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PP (ELLMAN ET AL 0- Qnce upon a ime, there, was litt e Diack bag
Martin Duke, M.D. The author is retired from private practice in cardiol There was a compartment on the back of the buggy that ogy. He was formerly director of Medical Education and one might call a trunk, which held the two medicine cases. chief of Cardiology at Manchester Memorial Hospital in One was the brown leather satchel that, as well-informed Manchester, Connecticut, and assistant clinical professor in children knew, brought the new babies. When I was very the Department of Medicine at the University of Connecticut small I once took a peek, goaded by the curiosity of neighbor School of Medicine in Farmington. He has published The children, but it must have been off-season for there was no Development of Medical Techniques and Treatments: From baby there. ... Leeches to Heart Surgery (1991) and Tales My Stethoscope lust as important was the black, boxlike case with its neat Told Me (1998). rows of small botdes, for Father had to carry and dispense medicine in the rural areas.^P''^ The doctor's medical bag has been a well-recognized symbol of the medical profession for the past 150 to The tale that doctors delivered babies to homes in their medi T 200 years. When physicians rode on horseback to visit cal bags is one that has long been part of medical folklore. the homes of patients, saddlebags containing supplies, instru Two doctors had early memories of medical bags from a ments, and medications were hung across the necks or saddles time when they themselves were sick. Stephen Morris wrote of their horses. With the arrival of the horse and buggy, and about becoming later the automobile, doctors began using obstetrical bags, at tache cases, satchels, Boston bags, and Pandora bags, to name interested in doctor's bags during my first bout of tonsillitis but a few of the types and styles of medical bags that were at the age of six. ... the kindly doctor ... removed certain available. Over time, in spite of some being brown in color, the things [from the bag] which were of particular interest to a bag became affectionately known as "the little black bag." small boy ... The use of all these items were demonstrated Writers frequently described their childhood memories upon my Teddy Bear . .. Yes, the bag was indeed full of of the medical bag. In his book The Youngest Science, Lewis intrigue.'