Garrett Biblical Institute, Evanston, Illinois

THE ASCENDING SCALE OF LOYALTIES

By EDMUND D. SOPER

Josiah Royce, in his Philosophy of Loyalty, personality within which has certain rights, 111- declares that loyalty is the fundamental virtue of violable even to the Highest himself. them all. Without it individual life is barren and social life chaotic. It is the cement which holds Every loyalty, except the highest, has its limits, society together, it is the quality which unifies frontiers where it comes into contact with other individual character. It scarcely needs definition; loyalties which also carry obligations. There is in life we all know what it means to be loyal. It pre- an ascending scale, or hierarchy, of loyalties, and it is supposes society, for we must be loyal to some- as necessary to keep our perspective right with re- body, but it does something for the individual him- spect to loyalties as it is to be loyal to anyone of the self which is the foundation of all that he is and objects of loyalty. No loyalty is absolute. Within does, and so, paradoxically, I begin with a loyalty the scale each must keep its appropriate place. which is turned in on itself but without which Loyalty to wife and home. The possibility of hav- there can be little or no significance in the other ing a home at all lies in loyalty; without it men loyalties. and women may live in houses but they do not have a home, based on the loyalty of one man and Loyalty to self, which expresses itself in self- one woman to each other and to their children and respect, is the first quality of manhood wherever to those who are dependent on them. The family it is found. The second of the fundamental laws is the primal form of social organization and it Jesus quoted from the Old Testament and made remains primary today. On it every other form his own is very familiar, "Thou shalt love thy of social organization depends. Here is where the neighbor as thyself." "As thyself," catch the sig- lessons of loyalty, loyalty to one's self among them. nificance of that; the standard of reference by are learned if they are ever learned at all. Here which we are to judge our humanitarianism is the is where the discipline of life takes place. Friend- quality and depth of regard, may I say reverence, ship and love are made up partly of pleasure and for ourselves. Self-respect involves certain rights. joy, but without discipline, the give-and-take of There is the right to privacy, that is, to physical every-day life, the bearing and forbearing which self-respect; the right to one's own opinions, in- are always to be found when two people live to- tellectual self-respect; the right to follow the dic- gether successfully, life fails of its purpose. Disci- tates of one's own conscience, moral self-respect, pline is always necessary, but underlying this disci- the right to call God one's own Father, religious pline and making it possible must be a deep and self-respect. Self-respect involves not only certain abiding loyalty. It is a matter of the will as well rights and privileges; it has obligations. Loyalty as of the emotions. We cannot depend, in so far- to myself demands that I shall really respect my- reaching and deep a relation as marriage, on feel- self and have regard for the things which concern ings alone. And yet without love, yes romantic my best interests. It involves the obligation to love, one is not likely to choose to take upon him- treat my body, mind, conscience and my spiritual self a loyalty. This loyalty is different from the nature as values which I must cherish, as some- others in that it is entered upon voluntarily. That thing even sacred. "Behold, J stand at the door very fact makes it significant, calling out all the and knock; if any man hear my voice and open nobility in man and woman in a union which is the door, I will come in to him and will sup with recognized by a society and the state as binding him and he with me." He does not force his way and yet one which is freely chosen and which in, but stands on the outside out of respect to the might have been avoided. But once entered into, 2 THE GARRETT TOWEP January. 1939 it demands all the loyal love and consideration Frances Atchinson Terry which human nature can command and which lasts "until death us do part." A hundred years ago a young man. leaving the more settled section of N ew York state where his When all has been said which should be said on forbears had lived, went to hew for himself a the virtue of loyalty to wife, to children, to the farm out of the lands which that great state still old folks at home, a danger begins to show its head had to give to her sons. He took his young bride which becomes very real and menacing as its true to the log cabin which he had built for use until lineaments show themselves. Whenever loyalty to such time as he might rear a better house. Before home crowds out other loyalties in the ascending that house was built his first born came. Frances scale, it loses its luster. One of Jesus' hardest say- Atchinson. On that farm in Delaware County she ings is, "If any man come to me, and hate not his lived until, as a young woman of 23, she married father, and mother, and wife, and children, and the Reverend Milton S. Terry, little older than brethren, and sisters, yea, and his own life also, she but already beginning to attract attention be- he cannot be my disciple." There is more than a cause of his gifts, and able now to take his bride hint coming out of the seventeenth century from to the important church at Delhi, the Delaware Richard Lovelace, "I could not love thee, dear, County seat. so much, Lov'd I not honour more." Pride in The little lady of slight body but eager, active, family, blood, race, have ravaged human life and and indomitable spirit was quite equal to the new spoiled the relations of men as few things have. responsibilities, even when they brought her in time to the larger churches in the towns along the With all that we look for in years to come in Hudson and in New York City to which Milton internationalism, it would be in my mind a calamity Terry was sent. Her life. falls into four fairly if the distinctions and differences between nations equal parts: 23 years at home, twenty years as a did not continue to exist. Each people and nation pastor's wife, thirty years in Evanston while her must be allowed to preserve its individuality both husband taught at Garrett, and nearly 25 years for its own sake and for the sake of the world. more in Evanston after Dr. Terry's death. For it Its life must continue to express its own traditions was on a second honeymoon in California after and attitudes and customs and even its odd little their golden wedding anniversary that Dr. Terry ways. It must also be allowed to make its own quietly passed away, having preached his last unique contribution to the life of the other nations. sermon only the day before. An arid uniformity would be intolerable. Unique- ness demands a certain amount of separation; it Mrs. Terry slipped away just as quietly. Her ninety-seventh birthday was on October first. Until undoubtedly demands freedom and independence, ten days before her death she was just as ready for only a free people can come to its own best in any feature of its life. We have our American for church or social gatherings as ever. Then a dream-we are incorrigible dreamers despite what slight cold came, graver conditions developed, and people say of our materialism and preoccupation the body could no more respond to the eager, with money. Yes, the dream that every man and active spirit that had ruled it so long. Even so, woman, every boy and girl, should be given an when a night nurse had to be called in a couple equal chance to develop all there is in him. We of days before the end, she was surprised and have neglected it, we have run counter to it, we entertained to find this frail patient ready for have at times, as James Truslow Adams has said, acquaintance and conversation, offering some re- almost forgotten it, but there it is. mark about the British situation and conditions in Sweden. But, my friends, look at the world today. It is So, fittingly, early on Christmas morning- she suffering more from over-emphasis on nationalism fell asleep. Her devoted daughter, Miss Minnie than from any other of its ailments. As Lord Terry, a son, Professor Arthur Guy Terry of Lothian puts it, "The root cause of these disorders Northwestern University, and two grandchildren has been the anarchy of national sovereignties." survive her. . H. F. R. And national sovereignty has taken the form of the Totalitarian State. It sets itself up as an abso- lute and usurps the place of God in human life. Alice Belt Soper And men and women are giving themselves to When I was pastor at First Church, Baltimore, these pseudo-absolutes, these man-made absolutes I knew Alice Belt Soper as a student at Goucher in nation after nation today. Nothing just like it College. The friendship lasted through the years. can be found on the pages of human history. It is Since that time in all the various positions to which not only a demand made with rigorous insistence Dr. Soper went-at Northwestern University, as by the totalitarian governments but an acquiescence Dean at Duke University, as President of Ohio which in millions of cases seems to be complete Wesleyan, as well as in his earlier work as pro- and free. What we see before our eyes provides fessor at Ohio Wesleyan and at Drew, she was ample evidence that the human heart craves lovalty, the sympathetic, understanding, and helpful asso- a loyalty that is final and complete, which can be ciate in the many responsibilities that came with accepted unquestioningly and which demands, it these varied situations. may be, unheard-of devotion and sacrifice. Her friends who had known her in the earlier (C ontinued on page 4) days at Evanston looked forward to her return, January, 1939 THE GARRETT TOWER 3 and the Garrett family had a warm welcome await- work in the Methodist and Baptist denominations, ing her. That was not to be and so she passed will collaborate in offering a course on the Rural from this life October 27th. Our hearts go out in Church. Dr. William H. Stacy, rural sociologist deepest sympathy to Dr. Soper, with the prayer in extension service at the Iowa State College of that the Goel of all grace and comfort may be with Agriculture, will teach a course on the Rural Com- him. H. F. R. munity. Those enrolled in this school may sub- stitute without extra expense one of the courses in the regular summer school curriculum, which The Summ.er Term, June 13 to July 14 will also offer academic credit. Inform your friends, no matter what their de- The Garrett summer term of 1939 looks exceed- nomination, of this school and invite them to share ingly attractive, It will be a five-week term, the in it. The fees for the rural school are the same first class coming at 7 :30 o'clock on Tuesday as in the regular Garrett summer term. However, morning and the last closing at noon Friday. This a few scholarships are being offered by several arrangement makes it possible for ministers in denominations, to those who first qualify, to cover nearby stales to return to their charges over the a part of the fees. Kindly send the names of per- week-end. sons interested in either Garrett summer school Garrett is particularly proud of the faculty to the Garrett office, and bulletins will be mailed which has been secured. Dr. Georgia Harkness of to them. Mt, Holyoke will teach a course on Personal Re- ligion; Professor Robert Morss Lovett, one of the greatest teachers of English literature, will have In That Case a class on Literature and Religion; Dean Carl Knopf of the University of Southern California Edited by Murray H. Leiffer. Willett, Clark & Co., School of Religion will offer a course in the Old Chicago, pp. 156. $2.00. Testament. The courses offered in the interde- Following closely upon the publication of his im- nominational school for rural pastors will run con- portant book, City and Churcli ·in Transition, Prof. currently and will be open to all regular students. Murray H. Leiffer of Garrett Biblical Institute, as Additional courses will be offered by some mem- the editor, now gives us another first class volume bers of the Garrett faculty: Dr. Rall and Dr. in the field of church life. Whitchurch (Theology), Dr. Schermerhorn (Mis- The plan of this book, In That Case, is different. sions), Dr. Minear- (New Testament), Dr. Leiffer An opening chapter by the editor on "The Minister, (The Urban Church). A Leader of People" states briefly but clearly the The cost for a summer term at Garrett is re- assets and handicaps of a minister in his relation- markably low. Dormitory and tuition fees will ships to people. The remainder of the volume amount to only $27.50. A meal ticket for all meals centers around fifty specimen problems of church during the entire period can be secured for $22.50, life. These problems include those of personal making the total cost for a five-week period of counselling, dealing with lay leaders, church finance, mental stimulation and fellowship a flat fifty within and between church organizations, those be- dollars. tween churches, and those arising in relations be- tween the church and the community. The selec- tion shows good judgment in choosing wisely from Interdenominational School a very large supply. for Rural Pastors To give answers to these problems ten highly Garrett is again pioneering. Its faculty has long effective Protestant ministers of greatly varied ap- recognized the need for more specialized work to proach and ability were chosen. In addition to two assist men who are serving the rural church. It Evanstonians, Dr. Ernest Fremont Tittle and Dr. was with this in mind that a small publication, Hugh Elmer Brown, we find such men as Dr. Ed- The Rural Church, edited by Dr. Leiffer and Clare ward Scribner Ames, Dr. Herbert L. Willett, Dr. B. Hewitt, was launched in December. Garrett is Bernard C. Clausen, and Bishop I van Lee Holt. now initiating a further service for the rural Each problem is given an answer by two of these church. It will offer this summer for the first time men. Usually the answers given are different, oc- a five-week graduate school for rural ministers. casionally they are contradictory. The Committee on Town and Country of the The result is an excellent setting forth of the Home Missions Council and the Federal Council major types of problems associated with a church of Churches, and the Rural Life Commission of and the assembling of an unusual amount of rich the Illinois Church Council are joining Garrett in and ripe experience in successfully dealing with sponsoring this school, which will run concurrently such problems. An enjoyable and equally valuable with the regular Garrett summer term, June 13th contribution of this work is the glimpses it gives of to July 14th. these men, not on the platform speaking, but in Two specialized courses, each carrying one major their studies wrestling with the complicated details (three sem. hrs.) credit are being offered. Dr. of parish life. It is not easy to imagine how a more Mark A. Dawber, executive secretary of the Home helpful and stimulating volume in this important Missions Council, Dr. A. H. Rapking and Dr. field could be planned. Mark Rich, executive secretaries in charge of rural RAY E. ROND. 4 THE GARRETT TOWER January, 1939

