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Explain Kotar Classification
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Implementation of a Long-term Vegetation Monitoring Program at Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/GLKN/NRTR—2010/405 ON THE COVER Clockwise from top left: recording the groundlayer in 1m2 quadrat; measuring tree DBH; beech bark disease. Photographs by: GLKN vegetation monitoring field crew Implementation of a Long-term Vegetation Monitoring Program at Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/GLKN/NRTR—2010/405 Suzanne Sanders and Jessica Grochowski National Park Service Great Lakes Inventory & Monitoring Network 2800 Lake Shore Dr. East Ashland, WI 54806 FortNovember Collins, 2010 Colorado U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Program Center publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Technical Report Series is used to disseminate results of scientific studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series provides contributors with a forum for displaying comprehensive data that are often deleted from journals because of page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. -
Gaylussacia Vaccinium
Contents Table des matières The Canadian Botanical The first Recipient of the 2005 Undergraduate Botanical Association Bulletin Presentation Regional Award / Première remise d’un prix régional pour la meilleure communication étudiante de premier cycle page 13 Bulletin de l’Association Editor’s Message / Message du rédacteur page 14 botanique du Canada May/ Mai 200 5 • Volume 38 No. / No 2 The first Recipient of the 2005 Undergraduate Botanical PhD Opportunities page 14 Presentation Regional Award Jessie Carviel, student at McMaster University, received this CBA award for the best student paper presented at the 2005 Biology Day in Sudbury, ON, Canada. Paper / Article Miss Carviel is representing the Ontario Region for this contest. The Undergraduate Botanical Presentation Award was created in 2003 by the CBA to encourage undergraduate students to pursue graduate research in botany and to enhance the visibility of the Association. The program offers annually one award of $200.00 for one of the undergraduate conferences/meetings in Biology for each of the five (5) regions of Canada: Atlantic region, Qué bec, Ontario, Prairies and Territories, and British Columbia. Première remise d’un prix ré gional pour la meilleure Poorly Known Economic communicationé tudiante de premier cycle Plants of Canada - 45. Eastern huckleberries Jessie Carviel, étudiante à l’université McMaster, a reçu ce prix de l’ABC pour (Gaylussacia spp.) une présentation faite lors de la Journée de biologie 2005 qui s’est déroulée à and western huckleberries Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. (Vaccinium spp.). E. Small and P.M. Catling Le prix de la meilleure communication étudiante de premier cycle a été créé en pages 15-23 2003 par l’ABC pour inciter les étudiant(e)s à poursuivre leurs études en botanique et pour améliorer la visibilité de l'Association. -
The Genus Vaccinium in North America
Agriculture Canada The Genus Vaccinium 630 . 4 C212 P 1828 North America 1988 c.2 Agriculture aid Agri-Food Canada/ ^ Agnculturo ^^In^iikQ Canada V ^njaian Agriculture Library Brbliotheque Canadienno de taricakun otur #<4*4 /EWHE D* V /^ AgricultureandAgri-FoodCanada/ '%' Agrrtur^'AgrntataireCanada ^M'an *> Agriculture Library v^^pttawa, Ontano K1A 0C5 ^- ^^f ^ ^OlfWNE D£ W| The Genus Vaccinium in North America S.P.VanderKloet Biology Department Acadia University Wolfville, Nova Scotia Research Branch Agriculture Canada Publication 1828 1988 'Minister of Suppl) andS Canada ivhh .\\ ailabla in Canada through Authorized Hook nta ami other books! or by mail from Canadian Government Publishing Centre Supply and Services Canada Ottawa, Canada K1A0S9 Catalogue No.: A43-1828/1988E ISBN: 0-660-13037-8 Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data VanderKloet,S. P. The genus Vaccinium in North America (Publication / Research Branch, Agriculture Canada; 1828) Bibliography: Cat. No.: A43-1828/1988E ISBN: 0-660-13037-8 I. Vaccinium — North America. 2. Vaccinium — North America — Classification. I. Title. II. Canada. Agriculture Canada. Research Branch. III. Series: Publication (Canada. Agriculture Canada). English ; 1828. QK495.E68V3 1988 583'.62 C88-099206-9 Cover illustration Vaccinium oualifolium Smith; watercolor by Lesley R. Bohm. Contract Editor Molly Wolf Staff Editors Sharon Rudnitski Frances Smith ForC.M.Rae Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada - Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada http://www.archive.org/details/genusvacciniuminOOvand -
