March 10, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4613 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

HONORING ZLATA FILIPOVIC­ Anne Frank. But how many more will if some­ thing is coming, something very bad. On TV BOSNIA'S ANNE FRANK thing is not done? How tragic it would be if we I see people in front of the parliament build­ only praise her for her literary achievement ing. The radio keeps playing the same song: "Sarejevo. My Love." That's all very nice, HON. CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH and fail to respond to the crisis which gave but my stomach is still in knots. birth to it. OF NEW JERSEY TUESDAY, 4/28/92. DEAR MIMMY Zlata speaks out forcefully and bravely for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Sniffle! Martina, sniffle, and Matea, sniffle, the Bosnians and for all children. She re­ Thursday, March 10, 1994 left yesterdaaay! They left by bus for Krsko minded me of the obligations which I have­ [a town in Slovenia]. Oga has gone too, so Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, which we all have-to seek peace, security, has Dejan. Mirna will be leaving tomorrow today the Helsinki Commission was · privileged and justice. or the next day, and soon Marijana will be to have Zlata Filipovic, a 13-year-old girl from CHILD OF WAR- THE DIARY OF ZLATA going too. Sarajevo, testify about her experience as a FILIPOVIC Sniffle. child in that besieged and war-torn city. Her Everybody has gone. I'm left with no In late 1991 , Zlata Filipovic, 10, a Bosnian friends. presence there today was nothing short of a girl of mixed ethnic heritage, started a diary miracle. of her life in Sarajevo. It soon became a SATURDAY, 512192 . DEAR MIMMY The devastation and death which has been chronicle of horrors. Over the next two Today was truly, absolutely the worst day inflicted on the people of Sarajevo-indeed all years, as the city came under intensifying ever in Sarajevo. The shooting started Serb attack, Zlati. grew from a girlish inno­ around noon. Mommy and I moved into the of Bosnia-has ended the lives of thousands hall. Daddy was in his office, under our of people, young and old, whose contributions cent into a precociously wise young teen­ ager. She compared herself to Anne Frank, apartment, at the time. We told him on the to the world will never be known. But perhaps the Dutch Jewish girl who was killed by the intercom to run quickly to the downstairs in death, they call us to a task which might Nazis and left behind a poignant account of lobby where we'd meet him. We brought seem beyond our abilities-to seek a lasting her life in hiding. Last summer a peace Cicko [the canary] with us. The gunfire was peace where people of all ethnic backgrounds, group in Sarajevo published Zlata's diary. A getting worse, and we couldn' t get over the cultures, and religions will live side by side, French publisher brought out a European wall to the Bobars', so we ran down to our building a better world. edition and arranged for the family's evacu­ own cellar. The cellar is ugly, dark, smelly. Mommy, Zlata and her parents are no longer threat­ ation from Sarajevo. Now 13, Zlata lives with her parents in Paris. The U.S. edition of her who's terrified of mice, had two fears to cope ened personally by the destruction in Bosnia­ with. The three of us were in the same corner but it has forever changed their lives. I am diary is published this week. Exclusive ex­ cerpts: as the other day. We listened to the pound­ sure it has also changed how they will forever ing shells, the shooting, the thundering noise view the world. The recently published "Zlata's THURSDAY, 3/5/92 overhead. We even heard planes. At one mo­ Diary"-her record of the war and her Oh God, things are heating up in Sarajevo. ment I realized that this awful cellar was the On Sunday a small group of armed civilians thoughts and perceptions-should certainly only place that could save our lives. Sud­ (as they say on TV) killed a Serbian wedding denly, it started to look almost warm and challenge us. guest and wounded the priest. On March 2 From the first time portions of the diary be­ nice. It was the only way we could defend (Monday) the whole city was full of barri­ ourselves against all this terrible shooting. came known, the world sat up and took notice cades. There were " l ,000" barricades. We We heard glass shattering in our street. Hor­ of this young girl whose insights and passion didn't even have bread. At 6:00 people got fed rible. I put my fingers in my ears to block belie her age. Quickly, she received world at­ up and went out into the streets. The proces­ out the terrible sounds. tention. She was being acclaimed as the Anne sion set out from the cathedral and made its THURSDAY, 5/7/92. DEAR MIMMY way through the entire city. Several people Frank of Sarajevo. Newsweek magazine said I was almost positive the war would stop. "she compared herself to Anne Frank." But as were wounded at the Marshal Tito army bar­ racks. People sang and cried " Bosnia, But today .. . Today a shell fell on the park I read her diary it was not Zlata, but others Bosnia." " Sarajevo, Sarajevo." " We'll live in front of my house, the park where I used who gave her that name. Her response was together" and " Come Outside." to play and sit with my girlfriends. A lot of simply, "That frightens me. I don't want to suf­ people were hurt, and Nina is dead. A piece MONDAY, 3/30/92 of shrapnel lodged in her brain and she died. fer her fate." Hey diary! You know what I think? Since Mr. Speaker, Anne Frank's diary became She was such a sweet, nice little girl. We Anne Frank called her diary Kitty, maybe I went to kindergarten together, and we used known to the world only after her death, only could give you a name too. What about: to play together in the park. Is it possible after the whole world knew of the atrocities of Asfaltina, Pidzameta, Sefika, Hikmeta, I'll never see Nina gain? Nina, an innocent the Nazi extermination programs. It serves as Sevala, Mimmy or something else??? 11-year-old little girl- the victim of a stupid a reminder of one of the darkest moments in I'm thinking, thinking . . . I've decided. war. I feel sad. I cry and wonder why? She human history. Yet at the same time, it serves I'm going to call you Mimmy. didn't do anything. A disgusting war has de­ as a message of hope-hope that it seems All right then, let's start. stroyed a young child's life. Nina. I'll always Dear Mimmy, remember you as a wonderful little girl. only a child can offer at times such as that. It's · almost half-term. · We 're all studying WEDNESDAY, 5/27/92. DEAR MIMMY "Zlata's. Diary" speaks to us now while the for our tests. Tomorrow we're supposed to go atrocities of the war in Bosnia continue. It is to a classical music concert at the Slaughter! Massacre! Horror! Crime! Blood! not .a reminder of things past, but a call to re­ Screams! Tears! Despair! Skenderija Hall. Our teacher says we That's what Vaso Miskin Street looks like spond now to the crisis. Her voice speaks for shouldn't go because there will be 10,000 peo­ today. Two shells exploded in the street and the thousands who are still besieged, who live ple, pardon me, children, there, and some­ one in the market. Mommy was nearby at with the fear that at any moment their world body might take us as hostages or plant a the t ime. She ran to Grandma and will be torn apart. She is the living spirit of the bomb in the concert hall. Mommy says I Granddad's. Daddy and I were beside our­ shouldn't go. So I won't . children who have died and of those who con­ selves because she hadn't come home. I saw tinue to suffer. She is a light of hope for those SUNDAY, 4/5/92. DEAR MIMMY some of it on TV but I still can't believe in Bosnia who each day lose hope. I am sub­ I'm trying to concentrate so I can do my what I actually saw. It's unbelievable. I've homework (reading), but I simply can't . got a lump in my throat and a knot in my mitting for the RECORD excerpts from her diary Something is going on in town. You can hear tummy. Horrible. They're taking the wound­ published in Newsweek so that we all may be gunfire from the hills. Columns of people are ed to the hospital. It's a madhouse. We kept enlightened by her insight. spreading out from Dobrinja. They're trying going t o the window hoping to see Mommy, Now that Zlata is safe, she hopefully no to stop somet hing, but they themselves don't but she wasn't back. Daddy and I were t ear ­ longer has to worry about suffering the fate of know what. You can simply feel that some- ing our hair out ..

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 4614 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 10, 1994 I looked out the window one more time and And I say: "Now, it's about the war." fast, lunch and dinner were all uncooked be­ ... I saw mommy running across the bridge. And she says: "Fipa, you 're terrific." cause the gas went off yesterday. And as you As she came into the house she started shak­ She said that because they want to publish know, we have no electricity either, so we're ing and crying. Through her tears she told us a child's diary and it just might be mine, all on the verge of suicide. DISASTER! Oh, how she had seen dismembered bodies. which means-you, mimmy. And so I copied Mimmy. I can't take it anymore. I'm so tired A horrible day, unforgettable. part of you into another notebook and you of all these Sssss! I'm sorry I'm swearing but Horrible! Horrible! went to the City Assembly to be looked at. I really can't take it anymore. There's a FRIDAY, JUNE 5, 1992, DEAR MIMMY And I've just heard that you're going to be growing possibility of my killing myself, if published! You're coming out for the all these morons up there and down here There's been no electricity for quite some UNICEF Week! SUPER! don't kill me first. I'm losing it. time and we keep thinking about the food in the freezer. There's not much left as it is. It THURSDAY, 11/19/92. DEAR MIMMY SATURDAY, 7/17/93. DEAR MIMMY would be a pity for all of it to go bad. There's I keep wanting to explain these stupid poli­ Book promotion day. meat, and vegetable and fruit. How can we tics to myself, because it seems to me that Since I didn't take you with me (just a save it? politics caused this war, making it our ev­ part of you was there) I have to tell you Daddy found an old wood-burning stove in eryday reality. War has crossed out the day what it was like. the attic. It's so old it looks funny. In the and replaced it with horror, and now horrors It was wonderful. The presenter was a girl cellar we found some wood, put the stove are unfolding instead of days. It looks to me who looked unbelievably like Linda outside in the yard, lit it and are trying to as though these politics mean Serbs, Croats Evangelista. She read parts of you, Mimmy, save the food from the refrigerator. We and Muslims. But they are all people. They and was even accompanied on the piano. cooked everything and joining forces with are all the same. They all look like people, Auntie Irena was there. Warm and kind, as the Bobars, enjoyed ourselves. There was there's no difference. They all have arms, always, with warm words for children and veal and chicken, squid, cherry strudel, meat legs and heads, they walk and talk, but now adults alike. and potato pies. All sorts of things. It's a there's "something" that wants to make At the end I read my message. This is what pity, though, that we had to eat everything them different. I said: so quickly. We even overate. Among my girlfriends, among our friends, "Suddenly, unexpectedly, someone is using the ugly powers of war, which horrify me, to THURSDAY, JUNE 18, 1992, DEAR MIMMY in our family, there are Serbs and Croats and Muslims. It's a mixed group and I never try to pull and drag me away from the shores I keep asking why? What for? Who's to knew who was a Serb, a Croat or a Muslim. of peace, from the happiness of wonderful blame? I as.k but there's no answer. All I Now politics has started meddling around. It friendships, playing and love. I feel like a know is that we are living in misery. Yes, I has put an "S" on Serbs, and "M" on Mus­ swimmer who was made to enter the cold know, politics is to blame for it all. I said I lims and a "C" on Croats, it wants to sepa­ water, against her will. I feel shocked, sad, wasn't interested in politics, but in order to rate them. And to do so it has chosen the unhappy and frightened and I wonder where find out the answer I have to know some­ worst, blackest pencil of all-the pencil of they are forcing me to go. I wonder why they thing about it. They tell me only a few war which spells only misery and death. have taken away [the] peaceful and lovely things. I'll probably find out and understand Why is politics making us unhappy, sepa­ shores of my childhood. I used to rejoice at much more one day. Mommy and Daddy rating us, when we ourselves know who is each new day, because each was beautiful in don't discuss politics with me. They prob­ good and who isn't? We mix with the good, its own way. I used to rejoice at the sun, at ably think I'm too young or maybe they not with the bad. And among the good there playing, at songs. In short, I enjoyed my themselves don't know anything. They just are Serbs and Croats and Muslims, just as childhood. I had no need of a better one. I keep telling me: This will pass-"it has to there are among the bad. I simply don't un­ have less and less strength to keep swim­ pass"? derstand it. Of course, I'm "young," and pol­ ming in these cold waters. So take me back MONDAY, JUNE 29, 1992, DEAR MIMMY itics are conducted by "grown-ups." But I to the shores of my childhood, where I was Boredom, shooting, shelling. People being think we "young" would do it better. We cer­ warm, happy and content, like all the chil­ killed. Despair, hunger, misery; fear. tainly wouldn't have chosen war. dren whose childhood and the right to enjoy That's my life. The life on an innocent 11- A bit of philosophizing on my part, but I it are now being destroyed. year-old schoolgirl. A schoolgirl without a was alone and felt I could write this to you. "The only thing I want to say to everyone school, without the fun and excitement of Mimmy. You understand me. Fortunately, is: PEACE' " . school. A child without games, without I've got you to talk to. FRIDAY, 7/23/93. DEAR MIMMY friends, without the sun, without birds, with­ THURSDAY, 1213/92. DEAR MIMMY Ever since July 17. Various people have out nature, without fruit, without chocolate Today is my birthday. my first wartime been coming around-journalists, reporters, or sweets, with just a little powdered milk. birthday, 12 years old. Congratulations. cameramen. From Spain, France, the U.S. In short, a child without a childhood. Happy Birthday to me! . .. England ... and yesterday a crew came THURSDAY, JULY 2, 1992, DEAR MIMMY The day started off with kisses and con­ from ABC News. They filmed me for Amer­ We gave ourselves a treat today, we picked gratulations. First Mommy and Daddy, then ican TV as the "person of the week." Hey, the cherries off the tree in the yard and ate everyone else. Mommy and Daddy gave me imagine, me a personality? them all up. We had watched it blossom and three Chinese vanity cases-with flowers on Can that outside world see the darkness I its small green fruits slowly turn red and them! see? Just as I can't see myself on TV tonight, now here we were eating them. Oh, you're a As usual there was no electricity. Auntie so the rest of the world probably can't see wonderful cherry tree. Melica came with her family (Kenan, Naida, the darkness I'm looking at. We're at two ends of the world. Our lives are so different. TUESDAY, AUGUST 11, 1992, DEAR MIMMY Nihad) and gave me a book. The whole neigh­ borhood got together in the evening. I got Theirs is bright light. Ours is darkness. Shelling, killing, darkness, and hunger chocolate, vitamins, a heart-shaped soap MONDAY, 8/2193. DEAR MIMMY continue in Sarajevo. Sad. (small, orange), a key chain with a picture of I still don't go out. I play with Bojana and Some people compare me with Anne my playmates Maja and Bojana, a pendant Frank. That frightens me. Mimmy, I don't with my kitty Cici, Cici has brightened up made of a stone from Cyprus, a ring (silver) this misery of a life. How you can come to want to suffer her fate. and earrings (bingo!). WEDNESDAY, 8/18/93. DEAR MIMMY love an animal. She doesn't talk, but she It was nice, .but something was missing. speaks with her eyes, her paws, her meows, It's called peace! Yesterday I heard some optimistic news. and I understand her, I really love you, Cici. The "kids" [politicians] have signed an THURSDAY, 4/8/93. DEAR MIMMY WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 21, 1992, DEAR MIMMY agreement in Geneva on the demilitarization More terrible, sad news today. Our dear, As you know, I confide in you everyday (al­ of Sarajevo. What can I say? That I hope, beloved [canary] Cicko has died. He just top­ that I believe it???? I don't know how I most). Well, you know the summer school in pled over and that was it. He wasn't sick. It our community center? We had a wonderful could. Whenever I believed and hoped for happened suddenly. something it didn't happen, and whenever I time together there, did some acting some He was singing. Now he's not cold any­ reciting, and best of all, some writing too. It didn't believe or expect anything it did hap­ more. The poor thing got through the winter, pen. was all so nice, until that horrible shell we found him food. And he left it all. Maybe killed our friend Eldin. SUNDAY, 10/17/93. DEAR MIMMY he had had enough of this war. Daddy buried Yesterday our friends in the hills reminded Maja is still working with our teacher him in the yard. His case is empty. No more us of their presence and that they are now in Irena Vidovic. And the other day, Maja asks Cicko. me: "Do you keep a diary, Fipa?" control and can kill, wound, destroy ... yes­ I say: "Yes." TUESDAY, 611193. DEAR MIMMY terday was a truly horrible day. And Maja says: "Is it full of your own se­ Yesterday I was a disaster: Today I'm sup­ Five hundred and ninety shells. From 4:30 crets, or is it about the war?" posedly better. Let me tell you that break- in the morning on, throughout the day. Six March 10, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4615 dead and 56 wounded. That is yesterday's A TRIBUTE TO TIMOTHY C. KEY DOCUMENTS PROVE INNO­ toll. Souk-bunar fared the worst. I don't MARTIN CENCE OF JOSEPH OCCHIPINTI know how Melica is. They say that half the houses up there