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The Conversation Between Çré Caitanya Mahäprabhu & Çré Rämänanda Räya Çré Räya RämänandaSaàväda Çré Räya Çréla Kåñëadäsa Kaviräja Gosvämé réla Kåñëadäsa Kaviräja Gosvämé is the humble Ç author of the celebrated Çré Caitanya-caritämåta. He appeared in this world shortly after Lord Caitanya’s divine, manifest pastimes, which he heard about from Çréla Bhaktivedänta Näräyaëa Gosvämé Mahäräja the Lord’s own dear devotees. His account of those pastimes and of the Lord’s precepts is authoritative, n 1921, Çréla Bhaktivedänta Näräyaëa poetic, and laden with the most pristine transcendental Gosvämé Mahäräja, a perfected and pure conceptions. It is thus cherished by devotees, spiritual devoteeI of the Supreme Lord, took birth Tivärépura seekers, and scholars as the pinnacle of devotional in central Bihar, near the sacred Ganges River. In literature and the essence of India’s ancient Vedic 1946, he surrendered his life to his spiritual master, wisdom. Çréla Bhakti Prajïäna Keçava Gosvämé Mahäräja, Çré Räya and deeply embraced his teachings. Then, after only five years, he was awarded the renounced order of life. Rämänanda More than five hundred years ago, the Supreme Now nearly ninety years old, he has circled Lord Çré Caitanya Mahäprabhu sat with His intimate the earth thirty times, spreading Lord Caitanya’s Saàväda devotee Çré Rämänanda Räya on the banks of the river immaculate message of selfless love of God. Godävaré. For the benefit of all living beings, the Lord Simultaneously, he prolifically writes commentaries Chapter Eight of inquired from him about the ultimate goal of life, as if on authentic devotional literatures, thus Çré Caitanya-caritämåta, Madhya-lélä ignorant. expounding the science of pure devotion to the Çré Rämänanda’s initial response did not satisfy Supreme Lord. ÇRÉLA KÅÑËADÄSA KAVIRÄJA GOSVÄMÉ Lord Caitanya, who probed for a deeper answer. Again In his classes, time and again he has taken his and again He rejected the goal Çré Rämänanda put audiences on a journey to the Godävaré River in forth, calling it external. Finally, when Çré Rämänanda South India, recounting this immortal conversation touched upon the natural, eternal religion of the between Lord Caitanya and Rämänanda Räya Commentary by soul, the Lord was somewhat satisfied. His subsequent in such a way as to inspire in his listeners a inquiries continued to depths that astounded and determination to attain the ultimate goal of life. ÇRÉ ÇRÉMAD delighted His devotee, who replied wonderfully to each BHAKTIVEDÄNTA NÄRÄYAËA GOSVÄMÉ MAHÄRÄJA of them. Çré Räya Rämänanda Saàväda ᇹᇺ The Conversation between Çré Caitanya Mahäprabhu & Çré Rämänanda Räya BOOKS BY ÇRÉ ÇRÉMAD BHAKTIVEDÄNTA NÄRÄYAËA GOSVÄMÉ MAHÄRÄJA Arcana-dépikä Çré Dämodaräñöakam Beyond Nérväëa Çré Gauòéya Géti-guccha Çré Bhakti-rasämåta-sindhu-bindu Çré Géta-govinda Çré Bhajana-rahasya Çré Gopé-géta Bhakti-rasäyana Çré Harinäma Mahä-mantra Bhakti-tattva-viveka Çré Navadvépa-dhäma Çré Brahma-saàhitä Çré Prema-sampuöa Controlled by Love Çré Saìkalpa-kalpadrumaù Dämodara-lélä-mädhuré Çré Çikñäñöaka The Essence of Bhagavad-gétä Çré Upadeçämåta Five Essential Essays Çré Vraja-maëòala Parikramä Going Beyond Vaikuëöha Çréla Bhakti Prajïäna Keçava Gosvämé – Guru-devatätmä His Life and Teachings Happiness in a Fools´s Paradise Çrémad Bhagavad-gétä Jaiva-dharma The Butter Thief Çré Manaù-çikñä The Essence of All Advice Pinnacle of Devotion The Nectar of Govinda-lélä Räga-vartma-candrikä The Origin of Ratha-yäträ Çré Prabandhävalé The Way of Love Secret Truths of the Bhägavatam Letters From America Secrets of the Undiscovered Self My Çikñä-guru and Priya-bandhu Çiva-tattva Veëu-géta Çré Camatkära-candrikä Rays of The Harmonist (periodical) For further information, free downloads of all titles, world tour lectures, and more, please visit: www.purebhakti.com ISBN 978-1-935428-16-9 First printing: 2,000 copies © 2009 Gaudiya Vedanta Publications. Some Rights Reserved. Except where otherwise noted, content on this book is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution- No Derivative Works 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/ Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at www.purebhakti.com/pluslicense or write to: [email protected] çré çré guru-gauräìga jayataù Çré Räya Rämänanda Saàväda ᇹᇺ The Conversation between Çré Caitanya Mahäprabhu & Çré Rämänanda Räya Chapter Eight of Çré Caitanya-caritämåta, Madhya-lélä by ÇRÉLA KÅÑËADÄSA KAVIRÄJA GOSVÄMÉ Commentary by ÇRÉ ÇRÉMAD BHAKTIVEDÄNTA NÄRÄYAËA GOSVÄMÉ MAHÄRÄJA vrindavan, uttar pradesh, india Dedicated to my Holy Master çré gauòéya-vedänta-äcärya-kesaré nitya-lélä-praviñöa oà viñëupäda añöottara-çata çré ÇRÉMAD BHAKTI PRAJÏÄNA K EÇAVA GOSVÄMÉ MAHÄRÄJA the best amongst the tenth generation of descendants in the bhägavata-paramparä from Çré Kåñëa Caitanya Mahäprabhu, and the founder of the Çré Gauòéya Vedänta Samiti and its branches throughout the world. Acknowledgements Translation: Çrépada B. V. Dämodara Mahäräja Fidelity and Sanskrit check: Çrépada B. V. Viñëu-daivata Mahäräja Editors: Vicitri däsé, Prabhä däsé Assistant editor: Vaijayanté-mälä däsé Proofreaders: Jänaké däsé, Çänti däsé, Sulatä däsé, and Çyämaräëé däsé Translation assistance: Çrépada B. V. Mädhava Mahäräja, Çrépada B. V. Tértha Mahäräja, Çyämasundara Brahmacäré, Viñëu däsa, Dhéra-kåñëa däsa, Rämacandra däsa, and Vraja-sundaré däsé Layout & Design: Kåñëa-karuëya däsa Front cover drawing: Väsudeva däsa Contents ࣍ ᇹᇺ Introduction ľ xi Maìgaläcaraëa ľ 1 (verse 1) Çré Caitanya Mahäprabhu Meets Rämänanda Räya ľ 9 (verses 2–56) Varëäçrama-dharma ľ 33 (verses 57–58) Offering the Results of One’s Activities to Kåñëa ľ 39 (verses 59–60) Renouncing Occupational Duties ľ 45 (verses 61–63) Bhakti Mixed with Empiric Knowledge ľ 51 (verses 64–65) Bhakti Devoid of Empiric Knowledge ľ 57 (verses 66–67) Prema-bhakti ľ 63 (verses 68–70) Däsya-prema – the love of a servant for Kåñëa ľ 71 (verses 71–73) Sakhya-prema – the love of a friend for Kåñëa ľ 77 (verses 74–75) Vätsalya-prema – the love of a parent for Kåñëa ľ 83 (verses 76–78) Käntä-prema – the love of a beloved for Kåñëa ľ 91 (verses 79–96) Rädhä-prema – Çré Rädhä’s love for Kåñëa ľ 109 (verses 97–132) Kåñëa-tattva ľ 129 (verses 133–148) Rädhä-tattva ľ 147 (verses 149–180) Contents ࣍ ᇹᇺ Prema-tattva ľ 167 (verses 181–184) Viläsa-tattva ľ 169 (verses 185–194) Under the Guidance of the Sakhés ľ 183 (verses 195–243) Questions and Answers What is the topmost knowledge? 