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Gender and the Erotics of Nationalism in Ngu˜Gı˜ Wa Thiong'o's Drama
Gender and the Erotics of Nationalism in Ngu˜gı˜ wa Thiong’o’s Drama Evan Maina Mwangi Evan Maina Mwangi is Assistant Professor of English at Northwestern University, where he researches the intersection of nationalism, gender, and sexuality in African literatures and popular culture. He is coauthor (with Simon Gikandi) of The Columbia Guide to East African Literature since 1945 (Columbia University Press, 2007) and the author of Africa Writes Back to Self: Metafiction, Gender, Sexuality (forthcoming, State University of New York Press). His current book project, “(M)Other Tongue Matters: Translation and Gender in Indigenous African Literatures,” focuses on Ngu˜gı˜’s and other writers’ use of sex as a theme and a metaphor in creative works and polemical essays. TDR: The Drama Review 53:2 (T202) Summer 2009. ©2009 90 New York University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Downloaded from http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/dram.2009.53.2.90 by guest on 27 September 2021 Introduction Kenyan author Ngügï wa Thiong’o has been a leading voice in African indigenous-language community theatre for over 30 years. In 1977 his first literary work in Gïküyü, Ngaahika Ndeenda (published in 1980 and translated as I Will Marry When I Want in 1982), coauthored with Ngügï wa Mïriï in collaboration with peasants and workers from their hometown of Limuru, led to his detention without trial by the Kenyan government. This kind of politically engaged performance forms the centerpiece of Ngügï’s artistic production. The influence that -
The Audience: African- Language Writing, Performance, Publishing and the Audience
“Looting killed” the audience: African- language writing, performance, publishing and the audience T.J. Selepe School of Languages Potchefstroom University for CHE (Vaal Triangle Campus) VANDERBIJLPARK E-mail: [email protected] Abstract “Looting killed” the audience: African-language writing, performance, publishing and the audience This article examines the role played by African-language writing, performance and publishing, including critical practice, in the demise of the indigenous audience in African-language literary practice. Using implicit materialism the argument is premised on the developments wrought by the era of Modernism that has lead to a univocal writing of world history, and the era of Postmodernism that has ushered in the era of a multivocal writing of world history. The transition from oral literature to written literature will also be used to advance the argument about the subsequent exclusion of the indigenous African- language audience from literary practice. This exclusion is considered to have a direct bearing on the under-development of African societies. Finally, possible solutions will be sought by revisiting some of the causes that characterize the African language problem as a medium of communication and research. 1. Introduction Language is central to the life of a people, both as carrier and transmitter of the culture of any linguistic community. Essentially, language is a basic tool that particular communities develop to relate to their respective environments, to develop culture and to tell stories in order to make Literator 22(3) Nov. 2001:59-74 ISSN 0258-2279 59 “Looting killed” the audience: African-language writing, performance, publishing … sense of their world. -
Reconstruction in Rwanda Leonce
Reconstruction in Rwanda Leonce Ndikumana PUBLISHED BY THE AFRICAN STUDIES ASSOCIATION |nstJtutJona| Faj|ure and Ethnic Conflicts in Burundi Timothy Longman Empowering the Weak and Protecting the Powerful: The Contradictory Nature of Christian Churches in Central Africa David Newbury Understanding Genocide Kisangani N. F. Emizet Confronting Leaders at the Apex of the State: The Growth of the Unofficial Economy in Congo Book Reviews African Studies Review The Journal of the African Studies Association EDITORS Ralph Faulkingham, University of Massachusetts Mitzi Goheen, Amherst College Editorial Office: African Studies Review Department of Anthropology University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003-4805 voice: 413/545-2065 fax: 413/545-9494 e-mail: [email protected] Office Manager: Rita Reinke Manuscripts and correspondence about them should be sent to the editors. All manuscript submissions must conform to the following conventions: • Submit three copies, typed double-spaced, in a 12 point—or 10 characters per inch— font size. The text should not be longer than 25 pages. • Maps, tables, charts and other illustrations must be camera-ready. • Citations within the text should follow the author-date standard described in chapter 16 of the 14th edition of A Manual of Style (University of Chicago Press, 1993). • Complete bibliographic references to the citations should be provided at the end of the essay in a section entitled "References." The standard is page 648 of the aforemen tioned A Manual of Style. • "Notes" should follow the References. They should be formatted according to the con ventions of A Manual of Style, sections 15.35-15:40. • Manuscripts will be sent to external peer reviewers; include a removable cover page giving essay title, author name and mailing address, fax number and e-mail address, if available; title should be repeated on the first page of text, but the author's name should appear only on the cover page. -