are gone. HON. JAMES A. TRAACANT, JR We went down into the cellar. Into the HON. JERRY LEWIS cold, dark, stupid cellar which I hate. We OF OHIO were there for hours and hours. They kept OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pounding away. All the neighbors were with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, March 10, 1994 us. Thursday, March 10, 1994 Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, as part of Sometimes I think it would be better if my continuing efforts to bring to light all the they kept shooting, so that we wouldn't find it so hard when it starts up again. This way, Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, facts in the case of former Immigration and just as you relax, it starts up AGAIN. I am would like to bring to your attention the fine Naturalization Service agent Joseph convinced now that it will never end. Be­ work and outstanding public service of Timo­ Occhipinti, I submit into the RECORD two cause some people don't want it to, some evil thy C. Martin of San Bernardino, CA. Tim, who sworn affidavits made out by Ramon Antonio people who hate children and ordinary folk. has demonstrated a remarkable dedication to Grullon, a former official of the Government of We haven't done anything. We're innocent. the needs and safety of San Bernardino Coun­ the Dominican Republic: But helpless! ty residents over the past 32 years, will be AFFIDAVIT honored on March 19, 1994, as he retires [State of New York, County of Richmond] from his position as chief of the Bureau of In­ Ramon Antonio Grullon, being duly sworn, vestigation at the San Bernardino County dis­ HONORING WHITESBURG APPA­ deposes and states: trict attorney's office. (1) I am the former Consul of the Domini­ LACHIAN REGIONAL HEALTH­ can Republic to Philadelphia, the former CARE-TOP 25 IN THE NATION Tim attended local schools and spent the Consul General and Ambassador to Kingston, majority of his law enforcement career in San Jamaica, as well as other diplomatic posi­ Bernardino County. Because of his involve­ tions I held for the Government of the Do­ HON. HAROID ROGERS ment and active leadership in the community, minican Republic. OF KENTUCKY Tim has been an instrumental force in pre­ (2) On or about the end of 1989, I was per­ serving the law and order in San Bernardino sonally told by Dominican businessmen, Jose IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES County. Delio Marte, Silvio Sanchez, Pedro Allegria and Ernesto Farbege that they needed my Thursday, March 10, 1994 Tim's initial interest in being a direct partici­ political assistance in " eliminating" former Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, today I rise to pant in preserving the peace and well-being of Immigration Officer Joseph Occhipinti. They honor excellence in health care. Health care is society can be traced back to his dedicated explained to me that Occhipinti was a threat service as a U.S. Marine from 1958 to 1961. to their illegal businesses, which included a very dear subject to the people of southern loan sharking, gambling, drug distribution and eastern Kentucky. Following his service in the military, Tim joined the San Bernardino County sheriff's office as and the employment of illegal aliens. Pedro It is for this reason, I am proud to commend Allegria, Richard Knipping, Jose Delio Marte the administration and staff at the Whitesburg Deputy Sheriff where he achieved the rank of and a man call " Pepe" , the brother-in-law to Appalachian Regional Healthcare facility for sergeant. Tim's law enforcement career flour­ Delio Marte operate a major loan sharking being named one of the top 25 performing ished when he joined the San Diego County operation out of Sea Crest Trading Company rural facilities in the United States. organized crime task force where he was per­ where they set up Bodegas to conduct their sonally responsible for breaking up an L.S.D. illegal businesses. They also use Joel Associ­ Whitesburg ARH was rated alongside 2, 100 manufacturing and distribution ring, leading to ates, Hamilton Drug Stores, and Hamilton rural health care facilities with over 250 beds 15 arrests and the seizure of a lab and $12 Hardware located at West 136th and Hamil­ or less and scored among the leaders. million in pure L.S.D. For the past 17 years ton Place from which illegal wire transfers The study was undertaken by the healthcare from drug proceeds are made to the Domini­ Tim has diligently served as the chief of the can Republic. information firm HCIA, Inc. and the Mercer Bureau of Investigation for the San Bernardino I was told that Occhipinti would be elimi­ health care provider consulting firm, to estab­ County district attorney's office where he was nated on false allegations that he was shak­ lish industry benchmarks for successful health the first and only chief investigator. Tim's dis­ ing down the Bodega owners. They invited delivery. tinguished career is .further highlighted by his me to attend a press conference at the Club It scored hospitals, large and small, in eight involvement in numerous organizations in the Deportivo (168th Street & Audubon Avenue) categories: First, charge per discharge; sec­ law enforcement community. He has served where they wanted to solicit the help of the ond, risk-adjusted mortality rate; third, morbid­ Spanish media to publicize the false allega­ as president of both the California District At­ tions. They told me I was needed because of ity ratio; fourth, expenses per discharge; fifth, torney Investigators Association and the Na­ my political position which would give credi­ average length of stay; sixth, profitability; sev­ tional Prosecutors Investigators' Association. bility to their allegations. I refused because enth, financial leverage; and eighth, invest­ In addition to being a leader in the law en­ I didn't want any trouble. ment in capital assets. These categories are forcement community, Tim has been influential (3) On or about April, 1990, Jose Delio implied measures of cost, quality, and viability. Marte and Silvio Sanchez again approached in the private sector as well. He has received me to accompany them as a protestor at Whitesburg ARH scored among the top hos­ several awards to commemorate his dedica­ City Hall against Occhipinti to make the pitals in every category. Not a small feat-the tion to the needs of citizens which include the same false allegations. I again refused. only other hospital to receive such recognition San Bernardino City Ambassador of Goodwill (4) I am willing to cooperate with Staten in Kentucky was the UK Medical Center facility Award and the San Bernardino League of Island Borough President Guy V. Molinari, in the large hospital category. Women Voters Citizen Achievement Award . as well as the United States Congress, in Whitesburg ARH is not just excellent at de­ Indicative of Tim's commitment to community their investigation of the Occhipinti case service, he has been a past president of both and Dominican drug trafficking activity in livering health services to the residents of the United States. I am cooperating in hopes Kentucky. It has devoted much time and effort the Option House, a home for battered that my cooperation will be brought to the in recent years in community health education women, and Saint Anne's Church in San attention of the Immigration and Natu­ through health fairs, information booth at Bernardino. Additionally, Tim has many nota­ ralization Service where I am under events and even free health screenings at the ble achievements in several chapters of the deportion proceedings. No promises have hospital's annual pig roast, during the Moun­ Elk's Lodge. been made to me in exchange for this co­ tain Heritage Festival. Mr. Speaker, I ask that you join me, our col­ operation. I am willing to work in an under­ cover capacity if requested, to prove what I I am proud to honor Administrator Nicholas leagues, Tim's family and many friends in hon­ have stated in this affidavit is true. P. Lewis, the administration and staff of oring this unique individual for his extensive Whitesburg ARH. They are a shining example and dedicated service. Over the years, Tim AFFIDAVIT of rural health care delivery which all of south­ has touched the lives of many people in our [Stat e of New Jersey, County of Hudson] ern and eastern Kentucky, and all of America community and it is only fitting that the House Ramon Antoni Grullon, being duly sworn, can be proud. recognize him today. deposes and states: 4616 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 10, 1994 1. On August 19, 1993, I executed a sworn af­ Among her most recent accomplishments is mote community involvement-all of which are fidavit to Staten Island Borough President a book of poetry entitled "I Believe • • • The goals of H.R. 6. I want to thank my colleagues Guy V. Molinari. whereby I provided direct Thoughts of Joanne Bluer." who supported the intent of H.R. 6 and op­ knowledge confirming the conspiracy against Mr. Occhipinti by certain members I would now like to share with you her poem posed the Boehner amendment. of the Federation and Sea Crest Trading "Peace Prayer." Company. I outlined the motive for the con­ PEACE PRAYER TRIBUTE TO REBECCA STRINGER spiracy, as well as the identity of its co-con­ I stand, or should I say " kneel" before Thee, spirators, which led to his federal conviction 0 Lord for civil rights and related violations. Not as a beggar, but as a child kneels before HON. CURT WELDON 2. On August 20, 1993, I was interviewed by the flame OF PENNSYLVANIA Mr. Anthony Pope, the attorney represent­ And watches the fire rising as a strong IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing Mr. Occhipinti. regarding my first affida­ compound an falling as ashes. vit. At that interview, I provided additional Thursday, March JO, 1994 testimony relative to the Occhipinti conspir­ I'm scared and I seek your strong hand to guide me. Mr. WELDON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to acy, which are as follows: recognize an outstanding constituent, Rebecca A. I have confirmed why government wit­ Why should I be afraid? Why, why? ness Jose Liberato, a complainant against Because my legs are only flesh, Stringer, a senior at Conestoga High School in Mr. Occhipinti at trial, had falsely testified . My steps are only human mechanisms. Berwyn, PA, who was recently selected as a against Mr. Occhipinti and participated in The spirit that should rise and lift me above regional recipient of the eighth annual Ama­ the conspiracy. Mr. Liberato, a bodega all that is of the world is lacking. teur Athletic Union/Mars Milky Way High owner, is a major participant of Sea Crest It's not gone, just withered and tired. School All-American Award. Trading Company and its illegal activities. Help us have faith in You, so that we may re­ The High School All-American Award is a As I previously stated, Sea Crest is a front dedicate our lives to Your truths and national honor which recognizes four young for loan sharking, drug distribution, money laws of reason and respect for all. men and four young women who exhibit ex­ laundering and gambling activity involving In these troubled times, good people reach ceptional scholastic, athletic, and community Dominican bodegas. Jose Liberato, as did the out to good people. others at Sea Crest, lost thousands of dollars service achievements. It is not black and white, yellow and red. Rebecca is an outstanding student ranked from Mr. Occhipinti's confiscation of contra­ It is good against evil. band and monies from bodegas indebted to As Rousseau said, " Evil triumphs because near the top of her class, who is listed in Sea Crest. In addition. Mr. Liberato and men of good will do nothing." "Who's Who Among American High School many of his relatives' bodegas, were inves­ He also said " Man is neither good, nor is he Students." She is a member of the National tigated by Mr. Occhipinti. bad. He is neutral and can be influ­ Honor Society, senior class treasurer and has B. On or about May 1993, I was present at enced to change and can be corrupted maintained a position on the honor roll for 4 a meeting with City Council's Guillermo by the society in which he lives." years. She also sings with her high school Linares and Georgina " Donny" Sanchez where Mr. Occhipinti's case was discussed. These are important points choir and has performed with the Wilmington Ms. Sanchez is a member of the Dinkins Ad­ Because people can initiate change Symphony Orchestra. As an athlete, Rebecca ministration, who acts as an intermediary in And they must do so now. has distinguished herself in field hockey, delivering illegal cash contributions to the All good people must pray together swimming, and lacrosse. She participates on Dinkins Campaign on behalf of the Federa­ And what is more important, the national level with the U.S. Field Hockey Must work toward this end actively and with tion and Sea Crest. This allegation is based Association and the National Field Hockey De­ upon personal knowledge since I was person­ great hope in their hearts. I hate to think how our society will hemor­ velopmental Program. ally privy to one such illegal contribution Despite her already full range of activities, involving about seven thousand dollars. It rhage if we fail now. also explains why Mayor Dinkins supports We must not fail. Rebecca finds time for a variety of community the Federation and supported their efforts in service projects. She works with the hearing having Mr. Occhipinti prosecuted. At the impaired and learned sign language to be­ meeting, Georgian expressed her concern BOEHNER AMENDMENT TO ELIMI­ come the voice link between a deaf member about Mr. Occhipinti's public and legal ef­ NATE THE ELLENDER FELLOW­ of her high school swim team. In addition she forts for vindication, which could expose the SHIP PROGRAM volunteers with the Special Olympics and the conspiracy, as well as the Federation's and American Diabetes Foundation. She also tu­ Sea Crest illegal operations. In response, Councilman Linares stated that he was not HON. MIKE SYNAR tors an inner city elementary student and concerned because he had strong contacts at OF OKLAHOMA serves as a youth clinic coach in both field the prosecutor's office. Those contacts had IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hockey and lacrosse. assured him that they had everything under This exceptional young woman is 1 of 2 control. I interpreted that statement to Thursday, March 10, 1994 Pennsylvania recipients and 1 of 8 regional re­ mean that there may be some corrupt pros­ Mr. SYNAR. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, my cipients from more than 10,000 high school ecutors involved in covering up the colleagues voted on the Boehner amendment seniors from nominated nationwide. M&M/ Occhipinti conspiracy. which would have eliminated several edu­ Mars awards $10,000 scholarships to the re­ 3. As previously promised, I have agreed to work in an undercover capacity to help prove cation programs from H.R. 6. Among these gional recipients. Rebecca's scholarship will the conspiracy against Mr. Occhipinti. In ad­ was the Allen J. Ellender Fellowship Program, be applied to the college of her choice. dition, to have my conversation with the which provides critically important funding to Rebecca will now be eligible to become an various co-conspirators consensually mon­ the Close Up Foundation. All-American Award national recipient. In April, itored to prove their complicity in the con­ As many of my colleagues know, the Close two national recipients-one young man and spiracy. Up Foundation often provides students with one young woman-will be named and each their first exposure to our Nation's Capitol and will be awarded a $40,000 scholarship. So, I ask my colleagues in the House to join TRIBUTE TO JOANNE BLUER the policymaking process. In my district, the Close Up Foundation helps provide many me in recognizing Rebecca B. Stinger, a re­ Oklahoma students with their first trip to markable young woman who demonstrates the HON. Bill BAKER Washington, DC, and the State capitol in promise that the future holds for our country. OF CALIFORNIA Oklahoma City. I have met many of these IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eager and bright students and their teachers TRIBUTE TO ROY KEPLER Thursday, March 10, 1994 and can say that this experience empowers Mr. BAKER of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise them. It provides them with knowledge that HON. ANNA G. F.sHOO today to pay tribute to a survivor of polio, they in turn share with other students and OF CALIFORNIA heart disease, lung disease, and breast can­ teachers within their community. The Ellender IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cer. She is Joanne Bluer, a Jewish-American Fellowship Program has been effective in poet from Walnut Creek, CA. using a small appropriation to improve teach­ Thursday, March 10, 1994 Her heroic struggle should serve as an in- ing and learning within schools, provide pro­ Ms. ESHOO. Mr. Speaker, I rise before the spiration to us all. · fessional development for teachers, and pro- House of Representatives to commemorate March 10, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4617 the lite of Roy Kepler, a gentle and accom­ of families and values. The debate on crime exemption for children, which has not been plished man who lived on the frontlines of the has evolved into comments about the general adjusted for inflation for decades. nonviolent movement in California during the moral decline in the country. People want But perhaps more important than specific criminals behind bars and heinous crime se­ federal programs would be for policymakers 1960's. verely punished. But they also increasingly to look at how legislation in all sorts of When one walks down the streets of Menlo associate crime with a lack of social values areas could impact on the family. Will this Park in California's 14th Congressional Dis­ and the breakdown of family structures-­ tax policy or this health care reform or this trict, everyone knows the name Kepler. high divorce rates, single parenthood, child assistance package tend to strengthen or Inspired by the idea that information is the abuse. People want the root causes of crime weaken families? We look at broad public conduit of political change, Roy moved to addressed. policy decisions in terms of how they affect Menlo Park 30 years ago and set up a small Other social issues are being linked more the deficit or the environment; we also