^P^"' Thomas wrote of his youth in the 1920s when, accompanying his father on house calls, Roy J. Gerard recalled seeing a family physician with a black bag come to his home to perform tonsillectomies on him I took the greatest interest in his doctor's bag, a miniature and his sister, and being thrilled when one day the doctor, "car black suitcase, fitted inside to hold his stethoscope and rying his mysterious black bag," showed him the instruments it various glass bottles and ampules, syringes and needles, contained.'^ These are images of friendly and thoughtful doc and a small metal case for instruments. It smelled of Lysol tors, the kind who were once, years ago, seen on television and and ether. All he had in the bag was a handful of things. in the movies a la Marcus Welby. Morphine was the most important, and the only really indis "Once in my clinical years," lulia E. McMurray wrote, "I pensable drug in the whole pharmacopoeia As he drove began using [my mother's] battered brown medical baK,"f'p22.3 ^ his rounds, he talked about the patients he w a s s e e i n g . Ipl3 bittersweet mem.ory of her mother's professional career that in contrast to her own, had been thwarted by the demands of Neurologist and clinical writer Oliver .Sacks also remem raising a family and the problems faced by women practicing bered making house calls with his physician father: "When in a medical world dominated by men. Nostalgically, Edward [my father] arrived, I would get out with him, allowed, usually, G. Luflcin remembered the legacy of his father's medical bag to carry his medical bag."2p'W gU likelihood, many who grew as follows: up in medical families had similar experiences. Cora I-rear Hawkins, who was not herself a physician, remi It was Christmas . . . and 1 had become a physician myself, nisced about the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries age 30 and presumably grown up enough to have the bag, during which, as a young girl, she rode in a horse and buggy to protect it, and to appreciate suitably the legacy it repre with her father, a country doctor: sented. ... my father was giving me something more than
14 The Pharos/Summer 2004
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP (ELLMAN ET AL 0- 5IFBVUIPS BUMFGU TJUUJOHXJUIIFSCSPUIFSPOIFSGBUIFSTMBQ 5BLJOHDBSF BOEMFUUJOHHP
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP (ELLMAN ET AL 0- 5BLJOHDBSFBOEMFUUJOHHP
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP 0EARSON !- 4USBOHFST TQJSJU BOEGSVDUPTF CJTQIPTQIBUF