Paul Vincent Clements was mar- '36. To ::''1r. and Mrs. Herman U. ~he ried to Miss Alice Geneva Bittner of Smith on July 26, a boy, Francis Solon, Iowa, September 15, at St. Eugene. GARRETT TOWER Paul's Church, Cedar Rapids, Iowa. '38. To1'1r. and Mrs. Herbert E. Boyd, Clarks Mills, Pa., on Decem- Published by Garrett Biblical Institute AN INVITATION ber 26, a daughter. Evanston, Ill. ACCEPTED '38. To Ml'. and Mrs. David F. Entered as second class matter at the Leslie Ross and Joe BelJ, members Barker on N overnber 23, a girl, Mary postoffice at Evanston, Illinois, under of the Garrett student body, were in Alice. the act of March 3, 1879 New York City, November 12-16, at- '38. To }ill'. and 11rs. Cedric Powell, Allerton, Ill., on December 22, Editor: Irl Goldwin Whitchurch. tending two meetings in connection with the Board of Foreign Missions a boy, William Harry. Associated Editors: Harris Franklin of the Methodist Church. They were Rall, A. W. Nagler, Esther Bjorn- there as members of the Executive THE ASCENDING SCALE berg. Committee of the National Council of Assistant Editors: Almon Moon, Methodist Youth, upon personal invi- OF LOYALTIES Leslie J. Ross, Kenneth W. Bell. tation from the Board of Foreign (Continued from page 2) Published four times a year: Novem- Missions. For two days the members Where have such tendencies mani- ber, January, April and July. Sub- of the Executive Committee and the fested themselves? In Germany, scription price, sixty-five cents the Staff of the Board met together for where the price of disloyalty is exile, year, one dollar for two years. discussion of problems of Youth and the concentration camp, and, what is Missions. Following this, the young almost as hard to endure, the opposi- ANNUAL RETREAT people participated in all the meetings tion of social disapproval. It is not The Garrett Retreat will be held and activities of the annual meeting the Germany of Ewald' and Deis- Wednesday, Feb. 8th. Arrangements of the Board of Foreign Missions. mann, but the Germany where aca- are now under way to secure promi- One of the members of the Youth demic liberty no longer exists, the nent speakers, and details are being Executive Committee, Miss Grace rights of a free press and free as- worked out. Final announcement will Demetriades of Baltimore, was elected sembly are destroyed, and liberty of be made very soon. All alumni and as an Associate Manager of the Board conscience is banned. See Dr. Nie- others interested are asked to keep the of Foreign Missions. Fruitful ac- muller languishing in such a camp date open. tivity and great hope for close co- because he puts the voice of God be- operation in the future were reported fore the voice of the Nazi State. And DEPUTATIONS as results of the meetings. it is possible that Niemuller and his Among the missionaries on furlough brave fellow-pastors may share a ORGANIZED attending the meeting was Ragnar K. more cruel fate than the Great Re- Three Deputation Teams have been Aim, Swedish missionary at Sumatra, former and his fellow-Protestants. organized and student pastors have who is spending this year in study at The state has set itself up as an ab- been urged to make use of their serv- Garrett. solute and makes demands which a ices. Each team is able to assume re- Christian can offer to God and to sponsibility for an entire worship C. T. S. NOTES Due to illness, Elizabeth Swett has God alone. Will the church again be service. Further information may be driven into the Catacombs? In Russia, secured from "Kenny" Carlson. Chair- discontinued her school work for the remainder of the year. a war is being waged against all re- men of the three teams are: Clarence ligion, and loyaltyis being interpreted Ploch, Irvin Muir, and John Nye. A hearty welcome has been accorded Helen Djang following an absence of in terms of repudiation of God and a quarter spent in Chicago while at recognition of the final authority of AT WORLD CONFERENCE work on the thesis for her Ph.D. the state. The same tendencies are Glenn S. Gothard, Garrett's co-rep- Miss Tibbye Ruth Brown, a graduate making Italy into the same kind of resentative with F. H. Kleihauer to of Paine College, Augusta, Georgia, totalitarian state. And the same is the Chicago Council of the Interserni- and Director of Children's 'Work true of Japan, where more and more nary Movement in the United States, under the General Board of Religious governmental control is becoming has been selected as one of the Coun- Education of the Colored Methodist complete. It is affecting our fellow- cil's delegates to the World Confer- Episcopal Church, is enrolled with us. Christians there. They are facing ence of Christian Youth to be held in The foreign missionary interests are what is known as the "shrine prob- Amsterdam, Holland, next July 26 to represented by Moneta Troxel, now on lem." What does it mean for them August 3. The conference wiIJ be at- furlough from Ewha College, Seoul, to go to a Shinto shrine and bow the tended by some 1,500 youths, with Korea, and Ruth Gress, under appoint- head in reverence before the Divine youth leaders of alJ denominations ment to China from the W. F. ~1. S. Emperor and his Divine Ancestors? and of national and international More and more it is narrowing down Christian Youth movements. The pur- THE CRADLE to the vital question, Caesar or Christ, pose wiIJ be to mobilize youth to wit- '21. To Mr. and Mrs. Charles L. and it is not at all unthinkable that ness to the reality 0 E the Christian Calkins at Hampton, Mich., on Oc- men and women of our faith will be Community. tober 7, a boy. face to face with persecution and Two other Garrett men, Leslie Ross '29. Mr. and Mrs. Donald Lemkau, martyrdom. Again it is the totalitarian and Robert Trenery, served on the \iV aynesville, Ill., adopted two chi 1- state setting itself up as the final committee of the National Council of dren, John Paul, born January 19, authority over human life. Methodist Youth, which selected six- 1936, and Martha Louise, born Sep- Loyalty to God. There is but one teen Methodist Youth and youth lead- tember 26, 1938. supreme loyalty, only one absolute ob- ers to be the official delegates of the '29. To Mr. and Mrs. Leon Miller ject of devotion, and that is to God, Methodist Episcopal Church. on September 23, twins with the names the Creator of heaven and earth, the Katherine Luetta and Marguerite Ann. sustainer of the universe, the one WEDDINGS '29. To ~fr. and Mrs. Alvin Ritts whom we were taught to call Father '24. Guy Wilkinson, Edgerton, Wis., at Arcanum, Ohio, on September 19, by Jesus Christ our Master. All was united in marriage to the Rev. a girl, Lorene Eloise. worthy loyalties are comprehended in Margaret Oosterhuis in the parsonage '30. To Mr. and Mrs. Paul Minear, that loyalty and find their justifica- at Amherst, Wis., on December 27. Evanston, Ill., on December 31, a boy, tion and meaning in that relation with The marriage was performed by Ira Richard Hoffman. God. Every other loyalty falls into E. Schlagenhauf of the Appleton Dis- '33. To Mr. and Mrs. Wesley Frank its fitting place when related to that trict. at Vernon Center, Minn., on Decem- which controls and gives direction to '38. Elverado Cox, West Concord, ber 17, a girl, Carol Jane. them all. The love of God in Jesus Minn., was married to :\.fiss Coyla '35. To ~Ir. and Mrs. Walter Rat- Christ is the prism which breaks up Krueger on June 28, 1938, in Monroe. cliffe, Lowell, Mich., on December 7, all other devotions into their con- Wis. a boy, Robert Walter. stituent colors and reveals them in January, 1939 THE GARRETT TOWER 5

their inner significance. So frequently from one which has the right to Chicago, was a speaker at First they are a mixture of good and bad, master us completely. Church, Evanston, recently on the sub- of selfish motives mixed with altru- ject, "Bridging the Gap for the Handi- istic, of narrowness in close prox- capped." imity to what is generous and wide IN MEMORIAM in its sympathies. The difficulty is 'ZI. Steadman Aldis and his wife '81. Myron C. Wilcox, retired mem- are on furlough from Nagpur, India, that all lesser loyalties unchecked in ber of the Foochow Conference, this white light tend to deteriorate and are promoting the missionary China, died October 17, 1938, in Pitts- cause by giving frequent addresses. and ultimately to self-destruction. burgh, Pa. Only a return to the right perspective '87. Reuben E. Pierce, retired mem- 'ZI. Paul F. Huebner, Glendale, can put a man or a nation right. ber of the Rock River Conference, Calif., has been appointed superin- If we would save our nationalism passed away at his home in St. Louis, tendent of the Fresno-Glendale Dis- from going the way of the empires Mo., in 1938. trict of the Southern California Con- of the past, if we would save our '01. Charles B. Guest, retired mem- ference. racial and family loyalties from the ber of the Des Moines Conference, '21. W. C. S. Pellowe, of the Sagi- decay which has already eaten deeply passed away in Des Moines, Decem- naw District, Mich., was guest into our social structure, if we would ber 21, and was buried in Indianola, preacher November 13 in the Wood- save ourselves from ludicrous and Iowa. lawn Park Methodist Church, Chi- destructive egotism, there is but one '03. Monroe Vayhinger, formerly cago. sure way. It is to realize that there president of Taylor University at Up- is and must be a scale of loyalties in land, Ind., passed away October 31. '22. Heil Bollinger, Board of Educa- human life and that all the loyalties, '15. Charles Everett Draper, mem- tion, Chicago, was guest speaker at except the final loyalty, must be trans- ber of the Kansas Conference, pastor the fiftieth anniversary of Grace cended by that which is higher and of the Quindaro Methodist Church, Church, Winfield, Kan. more inclusive, and thus receive their Kansas City, Kan., died on December '22. Gordon Phillips, Dearborn, sanction and direction and control 30, 1938. Mich., just closed his most successful mid-week series, this being the fourth season. It was aptly represented as Fellowship, Faith, Forum, Fun ALUMNI NEWS '22. Charles W. Schowengerdt Wat- son Memorial Church, Independence, ARTHUR W. NAGLER, Editor Mo., has been elected president of the Independence Ministerial Association. '23. O. M. Adam, formerly of She- ALUMNI tri-Conference director of religious boygan, Wis., has been transferred to '9Z. John W. Robinson, Bishop of education for the state of Kansas, the Wesley Foundation and Univer- India, has edited The Indian Witness dedicated the new Methodist church sity Church, Madison, Wis. during Fred M. Perill's '06 furlough at Menlo, Kan., Oct. 30. '23. O. G. Brown, Lebanon, Kan., in America. The Bishop's address for '18. E. E. Emme, Morningside Col- has had an auspicious beginning in the time being will be 1000 Crestview lege, Sioux City, Ia., was guest speaker his new field of labor. Ave., Glendale, Calif. He will partici- at the sixtieth anniversary of First Church, Aurelia, Iowa. '23. Harry D. Henry, formerly pres- pate in the Uniting Conference. ident of Iowa Wesleyan, has been '18. A. H. Kenna, First Church, '01. John M. Springer, Bishop of transferred to the Methodist Church Pittsburg, Kan., was elected lieuten- Africa, contribtued an article in the in Winona, Minn. recent Advocate on "Heaven in In- ant-governor of the Fourth Division ham bane." His "pastoral letter" tell- of the Mo-Kan-Ark District of Ki- '23. Harry A. Price, Asbury Church, ing about his continental tour reads wanis International. Pittsburgh, Pa., is director of the like a romance. Until June 15 his ad- '19. Lloyd E. Foster, East Orange, Monthly Missionary Broadcasts, dress will be ISO Fifth Ave., New N. J., was chosen as one among a KDKA, Pittsburgh, sending messages York. number of keynote speakers at five to missionaries all over the world bv 'OZ. C. J. Hewitt, Kirkland, III., was conventions held in different cities short wave. The first Sunday of each guest speaker at a Family Night pro- during November in New York state. month at 11 :15 P. Yr., Eastern Stand- gram in November for the Miami '19. Byron Horn, director of relig- ard Time. Xlcthodist Parish, Indiana. ious education, First Church, Los 'Z3. S. Percival Reakes, 35 E. 'OZ. John R. McFadden, Professor Angeles, Calif., has been granted an Wacker Drive, Chicago, is now work- of Bible in Kansas Wesleyan Uni- extended leave of absence because of ing for the Employers Association of versity, Salina, Kan., has taken the illness. Chicago. retired relationship at the last session '19. Nelson P. Horn, President of '23. Geo. E. Rosser, Wesleyan Col- of the Northwest Kansas Conference. Baker University, Baldwin, Kan., was lege, Macon, Ga., preached at the Chi- '11. Henry M. Battenhouse, pro- guest speaker at the W. F. M. S. con- cago Temple in November. He is us- fessor in Albion College, Mich., was vention of the Kansas Conference held ing Dr. Ran's, A Faith For Today, a member of the faculty of the School in Junction City, Kan. in one of his college courses. '19. J. W. A. Kinison, Mount Car- of Religion at Metropolitan Methodist '23. W. B. Waltrnire, Humboldt Church, Detroit, Mich. mel, Ill., is serving a church which has Park Church, Chicago, and Armand 'IZ. Charles H. Putnam, Gresham over one hundred vears of service to Guerrero, Forest Park, III., with their Church, Chicago, had a good year with its credit. Recently the building was wives motored to Mexico City to in- advances made on all fronts. redecorated. vestigate the Protestant work in that '13. Philip R. Glotfelty, Middleton, '19. Irl G. Whitchurch read a paper country. Xlich., has the rather unique distinc- on "Recent Trends in the Philosophy tion of having his wife also ordained. of Religion" at the mid-Western '24. C. H. Hsiung is in Chungking, '13. J. A. Rinkel, St. Paul, Minn., branch meeting of the National Asso- West China, to which place his school was guest speaker at the exercises in ciation of Biblical Instructors. was moved from KiuKiang due to the connection with the rededication of 'ZO. C. A. Bloomquist, Freeport, Ill., Japanese invasion. the N erstand Methodist Church, Minn. was guest speaker at the home-coming '25. Schuyler Garth; Trinity Church, 'IS. Arthur A. Heinlein is now serv- exercise of the North Austin Church, Youngstown, 0., was guest speaker at ing as pastor at Gifford and Penfield, Chicago. Baldwin-Wallace College, Berea, 0.. III., after five years ministry with the 'ZOo Logan Hall, Meridian Street and, according to reports, had an ex- Civilian Conservation Corps. While Church, Indianapolis, Ind., gave the ceptionally attentive hearing. at Walsenburg, Colo., and Carlsbad, devotional page in The Christian Ad- '25. Edwin F. Lee, Bishop of the Calif., extensive building programs vocate (Jan. 5) on "Courage." Malaysia area, will visit America after were completed under his direction. 'ZOo Walter C. Loague, Superin- the Madras Conference. He is a dele- '16. C. E. Draper, Kansas City, Mo., tendent of the Goodwill Industries, gate to the Uniting Conference. 6 THE GARRETT TOWER January, 1939