207 (verse 244) What is the most glorious act? ľ 209 (verse 245) What is the greatest treasure? ľ 218 (verse 246) What is the greatest distress? ľ 219 (verse 247) Who is truly liberated? ľ 220 (verse 248) What is the greatest song? ľ 221 (verse 249) What is the most beneficial activity? ľ 223 (verse 250) Who should the living entity remember at every moment? ľ 224 (verse 251) What is the most important meditation? ľ 226 (verse 252) Where should one reside? ľ 227 (verse 253) What is the best topic to hear? ľ 228 (verse 254) What is the most worshipable object? ľ 229 (verse 255) What is the fate of those desiring liberation and those desiring sense gratification? ľ 231 (verses 256–260) The Final Evening ľ 235 (verses 261–312) ᇹᇺ Introduction ࣍ [to the first Hindi edition] t is a matter of great joy that today, by the causeless mercy and Iinspiration of my most revered spiritual master, oà viñëupäda añöottara-çata çré Çrémad Bhakti Prajïäna Keçava Gosvämé Mahäräja, this commentary known as Sajjana-toñaëé on Çré Räya Rämänanda Saàväda is being presented as a separate book for the faithful readers. Çré Räya Rämänanda Saàväda (the conversation between Çré Caitanya Mahäprabhu and Çré Räya Rämänanda) is one of the most shining treasures within the Çré Caitanya-caritämåta, written by Çréla Kåñëadäsa Kaviräja. Indeed, it is like the Kaustubha-maëi, the most brilliant jewel adorning the neck of Çré Kåñëa Himself. Çré Caitanya- caritämåta is a most unprecedented, gem-like literature containing the siddhänta (transcendental conclusions) of pure devotion. With regards to this, the most respected Çréla Narottama däsa Öhäkura has written the following: kåñëadäsa kaviräja, rasika bhakata-mäjha, jeìho kailä caitanya-carita gaura-govinda-lélä, çunite galaye çilä, tähäte nä haila mora cita Prärthanä (2) “Çréla Kåñëadäsa Kaviräja is an exceptionally high-class devotional poet. He is also bhävuka, one who is immersed in experiencing the more elevated expressions of divine love. He has composed the unprecedented sacred texts, Çré Caitanya-caritämåta, which describes the pastimes of Çré Gauräìga, and Çré Govinda-lélämåta, which depicts the pastimes of Çré Govinda. Both of these books, being crown jewels of transcendental literature, are the best of all contributions.” xi ᇹᇺ Çré Räya Rämänanda Saàväda Çrémad-Bhägavatam, the king of devotional literature and the essence of all Vedänta, is considered to be the birthplace of çuddha-bhakti (pure devotion) and it was revealed to Bhagavän Çré Kåñëa-dvaipäyana Vedavyäsa during his devotional trance. Similarly, the two above- mentioned books by Çréla Kåñëadäsa Kaviräja Gosvämé are also acknowledged as the very essence of Veda, Vedänta, the Puräëas, and all historical records. Full of humility, Çréla Kåñëadäsa Kaviräja writes in Çré Caitanya- caritämåta: ei grantha lekhäya more ‘madana-mohana’ ämära likhana yena çukera paöhana sei likhi, madana-gopäla ye likhäya käñöhera
