The Ewish Fifty Cents

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The Ewish Fifty Cents SHEVAT 5730 /JANUARY 1970 VOLUME VI, NUMBER 5 THE EWISH FIFTY CENTS Graphic by Siegmund Forst Questions ... Questions ... And No Answers THE JEWISH QBSERVER In this issue ... QuEsTioNs ... QuESTIONs ... AND No ANSWERS, Siegmund Forst ..................................................................................... 3 THE EDITOR TAKES LEAVE .............................................................................. 11 THE JEWISH OBSERVER is published EXPERIENCING ERETZ YrsROH, Yaakov Jacobs .............................. 13 monthly, except July and Aug~st, by the Agudath Israel of Amenc:i, 5 Beekman Street, New York, New York 10038. Second class THE ENCOUNTER BETWEEN AGUDAH IDEOLOGY AND postage paid at New York, N. Y. Subscription: $5.00 per year; Two AMERICAN REALITY, A SYMPOSIUM: years, $8.50; Three years, $12.00; outside of the United States, $6.00 per year. Single copy, fifty cents. INTRODUCTION, Leo Levi .................................................................. 17 Printed in the U.S.A. THE THEME IN PERSPECTIVE, Yaakov Weinberg......... 18 RABBI YAAKOV JACOBS Editor THE NEXT STAGE, Nathan Bulman ....................................... 21 Editorial Board DR. ERNEST L. BODENHEIMER SELF-PROTECTION ..• OR ENCOUNTER?, Yechiel Perr 22 Chairman RABBI NATHAN BULMAN UNDERSTANDING JEWISH HISTORY, Murray Friedman.................. 24 RABBI JOSEPH ELIAS JOSEPH FRIEDENSON RABBI MOSHE SHERER CHASSIDUS AND "SCHOLARSHIP", Yaakov Jacobs........................... 27 THE JEWISH OBSERVER does not assume responsibility for the SECOND LOOKS AT THE JEWISH SCENE: Kashrus of any product or service advertised in its pages. ON JEWISH GOBLINS ........................................................................... 29 JAN. 1970 VoL. Vl, No. 5 Siegmund For.Jt Questions ... Questions ... And No Answers We believe that the following article is among the this here to the best of our ability; but because of the most significant we have been privileged to publish in complex issues discussed, we urge the reader to read these pages. Mr. Forst ranges over a broad canvas: carefully, and to re-read-an experience which we the major intellectual and theological concerns which feel certain will be amply rewarded. Mr. Forst is a perplex the entire world; the upheaval in art and litera­ free-lance artist and writer. He has contributed signi­ ture which mirrors contemporary concerns; the rela­ ficant papers to various volumes of The Jewish Library, tionship of Orthodox Jewry to non-Orthodox institu­ a pioneering effort in the expression of Torah ideology, tions; and the role of Israel upon the world scene today. edited by Rabbi Leo Jung, and soon to be re-issued by It is an editor's responsibility to present each article the Soncino Press of London. To our pages, Mr. Forst in such a manner that the reader l1'ill have the least contributed: "Who's Afraid-Me?" (April '65); and difficulty in reading and understanding, hoping that the "Biographical Fragments and Aspects of the Life of reader lVill meet the author part way. We have done · Michael B. Weissmandl" (June '65). Things have happened and continue to happen in our time for which there is no precedent in the history of mankind; and they have radically and irrevocably changed the condition of man. The ever-shortening intervals between successive major happenings bring to mind the increasing acceleration of a falling object. Since Hiroshima, the age of explosions has set in. We speak of the Population Explosion, the Sex Explosion, the Freedom Explosion, and the Space Explosion, as if these phenomena in their inherent destructiveness were terms of reference in the relation between man and world. The utter absurdity of man's condition today can be seen in a baffling contradiction between the physical and the spiritual and the simultaneity of opposing phenomena. There is on the one hand, the technological materialism which has conditioned Western man since the time of the Industrial Revolution and is now spreading over the whole globe; and there is on the other hand, a constantly growing manifestation of its absolute rejection. Technology as reason geared to practicability, unfolds itself in a functionality with no reasonable motive and purpose outside itself. That self-propelled dynamic functionalism expanding over the globe and beyond, appears simultaneously with a vehemently rebellious withdrawal which amounts to a revulsion against the Western self and an alteration of consciousness. Simultaneously with the expansion of the world goes the painful awareness of its closing in on us, to use a metaphor of C. P. Snow. The Jewish Observer I January, 1970 3 The mood of a generation is not expressed in its "silent majority." Static masses do not create ideas and revolutions. It is rather the 20% of college students in the United States who use drugs who are motivated-and not the others--to rebel against a curriculum irrelevant to the realities of life. An educational system concerned with how to make a living instead of how to live, cannot make