 1367 Coria Riomalo de Valdeiglesias Robledillo Jañona Descargamaría Pinofranqueado Baños de Montemayor El Barco de Avila Sotillo de S.Martín Aldeanueva Valverde Casar de Hervás la Adrada Fundão de Trevejo Gata Marchagaz Palomero del Camino del Fresno Cadalso Arenas de Penamacor Acebo Emb. de Tornavacas Eljas Torre de Palomero Gabriel y Galán Cabezuela Jerte San Pedro Hoyos D. Miguel Trevejo Pozuelos Ahigal del Valle Jarandilla Villanueva 630 El Torno de Zarzón Aldeanueva de la Vera de la Vera Madrigal Cilleros Emb. de 110 de la Vera Borbollón P Losar Valverde Moraleja Carcaboso Garganta P Piornal Cuacos de Yuste de la Vera Montehermoso la Olla Plasencia Pasarón Jaráiz Las Ventas de la Vera Coria Galisteo de la Vera Talayuela de San Julián Talavera de la Reina Malpartida Navalmoral Zarza la Mirabel de Plasencia Torrejoncillo de la Mata CASTELO BRANCO Mayor T Casatejada OLEDO 33 km L L Ceclavín Oropesa T OLEDO Piedras Acehuche Portezuelo Serradilla Emb.
    [Show full text]
  • Gramzow Oberuckersee FFH-Gebiet DE 2849-302- Melzower Forst FFH
    3150 FFH-Gebiet DE 3150 Oberuckersee 2849-302- Blatt LK Uckermark 3150 01/323150 Melzower Forst 3150 3150 3150 3150 9190 91E0 FFH-Gebiet 9160 DE 2749-323- Großer 3150 Kuhsee bei Gramzow 3150 3150 3150 Fischotter 9130 3150 3150 3150 2749SO 3150 91E0 Br.Langohr, BB 28 Gr.Abendsegler, 3150 Gr.Mausohr*, 9110 Mückenfledermaus, Rauhhautfledermaus, 3150 Wasserfledermaus 9130 9110 3150 9130 9130 3140 3150 9130 3140 3140 91D1 91D1 9110 OPAL 9130 9130 3150 Variante Neumeichow-West 9110 9130 FFH-Gebiet DE 9130 2849-302- Melzower Forst Gramzow 9130 LK Uckermark BB 29 3150 3150 9130 9160 3140 3150 91E0 3150 3150 3150 3150 9170 9130 9160 2849NO 2850NW 9130 Zwergfledermaus 9130 Br.Langohr, Fransenfledermaus, 9130 - E Gr.Abendsegler, 3140 Gr.Bartfledermaus, Gr.Mausohr*, 3150 Mückenfledermaus, 9160 9130 3150 Rauhhautfledermaus, 9130 Wasserfledermaus Variante Eberswalde 9130 7140 9170 9130 9130 9130 BB 30 91D1 Rotbauchunke 9130 2 x DN 1400 Verfahrensunterlagen zum Raumordnungsverfahren 3150 Unterlage D - NATURA 2000-Vorstudie/ Verträglichkeitsstudie 1. Stufe 9130 Bestand FFH-Gebiete Maßstab 1: 10.000 Plananlage DII.6 9130 9130 Laubfrosch Datum Name Brandenburg Ausgabeformat: DIN A3 Blatt 01 3150 Bearb. 02.12.2016 Ernst Ing.- und Planungsbüro Carl-Peschken-Str. 12 LANGE GbR 47441 Moers 9130 Laubfrosch Gepr. 06.12.2016 Speich 0 80 160 240 Tel.: +49 2841 7905 - 0 9130 Freig. 06.12.2016 Höhlschen m Fax +49 2841 7905 - 55 9130 3150 9170 Email: [email protected] Stand 28.11.2016 www.langegbr.de 9130 © GeoBasis-DE/ BKG 2015/2016 powered by geoGLIS oHG (©2016),
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Landscape in Venetian Painting, 1475-1525
    THE EVOLUTION OF LANDSCAPE IN VENETIAN PAINTING, 1475-1525 by James Reynolds Jewitt BA in Art History, Hartwick College, 2006 BA in English, Hartwick College, 2006 MA, University of Pittsburgh, 2009 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2014 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH KENNETH P. DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by James Reynolds Jewitt It was defended on April 7, 2014 and approved by C. Drew Armstrong, Associate Professor, History of Art and Architecture Kirk Savage, Professor, History of Art and Architecture Jennifer Waldron, Associate Professor, Department of English Dissertation Advisor: Ann Sutherland Harris, Professor Emerita, History of Art and Architecture ii Copyright © by James Reynolds Jewitt 2014 iii THE EVOLUTION OF LANDSCAPE IN VENETIAN PAINTING, 1475-1525 James R. Jewitt, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2014 Landscape painting assumed a new prominence in Venetian painting between the late fifteenth to early sixteenth century: this study aims to understand why and how this happened. It begins by redefining the conception of landscape in Renaissance Italy and then examines several ambitious easel paintings produced by major Venetian painters, beginning with Giovanni Bellini’s (c.1431- 36-1516) St. Francis in the Desert (c.1475), that give landscape a far more significant role than previously seen in comparable commissions by their peers, or even in their own work. After an introductory chapter reconsidering all previous hypotheses regarding Venetian painters’ reputations as accomplished landscape painters, it is divided into four chronologically arranged case study chapters.
