ifjpkf;dk AN INTRODUCTORY GUIDE foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ka DEPARTMENTALLY RELATED STANDING COMMITTEES
yksd lHkk lfpoky;] ubZ fnYyh LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT, NEW DELHI foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ka DEPARTMENTALLY RELATED STANDING COMMITTEES
ifjpkf;dk AN INTRODUCTORY GUIDE
yksd lHkk lfpoky; LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT ubZ fnYyh@NEW DELHI ebZ@May, 2019 lfefr leUo; 'kk[kk lañ 56 CCB No. 56
pkSFkk laLdj.k ebZ] 2019 Fourth Edition: May, 2019
© 2019 yksd lHkk lfpoky;@LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT yksd lHkk ds izfØ;k rFkk dk;Z&lapkyu fu;eksa ¼lksygoka laLdj.k½ ds fu;e 382 ds v/khu izdkf'kr rFkk izcaèd] Hkkjr ljdkj eqnz.kky;] feUVks jksM] ubZ fnYyh&110 002 }kjk eqfnzrA Published under Rule 382 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha (Sixteenth Edition) and Printed by the Manager, Government of India Press, Minto Road, New Delhi-110 002. vkeq[k
;g iqfLrdk yksd lHkk lfpoky; dh foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds xBu] dk;Z vkSj izfØ;k ds lanHkZ gsrq ,d lgt lqyHk iqfLrdk ds :i esa gSA ;g eq[;r% lfefr ds u;s lnL;ksa dh lqfo/kk vkSj ekxZfunsZ'k ds fy, gSA 2- iqfLrdk esa varfoZ"V tkudkjh yksd lHkk ds izfØ;k rFkk dk;Z&lapkyu fu;eksa] izfØ;k fu;eksa ds rgr v/;{k }kjk tkjh funs'kksa] foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds vkarfjd dk;Ziz.kkyh fu;ekas rFkk lqLFkkfir izfØ;kvksa vkSj ijEijkvksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA lacaf/kr fu;eksa] funs'k vkSj lfefr ds vkarfjd dk;Ziz.kkyh fu;eksa dks ifjf'k"Vkssa esa iqu% m)`r fd;k x;k gS ftudk iw.kZ vkSj fo'oluh; tkudkjh gsrq voyksdu fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj mu ij Hkjkslk fd;k tk ldrk gSA
ubZ fnYyh( Lusgyrk JhokLro] 13 ebZ] 2019 egklfpoA 23 oS'kk[k] 1941 ¼'kd½
(iii) PREFACE
This Introductory Guide is intended to serve as a handy Guide for ready reference to the constitution, functions and procedure of the Departmentally Related Standing Committees (DRSCs) serviced by the Lok Sabha Secretariat. It is meant primarily for the facility and guidance of the new members of the Committee. 2. The information contained in the Introductory Guide is based on the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha, Directions issued by the Speaker under the Rules of Procedure, Internal Working Rules of the DRSCs and established practices and conventions. Relevant Rules, Directions and the Internal Working Rules of the Committee have been reproduced in the Appendices and may be referred to and relied upon for full and authentic information.
NEW DELHI; SNEHLATA SHRIVASTAVA, 13 May, 2019 Secretary-General. 23 Vaisakha, 1941 (Saka)
(iv) fo"k;&lwph i`"B ,d- foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa dh mRifÙk] dk;Z{ks= vkSj d`R; mRifÙk ------1 dk;Z{ks= vkSj d`R; ------9 nks- lfefr dk xBu vkSj dk;Zdky xBu ------10 ea=h lfefr dk lnL; ugha gksxk ------10 lHkkifr dh fu;qfDr ------10 in dk dk;Zdky ------10 lfefr ls R;kxi=------11 vkdfLed fjfDr;ksa dk Hkjk tkuk ------11 lfefr dh cSBdksa ls vuqifLFkr lnL; dks gVkuk------11 fdlh tkapk/khu fo"k; esa lnL; ds O;fDrxr] vkfFkZd vFkok izR;{k fgr dh ?kks"k.kk ------11 rhu- LFkk;h lfefr;ksa dk dk;Zdj.k lkekU; ------12 vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa dh tkap laca/kh izfØ;k------12 fo/ks;dksa ij fopkj djus laca/kh izfØ;k ------13 nh?kkZof/k ljdkjh uhfr;ksa laca/kh nLrkost ------13 okf"kZd fjiksVZ@fo"k; ------13
(v) (vi) i`"B tkap gsrq fo"k;ksa dk p;u ------13 izfrosnu vkSj dk;Zokgh lkjka'k ------14 mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny dh fu;qfDr ------14 la;kstdksa@oSdfYid la;kstdksa dh fu;qfDr------14 v/;;u nyksa@mi&lfefr;ksa ds d`R;------14 ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa@vU; laxBuksa rFkk xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa ls lkexzh@lwpuk eaxkuk ------15 lnL;ksa dks lkexzh ifjpkfyr djuk ------16 lfefr esa izkIr dh xbZ lkexzh ehfM;k vFkok fdlh vU; O;fDr dks ugha fn;k tkuk ------16 vfr xqIr@xqIr nLrkostksa dk ifjpkyu ------16 ^vfrxqIr*@ ^xqIr*@ ^xksiuh;* nLrkostksa ij fopkj djus dh izfØ;k------16 fyf[kr tkudkjh gsrq iz'u&lwph ------17 v/;;u nkSjs------17 la;kstd ds drZO; ------17 v/;;u nkSjksa ds nkSjku ikyu dh tkus okyh ifjikVh ------18 nkSjk laca/kh fVIi.k ------19 pkj- lfefr;ksa dh cSBdsa lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u nyksa dh cSBdksa dk dk;ZØe------20 cSBdksa dk LFky ------20 lHkk dh cSBd ds le; lfefr dh cSBdksa dk le;------20 lfefr dh cSBdksa dks vafre le; esa jn~n fd;k tkuk ------21 (vii) i`"B cSBdksa ds fy, x.kiwfrZ ------21 lfefr dh cSBd esa ehfM;k dk izos'k oftZr ------21 lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds vykok vU; O;fDr;ksa dk ckgj pyk tkuk ------21 lfefr esa fu.kZ; ------22 lHkkifr }kjk ernku fd;k tkuk ------22 jkT; fo/kkueaMyksa bR;kfn ds lnL;ksa dks] tgka lk{; fy;k tk jgk gS] mu cSBdksa esa Hkkx ysus dh vuqefr ------22 ikap- lk{; xSj&ljdkjh lkf{k;ksa@laxBuksa dk lk{; ------23
ljdkjh lkf{k;ksa dk lk{;—lacaf/kr ea=ky;@foHkkx ds lfpo dk lfefr ds le{k mifLFkr gksuk ------23 Kkiu eaxkuk rFkk jkT; ljdkj ds inkf/kdkfj;ksa dks lfefr ds le{k lk{; nsus ds fy, mifLFkr gksus dk vuqjks/k djuk ------23 ekSf[kd tkap gsrq iz'u ------24 lkf{k;ksa ds c;ku ysus dh izfØ;k------24 lkf{k;ksa }kjk fn, x, oDrO; ------24 lfefr ds erHksnksa dks ysdj lkf{k;ksa ds le{k ppkZ ugha ------24 ekSf[kd lk{; ds nkSjku vYi egRo okys ekeyksa ij ppkZ ugha dh- tkrh------25 ea=ky;@foHkkx ls fyf[kr tkudkjh ekaxuk ------25 dkfeZdksa ls lacaf/kr tkudkjh ------25 ljdkjh lkf{k;ksa ds izfr lnL;ksa dk joS;k ------25 lkf{k;ksa }kjk mfpr vkpj.k dk ikyu fd;k tkuk ------25 (viii)
i`"B lk{;ksijkar fyf[kr lwpuk eaxkuk ------26 Ng- cSBdksa dh dk;Zokgh rFkk dk;Zokgh lkjka'k dk;Zokgh dk fjdkWMZ ------27 lfefr dh dk;Zokgh xksiuh; le>h tk, ------27 lnL;ksa rFkk lkf{k;ksa }kjk dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar lgh fd;k tkuk ------27 dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar esa ls 'kCnksa vkfn dk fudkyk tkuk ------27 dk;Zokgh dsoy lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks gh fn[kkbZ tk, ------27 dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar dk eqnz.k u fd;k tk, ------28 dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar dks laln Hkou ds ckgj ugha ys tkuk ------28 dk;Zokgh lkjka'k dk izk:i rFkk ifjpkyu ------28 lkr- izfrosnu izk:i izfrosnu dk izk:i rS;kj djuk] ifjpkfyr djuk rFkk ml ij fopkj djuk ------29 izfrosnu dks vafre :i nsuk rFkk izLrqr djuk ------29 vkB- lfefr dh flQkfj'kksa dks ykxw djuk ea=ky;ksa vkfn dks izfrosnu ifjpkfyr djuk vkSj flQkfj'kksa ij dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ n'kkZus okys fooj.k ekaxuk------31 dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ izfrosnu ------31 fo/ks;d¼dksa½ laca/kh izfrosnu ij fopkj djus dh izfØ;k ------32 lfefr ds izfrosnuksa ij ea=h }kjk oDrO; ------32 (ix) i`"B
dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ laca/kh fooj.kksa dks lHkk iVy ij j[kuk ------32 ukS- lkekU; lHkkifr ds nkf;Ro vkSj 'kfDr;ka ------33 lfefr dks izLrqr nLrkostksa ls vlalnh; 'kCn] okD;ka'k vFkok vfHkO;fDr;ksa dk fudkyk tkuk------33 lfefr dk viw.kZ dk;Z ------34 v/;{k dh funs'k nsus dh 'kfDr ------34 nl- ijEijk,a lfefr ds ikl igys ls miyC/k tkapk/khu fo"k; dh tkap djus ds fy, ljdkj }kjk lfefr dh fu;qfDr ------35 lfefr;ksa ds fopkjk/khu fo"k; dks lHkk esa mBkus ij izfrca/k ------36 lwpuk dk xqIr j[kk tkuk ------36 lHkkifr }kjk ehfM;k dks tkudkjh nsuk ------36 izsl uksV ------36 lk{kh ds :i esa lnL;ksa dk mifLFkr gksuk ------36 ifjf'k"V ,d- foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds laca/k esa yksd lHkk ds izfØ;k rFkk dk;Z&lapkyu laca/kh fu;eksa ¼lksygoka laLdj.k½ ls m)j.k ------38 nks- foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds dk;Zdj.k ds 'kkflr djus okys lalnh; lfefr;ksa ls lacaf/kr lkekU; fu;eksa ds m)j.k ;Fkk fu;e 253 ls 286 -- 42 rhu- yksd lHkk ds v/;{k }kjk foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ij ykxw funs'kksa ¼ukSoka laLdj.k½ ds funs'k dk m)j.k ------51 (x)
i`"B pkj- foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ¼yksd lHkk½ ds izfØ;k fu;e ¼vkarfjd dk;Z iz.kkyh½ ------53 ifjf'k"V pkj ds vuqca/k
(i) fofHkUu mi&lfefr;ksa@v/;;u nyksa ds d`R; ------62
(ii) vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ds fy, i`"Bk/kkj lkexzh ¼ftUgsa foHkkx@ea=ky; }kjk izLrqr fd;k tkuk gS½ esa 'kkfey fd, tkus okys ¯cnq ------63
(iii) vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ds fy, izkjafHkd lkexzh ¼ftUgsa foHkkx@ea=ky; }kjk izLrqr fd;k tkuk gS½ esa 'kkfey fd, tkus okys ¯cnq ------64
(iv) ea=ky;@foHkkx }kjk izLrqr dh tkus okyh izkjafHkd lkexzh ¼vU; fo"k;ksa ds fy,½ esa 'kkfey fd, tkus okys ¯cnq ------66
(v) ea=ky;@foHkkx }kjk fo/ks;dksa dh tkap ls lacaf/kr nh tkus okyh i`"Bk/kkj lkexzh esa lfEefyr fd, tkus okys ¯cnq ------67 ikap- lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds nkSjksa ds laca/k esa yksd lHkk v/;{k }kjk tkjh ekxZfunsZ'k ------68 Ng- lkFkh dks nkSjs ij ys tkus gsrq v/;{k dh 'kfDr;ksa dk lHkkifr dks izR;k;kstu ------81 lkr- lHkh nLrkostksa@i=ksa] lnL;ksa dks izk:i izfrosnuksa lfgr lHkh nLrkost@i=@izfrosnu vkfn bysDVªksfud :i esa@lkaln bZ&iksVZy ds ek/;e ls ifjpkfyr fd;k tkuk------82
foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ka ,d- foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa dh mRifÙk] dk;Z{ks= vkSj d``R; mRifÙk xr o"kks± esa ljdkjh xfrfof/k;ksa esa vHkwriwoZ o`f) gks tkus ds dkj.k] laln iz'kklfud vkSj foÙkh; tokcnsgh lqfuf'pr djus dh viuh izeq[k Hkwfedk ds fuokZg esa Lo;a dks dqN v'kDr ik jgh FkhA le; dh deh ds dkj.k fofHkUu ea=ky;ksa ds cM+s&cM+s ctVh; vkoaVu Hkh laln esa i;kZIr ppkZ fd, fcuk ikfjr fd, tk jgs FksA mnkgj.kkFkZ 1989 esa dsoy 3 ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa dh vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij ppkZ gqbZ vkSj 34 ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa dh ekaxksa dks fxyksVhu dj fn;k x;kA 2- o"kZ 1978 esa Hkkjr ds fo/kk;h fudk;ksa ds ihBklhu vf/kdkfj;ksa ds lEesyu esa bl eqís ij fopkj&foe'kZ fd;k x;k FkkA ubZ fnYyh esa tuojh] 1984 esa vk;ksftr rhljh {ks=h; jk"VªeaMy lalnh; la?k fopkjxks"Bh esa Hkh ;g ekeyk tksj&'kksj ls izdk'k esasa yk;k x;kA bl ekeys ij 1984 esa dydÙkk esa vk;ksftr ihBklhu vf/kdkfj;ksa ds lEesyu esa iqu% ppkZ gqbZA rnqijkar] yksd lHkk dh fu;e lfefr us vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa dh er&foHkktu iwoZ laoh{kk gsrq 9 rnFkZ lfefr;ka cukus ds izLrko ij fopkj fd;kA ijarq] dksbZ vafre fu.kZ; ug… fy;k tk ldkA 3- vkBo… yksd lHkk ds vafre eghuksa esa ctV lfefr;ksa ds xBu ds izLrko ij vafre fu.kZ; gksus ls igys gh lfefr iz.kkyh dks lqn`<+ cukus vkSj vf/kd izHkkoh 8- lnL;ksa vkSj lfpoky; dh Hkwfedk dks js[kkafdr djrs gq,] rRdkyhu mi&jk"Vªifr us dgk%— ^^lfefr;ka dsoy ,d ra= gS gesa muesa tku Mkyuh gS vkSj blds fy, u dsoy lnL;ksa dh iw.kZ vkSj cqf)eÙkkiw.kZ Hkkxhnkjh pkfg, cfYd lfpoky; }kjk Hkh viuk l'kDr leFkZu iznku fd;k tkuk pkfg,A** 9- lekjksg esa cksyrs gq, rRdkyhu iz/kkuea=h] Jh ihñohñ ujflag jko us dgk%— ^^lfefr;ka vkt iwjs fo'o esa lalnksa ds lkaLFkkfud Øe lañ lfefr dk uke ea=ky;@foHkkx ¼nks½ yksd m|e foHkkx ¼2½ lw{e] y?kq vkSj e/;e m|e 5- foKku rFkk izkS|ksfxdh] i;kZoj.k ¼1½ foKkku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh vkSj ou laca/kh lfefr ¼,d½ foKku vkSj izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx ¼nks½ oSKkfud vkSj vkS|ksfxd vuqla/kku foHkkx ¼rhu½ tSo izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx ¼2½ varfj{k foHkkx ¼3½ i`Foh foKkku ¼4½ ijek.kq ÅtkZ foHkkx ¼5½ i;kZoj.k] ou vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu 6- ifjogu] i;ZVu vkSj laLd`fr laca/kh ¼1½ ukxj foekuu lfefr ¼2½ lM+d ifjogu vkSj jktekxZ ¼3½ iksr ifjogu ¼4½ laLd`fr ¼5½ i;ZVu 7- LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k laca/kh ¼1½ LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k lfefr ¼,d½ LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k foHkkx ¼nks½ LokLF; vuqla/kku foHkkx ¼2½ vk;qosZn] ;ksx vkSj izkd`frd fpfdRlk] ¼2½ ;wukuh] fl) vkSj gksE;ksiSFkh ¼vk;q"k½ 8- dkfeZd] yksd f'kdk;r] fof/k vkSj ¼1½ fof/k vkSj U;k; U;k; laca/kh lfefr ¼,d½ fof/kd ekeys foHkkx 6 Øe lañ lfefr dk uke ea=ky;@foHkkx ¼nks½ fo/kk;h foHkkx ¼rhu½ U;k; foHkkx ¼2½ dkfeZd] yksd f'kdk;r rFkk isa'ku ¼,d½ dkfeZd vkSj izf'k{k.k foHkkx ¼nks½ iz'kklfud lq/kkj vkSj yksd ¼nks½ f'kdk;r foHkkx ¼rhu½ isa'ku vkSj isa'kuHkksxh dY;k.k ¼rhu½ foHkkx Hkkx & nks 9- d`f"k laca/kh lfefr ¼1½ d`f"k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k ¼,d½ d`f"k] lgdkfjrk vkSj fdlku ¼,d½ dY;k.k foHkkx ¼nks½ d`f"k vuqla/kku vkSj f'k{kk foHkkx ¼2½ eRL;ikyu] i'kqikyu vkSj Ms;jh ¼,d½ eRL;ikyu foHkkx ¼nks½ i'kqikyu vkSj Ms;jh foHkkx ¼3½ [kk| izlaLdj.k m|ksx 10- lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh laca/kh lfefr ¼1½ lapkj ¼,d½ Mkd foHkkx ¼nks½ nwjlapkj foHkkx ¼2½ bysDVªkWfudh vkSj lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh ¼3½ lwpuk vkSj izlkj.k 11- j{kk laca/kh lfefr ¼1½ j{kk ¼,d½ j{kk foHkkx 7 Øe lañ lfefr dk uke ea=ky;@foHkkx ¼nks½ j{kk mRiknu foHkkx ¼rhu½ j{kk vuqla/kku vkSj fodkl foHkkx ¼pkj½ HkwriwoZ lSfud dY;k.k foHkkx 12- ÅtkZ laca/kh lfefr ¼1½ uohu vkSj uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ ¼2½ fo|qr 13- fons'kh ekeyksa laca/kh lfefr fons'k ea=ky; 14- foÙk laca/kh lfefr ¼1½ foÙk ¼,d½ vkfFkZd dk;Z foHkkx ¼nks½ O;; foHkkx ¼rhu½ foÙkh; lsok,a foHkkx ¼pkj½ fuos'k vkSj yksd vkfLr izca/ku ¼pkj½ foHkkx ¼ikap½ jktLo foHkkx ¼2½ dkWikZsjsV dk;Z ¼3½ ;kstuk ¼4½ lkaf[;dh vkSj dk;ZØe dk;kZUo;u 15- [kk|] miHkksDrk ekeys vkSj ¼1½ miHkksDrk ekeys] [kk| vkSj lkoZtfud lkoZtfud forj.k laca/kh lfefr forj.k ¼,d½ miHkksDrk ekeys foHkkx ¼nks½ [kk| vkSj lkoZtfud forj.k 16- Je laca/kh lfefr ¼1½ Je rFkk jkstxkj ¼2½ dkS'ky fodkl vkSj m|ferk ¼3½ oL= 17- isVªksfy;e vkSj izkd`frd xSl laca/kh isVªksfy;e vkSj izkd`frd xSl lfefr 18- jsy laca/kh lfefr jsy 8 Øe lañ lfefr dk uke ea=ky;@foHkkx 19- 'kgjh fodkl laca/kh lfefr vkoklu vkSj 'kgjh dk;Z ty 'kfDr 20- ty lalk/ku laca/kh lfefr ¼,d½ ty lalk/ku] unh fodkl vkSj xaxk iqu#)kj ¼nks½ is;ty vkSj LoPNrk 21- jlk;u vkSj moZjd laca/kh lfefr ¼1½ jlk;u vkSj moZjd ¼,d½ jlk;u vkSj isVªks&jlk;u foHkkx ¼nks½ moZjd foHkkx ¼rhu½ vkS"kf/k foHkkx 22- xzkeh.k fodkl laca/kh lfefr ¼1½ xzkeh.k fodkl ¼,d½ xzkeh.k fodkl foHkkx ¼nks½ Hkwfe lalk/ku foHkkx ¼2½ iapk;rh jkt 23- dks;yk vkSj bLikr laca/kh lfefr ¼1½ dks;yk ¼2½ [kku ¼3½ bLikr 24- lkekftd U;k; vkSj vf/kdkfjrk ¼1½ lkekftd U;k; vkSj vf/kdkfjrk laca/kh lfefr ¼,d½ lkekftd U;k; vkSj ¼,d½ vf/kdkfjrk foHkkx ¼nks½ fnO;kaxtu l'kDrhdj.k foHkkx ¼2½ tutkrh; dk;Z ¼3½ vYila[;d ekeys 12- mijksDr Hkkx&,d vkSj Hkkx&nks esa fofufnZ"V lfefr;ka Øe'k% jkT; lHkk ds lHkkifr vkSj yksd lHkk ds v/;{k ds funs'kksa ds varxZr dk;Z djrh g®A 9 dk;Z{ks= vkSj d``R; 13- yksd lHkk ds izfØ;k rFkk dk;Z lapkyu fu;eksa ds fu;e 331?k ds varxZr yksd lHkk lfpoky; }kjk lsok iznÙk LFkk;h lfefr;ka izR;sd o"kZ xfBr dh tkrh g®A LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds mís'; vkSj d`R;ksa dks fu/kkZfjr djus okys fu;e ifjf'k"V&,d esa iqu% m)`r fd;s x;s g®A 14- izR;sd LFkk;h lfefr ds fuEufyf[kr d``R; gSa% — ¼d½ lacaf/kr ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa dh vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij fopkj djuk vkSj muds laca/k esa lHkkvksa dks izfrosnu izLrqr djukA izfrosnu esa fdlh izdkj ds dVkSrh izLrkoksa dk lq>ko ug… fd;k tk;sxk( ¼[k½ lacaf/kr ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa ls lacaf/kr ,sls fo/ks;dksa dh tkap djuk tks jkT; lHkk ds lHkkifr vFkok yksd lHkk ds v/;{k] tSlh Hkh fLFkfr gks] }kjk lk®is x;s g® muds laca/k esa izfrosnu izLrqr djuk( ¼x½ ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa ds okf"kZd izfrosnuksa ij fopkj djuk vkSj muds laca/k esa izfrosnu izLrqr djuk( vkSj ¼?k½ nksuksa lnuksa esa izLrqr jk"Vªh; vk/kkjHkwr nh?kkZof/k uhfr laca/kh nLrkostksa] tks jkT; lHkk ds lHkkifr ;k yksd lHkk ds v/;{k] tSlh Hkh fLFkfr gks] }kjk lfefr dks lk®is x;s gksa] ij fopkj djuk vkSj mu ij izfrosnu izLrqr djukA 15- LFkk;h lfefr;ka lacaf/kr ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa ds fnu&izfrfnu ds iz'kklu ds ekeyksa ij fopkj ug… djrh g®A ;s lfefr;ka lkekU;r% vU; lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds fopkjk/khu ekeyksa ij Hkh fopkj ug… djrhaA [fu;e 331³ ¼2½ rFkk 331³ ] 16- lalnh; lfefr;ka lkekU;r% vU; lalnh; lfefr;ksa }kjk fopkj fd;s x;s ekeyksa ij fopkj ug… djsaxhA ¼fu;e 331³ ½ nks- lfefr dk xBu vkSj dk;Zdky xBu 17- 13oha yksd lHkk rd] izR;sd LFkk;h lfefr esa 45 lnL; gksrs Fks ftuesa 30 lnL; yksd lHkk ds lnL;ksa esa ls yksd lHkk v/;{k }kjk ukefufnZ"V fd;s tkrs Fks vkSj 15 lnL; jkT; lHkk ds lnL;ksa esa ls jkT; lHkk ds lHkkifr }kjk ukefufnZ"V fd, tkrs FksA rFkkfi] tqykbZ] 2004 esa foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds iquxZBu ds ckn vc foHkkxksa ls lac) izR;sd LFkk;h lfefr esa 31 lnL;] yksd lHkk ds 21 lnL; vkSj jkT; lHkk ds 10 lnL; gksrs g®A bu lfefr;ksa esa fofHkék nyksa@lewgksa dk izfrfufèRo laln ds nksuksa lnuksa esa muds lnL;ksa dh la[;k ds vuqikr esa gksrk gSA [fu;e 331?k ¼1½] ea=h lfefr dk lnL; ugha gksxk 18- fdlh Hkh ea=h dks lfefr dk lnL; ukefufnZ"V ugha fd;k tkrk gSA ;fn dksbZ lnL; fdlh lfefr ds fy, ukefufnZ"V gksus ds ckn ea=h fu;qDr fd;k tkrk gS] rks ,slh fu;qfDr dh rkjh[k ls og lfefr dk lnL; ugha jgrk gSA [fu;e 331?k ¼2½] lHkkifr dh fu;qfDr 19- yksd lHkk ds izfØ;k rFkk dk;Z lapkyu fu;eksa dh ikapoha vuqlwph ds Hkkx&,d esa fofufnZ"V izR;sd LFkk;h lfefr ds lHkkifr dh fu;qfDr jkT; lHkk ds lHkkifr }kjk rFkk Hkkx&nks esa fofufnZ"V izR;sd lfefr ds lHkkifr dh fu;qfDr yksd lHkk v/;{k }kjk lfefr ds lnL;ksa esa ls dh tkrh gSA [fu;e 331?k ¼3½] 20- ;fn fdlh dkj.k ls lHkkifr dk;Z djus esa leFkZ ugha gS rks v/;{k mlds LFkku ij nwljk lHkkifr fu;qDr dj ldrk gSA [fu;e 258¼2½] 21- ;fn fdlh cSBd esa lHkkifr mifLFkr ugha gS rks lfefr ml cSBd ds fy, lHkkifr ds :i esa dk;Z djus gsrq fdlh vU; lnL; dks pqurh gSA [fu;e 258 ¼3½] in dk dk;Zdky 22- lfefr ds lnL;ksa dk dk;Zdky ,d o"kZ ls vfèd ugha gksxkA [fu;e 331?k ¼4½] 10 11 lfefr ls R;kxi= 23- lnL; R;kxi= ml lHkk ds ihBklhu vfèdkjh dks lacksfèr djds vius in ls R;kxi= ns ldrk gS ftlls og lacafèr gksA [fu;e 257 ¼1½] rduhdh fo'ks"kKk@ijke'kZnkrk vkfn dks lac) djuk 24¼d½- LFkk;h lfefr;ka vko';d gksus ij izfrosnu dks rS;kj djus ls iwoZ fo'ks"kKksa dk er vFkok turk dk er ys ldrh gSaA vU; izko/kku 24¼[k½- flok; mu ekeyksa ds ftuds fy, LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ls lacaf/kr fu;eksa esa fo'ks"k izkoèku fd, x, gSa] jkT; lHkk esa vU; lalnh; lfefr;ksa ij ykxw lkekU; fu;e ikapoha vuqlwph ds Hkkx&,d esa fufnZ"V LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ij Hkh ijLij :i ls ykxw gksaxs vkSj yksd lHkk esa vU; lalnh; lfefr;ksa ij ykxw lkekU; fu;e mDr vuqlwph ds Hkkx&nks esa fufnZ"V LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ij Hkh ykxw gksaxsA vkdfLed fjfDr;ksa dks Hkjk tkuk 25- lfefr esa vkdfLed fjfDr dh iwfrZ] blds gksus ds i'pkr~ ;FkklaHko 'kh?kz fdlh u, lnL; ds ukefunsZ'ku ls dh tk,xh vkSj bl izdkj ukefunsZf'kr dksbZ lnL; ml dkykofè rd in èkj.k djsxk] ftlds fy, og lnL; ftlds LFkku ij og ukefunsZf'kr gqvk gS] lkekU;r;k in èkj.k djrkA [fu;e 254¼3½] lfefr dh cSBdksa ls vuqifLFkr lnL; dks gVkuk 26- ;fn dksbZ lnL; lfefr dh yxkrkj nks ;k vfèd cSBdksa ls lHkkifr dh vuqKk ds fcuk vuqifLFkr jgs rks ,sls lnL; dks ml lHkk ds ihBklhu vfèdkjh }kjk dk;ZeqDr fd;k tk ldrk gS ftlls og lacafèr gksA [fu;e 260] fdlh tkapkèhu fo"k; esa lnL; ds O;fDrxr] vkfFkZd vFkok izR;{k fgr dh ?kks"k.kk 27- tgka fdlh lfefr ds lnL; dk fdlh fo"k; esa] ftl ij lfefr }kjk fopkj fd;k tkuk gks] O;fDrxr] vkfFkZd vFkok izR;{k fgr gks] rks og mlesa vius fgr dks lfefr ds lHkkifr ds }kjk v/;{k dks crk nsxkA v/;{k ekeys ij fopkj djus ds i'pkr~ viuk fu.kZ; nsaxs tks vafre gksxkA [funs'k 52&d] rhu- LFkk;h lfefr;ksa dk dk;Zdj.k lkekU; 28- yksd lHkk ds izfØ;k rFkk dk;Z lapkyu fu;e&lksygoka laLdj.k ¼ifjf'k"V&,d½ ds fu;e 331x ls 331< ds varxZr doj ugha gksus okys ekeys ds lacaè esa LFkk;h lfefr;ksa dk dk;Zdj.k lalnh; lfefr;ksa ls lacafèr lkekU; fu;eksa }kjk 'kkflr gksxk ¼uker% fu;e 253 ls 286½ifjf'k"V&nksA ;g fu;e vkxs v/;{k }kjk fu;e 389 ds rgr tkjh funs'kksa }kjk rFkk lfefr }kjk fu;e 281 vkSj 282 ds rgr lfefr }kjk cukbZ xbZ izfØ;kvksa vkSj vU; fu;eksa }kjk vuqiwfjr gksaxsA LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds lacaè esa dfri; fo'ks"k funs'kksa dk lkj ifjf'k"V&rhu esa fn;k x;k gSA 29- LFkk;h lfefr;ksa us Hkh viuh vkarfjd izfØ;k ds fy, foLr`r fu;e cuk, g®A ;g fu;e yksd lHkk ds izfØ;k ,oa dk;Z lapkyu fu;eksa ds izkoèkuksa ds vuqiwjd g® vkSj mDr fu;eksa ds fu;e 282 ds ifjizs{; esa v/;{k }kjk Lohd`r fd, x, g®A 30- lfefr ds izfØ;k fu;e ¼vkarfjd dk;Zdj.k½ ifjf'k"V&pkj esa iqu% m)`r fd, x, g®A vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa dh tkap lacaèh izfØ;k 31- izR;sd LFkk;h lfefr }kjk vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij fopkj djus vkSj mu ij lnuksa dks izfrosnu izLrqr djus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr izfØ;k dk vuqlj.k fd;k tk,xk%— ¼d½ lHkk esa ctV ij lkekU; ppkZ gks pqdus ds i'pkr~ lHkk ,d fuf'pr vofè ds fy, LFkfxr dj nh tk,xh( ¼[k½ lfefr;ka mi;qZDr vofè ds nkSjku lacafèr ea=ky;ksa dh vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij fopkj djsaxh( ¼x½ lfefr;ka mi;qZDr vofè ds nkSjku vius izfrosnu izLrqr djsaxh vkSj blls vfèd le; fn;s tkus dk vuqjksè ugha djsaxh( ¼?k½ lHkk }kjk vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij lfefr;ksa ds izfrosnuksa ds ifjis{; esa fopkj fd;k tk;sxk( vkSj ¼³½ izR;sd ea=ky; dh vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij i`Fkd izfrosnu gksxkA [fu;e 331&N] 12 13 foès;dksa ij fopkj djus lacaèh izfØ;k 32- foHkkxksa ls lEc) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa }kjk foès;dksa dh tkap rFkk muds lacaè esa lHkk dks izfrosnu izLrqr djus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr izfØ;k dk vuqlj.k fd;k tk;sxk%— ¼d½ lfefr;ka] mUgsa lk®is x, foès;dksa ds lkekU; fl)kUrksa rFkk [k.Mksa ij fopkj djsaxh vkSj mu ij lacafèr lHkk dks izfrosnu izLrqr djsaxh( ¼[k½ lfefr fdlh Hkh lHkk esa iqj%LFkkfir dsoy ,sls foès;dksa ij fopkj djsxh ftUgsa] ;FkkfLFkfr] lHkkifr] jkT; lHkk vFkok v/;{k }kjk mls lk®ik tk,( vkSj ¼x½ lfefr fn, x, le; esa foès;dksa ij viuk izfrosnu nsxhA [fu;e 331&t] nh?kkZofè ljdkjh uhfr;ksa lacaèh nLrkost+ 33- foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ka ljdkj ds nh?kkZof/k uhfr nLrkostksa dh Hkh] ;FkkfLFkfr lHkkifr] jkT; lHkk vFkok v/;{k] yksd lHkk }kjk mUgsa Hksts tkus ij tkap dh tkrh gSA LFkk;h lfefr;ksa us vHkh rd dbZ izeq[k jk"Vªh; nh?kkZof/k uhfr;ksa dh tkap dh gS rFkk muds laca/k eas laln esa izfrosnu izLrqr fd, gSa ftuesa fuEufyf[kr 'kkfey gSa — ¼,d½ izk:i d`f"k uhfr ladYi] 1992 ¼nks½ jk"Vªh; d`f"k uhfr ¼rhu½ ubZ nwjlapkj uhfr] 1999 ¼pkj½ jk"Vªh; vkS"k/k uhfr ¼ikap½ jk"Vªh; vkoklu uhfr nh?kkZof/k uhfr;ksa dh tkap dh izfØ;k okf"kZd fjiksVks± ij vk/kkfjr fo"k;ksa ds tkap ds leku gksrh gS tSlk fd vkxkeh iSjkvksa esa crk;k x;k gSA okf"kZd fjiksVZ@fo"k; 34- foHkkxksa ls lEc) LFkk;h lfefr;ka vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa] foès;dksa vkSj uhfr nLrkost+ksa dh tkap djus rFkk mu ij izfrosnu rS;kj djus ds vfrfjDr vius lacafèr ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa ls lacafèr okf"kZd fjiksVks±@fo"k;ksa dh tkap djrh g®A tkap gsrq fo"k;ksa dk p;u 35- xBu ds i'pkr~ igyh gh cSBd esa LFkk;h lfefr;ka lacafèr ea=ky;@foHkkx dh okf"kZd fjiksVks± ds vkèkj ij o"kZ ds nkSjku tkap gsrq fo"k;ksa dk p;u djrh g®A bl mís'; ls LFkk;h lfefr 14 ds le{k ,d Kkiu j[kk tkrk gS ftlesa iwoZorhZ lfefr }kjk iwoZ esa tkap fd, x, fo"k;ksa dk rFkk tks fo"k; o"kZ ds nkSjku tkap ds fy, lfefr }kjk pqus tk ldrs g® mudk fooj.k gksrk gSA Kkiu esa iwoZorhZ lfefr }kjk tkap ds fy, pqus x, fo"k;ksa dh fLFkfr dk fooj.k Hkh fn;k tk,A ijEijk ds vuqlkj lfefr;ka iwoZorhZ lfefr }kjk tkapkèhu fo"k;ksa dks pqurh g® vkSj iwoZorhZ lfefr }kjk NksM+s x, Lrj ls vkxs tkap dk;Z vkjaHk djrh g®A izfronsu vkSj dk;Zokgh lkjka'k 35¼d½- tkap fd, x, fdlh fo"k; ij izR;sd LFkk;h lfefr ds fu"d"kZ mlds izfrosnu esa 'kkfey gksrs gSa ftUgsa lacaf/kr lfefr }kjk Lohdkj fd, tkus vkSj lacaf/kr ea=ky; }kjk rF;kxr lR;kiu ds i'pkr~ lacaf/kr lHkkifr }kjk lacaf/kr lHkkvksa dks izLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA lfefr dh cSBd ds dk;Zokgh lkjka'k dks laxr izfrosnu ds lkFk lHkk ds iVy ij j[kk tkrk gSA LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds izfrosnu lnL;ksa ds e/; O;kid lgefr ij vk/kkfjr gksrs gSaA rFkkfi] lfefr dk dksbZ lnL; izfrosnu ij foer fVIi.k ns ldrk gS ftls izfrosnu ds lkFk lHkk dks izLrqr fd;k tk,xkA mi&lfefr@v/;;u&ny dh fu;qfDr 36- lfefr mlds }kjk o"kZ ds nkSjku pqus x, fo"k;ksa dh foLr`r tkap djus ds fy, ,d ;k vfèd mi&lfefr;ka@v/;;u ny ¼k—½ dh fu;qfDr djrh gSA 37- lfefr vius iwoZ ds izfrosnuksa esa vUrfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa ds lacaè esa ea=ky; }kjk Hksts x, dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh mÙkjksa ij vkSj izk:i dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh izfrosnuksa ij fopkj djus ds fy, ,d mi&lfefr dh fu;qfDr dj ldrh gSA la;kstdksa@oSdfYid la;kstdksa dh fu;qfDr 38- lfefr ds lHkkifr }kjk mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds lnL;ksa esa ls mi&lfefr;ksa@ v/;;u ny¼k—½ ds lHkkifr@la;kstd@oSdfYid la;kstdksa dh fu;qfDr dh tk,xhA v/;;u nyksa@mi&lfefr;ksa ds d`R; 39- LFkk;h lfefr;ka ¼vkarfjd dk;Z iz.kkyh½ fu;e ds vuqcaè&,d esa mi&lfefr;ksa@ v/;;u nyksa ds ;Fkk fuèkZfjr d`R;ksa dks foLrkjiwoZd uhps iqu% izLrqr fd;k tkrk gS%— ^^,d- u, fo"k; ls lacafèr mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ¼ifjf'k"V&pkj½ ds vuqcU/k (i) 1- ea=ky;@foHkkx vkfn }kjk Hksth xbZ i`"Bkèkj@izkjafHkd lkexzh dk xgu v/;;u djukA 15 2- la;kstd ds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ ea=ky;@foHkkx vkfn dks tkjh dh tkus okyh iz'ukoyh rS;kj djukA 3- v/;;u&nkSjs ij tkuk rRlacaèh v/;;u [email protected] rS;kj djukA 4- ea=ky;@foHkkx vkfn ds izfrfufè;ksa dk ekSf[kd lk{; ysukA [;g dk;Z dsoy mi&lfefr ¼mi&lfefr;ksa½ ij ykxw gksrk gSA] 5- mu eq[; eqíksa dks n'kkZuk] ftu ij izk:i izfrosnu rS;kj fd;k tk,A 6- laiw.kZ lfefr dks Hkstus ls iwoZ izk:i izfrosnu ij ppkZ djuk vkSj vuqeksnuA nks- iwoZ izfrosnu ¼izfrosnuksa½ ij ljdkj }kjk dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ ij fopkj djus ls lacafèr mi&lfefr ¼mi&lfefr;ka½ 1- ljdkj ls izkIr mÙkjksa dh tkap djukA 2- mu fo"k;ksa dks n'kkZuk ftu ij dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ lacaèh izk:i izfrosnu rS;kj fd;k tk ldsA 3- laiw.kZ lfefr dks fopkj ds fy, Hkstus ls iwoZ dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ lacaèh izk:i izfrosnu ij ppkZ djuk rFkk mls vuqeksfnr djukA** ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa@vU; laxBuksa rFkk xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa ls lkexzh@lwpuk eaxkuk 40- lfefr dks O;fDr;ksa] i=ksa rFkk vfHkys[kksa dks eaxkus dh 'kfDr izkIr gSA rFkkfi] ;fn dksbZ iz'u mBkrk gS fd D;k fdlh O;fDr dk lk{; ;k fdlh nLrkost dks izLrqr fd;k tkuk lfefr ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, laxr gS ;k ugha rks og iz'u v/;{k dks fufnZ"V fd;k tkrk gS] ftldk fu.kZ; vafre gksrk gSA ljdkj bl vkèkj ij fdlh nLrkost dks is'k djus ls bUdkj dj ldsxh fd mldk izdV fd;k tkuk jkT; dh lqj{kk ;k fgr ds izfrdwy gksxkA ¼fu;e 270½ 41- lqO;ofLFkr ijaijk ds vuqlkj lfefr }kjk ekaxs x, xksiuh; ea=ky; vFkok miØeksa }kjk izFker% lHkkifr dks xksiuh; :i ls miyCè djk, tkrs g®] tc rd lac) ea=h }kjk ;g izekf.kr ugha dj fn;k tkrk fd ,slk nLrkost+ bl vkèkj ij miyCè ugha djk;k tk ldrk fd mls izdV djus ls jkT; dh lqj{kk vFkok fgr ij izfrdwy izHkko iM+sxkA lHkkifr }kjk lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks dksbZ Hkh xksiuh; nLrkost+ miyCè djkus ls iwoZ lacafèr ea=ky;@foHkkx@miØe ds fopkjksa ij leqfpr :i ls fopkj fd;k tkrk gSA bl lacaè esa ea=ky; vkfn rFkk lHkkifr ds chp fdlh izdkj dk erHksn gksus ij bldk fuiVku ppkZ djds fd;k tkrk gS rFkk vafre mik; ds rkSj ij bls v/;{k ds ikl Hkstdj bldk fuiVku fd;k tkrk gSA 16 42- LFkk;h lfefr;ksa }kjk fofHkék fo"k;ksa dh tkap djrs le; lfefr ds lnL;ksa dh lwpuk gsrq izkjafHkd lkexzh lacaèh fu;eksa ¼vkarfjd dk;Z iz.kkyh½ ¼ifjf'k"V pkj] ds vuqcaè ,d ls ikap½ esa fn, x, fcUnqvksa ds vuqlkj lacafèr ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa ls ekaxh tk,xhA 43- lfefr }kjk xSj&ljdkjh laLFkkvksa@O;fDr;ksa vkfn ls] tks fd lfefr }kjk tkap fd, tk jgs fo"k;@{ks= esa tkudkjh j[krs g®] tkapkèhu fo"k;ksa ij Kkiu Hkh ekaxs tk ldrs g®A ¼fu;e 331 B½ lnL;ksa dks lkexzh ifjpkfyr djuk 44- 16oha yksd lHkk ds nkSjku lHkh nLrkostksa@i=ksa@lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds izk:i izfrosnuksa lfgr izfrosnuksa dks lnL; bZ&iksVZy ds ek/;e ls ifjpkyu dks izkjaHk fd;k x;k rFkk bls vxLr] 2016 ls izpkyu'khy fd;k x;k gSA lfefr leUo; 'kk[kk }kjk lHkh lalnh; lfefr 'kk[kkvksa dks tkjh fd, x, fVIi.k dh ,d izfr ifjf'k"V&Ng ds :i eas layXu gSA 44d- ea=ky;@foHkkxksa@laxBuksa@xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa ls izkIr nLrkostksa dks lnL;ksa dks lqfoèktud vkdkj esa muds LFkkuh; irksa ij vkSj lnL;ksa ds bZ&iksVZy }kjk Hkh Hkstk tkrk gSA lfefr esa izkIr dh xbZ lkexzh ehfM;k vFkok fdlh vU; O;fDr dks ugha fn;k tkuk 45- lnL;ksa ds bZ&iksVZy ds ek/;e ls lfefr dks ifjpkfyr lkexzh dks xksiuh; le>k tk,xk rFkk fo"k; ls lacafèr izfrosnu dks lHkk esa izLrqr fd, tkus ls iwoZ mldh fo"k;&oLrq dh tkudkjh fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks ugha nh tk,xh vkSj u gh lfefr] mi&lfefr ds ckgj ,slh lwpuk dk mYys[k fd;k tk,xkA rRi'pkr~ dsoy lHkk iVy ij j[ks x, nLrkost+ksa ;k vfHkys[kksa esa miyC/k tkudkjh dk gh mYys[k fd;k tk,xkA ¼vkarfjd fu;e&8½ vfrxqIr@xqIr nLrkost+ksa dk ifjpkyu 46- tgka vfrxqIr@xqIr@xksiuh; fpf ør nLrkost+ksa dks lnL;ksa dks miyC/k djk;k tkrk gS mls lhy fd, x, fyQkQs esa Hkstk tk,xk rFkk mldh izkfIr&Lohd`fr yh tk,xh] mls lko/kkuhiwoZd j[kus rFkk tc lfefr }kjk mldh tkap gsrq vko';drk u gks rks mls lac) funs'kd@vij funs'kd@mi lfpo dks okil Hkstus dk vuqjks/k fd;k tk,xkA ^vfrxqIr* @ ^xqIr* @ ^xksiuh;* nLrkost+ksa ij fopkj djus dh izfØ;k 47- tc vfrxqIr@xqIr@xksiuh; fpf ør i= vFkok nLrkost+ksa dks lfefr ds fdlh lnL; dks ifjpkfyr fd;k tkrk gS] rks ,sls i= vFkok nLrkost+ dh fo"k;&oLrq dks fdlh lnL; }kjk lnu esa vFkok v/;{k dh vuqefr ds fcuk fdlh dks izdV ugha fd;k tk,xk rFkk tgka ,slh vuqefr izkIr dh xbZ gS ogka v/;{k }kjk ftl izdkj ls jksd yxkbZ xbZ gS] vFkok nLrkost+ esa 17 varfoZ"V tkudkjh dks ftl lhek rd izdV fd;k tk ldrk gS] mldk dM+kbZ ls vuqikyu fd;k tk,xkA fyf[kr tkudkjh gsrq iz'u&lwph 48- nLrkost+ksa dks i<+us ds i'pkr~ lnL; iz'uksa dk lq>ko nsrs gSa vFkok mu fcUnqvksa dk ladsr nsrs gSa ftu ij vkxs dh tkudkjh ekaxh tk ldrh gSA 49- lnL;ksa }kjk tkapk/khu fo"k; ds laca/k esa lfpoky; }kjk laxzghr ls lacaf/kr lqlaxr fcUnqvksa lfgr lq>k, x, iz'uksa vFkok ,d iz'ukoyh ds :i esa lesfdr fd;k tk,xkA 50- lHkkifr }kjk Lohd`r iz'ukoyh dks visf{kr lwpuk izLrqr djus gsrq ea=ky;@foHkkx dks Hkstk tkrk gSA izkIr fd, x, mÙkj lnL;ksa dks miyC/k djk, tkrs gSaA v/;;u nkSjs 51- lHkkifr }kjk ukfer lfefr@mi&lfefr vFkok v/;;u ny] v/;{k dh iwokZuqefr ls tkap gsrq pqus x, fo"k; ls lacaf/kr fofHkUu laLFkkvksa vkSj izfr"Bkuksa dk ^rRLFkkfud* v/;;u nkSjk] ;fn vko';d gks] dj ldrk gSA tgka lHkkifr Lo;a v/;;u ny ds lkFk tkrs gSa ogka os v/;;u ny ds nkSjs ds laiw.kZ O;ogkj ds fy, ftEesnkj gksaxsA tgka lHkkifr v/;;u ny esa 'kkfey ugha gksrs] ogka lHkkifr }kjk fdlh ,d lnL; dks v/;;u ny dk la;kstd fu;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA v/;;u ny ds dk;Z dks lqpk: :i ls pykus dh n`f"V ls lHkkifr }kjk ,d oSdfYid la;kstd Hkh fu;qDr fd;k tkrk gS rkfd ;fn lHkkifr vFkok la;kstd v/;;u ny }kjk fd, tkus okys dk;Z dks djus esa vleFkZ gks rks oSdfYid la;kstd ml dk;Z dks dj ldsA 52- v/;;u nkSjksa ds nkSjku lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny }kjk v/;{k] yksd lHkk }kjk lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds nkSjksa ls lacaf/kr le;≤ ij tkjh fn'kk&funsZ'kksa dk ikyu fd;k tk,xkA lalnh; lfefr ds nkSjksa ds laca/k esa v/;{k }kjk tkjh fn'kk&funsZ'kksa dks tkudkjh vkSj ekxZn'kZu ds fy, ifjf'k"V&ikap ds :i esa layxu fd;k x;k gSA la;kstd ds drZO; 53- v/;;u ny dk la;kstd@oSdfYid la;kstd v/;;u ny }kjk fd, tkus okys nkSjs] ftl izdkj ls ;g dk;Z djrk gS rFkk eq[; lfefr dks vius v/;;u ds ifj.kke izLrqr djus ds fy, Hkh ftEesnkj gksrk gSA bl y{; ds eísutj la;kstd dks fofHkUu ckrsa /;ku esa j[kuh pkfg,a tks mls mlds drZO;ksa ds l{kerk ls fuoZgu esa lgk;rk djsaxhA ¼,d½ la;kstd tkapk/khu fo"k; laca/kh lkfgR; dks Hkyh izdkj i<+ ldrk gS( 18 ¼nks½ la;kstd nkSjk fd, tkus okys LFkkuksa ds ckjs esa le;&lkj.kh rFkk dk;ZØe r; dj ldrk gS( ¼rhu½ la;kstd v/;;u ny ds dk;Z] fo'ks"kdj v/;;u&ny dks lkSais x, dk;Z{ks= ds laca/k esa vko';d 'kh"kZdksa rFkk mi&'kh"kZdksa ds rgr egRoiw.kZ fo"k;ksa ij fcUnqvksa dks uksV djus ds laca/k esa] ekxZfunsZ'ku dj ldrk gS( rFkk ¼pkj½ la;kstd v/;;u ny dk izoDrk gS vkSj ;fn fdlh lwpuk dh vko';drk gksrh gS rks og v/;;u ny ds lkFk tk jgs vf/kdkjh ds ek/;e ls mls izkIr dj ldrk gSA v/;;u nkSjksa ds nkSjku ikyu dh tkus okyh ifjikVh 54- v/;;u nkSjksa ds nkSjku lfefr@v/;;u ny }kjk fuEufyf[kr ifjikVh dk ikyu fd;k tkrk gS%— ¼,d½ v/;;u nkSjs ds nkSjku fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks tks lfefr dk lnL; ugha gS] yksd lHkk lfpoky; ds vf/kdkfj;ksa dks NksM+dj] lHkkifr@v/;{k dh fo'ks"k vuqefr ds fcuk lfefr ds lkFk tkus dh vuqefr ugha gSA ¼nks½ nkSjs ds LFkku ij vukSipkfjd cSBd dh tk ldsxh] fdUrq ,slh cSBdksa esa v/;{k ds funs'k 50¼2½ ds lanHkZ esa u rks dksbZ fu.kZ; fd;s tk;saxs vkSj u dksbZ lk{; fy;k tk;sxkA ¼rhu½ fofHkUu dk;kZy;ksa] laLFkkvksa vkfn ds nkSjksa ds nkSjku] mu dk;kZy;ksa] laLFkkvksa ds vk'kqfyfidksa dh lsok lfefr@v/;;u ny }kjk ugha yh tk,xhA ¼pkj½ lnL;ksa }kjk nkSjk fd, tkus okys laxBuksa ls Qkbysa ugha ekaxh tk,axhA ¼ikap½ fdlh Hkh lnL; }kjk fdlh lkoZtfud miØe vFkok tkap ds v/khu fdlh fo"k; ds laca/k esa vius nkSjs dh jk; vFkok dksbZ lwpuk vFkok baVjO;w ehfM;k dks ugha fn;k tk,xkA ¼Ng½ foHkkxksa@laxBuksa] xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa] Jfed ;wfu;uksa vkfn ds izfrfuf/k;ksa ds lkFk lfefr@v/;;u ny }kjk nkSjs ds nkSjku dh xbZ lHkh ppkZvksa dks xksiuh; ekuk tk,xk rFkk ppkZ esa 'kkfey fdlh dks Hkh izR;{k vFkok vizR;{k rkSj ij ehfM;k vFkok fdlh vizkf/kd`r O;fDr dks ppkZ ds nkSjku mBk, x, ekeyksa ds ckjs esa lwpuk nsus dh vuqefr ugha gksxhA ¼lkr½ laxBuksa ds LVkQ lnL;ksa dks viuh&viuh f'kdk;rsa ysdj lkaln ds ikl tkus dks izksRlkfgr ugha fd;k tk,xkA rFkkfi izfrfuf/k vFkok iathd`r Jfed ,lksfl,'kuksa] 19 ftUgksaus igys gh fyf[kr Kkiu izLrqr dj fn;k gks] dks v/;;u lewg ds lHkkifr@la;kstd ds foosdkf/kdkj ls feyus dk le; fn;k tk ldrk gSA ¼vkB½ pwafd nkSjs dh izd`fr rF; [kkstus laca/kh v/;;u dh gS] vr% lnL;ksa }kjk vfr vko';d lwpuk dh gh ekax dh tk,xh rFkk fookn] cgl vkfn ls cpk tk,xkA nkSjs ij tkus okys lnL; laln ds jktnwr gSa tks tkap djus dh Hkkouk ls tkrs gSaA blfy,] tgka dgha Hkh os tk,a lHkh ds lkFk lkSgknzZiw.kZ laca/k cuk, j[ksaA nkSjk laca/kh fVIi.k 55- lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds nkSjksa laca/kh fVIi.k lfpoky; }kjk rS;kj fd, tkrs gSa vkSj lHkkifr@la;kstd ds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ budh izfr lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds lnL;ksa ds voyksdukFkZ lHkkifr ds futh lfpo ds ikl j[kh tk,xhA pkj- lfefr;ksa dh cSBdsa lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u nyksa dh cSBdksa dk dk;ZØe 56- lfefr dh cSBdsa ,sls fnu vkSj ,sls le; ij gksaxh tks lfefr dk lHkkifr fuf'pr djs%— ijUrq ;fn lfefr dk lHkkifr rRdky u fey ldrk gks] rks egklfpo cSBd dh frfFk vkSj le; fuf'pr dj ldsxkA [fu;e 264½] 57- vius dk;Zdky ds izkjaHk esa] lfefr o"kZ ds nkSjku fo"k;ksa dh tkap ds fy, dk;Z ds lkekU; dk;ZØe dks vafre :i nsrh gSA rRi'pkr~ lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny lHkkifr@la;kstd }kjk fn, x, ,sls le; rFkk ,slh vof/k ds fy, feyrs gSa ftls lHkkifr@la;kstd lqxerk ls dk;ZØe iw.kZ djus ds fy, vko';d le>rk gksA 58- tc lHkkifr@la;kstd }kjk lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny dh cSBd dh rkjh[k rFkk le; r; dj fy;k tkrk gS rks lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny lewg ds lnL;ksa dks dsoy l= vof/k;ksa ds nkSjku muds LFkkuh; irksa ij rFkk var%l= vof/k ds nkSjku LFkkuh; rFkk LFkk;h nksuksa irksa ij bldh lwpuk ifjpkfyr dh tkrh gSA cSBd dh lwpuk esa] tksfd cSBd ls igys tkjh dh tkrh gS] ppkZ fd, tkus okys fo"k;&oLrq dk Hkh ladsr gksrk gSA lkekU;r% egRoiw.kZ fo"k; tSls fd lfefr }kjk u, fo"k;ksa dk pquko fd;k tkuk fopkj rFkk ppkZ ds fy, rc rd ugha fy;k tk,xk tc rd fd lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks fyf[kr esa iwoZ lwpuk ugha ns nh tkrh gSA ;g Hkh vko';d gS fd bl izdkj dh cSBdksa esa x.kiwfrZ gksuh pkfg,A cSBdksa dk LFky 59- LFkk;h lfefr;ka] tc rd ;FkkfLFkfr lHkkifr] jkT; lHkk vFkok v/;{k vU;Fkk fof'k"V vuqefr u ns] laln ds ifjlj dks NksM+dj vU;= cSBd ugha djsaxhA [fu;e 331V] 60- tc dksbZ lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny v/;;ukFkZ nkSjs ij gks rks nkSjs ds LFkku ij vkSipkfjd cSBd dh tk ldsxh fdUrq ,slh cSBdksa esa u rks dksbZ fu.kZ; fd;s tk;saxs vkSj u dksbZ lk{; fy;k tk;sxkA [funs'k 50¼2½] lHkk dh cSBd ds le; lfefr dh cSBdksa dk le; 61- tc rd v/;{k vU;Fkk vuqefr u ns] mu fnuksa esa tc fd lHkk dh cSBd py jgh gks] lHkk dh cSBd vkjaHk gks tkus ds ckn vkSj 1500 cts ls igys fdlh lfefr dh dksbZ cSBd ugha gksxhA [funs'k 51] 20 21 lfefr dh cSBdksa dks vafre {k.kksa esa jí fd;k tkuk 62- lfefr ds lHkkifr }kjk lfefr dh fdlh iwoZ fu/kkZfjr cSBd esa viuh vuqifLFkfr ;k ml cSBd ds fy, mudh rRdky vuqiyC/krk ds dkj.k ek= ls jí] ;k fu;r le; ls iwoZ vk;ksftr ;k LFkfxr ugha fd;k tk,xkA [funs'k 51&d] cSBdksa ds fy, x.kiwfrZ 63- lfefr dh cSBd xfBr djus ds fy, x.kiwfrZ lfefr ds lnL;ksa dh leLr la[;k dk] ;FkklaHko ,d&frgkbZ ds fudV gksxhA [259¼1½] Li"Vhdj.k% lnL;ksa dh la[;k fu;e 259 ds v/khu lnL;ksa dh dqy la[;k dk ,d&frgkbZ ds cjkcj x.kiwfrZ iwjh djus ds fy, lnL;ksa dh la[;k dh x.kuk djus esa fdlh viw.kk±d dk egRo ugha gksrkA bl izdkj] Mhvkj,llh ds ekeys esa ;fn lnL;ksa dh dqy la[;k 31 gS rks fu;e 259 ds rgr x.kiwfrZ 10 lnL;ksa dh gksxh] pkgs lfefr esa fdruh gh fjfDr;ka gksaA 64- ;fn lfefr dh fdlh cSBd ds fy, fuf'pr le; ij] ;k ;fn cSBd ds nkSjku fdlh le; x.kiwfrZ u gks rks lfefr dk lHkkifr ;k rks ml cSBd dks x.kiwfrZ gksus rd fuyfEcr j[ksxk ;k ml cSBd dks fdlh vkxkeh fnu ds fy, LFkfxr dj nsxkA [fu;e 259¼2½] 65- tc fu;e 259¼2½ ds vuqlj.k esa lfefr] lfefr dh cSBdksa ds fy, fuf'pr dh xbZ yxkrkj nks frfFk;ksa dks LFkfxr fd;k tk pqdk gSA rks lHkkifr ml rF; dh lwpuk v/;{k dks nsxkA lfefr dh cSBd esa ^ehfM;k* dk izos'k oftZr 66- lfefr dh cSBd futh gksrh gS vkSj blesa ehfM;k dk izos'k oftZr gSA rFkkfi] ;fn lHkkifr vko';d le>rs gSa rks og lfefr }kjk dh xbZ ppkZ dh fo"k;&oLrq ds ckjs esa ehfM;k dks tkudkjh ns ldrs gSaA laln esa fo"k; ij izfrosnu izLrqr djus ls iwoZ mu fo"k;ksa ij dh xbZ ppkZ dk mYys[k ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA ¼Mhvkj,llh ds vkarfjd dk;Z&iz.kkyh fu;eksa dk fu;e 11½ lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds vykok vU; O;fDr;ksa dk ckgj pyk tkuk 67- tc dHkh lfefr i;kZykspu dj jgh gks rks lfefr ds lnL; rFkk yksd lHkk lfpoky; ds inkf/kdkfj;ksa ds vfrfjDr lc O;fDr ckgj pys tk;saxsA [fu;e 268] 22 lfefr esa fu.kZ; 68- lfefr dh fdlh cSBd esa iz'u mifLFkr rFkk ernku djus okys lnL;ksa ds cgqer ls fu/kkZfjr fd;s tk;saxsA [fu;e 261] lHkkifr }kjk ernku fd;k tkuk 69- fdlh fo"k; ij er lerk dh voLFkk esa lHkkifr ;k lHkkifrRo djus okys O;fDr dk nwljk ;k fu.kkZ;d er gksxkA [fu;e 262] 70- lfefr;ksa ds izfrosnu O;kid vke lgefr ij vk/kkfjr gksrs gSaA lfefr dk dksbZ Hkh lnL; lfefr ds izfrosnu ij foer fVIi.k ns ldsxkA foer fVIi.k izfrosnu ds lkFk lnu esa izLrqr fd;k tk;sxkA [fu;e 331&>] jkT; fo/kkueaMyksa bR;kfn ds lnL;ksa dks] tgka lk{; fy;k tk jgk gS mu cSBdksa esa Hkkx ysus dh vuqefr 71- yksd lHkk ;k jkT; lHkk dk dksbZ lnL; tks lfefr dk lnL; ugha gS vFkok jkT; fo/kkueaMy dk dksbZ lnL; vFkok jkT; fo/kkueaMy dk dksbZ vf/kdkjh lHkkifr dh vuqefr ls lk{; ysus ds le; lfefr dh cSBd esa mifLFkr gks ldrk gS ijUrq fopkj&foe'kZ ds le; og lfefr dh cSBd esa mifLFkr ugha gks ldrkA rFkkfi] ,slk lnL; vFkok vf/kdkjh fdlh rjg u rks lfefr dh dk;Zokgh esa Hkkx ysxk vkSj u gh lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds chp cSBsxkA ¼Mhvkj,lh ds vkarfjd dk;Z iz.kkyh fu;eksa dk fu;e 12½ dksbZ lnL;] tks fd lfefr dk lnL; ugha gS mls foHkkxksa laca/kh LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds ekeys esa LFkk;h fo'ks"k vkeaf=rh ugha cuk;k tkuk pkfg,A gkykafd] ;fn lfefr dks] ml lnL; ls tks fd lfefr dk lnL; ugha gS] fo'ks"kK lgk;rk dh vko';drk gS rks lfefr mls fcuk fo'ks"k vkeaf=rh cuk, vkeaf=r dj ldrh gSA ikap- lk{; xSj&ljdkjh lkf{k;ksa@laxBuksa dk lk{; 72- lfefr }kjk tkapk/khu fo"k;ksa ij p;fur fo'ks"kKksa] xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa@O;fDr;ksa dk ekSf[kd lk{; fy;k tk ldrk gSA 73- lk{; ds fy, fo'ks"kKksa@xSj&ljdkjh lkf{k;ksa dk p;u lkekU;r% muds }kjk izLrqr Kkiuksa vkfn dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, fd;k tkrk gSA ljdkjh lkf{k;ksa dk lk{;&lacaf/kr ea=ky;@foHkkx ds lfpo dk lfefr ds le{k mifLFkr gksuk 74- ,sls ekeys esa tgka fdlh ea=ky; vFkok foHkkx ;k laxBu dks fdlh ekeys ij lfefr ds le{k lk{; nsuk gks rks ml ea=ky; ;k foHkkx ;k laxBu dh vksj ls ;FkkfLFkfr] mldk lfpo vFkok foHkkxk/;{k nsxkA ijUrq lfefr dk lHkkifr fuosnu fd;s tkus ij fdlh vU; ofj"B inkf/kdkjh dks lfefr ds le{k ea=ky; vFkok foHkkx ;k laxBu dks izfrfuf/kRo djus dh vuqefr ns ldsxkA [funs'k 59 ¼1½] 75- tSls gh ea=ky;@foHkkx@laxBu ds izfrfuf/k;ksa dk lk{; ysus ds fy, frfFk fu/kkZfjr gks tkrh gS] lfefr dh cSBd dh frfFk] le; rFkk LFkku dks lwfpr djrs gq, ,d i= ea=ky; ds lfpo vFkok foHkkxk/;{k@laxBu dks Hkst fn;k tkrk gSA 76- lfefr ds tkapk/khu fdlh fo"k; ls lacaf/kr fdlh eqís ij vkxs lk{; ds fy, lfefr fdlh Hkh lk{kh dks iqu% cqyk ldrh gSA ¼fu;e 18&foHkkxksa ls lEc) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa dh vkarfjd dk;Z&iz.kkyh½ Kkkiu eaxkuk rFkk jkT; ljdkj ds inkf/kdkfj;ksa dks lfefr ds le{k lk{; nsus ds fy, mifLFkr gksus dk vuqjks/k djuk 77- tc fdlh jkT; ljdkj ds inkf/kdkfj;ksa dks fdlh lfefr ds le{k vius lk{kh ds :i esa mifLFkr gksus dk vkea=.k nsuk ;k jkT; ljdkj ls dksbZ nLrkost ;k i= lfefr ds lkeus izLrqr djus ds fy, dguk vko';d le>k tk;s] rks ml inkf/kdkjh ;k jkT; ljdkj ls izkFkZuk djus ls igys v/;{k ds vkns'k ys fy;s tk;saxsA 23 24 ;fn v/;{k ;g fu.kZ; djs fd jkT; ds fdlh fof'k"V inkf/kdkjh dks lk{kh ds :i esa cqykuk vko';d ugha gS ;k jkT; ljdkj ls dksbZ i=] nLrkost ;k vfHkys[k izLrqr djus ds fy, dgus dhs vko';drk ugha gS] rks lacaf/kr lfefr dk lHkkifr ;fn vko';d le>s] rks og lfefr dks v/;{k ds fu.kZ; ls voxr djk ldsxkA [funs'k 60] ekSf[kd tkap gsrq iz'u 78- lkf{k;ksa ds ekSf[kd lk{; ds fy, ,d iz'u&lwph vFkok iz'ukoyh rS;kj dh tkrh gS ftlesa ,sls lq>koksa dks lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gS tks lnL;ksa ls izkIr gq, gksaA lHkkifr ds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ iz'u&lwph lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks vfxze :i ls ifjpkfyr dj nh tkrh gSA 79- tc rd vU;Fkk funs'k u fn;k x;k gks] iz'ukoyh dh izfr;ka ea=ky;@foHkkx ds izfrfuf/k;ksa] ftUgsa lfefr ds le{k ekSf[kd lk{; nsuk gS] dks vfxze :i ls iznku dh tkrh gSaA lkf{k;ksaa ds c;ku ysus gsrq izfØ;k 80- lkf{k;ksa dk lk{; ysrs le; lnL;ksa }kjk fuEufyf[kr ijEijkvksa dk ikyu fd;k tkrk gS% ¼,d½ lcls igys lHkkifr iz'u iwNrs gSaA rRi'pkr~ mu lnL;ksa dks volj iznku fd;k tkrk gS ftUgksaus tkapk/khu fo"k; dk fo'ks"k v/;;u fd;k gksA rRi'pkr~] vU; lnL;ksa dks ppkZ ls mBus okys iz'uksa dks iwNus dk volj iznku fd;k tkrk gSA lkf{k;ksa }kjk fn, x, oDrO; ¼nks½ tkudkjh rFkk rF; izkIr djus ds fy, lkf{k;ksa ls iz'u iwNs tkrs gSa rkfd lnL; fLFkfr dk mfpr :i esa v/;;u dj ldsaA ljdkj@foHkkx dh vksj ls ea=ky;@foHkkx ds izfrfuf/k;ksa }kjk fn, x, oDrO;ksa dks lkekU;r% lgh eku fy;k tkrk gS tc rd fd fdlh lnL; ds ikl foijhr lwpuk gksA ,sls ekeyksa esa lacaf/kr lnL; viuh lwpuk dh tkap oLrqxr :i esa iz'u iwNdj dj ldrs gSaA ¼rhu½ ;fn lk{kh rRdky fdlh iz'u dk mÙkj nsus dh fLFkfr esa ugha gS rks mls lHkkifr }kjk lfpoky; dks ckn esa ;FkklaHko 'kh?kz fyf[kr esa mÙkj nsus dh vuqefr nh tk ldrh gSA lfefr ds erHksnksa dks ysdj lkf{k;ksa ds lEk{k ppkZ ugha ¼pkj½ lnL;ksa ds fopkjkas ij ppkZ lkekU;r% futh cSBdksa esa dh tkrh gS u fd lkf{k;ksa dh mifLFkfr esaA 25 ¼ikap½ lkf{k;ksa dk lk{; ysrs le; vkil eas ppkZ ugha djrs gSaA lfefr esa fopkjksa esa erHksn dks tkfgj ugha fd;k tkrk rFkk lkf{k;ksa dh mifLFkfr esa lnL; ,d nwljs dk fojks/k ugha djrsA ,sls ekeys lkf{k;ksa ds pys tkus ds ckn ppkZ ds fy, lqjf{kr j[k fy, tkrs gaSA ¼Ng½ lkekU;r% lnL; lHkkifr vFkok lk{; ys jgs vU; lnL;ksa dks ck/kk ugha igqapkrs gSaA ;fn dksbZ lnL; chp esa dqN dguk pkgrk gS rks og dk;Zokgh dks chp esa jksdus ls iwoZ lHkkifr dh vuqefr izkIr djrk gSA ekSf[kd lk{; ds nkSjku vYi egRo okys ekeyksa ij ppkZ ugha dh tkrh ¼lkr½ ftuds dkj.k tc cM+s egRo okys ekeyksa ij ppkZ djus ds fy, de le; cprk gS rks laf{kIr tkudkjh ds ekeyksa ij ekSf[kd lk{; ds nkSjku foLrkj ls ppkZ ugha dh tkrhA ea=ky;@foHkkx ls fyf[kr tkudkjh ekaxuk ¼vkB½ lfefr }kjk lkf{k;ksa ds lk{; ds nkSjku mRiUu fdlh iz'u ds laca/k esa ;fn lnL; }kjk dksbZ fyf[kr tkudkjh vFkok oDrO; ekaxk tkrk gS rks mls lHkkifr ds ikl Hkst fn;k tkrk gS tksfd ;fn vko';d gks rks ,slh tkudkjh ekax ldrk gSA dkfeZdksa ls lacaf/kr tkudkjh ¼ukS½ ;fn ea=ky;@foHkkx }kjk fu;qDr dkfeZd ls lacaf/kr dfri; fooj.kksa dh tkap djuk vko';d gks rks ;FkklaHko iz'u esa O;fDr fo'ks"k ds uke dk mYys[k ugha fd;k tkrkA ljdkjh lkf{k;ksa ds izfr lnL;ksa dk joS;k 81- lfefr ds le{k lk{; ds fy, mifLFkr gksus okys vf/kdkjh ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa@laxBuksa esa mPp inLFk inkf/kdkjh gksrs gSaA mUgsa mfpr vknj fn;k tkrk gS rFkk lfefr ds lEk{k lHkh lacaf/kr rF; ,oa tkudkjh izLrqr djus ds fy, iwjh NwV nh tkrh gS rkfd leL;kvksa rFkk eqíksa dks mfpr :i esa le>k tk ldsA lkf{k;ksa }kjk mfpr vkpj.k dk ikyu fd;k tkuk 82- lalnh; lfefr vFkok mudh mi&lfefr ds le{k izLrqr gksus okys lkf{k;ksa ds ekxZn'kZu ds fy, Hkkjr ljdkj ds ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa dks vU; ckrksa ds lkFk&lkFk O;ogkj rFkk f'k"Vkpkj ds fuEufyf[kr fcUnqvksa dh izfr ifjpkfyr dh tkrh gS%— ¼d½ lk{kh }kjk dqlhZ ij cSBrs le; lHkkifr rFkk lfefr@lalnh; lfefr ds le{k >qddj mfpr vknj nsukA 26 ¼[k½ lk{kh }kjk] lHkkifr ds vklu ds lkeus fu/kkZfjr LFkku ij vklu xzg.k djukA ¼x½ lHkkifr] lfefr ds fdlh lnL; vFkok lHkkifr }kjk izkf/kd`r fdlh vU; O;fDr }kjk iwNs x, fo'ks"k iz'uksa dk mÙkj lk{kh dks nsuk pkfg,A lk{kh dks lfefr ds le{k ,sls vU; fcUnqvksa dks izLrqr djus ds fy, dgk tk ldrk gS ftUgsa 'kkfey ugha fd;k x;k gks vkSj tks lk{kh dks lfefr ds lkeus izLrqr djuk vko';d yxsA ¼?k½ lHkkifr rFkk lfefr ds le{k lHkh vuqjks/k vknjiwoZd rFkk fouez Hkk"kk esa fd, tkus pkfg,aA ¼³½ tc lk{; iwjk gks tk, rFkk lkf{k;ksa dks tkus ds fy, dgk tk,] rks mls tkrs le; lHkkifr ds lkeus vknjiwoZd >qddj vfHkoknu djuk pkfg,A lk{;ksijkar fyf[kr lwpuk eaxkuk 83- lk{;ksijkar] lfefr }kjk ,d iz'u&lwph rS;kj dh tkrh gS ftl ij og vkxs vkSj tkudkjh izkIr djuk pkgrh gSA lHkkifr }kjk vuqeksfnr fd, tkus ds i'pkr~ mls mÙkj izkIr djus ds fy, lacaf/kr ea=ky;@foHkkx esa Hkst fn;k tkrk gSA mÙkjksa dks lnL;ksa ds ikl lnL; bZ&iksVZy }kjk Hkstk tkrk gSA Ng- cSBdksa dh dk;Zokgh rFkk dk;Zokgh lkjka'k dk;Zokgh dk fjdkMZ 84- lfefr@mi&lfefr dh mu cSBdksa] ftuesa ea=ky; ds izfrfuf/k;ksa@xSj&ljdkjh lkf{k;ksa }kjk lk{;@laf{kIr tkudkjh yh tkrh gS] dh dk;Zokgh dk 'kCn'k% fjdkMZ yksd lHkk lfpoky; }kjk j[kk tkrk gSA ¼fu;e 19 Mhvkj,llh ds vkarfjd dk;Z fu;e½ lfefr dh dk;Zokgh xksiuh; le>h tk, 85- lfefr dh dk;Zokgh xksiuh; le>h tk;sxh vkSj lfefr ds fdlh lnL; dks ;k fdlh dks ftldh ml dk;ZOkkgh rd igqap gS] izR;{k ;k vizR;{k :i ls] mldh dk;Zokgh vkSj izfrosnu ;k vafre :i ls ;k vLFkk;h :i ls fudkys x;s fu"d"kks± ds ckjs esa izfrosnu ds lHkk esa izLrqrhdj.k ls igys izsl dks dksbZ tkudkjh nsus dh vkKk ugha gksxhA [funs'k 55 ¼1½] lnL;ksa rFkk lkf{k;ksa }kjk dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar lgh fd;k tkuk 86- ftl cSBd esa lk{; fn;k x;k gks mldh 'kCn'k% dk;Zokgh laxr va'k lacaf/kr lkf{k;ksa vkSj lnL;ksa dks iqf"V djus vkSj yksd lHkk lfpoky; }kjk fuf'pr dh xbZ frfFk rd okil djus ds fy, lnL; bZ&iksVZy ij Hksts tk,axs@bZ&esy dj fn, tk,axsA ;fn dk;ZOkkgh dh 'kq) dh gqbZ izfr;ka fuf'pr frfFk rd ugha ykSVkbZ tk;saxh] rks fjiksVZj dh izfr dks gh vf/kd`r ekuk tk;sxkA vkf/kdkfjd lkf{k;ksa dks Hksts x, dk;Zokgh ds va'k dks fofufnZ"V vof/k ds Hkhrj okil fy;k tkrk gSA dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar esa ls 'kCnksa vkfn dk fudkyk tkuk 87- ;fn lHkkifr dh jk; esa lfefr@mi&lfefr dh dk;Zokgh esa dksbZ 'kCn] okD; vFkok vfHkO;fDr vlalnh;] vlaxr gks vFkok tks fouez] f'k"V vkSj la;r Hkk"kk esa u gks vFkok vU;Fkk vuqfpr gks rks og ,sls 'kCnksa] okD; [kaMksa vFkok vfHkO;fDr;ksa dks ml dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar ls fudkyus dk vkns'k ns ldsxkA dk;Zokgh dsoy lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks gh fn[kkbZ tk, 88- 'kCn'k% dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar dsoy lfefr ds iz;ksx ds fy, gSA bUgsa xksiuh; le>k tk, rFkk ,sls fdlh O;fDr dks u fn[kk;k tk, tks lfefr dk lnL; ugha gSA 27 28 dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar dk eqnz.k u fd;k tk, 89- lfefr ds le{k fn, x, lk{; dk lkekU;r% eqnz.k ugha fd;k tkrk gS vFkok bls lnu ds le{k izLrqr ugha fd;k tkrk gSA dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar dks lfpoky; }kjk fdrkc ds :i esa latks;k tkrk gSA dk;ZOkkgh o`Ùkkar dks laln Hkou ds ckgj ugha ys tkuk 90- izFkk ds vuqlkj] dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar dks laln Hkou ds ckgj ugha ys tkrs gSa] ijUrq bl ij lfefr ds fdlh lnL; }kjk lHkkifr ds dejs esa fopkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA dk;Zokgh lkjka'k dk izk:i.k rFkk ifjpkyu 91- cSBd lekIr gksus ds i'pkr~ rFkk lHkkifr@la;kstd vFkok cSBd dh v/;{krk djus okys fdlh lnL; }kjk vuqeksfnr fd, tkus ds i'pkr~ 'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz lfefr@mi&lfefr@ v/;;u lewg dh izR;sd cSBd dk dk;Zokgh lkjka'k lfpoky; }kjk rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS rFkk bls lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u lewg ds lnL;ksa dks Hkstk tkrk gSA 92- tc lfefr }kjk lk{; fy;k tkrk gS rks lfefr dh cSBd ls lacaf/kr dsoy laf{kIr dk;Zokgh lkjka'k dks rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS rks ;g bafxr fd;k tkuk pkfg, fd dk;ZOkkgh dk 'kCn'k% fjdkWMZ j[kk x;k gSA 93- tc rd dk;Zokgh lkjka'k lHkk esa izLrqr ugha dj fn, tkrs rc rd bUgsa xksiuh; le>k tkrk gS A 94- lfefr dh cSBd ds dk;Zokgh lkjka'k dks lHkk esa izLrqr djus ds fy, ml izfrosnu ds lkFk layXu fd;k tk,xk ftlls ;s lacaf/kr gSA lkr- izfrosnu izk:i izfrosnu dk izk:i rS;kj djuk] ifjpkfyr djuk rFkk ml ij fopkj djuk 95- lk{; lekIr gks tkus ds i'pkr~ izkIr tkudkjh rFkk fy, x, lk{; ds vk/kkj ij izk:i izfrosnu rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA la;kstd@lHkkifr }kjk vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ izk:i izfrosnu dks lacaf/kr v/;;u ny@lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks ifjpkfyr fd;k tkrk gSA 96- lfefr dk izfrosnu O;kid vke lgefr ij vk/kkfjr gksxk [fu;e 331> ¼1½] 97- lfefr dk dksbZ Hkh lnL; lfefr ds izfrosnu ij foer fVIi.k ns ldsxkA foer fVIi.k izfrosnu ds lkFk lHkkvksa esa izLrqr fd;k tk;sxk [fu;e 331> ¼2½@¼3½] 98- tc lfefr@v/;;u lewg izk:i izfrosnu ij fopkj dj jgk gks vFkok fdlh eqís ij vius fopkj j[k jgk gks rks] ,slk dksbZ Hkh O;fDr] tks lnL; vFkok lfpoky; dk vf/kdkjh u gks] cSBd esa mifLFkr ugha gksxkA 98d- izfrosnu dk rF;kRed izek.khdj.k lfefr }kjk ;Fkk vuqeksfnr@Lohd`r izfrosnu dh vfxze izfr;ka ¼flQkfj'kksa dks NksM+dj½ xksiuh; fpfør dh tk,axh vkSj lacaf/kr ea=ky;@foHkkx@lkafof/kd vkSj ljdkjh laxBu dks rF;kRed fooj.kksa ds iqf"Vdj.k ds fy, bu funsZ'kksa ds lkFk Hksth tk,axh fd izfrosnu dh fo"k;&oLrq dks izfrosnu lnu esa izLrqr fd, tkus rd xksiuh; ekuk tk,A ea=ky;@foHkkx@lkafof/kd vkSj ljdkjh laxBuksa dh fVIif.k;ka izkIr gksus ij lHkkifr rF;kRed =qfV;ksa] ;fn dksbZ gksa rks] dks Bhd djus ds fy, izfrosnu esa mi;qDr la'kks/ku dj ldrk gS vFkok fo"k; dks fopkj&foe'kZ ds fy, lfefr ds le{k izLrqr djus dk funs'k ns ldrk gSA izfrosnu dks vafre :i nsuk rFkk izLrqr djuk 99- tSls gh izfrosnu dks vafre :i ns fn;k tkrk gS] mls lHkk esa izLrqr djus ds fy, eqfnzr@lkbDyksLVkby fd;k tkrk gSA lfefr ds izfrosnu ij lfefr dh vksj ls lHkkifr }kjk gLrk{kj fd;k tkrk gSA ijarq] ;fn lHkkifr vuqifLFkr gksa vFkok rRdky ekStwn u gksa] rks lfefr] lfefr dh vksj ls izfrosnu ij gLrk{kj djus ds fy, fdlh vU; lnL; dk p;u dj ldrh gSA [Mhvkj,llh ds vkarfjd dk;Z fu;e 31] 29 30 100- lnu esa izfrosnu lHkkifr }kjk izLrqr fd;k tk,xk fdarq ;fn muds fy, ,slk djuk laHko u gks rks lHkkifr }kjk izkf/kd`r lfefr ds fdlh lnL; }kjk mldh vksj ls izfrosnu izLrqr fd;k tk ldrk gSA blds lkFk&lkFk izfrosnu dh ,d izfr dks lfefr ds fdlh lnL; }kjk ftls lHkkifr us ,slk djus ds fy, izkf/kd`r fd;k gks] jkT; lHkk esa izLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA 101- lnL;ksa ls vkxzg fd;k tkrk gS fd tc rd izfrosnu lHkk esa izLrqr u fd;k tk;s] rc rd mls xksiuh; le>k tk;sA 102- lkekU;r% lfefr dk izfrosnu lHkk esa izLrqr fd;k tk;sxk] ijarq ;fn lfefr ,sls le; viuk izfrosnu iwjk dj ys tc lHkk dk l= u py jgk gks rks lfefr dk lHkkifr mls v/;{k ds le{k izLrqr dj ldsxkA 103- v/;{k fu;e 280 ds mica/kksa ds v/khu izfrosnu dks lHkk esa izLrqr djus ls igys blds eqnz.k] izdk'ku vFkok ifjpkyu dk vkns'k ns ldrk gSA 104- izfrosnu vxys l= esa izFke lqfo/kktud volj ij lHkkifr }kjk ;k mldh vuqifLFkfr esa lfefr ds fdlh lnL; }kjk lHkk esa izLrqr fd;k tk;sxkA izfrosnu izLrqr djrs le; lHkkifr vFkok mldh vuqifLFkfr esa izfrosnu izLrqr djus okyk lnL; bl vk'k; dk ,d laf{kIr oDrO; nsxk fd tc lHkk dk l= ugha py jgk Fkk ml le; ;g izfrosnu v/;{k ds le{k izLrqr fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj v/;{k }kjk blds eqnz.k] izdk'ku ;k ifjpkyu ds fy, fu;e 280 ds v/khu vkns'k fd;k x;k FkkA ;fn izfrosnu dks v/;{k ds le{k izLrqr fd;s tkus ds ckn vkSj lHkk esa izLrqr fd;s tkus ls iwoZ yksd lHkk fo?kfVr gks tk;s rks izfrosnu egklfpo }kjk izFke lqfo/kktud volj ij ubZ yksd lHkk ds iVy ij j[kk tkrk gSA [funs'k 71d] 105- lHkk esa izfrosnu ds izLrqrhdj.k ds ;Fkk'kh?kz ckn] izfrosnu dh izfr;ka yksd lHkk vkSj jkT; lHkk ds lnL;ksa rFkk vU; lacaf/kr izkf/kdkfj;ksa dks miyC/k djkbZ tkrh gSaA vkB- lfefr dh flQkfj'kksa dks ykxw djuk ea=ky;ksa vkfn dks izfrosnu ifjpkfyr djuk vkSj flQkfj'kksa ij dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ n'kkZus okys fooj.k ekaxuk 106- lHkk dks izfrosnu ¼vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa@fo"k; vk/kkfjr okf"kZd izfrosnu@nh?kkZof/k uhfr;ksa ij vk/kkfjr fo"k;ksa½ izLrqr djus ds i'pkr~ izfrosnu dh ,d izfr lacaf/kr ea=ky;@foHkkx dks Hksth@bZ&esy dh tkrh gS ftls lkekU;r% izfrosnu izLrqr djus dh frfFk ls rhu ekg ds Hkhrj vFkok Lo;a izfrosnu esa fofufnZ"V le; ds Hkhrj izfrosnu esa varfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa ij muds }kjk dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ n'kkZus okyk fooj.k yksd lHkk lfpoky; dks Hkstuk@bZ&esy djuk gksrk gSA [fu;e 34¼1½ vkarfjd dk;Z iz.kkyh fu;e] 107- lkekU;r% dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ fooj.k Hkstus dh vof/k rhu ekg ls vf/kd c<+kbZ ugha tk,xh ijarq viokfnd ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa dsoy lHkkifr ds vuqeksnu ls ;g vof/k c<+kbZ tk ldrh gS tks fd ,d ekg ls vf/kd ugha gksxhA ;fn bl c<+kbZ xbZ vof/k ds nkSjku dksbZ mÙkj@bZ&esy izkIr ugha gksrk gS] rks og ekeyk lHkkifr ds vkns'k gsrq muds le{k j[kk tk;sxkA [fu;e 34¼2½ foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds vkarfjd dk;Z&iz.kkyh fu;e] 108- mÙkjksa ls mRiUu dfri; eqíksa dks Li"V djus gsrq ea=ky;@foHkkx ls vfrfjDr tkudkjh ekaxh tk ldrh gSA dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ izfrosnu 109- lfefr ds izfrosnu esa varfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa ij ljdkj }kjk dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ dks n'kkZus okys fooj.k dh tkap dh tkrh gS vkSj lfpoky; }kjk dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ izfrosnu rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS ftlesa ikap v/;k; gksrs gSa vFkkZr~ ¼i½ lfefr dk izfrosnu ftlesa vU; ckrksa ds lkFk&lkFk fVIif.k;ka vkSj flQkfj'ksa 'kkfey gksa rFkk lfefr ds egRoiw.kZ fopkjksa dk Hkh mYys[k gks( ¼ii½ flQkfj'[email protected];ka] ftUgsa ljdkj us Lohdkj dj fy;k gS( ¼iii½ flQkfj'[email protected];ka] ftuds laca/k esa lfefr ljdkj ds mÙkjksa dks ns[krs gq, vkxs dkjZokbZ ugha djuh pkgrh( ¼iv½flQkfj'[email protected];ka] ftuds laca/k esa lfefr us ljdkj ds mÙkjksa dks Lohdkj ugha fd;k gS( vkSj ¼v½ flQkfj'[email protected];ka] ftuds laca/k esa ljdkj ds vafre mÙkj vHkh izkIr ugha gq, gaSA izk:i izfrosnu vuqeksnukFkZ lHkkifr ds le{k izLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA 31 32 110- lHkkifr }kjk vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ izk:i izfrosnu ij dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ laca/kh mi&lfefr }kjk fopkj fd;k tkrk gSA dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ laca/kh mi&lfefr }kjk izk:i izfrosnu ds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ bls lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks ifjpkfyr fd;k tkrk gSA dksbZ eqík ftl ij dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ laca/kh mi&lfefr vFkok lHkkifr dh jk; esa lfefr }kjk fopkj fd;k tkuk gS] mldk lnL;ksa dks Hksth xbZ lwpuk esa fo'ks"k :i ls mYys[k fd;k tkrk gSA 111- cSBd ds nkSjku fu.khZr la'kks/kuksa@ifjo)Zuksa dks 'kkfey djus ds i'pkr~ lHkkifr }kjk izfrosnu dks vafre :i fn;k tkrk gS vkSj bls lkekU;r;k lHkk esa izLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA fo/ks;d ¼ksa½ laca/kh izfrosnu ij fopkj djus dh izfØ;k 112- lfefr dks lkSais x, fo/ks;d ij izfrosnu izLrqr djus ds i'pkr~~ lfefr dk lfpoky; lHkk }kjk fo/ks;d ikfjr gksus ds mijkar ,d [email protected] rS;kj djsxk ftlesa ;g n'kkZ;k tk,xk fd D;k lfefr }kjk izLrkfor fVIif.k;ksa@flQkfj'kksa ij ppkZ dh xbZ@mUgsa Lohdkj@vLohdkj fd;k x;k rFkk D;k lfefr }kjk lq>k, x, la'kks/kuksa ds vfrfjDr vU; la'kks/kuksa dks Lohdkj fd;k x;kA bl iz;kstu ds fy, lacaf/kr ea=ky; ls vko';d tkudkjh izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA [email protected] dks lHkkifr ds le{k j[kk tk,xk rFkk muds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ mls lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks Hkstk tk,xkA [¼fu;e 36½ foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds vkarfjd dk;Z& iz.kkyh fu;e] lfefr ds izfrosnuksa ij ea=h }kjk oDrO; 113- lacaf/kr ea=h vius ea=ky; ls lacaf/kr yksd lHkk dh foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds izfrosnuksa esa varfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa ds dk;kZUo;u dh fLFkfr ds ckjs esa lHkk esa Ng eghuksa esa ,d ckj oDrO; nsxkA ¼^v/;{k ds funs'k* dk funs'k 73,½ dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ laca/kh fooj.kksa dks lHkk iVy ij j[kuk 114- dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ izfrosnu ljdkj dks Hkstrs le; lacaf/kr ea=ky; dks dh&xbZ&dkjZokbZ izfrosnu ds v/;k; ,d esa varfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa ij dh xbZ vFkok dh tkus okyh dk;Zokgh vkSj v/;k; ikap esa varfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa ds ckjs esa vafre mÙkjksa ds fooj.k ;FkklaHko 'kh?kz izLrqr djus ds fy, dgk tk,xkA bl izdkj ea=ky; ls izkIr gq, mÙkjksa dks ,d ^fooj.k* ds :i esa lesfdr fd;k tk,xk vkSj lHkkifr ds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ lHkk iVy ij j[kk tk,xkA ukS- lkekU; lHkkifr ds nkf;Ro vkSj 'kfDr;ka 115- lfefr dh cSBdksa esa izfØ;k ds laca/k esa dksbZ iz'u mBs rks mldk fu.kZ; lHkkifr gh djrk gSA ;fn izfØ;k ds iz'u ij ;k vU; fdlh izdkj dk lansg mRiUu gks rks] lHkkifr ;fn og Bhd le>s] bl iz'u dks v/;{k dks fufnZ"V dj ldrk gS vkSj v/;{k dk fofu'p; vafre gksrk gSA 116- lfefr dh cSBdksa ds dk;Zokgh lkjka'k dk vuqeksnu lHkkifr djrk gS vkSj v/;{k ;k lHkk dks izfrosnu izLrqr djus ls igys] lfefr dh vksj ls] og ml ij gLrk{kj djrk gSA izfrosnu v/;{k ;k lHkk dks izLrqr fd, tkus ls igys mldh izR;{k xyfr;ksa ;k rF;ksa laca/kh fo"k;ksa dks Bhd djus dh 'kfDr Hkh mls izkIr gSA 117- lfefr vkSj v/;{k ;k lfefr rFkk lHkk ds chp lHkh laokn lfefr ds lHkkifr }kjk Hksts tkrs gSaA bldk eryc ;g gS fd og lfefr dk izoDrk gS¹A lfefr dks izLrqr nLrkostksa ls vlalnh; 'kCn] okD;ka'k vFkok vfHkO;fDr;ksa dk fudkyk tkuk 118- ;fn lHkkifr dh jk; esa lfefr ds le{k izLrqr fd;s x;s fdlh nLrkost] tSls vH;kosnu] Kkiu bR;kfn esa ,sls 'kCn] okD;ka'k vFkok vfHkO;fDr;ka gksa] tks vlalnh;] vlaxr gksa vFkok tks fouez] f'k"V vkSj la;r Hkk"kk esa u gksa] vFkok vU;Fkk vuqfpr gksa] rks og ,sls 'kCnksa] okD; [k.Mksa vFkok vfHkO;fDr;ksa dks ml nLrkost ls fudkyus dk vkns'k ns ldsxkA [funs'k lañ 64 ¼1½] 119- v/;{k dks ,slh gh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa fdlh pht dks fudkyus dk vkns'k nsus vFkok bl izdkj ds nLrkostksa ls fdlh pht ds fudkyus ds laca/k esa fd;s x;s mu lc fofu'p;ksa ds iqujh{k.k dk vf/kdkj gksxk vkSj mlds laca/k esa mldk fofu'p; vafre gksxkA [funs'k lañ 64 ¼2½] ¹ dkSy vkSj 'kd/kj—lalnh; izfØ;k vkSj dk;Z lapkyu fu;e] NBk laLdj.k ¼2009½ i`"B 137 33 34 lfefr dk viw.kZ dk;Z 120- lfefr dk dk;Z lrr Lo:i dk gS vkSj ;g lkekU;r% ,d izFkk gS fd lfefr dk tks dk;Z mlds dk;Zdky dh lekfIr ij viw.kZ jg tkrk gS mls vkus okyh vxyh lfefr iqu% ogha ls 'kq: djrh gSA v/;{k dh funs'k nsus dh 'kfDr 121- v/;{k le;≤ ij lfefr ds lHkkifr dks mls funs'k ns ldsxk ftUgsa og mldh izfØ;k ds fofu;eu rFkk mlds dk;Z laxBu ds fy, vko';d le>sA [fu;e 283¼1½] nl- ijEijk,a lfefr ds ikl igys ls miyC/k tkapk/khu fo"k; dh tkap djus ds fy, ljdkj }kjk lfefr dh fu;qfDr 122- igys ls fdlh LFkk;h lfefr ds tkapk/khu fo"k; dh tkap djus ds fy, ljdkj }kjk lfefr dh fu;qfDr ds laca/k esa fuEufyf[kr ijEijkvksa dk ikyu fd;k tkrk gS%— ¼,d½ ¼d½ ;fn fdlh ea=ky;@foHkkx dk fopkj fdlh ekeys dh tkap ;k Nku&chu djus dk gS rks mls lfefr ds lfpoky; ls ;g tku ysuk pkfg, fd D;k og ekeyk LFkk;h lfefr ds tkapk/khu igys ls gh rks ugha gS( ¼[k½ ;fn ekeyk igys ls lfefr ds tkapk/khu gS rks ljdkj }kjk bl iz;kstukFkZ fdlh vU; lfefr dk xBu rc rd ugha fd;k tk,xk tc rd fd ,slh lfefr dh fu;qfDr tufgr esa vifjgk;Z u gksA ¼nks½ ¼d½ ;fn ,slh lfefr dh fu;qfDr vko';d le>h tk, rks LFkk;h lfefr dh fcuk iwoZ lykg ds fdlh Hkh laln lnL; dks ,slh lfefr dk lnL; fu;qDr ugha fd;k tk,xkA ,slk ijke'kZ lfefr lfpoky; ds ek/;e ls fd;k tk,xk( ¼[k½ bl izdkj xfBr lfefr esa lnL; ds :i esa ;fn dksbZ laln lnL; gS rks mldh fjiksVZ lfefr lfpoky; ds ek/;e ls LFkk;h lfefr ls iwoZ ijke'kZ ds fcuk izdkf'kr ugha dh tk,xhA ;fn ea=ky; vkSj lalnh; lfefr ds chp dksbZ erHksn mRiUu gksrk gS rks v/;{k dk ekxZn'kZu fy;k tkuk pkfg,A 123- mi;qZDr izfØ;k mu fo'kq) foHkkxh; lfefr;ksa ij ykxw ugha gksrh gS ftudh lajpuk vkSj xBu dsoy vf/kdkfj;ksa dks ysdj iz'uksa dh tkap ds fy, dh xbZ gks ,oa ftudh fjiksVks± dks izdkf'kr u fd;k tkuk gksA [lalnh; dk;Z ea=ky;] dkñKkñ lañ 119 ¼vkbZ½@57&, ih,] fnukad 25 twu] 1957] 35 36 124- lfefr;ksa }kjk fuEufyf[kr lkekU; ijEijkvksa dk ikyu fd;k tkrk gS%— lfefr ds fopkjk/khu fo"k; dks lHkk esa mBkus ij izfrca/k ¼,d½ lfefr ds lnL;] ;FkklaHko] ,sls fo"k;ksa dks lHkk esa mBkus ls cprs gSa tks lfefr ds fopkjk/khu gkssaA ;g lfefr ds fopkjk/khu fo"k;ksa ls lacaf/kr iz'uksa rFkk vuqiwjd iz'uksa dks iwNus] ladYiksa vkSj dVkSrh izLrkoksa lfgr izLrkoksa dks iyVdj j[kus rFkk lkFk gh lHkk esa okn&fookn esa Hkkx ysus ij ykxw gksrk gSA lwpuk dk xqIr j[kk tkuk ¼nks½ lnL;ksa dks lnL; ds :i esa vFkok O;fDrxr :i ls izkIr fdlh tkudkjh vkSj lfefr esa mRiUu fdlh fookn ds fo"k; dk izdVu ckgj ugaha fd;k tkrk gS ,oa ckgj dksbZ ,slh ppkZ ugha dh tkrh gS fd lfefr dh flQkfj'k D;k gksxhA lfefr ds lnL; lfefr dh dk;Zokgh dk izdVu izsl ;k turk dks ugha djrs gSaA lHkkifr }kjk ehfM;k dks tkudkjh nsuk ¼rhu½ lfefr ;k mldh mi&lfefr ds dk;Zdj.k ls lacaf/kr mi;ksxh tkudkjh ehfM;k dks dsoy lHkkifr }kjk gh nh tkrh gSA izsl uksV ¼pkj½ lfefr lk{; ysus ;k fopkj&foe'kZ gsrq dh xbZ viuh cSBdksa ds laca/k esa dksbZ izsl uksV tkjh ugha djrhA rFkkfi] izfrosnu izLrqr fd, tkus ds i'pkr~ izfrosnu esa dh xbZ dqN lokZf/kd egRoiw.kZ flQkfj'kksa dks bafxr djrs gq, lHkkifr dh vuqefr ls lfpoky; }kjk ,d izsl izdk'kuh tkjh dh tkrh gSA fo'ks"k:i ls ;fn lHkkifr pkgs rks izfrosnu esa vUrfoZ"V egRoiw.kZ flQkfj'[email protected];ksa dh tkudkjh nsus ds fy, laoknnkrk lEesyu cqyk ldrk gSA lk{kh ds :i esa lnL;ksa dk mifLFkr gksuk ¼ikap½ fdlh Hkh ekeys tks lfefr ds ifjoh{kk/khu gS] ds laca/k esa LFkk;h lfefr dk dksbZ lnL; vkSipkfjd vFkok vukSipkfjd :i ls lk{kh ds :i esa fdlh lfefr] vk;ksx ds le{k mifLFkr ugha gks ldrkA foHkkxh; :i ls lac) dk;Z'khy LFkk;h lfefr;ka yksd lHkk LFkk;h lfefr;kas vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa] fo/ks;dksa] uhfr;ksa laca/kh izfrosnu dh la[;k vkSj okf"kZd izfrosnu@fo"k; ewy izfrosnu dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh dqy izfrosnu izfrosnu 10oha 17 309 113 422 11oha 17 154 50 204 12oha 17 161 80 241 13oha 17 463 324 787 14oha 24 622 414 1036 15oha 24 590 427 1017 16oha 24 568 502 1070 37 ifjf'k"V ,d ¼nsf[k, iSjk 13 vkSj 28½ foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds ckjs esa yksd lHkk ds izfØ;k rFkk dk;Z lapkyu laca/kh fu;eksa ¼lksygoka laLdj.k½ ls m)j.k foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ka 331x- ¼1½ lnuksa dh foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ka gksaxh ¼ftUgsa LFkk;h lfefr;ka dgk tk;sxk½A ¼2½ izR;sd LFkk;h lfefr ds {ks=kf/kdkj ds vUrxZr vkus okys ea=ky;@foHkkx ikapoha vuqlwph esa fofufnZ"V vuqlkj gksaxsA c'krsZ fd lHkkifr] jkT; lHkk rFkk v/;{k le;≤ ij ,d&nwljs ls ijke'kZ ls mi;qZDr vuqlwph esa ifjorZu djrs jgsaA xBu 331?k- ¼1½ fu;e 331x ds vUrxZr xfBr izR;sd LFkk;h lfefr esa 31 ls vf/kd lnL; ugha gksaxs] 21 lnL;ksa dks yksd lHkk ds lnL;ksa esa ls v/;{k }kjk uke&fufnZ"V fd;k tk;sxk vkSj 10 lnL;ksa dks jkT; lHkk ds lnL;ksa esa ls lHkkifr] jkT; lHkk }kjk uke&fufnZ"V fd;k tk;sxkA ¼2½ ea=h dks lfefr ds lnL; ds :i esa uke&fufnZ"V ugha fd;k tk;sxk vkSj ;fn dksbZ lnL; lfefr ds fy, uke&fufnZ"V gksus ds ckn ea=h fu;qDr fd;k tkrk gS] rks og ,slh fu;qfDr dh rkjh[k ls lfefr dk lnL; ugha jgsxkA ¼3½ ikapoha vuqlwph ds Hkkx&,d esa fofufnZ"V lfefr;ksa ds lHkkifr;ksa dh fu;qfDr lHkkifr] jkT; lHkk }kjk dh tk;sxh rFkk vuqlwph ds Hkkx&nks esa fofufnZ"V lfefr;ksa ds lHkkifr;ksa dh fu;qfDr v/;{k }kjk lfefr ds lnL;ksa esa ls dh tk;sxhA ¼4½ lfefr ds lnL;ksa dk dk;Zdky ,d o"kZ ls vf/kd ugha gksxkA 38 39 d`R; 331³ ¼1½ izR;sd LFkk;h lfefr ds d`R; bl izdkj gksaxs%— ¼d½ lacaf/kr ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa dh vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij fopkj djuk vkSj muds laca/k esa lHkkvksa dks izfrosnu izLrqr djukA izfrosnu esa fdlh Hkh izdkj ds dVkSrh izLrkoksa dk lq>ko ugha fn;k tk;sxk( ¼[k½ lacaf/kr ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa ls lacaf/kr ,sls fo/ks;dksa dh tkap djuk tks lHkkifr] jkT; lHkk vFkok v/;{k }kjk ;FkkfLFkfr] lkSais x, gSa vkSj muds laca/k esa lHkk dks izfrosnu izLrqr djuk( ¼x½ ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa dh okf"kZd fjiksVks± ij fopkj djuk vkSj muds laca/k esa izfrosnu izLrqr djuk( vkSj ¼?k½ nksuksa lnuksa esa izLrqr jk"Vªh; vk/kkjHkwr nh?kkZof/k uhfr laca/kh nLrkostksa] tks jkT; lHkk ds lHkkifr ;k v/;{k] ;FkkfLFkfr] }kjk lfefr dks lkSais x, gksa] ij fopkj djuk vkSj mu ij izfrosnu izLrqr djukA ¼2½ LFkk;h lfefr;ka lacaf/kr ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa ds nSuafnu iz'kklu ds ekeyksa ij fopkj ugha djsaxhA d`R;ksa ls lacaf/kr mica/kksa dh iz;ksT;rk 331p- fu;e 331 ³ ds mifu;e ¼1½ ds [kaM ¼d½ ls ¼?k½ esa ;Fkkmicaf/kr bu lfefr;ksa ds izR;sd d`R;] lHkkifr jkT; lHkk vkSj v/;{k }kjk fdlh d`R; fo'ks"k dh iz;ksT;rk ds lacaè essa vf/klwfpr rkjh[k ls bu lfefr;ksa ds fy, ykxw gksaxsA vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ls lacaf/kr izfØ;k 331N- izR;sd LFkk;h lfefr }kjk vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij fopkj djus vkSj mu ij lnuksa dks izfrosnu izLrqr djus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr izfØ;k dk vuqlj.k fd;k tk,xk%— ¼d½ lHkk esa ctV ij lkekU; ppkZ iwjh gksus ds i'pkr~ lHkk ,d fuf'pr vof/k ds fy, LFkfxr dj nh tk,xh( ¼[k½ lfefr;ka mi;qZDr vof/k ds nkSjku lacaf/kr ea=ky;ksa dh vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij fopkj djsaxh( 40 ¼x½ lfefr;ka mi;qZDr vof/k ds nkSjku vius izfrosnu izLrqr djsaxh vkSj blls vf/kd le; fn;s tkus dk vuqjks/k ugha djsaxh( ¼?k½ lHkk }kjk vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij bu lfefr;ksa ds izfrosnuksa ds ifjizs{; esa fopkj fd;k tk;sxk( vkSj ¼³½ izR;sd ea=ky; dh vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij i`Fkd izfrosnu gksxkA fo/ks;dksa ls lacaf/kr izfØ;k 331t- izR;sd LFkk;h lfefr }kjk fo/ks;dksa dh tkap rFkk muds laca/k esa lHkk dks izfrosnu izLrqr djus ds fy, fuEufyf[kr izfØ;k dk vuqlj.k fd;k tk,xk%— ¼d½ lfefr;ka mUgsa lkSais x, fo/ks;dksa ds lkekU; fl)karksa rFkk [kaMksa ij fopkj djasxh vkSj mu ij izfrosnu izLrqr djsaxh( ¼[k½ lfefr fdlh Hkh lHkk esa iqj%LFkkfir dsoy ,sls fo/ks;dksa ij fopkj djsxh ftUgsa] ;FkkfLFkfr] lHkkifr jkT; lHkk vFkok v/;{k }kjk mls lkSaik tk,( vkSj ¼x½ lfefr fn, x, le; esa fo/ks;dksa ij viuk izfrosnu nsxhA lfefr;ksa ds izfrosnu 331>- ¼1½ lfefr;ksa ds izfrosnu O;kid vke lgefr ij vk/kkfjr gksaxsA ¼2½ lfefr dk dksbZ Hkh lnL; lfefr ds izfrosnu ij foer fVIi.k ns ldsxkA ¼3½ foer fVIi.k nksuksa lHkkvksa ds izfrosnu ds lkFk izLrqr fd;k tk;sxkA lkekU; fu;eksa dh iz;ksT;rk 331´- flok, mu ekeyksa esa ftuds fy, LFkk;h lfefr;kas ls lacaf/kr fu;eksa esa fo'ks"k micaè fd;k tk,] jkT; lHkk esa vU; lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds fy, ykxw lkekU; fu;e] vko';d ifjorZuksa ds lkFk ikapoha vuqlwph ds Hkkx&,d esa ;FkkfofufnZ"V LFkk;h lfefr;kas ij ykxw gksaxs vkSj yksd lHkk esa vU; lalnh; lfefr;ksa ij ykxw gksus okys vke fu;e vuqlwph ds Hkkx&nks esa ;FkkfofufnZ"V LFkk;h lfefr;kas ij ykxw gksaxsA cSBdksa dk LFky 331V- LFkk;h lfefr;ka tc rd ;FkkfLFkfr lHkkifr] jkT; lHkk vFkok v/;{k vU;Fkk fof'k"V vuqefr u ns] laln ds ifjlj dks NksM+dj vU;= cSBd ugha djasxhA 41 fo'ks"kKk jk; ysus dk vf/kdkj 331B- LFkk;h lfefr;ka izfrosnu izLrqr djus ds fy, fo'ks"kKksa dh jk; vFkok tuer izkIr dj ldsaxhA fopkj u fd, tkus okys fo"k; 331M- LFkk;h lfefr;ka mu ekeyksa ij lkekU;r% fopkj ugha djsaxh ftu ij vU; lalnh; lfefr;ksa }kjk fopkj fd;k tkrk gSA izfrosnu dks izsjd ewY; dk ekuk tkuk 331<- LFkk;h lfefr;ksaa dk izfrosnu izsjd ewY; dk gksxk vkSj lfefr;ksa }kjk fn, x, ijke'kZ dks lqfopkfjr jk; ekuk tk,xkA ifjf'k"V nks foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds dk;Zdj.k dks 'kkflr djus okys lalnh; lfefr;ksa ls lacafèr lkekU; fu;eksa ds m)j.k ;Fkk fu;e 253 ls 286 lalnh; lfefr;ka lkekU; fu;e lalnh; lfefrA 253- bl v/;k; esa] tc rd izlax ls vU;Fkk visf{kr u gks ^^lfefr** dk rkRi;Z gS vkSj mlds vUrxZr gS fu;e 2 ds mifu;e ¼1½ esa ifjHkkf"kr ^^lalnh; lfefr**A lfefr dh fu;qfDrA 254- ¼1½ lfefr ds lnL;] ;FkkfLFkfr izLrko fd;s tkus ij lHkk }kjk fu;qDr vFkok v/;{k }kjk uke&funsZf'kr fd;s tk;saxsA ¼2½ ;fn dksbZ lnL; lalnh; lfefr esa dke djus ds fy, jkth u gks rks mls lfefr dk lnL; fu;qDr ugha fd;k tk;sxkA izLrkod ;g lqfuf'pr djsxk fd ftl lnL; ds uke dk og izLrko djuk pkgrk gS] og lfefr esa lsok djus ds fy, jkth gS ;k ughaA ¼3½ lfefr esa vkdfLed fjfDr;ksa dh iwfrZ] ;FkkfLFkfr] izLrko fd;s tkus ij lHkk }kjk fu;qfDr vFkok fuokZpu ls vFkok v/;{k }kjk ukefunsZ'ku ls dh tk;sxh] vkSj ,slh fjDrrk dh iwfrZ ds fy, fu;qDr ;k fuokZfpr ;k ukefunsZf'kr dksbZ lnL; ml dkykofè rd in èkj.k djsxk ftlds fy;s og lnL;] ftlds LFkku ij og fu;qDr] fuokZfpr ;k ukefunsZf'kr gqvk gS] lkekU;r;k in èkj.k djrkA lfefr dh lnL;rk 255- tc fdlh lnL; ds fdlh lfefr esa lfEefyr fd;s tkus ij ij vkifÙkA bl vkèkj ij vkifÙk dh tk;s fd ml lnL; dk bruk vfèd 42 43 oS;fDrd] vkfFkZd ;k izR;{k fgr gS fd mlls lfefr }kjk fopkj.kh; fo"k;ksa ij izfrdwy izHkko iM+ ldrk gS] rks izfØ;k fuEufyf[kr gksxh% ¼d½ ftl lnL; us vkifÙk dh gks og viuh vkifÙk dk vkèkj rFkk lfefr ds lkeus vkus okys fo"k;ksa esa izLrkfor lnL; ds vkjksfir fgr ds Lo:i dk] pkgs og oS;fDrd] vkfFkZd ;k izR;{k gks lqrF;r;k dFku djsxk( ¼[k½ vkifÙk dk dFku fd;s tkus ds ckn v/;{k lfefr ds fy, izLrkfor lnL; dks] ftlds fo#) vkifÙk dh xbZ gks] fLFkfr crkus ds fy, volj nsxk( ¼x½ ;fn rF;ksa ds lacaè esa fookn gks rks v/;{k vkifÙk djus okys lnL; ls rFkk ml lnL; ls ftldh lfefr esa fu;qfDr ds fo#) vkifÙk dh xbZ gks vius&vius ekeys ds leFkZu esa fyf[kr ;k vU; lk{; is'k djus ds fy, dg ldsxk( ¼?k½ tc v/;{k us vius le{k bl rjg fn;s x;s lk{; ij fopkj dj fy;k gks rks mlds ckn og viuk fofu'p; nsxk tks vfUre gksxk( ¼³½ tc rd v/;{k us viuk fofu'p; u fn;k gks rc rd og lnL;] ftldh lfefr esa fu;qfDr ds fo#) vkifÙk dh xbZ gks lfefr dk lnL; cuk jgsxk] ;fn fuokZfpr ;k ukefunsZf'kr gks x;k gks] vkSj ppkZ esa Hkkx ysxk] fdUrq mls er nsus dk gd ugha gksxk( ¼p½ ;fn v/;{k Bgjk;s fd ftl lnL; dh fu;qfDr ds fo#) vkifÙk dh xbZ gS mldk lfefr ds le{k fopkjkèhu fo"k; esa dksbZ oS;fDrd] vkfFkZd ;k izR;{k fgr gS] rks mldh lfefr dh lnL;rk rqjar lekIr gks tk,xh% ijUrq lfefr dh ftu cSBdksa esa ,slk lnL; mifLFkr Fkk mudh dk;Zokgh v/;{k ds fofu'p; }kjk fdlh Hkh rjg izHkkfor ugha gksxhA O;k[;k— bl fu;e ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, lnL; dk fgr izR;{k] oS;fDrd ;k vkfFkZd gksuk pkfg, vkSj og fgr tulkèkj.k ;k mlds fdlh oxZ ;k Hkkx ds lkFk lfEefyr :i esa ;k jkT; dh uhfr ds fdlh fo"k; esa u gksdj ml O;fDr dk] ftlds lfefr esa lfEefyr fd;s tkus ij vkifÙk dh tk;s] i``Fkd :i ls gksuk pkfg,A 44 v/;{k }kjk ukefunsZf'kr 256- v/;{k }kjk ukefunsZf'kr dksbZ lfefr] tc rd bl v/;k; esa lfefr dh inkofèA fufgr fu;eksa esa vU;Fkk fufnZ"V u gks mlds }kjk