DOCSLIB.ORG

Erythrina Gall Wasp Biological Control

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Erythrina Gall Wasp Biological Control \ f ~LE COPY DAVlDY.aGE PHVUJS SHJMASUKURO-GEISEi! Ga11emcr Chairper.an. Soar,d ofA_g liioultuf!! JOSHGRE.E.N MORR.IS !M. ATTA U Gwemor Oe,p!J!y to abe Chal!]person Stale .of Hawaii OE?ARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 'l42B Sw.h King Street .Hcr,Dlli.l!J, :Hawai; 95814-2512 \Rt"C!te (llOBJ ;73,9500 fA)( (803) 973-S613 December 13, 2019 Director Office of Environmental Quality Control Department of Health, State of Hawaii 235 S. Beretania Street, Room 702 Honolulu, Hawaii 96813 Dear Director: With this letter, the Hawaii Department Agriculture hereby transmits the Draft Environmental Assessment and Anticipated Finding of No Significant Impact (DEA-AFONSI) for the Proposed Statewide Field Release of Aprostocetus nitens Prinsloo & Kelly (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) for Biological Control of the Erythrina Gall Wasp, Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) for publication in the next available edition of The Environmental Notice. Enclosed is a completed OEQC Publication Form, two copies of the DEA-AFONSI, an Adobe Acrobat PDF file of the same, and an eiectronic copy of the publication form in MS Word. Simultaneous with this letter, we have submitted the summary of the action in a text file by electronic mail to your office. If there are any questions, please contact Christopher Kishimoto, Plant Quarantine Branch Entomologist at: (808) 832-0581 or [email protected]. Sincerely, an Ho Manager uarantine Branch Enclosures: 1. OEQC Publication Form (Agency) 2. Draft Environmental Assessment for the Proposed Statewide Field Release of Aprostocetus nitens Prinsloo & Kelly (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) for Biological Control of the Erythrina Gall Wasp, Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) 20-164 Office of Environmental Quality Control February 2016 Revision AGENCY PUBLICATION FORM Project Name: Proposed Statewide Field Release of Aprostocetus nitens for Biological Control of the Erythrina Gall Wasp (Quadrastichus erythrinae) Project Short Name: Erythrina Gall Wasp Biological Control DEA HRS §343-5 Trigger(s): (1) Propose the use of state or county lands or the use of state or county funds Island(s): Statewide Judicial District(s): N/A – Statewide TMK(s): N/A Permit(s)/Approval(s): USDA-APHIS-PPQ and Board of Agriculture (HDOA Plant Quarantine Branch) Proposing/Determining State of Hawaiʻi Department of Agriculture Agency: Contact Name, Email, Darcy Oishi; [email protected]; (808) 973-9524; 1428 South King Street Honolulu, Hawaiʻi Telephone, Address 96814 Accepting Authority: (for EIS submittals only) Contact Name, Email, Telephone, Address Consultant: SWCA Environmental Consultants Contact Name, Email, Danielle Frohlich; [email protected]; (808) 548-7922; 307a Kamani Street Honolulu, Hawaiʻi 96813 Telephone, Address Status (select one) Submittal Requirements __X__ DEA-AFNSI Submit 1) the proposing agency notice of determination/transmittal letter on agency letterhead, 2) this completed OEQC publication form as a Word file, 3) a hard copy of the DEA, and 4) a searchable PDF of the DEA; a 30-day comment period follows from the date of publication in the Notice. ____ FEA-FONSI Submit 1) the proposing agency notice of determination/transmittal letter on agency letterhead, 2) this completed OEQC publication form as a Word file, 3) a hard copy of the FEA, and 4) a searchable PDF of the FEA; no comment period follows from publication in the Notice. ____ FEA-EISPN Submit 1) the proposing agency notice of determination/transmittal letter on agency letterhead, 2) this completed OEQC publication form as a Word file, 3) a hard copy of the FEA, and 4) a searchable PDF of the FEA; a 30-day comment period follows from the date of publication in the Notice. ____ Act 172-12 EISPN Submit 1) the