North Korea, the World's Most Secretive Country
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The Tumen Triangle Documentation Project
THE TUMEN TRIANGLE DOCUMENTATION PROJECT SOURCING THE CHINESE-NORTH KOREAN BORDER Edited by CHRISTOPHER GREEN Issue Two February 2014 ABOUT SINO-NK Founded in December 2011 by a group of young academics committed to the study of Northeast Asia, Sino-NK focuses on the borderland world that lies somewhere between Pyongyang and Beijing. Using multiple languages and an array of disciplinary methodologies, Sino-NK provides a steady stream of China-DPRK (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea/North Korea) documentation and analysis covering the culture, history, economies and foreign relations of these complex states. Work published on Sino-NK has been cited in such standard journalistic outlets as The Economist, International Herald Tribune, and Wall Street Journal, and our analysts have been featured in a range of other publications. Ultimately, Sino-NK seeks to function as a bridge between the ubiquitous North Korea media discourse and a more specialized world, that of the academic and think tank debates that swirl around the DPRK and its immense neighbor. SINO-NK STAFF Editor-in-Chief ADAM CATHCART Co-Editor CHRISTOPHER GREEN Managing Editor STEVEN DENNEY Assistant Editors DARCIE DRAUDT MORGAN POTTS Coordinator ROGER CAVAZOS Director of Research ROBERT WINSTANLEY-CHESTERS Outreach Coordinator SHERRI TER MOLEN Research Coordinator SABINE VAN AMEIJDEN Media Coordinator MYCAL FORD Additional translations by Robert Lauler Designed by Darcie Draudt Copyright © Sino-NK 2014 SINO-NK PUBLICATIONS TTP Documentation Project ISSUE 1 April 2013 Document Dossiers DOSSIER NO. 1 Adam Cathcart, ed. “China and the North Korean Succession,” January 16, 2012. 78p. DOSSIER NO. 2 Adam Cathcart and Charles Kraus, “China’s ‘Measure of Reserve’ Toward Succession: Sino-North Korean Relations, 1983-1985,” February 2012. -
Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse
CHILDREN AND FAMILIES The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that EDUCATION AND THE ARTS helps improve policy and decisionmaking through ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT research and analysis. HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE This electronic document was made available from INFRASTRUCTURE AND www.rand.org as a public service of the RAND TRANSPORTATION Corporation. INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LAW AND BUSINESS NATIONAL SECURITY Skip all front matter: Jump to Page 16 POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Support RAND Purchase this document TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY Browse Reports & Bookstore Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore the RAND National Security Research Division View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND electronic documents to a non-RAND website is prohibited. RAND electronic documents are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. This report is part of the RAND Corporation research report series. RAND reports present research findings and objective analysis that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND reports undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for re- search quality and objectivity. Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse Bruce W. Bennett C O R P O R A T I O N NATIONAL SECURITY RESEARCH DIVISION Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse Bruce W. -
Forced Labour in North Korean Prison Camps
forced labour in North Korean Prison Camps Norma Kang Muico Anti-Slavery International 2007 Acknowledgments We would like to thank the many courageous North Koreans who have agreed to be interviewed for this report and shared with us their often difficult experiences. We would also like to thank the following individuals and organisations for their input and assistance: Amnesty International, Baspia, Choi Soon-ho, Citizens’ Alliance for North Korean Human Rights (NKHR), Good Friends, Heo Yejin, Human Rights Watch, Hwang Sun-young, International Crisis Group (ICG), Mike Kaye, Kim Soo-am, Kim Tae-jin, Kim Yoon-jung, Korea Institute for National Unification (KINU), Ministry of