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Memoir and Letters of Francis W. Newman

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Memoir and Letters of Francis W. Newman JAMES K.MOFFITT % u MEMOIR AND LETTERS OF FRANCIS W. NEWMAN m* MEMOIR AND LETTERS OF FRANCIS W. NEWMAN WITH TWENTY-hlGHT ILLUSTRATIONS AND TWO ARTICLES (ONE UNPURLISHED MS.) BY I GIBERNE SIEVEKING av ovrds yc <x£ios eoriv iiraivtcrdat ocrrts tois ctcu/jois ws T«A r Tt ov 7rpoTi6i] to ev v€iarepi(tiv ri\v twv iroAAwi Tacriv LONDON T • s PALL, TRENCH, TRUBNER 8 DRYDEN HOUSE, 43 GERRARD STREET, S 1909 Altr*Kt 46 ARE » x , i » V J I t v_/ v^ rnc-oui ( a MEMOIR AND LETTERS OF FRANCIS W. NEWMAN WITH TWENTY-EIGHT ILLUSTRATIONS AND TWO ARTICLES (ONE UNPUBLISHED MS.) BY I. GIBERNE SIEVEKING oSto? ye a£io? «rriv eVouvccr^ai 6'cttis av reus eraipois u>s TeAeiov Ti ov 7rpoTi.dr} rb c5 veu)Te/3t£eiv ttjv tuv 7roAAwv Karao-rao-iv LONDON KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., Ltd. DRYDEN HOUSE, 43 GERRARD STREET, SOHO 1909 CONTENTS CHAPTER 1'AGE To the Reader who Understands . xi I. Francis Newman's Ancestors . I II. The Two Brothers—School and College Days . ... 8 III. Francis Newman's Missionary Journey to the East . ... 26 IV. His Marriage : His Mother's Death : His Classical Tutorship at Bristol in 1834 . 56 V. Friendship with Dr. Martineau . 6$ VI. Francis Newman as a Teacher . 101 VII. Letters to one of his greatest Friends, Dr. Nicholson . 130 VIII. Letters to Dr. Nicholson from Newman During the Following Years : 1850 to 1859 • • ... 144 IX. Letters to Dr. Nicholson : continued . 176 X. Letters Written to Miss Anna Swanwick Between 1871 and 1887 . 213 XI. The Story of Two Patriots . 245 XII. Four Barbarisms of Civilization . 267 XIII. Some Legislative Reforms Suggested dy Lecture and Article . .281 vii viii CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE XIV. Decentralization and Land Reform . 295 XV. Vegetarianism . ... 308 XVI. Native Representation in Indian Government 317 XVII. Votes for Women . ... 328 XVIII. Francis Newman and his Religion . 339 XIX. Last Years, Characteristics, and some Letters Relating to the " Early Life of the Cardinal" . ... 350 XX. Toulmin Smith : Author, Antiquarian Student, and Political Reformer . 364 XXI. Landowners and Wage Receivers . 389 XXII. The Right and Duty of Every State to Enforce Sobriety on its Citizens . 399 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Photo of Francis . Newman . Frontispiece From a 1 Daguerreotype of 851. Photo by Mr. John Davies, Weston- super-Mare. FACING PAGE John . Newman . ... 2 Father of Cardinal Newman and Francis Newman. From an old kind of R. portrait. By permission Mr. J. Mozley. Seale's Coffee . House, Oxford . 9 Now demolished. Done from an old drawing in the year when Francis Newman and John Henry Newman stayed there with Blanco White. Worcester . College, Oxford . ..11 Specially photographed for this Memoir. Worton . Church, Oxfordshire . 14. From an old print. By kind permission of Rev. W. H. Langhorne. Holy Trinity Church, West End, Over Worton . 16 By kind permission of Rev. W. H. Langhorne, present Rector of Worton. Over Worton Rectory, Oxfordshire . .19 By kind permission of Rev. W. H. Langhorne, present Rector of Worton. Photo from Sketch of the Newman Family . .21 Maria Rosina Giberne. kind By By permission of Mr. J. R. Mozley. Maria Rosina Giberne . ... 22 From a painting by herself. Photo of Lord Congleton . 28 Leader of Syrian Missionary Journey. From his Life by Groves. Dr. Cronin . ... 40 One of those who went to Syria with Francis Newman in 1830. From a photo by Messrs. Webster, Clapham Common. By kind per- mission of Mrs. Cronin. ix LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FACING PAGE Persian Lady and Persian Smoking, date 1827 . 49 From Persia in "Modern Traveller" series, 1830. Maria Kennaway . • • 57 Francis Newman's first wife. From a miniature. Photo by Messrs. Webster, Clapham Common. By kind permission of Sir John Kennaway. Dr. Martineau . ... 65 From the painting by A. E. Elmslie. Francis Newman. 1 14 In middle age. From photo by John Davies, Weston-super-Mare. Photo of Bronze Bust of Francis Newman . .126 Emeritus Professor of London University. By Mrs. Georgina Bain- smith, sculptor, of St. Ives, Cornwall. The bust is now in University College, London. Another View of the Bust in University College (of Francis Newman), on its Plinth . .128 By Mrs. Georgina Bainsmith, sculptor, of St. Ives, Cornwall. This is C. of and reproduction by Mr. J. Douglas, St. Ives, Cornwall, was photographed from the clay before it was cast. Dr. Nicholson . 130 From a photo taken at Gottingen between 1855 and i860. By kind permission of Miss Nicholson, Penrith. Facsimile of Letter from Francis Newman, December, 1855 149 20 White Rock Place, and 1a Carlisle Parade, Hastings. 