proposing agency notice of determination letter on agency letterhead and 2) this (“Direct to EIS”) completed OEQC publication form as a Word file; no EA is required and a 30-day comment period follows from the date of publication in the Notice. ____ DEIS Submit 1) a transmittal letter to the OEQC and to the accepting authority, 2) this completed OEQC publication form as a Word file, 3) a hard copy of the DEIS, 4) a searchable PDF of the DEIS, and 5) a searchable PDF of the distribution list; a 45-day comment period follows from the date of publication in the Notice. ____ FEIS Submit 1) a transmittal letter to the OEQC and to the accepting authority, 2) this completed OEQC publication form as a Word file, 3) a hard copy of the FEIS, 4) a searchable PDF of the FEIS, and 5) a searchable PDF of the distribution list; no comment period follows from publication in the Notice. ____ FEIS Acceptance The accepting authority simultaneously transmits to both the OEQC and the proposing agency a letter Determination of its determination of acceptance or nonacceptance (pursuant to Section 11-200-23, HAR) of the FEIS; no comment period ensues upon publication in the Notice. FEIS Statutory Timely statutory acceptance of the FEIS under Section 343-5(c), HRS, is not applicable to agency Acceptance actions. ____ Supplemental EIS The accepting authority simultaneously transmits its notice to both the proposing agency and the Determination OEQC that it has reviewed (pursuant to Section 11-200-27, HAR) the previously accepted FEIS and determines that a supplemental EIS is or is not required; no EA is required and no comment period ensues upon publication in the Notice. Page 1 of 2 Office of Environmental Quality Control Agency Publication Form February 2016 Revision ____ Withdrawal Identify the specific document(s) to withdraw and explain in the project summary section. ____ Other Contact the OEQC if your action is not one of the above items. Project Summary Provide a description of the proposed action and purpose and need in 200 words or less. The HDOA with support from the Hawaiʻi Department of Land and Natural Resources, proposes the release of a eulophid ectoparasitoid, Aprostocetus nitens, to complement Eurytoma erythrinae for biocontrol of the erythrina gall wasp (EGW), Quadrastichus erythrinae, an invasive pest species that has attacked and quickly killed hundreds of Erythrina spp. trees in Hawaiʻi including the native wiliwili, Erythrina sandwicensis. Eurytoma erythrinae, a natural enemy of EGW, was collected from Tanzania and released in Hawaiʻi in November 2008 following rigorous specificity testing. Eurytoma erythrinae is an ectoparasitoid that attacks EGW by feeding on it larvae. Six months after release, E. erythrinae established successfully and wiliwili trees began to recover, however, damage by EGW on flowers, seed pods, and seedlings of wiliwili persists. Galls formed by EGW on flowers and seedling are usually small and scattered but E. erythrinae fares well only on large galls. This Draft Environmental Assessment supports the release of a second biocontrol agent, Aprostocetus nitens, to complement E. erythrinae to control EGW. Collected in EGW’s native region of Africa, A. nitens can complete development on a single EGW and survives well on small and large galls. Testing has proven A. nitens to be host specific to EGW. Page 2 of 2 Field Release of Aprostocetus nitens Prinsloo & Kelly (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) for Biological Control of the Erythrina Gall Wasp, Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Prepared by Hawaiʻi Department Agriculture 1428 South King Street Honolulu, HI 96814 December 2019 FIELD RELEASE OF APROSTOCETUS NITENS PRINSLOO & KELLY (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE: TETRASTICHINAE) FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF THE ERYTHRINA GALL WASP, QUADRASTICHUS ERYTHRINAE KIM (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT DECEMBER 2019 Prepared by Hawaiʻi Department of Agriculture 1428 South King Street Honolulu, HI 96814 Field Release of Aprostocetus nitens for Biological Control of the Erythrina Gall Wasp, Quadrastichus erythrinae ABSTRACT/EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Erythrina gall wasp (Quadrastichus erythrinae) was first detected in Hawai‘i on the island of O‘ahu in 2005. This non-native species quickly spread to Erythrina species throughout the state, including wiliwili (Erythrina sandwicensis), a highly valued dominant species of Hawai‘i’s lowland dry forests (Figure 1). The infestation of Hawai‘i by Erythrina gall wasp has resulted in the defoliation and mortality of thousands of Erythrina trees throughout the state, and it was not until the approval and release in 2008 of Eurytoma erythrinae, a wasp parasitoid of Erythrina gall wasp, that wiliwili populations began to show signs of recovery. Ongoing monitoring of wiliwili has shown that inflorescences and seed pods are still being negatively affected by the gall wasp. A second biocontrol, Aprostocetus nitens, has been studied as a complementary biocontrol to E. erythrinae, and it is hoped that this species will further reduce the gall wasp’s negative impacts. The Hawaiʻi Department Agriculture (HDOA) is proposing to release A. nitens to reduce the impact of the gall wasp. This environmental assessment fulfills the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act and the Hawaii Environmental Policy Act by detailing the results of host specificity and biological studies of A. nitens. An environmental assessment is needed to acquire the necessary state and federal permits for the release of this insect. Figure 1. Flowering wiliwili (Erythrina sandwicensis); Photo by Forest & Kim Starr. i Field Release of Aprostocetus nitens for Biological Control of the Erythrina Gall Wasp, Quadrastichus erythrinae CONTENTS Abstract/Executive
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) 321-356 ©Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; Download Unter
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Entomofauna Jahr/Year: 2007 Band/Volume: 0028 Autor(en)/Author(s): Yefremova Zoya A., Ebrahimi Ebrahim, Yegorenkova Ekaterina Artikel/Article: The Subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae in Iran, with description of new species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) 321-356 ©Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Entomofauna ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ENTOMOLOGIE Band 28, Heft 25: 321-356 ISSN 0250-4413 Ansfelden, 30. November 2007 The Subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae in Iran, with description of new species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Zoya YEFREMOVA, Ebrahim EBRAHIMI & Ekaterina YEGORENKOVA Abstract This paper reflects the current degree of research of Eulophidae and their hosts in Iran. A list of the species from Iran belonging to the subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae is presented. In the present work 47 species from 22 genera are recorded from Iran. Two species (Cirrospilus scapus sp. nov. and Aprostocetus persicus sp. nov.) are described as new. A list of 45 host-parasitoid associations in Iran and keys to Iranian species of three genera (Cirrospilus, Diglyphus and Aprostocetus) are included. Zusammenfassung Dieser Artikel zeigt den derzeitigen Untersuchungsstand an eulophiden Wespen und ihrer Wirte im Iran. Eine Liste der für den Iran festgestellten Arten der Unterfamilien Eu- lophinae, Entedoninae und Tetrastichinae wird präsentiert. Mit vorliegender Arbeit werden 47 Arten in 22 Gattungen aus dem Iran nachgewiesen. Zwei neue Arten (Cirrospilus sca- pus sp. nov. und Aprostocetus persicus sp. nov.) werden beschrieben. Eine Liste von 45 Wirts- und Parasitoid-Beziehungen im Iran und ein Schlüssel für 3 Gattungen (Cirro- spilus, Diglyphus und Aprostocetus) sind in der Arbeit enthalten.