Unification (MOU), National Human Rights Commission of Korea (NHRCK), Save the Children UK, Tim Peters and Sarangbang. The Rufford Maurice Laing Foundation kindly funded the research and production of this report as well as connected activities to prompt its recommendations. Forced Labour in North Korean Prison Camps Contents Executive Summary 1 1. Background 2 2. Border Crossing 3 3. Surviving in China 4 Employment 4 Rural Brides 5 4. Forcible Repatriation 6 Police Raids 6 Deportation 8 5. Punishment upon Return 8 Kukga Bowibu (National Security Agency or NSA) 9 Yeshim (Preliminary Examination) 10 Living Conditions 13 The Waiting Game 13 6. Forced Labour in North Korean Prison Camps 14 Nodong Danryundae (Labour Training Camp) 14 Forced Labour 14 Pregnant Prisoners 17 Re-education 17 Living Conditions 17 Food 18 Medical Care 18 Do Jipkyulso (Provincial Detention Centre) 19 Forced Labour 19 Living Conditions 21 Inmin Boansung (People's Safety Agency or PSA) 21 Formal Trials 21 Informal Sentencing 22 Released without Sentence 22 Arbitrary Decisions 22 Kyohwaso (Re-education Camp) 24 Forced Labour 24 Food 24 Medical Care 25 7. -
Emergency Appeal Final Report Democratic People’S Republic of Korea (DPRK) / North Hamgyong Province: Floods
Emergency Appeal Final Report Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) / North Hamgyong Province: Floods Emergency Appeal N°: MDRKP008 Glide n° FL-2016-000097-PRK Date of Issue: 26 March 2018 Date of disaster: 31 August 2016 Operation start date: 2 September 2016 Operation end date: 31 December 2017 Host National Society: Red Cross Society of Democratic Operation budget: CHF 5,037,707 People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK RCS) Number of people affected: 600,000 people Number of people assisted: 110,000 people (27,500 households) N° of National Societies involved in the operation: 19 National Societies: Austrian Red Cross, British Red Cross, Bulgarian Red Cross, China Red Cross, Hong Kong and Macau branches, Czech Red Cross, Danish Red Cross, Finnish Red Cross, German Red Cross, Japanese Red Cross Society, New Zealand Red Cross, Norwegian Red Cross, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Red Cross of Monaco, Spanish Red Cross, Swedish Red Cross, Swiss Red Cross, the Canadian Red Cross Society, the Netherlands Red Cross, the Republic of Korea National Red Cross. The Governments of Austria, Denmark, Finland, Malaysia, Netherlands, Switzerland and Thailand, the European Commission - DG ECHO, and Czech private donors, the Korea NGO Council for Cooperation with North Korea, Movement of One Korea, National YWCA of Korea and the WHO Voluntary Emergency Relief Fund have contributed financially to the operation. N° of other partner organizations involved in the operation: The State Committee for Emergency and Disaster Management (SCEDM), ICRC, UN Organizations, European Union Programme Support Units Summary: This report gives an account of the humanitarian situation and the response carried out by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Red Cross Society (DPRK RCS) during the period between 12 September 2016 and 31 December 2017, as per revised Emergency Operation Appeal (EPOA) with the support of International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) to meet the needs of floods affected families of North Hamgyong Province in DPRK. -
DPRK/North Hamgyong Province: Floods
Emergency Plan of Action (EPoA) DPRK/North Hamgyong Province: Floods Emergency Appeal n° MDRKP008 Glide n° FL-2016-000097-PRK Date of issue: 20 September 2016 Date of disaster: 31 August 2016 Operation manager (responsible for this EPoA): Point of contact: Marlene Fiedler Pak Un Suk Disaster Risk Management Delegate Emergency Relief Coordinator IFRC DPRK Country Office DPRK Red Cross Society Operation start date: 2 September 2016 Operation end date (timeframe): 31 August 2017 (12 months) Overall operation budget: CHF 15,199,723 DREF allocation: CHF 506,810 Number of people affected: Number of people to be assisted: 600,000 people Direct: 28,000 people (7,000 families); Indirect: more than 163,000 people in Hoeryong City, Musan County and Yonsa County Host National Society(ies) presence (n° of volunteers, staff, branches): Democratic People’s Republic of Korea Red