'25. W. L. Xlannv. :\1ount Xl orr is, '31. K. O. Chyung, Seoul, Korea, Ill., has been elected dean of the west- '35. v. K. Williams, Fall Lake, spent some time last summer in evan- Iowa, with other ministers, has pub- ern half of Rockfcrd District League gelistic work in :-Ianchuria. He is the Institute. lished a mimeographed book of ser- author of a book dealing with the life mons in order to give ministers a '26. Harry A. Brewer, Trinity of Christ entitled "He Thus Lived." chance to exchange sermon material. Church, Flint, Mich., is able to carry '32, Eugene Frank, Olathe, Kan., on cautiously after a severe Illness. '36. C. C. Hartung, Lena, Ill., has contributed the devotional page in The been chosen ministerial counsellor of '26. Alfred P. Landon, Bay City, Christian Advocate of recent date, also the Epworth Leagues of Rockford Xlich., had an article in the Xl ichigan an article entitled "Inner Circles at District, western half. Advocate (Nov. 10) on "Warm Church" (Dec. 29). Hearts-Clear Heads." '36. Herman U. Smith has been '32. :\1erritt \\1. Faulkner, Perry, transferred to the 9th St. Methodist '26. Roy C. Xlason, First Church, Kan., was dean of the Topeka District Ketchikan, Alaska, has directed a com- Church, Des Moines, Iowa, with its League Institute meeting in No- larger opportunities for constructive plete renovation of the sanctuary a~ vember. work. the cost of over $8,000, nearly allot which has been paid or pledged. '32. S. A. Gutknecht, Butternut, '37. John O. Hagans, Galesburg, Wis., is beginning his fifth year as Mich., is slowly recuperating from a '26. T. Otto Nail, Cincinnati, 0., is pastor of the Evangelical Church. the editor of the book, Vital Religion, lingering illness which sent him to which contains excerpts from speeches '33. Frank D. Campbell, Elkhart, Bronson Hospital, Kalamazoo, for a delivered at the Methodist Council last Ill., contributed an article in The month's rest. He sent out a Christmas February in Chicago. American Friend (Oct.) on "No Kill- message of cheer from his hospital ing Please," and in Zions Herald on bed. '27. Harold E. Case, Elm Park "An Appeal for Racial Tolerance." Church, Scranton, Pa., was guest '37. Dwight M. TIes, De:V1otte, Ind., speaker at Candler School of Theol- . '33. C. H. Essman, Forest, Ill., was conducted a dedicatory service with ogy, Atlanta, Ga., during Ministers' guest preacher in the Nokomis, Ill., Bishop Blake preaching on December Week early in January. Methodist Church at a service in which 11, on the completion of the new sanctuary. This is the second church '27. Harold A. Ehrensperger, of the his parents celebrated their golden wedding anniversary. built last year. There have been many Board of Education, Chicago, has additions to the membership. compiled a new series of plays called '33. Wesley Frank, Vernon Center, "Plays For The Changing World." :\1inn., recently completed improve- '37. Arnold ]. Pedersen was or- '27. Ormal L. Miller has become ments on the church building amount- dained and installed as pastor of the pastor of First Church, Topeka, Kan. ing to $1000. union Emmanuel Congregational Church at Dousman, "\'is., on Decem- '33, ]. P. Hauser, :\Iethodist pastor '28. John C. Irwin has been trans- ber 5. Dr. Whitchurch preached the ferred from Riverside, Chicago, to the in :\Iexico, will be a fraternal delegate ordination sermon. Methodist Church in Fargo, N. D. to the Uniting Conference, according '37. R. :\1errill Powers faced a tough '28. Harry Lord, Northville, Xlich., to William B. O'Neill, '25, Methodist Spanish Church, EI Paso, Tex, financial situation at his two churches, has been appointed part-time Director Broadway and Winnebago Street of Religious Education for the Ann '33. ]. W. McKnight, Universalist :\1ethodist, Rockford, Ill. In two years Arbor District. Church, Hoopeston, Ill., utilized the he has liquidated debts of $10,500.00, '28. Milo 11. Mook, Kingsley Church, holiday season for getting funds for thus creating a new morale in the Erie, Pa. conducted a unique Family war refugee relief by means of two memberships. Roll Call service on a recent Sunday, plays directed by Mrs. McKnight. '37. ]. P. Stafford, J r., Malden, III., emphasizing the old family pew cus- '33. Milo Vondracek, Peotone, Ill., tom, members sitting with their chil- composed an original Thanksgiving and Ivan Obenshain, Morris, Ill., spoke hymn for use in his service. dren and grand-children. at a church renovation celebration in '29. W. Arthur Gray, Sullivan, :\'[0., Bonfield Methodist Church, Ill. '37, Roy Steen, :\[arshall, Wis., made the principal address at the was recently made happy by the pur- '34. Robert Chapler, Hawarden, chase of a new parsonage for his eightieth anniversary of the Allens Iowa, is director of education of war Grove Church, Delavan, "Vis. family as weIl as by a complete reno- orphans of the Iowa American Legion vation of the sanctuary. and is vice-commander of the ninth '38. Elvarado Cox, West Concord, '29. Antonio Parroni has taken district legion. Mi nn., is happily located in his new charge and has become established in charge of the bilingual work at Madi- '34. James R. Pollock, Grand Ledge, son, Wis. His work has so trans- the parsonage as a married man. Note Mich., contributed the Sunday School the wedding item elsewhere. formed the community that it has Lesson theme to the Michigan Advo- gained city-wide recognition from cate (Dec. 15), '38. Herbert George, North Chi- various service clubs. cago, Ill., is in the process of building '34. Willis W. Velte, Racine, :\Iinn., a new church to replace the one de- '30. James S. Chubb, First Church. is happily situated in the Northland. Baldwin, Kan., is the new contributor stroyed by fire a year ago. Total cost A correction in the November Tower will be $10,000.00. of the church-school lessons in the should read that Mrs. Velte came from Christian Advocate. Western Springs, Ill., and not :\Iinne- '38. E. A. Hammarberg, Ekenas, '30. Don 'VI/. Holter, Central Stu- sota. Finland, has become pastor of a cir- dent Church, Manila, P. I., was elected cuit of three churches with the out- chairman of the Committee for Racial '35, Virgil Kraft, Central Church, look promising. His health is grad- and Religious Tolerance of the Philip- Niles Center, Ill., gave addresses at ually irnpr-ovj ng Hoisington, :\Iackville and South- pines. '39. Charles Edwin Lord, Arcata. western College, all in Kansas. '30. \\'alter :\1. Scheuermann has Calif., publishes an informative church been transferred from his pastorate in '35. Russell Lambert, Lombard paper called "The Church Bell" for the Omaha, Neb., to First Church, In- :\Iethodist Church, Ill., is conducting enlightenment of his people. dianola, Iowa, the home of Simpson a high-grade Sunday Evening Forum r Ross Jackson, Miami, Ind., con- College. The church has a member- in his church for ten Sundays through ducted a successful Family Night pro- ship of 1600 and a college population the winter and spring. gram during the autumn in the three of 500. '35. Walter N. Pilgrim, Sherburn, churches of his parish. '31. The many friends of Dr. Samuel :\I[inn., has enjoyed a notable increase Paul Ludden, Plainview, Minn., has Gardner Ayres will be pleased to know both in membership and attendance in recovered from a recent illness, during that he can still be busy in church work the two churches that he serves. which his young people conducted because of continued good health. '35. Walter T. Ratcliffe has been worship services for three Sundays. Both he and Mrs. Ayres have had a transferred from St. Charles, Minn., Walter C. B. Saxman, Saline, Mich., happy year living at 65 Hungerford to the Methodist Church in Lowell, s-. Burlington, Vt. recently completed the reconditioning :\fich. of the sanctuary at a cost of $1800.00. j anuarv, 1939 THE GARRETT TOWER 7

origin and development illuminated, by reference to economic and social BOOK REVIEWS forces. These doctrines include faith in the resurrection, in angels, in both HARRIS FRANKLIN RALL, Editor determinism and free will, in the oral tradition, in social equality and in non- resistance and peace. The historical OLD TESTAMENT book that can evoke enthusiasm and development of these last two elements O. ]. B."All criticism simultaneously. of Pharisaisrn occupies a maj or por- The BOOh' of Psalms. The Jewish The position advanced seems par- tion of the work; their treatment con- Commentary for Bible Readers. ticularly vulnerable at two points. stitutes the most fascinating and in- By Solomon B. Freehof. Cincin- First is the insistence that to Jesus, spiring review of J ewish life and nati: Union of Amer. Hebrew Paul, and early Christians the King- thought which this reviewer has read. Congregations, 1938. Pp.414. $2.50. dom had already been realized, that it Mention must be made of the elo- This is a popular commentary on the had been completely revealed in the quent style, independent and sound Psalter written for the use of Jewish mission of Jesus as a super-historical scholarship, massive erudition, sympa- readers primarily, but of some value reality. As many critics of Dodd have thetic imagination and evaluation, the to the general student of the Bible cogently argued, this "realized eschat- ability to make intricate rabbinic de- also. It takes cognizance of the work ology" was not so consistent or so bates meaningful in terms of concrete of critics, although the detailed treat- dominant as Dodd maintains. This is situations, the unusual gift of making ment is too general and superficial to the chief weakness in the synthetic ancient issues and ideas profoundly be called scholarly. The introduction interpretation of early Christian relevant to modern life, These quali- affirms effectively the value of the thought. The second objection is to ties justify the inclusion of this study Dodd's contention that to the Chris- Book 0 f Psalms for both Jew and in the required reading for students Christian. tian the final and complete revelation of the Bible, the history of religion, of God's purpose has come in this and the history of ethics. It is also A Digest of the Bible. By Peter V. single historical event; the future heartily recommended for ministers Ross. N. Y.: Prentice-Hall, 1938. realization of the kingdom is no and teachers who share in the slightest Pp. 293. $2.00. longer a goal of either divine or hu- degree the Pharisees' devotion to wis- From the publishers jacket we read, man activity in history. All positive clom and righteousness, There is no "For the first time .. the whole es- meaning is to be found in present ex- better antidote to the Christian animus sential narrative of the Bible's 3,000 perience of a past event, not in present against the first-century Pharisee and pages, welded into a fascinating anticipation of a future event. The to the modern virus of anti-Semitism. graphic digest which you can read in prophetic tension between the present 30 hours." Here is the authorized order and a future kingdom is thus version of the Bible condensed for relaxed, opening the way for the freez- Jesus and II is Church. By R. N. Flew. easy reading! We have had digests of ing of faith into dogma and of ethic N. Y.: Abingdon, 1938. Pp. 275, nearly everything that is printed, ex- into legalism. The "vertical" emphasis $2.00. of transcendental theology tends to cept the Bible and Homer. And here This detailed analysis by an eminent destroy the value of the "horizontal" is the Bible simplified and digested so British theologian is timely, coming emphasis of a prophetic ethic. that all who have a few hours to spare when Protestant denominations are can read it. The result has little merit Dodd's treatment should mark the end of liberal attempts to base the for the first time becoming aware of except brevity. All of the biblical ma- the confusion and inadequacy of terials are viewed as of equal value. Christian gospel upon the "Jesus of history" as opposed to the "Christ of their conceptions of the church, Re- None of the books is viewed in the cent ecumenical conferences have light of its background. faith"; it is one of the first creative efforts (in English) to orient the shown that many conflicts originate in newer history of early Christian faith this area, and that future movements toward unity will succeed only if a NEW TESTAMENT in terms of the newer theology of P. S. ~IrNEAR modern faith. common idea of the church can be History and the Gospel. By C. H. established broad enough to provide Dodd. N. Y.: Scribners, 1938. freedom for different denominations Pp. 189. $2.00. The Pharisees. By Louis Finkelstein, but authoritative enough to provide Here is a "must book" for Chris- Phila.: Jewish Pub. Soc., 1938. fresh sources of power. Dr. Flew be- tians, one of the most provocative and Two Vols. Pp. 793. lieves that such an idea is to be found constructive books of the past year. The field covered by this excellent underlying the faith of the early Professor Dodd comes to grips with work is much wider than the suhj ect church, most of the crucial issues in New would indicate, much more inclusive A scholarly study of the gospels in- Testament criticism. He gives: (1) than most studies of the Pharisees. It dicates that Jesus announced the cre- an independent summary of the re- is nothing less than a thorough-going ation of a new Israel as the response suIts of source criticism ane! form investigation of the "economic, social to a fresh revelation of God's his- criticism of the gospels, that culmi- and political factors which helped to torical purpose, a new community nates in the conclusion that a genuine determine the course of Jewish whose nucleus was his own disciplic historical tradition yields a coherent thought in biblical and post-biblical band, whose way of life rested upon picture of Jesus; (2) a brief deline- periods" (from 1000 B. C. to 200 the demands of the Kingdom, and ation of the message and mission of A. D.), who shared with Jesus the messianic Jesus as viewed by this tradition; (3) Behind the whole of Israelite his- powers and vocation. This conception the setting of this historical figure and tory, Finkelstein finds a perennial was preserved by the early church and the gospel tradition into the ham e- rural-urban conflict, with three con- permeates the New Testament. work of early Christian faith; (4) the tinuing groups as antagonists: the Through the revelation of His Word viewing of this faith from the per- urban priestly artistocrats, the rural and the initiation of a new covenant. spective both of secular history and landed gentry, and the urban plebeians. God created a new Israel, energized of Christian history as a whole; (5) He interprets the prophetic, Pharisaic, by the Holy Spirit, unified by its al- the evaluation of this historical basis and rabbinic traditions as products of legiance to Jesus as Lord, and called of Christianitv in terms of a modern the persistent struggle between the to fulfill an historical mission as a philosophy o(history and of the task under-privileged plebeians and the saved fllld saving Remnant. The au- of the church in the modern crisis. aristocratic priestly landowners. The thority of the church does not center That is no small task for a hook fi\'C' plebeians are the heroes of the epic, in its sacraments, ministry, or creeds. times the size. Inevitably brevity of the righteous poor, the urbane and the hut in His will as manifest in the New treatment means over-simplification sophisticated, the scholars and the Covenant. This thesis is clearly pre- of the problems dealt with and a false humanitarians, the prophets and the sented and ably defended, and, on the impression of unity in a highlv divcrsi- marlyrs. Each 0 r the distinctive whole, carries conviction. A worth- ficd religious tradition. But this is one Pharisaic doctrines is defined. and its while hook. THE GARRETT TOWER January, 1939

