DOCSLIB.ORG

A CASE STUDY of UPPER KRISHNA RIVER 1Doiphode Sanjay L* 2Oak Ravindra A

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A CASE STUDY of UPPER KRISHNA RIVER 1Doiphode Sanjay L* 2Oak Ravindra A International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945 Research Paper DYNAMIC FLOOD ROUTING AND UNSTEADY FLOW MODELLING: A CASE STUDY OF UPPER KRISHNA RIVER 1Doiphode Sanjay L* 2Oak Ravindra A. Address for Correspondence 1M tech Student, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, College of Engineering Pune 411043 2Former chief Research Officer, Central Water and Power Research Station, Pune 411024 ABSTRACT The movement of a flood wave in a river channel is a highly complicated phenomenon of unsteady and non uniform flow. Flood routing is a mathematical method (Model) for predicting the changing magnitude, shape and celerity of a flood wave which propagates through a river. Every year Sangli City, in Maharashtra, faces problems of floods and damages during monsoon. The problems are caused by the release of water from the reservoirs located in the Upper reaches of Krishna & Koyna Rivers. During these periods, many bridges over Krishna River get submerged, resulting cutoff in communication, inundation of the city and surrounding area. The HEC-RAS is capable of performing one-dimensional water surface profile calculations for unsteady flow for a full network of channels, a branching system or a single river reach. Unsteady flood model in HEC-RAS was set up using available survey data of Krishna and Koyna River. The Krishna River reach of length about 233 Km from the downstream of Dhom Dam to Sangli city was considered for the flood routing studies. For Koyna River the reach from downstream of Koyna dam to Krishna –Koyna confluence at Karad was also incorporated. In the year 2005, maximum flood occurred in the Sangli. For upstream boundary of the model the available flood release hydrographs of the worst year 2005 from various reservoirs in upper reaches of Sangli was used. Contribution of discharge from the tributaries and the local catchments was also incorporated. Calibration of model was done using the gauge discharge data available at Karad and Sangli. The results of model run showed that the stage and discharge worked out from the model had a good agreement with observed stage and discharge. Hence, it was concluded that the model set up can be reliably used to get the flood flow profiles at Sangli. Studies were also conducted to estimate the changes in the hydrographs under the estimated worst scenarios. The analysis of available flood data was done to identify the flood sensitivity of Sangli, due to Koyna and Dhom dam flood water release. It was found that a flood situation at Sangli mainly depends on the water release from koyna dam. Maximum limit for the flood release from Koyna dam could be 1690 cumecs, so that the flood level would reach the danger level of 540.77m at Irwin Bridge Sangli. KEYWORDS Flood routing, upper Krishna River, Koyna River, Sangli, HEC-RAS 1. INTRODUCTION Dhom dam was 634.92 cumecs which is @ 35.70% Within a hydrologic context, routing is a process of of spillway capacity of Dhom dam. (1778.19 cumecs) determining the spatial and temporal variations in Considering this fact, in future there may be flow rate along a watercourse. Flood routing may be probability of releasing more discharges from these defined as the process of computing the progressive Dams, which may create severe flood situation at time and shape of a flood wave at successive Sangli. locations along a river. The movement of a flood At present in Sangli, flood forecasting is based on wave in a river channel is a highly complicated statistical correlations between upstream and phenomenon of unsteady and non uniform flow. Not downstream gauge stations, measured rainfall in the only does the flow vary with time as the wave catchment area and gauge/discharge data of progressed downstream, but the channel properties tributaries etc. Flood routing aspects are not covered and amounts of lateral inflow/outflow can also vary. properly in these estimations. Thus the analytical solution to the problem becomes The one dimensional numerical analysis software quite complicated. HEC-RAS [Hydraulic Engineering Centre- River Every year Sangli City, in Maharashtra, faces Analysis System] is used in this study to calculate the problems of floods and damages during monsoon. water surface profiles. The problems are caused by the release of water from Main purpose of flood routing studies is to calibrate the reservoirs located in the Upper reaches of