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Water Resources Development Strategy f - S<DoThvo65T National Rivers Authority South West Region WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY Final Report April 1992 Sir William Halcrow & Partners Lid has prepared this report in accordance with the instructions ol NRA South West Region for their sole and specific use. Any other persons who use any information contained herein do so at their own risk Sir William Halcrow & Partners Ltd Burderop Park Swindon Wiltshire SN4 OQD UK Tel 0793 812479 Telex 44844 HaJwiI G Fax 0793 812089 iopvA 6 a-?./Of-io. i«\y Sir William Hal crow & Partner* Ltd HALCROW Burderop Park, Swindon. Wiltshire SN4 OGD. England Consulting Engineers Telephone 0793 812479 International Telephone + 44 793 812479 Telex 44844 Halwil G Fax 0793 812089 International Fax +44 793 812089 And at Vineyard House, 44 Brook Green, London W6 7BY, England. ■ NRA South West Region Telephone 071-602 7282. Hanley House Kestrel Way EXETER Devon EX2 7LQ For the attention of Mr C V M Davies Environmental Protection Officer 15 April 1992 Our r . f : WE/RDS/7/025 Your r . f : Dear Sirs WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY Please find enclosed 15 copies of our Final Report. As requested, one of these copies is unbound. I trust that you will find this Report in accordance with your requirements. Yours faithfully J D LAWSON Encs ENVIRONMENT AGENCY 089560 Director* Consultants M S Fleicnei MBS MSc FiCE J Weaver PhD FICE JP Wood BSc FICE B Walton MICE Sir Alan Muir Wood FfiS FEng FICE (Chtirmun) 0 S Kennedy BSc FICE J Aftmed BSc FIE A K AJlum FICE FlWEM N J Cocnrsne OSc(Eng) FICE 0 Buckley FICE M fl siewan OBE FICE FIHE R N Craig BSc MICE DH Beasley PtiD MICE R S Baxter F Eng FICE (Chit/ Executive) J L Beaver FICE E P Evans MA FICE J 0 Lawson MA FICE A W Rotmveit MA FICE A C Cadwattader BA p a s Ferguson MASM MICE C T K Heonrtstail BSc FICE J A Strachan MA FICE T 0 Casey MA FICE (Stcrar*ry) C A Fleming PhD MICE A J Madden PtiO MICE P Arnold BSc MICE 0 0 Uoyd BSc FICE G 0 Hdiier BSc FICE J C Thome BSc FICE A J Runacres BSc MICE H G Johnson BSc FiCE J G May FICE P S Godfrey BSc MICE M R Starr PhD MICE Registered in England No 1722541 0 J Pouoch PhD MICE N A Trenier MIGEOL MICE IC MUlar BSc FICE Registered Office C J Kirkland OBE FEf*g FICE V M Scan BSc FiCE C P Barnard BSc MIPM Vineyard House. 44 8 rook Green. P G Gammie BA FCA T P Walters BSc FICE PJenkm BE MICE Lonoon W8 7BY SOUTH' •ST WATER ikSERVIC lU W WESVN.R.A. REGIOl Newton' Abbot Hetston 0 25 50fcm BRISTOL Western BATH Super-Mare WESSEX WATFR PLC Ixmouth Strategic Zone Boundary NRA Region Boundary Water Company Boundary m O a V) ■g CD o NRA SOUTH WEST REGION WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FINAL REPORT APRIL 1992 REPORT AUTHORISATION Prepared by: P J Hawker Signature: T R Turner Date: Checked by: P A Sketch Date: Approved by: J D Lawson Signature: ^ Date: Form No. 13/0/90 NRA SOUTH WEST REGION WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FINAL REPORT APRIL 1992 CONTENTS AMENDMENT RECORD SECTION NUMBER PAGE ISSUE REV ISSUE UPDATED SIGNED No OF No No. No. DATE SHEETS PAGES MARKED* 0 15.4.92 Form No. 14/0/90 Water Resources Development Strategy Draft Final Report NRA South West Region CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES GLOSSARY I 1 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Summary 1 2 REVIEW OF DEMANDS 4 2.1 Objectives 4 2.2 Study Area 4 Available Data 6 2.3.1 General 6 2.3.2 South West Water Services Ltd 6 2.3.3 Wessex Water pic 7 Existing and Forecast Public Water Demands in the SWWSL Supply Area 8 2.4.1 Basis of Component Analysis 8 2.4.2 Unmetered Domestic Demand 8 2.4.3 Unmetered Non-Domestic Demand 10 2.4.4 Metered Demand 11 2.4.5 Unaccounted For Water and Leakage Control Policy 12 2.4.6 Peaking Factors 13 2.4.7 Overall SWWSL Supply Area Demand Projection 15 Existing and Forecast Public Water Demands in the WW Supply Area 17 2.5.1 Overview 17 2.5.2 Unmetered Domestic Demand 18 2.5.3 Unmetered Non-Domestic Demand 19 2.5.4 Metered Demand 19 2.5.5 Unaccounted for Water (UFW) 19 2.5.6 Peaking Factors 20 2.5.7 Extrapolation of Wessex Demands 20 2.5.8 Overall Projections 22 Existing and Forecast Private Demands 22 2.6.1 General 22 2.6.2 Spray Irrigation 23 2.6.3 Agriculture 24 2.6.4 Industrial Processing 25 2.6.5 Overview of Private Licensed Abstraction Growth 25 PRESENT LEVEL OF RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT 37 3.1 Available Data 37 3.2 Existing Public Water Supply Sources and Yields 38 3.2.1 General 38 3.2.2 Colliford 38 3.2.3 Roadford - North Devon & Plymouth 39 3.2.4 Roadford - South West Devon 41 3.2.5 Allers & Pynes 42 3.2.6 East Devon 42 3.2.7 Wessex Water 43 3.3 Overview of Present Public Water Supply System 43 3.3.1 General 43 3.3.2 Surface Water Sources 44 3.3.3 Groundwater Sources 46 3.4 Private Abstractions 46 