    [Show full text]
  • Restoring the Wiliwili Forest of Waikoloa by Jen Lawson, Waikoloa Dry Forest Initiative
    Restoring the Wiliwili Forest of Waikoloa by Jen Lawson, Waikoloa Dry Forest Initiative Waikoloa Village on Hawai‘i Island was built in an area that was once a native Ha- waiian tropical dryland forest, one of the most biologically diverse and beautiful eco- systems of our islands. Not that a casual ob- server would know that looking at Waikoloa today. The lowland dry forests of the past have been almost completely lost, largely due to human activities, the introduction and ex- pansion of feral ungulates, invasive plant spe- cies and an increase in fire frequency. What is left is precious. Although fragmented and degraded, the areas of native forest that still persist are precious, beautiful and inspiring Wiliwili flower places and the wiliwili forest of Waikoloa is one of those amazing places worthy of preservation. In 2003 members of the Waikoloa Village community, that would later form the Waikoloa Dry For- est Initiative (WDFI), saw something startling happening in their community. Ancient wiliwili (Erythrina sandwicensis) trees were being removed from the native soil that had been their home for hundreds of years and being transplanted into the landscapes of wiliwili enthusiasts wealthy enough to procure one from the wild. The small group of citizen stewards was effective in preventing the removal and sale of any more wiliwili trees in the area and also began a movement to change the future of the landscape in Waikoloa. Today WDFI manages the Waikoloa Dry Forest Preserve which protects nearly 300 acres of lowland dry forest including many of the wiliwili trees that remain in the area.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Genus Larrisson Menke, 1967, and Description of the New Genus Larrissa (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae)
    JHR 25: 35–82A review (2012) of the genus Larrisson Menke, 1967, and description of the new genus Larrissa... 35 doi: 10.3897/JHR.25.2396 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.pensoft.net/journals/jhr A review of the genus Larrisson Menke, 1967, and description of the new genus Larrissa (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae) Wojciech J. Pulawski† Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse † urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:ADB010F9-1DB3-4FA5-BEB5-6716AB2E0ED4 Corresponding author: Wojciech J. Pulawski ([email protected]) Academic editor: Stefan Schmidt | Received 20 November 2011 | Accepted 15 December 2012 | Published 23 March 2012 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BB6375D0-B9C1-448F-BE35-2EF89EECA8E9 Citation: Pulawski WJ (2012) A review of the genus Larrisson Menke, 1967, and description of the new genus Larrissa (Hymenoptera, Crabronidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 25: 35–82. doi: 10.3897/JHR.25.2396 Abstract Larrisson menkei Pagliano, 1995, is transferred to Clitemnestra comb. n. and twelve new species of Larris- son are described: armatus, carinatus, latifrons, niger, orbitalis, punctatus, quintus, spinosus, sulcatus, tegula- ris, tibialis, and variegatus, all from Australia. Based on a cladistic analysis of the genus, Larrisson nedymus Menke is transferred to Larrissa gen. n. Additional locality records are provided for Larrisson abnormis Turner, azyx Menke, rieki Menke, and for Larrissa nedyma (Menke). An updated key to the species of Larrisson and Larrissa is provided. Keywords Taxonomy, revision, Larrisson, new genus, Larrissa Introduction Larrisson is a little known, rarely collected, strictly Australian genus of the solitary wasp family Crabronidae. It was established for Sericophorus abnormis Turner, 1914 by Menke (1967) who in 1979 added three new species, revised the genus, and provided a key to their identification.
    [Show full text]
  • Pua Ka Wiliwili, Nanahu Ka Manō: Understanding Sharks in Pua Ka
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital Commons@Wayne State University Wayne State University Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints WSU Press 7-1-2020 Pua ka Wiliwili, Nanahu ka Manō: Understanding Sharks in Hawaiian Culture Noelani Puniwai University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol_preprints Recommended Citation Puniwai, Noelani, "Pua ka Wiliwili, Nanahu ka Manō: Understanding Sharks in Hawaiian Culture" (2020). Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints. 174. https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol_preprints/174 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the WSU Press at DigitalCommons@WayneState. It has been accepted for inclusion in Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@WayneState. Pua ka Wiliwili, Nanahu ka Manō: Understanding Sharks in Hawaiian Culture Noelani Puniwai1* 1Kamakakūokalani Center for Hawaiian Studies, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaiʻi, USA. *Correspondence to: Noelani Puniwai, Kamakakūokalani Center for Hawaiian Studies, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, 2645 Dole Street, Room 209BB, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. E- mail: [email protected]. Short Title: Understanding Sharks in Hawaiian Culture KEY WORDS: SHARKS, WORLDVIEW, CLASSIFICATION, HAWAI’I, LANGUAGE. Abstract Kanaka maoli (Indigenous Hawaiians) are blessed with a written literature that documents observations and relationships with our environment in the form of chants, stories, and genealogies passed down orally for centuries. These literatures connect us to our ancestral knowledge and highlight species, places, and processes of importance. Sayings, such as this one from the Kumulipo (our creation story) Pua ka wiliwili, nanahu ka manō, is an example of the place of nature, man, and a specific creature the shark in ecological phenology.