    [Show full text]
  • Canada-EU Wine and Spirits Agreement
    6.2.2004 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 35/3 AGREEMENT between the European Community and Canada on trade in wines and spirit drinks THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, hereafter referred to as ‘the Community', and CANADA, hereafter jointly referred to as ‘the Contracting Parties', RECOGNISING that the Contracting Parties desire to establish closer links in the wine and spirits sector, DESIROUS of creating more favourable conditions for the harmonious development of trade in wine and spirit drinks on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS: TITLE I — ‘labelling' shall mean any tag, brand, mark, pictorial or other descriptive matter, written, printed, stencilled, marked, embossed or impressed on, or attached to, a INITIAL PROVISIONS container of wine or a spirit drink, Article 1 — ‘WTO Agreement' refers to the Marrakesh Agreement establishing the World Trade Organisation, Objectives 1. The Contracting Parties shall, on the basis of — ‘TRIPs Agreement' refers to the Agreement on trade-related non-discrimination and reciprocity, facilitate and promote aspects of intellectual property rights, which is contained trade in wines and spirit drinks produced in Canada and the in Annex 1C to the WTO Agreement, Community, on the conditions provided for in this Agreement. 2. The Contracting Parties shall take all reasonable measures — ‘1989 Agreement' refers to the Agreement between the to ensure that the obligations laid down in this Agreement are European Economic Community and Canada concerning fulfilled and that the objectives set out in this Agreement are trade and commerce in alcoholic beverages concluded on attained. 28 February 1989. Article 2 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Caraterização Do Concelho De Barrancos
    Caraterização do concelho de Barrancos Barrancos é uma vila localizada na região do Baixo Alentejo, distrito de Beja. Possui uma área com 168,43 km2 e cerca de 1834 habitantes (censos de 2011). Barrancos é o Município com menor população do continente e o terceiro menos povoado de Portugal. O concelho situa-se numa localização geográfica periférica, fator fortemente indutor de isolamento social. Contudo, como já tivemos oportunidade de referir, em inúmeras ocasiões, Barrancos é uma porta de entrada no país e, simultaneamente, uma porta de entrada na Europa. Localização geográfica O concelho é limitado a norte e a leste pelos Municípios espanhóis de Oliva de La Frontera e Valencia del Mombuey (província de Badajoz) e de Encinasola (província de Huelva), a sul e oeste pelo Município de Moura e a Noroeste pelo Município de Mourão. A vila de Barrancos, dista 21 Kms de Santo Aleixo da Restauração (Moura), a povoação portuguesa mais próxima, Amareleja e Safara, estão a aproximadamente 26 Kms, Moura a 50 Kms e a sede de distrito, Beja, a 110 Kms. Lisboa, a capital fica a cerca de 250 Kms. A população A população residente no concelho acompanha a tendência dos municípios de baixa densidade do interior do país. Em cerca de cinquenta anos, Barrancos perdeu metade da sua população, evolução que coloca o Município perante uma realidade severa de despovoamento. A entrada neste novo século colocou Barrancos com um número de habitantes inferior a dois mil, isto é, entre o recenseamento da população de 1991 e os dados de 2016, Barrancos perdeu 260 habitantes. Segundo o Anuário estatístico da Região Alentejo (INE 2018), estima-se que a população de Barrancos seja de 1669 habitantes em 31/12/2017.
    [Show full text]