3.5 Environmental and Water Quality Considerations 47 3.6 Low Flow Debit 48 3.7 Shortcomings of Present System 49 OPTIONS FOR RESPONDING TO DEMAND GROWTH 56 4.1 The Need for More Water 56 4.2 Environmental and Licensing Considerations 58 4.2.1 Environment 58 4.2.2 Licensing Considerations 62 4.3 Water Conservation Measures and Demsnd Management Options 64 4.3.1 General 64 4.3.2 Leakage Control 65 4.3.3 Metering 67 4.3.4 Efficient Water Consumption 68 4.3.5 Drought Restrictions 70 4.4 Further Development of Existing Sources 70 4.4.1 General 70 4.4.2 Increased Integration 71 4.4.3 Revised Operating Rules 72 4.4.4 Pumped Augmentation 74 4.4.5 Increasing Dam Heights 74 4.5 Development of New Sources 75 4.5.1 General 75 4.5.2 Conventional Schemes 75 4.5.3 Re-use of Effluents 77 4.5.4 Desalination 80 4.6 Resource Options Specific to Wessex Water 80 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES 87 5.1 SWWSL Supply Area 87 5.1.1 Forecast Deficits 87 5.1.2 Strategy for Scenario 1 88 5.1.3 Strategy for Scenario 2 92 5.1.4 Private Abstractions 94 5.2 WW Supply Area 94 5.3 Overview of Strategy 96 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 102 6.1 Conclusions 102 6.2 Recommendations 104 REFERENCES FIGURES APPENDIX A Terms of Reference APPENDIX B Demand Forecasts for SWWSL Supply Area APPENDIX C Private Abstraction Authorised Quantities APPENDIX D Peak Period Drought Reliable Yields for SWWSL Supply Area List of Tables 2.1 1989 population estimates and 2011 forecasts for main conurbations in the SWWSL supply area 2.2 Low, Likely and High per capita consumption forecasts for SWWSL supply area 2.3 Comparison of projected per capita demand for various water supply companies 2.4 4-week peak to annual average demand ratio by SWWSL operational district, 1976-1990 2.5 4-week peak to annual average demand ratio by operational district, 1976-1990 for specified period 2.6 Likely average annual SWWSL public water demand forecasts, assuming leakage targets are met 2.7 Likely peak 4-week public water demand forecasts, assuming leakage targets are met 2.8 Population forecasts from "Review of Consumption Forecasts for Potable Water Supply, 1986-2011“, Wessex Water Authority 1987 2.9 Forecasts per capita consumption for Wessex Water supply divisions from “Review of Consumption Forecasts for Potable Water Supply, 1986-2011“, Wessex Water Authority, 1986 2.10 Adjusted component demands for Somerset Division 2.11 Adjusted component demands for Avon Division 2.12 Extrapolated average annual forecast demand for Somerset and Avon 2.13 Licensed daily private abstractions given by purpose and source type (Ml/d) 2.14 Forecast of daily spray irrigation demand Ml/d (Assuming 100% uptake entitlement) 2.15 Forecasts of daily agricultural demand Ml/d (Assuming 100% uptake of entitlement) 2.16 Forecasts of daily industrial processing demand Ml/d (Assuming 100% uptake of entitlement) 3.1 Summary of SWWSL supply area 4-week peak drought reliable yields (Ml/d) 3.2 Resource use and reservoir storage in South West Region 3.3 Reservoir net storage vs.demand 3.4 Assessment of yield reduction attributable to low flow problems 4.1 SWWSL existing and target unaccounted for water levels (expressed as a percentage of total demand) 4.2 Estimate of existing SWWSL supply area leakage losses and 1996 forecasts (expressed in terms of l/prop/hr) 4.3 SWWSL supply area leakage revaluation 4.4 Reductions in SWWSL average annual demands due to metering (base case forecasts, with leakage targets achieved) 4.5 Estimated metered peak period 2021 demand based on SWWSL leakage targets 5.1 SWWSL supply area: Scenario 1 projected peak 4-week pws deficits 5.2 SWWSL supply area: Scenario 2 projected peak 4-week pws deficits 5.3 Wimbleball zone development options 5.4 jW W Somerset/Avon Supply Area: Projected pws peak period deficits (Ml/d) List of Figures 1 SWWSL Supply Area Predicted Population 2a Colliford zone demand by component 2b North Devon zone demand by component 2c Plymouth zone demand by component 2d South-West Devon zone demand by component 2e Alters & Pynes zone demand by component 2f East Devon zone demand by component 2g South-West region demand by component 3a Colliford zone demand forecasts 3b North Devon zone demand forecasts 3c Plymouth zone demand forecasts 3d South-West Devon zone demand forecasts 3e Alters & Pynes zone demand forecasts 3f East Devon zone demand forecasts 3g South-West Region demand forecasts 4 Variation in operational district demand peak week factors during the years 1976-1990 5 Wessex Region water supply boundaries 6 Somerset and Avon zone demand forecasts 7 South West Water Services Ltd Colliford Supply Zone Public Water Supply Sources 8 South West Water Services Ltd Roadford North Devon Supply Zone Public Water Supply Sources 9 South West Water Services Ltd Roadford Plymouth and Roadford S.W.
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