    [Show full text]
  • Cynipidae, Curculionoidea E Cecidomyiidae Galligeni in Sicilia: Stato Delle Conoscenze E Nuovi Dati
    Dottorato in Scienze Agrarie e Forestali Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie e Forestali Settore Scientifico Disciplinare Entomologia generale e applicata CYNIPIDAE, CURCULIONOIDEA E CECIDOMYIIDAE GALLIGENI IN SICILIA: STATO DELLE CONOSCENZE E NUOVI DATI IL DOTTORE IL COORDINATORE GIULIANO CERASA STEFANO COLAZZA IL TUTOR IL CO-TUTOR VIRGILIO CALECA BRUNO MASSA CICLO XXV ANNO 2015 Indice Introduzione …………………………………………………….………..……………….……….. 2 Scopi della ricerca ………………………………………………………………………......…...… 5 Sintesi dell’attività svolta nel triennio 2012-2014 ……………………………….……………..... 5 Elencazione e individuazione in Sicilia dei Cynipidae galligeni segnalati nei lavori di De Stefani: sinonimie e combinazioni nomenclatoriali ………………………………………………7 Capitolo 1 - Nuovi reperti di insetti galligeni ed inquilini in alcuni paesi del Mediterraneo, con note biologiche ...……….…………..………………………………….…………….………………..... 21 Capitolo 2 - Nuovi reperti di Cinipidi galligeni e inquilini per l‟Italia e la Sicilia e loro piante ospiti nuove per la Regione Paleartica …………………………………………………………………... 44 Capitolo 3 - Description of asexual generation of a new Chilaspis Mayr (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) on Quercus suber ...………………………………………………………………………………... 61 Capitolo 4 – Nuove segnalazioni e nuove specie di cecidomidi delle galle (Diptera Cecidomyiidae) per la Sicilia ……………………………………………………………………………..………… 73 Capitolo 5 - Quattro nuovi coleotterocecidi di Sicilia e altri reperti interessanti ………..……... 106 Capitolo 6 - Nuovi lavori di Teodosio De Stefani non presenti nei precedenti elenchi
    [Show full text]
  • ENTOMOLOGY NEWSLETTER ~ Department of Entomology Vo 1
    / ENTOMOLOGY NEWSLETTER ~ Department of Entomology Vo 1. 3, No. 1 University of Minnesota Ma r. 14, 1986 Monarch Migration: IN THIS ISSUE: an Endangered Phenomenon? Articles: Monarch Migration NCB-ESA Meetings by Nancy Read and Marc Epstein New Books Faculty News Few insects are better known in Greetings the U.S. than the monarch butterf 1y. The Frenatae activities monarch (Danaus p1exippus L.) is found Jobs throughout the American continent and has spread through much of the Pacific Next newsletter deadline: Apr. 14 islands, including Australia and New Zealand. Populations in the temperate NCB Meetings Update zones can avoid the vagaries of winter by Va 1 Cervenka weather by migrating to areas with cool but fairly stable conditions, such as . As the NCB-ESA meetings rapidly sheltered coastal areas in California or approach (Mar. 24-27), excitement at the the fir forests in the volcanic moun­ U. of Minn. ;s mounting to a fever tains in Mexico. 'pitch. The Local Arrangements Committee Dr. Lincoln Brower of the Univ. of has been work i ng extra hard and is busy Florida gave a seminar last week on the with last-minute details to make this physiology of the Mexican overwintering conference the best yet. You may want monarch colonies. He and his col leagues to make note of these recent changes and have shown that temperatures are a crit­ announcements: ical factor in survival. The monarchs There has been a change of speakers overwinter in reproductive diapause, and at the student symposium. Carl Barfield if cond i t ions are too warm they may of the University of Florida will be dehydrate or use up their ,1imited nutri­ replacing Grace Goodell, and Florence ent reserves.
