TO: Honorable Members of the United States House Committee on the Budget; Honorable Members of the United States House Committee on Appropriations

Dear Honorable Members: We write to ask you to stand up for equal justice for all Americans and vote against President Donald Trump’s proposal to cut all funding for the Legal Services Corporation. For over four decades, the LSC has provided essential financial support for nonprofit legal aid programs throughout the nation, which serve close to two million low income Americans annually. Its elimination would place legal help out of reach for those who need it most. Over eighty percent of the legal needs of the American poor are unmet and LSC serves as one of the only providers of direct legal help for these American citizens. The LSC provides urgently needed services on an extremely low budget. Since its formation, the budget of the LSC has declined continuously, dropping almost forty percent over the last three decades. Only 5000 attorneys serve a nation with over 60 million low-income people eligible for needed assistance. Funding for direct legal services for LSC clients comes to just $5.85 per eligible person per year, and would drop dramatically if federal funding was cut. These federal grants are highly cost-effective. Over thirty studies show that legal aid delivers vastly more in benefits than it costs. Every dollar invested in legal aid on matters such as domestic violence and veterans’ benefits saves American taxpayers down the line in the social consequences of family violence and homelessness. This legal aid helps poor Americans meet their most basic human needs and prevents exploitation of highly vulnerable groups: veterans, the elderly, disaster victims, and impoverished children. The LSC has prioritized increasing self-reliance within the legal system. Assistance for self- represented parties is the primary offering at offices receiving federal support. LSC has also been on the frontline of using technology to make the legal system more accessible. Their Technology Innovation Grant (TIG) program assists programs to make their practices more cost effective. Over four fifths of Americans support the provision of civil legal aid to those who cannot afford it. They understand that “equal justice under law” is one of our nation’s core principles. LSC is essential to our continued realization of that ideal. Please stand with us against the proposed defunding of the LSC. Signed*

Deborah L. Rhode, Stanford Law School Amalia Kessler, Professor of Law, Stanford University James Forman Mark Kelman, Professor of Law and Vice Dean, Stanford Law School

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Robert W. Gordon, Stanford Law School Beth Van Schaack, Stanford Law School Professor David Studdert, Stanford Law School Jayashri Srikantiah, Professor & Director, Immigrants' Rights Clinic, Stanford Law School Robert MacCoun, James & Patricia Kowal Professor of Law, Stanford University Marc A. Franklin, Frederick I. Richman Professor of Law, Emeritus Lawrence M. Friedman, Marion Rice Kirkwood Professor of Law, Stanford Univ. A. Douglas Melamed Shirin Sinnar, Associate Professor, Stanford Law School Max Marcus, International Prosecutor, UN Women/JRR Beth Williams, Director of the Robert Crown Law Library, Stanford Law School Richard Ford, Professor of Law, Stanford Law School Ronald Tyler, Associate Professor of Law, Stanford Law School Michael Klausner Michael S. Wald, Jackson Eli Reynolds Professor of Law Emeritus, Stanford Suzanne A. Luban, Clinical Supervising Attorney and Lecturer in Law, Stanford Law School Lawrence Marshall, Professor, Stanford Law School Michelle Wilde Anderson, Professor of Law, Stanford Law School Marion Miller, Reference Librarian and Lecturer in Law, Stanford Law School Brian JM Quinn, Associate Dean, Boston College Law School Rebecca Aviel, Associate Professor, University of Denver Sturm College of Law Jessica L. Roberts, George Butler Research Professor, University of Houston Law Center Adil Haque, Professor of Law, Rutgers Law School Deborah L. Borman, Clinical Associate Professor, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Marc-Tizoc González, Associate Professor of Law, St. Thomas University School of Law Tara Casey, Director of Carrico Center for Pro Bono & Public Service, University of Richmond School of Law Professor Jonathan Kahn, Mitchell Hamline School of Law Professor Leila Sadat, Washington University School of Law Jill Gross, Professor of Law, Elisabeth Haub School of Law, Pace University Mark Lemley, Professor, Stanford Law School Tigran W. Eldred, Professor of Law, New England Law, Boston James Moliterno, Washington and Lee University

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Dr. Jennifer A. Drobac, R. Bruce Townsend Professor of Law, Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law Laurel Terry, Professor of Law and H. Laddie Montague Jr. Chair in Law, Pennsylvania State University, Dickinson Law (affiliation provided for identification purposes only)

James H. Stark, Oliver Ellsworth Research Professor, University of Connecticut School of Law Melissa Hart, University of Colorado Law School Davalene Cooper, Professor of Law, New England Law Boston Leah Wortham Professor Emerita of Law, The Catholic University of America Leslie Book, Professor of Law, Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law Robert J. Condlin, Professor of Law, University of Maryland Carey School of Law Cassandra Burke Robertson, Professor of Law and Director, Center for Professional Ethics, Case Western Reserve University School of Law Joshua M. Silverstein, Professor of Law, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, William H. Bowen School of Law Martha A. Pagliari, Interim Director, Legal Analysis, Research & Communication, DePaul University, College of Law Stephen Ellmann, Martin Professor of Law, New York Law School Barbara S Gillers, Adjunct Professor, New York University School of Law Elliott S. Milstein , Professor of Law, American University Washington College of Law William H Simon, Professor of Law, Columbia University Professor Laurie L. Levenson, Loyola Law School John M. Burkoff, Professor of Law, University of Pittsburgh David M. Siegel, Professor of Law, Director, Center for Law and Social Responsibility, New England Law | Boston Mark A. Peterson Caryn R. Mitchell-Munevar, Clinical Professor, New England Law Boston Rachel Smith Sharon Dolovich, Professor of Law, UCLA School of Law Nancy Burkoff, Associate Professor, University of Pittsburgh School of Law Professor Rory K. Little, UC Hastings College of the Law Gillian K. Hadfield, Kirtland Professor of Law and Professor of Economics, University of Southern California Jonathan L. Entin, David L. Brennan Professor Emeritus of Law, Case Western Reserve University Elizabeth McCormick, University of Tulsa College of Law Rhonda Wasserman, Professor of Law, University of Pittsburgh School of Law Robert N. Strassfeld, Professor of Law, Case Western Reserve University

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Douglas R. Heidenreich, Professor Emeritus, MitchellHamline School of Law Joanne Gottesman, Clinical Professor of Law, Rutgers Law School (affiliation provided for identification purposes only) Aviva Orenstein, Professor of Law and Val Nolan Fellow, Indiana University Maurer School of Law Russell Engler, Professor of Law and Director of Clinical Programs, New England Law | Boston John Leubsdorf, Distinguished Professor of Law, Rutgers University Steve Berenson, Thomas Jefferson School of Law George Taylor, Professor of Law, University of Pittsburgh School of Law David Harris, Professor of Law, University of Pittsburgh Leslie W. Abramson, Frost Brown Todd Professor of Law, University of Louisville Brandeis School of Law Kenneth Chestek, Associate Professor, University of Wyoming College of Law. Benjamin P. Cooper, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, Associate Professor of Law, Frank Montague, Jr. Professor of Legal Studies and Professionalism, University of Mississippi School of Law Jack P. Sahl, Joseph G. Miller Professor of Law & Director,, Miller-Becker Center for Professional Responsibility Margaret H. Taylor, Professor of Law, Wake Forest University School of Law Jaime Bouvier, Case Western Reserve University School of Law Shannon Roesler, Professor of Law, Oklahoma City University School of Law Linda F. Smith, Professor, University of Utah S. J. Quinney College of Law Sahar Aziz Jessica Dixon Weaver, Associate Professor, SMU Dedman School of Law Deborah J. Cantrell, Associate Professor, University of Colorado Law School Professor Linda Morton, California Western School of Law Barbara A. Atwood, Mary Anne Richey Professor of Law Emerita, University of Arizona Rogers College of Law Nancy Polikoff Naomi Cahn, George Washington University Law School (institution provided for identification only) Susan A. Bandes, Centennial Distinguished Professor, DePaul University College of Law Karen M. Blum, Professor of Law, Suffolk University Law School Carla D. Pratt, Dickinson Law Vivian Hamilton, Professor of Law, William & Mary Law School Danne L. Johnson, Professor of Law, Oklahoma City University School of Law Srividhya Ragavan, Professor of Law, Texas A&M School of Law Christine Venter, Director, Legal Writing Program, Notre Dame Law School Prof. Marjorie A. Silver, Touro Law Center *Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Bari Burke, Professor, University of Montana School of Law Carolyn C. Jones, University of Iowa College of Law (Institution provided for identification purposes only) Cynthia A. Mertens, Professor Emerita, Santa Clara University Law School Martha Chamallas, Robert J. Lynn Chair in Law, Moritz College of Law, The Ohio State University Jaya Ramji-Nogales, I. Herman Stern Professor of Law, Temple University Susan Frelich Appleton, Lemma Barkeloo & Phoebe Couzins Professor of Law, Washington University in St. Louis Peggy Maisel, Clinical Professor and Associate Dean, Boston University School of Law