need newsstand called Kepler's Books and Maga­ and more to values and family structure: to look at how they affect the family. Surely zines. Kepler went to great lengths to make lackluster educational achievement, high in­ public policy should consider seriously the fant mortality rates, health care costs driv­ value of the family, and that means asking his bookstore a primary meeting place for ac­ en up by violence and drug abuse, and high how legislation and market institutions af­ tivist movements of the sixties and seventies. poverty rates. There is not much doubt that fect the legal and economic incentives to Roy opened his doors to young people, the best social program for children is a sta­ form families and to maintain their stabil­ people of color, and young men escaping draft ble, intact family. ity. The aim of public policy should be to im­ boards, and dedicated himself to their financial The cold statistics on America's families prove the chances that families will succeed. well-being by hiring them to do odd jobs. He are alarming. In the past three decades the CONCLUSION percentage of children born outside of mar­ was a warrior for peace, best exemplified by I think the good news is that a consensus his opposition to America's involvement in riage has risen five-fold from 5 percent to 25 percent. Almost two-thirds of black children is developing in the country across ideologi­ Vietnam and his vision for change in America. are born out of wedlock. Twenty percent of cal and partisan lines about the nature of Although Roy was motivated by his own all female teenagers in the U.S. bear a child. the problems confronting America's families. personal ideas, he did not impose his beliefs Almost half of all marriages now end in di­ Solutions include attention to the family on the patrons of his bookstore. He saw his vorce. The result is that almost a third of structure, which conservatives like to em­ store as a resource where he could provide U.S. families with children are one parent phasize, as well as the economic factors the community access to volumes of informa­ households, And a lot of these children grow which the liberals like to stress. A better ap­ proach is to address these problems simulta­ tion on vast arrays of subjects. up poor. Children, especially those in single families, are the poorest Americans. neously with programs that increase re­ The legacy of Roy Kepler lives on today. sources available to parents as well as im­ Young people still congregate at Kepler's to I think this concern about family struc­ tures and moral values is well-placed and prove the chances that children will grow up browse the stacks of books and papers and healthy. Stable family structure is impor­ in stable, intact families. discuss politics. Kepler's remains a central tant because it enables parents to meet their One of the wisest statements to come out meeting place where America's future can be responsibilities and counter the forces that of the White House in recent years came not discussed with an open heart and an open can run contrary to values-from violence on from a president but from the first lady. Bar­ mind. TV to peer pressure. Values by which people bara Bush said, "Your success as a family­ Roy Kepler's life and how he chose to live live do matter and we should not pretend our success as a society-depends not on otherwise. We ought not to have any par­ what happens at the White House, _but on it is an eloquent statement about the commu­ what happens inside your house." nity I am privileged to represent. We miss you tisan debate about family values. Roy, and always will. FEDERAL EFFORTS I often ask myself what would be the most REMEMBERING DR. HENRY worthwhile public policies to help strengthen CAMPBELL FAMILIES AND VALUES values and families. Certainly the problem is basically cultural rather than political, but HON. LEE H. HAMILTON there are public policies that can be helpful. HON. HAROLD ROGERS When the government bans racial discrimi­ OF KENTUCKY OF INDIANA nation it forcers changes in public behavior IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and, over time, a change of attitudes. Or IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, March JO, 1994 when the government takes steps to improve Thursday, March 10, 1994 the economic outlook and make jobs more Mr. ROGERS. Mr. Speaker, the people of Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to secure, that can affect the welfare of Ameri­ insert my Washington Report for Wednesday, ca's children and families. Kentucky and the Nation lost one of its most March 9, 1994, into the CONGRESSIONAL Much of the federal government's involve­ revered educators and servants when Dr. RECORD: ment in family issues has been through a va­ Henry A. Campbell, of Floyd County, passed riety of specific programs, including pre­ FAMILIES AND VALUES away on Tuesday, February 22. natal care, low-income health and child care, On June 12, 1964, Dr. Campbell became Americans are putting much greater em­ Head Start, elementary and secondary edu­ phasis on the importance of the family than Prestonburg Community College's first presi­ cation, assistance for young mothers, and dent. While under his control, the college grew they did two decades ago. They recognize family planning. I suspect that children are that the family is where most basic values not as important as they should be in federal from 322 students in 1964 to more than 2,500 are instilled-from being responsible for and state budgets. One estimate is that elev­ at his retirement in 1991. one's own actions to respecting people for en times more federal benefit dollars per He expanded the curriculum and, in 1987, themselves-and they think that for many capi ta go to those over 65 than to those established a satellite campus which now en­ reasons the family is under great strain under 18. rolls more than 800 students. He also played today. They are worried about the prospects Congress last year took several steps to a vital role in establishing Hazard Community for the institution of the family. help families. It expanded significantly the For most of us it is hard to conceive of a College. earned income tax credit, which will keep He established the science building that successful society without strong families. money in the hands of working parents. It Whenever there are indications that the fam­ passed the Family and Medical Leave Act, bears his name at Prestonburg Community ilies of the nation are in disarray or confused which permits employees up to 12 weeks of College, where his legacy for excellence in it becomes a matter of deep concern. Hoo­ unpaid leave upon the birth or adoption of a education will live forever. siers in public meetings instinctively under­ child or to care for a family member with a His is a legacy that also will be shared each stand that at the heart of our society lies the serious illness. It set up a new program to and every time a Prestonburg Community Col­ family. A witness before a congressional offer assistance and support services to help lege graduate crosses the stage to receive committee some years ago said: " As families troubled families and keep them intact. And go, so goes the nation." So it makes a lot of their diploma. it required states to step-up efforts to estab­ A veteran who served in Europe during sense to have as a paramount national goal lish paternity in out-of-wedlock births in the promotion of families that can success­ order to improve support by fathers. Other World War II under Gen. George Patton, fully raise children. pro-family measures are pending before Con­ Campbell was wounded in action and deco­ IMPORTANCE OF FAMILY VALUES gress, including a reform of welfare to mini­ rated for his brave service. Discussions on a wide range of social issues mize the penalties for getting married or Many of us knew Campbell as the educator are increasingly coming back to discussions going to work, and raising the income tax who passed other higher-glory opportunities to 4618 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 10, 1994 spend 27 years of his life molding a new col­ Mr. Speaker, I ask that you join me, our col­ Rizzuto, now 76, will be honored along with lege at Prestonburg into the complex that it is leagues, and his many friends in honoring this the late Leo Durocher and pitching great today. outstanding individual for his extensive and Steve Carlton as this year's inductees into Dr. Campbell also was a community leader dedicated service. Over the years, Elmer has baseball's hallowed shrine on July 31. Finally and fundraiser. As an active member of many touched the lives of many people in our com­ receiving the necessary 75 percent support of local and State organizations-education, and munity and it is only fitting that the House rec­ the Veterans Committee after 12 dry runs, other, Campbell has left his mark on the Big ognize him today. Rizzuto was clearly ecstatic over this belated Sandy area and Kentucky alike. honor. "It's something they'll never be able to But Henry Campbell's greatest contributions take away from me," he exclaimed. have been to our children. Teaching by exam­ COMMENDING GEORGE BYER FOR The odds were long as the committee con­ ple, Dr. Campbell has shown generations of HIS UNTIRING WORK FOR WORLD sidered scores of candidates, and Rizzuto young people that hard work, devotion to com­ PEACE needing 75 percent of the vote for induction. munity, and respect are the most honorable But what seemed to do it for him was the re­ and everlasting pursuits. HON. ALFRED A. (AL) McCAND~ cent addition to the committee of Bill White, In all of his activities, Dr. Campbell truly OF CALIFORNIA Pee Wee Reese, and Yogi Berra, all of whom cared about the students and citizens of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES possessed the infinite wisdom to recognize the Big Sandy area. All of his efforts have been to Thursday, March 10, 1994 Scooter's extraordinary baseball talent and his raise the quality of education and to improve enduring contributions to the game. Mr. McCANDLESS. Mr. Speaker, one of my the quality of life for the people of eastern Rizzuto's detractors always point to the fact constituents, George H. Byer of Hemet, CA, Kentucky. Because of this commitment, he will that he only played 13 seasons. But let's face has made a name for himself as a promoter be sorely missed. it, he was, what Mel Allen once described, of world peace through friendship, and as a "* * * The heart and guts of the ball club." founder of a worldwide Friendship Corps for Even with the interruption of World War II, Children. A TRIBUTE TO ELMER J. DIGNEO Rizzuto led the Yankees to 10 pennant cham­ He was born 80 years ago in a sod farm pionships and 7 World Series victories; not to house on the prairie in South Dakota. He re­ LEWIS mention an MVP award in 1950. HON. JERRY members walking miles across the prairie to a Rizzuto's handsome countenance will now OF CALIFORNIA one-room school house. He was an only child, adorn the hallowed halls of Cooperstown, join­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with few neighbors or friends, who now puts ing many of his Yankee teammates-and his Thursday, March 10, 1994 great value on friendship. baseball glove. Not bad for a short guy who Coming out of World War II with a disability, Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, started off playing stick ball in the streets of would like to bring to your attention the fine George Byer went to Alaska-which was then a territory of the United States-on the advice Brooklyn. work and outstanding public service of Elmer Phil, we're all happy for you, you deserve it. J. Digneo of Loma Linda, CA. Elmer, who has of a doctor, who told him to find some work to demonstrated a remarkable dedication to the do that would keep him outdoors. He worked needs of Loma Linda over the past 24 years, as a construction laborer and later as a long­ GUN DEALER RESPONSIBILITY will be honored next month as he retires from shoreman. As his health improved, so did his ACT OF 1994 the Loma Linda City Council. sense of purpose. Byer was appointed to civic Elmer grew up in Loma Linda, attended committees, and he received a Man of the HON. JACK REED local schools, and remained in the area to es­ Hour award for his efforts to have the city of Anchorage recognized as the first All-Amer­ OF RHODE ISLAND tablish his professional career and raise his IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES family. Because of his involvement and active ican City outside the continental United States. leadership in the community, Elmer has been In 1959, Byer was elected mayor of Anchor­ Thursday, March 10, 1994 an instrumental force in leading and preparing age, Alaska's largest city. During his term as Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, now that the Brady Loma Linda for the many challenges which lie mayor, Byer began actively working for inter­ handgun control law is on the books, it is time in the future. national peace, cooperation, and friendship. to build on the national consensus to control As a community leader, Elmer is well known He broadcast a Christmas peace greeting on crime and make people feel more secure in for his long-term and dedicated service to nu­ shortwave radio, which was translated into 35 their homes, schools, neighborhoods, and merous organizations throughout southern languages and sent around the world. places where we work every day. I believe California. On a local level, Elmer spent 43 Moving to California, Mr. Byer continues his that one important place to start turning the years in secondary education, including 20 message of friendship from his home in tide of violence is by requiring greater respon­ years of administration. Indicative of his com­ Hemet. Mr. Byer founded the worldwide sibility from people in the business of selling Friendship Corps for Children in 1990. His mitment to community service, he has been a weapons. member of the Loma Linda City Council since logo-a picture of the globe surrounded by the Currently, there are over 284,000 Federally its incorporation in 1970, which included 5 words "Anywhere a Friend-Everywhere, licensed firearms dealers-754 in Rhode Is­ years as mayor and 11 years as mayor pro Earth"-was flown on the space shuttle Co­ land alone. Many of these dealers are respon­ tempore. As a member of the city council, lumbia on its historic flight from April 26 to sible small business people. There are, how­ Elmer made a significant impact on the com­ May 6, 1993. ever, a substantial number of dealers, known Mr. Speaker, I salute George Byer for his munity through his appointments on the as kitchen table dealers who sell guns out of untiring efforts to further the cause of peace. Southern California Regional Rail Authority, their homes and cars to people who lack the the Inland Valley Development Agency Board, requisite identification. Federal regulation of the Omnitrans Board, and the Southern Cali­ HOLY COW! THE "SCOOTER" IS IN! these dealers has been hit or miss, mostly fornia Association of Governments. In addition miss. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and to his work on the city council, Elmer has also HON. SHERWOOD L BOEHLERT Firearms [BATF] has only 240 inspectors served as president of the Loma Linda Cham­ throughout the United States dedicated to in­ OF NEW YORK ber of Commerce where he led a successful spection of gun dealers to ensure compliance IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES revitalization of business in Loma Linda. Most with Federal gun laws. In a chilling revelation, recently, Elmer has served as city representa­ Thursday, March 10, 1994 BATF recently reported that an investigation of tive and vice chairman of the Local Agency Mr. BOEHLERT. Mr. Speaker, on February 400 randomly selected gun dealers uncovered Formation Commission as well as chairman of 25 of this year, a great injustice was cor­ Federal firearms violations among 34 percent the Redlands Unified School District/Loma rected, and baseball fans everywhere of the dealers. Linda Redevelopment Agency Joint Powers breathed a collective sigh of relief as news President Clinton and Treasury Secretary Board. He is currently active in the Campus spread that Philip Francis Rizzuto was finally Lloyd Bentsen have called for increased regu­ Hill Seventh-day Adventist Church as an or­ elected into the National Baseball Hall of lation of gun dealers and proposed increased ganist and tour coordinator. Fame in Cooperstown, NY. administrative controls over the Federal gun •...-----vi.,...... ="-..-.-._--""'I'" --of'---....--...... -...... - • .----,__.-_....-,,.._,...... ___...... ,...-,,. .,._.,T••-.. •~,-..----- r-r-.-;••••••-.• • • ' - '• , I• I •I