What J eSHS Taught. By B. S. Easton. There are twelve chapters, all of them l nterpretatiue Statistical SW"c'ey of N. Y.: Abingdon, 1938. Pp. 147. worthwhile. A recommended book. the World Mission of the Chris- $1.50. tian Church. Pp. 323. $5.00. This little book does four things Heaven Knows. By Margaret H. Directory of World Missions. Edited well: it selects the sayings of Jesus Brown. N. Y.: Friendship Press, by Joseph 1. Parker. Pp. 255. generally held to be authentic; it pre- 1938. Pp. 168. $1.00. $2.00. Both edited by Joseph 1. sents a fresh translation, frequently Here we have an attempt to repro- Parker. N. Y.: International arranged in poetic structure; it groups duce the sentiments and feelings of a Missionary Council, 1938. the sayings according to subject mat- Chinese family in the midst of the The last statistical study of the ter; it appends a brief incisive com- present confusion and distress. A World Christian Mission appeared in mentary to, each passage selected. peasant farmer moves to Shanghai 1925. Thirteen years have made that Careful indexes increase the practical and brings his family at the very be- report wholly unsatisfactory. It is of value. ginning of the great bombardment ill inestimable advantage to have this vol- 1936. The pictures of that experience ume at the present time, ca refully pre- Did Christ Really Live? By H. G. are heart-rending. Full-page photo- pared by a research commission of Wood. N. Y.: Macmillan, 1938. graphic reproductions show the de- experts. Adequately subsidized, it Pp. 192. $1.75. struction wrought by the terrific on- brings those facts which all who teach A generation ago, ]. M. Robertson slaught of the Japanese armies. The or preach on this subject need to have. argued that the figure of Jesus was ti tie of the book is a Chinese proverb It is not a volume of propaganda. The purely mythical, that the Passion and is their way of speaking of thing, statements here made are yen' heart- Story was a mystery-drama growing which are inexplicable, "Heaven ening. Many seem to have concluded out of a Palestinian rite of human sac- knows." rf you wish to know the feel that the confusion of the past twenty rifice. This position is decisively de- of the Chinese conflagration, read this. years has resulted in a very great stroyed by this book. As the issue is slump in the work of Christian mis- dormant if not dead, Dr. Wood's America's ShO-1'ein Japan's War Guilt. sions. But the totals in almost every treatment seems poorly timed. Nev- American Committee for N on- field have shown a consistent advance. ertheless, there is need for continued participation in Japanese Aggres- The number of baptized persons and protest against theologians who stress sion. N. Y.: Pp. 80. those under instruction now stands at the transcendent at the expense of the This brochure of 80 pages gives the 13 miJlions; the total number of for- historical, whose Christ of faith is facts, in every case with documenta- eign missionaries, 27,577, the total light-years distant from the Jesus of tion, concerning the part which gifts from the sending countries $30,- history. America is playing in filling the hands 938,000, which is matched by $28,738,- of Japan with arms and other ma- 000, contributed by the younger Mark's Account of Jesus. By T. W. terials of war. It is a strenuous plea churches. The statistics of the Ro- Pym. Lafayette, Indiana: Choir that America desist. For those who man Catholic Church are included. Library, 1938. Pp. 59. wish facts which cannot be contro- The Directory of World Missions A happy thought led Heil Bollinger verted and which may be unhesitat- includes a complete list of all the to arrange this American edition of a ingly used for public address, this boards, societies, colleges, cooperative British version of Mark's gospel. The book will suffice. councils, and other agencies related to translation is free and picturesque, at the Protestant churches of the world. times amounting to a paraphrase of A /l'01'killg fiaith for the World. By The official address of each society, the original. Its charm is due to an Hugh V. White. N. Y.: Harper, the name of its chief officer, the title up-to-date style which is fresh, lucid, 1938. Pp. 213. $2.00. of its periodical, the fields in which and natural. Ministers should find This hook is particularly timely in it carries on its work, are given. To the book useful, particularly in stu- relation to the Madras Conference and one who is uninitiated, it will be quite dent work. The profits from publica- one of its great questions, "the faith a revelation to know how many agen- tion are to be sent to Kagawa. of the Church." Dr. White has great cies there are and how vast is their ability, one might almost say genius, interest. These two volumes will con- The Problem of Following Jesus. By in simple and clear statement. Any stitute the reference material for basic James G. Gilkey. N. Y.: Mac- layman should be able to read this missionary studies in the coming dec- mil1an, 1938. Pp. 127. $1.50. book understandingly. It falls into ade. A summary of Jesus' religious and three parts: a description of Chris- ethical teachings, a selection of the tianity as a World Faith and its effect Himself. The Autobiography of a original and permanent elements, a on civilization; a discussion of the Hindu Lady. By Mrs. Ramabai statement of problems facing liberal character of world missions and its Ranade. N. Y. : Longmans, Green, Protestants who seek intelligently to technique in sharing its message; a 1938. Pp. 253. $2.00. follow Jesus by applying to individual consideration of the objectives of Every missionary or traveller in and social life his basic rule of active Christianity, which he conceives to be India finds himself at some time long- kindness. An honest, courageous, and Christian truth, Christian personality, ing to get an intimate view of the provocative treatment, but one which and Christian freedom. His appeal for worthy and high-class Indian. The reveals inadequacies in ethical insight the right to think, and, having thought, social customs of India make it verv and theological foundations. to speak, is a noble one. His appreci- difficult for an outsider to come within ation of truth, wherever found, in the home life of such people. Here other religions as well as in our own, we have, in a description as simple MISSIONS AND HISTORY is frank and wholesome. He is cer- and moving as Ann :-Iorrow Lindberg W. D. SCHERMERHORN tain that there will be disclosed some might write, the story of a Hindu iT'olllell and the iVa\,. By Xfadamc religious truth in all of the great re- lady's home life. The story centers Chiang Kai-Shek and Others. ligions. He is confident that there will around ]1.1[1'. Ranade. He was a Hindu N. Y.: Friendship Press. 1938. be many differences in spirit, in char- reformer, prominent in the work of Pp. 198. $1.00 and 60c. acter, and in the concept of God's Prarthana Samaj (prayer society of This volume gives the Ch ristian dealings with men. In this he insists, Hinduism). Mystical in his religious testimony of a group of women who "The Christian asks nothing better life, generous in his attitude towards come from various countries and each than that the 'world shall look upon other religions, he was a distinguished of whom is of great distinction among Christ as he is and hear his words as juror and public servant. Mrs. Ra- her own people. The opening chapter the New Testament records them. We nade develops from a somewhat re- is by Madame Chiang Kai-Shek, the must then reverently leave each man tiring and orthodox type of Hindu closing by Muriel Lester, with a list alone with him." The book, though girl into the gracious founder of the of equally distinguished women. In not written as a reply to Dr. Kraemer's Seva Sadan Society, a movement for each case the chapter is personally Christian All essaqe (elsewhere re- the liberation of Indian women. There written and is an answer to the ques- viewed), is a timely discussion of is much that is beautiful; much that tion, "What has Christianity meant to many of the same topics from the causes one to wish that Hinduism the women of my country?" There are "liberal" instead of the "continental" might not lay such heavy burdens biographical notes for each author. standpoint. upon its women. One could wish that January, 1939 THE GARRETT TO'v\'ER all who this year are teaching or even In a word, churches are needed to give ha ve been added, and the lists are studying courses in Indian missions social life a basic religious faith as a longer. In each field where living re- might supplement with this volume. motive for reform and reconstruction. ligions are discussed, there is an at- "Let men join churches rather than tempt to bring the material com- India Reveals Herself. By Basil theologies and so be influenced by the pletely up to our own times; for in- Mathews. N. Y.: Oxford Press, God they mediate through the spirit stance, in Hinduism to Gandhi, Nehru, 1938. Pp. 192. $1.50. of Jesus they socialize." and to Arnbedkar. In the discussion When Basil Mathews completed the of Buddhism the study closes with volume which was to be used for mis- Saint Catherine of Siena. By Johannes reference to present-day situations in sion study, "The Church Takes Root Jorgensen. N. Y.: Longmans, which that great religion is a domi- in India," there was still left outside Green, 1938. Pp. 446. $3.50. nant factor. The religions of China the purview of that small book mate- The life of one of the most remark- are set "with confusion worse con- rial which every person who seeks able women in Christian history. Al- founded in China today" and with the adequately to be informed on things though she died at thirty-three, she statement that whatever the past may Indian should know. He had been left a definite impression upon her have been we do not know what the the guest of Indian States, of British contemporaries. Mystical and given to conditions during the next decade wil! administrators, of political leaders, of trances and visions, she yet entered be. Not the Mohammedanism of the Christian missionaries and village pas- into the maj or problems of the day. past is depicted, but the sections which tors. He had visited with Mr. Gandhi, Catherine's letters to the Pope and cover "Islam In The \Norld Today" Rabindranath Tagore, and Jawaharlal her revelations of the awful condi- bring us to modern movements in Nehru. Here he sets forth the inti- tions in the Church and especially at Turkey, Egypt, and India. It is doubt- mate knowledge which he acquired Avignon leave nothing to the imagi- ful if anyone has ever made a better and the significant insights into the nation. A picture of the Church in summary of Christianity in so few drama which seems to be moving to- one of her darkest periods, the fif- pages. Only thirty-two pages are ward a tense crisis in India. A rec- teenth century. given to this chapter which traces the ommended book. progress of the Christian movement The Episcopal Church in the United from Jesus to the World Council of States. By William W. Manross. Churches and the Xl adras Conference. Those Gay Middle Ages. By Frederick N. Y.: Columbia Univ. Press, D. Kershner. Chicago: Willett, The book is really a comprehensive 1938. Pp. 270. $3.25. outline. It is free from the pedantry Clark, 1938. Pp. 235. $2.00. This book exemplifies the dominant Dr. Kershner writes out of many of a multitude of strange terms which trend in the emphasis given to moral, the student would in all probability years of study in the mediaeval field. social, and religious factors. After a He gives a discussion of an even dozen forget. It presents dominant ideas and brief presentation of the Colonial principles. It is the sort of book which mediaeval topics, as interesting as any background, the author tells the story fiction. His topics are arresting: Pigs could be read popularly and which of the growth of the Episcopal Church. would also furnish a basis for dis- Is Pigs, Where Was the Human So- The attitude of the church to social ciety? Chivalry Before Breakfast, cussion in any college or seminary. questions, such as slavery, temper- 'vVe prophesy for it an even larger The Hair-Splitting Brigade. His de- ance, and prison reform, is elaborated. scriptions do not incline one to wish measure of usefulness than the first The book is well documented, the bib- edition enjoyed. for a return of those noble days. Even liography is extensive, the presenta- monasticism and chivalry are "de- tion well balanced. bunked" with such vigor that the HISTORY reader is inclined to feel that possibly Pius XI, Apostle of Peace. By Lillian A. W. NAGLER the author has really overdone, par- Browne-Olf. N. Y.: Macmillan, The Rise of Puritanism. By 'vVilliam ticularly in the case of our old favorite, 1938. Pp. 257. $2.50. Haller. N. Y.: Columbia Press, Francis of Assisi, of whom he has The present Pope may not be "the 1938. Pp. 464. $4.50. little to say except concerning his mice most important single figure in mod- Here is a mine of information about and his vermin. He does find one ern Christendom" but he is a remark- Puritan writers, preachers, and leaders bright spot. He considers the art of able personality and truly significant presented with charm of style. Al- the middle ages its greatest contri- as head of the powerful Roman Cath- though the three great exponents of bution to history. He has noble words olic hierarchy at a time when the Puritanism, Cartwright, Lilburne, and to say regarding the cathedrals, the Church Universal is battling with gi- Milton, are given chief consideration, paintings, the sculpture, the mosaics, gantic forces of evil. The author spent many others enter upon the arena of and ivories of that day. We will all three years in Rome in research and that turbulent age with their revolu- agree with the closing sentence, "We her portrait study is sufficiently au- tionary utterances and acts. The need all of the good things which the thentic to receive the Roman Imprima- whole religious populist movement, as Xl iddle Ages can present, but from the tur. The most important sections the author so aptly describes it, lived rest, good Lord, deliver us !" deal with his solution of the baffling on despite the crushing of its political Roman problem in the famous Lateran mechanism, and in the eighteenth cen- Treaty with Mussolini. The Pope's utry swept over vast areas of the Tlic Cliur ch and tI!1' Christian. By position as a possible peace arbiter world. The treatise wiII give the Shailer Mathews. N. Y.: Mac- is sympathetically appraised. reader a greater respect for the abid- millan, 1938. Pp. 150. $2.00. ing values of Puritanism, too fre- Those who have Iollowcd Shailcr quently lampooned because inade- :.\Iathews through his long list of THE RELIGIONS OF MANKIND quately understood. The quaint and worthy books will find in this volume the ridiculous are present, of course, the old hrilliancy and capacity to Seventeen years ago Dr. Soper pub- of which one sample: understand. The church is considered lished the first edition of this book. "When Women preach and Cobblers as an ecclesiastical type, a religious :\ !though there has been a vast deal Pray, social group, as differentiated from oi study since which has shed much The fiends in Hel! make holiday." individual organizations, as belonging new light in this field, there has been to Christ, as a channel of grace, and a steady and continued demand for The Protestant Crusade. By Ray as a moral fermentation. The closing the volume. Now Dr. Soper has Allen Billington. N. Y.: Macmil- chapter is quite worth the cost of the hrought the material up-to-date and lan, 1938. Pp. 514. $5.00. book. It deals with the question, "Arc has sought to achieve harmony with This study of the origins of Amer- churches still needed?" The churches what the best scholarship has shown ican Nativism, 1800-1860, is the best are needed to show that love is a to be a reasonable attitude in relation in the field. It discloses the roots of practicable basis for social action; for to the many questions rising in this the rabid anti-Catholic prejudice and the appropriation of God through field. Chapter one has been divided carefully weighs the meaning of its social experience; as a means of sub- into two. The "Suggestions [or ramifications. The author shows how stituting service for acquisitiveness; Further Study" have necessarily been it soon included the foreigner in its as a means of preserving social values altered considerably. Some 0 r thc scope and how it almost elected a No- which otherwise might be dissipated. older books are omitted, new ones Popery president. He presents lurid 10 January, 1939