Cross Society (DPRK RCS) Red Cross Red Crescent Movement partners actively involved in the operation: International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) Other partner organizations actively involved in the operation: The State Committee for Emergency and Disaster Management (SCEDM), UN Organizations, European Union Programme Support Units A. Situation analysis Description of the disaster From August 29th to August 31st heavy rainfall occurred in North Hamgyong Province, DPRK – in some areas more than 300 mm of rain were reported in just two days, causing the flooding of the Tumen River and its tributaries around the Chinese-DPRK border and other areas in the province. Within a particularly intense time period of four hours in the night between 30 and 31 August 2016, the waters of the river Tumen rose between six and 12 metres, causing an immediate threat to the lives of people in nearby villages. -
Thank You, Father Kim Il Sung” Is the First Phrase North Korean Parents Are Instructed to Teach to Their Children
“THANK YOU FATHER KIM ILLL SUNG”:”:”: Eyewitness Accounts of Severe Violations of Freedom of Thought, Conscience, and Religion in North Korea PPPREPARED BYYY: DAVID HAWK Cover Photo by CNN NOVEMBER 2005 UNITED STATES COMMISSION ON INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM Michael Cromartie Chair Felice D. Gaer Vice Chair Nina Shea Vice Chair Preeta D. Bansal Archbishop Charles J. Chaput Khaled Abou El Fadl Dr. Richard D. Land Dr. Elizabeth H. Prodromou Bishop Ricardo Ramirez Ambassador John V. Hanford, III, ex officio Joseph R. Crapa Executive Diretor NORTH KOREA STUDY TEAM David Hawk Author and Lead Researcher Jae Chun Won Research Manager Byoung Lo (Philo) Kim Research Advisor United States Commission on International Religious Freedom Staff Tad Stahnke, Deputy Director for Policy David Dettoni, Deputy Director for Outreach Anne Johnson, Director of Communications Christy Klaasen, Director of Government Affairs Carmelita Hines, Director of Administration Patricia Carley, Associate Director for Policy Mark Hetfield, Director, International Refugee Issues Eileen Sullivan, Deputy Director for Communications Dwight Bashir, Senior Policy Analyst Robert C. Blitt, Legal Policy Analyst Catherine Cosman, Senior Policy Analyst Deborah DuCre, Receptionist Scott Flipse, Senior Policy Analyst Mindy Larmore, Policy Analyst Jacquelin Mitchell, Executive Assistant Tina Ramirez, Research Assistant Allison Salyer, Government Affairs Assistant Stephen R. Snow, Senior Policy Analyst Acknowledgements The U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom expresses its deep gratitude to the former North Koreans now residing in South Korea who took the time to relay to the Commission their perspectives on the situation in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and their experiences in North Korea prior to fleeing to China. -
Pioneering North Korea
Pioneering North Korea Perfect for those wanting to discover North Korea in more detail, our Pioneering North Korea tour offers travellers a truly unique experience in a secret world. Chartering an aircraft to access some of the lesser, rarely and almost never visited areas, this 18 day tour reaches many places other tours and travellers do not. After an in depth tour of the fascinating capital we take in Panmunjom and the DMZ before taking a chartered train to Mt. Myohyang. Returning to Pyongyang for a national holiday the adventure steps up as we depart on a chartered aircraft to Mt. Paekdu, the highest peak in Korea. From Paekdu we fly onwards to the North East with an overnight in Chongjin before flying on to Hamhung. Parting with our aircraft in Hamhung we spend the next week slowly overlanding back to Pyongyang via Wonsan, Mt. Kumgang and Masikryong. DAY 1 This morning make your own way to Beijing Capital Airport, Terminal 2, to depart at approximately 1300 on the Air Koryo flight to Pyongyang (schedules TBC). The short flight will bring the group into Pyongyang at approximately 1530 local time. On clearing customs/immigration meet with your Korean guides and driver. From the airport head to the city and check into the Seosan Hotel, here checking in for a 3 night stay. After time to freshen up head out for a leisurely welcome dinner in the Kwangbok Circus Restaurant. (D) DAY 2 Enjoy the full day sightseeing in Pyongyang, starting with a walk in the city centre from the exterior of the Pyongyang Grand Theatre to Kim Il Sung Square and then onto the Foreign Language Bookshop, a good spot to pick up a wide range of publications, postcards and the like. -