Compounds of Vaccinium Membranaceum and Vaccinium Ovatum Native to the Pacific Northwest of North America
J. Agric. Food Chem. 2004, 52, 7039−7044 7039 Comparison of Anthocyanin Pigment and Other Phenolic Compounds of Vaccinium membranaceum and Vaccinium ovatum Native to the Pacific Northwest of North America JUNGMIN LEE,† CHAD E. FINN,§ AND RONALD E. WROLSTAD*,† Department of Food Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, and Northwest Center for Small Fruit Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, HCRL, 3420 NW Orchard Avenue, Corvallis, Oregon 97330 Two huckleberry species, Vaccinium membranaceum and Vaccinium ovatum, native to Pacific Northwestern North America, were evaluated for their total, and individual, anthocyanin and polyphenolic compositions. Vaccinium ovatum had greater total anthocyanin (ACY), total phenolics (TP), oxygen radical absorbing capacity (ORAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) than did V. membranaceum. The pH and °Brix were also higher in V. ovatum. Berry extracts from each species were separated into three different fractionssanthocyanin, polyphenolic, and sugar/ acidsby solid-phase extraction. The anthocyanin fractions of each species had the highest amount of ACY, TP, and antioxidant activity. Each species contained 15 anthocyanins (galactoside, glucoside, and arabinoside of delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin, and malvidin) but in different proportions. Their anthocyanin profiles were similar by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (LC-DAD) and high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array and mass spectrometry detections (LC-DAD-MS). Each species had a different polyphenolic profile. The polyphenolics of both species were mainly composed of cinnamic acid derivatives and flavonol glycosides. The major polyphenolic compound in V. membranaceum was neochlorogenic acid, and in V. ovatum, chlorogenic acid. KEYWORDS: Vaccinium; huckleberry; anthocyanins; phenolics; antioxidant activity INTRODUCTION to Vaccinium consanguineum Klotsch, native to Central America, and Vaccinium floribundum Kunth, native to Andean S. -
Management & Monitoring Plan for the Enhancement of Big Huckleberry (Vaccinium Membranaceum) in Government Meadows
Management & Monitoring Plan for the Enhancement of Big Huckleberry (Vaccinium membranaceum) in Government Meadows Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest Cover photos courtesy of Warren KingGeorge, Muckleshoot Indian Tribe Department of Anthropology Management & Monitoring Plan for Big Huckleberry ~ Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest Laura Potash Martin, Joyce LeCompte-Mastenbrook, Warren KingGeorge, and Tracy Fuentes. 2008. Management & Monitoring Plan for the Enhancement of Big Huckleberry (Vaccinium membranaceum) in Government Meadows, Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. USDA Forest Service, Snoqualmie Ranger District, North Bend, WA Available to the public on line at http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/mbs/projects/ 0 Management & Monitoring Plan for Big Huckleberry ~ Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest TABLE OF CONTENTS Project Origin, Introduction, and Setting ………………………………………………………..3 Species General Description …………………………………...…………………………………8 Ecological Characteristics of Big Huckleberry…………………………………………………..8 Habitat Types Supporting Big Huckleberry on the Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie……………………..9 Management of Big Huckleberry ………………………………..………………………………10 Huckleberry Monitoring Design…………………………………………………………………14 Data Analysis and Management Implications…………………………………………………20 Estimated Timeline………………………………………………………………………………20 Conclusions and Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………………21 References Cited……………………………………………………………………………………………22 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Vicinity map…………………………………………………………………………….5 Figure 2. Close-up of Huckleberry Enhancement -