Krishna the model for water level and discharge hydrographs & Koyna Rivers. During flood periods, many bridges for specific reach / reaches based on the past data; over Krishna River get submerged, resulting cutoff in and to estimate the changes in the hydrographs under communication, inundation of the city and the estimated worst scenarios. An unsteady Hydraulic surrounding area. In 2005 from 23 rd July to 2 nd flood model of Upper Krishna River from Dhom August there was consecutive heavy daily rainfall in Dam to Sangli City has been prepared for this the catchment ranging from 84 mm to maximum of purpose. Fig: 1 shows the index map of the Krishna 462 mm, resulting in major water release from River and its various tributaries. Koyna and Dhom Dam, which resulted in to the maximum worst recorded flood at Sangli. At Irwin Bridge, Sangli the danger river level is 540.77 m. However, on 04/08/2005, water level at Irwin Bridge, Sangli was 543.38 m. for about 181 Hours. During the analysis of data for the study, it was found that the maximum water released was 2817.40 Cumecs which is @ 73% of the maximum flood release capacity of Koyna Dam at FRL. (3822.70 Cumecs) Similarly maximum water release from Fig: 1 Index Map showing study area. IJAET/Vol.III/ Issue III/July-Sept, 2012/55-59 International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945 Studies were also conducted to identify the sensitivity Prism storage and transient wedge storage. This of floods in terms of both water levels and discharges method does not account for the time changes in at Irwin Bridge Sangli, due to releases from various water flow that are transmitted as waves, dams on the upstream. instantaneously from one end of the reach to other. In 2. METHODOLOGY AND MODEL SETUP cases where there are significant back water effects 2.1 Methodology and where the channel is either very steep or very The one dimensional equations of unsteady flow flat, then dynamic effects may be significant and in derived by Saint-Venant (1871) is the theoretical such cases hydraulic routing is preferred over foundation for flood routing. The St.Venant hydrologic routing. equations consist of a conservation of mass equation 2.1.2 Hydraulic flood routing models ∂(Av ) ∂ A The hydraulic flood routing models are again + = 0.................(1) ∂x ∂ t classified into A conservation of momentum equation 1. Simplified hydraulic models 2. Complete hydraulic models ∂v ∂ v ∂ h +V + g += S f 0.....(2) 1. Simplified Hydraulic model ∂t ∂ x ∂ x Simplified hydraulic models are based on the In which t is a time, x is distance along the conservation of mass equation and simplified form of longitudinal axis of the water way, A is the cross conservation of momentum equation. sectional area, v is velocity, g is the gravity a) Kinematic Wave Models acceleration constant, h is the water surface elevation In some cases, inertial and pressure forces are much above a datum, and Sf is the friction slope which may smaller than friction and gravity forces. For such be evaluated using a steady flow empirical formula cases, Simplified form of momentum equation is So such as Chezy or Manning’s equation. = Sf, which states that the momentum of the unsteady Due to complexities of the St. Venant equations their flow is assumed to be the same as that of steady solution is not feasible, and various simplified uniform flow as described by the Chezy or Manning approximations of flood wave propagation continued equation. The kinematic wave model is limited to to be developed. Two possible approaches to the applications where single valued stage-discharge flood routing problems are available to engineers, rating exists, and where back water effects are • Hydrologic routing also known as lumped insignificant. The kinematic wave models are very routing is based on the conservation of mass popular in applications to overland flow routing of and an approximation of the relationship precipitation runoff. between flow and storage. The hydrologic b) Diffusion model routing, directly allows computation of the A diffusion model uses the continuity equation and outflow hydrograph at the downstream end of simplified form of momentum equation as the reach. ∂ h S f − = 0 the inclusion of water surface slope • Hydraulic routing also known as distributed ∂ x routing is based on the conservation of mass term allows the diffusion models to describe the and a simplified form of St. Venant attenuation (Diffusion effect) of the flood wave, and conservation of momentum equation. The accounts for backwater effects. As this models hydraulic routing requires computation of