China Perspectives, 52 | March-April 2004 Border Disputes Between China and North Korea 2
China Perspectives 52 | march-april 2004 Varia Border Disputes between China and North Korea Daniel Gomà Pinilla Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/806 DOI: 10.4000/chinaperspectives.806 ISSN: 1996-4617 Publisher Centre d'étude français sur la Chine contemporaine Printed version Date of publication: 1 March 2004 ISSN: 2070-3449 Electronic reference Daniel Gomà Pinilla, « Border Disputes between China and North Korea », China Perspectives [Online], 52 | march-april 2004, Online since 23 April 2007, connection on 28 October 2019. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/806 ; DOI : 10.4000/chinaperspectives.806 This text was automatically generated on 28 October 2019. © All rights reserved Border Disputes between China and North Korea 1 Border Disputes between China and North Korea Daniel Gomà Pinilla EDITOR'S NOTE Translated from the French original by Peter Brown 1 The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) have enjoyed relatively stable relations since they came into being in 1948 and 1949 respectively. The Korean War (1950-53) set the scene for future relations between Pyongyang and Peking, given that Chinese help was vital for the survival of Kim Il- Sung’s regime. Sino-North Korean relations experienced periods of great strain during the 1960s and 1970s, when the Sino-Soviet conflict divided the Communist bloc into pro-Soviet and pro-Chinese camps. However, Peking was able to take advantage of the internal and external problems of the DPRK to present itself as Pyongyang’s main friend faced with the pressures exerted by South Korea and the West―the USA inter alia―which occurred all the more easily after the collapse of the USSR. -
Digital Trenches
Martyn Williams H R N K Attack Mirae Wi-Fi Family Medicine Healthy Food Korean Basics Handbook Medicinal Recipes Picture Memory I Can Be My Travel Weather 2.0 Matching Competition Gifted Too Companion ! Agricultural Stone Magnolia Escpe from Mount Baekdu Weather Remover ERRORTelevision the Labyrinth Series 1.25 Foreign apps not permitted. Report to your nearest inminban leader. Business Number Practical App Store E-Bookstore Apps Tower Beauty Skills 2.0 Chosun Great Chosun Global News KCNA Battle of Cuisine Dictionary of Wisdom Terms DIGITAL TRENCHES North Korea’s Information Counter-Offensive DIGITAL TRENCHES North Korea’s Information Counter-Offensive Copyright © 2019 Committee for Human Rights in North Korea Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior permission of the Committee for Human Rights in North Korea, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea 1001 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 435 Washington, DC 20036 P: (202) 499-7970 www.hrnk.org Print ISBN: 978-0-9995358-7-5 Digital ISBN: 978-0-9995358-8-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019919723 Cover translations by Julie Kim, HRNK Research Intern. BOARD OF DIRECTORS Gordon Flake, Co-Chair Katrina Lantos Swett, Co-Chair John Despres, -
Seismic Waves That Spread Through the Earth's Deep Interior
Seismic waves that spread through the Earth’s deep interior: BANG! or QUAKE! three stations at different distances from the sourc nces e ista 90º t d en er iff 60º d at s n o ti ta s e e r 30º h T CRUST (very thin) Seismic source CORE MANTLE 90º 60º 30º 90º 60º 30º 90º 60º 30º The wavefront position is shown after it has been traveling for several minutes. It continues to travel throughout the Earth's interior, bouncing off the core, and bouncing off the Earth's surface. 