fufnZ"V dkykofè ds fy, ;k tc rd dksbZ ubZ lfefr ukefunsZf'kr u gks tk;s] in èkj.k djsxhA lfefr ls inR;kxA 257- ¼1½ dksbZ lnL; fuEufyf[kr izi= esa v/;{k dks lacksfèr vius gLrk{kj lfgr ys[k }kjk lfefr ls vius LFkku dk R;kx dj ldsxk% ^lsok esa] v/;{k egksn;] yksd lHkk] ubZ fnYyhA egksn;] e® ,rn~}kjk------ls------lfefr dh lnL;rk ls inR;kx djrk gwa] tks ¼fnukad½------ls izHkkoh gksxkA Hkonh; LFkku------fnukad------¼lnL; dk uke½* ¼2½ ;g inR;kx R;kxi= esa mfYyf[kr frfFk ls izHkkoh gksxkA ¼3½ ;fn R;kxi= esa inR;kx ds izHkkoh gksus dh frfFk dk mYys[k ugha fd;k x;k gS] rks ;g inR;kx dh frfFk ls izHkkoh gksxkA ¼4½ ;fn R;kxi= ij dksbZ frfFk ugha gS] rks ;g inR;kx yksd lHkk lfpoky; esa R;kxi= dh izkfIr ls izHkkoh gksxkA1 lfefr dk lHkkifrA 258- ¼1½ lfefr dk lHkkifr v/;{k }kjk lfefr ds lnL;ksa esa ls fu;qDr fd;k tk;sxk% ijUrq ;fn mik/;{k lfefr dk lnL; gks rks og lfefr dk lHkkifr fu;qDr fd;k tk;sxkA ¼2½ ;fn lHkkifr fdlh dkj.k ls dk;Z djus esa vleFkZ gks rks v/;{k mlds LFkku ij vU; lHkkifr fu;qDr dj ldsxkA 1yksd lHkk lekpkj Hkkx&2] fnukad 9-5-1989] ds iSjk la[;k 2930 }kjk izfrLFkkfirA 45 ¼3½ ;fn lHkkifr fdlh cSBd ls vuqifLFkr gks rks lfefr fdlh vU; lnL; dks ml cSBd esa lHkkifr dk dk;Z djus ds fy, pqusxhA 259- ¼1½ lfefr dh cSBd xfBr djus ds fy, x.kiwfrZ lfefr ds lfefr esa x.kiwfrZA lnL;ksa dh leLr la[;k dk] ;FkklEHko ,d frgkbZ ds fudV gksxhA ¼2½ ;fn lfefr dh fdlh cSBd ds fy, fuf'pr le; ij] ;k ;fn cSBd ds nkSjku fdlh le; x.kiwfrZ u gks rks lfefr dk lHkkifr ;k rks ml cSBd dks x.kiwfrZ gksus rd fuyfEcr j[ksxk ;k ml cSBd dks fdlh vkxkeh fnu ds fy, LFkfxr dj nsxkA ¼3½ tc mifu;e ¼2½ ds vuqlj.k esa lfefr] lfefr dh cSBdksa ds fy, fuf'pr dh xbZ yxkrkj nks frfFk;ksa dks LFkfxr dh tk pqdh gks] rks lHkkifr ml rF; dh lwpuk lHkk dks nsxk% ijUrq tc lfefr v/;{k }kjk fu;qDr dh xbZ gks rks lHkkifr ,sls LFkxu ds rF; dh lwpuk v/;{k dks nsxkA 260- ;fn dksbZ lnL; lfefr dh yxkrkj nks ;k vfèd cSBdksa ls lfefr dh cSBdksa ls lHkkifr dh vuqKk ds fcuk vuqifLFkr jgs rks ,sls lnL; dks lfefr vuqifLFkr lnL;ksa ls gVkus ds fy;s lHkk esa izLrko izLrqr fd;k tk ldsxk% dks gVkukA ijUrq tc lfefr ds lnL; v/;{k }kjk ukefunsZf'kr fd;s tk;sa rks lnL; v/;{k }kjk gVk;k tk ldsxkA 261- lfefr dh fdlh cSBd esa lc iz'u mifLFkr rFkk ernku djus lfefr esa fu.kZ;A okys lnL;ksa ds cgqer ls fuèkZfjr fd;s tk;saxsA 262- fdlh fo"k; ij er lerk dh voLFkk esa lHkkifr ;k lHkkifrRo lHkkifr dk djus okys O;fDr dk nwljk ;k fu.kkZ;d er gksxkA fu.kkZ;d er 263- ¼1½ lfefr fdUgha ,sls fo"k;ksa dh] tks mls fufnZ"V fd;s tk;sa] milfefr;ka fu;qDr tkap djus ds fy;s ,d ;k vfèd milfefr;ka fu;qDr dj ldsxh] djus dh 'kfDrA ftuesa ls izR;sd dks vfoHkDr lfefr dh 'kfDr;ka izkIr gkasxh vkSj ,slh milfefr;ksa ds izfrosnu lEiw.kZ lfefr ds izfrosnu le>s tk;saxs] ;fn os lEiw.kZ lfefr dh fdlh cSBd esa vuqeksfnr gks tk;saA 46 ¼2½ milfefr dks funsZ'k ds vkns'k esa vuqlaèku ds fo"k; ;k fo"k;ksa dk Li"Vr;k mYys[k fd;k tk;sxkA milfefr ds izfrosnu ij lEiw.kZ lfefr }kjk fopkj fd;k tk;sxkA lfefr dh cSBdsaA 264- lfefr dh cSBdsa ,sls fnu vkSj ,sls le; ij gksaxh tks lfefr dk lHkkifr fuf'pr djs% ijUrq ;fn lfefr dk lHkkifr rRdky u fey ldrk gks] rks egklfpo cSBd dh frfFk vkSj le; fuf'pr dj ldsxk% ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd ;fn foès;d lacaèh izoj lfefr ;k la;qDr lfefr ds ekeys esa lfefr dk lHkkifr rRdky u fey ldrk gks rks egklfpo ml ea=h ds ijke'kZ ls] ftlds ea=ky; dk foès;d ls lacaè gks] cSBd dh frfFk vkSj le; fuf'pr dj ldsxkA ftl le; lHkk dh 265- ftl le; lHkk dh cSBd gks jgh gks ml le; Hkh lfefr dh cSBd gks jgh gks ml cSBd gks ldsxh] ijUrq lHkk us foHkktu dh ekax dh tkus ij lfefr le; Hkh lfefr dh dk lHkkifr lfefr dh dk;Zokgh ,sls le; ds fy;s fuyfEcr dj cSBd gks ldsxhA nsxk ftlds Hkhrj] mldh jk; esa] lnL; foHkktu esa er ns ldsaA lfefr dh xqIr :i 266- lfefr dh cSBdsa xqIr :i ls gksaxhA esa cSBdsaA cSBdksa dk LFkyA 267- lfefr dh cSBdsa laln Hkou ds ifjlj esa gksaxh vkSj ;fn cSBd ;k LFkku laln Hkou ds ckgj cnyuk vko';d gks tk;s rks ;g fo"k; v/;{k dks fufnZ"V fd;k tk;sxk ftldk fofu'p; vfUre gksxkA tc lfefr i;kZykspu 268- tc dHkh lfefr i;kZykspu dj jgh gks rks lfefr ds lnL;ksa dj jgh gks rks vtuch rFkk yksd lHkk lfpoky; ds inkfèdkfj;ksa ds vfrfjDr lc O;fDr ckgj pys tk;saxsA ckgj pys tk;ssaxsA lk{; ysus vFkok 269- ¼1½ dksbZ lk{kh egklfpo ds gLrk{kfjr vkns'k }kjk vkgwr nLrkost eaxkus dh fd;k tk ldsxk vkSj og ,sls nLrkost is'k djsxk tks lfefr ds 'kfDrA mi;ksx ds fy, vko';d gksaA ¼2½ ;g lfefr ds Lofoosd ij fuHkZj gksxk fd mlds lkeus fn;s x;s lk{; dks og xksiuh; ;k xqIr le>sA ¼3½ lfefr ds le{k j[kk x;k dksbZ nLrkost lfefr ds Kku vkSj vuqeksnu ds fcuk u rks okil fy;k tk;sxk vkSj u mlesa Qsjcny dh tk;sxhA 47 270- lfefr dks O;fDr;ksa dks cqykus rFkk i=ksa vkSj vfHkys[kksa dks O;fDr;ksa dks cqykus eaxkus dh 'kfDr gksxh% rFkk i=ksa vkSj vfHkys[kksa dks eaxkus dh 'kfDrA ijUrq ;fn dksbZ iz'u mBrk gS fd fdlh O;fDr ;k lk{; ;k fdlh nLrkost dk is'k fd;k tkuk lfefr ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, laxr gS ;k ugha] rks og iz'u v/;{k dks fufnZ"V fd;k tk;sxk] ftldk fofu'p; vfUre gksxk% ijUrq ;g vkSj Hkh fd ljdkj fdlh nLrkost dks is'k djus ls bl vkèkj ij badkj dj ldsxh fd mldk izdV fd;k tkuk jkT; dh lqj{kk ;k fgr ds izfrdwy gksxkA 271- dksbZ lfefr] v/;{k ds funs'k ds vUrxZr] fdlh lk{kh dks lk{kh ds fy, odhyA viuh ckr fdlh ,sls odhy }kjk dgyokus dh vuqKk ns ldsxh tks mlds }kjk fu;qDr rFkk lfefr }kjk vuqeksfnr fd;k x;k gksA 272- ¼1½ dksbZ lfefr vius le{k ijhf{kr lk{kh dks 'kiFk ;k 'kiFk ij lk{;A izfrKku djk ldsxhA ¼2½ 'kiFk ;k izfrKku dk izk:i fuEufyf[kr gksxk% bZ'oj dh 'kiFk ysrk gwa ^^e®] veqd------lR;fu"Bk ls izfrKku djrk gwa fd e® bl ekeys esa tks lk{; nwaxk og lPpk gksxk] e® dqN ugha fNikÅaxk vkSj esjs lk{; dk dksbZ va'k >wB ugha gksxkA** 273- lfefr ds lkeus lkf{k;ksa dh tkap fuEu izdkj ls dh tk;sxh% lkf{k;ksa dh tkapA ¼,d½ lfefr] fdlh lk{kh dks tkap ds fy;s cqyk;s tkus ls iwoZ izfØ;k dh jhfr dks rFkk ,sls iz'uksa ds Lo:i dks fofuf'pr djsxh tks lk{kh ls iwNs tk ldsaxsA ¼nks½ lfefr dk lHkkifr bl fu;e ds [kaM ¼1½ esa mfYyf[kr izfØ;k dh jhfr ds vuqlkj lk{kh ls igys ,slk iz'u ;k ,sls iz'u iwN ldsxk 48 tks og fopkjkèhu fo"k; ;k rRlEcUèh fdlh fo"k; ds lEcUè esa vko';d le>sA ¼rhu½ lHkkifr ,d&,d djds lfefr ds vU; lnL;ksa ls dksbZ vU; iz'u iwNus ds fy, dg ldsxkA ¼pkj½ lk{kh ls lfefr ds lkeus dksbZ ,slh vU; laxr ckrsa j[kus ds fy;s dgk tk ldsxk tks igys u vk pqdh gksa vkSj ftUgsa lk{kh lfefr ds lkeus j[kuk vko';d le>rk gksA ¼ikap½ tc fdlh lk{kh dks lk{; nsus ds fy;s vkgwr fd;k tk;s rks lfefr dh dk;Zokgh dk 'kCn'k% vfHkys[k j[kk tk;sxkA ¼N%½ lfefr ds lkeus fn;k x;k lk{; lfefr ds lc lnL;ksa dks miyC/k fd;k tk ldsxkA fofu'p;ksa dk vfHkys[k 274- lfefr ds fofu'p;ksa dk vfHkys[k j[kk tk;sxk vkSj lHkkifr ds funs'k ds v/khu lfefr ds lnL;ksa esa ifjpkfyr fd;k tk;sxkA lk{; izfrosnu rFkk 275- ¼1½ lfefr funs'k ns ldsxh fd lEiw.kZ lk{; ;k mldk dksbZ dk;Zokgh dk xksiuh; va'k vFkok mldk lkjka'k iVy ij j[k fn;k tk;sA le>k tkukA ¼2½ dksbZ Hkh O;fDr] v/;{k }kjk fn;s x;s izkf/kdkj ds flok; ekSf[kd ;k fyf[kr lk{; ds fdlh va'k dk] vFkok lfefr ds izfrosnu ;k mldh dk;Zokgh dk tks iVy ij u j[kh x;h gks] fujh{k.k ugha dj ldsxkA ¼3½ fdlh lalnh; lfefr ds lkeus fn;k x;k lk{; lalnh; lfefr ds fdlh lnL; lk fdlh vU; O;fDr }kjk rc rd izdkf'kr ugha fd;k tk;sxk tc rd fd og iVy ij u j[k fn;k x;k gks% ijUrq v/;{k vius Lofoosd ls funs'k ns ldsxk fd mls lHkk iVy ij vkSipkfjd :i ls j[ks tkus okys igys lnL;ksa dks xqIr :i ls miyCè dj fn;k tk;sA fo'ks"k izfrosnuA 276- dksbZ lalnh; lfefr ;fn og Bhd le>s] fdlh ,sls fo"k; ij] tks mlds dk;Z ds nkSjku mRiUu gks ;k izdk'k esa vk;s vkSj ftls lfefr 49 v/;{k ;k lHkk ds /;ku esa ykuk vko';d le>s] fo'ks"k izfrosnu ns ldsxh] bl ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh fd ,slk fo"k; lfefr ds funs'k inksa ls izR;{kr;k lEcfU/kr ugha gS ;k muds Hkhrj ugha vkrk ;k muls vkuq"kafxd ugha gSA 277- ¼1½ tc lHkk us izfrosnu ds izLrqrhdj.k ds fy, dksbZ le; lfefr dk izfrosnu fuf'pr u fd;k gks rks izfrosnu ml frfFk ls ,d ekl ds Hkhrj izLrqr fd;k tk,xk ftl frfFk dks lfefr dks funsZ'k fd;k x;k Fkk% ijUrq lHkk fdlh Hkh le;] izLrko fd;s tkus ij] funs'k ns ldsxh fd lfefr }kjk izfronsu ds izLrqrhdj.k ds fy, le; izLrko esa mfYyf[kr frfFk rd c<+k fn;k tk,A ¼2½ izfrosnu ;k rks izkjfEHkd gks ldsaxs ;k vfUreA ¼3½ lfefr ds izfrosnu] ij lfefr dh vksj ls lHkkifr }kjk gLrk{kj fd;s tk;saxs% ijUrq ;fn lHkkifr vuqifLFkr gks ;k rRdky u fey ldrk gks rks lfefr dh vksj ls izfrosnu ij gLrk{kj djus ds fy, lfefr dksbZ vU; lnL; pqqqqusxhA 278- lfefr] ;fn og Bhd le>s] vius izfrosnu ds fdlh iwjs Hkkx izLrqrhdj.k ls igys dks lHkk es izLrqr djus ls igys ljdkj dks miyC/k djk ldsxhA ,sls izfrosnu dk ljdkj izfrosnu] tc rd fd os lHkk esa izLrqr u fd;s tk;sa] xqIr le>s dks miyC/k djkukA tk;saxsA 279- ¼1½ lfefr dk izfrosnu lHkk esa lHkkifr }kjk ;k mldh izfrosnu dk vuqifLFkfr esa lfefr ds fdlh lnL; }kjk izLrqr fd;k tk,xkA izLrqrhdj.kA ¼2½ izfrosnu izLrqr djrs le; lHkkifr ;k mldh vuqifLFkfr esa izfrosnu izLrqr djus okyk lnL;] ;fn dksbZ vH;qfDr djs rks og vius vkidks laf{kIr rF; dFku rd lfefr j[ksxk] fdUrq ml dFku ij dksbZ okn&fookn bl volj ij ugha gksxkA 280- v/;{k mlls izkFkZuk fd;s tkus ij vkSj tc lHkk l= esa u gks rks izfrosnu dk fdlh lfefr ds izfrosnu ds eqnz.k] izdk'ku ;k ifjpkyu dk vkns'k izLrqrhdj.k ls igys 50 eqnz.k] izdk'ku ;k ns ldsxk] ;|fi og lHkk esa izLrqr u fd;k x;k gksA ml voLFkk esa ifjpkyu izfrosnu lHkk eas mlds vkxkeh l= ds nkSjku izFke lqfo/kktud volj ij izLrqr fd;k tk,xkA izfØ;k ij lq>ko nus 281- fdlh lalnh; lfefr dks ml lfefr ls lEcfU/kr izfØ;k ds dh 'kfDrA fo"k;ksa ij v/;{k ds fopkjkFkZ ladYi ikfjr djus dh 'kfDr gksxh] tks izfØ;k esa ,sls ifjorZu dj ldsxk ftUgsa og vko';d le>sA foLr`r fu;e cukus 282- dksbZ lfefr v/;{k ds vuqeksnu ls bl v/;k; ds fu;eksa esa dh 'kfDrA fufgr micU/kksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, foLr`r izfØ;k ds fu;e cuk ldsxhA v/;{k dh funs'k nsus 283- ¼1½ v/;{k le;≤ ij lfefr ds lHkkifr dks ,sls funs'k dh 'kfDrA ns ldsxk ftUgsa og mldh izfØ;k ds fofu;eu rFkk mlds dk;Z laxBu ds fy, vko';d le>sA ¼2½ ;fn fdlh izfØ;k iz'u ij ;k vU; izdkj dk dksbZ lUnsg mRiUu gks rks lHkkifr] ;fn og Bhd le>s] ml iz'u dks v/;{k dks fufnZ"V dj ldsxk ftldk fofu'p; vafre gksxkA lfefr ds le{k 284- fdlh lfefr ds le{k yfEcr dksbZ dk;Z dsoy lHkk ds l=koklu yfEcr dk;Z lHkk ds dkj.k O;ixr ugha gksxk vkSj bl izdkj l=koklu gksus ij Hkh ds l=kolku ij lfefr dk;Z djrh jgsxhA O;ixr ugha gksxkA lfefr;ksa dk vlekIr 285- dksbZ lfefr tks viuk dk;Zdky iwjk gksus ;k lHkk ds fo?kVu ls dkeA igys viuk dke iwjk u dj lds] lHkk dks lwfpr dj ldsxh fd lfefr viuk dke iwjk ugha dj ldh gSA dksbZ izkjfEHkd izfronsu] Kkiu ;k fVIi.kh tks lfefr us rS;kj dh gks ;k dksbZ lk{; tks lfefr us fy;k gks] ubZ lfefr dks miyC/k fd;k tk;sxkA lkekU; fu;eksa dk 286- mu fo"k;ksa dks NksM+dj ftuds fy, fdlh fo'ks"k lfefr ls lfefr;ksa ij ykxw gksukA lEcfU/kr fu;eksa esa fo'ks"k micU/k fd;k tk,] bl v/;k; ds lkekU; fu;e lHkh lfefr;ksa ij ykxw gksaxs( vkSj ;fn tgka rd fdlh lfefr ls lEcfU/kr fof'k"V fu;eksa esa dksbZ micU/k lkekU; fu;eksa ls vlaxr gksa rks iwoksZDr fu;e ykxw gkasaxsA ifjf'k"V rhu ¼nsf[k, iSjk 28½ yksd lHkk ds v/;{k ds funs'kksa ¼ukSoka laLdj.k½ ls m)j.k tks foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ij Hkh ykxw gksrs gSa lalnh; lfefr;ksa ij lkekU; funsZ'kksa dh iz;ksT;rk 49- ,sls ekeyksa dks NksM+dj ftuds fy, fdlh fo'ks"k lfefr ds ckjs esa funs'kksa esa fo'ks"k mica/k fd;k x;k gks] bl v/;k; ds lkekU; funs'k lHkh lfefr;ksa ij ykxw gksaxs] vkSj ;fn fdlh lfefr laca/kh fo'ks"k funs'kksa esa dbZ mica/k lkekU; funs'kksa ls vlaxr gkas rks igyk ekuk tk;sxkA cSBdksa dk LFky 50- ¼1½ fdlh lfefr@mi&lfefr dh vkSipkfjd vFkok vukSipkfjd cSBdsa ftuesa yksd lHkk lfpoky; ds inkf/kdkfj;ksa vFkok deZpkfj;ksa dh mifLFkfr visf{kr gks] lnk laln Hkou dh ifjf/k ds vanj gh gksxhA ;fn fdlh dkj.k ls laln Hkou ds ckgj lfefr dh cSBd djuk vko';d gks tk;s rks og ekeyk v/;{k dks mlds funs'k ds fy, lkSaik tk;sxkA ¼2½ tc dksbZ lfefr v/;;u nkSjs ij gks rks nkSjs ds LFkku ij vukSipkfjd cSBd dh tk ldsxh fdarq ,slh cSBdksa esa u rks dksbZ fu.kZ; fd;s tk,axs vkSj u dksbZ lk{; fy;k tk;sxkA lHkk dh cSBd ds le; lfefr dh cSBdksa dk le; 51- tc rd v/;{k vU;Fkk vuqefr u ns] mu fnuksa esa tc fd lHkk dh cSBd py jgh gks] lHkk dh cSBd vkjaHk gks tkus ds ckn vkSj 15-00 cts ls igys fdlh lfefr dh dksbZ cSBd ugha gksxhA lnL; dk O;fDrxr] vkfFkZd ;k izR;{k fgr 52-d ¼1½ tgka fdlh lfefr ds lnL; dk fdlh fo"k; esa] ftl ij lfefr }kjk fopkj fd;k tkuk gks] O;fDrxr] vkfFkZd vFkok izR;{k fgr gks] rks og mlesa vius fgr dks lfefr ds lHkkifr ds }kjk v/;{k dks crk nsxkA ¼2½ v/;{k }kjk ekeys ij fopkj fd;s tkus ds i'pkr~~] og viuk fu.kZ; nsaxs tks fd vafre gksxkA 51 52 dk;Zokgh rFkk dfri; nLrkost xksiuh; le>s tk;saxs 55 ¼1½ lfefr dh dk;Zokgh xksiuh; le>h tk;sxh vkSj lfefr ds fdlh lnL; dks ;k fdlh dks ftldh ml dk;Zokgh rd igqap gS izR;{k ;k vizR;{k :i ls] mldh dk;Zokgh vkSj izfrosnu ;k vafre :i ls ;k LFkk;h :i ls fudkys x;s fu"d"kks± ds ckjs esa] izfrosnu ds lHkk esa miLFkkiu ls igys izsl dks dksbZ tkudkjh nsus dh vkKk ugha gksxhA ¼2½ tc dHkh ^xqIr* ;k ^xksiuh;* vafdr dksbZ i= ;k nLrkost fdlh lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks ifjpkfyr fd;k tk;s] rks fdlh Hkh lnL; }kjk ml i= ;k nLrkost dh fo"k;&oLrq v/;{k dh vuqKk ds fcuk foer fVIi.k esa ;k lHkk esa] ;k vU;Fkk izdV u dh tk;sxh] vkSj tc ,slh vkKk fey tk;s] rks ml jhfr ;k ml lhek ds ckjs esa] ftlds vuqlkj ml nLrkost esa vkbZ gqbZ tkudkjh izdV dh tk;s] v/;{k }kjk yxk;s x, fdlh ca/ku dk dBksjrk ds lkFk ikyu fd;k tk;sxkA mi&lfefr;ksa laca/kh izfØ ;k 56 ¼1½ ;fn dksbZ lfefr fo'ks"k ckrksa ij fopkj djus ds fy, fu;e 263 ¼1½ ds v/khu ,d mi&lfefr fu;qDr djs] rks mi&lfefr dk izfrosnu] mi&lfefr dh vksj ls lHkkifr ds leqfpr gLrk{kjksa lfgr fofgr vof/k rd izLrqr fd;k tk;sxk vkSj mldh izfr;ka lfefr ds lHkh lnL;ksa dks muds mi&lfefr ds izfrosnu ij fopkj djus ds fy, leosr gksus ls igys miyC/k djk nh tk;saxhA ¼2½ lfefr dk lHkkifr] mi&lfefr ds lHkkifr dks fu;qDr djsxkA ¼3½ mi&lfefr esa ;FkklaHko mlh izfØ;k dk vuqlj.k fd;k tk;sxk] ftldk vuqlj.k lfefr esa fd;k tkrk gSA lfefr ds izfrosnuksa ij ea=h }kjk oDrO; lfefr dh flQkfj'kksa dk dk;kZUo;u 73d- lacaf/kr ea=h yksd lHkk ds foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ds izfrosnuksa esa mlds ea=ky; ls lacaf/kr varfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa ds dk;kZUo;u dh fLFkfr ds ckjs esa lHkk esa Ng eghuksa esa ,d ckj oDrO; nsxkA ifjf'k"V pkj ¼nsf[k, iSjk 30½ foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ¼yksd lHkk½ ds izfØ;k fu;e ¼vkarfjd dk;Zdj.k½ tkap ds fy, fo"k;ksa dk p;u 1- lfefr le;≤ ij] ,sls fo"k;ksa] ftUgsa og mfpr le>s rFkk tks muds {ks=kf/kdkj esa vkrs gksa] dh tkap ds fy, p;u djsxh tks fuEufyf[kr ls lacaf/kr gksa%— ¼d½ lacaf/kr ea=ky;ksa @foHkkxksa dh vuqnkuksa dh ekaxsaA ¼[k½ lacaf/kr ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa ds fo/ks;d] tks lHkkifr] jkT; lHkk vFkok v/;{k] yksd lHkk }kjk lfefr dks lkSais tk;saA ¼x½ ea=ky;ksa@foHkkxksa ds okf"kZd izfrosnuA ¼?k½ nksuksa lnuksa esa izLrqr jk"Vªh; vk/kkjHkwr nh?kkZof/k uhfr laca/kh nLrkost] tc dHkh lHkkifr] jkT; lHkk vFkok v/;{k] yksd lHkk ;FkkfLFkfr }kjk lfefr dks lkSais tk;saA 2- mi;qZDr ¼d½] ¼[k½ vkSj ¼?k½ laca/kh dk;Z vfuok;Z g®A vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa rFkk fo/ks;dksa dh tkap laaca/kh izfØ;k] fu;e 331N rFkk 331t ds mica/kksa ds v/;/khu vf/k'kkflr gksxhA 3- lfefr ea=ky;@foHkkx ls lacaf/kr okf"kZd izfrosnuksa dh tkap ds laca/k esa vuqorhZ fu;eksa esa mfYyf[kr mica/kksa ds vuqlkj mu izfrosnuksa esa varfoZ"V ,sls fo"k;ksa dk p;u djsxh] ftUgsa og mfpr le>rh gksA mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny dh fu;qfDr 4-¼1½ lfefr o"kZ ds nkSjku pqus x, fo"k; ¼fo"k;ksa ½ dh foLr`r tkap ds fy, le;≤ ij ,d ;k vf/kd mi&lfefr ¼lfefr;ka½@v/;;u ny ¼nyksa½ dh fu;qfDr dj ldrh gSA ¼2½ lfefr vius fiNys izfrosnuksa esa vUrfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa ds laca/k esa ljdkj }kjk Hksts 53 54 x,] dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh laca/kh mÙkjksa ij fopkj djus rFkk dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh laca/kh izk:i izfrosnu ¼izfrosnuksa½ ij fopkj djus ds fy, ,d mi&lfefr dk xBu dj ldrh gSA ¼3½ lfefr dk lHkkifr] mi&lfefr ¼lfefr;ksa½@v/;;u ny ¼nyksa½ ds lHkkifr@la;kstd ¼la;kstdksa½@oSdfYid la;kstd ¼la;kstdksa½ dh fu;qfDr mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds lnL;ksa esa ls gh djsxkA 5- mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds d`R; ifjf'k"V&pkj ds vuqca/k&,d esa n'kkZ, x, g®A lfefr dks Hksth tkus okyh lkexzh 6- ¼1½ lfefr@mi&lfefr }kjk tkap fd, tkus okys fo"k;ksa ds laca/k esa lfpoky;] lfefr@mi&lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds mi;ksx ds fy, lacaf/kr ea=ky; @foHkkx@laxBu ls fo"k; ls lacaf/kr vko';d i`"Bk/kkj@izkjafHkd lkexzh ds vaxzsth rFkk fgUnh laLdj.kksa ds lsV i;kZIr la[;k esa Hkstus ds fy, fyf[kr esa vuqjks/k djsxkA ¼2½ fdlh ea=ky;@foHkkx@laxBu ls lacaf/kr tkap ds fy, pqus x, fo"k;ksa ds laca/k esa lfefr@mi&lfefr dks Hksth tkus okyh i`"Bk/kkj@izkjafHkd lkexzh lkekU;r% ifjf'k"V&pkj ds vuqca/k&nks ls ikap rd esa fn, x, fcUnqvksa ds vuqlkj gksxhA lnL;ksa dks lkexzh dk ifjpkfyr fd;k tkuk 7- lfefr@mi&lfefr ¼lfefr;ksa½ dh tkap ds varxZr vkus okys fo"k;¼fo"k;ksa½ ls lacaf/kr lkexzh lfpoky; esa izkIr gksus ds i'pkr~ lfefr@mi&lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks lg i= ds lkFk ;Fkk'kh?kz ifjpkfyr dj nh tk,xhA lfefr esa ifjpkfyr lkexzh xksiuh; le>h tk,xh 8- lfefr@mi&lfefr esa ifjpkfyr lkexzh dks xksiuh; le>k tk,xk vkSj fo"k; ls lacaf/kr izfrosnu dks lHkk esa izLrqr fd, tkus ls iwoZ mldh fo"k;&oLrq dh tkudkjh fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks ugha nh tk,xh vkSj lfefr@mi&lfefr ds vfrfjDr dgha Hkh ,slh tkudkjh dk dksbZ mYys[k ugha fd;k tk,xkA rRi'pkr~ dsoy lHkk iVy ij j[ks x, nLrkostksa ;k vfHkys[kksa esa miyC/k tkudkjh dk gh mYys[k fd;k tk,xkA lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny dh cSBdsa 9- fo"k;ksa dh tkap ds fy, lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny }kjk le;≤ ij foLr`r dk;ZØe fu/kkZfjr fd, tkrs g®A lfefr dh cSBd ,sls fnu rFkk ,sls le; gksxh tks lHkkifr@la;kstd fu/kkZfjr djsA 55 cSBdksa dh lwpuk 10- lHkkifr@la;kstd }kjk lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny dh cSBd dh rkjh[k vkSj le; fu/kkZfjr fd, tkus ds i'pkr~ lacaf/kr lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds lnL;ksa dks lfpoky; }kjk rRlaca/kh lwpuk tkjh dh tk,xhA lfefr dh cSBd esa ^ehfM;k* dk izos'k oftZr 11- lfefr dh cSBdksa esa ehfM;k dk izos'k oftZr gSA rFkkfi] ;fn lHkkifr vko';d le>rs g® rks og lfefr }kjk dh xbZ ppkZ dh fo"k;&oLrq ds ckjs esa ehfM;k dks tkudkjh ns ldrs g®A laln esa fo"k; ij izfrosnu izLrqr djus ls iwoZ mu fo"k;ksa ij dh xbZ ppkZ dk mYys[k ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA lfefr dh cSBd esa lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds vfrfjDr vU; O;fDr;ksa dh mifLFkfr 12- dksbZ Hkh lnL;] tks lfefr dk lnL; ugha gS] dks LFkk;h rkSj ij fo'ks"k vkeaf=rh ugha cuk;k tkuk pkfg,A lfefr ,sls lnL; ls fo'ks"k lgk;rk ys ldrh gS vkSj mls fo'ks"k vkeaf=rh cuk, fcuk vkeaf=r dj ldrh gSA yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk dk dksbZ lnL; tks lfefr dk lnL; ugha gS vFkok jkT; fo/kkueaMy dk dksbZ lnL; vFkok jkT; fo/kkueaMy dk dksbZ vf/kdkjh lHkkifr dh vuqefr ls lk{; ysus ds le; lfefr dh cSBd esa mifLFkr gks ldrk gS ijarq fopkj&foe'kZ ds le; og lfefr dh cSBd esa mifLFkr ugha gks ldrkA rFkkfi] ,slk lnL; vFkok vf/kdkjh fdlh rjg u rks lfefr dh dk;Zokgh esa Hkkx ysxk vkSj u ghs lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds chp cSBsxkA lnL;ksa }kjk iz'u vkSj lq>ko 13- ¼1½ lfefr@mi&lfefr ds lnL;] lfpoky; }kjk mudks ifjpkfyr dh xbZ lkexzh dk v/;;u djus ds i'pkr~~ ,sls iz'uksa vFkok eqíksa dk lq>ko ns ldrs g® ftuds ckjs esa mudks vkSj fyf[kr tkudkjh dh t:jr gksA ¼2½ ;s iz'u vFkok eqís cSBd dh frfFk ls lkr fnu igys lfpoky; dks Hksts tk;saxsA ;fn lfefr@mi&lfefr dh cSBd vYi lwpuk ij gksrh gS rks Åij mfYyf[kr lkr fnu dh vof/k lHkkifr@la;kstd ds vkns'kkuqlkj de dh tk ldrh gSA ¼3½ lnL;] lfefr@mi&lfefr ds fopkjkFkZ] cSBd dh rkjh[k ls nks fnu igys vius lq>ko] ;fn dksbZ gksa] Hkst ldrs g®A 56 v/;;u nkSjs 14- ¼1½ lHkkifr }kjk ukefufnZ"V lfefr@mi&lfefr vFkok v/;;u ny] v/;{k dh iwokZuqefr ls tkap gsrq pqus x, fo"k; ls lacaf/kr fofHkUu laLFkkuksa vkSj izfr"Bkuksa dk rRLFkkfud v/;;u nkSjk] ;fn vko';d gks] dj ldrk gSA ¼2½ lalnh; lfefr;ksa }kjk nkSjs ds laca/k esa yksd lHkk v/;{k }kjk tkjh fn'kk&funsZ'kksa dk lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny }kjk v/;;u nkSjksa ds nkSjku ikyu fd;k tk,xkA ¼3½ lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds nkSjksa laca/kh fVIi.k lfpoky; }kjk rS;kj fd, tk,axs rFkk lHkkifr@la;kstd ds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ budh izfr lfefr@mi&lfefr@ v/;;u ny ds lnL;ksa ds voyksdukFkZ lHkkifr ds futh lfpo ds ikl j[kh tk,xhA ljdkj }kjk nLrkost rS;kj@izLrqr djuk 15- ¼1½ yksd lHkk ds izfØ;k rFkk dk;Z lapkyu fu;eksa ds fu;e 270 ds vuqlkj lfefr@mi&lfefr fo"k;ksa dh tkap ds laca/k esa fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks cqyk ldsxh vkSj fdlh Hkh dkxtkr ;k vfHkys[k dks ekax ldrh gSA ;fn lfefr@mi&lfefr }kjk ekaxs x, nLrkost xksiuh; gksa rks ,sls dkxtkr igys ea=ky;@foHkkx@lkafof/kd rFkk ljdkjh laxBuksa }kjk xksiuh; :i ls lHkkifr dks Hksts tk;saxs] tc rd fd lacaf/kr ea=h ;g izekf.kr u dj nsa fd mu nLrkostksa dks bl dkj.k miyC/k ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS fd muds izdV djus ls ns'k dh lqj{kk ;k fgrksa ij izfrdwy izHkko iM+sxkA ¼2½ lHkkifr fdUgha xksiuh; nLrkostksa dks lfefr@mi&lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks miyC/k djkus ls igys lacaf/kr ea=ky;@foHkkx@lkafof/kd vFkok ljdkjh laxBu O;Dr fopkjksa ij leqfpr :i ls fopkj djsxkA ;fn ea=ky;@foHkkx@lkafof/kd vFkok ljdkjh laxBu vkSj lHkkifr ds chp dksbZ erHksn gks rks mldk fu.kZ; fopkj&foe'kZ }kjk fd;k tk ldsxk vkSj ;fn fopkj&foe'kZ ds ckn dksbZ larks"ktud gy ugha fudyrk gS rks ekeyk v/;{k ds le{k muds fu.kZ; ds fy, j[kk tk,xkA ekSf[kd tkap ds fy, iz'u 16- ¼1½ lkf{k;kssa dk ekSf[kd lk{; ysus ds laca/k esa lfpoky;] eqíksa vFkok iz'u dh ,d lwph lHkkifr@la;kstd ds vuqeksnu ds fy, rS;kj djsxk ftlesa ,sls lq>ko lfEefyr fd, tk;saxs tks bl laca/k esa lfefr@mi&lfefr ds lnL;ksa ls izkIr gq, gksaA ¼2½ ekSf[kd lk{; ds fy, lHkkifr@la;kstd }kjk Lohd`r eqíksa vFkok iz'u dh lwph dh vfxze izfr;ka ea=ky;@foHkkx@lkafof/kd vFkok ljdkjh laxBu vkSj lfefr@mi&lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks Hksth tk;saxhA 57 ekSf[kd lk{; ysus dh izfØ;k 17- ¼1½ lHkkifr lkf{k;ksa ls lk{; ysus ls igys v/;{k ds funs'kksa ds funs'k 55¼1½ vkSj 58 dks i<+saxsA ¼2½ fdlh fo/ks;d ij fopkj ds le; lfefr lacaf/kr ea=ky; vkSj fof/k ea=ky; esa fo/ks;d ij dk;Z dj jgs vf/kdkfj;ksa dks lac) dj ldrh gS vkSj mudh mifLFkfr dh ekax dj ldrh gSA lk{kh dks iqu% cqykuk 18- lfefr ds tkapk/khu fdlh fo"k; ls lacaf/kr fdlh eqís ij vkxs lk{; ds fy, lfefr fdlh Hkh lk{kh dks iqu% cqyk ldrh gSA dk;Zokgh dk 'kCn'k% fjdkMZ 19- lfefr@mi&lfefr dh mu cSBdksa] ftuesa ea=ky; ds izfrfuf/k;ksa@xSj&ljdkjh lkf{k;ksa }kjk lk{;@laf{kIr tkudkjh nh tkrh gS] dh dk;Zokgh dk 'kCn'k% fjdkMZ j[kk tk,xkA lk{kh ¼lkf{k;ksa½ }kjk dk;Zokgh o`Ùkkar 'kq) fd;k tkuk 20- ¼1½ lfefr@mi&lfefr dh dk;Zokgh dk ;fn 'kCn'k% fjdkMZ j[kk tkrk gS] rks mls xksiuh; le>k tk,xk vkSj v/;{k ds vkns'k ds fcuk fdlh dks Hkh miyC/k ugha djk;k tk,xkA ¼2½ lfefr dh mu cSBdksa] ftuesa lk{; fy;k x;k gS] dh dk;Zokgh dk 'kCn'k% fjdkMZ rFkk mu ij vk/kkfjr izfrosnuksa ds izk:i vFkok mu ij vk/kkfjr izk:i ds va'k lacaf/kr ea=ky;@foHkkx dks iqf"V ds fy, Hksts tk,axs rFkk lfpoky; }kjk fofufnZ"V vof/k ds Hkhrj mUgsa lfpoky; dks okil Hkstuk gksxkA ¼3½ ea=ky;@foHkkx }kjk dk;Zokgh ds 'kCn'k% fjdkMZ esa 'kqf);ka L;kgh ls Li"V vkSj lqikB~; :i ls dh tk,axh vkSj ;s 'kqf);ka O;kdj.k vFkok vkadM+ksa ls lacaf/kr rF;kRed izR;{k xyfr;ksa vkfn dks 'kq) djus rd lhfer jgsaxhA ¼4½ ea=ky;@foHkkx lk{; ;k izk:i izfrosnu ds mu Hkkxksa dks] ftuds ckjs esa og le>rk gS fd mUgsa vafre izfrosnu esa lfEefyr ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,] lfefr@mi&lfefr dh tkudkjh esa yk,xkA ;fn lfefr@mi&lfefr] ea=ky;@foHkkx ds fopkj ls vlger gksrh gS rks og v/;{k ds /;ku esa ;g ckr yk,xh rFkk bl ij v/;{k dk fu.kZ; vafre gksxkA ¼5½ lfefr@mi&lfefr dh ftu cSBd ¼cSBdksa½ ds nkSjku lk{; fy;k x;k gS mudh 'kCn'k% dk;Zokgh dk izklafxd Hkkx lacaf/kr lnL;ksa dks ifjpkfyr fd;k tk,xk vkSj iw.kZ 58 dk;Zokgh dh ,d izfr lHkkifr ds futh lfpo ds ikl lfefr@mi&lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds voyksdukFkZ rFkk mlesa 'kqf) gsrq lfpoky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr rkjh[k rd j[kh tk,xhA fo"k; laca/kh foLr`r tkudkjh dh vis{kk 21- lfpoky; mu eqíksa dks uksV djsxk ftu ij lfefr@mi&lfefr dks lk{; ds nkSjku vkxs vkSj tkudkjh visf{kr gks rFkk lHkkifr@la;kstd ds funs'kksa ds varxZr ekeys ij ;Fkko';d dk;Zokgh djsxkA lfefr dh cSBdksa dk dk;Zokgh lkjka'k 22- lfpoky; lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny dh cSBd@cSBdksa ds dk;Zokgh lkjka'k dk izk:i rS;kj djsxkA lHkkifr@la;kstd vFkok ihBklhu lnL;] ;FkkfLFkfr] dk;Zokgh lkjka'k dks vuqeksfnr djsxkA 23- lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny dh izR;sd cSBd dk dk;Zokgh lkjka'k lHkkifr@la;kstd }kjk vuqeksfnr :i esa lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds lnL;ksa esa ifjpkfyr fd;k tk,xkA dk;Zokgh lkjka'k dk lHkk iVy ij j[kk tkuk 24- lfefr dh izR;sd cSBd dk dk;Zokgh lkjka'k rFkk mi&lfefr ¼lfefr;ksa½ dh mu cSBdksa] ftuesa lk{; fy;k x;k gS rFkk lfefr@mi&lfefr }kjk izk:i izfrosnu vuqeksfnr@Lohd`r fd;k x;k gks] dk dk;Zokgh lkjka'k rRlaca/kh izfrosnu ds lkFk lHkk iVy ij j[kk tk,xkA izk:i izfrosnu rS;kj djuk 25- ¼1½ vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ij fopkj djrs le; fu;e 331N ¼x½ ds mica/kksa dks /;ku esa j[kk tk,xk rkfd l=kodk'k ds i'pkr~ lHkk ds iqu% leosr gksus ij lfefr ds izfrosnu dks rRdky lHkk esa izLrqr fd;k tk ldsA ¼2½ fdlh fo"k; dh tkap iwjh gksus ds i'pkr~ lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny vius fu"d"kks± vkSj fVIif.k;ksa@flQkfj'kksa dks rS;kj djsxkA ¼3½ lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds fu"d"kks± rFkk fVIif.k;ksa@flQkfj'kksa ds vk/kkj ij lfpoky; izfrosnu dk izk:i rS;kj djsxkA lfpoky; }kjk rS;kj fd;k x;k izk:i izfrosnu lacaf/kr la;kstd@lHkkifr ds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ v/;;u ny@mi&lfefr@lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks ifjpkfyr fd;k tk,xkA 59 izfrosnu esa Kkkiu] fVIi.k vkfn 'kkfey fd;k tkuk 26- tc rd fdlh i=] Kkiu] nLrkost ;k fVIi.k ij ^^xksiuh;** vafdr u gks vkSj ea=ky; }kjk fof'k"V vuqjks/k u fd;k x;k gks fd bldh fo"k;&oLrq dks lkoZtfud u fd;k tk,] rks ,sls i=ksa dks] ;fn vko';d gks] rks ifjf'k"V ds :i esa izfrosnu esa 'kkfey fd;k tk ldrk gSA lfefr dks izLrqr fd, x, nLrkostksa dk okfil fy;k tkuk ;k muesa ifjorZu fd;k tkuk 27- lfefr dks izLrqr fd;s x;s fdlh Hkh nLrkost dks lfefr dh tkudkjh rFkk mldh Lohd`fr ds fcuk okfil ugha fy;k tk,xk vkSj u gh muesa ifjorZu fd;k tk,xkA lfefr }kjk izk:i izfrosnu Lohdkj fd;k tkuk 28- lnL;ksa ls izkIr lq>koksa] ;fn dksbZ gksa] lfgr izk:i izfrosnu ij lfefr dh cSBd esa fopkj fd;k tk,xk vkSj mUgsa Lohd`r fd;k tk;ssxkA ftl cSBd esa izfrosnu ij fopkj fd;k tk,xk vkSj mls Lohd`r fd;k tk,xk ml cSBd esa mifLFkr vf/kdka'k lnL;ksa ds fu.kZ; dks izfrosnu esa 'kkfey fd;k tk,xkA izfrosnu dk rF;kRed lR;kiu 29- lfefr ds vuqeksfnr@Lohd`r izfrosnu ¼flQkfj'kksa dks NksM+dj½ dh vfxze izfr;ksa ij ^^xksiuh;** vafdr dj mUgsa rF;kRed C;kSjksa ds lR;kiu gsrq lacaf/kr ea=ky;@foHkkx@lkafof/kd vkSj ljdkjh laxBu dks bl vuqns'k ds lkFk Hkstk tk,xk fd tc rd izfrosnu lHkk esa izLrqr ugha dj fn;k tkrk] rc rd mUgsa izfrosnu dh fo"k;&oLrq dks ^^xksiuh;** j[kk tk,A 30- ea=ky;@foHkkx@lkafof/kd vkSj ljdkjh laxBuksa ls fVIIf.k;ka izkIr gksus ds mijkar lHkkifr rRFkkRed v'kqf);ksa] ;fn dksbZ gksa] dks nwj djus ds fy, izfrosnu esa mi;qDr la'kks/ku dj ldrk gS ;k ;g funs'k ns ldrk gS fd ekeys dks lfefr ds le{k fopkjkFkZ j[kk tk,A izfrosnu ij gLrk{kj ¼izek.khdj.k½ 31- lfefr ds izfrosnu ij lfefr dh vksj ls lHkkifr }kjk gLrk{kj fd;k tk,xkA ijUrq] ;fn lHkkifr vuqifLFkr gks vFkok rRdky ekStwn u gks] rks lfefr] lfefr dh vksj ls izfrosnu ij gLrk{kj djus ds fy, fdlh vU; lnL; dk p;u dj ldrh gSA lHkkifr }kjk izfrosnu izLrqr djuk@lHkk iVy ij j[kuk 32- ¼1½ lnu esa izfrosnu lHkkifr }kjk izLrqr fd;k tk,xk fdUrq ;fn muds fy, ,slk djuk laHko u gks rks lHkkifr }kjk izkf/kd`r lfefr ds fdlh lnL; }kjk mldh vksj ls izfrosnu 60 izLrqr fd;k tk ldrk gSA izfrosnu dh izfr lHkkifr }kjk izkf/kd`r lfefr ds lnL; }kjk lkFk&lkFk jkT; lHkk ds iVy ij Hkh j[kh tkrh gSA ¼2½ izfrosnu izLrqr fd, tkus ds ckn] lfefr dh egRoiw.kZ flQkfj'kksa dks mtkxj djrs gq, izfrosnu dh izfr;ksa vkSj ^izsl foKfIr* dks vke turk ds ykHk ds fy, ehfM;k dks tkjh fd;k tk,xkA izfrosnu dk forj.k 33- lHkk esa izfrosnu izLrqr fd, tkus ds ckn ;Fkk'kh?kz mldh izfr;ka vuqeksfnr Mkd lwph ds vuqlkj yksd lHkk rFkk jkT; lHkk ds lnL;ksa rFkk vU; lacaf/kr O;fDr;ksa] izkf/kdkfj;ksa vkfn dks miyC/k djkbZ tk,axhA ljdkj }kjk dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh laca/kh fooj.k Hkstuk 34- ¼1½ ljdkj dks vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa@okf"kZd fjiksVZ@nh?kkZof/k jk"Vªh; uhfr laca/kh fjiksVZ Hkstrs le; lacaf/kr ea=ky;@foHkkx ls dgk tk,xk fd og lfefr ds izfrosnu esa varfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa vkSj fVIif.k;ksa ij dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh n'kkZus okyk fooj.k izfrosnu ds izLrqr djus dh frfFk ls rhu ekg ds vUnj HkstsaA ¼2½ lkekU;r% dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh fooj.k Hkstus dh vof/k rhu ekg ls vf/kd c<+kbZ ugha tk,xh ijUrq viokfnd ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa lHkkifr ds vuqeksnu ls ;g vof/k c<+kbZ tk ldrh gS tks fd ,d ekg ls vf/kd ugha gksxhA ;fn bl c<+kbZ xbZ vof/k ds vanj dksbZ mÙkj izkIr ugha gksrk gS rks og ekeyk lHkkifr ds vkns'k gsrq muds le{k j[kk tk,xkA dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh laca/kh fooj.k dh tkap 35- ¼1½ lfefr ds izfrosnu esa varfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa vkSj fVIif.k;ksa ds laca/k esa ljdkj }kjk dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh n'kkZus okyk fooj.k mi;qDr fVIif.k;ksa lfgr dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh laca/kh mÙkjksa dh tkap ds iz;kstu gsrq xfBr mi&lfefr rFkk mlds la;kstd ds le{k j[kk tk,xk] rnqijkar mi&lfefr dh flQkfj'kksa ds lkFk bls lHkkifr ds le{k j[kk tk,xkA ;fn bl iz;kstu ds fy, dksbZ mi&lfefr xfBr ugha dh xbZ gks] rks dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh ij ljdkj dk fooj.k lHkkifr ds le{k j[kk tk,xk] rRi'pkr~ lfefr ds fopkjkFkZ j[kk tk,xkA ¼2½ ,slk dksbZ Hkh fo"k; ftls lHkkifr vFkok la;kstd vFkok mi&lfefr dh jk; esa lfefr ds fopkjkFkZ j[kuk visf{kr gks] fo'ks"k rkSj ij lfefr ds le{k j[kk tk,xkA 61 ¼3½ dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh laca/kh izk:i izfrosnu ftlesa fuEufyf[kr v/;k; 'kkfey gksaxs] la;kstd@lHkkifr ds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ mi&lfefr@lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds fopkj gsrq Hkstk tk,xk%— ,d- izfrosnu( nks- flQkfj'[email protected];ka] ftUgsa ljdkj us Lohdkj dj fy;k gS( rhu- flQkfj'[email protected];ka] ftuds laca/k esa lfefr ljdkj ds mÙkj dks ns[krs gq, vkxs dk;Zokgh ugha djuk pkgrh( pkj- flQkfj'[email protected];ka ftuds laca/k esa lfefr us ljdkj ds mÙkjksa dks Lohdkj ugha fd;k gS( ikap- flQkfj'[email protected];ka ftuds laca/k esa ljdkj ds vafre mÙkj vHkh izkIr ugha gq, gSaA ¼lHkkifr }kjk izfrosnu ij gLrk{kj djus] mldk eqnz.k] mldks izLrqr djus rFkk mldk forj.k djus ls lacaf/kr fu;e 31 ls 33 vko';d ifjorZuksa ds lkFk dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh izfrosnuksa ij Hkh ykxw gksaxsA½ fo/ks;d ¼fo/ks;dksa½ laca/kh izfrosnu ij fopkj djus dh izfØ;k 36- lfefr dks lkSais x, fo/ks;d ij izfrosnu izLrqr djus ds i'pkr~ lfefr dk lfpoky;] lHkk }kjk fo/ks;d ikfjr gksus ds mijkar ,d [email protected] rS;kj djsxk ftlesa ;g n'kkZ;k tk,xk fd D;k lfefr }kjk izLrkfor fVIif.k;ksa@flQkfj'kksa ij ppkZ dh xbZ@mUgsa Lohdkj@vLohdkj fd;k x;k rFkk D;k lfefr }kjk lq>k, x, la'kks/kuksa ds vfrfjDr vU; la'kks/kuksa dks Lohdkj fd;k x;kA bl iz;kstu ds fy, lacaf/kr ea=ky; ls vko';d tkudkjh izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA [email protected] dks lHkkifr ds le{k j[kk tk,xk rFkk mlds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ mls lfefr ds lnL;ksa dks Hkstk tk,xkA dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh laca/kh fooj.kksa dks lHkk iVy ij j[kuk 37- dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh izfrosnu ljdkj dks Hkstrs le; lacaf/kr ea=ky; dks dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh izfrosnu ds v/;k;&,d esa varfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa ij dh xbZ vFkok dh tkus okyh dk;Zokgh vkSj v/;k;&ikap esa varfoZ"V flQkfj'kksa ds ckjs esa vafre mÙkjksa ds fooj.k ;FkklaHko 'kh?kz izLrqr djus ds fy, dgk tk,xkA bl izdkj ea=ky; ls izkIr gq, mÙkjksa dks ,d ^fooj.k* ds :i esa lesfdr fd;k tk,xk vkSj lHkkifr ds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ lHkk iVy ij j[kk tk,xkA izfØ;k laca/kh vfrfjDr fcUnq lfEefyr djuk 38- izfØ;k laca/kh dksbZ Hkh vfrfjDr fcUnq vFkok le;≤ ij cuk;s tkus okys fu;eksa esa fd, tkus okys Qsj&cny bu fu;eksa esa vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ 'kkfey fd, tk,axsA ifjf'k"V pkj dk vuqca/k (i) [nsf[k, fu;e 5] iSjk 39] fofHkUu mi&lfefr;ksa@v/;;u&nyksa ds d`R; ,d- u, fo"k; ls lacaf/kr mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ¼1½ ea=ky;@foHkkx vkfn }kjk Hksth xbZ i`"Bk/kkj@izkjafHkd lkexzh dk xgu v/;;u djukA ¼2½ la;kstd ds vuqeksnu ds i'pkr~ ea=ky;@foHkkx vkfn dks tkjh dh tkus okyh iz'ukoyh rS;kj djukA ¼3½ v/;;u&nkSjs ij tkuk rFkk rRlaca/kh v/;;u nkSjs ij fVIi.k rS;kj djukA ¼4½ ea=ky;@foHkkx vkfn ds izfrfuf/k;ksa dk ekSf[kd lk{; ysukA [;g dk;Z dsoy mi&lfefr ¼mi&lfefr;ksa½ ij ykxw gksrk gSA] ¼5½ mu eq[; eqn~nksa dks n'kkZuk] ftu ij izk:i izfrosnu rS;kj fd;k tk ldsA ¼6½ lEiw.kZ lfefr dks Hkstus ls iwoZ izk:i izfrosnu ij ppkZ djuk vkSj mls vuqeksfnr djukA nks- iwoZ izfrosnu ¼izfrosnuksa½ ij ljdkj }kjk dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh ij fopkj djus ls lacaf/kr mi&lfefr ¼mi&lfefr;ka½ ¼1½ ljdkj ls izkIr mÙkjksa dh tkap djukA ¼2½ mu fo"k;ksa dks n'kkZuk ftu ij dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh laca/kh izk:i izfrosnu rS;kj fd;k tk ldsA ¼3½ laiw.kZ lfefr dks fopkj ds fy, Hkstus ls iwoZ dh&xbZ&dk;Zokgh laca/kh izk:i izfrosnu ij ppkZ djuk rFkk mls vuqeksfnr djukA 62 ifjf'k"V pkj dk vuqca/k (ii) [nsf[k, fu;e 6¼2½] ¼iSjk 42½ vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ds fy, i`"Bk/kkj lkexzh ¼ftUgsa foHkkx@ea=ky; }kjk izLrqr fd;k tkuk gS½ esa 'kkfey fd, tkus okys fcUnq nLrkost ¼,d½ pkyw o"kZ ds fy, fu"iknu ctV ¼nks½ xr o"kZ dh okf"kZd fjiksVZ ¼rhu½ pkyw o"kZ ds fy, vuqnkuksa dh foLr`r ekaxsa mijksDr nLrkostksa ds vfrfjDr fuEufyf[kr lkexzah Hkh izLrqr dh tk,xh%— ¼pkj½ vko';d O;k[;kRed fVIi.kksa lfgr vuqnkukas dh ekaxksa dk lkjka'kA vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa dk fo'ys"k.k vFkkZr~ fiNys 2&3 o"kks± esa fofHkUu 'kh"kks± esa gqbZ o`f) dh izfr'krrk ds ckjs esa Hkh crk;k tk,A ¼ikap½ vkcafVr dh xbZ /kujkf'k] okLro esa [kpZ dh xbZ jkf'k] fofHkUu dk;Zdykiksa ds fy, fu/kkZfjr fd, x, y{;ksa dh rqyuk esa okLrfod miyfC/k;ka] y{; izkIr u djus ds dkj.k] ;fn dksbZ gksa] ds ckjs esa foLr`r fVIi.kA ¼Ng½ fiNys nks o"kks± ds nkSjku fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ /kujkf'k] O;; dh xbZ /kujkf'k rFkk fofHkUu dk;Zdykiksa ds fy, fu/kkZfjr fd, x, y{;ksa dh rqyuk esa izkIr miyfC/k;kaA ¼lkr½ vfxze vk;kstuk laca/kh fVIi.kA 63 ifjf'k"V pkj dk vuqca/k (iii) [nsf[k, fu;e 6¼2½] ¼iSjk 42½ vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa ds fy, izkjafHkd lkexzh ¼ftUgsa foHkkx@ea=ky; }kjk izLrqr fd;k tkuk gS½ esa 'kkfey fd, tkus okys fcUnq foHkkx@ea=ky; ds dk;kZUo;uk/khu fofHkUu ;kstukvksa@ifj;kstukvksa laca/kh fVIi.k ¼izR;sd ;kstuk ds fy, vyx&vyx½ ftuesa fuEufyf[kr tkudkjh varfoZ"V gks%— ¼,d½ lHkh izeq[k ;kstukvksa@ifj;kstukvksa dk laf{kIr fooj.kA ¼nks½ dqy ifjO;;% o"kZ&okj@ifj;kstuk&okjA ¼rhu½ ;kstuk@izR;sd Ldhe esa fu/kkZfjr okLrfod vkSj foÙkh; y{;] ;fn dksbZ gksaA ¼pkj½ iwoZorhZ o"kZ ds nkSjku ;kstuk y{;ksa ¼okLrfod vkSj foÙkh; nksuksa½ dh izkfIr dh izfr'krrk vkSj y{;ksa dh izkfIr esa /kheh izxfr ds dkj.k] ;fn dksbZ gksaA ¼ikap½ fiNys rhu o"kks± ds nkSjku foHkkx@ea=ky; }kjk Hksts x, izLrko vkSj okLro esa nh x;h /kujkf'k] esa vUrj] ;fn dksbZ gks] ds dkj.kA ¼Ng½ fiNys nks o"kks± ds fy, ctV vuqeku] la'kksf/kr vuqeku vkSj okLrfod [kpZ n'kkZus okyk fooj.k vkSj pkyw o"kZ ds fy, ctV vuqekuA ¼lkr½ fiNys nks o"kks± ds nkSjku okLrfod O;; vkSj la'kksf/kr vuqekuA ¼vkB½ fiNys nks o"kks± esa izR;sd o"kZ ds nkSjku fu/kkZfjr okLrfod y{; vkSj rRlaca/kh miyfCè vkSj y{; izkIr djus esa deh ds dkj.k] ;fn dksbZ gksaA ¼ukS½ fiNys nks o"kks± ds nkSjku fu/kkZfjr fd, x, okLrfod vkSj foÙkh; y{;ksa ds chp vUrj rFkk blds dkj.k] ;fn dksbZ gksaA ¼nl½ Ldheksa ds dk;kZUo;u esa lq/kkj ykus ds fy, mBk, x,@mBk, tkus okys dne vkSj lq>ko] ;fn dksbZ gksaA ¼X;kjg½ Ldheksa ds fu"iknu dh fuxjkuh vkSj fu;a=.k iz.kkyhA 64 65 ¼ckjg½ Ldheksaa dh fiNyh iqujh{kk@ewY;kadu dh izfrA ¼rsjg½ fiNys o"kZ ds nkSjku lnu esa izLrqr vuqiwjd vuqnkuksa vkSj vfrfjDr vuqnkukas dh ekaxsa] mudk iz;kstu] vc rd O;; dh xbZ jkf'k laca/kh laf{kIr fVIi.kA D;k ea=ky; dk pkyw foÙkh; o"kZ dh 'ks"k vof/k ds nkSjku ,slh fdlh vuqiwjd vuqnkuksa dh ekaxksa dks izLrqr djus dk fopkj gSA ¼pkSng½ fiNys nks o"kks± ds fy, ctV vuqeku] la'kksf/kr vuqeku vkSj okLrfod :i ls miyC/k /kujkf'k rFkk fiNys nks o"kks± ds nkSjku ctV vuqeku vkSj la'kksf/kr vuqeku dh rqyuk esa okLrfod O;; esa varj] ;fn dksbZ gks] ds dkj.kksa lfgr pkyw o"kZ ds ctV vuqekuA ifjf'k"V pkj dk vuqca/k (iv) [nsf[k, fu;e 6¼2½] ¼iSjk 41½ ea=ky;@foHkkx }kjk izLrqr dh tkus okyh izkjafHkd lkexzh ¼vU; fo"k;ksa ds fy,½ esa 'kkfey fd, tkus okys fcUnq ¼,d½ ea=ky;@foHkkx rFkk mlls lEc) vkSj mlds v/khuLFk dk;kZy;ksa@'kk[kkvksa] ;fn dksbZ gSa] dk laxBukRed 66 ifjf'k"V pkj dk vuqca/k (v) [nsf[k, fu;e 6¼2½] ¼iSjk 42½ ea=ky;@foHkkx }kjk fo/ks;dksa dh tkap ls lacaf/kr nh tkus okyh i`"Bk/kkj lkexzh esa lfEefyr fd, tkus okys fcanq ¼,d½ fo/ks;d dh ,sfrgkfld i`"BHkwfe ftlesa vU; ckrksa ds lkFk&lkFk ,sls fo/kku dh vko';drk] mlds y{; rFkk mn~~ns'; 'kkfey gksaA ¼nks½ fo/ks;d esa varfoZ"V [kaMksa@mica/kksa ds laca/k esa mPp U;k;ky; rFkk mPpre U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ;] ;fn dksbZ gksaA ¼rhu½ ljdkj }kjk foxr esa fu;qDr] lfefr ¼lfefr;ksaa½ ;fn dksbZ gksa] ds izfrosnu ftUgksaus ,sls fo/kku ds vf/kfu;e dk lq>ko fn;k gksA ¼pkj½ fo'ks"kKksa] #fp j[kus okys nyksa] laxeksa rFkk vU; xSj&ljdkjh laxBuksa] ftUgsa fo"k; dk vPNk Kku gS] dh v|ru lwphA vU; dksbZ tkudkjh ftls lfefr izLrqr djus ds fy, dgs vFkok ljdkj ftls lfefr dks nsuk vko';d ;k mfpr le>sA 67 ifjf'k"V ikap ¼nsf[k, iSjk 52½ yksd lHkk lfpoky; ¼lfefr 'kk[kk&,d½ laln Hkou ubZ fnYyh&110 001- 3 vDrwcj] 2018 11 vkf'ou] 1940 ¼'kd½ funsZ'kkRed vkns'k la[;k&1342 fo"k; % lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds nkSjksa ds laca/k esa funsZ'kA lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds nkSjs vkSj nkSjksa ds nkSjku lfefr ds lkFk tkus okys vf/kdkfj;ksa dh la[;k ds laca/k esa fuEufyf[kr funsZ'kksa dk dM+kbZ ls ikyu fd;k tk;sxkA 2- lalnh; lfefr;ksa }kjk nkSjksa ds laca/k esa yksd lHkk v/;{k }kjk tkjh ekxZfunsZ'kksa dk bZekunkjhiwoZd ikyu fd;k tk,A 3- ¼d½ v/;;u nkSjksa gsrq dksbZ izLrko lkekU; vFkks± esa izLrqr ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A nkSjk izLrko esa nkSjs dk iwoZ fu/kkZfjr dk;ZØe] nkSjk fd, tkus okys LFkkuksa dk C;kSjk] nkSjs dk mís'; vkSj lfefr ds tkapk/khu fo"k; ds varxZr nkSjk fd, tkus okys laLFkku@laxBuksa dh izklafxdrk dk fooj.k gksuk pkfg,A lfefr }kjk ;Fkk Lohd`r nkSjs ds izLrko dk rn~~uqlkj izk:i.k fd;k tkuk pkfg, rFkk lHkkifr dks mudh Lohd`fr gsrq izLrqr fd;k tkuk pkfg,A lHkkifr }kjk ;Fkk Lohd`r izLrko dks rRi'pkr~ egklfpo ds ek/;e ls v/;{k ds le{k muds fopkjkFkZ rFkk vkns'k gsrq izLrqr fd;k tk,A 3- ¼[k½ nkSjs ls okil vkus ij] nkSjs ds laf{kIr fooj.k dks v/;{k dh tkudkjh gsrq izLrqr fd;k tkuk pkfg, rFkk nkSjk laca/kh ekxZfunssZ'kksa ds mYya?ku dks izR;sd ekeys esa egklfpo ds ek/;e ls ekuuh; v/;{k ds le{k izLrqr fd, tkus gsrq lacaf/kr lfefr ds lkFk tkus okys vf/kdkjh ny ds ofj"Bre vf/kdkjh }kjk fof'k"V :i ls fjiksVZ fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 68 69 4- lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds v/;;u nkSjksa ds laca/k esa ekxZfunsZ'kksa ds ekxZfunsZ'k la[;k&19 ds vuqikyu esa ekuuh; v/;{k }kjk egklfpo dks izR;k;ksftr 'kfDr;ksa ds v/khu ,sls vf/kdkfj;ksa dh la[;k] ftUgsa lfefr ds nkSjs ij tkus dh vuqefr iznku dh tk ldrh gS] ds laca/k esa fuEufyf[kr la'kksf/kr ekunaM fu/kkZfjr fd, x;s gSa%— ¼,d½ v/;;u nkSjs ds nkSjku lalnh; lfefr ds lkFk tkus okys vf/kdkfj;ksa ds ny dk usr`Ro lkekU;r% lfefr ds izHkkjh funs'kd ds ntsZ ds vf/kdkjh }kjk fd;k tk,xkA vR;ko';d gksus ij]tSlk fd egklfpo }kjk vuqefr nsa] ,sls vf/kdkfj;ksa ds ny dk usr`Ro lfpo@vij lfpo@la;qDr lfpo dj ldsaxsA bu vf/kdkfj;ksa esa ls] dsoy ,d vf/kdkjh dks vko';drk rFkk mudh miyC/krk ds vk/kkj ij lfefr ds lkFk tkus dh vuqefr gksxhA tgka ny ds usr`Ro ds fy, nkSjs ij tkus ds fy, buesa ls dksbZ Hkh vf/kdkjh miyC/k ugha gksxk] ,slh fLFkfr esa] vij funs'kd@mi lfpo ds ntsZ ds vfèdkjh dks vfèdkfj;ksa ds ny ds usr`Ro ds fy, lfefr ds lkFk tkus dh vuqefr gksxhA ¼nks½ ny ds 'kh"kZ vf/kdkjh ds vfrfjDr fuEufyf[kr la[;k esa lacaf/kr lfefr 'kk[kk ds vf/kdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa dks nkSjs ds nkSjku lalnh; lfefr ds lkFk tkus dh vuqefr iznku dh tk ldsxh% ¼d½ lfefr ds 10 lnL; rd—,d vf/kdkjh@deZpkjh ¼[k½ lfefr ds 11 ls 15 lnL;—nks vf/kdkjh@deZpkjh ¼x½ lfefr ds 16 ;k blls vf/kd lnL;—3 vf/kdkjh@deZpkjh ¼rhu½ iSjk 4 ¼,d½ vkSj ¼nks½ esa mfYyf[kr vf/kdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa ds vfrfjDr lHkkifr ds dsoy ,d oS;fDrd LVkQ lnL;—;k rks futh lfpo ;k vVSaMsaV nkSjs ds nkSjku lHkkifr ds lkFk tk ldrs gSaA ¼pkj½ lfefr ds lkFk tkus okys lHkh vf/kdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa ds laca/k esa egklfpo dh iwoZ vuqefr vfuok;Zr% izkIr dh tk,xhA ¼ikap½ nkSjs ij lfefr ds lkFk tkus okys vf/kdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa dh la[;k ds laca/k esa egklfpo dh vuqefr gsrq izLrko izLrqr djrs le; lacaf/kr 70 lfpo@vij lfpo@la;qDr lfpo }kjk fo'ks"k :i ls ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk,xk fd%— ¼d½ funs'kd vFkok vij funs'kd ;k lHkkifr ds oS;fDrd LVkQ ds lnL; vFkok fdlh vf/kdkjh dk uke lacaf/kr 'kk[kk ls tkus okys vf/kdkfj;ksa@deZpkjh lnL;ksa ds fo#) lek;ksftr ugha fd;k x;k gSA ¼[k½ vkxeu&izLFkku ;k=k dh Js.kh@jhfr dh ik=rk ds laca/k esa NwV rFkk nkSjs ij lfefr ds lkFk tkus okys vf/kdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa dh la[;k ds laca/k esa dksbZ Hkh izLrko vkerkSj ij izLrqr ugha fd;k tkrk gSA 5- nkSjk djus ds i'pkr~] nkSjs ij Hksts x, vf/kdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa dh la[;k ds laca/k esa ekunaMksa ls foiFku] ;fn dksbZ gks] rks mls egklfpo ds fopkjkFkZ i;kZIr vkSfpR; ds lkFk izLrqr fd;k tk,A 6- fnukad 3 twu] 2008 dk funsZ'kkRed vkns'k la[;k&1281 dk vf/kØe.k fd;k tkrk gSA gñ@& Vhñthñ paæ'ks[kj la;qDr lfpo ¼Qkby lañ 22@1@lh1@2018½ izfr% lHkh vf/kdkjh lHkh 'kk[kk,a lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds nkSjksa ds laca/k esa ekxZfunsZ'k ¼1½ lalnh; lfefr;ksa dks rRLFkkfud v/;;u nkSjk rc rd ugha djuk pkfg, tc rd fd lfefr ds fopkjk/khu fo"k; dh mfpr tkap ds fy, ;g vR;Ur vko';d u gksA ;fn furkar vko';d gks] rks lfefr nkSjk dj ldrh gSA ;g okaNuh; gS fd bl iz;kstukFkZ lfefr ds ,d&frgkbZ lnL;ksa ls vuf/kd lnL;ksa dh ,d NksVh mi&lfefr vFkok v/;;u ny cuk;k tk, tks vius v/;;u nkSjs ds i'pkr~ laiw.kZ lfefr dks viuh fjiksVZ izLrqr djsA ¼2½ nkSjs dsoy bl mís'; ls ugha fd, tkus pkfg, fd dksbZ pht ns[kuh gS vFkok LFkkuh; izkf/kdkfj;ksa ds lkFk fopkj&foe'kZ djuk gSA fopkj&foe'kZ lnSo laln Hkou esa mi;ksxh 71 72 ;fn ljdkjh vfrfFk x`g miyC/k u gks vFkok vf/kdkfj;ksa lfgr laiw.kZ lfefr@mi&lfefr@ v/;;u ny dks ljdkjh vfrfFk x`g esa Bgjkuk laHko u gks] rks lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny vkSj vf/kdkfj;ksa dks ljdkjh gksVy esa Bgjkus dh O;oLFkk dh tk,A ;fn ljdkjh gksVy miyC/k u gks] rks lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny vkSj vf/kdkfj;ksa dks lalnh; lfefr dh izfr"Bk ds vuq:i vPNs gksVyksa esa Bgjk;k tk,A lfefr ds fy, O;oLFkk izfr"Bkuq:i gks u fd vkMacjiw.kZ vkSj bldh ehfM;k vkSj turk }kjk vkykspuk dh dksbZ xqatkb'k u gksA lfefr ds lnL;ksa vFkok lkFk tkus okys vf/kdkfj;ksa ls ;g vis{kk ugha dh tkrh gS fd os fdlh fo'ks"k gksVy vFkok iaprkjk gksVy lqfo/kkvksa vkfn dh ekax djsaA nkSjs ds nkSjku lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds [kkuiku] Bgjus] vkSj ifjogu dk [kpZ lacaf/kr ljdkjh {ks= ds miØeksa vFkok laxBuksa }kjk ugha vfirq ekxZfunsZ'kksa ds vuq:i yksd lHkk lfpoky; }kjk ogu fd;k tk,xkA ¼5½ v/;;u nkSjksa ij Hksts tkus okys v/;;u nyksa vFkok mi&lfefr;ksa ds fopkjkFkZ fo"k; laf{kIr gksus pkfg, vkSj os fyf[kr :i esa fu/kkZfjr fd, tkus pkfg,A ¼6½ fopkjk/khu fo"k; ds laca/k esa lfefr }kjk vkSipkfjd lk{; ysus ls iwoZ v/;;u nkSjk fd;k tkuk pkfg, u fd lk{; ysus ds i'pkr~A ¼7½ v/;;u nkSjk ;Fkk vko';d U;wure vof/k ds fy, fd;k tkuk pkfg, tks lkekU;r;k 5 dk;Z fnol ls vf/kd ugha gksuk pkfg,A v/;;u nkSjs fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr esa ,d lky esa 10 fnuksa ls vf/kd ugha gksus pkfg,A ,d lky dk eryc lfefr ds xBu dh frfFk ls 12 eghuksa dh vof/k gksxh vkSj foÙkh; ekeyksa laca/kh lfefr;ksa rFkk vuqlwfpr tkfr vkSj vuqlwfpr tutkfr laca/kh lfefr ds ekeys esa bldk eryc mDr lfefr;ksa ds xBu ds izLrko esa ;FkkifjHkkf"kr vof/k gksxhA ¼8½ lacaf/kr iz'kklfud ea=ky;ksa@jkT; ljdkjksa ;k miØeksa dks nkSjs ds dk;ZØe dh i;kZIr le; iwoZ lwpuk nh tkuh pkfg,A ¼9½ lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny }kjk nkSjs ds dk;ZØe esa nkSjk vkjaHk gksus ds le; dksbZ ifjorZu ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg, D;ksafd ,slk djus ls jsyos] ,;jykbal] ljdkj ds lacaf/kr foHkkxksa rFkk vf/kdkfj;ksa dks cgqr dfBukbZ gksrh gSA ¼10½ lfefr nkSjs ds nkSjku laln ds [kpZ ij e/;orhZ ;k=kvksa dh vuqefr ugha nh tkuh pkfg,A 73 ¼11½ lfefr ds lnL;ksa vkSj muds lkFk tkus okys vf/kdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa ds ;krk;kr dh O;oLFkk fdQk;rh rjhds ls okrkuqdwfyr dkspksa ;k dkjksa esa ,d lkFk dh tkuh pkfg, vkSj izR;sd O;fDr ds fy, vyx&vyx okgu miyC/k ugha djk, tkus pkfg,A tgka dkjsa miyC/k djkbZ tkrh gSa ogka ,d dkj lfefr ds nks lnL;ksa ;k muds lkFk tkus okys nks vf/kdkfj;ksa ds fy, i;kZIr gSA vko';drk ls vf/kd miyC/k djk, x, okguksa dks rRdky okfil dj fn;k tk,A okgu dk mi;ksx lfefr ds dk;ksZa ds fy, fd;k tkuk pkfg, u fd futh nkSjksa ds fy,A ¼12½ lnL;ksa dks nkSjksa ds nkSjku mfpr izfr"Bk vkSj lEeku cuk, j[kus dh vksj fo'ks"k /;ku nsuk pkfg, rkfd lfefr dh fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ vkykspuk u gksA ¼13½ nkSjk vkjaHk gksus ls igys lnL;ksa dks vius vki esa bl ckr ds fy, larq"V gksuk pkfg, fd os ;k=k ds fy, iwjh rjg fQV gSa vkSj ;k=k ds nkSjku ruko dks >sy ldrs gSaA ¼14½ fdlh Hkh lnL; dks lfefr dh dk;Zokgh ds ckjs esa izsl ;k bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k dks oDrO; ugha nsuk pkfg,A tc Hkh izsl ;k bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k dks crk;k tkuk vko';d gks] rks ,slk lfefr ds lHkkifr }kjk gh fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ¼15½ lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds lnL;ksa@vf/kdkfj;ksa dks lacaf/kr laxBuksa ls dksbZ migkj Lohdkj ugha djuk pkfg,A ¼16½ lfefr ;k mi&lfefr vFkok v/;;u ny dks nkSjs ds le; fdlh futh i{k }kjk nksigj ds Hkkstu vFkok jkf= ds Hkkstu dk fuea=.k vFkok vU; vkfrF; Lohdkj ugha djuk pkfg,A lfefr vFkok mi&lfefr ;k v/;;u ny }kjk ;fn fdlh ljdkjh Hkkst ds fuea=.k dks Lohdkj fd;k tk, rks mlesa 'kjkc ugha ijkslh tkuh pkfg,A ¼17½ fdlh lnL; dks ljdkjh nkSjksa ds nkSjku fdlh vU; O;fDr dks vius lkFk ugha ys tkuk pkfg,A rFkkfi] lfefr ds lHkkifr dh iwoZ vuqefr ls LOkkLF; ds vk/kkj ij dksbZ Hkh lnL; viuh iRuh@ifr dks lkFk ys tk ldrk gSA viokn ds ekeyksa esa vFkkZr~ vR;ko';d :i ls ,sls ekeyksa esa tgka lnL; dh iRuh@ifr LOkkLF; vFkok vU; dkj.kksa ls nkSjs ij ugha tk ldrs gksa] ogka lnL; lacaf/kr lfefr ds lHkkifr ds ek/;e ls v/;{k dh iwoZ vuqefr ls fdlh vU; O;fDr dks vius lkFk ys tk ldrk gSA rRi'pkr~~ ekuuh; v/;{k lnL; ds ifr@iRuh ;k fdlh O;fDr dks nkSjs ij ys tkus dh vuqefr laca/kh lnL; ds vuqjks/k dks ekuuh; v/;{k dks u Hkstdj dsoy vuqeksnukFkZ lacaf/kr lHkkifr dks izLrqr fd, tkus dk vuqeksnu djrs gSaA [lanHkZ % lHkh la;qDr lfpoksa dks fnukad 15-1-2008 dks izsf"kr½ funs'kd ¼lhch&I½ dh fVIi.kh ¼ifjf'k"V&Ng½] ,sls ekeyksa esa vius iRuh@ifr vFkok ifjpj ds Bgjus] [kku&iku vkSj ifjogu izHkkjksa lfgr lHkh [kpZ lnL; ogu djsxkA ;fn dksbZ lnL; iwoZ vuqefr ds fcuk fdlh 74 O;fDr dks lkFk ys tkrk gS rks og u dsoy ,sls O;fDr ds leLr [kpZ ogu djsxk vfirq og mlds ckn lfefr ds fdlh nkSjs esa tkus ls Lo;a gh v;ksX; Hkh gks tk,xkA ¼18½ lfefr ds fdlh lnL; dks fdlh laLFkku] miØe]dk;kZy; ;k izfr"Bku ds ljdkjh v/;;u nkSjs ds nkSjku vFkok lac) izfr"Bku] miØe vkfn ds vf/kdkfj;ksa ds lkFk vukSipkfjd fopkj&foe'kZ ds nkSjku fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa viuh iRuh@ifr vFkok ifjpj dks lkFk ugha ys tkuk pkfg,A ¼19½ lkekU;r% lfefr ds lkFk nkSjs ij dsoy ,d vf/kdkjh gh tkuk pkfg,A ;fn ,d ls vf/kd vf/kdkfj;ksa dks tkuk gks] rks v/;{k dh iwoZ vuqefr yh tkuh pkfg,A lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds lHkkifr ds fy, fn'kkfunsZ'k ¼i½ dksbZ Hkh laxBu lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u lewg ds lnL;ksa@vf/kdkfj;ksa dks dksbZ migkj ugha nsxkA lHkh lHkkifr ;g lqfuf'pr djsaxs fd lfefr }kjk dksbZ migkj Lohdkj ugha fd;k tk,A ¼ii½ lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny rFkk vf/kdkfj;ksa ds fy, Bgjus dh O;oLFkk ljdkjh vfrfFk x`g esa dh tk,xh ftlesa ljdkjh {ks= ds miØeksa ds vfrfFk x`g@,e-,y-,- gksLVy@lfdZV gkÅl vkfn 'kkfey gSA tgka ljdkjh vfrfFk x`g miyC/k u gks vFkok vf/kdkfj;ksa lfgr lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds lHkh lnL;ksa dks ,d gh ljdkjh vfrfFk x`g esa Bgjkuk laHko u gks ogka lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny rFkk vfèdkfj;ksa ds Bgjus dh O;oLFkk ljdkj ds LokfeRo okys fdlh gksVy esa dh tk ldrh gSA tgka ljdkj ds LokfeRo okyk gksVy miyC/k ugha gS ;gka lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny rFkk vf/kdkfj;ksa ds Bgjus dh O;oLFkk lalnh; lfefr dh izfr"Bk ds vuq:i fdlh vPNs gksVy esa dh tkuh pkfg,A lnL; ;k lkFk esa u, vf/kdkjh fdlh fo'ks"k gksVy ;k ikap flrkjk gksVy dh lqfo/kkvksa] vkfn dh ekax ugha djsaxsA ¼iii½ lnL;ksa dks 'kjkc ijkslus dk l[r fu"ks/k gSA laxBu¼uksa½ }kjk blds fy, dgs tkus ij rqjar euk fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ¼iv½ lfefr ds lnL;ksa vkSj muds lkFk tkus okys vf/kdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa ds fy, ;krk;kr dh O;oLFkk fdQk;rh rjhds ls okrkuqdwfyr dkspksa ;k dkjksa esa ,d lkFk dh tkuh pkfg, vkSj izR;sd O;fDr ds fy, vyx&vyx okgu miyC/k ugha djk, tkus pkfg,A ogka dkjsa miyC/k djkbZ tkrh gS ;gka ,d dkj lfefr ds nks lnL;ksa ;k muds lkFk tkus okys nks vf/kdkfj;ksa ds fy, i;kZIr gSA vf/kd la[;k esa miyC/k djk, x, ifjogu ds lk/ku dks rRdky okil dj 75 nsuk pkfg,A okgu dk mi;ksx lfefr ds dk;ks± ds fy, fd;k tkuk pkfg, u fd futh nkSjksa ds fy,A ¼v½ fdlh lnL; dks ljdkjh nkSjksa ds nkSjku fdlh vU; O;fDr dks vius lkFk ugha ys tkuk pkfg,A rFkkfi] lfefr ds lHkkifr dh iwoZ vuqefr ls LokLF; ds vk/kkj ij dksbZ Hkh lnL; viuh iRuh@ifr dks lkFk ys tk ldrk gSA viokn ds ekeyksa esa vFkkZr~ vR;ko';d :i ls ,sls ekeyksa esa tgka lnL; dh iRuh@ifr LokLF; vFkok vU; dkj.kksa ds nkSjs ij ugha tk ldrs gks] ogka&lnL; lacaf/kr lfefr ds lHkkifr ds ek/;e ls yksd lHkk v/;{k dh vuqefr ls fdlh vU; O;fDr dks vius lkFk ys tk ldrk gSA ekuuh; v/;{k us ckn esa nkSjs ij ifr@iRuh vFkok lgpj dks lkFk ys tkus dh vuqefr fn, tkus laca/kh ;k vf/kdkj lacaf/kr lfefr ds lHkkifr dks izR;k;ksftr dj fn;kA [lanHkZ% funs'kd ¼lfefr 'kk[kk&I½ ds fnukad 15-1-2008 dk fVIi.k tks lHkh la;qDr lfpo dks Hkstk x;k ¼ifjf'k"V&Ng½]A ,sls ekeyksa esa vius ifr@iRuh vFkok ifjpj ds Bgjus] [kku&iku vkSj ifjogu izHkkjh lfgr lHkh [kpZ lnL; ogu djsxkA ;fn dksbZ lnL; iwoZ vuqefr ds fcuk fdlh O;fDr dks lkFk ys tkrk gS rks og u dsoy ,sls O;fDr ds leLr [kpZ ogu djsxk vfirq og mlds ckn lfefrs ds fdlh nkSjs esa tkus esa Lo;a gh v;ksX; Hkh gks tk,xkA ¼vi½ nkSjs ds nkSjku lfefr fdlh futh O;fDr@laxBu ls nksigj ds Hkkstu] jkf= ds Hkkstu vFkok vkfrF; Lohdkj ugha djsaxsA ¼vii½ lfefr }kjk LFkkuh; Hkze.k dks NksM+dj vf/kdkfjd nkSjk dk;ZØe esa 'kkfey ugha fd, x, LFkyksa dk Hkze.k djus ls cpuk pkfg,A lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds v/;;u nkSjksa ij gksus okys O;; dks yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; }kjk ogu djus ls lacafèr ekxZfunsZ'k izLrkouk ;g fu.kZ; fy;k x;k gS fd vc ls yksd lHkk vkSj jkT; lHkk lfpoky; lnL;ksa vkSj lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds lkFk tkus okys vfèdkfj;ksa ds vkokl] Hkkstu vkSj ifjogu vkfn ij gksus okyk O;; ogu djsaxsA blds ifj.kkeLo:i ea=ky;ksa@ljdkjh laxBuksa@ljdkjh {ks= ds miØekas }kjk lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds v/;;u nkSjksa ij fd, tkus okys O;; dh izFkk vc lekIr dj nh xbZ gSA bl fu.kZ; ds dk;kZUo;u gsrq O;kid fn'kkfunsZ'k vkxkeh iSjkvksa esa fn, x, gSa%— ,d- ljdkjh@lacafèr laxBuksa }kjk dh tkus okyh iz'kklfud O;oLFkk yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; orZeku izFkk ds vuq:i lfefr ds nkSjk dk;ZØe ds ckjs esa ea=ky;ksa@jkT; ljdkjksa@laxBuksa@ljdkjh {ks= ds miØeksa dks lwfpr djsaxsA lacafèr laxBu yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; ds funsZ'kkuqlkj nkSjs ds fy, vkokl] Hkkstu vkSj ifjogu lfgr vko';d O;oLFkk djsaxsA ;fn] ,d gh LFkku ij ,d ls vfèd laxBuksa dk nkSjk fd;k tkuk gS rks yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk lfpoky;] fof'k"V :i ls fy[ksaxs fd dkSu&ls ea=ky;@laxBu nkSjs ds fy, vko';d O;oLFkk djus gsrq vU; laxBuksa ds lkFk leUo; djus ds fy, uksMy laxBu gksaxsA ¼d½ Bgjus dh O;oLFkk lfefr ¼lfefr esa mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny 'kkfey gSa½ rFkk vfèdkfj;ksa ds fy, Bgjus dh O;oLFkk ,d ljdkjh vfrfFk x`g esa dh tk,xhA ¼ljdkjh vfrfFk x`g esa ljdkjh {ks= ds miØeksa ds vfrfFk x`g@,e,y, gkWLVy@lfdZV gkml vkfn 'kkfey gSa½A ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tkuk pkfg, fd lHkh vko';d lqfoèk,a miyCè djkbZ tk,a] Bgjus dk LFkku LoPN gks] dejk lkQ gks rFkk lnL;ksa dks dksbZ vlqfoèk u gksA tgka ljdkjh vfrfFk x`g miyCè u gks vFkok vfèdkfj;ksa lfgr lfefr ds lHkh lnL;ksa dks ,d gh ljdkjh vfrfFk x`g esa Bgjkuk laHko u gks ogka lfefr rFkk vfèdkfj;ksa ds Bgjus dh O;oLFkk ljdkj ds LokfeRo okys fdlh gksVy esa dh tk ldrh gSA 76 77 tgka ljdkj ds LokfeRo okyk gksVy miyCè ugha gS ogka lfefr rFkk vfèdkfj;ksa ds Bgjus dh O;oLFkk lalnh; lfefr dh izfr"Bk ds vuq:i fdlh vPNs gksVy esa dh tkuh pkfg,A lfefr ds fy, dh tkus okyh O;oLFkk mlds izfr"Bkuqdwy gksuh pkfg, fdUrq vkMEcjiw.kZ ugha gksuh pkfg, tks ehfM;k vkSj turk dks vkykspuk dk volj iznku djsA O;oLFkk fuEukuqlkj dh tkuh pkfg,:— ¼,d½ lnL;ksa vkSj lfefr ds lkFk vkus okys vfèdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa ds Bgjus dh O;oLFkk ,d gh LFkku ij dh tkuh pkfg,A ¼nks½ lfefr ds lHkkifr vFkok lfefr@mi&lfefr@v/;;u ny ds la;kstd gsrq lqyHkrk vuqlkj ,d lkèkj.k L;wV ¼vFkkZr~ cSBd d{k ds vykok ,d le; esa 5 vFkok 6 O;fDr;ksa ds lkFk cSBdsa vkfn vk;ksftr djus dh lq[k&lqfoèkvksa lfgr mi;qDr LFkku½ miyCè djk;k tkuk pkfg,A ¼rhu½ izR;sd lnL;@vfèdkjh gsrq i`Fkd ekud d{k ¼LVSaMMZ :e½ miyCè djk;k tkuk pkfg,A ¼pkj½ ;fn dksbZ lnL; viuh iRuh@ifr vFkok fdlh lkFkh ds lkFk gks rks vuqjksè fd, tkus ij mls nks O;fDr;ksa ds Bgjus yk;d d{k miyCè djk;k tk ldrk gSA rFkkfi] ekud d{k ¼LVSaMMZ :e½ vkSj nks O;fDr;ksa ds Bgjus yk;d d{k ds chp izHkkj esa varj rFkk lkFkh ds fy, Hkkstu vkfn ij gksus okys vU; O;;ksa dk Hkqxrku lnL; }kjk fd;k tk,xkA ¼[k½ fu;a=.k d{k lfefr ds Bgjus ds LFkku vFkkZr~ vfrfFk x`g@ljdkj ds LokfeRo okys gksVy@gksVy vkfn esa fu;a=.k d{k ds :i esa dk;Z djus gsrq ,d d{k vkjf{kr fd;k tk ldrk gS ftlesa laxBu ds nks vFkok rhu ofj"B vfèdkfj;ksa dks lfefr dks lgk;rk iznku djus ds dk;Z ij rSukr fd;k tk ldrk gSA fu;a=.k d{k esa VsyhQksu] QSDl e'khu vkSj dEI;wVj miyCè djk;k tk ldrk gSA fu;a=.k d{k ls lacafèr laxBu ds vfèdkjh pkSchlksa ?kaVs rSukr jgsaxsA ¼x½ VsyhQksu lqfoèk,a lnL;ksa vkSj vfèdkfj;ksa dks ,lVhMh@vkbZ,lMh lqfoèk,a iznku ugha dh tk,axhA ;fn dksbZ lnL; vFkok vfèdkjh bl lqfoèk dk mi;ksx djrk gS rks og bldk Hkqxrku djsxkA bl ckjs esa fd, x, fdlh Hkh O;; dh izfriwfrZ vuqes; ugha gksxhA rFkkfi] dk;kZRed vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, lHkkifr@la;kstd vkSj lfefr ds lkFk tkus okys ofj"Bre vfèdkjh ds d{k esa ,lVhMh lqfoèk lfgr VsyhQksu miyCè djk;k tk,xkA 78 ¼?k½ diM+k èqykbZ ¼ykaMªh½ lsok lnL;ksa vkSj vfèdkfj;ksa }kjk ;fn diM+k èqykbZ lacaèh fdlh lsok dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS rks ml ij vkus okyh ykxr dk Hkqxrku os Lo;a djsaxsA bl lsok ij fd, x, fdlh Hkh O;; dh dksbZ izfriwfrZ vuqes; ugha gksxhA ¼³½ ifjogu lqfoèk,a ¼,d½ nkSjk LFky ij Bgjus ds nkSjku lnL;ksa vkSj vfèdkfj;ksa dks ifjogu lqfoèk,a miyCè djkbZ tk,axhA lnL;ksa@vfèdkfj;ksa ds vkxeu vkSj izLFkku ij foekuiÙku@jsyos LVs'ku ls ykus vkSj ys tkus ds fy, Hkh ifjogu lqfoèk,a miyCè djkbZ tk,axhA ¼nks½ nks lnL;ksa@vfèdkfj;ksa gsrq ,d dkj i;kZIr gSA fdlh vR;ko';drk ls fuiVus ds fy, ,d vfrfjDr dkj dk izcaè Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA ¼rhu½ ns'k ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa fo"ke tyok;q lacaèh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij fopkj djrs gq,] tgka Hkh vko';d gks] okrkuqdwfyr dkjksa dk Hkh izcaè fd;k tk ldrk gSA ¼pkj½ ;fn dksbZ lnL; vius ifr@iRuh ds lkFk gks vkSj og ,d i`Fkd dkj pkgrk gS rks lacafèr lnL; dks vuU; :i ls dkj dk mi;ksx djus lacaèh laiw.kZ O;; ogu djuk gksxkA ¼ikap½ tgka mi;qDr le>k tk,] nks lnL;ksa@vfèdkfj;ksa gsrq ,d dkj ds LFkku ij ,d okrkuqdwfyr dksp dh lsok,a yh tk ldrh gSa rFkk mldk mi;ksx lfefr ds lnL;ksa vkSj vfèdkfj;ksa dh ifjogu vko';drkvksa ds fy, fd;k tk ldrk gSA ¼Ng½ lfefr ds lnL;ksa ds vkxeu vkSj izLFkku gsrq izcaè djus ds fy, lnL;ksa@vfèdkfj;ksa dk lkeku ys tkus ds fy, ,d vyx oSu dh O;oLFkk dh tk ldrh gSA ¼p½ [kku&iku O;oLFkk ¼,d½ lqcg dk uk'rk% lkekU;r% ] lqcg dk uk'rk gksVy [kpZ esa lfEefyr jgrk gSA lnL;ksa vkSj vfèdkfj;ksa dks mfí"V jsLrjka@Hkkst d{k essa bu lqfoèkvksa dk iz;ksx djus dh lykg nh tk ldrh gSA ;fn lqcg dk uk'rk 'kqYd esa lfEefyr ugha gS rks bldk izcaè nksigj@jkr ds [kkus ds izcaè dh i)fr ij fd;k tk ldrk gSA ¼nks½ nksigj@jkr dk Hkkstu% tgka nksigj@jkr ds Hkkstu dh ljdkjh O;oLFkk u gks] ogka uksMy laxBu }kjk lnL;ksa@vfèdkfj;ksa gsrq ,d jsLrjka@Hkkst d{k esa nksigj@jkr ds fy, cqQs@Hkkstu dh O;oLFkk dh tk ldrh gSA 79 ¼rhu½ pk;@dkWQh% lnL;@vfèdkjh pk;@dkWQh vkSj vYikgkj d{k lsok ¼:e lfoZl½ ds ek/;e ls ys ldrs gSaA ¼pkj½ is;ty% feujy okVj dh cksrysa i;kZIr la[;k esa lacafèr laxBu }kjk cktkj ls [kjhnh tk ldrh gSa rFkk lnL;ksa@vfèdkfj;ksa ds d{kksa esa miyCè djkbZ tk ldrh gSaA ¼ikap½ fofoè% lnL;ksa vkSj vfèdkfj;ksa dks 'kjkc ijkslus ;k bldh ekax djus ij l[r izfrcaè gSA lacafèr laxBu Hkh nksigj@jkr ds ljdkjh Hkkstu vkfn ds nkSjku 'kjkc ugha ijkslsaxsA ¼Ng½ ;fn laxBuksa ds vfrfFk x`gksa esa izcaè fd;k tkrk gS rks laxBu ds deZpkfj;ksa ij ykxw Hkkstu@vkokl izHkkj dh izfriwfrZ yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; }kjk dh tk,xhA ¼lkr½ ,sls ekeyksa esa tgka lM+d ekxZ ls yach ;k=k dh tkuh gks] vYikgkj gsrq vko';d O;oLFkk lfefr ds lkFk tkus okys vfèdkfj;ksa ds ijke'kZ ls yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; dh vksj ls dh tk ldrh gSA ¼N½ v/;;u nkSjksa ds nkSjku vukSipkfjd cSBdksa ds fy, izcaè ¼,d½ lacafèr laxBu ds fdlh Hkh la;a=@dk;kZy; esa lfefr ds nkSjs dh fLFkfr esa tgka dgha Hkh vko';d gks lacafèr laxBuksa ds nkSjs ds LFkku ij vukSipkfjd cSBdsa dh tk,aA ¼nks½ ;fn lfefr ds Bgjus ds LFkku ij] vFkkZr~ vfrfFk x`g@ljdkjh gksVy@gksVy bR;kfn esa vukSipkfjd cSBdksa dk vk;kstu djuk vko';d gks] rks mi;qDr lEesyu d{k dh cqfdax dh tk,A bl izdkj ds d{k rFkk vYikgkj lfgr vU; lacafèr izcaèksa ij [kpZ dk ogu yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; }kjk fd;k tk,xkA ¼t½ fpfdRlk vko';drk,a ¼,d½ ;fn lacafèr laxBuksa ds ikl fpfdRlk lqfoèk,a vFkkZr~ vLirky@vkS"kèky;@fpfdRld gksa] rks mUgsa lfefr ds lnL;ksa vkSj mlds lkFk vk, vfèdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa dh vkikrdkyhu fpfdRlk vko';drkvksa] ;fn dksbZ gksa] dks iwjk djus ds fy, dgk tk,A ¼nks½ ;fn laxBuksa ds ikl fpfdRlk lqfoèk,a u gksa] rks mUgsa tgka bl izdkj dk iSuy ekStwn gks] ogka ls eSfMdy iSuy ds ek/;e ls lqfoèk,a iznku dh tk;saA bl izdkj ds izcaèksa ij gq, O;; dk] dsUnzh; ljdkj LokLF; ;kstuk ds varxZr ykxw njksa ds vuqlkj yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; }kjk ogu fd;k tk,xk vkSj ;fn dksbZ vfèd O;; 80 gqvk gks rks] mls ekStwnk fu;eksa ds vuqlkj LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=ky; ds vuqeksnu ds ckn fofu;fer fd;k tk,A ¼>½ migkj dksbZ Hkh laxBu lfefr ds lnL;ksa vkSj lkFk esa x, vfèdkfj;ksa dks dksbZ migkj ugha nsxkA lfefr ds lnL; vkSj lkFk esa x, vfèdkjh dksbZ Hkh migkj Lohdkj ugha djsaxsA nks- ljdkj@laxBuksa ds O;; dh izfriwfrZ ¼d½ O;; dh izfriwfrZ ds fy, yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; }kjk viuk, tkus okys fn'kkfunsZZ'k:— ¼,d½ yksd lHkk lfpoky;@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; esa izfriwfrZ ds fy, izkIr lHkh fcyksa dh igys lacafèr lfefr 'kk[kk }kjk tkap dh tk,xh rFkk mUgsa lR;kfir fd;k tk,xk vkSj lfefr ds lkFk x, ofj"Bre vfèdkjh }kjkμ¼,d½ nkSjs ij x, lnL;ksa@vfèdkfj;ksa] ¼nks½ mi;ksx esa yk;s x;s vfrfFk x`g@gksVy ds dejksa rFkk okguksa ds C;kSjs ds ckjs esa vuqeksnu fd;k tk;sxk vkSj rRi'pkr~ vko';d dk;Zokgh gsrq ch,aMih 'kk[kk ¼yksd lHkk lfpoky;½@,e,l,.M, rFkk LFkkiuk ¼ys[kk½ ¼jkT; lHkk lfpoky;½ dks Hkstk tk;sxkA ¼nks½ fdlh lnL; }kjk lHkkifr@v/;{k dh vuqefr ls vFkok vuqefr ds fcuk nkSjs ij vius lkFk ys tk, x, ifr@iRuh@lkFkh ds lacaè esa gq, fdlh Hkh O;; dh izfriwfrZ ugha dh tk,xh rFkk bldk Hkqxrku lacafèr lnL; }kjk fd;k tk,xkA ¼rhu½ osru vkSj ys[kk 'kk[kk ¼yksd lHkk lfpoky;½@,e,l,.M, rFkk LFkkiuk ¼ys[kk½ rFkk osru ,oa ys[kk dk;kZy; ¼jkT; lHkk lfpoky;½ fcyksa dh tkap djsxk vkSj budk fuiVku fo"k; ij xzká enksa rFkk fn'kkfunsZ'kksa ds vuqlkj djsxkA ¼pkj½ osru vkSj ys[kk 'kk[kk ¼yksd lHkk lfpoky;½@LFkkiuk ¼lkekU;½ osru ,oa ys[kk 'kk[kk ¼jkT; lHkk lfpoky;½ ds lkFk ijke'kZ ls nkSjkas ds fy, ctV vuqeku vkSj nkSjksa ij gq, O;; dh izfriwfrZ ds izk:iksa dks rS;kj djsxkA ¼[k½ ljdkj@laxBu dks O;; dh izfriwfrZ ¼,d½ yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; lfefr ds lnL;ksa vkSj muds lkFk x;s vfèdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa ds vkokl] Hkkstu vkSj ifjogu] vukSipkfjd cSBdksa] fu;a=.k d{k] vkikrdkyhu Lo:i ds fpfdRlk O;; vkSj v/;;u nkSjs ds nkSjku vius 81 lsokUrxZr vkus okyh lfefr ls lacafèr vU; xzká enkas ij gksus okys lHkh vuqes; O;; dh izfriwfrZ djsxkA ¼nks½ nkSjs ds izR;sd LFkku ds fy, dsoy uksMy laxBu vU; lacafèr laxBuksa ds leUo; ls yksd lHkk lfpoky;@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; }kjk izfriwfrZ gsrq xzká enksa ij fd, x, okLrfod O;; gsrq fcy ,d= djsxkA ¼rhu½ izR;sd LFkku gsrq fofHkUu enksa ij fd, x, okLrfod O;;] lnL;ksa vkSj vfèdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa vkSj muds }kjk vfèHkksx fd, x, dejksa vkSj muds ifjogu gsrq mi;ksx esa ykbZ xbZ dkjksa@dkspksa rFkk vU; ykxw enksa ij fd, x, O;; dk C;kSjk n'kkZus okyk ,d lesfdr fcy izLrqr fd;k tk,xkA ¼pkj½ lesfdr fcy dks bl iz;kstukFkZ fofgr uksMy laxBu ds ofj"B vfèdkjh }kjk bl vk'k; ds lkFk izekf.kr fd;k tk;s fd nkok dh xbZ èujkf'k okLro esa O;; dh xbZ gS vkSj vuqeksfnr njksa ds vuqlkj gSA laxBu }kjk ;g Hkh izekf.kr fd;k tk;s fd mUgksaus mu enksa ij dksbZ O;; ugha fd;k gS ftuds fy, izfriwfrZ dk nkok fd;k tk jgk gSA ¼ikap½ lfefr ds nkSjs ds lacaè esa ea=ky; ;k laxBu }kjk fd, x, fdlh vU; O;; dk C;kSjk Hkh vyx&vyx izLrqr fd;k tk,xkA ¼Ng½ d{kksa vkSj okguksa vkfn ds ekeys esa O;; dh izfriwfrZ vfxze cqfdax ds vkèkj ij ugha vfirq okLrfod vfèHkksDrk@mi;ksfxrk vkèkj ij dh tk;sxhA ¼lkr½ lnL;ksa@vfèdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa }kjk fd;k x;k dksbZ ,slk O;; tks fn'kkfunsZ'kksa ds vuqlkj xzká ugha gS] dk Hkqxrku lnL;ksa@vfèdkfj;ksa@deZpkfj;ksa }kjk fd;k tk;sxkA ;fn os ,slk ugha djrs gSa rks mDr O;; yksd lHkk@jkT; lHkk lfpoky; esa mudks Hkqxrku dh tkus okyh jkf'k ls dkV yh tk;sxhA rhu- la;qDr lfefr;ksa ds ekeys esa O;; dh izfriwfrZ iwoZorhZ iSjkvksa esa of.kZr izfØ;k ds vuqlkj] lacafèr lfpoky; muds lsokUrxZr vkus okyh la;qDr lfefr;ksa ds v/;;u nkSjksa dk O;; ogu djsxkA pkj- izR;sd lHkk dh fof'k"V lfefr;ksa ds lacaè esa izR;sd lfpoky; }kjk lkjk O;; ogu djuk jkT; lHkk dh lfefr;ksa ds vkokl] Hkkstu rFkk ifjogu vkfn enksa esa gq, izR;sd O;; dk ogu jkT; lHkk lfpoky; djsxkA blh izdkj] iwoZorhZ iSjkvksa esa of.kZr izfØ;k ds vuqlkj] yksd lHkk dh lfefr;ksa ds ekeys esa gq, O;; dk ogu yksd lHkk lfpoky; djsxkA ifjf'k"V Ng ¼ifjf'k"V ikap dk iSjk 17 ns[ksa½ lfefr 'kk[kk&,d fo"k; % lkFkh dks nkSjs ij ys tkus gsrq v/;{k dh 'kfDr;ksa dk lHkkifr dks izR;k;kstu lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds nkSjksa ds laca/k esa ekxZfunsZ'kksa ds ekxZfunsZ'k lañ 17 rFkk lalnh; lfefr;ksa ds lHkkifr dks ekxZfunsZ'kksa ds ekxZfunsZ'k lañ ¼ikap½ esa vU; ckrksa ds lkFk&lkFk ;g mica/k gS fd lnL; lfefr ds lHkkifr dh iwokZuqefr ls fpfdRlh; vk/kkj ij viuh iRuh@ifr dks lkFk ys tk ldrs gSaA rFkkfi] viokn ds ekeyksa esa vFkkZr~ vR;ko';d ekeyksa esa tgka lnL; dh iRuh@ifr fpfdRlh; vFkok vU; dkj.kksa ls nkSjs ij ugha tk ldrs gksa] ogka lnL; lacaf/kr lfefr ds lHkkifr ds ek/;e ls v/;{k dh iwoZ vuqefr ysdj fdlh vU; O;fDr dks vius lkFk ys tk ldrs gSaA 2- ekuuh; v/;{k us nkSjs ij vius lkFk fdlh lk{kh dks ys tkus ds fy, lnL;ksa dks vuqefr iznku djus ds fy, lacaf/kr lfefr ds lHkkifr dks viuh 'kfDr;ka izR;k;ksftr djus ds fy, mijksDr ekxZfunsZ'kksa esa la'kks/ku djus dk lS)kafrd vuqeksnu fd;k gSA ekuuh; v/;{k }kjk ;Fkk&vuqeksfnr la'kks/ku jkT; lHkk ds ekuuh; lHkkifr dh lgefr ds fy, jkT; lHkk lfpoky; dks Hkstk x;k gSA jkT; lHkk ds ekuuh; lHkkifr dh lgefr izkIr djus ds i'pkr~ ekxZfunsZ'k esa fd, x, la'kks/ku dks vf/klwfpr fd;k tk,xkA 3- bl nkSjku] ;g vuqjks/k fd;k tkrk gS fd nkSjkas ij vius ifr@iRuh vFkok lkFkh dks lkFk ys tkus dh vuqefr izkIr djus ds fy, lnL;ksa ds vuqjks/kksa ls lacaf/kr izLrkoksa dks vuqeksnu ds fy, dsoy lacaf/kr lfefr ds lHkkifr ds le{k gh izLrqr fd;k tk,A 4- lHkh la;qDr lfpo tkudkjh rFkk vko';d dkjZokbZ ds fy, d`i;k ns[ksaA ¼vkjñ,lñ feJk½ funs'kd 15 tuojh] 2008 lHkh la;qDr lfpo% 82 ifjf'k"V lkr ¼ns[ksa iSjk 44½ lfefr leUo; 'kk[kk fo"k;% lnL;ksa dks izk:i izfrosnu lfgr lHkh nLrkost@i=@izfrosnu vkfn bysDVªksfud :i esa@lkaln bZ&iksVZy ds ek/;e ls ifjpkfyr fd;k tkukA lnL;ksa dks izk:i izfrosnu lfgr lHkh nLrkost@i=@izfrosnu vkfn bysDVªksfud :i esa@lkaln bZ&iksVZy ds ek/;e ls ifjpkfyr fd, tkus ds lacaè esa fu;eksa@funs'kksa esa vko';d la'kksèu@ifjorZu fd, tkus gsrq ,d izLrko fu;e lfefr ds le{k fopkj gsrq j[ks tkus ds fy, lhch&I dks vxzsf"kr fd;k x;k gSA 2- fu;e lfefr }kjk tc rd izLrkfor la'kks/ku dk vuqeksnu ugha fd;k tkrk rc rd ds fy, fuEukuqlkj fu.kZ; fy;k x;k gS% ¼,d½ lnL;ksa dks izk:i izfrosnu lfgr lHkh nLrkost@i=@izfrosnu vkfn bysDVªksfud :i esa@lkaln bZ&iksVZy ds ek/;e ls ifjpkfyr fd;k tk,xkA rFkkfi] vxys vkns'kksa rd lnL;ksa dks izfrosnu vkfn dh gkMZ dkWih ¼Vafdr@lkbDyksLVkby dh xbZ izfr½ Hkh miyC/k djokbZ tk,xh] vkSj ¼nks½ lkaln bZ&iksVZy ij viyksM fd, x, lfefr ls lacaf/kr MkVk ;Fkk lfefr ds izfrosnu ¼izk:i izfrosnu lfgr½] lwpuk] dk;Zlwph i=] cSBdksa ds dk;Zokgh lkjka'k] lkSais x, fo/ks;d] v/;;u nkSjs vkfn dh fLFkfr layXu uewus ds vuqlkj ekfld vk/kkj ij ¼izR;sd ekg ds igys lIrkg esa½ egklfpo ds lwpukFkZ@voyksdukFkZ lfefr leUo; 'kk[kk dks izLrqr dh tk,A ;g vxLr] 2016 ekg ls izkjaHk gksxk ftlds fy, lwpuk lfefr 'kk[kkvksaa }kjk 9 flrEcj] 2016 rd fHktok nh tk,A 3- ;g egklfpo ds vuqeksnu ls tkjh fd;k x;k gSA 4- d`i;k lHkh lalnh; lfefr 'kk[kk,a ¼foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ka@foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ls brj lfefr;ka vkSj vU; lalnh; lfefr;ka½ vuqikyu gsrq ns[ksaA ¼,ñdsñ 'kkg½ funs'kd ¼vkjMh ,oa lhlh½ 05-09-2016 Vsyh% 23034339 lsok esa] lHkh lalnh; lfefr 'kk[kk,a ¼foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ka@foHkkxksa ls lac) LFkk;h lfefr;ksa ls brj lfefr;ka vkSj vU; lalnh; lfefr;ksa lfgr½ 83 84 lacaf/kr nLrkost fo/ks;d ls lkSais x, v/;;u nkSjksa vU; lkjka'k dk;Zokgh dk;Zlwph lfefr leUo; 'kk[kk lwpuk i= izfrosnu dh izfrosnu izk:i cSBdksa ------] 2016 esa lnL; bZ&iksVZy ds ek/;e ls lnL;ksa dks Hksts x, nLrkost fo"k;% MGIPMRND—242LS—22.07.2019. CONTENTS PAGE I. ORIGIN, SCOPE AND FUNCTIONS OF DEPARTMENTALLY RELATED STANDING COMMITTEES — Origin ...... 1 — Scope and Functions...... 7 II. CONSTITUTION AND TERM OF THE COMMITTEE — Constitution ...... 9 — Minister not to be a member of the Committee ...... 9 — Appointment of Chairperson ...... 9 — Term of office ...... 9 — Resignation from Committee ...... 9 — Filling up of casual vacancies ...... 10 — Discharge of member absent from sittings of the Committee ...... 10 — Declaration of personal, pecuniary or direct interest of a member in a subject under examination ...... 10 III. WORKING OF THE STANDING COMMITTEES — General ...... 11 — Procedure relating to examination for Demands for Grants ...... 11 — Procedure relating to consideration of Bills ...... 12 — Long Term Government Policy Documents ...... 12 — Annual Reports/Subjects ...... 12 — Selection of subjects for examination ...... 12 — Reports and Minutes...... 13 — Appointment of Sub-Committee/Study-Group ...... 13 — Appointment of Convenors/Alternate Convenors ...... 13 — Function of Study Groups/Sub-Committees ...... 13 (i) (ii) PAGE — Calling of material/information from Ministries/ Departments/other Organisations and non-official Organisations ...... 14 — Circulation of material to members ...... 15 — Information obtained in the Committee not to be disclosed to the Press or to anyone ...... 15 — Circulation of Top Secret/Secret documents ...... 15 — Procedure for dealing with ‘Top Secret’/‘Secret’/ ‘Confidential’ documents ...... 15 — List of Questions for written information ...... 16 — Study Tours ...... 16 — Duties of the Convenors ...... 16 — Conventions to be observed during Study Tours ...... 17 — Tour Notes ...... 18 IV. SITTINGS OF THE COMMITTEES — Programme of sittings of the Committee/Sub-Committee/ Study Groups...... 19 — Venue of sittings...... 19 — Timings of sittings when the House is sitting ...... 19 — Last minute cancellation of sittings of Committees ...... 20 — Quorum for sittings ...... 20 — Sittings of the Committee not open to Media ...... 20 — Withdrawal of strangers ...... 20 — Decisions in Committee ...... 21 — Casting of vote of Chairperson ...... 21 — Permission to members of State Legislatures etc. witness the sittings where evidence is being taken ...... 21 V. EVIDENCE — Evidence of non-official witnesses/organizations ...... 22 — Evidence of official witnesses—Secretary of the Ministry/ Department concerned to appear before the Committee .... 22 — Calling for memoranda and requesting State Government officials to tender evidence before the Committee ...... 22 (iii) PAGE — Points for oral examination ...... 23 — Procedure for examination of witnesses ...... 23 — Statements made by witnesses ...... 23 — Difference of opinion in the Committee not to be aired in the presence of witnesses ...... 23 — Matters of minor detail not pursued during oral evidence ... 24 — Asking of written information from Ministry/Department .... 24 — Details regarding personnel employed ...... 24 — Approach of Members towards Official Witnesses ...... 24 — Witness to Observe Proper Decorum ...... 24 — Calling of Written Information after Evidence ...... 25 VI. PROCEEDINGS AND MINUTES OF SITTINGS — Record of Proceedings ...... 26 — Proceedings of the Committee not open to outsiders .... 26 — Correction of Proceedings by members and witnesses .... 26 — Expunction from Proceedings ...... 26 — Proceedings to be shown only to the members of the Committee ...... 26 — Proceedings not printed ...... 27 — Proceedings not to be taken out of Parliament House ... 27 — Drafting and circulation of Minutes ...... 27 VII. REPORTS — Drafting, circulation and consideration of draft Report ..... 28 — Factual verification of the Report ...... 28 — Finalisation and presentation of Report ...... 28 VIII. IMPLEMENTATION OF RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE — Circulation of report to Ministries etc. and calling of statements showing action taken on recommendations .... 30 — Action Taken Report ...... 30 — Procedure to deal with the Report on Bill(s) ...... 31 (iv) PAGE — Statement by Minister on Committee Reports ...... 31 — Laying of Action Taken Statements...... 31 IX. GENERAL — Duties and Powers of the Chairperson ...... 32 — Expunction of unparliamentary words, phrases or expressions from documents presented to the Committee ...... 32 — Unfinished work of the Committee ...... 32 — Power of the Speaker to give directions ...... 32 X. CONVENTIONS — Appointment of Committee by Government to examine a subject already under examination of the Committee ..... 33 — Restriction on raising matters in House which are under consideration of the Committees ...... 34 — Information not to be disclosed to anyone ...... 34 — Information given to Media by Chairperson ...... 34 — Press Note ...... 34 — Appearance of members as witnesses ...... 