March 10, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4619 dealer licensing process. However, administra­ With over 280,000 licensed gun dealers, the years of success and musical prosperity. I tive solutio·ns are not enough. government cannot possibly discover and have enjoyed many wonderful evenings at the Past law suits by victims of gun violence prosecute every illegal dealer sale. The Springfield Symphony Orchestra, both as have revealed dealers who sell to prohibited threat of civil damages liability for the vio­ mayor of Springfield and Second District Con­ lence caused by illegaf dealer conduct will buyers in what are called straw purchases. In provide a necessary and powerful incentive gressman and am proud to be a longtime sup­ these cases, an ineligible buyer goes to a for dealers to obey the law. porter. I wish everyone connected with the store and has a friend or relative buy a gun for A number of state courts have already rec­ SSO many more years of fine music. him. ognized that victims can recover damages In one Virginia case, a gun dealer sold a from dealers who violate the law. Your bill semi-automatic handgun to a 16-year-old boy simply gives victims a uniform Federal re.m­ who used his uncle as a straw purchaser. The edy. It is an important component of a Na­ TRIBUTE TO JUANITA WHETSTONE boy had handed the $300 price of the gun to tional strategy against gun violence. Sincerely, his uncle in front of the gun dealer, his uncle SARAH BRADY, HON. BOB CARR purchased the gun, and the 16-year-old left Chair. the store carrying the gun. The boy then used OF MICHIGAN the same gun to kill one of his teachers. A Vir­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ginia court found that the gun dealer had been A TRIBUTE TO SPRINGFIELD SYM­ Thursday, March 10, 1994 negligent in selling the murder weapon and PHONY ORCHESTRA'S 50TH ANNI­ awarded the victims family $105,000 in dam­ VERSARY Mr. CARR. Mr. Speaker, I appreciate this ages. opportunity to pay tribute today to Juanita In Georgia, damages were awarded against HON. RICHARD E. NEAL Whetstone, formerly of Lansing, Ml, who will a gun dealer who was found to be negligent OF MASSACHUSETTS be honored with an Eleanor Roosevelt Award in selling a semi-automatic rifle to a straw IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by the Michigan Democratic Women's Caucus buyer. The straw purchase was made by the on March 12, 1994. Thursday, March 10, 1994 wife of a man who could not purchase a gun Juanita first came to Lansing in 1952, from on his own because he had once been institu­ Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, Brownsville, TX. After giving her time to the tionalized for mental illness. The man then today I pay tribute to the Springfield Sym­ 1960 voter registration drive in Mississippi, used the same gun to kill a woman while she phony Orchestra's 50th anniversary. I would she returned to Lansing and joined the Michi­ sat in her home. like to share with my colleagues the long leg­ gan Democratic Party in 1963 as a volunteer. Despite these examples, it is very difficult acy of the Springfield Symphony Orchestra. I Thus began over 30 years of devoted and un­ for victims of gun violence to go to court and am confident that upon hearing the history of paralleled service to the Michigan Democratic collect damages from gun dealers who break the Springfield Symphony, you will all appre­ Party. the -law and sell guns to minors and straw ciate the magnificent contributions the sym­ No one person has given as much time to buyers. This is because there is very little phony has given the people of western Mas­ the Michigan Democratic Party, with such re­ case law and no Federal law giving victims of sachusetts. markable results, as Juanita Whetstone. She Under the superb leadership of Mr. Alexan­ gun violence the right to sue gun dealers who has worked with nine Democratic Party chairs, der Leslie, the first conductor of the sym­ . make illegal gun sales. holding a variety of offices in local politics. The bill I am introducing today, the Gun phony, the Springfield Symphony performed She has been a precinct delegate and a dele­ Dealer Responsibility Act of 1994, provides a its first concert on March 5, 1944. That night gate to the Democratic Party State Convention statutory cause of action for victims of gun vio­ in the Springfield Municipal Auditorium, Alex­ every year since she joined the Michigan lence against gun dealers whose illegal sale of ander Leslie and his symphony began a forum Democratic Party. She has also served on the a gun directly contributes to the victim's injury. of cultural enlightenment for the people of Ingham County Women's Commission and the My intent in proposing this bill is to completely Springfield, that has since expanded through­ Ingham County Executive Board, and as a shutoff the illegal sale of guns to minors and out the region. Alexander Leslie had a vision Democratic second ward chair, a member of convicted felons. I also believe my bill will go that went well beyond the formation of a sym­ the Nancy Williams Democratic Women's a long way toward making those gun dealers, phony. He realized the need for music edu­ Club, and a convention and housing coordina­ who now may look the other way, more cau­ cation and enrichment for children. In coopera­ tor for State and national Democratic Party tious about selling guns to straw gun buyers. tion with the Springfield Public Schools, the Conventions. Gun sales in America generated $7 billion in Roman Catholic Diocese of Western Massa­ 1992 and it is estimated this figure was $9 bil­ chusetts, and the Springfield City Library, Les­ Having known Juanita for many years, I can lion in 1993. In a time when many Americans lie Alexander began the Young People's Sym­ say with confidence that in an arena as filled have seen their quality of life altered by a fear phony in 1944. In 1948, Mrs. Douglas Wal­ with egos as politics often is, Juanita is re­ of crime and random acts of violence, it is only lace, a member of the board of directors, or­ markable for her humility and grace. She is fair that society ask those who profit from gun ganized the Women's Symphony League. known more than anything for her ability to get sales be held to a new and higher standard of What had begun as another orchestra was the job done, and with an unrelenting empha­ responsibility. quickly expanded to involve an entire commu­ sis on success, not on fanfare. For over 30 I ask that a statement be printed in the nity. years, she has given greatly and selflessly of RECORD along with the language of the bill The growth of the Springfield Symphony her own time to Michigan Democratic politics. and a copy of a letter from Sarah Brady of continued throughout the next 40 years. The She has also been a strong role model for Handgun Control, Inc., supporting this legisla­ magnificent sounds of the symphony were many in the Michigan political community, par­ tion. heard throughout the state and the country. In ticularly for women. HANDGUN CONTROL, INC., recent years the Springfield Symphony has It is not far short of a miracle that Juanita Washington, DC, March 8, 1994. been heard by the National Public Radio, has always found the time for her family and Hon. JACK REED, which extends to over 900,000 listeners, and for her church activities. Yet she is a devoted U.S. House of Representatives, 1510 Longworth mother of three daughters, and more recently, House Office Building, Washington, DC. has provided western Massachusetts with out­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN REED: I am writing in side summer concerts. The SSO has become a doting grandmother of three grandchildren. support of your proposed legislation to give the second largest professional orchestra in Juanita has also been a faithful member of gun violence victims a private damages rem­ Massachusetts. Paradise Missionary Baptist Church in Lan­ edy in Federal court against gun dealers who This month, under the leadership of Maestro sing. violate the Gun Control Act. Raymond Harvey, current SSO board Chair­ Mr. Speaker, ·it is fitting that the House of Our Nation is suffering an epidemic of gun man Ronald Weiss, President Peter Carando, Representatives honor outstanding individuals violence. The violence in our streets too often is fueled by gun dealers who engage in and the many dedicated members of the like Juanita Whetstone. Please join me in rec­ irresponsible and illegal conduct, such as board of directors, the Springfield Symphony ognizing her many years of leadership in selling guns to minors or to straw purchasers Orchestra celebrates a half century of musical Michigan politics, and in wishing her continued for prohibited buyers. enjoyment and eagerly anticipates another 50 success in the years to come. 4620 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 10, 1994 IN TRIBUTE TO TSHOMBI WRIGHT Tshombi will, in the end, be the most effective search at Lexington established, for the first instrument we can employ to free our commu­ time, that the withdrawal disturbances were nities from the chokehold of violence. truly physical in nature, that they expressed HON. GERAID D. KLECZKA a profound (possibly even irreversible) alter­ OF WISCONSIN ation in the physiology of the brain. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ADDICTION A further change in our perception of opi­ Thursday, March 10, 1994 ate addiction came about as a result of two major research findings in the sixties and Mr. KLECZKA. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to HON. GEORGE W. GEKAS seventies . Dole and Nyswander (with Mary honor a high school student in my hometown OF PENNSYLV ANIA Jeanne Kreek, whose talk follows mine h er e of Milwaukee who can teach us a thing or two IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES today) showed that maintaining antisocial about what it takes to fight crime. and criminal heroin addicts on a regular Thursday, March 10, 1994 Tshombi Wright is a 15-year-old high school daily dosage of the long-acting opiate meth­ freshman, but he has a maturity well beyond Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I would like to adone, given by mouth, could alter their compulsive drug-seeking behavior and open his years. He watches the devastating impact share with my colleagues some remarks made by Dr. Avram Goldstein, professor emeritus of the way to their total rehabilitation. And gangs and drug dealers are having in his basic neurobiology research revealed the ex­ neighborhood, and recognizes the need to pharmacology at Stanford University, before istence of natural morphinelike substances­ provide children with positive influences to the congressional biomedical research caucus the endogenous opioids (" endorphins")­ counteract the temptations the street has to on Monday, February 28, 1994. The text of Dr. which activate specific opioid receptors in offer. Goldstein's remarks follow: our brains, the same receptors on which the Spurred on by that knowledge, he is doing A 50-year-old man lies in a hospital bed, addictive opiates act. all he can to serve as a walking, talking deter­ desperately ill. Emphysema has destroyed These discoveries had profound implica­ rent. He started by signing up as a coach with his lungs, and the pitiful sound of his labored tions. Since our brains actually contain and require substances that are like heroin and the local police athletic league. Then he joined breathing fills the room. Watch him! Incred­ ible as it seems, he begs his wife to bring him morphine, excessive exposure to such drugs the District 2 Police Explorer Program, and be­ some cigarettes. Cigarettes put him here, would be expected to disturb the fine regula­ came a community services aide at post 882. cigarettes will surely finish him off. Why tion of the brain's own opioid systems. It In that role, Tshombi has volunteered hun­ doesn't he quit? Why didn't he quit 25 years also became possible to imagine (and to look dreds of hours to perform for elementary ago, when the first Surgeon General's report for) genetic abnormalities that might cause school students as McGruff the Crime Dog; on smoking, widely publicized, had already deficient production or regulation of these assist police officers at a host of gun safety made it clear what his future would be if he endogenous opioids and their receptors-ab­ and antigang and graffiti programs, and speak continued his pack-a-day habit? normalities that could predispose to addic­ tion. If someone had too little of a brain at community block watch meetings to answer This introduction could have started dif­ ferently. component essential to feelings of normal­ parents' questions about keeping their kids A 50-year-old man gets off the bus in a ity, might they then take a drug that would away from drugs and gangs. seedy downtown neighborhood. Just hours act like the endogenous opioids, in effect For his dedication, Tshombi was recently before, he was released after serving a two­ self-medicating? honored by the Milwaukee police as the city's year sentence for burglary, his third time in The change in public attitudes toward ad­ Outstanding Youth Involved in Crime Preven­ prison. His regular income as a grocery clerk dictions was accelerated by the 1988 Surgeon tion, Kathy Schult, a crime prevention officer in had barely been enough to support his wife General's report summarizing the evidence district 2 who nominated Tshombi for the and child, so burglary seemed the only way that nicotine is a powerfully addictive drug. No longer could addicts be relegated to skid award, said he has made an invaluable con­ to raise the large sums he needed for his her­ oin habit. Watch him! Only a block from the row or a criminal underclass. Now a major tribution to the community as a role model for bus terminal, he makes his " connection", segment of " respectable" middle-class soci­ his peers. "His example has helped kids real­ buys a syringe and needle and some white ety were recognized to be addicts. The long­ ize how important it is to set goals and reap powder. Heroin put him in prison three persisting myth that alcohol and nicotine the benefits of their accomplishments," she times, heroin will surely finish him off. Why were not even drugs began to break down. said. doesn't he quit? Why didn't he quit 25 years We now know that there are seven families Tragically, there are some in Tshombi's ago, when he could see clearly enough what of addictive drugs. These seven (but no oth­ neighborhood who do not appreciate his ef­ his future would be if he continued using ers) are capable, to varying degrees, of pro­ ducing the compulsive and self-destructive forts. After an article featuring Tshombi ap­ heroin? These are the opening paragraphs of my use pattern that we call addiction. All of peared prominently in a local newspaper, he just-published book, Addiction: From Biol­ them, in varying degrees, are dangerous to was the target of numerous threats to his ogy to Drug Policy (WH Freeman, New York, individual and public health. They all alter safety. On the day after the article ran, in fact, 1994). They make two important points: behavior in varying degrees and in different Tshombi was accosted by four boys in his First, that nicotine addiction and heroin ad­ ways that are often harmful to the addict backyard, where one of them put a gun to his diction are two examples of the same bio­ and dangerous to others. Some cause griev­ head. logic process. To the pharmacologist, licit or ous damage to the fetus, leading to impaired That kind of senseless act reminds us of illicit status has nothing to do with the ad­ brain development and long-lasting learning how deeply rooted the crime problem is today, dictive property of a drug. Second, that an deficits and behavioral disorders. Curiously, addictive drug can take control of behavior, although some addictive drugs are much and how difficult the challenge is to defuse the can lead to compulsive and self-destructive more dangerous than others, there is no rela­ epidemic of violence haunting our inner cities. use that seems to defy common sense and ra­ tionship between the actual danger posed by We can take hope, though, in the commitment tionality. a drug and its legal status. If a legitimate of people like Tshombi. Despite the threats he Albert Einstein once said, in connection role of government is to protect the public has received, this kind-hearted freshman re­ with trying to explain complex scientific health, the laws ought to be based on the bi­ fuses to let go of his dream to one day be­ matters: "We should make things as simple ology ought to be tailored to minimize the come Milwaukee's chief of police, or to drop as possible, but not simpler." In my book­ harm caused by each drug. his community service work today. "You can't and here today-I try to follow his advice. Laboratory research has revealed where Forty years ago the prevalent view of drug and how the addictive drugs act in the brain. give up or give in to these kinds of people," addiction held that it reflected " poor will This knowledge, typically, grew out of stud­ he said. "I can't let them break me." power", an antisocial and criminal tempera­ ies on rate behavior that had nothing to do Mr. Speaker, this kind of resolve and sense ment, or both. Then basic research on the with drug addiction. B.F. Skinner had devel­ of purpose deserves this body's praise and brain and behavior laid the basis of the dis­ oped experimental methods of studying be­ thanks. At a time when the media gives as a ease concept of addiction. The change in pub­ havior rigorously in pigeons and rats, intro­ birds-eye view at one killing spree after an­ lic perception came about first with opiates ducing new concepts about how rewards other, we need to be reminded that there are and alcohol, beginning with research at the drive and control behavior. James Olds, encouraging and heart-warming stories like federal narcotics hospital in Lexington, Ken­ adapting some of Skinner's methods, discov­ tucky in the fifties. It had been thought that ered that rats would press a lever to stimu­ Tshombi's out there, and courageous people the reaction of addicts to having their drug late their own brains with a mild electric like him who are willing to stand up for what withdrawn-the " withdrawal syndrome"­ shock-but only if the electrodes were im­ is right. We also need to know that the dedica­ was largely manipulative complaining in an planted in specific regions deep in the brain. tion and unselfishness of individuals like attempt to get more drug. The clinical re- In other words, the rats "liked" to stimulate March 10, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4621 certain nerve cells, which turned out to con­ the behavioral aspects, the epidemiology, are numerous inherent problems with this sys­ tain (and to release when stimulated) the the possible approaches to treatment. The tem of punishment. neurotransmitter dopamine. Years of re­ National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) In his own words, Justice Blackmun asked search in many laboratories have revealed and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse himself "[t]he basic question-Does the sys­ that this same dopamine " reward pathway" and Alcoholism (NIAAA) have that specific is stimulated by all the addictive drugs. mandate, and they already support most of tem accurately and consistently determine Cocaine, for example, prevents removal of the relevant research in the laboratory, in which defendants 'deserve' to die?" His an­ the dopamine that is released normally in the clinic, and in human populations. We can swer, and one that I have long been in agree­ small amounts at the nerve endings in this predict, however, that important break­ ment with, is "no," the system cannot ade­ pathway. As a n~ sult , greatly excessive throughs are likely to come unexpectedly quately make such a determination. With the amounts accumulate, causing the extreme from seemingly unrelated research, perhaps lack of consistency in which the death penalty excitement, elevated mood, and often frank­ funded by other institutes of the National is enforced, and the inevitability of human ly bizarre behavior seen during cocaine Institutes of Health or by other sources of . error in courts.' decisions, Justice