Operating Systems Course #6 Filesystems Răzvan Daniel ZOTA Faculty of Cybernetics, Statistics and Economic Informatics
[email protected] http://zota.ase.ro/os Introduction to filesystems What is a filesystem? • A filesystem is an integral part of an operating system, consisting of files, directories and all the information needed to access, locate (and recover, if needed) and manipulate them. 2 File system structure – Unix/Linux File System Structure Unix Operating System “Root” Directory Unix Operating System “Root” Directory / bin dev etc lib opt tmp usr var P K jdk-1.1 bin lib man spool 3Com SCO Skunk97 acct cron mail terminfo uucp 3 File system structure – Windows Example: 4 The most important Unix directories /bin UNIX commands /dev Devices directory Files required to boot the system and communicate, and /etc scripts to control the boot process /kernel Contains the kernel and drivers for the kernel /mnt The “mount” directory; reserved for mounting filesystems /opt locally installed packages and files Files required to start the system and scripts to control /sbin the boot process /shlib Shared libraries /tmp Temporary directory /usr User routines 5 The most important Linux directories /bin Binary (executable) files – basic system programs System boot directory. The kernel, module links, system /boot map, and boot manager reside here /dev Devices directory /etc System wide configuration scripts Process directory. Contains information and statistics /proc about running processes and kernel parameters System wide device directory. Contains information and /sys statistics about device and device names /tmp Temporary directory /usr/bin More system binaries /usr/local/bin Miscellaneous binaries local to the particular machine /usr/share/doc Documentation for installed packages 6 OSs and supported filesystems OS Filesystems Windows 7/8/10 NTFS, FAT16, FAT32 Mac OS X HFS+ (Hierarchical File System Plus) Linux Ext 2, Ext 3, Ext 4 •NTFS (New Technology File System)- was introduced in Windows NT and at present is major file system for Windows.