the doesn’t consider Inertial terms of momentum discharges along the river in an important equation and therefore, is limited to slow to number of intermediate points, for every time moderately rising flood waves in channels of uniform step, beside the cross sections in these geometry. intermediate points, the hydraulic parameters 2. Complete Hydraulic model like roughness coefficient are needed. In both If the complete St.Venant equations are used, the cases, the inflow hydrograph at the upstream model is known as a complete hydraulic or dynamic end of the observed reach is required. wave model. With the advent of computers, 2.1.1 Hydrologic flood routing models nowadays it is possible to solve complete St.Venant Hydrologic flood routing models are conceptual equations for flood routing.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Understanding the Alignment of the Open and Close Conduit, Maharashtra
    NOVATEUR PUBLICATIONS International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology [IJRPET] ISSN: 2454-7875 VOLUME 3, ISSUE 10, Oct. -2017 LINKING OF DHOM RESERVOIR TO NER RESERVOIR: UNDERSTANDING THE ALIGNMENT OF THE OPEN AND CLOSE CONDUIT, MAHARASHTRA. S. G. MUNDE Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune. D. R. VAIDYA Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sinhgad College of Engineering, Pune. S. S. NIKAM Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sou Venutai Polytechnic, Sinhgad Institute, Pune. N. J. SATHE Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Universal College of Engineering & Research, Pune. [email protected] ABSTRACT: KEYWORDS: Interlinking, Canal, Electrical Resistivity, Water forms the life line in human life. Increase in etc. population leads to the increase in requirement of water. There are various places in Maharashtra where I. INTRODUCTION: water scarcity is being observed and few places where Food, clothing and shelter are basic need of human surplus water is available. Inter linking of water being. In addition, water is the most essential to stay alive bodies deals with the transfer of water from surplus for human being. Water availability varies from place to region to the deficient region. place. This dissimilarity depends on rainfall intensity at The present study specifically deals with transfer of that place. Abundant water is available in Himalayan water from Dhom dam near Mahabaleshwar, which region of India, as per National Water Development comes under heavy rainfall region in Maharashtra Authority (NWDA). state and another area is Ner reservoir in Satara There are various places in Maharashtra where water district.
    [Show full text]
  • 6. Water Quality ------61 6.1 Surface Water Quality Observations ------61 6.2 Ground Water Quality Observations ------62 7
    Version 2.0 Krishna Basin Preface Optimal management of water resources is the necessity of time in the wake of development and growing need of population of India. The National Water Policy of India (2002) recognizes that development and management of water resources need to be governed by national perspectives in order to develop and conserve the scarce water resources in an integrated and environmentally sound basis. The policy emphasizes the need for effective management of water resources by intensifying research efforts in use of remote sensing technology and developing an information system. In this reference a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed on December 3, 2008 between the Central Water Commission (CWC) and National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to execute the project “Generation of Database and Implementation of Web enabled Water resources Information System in the Country” short named as India-WRIS WebGIS. India-WRIS WebGIS has been developed and is in public domain since December 2010 (www.india- wris.nrsc.gov.in). It provides a ‘Single Window solution’ for all water resources data and information in a standardized national GIS framework and allow users to search, access, visualize, understand and analyze comprehensive and contextual water resources data and information for planning, development and Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). Basin is recognized as the ideal and practical unit of water resources management because it allows the holistic understanding of upstream-downstream hydrological interactions and solutions for management for all competing sectors of water demand. The practice of basin planning has developed due to the changing demands on river systems and the changing conditions of rivers by human interventions.