episodes connected with the spread of there to cause wonder and inspire wor- strange book. He is no leader for this religious bigotry, such as the burn- shill than comcs out when onc feels our day. He did not want to be a ing of the Charlestown convent, thc hound to accept limitat ions which pre- leader. He wanted to be a call, a Philadelphia riot" thc wa r of pam- vent the soaring of the spirit to a God warning, a corrective. And there is phlets, and mob violence, Hc closes whom man may know because he, something to learn here, especially 111 with an account of the rise, sprcad, too, is personal spirit? our day. and decline of Kuow-Nothingisrn in the fifties. He demonstrates that the If/arid Cotn nnuiit y. By William Paton. T he Second World Conj erencc on latter movement was not merely an N. Y.: Macmillan, 1939. Pp. 192. Faith and Order. Edited by outgrowth of the slavery issues but of $1.50. Leonard Hodgson. N. Y.: Xlac- increasing opposition to Romanism be- A small book by a big man. William millan, 1938. Pp. 386. $2.50 cause of its allegedly dangerous con- Paton in this small but incisive volume This is no mere record of a Con- nections with forcign powers. This is has again laid us under obligation. ference that is past. The Edinburgh a work of rcal significance, especially What is the church to do, what are we Conference lives on today as one of at a timc when religious hysteria is Christians to do in the face of a world the most potent forces in the Chris- again threatening the "land of liberty." situation like that we confront todav? tian world. And this Report brings ThIS book ought to be placed in all Hc shows first the reality and the seri- the Conference to us as nothing else our libraries. ousness of the "break-up of the older can. Everything that is necessary to community," the one in which all men its understanding is here: the organ- RELIGION and women in middle life and beyond ization, the personnel, the addresses, were nurtured, and then leads us to the discussions, the conclusions E. D. SOl'Icll see what the church is and what it is reached, the proposals for the new The Growth of Religion. 13y H. N. actually doing in modem society. As World Council. Here are not simply Wieman and. \1\'. 1[, Horton. an expert in the life and thought of the reports as finally arrived at. but Chicago: Willctt, Clark, 1938. the East, Paton tells, briefly but very the questions and debates and ex- Pp. 505. $5.00. significantly, the actual achievements pressions of difference that marked One very significant fact concerning of Christianity in the mission lands of the road which the Conference took. this volume is that the authors realize the church. One cannot but feel that Dr. Hodgson has done adrnirablv the that what is to be said about religion there is a universal church living and work for which his position and ex- must be against the background of a at home in all the parts of the world. pcrience were the necessary prepara- study of the history of religion in its Thcre is the note of Christian assur- tion. The volume is indispensable to entire development. This has been ance and hopefulness which is not al- students of the movement. provided by the first half of this work ways sounded by those who are deal- on the historical Growth of Religion, ing with world problems today. A The Christ of God. By Henry Balm- written by Professor Horton. This minister could do few things more forth. N. Y.: ~ f acmillan, 1938. has been well done but there does not helpful for his people than to use this Pp. 128. $1.25. seem to be a vital connection between volume as the basis of a series of This is onc in a series intended for the two parts; each might have been sermons on the world, what is the use of laymen, individually or in incorporated in a separate volume matter with it, and what ought we to "cells," who wish a clear, non-tech- without injury. The later section by do about it. nical, intelligible account of the Professor Wieman does not seem to Christian faith. Its primary concern indicate any conscious leaning on the THEOLOGY is to show how the Church's doc- first section or significant referencc H. F. RALL trine of Christ came to be as it is. to it. The section by Professor \Vie- The Journals of Sore u Kierkegaard. It lavs relativelv less stress on the man is where the important contri- significance of Christ in present-day bution of the volume is to be found. Translated and edited by Alex- ander Dru. N. Y.: Oxford, 1939. situations of life and thought, though It is very valuable, though one would this is not omitted. The work is well have to be Wieman to agree with \Vie- Pp. LXI and 603. $7.00. After long waiting, Kierkegaard, done and can be heartilv commended man in many places. In spite of an for its purpose. The average minis- irritating dogmatism which crops up the great Danish thinker of the last century, is coming into his own. He ter, too, will find it interesting and frequently, there are many sections informing in its field. which are highly important. He calls himself was sure that he would bc his attitude that of Theistic Natural- read by the future. It is good to Asleiru; Them Questions. Second ism. This means that there is a com- havc this important material now Series. Edited by Ronald S. plete repudiation of any kind of super- available. The beginner will be grate- Wright. N. Y.: Oxford, 1938. naturalism and yet there is something ful for the long Introduction which Pp. 242. $1.25. beyond, a value or meaning which has is given up mainly to a sketch of his Following up a successful first \'01- never been "comprehended" and can life and an analysis of his character. ume, this presents the answers to only be partially "apprehended" in any He was not understood in his day, forty selected questions raised hy age. This "beyond" may be spelled and there is no agreement about him youth in a church club in Edinburgh. with a capital and be called God, but today. His J ournol must be read a w. R. Inge, A. E. Taylor, John it is a God without personality; it is hit at a time, and 'with patience. Baillie, C. E. Raven, Maude Royden, to be found in nature; it is not the There is no system of ideas set forth Kagawa, E. F. Scott and Father Bul- creator of all that is. It is defined in here. To classify him and systema- gakoff are names suggesting the wide various ways; the "growth of com- tize him, or to exploit him for one's range and high standing of those munity is God," is one of the ways it system as some would seek to do, is participating. Naturally of unequal is stated. It is a baffling conception, to misunderstand him. He protested value, the book is still definitely to be rising, it would seem, out of a haunt- against two classes, those who would recommended to those who wish to ing fear that the supernatural might make of Christianity a rational sys- know what questions men are asking get his nose under the tent and be in- tem and those who identified it with and how some able leaders would re- side before one would know it. Any the institution of the national church. plv. :'If ost of the material concerns reader may respect the sincerity of the Religion was for him something in- heliefs rather than conduct, and social writer, the ability of the argument, dividual. inner, subjective. He' felt problems are conspicuously absent. and the marvelous skill in analysis, that men had lost God, the absolute and yet he convinced that there is more in religion, the "in-and-for-itsc1f."' to "nature" than Professor Wieman is Xfcu were reallv afraid of having Ei-cry-Dn» Sciellce for the Christian. willing to allow even on his own terms. anything to do with God, "because By T. L. Handrich. St. Louis, \\'e must be scientific and empirical, h,' having to do with God they be- Concordia Puh. Co., 1938. Pr. thcre is no doubt about that, but how come nothing." He himsclf could 154. $0.60. small we arc in the presence of all not, and would not, escape God. Y ct A book seeking to show how "ob- there is, of which we know and apprc- while the love of God was the only served facts of science" and "re- ciate so little. Onr author is leaving happy love, it was also to him some- vealed facts of rcligion" arc in enti rc out valuable 01"(" hut is there not morc thing terrible. A stranzc mall. A agreement. January, 1939 TUE GARRETT TOWER 11

Laymen Speaking. By George Mor- hut insists that it is theology which abundantly clear. 011" is that SCllSC- lan. N. Y.: Richard R. Smith, must supply this need. By theology, perception omits any discrimination 1938. Pp. 242. $2.50. he apparently means something fairly of the fundamental activities w it hi n Seldom does a lavrnan trouble him- close to a philosophy of religion, based nature.. The second conclusion is self to secure impartial reports re- upon the Christian religion but not the failure of sciences to endow its garding the efficiency of the ministry authoritarian in its character. His formulae for activity with any mean- from a general cross section of the clear and vigorous discussion deals ing." "Philosophy is an attitude of laity. This book is an honest attempt with the place of religion not only ill mind toward doctrines ignorantly ell- to present the results of several hun- education but in life. The treatment, tertained." "There is reason to be- dred personal interviewers with peo- l think, would be somewhat different lieve that human genius reached its ple in every walk of life with special i [ he were discussing the meaning culmination in the twelve hundred reference to sermons which they re- and place of theology in the work of years preceding and including the member. \\'hile it is chatty and pre- ;\ theological school. initiation of the Christian epoch." sents considerable commonplace ma- \Vhitehead will stimulate your think- terial, it ucvcr thcless contains some PHILOSOPHY ing, not do your thinking for you. valuable hints and suggestions for 1. G. \ \'HITCHURCH ministers. ,I Hundred Years of British Philoso- Types of Religious Philosophy. Bv ph}'. By Rudolph Metz. N. Y.: Edwin A. Burtt. N. Y. : Harpers, The Ctiurct, Can Save the World. By 1939. Pp. 511. $3.00. Samuel }L Shoemaker. N. Y.: Macmillan, 1938. Pp. 828. $7.00. As an introduction to religious Harpers, 1938. Pp. 162. $1.50. This book is a great achievement in thinking in account with living ten- The author is rector of Calvary every sense of the word. To begin dencies in scientific ancl philosophical Church, New York, and a well known with, the author was admirably fitted theory, this volume is nearly ideal. leader of the Oxford Movement, but to accomplish what he set out to do, Most of what the author has under- the book is in no sense a direct plea and what he did urgently needed to taken is so well clone that we wish he for this movement. It is rather an he url'dertaken. He has given us the had 'done some other things. Of the earnest appeal to the church to be- great personalities in British thought seven types selected, the first two, come a "life-changing power" in a from. tre nineteenth century to the Catholicism and Protestant Funda- distraught world through the espousal presedftt The book is a monument in mentalism, make assumptions which of the will of God, the guidance of the philosophical understanding, and in exclude the possibility of a philosophi- Holy Spirit, creative fellowship, and our time a token of international good cal study of religion. There is no in- self forgetting service. It is well writ- will. Dr. Metz begins with four chap- timation that such is the case. The ten, though marred somewhat by the ters devoted to the first half of the religion of science and of agnosticism way in which the author overworks century: the Scottish school, the utili- are by-products of scientific thought the eschatological figure of the Anti- tarian-empirical, the evolutionary-na- as reflected in Continental Rational- Christ, his employment of military turalistic, and groups interested in ism and English Empir-icism. The terminology and the predominance of religious philosophy. Approximately a hortatory tone. 600 pages are given in part two to first is inaccurately framed, and the recent schools of thought. They are: difference hetween them is over-ern- The God rVho/ll IFI' Ignore. By John Nee-Idealism of many varieties, prag- phasizcd. Ethical Idealism. Modern- Kennedy. N. Y.: .Macmillan, matism, the older and the new realism, ism, and Humanism embody a value 1938. Pp. 260. $2.00. mathematical logic, philosophy of na- approach to religion. The distinctive An effective minister in the center tural science, psychology, theism, and direction of the first is neglected. of an industrial belt in Scotland philosophy of religion. No ordinary Professor Burtt shows extraordi- writes out of profound experience: review can hope to compass that field. nary clarity and objectivity in exposi- Ninety percent of his parishioners To attempt to do so would invite de- tion. At the close of most chapters he were unemployed during the depth of spair. Any person who is interested in outlines the major disputed assump- the depression. The book is a plea the living tendencies in thought and tions of the position discussed. This "for a great Christian revival, a co- life out of which OUI' own era has should prove a most valuable aid to operation between minister and peo- come cannot afford to be without this the reader. Had the author permitted ple, a casting off of unessentials and volume, The translators and publish- himself the liberty of some critical a powerful return to Christian faith." ers have honored themselves and us discussion as he went along, the total The author faces frankly the question for their part in this splendid achieve- result would have been enhanced. "Im- of why men do not worship and ment. Its general cultural value alone partiality" might have been helped, not stresses reality in worship. He has a will give it lasting distinction. hindered. As it stands, philosophies chapter on "the Church of the Awe of religion look as if they had not gone of God" and others of similar im- .l[odes of Thought. By Alfred N. heyond a partisan dogmatism. If that port. Whitehead. N. Y.: Macmillan, is the case, this hook might have con- 1938. Pp. 241. $2.50. tributed toward a transition to a het- The Right to Believe. By J. S. \\'hale, Under the four groupings of crea- tel' situation. Where "the New N a- N. Y.: Scribner, 1938. Pp. 132. $1.25. t ive impulse, activity, nature and life, tionalism" is included as a type of and Epilogue, Whitehead has written religion the ridiculous has been This volume appeared in England a most fascinating critique of modern achieved. "Religion" is on a logical under the title, "The Christian Faith", concepts. The sentences are short, par ity with fanaticism. In a final chap- It is based upon addresses given at epigrammatic, and penetrating. One is ter a discussion of five major prob- pastors' schools and other gatherings tempted to say that here is genius, lems which separates these types is 111 this country. Its form is sermonic aglow with a sense of new found undertaken. It is the only disappoint- and style popular. It discusses man's liberty, and writing with the independ- ing part, especially where the issues nerd, Christ as redeemer, the Church ence of a rebel. As mathematician and are so unhappily stated that essential conflicting loyalties, the future life' scientist he once shared the abstract points remain obscure. Had these been the right to believe, how to know th~ absolutes of fixed and independent en- cleared the seven types might really will of God, and prayer. The author tities. He is fully aware of the tyranny have fallen into two groups in one of is well known among younger theolo- of abstract thinking over the human which religion is focussed upon a cos- gians. mind. He knows horn history the mocentr ic relationship, in the other The Case for Theology in the Univer- damage which has been done. \Vhite- upon a devotedness. sity. By \Villiam Adams Brown. head, the philosopher, is fully con- Chicago Uni\'. Press, 1938. Pp. vinccd of the radical dynamism and Studies in the Philosophy of Rellqion. 124. $1.50. organic relatedness of reality. His (2 vols.) By A. A. Bowman. N. Lecturing at the University of Chi- leading ideas are now "actual occa- Y.: Macmillan, 1938, Pp. 861. cago, Dr. Brown takes up President sion," and their "historic route" a God $10.50. Hutchins' contention that modem who is the weaver of values into the The author lectured in philosophy education needs a unifying principle pervasive creativity of eternal reals at California and Princeton. He died which must be found in philosophy. and actual occasions. Consider these ill 1936 at the age of fifty-three. His He agrees with the latter's criticis,ms, excerpts: "Two conclusions are now correspondence with Professor )T 01'- 12 THE GARRETT TOWER January, 1939