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP -OVIES 0- )FBMTPEJTDVTTFTIPXDIJMESFOMFBSOUPQVUJNBHFTUPHFUIFS SPVUFUPUIF1BDJGJDPS BTJUXBTLOPXOJOUIPTFEBZT iUIFGBS XJUIUIFTQBUJBMOBUVSFPGPCKFDUT5IFTUPSZXBTXPSUISFBEJOH TJEFPGUIFXPSMEw"T*XJMMOPUFMBUFS UIJTJTBWFSZJNQPSUBOU JOJUTFMGBOEIFMQFENFUPBQQSFDJBUFXIFSFUIFNPWJFHPUJU EFWJBUJPOGSPNUIFCPPLCZ1BUSJDL0#SJBOPOXIJDIUIFGJMN SJHIU FTQFDJBMMZUIFQPTUQSPDFEVSBMWJTVBMBHOPTJB JTCBTFE0#SJBO XIPTFðîCPPLTFSJFTGFBUVSFE"VCSFZBOE UIF EPDUPS 4UFQIFO .BUVSJO 1BVM #FUUBOZ XBT LOPXO GPS 3FGFSFODF IJTNFUJDVMPVTSFTFBSDIJOUPUIFTIJQCPBSEMJGFPGUIFQFSJPE ï 4BDLT05P4FFPS/PU5P4FF*O4BDLT0"O"OUISPQPMPHJTU 5IF GJMNNBLFST XIP ESFX IFBWJMZ PO 0#SJBOT XPSL BSF PO.BST4FWFO1BSBEPYJDBM5BMFT/FX:PSL,OPQG ï÷÷ó NVDI NPSF GBJUIGVM JO QPSUSBZJOH MJGF PO UIF IJHI TFBT UIBO NBOZ PG UIF PME GJMNT JO XIJDI 7JSHJOJB .BZP &SSPM 'MZOO .BTUFSBOE$PNNBOEFS5IF'BS4JEFPGUIF8PSME (SFHPSZ 1FDL .BVSFFO 0)BSB FU BM XFSF SFTQMFOEFOUMZ 4UBSSJOH3VTTFMM$SPXFBOE1BVM#FUUBOZ ESFTTFEBOEDPJGGFEBTUIFZTBJMFEUIF4QBOJTI.BJOPSPO)JT %JSFDUFECZ1FUFS8FJS3BUFE1(3VOOJOHUJNFNJO .BKFTUZTTFSWJDF4UJMM"VCSFZBOEIJTDSFXMPPLBMPUDMFBOFS VUFT BOENPSFXFMMTIBWFOUIBOPOFXPVMEFYQFDU FTQFDJBMMZTJODF 0#SJBOQPJOUTPVUUIBUUIF$PNNBOEFSPGUIF'MFFUXBTWFSZ IJT GJMN JO XIJDI B EPDUPS JT B NBKPS DIBSBDUFS JT CFTU DPODFSOFEUIBUQSFDJPVTXBUFSOPUCFVTFECZUIFXPNFOUP EFTDSJCFEBTBOFOUFSUBJOJOHZBSOGJMMFEXJUIEFSSJOHEP XBTIUIFJSiOFDFTTJUJFTw*OUFSFTUJOHMZ UIFGJMNNBLFSTEFDJEFE BOESFNJOJTDFOUPGUIFTXBTICVDLMFSTPGNZZPVUI5IFSF*5 BHBJOTUJODMVEJOHUIFXPNFOXIPBSFEFTDSJCFEJOUIFCPPL HPUUPGJMMBTFOUFODFXJUIUFSNT*IBWFOUVTFEGPSZFBST BOE* BT UBLJOH DBSF PG UIF DIJMESFO PS BDDPNQBOZJOH UIFJS NFO NVTUTBZJUGFMUHPPE5IFNPWJFPQFOTJO"QSJMïöîó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iðöHVOTBOEï÷õTPVMT wJTPSEFSFE IBNNPDLTDIFFLCZKPXM UIFQSJNJUJWFNBQTBOEFRVJQNFOU UPJOUFSDFQUUIFNVDINPSFQPXFSGVM'SFODITIJQ"DIFSPOFO XJUIPOMZBTFYUBOUGPSEFUFSNJOJOHUIFJSTIJQTQPTJUJPOBOE
5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP -OVIES 0- 5IFQIZTJDJBOBUUIFNPWJFT
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP #HAPTER .EWS !- /BUJPOBMBOEDIBQUFSOFXT
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP #HAPTER .EWS !- /BUJPOBMBOEDIBQUFSOFXT
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"MQIB0NFHB"MQIB)FMFO)(MBTFS 4UVEFOU&TTBZ"XBSET
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP #HAPTER .EWS !- -FUUFSTUPUIFFEJUPS
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP ,ETTERS !- -FUUFST
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP ,ETTERS !- CFJOH USFBUFE XJUI JOUSBWFOPVT GMVJET %VOOBQQBSFOUMZDBOOPUEJTDFSOBQMBO UVJUPVTMZQFSTPOBMSFNBSL.S%VOO B BOEBOUJCJPUJDTGPSEJWFSUJDVMJUJT GPSUIFCPPL QFSIBQTPWFSMPPLJOHUIBU MBXZFS IBTUIFOFSWFUPTQFDVMBUFUIBUB 0O QIZTJDBM FYBNJOBUJPO IF EJE JO JUJTPVUMJOFEJOEFUBJMJOUIFGPSFXBSE QSBDUJDJOHQIZTJDJBOBVUIPSiJTBOPODMJ GBDUIBWFIZQFSUFOTJPO)PXFWFS *DPVME )FDBOOPUJNBHJOFUIFUBSHFUBVEJFODF OJDJBO PVUPGIJTFMFNFOUw OPUBQQSFDJBUFIJT1.*PSFWFOQFSDVTT BMUIPVHI XF EJWVMHF JU JO UIF QSFGBDF 8FUBLFFYDFQUJPOUPIJTNBOZUSJWJBM IJTMFGUIFBSUCPSEFS*ODPOUJOVJOHNZ BOEBEESFTTCPUIFYQFSJFODFEQIZTJDBO DSJUJDJTNT IF DSJUJDJ[FT B QIZTJDBO BV FYBNJOBUJPO * GPVOE IJT SJHIU IFBSU FYQFSUT BOE MJUJHBUPST UISPVHIPVU UIF UIPS GPS VTJOH UIF QSPOPVO iXFw XIJMF CPSEFSBOEBMJGUJOUIFTJYUIJOUFSDPTUBM CPPL UBMLJOH BCPVU IJNTFMG BOE PUIFS QIZTJ TQBDFJOUIFSJHIUBOUFSJPSBYJMMBSZMJOF* .S %VOO GPVOE PVS iCMJ[[BSE PG DJBOT UBLJOH TFMFDUJPOT PVU PG DPOUFYU UIFOGPVOEUZNQBOZPWFSUIFiMJWFSwBOE VOSFMBUFE TDFOBSJPTw UP CF iUIPSPVHIMZ BOE BCVTFT PG B SFWJFXFST QSJWJMFHF EVMMOFTTPWFSUIFiTQMFFOw DPOGVTJOHw8F EP OPU EPVCU PO UIF TVDI BT DPNQMBJOJOH UIBU B TVNNBSZ &VSFLB %FYUSPDBSEJB XJUI TJUVT JO FWJEFODF PG UIF SFWJFX UIBU IF GPVOE TFOUFODF UP B XFMMSFGFSFODFE DIBQUFS WFSTVT FRVBMFE TVSHJDBM FNFSHFODZ )F JU DPOGVTJOH )BWJOH BQQBSFOUMZ BQ MBDLTBSFGFSFODF XFOUIPNFXJUIBOUJIZQFSUFOTJWFNFEJ QSPBDIFEUIFCPPLXJUIUIFQSFDPODFQ 8FUIJOL UIBU UIF TJOHMF NBKPS SFB DBUJPOBOEXJUIPVUIJTBQQFOEJY UJPOUIBUJUXPVMECFBiIPXUPw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Ȗ" )BIOFNBOO6OJWFSTJUZ ï÷ôò FOUJUMFNFOUPSEFNPOTUSBUJPOPGJOKVSZ VOEFSTUBOEJOHPGUIJTGJFME 1IJMBEFMQIJB 1FOOTZMWBOJB BSF DPODFSOFE TVDI BT XPSLFST DPN 5FF-(VJEPUUJ .% .1) QFOTBUJPOPSUPSUMJUJHBUJPO UIFQSFDJTF BOE4VTBO(3PTF .1) +% "VUIPSTSFTQPOTFUPBSFWJFX EJBHOPTJT JT MFTT JNQPSUBOU UIBO FTUBC 8BTIJOHUPO %$ PGUIFJSCPPL4DJFODFPOUIF MJTIJOHDBVTBUJPO UIBUJT EFNPOTUSBUJPO 8JUOFTT4UBOE UIBUUIFDPOEJUJPOBSPTFPVUPGXPSLPS "TFYQFSJFODFEBVUIPSTXIPXSPUFB UIFUPSU#ZSFGFSSJOHUPUIFQSJNBDZPG .S%VOOSFTQPOETUP%S(VJEPUUJ CPPLXJUITFSJPVTJOUFOU XFXFSFUBLFO FUJPMPHZ DBVTBUJPO JOIJTPXOQSBDUJDF BOE.T3PTF BCBDL CZ UIF GSJWPMPVT BOE PGGFOTJWF XIJDI BQQFBST UP CF NBMQSBDUJDF MJUB TVtQFStDJMtJPVTBEK<-TVQFSDJMJPTVT UPOFPGUIFSFWJFXCZ.S-FF+%VOO UJPO IFJOBEWFSUFOUMZWBMJEBUFTPVSWFSZ GS 4VQFSDJMJVN FZFCSPX IBVHIUJOFTT +S PGPVSCPPL4DJFODFPOUIF8JUOFTT QPJOUCVUEPFTOPUTFFJU GS TVQFS DJMJVN BLJO UP DFMBSF UP 4UBOE&WBMVBUJOH4DJFOUJGJD&WJEFODFJO 'JOBMMZ .S %VOO BMMFHFT UIBU IJEF NPSF BU ĘĕĜĜ> DPPMMZ BOE QB -BX "EKVEJDBUJPO BOE 1PMJDZ 8JOUFS 1SPGFTTPS 4BSB 3PTFOCBVN BNPOH UIF USPOJ[JOHMZIBVHIUZTZOTFFĠĢğĥĔ ðîîò QQòòoòó NPTU SFTQFDUFE GJHVSFT