Patterns and Biases of Climate Change Threats in the IUCN Red List Short Title
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Table 5: Threatened Species in Each Country (Totals by Taxonomic Group)
IUCN Red List version 2020-1: Table 5 Last updated: 19 March 2020 Table 5: Threatened species in each country (totals by taxonomic group) * Reptiles, fishes, molluscs, other invertebrates, plants, fungi & protists: please note that for these groups, there are still many species that have not yet been assessed for the IUCN Red List and therefore their status is not known (i.e., these groups have not yet been completely assessed). Therefore the figures presented below for these groups should be interpreted as the number of species known to be threatened within those species that have been assessed to date, and not as the overall total number of threatened species for each group. AFRICA Other Fungi & North Africa Mammals Birds Reptiles* Amphibians Fishes* Molluscs* Plants* Total* Inverts* Protists* Algeria 14 15 8 3 45 12 30 26 2 155 Egypt 18 14 13 0 62 1 56 8 0 172 Libya 10 8 6 0 38 1 4 8 0 75 Morocco 18 18 13 2 55 38 33 56 5 238 Tunisia 14 11 6 1 42 8 13 10 2 107 Western Sahara 10 5 1 0 39 2 1 0 0 58 Other Fungi & Sub-Saharan Africa Mammals Birds Reptiles* Amphibians Fishes* Molluscs* Plants* Total* Inverts* Protists* Angola 22 33 7 0 55 7 4 43 0 171 Benin 16 12 7 1 46 2 1 21 0 106 Botswana 11 16 1 0 2 0 0 3 0 33 Burkina Faso 11 12 3 0 4 1 0 5 0 36 Burundi 16 14 0 1 17 3 3 134 0 188 Cabo Verde 4 7 6 0 38 13 0 51 0 119 Cameroon 47 29 13 57 126 13 13 592 0 890 Central African Republic 19 16 5 0 4 0 0 29 0 73 Chad 16 16 5 0 1 4 0 6 0 48 Comoros 5 14 5 0 17 0 77 9 0 127 Congo 18 7 6 1 60 7 0 56 0 155 Congo, The Democratic Republic of the 42 -
A Summary of Vulnerability of Habitats and Priority Species
Climate Change and Biodiversity in Maine: A Summary of Vulnerability of Habitats and Priority Species Andrew Whitman Phillip deMaynadier Barbara Vickery Manomet Center for Conservation Sciences ME Department of Inland Fisheries and The Nature Conservancy Andrew Cutko Wildlife Sally Stockwell ME Department of Agriculture, Conservation, Steve Walker Maine Audubon and Forestry Maine Coast Heritage Trust Robert Houston U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Introduction As we watch temperatures climb and experience extremes in weather, it is clear that climate change has become a tangible threat to Maine’s ecosystems. Long-term research has shown that Maine’s wildlife are already responding to climate change.1 We will likely lose some of Maine’s native wildlife and observe permanent changes to their habitats in the coming decades. By 2100, average temperatures may increase 3° to 13°F. In response, the predicted northward shift of species ranges has begun. Rising temperatures will allow pests such as Winter Moose Tick (Dermacentor albipictus) and Hemlock Wooly Adelgid (Adelges tsugae) to become more common, potentially harming native wildlife and their habitats. Drought may occur more frequently and impact all habitats, especially wetlands. Sea level will likely rise three to six feet and will flood coastal marshes and beaches. Recognizing these challenges, a team of Maine scientists assessed the vulnerability of wildlife and habitats to a changing climate and then identified general strategies to reduce their vulnerability.2 Other states have taken this first step as they aim to update their state wildlife action plans (SWAPs) by 2015. States originally created SWAPs to set conservation priorities and obtain additional federal funding for wildlife. -
Guidelines for Appropriate Uses of Iucn Red List Data
GUIDELINES FOR APPROPRIATE USES OF IUCN RED LIST DATA Incorporating, as Annexes, the 1) Guidelines for Reporting on Proportion Threatened (ver. 1.1); 2) Guidelines on Scientific Collecting of Threatened Species (ver. 1.0); and 3) Guidelines for the Appropriate Use of the IUCN Red List by Business (ver. 1.0) Version 3.0 (October 2016) Citation: IUCN. 2016. Guidelines for appropriate uses of IUCN Red List Data. Incorporating, as Annexes, the 1) Guidelines for Reporting on Proportion Threatened (ver. 1.1); 2) Guidelines on Scientific Collecting of Threatened Species (ver. 1.0); and 3) Guidelines for the Appropriate Use of the IUCN Red List by Business (ver. 1.0). Version 3.0. Adopted by the IUCN Red List Committee. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ GUIDELINES FOR APPROPRIATE USES OF RED LIST DATA The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is the world’s most comprehensive data resource on the status of species, containing information and status assessments on over 80,000 species of animals, plants and fungi. As well as measuring the extinction risk faced by each species, the IUCN Red List includes detailed species-specific information on distribution, threats, conservation measures, and other relevant factors. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is increasingly used by scientists, governments, NGOs, businesses, and civil society for a wide variety of purposes. These Guidelines are designed to encourage and facilitate the use of IUCN Red List data and information to tackle a broad range of important conservation issues. These Guidelines give a brief introduction to The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ (hereafter called the IUCN Red List), the Red List Categories and Criteria, and the Red List Assessment process, followed by some key facts that all Red List users need to know to maximally take advantage of this resource. -