Marguerite Chapman, Professor Emerita of Law, The University of Tulsa Joan M. Shaughnessy, Roger D. Groot Professor of Law, Washington and Lee University Kathryn A. Sabbeth, Associate Professor, University of North Carolina School of Law Carmen G. Gonzalez, Seattle University School of Law Laurie W. Jones, Associate Dean of Admissions, Oklahoma City University School of Law Jennifer M. Chacon, University of California, Irvine, School of Law Lisa Bliss, Georgia State University* (*For Identification Purposes Only) Linda Sheryl Greene, , Evjue Bascom Professor, University of Wisconsin Law School Pamela Daiker-Middaugh Cleveland-Marshall College of Law Minna Kotkin, Professor of Law, Brooklyn Law School Kathleen Engel, Research Professor of Law, Suffolk University Lisa R. Pruitt, Professor of Law, University of California, Davis Leslie Rose, Professor of Law, Golden Gate University Barbara J Cox Kara W. Swanson, Professor of Law, Northeastern University Jane C. Murphy University of Baltimore School of Law Marianne Blair, Professor of Law, University of Tulsa Joan Vogel, Professor of Law, Vermont Law School S. Elizabeth Gibson, Burton Craige Professor of Law Emerita, University of North Carolina Professor Emeritus Brenda Jones Quick, , Michigan State University College of Law Judith Royster, Professor of Law, University of Tulsa College of Law Deena R. Hurwitz, Esq. Vicki J. Limas, Associate Dean of Academic Affairs and Professor of Law, The University of Tulsa College of Law María D Fernos, Honorary Professor, Inter American Law School

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Laura Oren, Professor Emerita, University of Houston Law Center Ann Sinsheimer, Professor of Legal Writing, University of Pittsburgh School of Law Barbara Bucholtz, Professor of law, University of Tulsa College of Law Karen M. Grundy, Associate Professor of Legal Writing, University of Tulsa College of Law Naomi Goodno, Associate Professor of Law, Pepperdine University School of Law Karl Klare, Professor of Law, Northeastern University (institution listed for identification purposes only) Julie Dahlstrom, Boston University School of Law Jane M. Spinak. Edward Ross Aranow Clinical Professor of Law, Columbia Law School Mary D. Fan, Henry M. Jackson Professor of Law, University of Washington School of Law **Please note that pursuant to state ethical rules, the listing of my title and institutional affiliation must be accompanied by a disclaimer stating that the information is provided solely for identification purposes and that I am speaking individually and not for the school or university.** David Reiss, Brooklyn Law School Carrie Menkel-Meadow Esq, Professor of Law Arthur F. Greenbaum, James W. Shocknessy Professor of Law, The Ohio State University Moritz College of Law Henry L. Hecht, John and Elizabeth Boalt Lecturer in Residence, UC Berkeley, School of Law (Boalt Hall) Veronica Root, Notre Dame Law School David S. Cohen, Professor of Law, Drexel University Thomas R. Kline School of Law Marie Stefanini Newman, Professor of Law, Elisabeth Haub School of Law at Pace University Alice Noble-Allgire, Professor of Law, Southern Illinois University Sherry L. Smith, Welch & Smith, P.C. Robin Morris Collin , Norma J. Paulus Professor of Law, Willamette University College of Law Ann C. McGinley, William S. Boyd Professor of Law, UNLV Boyd School of Law Dave Fagundes, Professor of Law & Research Dean, University of Houston Law Center June Carbone, Robina Chair of Law, Science and Technology, University of Minnesota Law School Professor Jordan J. Paust, Law Center, University of Houston Matiangai Sirleaf, Assistant Professor of Law, University of Pittsburgh School of Law Michael D. Duncan, Chubbuck Duncan & Robey, PC , Oklahoma City. Susan L. DeJarnatt, Professor of Law, Temple University Beasley School of Law Anne Rector, Emory University Joan W. Howarth, Dean Emerita and Professor of Law, Michigan State University College of Law Marybeth Herald, Professor, Thomas Jefferson School of Law Zipporah B Wiseman , Professor Emerita, University of Texas Law School, Austin Texas

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Karla McKanders, Associate Professor, University of Tennessee, College of Law Christine Kellett, Professor Emerita, The Dickinson Scholl of Law, Penn State Martha F. Davis, Associate Dean and Professor, Northeastern University School of Law Sally Goldfarb, Professor of Law, Rutgers Law School Beryl Blaustone, Professor of Law, CUNY School of Law Marla E Mansfield, Professor of Law Emirita, University of Tulsa College of Law Charles H. Rose III, Professor of Excellence in Trial Advocacy, Stetson University College of Law Dara E. Purvis, Assistant Professor, Penn State Law Laura Spitz, Associate Dean, Cornell Law School Stephen Bundy, University of California at Berkeley David R. Dow, Cullen Professor, University of Houston Law Center, and Rorschach Lecturer in History, Rice University. Michael Meltsner, Matthews Professor of Law, Northeastern University School of Law Prof. Carol Chomsky, University of Minnesota Law School Dalie Jimenez, Associate Professor of Law, University of Connecticut School of Law Amy Bauer, Legal Writing Professor, University of Colorado Mort Welch, Welch & Smith Oklahoma City Catherine J. Wasson, Associate Professor of Law & Director, Legal Method & Communication, Elon University School of Las Ellen Y. Suni, Professor of Law, University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC) School of Law Jeanne Merino, Director, Legal Research and Writing, Stanford Law School Charles W. Wolfram, Charles Frank Reavis Sr. Professor Emeritus, Cornell Law School Jeannette Cox, Professor of Law, University of Dayton School of Law Mimi Samuel Devin Kinyon, Associate Clinical Professor of Law, Santa Clara University Lonny Hoffman Prof Barbara Babcock, Emerita Crown Professor, Stanford Law School Laura Rovner, Ronald V. Yegge Clinical Director & Professor of Law Lindsey Webb, Assistant Professor, University of Denver Sturm College of Law Susan C. Wawrose, Professor of Lawyering Skills & Director, Leadership Honors Program, University of Dayton School of Law Deborah Rummelhart Roberto L. Corrada, Professor, University of Denver Sturm College of Law Alan K. Chen, William M. Beaney Research Chair & Professor, University of Denver Sturm College of Law

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Timothy E. Lynch, Associate Professor, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law Catherine Sandoval, Associate Professor, Santa Clara University School of Law Brandon Weiss, Associate Professor, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Law Johanna Bond, Professor of Law, Washington and Lee University School of Law Linda E. Fisher, Professor, Seton Hall Law School David Raeker-Jordan, Associate Professor of Legal Methods, Widener Law Commonwealth Roberta K. Thyfault, Legal Writing Professor, California Western School of Law Stacy Caplow, Professor of Law, Brooklyn Law School, Brooklyn, NY Associate Professor Helen de Haven, Atlanta's John Marshall Law School Marjorie Shultz, Professor of Law Emerita, University of California, Berkeley Robert P. Schuwerk, Professor Emeritus, University of Houston Law Center Stacey Dogan, Professor & Law Alumni Scholar, Boston University School of Law Susan L. Brooks, Associate Dean for Experiential Learning and Professor of Law, Drexel University Kline School of Law Grace Ganz Blumberg, Distinguished Professor of Law, UCLA School of Law Geoffrey A. Hoffman, UHLC Immigration Clinic Director Florence Wagman Roisman, William F. Harvey Professor of Law, Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law, Indianapolis, Indiana Sarah Hooke Lee, Associate Dean of Information and Research, Northeastern University School of Law Melvyn R. Durchslag, Professor of Law, Emeritus, Case Western Reserve University David Sloss, Professor of Law, Santa Clara University Sung Hui Kim, Professor of Law, UCLA School of Law Mary Pat Treuthart, Professor, Gonzaga University School of Law Professor Margaret M. Russell, Santa Clara University Susan Hazeldean Maxine Eichner, Graham Kenan Professor of Law, UNC School of Law Sam Jacobson, Retired Professor, Willamette University College of Law Patricia Krueger Marina Angel, Temple University School of Law JoAnne Sweeny, Associate Professor of Law, University of Louisville Judith Popper, Clinical Professor of Law, UMKC Law School Jeffrey Selbin, Clinical Professor of Law, U.C. Berkeley School of Law Christopher N. Lasch, Associate Professor, Univ. of Denver Sturm College of Law James Geoffrey Durham - University of Dayton School of Law *Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Dayna Bowen Matthew Nan D. Hunter, Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center Susan Bisom-Rapp, Associate Dean for Faculty Research and Scholarship and Professor of Law, Thomas Jefferson School of Law Professor Kathleen Ridolfi, Santa Clara University School of Law Peter A. Winograd, Professor Emeritus, University of New Mexico School of Law Gabriel Arkles, Associate Teaching Professor, Northeastern University School of Law Carwina Weng, Clinical Professor of Law, Indiana University Maurer School of Law Jonathan Simon, Professor of Law, Berkeley Harry N. Scheiber. Chancellor's Chair Professor of Law and History, Emeritus, University of California, Berkeley Grace Allison, Adjunct Clinical Professor of Law, University of New Mexico School of Law Cynthia Hawkins DeBose, Professor, Stetson University College of Law Kathy Hessler, Clinical Professor of Law, Lewis & Clark Law School (for affiliation purposes) Ann F. Thomas, Otto L. Walter Distinguished Professor of Tax Law and Director, Graduate Tax Program, New York Law School Reed Elizabeth Loder, Professor, Vermont Law School Angela Harris, Professor of Law, UC Davis School of Law (King Hall) Judith E. Koons, Professor of Law, Barry University School of Law Joan Steinman, Distinguished Professor of Law, Chicago-Kent College of Law, Illinois Tech Mary Kay Kisthardt, Tiera M. Farrow Faculty Scholar, Professor of Law, University of Missouri -Kansas City School of Law Steven J. Heyman, Professor of Law, Chicago-Kent College of Law, Illinois Institute of Technology Vincent R. Johnson, Professor of Law, St. Mary's University School of Law Daniel A. Warshawsky, Professor of Law, New York Law School Susan E. Looper-Friedman, Professor of Law, Capital University Law School Lucy Williams, Professor of Law. Faculty Director of Public Interest and Pro Bono Initiatives, Northeastern University School of Law Ann Shalleck, Professor of Law and Carrington Shields Scholar, American University, Washington College of Law Lauren Edelman, Agnes Roddy Robb Professor of Law, UC Berkeley Alexander A. Boni-Saenz, Assistant Professor, Chicago-Kent College of Law Carolyn Blum, Clinical Professor of Law, Emeriti, Berkeley Law Ann Marie Marciarille , Professor of Law, UMKC School of Law Jose L. Martinez, Professor Emeritus, University of New Mexico School of Law Leary Davis, Founding Dean Emeritus, Elon University School of Law