    [Show full text]
  • District Survey Report 2020-2021
    District Survey Report Satara District DISTRICT MINING OFFICER, SATARA Prepared in compliance with 1. MoEF & CC, G.O.I notification S.O. 141(E) dated 15.1.2016. 2. Sustainable Sand Mining Guidelines 2016. 3. MoEF & CC, G.O.I notification S.O. 3611(E) dated 25.07.2018. 4. Enforcement and Monitoring Guidelines for Sand Mining 2020. 1 | P a g e Contents Part I: District Survey Report for Sand Mining or River Bed Mining ............................................................. 7 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 7 3. The list of Mining lease in District with location, area, and period of validity ................................... 10 4. Details of Royalty or Revenue received in Last five Years from Sand Scooping Activity ................... 14 5. Details of Production of Sand in last five years ................................................................................... 15 6. Process of Deposition of Sediments in the rivers of the District ........................................................ 15 7. General Profile of the District .............................................................................................................. 25 8. Land utilization pattern in district ........................................................................................................ 27 9. Physiography of the District ................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Degradation of River Krishna in Maharashtra – a Geographical Study
    ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF RIVER KRISHNA IN MAHARASHTRA – A GEOGRAPHICAL STUDY THE PROJECT SUBMITTED UNDER MINOR RESEARCH SCHEME IN GEOGRAPHY TO UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION (W. ZONE) BY DR. B. N. GOPHANE M. A., Ph. D. Associate Professor & Head Department of Geography, Venutai Chavan College, Karad, Tal. Karad, DIst. Satara (Maharashtra) - 415124. 2013 DECLARATION I, the undersigned Dr. B. N. Gophane, Associate Professor and Head of the Department, Venutai Chavan College, Karad declare that the Minor Research Project entitled “ Environmental Degradation of River Krishna in Maharashtra – A Geographical Study” sanctioned by University Grants Commission (W. Zone) is carried out by me. The collection of data, references and field observations are undertaken personally. To the best of my knowledge this is the original work and it is not published wholley or partly in any kind. Place: Karad Date: Dr. B. N. Gophane Principal Investigator. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Minor Research Project entitled “Environmental Degradation of River Krishna in Maharashtra – A Geographical Study” has been completed by me. The present research project is an outcome of an extensive field observations conducted by me since 1984, and 2007, when I was working on another research projects on different aspects but as little bit same region. I would like to acknowledge number of personalities and institutes on this occasion. First of all I should owe my deep sense of gratitude to holy Krishna River who has shared her emotions with me. I would like to offer my deep gratitude to the authorities of University Grants Commission (W. Zone) for sanction and financial support. I am also thankful to Director, BCUD and other authorities of Shivaji University, Kolhapur who forwarded this proposal for financial consideration.
    [Show full text]
  • Mahabaleshwar
    Mahabaleshwar Mahabaleshwar means ‘God of Great Power’ in Sanskrit. Indeed, the place is great and bountiful, rewarding the visitor with a mix of old-world charm, natural beauty and modernity. A tour of Mahabaleshwar town and the surrounding countryside would take at least a couple of days as there is much to see and experience. The town bazaar is called Malcolm Peth after the then British Governor of Bombay, Sir John Malcolm. It lies at the heart of Mahableshwar with its hotels, shops, restaurants, outlying bungalows, government offices, and jostling crowds. Mahabaleshwar has proper, motorable roads to every point worth visiting. So one could tour the place by car, jeep, or even horseback. There are many buildings and sites that take one back to the days of the Raj. There’s Mount Malcolm, the one-time residence of Governor Malcolm; Moraji Castle, where Mahatma Gandhi lived during 1945; and the Mahabaleshwar Club. As short drive from town is the beautiful Venna Lake, where one can go boating, fishing, and pony riding. Or indulge oneself at the entertainment center with its numerous food and game stalls. Near the lake, further down the road on the way to neighbouring Panchgani, are the great strawberry fields. Mahabaleshwar is known for its numerous sightseeing points, each providing a unique perspective of the majestic hill range. En route to Babington Point is Dhom dam, which is a good place to take a break. Or one could visit Old Mahabaleshwar and the famous Panchganga Mandir, which is said to contain the springs of five rivers: Koyna, Venna, Savitri, Gayatri and the sacred Krishna River.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Dams and Reservoirs in India 1 List of Dams and Reservoirs in India