1.5 million seismic events since 1960, located by the International Seismological Centre on the basis of data from about 17,000 stations (up to ~ 6000 in any one year) 6L[GLIIHUHQWVWHSVLQQXFOHDUH[SORVLRQPRQLWRULQJ 'HWHFWLRQ GLGDSDUWLFXODUVWDWLRQGHWHFWDXVHIXOVLJQDO" $VVRFLDWLRQ FDQZHJDWKHUDOOWKHGLIIHUHQWVLJQDOVIURPWKHVDPH³HYHQW´" /RFDWLRQ ZKHUHZDVLW" ,GHQWLILFDWLRQ ZDVLWDQHDUWKTXDNHDPLQLQJEODVWDQXFOHDUZHDSRQWHVW" $WWULEXWLRQ LILWZDVDQXFOHDUWHVWZKDWFRXQWU\FDUULHGLWRXW" <LHOGHVWLPDWLRQ KRZELJZDVLW" MDJ 200 km HIA Russia 50°N 44°N HIA MDJ China USK BJT Chongjin 42° Japan 40° INCN KSRS MAJO 2006Oct09 MJAR Kimchaek SSE 30° 40° 120° 130° 140°E 126° 128° 130°E NIED seismic stations Hi-net 750 KiK-net 700 K-NET 1000 F-net 70 MDJ 200 km HIA Russia 50°N 44°N HIA MDJ China USK BJT Chongjin 42° Japan 40° INCN KSRS MAJO 2006Oct09 MJAR Kimchaek SSE 30° 40° 120° 130° 140°E 126° 128° 130°E Station Source crust mantle Pn - wave path (travels mostly in the mantle) Station Source crust mantle Pg - paths, in the crust, all with similar travel times Vertical Records at MDJ (Mudanjiang, -
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S Mingyuegou Tumen Yanji Hunchun Onsong REPUBLIC OF KOREA RUSSIAN FEDERATION g n ia J Songjiang Chongsong ao rd Helong Kyonghung Kha Meihekou E sa Unggi n Fusong Erdaobaihe Hoeryong Quanyang Musan Najin Songjianghe Tumen Baishan Qingyuan Linjiang Samjiyon HAMGYONG- C Tonghua h N 'o BUKTO K a ng Paegam y na jin CHINA on m gs lu on a g Y Chasong Huch'ang Sinp'a Hyesan Myongch'on YANGGANG-DO Paek-am Manp'o Kapsan Nangnim Sindong- Kilchu nodongjagu Wiwon Kanggye CHAGANG-GO P'ungsan Honggul-li SEA OF Kuandian Ch'osan JAPAN Sup'ung Reservoir Ch'onch'on Kimch'aek Kop'ung Ch'angsong Pujon Koin-ni Changjin u Sakchu Tanch'on al Pukchin- Y Nodongjagu Pukch'ong Dandong Taegwam HAMGYONG- Iwon Uiju Huich'on Sinuiju NAMDO P'YONGAN-BUKTO Sinp'o Hyangsan Sinch'ang Kusong T'aech'on dong Tae Tonghae Hamhung Yongamp'o Kujang-up Sonch'on Yongbyon Pakch'on P'YONGAN- Chongp'yong Hungnam Yodok Chongju Kaech'on Tongjoson Man Anju NAMDO Yonghung Sunch'on Kowon P'yong-song Munch'on DEM. PEOPLE'S Sojoson Man Yangdog-up P'yongwon Wonsan REP. OF KOREA Chungsan-up P'yongyang Majon-ni I S Anbyon Onch'on - P'YONGYANG- T'ongch'on 'O Korea P SI n M Koksan i KANGWON-DO A Songnim j N m Hoeyang Bay Namp'o I Kuum-ni (Kosong) HWANGHAR- Sep'o Anak Sariwon BUKTO C Sohung h Ich'on HWANGHAE- ih Kumsong a P'yonggang -r National capital Changyon NAMDO P'yongsan i Kumhwa Provincial capital - Ch'orwon Monggump'o-r T'aet'an G n Sokch'o i Haeju N a Town, village SO h KAE k Ongjin SI u P Major airport Kaesong Ch'unch'on Sogang-ni Munsan International boundary Kangnung Demarcation Line Seoul REPUBLIC OF Provincial boundary KOREA Expressway YELLOW SEA Inch'on H a Main road n Wonju Secondary road Suwon Railroad 0 25 50 75 100 km The boundaries and names shown and the designations Ch'onan used on this map do not imply official endorsement or Sosan acceptance by the United Nations. -
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VANTAGE POINT DEVELOPMENTS IN NORTH KOREA COVER STORY U.N. Secretary-General’s Pyongyang Trip 2 Vol. 38 No. 12 Under growing international pressure, Kim Jong-un may want to use December 2015 Ban Ki-moon’s visit as a sign that the country is ready to come out of isolation. CONTENTS ANALYSIS North Korea’s Renewed Call for Peace Treaty 8 First Workers’ Party Congress in 36 Years 13 INTER-KOREAN RELATIONS N. Korea Responds to S. Korea’s Call for High-level Talks 20 YONHAP INTERVIEW U.N. Envoy Calls for Global Attention to N.K. Human Rights Abuses 24 OPINION By Cheong Seong-chang S. Korea’s Environments and Strategy for Unification of Two Koreas in 2030 26 STUDIES By Yoon In Joo Tourism Industry in N. Korea under Kim Jong-un’s Leadership: Reviews, Assessment and Prospects 32 MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS Internal Affairs / External Affairs / Inter-Korean Affairs 46 PEOPLE & CHRONOLOGICAL REVIEW 61 COVER PHOTO : This composite image shows U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon (R) and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un. (Yonhap) COVER STORY Vantage Point December 2015 U.N. Secretary-General’s Pyongyang Trip Under growing international pressure, Kim Jong-un may want to use Ban Ki- moon’s visit as a sign that the country is ready to come out of isolation. ■ By Lee Kwang-ho or U.N. Secretary-General, Ban Ki- logue in the Korean Peninsula. For this pur- moon, his long-cherished dream of vis- pose, discussions are continuing,” the Fiting Pyongyang appears to be a matter spokesman said at a regular press briefing.