176 From photos taken in 1909 by Valentine Edgar Sieveking. Anna Swanwick . 213 From a portrait painted by Miss V. Bruce. Louis Kossuth . 251 Certificate of Hungarian Fund 252 Facsimile of Letter from Kossuth to Messrs. Sieveking January, 1854 • • 256 Toulmin Smith . 298 Enlargement from a photo. By kind permission of Miss Toulmin Smith. Cardinal Newman . 357 From an oil painting by Miss Deane, of Bath. Photo by Messrs. Webster, Clapham Common. TO THE READER WHO UNDERSTANDS My dear Reader, Rightly understood, the two points of view, as regards Religion, of the brothers, Cardinal Newman and Francis Newman, which most separated them, would, together, have approached the realization of a great conception. For the Cardinal, Authority was the sine qud non without which there could be no real faith. Authority the was pilot, without whose steering he could not feel secure in his personal ship. But with Authority at the helm, his fears dispersed, his doubts removed. " I was not ever thus I loved to choose and see my path, but now " Lead Thou me on ! Over Francis Newman, dogma and the authority of the Church had no sway. He dimly discerned a religion which should move forward with men's advance in knowledge. He imagined an unformalized inward revelation which should reveal new truths to those who passionately desired Truth above all things. And when all is said, the union of Authority given in the past, with the very real mental development which makes for spiritual progress in the present, is not antagonistic to a wise, strong breadth of view in the conception of a perfect Church. XI xii TO THE READER But in both points of view, carried to extremes, there are grave perils to the man who thinks. And I find it impossible to avoid saying here that Francis Newman did not realize this risk when he refused to " " ask for the old paths," and determined to see and choose his path" alone and unaided. We know what the endeavour to found a new church in Syria ended in. We know how, later, he wrote, held back by no reverence for revealed religion, no reverence for other men's belief in it. Many of his writings therefore are painful reading. Though from very early boyhood he had been really a keen seeker after true religion, an earnest student of the Holy Scriptures, and a deep thinker, yet, very soon after he had reached young manhood, it began to be realized by all who knew him that he was very evidently breaking away from all definite dogmatic faith. He was bent, so to speak, on inventing a new religion for himself. Gradually every year made the spiritual breach wider between him and those who held the Christian Faith. Soon he did not hesitate to say out, in very unguarded language, what he really thought of doctrines which he knew were precious to them. Sometimes to-day, in- deed, in reading his books, one comes across some statement in letter, article, or lecture flung out almost and one back as if a venomously ; steps mentally spiritual hiss had whipped the air from some inimical sentence which had suddenly lifted its heretical head from amongst an otherwise quiet group of words. At the end of life it is said that he showed signs of TO THE READER xiii some return to the early faith of his boyhood. That he said, just before his death, to Rev. Temperley Grey, " who was visiting him in his last illness, I feel Paul is less and less to me ; and Christ is more and more." And those who knew that side of him which was splendid in its untiring effort for the betterment of mankind—for the righting of wrongs to women, and others unable to achieve it for themselves—cannot but hope that the faith of earlier days was his once more, before he passed into the silence that lies—as far as we are concerned in this world—at the back of Death. I remember being told once, that of Stanley it was said by someone who knew him well, that she had " always felt that he believed more than he knew he did." And when one thinks how Francis Newman looked up in faith—even though it was an absolutely undogmatic, formless faith—to a God who watched over mankind, " one may hope that he too believed more than he knew he did." This life is only a short chapter in our existence. Personality is in its essence immortal, though not un- changing in its presentment. Some of us have many " " phases of faith even in this short existence. Some like of us, St. Paul, only two. The first, fiery in its denunciations, and persecutions and uncompromising attitude towards all who differed from him as regards " the Faith which afterwards, when the scales had fallen from his eyes," he was to champion. The second, just as splendid in its enthusiasm for the doctrine he had xiv TO THE READER formerly abused.
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