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    District Sl No Name Post Present Place of Posting Bankura 1 BISWAJIT CHARAN DPC C.M.O.H. Office, Bankura Bankura 2 TARAPADA PAL DAM C.M.O.H. Office, Bankura Bankura 3 MRITYUNJAY GHOSH DSM C.M.O.H. Office, Bankura Bankura 4 SABITA SANKAR MANDAL Account Assistant C.M.O.H. Office, Bankura Bankura 5 DEBASISH DUTTA Computer Assistant C.M.O.H. Office, Bankura Bankura 6 SAMIK SHANNIGRAHI AE C.M.O.H. Office, Bankura Bankura 7 BIPUL DE SAE C.M.O.H. Office, Bankura Bankura 8 RABILOCHAN SINGHA BABU Driver C.M.O.H. Office, Bankura Bankura Sammilani Medical Bankura 9 RAJU PAL Account Personel College & Hospital Bankura 10 SOMNATH KARMAKAR Account Personel Khatra Sub Div. Hospital Bankura 11 PRASHANTA DAS Account Personel Bishnupur Sub Div. Hospital Bankura 12 Dr. Kamal Kr. Dutta GDMO detailed at Hizaldiha PHC Bankura 13 Dr. Madan Mohan Ghosh GDMO detailed at Saldiha PHC Bankura 14 Dr. Sandip Kundu GDMO Sonamukhi RH Bankura 15 Dr. Duksha Bhanjan Rajak GDMO Radhanagar BPHC Bankura 16 Dr. Bikalanga Mondal, GDMO Ranibandh BPHC Bankura 17 Dr. Anish Mondal GDMO detailed at Panchal PHC Haludkanali PHC under Bankura 18 Dr. Ramananda Mandal, GDMO Ranibandh BPHC Bankura 19 Dr. Kalimul Haque GDMO Godardihi PHC Ramharipur PHC under Bankura 20 Dr. Sourav Chakraborty GDMO Amarkanan Bhora PHC under Bankura 21 Dr. Debendra Nath Kisku, GDMO Radhanagar BPHC Beniabaid PHC under Simla Bankura 22 Dr. Arup Mondal GDMO (Khatra) Beliatore PHC under Barjora Bankura 23 Dr. Sourav Chatterjee, GDMO BPHC Lego PHC under Amjhuri Bankura 24 Dr. Ajoy Laskar GDMO BPHC Laksmisagar PHC under Bankura 25 Dr.
  • The Sikh Foundations of Ayurveda

    The Sikh Foundations of Ayurveda

    Asian Medicine 4 (2008) 263–279 brill.nl/asme The Sikh Foundations of Ayurveda Neil Krishan Aggarwal Abstract This paper explores how Sikh scriptures establish a unique claim to Ayurvedic knowledge. After considering Ayurvedic creation myths in the classical Sanskrit canon, passages from Sikh liturgi- cal texts are presented to show how Ayurveda is refashioned to meet the exigencies of Sikh theol- ogy. The Sikh texts are then analysed through their relationship with general Puranic literatures and the historical context of Hindu-Sikh relations. Finally, the Indian government’s current propagation of Ayurveda is scrutinised to demonstrate its affiliation with one particular religion to the possible exclusion of others. The Sikh example provides a glimpse into local cultures of Ayurveda before the professionalisation and standardisation of Ayurvedic practice in India’s post-independence period and may serve as a model for understanding other traditions. Keywords Ayurveda, Hindu and Sikh identity, Sanskritisation, Dasam Granth, Udasis, Sikhism Scholars of South Asia who study Ayurveda have overwhelmingly concen- trated on the classical Sanskrit canon of Suśruta, Caraka, and Vāgbhata.̣ This paper departs from that line of inquiry by examining the sources for a Sikh Ayurveda. Sikh religious texts such as the Guru Granth Sahib and the Dasam Granth contest the very underpinnings of Ayurveda found in Sanskrit texts. Historical research suggests that the Udāsī Sikh sect incorporated these two scriptures within their religious curriculum and also spread Ayurveda throughout north India before the post-independence period. The rise of a government-regulated form of Ayurveda has led to the proliferation of pro- fessional degree colleges, but the fact that Udāsī monasteries still exist raises the possibility of a continuous medical heritage with its own set of divergent practices.