    [Show full text]
  • Pollination and Botanic Gardens Contribute to the Next Issue of Roots
    Botanic Gardens Conservation International Education Review Volume 17 • Number 1 • May 2020 Pollination and botanic gardens Contribute to the next issue of Roots The next issue of Roots is all about education and technology. As this issue goes to press, most botanic gardens around the world are being impacted by the spread of the coronavirus Covid-19. With many Botanic Gardens Conservation International Education Review Volume 16 • Number 2 • October 2019 Citizen gardens closed to the public, and remote working being required, Science educators are having to find new and innovative ways of connecting with visitors. Technology is playing an ever increasing role in the way that we develop and deliver education within botanic gardens, making this an important time to share new ideas and tools with the community. Have you developed a new and innovative way of engaging your visitors through technology? Are you using technology to engage a Botanic Gardens Conservation International Education Review Volume 17 • Number 1 • April 2020 wider audience with the work of your garden? We are currently looking for a variety of contributions including Pollination articles, education resources and a profile of an inspirational garden and botanic staff member. gardens To contribute, please send a 100 word abstract to [email protected] by 15th June 2020. Due to the global impacts of COVID-19, BGCI’s 7th Global Botanic Gardens Congress is being moved to the Australian spring. Join us in Melbourne, 27 September to 1 October 2021, the perfect time to visit Victoria. Influence and Action: Botanic Gardens as Agents of Change will explore how botanic gardens can play a greater role in shaping our future.
    [Show full text]
  • Wiliwili Gall Wasp Invasion Length: One Class Period with Optional Homework Assignment
    Activity #6 Invasive Species Unit 3 Activity #6 Wiliwili Gall Wasp Invasion Length: One class period with optional homework assignment Prerequisite Activity: None Objectives: • Trace the path of the 2005 wiliwili gall wasp invasion on Maui using real-life data. • Identify vectors ad pathways that facilitate the spread of invasive species. • Devise strategies for stopping an invasive pest. • Predict the efficacy of control strategies, based on existing and plausible environmental factors. Vocabulary: biological control (or biocontrol) Erythrina gall wasp (EGW) deciduous vector dormancy ••• Class Period One: Exploring the Gall Wasp Invasion on Google Earth In Advance This exercise requires access to Google Earth (free software available for download at www.earth. google.com) and the Wiliwili Gall Wasp Hoike.kmz file (included with this curriculum and available for download at www.hoikecurriculum.org). It’s best to pre-load computers with the program and file, rather than use class time to do so. Ideally students will work in small groups at their own computers as you lead them through the lesson, using a projector and screen. If that’s not possible, a single computer and projector will suffice. Prior to teaching the lesson, open Google Earth. If you’re using the software for the first time, take a few moments to learn how zoom, pan, search, etc. using the “Navigating Google Earth” tutorial avail- able at www.earth.google.com. It is best, though not necessary, to use Google Earth while connected to the Internet. Explore the Wiliwili Gall
    [Show full text]
  • Remnant Wiliwili Forest Habitat at Wailea 670, Maui, Hawai`I: II. Comments on the Draft Environmental Impact Statement
    SPECIAL REPORT Maui Ecosystems at Risk Remnant Wiliwili Forest Habitat at Wailea 670, Maui, Hawai`i: II. Comments On the Draft Environmental Impact Statement AUGUST 2010 Lee Altenberg, Ph.D. Associate Editor, BioSystems Journal (Elsevier) Kihei, Maui, Hawai`i 96753-7118 • telephone: 808.875.0745 • [email protected] • dynamics.org/Wailea670 Wiliwili Forest at Wailea 670: II. Comments on Draft EIS!Lee Altenberg Summary The proposed project represents the largest deliberate destruction of lowland Ha- waiian dry forest ecosystem to occur on Maui in decades. Lowland Hawaiian dry forest ecosystem is among the twenty most endangered ecosystems in the United States. The DEIS compares this remnant with other remnants only to denigrate its conservation value and justify the proposed destruction of some 72% of this rem- nant, and severe fragmentation of another 14%. But it is silent on the importance of large, unfragmented habitat for conservation of biodiversity, and the fact that the project contains about the fourth largest of eight remaining large contiguous rem- nants of lowland dry forest on Maui. Moreover, the remnant is some 4 miles from Pu`u O Kali, which contains a number of listed endangered plant species, and it is likely that it could serve as critical habitat in their recovery. All of these eight rem- nants of this endangered ecosystem should be preserved and dedicated to restora- tion efforts. General Comments Lowland Hawaiian dry forest is an endangered ecosystem. Government and private ac- tions have allowed this ecosystem to be reduced to amounts and states of degradation that threaten its long-term existence.
    [Show full text]
  • Gall-Making Insects and Mites Michael Merchant*
    E-397 9/13 Gall-Making Insects and Mites Michael Merchant* A gall is an abnormal swelling of plant tissue. It can es associated with feeding, by insect or mite excre- be caused by mechanical injury or by several species tions, or simply by the presence of the insect or mite of insects, mites, nematodes, fungi and bacteria. In in or on the plant tissue. Once stimulated, the plant fact, there are more than 2,000 species of gall-making produces gall tissue to surround the egg or immature insects in the United States. The association between insect or mite. As it grows, the gall and the insect/mite the gall-making organism and the host plant is usu- use nutrients from the host plant. Gall makers may ally quite specific. Different organisms produce galls live within individual chambers or within commu- of characteristic size, shape and color. These visual nal chambers inside galls, depending on the species. characteristics are useful in species identification. This Mature galls stop growing and cease to use host plant publication has basic information on the biology and nutrients. The developing insects or mites remain pro- ecology of common gall-making insects and mites and tected inside mature galls, grazing on the ready food suggestions for managing galls. source. Gall Development Damage and Host Plants Galls usually occur on leaves and stems, but also Gall-making insects are generally not considered may occur on flowers, fruits, twigs, branches, trunks pests, and some galls are even considered attractive and roots. Some galls are easy to recognize and the and are used in flower arrangements and other crafts.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Interactions Among Host Plants, Lepidoptera Leaf Miners And
    SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología ISSN: 0300-5267 [email protected] Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología España Yefremova, Z. A.; Kravchenko, V. D. Interactions among host plants, Lepidoptera leaf miners and their parasitoids in the forest- steppe zone of Russia (Insecta: Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera) SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología, vol. 43, núm. 170, junio, 2015, pp. 271-280 Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45541421012 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 271-280 Interactions among host 3/6/15 10:45 Página 271 SHILAP Revta. lepid., 43 (170), junio 2015: 271-280 eISSN: 2340-4078 ISSN: 0300-5267 Interactions among host plants, Lepidoptera leaf miners and their parasitoids in the forest-steppe zone of Russia (Insecta: Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera) Z. A. Yefremova & V. D. Kravchenko Abstract The article reports on the quantitative description of the food web structure of the community consisting of 65 species of Lepidoptera leaf miners reared from 34 plant species, as well as 107 species of parasitoid eulophid wasps (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). The study was conducted in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga in Russia over 13 years (2000-2012). Leaf miners have been found to be highly host plant-specific. Most of them are associated with only one or two plant species and therefore the number of links between trophic levels is 73, which is close to the total number of Lepidoptera species (linkage density is 1.12).
    [Show full text]
  • The Inky Story of the Dinky Oak Gall
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln USGS Staff -- ubP lished Research US Geological Survey 2014 The nkyI Story of the Dinky Oak Gall Ken Sulak research biologist with the U.S. Geological Survey (Biological Resources), [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub Part of the Geology Commons, Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons, Other Earth Sciences Commons, and the Other Environmental Sciences Commons Sulak, Ken, "The nkI y Story of the Dinky Oak Gall" (2014). USGS Staff -- Published Research. 1066. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub/1066 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the US Geological Survey at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in USGS Staff -- ubP lished Research by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Volume 31: Number 1 > 2014 The Quarterly Journal of the Florida Native Plant Society Palmetto The Inky Story of the Dinky Oak Gall ● A Native Celebration ● The Rebirth of Cape Florida Pea galls on live oak leaves (Quercus virginiana) induced by Belonocnema treatae, a gall wasp. The Inky Story of the Dinky Oak Gall Article and photos by Ken Sulak Spring in North Florida – and all those magnificent live oaks are sporting a bright new flush of green leaves. Last year’s old clothes, those worn out leaves now lie dry and brown on the forest floor. But look closely and you will soon notice that many of those leaves are decorated with rows or clusters of little round woody galls on their underside, like little brown pearls.
    [Show full text]