34 APPENDICES I. Extracts from the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha (Sixteenth Edition) relating to the DRSCs ...... 36 II. Extracts of General Rules relating to Parliamentary Committees that govern the functioning of DRSCs (Rules 253-286) ...... 40 III. Extracts from the Directions by the Speaker, Lok Sabha (Ninth Edition) relating to the DRSCs...... 49 IV. Rules of Procedure (Internal Working) of the Departmentally Related Standing Committees (Lok Sabha) ...... 51 ANNEXURES OF APPENDIX IV (i) Functions of the different Sub-Committees/Study Groups ...... 60 (v) PAGE (ii) Points to be covered in background material for Demands for Grants (To be furnished by the Department/Ministry)...... 61 (iii) Points to be covered in the Preliminary Material for Demands for Grants (To be furnished by the Department/Ministry) ...... 62 (iv) Points to be covered in the Preliminary Material to be furnished (for other subjects) by the Ministry/ Department ...... 64 (v) Points to be covered in the background material in connection with Examination of Bills (To be furnished by the Department/Ministry) ...... 65 V. Guidelines issued by the Speaker, Lok Sabha regarding Tours by Parliamentary Committees ...... 66 VI. Delegation of HS powers to Chairman for taking companions on tours ...... 79 VII. Circulation of all documents/papers/reports including draft reports etc. to Members in electronic form/through e-Portal meant for Members ...... 80 DEPARTMENTALLY RELATED STANDING COMMITTEES I. ORIGIN, SCOPE AND FUNCTIONS OF DEPARTMENTALLY RELATED STANDING COMMITTEES Origin With the unprecedented growth of governmental activities over the years, Parliament had been finding itself somewhat handicapped in exercising fully its pivotal role of ensuring executive and financial accountability. Enormous budgetary allocations of various Ministries were also being passed by Parliament without sufficient debate for want of time. For instance, in 1989 the Demands for Grants of only 3 Ministries/Departments were discussed and Demands in respect of as many as 34 Ministries/Departments were guillotined. 2. In 1978, the Conference of Presiding Officers of Legislative Bodies in India has deliberated on this issue. The matter was also brought into sharp focus during the Third Regional Commonwealth Parliamentary Association Seminar held in New Delhi in January 1984. The matter was further debated in the Presiding Officers Conference held in Calcutta in 1984. Thereafter, the Rules Committee of the Lok Sabha considered a proposal for having 9 ad hoc Committees for pre- voting scrutiny of the Demands for Grants. However, no final decision could be reached. 3. Even while the proposal to set up the Budget Committees awaited finalisation, another proposal of a far-reaching nature designed to strengthen the Committee system and to secure executive accountability in a far more effective way was placed before the Rules Committee in the Eighth Lok Sabha. The Rules Committee, at their sittings held on 30 March and 9 May, 1989 considered and approved the proposals to set up three subject Committees— one each on Agriculture, Science and Technology and Environment and Forests. Necessary recommendations to this effect were made by the Rules Committee in their Second and Fourth Reports laid on the Table of the House on 2 May and 25 July, 1989, respectively. The Rules relating to these Committees were finally approved by the House and the Committees were constituted for the first time with effect from 18 August, 1989. 4. These Subject Committees were, inter alia, to examine the activities of the concerned Ministries/Departments and to report as to what economies, improvements in organisation, efficiency or administrative reforms consistent 2 with the policy approved by Parliament might be effected. Apart from other functions, these Committees were to examine the Annual Reports and Plan Projects/activities of the concerned Ministries. 5. After observing the functioning of the three Subject Committees for some time, in 1992, during the Tenth Lok Sabha, the matter relating to Departmentally Related Parliamentary Standing Committees was again considered by the General Purposes Committee and the Rules Committee and they felt that a full fledged system of Departmentally Related Standing Committees be created covering under their jurisdiction all the Ministries/Departments of the Government of India. 6. Subsequently the whole matter was considered afresh during February and March, 1993 by the General Purposes Committee and the Rules Committee of both the Houses of Parliament together. As a result of these discussions, a broad consensus was arrived at that Standing Committees be set up to consider the Demands for Grants, Bills and National Basic Long Term Policy Documents presented to the Houses and referred to them by the Speaker/Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha and the Annual Reports of the related Ministries/Departments. 7. The Reports of the Rules Committees of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha adopted by the two Houses on 29 March, 1993, paved the way for the setting up of the Departmentally Related Standing Committees covering under their jurisdiction all the Ministries/Departments of the Union Government. With the setting up of these Committees, the three Subject Committees, constituted in August, 1989, ceased to exist. On 31 March, 1993, at a function held in the Central Hall of Parliament House, the Vice-President and Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha formally inaugurated the new Standing Committees. Delivering the inaugural address the then Hon'ble Vice-President dealt at length on the merit of the System:— "This system, apart from dealing with the basic or ordinary issues will tone up the functioning of Parliament. One of the important impact of this system has been the general toning up of debates and efficiency of functioning of Parliamentary system...... The main purpose, of course, is to ensure the accountability of Government to Parliament through more detailed consideration of measures in these Committees. The intention is not to weaken or criticize the administration but to strengthen by investing it with more meaningful Parliamentary support." 8. Highlighting the role of members and the Secretariat, the then Hon’ble Vice-President added:— "The Committees are only a mechanism: We have to instill them with 3 life. And for this, not only full and intelligent participation of members is required but...... there should be powerful support by the Secretariat." 9. Speaking at the function, the then Prime Minister Shri P.V. Narasimha Rao said:— "Committees have become a vital part of the institutional framework of Parliaments all over the world today...... it offers an opportunity to the members to have glimpse into the working of Governments and understand the practical problems and constraints. It also helps them to gain expertise and specialisation about the subjects dealt with by the Committees, which in turn is bound to result in elevating the standard of debate on the floor of the House." 10. Detailing the scope and objective of setting up of DRSCs, the then Speaker, Lok Sabha; Shri Shivraj V. Patil, said in the same function:— "With these Committees having come into existence, it would be possible for the members to participate in greater details in the functioning of the Parliamentary system. They would be able to examine the Demands for Grants and Annual Reports of all the Ministries every year in greater details. That would help the Ministries and the Parliament to do better in their respective spheres of activities...... These Committees shall help the people, the Parliament (and) the Executive to use the system in a most cost-effective, democratic and purposeful manner." 11. On the 29th of March, 1993 the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha adopted rules establishing seventeen Departmentally Related Standing Committees (DRSCs) covering all Government Ministries/Departments. Under the new system, 17 Standing Committees were constituted w.e.f. 8th April, 1993 covering all Central Government Ministries/Departments. Out of these 17 DRSCs, 11 were under Lok Sabha and 6 under Rajya Sabha. Thus in the history of Indian democracy a major initiative was taken in the direction of making the Parliament more effective in exercising control over and giving direction to the executive functioning and thereby making the executive more accountable. After watching the working of the DRSC system for over a decade, the system was re-structured in July, 2004 and the number of DRSCs rose from 17 to 24. 4 The 24 Standing Committees cover under their jurisdiction the following Ministries/Departments:— Sl. Name of Committee Name of Ministries/Departments No. 12 3 Part I 1. Committee on Commerce (1) Commerce and Industry (i) Department of Commerce (ii) Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion 2. Committee on Home Affairs (1) Home Affairs (i) Department of Internal Security (ii) Department of States (iii) Department of Official Language (iv) Department of Home (v) Department of Jammu and Kashmir Affairs (vi) Department of Border Management (2) Development of North-Eastern Region 3. Committee on Human (1) Human Resource Development Resource Development (i) Department of School Education and Literacy (ii) Department of Higher Education (2) Youth Affairs and Sports (i) Department of Youth Affairs (ii) Department of Sports (3) Women and Child Development 4. Committee on Industry (1) Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises (i) Department of Heavy Industry (ii) Department of Public Enterprises (2) Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises 5. Committee on Science & (1) Science & Technology Technology, Environment & (i) Department of Science and Forests Technology (ii) Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (iii) Department of Bio-Technology (2) Department of Space (3) Earth Sciences (4) Department of Atomic Energy (5) Environment, Forests and Climate Change 5 12 3 6. Committee on Transport, (1) Civil Aviation Tourism and Culture (2) Road Transport and Highways (3) Shipping (4) Culture (5) Tourism 7. Committee on Health and (1) Health and Family Welfare Family Welfare (i) Department of Health and Family Welfare (ii) Department of Health Research (2) Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy (AYUSH) 8. Committee on Personnel, (1) Law and Justice Public Grievances, Law (i) Department of Legal Affairs and Justice (ii) Legislative Department (iii) Department of Justice (2) Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions (i) Department of Personnel and Training (ii) Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG) (iii) Department of Pension & Pensioner's Welfare Part II 9. Committee on Agriculture (1) Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare (i) Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers’ Welfare (ii) Department of Agricultural Research & Education (2) Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying (i) Department of Fisheries (ii) Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying (3) Food Processing Industries 10. Committee on Information (1) Communications Technology (i) Department of Posts (ii) Department of Telecommunications (DOT) (2) Electronics & Information Technology (3) Information and Broadcasting 11. Committee on Defence (1) Defence (i) Department of Defence (ii) Department of Defence Production 6 12 3 (iii) Department of Defence Research & Development (iv) Department of Ex-Servicemens’ Welfare 12. Committee on Energy (1) New and Renewable Energy (2) Power 13. Committee on External Affairs (1) External Affairs 14. Committee on Finance (1) Finance (i) Department of Economic Affairs (ii) Department of Expenditure (iii) Department of Financial Services (iv) Department of Investment and Public Asset Management (v) Department of Revenue (2) Corporate Affairs (3) Planning (4) Statistics and Programme Implementation 15. Committee on Food, Consumer (1) Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Affairs and Public Distribution Distribution (i) Department of Consumer Affairs (ii) Department of Food and Public Distribution 16. Committee on Labour (1) Labour and Employment (2) Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (3) Textiles 17. Committee on Petroleum and Petroleum and Natural Gas Natural Gas 18. Committee on Railways Railways 19. Committee on Urban Development Housing and Urban Affairs (1) Jal Shakti 20. Committee on Water Resources (1) Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation (2) Drinking Water and Sanitation 21. Committee on Chemicals and (1) Chemicals and Fertilizers Fertilizers (i) Department of Chemicals and Petro Chemicals 7 12 3 (ii) Department of Fertilizers (iii) Department of Pharmaceuticals 22. Committee on Rural (1) Rural Development Development (i) Department of Rural Development (ii) Department of Land Resources (2) Panchayati Raj 23. Committee on Coal and Steel (1) Coal (2) Mines (3) Steel 24. Committee on Social Justice (1) Social Justice and Empowerment and Empowerment (2) Tribal Affairs (3) Minority Affairs (i) Department of Social Justice and Empowerment (ii) Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (Divyangan) 12. The Committees specified under Parts I and II above work under the directions of the Chairman, Rajya Sabha and Speaker, Lok Sabha respectively. Scope and Functions 13. The Standing Committees serviced by Lok Sabha Secretariat are constituted every year under Rule 331D of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha Extracts from the Rules setting out the scope and functions of the Standing Committees are reproduced in Appendix-I. 14. The functions of each of the Standing Committees are as follows:— (a) To consider the Demands for Grants of the concerned Ministries/ Departments and make a report on the same to the Houses. The report shall not suggest anything of the nature of cut motions; (b) to examine such Bills pertaining to the concerned Ministries/ Departments as are referred to the Committee by the Chairperson, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, Lok Sabha as the case may be, and make reports thereon; (c) to consider annual reports of Ministries/Departments and make reports thereon; and 8 (d) to consider National Basic Long Term Policy Documents presented to the House, if referred to the Committee by the Chairperson, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, Lok Sabha as the case may be, and make reports thereon. 15. The Standing Committees do not consider the matters of day-to-day administration of the concerned Ministries/Departments. These Committees also do not generally consider the matters which are under consideration by other Parliamentary Committees. [Rules 331 E(2) and 331M] 16. The Standing Committees shall not generally consider the matters which are considered by the other Parliamentary Committees [Rule 331M]. II. CONSTITUTION AND TERM OF THE COMMITTEE Constitution 17. Till 13th Lok Sabha, each of these Standing Committees used to consist of 45 members—30 nominated by the Speaker, Lok Sabha from amongst the members of Lok Sabha and 15 members nominated by the Chairman, Rajya Sabha from amongst the members of Rajya Sabha. However, with restructuring of DRSCs in July, 2004 each DRSC now consists of 31 members—21 from Lok Sabha and 10 from Rajya Sabha. The representation of different parties/groups in these Committees is in proportion to their strength in both the Houses of Parliament. [Rule 331D(1)] Minister not to be a Member of the Committee 18. A Minister is not nominated as a member of the Committee. If a member, after his/her nomination to the Committee, is appointed a Minister, he/she ceases to be a member of the Committee from the date of such appointment. [Rule 331D(2)] Appointment of Chairperson 19. The Chairperson of each of the Standing Committees specified in Part I of the Fifth Schedule to the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha is appointed by the Chairman, Rajya Sabha and in respect of Committees specified in Part II by the Speaker, Lok Sabha from amongst the members of the Committee. [Rule 331D(3)] 20. If the Chairperson is for any reason unable to act, the Speaker may appoint another Chairperson in his/her place. [Rule 258(2)] 21. If the Chairperson is absent from any sitting, the Committee chooses another member to act as Chairperson for that sitting. [Rule 258(3)] Term of Office 22. The term of office of the members of the Committee does not exceed one year. [Rule 331D(4)] Resignation from Committee 23. A member may resign by addressing the resignation letter to the Presiding Officer of the House to which he/she belongs. [Rule 257(1)] 9 10 Association of Technical Experts/Consultants etc. 24 (a). The Standing Committee may also, if necessary, avail of the expert opinion or the public opinion before preparing the report. Other Provisions 24 (b). Except for the matter, for which special provisions have been made in the rules relating to the Standing Committees, the general rules applicable to other Parliamentary Committees in Rajya Sabha shall apply mutatis mutandis to Standing Committees specified in Part I of the Fifth Schedule and the general rules applicable to other Parliamentary Committees in Lok Sabha shall apply to Standing Committees as specified in Part II of the said Schedule. Filling up of casual vacancies 25. A casual vacancy in the Committee is filled up as soon as possible after it occurs by nominating a new member and any member so nominated will hold office for the unexpired portion of the term for which the member in whose place she/he is nominated would have normally held office. [Rule 254(3)] Discharge of member absent from sittings of the Committee 26. A member, who is absent from two or more consecutive sittings without the permission of the Chairperson, may be discharged from the Committee by the Presiding Officer of the House to which he/she belongs. [Rule 260] Declaration of personal, pecuniary or direct interest of a member in a subject under examination 27. If a member of the Committee has a personal, pecuniary or direct interest in any matter, which is to be considered by the Committee, she/he has to state her/his interest therein to the Speaker through the Chairperson of the Committee. The Speaker, after considering the matter, gives his/her decision, which is final. [Direction 52-A] III. WORKING OF THE STANDING COMMITTEES General 28. The Rule 331C to 331N of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha Sixteenth Edition deal with standing committees (Appendix I). The functioning of the Standing Committees is governed by the general rules relating to Parliamentary Committees (viz. Rules 253 to 286) (Appendix II). These Rules are further supplemented by Directions issued by the Speaker under Rule 389 and other Procedures and Internal Rules evolved by the Committee under Rules 281 and 282. Extracts of certain directions pertinent to the Standing Committees are reproduced at Appendix III. 29. The Standing Committees have also framed detailed Rules of Procedure for their internal working. These Rules supplement the provisions of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha and have been approved by the Speaker in terms of Rule 282 of said Rules. 30. The Rules of Procedure of the Committee (Internal Working) are reproduced at Appendix IV. Procedure relating to examination of Demands for Grants 31. The procedure to be followed by each Standing Committee during the consideration and preparation of report on the Demands for Grants is as follows:— (a) after the general discussion on the Budget in the House is over, the Houses shall be adjourned for a fixed period; (b) the Committees shall consider the Demands for Grants of the concerned Ministries during the aforesaid period; (c) the Committees shall make their report within the period and shall not ask for more time; (d) the Demands for Grants shall be considered by the House in the light of the reports of the Committees; and (e) there shall be a separate report on the Demands for Grants of each Ministry. [Rule 331Ge] 11 12 Procedure relating to consideration of Bills 32. The procedure relating to examination and reporting on Bills by DRSCs is as follows:— (a) the Committee shall consider the general principles and clauses of the Bills referred to them and make report thereon; (b) the Committee shall consider only such Bills introduced in either of the Houses as are referred to them by the Chairman, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, as the case may be; and (c) the Committee shall make report on the Bills in the given time. [Rule 331H] Long Term Government Policy Documents 33. DRSCs also examine long term policy documents of the Government as and when referred to them by the Chairman, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, Lok Sabha as the case may be. The Standing Committees have so far scrutinized and presented their Reports to Parliament on some prominent National Long-Term Policies, including the following:— (i) Draft Agriculture Policy Resolution, 1992 (ii) National Agriculture Policy (iii) New Telecom Policy, 1999 (iv) National Drug Policy (v) National Housing Policy The procedure for examination of Long Term Policies is similar to examination of subjects based on Annual Reports, as detailed in succeeding paragraphs. Annual Reports/Subjects 34. The DRSCs besides examining and preparing reports on Demands for Grants, Bills and Policy Documents also take up for scrutiny, the Annual Reports/ Subjects based on Annual Reports pertaining to their respective Ministries/ Departments. Selection of subjects for examination 35. Standing Committees at their first sitting held soon after their constitution, select subjects based on Annual Reports of the concerned Ministries/ Departments during the year. For this purpose, a Memorandum is placed before the Standing Committee giving details of the subjects which have already been examined in the past by previous Committee and the subjects which can be 13 selected by the Committee for examination during the year. The details of status of subjects taken for examination by the previous Committee may also be indicated in the Memorandum. As per tradition, the Committee select the subjects which are under examination by the previous Committee and take up examination from the stage the earlier Committee had left. Reports and Minutes 35 (a). The conclusions of each of the Standing Committees on a subject examined are contained in its Report, which after its adoption by the respective Committee and factual verification by the Ministry concerned, is presented by the concerned Chairperson to the respective Houses. Minutes of the sittings of the Committee are laid on the Table of the House along with the relevant Reports. The Reports of the Standing Committees are based on broad consensus amongst the members. However, a member of the Committee may give a note of dissent on the Report which shall be presented to the House along with the Report. Appointment of sub-Committee/Study Group 36. The Committee may from time to time appoint one or more sub- Committee(s)/Study Group(s) for carrying out detailed examination of subject(s) selected by them during the year. 37. The Committee may appoint a sub-Committee to consider the action taken replies furnished by the Government on the recommendations contained in their earlier Reports and also to consider the draft Action Taken Report(s). Appointment of Convenors/Alternate Convenors 38. The Chairperson/Convenor(s)/Alternate Convenor(s) of sub-Committee(s)/Study Group(s) shall be appointed by the Chairperson of the Committee from amongst the members of the sub-Committee/Study Group. Functions of Study Groups/sub-Committees 39. The function of the sub-Committees/Study Groups may be broadly as set out in Annexure -I of Appendix IV to the Rules of the Standing Committees (Internal Working) as reproduced below:— "I. Sub-Committee(s)/Study Group(s) dealing with a fresh subject:— (1) To Study intensively the Background/Preliminary material furnished by the Ministry/Department, etc. 14 (2) To prepare the questionnaire to be isued after the approval of the Convenor to Ministry/Department, etc. (3) To undertake study tours and prepare study tour-notes thereof. (4) To take oral evidence of the representatives of the Ministry/ Department, etc. [this function is applicable only for sub-Committee(s)]. (5) To indicate the broad points on which draft reports may be prepared. (6) To discuss and approve the draft report before circulation to the whole Committee. II. Sub-Committee(s) dealing with action taken by Government on earlier Report(s):— (1) To scrutinize replies received from the Government. (2) To indicate points on which draft Action Taken Reports may be prepared. (3) To discuss and approve the draft Action Taken Report before circulation to the whole Committee for their consideration and adoption." Calling of material/information from Ministries/Departments/other Organisations and non-official Organisations 40. The Committee is empowered to send for persons, papers and records. However, if any question arises whether the evidence of a person or the production of a document is relevant for the purposes of the Committee, the question is referred to the Speaker whose decision is final. Government may decline to produce a document on the ground that its disclosure would be prejudicial to the safety or interest of the State. [Rule 270] 41. According to well-established convention, secret documents required by the Committee are made available/e-mailed by the Ministry or Undertaking confidentially to the Chairperson in the first instance, unless it is certified by the Minister concerned that any such document could not be made available on the ground that its disclosure would be prejudicial to the safety or interest of the State. The Chairperson gives due consideration to the wishes of the Ministry/ Department/Undertaking before making any secret document available/e-mailed to the members of the Committee. Any difference of opinion between the Ministry, 15 etc. and the Chairperson in this regard is settled by discussion and as a last resort by reference to the Speaker. 42. While examination of various subjects by the Standing Committees, preliminary material will be sought from the concerned Ministry/Department on the lines set out in Annexures I to V of the Rules of Procedure (Internal Working) (Appendix IV) for the information of the members of the Committee. 43. The Committee may also call for memoranda by e-mail on the subject under examination from non-official organizations/individuals, etc. who are knowledgeable in the field/subject under examination by the Committee. [Rule 331L] Circulation of material to members 44. During the 16th Lok Sabha, circulation of all Documents/Papers/Reports including Draft Reports of Parliamentary Committees through Member's e-Portal was initiated and made operational w.e.f. August, 2016. A copy of the note issued to all Parliamentary Committees, Branches by Committee Coordination Branch is enclosed at Appendix-VII. 44A. Papers received from the Ministries/Departments/Organisations/non- official Organisations are circulated to members in convenient volumes at their local addresses only and also through Member’s e-Portal. Information obtained in the Committee not to be disclosed to the Media or to anyone 45. The papers circulated through Member’s e-Portal to the Member’s Committee are to be treated as 'Confidential' and the contents thereof are not to be divulged to anyone nor any reference to be made to such information outside the Committee, sub-Committee at any time before the Report on the subject has been presented to the House. Thereafter, reference may be made only to such information as is available in the documents or records laid on the Table. [Internal Rule 8] Circulation of Top Secret/Secret documents 46. Where documents marked Top Secret/Secret are to be made available to members, these are sent in sealed covers with the request to acknowledge receipt thereof, to preserve the same carefully and to return them to the Director/ Additional Director/Deputy Secretary concerned through safe means when no longer required for the purpose of examination by the Committee. Procedure for dealing with 'Top Secret'/'Secret'/'Confidential' documents 47. Whenever a paper or document marked 'Top Secret'/'Secret' or 'Confidential' is circulated to the members of the Committee, the contents of 16 such paper or document shall not be divulged by any member to any one including on the floor of the House, or otherwise, without the permission of the Speaker; and where such permission has been obtained, any restriction imposed by the Speaker in regard to the manner in which, or the extent to which the information contained in the document may be divulged, shall be strictly observed. List of Questions for written information 48. The members may after going through the papers, suggest questions or indicate points on which further information may be called. 49. The questions or points suggested by members together with other relevant points concerning the subject under examination, culled out by the Secretariat, shall be consolidated in the form of a questionnaire. 50. The questionnaire, as approved by the Chairperson, is sent to the Ministry/Department for furnishing the requisite information. The replies received are made available to the members. Study Tours 51. The Committee/sub-Committee or Study Group nominated by the Chairperson, may with prior permission of the Speaker undertake, if necessary, 'on-the-spot' study visit of various institutions and establishments connected with the subjects selected for examination. Where Chairperson accompanies the Study Group he/she is responsible for the overall conduct of the tour of the Study Group. Where the Study Group does not consist of the Chairperson, the Chairperson appoints one of the members of the Study Group as Convenor. With a view to facilitate smooth functioning of the Study Group, an alternate Convenor is also nominated by the Chairperson so that in case the Chairperson or the Convenor is not in a position to proceed with the work undertaken by the Study Group, the alternate Convenor can attend to the job. 52. The Guidelines issued by the Speaker, Lok Sabha from time to time regarding tours of Parliamentary Committee shall be followed during the Study Tours undertaken by the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group. The Guidelines issued by the Speaker regarding tours of Parliamentary Committees are given at Appendix-V for information and guidance. Duties of the Convenors 53. The Convenor/Alternate Convenor of a Study Group is responsible for the conduct of tour which the Study Group undertakes, the way in which it works and also for furnishing the results of its studies to the Main Committee. 17 With this end in view, the Convenor may bear in mind the following points which would facilitate efficient discharge of his/her duties:— (i) The Convenor may fully acquaint himself/herself with the literature on the subject under examination; (ii) The Convenor may fix the time table and the programme about the places to be visited; (iii) The Convenor may guide the work of the Study especially with regard to noting down of points on important topics under necessary headings and sub-headings pertaining to the sphere allotted to the Study Group; and (iv) The Convenor is the spokesperson of the Study Group and if any information is required, he/she would arrange to get the same through the officer accompanying the Study Group. Conventions to be observed during Study Tours 54. The following conventions are observed by the Committee/Study Group during study tours:— (i) During study tours no person who is not a member of the Committee, except officials of Lok Sabha Secretariat, is allowed to accompany the Committee without the specific permission of the Chairperson/ Speaker. (ii) Informal sittings may be held at the place of the visit, but at such sittings neither any decision is taken nor any evidence recorded in terms of Speaker's Direction 50(2). (iii) During visits to various offices, institutions etc. the services of stenographers belonging to such office or institutions are not utilised by the Committee/Study Group. (iv) Files are not asked for, from the organisations visited by the members. (v) No information or interview is given by any member to the Media regarding his tour impressions of any public undertaking, or a subject under examination. (vi) All discussions held during tour by the Committee/Study Group with the representatives of the Departments/Organisations, non- official organisations, labour unions, etc. are treated as confidential 18 and no one having access to the discussions, directly or indirectly is permitted to communicate to the Media or any unauthorised person any information about matters taken up during the discussions. (vii) Staff members of the organisation seeking to approach members regarding individual grievances are not encouraged. Representatives or registered labour associations which have already furnished written memoranda, may, however, be granted an appointment at the discretion of the Chairperson/Convenor of Study Group. (viii) Since the tour is in the nature of a fact finding study, only the information which is strictly required is asked for by members and argument, controversy, etc. is avoided. The members going on tour are ambassadors on behalf of Parliament going in a spirit of enquiry. Therefore, wherever they go, cordial relations are to be maintained with everyone. Tour Notes 55. Tour notes of the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group are prepared by the Secretariat and after approval by the Chairperson/Convenor, the copy thereof is kept with the P.S. to Chairperson for perusal of members of the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group. IV. SITTINGS OF THE COMMITTEES Programme of sittings of the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Groups 56. The sittings of the Committee shall be held on such days and at such hour as the Chairperson of the Committee may fix: Provided that if the Chairperson of the Committee is not readily available, the Secretary-General may fix the date and time of a sitting. [Rule 264] 57. At the beginning of its term, the Committee finalises its general programme of work for the examination of subjects during the year. Thereafter, the Committee/ Sub-Committee/Study Groups meet at such time and for such period as the Chairperson/Convenor may consider necessary to complete the programme conveniently. 58. When the date and time of a sitting of the Committee/Sub-Committee/ Study Group have been fixed by the Chairperson/Convenor, notice thereof is circulated to the members of the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group concerned at their local addresses only during session periods and both at their local and permanent addresses during inter-session period. In the notice of the sitting, which is issued in advance of the sitting, the subject matter to be discussed, is also indicated. Normally important matters such as selection of new subjects by the Committee may not be taken up for consideration and decision unless prior notice in writing has been given to the members of the Committee. It is also necessary that there should be quorum at such sittings. Venue of Sittings 59. The Standing Committee shall not work in any other place except the precincts of Parliament House, unless otherwise specifically permitted by the Chairperson, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, as the case may be. [Rule 331K] 60. The Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group may, however, while on study tour, hold informal sittings at the place of their visit but at such sittings no decisions are taken nor any evidence recorded. [Dir. 50(2)] Timings of sittings when the House is sitting 61. Unless the Speaker otherwise permits, no sitting of the Committee is held after the commencement of a sitting of the House and before 1500 hours on days when the House is sitting. [Direction 51] 19 20 Last Minutes Cancellation of Sittings of Committees 62. No sitting of a Committee shall be cancelled or preponed or postponed by the Chairperson of a Committee by reasons only of her/his absence from the sitting already fixed or his/her immediate non-availability for the sitting. [Direction 51A] Quorum for sittings 63. The quorum to constitute a sitting of the Committee shall be, as near as may be, one-third of the total number of members of the Committee. [Rule 259 (1)] Explanation: In calculating the number of members to constitute quorum equal to one-third of the total number of members under Rule 259, any fraction obtained is to be ignored. Thus, in case of DRSCs having a total number of members 31, the quorum under Rule 259 is 10 members, regardless of vacancies in the Committee. 