The Critical Role of the Private Sector in Species Recovery and Protection
The Critical Role of the Private Sector in Species Recovery and Protection Prioritizing Species of Concern Conservation Programs Sponsored by wildlifehc.org The West Indian manatee is classified as threatened on the Endangered Species Act list. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission has partnered with the Tampa Electric Company (TEC) to help conserve and monitor manatees at the TEC Manatee Viewing Center. Message from our sponsor The mission of the Alliance for America’s Fish & It costs the American public and the private sector Wildlife is to secure funding to conserve some of our hundreds of millions of dollars each year to mitigate nation’s most precious natural resources — our fish and restore threatened and endangered species. and wildlife. We know that Americans benefit from These expenses, disruptions, and uncertainties can healthy and accessible fish, wildlife, and habitats, be avoided or greatly reduced through proactive and we all have a role to play in safeguarding conservation measures. Public and private partners them for future generations. The Alliance values together can help fish and wildlife, help companies innovation and realizes a creative solution is needed meet their corporate environmental sustainability to conserve our natural resources for the benefit of goals, and build confidence and appreciation in the our economy and way of life. communities where they work. The Alliance is the result of the Association of Healthy fish and wildlife populations fuel our Fish & Wildlife Agencies’ Blue Ribbon Panel on economy, and provide important recreational Sustaining America’s Diverse Fish and Wildlife opportunities. By partnering with the private sector, Resources, and an unprecedented partnership of as well as state and federal governmental agencies, representatives from the outdoor recreation, retail we can conserve our fish and wildlife resources and manufacturing sector, energy and automotive and prevent population declines and habitat industries, private landowners, educational degradation. -
DRAFT of 13 July 2012
THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES: STRATEGIC PLAN 2017-2020 Citation: IUCN Red List Committee. 2017. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ Strategic Plan 2017 - 2020. Prepared by the IUCN Red List Committee. Cover images (left to right) and photographer credits: IUCN & Intu Boehihartono; Brian Stockwell; tigglrep (via Flickr under CC licence); IUCN & Gillian Eborn; Gianmarco Rojas; Michel Roggo; IUCN & Imene Maliane; IUCN & William Goodwin; IUCN & Christian Winter The IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesTM Strategic Plan 2017 – 2020 2 THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES: STRATEGIC PLAN 2017-2020 January 2017 The IUCN Red List Partnership ............................................................................................ 4 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 5 The IUCN Red List: a key conservation tool ....................................................................... 6 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Strategic Plan 2017-2020 ......................... 7 Result 1. IUCN Red List taxonomic and geographic coverage is expanded ............. 8 Result 2. More IUCN Red List Assessments are prepared at national and, where appropriate, at regional scales .......................................................................................... 8 Result 3. Selected species groups are periodically reassessed to allow the IUCN Red List Index to be widely used as an effective biodiversity indicator. .................... -
Cites Proposal 18 Spiny Dogfish Shark
CITES PROPOSAL 18 SPINY DOGFISH SHARK www.pewenvironment.org/cites Andy Murch/SeaPics.com Biological vulnerability to over-exploitation SPINY DOGFISH SHARK (Squalus acanthias) • Slow to reach maturity: Females: Proposed by Sweden on behalf of Appendix II European Union Member States 6 years, Northwest Atlantic listing and Palau 15 years, Northeast Atlantic Critically Endangered in Northeast 23 to 32 years, Northeast Pacific Males: IUCN Atlantic Red List status Endangered in Northwest Atlantic 10 years, Northwest Atlantic 2 14 years, Northeast Pacific Vulnerable globally • Low reproductive capacity, with only one to 20 pups per litter.3 RECOMMENDATION: SUPPORT • Long lives; some stocks are thought to have • The Pew Environment Group applauds the individuals that live up to 100 years.4 submission of this proposal and urges CITES Parties to support it. • Very long gestation period of 18 to 22 months.5 • Spiny