Blackmun binges. Morphine (produced from heroin in support. History teaches us that studies on determined that he cari no longer support this the body) stimulates the same pathway by a isolated nerve cells from lowly squid and sea different mechanism; it prevents the release slugs produced our basic knowledge about "machinery of death." I applaud Justice of an inhibitory neurotransmitter that holds how nerves carry messages and how Blackmun's decision and encourage others to the dopamine nerves in check. In other neurotransmitters pass messages from one follow his lead. words, morphine removes the breaks, caus­ nerve cell to another. Studies on the struc­ Since the Supreme Court lifted the ban on ing large amounts of dopamine to flood the ture and function of receptors, which help us the death penalty in 1976, there have been pathway. Nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, prob­ understand liow all addictive drugs act, were countless cases which put into question the ably even caffeine (weakly addictive though carried out, by and large, by investigators impartiality and constitutionality of this punish­ it is), act in a similar way. Every addictive who had no interest whatsoever in addiction. ment. Statistics consistently show that the drug mimics or blocks the action of one of Such untargeted research has produced the the brain's neuotransmitters. information infrastructure on which tar­ death penalty is disproportionately used What I have said is true, but I have vio­ geted addiction research can draw. Who against people of color and members of low­ lated Einstein's dictum by oversimplifying. could have predicted that Skinner's experi­ income communities. In addition, statistics Forgive me; it would require a whole course ments with pigeons pecking at a lever to get also show that the 36 States which utilize the on the biology of addiction to deal with all a kernel of corn- experiments that were ridi­ death penalty, generally have higher murder the subtleties. Obviously, each of these ad­ culed by some politicians for their lack of rates than the 14 States which have not cho­ dictive drugs has it own distinctive actions, relevance-would lead directly to today's ex­ sen to use the death penalty. These types of so the common effect on the reward pathway periments on the reward pathway? numbers add little credence to the argument is only one of many diverse effects on the It is becoming ever more clear that addic­ brain, which can result in changes of mood, tion is a disease, some kind of neurobiologic that the death penalty is a deterrent to violent perception, cognition, alertness, coordina­ disorder in the reward systems, in which crime. tion, judgment, sense of equilibrium, motor dopamine plays a key role. Our aim, as for Justice Blackmun, who grew up in St. Paul, activity, and numerous other forms of behav­ any chronic relapsing disease, should be MN, the district which I now represent, has ior-changes that are characteristic for each harm reduction. Because the addictive drugs helped turn the corner for this Nation's think­ addictive drug. stimulate and overstimulate the same brain ing on the death penalty. I would like to submit An important question being addressed in systems that are responsible for normal sat­ into the RECORD the following articles which current research efforts is: What role does isfactions, normal reward, normal "feeling further explain Justice Blackmun's decision to good", we cannot simply develop drugs to genetic predisposition play? Obviously, ad­ reverse his stance. This is an encouraging diction is influenced by the availability and block their actions. It would be ur:iimagina­ cost of a drug, the pharmacologic properties ble, for instance, to destroy or permanently sign for our Supreme Court, our judicial sys­ of a drug, by stress, and by numerous envi­ inactivate the reward pathway. Thus, we tem, and the United States of America. ronmental influences. Yet it is a fact that need to learn much more in order to find [From the Saint Paul Pioneer Press, Feb. 27 , with any addictive drug, of all who try it or more subtle and specific ways of reducing 1994) even use it socially, only a small fraction be­ the harm caused by addictive drugs and fore­ SUPREME COURT JUSTICE HARRY BLACKMUN come addicted. Could this mean that genetic stalling relapse without disturbing essential WEIGHS THE EVIDENCE-" NO MORE DEATH vulnerability also plays a role? For alcohol brain functions. PENALTY" addiction there is solid evidence, from adop­ In summary, addiction is primarily a pub­ (By Steven Thomma) lic health problem, complicated secondarily tion and other studies, that heritability is When Supreme Court Justice Harry indeed a major factor. Search for the respon­ (for some drugs) by criminality. The current budget proposal for the "drug war", which Blackmun announced last week he would no sible genes is under way, using techniques of longer support the death penalty, he echoed molecular biology that were developed with­ increases the amount for prevention and treatment relative to that for interdiction the sentiment of his home State and a reso­ out any reference to the drug addiction prob­ lute handful of others: It doesn't work. lem. If those who are especially vulnerable and law enforcement, is a move in the right Together, they stand against a powerful to addiction could be identified by a simple direction, consistent with our present under­ current of popular American thought. Fear­ test, prevention efforts might be more effi­ standing of the biology of drug addiction and ful of crime, a majority of Americans want cient and cost-effective. the need for a harm-reduction approach in murderers executed. A majority of the The central problem in treating addicts is dealing with it. states-36--oblige them. not how to get them off the drug. For all the Since the Supreme Court lifted its four­ addictive drugs, that is a relatively easy year-ban on the death penalty in 1976--with matter with proper medication and good su­ SUPPORT FOR JUSTICE HARRY Blackmun agreeing-14 states have resisted pervision. The real problem is the drug crav­ BLACKMUN'S DEATH PENALTY increasing pressure to kill killers. Most of ing that sooner or later can lead to relapse OPINION the holdouts are in the Midwest and North­ and readdiction. We do not understand crav­ east. ing very well. It is difficult to study, espe­ HON. BRUCE F. VENTO The opponents make a strong case that it cially in animal experiments, but the at­ doesn't stop crime. Consider Blackmun's tempt is under way. If we could develop OF MINNESOTA home state of Minnesota. It does not execute medications to block craving and relapse, we IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES criminals, yet has one of the lowest murder could take a very big step forward in getting Thursday, March JO, 1994 rates in the Nation. Texas, which executes the addiction problem under better control. more people than any other state, has one of Should addiction research be targeted? Of Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, recently Supreme the highest murder rates. Despite the seem­ course it should! But not at the expense of Court Justice Harry Blackmun, one of this Na­ ing assurance of the death penalty, citizens the free-wheeling untargeted research that tion's foremost judicial experts, made a monu­ are nearly four times as likely to be mur­ discovers new principles, opens new paths, mental shift in his position on the death pen­ dered in Texas than in Minnesota. provides novel technologies. We need both alty. For more than 20 years, Justice " It isn't working," said Richard Deiter, di­ targeted and untargeted research, we need Blackmun, along with numerous members of rector of the Death Penalty Information both laboratory and clinical research. It goes Center. without saying that to make progress in pre­ the Court, has attempted to justify the accept­ " Look at the murder rates. It is generally venting and treating drug addictions, we ability and the constitutionality of the death higher in States that have the death penalty need to study drug addictions. We need to penalty. Now, however, Justice Blackmun has than in those that don' t have it," Deiter understand the neurobiology, the genetics, reversed his opinion, rec::ognizing that there said. 4622 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 10, 1994 Nationally, a person is more likely to be by the awareness that a less-than-vigorous is retreating not only from the Furman murdered in a state that has the death pen­ defense truly could have fatal consequences promise of consistency and rationality, but alty than in one that does not, according to for the defendant. We hope that the attorney from the requirement of individualized sen­ the information center's look at federal sta­ will investigate all aspects of the case, fol­ tencing as well. tistics on the subject. low all evidentiary and procedural rules, and Having virtually conceded that both fair­ The average murder rate in States without appear before a judge who is still committed ness and rationality cannot be achieved in the death penalty in 1992 was 4.9 murders for to the protection of defendants' rights even the administration of the death penalty every 100,000 residents. The average in States now, as the prospect of meaningful judicial (McCleskey vs. Kemp, 1987), the Court has with the death penalty: 7.8 murders for every oversight has diminished. chosen to deregulate the entire enterprise, 100,000 residents. In the same vein, we hope that the pros­ replacing, it would seem, substantive con­ Said FBI Director Louis Freeh: "I think ecution, in urging the penalty of death, will stitutional requirements with mere aesthet­ the deterrent effect is probably minimal." have exercised its discretion wisely, free ics, and abdicating its statutorily and con­ Even many supporters contend the death from bias, prejudice or political motive, and stitutionally imposed duty to provide mean­ penalty prevents only a small number of will be humbled, rather than emboldened, by ingful judicial oversight to the administra­ crimes. Of course, they rush to add that it is the awesome authority conferred by the tion of death by the States. worth executing convicts if it prevents even State. From this day forward, I no longer shall a few murders. But even if we can feel confident that these tinker with the machinery of death. For "I think it is a deterrent, though we may ' actors will fulfill their roles to the best of more than 20 years I have endeavored-in­ not be able to prove it," said Wisconsin state their human ability, our collective con­ deed, I have struggled, along with a majority Sen. Alan Lasee, a Republican pushing to re­ science will remain uneasy. Twenty years of this Court-to develop procedural and sub­ instate the death penalty in his state after have passed since this Court declared that stantive rules that would lend more than the 141 years. the death penalty must be imposed fairly, mere appearance of fairness to the death "Would the murders go down in Wisconsin? and with reasonable consistency or not at all penalty endeavor . ... I don't know .... But it would certainly (see Furman vs. Georgia, 1972), and, despite Rather than continue to coddle the Court's send a strong signal to the criminal element the effort of the States and Courts to devise delusion that the desired level of fairness has that the citizens of Wisconsin are fed up." legal formulas and procedural rules to meet been achieved and the need for regulation "The overwhelming majority of murders this daunting challenge, the death penalty eviscerated, I feel morally and intellectually are not going to be deterred," said Tony remains fraught with arbitrariness, discrimi­ obligated simply to concede that the death Bouza, the former Minneapolis police chief nation, caprice and mistake. penalty experiment has failed. It is virtually who is now running for governor of Min­ This is not to say that the problems with self-evident to me now that no combination nesota. the death penalty today are identical to of procedural rules or substantive regula­ However, he argues that the death penalty those that were present 20 years ago. Rather, tions ever can save the death penalty from will make some would-be murderers stop and the problems that were pursued down one its inherent constitutional deficiencies. The think. hole with procedural rules and verbal for­ basic question-does the system accurately "Whenever the human animal sets out to mulas have come to the surface somewhere and consistently determine which defendants calculate, you want to set important nega­ else, just as virulent and pernicious as they "deserve" to die?-cannot be answered in the tives to deter. Human behavior is control­ were in their original form. Experience has affirmative . . .. The problem is that the in­ lable through negative and positive rein­ taught us that the constitutional goal of evitability of factual, legal and moral error forcement," said Bouza. eliminating arbitrariness and discrimination gives us a system that we know must One thing is certain, Bouza adds: "It deters from the administration of death ... can wrongly kill some defendants, a system that the executed." never be achieved without compromising an fails to deliver the fair, consistent and reli­ Though Lasee and Bouza reflect majority equally essential component of fundamental able sentences of death required by the Con­ opinion, they are in hostile territory. fairness: individualized sentencing. (See stitution .... Lasee failed last year to get a death pen­ Lockett vs. Ohio, 1978.) There is little doubt now that Furman's es­ alty proposal out of the Wisconsin Legisla- · It is tempting, when faced with conflicting sential holding was correct. Although most ture. This year, he narrowed the focus to constitutional commands, to sacrifice one of the public seems to desire, and the Con­ executing people who kill children in the for the other or to assume that an acceptable stitution appears to permit, the penalty of course of a sexual assault. balance between them already has been death, it surely is beyond dispute that if the Still, he is two votes short of winning Sen­ struck. In the context of the death penalty, death penalty cannot be administered con­ ate approval for his plan to send the issue to however, such jurisprudential maneuvers are sistently and rationally, it may not be ad­ the voters in November. wholly inappropriate. The death penalty ministered at all. . . . Bouza concedes that he would not aggres­ must be imposed "fairly, and with reason­ Delivering on the Furman promise, how­ sively seek re-enactment of the death pen­ able consistency, or not at all."(Eddings vs. ever, has proved to be another matter. alty from the Minnesota Legislature which Oklahoma, 1982) Furman aspired to eliminate the vestiges of last year easily shot down another death To be fair, a capital sentencing scheme racism and the effects of poverty in capital penalty proposal. must treat each person convicted of a capital sentencing; it deplored the "wanton" and offense with that "degree of respect due the "random" infliction of death by a govern­ NO SENTENCE OF DEATH MAY BE uniqueness of the individual. ... " That ment with constitutionally limited power. CONSTITUTIONALLY IMPOSED ... means affording the sentencer the power and Furman demanded that the sentencer's dis­ Following are excerpts from Justice Harry discretion to grant mercy in a particular cretion be directed and limited by procedural Blackmun's opinion dissenting from the Su­ case, and providing avenues for the consider­ rules and objective standards in order to preme Court's order denying review in a ation of any and all relevant mitigating evi­ minimize the risk of arbitrary and capricious Texas death penalty case. The order, Callins dence that would justify a sentence less than sentences of death. vs. Collins, No. 93-7054, was unsigned and was death. In the years following Furman, serious ef­ issued without an opinion. Reasonable consistency, on the other hand, forts were made to comply with its mandate. On Feb. 23, 1994, at approximately 1 a.m., requires that the death penalty be inflicted State legislatures and appellate courts Bruce Edwin Callins will be executed by the evenhandedly. in accordance with reason and struggled to provide judges and juries with State of Texas. Intravenous tubes attached objective standards, rather than by whim, sensible and objective guidelines for deter­ to his arms will carry the instrument of caprice or prejudice. mining who should live and who should die. death, a toxic fluid designed specifically for Finally, because human error is inevitable Some States attempted to define who is the purpose of killing human beings. The and because our criminal justice system is "deserving" of the death penalty through witnesses, standing a few feet away will be­ less than perfect, searching appellate review the use of carefully chosen adjectives, re­ hold Callins, no longer a defendant, an appel­ of death sentences and their underlying con­ serving the death penalty for those who com­ lant or a petitioner, but a man, strapped to victions is a prerequisite to a constitutional mit crimes that are "especially heinous, a gurney, and seconds away from extinction. death penalty scheme. atrocious or cruel," or "wantonly vile, hor­ Within days, or perhaps hours, the memory On their face, these goals of individual rible or inhuman." Other States enacted of Callins will begin to fade. The wheels of fairness, reasonable consistency and absence mandatory death penalty statutes, reading justice will churn again, and somewhere, an­ of error appear to be attainable: Courts are Furman as an invitation to eliminate other jury or another judge will have the in the very business of erecting procedural sentencer discretion altogether. unenviable task of determining whether devices from which fair, equitable and reli­ Unfortunately, all this experimentation some human being is to live or die. able outcomes are presumed to flow. Yet, in and ingenuity yielded little of what Furman We hope, of course, that the defendant the death penalty area, this Court, in my demanded. It soon became apparent that dis­ whose life is at risk will be represented by view, has engaged in a futile effort to bal­ cretion could not be eliminated from capital competent counsel, someone who is inspired ance these constitutional demands, and now sentencing without threatening the fun- March 10, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4623 damental fairness due a defendant when life REPORT ON U.S. ARMS SALES IN Countries (Part I) Accepted-FY 1993 is at stake. Just as contemporary society FISCAL YEAR 1993 Ecuador ...... 