64. If at any time fixed for any sitting of the Committee, or if at any time during such sitting, there is no quorum, the Chairperson of the Committee may either suspended the sitting until there is a quorum or adjourn the sitting to some future day. [Rule 259(2)] 65. When the Committee has been adjourned in pursuance of Rule 259(2) on two successive dates fixed for sittings of the Committee, the Chairperson shall report the fact to the Speaker. Sittings of the Committee not open to Media 66. The sittings of the Committee are held in private and are not open to Media. However, if Chairperson considers it necessary, he/she can brief the Media about the subject matter of the discussion held by the Committee. The discussion on the subject will not be referred to before the Report on the subject is presented to Parliament. [Rule 11 Internal Working Rules of DRSCs] Withdrawal of strangers 67. All persons other than members of the Committee and officers of the Lok Sabha Secretariat, withdraw whenever the Committee is deliberating. [Rule 268] 21 Decisions in Committee 68. All questions at any sitting of a Committee are determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting. [Rule 261] Casting of vote of Chairperson 69. In the case of an equality of votes on any matter, the Chairperson or the person acting as such, have a second vote or casting vote. [Rule 262] 70. The Reports of the Committee are based on broad consensus. A member of a Committee may give note of dissent on the Report of the Committee. The note of dissent shall be presented to the House along with the report. [Rule 331-1] Permission to members of State Legislatures etc. to witness the sittings where evidence is being taken 71. A member of Lok Sabha or a member of Rajya Sabha who is not a member of the Committee or a member of State Legislature or an officer of State Legislature or any other person may with the permission of the Chairperson attend a sitting of a Committee, when evidence is being taken, but not when the Committee is deliberating. Such member or officer does not, however, take part in any manner in the proceedings of the Committee, nor sit in the body of the Committee. [Rule 12 Internal Working Rules of DRSCs] A member who is not a member of Committee should not be made a permanent Special Invitee in the case of DRSCs. However, a Committee which wants the expert assistance of a member who is not a member of the Committee, can always invite her/him, without making her/him a special invitee. V. EVIDENCE Evidence of non-official witnesses/organisations 72. The Committee may take oral evidence of selected experts, non-official organizations/individuals on subject under examination. 73. The selection of experts/non-official witnesses for evidence is generally made after taking into account the memoranda etc. submitted by them. Evidence of official witnesses—Secretary of the Ministry/Department concerned to appear before the Committee 74. Where a Ministry or Department or organisation is required to give evidence before the Committee on any matter, the Ministry or Department or Organisation is represented by the Secretary of the Ministry or Head of the Department/Organisation as the case may be: Provided that the Chairperson of the Committee may, on a request being made to him/her permit any other Senior Officer to represent the Ministry or Department or organisation before the Committee. [Direction 59(1)] 75. As soon as date(s) for taking evidence of representatives of Ministry/ Department/Organisation is fixed, a letter intimating the date, time and place of the sitting of the Committee for taking evidence is sent to Secretary of the Ministry or Head of the Department/Organisation. 76. The Commitee may recall any witness to give further evidence on any point which is under the examination of the Committee. [Rule 18—Internal Working Rules of DRSCs] Calling for memoranda and requesting State Government officials to tender evidence before the Committee 77. Whenever it is felt necessary to invite an official of a State Government to appear as a witness before the Committee or to ask the State Government to produce a document or paper before the Committee, orders of the Speaker shall be obtained before the official or the State Government is asked to comply with the request. In case the Speaker decides that it is not necessary to summon a particular State official as a witness, or that the State Government need not be asked to 22 23 produce a paper, document or record, the Chairperson of the Committee concerned, may, if she/he thinks necessary, apprise the Committee of the Speaker's decision. [Direction 60] Points for oral examination 78. A list of points or questionnaire for oral examination of the witnesses incorporating therein any suggestions that might be received from members is prepared. After approval by the Chairperson, the list of points is circulated to members of the Committee in advance. 79. Unless directed otherwise copies of the questionnaire are also given in advance to the representatives of the Ministry/Department who are to tender oral evidence before the Committee. Procedure for examination of witnesses 80. The following conventions are followed by members while taking evidence of witnesses: (i) Chairperson puts the questions in the first instance. Thereafter, opportunity is given to those members who have made a special study of the subject under examination. Then other members are given an opportunity to raise any further points arising out of the discussions. Statement made by witnesses (ii) Questions are addressed to the witnesses for eliciting information and facts with a view to enabling the members to study the position in its proper perspective. The statements made by the representatives of the Ministry/Department on behalf of Government/Department are normally accepted as correct unless a member has information to the contrary. In such cases the member concerned may test her/his information by putting questions in an objective manner. .(iii) In case the witness is not in a position to elucidate any point immediately, she/he may be permitted by the Chairperson to furnish a reply to the Secretariat in writing as soon as possible. Difference of opinion in the Committee not to be aired in the presence of witnesses (iv) The opinions held by members are normally discussed by them at private sitting and not in the presence of witnesses. 24 (v) While examining witnesses members do not enter into discussion amongst themselves. Difference of opinion in the Committee is not aired and members do not contradict each other in the presence of witnesses. Such matters are reserved for discussion when the witnesses have withdrawn. (vi) Members do not normally interrupt the Chairperson or any other member who may be examining a witness. If any member wishes to intervence, she/he first obtains the permission of the Chairperson before interrupting the proceedings. Matters of minor details not pursued during oral evidence (vii) Matters of minor detail which result in little time being left for matters of major importance are no pursued in depth during oral evidence. Asking of written information from Ministry/Department (viii) Any written information or statement required by a member on any point arising during the course of examination of the witness by the Committee is passed on to Chairperson who may call for the information, if necessary. Details regarding personnel employed (ix) If it is necessary to enquire into certain details regarding the personnel employed by the Ministry/Department concerned, the question does not as far as possible, name particular individuals. Approach of members towards Official Witnesses 81. The officials who appear before the Committee to tender evidence are the highest placed functionaries in the Ministries/Departments/Organisations. They are extended due courtesy and given every consideration to enable them to place before the Committee all the relevant facts and information to facilitate understanding of the problems and issues in the proper perspective. Witness to Observe Proper Decorum 82. For the guidence of witnesses appearing before the Parliamentary Committee or their Sub-Committee, the following points of conduct and etiquette have, inter alia, been circulated to the Ministries/Departments of Government of India:— (i) Due respect to the Chairperson and Committee/Sub-Committee should be shown by the witness by bowing while taking her/his seat. 25 (ii) The witness should take the seat earmarked for her/him opposite to the seat of the Chairperson. (iii) The witness should answer specific questions put to her/him either by the Chairperson, or by a Member of the Committee or by another person authorized by the Chairperson. The witness may be asked to place before the Committee any other points that have not been covered and which the witness thinks are essential to be placed before the Committee. (iv) All submissions to the Chair and the Committee should be couched in courteous and polite language. (v) when the evidence is completed and the witness is asked to withdraw, she/he should, while leaving, bow to the Chair. Calling of Written Information after Evidence 83. After evidence, a list of points on which further information is desired by the Committee is prepared and after approval by the Chairperson sent to the Ministry/Department concerned for furnishing replies thereto. The replies on receipt are circulated through Members’ e-Portal to the Members. VI. PROCEEDINGS AND MINUTES OF SITTINGS Record of Proceedings 84. Verbatim record of the proceedings of each sitting of the Committee/ Sub-Committee, where evidence/briefing by the representatives of the Ministry/ non-official witnesses is taken, is kept by the Lok Sabha Secretariat. [Rule 19—Internal Working Rules of DRSCs] Proceedings of the Committee not open to outsiders 85. The proceedings of the Committee shall be treated as confidential and it shall not be permissible for a member of the Committee or anyone who has access to its proceedings to communicate, directly or indirectly to the Press any information regarding its proceedings including its Report or any conclusions arrived at, finally or tentatively, before the Report is presented to the House. [Direction 55 (1)] Correction of Proceedings by members and witnesses 86. Relevant portions of speeches are forwarded through members’e-portal to the members and sent to the officials tendering evidence before the Committee for correction and return within a stipulated period. If corrected copies of speeches are not received back in the given time, the reporters' copy is treated as authentic. Portions of proceedings sent to the official witnesses are invariably obtained back from them duly verified in time. Expunction from Proceedings 87. If the Chairperson is of the opinion that words, phrases or expressions in the proceedings of the Committee/Sub-Committee are unparliamentary, irrelevant or are not couched in respectful, decorous or temperate language, or are otherwise inappropriate, she/he may order such words, phrases or expressions to be expunged from the proceedings. Proceedings to be shown only to the members of the Committee 88. The verbatim proceedings are for the use of the Committee only. These are treated as confidential and not shown to any one who is not member of the Committee. 26 27 Proceedings not printed 89. The evidence given before the Committee is not usually printed or presented to the House. Proceedings are preserved in bound volumes by the Secretariat. Proceedings not be taken out of Parliament House 90. As per standing practice the proceedings are not taken out of the Parliament House but the same may be perused by any member of the Committee in the Chairperson's room. Drafting and circulation of Minutes 91. The minutes of each sitting of the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group are prepared by the Secretariat as soon as possible after termination of the sitting and after approval by Chairperson/Convenor or the member who presided at the sitting, circulated through Members’ e-Portal to the members of the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group, as the case may be. 92. When evidence is taken by the Committee, only brief minutes pertaining to the sitting of the Committee are prepared indicating that the verbatim record of the proceedings has been kept. 93. Until the minutes are presented to the House, they are treated as confidential. 94. The minutes of the sittings of the Committee are annexed to the Report to which these relate for presentation to the House. VII. REPORTS Drafting, circulation and consideration of draft Report 95. After the evidence has been concluded, the draft Report is prepared on the basis of information received and evidence taken. The draft Report, after approval by the Convenor/Chairperson, is circulated to members of the Study Group concerned/Committee. 96. The Report of the Committee shall be based on broad consensus. [Rule 331 I(1)] 97. A Member of the Committee may give note of dissent on the Report of the Committee. The note of dissent shall be presented to the House along with the Report. [Rule 331 I(2)/(3)] 98. When the Committee/Study Group is considering the draft Report or formulating its views on any matter, no one who is not a member or an officer of the Secretariat of the Committee is present at such a sitting. Factual verification of the Report 98 A. Advance copies of the Report (excluding recommendations), as approved/ adopted by the Committees shall be marked 'Secret' and sent to the concerned Ministry/Department/Statutory and Government Organization for verification of factual details, with instructions to treat the contents of the Report as 'Secret' until the Report is presented to the House. On receipt of the comments of the Ministry/Department/Statutory and Government Organizations, the Chairperson may make suitable modifications in the Report to correct factual inaccuracies, if any, or may direct the matter be placed before the Committee for consideration. Finalisation and presentation of Report 99. As soon as the Report is finalised it is printed/cyclostyled for presentation to Parliament. The Report is signed by the Chairperson on behalf of the Committee. Provided that, in case the Chairperson is absent or is not readily available, the Committee shall choose another member to sign the report on behalf of the Committee. [Rule 31—Internal Working Rules of DRSCs] 100. The Report is ordinarily presented to the House by the Chairperson, but if she/he is unable to do so, one of the members of the Committee who may be 28 29 authorized by her/him may present the Report on her/his behalf. A copy of the Report is also simultaneously laid on Table of the Rajya Sabha by a member of the Committee who has been authorized by the Chairperson to do so. 101. Until the Report is presented to the House members are enjoined to treat it as secret. 102. Ordinarily the Report of the Committee shall be presented to the House, but in case the Committee completes its Report when the House is not in Session, the Chairperson of the Committee may present it to the Speaker. 103. The Speaker may under the provisions of Rule 280 order the printing, publication or circulation of the Report before it is presented to the House. 104. The Report shall be presented to the House during the next Session at the first convenient opportunity by the Chairperson or in her/his absence by a member of the Committee. While presenting the Report, the Chairperson or in her/his absence the member presenting the Report shall confine herself/himself to a brief statement to the effect that the Report was presented to the Speaker when the House was not in Session and that orders for its printing, publication or circulation were given by the Speaker under Rule 280. Where the Lok Sabha is dissolved after presentation of the Report to the Speaker and before presentation to the House, the Report is laid on the Table of the new House by the Secretary-General at the first convenient opportunity. [Direction 71A] 105. As soon as possible after presentation of the Report to the House, copies thereof are made available to the members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha and other authorities concerned. VIII. IMPLEMENTATION OF RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE Circulation of report to Ministries, etc. and calling of statements showing action taken on recommendations 106. After presentation of the report (on Demands for Grants/subjects based on Annual Report/long term policies) to the House, a copy of the Report is forwarded to the Ministry/Department concerned who are required to furnish to the Lok Sabha Secretariat a statement showing the action taken by them on the recommendations contained in the Report normally within three months from the date of presentation of the Report or within the time stipulated in the Report itself. [Rule 34(1)—Internal Working Rules] 107. No extention beyond three months shall ordinarily be granted except in very exceptional circumstances upto another period of one month with the approval of the Chairperson only. In case no reply is received during this extended period, the matter shall be placed before the Chairperson for her/his orders. [Rule 34(2)—Internal Working Rules of DRSCs] 108. Additional information to clarify certain points arising out of the replies may be called for from the Ministry/Department. Action Taken Report 109. The Statement showing the action taken by Government on the recommendations contained in the Report of the Committee is examined and a draft Action Taken Report is prepared by the Secretariat consisting of five Chapters viz. (i) Report of the Committee comprising inter alia observations and recommendations meriting comments from the Committee; (ii) Recommendations/Observations which have been accepted by the Government; (iii) Recommendations/Observations which the Committee do not desire to pursue in view of Government's reply; (iv) Recommendations/ Observations in respect of which replies of the Government have not been accepted by the Committee; and (v) Recommendations/Observations in respect of which final replies of the Government have not been received. The Draft Report is submitted to the Chairperson for approval. 110. After approval by the Chairperson the draft Report is considered by the Action Taken Sub-Committee. After the draft Report is approved by the Action 30 31 Taken Sub-Committee, it is circulated/e-mailed through Members’ e-Portal to the members of the Committee. Any point, which in the opinion of the Action Taken Sub-Committee or the Chairperson requires consideration (by the Committee), is specifically mentioned in the forwarding communication to the members. 111. The Report is finalized by the Chairperson after incorporating the amendments/modifications decided upon during the sitting and is presented to the House in the usual manner. Procedure to deal with the Report on Bill(s) 112. After presentation of a report on a Bill referred to the Committee, the Secretariat to the Committee shall after the Bill has been passed by the House, prepare a Memorandum/statement indicating whether, the observations/ recommendations offered by the Committee were discussed/accepted/not accepted/amendments other than those suggested by the Committee were accepted. For this purpose necessary information may be obtained from the concerned Ministry. The Memorandum/statement shall be put up to the Chairperson and after her/his approval the same may be circulated to members of the Committee. [Rule 36 Internal Working Rules of DRSCs] Statement by Minister on Committee Reports 113. The Minister concerned shall make once in six months a statement in the House regarding the status of implementation of recommendations contained in the Reports of Departmentally Related Standing Committee of Lok Sabha with regard to her/his Ministry. [Direction 73A of the ‘Directions by the Speaker’] Laying of Action Taken Statements 114. While forwarding the Action Taken Report to the Government, the Ministry concerned shall be asked to furnish as early as possible statement of action taken or proposed to be taken by them on the recommendations contained in Chapter I and final replies to the recommendations contained in Chapter V of the Action Taken Report. The replies so received shall be consolidated in the form of a "Statement" and after Chairperson's approval, laid on the Table of House. IX. GENERAL Duties and Powers of the Chairperson 115. Any procedural matter arising at the sittings of the Committee is decided by the Chairperson. If any doubt arises on any point of procedure or otherwise, the Chairperson may, if he/she thinks fit, refer the point to the Speaker whose decision is final. 116. Minutes of the Sittings of the Committee are approved by the Chairperson, and its Report is signed by him/her, on behalf of the Committee, before it is presented to the Speaker or the House. He/she has also the power to correct patent errors or matters of factual nature in the Report before its presentation to the Speaker or the House. 117. All communications betweeen a Committee and the Speaker or the House are made by the Chairperson of the Committee. He/she is, so to say, the spokesperson or the mouthpiece of the Committee.* Expunction of unparliamentary words, phrases or expressions from documents presented to the Committee 118. If in the opinion of the Chairperson, a document, such as representation, memorandum, etc. presented e-mail to a Committee, contains words, phrases or expressions which are unparliamentary, irrelevant or are not couched in respectful, decorous and temperate language, or are otherwise inappropriate, he/she may order such words, phrases or expressions to be expunged from such document. [Direction No. 64(1)] 119. The Speaker also has the power to order expunctions in like circumstances and he/she has also the power to review all decisions regarding the expunction from such documents and his/her decision thereon is final. [Direction No. 64(2)] Unfinished work of the Committee 120. The work of the Committee is of a continuous nature and it is generally the practice that the work of the Committee which is left unfinished at the end of the term is taken up by the succeeding Committee at the stage where it was left. Power of the Speaker to give directions 121. The Speaker may from time-to-time issue such directions to the Chairperson of a Committee as he/she may consider necessary for regulating its procedure and organisation of its work. [Rule 283(1)] *Kaul and Shakdher: Parliamentary Practice and Procedure, Sixth Edition (2009) P. 137. 32 X. CONVENTIONS Appointment of Committee by Government to examine a subject already under examination of the Committee 122. In regard to appointment of Committee by Government to examine a subject already under examination of a Standing Committee the following conventions are observed:— (i) (a) If any Ministry/Department proposes to set up a Committee to investigate or inquire into any matter it should ascertain from the Committee Secretariat whether the Standing Committee is already engaged in an examination of the same matter; (b) If the Committee is already so engaged, no other Committee shall be set up by Government unless the appointment of such a Committee is clearly unavoidable in the public interest; (ii) (a) Where the appointment of such a Committee is considered necessary, no member of Parliament shall be appointed as a member of such a Committee, except after previous consultation with the Standing Committee, such consultation being made through the Committee Secretariat; (b) The report of any Committee with a Member of Parliament so set up should not be published without prior consultation with the Standing Committee through the Committee Secretariat. If any difference of opinion arises between the Ministry and the Parliamentary Committee, the guidance of the Speaker should be sought. 123. The above procedure does not apply to purely departmental Committees composed entirely of officials which may be set up to examine specific questions and whose reports are not intended to be published. [Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs, O.M. No. 119(I)/57-APA, dated 25th June, 1957] 33 34 124. The following general conventions are observed by the Committees:— Restriction on raising matters in House which are under consideration of the Committees (i) Members of the Committee, as far as possible, avoid raising in the House matters which are under the consideration of the Committee. This applies to the asking of questions and supplementary questions, tabling of motions including cut motions and resolutions as well as participation in debates in the House on matters which are under the consideration of the Committee. Information not to be disclosed to anyone (ii) Members do not either in their capacity as Members or individuals disclose any information that they might have obtained as members, any points of dispute that might have arisen or any discussion as to what is going to be the recommendation of the Committee. Members of the Committee do not divulge to the Press or the public the proceedings of the Committee. Information given to Media by Chairperson (iii) Any useful information regarding the working of the Committee or its Sub-Committee is given to the media by the Chairperson only. Press Note (iv) The Committee does not issue any Press Note in regard to its sittings held either for the purpose of taking evidence or for deliberations. However, after presentation of the report, a Press release, indicating some of the more important recommendations made in the Report, is issued by the Secretariat with the approval of the Chairperson. If the Chairperson specifically desires, Press Conference might be held to highlight the important recommendations/observations contained in the Report. Appearance of members as witnesses (v) No member of a Standing Committee appears as a witness before any Committee, Commission, etc., formally or informally, in regard to a matter which is under examination of the Committee. 35 DRSCs at Work Lok Sabha No. of Standing Reports on Demands for Grants, Bills, Committees Policies and Annual Reports/Subjects Original Action Total Reports Taken Reports Reports 10th 17 309 113 422 11th 17 154 50 204 12th 17 161 80 241 13th 17 463 324 787 14th 24 622 414 1036 15th 24 590 427 1017 16th 24 568 502 1070 APPENDIX I (Vide paras 13 and 28) EXTRACTS FROM THE RULES OF PROCEDURE AND CONDUCT OF BUSINESS IN LOK SABHA (SIXTEENTH EDITION) RELATING TO THE DRSCs Departmentally Related Standing Committees 331C. (1) There shall be Departmentally Related Standing Committees of the Houses (to be called the Standing Committees). (2) The Ministries/Departments covered under the jurisdiction of each of the Standing Committees shall be as specified in the Fifth Schedule: Provided that the Chairman, Rajya Sabha and the Speaker may alter the said Schedule from time to time in consultation with each other. Constitution 331D. (1) Each of the Standing Committees constituted under Rule 331C shall consist of not more than 31 members, 21 members to be nominated by the Speaker from amongst the members of Lok Sabha and 10 members to be nominated by the Chairman, Rajya Sabha, from amongst the members of Rajya Sabha. (2) A Minister shall not be nominated as a member of the Committee and if a member after his/her nomination to the Committee is appointed a Minister, he/she shall cease to be a member of the Committee from the date of such appointment. (3) The Chairperson of Committees as specified in Part I of the Fifth Schedule shall be appointed by the Chairperson, Rajya Sabha and Chairperson of Committees as specified in Part II of the Schedule shall be appointed by the Speaker, from amongst the members of the Committees. (4) The term of office of the members of the Committees shall not exceed one year. 36 37 Functions 331E. (1) The functions of each of the Standing Committees shall be:— (a) to consider the Demands for Grants of the concerned Ministries/ Departments and make a report on the same to the Houses. The report shall not suggest anything of the nature of cut motions; (b) to examine such Bills pertaining to the concerned Ministries/ Departments as are referred to the Committee by the Chairman, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, as the case may be, and make report thereon; (c) to consider annual reports of Ministries/Departments and make reports thereon; and (d) to consider national basic long term policy documents presented to the Houses, if referred to the Committee by the Chairman, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, as the case may be and make reports thereon. (2) The Standing Committees shall not consider the matters of day to day administration of the concerned Ministries/Departments. Applicability of provisions relating to Functions 331F. Each of the functions of these Committees as provided in clauses (a) to (d) of sub-rule (1) of rule 311E shall be applicable to the Committees from the date as may be notified by the Chairman, Rajya Sabha and the Speaker in respect of applicability of particular function. Procedure relating to Demands for Grants 331G. The following procedure shall be followed by each of the Standing Committees in their consideration of the Demands for Grants and making a report thereon to the Houses:— (a) after the general discussion on the Budget in the Houses is over, the Houses shall be adjourned for a fixed period; (b) the Committees shall consider the Demands for Grants of the concerned Ministries during the aforesaid period; (c) the Committees shall make their report within the period and shall not ask for more time; (d) the Demands for Grants shall be considered by the House in the light of the reports of the Committees; and 38 (e) there shall be a separate report on the Demands for Grants of each Ministry. Procedure relating to Bills 331H. The following procedure shall be followed by each of the Standing Committees in examining the Bills and making report thereon:— (a) the Committees shall consider the general principles and clauses of the Bills referred to them and make report thereon; (b) the Committee shall consider only such Bills introduced in either of the Houses as are referred to them by the Chairperson, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, as the case may be; and (c) the Committee shall make report on the Bills in the given time. Reports of the Committees 331I. (1) The Reports of the Committees shall be based on broad consensus. (2) A member of a Standing Committee may give note of dissent on the report of the Committee. (3) The note of dissent shall be presented to the House along with the report. Applicability of General Rules 331J. Except for matters for which special provision is made in the rule relating to the Standing Committees, the general rules applicable to other Parliamentary Committees in Rajya Sabha shall apply mutatis mutandis to the Standing Committees specified in Part I of the Fifth Schedule and the general rules applicable to other Parliamentary Committees in Lok Sabha shall apply to Standing Committees as specified in Part II of Schedule. Venue of sittings 331K. The Standing Committees shall not work in any other place except the precincts of Parliament House, unless otherwise specifically permitted by the Chairman, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, as the case may be. Power to have expert opinion 331L. The Committee may avail of the expert opinion or the public opinion to 39 make the report. Matters not to be considered 331M. The Standing Committees shall not generally consider the matters which are considered by the other Parliamentary Committees. Reports to have persuasive value 331N. The report of the Standing Committees shall have persuasive value and shall be treated as considered advice given by the Committees. APPENDIX II EXTRACTS OF GENERAL RULES RELATING TO PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEES THAT GOVERN THE FUNCTIONING OF DRSCs via RULE 253-286 PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEES GENERAL RULES Parliamentary 253. In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires, Committee. ‘Committee’ means and includes ‘Parliamentary Committee’ as defined in sub-rule (1) of rule 2. Appointment 254. (1) The members of a Committee shall be appointed or of elected by the House on a motion made or nominated by Committee. the Speaker as the case may be. (2) No member shall be appointed to a Committee if unwilling to serve on it. The proposer shall ascertain whether the member whose name is being proposed is willing to serve on the Committee. (3) Casual vacancies in a Committee shall be filled by appointment or election by the House on a motion made, or nomination by the Speaker, as the case may be, and any member appointed, elected or nominated to fill such vacancy shall hold office for the unexpired portion of the term for which the member in whose place, a member to fill the casual vacancy is appointed, elected or nominated would have normally held office. Objection to 255. Where an objection is taken to the inclusion of a member membership in a Committee on the ground that the member has a personal, of pecuniary or direct interest of such an intimate character that Committee. it may prejudicially affect the consideration of any matters to be considered by the Committee, the procedure shall be as follows: (a) The member who has taken objection shall precisely state the ground of such objection and the nature of the alleged interest, whether personal, pecuniary or direct, of the proposed member in the matters coming up before the Committee; (b) After the objection has been stated, the Speaker shall give an opportunity to the member proposed 40 41 on the Committee against whom the objection has been taken to state the position; (c) if there is dispute on facts, the Speaker may call upon the member taking objection and the member against whose appointment on the Committee objection has been taken, to produce documentary or other evidence in support of their respective cases; (d) The Speaker, shall, after considering the evidence so tendered, give decision which shall be final; (e) Until the Speaker has given the decision under clause (d), the member against whose appointment on the Committee objection has been taken shall continue to be a member thereof if elected or nominated and take part in discussion, but shall not be entitled to vote; and (f) if the Speaker holds that the member against whose appointment objection has been taken has a personal, pecuniary or direct interest in the matter before the Committee, that member shall cease to be a member thereof forthwith: Provided that the proceedings of the sitting of the Committee at which such member was present shall not in any way be affected by the decision of the Speaker. Explanation.—For the purpose of this rule the interest of the member should be direct, personal or pecuniary and separately belong to the person whose inclusion in the Committee is objected to and not in common with the public in general or with any class or section thereof or on a matter of State policy. 256. A Committee nominated by the Speaker shall, unless Term of otherwise specified in the rules contained in this Chapter, Office of hold office for the period specified by the Speaker or until a Committee new Committee is nominated. nominated by Speaker. 