    List of dams and reservoirs in India 1 List of dams and reservoirs in India This page shows the state-wise list of dams and reservoirs in India.[1] It also includes lakes. Nearly 3200 major / medium dams and barrages are constructed in India by the year 2012.[2] This list is incomplete. Andaman and Nicobar • Dhanikhari • Kalpong Andhra Pradesh • Dowleswaram Barrage on the Godavari River in the East Godavari district Map of the major rivers, lakes and reservoirs in • Penna Reservoir on the Penna River in Nellore Dist India • Joorala Reservoir on the Krishna River in Mahbubnagar district[3] • Nagarjuna Sagar Dam on the Krishna River in the Nalgonda and Guntur district • Osman Sagar Reservoir on the Musi River in Hyderabad • Nizam Sagar Reservoir on the Manjira River in the Nizamabad district • Prakasham Barrage on the Krishna River • Sriram Sagar Reservoir on the Godavari River between Adilabad and Nizamabad districts • Srisailam Dam on the Krishna River in Kurnool district • Rajolibanda Dam • Telugu Ganga • Polavaram Project on Godavari River • Koil Sagar, a Dam in Mahbubnagar district on Godavari river • Lower Manair Reservoir on the canal of Sriram Sagar Project (SRSP) in Karimnagar district • Himayath Sagar, reservoir in Hyderabad • Dindi Reservoir • Somasila in Mahbubnagar district • Kandaleru Dam • Gandipalem Reservoir • Tatipudi Reservoir • Icchampally Project on the river Godavari and an inter state project Andhra pradesh, Maharastra, Chattisghad • Pulichintala on the river Krishna in Nalgonda district • Ellammpalli • Singur Dam
    [Show full text]
  • Socio-Economic Development in Mahabaleshwar and Jaoli Tahsil of Satara District Maharashtra State India
    International Journal of Research in Social Sciences Vol. 7 Issue 12, December 2017, ISSN: 2249-2496 Impact Factor: 7.081 Journal Homepage: http://www.ijmra.us, Email: [email protected] Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A., Open J-Gage as well as in Cabell‟s Directories of Publishing Opportunities, U.S.A SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN MAHABALESHWAR AND JAOLI TAHSIL OF SATARA DISTRICT MAHARASHTRA STATE INDIA Dr. Rajendra S. Suryawanshi* Mr. Jitendra M. Godase** Abstract: The evaluation of economic development for small area is quite important as there has been a growing consensus about the need of micro level planning in the country. Knowledge of the status of development at micro level will help in identifying where a given area stands in relation to others. The study area Mahabaleshwar and Jaoli tahsil located in Sahyadri mountain ranges in north-west side of Satara district. The present study deals with the transformed villages, evaluation of the infrastructural facilities and level of socio-economic developments at village level in Mahabaleshwar and Jaoli Tahsil. A composite index of development has been formulated based on various physical, demographic, social and economic variables. All the selected variables are converted in to a common base indexing and finally they are converted in to a single index of overall development. The lowest composite score indicates less development and highest composite score indicates high development. Since last 50 years there are no tahsil boundary changed but in 2011 censes 55 villages transferred from Jaoli to Mahabaleshwar tahsil.
    [Show full text]
  • District Disaster Management Plan District - Satara 2017-18
    Revenue and forest, relief and rehabilitation department District Disaster Management Plan District - Satara 2017-18 District Disaster Management Authority COLLECTOR OFFICE, SATARA Telephone: 02162-232175, 232349 Website: www.satara.nic.in SHWETA SINGHAL, IAS DISTRICT COLLECTOR SATARA DISTRICT FOREWORD India is country which is prone to disasters, and each year there is a disastrous situation in some part or the other of our diverse country. Satara district is also prone to disasters, so hence, we can categorize Satara as a multi-hazard prone zone or district. It has been affected by almost every kind of hazards, like earthquakes, floods, drought, landslides, lightening, road accidents, crowd incidents and so on. In order to be prepared and resilient from all these disasters, a Disaster Management Plan for the district is a necessity. The District Disaster Management Plan (DDMP) plays a major role in emergency management. It has been part of a multi-level development promoted by the Maharashtra Disaster Risk Reduction Programme, which is a good initiative taken by the Government of Maharashtra. The Satara District Disaster Management Plan has been prepared to facilitate the district administration for an effectual response at the time of disaster occurrence, including positive pre-disaster prevention, mitigation and preparedness measures. The plan has been prepared as per the model framework for DDMP, set by the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). The plan includes important information and the function of various departments in field of disaster management. The plan is an inclusive document, and each chapters presented in the plan has its own value. For the preparation of the plan, every stakeholders like Revenue Department, Police Department, Health Department etc, has collectively supported and made provisions for delivering their inputs to build the plan.