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Professor Liz Ryan Cole, Vermont Law School Melvin A. Eisenberg, Professor of Law Emeritus Universiy of California Berkeley Law Ronald W Staudt, Professor of Law and Director of the Center for Access to Justice and Technology, Chicago-Kent College of Law. David Oppenheimer, Clinical Professor of Law, Berkeley Law Jeanette Wolfley Mary Szto, Associate Professor, Valparaiso University Law School Richard Perry, Lecturer-in-Residence, UC Berkeley School of Law Aaron Edlin, Richard Jennings Professor, UC Berkeley Eric Rakowski, Professor of Law, University of California at Berkeley Grace Tonner, Professor of Lawyering Skills, University of California, Irvine School of Law Claire Abely, Adjunct Professor, Northeastern University Law School Jan C. Costello, Professor of Law, Loyola Law School Ronald A. Br Distinguished Professor Joan C. Williams, University of California, Hastings College of Law Eric W. Wright , Professor of Law, Santa Clara University, School of Law Daniel T. Coyne, Clinical Professor of Law, IIT/Chicago-Kent College of Law Nancy K. Ota, Visiting Professor, University of Cincinnati College of Law Deanne Andrews Lawrence, Associate Clinical Professor, Co-Director Research, Writing, and Advocacy Michigan State University College of Law Benjamin H. Barton, Helen and Charles Lockett Distinguished Professor of Law, The University of Tennessee College of Law Maritza Reyes Ross Guberman, President, Legal Writing Pro Gerald Korngold, Professor, New York Law School Sheldon Nahmod, University Distinguished Professor, IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law Alyson Flournoy, Professor & Alumni Research Scholar, University of Florida Levin College of Law John DiPippa, Dean Emeritus and Distinguished Professor Law and Public Policy, UA-Little Rock, William H. Bowen School of Law Barbara Bennett Woodhouse, L. Q. C. Lamar Professor of Law, Emory University. Professor Mary L. Heen, University of Richmond School of Law David Schoenbrod, Trustee Professor of Law, New York Law School Professor Charles Sorenson, New England Law Boston Kathryn Mercer, Professor of Law, Case Western Reserve University School of Law Rosemary C. Salomone, Kenneth Wang Professor of Law, St. John's University, School of Law

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Joan Heminway, The University of Tennessee Ellen E. Deason, Professor, The Ohio State University Moritz College of Law Ari Ezra Waldman, Associate Professor of Law, New York Law School Ruth Anne Robbins, Distinguished Clinical Professor, Rutgers Law School Leslie Salzman, Director of Clinical Legal Education, Clinical Professor of Law, Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law Diana Kearney, Visiting Instructor, Cardozo Law School Lynne L Dallas University of San Diego School of Law Eleanor D. Kinney, JD, MPH, Hall Render Professor of Law Emerita, Indiana University McKinney School of Law Jodi L. Short, Bion Gregory Chair in Business Law, UC Hastings College of the Law Leo P. Martinez, University of California Hastings College of the Law Katharine K. Baker, University Distinguished Professor, IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law Debra Gerardi, UC Hastings College of Law Michael Wise Mary Rose Strubbe, Professor, Illinois Tech, Chicago-Kent College of Law Jana Singer, University of Maryland, Francis King Carey School of Law George Bach, Associate Professor, University of New Mexico School of Law Allison I.D. Ortlieb, Senior Instructor, DePaul University College of Law Eileen Kaufman, Professor of Law, Touro Law Center Michael B Salerno, Clinical Professor, UC Hastings College of the Law Binny Miller, Professor of Law, American University, Washington College of Law Peter Jaszi, Professor of Law Emeritus, American University Law School Evelyn Ginsberg Abravanel N. Jeremi Duru, Professor of Law, American University Jasmine Abdel-khalik, Associate Professor, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Law Ira P. Robbins, Professor of Law, American University Washington College of Law M. Isabel Medina, Ferris Family Distinguished Professor of Law, Loyola University New Orleans College of Law David Jung, UC Hastings, College of the Law Marsha Cohen, UC Hastings College of the Law Melissa Nelken, Raymond L. Sullivan Professor of Law, UC Hastings College of Law Gary Williams , Professor of Law, Loyola Law School (Los Angeles) Ana Novoa, Law Professor, St Mary's University School of Law

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* David H. Baum, Assistant Dean for Student Life, University of Michigan Law School Mark Cochran, Professor of Law, St. Mary's University, San Antonio, Texas Lisa F. Grumet, Adjunct Professor of Law, Associate Director, Impact Center for Public Interest Law, New York Law School Michael B. Mushlin, Professor of Law, Elisabeth Haub School of Law at Pace University Ellen Murphy, Wake Forest University School of Law Scott Cummings, Professor of Law, UCLA School of Law Adele Bernhard, Adjunct Professor at New York Law School Marianne Artusio, Assoc. Prof. of Law, Touro Law Center Mai Linh Spencer, Associate Clinical Professor, UC Hastings College of the Law Benjamin E. Alba, Director of Academic Success and Bar Passage, DePaul University College of Law Professor Gerald S. Reamey Alice Armitage, Associate Professor, University of California Hastings Law Robert H. Aronson, Betts, Patterson & Mines Emeritus Professor, University of Washington School of Law Professor Candace M. Zierdt, Stetson University College of Law Deborah Paruch, University of Detroit Mercy School of Law Andrew Pike, Professor of Law, American University Washington College of Law Terrence Cain, Professor of Law, University of Arkansas at Little Rock William H. Bowen School of Law Renee Knake, Doherty Chair in Legal Ethics and Professor of Law, University of Houston Law Center (title and institution listed for identification purposes only) Edward A. Purcell, Jr., Joseph Solomon Distinguished Professor, New York Law School Frank Zimring Louise Graham, Professor, University of Kentucky College of Law William J. Woodward, Jr., Research Fellow, Santa Clara University School of Law. Emily A. Spieler, Edwin Hadley Professor of Law, Northeastern University School of Law Jonathan Cardi, Wake Forest University School of Law Susan Nevelow Mart, University of Colorado Law School Ved P. Nanda University of Denver Sturm College of Law Susan R. Martyn, Distinguished University Professor and Stoepler Professor of Law and Values, University of Toledo College of Law Prof. Sheila Purcell, UC Hastings College of the Law Raquel Aldana McGeorge School of Law Martha I. Morgan, Professor Emerita, University of Alabama School of Law Marcy Karin

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Jarrod Wong, Professor of Law, University of the Pacific, McGeorge School of Law Mark N. Aaronson, Professor of Law Emeritus, University of California Hastings College of the Law Deborah M. Weissman, Reef C. Ivey II Distinguished Professor of Law, UNC School of Law Suzanne Schmitz, Prof. Emerita, Southern Illinois University School of Law Michael J. Wishnie, William O. Douglas Clinical Professor of Law, Yale Law School Jennifer M. Urban, Clinical Professor of Law, University of California-Berkeley Beverly Balos, Clinical Professor of Law Emerita, University of Minnesota Prof. Michelle Zierler, Faculty Publisher, Law Review, New York Law School D'lorah L. Hughes, University of California, Irvine School of Law Anna E. Carpenter, University of Tulsa College of Law Eduardo R.C. Capulong, Professor of Law, University of Montana Alexander Blewett III School of Law Erin Marie Clarke, Lecturer in Residence, UC Berkeley, School of Law Robert A. Solomon, Clinical Professor of Law, UC Irvine School of Law Erin Jacobsen, Staff Attorney and Assistant Professor, Vermont Law School Angela B. Cornell. Clinical Professor of Law, Cornell Law School Paul R. Tremblay, Clinical Professor, Boston College Law School Jonathan Manes, Assistant Clinical Professor, University at Buffalo School of Law, State University of New York. Associate Professor Margaret Drew. UMass Law School. Danielle R. Cover, University of Wyoming College of Law Susan D. Bennett, Professor of Law, American University Washington College of Law Mary B. Trevor, Professor Emerita and Adjunct Professor, Mitchell Hamline School of Law Paula Galowitz, Clinical Professor of Law Emerita, New York University School of Law Wendy A. Bach, Associate Professor, University of Tennessee College of Law Brian G Gilmore, Director - Housing Law Clinic, Michigan State University College of Law J.L. Pottenger, Jr., Nathan Baker Clinical Professor of Law, Yale Law School Ashley Badgley, Clinical Program Coordinator, American University Washington College of Law Michael Millemann, Professor, University of Maryland-Carey School of Law Professor Richard S. Ugelow, American University Law School Sande L. Buhai Clinical Professor Loyola Law School Louis J. Sirico, Jr.,Professor of Law, Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law Susan Landrum, Assistant Dean for Academic Achievement, St. John's University School of Law Herma Hill Kay, School of Law, Univ. of Calif. Berkeley