Ozone Sensitive Plant Species on NPS and U.S. FWS Lands
Ozone Sensitive Plant Species on National Park Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Lands: Results of a June 24-25, 2003 Workshop Baltimore, Maryland National Park Service Air Resources Division U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Air Quality Branch November 2003 Ozone Sensitive Plant Species on National Park Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Lands: Results of a June 24-25, 2003 Workshop Baltimore, Maryland Prepared by: Ellen Porter, Air Resources Division, National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Air Resources Division, Denver, Colorado U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Air Quality Branch, Denver, Colorado November 2003 NPS D1522 Natural Resource Report NPS/NRARD/NRR-2003/01 Acknowledgements: Drs. Art Chappelka, Howie Neufeld, Donald Davis, Robert Kohut and Pat Temple provided scientific expertise at the Baltimore Workshop. Dr. Gretchen Smith, Jim Renfro, Dr. David Peterson, Ed Jepsen, Dr. John Skelly, and Dr. William Manning provided additional scientific expertise and peer review. The author wishes to thank Tonnie Maniero, Tamara Blett, and Kristi Morris for helpful editing comments. This report is available at: www2.nature.nps.gov/ard/pubs/index.htm Cover photos by Dr. Donald Davis Contents Summary..................................................................................................1 Background ..............................................................................................1 Workshop Goals and Results .....................................................................3 -
Bull Run Creek and Bull Run RNA Was Not Thoroughly Collected, Described Or Studied at the Time This Species List Was First Developed
Flora of the Bull Run Creek and Bull Run RNA was not thoroughly collected, described or studied at the time this species list was first developed. It is based on observations of Jan Bal of the University of Idaho and collections and observations of Charles Wellner. Mike Hays (at that time Palouse Ranger District Botanist) added those species marked with (h) 5/24/1995 and used it for an INPS White Pine chapter field trip. 6/4/1995; (c1) indicates plants collected and deposited in UI Herbarium by Wellner (and/or Bal). Trees Abies grandis Grand fir Pinus ponderosa Ponderosa pine Betula papyrifera Paper birch Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas-fir Larix occidentalis Western larch Taxus brevifolia (h) Pacific Yew Pinus monticola Western white pine Thuja plicata Western redcedar ********************************************* ********************************************* Shrubs and Subshrubs Acer glabrous Rocky Mountain maple Prunus virginiana (h) Common chokecherry Alnus incana Mountain alder Rhamnus purshiana (h) Cascara Alnus sinuate Sitka alder Ribes lacustre (h) Prickly current Amelanchier alnifolia Western Serviceberry Rosa sp Wild rose Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Kinnickinnick/Bearberry Rosa gymnocarpa (h) Wild rose Berberis repens Creeping Oregongrape Rubus idaeus var. peramoenus Red raspberry Ceanothus sanguineus Redstem ceonathus Rubus leucodermis (h) Chrsothamnus nauseosus (c1) Common rabbit-brush Rubus nivalis (h) Snow bramble Cornus Canadensis Bunchberry Rubus parviflorus (c1) Thimbleberry Cornus stolonifera Red-osier dogwood Rubus ursinus -
Floristic Inventory of Subalpine Parks in the Coeur D'alene River Drainage, Northern Idaho
FLORISTIC INVENTORY OF SUBALPINE PARKS IN THE COEUR D'ALENE RIVER DRAINAGE, NORTHERN IDAHO by Robert K. Moseley Conservation Data Center December 1993 Idaho Department of Fish and Game Natural Resource Policy Bureau 600 South Walnut, P.O. Box 25 Boise, Idaho 83707 Jerry M. Conley, Director Cooperative Challenge Cost-share Project Idaho Panhandle National Forests Idaho Department of Fish and Game ABSTRACT Treeless summits and ridges in the otherwise densely forested mountains of northern Idaho, have a relatively unique flora compared with surrounding communities. Although small in area, these subalpine parks add greatly to the biotic diversity of the regional landscape and are habitats for several vascular taxa considered rare in Idaho. I conducted a floristic inventory of 32 parks in