dogfish are in the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation’s lowest productivity category and are Spiny dogfish fisheries and trade extremely vulnerable to over-exploitation because The spiny dogfish is a high-value commercial species of their slowness to reach reproductive maturity, experiencing over-exploitation in target and bycatch lengthy gestation and small litters.1 fisheries. The fish are caught in bottom trawls, gillnets and line gear, and by rod and reel. Exploitation is • A strong international demand for spiny dogfish fueled primarily by strong international demand meat and other products has fueled unsustainable for its meat, often sold as rock salmon, rock eel or harvest of this vulnerable species. flake. The European Union is a major importer of the • Fisheries records and stock assessment information meat, although fins and other spiny dogfish products have revealed steep declines in reproductive are traded internationally as well.6 This species is biomass of spiny dogfish around the globe. -
Fueling Extinction: How Dirty Energy Drives Wildlife to the Brink
Fueling Extinction: How Dirty Energy Drives Wildlife to the Brink The Top Ten U.S. Species Threatened by Fossil Fuels Introduction s Americans, we are living off of energy sources produced That hasn’t stopped oil and gas companies from gobbling in the age of the dinosaurs. Fossil fuels are dirty. They’re up permits and leases for millions of acres of our pristine Adangerous. And, they’ve taken an incredible toll on our public land, which provides important wildlife habitat and country in many ways. supplies safe drinking water to millions of Americans. And the industry is demanding ever more leases, even though it is Our nation’s threatened and endangered wildlife, plants, birds sitting on thousands of leases it isn’t using—an area the size of and fish are among those that suffer from the impacts of our Pennsylvania. fossil fuel addiction in the United States. This report highlights ten species that are particularly vulnerable to the pursuit Oil companies have generated billions of dollars in profits, and of oil, gas and coal. Our outsized reliance on fossil fuels and paid their senior executives $220 million in 2010 alone. Yet the impacts that result from its development, storage and ExxonMobil, Chevron, Shell, and BP combined have reduced transportation is making it ever more difficult to keep our vow to their U.S. workforce by 11,200 employees since 2005. protect America’s wildlife. The American people are clearly getting the short end of the For example, the Arctic Ocean is home to some of our most stick from the fossil fuel industry, both in terms of jobs and in beloved wildlife—polar bears, whales, and seals. -
Rules of Procedure for IUCN Red List Assessments 2017–2020
Rules of Procedure for IUCN Red List Assessments 2017–2020 Version 3.0 Citation: IUCN. 2016. Rules of Procedure for IUCN Red List Assessments 2017–2020. Version 3.0. Approved by the IUCN SSC Steering Committee in September 2016. Downloadable from: http://cmsdocs.s3.amazonaws.com/keydocuments/Rules_of_Procedure_for_Red_List_2017- 2020.pdf Rules of Procedure for IUCN Red List Assessments 2017–2020 Version 3.0 Contents The IUCN Red List Assessment Process Establishment and Appointment of Red List Authorities Types of Red List Authority Red List Authority Roles and Responsibilities The Red List Authority Coordinator Red List Authority Coordinator Responsibilities Overlapping Red List Authority Jurisdictions Resources Nomenclature Annex 1: Required and Recommended Supporting Information for IUCN Red List Assessments Annex 2: Schematic Illustration of the IUCN Red List Assessment Process Annex 3: Details of the Steps Involved in the IUCN Red List Process Annex 4: IUCN Red List Assessment Resources Annex 5: Procedure for Handling of Petitions against Current Listings on the IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesTM Annex 6: Policy on Use of Pre-Publication IUCN Red List Data Annex 7: Sensitive Data Access Restrictions Policy for the IUCN Red List 1 A. The IUCN Red List Assessment Process The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC), the IUCN Global Species Programme and the Red List Partnership. In order to maintain the credibility of the IUCN Red List, the process by which species can be included on the Red List has been formalized. In particular, this process includes the designation of Red List Authorities (RLAs) and Red List Authority Coordinators, under the auspices of the SSC, the responsibilities of which (and whom) are outlined in this document. -
State of Nature Report