1,869 was no longer tolerant of the random or dis­ Ecuador-Intl NARC ...... 315 Egypt ...... 454,297 criminatory infliction of the penalty of HON. LEE H. HAMILTON El Salvador ...... 13,784 death . .. evolving standards of decency re­ OF INDIANA Estonia ...... 17 quired due consideration of the uniqueness of Finland ...... 63 each individual defendant when imposing so­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES France ...... 51,414 ciety's ultimate penalty. Thursday, March 10, 1994 Gabon ...... 147 This development in the American con­ Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to Germany ...... 203,298 Ghana ...... 195 science would have presented no constitu­ take the opportunity to bring to my colleagues' Greece ...... 1,692,276 tional dilemma if fairness to the individual attention a quarterly report pursuant to section Grenada ...... 436 could be achieved without sacrificing the 36(a) of the Arms Export Control Act that in­ Guinea ...... 412 consistency and rationality promised in cludes a complete tabulation of U.S. arms ex­ Honduras ...... 8,587 Furman. But over the past two decades, ef­ ports sold under foreign military sales [FMS] Hungary ...... 12,971 forts to balance these competing constitu­ agreements, foreign military construction, and India ...... 1 tional commands have been to no avail. Ex­ U.S. licenses/approvals for the export of com­ Indonesia ...... 30,613 Ireland ...... 48 perience has shown that the consistency and mercially sold defense articles and services. rationality promised in Furman are in- Israel ...... 162,326 These tables show that arms sales more Italy ...... 108,016 . versely related to the fairness owed the indi­ than doubled between fiscal year 1992 and Ivory Coast ...... 739 vidual when considering a sentence of death. fiscal year 1993. Jamaica ...... 3,115 A step toward consistency is a step away In fiscal year 1993, the United States set an Japan ...... 1,407,223 from fairness. . . . all-time record for Government-to-Government Jordan ...... 15,503 While one might hope that providing the arms sales. The United States sold $32.399 Korea (Seoul) ...... 244,097 sentencer with as much relevant mitigating Kuwait ...... 2,866,475 billion in defense articles and services, plus an Lebanon ...... 2,361 evidence as possible will lead to more ration­ additional $817.351 million in foreign military Luxembourg ...... 435 al and consistent sentences, experience has construction, and issued licenses/approvals of Madagascar ...... 295 taught otherwise. It seems that the decision $25.546 billion for the export of commercially Malawi ...... 603 whether a human being should live or die is sold defense articles and services. Malaysia ...... 822 so inherently subjective, rife with all of life's Licenses/approvals are permits for U.S. cor­ Mali ...... 97 understandings, experiences, prejudices and porations to compete for commercial foreign Malta ...... 82 passions, that it inevitably defies the ration­ military sales. In the past, the Department of Mexico ...... 6,369 Morocco ...... 11 ,170 ality and consistency required by the Con­ State has estimated that 40 to 60 percent of stitution .. . . Nacisa ...... 600 licenses/approvals result in actual sales. Namibia ...... 2,418 The consistency promised in Furman and In fiscal year 1992, the United States sold NAMMA ...... 60 the fairness to the individual demanded in $14.983 billion in defense articles and serv­ NAMSA- Fl04 ...... 1,047 Lockett are not only inversely related, but ices, plus an addition $187.965 million in for­ NAMSA-General + Nike ...... 14,793 irreconcilable in the context of capital pun­ eign military construction and issued licenses/ NAMSA-Hawk ...... 31 ishment. Any statute or procedure that approvals of $15.997 billion for the export of NAMSA-Weapons ...... 9,069 could effectively eliminate arbitrariness NAPMO ...... 79,990 commercially sold defense articles and serv­ NATO ...... 1,462 from the administration of death would also ices. In fiscal year 1991 the United States sold NATO AEW+C (O+S) ...... 48 ,880 restrict t he sentencer's discretion to such an $22.981 billion in defense articles and serv­ NATO SO REG SIG/COMM ...... 40 extent that the sentencer would be unable to ices, plus an additional $805.9 million in for­ Netherlands ...... 782,461 give full consideration to the unique charac­ eign military construction and issued licenses/ New Zealand ...... 9,339 teristics of each defendant and the cir­ approvals of $39.1 09 billion for the export of NHPLO ...... 160 cumstances of the offense. commercially sold defense articles and serv­ Niger ...... 1,974 Nigeria ...... 461 By the same token, any statute or proce­ ices. Norway ...... 443,817 dure that would provide the sentencer with Tables for fiscal year 1993 from the section Oas Hq ...... 100 sufficient discretion to consider fully and act 36(a) report follow: Oman ...... 6,328 upon the unique circumstances of each de­ Total value of D ef ense articles and services sold Org. of African Unity ...... 55 fendant would " thro(w) open the back door to each country/purchaser as of Sept. 30, 1993 Panama...... 73 to arbitrary and irrational sentencing." ... under foreign military sales (see part II for Paraguay ...... 9 Peru- Intl NARC ...... 799 In my view, the proper course when faced construction sales) [Dollars in thousands] Portugal ...... 15,340 with irreconcilable constitutional commands Qatar ...... 307 is not to ignore one or the other, nor to pre­ Countries (Part I) Accepted- FY 1993 Rep. of Philippines ...... 87,924 tend that the dilemma does not exist, but to Antigua and Barbuda ...... 754 Saudi Arabia ...... 11 ,752,250 Argentina ...... 18,000 admit the futility of the effort to harmonize Senegal ...... 6,986 Australia ...... 299,159 them. This means accepting the fact that the Austria ...... 9,619 Seychelles ...... 275 death penalty cannot be administered in ac­ Bahrain ...... 106,032 Shape ...... 4,774 cord with our Constitution ... . Barbados ...... 510 Sierra Leone ...... 669 Singapore ...... 405,405 Perhaps one day this Court will develop Belgium ...... 328,686 Belize ...... 271 Spain ...... 118,796 procedural rules or verbal formulas that ac­ St. Kitts and Nevis ...... 336 tually will provide consistency, fairness and . Bolivia-Intl NARC ...... 12,968 Botswana ...... 2,334 St. Lucia ...... 562 reliability in a capital-sentencing scheme. I Brazil ...... 26,195 St. Vincent+ Grenedines ...... 530 am not optimistic that such a day will come. Burundi...... 7 Sweden ...... 6,777 I am more optimistic, though, that this Cameroon ...... 23 Switzerland ...... 1,699,810 Court eventually will conclude that the ef­ Canada ...... 102,672 Taiwan ...... 6,275,524 fort to eliminate arbitrariness while preserv­ Chad...... 2,250 Thailand ...... 388,627 ing fairness " in the infliction of (death) is so Chile ...... 15,581 Togo ...... 206 Trinidad-Tobago ...... 52 plainly doomed to failure that it and the Colombia ...... 14,279 Colombia-Intl NARC ...... 30,136 Tunisia ...... 20 ,616 death penalty must be abandoned alto­ Covoros ...... 85 Tur k ey ...... 742 ,332 gether." (Godfrey vs. Georgia, 1980) ... I Costa Rica ...... 147 United Arab Emirates...... 76,324 may not live to see that day , but I have faith Denma rk ...... 336,134 Unit ed Kingdom ...... 134,906 that eventually it will arrive. The path the Djibouti ...... 651 Uruguay ...... 353 Cour t has chosen lessens us all. I dissent. Dominica ...... 312 Venezuela ...... 19,049 Dominican Republic ...... 1,841 Zimbabwe ...... 1,105 4624 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 10, 1994 Countries (Part I) Accepted- FY 1993 Part// Part// Classified totals 1 ...... • . . . . . •• . . . . •. 574,909 Cameroon ...... 777 Saudi Arabia ...... 779,952 Colombia ...... 2,913 Sierra Leone ...... 58 Subtotal ...... 32,398,642 Colombia-Intl NARC ...... 452 Egypt ...... 14,039 Subtotal ...... 817,351 Part// El Salvador ...... 971 Construction sales: Ghana ...... 437 Total ...... 33,215,993 Barbados ...... 243 Honduras ...... 4,423 Bolivia-Intl NARC ...... 5,822 Kuwait ...... 6,488 1 See the classified annex to the CPD. Burundi ...... 243 Niger ...... 534 NoTE.-Totals may not add due to rounding. LICENSES/APPROVALS FOR THE EXPORT OF COMMERCIALLY SOLD DEFENSE ARTICLES/SERVICES AS OF SEPT. 30, 1993 [Dollars in thousands)

October-December January-March April-June July-September Cumulative

Afghanistan ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Albania ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Algeria ...... 17 2,200 834 3,609 6.660 Andorra ...... 188 12 8 6 214 Angola ...... 0 0 0 339 339 Anguilla ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Antigua ...... 0 0 0 I I Argentina ...... 12,079 7,693 10,839 5,986 36,597 Armenia ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Australia ...... 93,191 135,225 137,437 100,247 466,100 Austria ...... 7,259 1,347 7,387 3,457 19,450 Azerbaijan ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Bahamas, The ...... 23 6,532 13 II 6,579 Bahrain ...... 1,573 46,947 1,020 1,924 51 ,464 Bangladesh ...... 636 21 83 568 1,308 Barbados ...... 11 21 56 22 llO Belarus ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Belgium ...... 23,090 101 ,188 169,185 80,008 373,471 Belize ...... 16 23 3 21 . 63 Benn ...... 34 6 ll 0 51 Bermuda ...... 29 2 3 103 137 Bhutan ...... 38 0 0 0 38 Bolivia ...... 494 1,407 1,072 1,131 4,104 Bosnia-Herzegovina ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Botswana ...... 1 5 987 608 1.599 Brazil ...... ll,619 52,685 3,798 3,812 71,914 British Virgin Island ...... 0 0 0 1 1 Brunei ...... 558 1,013 7,070 4,405 13,046 Bulgaria ...... 3 0 0 I 4 Burkina Faso ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Burma ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Burundi ...... 0 0 43 I 44 Cambodia ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Cameroon ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Canada ...... 18,195 1,522 1,013 11,407 32,137 Cape Verde, Republic ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Cayman Islands ...... 17 I I 4 23 Central African Republic 0 0 0 0 0 Chad ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Chile . 3,874 563 25,541 22,449 52,427 China ... 15 7,692 0 1,055 8,762 Colombia 1,783 990 15,328 1,175 19,276 Comoros ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Congo ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Costa Rica ...... 153 108 180 156 597 Cote D'Ivoire ... . 2 0 I 2 5 Croatia ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Cuba ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Cyprus ...... 304 156 2 9 471 Czech Republic ...... 0 56 2,493 3,063 5,612 Czech Republic and Slovakia ...... 107 0 0 131 238 Denmark ...... 7,945 41,353 45,365 19,644 114,307 0 0 0 0 0 ~~~~~l~a ··:::::::: : :::::::::::::::: :: :::::: : :::: :: :::· ·· · ··· ··· .. ············ · ...... ················· ········· 6 0 59 12 77 Dominican Republic ...... 1.312 970 843 683 3,808 Ecuador .... 555 4,602 733 1,985 7,875 Egypt ...... 13,798 232 ,508 1,439,678 65,448 1,751,432 El Salvador ...... 3 312 247 593 1,155 Equatorial Guinea 0 0 0 0 0 Eritrea ...... 0 0 27 0 27 Estonia ...... 0 0 7 0 7 Ethiopia ...... 386 0 44 177 607 Fiji ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Finland ...... 4,691 1,661 6,100 2,921 15,373 France ...... 29,175 101 ,642 66,080 57 ,471 254,368 French Guiana ...... 0 499,300 233 23,493 523,026 Gabon ...... 2 103 53 305 463 Gambia , The ...... 0 0 0 1 I Georgia ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Germany ...... 546,602 230,020 278,369 388,343 1,443,334 Ghana .. 27 60 27 30 144 Greece ...... 78,601 130,811 201,977 92,663 504,052 Greenland ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Grenada ...... 0 0 12 13 25 Guadeloupe ...... 0 '() 0 2 2 Guatemala ...... 490 599 2,230 3,965 7,284 Guinea ...... 0 44 I 6 51 Guinea-Bissau ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Guyana ...... 354 2 32 28 416 Haiti . 0 0 0 0 0 Honduras ...... 3,153 380 172 1,810 5,515 Hong Kong ...... 28,358 29,298 166,884 12,715 237 ,255 Hungary ...... 102 223 412 12 749 Iceland ...... 5 19 26 2 52 India ...... 11,185 4,527 4,667 18,679 39,058 Indonesia ...... 4,894 413 ,388 21,927 31,563 471 ,772 Iran ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Iraq ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Ireland ...... 601 32 1,161 220 2,014 Israel ...... 344,913 417 ,033 316,949 143,229 1,222,124 Italy ...... 27,078 65,898 416,046 63 ,251 572,273 Jamaica ...... 1,077 12 421 337 1,847 March 10, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4625 LICENSES/APPROVALS FOR THE EXPORT OF COMMERCIALLY SOLD DEFENSE ARTICLES/SERVICES AS OF SEPT. 30, 1993-Continued [Dollars in thousands)

October-December January-March April-June July-September Cumulative

Japan 536,739 1,003 ,937 704,214 1,542,379 3,787,269 Jordan ...... 1,939 3,784 20,999 4,477 31 ,199 Kazakhstan ...... 0 0 9 0 9 Kenya ...... 1.700 20,902 39 21 22,662 Kiribati ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Korea , Republic of ...... 120,953 871,415 179,356 912,691 2,084,415 Kuwait ...... 405,019 4,795 32,587 43,251 485,652 Kyrgyzstan ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Laos ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Latvia ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Lebanon ...... 218 1,416 598 878 3,110 Lesotho ...... 0 0 1 500 501 Liberia ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Libya ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Liechtenstein ...... 2 11 0 0 13 Lithuania ...... 2,224 18 0 76 2,318 Luxembourg ...... 1,199 7,530 97,531 2,351 108,611 Macau ...... 123 30 375 265 793 Macedonia ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Madagascar ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Malawi ...... 62 0 0 0 62 Malaysia ...... 72,994 5,024 86,278 22,480 186,776 Maldives ...... 0 0 173 0 173 Mali ...... 1 0 22 35 58 Malta ...... 2 70 0 0 72 Marshall Islands ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Mauritania ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Mauritius ...... 0 0 186 21 207 Mexico ...... 47,196 83,677 75,998 44,013 250 ,884 Micronesia ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Moldova ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Monaco ...... 97 5 0 7 109 Mongolia ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Morocco ...... 5,807 2,302 3,601 617 12,327 Mozambique ...... 0 0 19 0 19 Namibia ...... 1,477 524 87 239 2,327 Nauru ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Nepal ...... 0 0 0 78 78 Netherlands ...... 137,406 75,791 99,812 506,446 819,455 Netherlands Antilles ...... 9 322 133 105 569 New Caledonia ...... 9 32 39 84 164 New Zealand ...... 35,295 13,895 18,304 47,846 115,340 Nicaragua ...... 273 0 32 1 306 Niger ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Nigeria ...... 840 6,220 12,443 430 19,933 Norway ...... 51,785 70,750 75,381 13 ,975 211,891 Oman ...... 480 965 8,657 1,922 12,024 Pakistan 11 ,660 31 ,089 40,664 15,251 98,664 Panama ...... 3,027 27 ,583 675 1,255 32 ,540 Papua New Guinea 293 58 807 6 1,164 Paraguay ...... 1,962 4,051 876 3,769 10,658 Peru ...... 439 20 26 0 485 Phill ipines 6,043 2,310 14,758 66,451 89,562 Poland . 1 170 385 16,552 17,108 Portugal ...... 6,352 44,861 36,358 17,886 105,457 Qatar ...... 550 19,761 1,527 1,571 23,409 Reunion ...... 0 0 5 0 5 Romania ...... 0 0 0 3 3 Russia ...... 52 125 291 235 703 Rwanda ...... 0 0 0 0 0 San Marino ...... 0 46 0 0 46 Sao Tome and Principe ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Saudi Arabia ...... 66 ,960 55,807 223,813 335,253 681,833 Senegal ...... 0 0 18 0 18 Serbia and Montenegro 0 0 0 0 0 Seychelles ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Sierra Leone ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Singapore ...... 57,702 83,320 110,656 157,320 408,998 Slovakia ...... 0 0 22 1 23 Slovenia ...... 0 59 0 2 61 Solomon Islands 0 0 0 0 0 Somalia ...... 0 0 0 0 0 South Africa ...... 341 185 283 36 845 Spain 70,292 52 ,390 98,335 65,772 286,789 Sri Lanka 0 222 15,063 273 15,558 St. Helena ...... 0 0 0 0 0 St. Kitts and Nevis ...... 0 0 12 0 12 St. Lucia ...... 0 0 0 12 12 St. Vincent ...... 156 0 0 0 156 Sudan · ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Surname ...... 0 0 15 41 56 Swaziland .. ···············-····· .. ········· ······· 0 2 0 0 2 Sweden ...... 8,883 66 ,119 361 ,353 176,559 612,914 Switzerland 94,125 23,811 85,755 123,134 326,825 Syria ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Taiwan ...... 62,544 60,401 12,195 210,886 346,026 Tajikstan ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Tanzania ... . 1 2 9 6 18 Thailand ...... 33,055 24,298 83,834 63,858 205,045 Togo ...... 20 0 0 0 20 Tonga ..... 0 0 0 8 8 Trinid.ad and Tobago . 4 51 57 80 192 Tun1s1a ...... 107 1,880 1,061 2,207 5,255 Turkey ...... 1,205,431 445,027 233,103 180,749 2,064,310 Turkmeninstan ... . 0 0 0 0 0 Turks and Caicos 1 0 0 2 3 Tuvalu .... . 0 0 0 0 0 Uganda ...... 44 0 0 0 44 Ukraine ...... 0 0 0 2 2 United Arab Emirates 67 ,014 6,356 24,980 66,838 165,188 United Kingdom .. . 404,100 400,053 334,509 285,823 1,424,485 United Nations ... . 0 0 127 24 151 U.S.A ...... 0 0 61 603 664 Uruguay ...... 1,211 450 1,095 447 3,203 Uzbekistan 0 0 0 0 0 Vanuatu 0 0 0 0 0 4626 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 10, 1994 LICENSES/APPROVALS FOR THE EXPORT OF COMMERCIALLY SOLD DEFENSE ARTICLES/SERVICES AS OF SEPT. 30, 1993-Continued [Dollars in thousands]

October-December January-March April-June July-September Cumulative Various Countries 16,847 17 ,181 52,895 384 ,071 470,994 Vatican City ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Venezuela ...... 323 ,563 76,672 4,114 6,038 410,387 Vietnam ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Western Sahara ...... 20 0 0 0 20 Western Samoa ...... 0 0 0 6 6 Yemen ...... 0 3,724 1,677 0 5,401 Yugoslavia ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Zaire ...... 0 0 0 0 0 Zambia ...... 428 21 15 1 465 Zimbabwe ...... 22 25 141 23 211 Classified total t ...... 213 ,890 561 ,402 436,172 1,005 ,685 2,217.149

Worldwide total 5,361 ,611 6,725,159 6,949,806 7,509,238 26.545,814

t See classified annex to CPO. Note: Details may not add due to rounding. Source: This information was prepared and submitted by the Office of Defense Trade Controls. State Department.