the mountains of the Coeur d'Alene River drainage and adjacent portions of the St. Joe drainage. The project is a cooperative one between the Idaho Department of Fish and Game's Conservation Data Center and the Idaho Panhandle National Forest. The subalpine park flora contains 151 taxa representing 97 genera in 34 families. Carex are surprisingly depauperate, in terms of both numbers and cover, as is the alien flora, which is comprised of only three species. I discovered populations of five rare species, including Carex xerantica, which is here reported for Idaho for the first time. Other rare species include Astragalus bourgovii, Carex californica, Ivesia tweedyi, and Romanzoffia sitchensis. Stevens Peak is the highest summit and is phytogeographically unique in the study area. It contains habitat for six taxa occurring nowhere else in the study area, all having high-elevation cordilleran or circumboreal affinities. -
Draft Plant Propagation Protocol
Plant Propagation Protocol for Calochortus apiculatus http://courses.washington.edu/esrm412/protocols/CAAP.pdf Up close photograph of C. apiculatus. 2005, Robert L. Carr. 2 Photograph of C. apiculatus growth form. 2005, Robert L. Carr. 2 TAXONOMY Family Names Family Scientific Liliaceae1 Name: Family Common Lily Name: Scientific Names Genus: Calochortus1 Species/Epithet: Apiculatus1 Species Authority: Baker1 Varieties N/A Sub-species N/A Cultivar N/A Common N/A Synonym(s) Common Name(s) Pointedtip Mariposa Lily1 Baker’s Mariposa2 Three-Spot Mariposa Lily2 Species Code: CAAP1 GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical range Found in the United States of America in north eastern Washington as well as an isolated population in Yakima Co., northern Idaho, and in Montana. In Canada, this species is found in British Columbia and Alberta. Ecological distribution Typically found in meadows and grassy slopes, as well as open coniferous forests and valleys.5,8,11 Climate and elevation Found in dry to moist soils between 440-2500 meters.4,8,10 range Local habitat and Doesn’t commonly associate with specific species of plants. abundance Plant strategy type / Seral, occurring in areas without a lot of disturbance, but also no late successional stage successional growth. Plant characteristics Perennial forb, leaves grow basally, flower is white with yellowish, hairy throat.5,8 PROPAGATION DETAILS Ecotype N/A Propagation Goal Plants (Bulbs)3 Propagation Method Seed3 Product Type Container (plug)6 Stock Type 4” pots, D-Pots seeding flats3,6 Time to Grow 1 year6 Target Specifications First year bulb, 3-8mm diameter6 Propagule Collection Collect whole fruits (capsules) right before or after ripening (for most Instructions Calochortus species, this is May through August).6 Propagule Seeds last 5-6 years in the environment but may last longer if stored in a Processing/Propagule fridge. -
Frost Tolerance in Seedlings of Vaccinium Membranaceum
Don Minole ano Alan W. Smart USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station Pordand, Oregon 97208 FrostTolerance in Seedlingsof Vacciniummembranaceum, Vacciniumglobulare, and Vacciniumdeliciosum Abshact Frost tolerances ol Vaccinir.n, glab lare, V. d,eliciosam. antl V. membranace*m seedlings were compared at conrrolled temperarures of 0', -l', -6", and -9'C. Subsequent shoot etowth decreased with decredsingtempem(ure in ail species.bur growth trends ditfered. Seedine. ot V. del;cio *n were more frost tolerant than the others. I/. deliciotun seedliogs ai<o began spdng growth earlier when all three species were growo in the same environmeAt, Introduction Wild hucklelrrry fields occupy extensive areas in the mountains of Oregoo and \fash- ington. Many of these areas produce large quantities o{ high quality fruig and some are heavily utilized by berry pickers (Minore, 1972). Unfomrnately, huckleberry pro- duction is o{ten reduced by frost damage Similar crop reductions occur in tbe blueberry fields of eastern North America (Jobnson, 1951; Hall, Aalders, aod Barker, 1964). Sometimes most of the aurumn berry crotrr is desffoyed by spring frosts that occxr when the huckleberry trushes are actively growing, but a few huckleberry shrubs remain uninjured aod productive after severe frosts. Many of these shrubs escape damage be- cause they grow in protected locations or under local heavy snow accumulations w.herc active growth is delayed. Others seem to be frost resistant-field observations after the severe frosts of 1973 indicated drat some lorthwesterrl Vaccinium speoes are filore frost tolerant than orhers.As it is difficult to separatespecies differences from envir- onmental differences in the field, we compared the frost olerances of three common nofthwesteJn Vaccinium species under controlled conditions. -
Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians Native Plant Initiative
Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians Native Plants Initiative Prepared by, Jacqueline Pilette, Wetland Specialist, Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians Environmental Services Department for Conservation Resource Alliance October 19, 2009 Purpose This document is intended to aid resource managers of Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians (LTBB) and Conservation Resource Alliance (CRA) in incorporating culturally significant plants into their management plans. In addition, LTBB Citizens and local land- and home-owners that are interested in protecting, preserving, or managing for culturally significant plants can also learn to incorporate them into their management plans, while at the same time contributing to biodiversity and promoting healthy habitats for both wildlife and people on areas within and adjacent to the LTBB Historical Reservation boundary. Acknowledgements: This project was funded through the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Conservation Innovation Grant awarded to Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians and Conservation Resource Alliance from 2006-2009. Chi-miigwech (Thank you) to: Doug Craven, LTBB Natural Resources Department Director; Rachel Schwarz, LTBB Environmental Services Director, Conservation Resource Alliance (CRA) Director Amy Beyer, and CRA staff: Eric Ellis and Chris Pierce, and Dr. Anton Reznicek, University of Michigan Herbarium. Thank you to the following LTBB Tribal Citizens for their valuable help, knowledge, and input on this project: Yvonne Walker-Keshik from LTBB Archives and Records Department, Joe Mitchell (formerly from LTBB Archives and Records Dept.), former LTBB Language Department instructor Isabelle Osawamik, language instructor George Trudeau, traditional storyteller and LTBB elder Simon Otto and his wife Andrea Otto, LTBB Elders Department Coordinator Marie “Tootsie” Miller, LTBB GIS Director Alan Proctor, and to all who participated in surveys and presentations. -
Taxus Brevifolia Nutt. Pacific Yew Taxaceae TABR2
Plants Taxus brevifolia Nutt. Pacific yew Taxaceae TABR2 Ecology Description: Native. Small dioecious evergreen tree, 5-10 m tall; bark light red brown, thin, and papery; needles flat, yellow green, pale below, sharply pointed, and attached to twigs by short-ridged stalks in two rows forming flat sprays; both male and female “flowers” (strobili) inconspicuous; fruit fleshy, red aril, attached Taxus brevifolia on lower side of branches. Range and distribution: Pacific Northwest, north and Susceptible to heat damage; can resprout after mechani- central California to Alaska, to western Montana; from cal or some fire damage, but because of thin bark, it sea level to 1500 m; widely, but variably distributed rarely survives major fires. After fire, generally re- from scattered individuals to thick understory patches. establishes by means of bird-dispersed offsite seed or seed bank as the overstory canopy develops. Associations: Sitka spruce, western hemlock, Pacific silver fir, grand fir and mixed-conifer zones. Douglas-fir, grand fir, white fir, Pacific silver fir, and western hem- Biology lock; vine maple, dwarf Oregon grape, deerfoot vanilla- leaf, queencup beadlily, wild ginger, and western sword Flowering and fruiting: Flowers from April to June; fern. arils ripen from September to October; fruit and seed production increases with openness of canopy but pre- Habitat: Dense, moist, mature, mixed-evergreen forest, dation by birds and animals also increases. and mid to lower slopes or canyon bottoms. Seedlings found in open forests or after management activity or Seed: Seeds are mature when fleshy aril turns red. fires remove canopy and expose bare mineral soil. Fruits should be picked as soon as they are ripe to avoid losses to predation.