STATE OF NATURE Foreword by Sir David Attenborough he islands that make up the The causes are varied, but most are (ButterflyHelen Atkinson Conservation) United Kingdom are home to a ultimately due to the way we are using Twonderful range of wildlife that our land and seas and their natural is dear to us all. From the hill-walker resources, often with little regard for marvelling at an eagle soaring overhead, the wildlife with which we share them. to a child enthralled by a ladybird on The impact on plants and animals has their fingertip, we can all wonder at been profound. the variety of life around us. Although this report highlights what However, even the most casual of we have lost, and what we are still observers may have noticed that all is losing, it also gives examples of how not well. They may have noticed the we – as individuals, organisations, loss of butterflies from a favourite governments – can work together walk, the disappearance of sparrows to stop this loss, and bring back nature from their garden, or the absence of where it has been lost. These examples the colourful wildflower meadows of should give us hope and inspiration. their youth. To gain a true picture of the balance of our nature, we require We should also take encouragement a broad and objective assessment of from the report itself; it is heartening the best available evidence, and that is to see so many organisations what we have in this groundbreaking coming together to provide a single State of Nature report. -
To Climate Change June 2011
United States Department of Agriculture A System for Assessing Forest Service Rocky Mountain Vulnerability of Species Research Station General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-257 (SAVS) to Climate Change June 2011 Karen E. Bagne, Megan M. Friggens, and Deborah M. Finch Bagne, Karen E.; Friggens, Megan M.; and Finch, Deborah M. 2011. A System for Assessing Vulnerability of Species (SAVS) to Climate Change. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-257. Fort Collins, CO. U.S. Depart- ment of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 28 p. Abstract Sustained conservation of species requires integration of future climate change effects, but few tools exist to assist managers. The System for Assessing Vulnerability of Species (SAVS) identifies the relative vulner- ability or resilience of vertebrate species to climate change. Designed for managers, the SAVS is an easily applied tool that uses a questionnaire of 22 predictive criteria to create vulnerability scores. The user scores species’ attributes relating to potential vulnerability or resilience associated with projections for their region. Six scores are produced: an overall score denoting level of vulnerability or resilience, four categorical scores (habitat, physiology, phenology, and biotic interactions) indicating source of vulnerability, and an uncertainty score, which reflects user confidence in the predicted response. The SAVS provides a framework for integrat- ing new information into the climate change assessment process. Keywords: climate change, vulnerability, vertebrate species, conservation, resource management Authors Karen E. Bagne is an ecologist and wildlife biologist for the USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station. Megan M. Friggens is a Research Ecologist (post doctoral) within the USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station. -
Threatened Species PROGRAMME Threatened Species: a Guide to Red Lists and Their Use in Conservation LIST of ABBREVIATIONS
Threatened Species PROGRAMME Threatened Species: A guide to Red Lists and their use in conservation LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AOO Area of Occupancy BMP Biodiversity Management Plan CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species DAFF Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EOO Extent of Occurrence IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature NEMA National Environmental Management Act NEMBA National Environmental Management Biodiversity Act NGO Non-governmental Organization NSBA National Spatial Biodiversity Assessment PVA Population Viability Analysis SANBI South African National Biodiversity Institute SANSA South African National Survey of Arachnida SIBIS SANBI's Integrated Biodiversity Information System SRLI Sampled Red List Index SSC Species Survival Commission TSP Threatened Species Programme Threatened Species: A guide to Red Lists and their use in conservation OVERVIEW The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)’s Red List is a world standard for evaluating the conservation status of plant and animal species. The IUCN Red List, which determines the risks of extinction to species, plays an important role in guiding conservation activities of governments, NGOs and scientific institutions, and is recognized worldwide for its objective approach. In order to produce the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™, the IUCN Species Programme, working together with the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and members of IUCN, draw on and mobilize a network of partner organizations and scientists worldwide. One such partner organization is the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI), who, through the Threatened Species Programme (TSP), contributes information on the conservation status and biology of threatened species in southern Africa. -
Threatened, Endangered, and Vulnerable Species of Terrestrial Vertebrates in the Rocky Mountain Region
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