sense in a time when life itself cowers under a huge questionmark. The epistomological problem of education has become thus a moral issue and has led to questioning the entire premise of understanding by means of description, and of truth as synonymous with a scientific reality whose validation lies in its function as operative practicality. All this must be a bloody absurdity because it is just those practical people who now drag man into apparently inevitable doom. The Freedom Explosion-seen in this light-which has moved Western society on a way towards the abyss of a fantastic moral collapse is the spiritual equivalent of physical destruction which looms over our days. In one case it is the smashing of the atom by freeing it from the power which held it together; in the second case it is the dissolution of a culture by freeing it from its inherent contents. People are instinctively aware that the continuous increase in nuclear armaments and the progressive sophistication of weapons of destruction are endangering their physical existence on a global scale. One has only to read the Proceedings of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute to learn by facts and figures the incessant preparations of the two super powers to a point from where there is no return. The notion of a "Balance of Terror" appears to be antiquated; negotiations to be exercises in futility; and there is just the drive to be the first to strike the one decisive blow. The average man cannot understand why things must take that course, dictated by a few, with such apparent inevitability. The educational outlook of youth had been geared to a stability of order, and change was only its medium; now change, per se has become the overriding purpose and disorder is the medium to survive the order. Change does therefore not mean the substitution of one order by another, but it means essentially, destruction of forms with pseudo-contents of dangerous nonsense. Forms must be destroyed by a manifestation of non-sense against pseudo-sense and an outrageous display of irreality against an illusory reality. Destruction of forms means freedom from everything and before it 4 The Jewish Observer / January, 1970 is completely and radically achieved, the drug secures at least freedom from one's own tortured self and-in Kafka's phrase-the "horror of life." The precarious balance of man's physical being and non-being is mirrored in art and literature in expressions aimed at profound nothingness. Samuel Beckett, one of the most significant writers of our time, bearing its stigmata, (he recently was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature) has come closest to the fundamentals of the issue in his Endgame and Waiting for Godot. "Beckett has gone to the root of Nihilism in our time, to the question of Being and Nothingness, of Death, and has imagined the ineluctable form of dissolution. He touches the deepest aspirations of the age by touching on its darkest dread." (Ihab Hassen in The Literature of Silence). Beckett's work has been described as an attempt "to talk himself and the whole of human culture into a nothingness" and "the ambition of putting a stop to the whole history of human thought hitherto, which he sees as a long train of error." One sees it in the asymetrical forms in music and the dissolution of harmony into a tortured shrillness of unrelated sounds, preventing predictability and aiming at the existential "sound of the moment." Also of significance in this respect is the great interest in exotic rhythm which leads nowhere but repeats itself in space with no progression. The dissolution of form in painting has been started in a spectacular way by the systematic distortions by Picasso and led over the spilled-paint canvasses of Pollock to the black pictures of Reinhardt who represents in painting a striking equivalent of Beckett in literature. It is "the choice of non-being, to escape the anxiety of being," as the theologian Tillich has put it. The attempts to create a new optical and tonal vocabulary are highly significant absurdities of existence and a rebellion against the "tyranny of things seen" and heard. It is a shock treatment to which art subjects itself and man, in order to obliterate the distinction between normalcy and abnormalcy. It is a desperate attempt to reject reality by changing it, just as use of LSD is a way to distort normal vision by distorting man's senses. These are documents perceived through the eye or the ear, containing a message of a sudden change of man vis-a-vis his world; they are memoranda of a revolution of the spirit. This totality of reaction corresponds to a totality of a global situation. The lelt>ish Observer I January, 1970 5 Political, economic, social and spiritual forces have become mutually genetic and race simultaneously towards their peak. Modern man, wherever he finds himself, is growing out of isolated patterns of individual consciousness and he is conscious of himself now in terms of this Western Civilization which in its totality is approaching its moment of truth.
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