man Kemp Smith through the years which Voltaire wrote. He was the Right and Wrong. By William P. marks his progress. Volume one takes spirit of sanity in the age symbolized King. N. Y.: Abingdon Press, up questions of method, and the an- by the Bastille. Therefore, he was a 1938. Pp. 246. $2.00. thropological and historical pictures rebel. He rebels at oppression and Here is one of the best signs that of religion. In volume two he is con- cruelty, much of it fostered by organ- the moral implications of Christianity cerned with what he calls the concept ized religion. Most of us would not are taking on a fresh concern with of religion and its validity. Both are have done so well, are not now doing present-day leadership. Dr. King delightfully written. True religion is so well. His extravagances and foibles divides his analysis of our contem- determined by the desire to achieve are understood in the light of the bat- porary situation into two sections. life in its ideal form, "suggested by the' tle for reasonableness in an age of One deals with the factors which ob- possibilities inherent in personality." intolerance generated by a decadent scure the distinction between right and The heart of religion is reverence, and religion. wrong. He begins with the "tradi- reverence is the supreme obj ectifier tional moralism" so prevalent among Write Your Own Ten Command- church people. Another factor is the of human experience. In his own ments. By B. E. Meland. N. Y.: words, "There is only one thing that rapid growth of what we like to call Willett, Clark, 1938. Pp, 147. scientific knowledge severed from a can purge human nature thoroughly $1.50. of the disease of subjectivity, and that sense of moral value. Very much of 'When vast social changes appear, our moral scepticism is a by-product is a discovery of an object, not of down come morals with a crash. The interest merely, not of scientific or of emotional bias, stresses and strains old paths are overgrown. Never mind, in our economic and political situa- aesthetic preoccupation, but of rever- people have been mistaken in their ence." Although not much is said tions, and a growing spirit of secu- ideas of right and wrong. You are now larism. Six tests or ways of reliable about empirical method the author free to write your own codes. "Free- everywhere utilizes a fine empiricism. moral guidance are discussed: spirit- dom is obedience to self-formulated ual intuition, spiritual imagination, For example, the argument for God is rules." Consult yourself; decide what "an attempt to extort from the actual- the examples of great personalities, you want to be, and then grow as sig- conscience, workability, and observa- ities of human experience, the logic nificantly as capacities permit. People which such experience implies." The tion of nature. The discussions are are selecting various approaches: amply illustrated. At least two huge argument itself follows two lines, each moral, aesthetic, hygienic, and practi- conveying on a conclusion that "unless assumptions form the base of the en- cal. The author then writes the mod- tire volume. Our present moral con- we are prepared to believe in a per- ern man's ten commandments. The sonal God, we have no right to believe fusions mark a retrogression from code begins with fragments on keeping clear moral insight once treasured in the existence of any person what- a growing edge, cultivating mutuality, soever, and have consequently no right among our ancestors. Moral illumina- a healthy sex love, loyalty, and com- tion and application come only from a to believe that we ourselves are per- mitting yourself to the supreme real- sons." religious outlook. Both of these need ity. Perhaps morality is a methodol- explanation and justification, if pos- P easo n and Revelation in the Middle ogy of devotionism-perhaps. sible. Ages. By Etienne Gilson. N. Y.: Is It Right 01' Wrong? By Nolan B. Scribners, 1938. Pp. 114. $1.50. Medieval Number Symbolism. By Vin- cent F. Hopper. N. Y.: Columbia Harmon, J r. Nashville: Cokes- In its clarity and concise treatment, bury Press, 1938. Pp. 231. $1.50. this is a masterpiece. It presents three Press, 1938. Pp. 241. $2.90. This volume is contributed to the In six chapters an attempt is made historical phases of the problem of the to clarify as many moral issues: Sab- relation of reason and Revelation: the Columbia University Studies in Eng- lish and Comparative literature. It bath observance, marriage, invest- primacy of one or the other, and their ment, church and state, war and the harmony in Thomas Aquinas. The seeks to explain the sources, meaning, extent, and influence of number sym- economic process. The author as- wisdom of the Middle Ages appears sumes a clear knowledge of Christian to be that revelation is a self-sufficient bolism. The Middle Ages serve as a frame of reference. Abundant cita- principles and seeks to make pruden- order of truth grounded in divine tial application, in view of the evil authority. Two difficulties torment the tion is made from Hebrew-Christian Scriptures, the gnostics, and early resident in human nature. A Christian faithful. First, the initial separation ethics is composed of norms found of faith and knowledge whereby each Christians. Special interest centers upon Dante. A very careful piece of in the New Testament, the teachings is restricted in meaning; second, the work. of the church, and generally in the confusion of Revelation with the vari- consciences of people who call them- ous mediums by which it reaches hu- Solitude and Society. By Nicholas selves Christian. In this atmosphere man understanding. Faith does indeed Berdyaev. N. Y.: Scribners, 1938. the questions are raised only to be begin with the presupposition that Pp. 207. $3.00. confronted by a balancing of opinions. revelation is of God Himself and that The writings of Berdyaev comprise Christians must remember that "the such truth about Him has the right to a significant attempt of contemporary ultimate control of moral wrong in command us. All this cannot readily Christian thought to free itself from this world must be by force." Capital- be transposed into a blind acceptance naturalistic elements in its world- ism is rather Christian because the of claims to revelation offered in the view. At best it is a protest against Christian church has from its begin- name of a church. the superstition of the 19th century ning grown up within the framework positivists that scientific rationalism of capitalism. We must continue to T he Spirit of Voltaire. By Norman H. provides the only dependable theory popularize words like co-operation, Torrey. N. Y.: Columbia Press, of knowledge and implies a valid service, and the golden rule. 1938. Pp. 314. $3.00. theory of reality. Over against that Whitehead in Science and the M od- the author posits an existential philo- Intuition. By K. W. Wild. N. Y.: em World wrote of Voltaire: "The sophy, a kind of personalism formed Macmillan, 1938. Pp. 240. $3.00. common sense of the 18th century, its through intuitionalism. The most In the first section the author has grasp of the obvious demands of hu- fundamental element in it is the con- compiled with brief comment quota- man nature, acted on the world like tention that value judgments may tions on intuition as a way of know- a bath of moral cleansing. Voltaire yield valid knowledge. Spiritual man ing from Bergson, Spinoza, Croce, must have the credit, that he hated holds the focal point of interest. Be- Jung, and Whitehead. The fact that injustice, he hated cruelty, he hated yond this general emphasis, Berd- Jung is included in that list indicates senseless repression and he hated I yaev's discussion is enigmatic. His that no distinction is made between hocus-pocus. Furthermore, when he terminology is tantalizing, not to say a psychological description and a saw them, he knew them. In these arbitrary. He turns over knowledge logical justification. Only the latter supreme virtues, he was typical of his to the abstract analysis of neutral ob- is concerned with the validity of in- century, on its better side." Professor jects, assumed by common sense and tuition. Section two is running corn- Torrey has written in a fascinating glorified in Newtonian physics. Only ment on religious, moral, and aesthetic manner to reveal this spirit in Vol- revelation is left, and its only chan- intuition, followed by a chapter on taire, giving abundant reference to nel is an emotional intuitionalism later genius, teleology, and values. The primary sources, especially letters called communion. initial fallacy lies in contrasting m- January, 1939 THE GARRETT TOWER 13 tuition as a feeling faculty with rea- Black need have no fear. He grapples for modern readers. The author seeks son, which in turn is confuseed with with the underlying issues facing those to mediate between the old and the one abstract kind of reasoning. The who believe in democracy with much new point of view and deals with Abel, volume is an awkward attempt to of the old-time vigor, courage, and Enoch, Noah, Abr.aham, Moses, establish valuation as a dependable faith. This is really a study of the Rahab, "These All", etc., as set forth kind of judgment. basal faith of democracy which, ac- in the 11th chapter of Hebrews. cording to the author, is rooted in a Purity of Heart. By Soeren Kierke- Christian doctrine of man. Doortoavs to Devotion. By Gladys C. gaard. N. Y.: Harpers, 1938. Pp. Murrell. N. Y.: Abingdon Press, 207. $2.00. HOMILETICS 1938. Pp. 138. $1.00. Dr. Douglas V. Steere has trans- L. F. W. LESEMANN This book is intended to provide lated these meditations as perhaps the Christian women with materials to as- A Religion for Democracy. By Rus- best introduction to the author for sist them in preparing for worship sell Henry Stafford. N. Y.: the layman. Here the individual is services at women's meetings. summoned to come apart from the Abingdon, 1938. Pp. 216. $2.00. furtive disguises he employs as a This book by the minister of the famous old South Church in Boston, PASTORAL THEOLOGY member of a group and stand face to R. D. HOLLINGTON face with himself and God. In order aims to show that democracy is better to do that he must first explore the than any other system of government, Pastoral Psychiatry. By John Suther- subtle nuances of self-deception. that religion is requisite for a democ- land Bonnell. N. Y.: Harpers, Purity of heart is to will the good in racy, and that the Christian religion 1938. Pp. 238. $2.50. truth, renouncing all double-minded- is most congenial to a democracy. Dr. In its title this book follows Dr. ness. Often the psychological inspec- Stafford is a thinker, a mystic, and a Oliver's Pastoral Psychiatry. But tion is brilliant. The content of the practical leader all in one. His chap- while Dr. Oliver is a psychiatrist in good is left an empty room. The ters on "Primary Experience of God," the strict sense (psychiatry is "the whole volume is a forthright summons "God as Father and King," "God Be- medical specialty which deals with to sincerity. yond and 'Within" form a fine antidote mental disorders"), the Pastor of the to Barthianism on the one side and Fifth Avenue Presbvterian Church in The Riddle of the World. By D. S. Humanism on the other. His stress on New York is a pastoral counsellor. Cairns. N. Y.: Round Table a free social order and the spiritual Writing from a wide experience in Press, 1938. Pp. 378. $3.00. requirements for a successful democ- dealing with moral and spiritual trou- Principal Cairns here defends his racy bring a needed emphasis. "De- bles and maladjustments. the author faith against contemporary Human- mocracy is a principle in the abstract treats in successive chapters of the ism. He attacks the assumption of and concretely a state of mind in its "Cure of Souls." fear, sex, pride, child naturalisms that only scientific knowl- advocates before it can become incar- training, and the confession of sin. edge is valid. On this basis the world nate in anyone of the social set-ups There are very many sensible sugges- of spiritual values is excluded by compatable with its requirements. It tions to ministers, with the main em- hypothesis. The foundations of Chris- is a liberal state of mind undeterred phasis on religious teachings, the tian faith are laid in an innate "knowl- by any prejudices from searching out method being a .free conversation, a edge of the Good and the Right," truth and facing facts with candor. Bible reading, and prayer. The cases and elaborated by revelations of God It is passionate in purpose, but dis- related are briefly sketched but will in nature, providence, the Bible, and passionate in policy. And it must of be of very great value to any minister Jesus Christ. The essence of all this necessity look forward. For, though in treating and helping those who is found in the Hebrew outlook which democracy has never yet bee n come to him in mental, moral, or spir- has its focal center in a faith in God. achieved, it is susceptible of achieve- itual distress. The problems which naturalisms raise ment." are mose serious. The answers here The School of Jesus. By G. R. H. All Introduction fo a Christian suggested are inadequate. Intensity Shafto. N. Y. : Association Press, Psycho-Therapy. By J. A. C. of feeling often takes the place of 1938. Pp. 96. $1.00. Murrav. N. Y.: Scribners, 1938. cogent thinking. This "Primer of Discipleship" comes Pp. 279. $3.00. to us from England. It contains 18 This is an English book, the author studies in preparation for discipleship heing rector in the Anglican Church. HOMILETICS in the School of Jesus. It deals with There is a decided trend toward the H. G. SMITH the methods of the school, companion- use of analytical psychology in the The Couteniporarv Christ. By Richard ship, friendship, the authority of the work of psychotheraphists, but this is Roberts. N. Y.: Xlacrnillan, 1938. teacher, the loyalty of the disciples, the first thoroughgoing attempt to re- Pp. 148. $2.00. and kindred subjects. An excellent late the Freudian psychology to Chris- Rufus M. Jones, editor of the series guide for an adult class that is look- tian psycho-therapy. The author makes of which this volume is a part, writes ing for a text not altogether conven- a study of mind as set forth by the a heartening foreword. He reminds tional but constructive and with a psychoanalysts and then details' their the reader that basically the volume spiritual emphasis. method of therapy in bringing out deals with prayer and worship, and very clearly the need of a higher pur- declares his agreement with the author Ten Rules for Living. By Clovis G. pose than that set up by the analyst. It in that "the initiative to prayer and Chappell. Nashville: Cokesbury is not easy to follow the author unless worship comes from the prevenient Press, 1938. Pp. 178. $1.50. one has a'fair knowledge of analvtical grace and love of God." Some of the This is a sermon series on the De- psychology but Mr. Murray is definite- chapter heads in this volume are ex- calogue. Dr. Chappell has a flowing, ly a pioneer in a new field and bases ceedingly suggestive for our day, in popular style. His books are not too his teaching on a broad experience. particular, the Return to Prayer, the profound for the common mind, they Only further investigation and experi- Urge toward Community, and the Ob- are full of anecdotes which the ordi- ment can determine whether or not session of Power. nary reader can appreciate, and they psychoanalysis and hypnotism can be will supply many a preacher with ser- safely and wisely included in Chris- Christ or Caesar. By Hugh Black. monic illustrations. tian psychotherapy. K. Y.: Reyell, 1938. J:'p. 209. $2.00. Here is a volume from our old By Faith. By Dwight J. Bradley. N. Health for Mind and Spirit. By \Y. L. friend. Hugh Black. His book enti-. Y.: Abingdon Press, 1938. Pp. 153. Northbridge. N. Y.: Abingdon, tied Culture and Restraint is dated $1.00. 1938. Pp. 200. $2.00. 1901. The rewarding volume on The author has been a professor in Dr. Northbridge is a psychologist Friendship was printed even earlier. Andover-Newton Seminary and is who carries on, in connection with his Taking up a new book by an old friend, now the Director of the Congrega- ministerial work, a clinic in spiritual one often wonders if the "eye is still tional Christian Council for Social therapy. The author realizes the field undimmed and the natural strength Action. This is a serious attempt to in which this work can be done bv in- unabated." The old friends 0 f Dr. interpret Old Testament characters sisting on an examination by a physi- 1-1- THE GARRETT TOWER January, 1939 cian before he begins his therapy, by China, and Japan arc interpreting, readable book. The theme is "power emphasizing the "absolute necessity "each with his own brush," the Chris- over men, not power over matter," of being able quickly to conclude tian story and message. To those After an introductory chapter on The whether a person is 'mental' or only somewhat familiar with Eastern art Impulse to Power, Russell describes 'neurotic'," and by avoiding the use of this volume will be a great joy. To the function of the leader: "Men like hypnosis. In the preface Dr. Leslie those to whom Eastern painting is power so long as they believe in their \\'catherhead offers a word of warn- strange the pictures will prove to be own competence to handle the business ing: "no one should read this book a great and beautiful revelation. in question, but when they know them- who is suffering f rorn any nervous selves incompetent they prefer to fol- condition." The book follows, in a The Treatment of Moral and 1:.1110- Iowa leader." He considers power in not very comprehensive treatment, the tiona I Difficulties. By Cyril Val- its various forms-military, propa- psychoses, the neuroses, sex, drugs, entine, N. Y.: Macmillan, 1938, ganda, and "education," and analyzes and types of personality. The religious Pp. 148. $l.90. priestly, kingly, naked or crude power, treatment develops unconscious guilt, The author is lecturer in Psychol- revolutionary and economic power, In- conversion, un forgi vable sin, scruples, ogy in the Chichester Diocese of the numerable illustrations show how va- sin and symptoms, confession and di- Anglican Church in England, and the rious types of power are achieved, rection. The volume will be helpful to volume is sub-titled, "A Practical maintained, and lost. those who exercise a ministry of health Guide for Parsons and Others". The Russell occasionally indulges in if it starts them on a course of studv treatment suggested for emotional sweeping generalizations which many difficulties is a rather popular inter- of more comprehensi I'C and detailed would challenge. For example: "The works dealing with the problems in- pretation of psychological platitudes most successful democratic politicians volvcd. with very little detailed development arc those who succeed in abolishing 01' scientific basis. The work might democracy and becoming dictators." Psychological Factors ill Marital Hap- be called an Anglican interpretation Nevertheless this is an excellent book, piness. By Lewis .\f. Terman. of the teachings of Weatherhead, presenting valuable insights into meth- 'J. Y.: .\IcGrall"-Hill, 1938. Pp. .\[acKenzie, and Hadfield. One clever- ods for developing a democratic, open- 474. $-+.00. ly interesting instance is when the minded citizenry. The last chapter Lewis M. Terman is wc l] known to author states that those psychologists on The Taming of Power is particu- all stu dcn ts of psychology for his work who repu Iiate religion are suffering larly brilliant. Democracy, though "it ill the formation of intelligence tests from repressions, "probably an unsus- does not insure good government, which are now standard in all schools. pected father complex; in denying does prevent certain evil s." I ncrcas- In this work he has followed the same God they are emotionally rejecting ingly economic power will he in the methods. On the basis of detailed in- their own unsatisfactory fathers." formation supplied by 792 married hands of the state, but if the state ceases to he democratic, the concen- couples he has stated the relative in- The Art of Worship. By Robert S. tration of political and economic fluence of sex factors, personality fac- Smith. 1\. Y.: Abingdon, 1938. power, as in totalitarian states, be- tors, and background factors in mar- Pp. 105. $0.50. comes doubly dangerous. "To suppose ried happiness. The results show some This little volume hy the Professor that irresponsible power, just because decided reversals of theories held bv of Christian Nurture in Yale Divinitv what he calls "armchair psycholo- School condenses in less than a hun- it is called Socialist or Communist, will be freed miraculously from the bad gists." They show that the first factor dred pages the cause, nature, sur- qualities of all arbitrary power in the in the background of happiness is com- roundings, and material of corporate ing from a happy home where sex is worship with such clearness and terse- past, is mere childish nursery psychol- ogy." relegated to a minor position. The ness as to make it the outstanding study of this volume must form the text, for its size, in public worship. Liberty, Equality and Fraternity. By basis of any further writing on family Pastors can use this book in training Fulton]. Sheen. N. Y. : Macmil- life. Two observations are in order. their congregations in worship through lan, 1938. Pp. 187. $2.00. First, this a study of families that are group material. .\Iost Protestant leaders and laymen more or less happy, at least sufficiently The Bond of HOn.01W. By Burton S. will agree that the immediate goals happy for parents to remain married; Easton and Howard c.. Robbins. and techniques of Communism are un- it does not show acute causes for N. Y.: '\f acmillan, 1938. Pp. 112. congenial to the fundamental princi- divorce as no divorced persons are $1.50. ples of democracy; also that American questioned. Second, as to the deeper Written by two professors in the democracy should be defended against causes of happiness in the home from Episcopal General Theological Sem i- the encroachments of a (sometimes) which the persons who are most hap- nary, this covers so thoroughly so insidious Communist propaganda. pily married came: Seven out of the large a field in marriage duties, forms, However, this Catholic pol em i c ten background factors of happiness and rituals that it will be of great against Communism will probably have to do with happy relations of help to all Protestant churches and leave them cold. The arguments are parents and children. If YOU ask why ministers. based so patently on the traditional these relations were so 'helpful, th~ point of view of the Catholic Church. Miracles of Faith. By John Maillard. only clue given is that a total of 86 The Church has declared for "social N. Y.: Harper, 1938. Pp. 127. per cent of high-happiness husbands justice" and has even spoken in favor $1.25. and 87 per cent of the high-happiness of profit-sharing, but in the end its This is a record of cases of spiritual wives received some religious train- effort boils down to urging the rich healing treated in the "Home of Di- ing, and over 80 per cent wished their to be more generous to the poor and vine Healing" in Dorset, England, by children to have religious training. the poor to be "resigned" to their lot; the ReI'. John MaiJlard. The author For anyone working with families " ... the Divine Master bids the rich gives from his own experience the this volume is a mine which must be be kind to the poor, so that when their records of persons who have been dug into to the last page. wealth fails them at death, the poor cured of mental and physical ills by whom they aided, may plead for the the healing power of faith and prayer, Each with His Own Brush. By Daniel and states his belief that "we arc onlv salvation of their souls." There is no ]. Fleming. N. Y.: Friendship, on the threshold of faith healing." . point in attempting to reform institu- 1938. Pp. 85. $1.50. tions; only the reformation of man :\f r. Fleming is making a very unique will improve society, and the Church and interesting bridge between the SOCI0TJOGY has known for long centuries that men Christianity of the \Vest and that of ~1. H. LEIFFER generally will not he changed. While the East. In his former "Heritage of Poiver: A New Social Aualvsis. By the author is supposedly attacking all Beauty" he gave a fascinating picture Bertrand Russell. N. Y.-: W. \\'. forms of secular clictatorship-Fas- of how Christian Architecture was Norton, 1938. Pp. 315. $3.00. cism and Naziism as well as Commu- modified by indigenous cultures. In Two topics of great contemporary nism-his attention and his epithet the present volume he gives an insight, inter est=propaganda analysis and the are directed almost entirely to Com- through text and 65 reproductions of significance of the democratic way of munism. It is interesting to note the paintings, into how the artists of India, life-arc tied together in this ve ry vehement attack on Communism's January, 1939 THE GARRETT TO\\'ER 15 hierarchical dictatorship and the en- anced and unemployment eliminated. tions of groups and individuals who thusiastic endorsement of democracv The desired result is to be obtained are trying to hring about social and by a representative of a traditionallv by a system of exchanges through economic change in a constructive, co- dictatorial hierarchy. which purchase and selling orders operative way. would be cleared. A man purchases RegillllillYs of Life and Death. By Liberality atul Ciuilieatioii. By Gilbert goods when his offer of his own Sophia L Fahs and Dorothy T. Murray. N. Y.: Macmillan, 1938. goods or services in like amount is Spoerl. Boston: Beacon Press, Pp. 94. $1.00. taken up. An interesting thesis, but 1938. Pp. 152. $1.50. Liberality is not a doctrine or polit- it seems even more complicated and ical creed but an attitude of mind, the baffling than our present chaos. This is the second in a series on Be- desire of "a privileged class working ginnings for children of 9-12. The {or the extension of their privilege" first, "Beginnings of Earth and Sky," that others may share in it. Such an RELIGIOUS EDUCATION dealt principally with the creation attitude is not readily achieved for it BLANCE CARRIER stories of different cultures. It asks two great questions, "How Did Life involves the conquest of self-interest, There's No Place Like Home. By fear, and prejudice. But where there Begin ?" and "\\'hy Do We Die?" The J ames Lee Ellenwood. N. Y.: answers to these questions by African is freedom of thought and expres- Scribners, 1938. Pp. 234. $2.00. sion this can be attained. Our free- Bushmen, California Indians, people The author attempts to combine of ancient Egypt, and of ancient doms are in reality "the inner content humorous description and observation Greece are told with vigor and clarity. of civilization." So runs the first of with carefully selected fact regarding Gilbert Murray's two Hibbert Lec- The scientists' story of evolution, the modern home life. He succeeds suffi- Biblical story of the forbidden fruit, tures. In his second, seeking to answer ciently to make the book interesting the question "What part ... can those and our own wonderings about death and helpful. The artist gives real as- are included. The literary quality is of us play for whom Liberality is not sistance through the cleverly drawn fine, the interpretation in line with a rotting corpse but a living spirit?", sketches. This is a book for the parent, he falls short of the high standard set liberal thinking. A leader's manual older youth, and semi-professionally makes suggestions for pupil activity, in the first. Jt is certainly open to trained people. Some suggestive chap- criticism to say: "States are losing ter titles are, "Fathers Have a Past," their sovereignties bit by bit-Heaven "Xlothers are People, Too," "What DRAMA be praised !" And "There has never yet }[ust 'vVe Do with Grandma?" and D. F. 1JCSLOY been the slightest difficu lty in deter- "The Vocational Struggle." mining the aggressor (in a war)." VesjJer Dramas. By Marcus Bach, with Nevertheless these are two stimulating The Workers' Conference Manual. worship programs by W. H. essays. By Erwin L. Shaver. N. Y.: Leach, Chicago: Willett, Clark, Abingdon Press, 1938. Pp 113. 1938. Pp. 197. $2..50. /Uwt Church People Think about So- $1.00. The ten plays in this volume are cial and Eco uotnic Issues. B,· One of the most frequently asked written for presentation in the church Norman L. Trott and Ross \\i. questions regarding work in the local chancel. The sets are very simple, Sanderson. N. Y.: Assn. Press, church is, "What can we do to make thus making production in the sanctu- 1938. Pp. 79. 7jc. the teachers' meetings interesting and ary less difficult. The plan is to use This is a careful analysis of the' helpful?" Dr. Shaver's book is the one of the dramas as a part of the opinions of a cross-section of white concrete answer to that question. Out vesper worship service. Scripture; Baltimore Protestants. In the main of his wide experience he makes many music, and prayers are arranged in an it may be said that clergy and laity. helpful suggestions that will be wel- effective manner to secure a well- men and women, young and old are comed by pastors, directors, superin- rounded worship experience for per- essentially "middlc-o [-the-roaders." tendents, and others. formers and congregation. The plays They were most liberal, least conser- arc varied in subject matter, well con- vative when commenting on the ideals . / l l ist ory of Jewish Life ill Modern structed, and interesting. and mission of the churcl: ; most con- Times. By Dorothy F. Zeligs. servative when dealing with private N. Y.: Bloch Pub. Co., 1938. Pp. Plays [or the Changing 11'orld. Com- property. A small proportion of the 446. $2.00. piled by Harold Ehrensperger. laity. is ~ore radical, hut a larger pro- This text is for young people. Tts N. Y.: Abingdon, 1938. Pp. 56. por tron IS more consel'Yative than the contents are particularly pertinent be- $.25. ministry. The ministers. hy and large, cause of the plight of the Jews in many This collection of four plays brings arc far from radical hut arc never-tho- parts of the world. Beginning with a the total number made available in lr ss somewhat to the "left of center" brief historical summary, it describes this series to eighteen. The same fine in dealing with social issues. A va lu- the life of Jews as they lived in Poland discrimination in choice prevails. "The able study. -and scattered to other nations. Sig- plays in this volume are intended to American Caste and the Negro Col- nificant chapters are "The Story of stimulate thinking and promote ac- lege. By Buell G. Gallagher. N.Y. : the Jews in Germany," "The Jews ill tion in this world situation." Each "Palestine Colum Ilia Press, 1938. Pp. .UJ3. Russia," and Rebuilt." selection is in one act, and may be pro- $2.50. Adults as well as youth could get a duced without royalty. Dr. Gallagher is the president of factual, informing interpretation of Talladega, a Negro college in Ala- modern Jewry from this \\('11 wr it tcn A Handbook of Drama. By Frank H. bama. An alert educator he was in- text. O'Hara and Margueritte H. Bro. Chicago: Willett, Clark, 1938. Pp. evitably confronted with' the effect, RELIGIOUS EDUCATION o.f caste and accompanying scgrcga- 247. $2.00 AMY CLOWES tion on hIS students while in college An excellent book for those who and a fter they ret ur ned to thci r horne £iviuq and ll/orkiua ill Our Couutrv. wish a clear, well-balanced introduc- communities. This book is an excel- By Edna M. Baxter. Chicago: tion to drama, it will also be stimulat- lent presentation of the resultant two- Abingdon Press, 1938. Pp. 199. ing to those who are familiar with the fold study. He first describes the na- $1.00. field. The four parts deal with the ture and results of prejudice not only This is a well planned unit for nature of drama, structure, history of grades 5 and 6 in the Christian Citi- drama, and terms used in drama. The UllelllploYlllellt Relief Tr'ithout Tavo- zenship Series, facing questions relat- dictionary of terms is a unique con- t io n. By F.. Clark Burdick. N. ing to poverty and charity, strikes and tribution. The title accurately indi- Y.: Samuel R. Leland, 1938. Pp. unions, race and international rela- cates that this is a handbook. It will 125. $1.25. tions. The history of labor through greatly assist those who read and The author holds that "our essen- the centuries is dramatically presented. study dramas. The style is simple, and tial economic problem ... is a me- Problems of miners, migrant workers, technical terms have been reduced to chanical one." If the amount of pur- and child laborers are considered. An a minimum. Interest on the part of chases of goods would equal the value effective balance is maintained be- the reader will be maintained through- created, the equation would be hal- tween these problems and the illustra- out. 16 THE GARRETTTOWER January, 1939

THE PRESIDENT'S PAGE II II

JUNE CONVOCATION Convocation will be held this year on Tuesday, June sixth, at 2 :30 P .. M. Mark the date carefully in your engagement book. Dr. Ralph Sackman will be speaker. There will be a specially featured alumni service at ten-thirty in the morning of the same day. As usual, the Garrett Fellowship Luncheon will take place between the morning and afternoon sessions. Dr. Ernest F. Tittle will preach the Baccalaureate Sermon, Sunday, June fourth. Class reunions are being planned. The classes of 1909 and 1919 are already at work. Other five-year classes will make special effort to come back and get together. * * * * * CITATIONS FOR MERIT AWARDS A committee of the Alumni Association is at work on a plan for a system of Merit Awards. It would seem that all graduates of fifty years ago should be recognized. Possibly members of the class of twenty-five years ago should receive an award in keeping with the years, of service. There is, however, another group who might receive a citation for special meritorious service in the field. Such awards should be granted by the alumni to those who have been selected for the honor by that group. Suppose, for instance, that in conferences where there are at least twenty-five alumni this group should single out one man for this recognition. Smaller conference groups would have to be linked together some way. These nominations would all be submitted to an alumni board which would make the final award. Such .citations would constitute a part of the morning session on Alumni Day. The original nominations might be made by classes rather than by conference groups, if so desired. The plan has much to commend it though, of course, there are dangerous possibilities involved. A somewhat similar procedure at Northwestern and other institutions has met with rapidly growing alumni approval. It would, at least, give a way in which to recognize considerable numbers of men who are in every way worthy. In a measure, it would offset the lamentable injustice of a so-called system of honorary degrees. Custom limits these latter awards to five or six at the most each year. Always there are ten times that number of men who by every right are entitled to recognition by Alma Mater. It is the hope of some of us that some day, a way will be found by which an alumnus who has been out of school, say ten years, may pursue certain studies and "earn the right" to wear the doctor's degree. The present system is becoming progressively impossible for all such institutions at Garrett. Meanwhile the Merit Award idea is before us. Write us your opinion on the matter.

CELEBRATING THE EIGHTY-FIFTH YEAR Before June, 1940, Garrett will have completed eighty-five years of service to the church. This event calls for special observance. On that same date, Dr. H. F. Rail will have completed forty years in the ministry and twenty-five years at Garrett. The faculty and trustees are already at work on plans for some proper recognition of these years of distinguished service.

ANOTHER CONDITIONAL LIFT One of the benevolent foundations has promised $2500.00 to Garrett IF the budget of $90,000.00 is raised in full. This is a big IF. When this gift was promised, we had already seen most of the friends who help from year to year and many of the alumni had responded. The additional five thousand needed to claim this twenty-five hundred must come from those alumni and others not yet heard from.

SCHOLARSHIPS AND LIBRARY CLUBS You remember how these clubs work. Ten members create a scholarship club. Between them, they contribute fifty dollars. This provides a quarterly scholarship for one student. In small units, this way, we hope to raise large sums for assistance to well qualified students. The Library Clubs work on a flat basis of one dollar or more per person. A large number of persons must be enlisted in each group. THE UNITING CONFERENCE-KANSAS CITY There will be many Garrett delegates and visitors. It is hoped that some sort of get-together may be planned. Special word will he sent out later. Alumni will be glad to know that representations of the nine schools of theology which will serve the new church have already had two meetings. Plans are being made for a great presentation of our claims upon and obligation to the Methodist Church.