INTRODUCTION OF RIO PUERCO efforts; and third, authorizing a lower Rio scent. Their contributions to America in terms WATERSHED ACT OF 1994 Grande habitat study to include the habitat of of the arts, culture, politics, law enforcement, the Rio Grande from Caballo Lake to the Gulf and sports are well known. HON. Biil RICHARDSON of Mexico. The history of our country is interwoven with OF NEW MEXICO Mr. Speaker, the continued health of our en­ the biographies of Irish men and women who vironment is too important to ignore. The intro­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have helped to provide leadership to our Na­ duction of this legislation today signals Con­ tion. Thursday, March 10, 1994 gress' willingness to address natural resources At one point in time, the President, the Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise to protection issues head on. But it will not be Speaker of the House, and the majority leader introduce the Rio Puerco Watershed Act of until legislation such as the Rio Puerco Water­ of the other body were all Irish-Americans. 1994. This legislation, which is being intro­ shed Act and other legislative attempts to pro­ Because of this special relationship with Ire­ duced today in the Senate by JEFF BINGAMAN, tect our environment are signed into law that land, the United States must play a role in the will improve water quality within the Rio we can truly claim to be protectors of the envi­ ongoing and hopeful peace process now in Puerco watershed and help restore the eco­ ronment. I call on my colleagues in the House progress. Appointment of a special U.S. rep­ logical health of the Rio Grande. to join me in this effort and support the re­ resentative who would focus on peace efforts Extensive ecological changes have occurred sponsible, effective protection of our precious would be a highly important and visible symbol in the Rio Puerco watershed including erosion natural resources by supporting the Rio that the United States is truly committed to of agricultural and range lands and loss of bio­ Puerco Watershed Act of 1994. helping all the parties to the conflict achieve a logical diversity and available surface water. just and lasting settlement. This damage has seriously affected the eco­ Those of us in this Congress who seek nomic and cultural well-being of the area. The SAINT PATRICK'S DAY 1994 peace in Ireland must ensure that President threat to the Rio Puerco watershed below the Clinton lives up to his campaign promise to junction of the Rio Puerco with the Rio Grande HON. BENJAMIN A. GIIMAN appoint a special envoy to Ireland, as well as is especially severe. Not only has the water OF NEW YORK his other campaign promises regarding North­ quality been decreased, but the excessive IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ern Ireland. sedimentation threatens the water storage ca­ Thursday, March 10, 1994 President Clinton wrote me on May 7, 1993, pacity and life expectancy of the Elephant Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, today I am on the issue of peace in Northern Ireland. He Butte Dam and Reservoir system. pleased to rise to call my colleagues' attention recounted his high level talks with British The stress to the Rio Puerco watershed to the fact that Saint Patrick's Day is once Prime Minister John Major and with Irish from the loss of native vegetation, introduction again upon us. Around the world the Irish and Prime Minister Albert Reynolds on this subject. of exotic species and alteration of riparian those who are Irish at heart, celebrate this He said that those "* * * discussions were the habitat is complicated by the interlocking land great feast-a feast that is a national holiday first of many we will have with the British and ownership of the area which includes private, of the Republic of Ireland. It is a reason for Irish Governments in exploring ways to bring Federal, tribal trust and State ownership. To joyous celebration around the globe by not an end to the troubles." He went on to say, address the many conflicting issues affecting only the Irish people, but so many others who "* * * if there is some way that the United protection of the area, my bill establishes a share the joy and spirit of Ireland's great pa­ States could make a constructive contribution Rio Puerco Management Committee. This tron saint. to a political settlement, we would do so." committee will include representatives from It is more than 1,500 years since Saint Pat­ The President's offer of action in support of the Rio Puerco Watershed Committee, af­ rick converted the beautiful Emerald Isle. He the peace talks hopefully will not be nec­ fected tribes and pueblos, the U.S. Forest has long served as a symbol of hope for the essary, if the parties proceed on their own to Service, the Bureau of Reclamation, the U.S. Irish people, even in the darkest days and a fair, just, and humanitarian solution to the Geological Survey, the Bureau of Indian Af­ hours, over these many centuries. The deep problems in Northern Ireland. If, however, the fairs, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the religious faith and devotion he instilled in the talks falter for whatever reason, those of us Army Corps of Engineers, the Soil and Con­ Irish people continues to this day. concerned with seeing a just and fair peace in servation Service, the State of New Mexico, This year that abiding faith and hope that Northern Ireland, will not hesitate to call upon as well as private landowners. Saint Patrick instilled in the Irish people will be the President's leadership to help move the In addition to authorizing the creation of a tested once again, as the historic peace talks peace talks and process along. Mr. Clinton management committee, the Rio Puerco Wa­ proceed towards a hoped for fair, and just set­ pledged to do so during the last Presidential tershed Act of 1994 provides for the long-term tlement to the troublesome situation in North­ campaign, and his May 7, 1993, letter to me protection of the river by-first; requiring the ern Ireland. Courageously, the Prime Ministers reiterated that commitment. Secretary of Interior to prepare a plan for res­ of Great Britain and the Republic of Ireland The United States must play its rightful role toration of the watershed within 2 years of en­ started talks last year, that many in Europe, in bringing about peace in the North of Ireland. actment; second, requiring the Secretary of In­ here in the United States, and around the This role is especially timely now as we ap­ terior to report to Congress 2 years after the globe, hope will finally bring peace to that proach Saint Patrick's Day 1994 here in Amer­ date of enactment and biennially thereafter on troubled part of Ireland. ica, and around the globe. the accomplishments of the management pro­ The United States owes a particular debt of Let us all take advantage of this Saint Pat­ gram and proposals for joint implementation gratitude to Americans of Irish birth and de- rick's Day to reflect on, and support the move- March 10, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4627 ment toward a just and lasting peace in Ire­ the United States and thus resulted in thou­ One's ineffable joy of pregnancy is another's land today. May this St. Patrick's Day 1994, sands of Americans surviving accidents and anathema. be the last great day of celebration of his medical emergencies. The impact of his con­ While one woman prays to become a mother, tribution can be felt nationwide. another sloughs off feast, at a time when peace does not reign The skin of motherhood. over the Emerald Isle. Mr. Chais' dedication to his community and Life is not a choice. Mr. Speaker, I request that President Clin­ to the citizens in it was exemplary and de­ Life is a privilege given us, not by our par­ ton's letter of May 7, 1993, on Northern Ire­ serves recognition and praise. He will be re­ ents, but by God. land be inserted at this point in the RECORD: membered with admiration and fondness. Our existence is in the hands of God, and it THE WHITE HOUSE , Most importantly, his contributions to his com­ is Washington, DC, May 7, 1993. munity will live on and bring pride to his loved By His decree that we are created or de­ Hon. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN, ones. stroyed. House of Representatives, A charlatan false god holding silver instru­ Washington, DC. ments by the eerie DEAR REPRESENTATIVE GILMAN: Thank you RUTH V.K. PAKALUK HIGH SCHOOL Yellow luminescence, has no right to defame for the letter which you and your House col­ ESSAY CONTEST a creation of God's. leagues sent me on Northern Ireland. I had When God made us human at that concep­ the opportunity to discuss Northern Ireland tual moment, with British Prime Minister John Major and HON. HENRY J. HYDE He gave us the right to live, and entrusted us with Irish Prime Minister Albert Reynolds. OF ILLINOIS to respect In my meetings with each of them, I told IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Human existence. In this endeavor, we have them that Northern Ireland will be part of Thursday, March 10, 1994 sorely failed. our agenda with both countries, and I urged All that is left is to lament those we've lost, them to redouble their efforts to reconvene Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to And pray for a safe arrival of those to come. the talks on Northern Ireland which were provide my colleagues with the three winning suspended last year. essays in the recent Ruth V.K. Pakaluk High [Second Place] My discussions were the first of many we School essay contest conducted by the Mas­ ADOPTION Is THE LOVING CHOICE will have with the British and Irish govern­ sachusetts Citizens for Life. The quality and (By Oskar Hallig) ments in exploring ways we could help to depth of thought reflected in this year's win­ Now, in my Senior year of high school, bring an end to the troubles. As for specific often think of the blessings of life I have ex­ initiatives, let me reiterate what I told both ning essays are a source of encouragement to the entire pro-life movement. perienced that abortion could and would leaders: if there is some way that the United have taken away. Eighteen years ago, last States could make a constructive contribu­ The winning essays follow: [First Place] August, I was adopted by two very loving tion to a political settlement, we would do people who have done everything in their so. Ultimately, however, it will be up to the THE FIRST HUMAN RIGHT-THE RIGHT TO LIFE power to make my life as rich and fulfilling parties themselves to end the tragedy in (By Theresa Foster) as possible. I am eternally grateful to my bi­ Northern Ireland. Mother feels the stirring inside, ological mother for granting me the right to I appreciate your interest and advice on An esoteric, lyrical language of motions. experience all the wonderful blessings that this and hope you will continue to give me She is but a novice at this game of sorts, and God's world has to offer. the benefit of your suggestions in the days to Can't read every signal, yet somehow she un- Adoption does work, it is a way for those come. derstands. who want children and can't have them to Sincerely, When the Inward Entity relays its insatiable become parents and also for the innocent BILL CLINTON. demands, children to live. Most of these people would She, The Outward Matrix, extends her lar­ be great parents because they actually want gess. the children and are willing to put the time TRIBUTE TO MR. ROBERT CHAIS, How enchanting a love affair of soul and into giving them a good life. As we cannot FOUNDER OF THE BERGEN spirit, where deny the right to be a parent, we certainly COUNTY EMERGENCY MEDICAL Words are exchanged only through songs of can't deny the right for the child to live. SERVlCES TRAINING CENTER the body. Since there are so many willing adults to Every day, everywhere, Mothers are denied adopt out in the world, how can we condemn such delight. the unborn to death? All of the unborn are HON. ROBERT MENENDFZ God's children and we can't willingly murder OF NEW JERSEY Rampant are beliefs in the inordinate mendacities of them just because their biological parents do IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES They who espouse perverse standards of not want them. Thursday, March 10, 1994 choice; To think if I had not been adopted I would They who give credence to "inconvenient just be another figure, a dead child. I would Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, I would like pregnancy" and never have been given the chance to know to take this opportunity to pay tribute to the Prioritize convenience over responsibility; what this wonderful world had to offer. I late Robert Chais, founder of the Bergen They who may legally suction and cut, and would never have been able to play ball or County Emergency Medical Services [EMS] injure and murder; run around and have fun with my friends. My Training Center in Paramus. Mr. Chais passed They who counsel strategic warfare on one's biological mother knew that she was not ready to have me so she gave me to those away on January 26, ·1994, at the age of 54. body and spirit, And claim ignorance to the consequences. that were. Rather than ending my life be­ Mr. Chais died doing exactly what he was cause I came at an inopportune moment, she known for: helping people. Over the years, Mr. What illusion and trickery is used to con­ form to standings of decided to let me live and enjoy what she Chais has shown a strong dedication to his Misanthropy? had been able to experience. How can this profession. He volunteered his time several right be denied to all of the poor children It is the utter dearth of the quality of human nights a week for the last 15 years, to run the that are brutally murdered by abortion each sanctity. and every day? Are these children not also EMS Center. For all his efforts, he neither The ruling of Roe had burned Respect in ef­ sought nor received any pay. In fact, at the good enough to have a chance at life? How figy. can we say that because one woman does not time of his death, he was teaching a class at The conflagration has consumed millions want a particular child all women do not? the very center which he founded. upon There is a mother out there for every child Thousands of New Jersey volunteer ambu­ Millions of lives, and has engulfed a people and there is no excuse for this massacre of lance, rescue, and firefighting personnel have in suffering. innocent children. been trained at this center under the direction We 've lost so many seeds that would have In conclusion, adoption is the loving alter­ of Mr. Chais. Those brave volunteers have ramified root native to abortion. The mere chance at life is Systems of law, burgeoned skyward into better than death. Nothing can be more lov­ gone on to save countless thousands of peo­ stems of science, and ple throughout New Jersey. Mr. Chais was re­ ing than the chance to experience God's cre­ Blossomed beautifully as petals of literature. ation. We must make adoption a more viable sponsible for assembling those dedicated vol­ The societal casualty on this battlefield is alternative because all children have a place unteers and training them to save lives. great; there is no in the world and we need to stop killing Mr. Chais set the standards which have in­ Longer a common perception of what is sac­ them and taking their God given rights fluenced similar training centers throughout rosanct. away. 4628 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 10, 1994 [Third Place] do to advance the cause of women's human Over 5,000 children, over 14,000 young peo­ THE FIRST HUMAN RIGHT-THE RIGHT TO LIFE rights: Melinda Kimble, Deputy Assistant Sec­ ple ages 13-24, and approximately 40 ,700 (By Gwendolyn MacKay) retary for Global Issues in the Bureau for adult women have been diagnosed with AIDS. On October sixteenth Isabella is conceived. International Organizations at the Department Unfortunately, the need for effective HIV Every day she changes and grows as she is of State; Dorothy Q. Thomas director of the care is even greater than these statistics might nourished by the food her mother, Nina, Women's Rights Project for Human Rights suggest. Since AIDS-defining symptoms ap­ sends through the umbilical cord. Her micro­ Watch' and Kathryn Cameron Porter, director pear an average of ten years after infection scopic body is developing more rapidly now of Gender and Social Policy at Conservation with HIV, AIDS statistics allow us to estimate than it ever will again. Isabella is growing International. the needs of people who are at just one end limbs, hands and feet. By November six­ I would also like to acknowledge the assist­ of the continuum of those living with HIV dis­ teenth Isabella's heart is beginning to beat. ease. A month later she is an inch and a half long ance provided by Mrs. Flavia Biancheri, who is and all her organs are in place. As of Feb­ the wife of the Italian Ambassador. Mrs. Approximately 15,000 to 20,000 children, an ruary sixteenth Isa can move her lips, turn Biancheri facilitated the delivery of Mimosas, a unknown number of adolescents 110,000 her head, grasp her hands and frown. Isa is flower which is grown on trees in Italy, to our women, and over 1 million men are estimated kicking her feet now. She opens her eyes on briefing. Traditionally, women in Italy have to be HIV-infected but are not yet diagnosed May sixteenth. ·worn mimosas on International Women's Day. with AIDS. Using 1989 sero-survey data for Nina is driving to Tedeschi's for milk and We are deeply grateful to Mrs. Biancheri