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Calvin Pang, Associate Professor of Law, Co-Director Clinical Programs, University of Hawaii School of Law Robert P. Burns, William W. Gurley Professor of Law, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Kim Diana Connolly, University of Buffalo School of Law Louis S. Rulli, Practice Professor of Law, University of Pennsylvania Law School Richard L. Abel, Connell Distinguished Professor of Law Emeritus, UCLA Richard A. Boswell, Professor of Law, UC Hastings College of Law Jennifer R. Barnes, Arizona State University Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law Mitt Regan Georgetown Law Center Philip Bobbitt, Herbert Wechsler Professor of Federal Jurisprudence, Director, Center for National Security, Columbia Law School Ellen L. Yee, Drake University Law School Susan B. Apel, Professor, Vermont Law School, and former legal aid lawyer Professor Lance Tibbles Capital University Law School Columbus, OH Martin Guggenheim, Fiorello LaGuardia Professor of Clinical Law, New York University School of Law Patience A. Crowder, Associate Professor, University of Denver Sturm College of Law Professor Thomas A. Schweitzer, Touro Law School Jo Carrillo, Professor of Law, UC Hastings College of the Law Beth Lyon, Clinical Professor of Law, Cornell Law School Dorit Reiss, Professor of Law, UC Hastings College of the Law. Ascanio Piomelli , Professor of Law, UC Hastings College of the Law Kelly Brewer Richard M. Buxbaum, Ralston Professor of International Law emeritus, Berkeley Law, UC Berkeley (former President of the Board of Directors, National Housing Law Project) Phyllis Goldfarb, Jacob Burns Foundation Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School Stephen Wizner, Yale Law School Paris R. Baldacci, Clinical Professor Emeritus of Law, Cardozo School of Law, New York, NY Andrew L. Kaufman, Charles Stebbins Fairchild Professor of Law, Harvard Law School Professor Susan Carle, American University Washington College of Law, Washington, DC. 20016 Joshua Davis, Associate Dean and Professor, University of San Francisco School of Law Mike Mireles, Professor of Law, McGeorge School of Law, University of the Pacific Russell G. Pearce, Professor of Law, Fordham University School of Law R. Gregory Cochran, Lecturer in Law and Associate Director, UCSF/UC Hastings Consortium on Law, Science & Health Policy, UC Hastings College of the Law Jaime S. King, Professor of Law, University of California, Hastings College of the Law

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Leah Wortham, Professor Emerita of Law, The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. Rosalind S. Simson, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Adjunct Professor of Law, Mercer University Vicki W. Girard, Co-Director Georgetown University Health Justice Alliance and Professor, Legal Research & Writing, Georgetown U. Law Center Kathryn Abrams, Professor of Law, UC-Berkeley Peter Margulies, Professor of Law, Roger Williams University School of Law Joel R. Paul Morris Ratner, Associate Professor, UC Hastings College of the Law, San Francisco, CA Diane S. Juliar, Clinical Professor of Law, Suffolk University Law School, Boston, MA Peter Pitegoff, Professor of Law & Former Dean, University of Maine School of Law Carol M. Langford, University of San Francisco School of Law Larry R. Spain, Alvin R. Allison Professor of Law, Texas Tech University School of Law Joan Meier, Professor of Clinical Law, George Washington University Law School Gregory Smith, Visiting Clinical Professor, Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law Evelyn Ginsberg Abravanel Sondra Tennessee, Associate Dean of Student Affairs, University of Houston Law Center Nancy H. Rogers, Professor of Law Emeritus, The Ohio State University Professor Michele Benedetto Neitz Michael E. Tigar, Emeritus Professor, Duke Law School & Emeritus Professor, Washington College of Law John Mills, Adjunct Professor of Law, UC Hastings College of the Law Arlene S. Kanter, Professor of Law, Syracuse University College of Law Ira C. Lupu, F. Elwood & Eleanor Davis Professor of Law Emeritus, George Washington University Karen Brown, Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School Ruben J. Garcia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas Barbara A. Schatz, Clinical Professor of Law, Columbia University School of Law Eric S. Sirulnik, Professor of Law Emeritus, The George Washington University Law School Gail E. Silverstein, Clinical Professor of Law, UC Hastings College of the Law Bruce Hay, Professor of Law, Harvard University Dmitry Bam, Associate Professor, University of Maine School of Law Prof. Robert Brauneis, The George Washington University Law School Barbara B. Bressler, Associate Dean for Experiential Education, DePaul University College of Law Katherine Kruse, Mitchell Hamline School of Law Lawrence K. Hellman, Dean Emeritus and Professor of Law, Oklahoma City University School of Law *Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Luize E Zubrow, Professor Emerita, GWU Law School Adrienne Brungess, Professor of Lawyering Skills, University of the Pacific McGeorge School of Law Jack L. Sammons, Griffin B. Bell Prof. of Law Emeritus, Mercer Law School Michael Schlesinger Michael W. Carroll, American University Washington College of Law Jaime Lee, Associate Professor and Director, Community Development Clinic, University of Baltimore School of Law Karen Musalo, Professor, UC, Hastings College of the Law Michelle Oberman, Professor of Law, Santa Clara University Alex J. Hurder, Clinical Professor of Law, Vanderbilt Law School Seema Saifee, Attorney Cortney E. Lollar, Assistant Professor, University of Kentucky College of Law Kathryn Webb Bradley, Professor of the Practice of Law, Director of Legal Ethics, Duke Law School Leigh Goodmark Leslie Bender, Professor Emerita, Syracuse University College of Law Dayla S. Pepi, Clinical Professor of Law, St. Mary's Univeristy School of Law William A. Kell, Lecturer in Residence, UC Berkeley Law School Professor Clifford S. Fishman, The Columbus School of Law, Catholic University of America Prof. Alice Kaswan, University of San Francisco School of Law Elizabeth August Ilene S. Klein, Clinical Law Professor, New England Law/Boston Jason Parkin, Visiting Associate Clinical Professor of Law, Columbia Law School Linda Ewald, Professor of Law (Emeritus), University of Louisville, Brandeis School of Law Lissa Griffin, James D. Hopkins Professor of Law and Director, Pace Criminal Justice Institute, Elisabeth Haub School of Law at Pace University Melissa Mortazavi, Associate Professor of Law, University of Oklahoma School of Law Ezra Rosser, Professor, American University Washington College of Law Philip J. Jimenez, Professor of Law, Santa Clara University Eumi Lee, Clinical Professor of Law, UC Hastings College of the Law Prof Laird Kirkpatrick Richard Zitrin, University of California, Hastings College of LAw Lauryn Gouldin, Associate Professor, Syracuse University College of Law Jonathan Feldman, Clinical Teaching Fellow, Cornell Law School Jill Friedman, Associate Dean for Pro Bono and Public Interest, Rutgers Law School *Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Wlliam J Bridge Angela J. Davis, Professor, American University Washington College of Law Richard Klein, Bruce K. Gould Distinguished Professor of Law, Touro Law School Susan J. Feathers, Assistant Dean for Pro Bono and Public Interest, Rutgers Law School Mark S. Weiner, Professor of Law, Rutgers Law School Angela Onwuachi-Willig, Chancellor's Professor of Law, University of California, Berkeley School of Law Burnele V. Powell, Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Legal Studies and, Miles and Ann Loadholt Chair of Law Emeritus, University of South Carolina School of Law Naomi Roht-Arriaza, Distinguished Professor of Law, UC Hastings College of the Law. Carl A. Pierce, Professor Emeritus, University of Tennessee College of Law; Director Emeritus, Howard H. Baker Jr. Center for Public Policy, University of Tennessee Prof. S.I. Strong Heidi Li Feldman, Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center John A. Bogdanski, Douglas K. Newell Faculty Scholar and Professor of Law, Lewis & Clark Law School Rima Sirota, Professor of Legal Research & Writing, Georgetown University Law Center David Hricik, Professor of Law, Mercer University School of Law Andrew Foster, Clinical Professor of Law, Duke Law School Phoebe A. Haddon Harry First, New York University School of Law Stacy Hawkins, Associate Professor, Rutgers Law School William B Fisch S. David Mitchell, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs, University of Missouri Ellen Yaroshefsky, Howard Lichtenstein Professor of Legal Ethics, Director of the Monroe Freedman Institute for the Study of Legal Ethics, Maurice A. Deane School of Law, Hofstra University Tanina Rostain Georgetown Law Center Margery Koosed, Emeritus Professor of Law, University of Akron School of Law Elizabeth Rapaport, Professor of Law (Emerita), University of New Mexico Paul Ladehoff, University of Missouri School of Law Aliza Milner, Legal Writing Professor, Syracuse University College of Law Suellyn Scarnecchia, Clinical Professor of Law, University of Michigan Michael Haber, Associate Clinical Professor of Law, Hofstra University, Maurice A. Deane School of Law Stuart Green, Distinguished Professor, Rutgers Law School John Lande, Isidor Loeb Professor Emeritus, University of Missouri School of Law Kandice Johnson, Director of Clinical Programs, University of Missouri School of Law

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Please add my name: Peter Tague, Georgetown University Law Center Justin Hansford Joan Schaffner, Associate Professor of Law, The George Washington University Law School Luz Herrera, Professor, Texas A&M University School of Law Michael Diamond, Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center Carol Buckler, Professor of Law, New York Law School Deborah Dinner, Associate Professor, Emory University School of Law Dean Hill Rivkin, Williford Gragg Distinguished Professor in Law, University of Tennessee College of Law Catherine J. Ross, Ph.D., J.D., Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School Jayesh Rathod, American University Washington College of Law Bernard W. Bell, Professor of Law and Herbert Hannoch Scholar, Rutgers Law School Professor Lucy A. Marsh, University of Denver Sturm College of Law Daniel H. Derby, Professor, Touro Law Center. Andrea Schneider, Professor of Law, Marquette University Law School Jack A Guttenberg, Capital University Law School Ruth Gordon Villanova University School of Law David A. Super, Georgetown University Law Center Aliza Kaplan, Professor and Director, Criminal Justice Reform Clinic, Lewis & Clark Law School Rima Sirota, Professor of Legal Research & Writing, Georgetown University Law Center David C. Vladeck, A.B. Chettle, Jr., Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center Professor Emeritus Norman Fell, Western Michigan University Cooley Law School Elizabeth Rapaport Professor of Law (emerita) University of New Mexico Carol B. Liebman, Clinical Professor, Columbia Law School Andrew I. Schoenholtz, Professor from Practice, Georgetown University Law Center Professor Mary A. Lynch John Brooks, Professor of Law, Georgetown University John W. Teeter, Jr. Professor of Law, St. Mary's University School of Law Natsu Taylor Saito, Professor of Law, Georgia State University College of Law Stephanie Goldenhersh, Assistant Director of Family Practice/Senior Clinical Instructor, Harvard Legal Aid Bureau, Harvard Law School Debra Chopp, Clinical Assistant Professor of Law Jenny Roberts, Professor of Law, American University, Washington College of Law Geraldine Muir *Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Dveera Segal, Professor of Law & Director of Civil Justice Clinic, Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law Jennifer Daskal, Associate Professor, American University Washington College of Law Irene Scharf, Professor of Law, University of Massachusetts School of Law Professor Deborah Epstein, Georgetown University Law Center Jorge R. Roig, Associate Professor of Law, Charleston School of Law David Luban, University Professor in Law and Philosophy, Georgetown University Prof. Jim Rowan, Northeastern University School of Law Michael Campbell, Professor of Law, Director of Clinical Programs, Villanova University Charles Widger School of Law Andrew Horwitz, Assistant Dean, Roger Williams University School of Law Richard Chused, Professor of Law, New York Law School Andrea Ramos Nancy E. Millar, Atlanta's John Marshall Law School Dana Hill, Clinical Associate Professor of Law, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Neel U. Sukhatme, Associate Professor, Georgetown University Law Center Amanda L. Kool, Lecturer on Law, Harvard Law School Patricia E. Roberts, Director of Clinical Programs (signing in her individual capacity); William & Mary Law School Elizabeth G. Patterson, Professor, University of South Carolina School of Law Frank A. Bress, Professor of Law, New York Law School Anne Fleming, Associate Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center Yakov P. Wiegmann, Esq. Donald Clarke, Professor, George Washington University Law School Fran Quigley, Clinical Professor, Indiana University McKinney School of Law Laurie Mikva, Northwestern Pritzker Law School Bluhm Legal Clinic Margo Lindauer, Northeastern University School of Law Brian Wolfman, Associate Professor and Director, Appellate Courts Immersion Clinic, Georgetown University Law Center Anne Joseph O'Connell, George Johnson Professor of Law, Berkeley Law Crystal Shin, Clinical Assistant Professor of Law, William & Mary Law School Theodore Silver Touro Law Center Michael Bloom, Clinical Assistant Professor, Michigan Law Claudia Polsky, Director, Environmental Law Clinic, UC Berkeley Law Emily Hammond, Professor of Law

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Lindsay M. Harris, Assistant Professor of Law, University of the District of Columbia - David A. Clarke School of Law Sarah Boonin, Associate Clinical Professor of Law, Suffolk University Law School Heather Esme Caramello, Clinical Professor of Law, Harvard Law School Elora Mukherjee, Associate Clinical Professor of Law, Columbia Law School Nienke Grossman, Associate Professor of Law, University of Baltimore School of Law John Copacino, Professor, Georgetown Law Farrah Fanara Jane H. Aiken, Georgetown Law Kimberly E OLeary, Professor of Law, WMU-Cooley Law School David M. Frankford, Professor of Law, Rutgers Law School Sarah Paoletti, Practice Professor of Law, University of Pennsylvania School of Law David R. Owen, Professor of Law, University of California, Hastings College of the Law Susan Felstiner, Clinical Professor of Law, Lewis and Clark Law School Robert H. Cole, Professor of Law Emeritus, University of California School of Law, Berkeley John Blume, Samuel F. Leibowitz Professor of Trial Techniques, Cornell Law School Aaron P. Wenzloff, Robert M. Cover Fellow, Yale Law School K. Alexa Koenig, Lecturer and Exec Director, Human Rights Center, UC Berkeley School of Law Philip M. Genty, Clinical Professor, Columbia Law School Katie Eyer, Associate Professor, Rutgers Law School Professor Jane Campbell Moriarty, Carol Los Mansmann Chair in Faculty Scholarship, Duquesne University School of Law Joy Radice, Associate Professor, University of Tennessee Tara Willke Steven Baicker-McKee, Assistant Professor, Duquesne University Julia M. Glencer, Esq., Professor of Clinical Skills, Duquesne University School of Law Jennifer Rosen Valverde, Esq./MSW, Clinical Professor of Law, Rutgers University School of Law Helia Hull, Associate Professor of Law, Barry University School of Law Nancy Chi Cantalupo, Assistant Professor of Law, Barry University School of Law Joel Copperman, formerly an attorney at Greater Boston Legal Services Kimberly P. Jordan, Moritz College of Law David Achtenberg, Professor & Law Foundation Scholar UMKC School of Law Peter Tague, Georgetown University Law Center Prof. Steven Virgil, Wake Forest University School of Law *Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Joel Teitelbaum, Associate Professor and Co-Director, National Center for Medical-Legal Partnership, George Washington University Erin M. Scheick, Visiting Associate Professor of Clinical Law, George Washington University Law School Jessica Anna Cabot, Davis Clinical Teaching Fellow, University of Connecticut Legal Clinic Cruz Reynoso Michael Vitiello, Distinguished Professor of Law, McGeorge School of Law, University of Pacific Linda Coco J.C. Lore, Clinical Professor of Law, Rutgers Law School Sarah Barnett, American University, Washington College of Law Melissa N. Henke, Associate Professor & Director of Legal Research and Writing, University of Kentucky College of Law Dr. Doel R. Quiñones Nunez, Full Professor, Interamerican University Of Puerto Rico Karen Wolff Amy Ambrose Mary Waterstone, B.A, M.A. J.D. MLibr, Law Librarian, University of Houston, former lawyer with Mid- Missouri Legal Services Amy Ambrose, UC Berkeley School of Law James P. Ogilvy, Ordinary Professor of Law, Columbus School of Law, The Catholic University of America Dennis Cichon, Professor of Law , Barry University School of Law Michael J Churgin, Raybourne Thompson Centennial Professor in Law, University of Texas at Austin Medha D. Makhlouf, Clinical Professor of Law, Penn State Dickinson Law Camilla Conde E. Lea Johnston, Professor of Law, University of Florida Levin College of Law Douglas Blaze, Professor of Law, University of Tennessee Brian K. Krumm Robert C. Blitt, Professor of Law, University of Tennessee Jon Bauer, Clinical Professor of Law and Richard D. Tulisano '69 Scholar in Human Rights, University of Connecticut School of Law Anna G. Cominsky, Adjunct Professor of Law & Supervising Attorney, New York Law School Professor Ann Goldweber, St. John's University School of Law Leonard A. Sandler, Clinical Professor of Law, University of Iowa Charisa Smith, Wisconsin Law School Kris Anne Tobin, Assistant Professor, University of Tennessee Alexa Shabecoff, Assistant Dean for Public Service, Harvard Law School

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Katherine Aschenbrenner Rodriguez, Associate Professor, Immigration Clinic Barry University School of Law Kathleen E. Gordon, Associate Director, Clinical Program, American University Washington College of Law Marie-Eve Augier Becky L. Jacobs, Waller Lansden Distinguished Professor of Law, University of Tennessee College of law Danielle Kie Hart, Professor of Law, Southwestern Law School A.R. Siek, Law Librarian, Lecturer III, UNMSOL Scott Childs, Associate Dean for Library & Technology Services and Professor, University of Tennessee College of Law Tom Noble, Assistant Professor of Law, Elon University School of Law Michele Goodwin, Chancellor's Professor of Law, University of California, Irvine Nicole Morris, Professor in Practice, Emory University School of Law H. Timothy Lovelace, Jr., Associate Professor, Indiana University Maurer School of Law Beth Colgan, Assistant Professor of Law, UCLA School of Law David Dittfurth, Professor, St. Mary's University School of Law Sally Frank, Professor of Law, Drake University Ben Trachtenberg, Associate Professor of Law, University of Missouri Michelle Rigual, Professor of Law Librarianship, University of New Mexico Alexander Scherr, University of Georgia School of Law Professor Catherine Albiston, UC Berkeley School of Law David F. Fisher, professor and Executive Director, Corporate Institute, University of Minnesota Law School Dawn Nunziato, Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School Cindy Wilson, Clinical Professor, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Deseriee Kennedy, Assoc. Dean of Diversity & Inclusion, Professor of Law Kenneth Nunn, Professor of Law University of Florida Levin College of Law Klaus Sitte, Adjunct Professor, University of Montana Blewett School of Law Virginia Harper Ho, Professor of Law, University of Kansas School of Law Brittany Glidden, Director, Externship and Pro Bono Programs, UC Hastings College of Law Alex Ritchie, Associate Professor, University of New Mexico School of Law Tonya Kowalski, Professor of Law, Washburn University School of Law Yvonne Troya, Legal Director, Medical-Legal Partnership for Seniors Clinic Susan Deller Ross, Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center Kathryn M. Stanchi, Professor of Law, Temple University School of Law *Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Deborah S. Gordon, Associate Professor of Law, Drexel University Thomas R. Kline School of Law Robert J. Cottrol, Harold Paul Green Research Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi - Director, International Human Rights Clinic - Santa Clara Law Carla Spivack, Professor of Law, Oklahoma City University School of Law Jane Pucher Candice Carnage, Chief Financial Officer, The Innocence Project, Inc Christine Lin, Center for Gender & Refugee Studies - California Adnan Sultan, Staff Attorney, Innocence Project K. Colosky Amanda Sen, Acting Assistant Professor, New York University School of Law Meredith T. Kennedy Liam Galbreth Staff Attorney, East Bay Community Law Center Judith Frame Wiseman, Teaching Professor Law, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Law Tanya Hernandez, Profess of Law, Fordham University School of Law Julie Davies, Professor of Law, University of the Pacific, McGeorge School of Law Emily Bruce, UC Berkeley James C. May, Esq., Director, South Royalton Legal Clinic, Vermont Law School Ellen S. Podgor, Stetson University College of Law Katherine Puzone Associate Professor of Law Barry University School of Law Susan Saidel, Widener University Delaware Law School Katharine Tinto, Director, Criminal Justice Clinic, UC Irvine School of Law Amy Mulzer, Clinical Instructor of Law, Brooklyn Law School Vinuta Naik, Attorney, EBCLC Shauna Marshall, Professor of Law, Emerita, UC Hastings School of Law Lisa Noshay Petro, Director of Disability Resource Program, UC Hastings College of the Law Douglas S. Eakeley, Professor of Law, Rutgers Law School Nancy D. Perkins, Professor of Law, Duquesne University School of Law Melanie McMenamin, Charles Widger School of Law Villanova University Lois A. Weithorn, Professor of Law, UC Hastings College of the Law, San Francisco, CA Maryam Ahranjani, Assistant Professor of Law, University of New Mexico School of Law Geoffrey Heeren, Associate Professor and Michael and Dianne Swygert Teaching Fellow, Valparaiso University Law School

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Anne Marie Whitesell, Professor, LL.M Program and Faculty Director, Program on International Arbitration and Dispute Resolution, Georgetown University Law Center Andrew Chapin, Director of Public Interest Scholars & Counseling, Fordham University School of Law Prof. Luis E. Rodríguez-Rivera, University of Puerto Rico School of Law, San Juan, Puerto Rico Alan B. Morrison, Associate Dean for Public Interest Law, George Washington University Law School Sy moskowitz, Senior Research Prof, Valpo Law School Tracy Simmons Alicia Plerhoples, Associate Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center Joseph R. Grodin, Distinguished Emeritus Professor, University of California Hastings College of the Law; former Associate Justice, California Supreme Court David B Wexler Professor of Law University of Puerto Rico Derrick Howard, Associate Dean for Experiential Learning, Valparaiso University Law School Marilucy González-Báez, Professor, Interamerican University of Puerto Rico, School of Law Andrew King-Ries, Professor, Blewett School of Law, University of Montana Prof. Judith A. McMorrow, Boston College Law School Manoj Viswanathan, Associate Professor of Law, UC Hastings College of the Law Allison K. Hoffman, UCLA School of Law Professor R. Lawrence Dessem, University of Missouri Law School Lisa C. Ikemoto, Professor of Law, University of California-Davis School of Law Michelle Kwon, Associate Professor, University of Tennessee College of Law Natalie M. Chin, Assistant Professor of Clinical Law and Director, Disability and Civil Rights Clinic, Brooklyn Law School José J. ÁLVAREZ-GONZÁLEZ, Professor of Law, University of Puerto Rico Alina Ball, UC Hastings College of the Law Conrad Johnson, Clinical Professor of Law, Columbia University School of Law Eugene F. Hestres - Adjunt Professor University of Puerto Rico School of Law Ian Haney-Lopez, Earl Warren Professor of Public Law, UC Berkeley Rosalie Levinson, Senior Research Professor, Valparaiso University School of Law Elizabeth Meier Stephanie M. Wildman, Professor of Law, Santa Clara University Kit Kinports, Professor & Polisher Family Distinguished Faculty Scholar, Penn State Law Efren Rivera-Ramos, Professor of Law, University of Puerto Rico Nina Morrison, attorney, the Innocence Project (submitted in individual capacity) Carlos F. Ramos Hernández, Law Student (University of Puerto Rico School of Law)

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Elissa Germaine, Adjunct Professor of Law and Supervising Attorney, Elisabeth Haub School of Law at Pace University Maya Manian, Professor, University of San Francisco School of Law Barry Scheck, Professor of Law, Benjamin N Cardozo School, Co-Director, The Innocence Project Prasad Krishnamurthy, Assistant Professor of Law, U.C. Berkeley Law School Prof. Theodore P. Seto, Hon. Frederick J. Lower, Jr. Chair and Professor of Law, Loyola Law School, Loyola Marymount University Jay Silver, Professor of Law, St. Thomas University School of Law Elizabeth Patterson, Associate Professor of Law Emerita, Georgetown Law Sara LaCava, Development Specialist, Innocence Project Howard Erichson, Professor of Law, Fordham University Jonathan Z. Cannon, Blaine T. Phillips Distinguished Professor of Environmental Law, University of Virginia School of Law Myles V. Lynk, Professor of Law, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Arizona State University Prof. Del Wright Jr., Valparaiso Law School Cynthia Lee, Professor of Law in Washington, DC Carlos M. Vazquez, Professor of Law, Georgetown University Law Center Laurence H. Tribe, Carl M. Loeb University Professor Professor of Constitutional Law Harvard Law School Christine Desan, Leo Gottlieb Professor of Law, Harvard Law School Frank Michelman, Professor Emeritus, Harvard University Todd Rakoff, Byrne Professor of Administrative Law, Harvard Law School Amy J. Griffin, Associate Dean for Faculty Development, University of Colorado School of Law Jennifer A. Gundlach, Clinical Professor of Law, Maurice A. Deane School of Law, Hofstra University David L. Shapiro, Cromwell Professsor of Law, Emeritus, Harvard Law School Professor Lela P. Love, Cardozo School of Law Russell M. Gold, Associate Professor of Legal Writing, Wake Forest University School of Law Paula Schaefer, Associate Professor of Law, University of Tennessee College of Law Professor Robert Rosen. School of Law, University of Miami A. Jams Elliott, Associate Dean, Emory Law School William M. Sage, Professor of Law and Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin Chelsea Desruisseaux, Case Analyst, Innocence Project Katya Dow, Legal Program Director, JCAP Theresa Glennon, Professor of Law, Temple University Beasley School of Law Daniel M. Schaffzin, Assistant Professor of Law and Director of Experiential Learning, University of Memphis Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law *Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Carol Steiker, Henry J. Friendly Professor of Law, Harvard Law School Tracey McCants Lewis, Assistant Professor, Duquesne University School of Law Marsha M. Mansfield, Clinical Professor, University of Wisconsin Law School Robert M. Ackerman, Professor of Law, Wayne State University Maura I Strassberg, Professor of Law, Drake University Law School Janet Heppard, Clinical Program Director, University of Houston Law Center Peter A. Joy, Henry Hitchcock Professor of Law, Washington University in St. Louis School of Law I. Glenn Cohen, Professor, Harvard Law School Deborah S. Tussey, Professor, Oklahoma City University School of Law Shirley LaVarco, Strategic Litigation Paralegal, The Innocence Project Candace Kovacic-Fleischer, Professor of Law, Emerita, American University, Washington College of Law Kate Duvall, university of Virginia School of Law Director of Student Affairs Elizabeth Bartholet, Morris Wasserstein Prof of Law, Harvard Law School James G. Milles, Professor of Law, University at Buffalo School of Law Clare Pastore, Professor of the Practice of Law, USC Gould School of Law Sam Erman, Associate Professor, USC Gould School of Law Thomas D. Lyon, J.D., Ph.D., Judge Edward J. and Ruey L. Guirado Chair in Law and Psychology, University of Southern California Ariela Gross, John B. & Alice R. Sharp Professor of Law & History, USC Gould School of Law Robert M. Saltzman, Associate Dean and Professor of Lawyering Skills Emeritus, USC Gould School of Law Laura C Fry, Dir. of Externships, Adj. Assist. Prof. of Law, U of Southern California Pauline M. Aranas, Associate Dean, John Stauffer Charitable Trust Chief Information Officer, Director of the Law Library, and Adjunct Professor of Law, University of Southern California Edward Finegan, Professor of Linguistics and Law, Emeritus, University of Southern California Catherine H. Coleman, Associate Professor of Lawyering Skills, University of Southern California Gould School of Law Valerie J. Barreiro, Clinical Assistant Professor of Law, USC Gould School of Law Dan Simon, Professor of Law and Psychology Hannah Garry, Clinical Professor of Law, USC Gould School of Law Lybby Carroll, USC Gould Rebecca S. Lonergan, Professor of Lawyering Skills, University of Southern California, Gould School of Law Marguerite Sacerdote, Policy Associate, Innocence Project Prentice L. White, Associate Professor of Law, Southern University Law Center

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Cynthia Prado-Guyer Robert D. Dinerstein, Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Experiential Education, American University, Washington College of Law Jonathan Zittrain, George Bemis Professor of International Law, Harvard University Abby Wood, USC Gould School of Law Professor Lisa H. Nicholson Briana Beltran, Clinical Teaching Fellow, Cornell Law School Richard E. Humphrey, IU Robert H. McKinney School of Law Carol A. Needham, Emanuel Myers Professor of Law, Saint Louis University School of Law Bruce Ackerman Sterling Professor of Law and Political Science, Yale University Nick Fisfis, Professor of Law, Duquesne University Scott Altman, Professor of Law, University of Southern California, Gould School of Law Geoffrey R. Stone, Edward H. Levi Distinguished Service Professor of Law, The University of Chicago Jeff Ward, Associate Clinical Professor of Law, Duke School of Law Melanie B. Jacobs, Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Graduate and International Programs, Michigan State University College of Law Russell Korobkin, Richard C. Maxwell Professor and Vice Dean, UCLA School of Law Elliot Dorff, UCLA School of Law Karl Manheim, Professor of Law, Loyola Law School Gregory C. Keating, William T. Dalessi Professor of Law and Philosophy, USC Gould School of Law Laura Weinrib, Assistant Professor of Law, University of Chicago Law School Joel F. Handler, Richard C.Maxwell Distinguished Professor Of Law Emeritus, UCLA Law School Randall D. Schmidt, Clinical Professor of Law, University of Chicago Niels W. Frenzen, Sydney M. and Audrey M. Irmas Endowed Clinical Professor of Law, USC Gould School of Law Jennifer Nou, Neubauer Family Assistant Professor, University of Chicago Law School Mark Tarango. Mark A. Peterson, Clinical Professor of Law, Lewis & Clark Law School, Portland, OR Kathleen Janus Rachel Kronick Rothbart Khaled Abou El Fadl, Professor, UCLA School of Law John Ferejohn , Samuel Tilden Professor at NYU Law School John McKeown Claudia Angelos, Clinical Professor of Law, New York University School of Law

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Laura Sager, Clinical Professor of Law, New York University School of Law Craig B. Futterman, Clinical Professor of .Law, University of Chicago Law School Randy Hertz, Professor of Clinical Law, NYU School of Law Lewis A Kornhauser, Frank Henry Sommer Professor of Law, New York University David Garland, Arthur T. Vanderbilt Professor of Law, New York University School of Law Paulette M. Caldwell, Professor of Law, New York University School of Law Professor Sarah E. Burns, New York University School of Law Kim Taylor-Thompson, Professor of Clinical Law Erin Murphy, NYU School of Law Stephen Gillers, NYU School of Law Katherine J. Strandburg, Alfred B. Engelberg Professor of Law, New York University School of Law Genevieve Lakier, Assistant Professor, The University of Chicago Law School Eleanor M. Fox, Walter J. Derenberg Professor of Trade Regulation, New York University School of Law Peggy Cooper Davis, John S.R. Shad Professor of Lawyering and Ethics, New York University School of Law Jonathan Masur Jason Schultz, Professor of Clinical Law, NYU School of Law Jonathan D. Varat, Professor of Law and Dean Emeritus, UCLA School of Law Charleen Hsuan, UCLA School of Law Cynthia Godsoe, Associate Professor of Law, Brooklyn Law School Laurel Rigertas, Associate Professor, Northern Illinois University College of Law Mitchell Kane, Gerald L. Wallace Professor of Taxation, NYU School of Law David Taylor, Professor of Law, Northern Illinois University College of Law Professor Barton Beebe, New York University School of Law Paul J. Cain, Clinical Professor, Northern Illinois University College of Law Sandra E. Kupelian, Legal Writing & Analysis Instructor, Northern Illinois University College of Law Genevieve Fajardo, Clinical Prof. of Law, St. Mary's University School of Law Claudia Flores, Assistant Clinical Professor of Law, University of Chicago Law School Noah Zatz, Professor of Law, UCLA School of Law Jeff Leslie, Director of Clinical and Experiential Learning, University of Chicago Law School Michael J. Brennan, Clinical Professor of Law, Univ. of Southern California School of Law Katherine Hunt Federle, Joseph S. Platt--Porter Wright Morris and Arthur Professor of Law and Director, Center for Interdisciplinary Law and Policy Studies, The Ohio State University Moritz College of Law Robert Lancaster, Louisiana State University Law Center *Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Tiffany D. Atkins, Fellow, Elon University School of Law Andrew Williams, Director, Lawyering Program, NYU School of Law Brian Citro, Clinical Lecturer in Law, University of Chicago Law School Maria Woltjen, Director, Young Center for Immigrant Children's Rights, University of Chicago Law School Julia Forgie, Emmett/Frankel Fellow in Environmental Law and Policy, Emmett Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, UCLA School of Law Robert A. Weinstock, Clinical Fellow and Lecturer in Law, University of Chicago Law School Nancy Morawetz, Professor of Clinical Law, New York University School of Law Oscar E. Miranda, Professor, University of Puerto Rico Law School Joanna Schwartz Mark J. Heyrman, Clinical Professor of Law, University of Chicago Law School Jasleen Kohli, Director of the Critical Race Studies Program, UCLA School of Law Sylvia A. Law, Elizabeth K. Dollard Professor of Law, NYU Law School Julie Ryan, Associate Professor of Lawyering Skills, USC Gould School of Law Tonya Brito, University of Wisconsin Law School Dan Dawes James E. Coleman, Jr., John S Bradway Professor of the Practice of Law, Duke Law School (Assistant General Counsel of the Legal Services Corporation (1976-78)) Carolyn McAllaster, Clinical Professor of Law, Duke Law School Ana Novoa, Law Professor, St Mary's University School of Law David R. Ginsburg, Lecturer-in-Law (Retired), UCLA School of Law Anita Maddali, Associate Professor of Law & Director of Clinics, Northern Illinois University College of Law Ken Graham, Professor Emeritus, UCLA Law School. S. Hannah Demeritt, Clinical Professor of Law, Duke Law School Stephen Bundy, Professor of Law Emeritus, University of California at Berkeley Rebecca Baehr, Associate Director Center for Career Development, Rutgers Law School, Camden, New Jersey Michael Gregory, Clinical Professor of Law, Harvard Law School, Cambridge, MA Grainne de Burca, Professor of Law, New York University Law School Karen Tokarz, Professor of Law, Washington University in St. Louis Sarah Chu, Sr. Forensic Policy Advocate, Innocence Project Richard H. McAdams, Bernard D. Meltzer Professor, University of Chicago Law School David A. Strauss, Gerald Ratner Distinguished Service Professor of Law, the University of Chicago R. Lisle Baker, Professor of Law, Suffolk University Law School, Boston, Massachusetts *Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Steven Lubet, Williams Memorial Professor, Northwestern Pritzker Law School David B. Wilkins, Lester Kissel Professor of Law, Vice Dean for Global Initiatives on the Legal Profession, Faculty Director of the Center on the Legal Profession, Harvard Law School Charles G. Geyh, John F. Kimberling Professor of Law, Indiana University Maurer School of Law Cliff Zimmerman, Professor of Practice, Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law Martha M. Ertman, Carole & Hanan Sibel Research Professor, University of Maryland Carey Law School Laurie Mikva, Assistant Clinical Professor, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Carole Silver, Professor of Global Law & Practice, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law John M. O'Hare, Lecturer, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Ajay K. Mehrotra Executive Director/Research Professor, American Bar Foundation & Professor of Law, Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law Robert L. Nelson, Northwestern University Joshua Tepfer, Lecturer-in-Law, University of Chicago Law School Annalise Buth, M.R. Bauer Foundation Fellow, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Deborah Tuerkheimer, Professor of Law, Northwestern University Albert W. Alschuler, Julius Kreeger Professor Emeritus, the University of Chicago Law School Leonard L. Riskin, Harris H. Agnew Visiting Professor of Dispute Resolution, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Brenda Berlin, Clinical Professor of Law, Duke University School of Law Robert C. Owen, Clinical Professor of Law, Northwestern University George M. Cohen, University of Virginia School of Law Robert E. Hirshon, Frank G. Millard Professor from Practice, University of Michigan Law School Carolyn E. Frazier, Staff Attorney, Bluhm Legal Clinic, Northwestern Pritzker Law Theresa Newman, Duke University School of Law Robert Bennett, Northwestern University School of Law Andrew Koppelman, John Paul Stevens Professor, Northwestern University School of Law Mary Burns Academic Director Children's Law and Policy, Master's Program Loyola University Corboy School of Law Jeffrey Urdangen, Clinical Associate Professor, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Maureen Stratton, Clinical Assistant Professor, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Bernard A. Burk, Visiting Associate Professor of Law, Director, Lawyering Skills Program, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, William H. Bowen School of Law Richard L. Williamson, Professor of Law, University of Miami Allan Horwich, Professor of Practice, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law; Partner, Schiff Hardin LLP Donna Kenton Alan Jay Weisbard, Professor Emeritus, University of Wisconsin Law School *Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Josh Borderud, Director of the Veterans Clinic, Baylor Law School Marla Mitchell-Cichon, Professor Law and Director, Western Michigan University-Cooley Law School Innocence Project. Stephen Wizner, Yale Law School Sally H. Wise, University of Miami Daniel Gandert, Clinical Assistant Professor, Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law Prof. Kenneth S. Gallant, Univ. of Arkansas at Little Rock Bowen School of Law Sherry Kajdan Vetterlein Esquire, Villanova School of Law Adjunct Professor; Principal, GCC Services, LLC Keith A. Findley, Associate Professor, University of Wisconsin Law School Anita Weinberg, Clinical Professor, Loyola University Chicago School of Law Stephen J. Schnably, Professor of Law, University of Miami School of Law Elizabeth Inglehart, Clinical Associate Professor of Law, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Nancy C. Loeb, Assistant Clinical Professor of Law, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Eric Christiansen, Professor of Law, Golden Gate University Kelly Browe Olson, Associate Professor of Law, UA Little Rock Bowen School of Law Wayne Sandholtz, Professor of International Relations and Law, University of Southern California Pamela S. Karlan, Stanford Law School Diana DiGennaro, Director, Pro Bono Program, UC Berkeley School of Law Sara Block, Loyola University Chicago School of Law, Masters of Jurisprudence in Child Law Adjunct Professor; Domestic Violence Project Attorney, Family Defense Center Suzette Malveaux, Professor of Law, Columbus School of Law, The Catholic University of America Karl Lutz, Senior Lecturer, Northwestern Pritzker School of Law Mary B. Culbert, Clinical Professor, Director, Loyola Center for Conflict Resolution Professor Frances Fendler, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Bowen School of Law David M. Shapiro, Clinical Assistant Professor of Law, Pritzker Northwestern School of Law Caroline Mala Corbin, Professor of Law, University of Miami School of Law Walter J Kendall lll, Professor Emeritus, John Marshall Law School Lisa G. Lerman, Professor of Law (retired), The Catholic University of America Philip G Schrag, Delaney Family Professor of Public Interest Law, Georgetown University Jarrod F. Reich, Associate Professor of Legal Research and Writing, Georgetown University Law Center Professor David A. Lipton, School of Law, Catholic University of American Jonah Gelbach, Professor of Law, University of Pennsylvania Law School Wallace Mlyniec, Lupo-Ricci Professor of Law, Georgetown Law Center

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Scott E. Sundby, Professor of Law and Dean's Distinguished Scholar, University of Miami School of Law Marcia Zug, University of South Carolina School of Law Rachel Camp, Visiting Associate Professor Amy Sankaran, Clinical Assistant Professor of Law and Director of Externship and Pro Bono Programs, University of Michigan Law School Alison Flaum, Children & Family Justice Center Judith A.M. Scully, Distinguished Professor of Law, Stetson University College of Law Carolyn B. Ramsey, Professor of Law, University of Colorado Law School Julie Biehl Barbara A. Kahn, J.D. , Assistant Professor, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Donald J. Polden, Professor of Law, Santa Clara University Henry T. Greely, Professor of Law, Stanford University Stacy L. Brustin, Professor Law, The Catholic University of America Stephen L. Pepper, Professor of Law, University of Denver Sturm College of Law Professor Manning G. Warren 111, Harter Chair of Commercial Law, Brandeis School of Law, University of Louisville Angela P. Harris, Professor of Law, University of California – Davis Avis Sanders, Director, Externship Program, American University Washington College of Law Shari Seidman Diamond, Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law and American Bar Foundation Josh Bowers, F. Palmer Weber Professor of Law, University of Virginia School of Law George Rutherglen, University of Virginia School of Law Darryl K. Brown, O.M. Vicars Professor of Law, University of Virginia School of Law Leslie Kendrick, Albert C. Tate Jr. Professor of Law, University of Virginia School of Law Daniel R. Ortiz, Michael J. and Jane R. Horvitz Distinguished Professor of Law, University of Virginia School of Law Anne M. Coughlin, Lewis F. Powell, Jr., Professor of Law, University of Virginia School of Law J.H. (Rip) Verkerke, University of Virginia School of Law George K. Yin, University of Virginia School of Law Brandon Garrett, Professor of Law, University of Virginia School of Law Molly Bishop Shadel, Professor, University of Virginia School of Law Richard Schragger, Perre Bowen Professor of Law, University of Virginia School of Law Deborah Hellman, D. Lurton Massee Professor of Law, University of Virginia School of Law Leah Jackson Teague, Associate Dean, Baylor Law School Carlos Ramos- Gonzalez, Professor of Law, InterAmerican University of Puerto Rico

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Jennifer Leonard, Director, Center on Professionalism, Penn Law School Naomi Mezey, Professor of Law, Georgetown University Joshua Weaver, Baylor Law Elizabeth S. Miller, Professor of Law, Baylor University School of Law Scott Fraley, Director of Legal Writing, Baylor Law School Ron Beal, Baylor Law School Brian J Serr, Professor, Baylor Law School Berkley Knas, Baylor Law School Professor David Swenson, Baylor Law School Jaclyn M. Belczyk, JURIST Research Director, University of Pittsburgh School of Law K. Babe Howell, Professor, CUNY School of Law Andrea Matsuoka, UCLA School of Law Michelle Greenberg-Kobrin, Cardozo Law School Dennis Kim-Prieto, Reference Librarian, Rutgers Law School Peter Edelman, Carmack Waterhouse Professor of Law and Public Policy, Georgetown Law Center Brad Toben Sloan Speck, University of Colorado Law School Tara Casey, University of Richmond School of Law Osamudia James, Professor, University of Miami School of Law Caroline Lee, Associate Professor of Sociology, Lafayette College Jessie K. Finch, PhD; Assistant Professor of Sociology, Stockton University Peter Cleary Yeager, Emeritus professor of Sociology, Boston University Carroll Seron, Professor, University of California, Irvine Leslie Paik, Associate Professor of Sociology, City College and the Graduate Center - CUNY Elizabeth Hoffmann Abigail C. Saguy, UCLA Brett Burkhardt, Assistant Professor of Sociology, Oregon State University Elizabeth Cozzolino Mikaila Mariel Lemonik Arthur, Chair and Associate Professor of Sociology, Rhode Island College Kay Jowers Mark Seidenfeld, Patricia A. Dore Professor of Administrative Law, Florida State University College of Law Eli Wald, Charles W. Delaney Jr. Professor of Law, University of Denver Sturm College of Law

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.* Erin Ryan, Elizabeth C. & Clyde W. Atkinson Professor of Law, Florida State University Professor Anthony V. Alfieri, University of Miami School of Law Avlana K. Eisenberg, Assistant Professor, Florida State University College of Law Elizabeth M. Iglesias Osamudia James, Professor, University of Miami School of Law Tamara Rice Lave, Professor of Law, University of Miami Teresa J Verges, Director, Investor Rights Clinic, University of Miami School of Law Leigh Osofsky Bernard P. Perlmutter, Clinical Professor of Law, University of Miami School of Law Caroline Bettinger-Lopez, Professor, Univ. of Miami School of Law Caroline Mala Corbin, Professor of Law, University of Miami School of Law Sally Wise, University of Miami School of Law Keith S. Rosenn, Professor of Law Emeritus, University of Miami School of Law Peter Nemerovski, Professor of Legal Writing, University of Miami School of Law Rodney Rawls, Esq. University of Miami School of Law

*Signatories sign in their individual capacities only and not as representatives of their institutions. The institutional names are included for identification only.*