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Kṛṣṇacaryāpādasya Dohākoṣaṭīke

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Kṛṣṇacaryāpādasya Dohākoṣaṭīke Kṛṣṇacaryāpādasya Dohākoṣaṭīke A Study of its Commentaries: Edited, Translated, and Annotated, together with a Survey of his Life and Works and a Study on the Dohā as a Literary Genre Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades des Doktors der Philosophie an der Fakultät Geisteswissenschaften der Universität Hamburg im Promotionsfach Indologie (South Asian Studies) vorgelegt von Julian Schott, M.A. Hamburg, July, 2019 Supervisors - Gutachter 1. Prof. Dr. Harunaga Isaacson 2. Prof. Dr. Dorji Wangchuk Disputation Committee - Prüfungskomision The Oral Viva took place the 16th November, 2018. Member of the Committee were 1. Prof. Dr. Harunaga Isaacson 2. Prof. Dr. Dorji Wangchuk 3.Prof. Dr. Michael Zimmermann Acknowledgements First and foremost I would like to thank my principal teacher and supervisor Prof. Harunaga Isaacson. It goes without saying that it was my utmost plea- sure to have studied and read with the “Hamburg crew”, has been a great source of inspiration and support for me, since I began my M.A. studies there in 2012. I make wishes for being able to pass on—even if it would just be merely a piece of—that support and inspiration I have received myself in the circle of my teachers, friends, and colleagues as to ensure the authentic transmis- sion of this genuine lineage of ideological and critical studies, not only of scholastic, but as well as human qualities. Special thanks I would like to express to my good friend (in professional as well as in personal life) Torsten, whom I have the pleasure to know since my time in Hamburg in the Master Studies and with whom (over the time) I have read, as well as discussed quite some Sanskrit passages, from many sources, also some of those contained in this work. That was a lot of fun. Also, I like to express my warmest thanks for my friend Paul, a gifted and quick editor, who generously was polishing some of my poor English. More special thanks are owed to Hana and Senge, my parents, Jim, Karma Guen, and all friends who have been a loving and firm bases and current support for me. As well, I would like to express my gratitude towards the CSMC for their financial support, that gave me the chance to conduct my research. Last but not least, I wish to express the luck and great fortune to have met with the buddhamaṇḍala that have been kept, preserved, and transmit- ted by Inida’s and Tibet’s most realised and greatest masters, without whom neither me nor any of my kind would have the pleasure to conduct researches as the one in front. | phyag ’tshal ba dang mchod cing bshags pa dang | | rjes su yi rang bskul zhing gsol ba yi | | dge ba cung zad bdag gis ci bsags pa | | thams cad bdag gis byang chub pyhir bsngo’o || Whatever slightest merit I have gained – through homage, offering, and confession, rejoicing, turning of the (dharmacakra), and requesting (of teachings) – I dedicate to all sentient beings so that (they quickly reach the state of) awakening. Contents Scope and Limitations of the Present Work . ix Outline . xiii Future studies . xiv I The Dohā, it’s Genre, Content and Context 1 1 What is a Dohā 2 A Provisional Summary . 6 1.1 Dohās - A Contextualization . 13 1.1.1 Mode and Conduct . 14 1.1.2 Soteriological Considerations . 18 1.1.3 The “Performance” of the Dohās ............ 21 1.2 A Generic Group: Dohās, Vajra- and Caryāgītis ........ 24 1.2.1 Performance Songs . 26 1.2.2 Vajra Songs . 29 1.2.3 Conclusion . 30 1.3 General Contents and Structural Outline . 33 1.3.1 Summary . 42 2 Dohās, their Commentaries and Milieu 44 2.1 Relation of Mūla and Ṭīkā .................... 44 2.1.1 Standardization of Knowledge and Curricula . 47 2.2 Language - Mūla and Ṭīkā .................... 51 2.2.1 Glossing and Interpretation . 53 2.3 Orality and Literacy . 60 3 Dohā-writings within the bKa’ brgyud-school 62 3.1 Linking Dohā and Mahāmudrā ................. 62 3.2 Classification . 67 II Kṛṣṇacaryā’s Life and Works 72 1 Life Story, Naming and Dates 73 1.1 The Life Story of Ācāryakṛṣṇacaryā . 74 1.1.1 Introduction . 74 1.1.2 Birth and formal education . 78 1.1.3 Encounter with the Main Teacher and the Ḍākinī . 78 1.1.4 Bhadri Ḍākinī granting the Bone-ornaments . 79 1.1.5 Period of Training and Performing . 80 1.1.6 Miraculous Acts . 82 1.1.7 His Death and after-death Manifestation . 89 1.2 Supplements . 92 1.2.1 Various Additional Narrative Elements . 92 1.2.2 Territory . 96 1.2.3 His Six Main Students According to his Life Story . 97 1.3 Names Associated with Kṛṣṇacaryā . 100 1.4 Dating Kṛṣṇacaryā . 106 1.4.1 The Younger . 106 2 His Poetic Works and other Writings 112 2.1 His Poetic Writings . 112 2.2 The two primary collections . 115 2.2.1 The Dohākoṣa and it’s two commentaries - ṭīke .... 