257. (1) A member may resign one’s seat from a Committee by 1[Resignation writing under own hand addressed to the Speaker, in the from following form: Committee. 1Sub. by L.S. Bn. (II), dated 9.5.1989, para 2930. 42 ‘To The Speaker. Lok Sabha, New Delhi. Madam/Sir, I hereby tender my resignation from the membership of the Committee on ...... with effect from ...... Yours faithfully, Place...... Date ...... (Name of the Member).’ (2) The resignation shall take effect from the date of resignation specified in the letter of resignation. (3) If the date from which the resignation should take effect is not specified in the letter, the resignation shall take effect from the date of the letter. (4) If the letter of resignation does not bear any date, the resignation shall take effect from the date of receipt of the letter in the Lok Sabha Secretariat.] Chaiperson 258. (1) The Chairperson of a Committee shall be of appointed of by the Speaker from amongst members of the Committee: Committee. Provided that the Deputy Speaker, in case is a member of the Committee, shall be appointed as Chairperson of the Committee. (2) If the Chairperson is for any reason unable to act, the Speaker may appoint another Chairperson in her or his place. (3) If the Chairperson is absent from any sitting, the Committee shall choose another member to act as Chairperson for that sitting. Quorum in 259. (1) The quorum to constitute a sitting of a Committee. Committee. shall be, as near as may be, one-third of the total number of members of the Committee. 43 (2) If at any time fixed for any sitting of the cmmittee, or if at any time during any such sitting, there is no quorum, the Chairperson of the Committee shall either suspend the sitting until there is a quorum or adjourn the sitting to some future day. (3) When the Committee has been adjourned in pursuance of sub-rule (2) on two successive dates fixed for sittings of the Committee, the Chairperson shall report the fact to the House: Provided that where the Committee has been appointed by the Speaker, the Chairperson shall report the fact of such adjournment to the Speaker. 260. If a member is absent from two or more consecutive Discharge of sittings of a Committee without the permission of the members Chairperson, a motion may be moved in the House for absent the discharge of such member from the Committee: from sittings Provided that where the members of the Committee are of Committee. nominated by the Speaker such member may be discharged by the Speaker. 261. All questions at any sitting of a Committee shall be Decision in determined by a majority of votes of the members present and Committee. voting. 262. In the case of an equality of votes on any matter, the Casting vote of Chairperson or the person acting as such, shall have a second Chairperson. or casting vote. 263. (1) A Committee may appoint one or more sub-Committees, Power to each having the powers of the undivided Committee, to appoint sub- examine any matters that may be referred to them and the Committees. reports of such sub-committees shall be deemed to be the reports of the whole Committee, if they are approved at a sitting of the whole Committee. (2) The order of reference to a sub-Committee shall clearly state the point or points for investigation. The report of the sub-Committee shall be considered by the whole Committee. 264. The sittings of a Committee shall be held on such days Sittings of and at such hour as the Chairperson of the Committee may fix: Committee. 44 Provided that if the Chairperson of the Committee is not readily available, the Secretary-General may fix the date and time of a sitting: Provided further that in the case of Select or Joint Committee on a Bill, if the Chairperson of the Committee is not readily available, the Secretary- General may, in consultation with the Minister concerned with the Bill, fix the date and time of a sitting. Committee 265. A Committee may sit whilst the House is sitting provided may sit that on a division being called in the House, the Chairperson whilst House of the Committee shall suspend the proceedings in the sitting. Committee for such time as will in the opinion of the Chairperson, enable the members to vote in a division. Sittings in 266. The sittings of a Committee shall be held in private. private. Venue of 267. The sittings of a Committee shall be held within the Sittings. precincts of the Parliament House, and if it becomes necessary to change the place of sitting outside the Parliament House, the matter shall be referred to the Speaker whose decision shall be final. Strangers to 268. All persons other than members of the Committee and withdraw officers of the Lok Sabha Secretariat shall withdraw whenever when the Committee is deliberating. Committee deliberates. Power to take 269. (1) A witness may be summoned by an order signed by evidence or the Secretary-General and shall produce such documents as call for are required for the use of a Committee. documents. (2) It shall be in the discretion of the Committee to treat any evidence given before it as secret or confidential. (3) No document submitted to the Committee shall be withdrawn or altered without the knowledge and approval of the Committee. Power to 270. A Committee shall have power to send for persons, papers send for and records: persons, Provided that if any question arises whether the evidence of a papers and person or the production of a document is relevant for the records. purposes of the Committee, the question shall be referred to the Speaker whose decision shall be final: 45 Provided further that Government may decline to produce a document on the ground that its disclosure would be prejudicial to the safety or interest of the State. 271. A Committee may, under the direction of the Speaker, Counsel for permit a witness to be heard by a counsel appointed by the witness. witness and approved by the Committee. 272. (1) A Committee may administer oath or Evidence Evidence affirmation to a witness examined before it. on oath. (2) The form of the oath or affirmation shall be as follows: Swear in the name God ‘1, A.B., ——————————— that the solemnly affirm evidence which I shall give in this case shall be true, that I will conceal nothing, and that no part of my evidence shall be false.’ 273. The examination of witnesses before a Committee shall Examination be conducted as follows:— of witnesses. (i) The Committee shall, before a witness is called for examination, decide the mode of procedure and the nature of question that may be asked of the witness. (ii) The Chairperson of the Committee may first ask the witness such question or questions, as is considered necessary by the Chairperson, with reference to the subject matter under consideration or any subject connected therewith according to the mode of procedure mentioned in clause (i) of this rule. (iii) The Chairperson may call other members of the Committee one by one to ask any other questions. (iv) A witness may be asked to place before the Committee any other relevant points that have not been covered and which a witness thinks are essential to be placed before the Committee. (v) A verbatim record of proceedings of the Committee shall, when a witness is summoned to give evidence, be kept. (vi) The evidence given before the Committee may be made available to all members of the Committee. 46 Record of 274. A record of the decisions of a Committee shall be decisions. maintained and circulated to members of the Committee under the direction of the Chairperson. Evidence. 275. (1) A Committee may direct that the whole or a part of the report and evidence or a summary thereof may be laid on the Table. proceedings treated as confidential. (2) No part of the evidence, oral or written, report or proceedings of the Committee which has not been laid on the Table shall be open to inspection by any one except under the authority of the Speaker. (3) The evidence given before a Committee shall not be published by any member of the Committee or by any other person until it has been laid on the Table. Provided that the Speaker may, while exercising discretion direct that such evidence be confidentially made available to members before it is formally laid on the Table. Special 276. A Committee may, if it thinks fit, make a special report on Report. any matter that arises or comes to light in the course of its work which it may consider necessary to bring to the notice of the Speaker or the House, notwithstanding that such matter is not directly connected with, or does not fall within or is not incidental to, its terms of reference. Report. 277. (1) Where the House has not fixed any time for the presentation of a report by a Committee the report shall be presented within one month of the date on which reference to the Committee was made: Provided that the House may at any time, on a motion being made, direct that the time for the presentation of the report by the Committee be extended to a date specified in the motion. (2) Reports may be either preliminary or final. (3) The report of the Committee shall be signed by the Chairperson on behalf of the Committee: Provided that in case the Chairperson is absent or is not readily available the Committee shall choose another member to sign the report on behalf of the Committee. Availability of 278. A Committee may, if it thinks fit, make available to report to Government any completed part of its report before Government presentation to the House. Such reports shall be treated as before confidential until presented to the House. presentation. 47 279. (1) The report of a Committee shall be presented to the Presentation House by the Chairperson or in the absence of the Chairperson of report. by any member of the Committee. (2) In presenting the report the Chairperson or, in the absence of the Chairperson, the member presenting the report shall, if makes any remarks, confine to a brief statement of fact, but there shall be no debate on that statement at this stage. . 280. On a request being made and when the House is not in Printing session, the Speaker may, order the printing, publication or publication or circulation of a report of a Committee although it has not circulation of been presented to the House. In that case the report shall be report before presented to the House during its next session at the first presentation. convenient opportunity. 281. A Committee shall have power to pass resolutions on Power to matters of procedure relating to that Committee for the make consideration of the Speaker, who may make such variations suggestions on in procedure as the Speaker may consider necessary. procedure. 282. A Committee may with the approval of the Speaker make Power to detailed rules of procedure to supplement the provisions make contained in the rules in this Chapter. detailed rules. 283. (1) The Speaker may from time to time issue such Power of directions to the Chairperson of a Committee, as the Speaker Speaker considers necessary, for regulating its procedure and the to give organisation of its work. directions. (2) If any doubt arises on any point of procedure or otherwise, the Chairperson may if thinks fit, refer the point to the Speaker whose decision shall be final. 284. Any business pending before a Committee shall not Business lapse by reason only of the proprogation of the House and before the Committee shall continue to function notwithstanding Committee such prorogation. not to lapse on prorogation of House. 48 Unfinished 285. A Committee which is unable to complete its work Work of before the expiration of its term or before the dissolution of Committee. the House may report to the House that the Committee has not been able to complete its work. Any preliminary report, memorandum or note that the Committee may have prepared or any evidence that the Committee may have taken shall be made available to the new Committee. Applicability 286. Except for matters for which special provision is made in of general the rules relating to any particular Committee, the general rules rules to in this Chapter shall apply to all Committees; and if and so Committees. far as any provision in the special rules relating to a Committee is inconsistent with the general rules, the former rules shall prevail. APPENDIX III (Vide para 28) EXTRACTS FROM THE DIRECTIONS BY THE SPEAKER, LOK SABHA (NINTH EDITION) WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO DRSCs ALSO Applicability of general directions to Parliamentary Committees 49. Except for matters for which special provision is made in the directions relating to any particular Committee, the general directions in this Chapter shall apply to all Committees; and if and so far as any provision in the special directions relating to a Committee is inconsistent with general directions, the former shall prevail. Venue of sittings 50. (1) Sitting of a Committee/sub-Committee, whether formal or informal, at which Officers or staff of the Lok Sabha Secretariat are required to be present, shall invariably be held within the precincts of the Parliament House. If, for any reasons, it becomes necessary to hold a sitting of the Committee outside the Parliament House, the matter shall be referred to the Speaker for his/her directions. (2) When the Committee is on a study tour, informal sittings may be held at the place of the visit, but at such sittings, no decisions shall be taken nor any evidence recorded. Time of sittings whilst House sitting 51. Unless the Speaker otherwise permits, no sitting of a Committee shall be held after the commencement of a sitting of the House and before 1500 hours on days when the House is sitting. Personal, pecuniary or direct interest of member 52A. (1) Where a member of a Committee has a personal, pecuniary or direct interest in any matter which is to be considered by the Committee, he/she shall state his/her interest therein to the Speaker through the Chairperson of the Committee. (2) After the Speaker has considered the matter he/she shall give his/her decision which shall be final. 49 50 Proceeding and certain documents treated as confidential 55. (1) The proceedings of a Committee shall be treated as confidential and it shall not be permissible for a member of the Committee or any one who has access to its proceedings to communicate, directly or indirectly, to the press any information regarding its proceedings including its report or any conclusions arrived at, finally or tentatively, before the report has been presented to the House. (2) Whenever a paper or document, marked 'secret' or 'confidential' is circulated to the members of the Committee, the contents of such paper or document shall not be divulged by any member either in the minute of dissent or on the floor of the House, or otherwise, without the permission of the Speaker, and where such permission has been obtained any restriction imposed by the Speaker in regard to the manner in which, or the extent to which, the information contained in the document may be divulged, shall be strictly observed. Procedure regarding sub-Committees 56. (1) If a Committee appoints a sub-Committee to consider special points under rule 263(1), the report of the sub-Committee duly signed by the Chairperson on behalf of the sub-Committee shall be submitted by the prescribed period and copies of the same shall be made available to all members of the Committee before they meet to consider the report of the sub-Committee. (2) The Chairperson of the Committee shall appoint the Convenor of the sub-Committee. (3) The procedure in the sub-Committee shall, as far as practicable, be the same as is followed in the whole Committee. Statement by Minister on Committee Reports Implementation of Committees' Recommendations 73A. The Minister concerned shall make once in six months a statement in the House regarding the status of Implementation of Recommendations contained in the Reports of Departmentally Related Standing Committees of Lok Sabha with regard to his Ministry. APPENDIX IV (Vide para 30) RULES OF PROCEDURE (INTERNAL WORKING) OF THE DEPARTMENTALLY RELATED STANDING COMMITTEES (LOK SABHA) Selection of Subjects for examination 1. The Committee shall select from time to time for examination, such subjects as they may deem fit and as fall within their jurisdiction, relating to: (a) Demands for Grants of the concerned Ministries/Departments. (b) Bills pertaining to the concerned Ministries/Departments as are referred to the Committee by the Chairperson, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, Lok Sabha. (c) Annual Reports of Ministries/Departments. (d) National Basic Long Term Policy documents presented to the Houses, if referred to the Committee by the Chairperson, Rajya Sabha or the Speaker, Lok Sabha, as the case may be. 2. The functions at (a), (b) and (d) above are mandatory. The procedure for examining Demands for Grants and Bills is to be governed by the provisions of rules 331G and 331H. 3. The Committee shall, in connection with examination of Annual Report(s) pertaining to the Ministry/Department, select such subjects containing therein as the Committee may deem fit, as per the provisions laid down in the succeeding rules. Appointment of sub-Committee/Study-Group 4.(1) The Committee may from time to time appoint one or more sub- Committee(s)/Study-Group(s) for carrying out detailed examination of subject(s) selected by them during the year. (2) The Committee may appoint a sub-Committee to consider the action taken replies furnished by the Government on the recommendations contained in their earlier reports and also to consider the draft action taken report(s). 51 52 (3) The Chairperson/Convenor(s)/Alternate Convenor(s) of sub-Committee(s)/Study-Group(s) shall be appointed by the Chairperson of the Committee from amongst the member of the sub-Committee/Study-Group. 5. The functions of the sub-Committee/Study-Group may be broadly as set out in Annexure-I of Appendix IV. Material to be furnished to the Committee 6. (1) The Ministry/Department/Organisation concerned with subject(s) to be examined by the Committee/sub-Committee may be requested in writing by the Secretariat to furnish sufficient number of sets both in English and Hindi versions of the necessary background/preliminary material relating to the subject(s) for the use of the members of the Committee/sub-Committee. (2) The Background/preliminary material to be furnished to the Committee/ sub-Committee in respect of subject(s) selected for examination of a Ministry/ Department/Organisation shall generally be on the lines as set out in Annexures II to V of Appendix IV. Circulation of material to members 7. The material if related to the subject(s) under examination of the Committee/ sub-Committee(s), as soon as possible, after its receipt in the Secretariat shall be circulated to the members of the Committee/sub-Committee with a covering letter. Material circulated to the Committee to be treated as confidential 8. The material circulated to the Committee/sub-Committee shall be treated as confidential and the contents thereof shall not be divulged to anyone nor shall any reference be made to such information, outside the Committee/ sub-Committee at any time before the report on the subject has been presented to the House. Thereafter, reference may be made only to such information as is available in the documents or records laid on the Table. Sittings of Committee/sub-Committee/Study-Group 9. The detailed programme of work for the examination of the subjects may be determined by the Committee/sub-Committee/Study-Group from time to time. The Committee shall meet at such time and for such period as the Chairperson/ Convenor may decide. Notice of sittings 10. When the date and time of a sitting of the Committee/sub-Committee/ Study-Group has been fixed by the Chairperson/Convenor, notice thereof shall 53 be issued by the Secretariat to the members of the Committee/sub-Committee/ Study-Group concerned. Committee sittings not open to "Media" 11. The sittings of the Committee shall not be open to the Media. However, if Chairperson considers it necessary, he/she can brief the Media about the subject matter of the discussion held by the Committee. The discussion on the subject may not be referred to before the Report on the subject is presented to Parliament. Attendance of persons other than members of the Committee 12. A member who is not a member of Committee should not be made a permanent Special Invitee. A Committee may take the expert assistance of such member to invite him/her without making him as special Invitee. A member of Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha who is not a member of the Committee or a member of State Legislature, or an officer of State Legislature may, with the permission of the Chairperson attend the sitting of the Committee, when evidence is being taken by it, but not when the Committee is deliberating. Such member or officer shall not, however, take part in any manner in the proceedings of the Committee nor sit in the body of the Committee. Questions and suggestions by members 13. (1) The members of the Committee/sub-Committee may, after going through the material circulated to them by the Secretariat, suggest points on which further written information is required by them. (2) These questions or points will be sent to the Secretariat seven days in advance of the date of the sitting. Where the Committee/sub-Committee meets at a short notice, the period of seven days referred to above may be reduced under orders of the Chairperson/Convenor. (3) The members may send their suggestions, if any, for the consideration of the Committee/Sub-Committee two days in advance of the date of the sitting. Study Tours 14. (1) The Committee/Sub-Committee or Study Group nominated by the Chairperson, may with prior permission of the Speaker undertake, if necessary, 'on-the-spot' study of various institutions and establishments connected with the subject selected for examination. (2) The Guidelines issued by the Speaker, Lok Sabha from time to time regarding tours of Parliamentary Committees shall be followed during the Study Tours undertaken by the Committee/sub-Committee/Study-Group. 54 (3) Tour notes of Committee/sub-Committee/Study-Group shall be prepared by the Secretariat and after approval by the Chairperson/Convenor, the copy thereof shall be kept with the Private Secretary to Chairperson for perusal of the members of the Committee/sub-Committee/Study-Group. Production/Submission of documents by the Government 15. (1) The Committee/sub-Committee may send for persons, papers and records required in connection with the examination of subject in terms of rule 270 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha. In the case of secret documents required by the Committee/sub-Committee such papers may in the first instance, be made available by Ministry/Department/Statutory/ Government Organisation confidentially to the Chairperson unless it is certified by the Minister concerned that the document cannot be made available on the ground that its disclosure would be prejudicial to the safety or interest of the State. (2) The Chairperson may give due consideration to the views of the concerned Ministry/Department/Statutory or Government Organisation before making any secret documents available to the members of the Committee/sub- Committee. Any difference of opinion between the Ministry/Department/ Statutory or Government Organisation and the Chairperson may be settled by discussion and if no satisfactory arrangement is arrived at, the matter shall then be placed before the Speaker for his decision. Points for oral examination 16. (1) The Secretariat shall prepare a list of points or questions for oral examination of the witnesses incorporating therein any suggestions that may be received from members of the Committee/sub-Committee in this regard, for the approval of the Chairperson/Convenor. (2) Copies of the list of points or questions for oral examination as approved by the Chairperson/Convenor may be circulated in advance to the Ministry/ Department/Statutory or Government Organisation and the members of the Committee/sub-Committee. Procedure when taken oral evidence 17. (1) The Chairperson shall read out directions 55(1) and 58 of ‘Directions by the Speaker’ to the witnesses before start of evidence. (2) When deliberating on a Bill, the Committee may associate and seek the presence of the officers dealing with the Bill in the concerned Ministry and the Ministry of Law. 55 Recall of witness 18. The Committee may recall any witness to give further evidence on any points in respect of a subject which is under examination of the Committee. Verbatim record of the proceedings 19. Verbatim record of the proceedings of the sittings of the Committee/sub- Committee at which evidence/briefing by the representatives of the Ministry/ non-official witnesses is taken, shall be kept. Correction of proceedings by witness(es) 20. (1) Verbatim proceedings of the Committee/sub-Committee if taken shall be treated as confidential and shall not be made available to anyone without the orders of the Speaker. (2) Verbatim proceedings of the sittings at which evidence has been taken as also drafts of the report based on them or portions of drafts based on them shall be forwarded to the concerned Ministry/Department for confirmation and return of the same within a period as specified by the Secretariat. (3) Corrections in the verbatim proceedings shall be made neatly and legibly by the Ministry/Department in ink and shall be confined to corrections of factual inaccuracies either grammatical errors or such other patent errors as incorrect figures etc. only. (4) The Ministry/Department may bring to the notice of the Committee/sub- Committee such parts of the evidence or draft report which it may consider to be of such nature as to warrant its deletion from the final report. In case the Committee/sub-Committee disagrees with the views of Ministry/Department, it may bring it to the notice of the Speaker and his/her decision thereon shall be final. (5) Relevant portion of verbatim proceedings of the sitting(s) of a Committee/ sub-Committee during which evidence is taken shall be circulated to the members concerned and a copy of the full proceedings shall be kept with the Private Secretary to the Chairperson for perusal and correction by the members of the Committee/sub-Committee, by a date fixed by the Secretariat. Points on which further information is required 21. The Secretariat shall note down the points on which further information is required by the Committee/sub-Committee during evidence and under the 56 directions of the Chairperson/Convenor, take such action in the matter as may be necessary. Minutes of Sittings 22. The Secretariat shall prepare draft minutes of the sitting(s) of the Committee/sub-Committee/Study Group. The minutes will be approved by the Chairperson/Convenor or the member who presided over the sitting, as the case may be. 23. The minutes of each sitting of the Committee/sub-Committee/Study Group, as approved by the Chairperson/Convenor shall be circulated to the members of the Committee/sub-Committee/Study Group. Laying of minutes on the Table of the House 24. The minutes of each sitting of the Committee and the minutes of the sub-Committee(s) at which evidence is taken and the draft report is approved/ adopted by the Committee/sub-Committee, shall be laid on the Table of the House alongwith the report to which they relate. Preparation of draft Report 25. (1) While considering the Demands for Grants, the provisions of rule 331G(c) shall be kept in view so that the report of the Committee is presented to the House immediately when it meets after the recess. (2) After the examination of any subject has been completed, the Committee/ sub-Committee/Study Group may formulate their conclusions and observations/ recommendations. (3) On the basis of the conclusions and observations/recommendations of the sub-Committee/Study Group/Committee draft of the report may be prepared by the Secretariat. The draft report as prepared by the Secretariat may, after approval by the Convenor/Chairperson concerned, be circulated to the members of the Study Group/sub-Committee/Committee. Inclusion of Memoranda notes etc. in Reports 26. Unless any paper, memorandum, document or note is marked 'secret' and the Ministry has made a specific request that contents of such papers should not be made public, such papers, if necessary, may be embodied in the Report in the form of appendices. Withdrawal or alteration of documents submitted to the Committee 27. No document submitted to the Committee shall be withdrawn or altered without the knowledge and approval of the Committee. 57 Adoption of draft Report by the Committee 28. The draft report together with suggestions, if any, received from the members, shall be considered and adopted at a sitting of the Committee. The Report shall embody the decisions of the majority of the members present at the sitting at which the report is considered and adopted. Factual Verification of the Report 29. Advance copies of the report (excluding recommendations), as approved/ adopted by the Committee shall be marked 'Secret' and sent to the concerned Ministry/Department/Statutory and Government Organisation for verification of factual details, with instructions to treat the contents of the report as 'Secret' until the report is presented to the House. 30. On receipt of the comments of the Ministry/Department/Statutory and Government Organisations, the Chairperson may make suitable modifications in the report to correct factual inaccuracies, if any, or may direct that the matter be placed before the Committee for consideration. Signing (Authentication) of Report 31. The report of the Committee shall be signed by the Chairperson on behalf of the Committee. Provided that, in case the Chairperson is absent or is not readily available the Committee shall choose another member to sign the report on behalf of the Committee. Presentation/laying of Report by the Chairperson 32. (1) The report shall ordinarily be presented to Lok Sabha by the Chairperson but if he/she is unable to do so, one of the members of the Committee who may be authorized by him/her may present the report. A copy of the Report is also simultaneously laid on the Table of the Rajya Sabha by a member of the Committee who has been authorised by the Chairperson to do so. (2) After presentation of the Report, copies of the Report and 'Press Release' highlighting important recommendations of the Committee shall be released to Media for the benefit of the general public. Distribution of Report 33. As soon as, may be after, the presentation of the report to the House, copies thereof shall be made available to the members of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha and other persons, authorities etc. concerned, as per the approved mailing list. 58 Furnishing of Action Taken Statement by the Government 34. (1) While forwarding the Report on Demands for Grants/Annual Reports/ Long Term Policy Documents, to the Government, the Ministry/Department concerned shall be asked to furnish a statement showing the action taken by them on the recommendations and observations contained in the Report of the Committee within three months from the date of the presentation of the Report. (2) No extension beyond three months shall ordinarily be granted except in very exceptional circumstances upto another period of one month with the approval of the Chairperson only. In case no reply is received during this extended period, the matter shall be placed before the Chairperson for his/her orders. Scrutiny of Action Taken Statement 35. (1) The statement showing the action taken by Government on the recommendations and observations contained in the report of the Committee shall with suitable comments thereon, be placed before the Convenor and sub-Committee appointed for the purpose for examination of action taken replies and then together with the recommendations of the sub-Committee placed before the Chairperson. In case no sub-Committee has been appointed for the purpose, the Government’s statement on action taken may be placed before the Chairperson and then for consideration of the Committee. (2) Any point, which in the opinion of the Chairperson or Convenor or sub-Committee, requires consideration by the Committee, shall be specifically placed before the Committee. (3) The draft report on action taken which may consist of the following Chapters after approval by the Convenor/Chairperson shall be circulated to the members of the sub-Committee/Committee for their consideration: I. Report; II. Recommendations/observations that have been accepted by Government; III. Recommendations/observations which the Committee do not desire to pursue in view of Government's reply; IV. Recommendations/observations in respect of which replies of Government have not been accepted by the Committee; and 59 V. Recommendations/observations in respect of which final replies of Government are still awaited. [Rules 31 to 33 ibid relating to signing of Report by the Chairperson, Printing, Presentation and Distribution of Report shall also apply mutatis mutandis to the Action Taken Reports.] Procedure to deal with the Report on Bill(s) 36. After presentation of a report on a Bill referred to the Committee, the Secretariat to the Committee shall after the Bill has been passed by the House, prepare a memorandum/statement indicating whether the observations/ recommendations offered by the Committee were discussed/accepted/not accepted/amendments other than those suggested by the Committee were accepted. For the purpose necessary information may be obtained from the concerned Ministry. The memorandum/statement shall be put up to the Chairperson and after his/her approval the same may be circulated to members of the Committee. Laying of Action Taken Statements 37. While forwarding the Action Taken Report to the Government, the Ministry concerned shall be asked to furnish as early as possible statements of action taken or proposed to be taken by them on the recommendations contained in Chapter I and final replies to the recommendations contained in Chapter V of the Action Taken Report. The replies so received shall be consolidated in the form of a "Statement" and after Chairperson’s approval, laid on the Table of House. Incorporation of additional points of Procedure 38. Any additional points of procedure or alteration of these rules which are formulated from time to time shall be incorporated in these rules after due approval. ANNEXURE (i) OF APPENDIX IV [Vide Rule 5, Para 39] FUNCTIONS OF THE DIFFERENT SUB-COMMITTEES/STUDY GROUPS I. Sub-Committee(s)/Study Group(s) dealing with a fresh subject (1) To study intensively the Background/Preliminary material furnished by the Ministry/Department etc. (2) To prepare the questionnaire to be issued after the approval of the Convenor to Ministry/Department etc. (3) To undertake study tours and prepare study tour-notes thereof. (4) To take oral evidence of the representatives of the Ministry/ Department etc. [this function is applicable only for sub-Committee(s)]. (5) To indicate the broad points on which draft reports may be prepared. (6) To discuss and approve the draft report before circulation to the whole Committee. II. Sub-Committee(s) dealing with action taken by Government on earlier Report(s) (1) To scrutinize replies received from the Government. (2) To indicate points on which draft action taken reports may be prepared. (3) To discuss and approve the draft action taken report before circulation to the whole committee for their consideration. 60 ANNEXURE (ii) OF APPENDIX IV [Vide Rule 6 (2), Para 42] POINTS TO BE COVERED IN THE BACKGROUND MATERIAL FOR DEMANDS FOR GRANTS (TO BE FURNISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT/MINISTRY) Documents (i) Outcome Budget for the current year. (ii) Annual Report of the previous year. (iii) Detailed Demands for Grants for the current year. In addition to the above documents, the following material may also be furnished:— (iv) A brief summary of Demands for Grants along with necessary explanatory notes. Analysis of Demands for Grants i.e. percentage increase in various heads over the last 2-3 years may also be given. (v) A detailed note on the funds allocated, amount actually spent, targets fixed for various activities vis-a-vis actual achievements, the reasons for not achieving the targets, if any, may also be indicated. (vi) The amount earmarked during previous two years, the amount spent and the achievements made against the targets fixed for various activities. (vii) A note on the advance planning. 