for childbearing women, the CDC estimates that pickles. She beeped at the driver ahead of helping to share this tradition with us. 6,000 HIV infected women will give birth to her. When Isa heard the horn she jumped and children each year; approximately 1 ,500 to her heartbeat quickened. Then her leg grazed During this past year, the issue of human rights for women has achieved greater rec­ 2,000 of whom will also be HIV-infected. her little body and, not knowing what it was, Today over 19 percent of the reported Al DS she was startled and her body jerked. Every ognition. Following the successful lobbying ef­ time Nina speaks to Isa, Isa does somer­ forts of women's groups at the World Con­ cases in the United States are among young adults in the 20 to 29 age range, suggesting saults. ference on Human Rights held in June of last that a majority were infected with HIV during The American Heritage Dictionary defines year, the human rights agenda of the inter­ their adolescent years. life as the quality manifested in functions national community now prominently features such as metabolism, growth, response to HIV disproportionately affects low-income stimulation and reproduction by which liv­ the rights of women. Hopefully, women will African-Americans and Latinos. Fifty-four per­ ing organisms are distinguished from dead achieve even greater recognition of their rights cent of the reported children with AIDS are Af­ organisms or inanimate matter. Isabella at the upcoming International Conference on rican-American, although only 14 percent of began metabolic activity, growth and re­ Women which will be held in Beijing next year. the nation's children are African-American. In sponses to stimulation on October sixteenth. Despite the advancement made by women addition, 24 percent of the children with AIDS Isabella is alive. She was given her own indi­ in breaking down barriers at the international are Latino, although only 11 percent of the vidual life on October sixteenth. As a living level, many societies continue to regard human being Isabella deserves to be pro­ United States are Latino. women as inferior and unworthy of equal sta­ My congressional district ·of the South tected by the Constitution. The first human tus with men. Often, these long-ingrained soci­ right is the right to life. This right includes Bronx, has the highest rate of sero-prevalence unborn babies. There is no magic moment etal attitudes lead governments to conclude among newborns in the entire country. Twen­ after conception and during pregnancy that that violence acts committed against women, ty-four percent of all pediatric AIDS cases in gives babies sudden life like Pinnochio. The such as rape, dowry killings and other forms the United States are reported in New York only magic moment is conception. of assault, are not human right abuses. Clear­ City; and 30 percent of these are in my dis­ Many people have fought for certain ly, we must work to eradicate the myth that trict. The health experts in New York City esti­ rights. Women demanded Women's rights, human rights abuses committed against mate that 110 HIV-infected children are born Blacks demanded Blacks' rights . . . Who women are marginal or are matters of privacy will fight for the rights of unborn babies? We in the Bronx each year. cannot hear them fighting for rights but at home. If the incidence of AIDS continues to in­ they are equal people deserving equal rights. The Congressional Human Rights Caucus, crease, within the next 10 years AIDS may be­ We have to demand their right to life. Maybe which I cochair along with my colleague, TOM come the fifth leading cause of death among in return someday they will fight for us for LANTOS, will continue to focus on the human children of all ages in the United States. a better world. rights issues facing women in developed and Equaliy dire are the projections of the num­ developing countries alike. We hope that on ber of children that will be 0rphaned as a re­ every International Women's Day in the future, sult of the HIV-AIDS epidemic-24,600 under INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY we can celebrate the achievements of women age 13, and 21,000 between the ages of 13 in securing full recognition of their rights. and 17 by 1995. With the current trends, the HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER total number of children orphaned by AIDS is OF ILLINOIS estimated to reach over 85,000 by the year INTRODUCTION OF A HOUSE RESO­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 2000. LUTION TO NAME THE WEEK OF If my colleagues have not heard much Thursday, March JO, 1994 MAY 29 THROUGH JUNE 4, 1994, about these powder kegs, it's because these Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, every year, on AS "PEDIATRIC AND ADOLES­ children and families have no lobbying ma­ March 8, women in countries on all continents CENT AIDS AWARENESS WEEK'' chines to advocate for their needs here in commemorate International Women's Day. Congress. They deserve your commitment The observance of this occasion began in the HON. JOSE E. SERRANO and compassion, as do the million and more early part of this century as a way to honor OF NEW YORK others in this country living with HIV-AIDS. women and their struggle for equality and vot­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Speaker, I am particularly concerned ing rights. Over the years, International Wom­ with providing access to care for these vulner­ en's Day has been recognized by the United Thursday, March 10, 1994 able populations. Last year, I led an effort to Nations as a day during which to celebrate the Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to consolidate funding for pediatric, adolescent, unique contribution which women make to the ask my colleagues to lend their unwavering and women HIV services in title IV of the betterment of humankind. support to the tens of thousands of children, CARE Act. This important program takes care On March 8th of this year, the Congres­ adolescents, and women infected with and af­ of the majority of identified children and ado­ sional Human Rights Caucus, the Congres­ fected by HIV infection and AIDs in the United lescents with HIV infection. sional Caucus on Women's Issues and the States. In 1990 I introduced the first resolution call­ Senate Foreign Relations Committee, in co­ Please join me in calling upon the President ing upon Congress to recognize and respond operation with the United Nations Information to proclaim the week of May 29, through June to pediatric AIDS, it became Public Law 102- Centre, sponsored a briefing to focus on the 4, 1994, as "Pediatric and Adolescent AIDS 57. This disease makes no distinctions be­ status of human rights for women. We had Awareness Week". tween race, gender, age, nor ideology. In the three excellent speakers at this briefing whom The HIV epidemic is spreading rapidly other body, Senator ARLEN SPECTER has I would like to acknowledge for the work they among women, children, and adolescents. agreed to sponsor a matching resolution. March 10, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4629 I urge my colleagues on both sides of the speech at Kean College in Union, NJ. Less sung Heroine Award winners, as well as a aisle to support this resolution, because we than a week later, Mr. Muhammad addressed brief description of their contributions to our must fight this disease from all angles. students at Trenton State College in my dis­ community: trict in New Jersey. UNSUNG HEROINES AWARDS 1994 I want to share with my colleagues the Bonnie Dubbin Askowitz-is a long time TO REAUTHORIZE THE OCEAN AND statement I made to more than 500 people at­ political activist especially in the field of COASTAL PROGRAMS OF THE tending an interfaith Vigil of Conscience I women's rights. NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOS­ helped to protest Mr. Muhammad's appear­ Ernestine Smith Davis-has provided pub­ PHERIC ADMINISTRATION ance on February 28. lic assistance and emergency housing to in­ The vicious words of Khalid Abdul Muham­ dividuals and families. Counselled aduit and mad and his leader Louis Farrakhan, are a youth both individually and in groups of HON. SOLOMON P. ORTIZ post-traumatic stress syndrome following OF TEXAS pointed reminder that the United States is not immune from the epidemic of ethnic and Hurricane Andrew. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES religious hatred and violence that infects so Thelma Gibson-is active in " A Woman's Thursday, March 10, 1994 much of the world. Place" providing shelter for homeless As Franklin D. Roosevelt said: "We are a women. Champion provider of services for Mr. ORTIZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in­ nation of many nationalities, many races, children, youth, adults and the elderly troduce legislation to reauthorize the ocean many religions-bound together by a single through the Theodore Gibson Memorial and coastal programs of the National Oceanic unity, the unity of freedom and equality. Fund. and Atmospheric Administration. Whoever seeks to set one nationality against Lille Mae Henderson-works long and hard The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad­ another seeks to degrade all nationalities. to provide necessities for the homeless, cou­ Whoever seeks to set one race against an­ rageously determined to lift them from de­ ministration [NOAA], within the Department of spair. Commerce, is the primary steward of the Na­ other seeks to enslave all races. Whoever seeks to set one religion against another, Cheryl A. E. Little-is a leading human tion's ocean and coastal areas. NOAA has re­ seeks to destroy all religion." rights activist who has provided free legal sponsibility for a broad scope of marine and It is an unspeakable sacrilege that these assistance to Haitian refugees. coastal programs which protect marine re­ men who claim to be ministers of God preach Haydee Marin-an attorney who has un­ sources, enhance navigation and shipping, hatred and violence in his name. We have or­ selfishly dedicated her life to advocate for and provide an understanding of the ocean ganized this vigil to reaffirm that Americans those who suffer violations of their civil and environment. NOAA draws general authority of all religions and all races are united in the human rights. Lucille M. Pereira has been totally com­ for its programs through a variety of public belief that our God demands love, not hate. He demands unity, not discord. He demands mitted to the advancement of girls and laws dating back to the last century. The first truth, not slander. women both at the educational and employ­ comprehensive authorization for NOAA was There is a risk that by forcefully respond­ ment level. Extensive work on gender equity. passed in the 102d Congress, authorizing ap­ ing to bigots we give them a prominence Bonnie Rippingille-an attorney active in propriations for fiscal years 1992 and 1993. they don't deserve. But the greater risk is to Women's Park Committee. Has worked hard The legislation I introduce today authorizes remain silent in the face of malicious false­ with disadvantaged juvenile offenders. De­ NOAA's ocean and coastal programs through hood, implying that what they say isn't im­ fended the cause of women's rights. the end of fiscal year 1995. portant or that it is somehow acceptable. Kathleen Ruggiero-works in law enforce­ We are here to reaffirm that there is no ment and is also a nurse. Extensive work Mr. Speaker, the structure of this bill rep­ place in America for vicious bigotry and eth­ with battered women and prostitutes suc­ resents an attempt to more closely match nic hatred and that we will not realize our ceeding in turning them back into produc­ NOAA's authorizations to the appropriation ideals by trying to outshout each other, by tive and self-sufficient individuals. process. Authorizations are provided at the ac­ demonizing each other or by killing each Sharon Sbrissa-as a teacher has advo­ tivity level at which NOAA's programs are ap­ other. cated for disadvantaged children and their propriated and policy decisions are made. The We must instead seize this opportunity as families for 24 years. Has also broadened the bill makes these authorizations only through members of a remarkably diverse coalition opportunities for children with learning dis­ that has joined together this evening on ac­ the end of fiscal year 1995. The intention is for abilities. count of hate to make a permanent commit­ Lydia M. Sosa- a teacher who has im­ this to become a yearly authorization, keeping ment to the hard work of reconciliation and pacted the community with her work in edu­ pace with changes in administration priorities cooperation. That is the only way we can cation. and more closely matching the activities of the achieve the timeless hope of all our tradi­ Elba M. Stephens- has addressed the prob­ Committee on Appropriations. tions-shalom, salaam, peace. lem of autistic children. Her impact is re­ The authorization levels provided by this flected in her fight to improve the quality of legislation give priority to programs which are life through education. U.S. REPRESENTATIVE CARRIE congressionally mandated, while maintaining Milagros Torres-has dedicated her time to MEEK HONORS MIAMI'S UNSUNG work with the youth at Aspira. the total authorization level near the Presi­ HEROINES Judith Turner- Girl Scout Leader who ar­ dent's request for fiscal year 1995. To accom­ ranged for girls in hurricane affected areas plish this, offsets in the form of cuts to admin­ to attend local encampment, and aided their istrative costs and low-priority programs were HON. CARRIE P. MEEK families during their time of great need. made. OF FLORIDA Mr. Speaker, this is valuable, fiscally re- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES . sponsible legislation which I feel reflects con­ Thursday, March 10, 1994 TRIBUTE TO 'THE CITY OF PALO gressional priorities. I urge you and the other Mrs. MEEK. Mr. Speaker, it is my great ALTO, CA Members of the House to support this initia­ pleasure to join with the city of Miami's Com­ tive. mission on the Status of Women in recogniz­ HON. ANNA G. F.SHOO ing the achievements of 14 of our community's OF CALIFORNIA most talented and effective leaders. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NO PLACE IN AMERICA FOR The Unsung Heroine's Award luncheon is Thursday, March 10, 1994 VICIOUS BIGOTRY an annual e~ent to honor outstanding women who make major contributions to our commu­ Ms. ESHOO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to HON. DICK ZIMMER nity every day but seldom make the evening honor the vibrant City of Palo Alto, CA, on the OF NEW JERSEY news. occasion of its centennial celebration. A giant IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES These women are inspiring for their commit­ redwood tree is the symbol of Palo Alto's ment and remarkable for their accomplish­ 1OOth birthday. It is a fitting reminder of the Thursday, March 10, 1994 ments. They are dedicated women for whom city's rich history, towering accomplishments, Mr. ZIMMER. Mr. Speaker, on February 23, hard work is business as usual and determina­ and solid future. this body voted to condemn the racist state­ tion is a common attribute. Palo Alto combines the beauty, charm, and ments made by former Nation of Islam Mr. Speaker, I would like to share with my friendliness of small town America with edu­ spokesman Khalid Abdul Muhammad in his colleagues the following list of this year's Un- cational, industrial, and cultural assets rivaling 79-059 0-97 Vol. 140 ( Pt. 4) 10 4630 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 10, 1994 those of any large city. Its people share a educational arts presentation are in more de­ ments, and local government officials to iden­ strong commitment to improving their commu­ mand than ever. The programs that will benefit tify ways to ensure the integrity of our water nity-a commitment reflected in one of the from the Gala include: supply. One issue of particular concern to all most successful public school systems in the Concerts in Schools, which brings the per­ the affected parties is the need to undertake country. As the birthplace of Silicon Valley, the forming arts experience to 250,000 area capital improvements to the Washington Aque­ entrepreneurial spirit is alive and well in Palo school students in grades K-12 each year at duct. While the Corps of Engineers has identi­ Alto, where numerous new technologies and no cost to the schools or students. Students in fied almost $100 million in capital improve­ companies are launched every year. In addi­ every District of Columbia public school and ments that are either currently required, or tion, Palo Alto's concern for the environment selected schools in Maryland and Virginia sub­ may be needed in the next 5 years, they have has made it a leader in recycling, while its urbs are introduced to jazz, dance, music, not yet been undertaken because of the people's appreciation for cultural diversity has opera, and other art forms in these programs Corps' inability to borrow money necessary to made the city a warm, exciting place to live which encourage respect for and understand­ begin the improvements. and work. ing of diverse cultures. Unlike most private utilities across the coun­ This centennial year many events and The Embassy Adoption Program is a multi­ try, the Corps does not have the authority to projects are taking place to honor Palo Alto's cultural enrichment program designed for sixth borrow money in order to finance improve­ past and help shape its future. