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Iconography KAPSARC Mosque

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Iconography KAPSARC Mosque ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY Iconography As node and center of the KAPSARC residential community, the mosque creates an iconic and contemplative space of worship, reflection and repose. A unique and contemporary space, the design is forward looking, yet firmly rooted in traditional, local and cultural precedents. KAPSARC Mosque Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ◄ mosque entry forecourt ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY N KAPSARC master plan ▲ 2 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC N mosque site plan ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 15 11 N 15 5 ◄ mezzanine level plan 3 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC 14 9 1 main prayer hall early concept model ▲ 6 2 foyer 3 women's shoe storage 4 men's shoe storage 7 5 minaret 6 glass bridge 7 reflecting pool 3 8 men's ablution 9 women's ablution 10 imam's office 13 7 162 12 11 mezzanine prayer level 12 forecourt 13 rear court 4 14 support 15 roof 7 6 8 5 10 14 N ◄ ground level plan early concept sketch ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 4 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC early concept rendering ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY model photograph ▲ 5 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC exterior skin rendering ▲ east elevation | front court rendering ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY early concept I interior rendering ▲ 6 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC east-west section ▲ final concept I interior rendering ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 7 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC east entry forecourt ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 8 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC view from community center ▲ minaret with view south to Princess Nourah University ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 9 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC west elevation | rear court ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 10 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC main entryway ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY Materiality The mosque’s facade is a careful juxtaposition of architectural motifs and elements, namely: • Solid versus Void • Monolithic versus Delicacy skin type “d” [exterior exoskeleton] ▲ 11 skin type “c” [structure] ▲ KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC skin type “b” [sound attenuation] ▲ facade detail ▲ skin type “a” [interior surface] ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 12 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC exterior views | forecourt ▲ exterior views | main entry ▲ exterior views | minaret ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 13 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC 8 1 sloped glazing 2 monorail 3 cast-in-place concrete 4 stone cladding 9 10 5 cassette glazing system 6 fly-by structure 7 mashrabiya screen 8 interstitial space 9 facade lighting 10 reflecting pool exterior | facade detail ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 14 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC exterior | aluminum and steel cassette framing system for curtain wall ▲ exterior | forecourts protected with limestone enclosure walls ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 15 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC limestone site walls ▲ study model photograph ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 16 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC interior | main prayer hall ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 17 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC interior | view from mezzanine level ▲ interior | corner detail ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 18 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC interior | mashrabiya panels of glass-reinforced gypsum ▲ interior | ceiling panels of coated aluminum ▲ interior | miyrab wall and minbar ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY interior | entry hall ▲ 19 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC interior | men’s ablution area ▲ interior | bronze screen panels and mosaic tiles on mihrab wall ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY Transcendence The local and cultural precedent [the mashrabiya] along with indigenous Arabic patterns are reinterpreted as screening and shading devices to create transcendence in architecture. 20 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC forecourt at dusk ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 21 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC mosque community garden ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 22 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC reflecting pool | entry ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 23 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC evening prayer ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 24 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC landscape and public amenities ▲ symbolically crossing from the profane to the sacred ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 25 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC interior | main prayer hall ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY 26 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC mosque as lantern in the landscape ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY Sustainability The mosque contains a series of moves to integrate sustainable design into the building. Two of these strategies are integral into the building’s form. 27 KAPSARC MOSQUE KAPSARC First, the building was designed with a 5-sided mass wall of cast-in-place Second, the building was designed with an interstitial space between the concrete that is 500mm thick. The mass walls provide energy efficiency mass wall and the curtain wall. This space is used to reject heat from the through mass rather than insulation value. The mass allows them to store mechanical units, located in the basement. The units exhaust air into the energy during the day and release it through the night. In the right climate, bottom of this space, which is vented at the back of the upper parapet, such as Saudi Arabia, they can be a better choice than walls that are thereby creating a ventilated double skin for the project. lightly framed and heavily insulated. These walls have minimal openings; they are punctuated with small openings to bring patterns of natural light into the mosque but allow little heat gain. mosque in the landscape ▲ ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY WATER 28 Water is an extremely precious resource in Saudi MOSQUE KAPSARC Arabia. KAPSARC is designed to retain water in the natural cycle. 42% Water is drawn from wells on site and treated Percent reduction of to potable standards, regulated potable water moving through the community via high performance flush and flow fixtures. Wastewater is treated in the Sewage Treatment Plant shared with the adjacent university. In Phase 2 wastewater will be treated at KAPSARC campus in a 100% constructed wetland. 100% Waste water reused on site of wastewater from the KAPSARC campus is treated to tertiary standards and returned for non-potable uses, such as irrigation, cleaning and makeup. ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY ENERGY Solar energy is abundant in Saudi Arabia. But before relying on renewable energy, it’s critical to reduce demand. The mosque is designed to be asenergy 29 efficient as possible, employing high performance thermal envelopes, mechanical systems, lighting and equipment. Daylight and heat gain control are an MOSQUE KAPSARC integral part of the building architecture, filtering solar radiation as well as providing privacy with louvers and the more traditional mashrabiya. Strategies such as sensors and controls, energy recovery ventilation and natural daylighting augment efficient envelopes and systems. Energy performance was also emphasized in the construction process. Extensive commissioning for the mosque ensures performance of envelope and energy systems. 55% Solar energy is harvested through rooftop solar Regional Energy Reduction thermal hot water panels and a 5 MW solar farm at the west end of the campus. The solar farm is built with room for expansion as the KAPSARC community grows, positioned to be Net Zero Energy at full build out. Current solar energy meets 35% of demand, demonstrating Saudi Arabia’s movement from fossil fuels towards its alternative energy economy. ICONOGRAPHY | MATERIALITY | TRANSCENDENCE | SUSTAINABILITY MATERIALS Construction materials for KAPSARC were selected for their local availability, constructability and reduced waste. The mosque is structured with concrete frame and concrete wall infill, readily available using local aggregate, sand and fly ash. The concrete construction 30 –coupled with rigid foam insulation – provides a high performance thermal envelope, reducing external energy loads. MOSQUE KAPSARC Finish materials were sourced locally wherever possible 21% (21.5% by cost). Materials were of finish materials were selected for durability, recycled content, locally sourced regional sourcing, indoor air quality impacts, performance, and beauty. Building envelopes were commissioned to eliminate opportunities for infiltration and exfiltration, thermal bridging and moisture control issues. Building materials were selected to be low- and no-emitting, including paints, coatings, adhesives, sealants, flooring, composite wood, ceiling and wall materials. Indoor air quality was maintained during construction through vigilant housekeeping, construction best practices and advanced filtration. IAQ testing prior to occupancy confirmed low levels of VOC emissions, CO2, formaldehyde and particulates..
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