JO IFBMUI MBX &WFO JO UIFJS BUUFNQU UP EFGFOE UIF .S%VOOJTFOUJUMFEOPUUPMJLFJUBOE iTJNQMZEPFTOPUVOEFSTUBOEwUIFFBSMZ JOEFGFOTJCMF UIFBVUIPSTGBJM5IFZDPO XFDPSEJBMMZJOWJUFIJNOFWFSUPSFBEJU IJTUPSZ PG &3*4" MJUJHBUJPO 5IJT JN GVTF UIF XPSE iTVQFSDJMJPVTw XJUI UIF BHBJO)PXFWFS JUJTTVQFSDJMJPVTPGIJN QVHOT IFS HSBTQ PG UIF FOUJSF TVCKFDU XPSLiWBMJEw UPJNBHJOFGBOUBTJFTPGIPXJUNBZIBWF OPUKVTUXIBUTIFXSPUFJOIFSFYDFMMFOU 5IJTCPPLXBTJNQSPQFSMZDPODFJWFE CFFODPODFJWFE8IBUTFSJPVTSFWJFXFS DIBQUFS5XPTFOUFODFTPGDPSSFDUJPOBSF BOEJNQSPQFSMZFYFDVUFE BOE TQFBLJOH UIJOLT UIBU B òðöQBHF CPPL PO TDJFO OPUFOPVHIUPCBDLVQTVDIBQFSTPOBM BTPOFXIPIBTCFFOUSZJOHDBTFTJOWPMW UJGJDFWJEFODFXBTESFBNFEVQBUBQBSUZ DPNNFOU *U JT JODVNCFOU PO IJN UP JOHNFEJDBMFWJEFODFGPSPWFSñîZFBST CFDBVTFiXPVMEOUUIBUCFGVOw TIPX VT UIF FSSPS JO IFS FOUJSF CPEZ JOGFEFSBMBOETUBUFDPVSUTBOEBWBSJFUZ .S %VOO DPVME OPU JEFOUJGZ B HPBM PG XPSL PO UIF TVCKFDU JODMVEJOH UIF PGTUBUFBHFODJFT NZPQJPOPGUIJTCPPL GPSUIFCPPL QFSIBQTPWFSMPPLJOHUIBU UFYUCPPL UPEFNPOTUSBUFUIBUTIFEPFT SFNBJOTVODIBOHFE XF NFOUJPO JU PO QBHF ò iUP TUBSU B OPU VOEFSTUBOE B UPQJD TIF IBT CFFO i%POUCVZUIJTCPPLw EJTDVTTJPOPOUIFDSJUJDBMJTTVFTPGIPX EJTDVTTJOHGPSñîZFBSTPGDPOUSJCVUJPOT -FF+%VOO +S TDJFODFBOEMBXDBOXPSLUPHFUIFSw.S UPIFBMUIMBX 5IJTJTOPUIJTPOMZHSB #PTUPO .BTTBDIVTFUUT
5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP ,ETTERS !- "MQIB0NFHB"MQIBWJTJUJOHQSPGFTTPSTIJQT o
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
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5IF1IBSPT4VNNFS
PP MIX !- "MQIB0NFHB"MQIB4UVEFOU3FTFBSDI'FMMPXTIJQBXBSET
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# 0- C4. Scarves and ties 7/21/04 1:28 PM Page 1
Handsome, Classic, Elegant a proud reflection of A A
Alpha Omega Alpha necktie or bowtie Fashioned from fine silk by Robert Talbott of Carmel, California $38.00 Specify necktie or bowtie
Alpha Omega Alpha scarf In pure silk by Robert Talbott of Carmel, California $47.00 Specify color: ivory or rainbow (slate blue shaded to peach)
Alpha Omega Alpha pin-pendant “The Pharos” (Lighthouse of Alexandria) Designed in sterling silver or vermeil by Hand & Hammer Silversmiths, Woodbridge, Virginia Sterling silver - $25.00. Vermeil (gold-plate over sterling) - $28.00 Also available, 24-inch chain in sterling or gold-plate - $13.00
Alpha Omega Alpha notecards 20 ivory cards and envelopes, blank inside $12.00
Order today. Send a check to Alpha Omega Alpha, 525 Middlefield Road, Suite 130, Menlo Park, CA 94025
All prices include shipping and handling