61 ANNEXURE (iii) OF APPENDIX IV [Vide Rule 6 (2), Para 42] POINTS TO BE COVERED IN THE PRELIMINARY MATERIAL FOR DEMANDS FOR GRANTS (TO BE FURNISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT/MINISTRY) Notes on various schemes/projects under implementation by the Department/ Ministry (separately for each scheme) containing the following information: (i) Brief particulars of all major schemes/projects. (ii) Total outlay, year-wise/project-wise. (iii) Physical and financial targets, if any, laid down in each scheme. (iv) The percentage of achievement of targets (both in the physical and financial terms) during the preceding year and the reasons for slow progress, if any, in the achievement of the targets. (v) Proposal by the Department/Ministry and amount actually provided for the last three years, the reasons for variations, if any. (vi) Statement showing budget estimates, revised estimates and actual expenditure for the past two years and budget estimates for the current year. (vii) Actual expenditure and revised estimates during the last two years. (viii) Physical target set out for each year during the last two years and achievement thereof, with reasons for shortfall, if any, in achievement of targets. (ix) The difference between physical and financial targets fixed during the last two years together with reasons for variations, if any, during the last two years. (x) The steps taken/proposed to be taken and suggestions, if any, for improvement in the implementation of the schemes. (xi) System of monitoring and control over the performance of the schemes. (xii) Copy of the last review/evaluation for the schemes. 62 63 (xiii) Brief notes on supplementary grants and excess grants presented to the House during the previous year, the purpose and the amount spent so far. Whether the Ministry propose to present any such supplementary grant during the remaining period of current financial year. (xiv) Note giving details of expenditures showing budget estimates, revised estimates and actual available for the last two consecutive years and budget estimates for current year together with the reasons for variation, if any, in actual expenditure as compared to B/E and R/E during the last two years. ANNEXURE (iv) OF APPENDIX IV [Vide Rule 6 (2), Para 42] POINTS TO BE COVERED IN THE PRELIMINARY MATERIAL TO BE FURNISHED (FOR OTHER SUBJECTS) BY THE MINISTRY/DEPARTMENT (i) Organisational set up of the Ministry/Department and its attached and Subordinate Offices/Branches, if any. (The information may be shown in the form of a chart supported by short explanatory notes). (ii) The functions of the Ministry/Departments and its attached and Sub-Ordinate Offices/Branches. (A brief historical Background may be given whenever required). (iii) Broad details on which the estimates are based. (Important items of expenditure to be given stating the basis on which amount budgeted against each such item has been arrived at). (iv) The original estimates, the revised estimates and the actual expenditure under each sub-head during each of proceeding three years together with reasons for variations to be given. (v) Details of schemes of projects which the Ministry/Department has undertaken. (The details shall include inter alia the name and salient features of the schemes, the estimates of expenditure, scheduled period for its completion, yield, if any and progress made). (vi) A review of five years financial and physical performance provisions and targets as well as a forecast for the current year and the remaining years. (vii) Publications, if any, issued on the working of the Ministry/ Departments and its attached and subordinate offices/branches. (viii) Reports of Committees appointed in the past to examine any particular matter(s) dealt with by the Ministry/Department and its attached and Subordinate Offices/Branches in respect of the subject under examination. (ix) Any other information that the Committee may call for or which the Government may think it necessary or proper to give. 64 ANNEXURE (v) OF APPENDIX IV [Vide Rule 6 (2), Para 42] POINTS TO BE COVERED IN THE BACKGROUND MATERIAL IN CONNECTION WITH EXAMINATION OF BILLS (TO BE FURNISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT/MINISTRY) (i) Historical Background of the Bill covered inter alia the necessity of such a legislation, it's aims and objectives. (ii) High Court and Supreme Court judgements, if any, in respect of the clauses/provisions contained in the Bill. (iii) Report(s) of the Committee(s) , if any, appointed by the Government in the past which have suggested the enactment of such a legislation. (iv) Up-to-date list of experts, interest groups, associations and other Non-Governmental Organisation knowledgeable on the subject. Any other information the Committee may call for or which the Government may think it necessary or proper to furnish to the Committee. 65 APPENDIX V [Vide Para 52] LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT (COMMITTEE BRANCH-I) Parliament House New Delhi-110 001 3 October, 2018 11 Ashvina, 1940 (Saka) INSTRUCTIONAL ORDER No. 1342 Subject: Instructions regarding Tours of Parliamentary Committees. The following instructions shall be observed strictly in regard to conduct of tours of Parliamentary Committees and the number of officials to be sent with the Committee on tour. 2. The guidelines issued by the Speaker, Lok Sabha regarding tours by Parliamentary Committees should scrupulously be followed. 3(a). No proposal for study tour should be made in general terms. A tour proposal should display pre-determined programme of visit, detailing places of visit, purpose of visit and relevance of visiting institution/organization to the subject under Committee's examination. The proposal of tour so approved by the Committee should be drafted accordingly and put up to the chairperson for soliciting his/her approval. The proposal as approved by the Chairperson may then be submitted to the Speaker for consideration and orders, through Secretary-General. 3(b). On return, a resume of the tour should be put up for information of the Speaker and any violation of the tour guildelines should be specifically reported by the senior most Officer heading the team of Officers accompanying the Committee to the Speaker through Secretary General in each case. 66 67 4. Under the powers delegated by the Speaker to Secretary General in pursuance of guideline No. 19 of guidelines regarding study tours of Parliamentary Committees, the following revised norms regarding number of officials who may be permitted to go with the Committee on tour have been laid down:— (i) The team of officials which may accompany a Parliamentary Committee during study tour may ordinarily be headed by an officer of the rank of Director in charge of the Committee. In exigency, Secretary/Additional Secretary/Joint Secretary may head the team of such officials as permitted by the Secretary General. Out of these Officers only one officer will be allowed to accompany the Committees on the basis of requirement and their availability. Where none of these Officers is available to go on tour as head of the team, an officer of the rank of Additional Director/Deputy Secretary may be permitted to go as head of the team of officials which will accompany the Committee. (ii) In addition to head of the team, the following number of officers/ staff from the respective Committee Branch(es) may be permitted to accompany a Parliamentary Committee during the tour:— (a) upto 10 members of the Committee — 1. Officer/Staff. (b) between 11 to 15 members of the Committee — 2. Officers/ Staff. (c) 16 or more members of the Committee — 3. Officers/ Staff. (iii) Apart from the Officers/staff mentioned in para 4(i) and (ii), only one personal staff member of the Chairperson—either a PS or an Attendant may accompany the Chairperson during the tour. (iv) Prior permission of Secretary-General shall invariably be obtained in regard to all officers/staff accompanying the Committee. (v) While submitting a proposal for permission of Secretary-General regarding the number of Officers/Staff to be sent with the Committee on tour, it shall be particularly ensured by the Secretary/Additional Secretary/Joint Secretary concerned that:— (a) the name of Director or Additional Director or personal staff member of the Chairperson or of an Officer is not adjusted 68 against an Officer/Staff member to be sent from the Branch concerned; and (b) no proposal for relaxation in respect of entitlement of class/ mode for to and fro journeys and the number of Officers/staff to be sent with the Committee on tour is ordinarily submitted. 5. After conclusion of a tour, departure from the norms, if any, in regard to the number of Officers/staff sent on tour should be put up with adequate justification for consideration of the Secretary-General. 6. The Instructional Order No. 1281 dated 3rd June, 2008 stands superseded. Sd/- (T. G. CHANDRASEKHAR), Joint Secretary (F.No. 22/1/CI/2018) To All Officers All Branches GUIDELINES REGARDING TOURS OF PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEES (1) Parliamentary Committees should not undertake on-the-spot study tours unless it is absolutely necessary for proper examination of the subject before the Committee. If absolutely necessary, the Committee may undertake a tour. It is desirable that a small Sub-Committee or study group consisting of not more than one-third members of the Committee may be formed for the purpose, who may report back to the whole Committee after its study tour. (2) Tours should not be undertaken merely because something has to be seen or discussions have to be held with local authorities. Discussions can always usefully be held in the Parliament House and the Officers concerned with the subject matter can be specifically called before the Committee. (3) Where a Committee proposes to undertake a tour, prior permission of the Speaker should be taken. The proposal for tour should be clearly and adequately justified by the Chairperson of the Committee and should not involve examination of witnesses outside Delhi. Only when there is a specific requirement to visit installations or there are other compelling and related grounds, a proposal may be submitted for consideration of the Speaker. Ordinarily, no permission will be granted for more than one study tour per year. A tour undertaken during weekend shall be treated as one tour of the Committee. Tour by Sub-Committee/Study group is to be undertaken only when the whole Committee does not go on tour and is not to be undertaken in addition to the tour of a whole Committee. Where it is felt absolutely necessary local tour may be undertaken by a Committee within the jurisdiction of NCT of Delhi with the prior approval of the Speaker. (4) The administrative Ministries concerned/the State Governments shall be requested to make arrangements regarding accommodation for the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group and the officers in a Government Guest House (Reference to Government Guest House includes Guest House of Public Undertakings/MLA Hostel/Circuit House, etc.). It should be ensured that all the necessary facilities are provided and that the place of stay is clean and the room tidy and no inconvenience is caused to members. 69 70 Where Government Guest House is not available or it is not possible to accommodate the entire Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group along with the officers in a Government Guest House, arrangements may be made for the stay of the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group and the officers in Government owned Hotel. Where Government owned Hotel is not available, arrangements may be made for the stay of the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group and the Officers in a good Hotel befitting the status of a Parliamentary Committee. Arrangements for the Committee shall be dignified but not ostentatious and should not leave room for adverse criticism from the media and the public. Committee members or accompanying officers shall not ask for any particular hotel or five star hotel comforts, etc. The cost of board, lodging and transport of the Committee during the tour will be borne by the Lok Sabha Secretariat as per the guidelines and not by the Public Undertakings or Organizations concerned. (5) Terms of reference of the Study Groups or Sub-Committees who are sent on study tours should be precise and laid down in writing. (6) A Study tour should be undertaken before the official evidence on the subject is taken by the Committee and not after the evidence. (7) A Study tour should be undertaken for the absolutely minimum necessary period, ordinarily not exceeding 5 working days. The total number of days of tour should under no circumstances exceed 10 days in one year. One year shall mean a period of 12 months from the date of constitution of the Committee and in the case of Financial Committees and SCTC it shall mean the period as is defined in the motion for constituting the said Committees. (8) Sufficient notice of the tour programme should be given to the Administrative Ministries/State Governments or Undertakings concerned. (9) There should be no last minute changes in the tour programme by Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group as these result in considerable difficulties to the Railways, Airlines, concerned Government Departments and Officers. (10) Intermediate journeys during Committee tours shall not be allowed at the cost of Parliament. 71 (11) Tr ansport arrangements for Committee members and the accompanying Officers/Staff should be made economically in AC coaches or in cars on shared basis and individual vehicles shall not be provided. Where cars are provided one car should be sufficient for two members of the Committee or two officers accompanying the Committee. Transport provided in excess of the requirements shall be derequisitioned promptly. Transport should be used for Committee work and not for any private visits. (12) During tour, members should take particular care to maintain proper dignity and decorum so that no criticism is made of the Committee in any manner. (13) Before commencement of the tour, members should satisfy themselves that they are fit to travel and stand the strain during the tour. (14) No member should give any statement regarding Committee proceedings to Press or electronic media. Whenever any briefing of the Press or electronic media is required to be done, the Chairperson of the Committee should do the same. (15) No gifts are to be accepted by the members/officers of the Committee/ Sub-Committee/Study Group from the organization concerned. (16) The Committee or Sub-Committee or Study Group, while on tour, should not accept any invitation for lunch or dinner or other hospitality that might be extended by any private party. At the official lunches or dinners, if any, that might be accepted by the Committee or Sub-Committee or Study Group, no liquor should be allowed to be served. (17) No member should take any other person along during the official tours. A member may, however, take his/her spouse on tour on medical grounds with the prior permission of the Chairperson of the Committee. In exceptional cases i.e. in case of extreme necessity where the members's spouse is not able to accompany him/her on tour due to medical or other reasons, the member may take any other person on tour with the prior permission of the Speaker through the Chairperson of the Committee concerned. Subsequently HS approved that proposals regarding requests of Members for permission for taking their spouses or companions on tour may not be sent to HS but be placed before the Chairperson of the Committee concerned only for approval. [Ref: Dir (CB-I) note dated 15.01.2008 sent to all JSs (Appendix VI)]. In such cases, the member shall bear all expenses including board, lodging and transport etc., in respect of his/her 72 spouse or attendant. In case any person accompanies a member without prior permission, the member shall not only bear all the expenses of the accompanying person but would also be liable to be debarred from undertaking any further Committee tours. (18) The spouse or attendant of a member should, in no case, accompany Committee members during official study visit to any installation, undertaking, office or establishment and during informal discussions with officers of the concerned establishment, undertaking etc. (19) Ordinarily only one accompanying officer should go with the Committee on tour. If more than one officer is to go, permission is to be taken from the Speaker. GUIDELINES TO CHAIRMEN PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEES (i) No organisation shall give any gift to the members/officers of the Committee/sub-committees/Study Group. Also Chairperson will kindly ensure that no gift is accepted by the Committee. (ii) Arrangements for accommodation of the Committee/sub-Committee/ Study Group and the officers should be made in Government Guest House including Guest Houses of PSUs/MLA Hostel/Circuit Houses. etc. Where the Government Guest Houses are not available or it is not possible to accommodate the entire Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group alongwith the officers in a Guest House, arrangements may be made for the stay of the Committee/sub-Committee/Study Group and the officers in Government-owned Hotels. Where Government owned Hotels are not available arrangements may be made for the stay of the Committee/sub-Committee/Study Group and the officers in good Hotels befitting the status of a Parliamentary Committee. Committee members or accompanying officers shall not ask for any particular hotel or five star hotel comforts, etc. (iii) Serving of liquor to members is strictly prohibited. Any such offers made by the organisation(s) may be promptly turned down. (iv) Transport arrangements for Committee members and the accompanying officers/Staff should be made economically in AC coaches or in cars on shared basis and individual vehicles shall not be provided. Where cars are provided one car should be sufficient for two members of the Committee or two officers accompanying the Committee. Transport provided in excess of the requirement shall be derequisitioned promptly. Transport should be used for Committee work and not for private visits. 73 (v) No member should take any other person during the official tours. A member may, however, take her/his spouse on tour due on medical grounds with the prior permission of the Chairperson of the Committee. In exceptional cases i.e. in case of extreme necessity where the member's spouse is not able to accompany his/her on tour due to medical or other reasons, the member may take any other person on tour with the prior permission of the Speaker through the Chairman of the Committee concerned. [Ref: Dir (CB-I) note dated 15.01.2008 sent to all JSs (Appendix VI)]. In such cases, the member shall bear all expenses including board, lodging and transport, etc. in respect of his/her spouse or attendant. In case any person accompanies a member without prior permission, the member shall not only bear all the expenses of the accompanying person but would also be liable to be debarred from undertaking any further Committee tours. (vi) The Committee on tour shall not entertain any requests for lunches, dinners or receptions from private persons/organizations. (vii) Visits by Committee to places not included in the official tour programme, excepting local sight-seeing, should be avoided. GUIDELINES REGARDING BEARING OF EXPENDITURE BY THE LOK SABHA/RAJYA SABHA SECRETARIAT ON STUDY TOURS OF PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEES Introductory It has been decided that henceforth the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha Secretariats shall bear expenditure on board, lodging and transport, etc. for members and officers accompanying the Parliamentary Committees. Consequently, the practice of incurring expenditure by the Ministries/ Government Organisations/PSUs on study tours of Parliamentary Committees has been discontinued. For the implementation of this decision, broad guidelines are enumerated in the succeeding paragraphs. I. Administrative arrangements to be made by the Government/Organisations concerned The Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha Secretariat will intimate the respective Ministries/ State Governments/Organisations/PSUs about the programme of the Committee's visit, as per practice currently in vogue. The organisations(s) concerned will make necessary arrangements for the visit as per the directions of the Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha Secretariat, including those for board, lodging and transport. In case where more than one organisation is to be visited at one place, the Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha Secretariat will write specifically as to which of the Ministries/Organisations will be the nodal organisation to coordinate with the other organisations for making necessary arrangements for the visit. (a) Stay Arrangements Arrangements regarding accommodation for the Committee (reference to Committee would include Sub-Committee/Study Group) and the officers shall be made in one Government Guest House (Reference to Government Guest Houses includes Guest House of PSU/MLA Hostel/Circuit House, etc.). It should be ensured that all the necessary facilities are provided and that the place of stay is clean and the room tidy and no inconvenience is caused to members. Where Government Guest House is not available or it is not possible to accommodate the entire Committee along with the officers in one Government Guest House, arrangements may be made for the stay of the Committee and the officers in a Government owned Hotel. 74 75 Where a Government owned Hotel is not available, arrangements may be made for the stay of the Committee and the officers in a good Hotel befitting the status of a Parliamentary Committee. Arrangements for the Committee, shall be dignified, but shall not be ostentatious and should not leave room for adverse criticism from the media and the public. Arrangements may be made as under:— (i) Stay arrangements for members and officers/staff accompanying the Committee may be made at one place. (ii) For the Chairperson of the Committee or the Convenor of the Committee/Sub-Committee/Study Group, an ordinary suite (i.e., suitable accommodation with facilities for organising meetings etc. for 5 or 6 persons at a time, besides a living room) may be provided, wherever available. (iii) For each member/officer, separate standard room may be provided. (iv) In case a member is accompanied by his/her spouse or a companion, he/she may, on request, be provided a double occupancy room. However, the difference in charges between the standard room and the double occupancy room, if any, and other expenditures on boarding, etc., for the companion will be paid by the member. (b) Control Room A room at the place of stay of the Committee, that is, Guest House/Government owned hotel/hotel, etc. may be booked for operating as a Control Room where two or three senior officers of the organisation may be put on duty to provide assistance to the Committee. The Control Room may be provided with telephone, fax machine and computer. The Control Room will be manned by officials of the organisation concerned round the clock. (c) Telephone Facilities Members and officers are not to be provided with STD/ISD facilities. In case a member or officer uses this facility, he/she shall pay for it. No reimbursement shall be admissible for any expenditure incurred on this account. However, to meet functional requirements a telephone with S.T.D. facility will be provided in the rooms of Chairperson/Convenor and the senior most officer accompanying the Committee. (d) Laundry Service Laundry service, if any, availed by Members and Officers will be at their own cost and payment. No reimbursement shall be admissible for any expenditure incurred on this service. 76 (e) Transport Facilities (i) Members and Officers are to be provided with transport facility during their stay at the place of visit. Transport shall also be provided to receive the members/officers on arrival as also to see them off at the Airport/Railway Station. (ii) One car is sufficient for two members/officers. An additional car to meet any exigency may also be arranged. (iii) Considering the extreme climatic conditions in various parts of the country, AC cars may be arranged wherever necessary. (iv) In case a member is with his/her spouse and he/she wants a separate car, the member concerned will have to bear the entire expenditure incurred on using the car exclusively. (v) Wherever considered appropriate, an AC coach, instead of a car each for two members/officers, may be engaged and utilised for transport requirements of the Committee members and officers. (vi) For making arrangements for the reception and departure of the Committee, a separate van to carry the luggage of members/officers may be arranged. (f) Arrangements for Board (i) Breakfast: Generally, breakfast is included in the hotel tariff. Members and officers may be advised to avail the facilities at the earmarked restaurant/dining hall. If breakfast is not included in the tariff, arrangements for breakfast may be made on the pattern of arrangements to be made for lunches/dinners. (ii) Lunches/Dinners: In case where official lunches/dinners are not there, arrangements for Buffet lunch/dinner for the members/officers may be made by the nodal organisation in one of the restaurants/ dinning halls. (iii) Tea/Coffee: Members/Officers may have tea/coffee and snacks through the room service. (iv) Water: Adequate number of mineral water bottles may be procured from the market by the organisation concerned and made available in the rooms of members/officers. 77 (v) Miscellaneous: Serving of liquor to members and officers or making any demand for it is strictly prohibited. Organisations concerned are also not to serve liquor at official dinners/lunches, etc. (vi) In case arrangements are made in the organisation's guest houses, the room/lodging charges as applicable to the employees of the organisation will be reimbursed by the Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha Secretariat. (vii) In cases where long road journeys are involved, necessary arrangements for refreshments may be made in consultation with the accompanying officials of the Committee at the cost of the Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha Secretariat. (g) Arrangements for informal sittings during Study Visits (i) In case of visit of the Committee to any plant/office of the organisation concerned informal sittings of the Committee may be organised, wherever necessary, at the place of visit by the organisation concerned. (ii) In case it is necessary to hold informal sittings at the place of stay of the Committee, that is, in the guest house/Government owned hotel/hotel, etc. suitable Conference Hall may be booked. Charges for such hall and other related arrangements, including refreshment will be borne by the Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha Secretariats. (h) Medical requirements (i) In case the organisations concerned have medical facilities, i.e. hospitals/dispensaries/doctors, they may be asked to meet emergent medical requirements, if any, of members of the Committee and accompanying officers/staff. (ii) In cases where the organisations do not have medical facilities, they may arrange such facilities through a medical panel, where such a panel exists. Expenditure incurred on such arrangements will be met by the Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha Secretariat as per admissible CGHS rates and excess expenditure, if any, may be regularised after taking approval of the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare as per existing rules. (i) Gifts No organisation shall give any gifts to the members of the Committee and accompanying officers. No gifts are to be accepted by the members and accompanying officers of the Committee. 78 II. Reimbursement of the expenditure to the Government/organisations (a) Guidelines to be followed by the Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha Secretariat for reimbursement of expenses (i) All bills for reimbursement received in the Lok Sabha Secretariat/ Rajya Sabha Secretariat shall be first scrutinised and certified by the Committee Branches concerned and approved by the senior most officer accompanying the Committee regarding the details of the (i) members/officers who went on tours, and (ii) utilisation of guest house/hotel rooms and vehicles and thereafter sent to the B&P Branch (Lok Sabha Secretariat)/MS&A and Estt. (A/cs.) (Rajya Sabha Secretariat) for necessary action. (ii) Any expenses incurred by a member in respect of his/her spouse/ companion taken on tour with or without permission of the Chairperson/Speaker shall not be reimbursed and these shall have to be paid by the member concerned. (iii) The B&P Branch (Lok Sabha Secretariat)/MS&A, Estt. (A/cs.) and Pay and Accounts Office (Rajya Sabha Secretariat) shall examine the bills and settle them as per admissible items and guidelines on the subject. (iv) The B&P Branch (Lok Sabha Secretariat)/Estt. (Gen.) in consultation with Pay & Accounts section (Rajya Sabha Secretariat) will work out the budget estimates for the tours and the formats for reimbursement of expenditure on tours. (b) Reimbursement of the expenditure to the Government/organisation (i) The Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha Secretariat will reimburse admissible expenditure incurred on board, lodging and transport, informal sittings, Control Room, medical expenses of an emergent nature of members of the Committee and accompanying officers/staff and other admissible items in respect of the Committee serviced by them during the study tour. (ii) For each place of visit, only the nodal organisation in coordination with the other organisations concerned shall raise the bills for the actual expenditure incurred on the admissible items for reimbursement by the Lok Sabha Secretariat/Rajya Sabha Secretariat. (iii) For each place, a consolidated bill showing the actual expenditure incurred on various items, the details of members and officers/staff 79 and the rooms occupied by them and the cars/coaches used for their transport and expenditure on other admissible items shall be submitted. (iv) The consolidated bill should be certified by a senior officer of the nodal organisation designated for the purpose, to the effect that the amount claimed has been actually incurred and is as per approved rates. It should also be certified by the organisation that they have not incurred any expenditure on the items for which reimbursement is being claimed. (v) Details of any other expenditure incurred by the Ministry or organisation in connection with the visit of the Committee, shall also be furnished separately. (vi) Reimbursement of expenses will be made not on the basis of advance bookings in respect of rooms and vehicles, etc. but on actual occupancy/utilisation basis. (vii) Any expenditure incurred by members/officers/staff not admissible as per the guidelines, shall be paid by the members/officers/staff themselves. In case they fail to do so, the same shall be debited to their payable dues in the Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha Secretariat. III. Reimbursement of expenditure in the case of Joint Committees The respective Secretariat will meet the expenditure on the study tours of the Joint Committees being serviced by them, as per the procedure enumerated in the preceding paragraphs. IV. Bearing of all expenditure by each Secretariat in regard to the specific Committees of each House The expenditure incurred towards board, lodging and transport, etc. of the Committees of Rajya Sabha will be borne by the Rajya Sabha Secretariat. Likewise, the expenditure incurred, in case of the Committee of Lok Sabha will be borne by the Lok Sabha Secretariat, as per the procedure enumerated in the preceding paragraphs. APPENDIX VI (Vide Para 17 of Appendix-V) COMMITTEE BRANCH-I Subject: Delegations of HS powers to Chairman for taking companions on tours. The guideline No. 17 of the Guidelines regarding tours of Parliamentary Committees and guideline No. (V) of the Guidelines to Chairman, Parliamentary Committees inter-alia provide that a member of a Committee may take his/her spouse on tour on medical grounds with the prior permission of the Chairman of the Committee. However, in exceptional cases i.e. in case of extreme necessity where the member's spouse is not able to acompany him/her on tour due to medical or other reasons, the member may take any other persons on tour with the prior permission of the Speaker through the Chairman of the Committee concerned. 2. HS has approved in principle an amendment to the above guidelines to delegate his powers to the Chairman of the Committee concerned for giving permission to the members to take their companions as well on tour. The amendment as approved by HS has been referred to the Rajya Sabha Secretariat to solicit the concurrence of Hon'ble Chairman, Rajya Sabha. The amendment to the guidelines will be notified after receipt of concurrence of Hon'ble Chairman, Rajya Sabha. 3. Meanwhile, it is requested that the proposals regarding requests of the members or permission for taking their spouses or companions on tours may, therefore, not be sent to HS but be placed before the Chairman of the Committee concerned only for approval. 4. All Joint Secretaries may please see for the information and necessary action. Sd/- (R.S. MISRA) Director 15 Jan., 2008 All Joint Secretaries 80 APPENDIX VII (Vide Para 44) COMMITTEE COORDINATION BRANCH Subject: Circulation of all documents/papers/reports including draft reports etc. to Members in electronic form/through e-Portal meant for Members. A proposal for making necessary amendment/modification in the Rules/ Directions regarding circulation of all documents/papers/reports including draft reports etc. to Members in electronic form/through e-Portal meant for Members has been forwarded to CB-I for placing the same before the Rules Committee for their consideration. 2. Pending approval of the proposed amendment by the Rules Committee, it has been decided as under: (i) to circulate all documents/papers/reports including draft reports etc. to Members in electronic form/through e-Portal meant for Members. However, hard copies (typed/cyclostyled) copies of the reports etc. may also be made available to the Members, until further orders, and (ii) status of data related to the Committees viz. Committee reports (including draft reports), notices, agenda papers, minutes of the sittings, Bills referred, study tours etc. uploaded on e-portal meant for the Members, may be furnished on monthly basis (in the first week of every month) as per specimen enclosed to the Committee Coordination Branch for information/perusal of Secretary-General. This may begin from the month of August, 2016 for which the requisite information may be supplied by the Committee Branches latest by 9th September, 2016. 3. This has the approval of Secretary-General. 4. All Parliamentary Committee Branches (DRSCs/non-DRSCs and other Parliamentary Committees) may please see for compliance. Sd/- (A.K. Shah) Dir. (RD&CC) 05.09.2016 Tel: 23034339 To All Parliamentary Committee Branches. (including DRSCs/non-DRSCs and other Parliamentary Committees) 81 Branch Subject: Documents sent to Members through Member's e-Portal in the month of...... , 2016 Reports Draft Notice for Agenda Minutes Bills Study tours Others Reports sittings papers referred related documents 82 MGIPMRND—242LS(S3)—22-07-2019.