115 2.2.2 Caryākoṣagītis and the Kāṇhapä Doha Thorbu ..... 118 2.3 The Doha mDzod-brgyad and the rGya-gzhung ......... 120 2.3.1 Doha mDzod-brgyad ................... 120 2.3.2 rGya-gzhung ....................... 123 2.4 Other Works Attributed to Kṛṣṇacaryā . 125 2.5 Important Historic Figures . 130 2.5.1 The commentator Amṛtavajra . 130 2.5.2 The Tibetan Translators of Kṛṣṇacaryās works’ and their relation to the bKa’ brgyud pa . 132 2.5.3 Tāranātha and Kṛṣṇacaryā . 134 III Kāṇhapādasya Dohākoṣaṭīke - Edition 136 Introductory Remarks and technical Notes . 137 Description of the Sources . 138 Dohākoṣaṭīkā . 138 Mekhalāṭīkā . 140 Citations in the *Caryākoṣagītivṛtti . 142 The Tibetan Translations . 143 Stemma . 146 Meter . 147 Technical Remarks and Organisation . 152 Sigla Codicum . 156 Signs and Abbreviations . 160 Critical Edition 164 §1.................................... 164 §2.................................... 170 §3.................................... 174 §4.................................... 185 §5.................................... 195 §6.................................... 201 §7.................................... 205 §8.................................... 209 §9.................................... 222 §10 ................................... 229 §11 ................................... 234 §12 ................................... 237 §13 ................................... 240 §14 ................................... 252 §15 ................................... 262 §16 ................................... 266 §17 ................................... 273 §18 ................................... 276 §19 ................................... 279 §20 ................................... 283 §21 ................................... 287 §22 ................................... 292 §23 ................................... 301 §24 ................................... 304 §25 ................................... 307 §26 ................................... 312 §27 ................................... 314 §28 ................................... 318 §29 ................................... 326 §30 ................................... 329 §31 ................................... 331 §32 ................................... 334 IV Kāṇhapādasya Dohākoṣaṭīke - Translation 344 Remarks . 345 Content Overview of the Verses . 347 Annotated Translation 354 §1.................................... 356 §2.................................... 357 §3.................................... 361 §4.................................... 370 §5.................................... 378 §6.................................... 382 §§ 7-8 . 384 §9.................................... 394 §10 ................................... 397 §11 ................................... 400 §12 ................................... 401 §13 ................................... 402 §14 ................................... 409 §15 ................................... 414 §16 ................................... 417 §17 ................................... 421 §18 ................................... 422 §19 ................................... 424 §20 ................................... 426 §21 ................................... 429 §22 ................................... 432 §23 ................................... 437 §24 ................................... 439 §25 ................................... 441 §26 ................................... 444 §27 ................................... 446 §28 ................................... 449 §29 ................................... 453 §30 ................................... 456 §31 ................................... 457 §32 ................................... 458 Colophons . 463 Bibliography 466 Appendices 483 I. Rough Catalogue . 483 Dohās ............................... 483 Works in the bstan ‘gyur and related materials . 486 II. Catalogue of the rGya gZhung ................... 517 III. Shorts Songs . 538 IV. The slob dpon nag po spyod pa’i rnam thar ........... 558 V. Transcription of the Additional Folios in IASWR MBB 1971-91. 562 VI. Re-structured Tibetan passage for the Commentary to Stanza Five ................................ 568 Summary of Research Results (§ 9 PromO Fak GW)........ 569 Zusammenfassung der Forschungsergebnisse (§ 9 PromO Fak GW) 572 Eidesstattliche Versicherung (§7 (4) PromO Fak GW)....... 576 Scope and Limitations of the Present Work This dissertation aims at shedding some light on Kṛṣṇacaryā (middle of the eighth and beginning of the ninth century),1 one of the most outstanding fig- ures of the siddha-traditions in India, and one of his most prominent writings, his Treasury of Tantric Poetry or Dohākoṣa, together with its two commen- taries (Skt. ṭīke). Too little research concerning Kṛṣṇacaryā and his writings, as well as the dohā in general, has been conducted yet. I sincerely hope that this might change
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