The Thought of Leopold Sedar Senghor
The Journal of Social Encounters Volume 4 Issue 1 Article 6 2020 Hegel’s Philosophy of History-A Challenge to the African Thinker: The Thought of Leopold Sedar Senghor Basile Sede Noujio North Carolina Agricultural and Technological University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/social_encounters Part of the African Studies Commons, and the Peace and Conflict Studies Commons Recommended Citation Sede Noujio, Basile (2020) "Hegel’s Philosophy of History-A Challenge to the African Thinker: The Thought of Leopold Sedar Senghor," The Journal of Social Encounters: Vol. 4: Iss. 1, 57-69. Available at: https://digitalcommons.csbsju.edu/social_encounters/vol4/iss1/6 This Additional Essay is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Journal of Social Encounters by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@CSB/SJU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Journal of Social Encounters Hegel’s Philosophy of History-A Challenge to the African Thinker: The Thought of Leopold Sedar Senghor Basile Sede Noujio North Carolina Agricultural and Technological University Abstract Philosophy of History, as an academic discipline, challenges the choices that we make, motivated by our respective historical circumstances. Hegel considers Africa as an unhistorical continent, whose inhabitants can only be equated to animals or worthless article, bound to remain in slavery and in subhuman conditions. On the other hand, Léopold Sedar Senghor, in his Négritude ideology, portrays the values embedded in the African cultural and traditional practices. The intellectual aptness of the Africans, in this work is manifested in the very ideas of Senghor which we are using to contest those of Hegel. -
African Studies Association 59Th Annual Meeting
AFRICAN STUDIES ASSOCIATION 59TH ANNUAL MEETING IMAGINING AFRICA AT THE CENTER: BRIDGING SCHOLARSHIP, POLICY, AND REPRESENTATION IN AFRICAN STUDIES December 1 - 3, 2016 Marriott Wardman Park Hotel, Washington, D.C. PROGRAM COMMITTEE CHAIRS: Benjamin N. Lawrance, Rochester Institute of Technology William G. Moseley, Macalester College LOCAL ARRANGEMENTS COMMITTEE CHAIRS: Eve Ferguson, Library of Congress Alem Hailu, Howard University Carl LeVan, American University 1 ASA OFFICERS President: Dorothy Hodgson, Rutgers University Vice President: Anne Pitcher, University of Michigan Past President: Toyin Falola, University of Texas-Austin Treasurer: Kathleen Sheldon, University of California, Los Angeles BOARD OF DIRECTORS Aderonke Adesola Adesanya, James Madison University Ousseina Alidou, Rutgers University Souleymane Bachir Diagne, Columbia University Brenda Chalfin, University of Florida Mary Jane Deeb, Library of Congress Peter Lewis, Johns Hopkins University Peter Little, Emory University Timothy Longman, Boston University Jennifer Yanco, Boston University ASA SECRETARIAT Suzanne Baazet, Executive Director Kathryn Salucka, Program Manager Renée DeLancey, Program Manager Mark Fiala, Financial Manager Sonja Madison, Executive Assistant EDITORS OF ASA PUBLICATIONS African Studies Review: Elliot Fratkin, Smith College Sean Redding, Amherst College John Lemly, Mount Holyoke College Richard Waller, Bucknell University Kenneth Harrow, Michigan State University Cajetan Iheka, University of Alabama History in Africa: Jan Jansen, Institute of Cultural -
The Hermeneutical Paradigm in African Philosophy Genesis, Evolution and Issues
Nokoko Institute of African Studies Carleton University (Ottawa, Canada) 2017 (6) The Hermeneutical Paradigm in African Philosophy Genesis, Evolution and Issues Louis-Dominique Biakolo Komo The aim of this reflection is a diachronic analysis and an appreciation of the hermeneutical paradigm in African philosophy. This paradigm raises the problem of the relationship between culture and philosophy and sub- sequently, the problem of the relationship between universality and partic- ularity. In fact, it seems evident that if philosophy is not a cultural product, it is nevertheless a critical reflection which always manifests in its contents a specific cultural and historical experience. Thus, African philosophy nec- essarily evolves within African cultures. Therefore, universality and particu- larity are necessarily connected in the sense that culture manifests human potentialities. If African cultures must be the starting point of African phi- losophy, African philosophers must not forget to engage critically with cul- ture; and that, definitely, it is our historical context that determines the ap- preciation of both our culture and others’. The Hermeneutical Paradigm is one of the most important trends in modern and contemporary African Philosophy. This is due to the fact that philosophy is inherently interpreta- tive. It is the product of language, context, and history, and hence inextricably linked to culture. Culture is the expression of human thought or creativity, as wherever human beings exist, they express their thought in language and culture. It thus becomes absurd to 82 Nokoko 6 2017 affirm that some human beings or human societies, who have their own cultures and languages, do not think. Therefore, one can under- stand the important development that the Hermeneutical Paradigm in African philosophy has taken. -
Gender Balance and the Meanings of Women in Governance in Post-Genocide Rwanda
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Anthropology Faculty Publications Department of Anthropology 2008 Gender Balance and the Meanings of Women in Governance in Post-Genocide Rwanda Jennie E. Burnet Georgia State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/anthro_facpub Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Burnet, Jennie E., "Gender Balance and the Meanings of Women in Governance in Post-Genocide Rwanda" (2008). Anthropology Faculty Publications. 5. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/anthro_facpub/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Anthropology at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Anthropology Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GENDER BALANCE AND THE MEANINGS OF WOMEN IN GOVERNANCE IN POST-GENOCIDE RWANDA JENNIE E. BURNET ABSTRACT Across Africa, many countries have taken initiatives to increase the participation and representation of women in governance. Yet it is unclear what meaning these initiatives have in authoritarian, single-party states like Rwanda. Since seizing power in 1994, the Rwandan Patriotic Front has taken many steps to increase the participation of women in politics such as creating a Ministry of Gender, organizing women’s councils at all levels of government, and instituting an electoral system with reserved seats for women in the national parliament. This article explores the dramatic increase in women’s participation in public life and representation in governance and the increasing authoritarianism of the Rwandan state under the guise of ‘democratization.’ The increased political participation of women in Rwanda represents a paradox in the short-term: as their participation has increased, women’s ability to influence policy-making has decreased. -
The Rwandan Genocide: Combating Stereotypes And
The Rwandan Genocide: Combating Stereotypes and Understanding the Origins Nicola Skakel Senior Honors Thesis Department of History April 9th 2018 Defense Committee: Dr. Susan K. Kent, Department of History, Primary Advisor Dr. Matthew Gerber, Department of History, Honors Council Representative Dr. Paul Shankman, Department of Anthropology, Advisor 1 Introduction On the 7th of April 1994, the small east African country of Rwanda erupted into one of the most deadly and intimate genocides the modern world had ever witnessed. Whilst the western world stood by and watched in just 100 days over 800,000 Rwandans out of a total population of 7 million, were systematically murdered in the most brutal and violent of ways. Those who were targeted made up the country’s minority ethnic group the Tutsis, and moderates from the majority group, the Hutus. For many, the legacy of Rwanda is a monstrous example of extreme pent up ethnic tensions that has its roots in European colonialism. In contrast, I will argue that the events not just of 1994 but also the unrest that proceeded it, arose from a highly complex culmination of long-standing historical tensions between ethnic groups that long pre-dated colonialism. In conjunction, a set of short-term triggers including foreign intervention, civil war, famine, state terrorism and ultimately the assassination of President Habyarimana also contributed to the outburst of genocide in 1994. Whilst it would be easy to place sole responsibility on European colonists for implementing a policy of divide and rule and therefore exacerbating ethnic tensions, it seems to me that genocide is never that cut and dried: it can never be explained by one factor. -
At-Issue African Philosophy and the Lingering Question of Methodology
African Studies Quarterly | Volume 19, Issue 2| May 2020 At-Issue African Philosophy and the Lingering Question of Methodology EMMANUEL IFEANYI ANI Abstract: Since the post-World War II era there has been a lingering controversy about what we should be doing in the name of African philosophy. Whilst some argue that it is the espousing of collective traditional practices, norms and values, others argue that it is the critical argumentation done by individual philosophers on any topic worth philosophical attention. There has been an attempt to forge a compromise in what is called sage philosophy, but there is no guaranteed accuracy in this attempt. My argument is that the debate persists because of a hasty expectation of African philosophy. Secondly, it appears that we cannot avoid argumentation as a methodology in African philosophy, contrary to the position of some supporters of the “ethno” philosophy school. Keywords: African philosophy, African values, post colonialism, ethno philosophy Introduction The way philosophy is produced in Africa will ultimately determine the continent’s contribution to the field. I open the discussion of the question about methodology by outlining the post-World War II period of philosophizing in Africa. This period highlights the disagreement between “ethno” and “professional” philosophers about how we should philosophize in Africa. I outline four points of disagreement between these two schools, and argue that these points of disagreement evidence a hasty expectation of African philosophy at its early stage, of which both parties to the debate are somewhat guilty, especially the ethno philosophy school. I conclude the article by also observing that ethno philosophy prolongs the debate unnecessarily due to the lack of understanding of its supporters of what argumentation really means. -
Transnational Trills in the Africana World
Transnational Trills in the Africana World Transnational Trills in the Africana World Edited by Cheryl Sterling Transnational Trills in the Africana World Series: Studies in African Humanities Edited by Cheryl Sterling This book first published 2019 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2019 by Cheryl Sterling and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-2321-7 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-2321-0 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ................................................................................. viii Contributors ............................................................................................... ix A Note from the Series Editor ................................................................. xiv Introduction ................................................................................................ 1 The Africana Matrix Ideology as Aesthetics Cheryl Sterling Section I - Music and Politics Chapter One .............................................................................................. 22 Rethinking the African Link: Nationalism, Freedom, and Culture in Jazz Signifiers Joseph -
African Literature 6
294 A F R [C A 4. Sheila S. Walker, "Women in the Harrist Movement:' in BennettaJules-Rosette;.i New Religions ofAfrica (Norwood, N.J.: Ablex Publishing Corp., 1979), pp. 5. For a compelling and detailed reading of the evolution of popular theater in Eileen Julien region of Zaire, see Johannes Fabian, Power and Performance: Ethnographic through Proverbial WIsdom and Theater in Shaba, Zaire (Madison: University Press, 1990). African Literature 6. Chris Dunton, "Slapstick in Johannesburg," West Africa, 18-24 Apri11994, 7. Eckhard Breitinger, "Agitprop for a Better World: Development Theater-A Grassroots Theatre Movement," in Raoul Granqvist, ed., Signs and Signals: PEln"I..", "Truth depends not only on who listens but on who speaks." in Africa (Stockholm: UMEA, 1990), pp. 93-120. -Birago Diop 8. For a comprehensive overview of the evolution of the cinema industry in postcolonial Africa, see Manthia Diawara's African Cinema (Bloomington: "Always something new from Africa." sity Press, ] 992). My discussion of the cinema in Africa has drawn heavily from this -Rabelais source. 9. Chris Stapleton and Chris May, African Rock: The Pop Music ofa Continent Dutton, 1990), p. 5. 10. Quoted from John Collins, West African Pop Roots (philadelphia: Temple Press, 1992), p. 91. When most Americans and Europeans use the expression 11. Paul J. Lane, "Tourism and Social Change among the Dogon," African Arts (1988): 66-69, 92. "African literature," what they mean is poetry, plays, and narrative written by Africans in English and French, and SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING perhaps Portuguese. This chapter will focus primarily on these1 texts, sometimes referred to as "Euro-African," which are particularly acces Cole, Herbert M., and Doran H. -
Political Philosophy in Postcolonial Africa: a Critical Examination of The
POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY IN POSTCOLONIAL AFRICA: A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF THE IMPACT OF COLONIALISM AND MILITARY DICTATORSHIPS IN NIGERIA By Lillian Chioma Nwosu Submitted to Central European University School of Public Policy In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Public Policy CEU eTD Collection Supervisor: Daniel Large Author’s declaration: Budapest, Hungary 2020 i Author’s Declaration: I, the undersigned Lillian Chioma Nwosu, hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. To the best of my knowledge this thesis contains no material previously published by any other person except where proper acknowledgement has been made. This thesis contains no material which has been accepted as part of the requirements of any other academic degree or non-degree program, in English or in any other language. This is a true copy of the thesis, including final revisions. Date: June 12, 2020 Name: Lillian Chioma Nwosu CEU eTD Collection Signature: ii Abstract This thesis examines the impact of colonialism and military regimes on the development of political philosophy and government in postcolonial African countries, using Nigeria as a case study. Particularly, it interrogates the nature of the social contract in precolonial times, colonial times, and precolonial times. Using the Women’s War of 1929, it draws a contrast between the nature of the social contract in precolonial and colonial times. This thesis finds that while colonialism eroded the political systems and philosophies of the peoples of precolonial Nigeria, both colonialism and military rule heavily contributed to a strong culture of state authoritarianism, and the social contract was severely weakened by both events.