    [Show full text]
  • Profile of Satara District
    47 CHAPTER NO . 3 PROFILE OF SATARA DISTRICT 3.1 Introduction :- Every district presents its own particular situation in its own special way. Its uniqueness can firstly be attributed to its natural situation. Because primarily human society tends to adjust itself to its natural environment which is not homogeneous at all over the world. Even in any district the element of heterogeneity is distinctly marked. Some parts of the districts are more advanced while in other part, where rigours of climate make life of people more difficult, remains naturally backward. Thus geographical conditions by and large determine the state of society. As time advances and human culture matures, the human element becomes more influential source in bringing about all sided development of the region and it is partly to be understood in terms of natural or environmental relationship and partly in terms of kind, character and qualities of the people. In order to understand the history – educational, social, economical, political, of a district it becomes imperative to have thorough study of its local, physical as well as socio-economic aspect. Such studies also help us to understand the relationship between co-relation and socio-economic life of the people. 3.2 Brief History of the Satara District :- “Inscriptions as old as 200 B.C. reveal that probably the oldest known place in Satara district is Karad (mentioned as Karhakada ). It is also believed that Wai in Satara district is the “Viratanagari” where Pandavas lived in the 13th year of their exile. 1 “In the Deccan, the Mauryan Empire was followed by the rule of Satvahanas.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter Iii Topography
    CHAPTER III TOPOGRAPHY MAP-1 36 ·lAP OF 3 'I I ,,.-, I -... , ', .~ ... ' -- .... ',, :......... : ' .... 26 '\ \. \ \) ' ... , \ ,; ....... ,. , ,,. , , __ ,~ I / I I N 2 ,.-- ... I,,. I _. '/ I ,'~.1' ',, I ~",, '.: ... ..,. 1 I ' I I I I ' '·, \·iE:3T.8RN GEATS '2- iVJ.AHARASHTRA 8 DISTRICT 76 Bo 84 88 92.. MAHARASHTRA STATE NAP - 2 76. 78. 80. 17-'t: ...\ r-. /'.... .~' . -·, ,-· ~--._,. \ l /' .... -· . > .. · • ~' . •,..... • ..... ,I " .__. ' . '•.., ,. .,..._ ' .,. .J '·- ·-·..' . ...: • ;· -· r·-·-·-·., 1 ..... \ ···· .. ., / ·.,..... •. ... ., : · ~· ..... ~. ·...... ... · .. ·. ... ' "' .. ., ' .\:;·· ... : ,:._ .. ·, L.,_.~.-::·· ....'J··,···;}l ·~· ., ___ .., .. :·····. .. ) ! , ·"'-~~ : ...... .·· .. · •...... :. ,.I'\.•·:· ~ I •"•.:"": :.... -;·.· .J ..::- ·- -~ ··.. :· .. ·· ... ...i , co-'' o . ··:>··"·:\... (~~ '"- '.. -~: ··.-.:.·.·· " ·· .. ···'! . .•• c:1\ : I ·-·':. .· ··.-· · ·.:') . ~i PUNE ·. :" ·. c:1 •· .• :,· j .,.\ 0 ... a: ·-·=·:.... ... ....... ~- ···:.. _::~=· .. ··. .J ..... { ··...... ,-4~ :.. SHOLAPUR <' ..~ , __ , ~ .· \ ·J·---., ~ !... ... ........,_,· .. ....···c· . % SANGLI '"' ..... "') '4-.:" ......... ·.. ,.) •J tN a: .~ ·.... ···~.: / .....} ..... l ':1 I :::.~. ·-.J '·. } 0 100 200 km ( . ' 74·--h,"' ·-· 76. 7!. .-~ SELECTED COLLECTION LOCALITIES 1 • Mahabaleshwar 24. Yavteshwar 46. Kolewadi 2. Pratapgad 25. Dhavadi 47. Nandgaon 3. Panchgani 26. Mahuli 4£L Yelgaon 4. ~·~edha 27. Borgaon 4.9. Masur 5. Bam noli 23. Viai 50. Chorjwadi 6. Kas 29. Kenjalgad 51 • Khatav 7. Kelghar ghat 30. Kamalgad
    [Show full text]
  • Comprehensive Study Report on Krishna River Stretch
    Comprehensive Study Report on Krishna River Stretch (Dhom dam to Rathare weir, Satara, Rethare wier to Rajaram Bandhara, Shirol, Sangli) Submitted by MITRA (Mass Initiative for Truth Research & Action) 2014 Acknowledgement Maharashtra Pollution Control Board had assigned the project of Comprehensive Study on Krishna River Stretch – Rathare weir to Rajaram Bandhara, Shirol, Sangli and Krishna River Stretch – Dhom dam to Rathare weir, Satara as per guide lines of CPCB Dated 25th June 2013 to MITRA. The period of survey June 2014 to Nov 2014 was limited to complete a detailed study however actual observations, site visits, water quality analysis was carried out. Secondary data was procured from MPCB as well as statistical analysis was also used for completion of the report. There were limitations to observations during the rainy season as the sugar industries and distilleries do not work during this period and as such the report is not holistic. Shortcomings in the report if any can be brought to the notice and can be changed. The following people have given their valuable help during the completion of the report and hence it is essential to acknowledge them. Hon’ble Mr Suryakant Doke, Regional Officer, MPCB Kolhapur Division; Hon’ble Mr Anil Mohekar, Regional Officer, Pune region; sub-regional officers namely Mr. Barbole - satara; Mr. Hajare – Sangli, Mr. Dholam and Mr. Holkar – Kolhapur; field officers namely Mr Prashant Bhosale, Mr Kadole, Mr Malvekar; Mr Vijay Patil, Executive Engineer of Kolhapur Irrigation Department. Commissioner, CEO Zilha Parishad, CO of Municipal Corporations, Officers of various Gram Panchayats, social activists in Kolhapur, Sangli, Satara districts, journalists all have contributed to making this report possible by making a vast data of information available to us.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 3 Profile of Western Maharashtra Region
    Chapter 3 Profile of Western Maharashtra Region 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Ahmednagar District 3.2.1 Introduction 3.2.2 History 3.2.3 Area 3.2.4 Topography 3.2.5 Rainfalls 3.2.6 Soil 3.2.7 Rivers 3.2.8 Population 3.2.8.1 District Decade-wise Growth in the Population 3.2.8.2 Taluka wise Distribution of Population 3.2.9 Agriculture 3.2.9.1 Irrigation 3.2.9.2 Pattern of Land Use 3.2.9.3 District Statistics of Land Usage (land holding) 3.2.9.4 Pattern of Cropping 3.2.9.5 The Area, Output (Production) and Yield (Productivity) of the Chief Crops 3.2.9.6 Area under Cultivation of Wheat and Jowar 3.2.10 Ahmednagar Agriculture Produce Market Committee (AAPMC) 3.3 Pune District 3.3.1 Introduction 3.3.2 History 3.3.3 Area 3.3.4 Topography 3.3.5 Rainfalls 3.3.6 Soil 113 3.3.7 Rivers 3.3.8 Population 3.3.8.1 City Decadal Population Growth 3.3.8.2 District Decadal growth rate 3.3.9 Irrigation 3.3.10 Agriculture 3.3.10.1 Irrigation 3.3.10.2 Pattern of Land Use and Land Possessed 3.3.10.3 District Statistics of Land Usage (land holding) 3.3.10.4 Pattern of Cropping 3.3.10.5 The Area, Output (Production) and Yield (Productivity) of the Chief Crops 3.3.10.6 Area under Cultivation of Wheat and Jowar 3.3.11 Pune Agriculture Produce Market Committee (AAPMC) 3.4 Satara District 3.4.1 Introduction 3.4.2 History 3.4.3 Area 3.4.4 Topography 3.4.5 Rainfalls 3.4.6 Soil 3.4.7 Rivers 3.4.8 Population 3.4.8.1 City Decadal Population Growth 3.4.8.2 District Decade-wise Growth in the Population 3.4.8.3 Taluka wise Growth of Population 3.4.9 Irrigation 3.4.10 Agriculture 3.4.10.1 Pattern of Land Use 3.4.10.2 Land Holding 3.4.10.3 Pattern of Cropping 3.4.10.4 The Area, Output and Yield of the Chief Rabi 114 3.4.10.5 Area under Cultivation of Wheat and Jowar 3.4.11 Satara Agriculture Produce Market Committee (AAPMC) 115 3.1 Introduction The selected districts of western Maharashtra region are Ahmednagar, Pune and Satara.
    [Show full text]