  • Guru Nanak's Life and Legacy

    Guru Nanak's Life and Legacy

    G.S. Mann: Guru Nanak’s Life and Legacy 3 Guru Nanak’s Life and Legacy: An Appraisal Gurinder Singh Mann University of California, Santa Barbara _____________________________________________________ Taking W.H. McLeod’s Guru Nanak and the Sikh Religion as a point of departure, this essay examines the previous generation’s understanding of Guru Nanak’s life and mission and expands upon it in light of empirical evidence culled from early contemporary sources. By questioning McLeod’s arguments regarding the paucity of general historical information about Guru Nanak’s life and his close participation in the Sant community of poets such as Kabir and Ravidas, this essay argues that the Guru founded a new community replete with a distinct set of beliefs and institutional structures. While scholars have tended to focus on the upper caste Hindu background of Guru Nanak, very little attention has been directed towards articulating the social demographics of this new community, which were overwhelmingly drawn from nomadic and low-caste Hindu society. _____________________________________________________ Guru Nanak (1469–1539), the founder of the Sikh community, is a subject of perennial interest for the Sikhs and their scholars, and a quick look at any bibliography on the subject would reflect the range and the depth of writings available on various aspects of his life and teachings. Given his relatively recent dates, there is a wide variety of sources available about his life and mission (Jagat nistaran).1 These comprise texts, including his poetic compositions and the writings of his immediate successors and early followers; sites such as Talwandi, the place of his birth, and Kartarpur (The Town of the Creator), the center he established; and two known artifacts associated with his life.2 These sources provide primary information for a scholarly reconstruction of the Guru’s life.
  • Private Autonomous Colleges Rankings 2020-21 India’S Top-Ranked Private Autonomous Colleges League Table

    Private Autonomous Colleges Rankings 2020-21 India’S Top-Ranked Private Autonomous Colleges League Table

    Cover Story EW India Private Autonomous Colleges Rankings 2020-21 India’s top-ranked private autonomous colleges league table ank R Rank AL SCORE (700) AL F 2019* T R esearch (400) ompetence of faculty urriculum & pedagogy eadership/ governance R 2018 2019 2020 C (200) Faculty welfare & development (100) C (100) Placement (100) Infrastructure and facilities (100) L quality (100) NI TO 4 4 1 St. Xavier’s College, Mumbai 181 92 87 91 87 92 630 96 10 7 2 St. Joseph’s College, Bangalore 180 89 86 89 89 88 621 101-150 14 14 3 Madras Christian College, Chennai 177 87 85 90 90 87 616 13 12 10 4 Mount Carmel College, Bangalore 176 87 84 88 85 85 605 NR 18 9 5 Mithibai College, Mumbai 174 86 85 87 81 84 597 151-200 81 17 5 RA Podar College of Commerce & Economics, Mumbai 174 85 83 85 84 86 597 NR 49 30 6 St. Ann’s College for Women, Hyderabad 173 85 82 84 84 86 594 NR 14 15 6 St. Xavier’s College, Kolkata 175 84 81 85 84 85 594 NR NR NR 7 Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, Kochi 172 84 84 76 91 77 584 36 17 15 7 St. Francis College for Women, Hyderabad 172 83 81 84 86 78 584 95 9 6 8 Loyola College, Chennai 173 82 79 79 83 80 576 6 29 11 9 Loyola Academy Degree and PG College, Hyderabad 168 81 78 77 86 78 568 101-150 NR NR 10 Andhra Loyola College, Vijayawada 166 79 79 81 83 77 565 45 NR NR 11 PB Siddhartha College of Arts & Science, Vijayawada 167 78 75 72 83 74 549 NR NR NR 12 Chinthalapati Satyavathi Devi St.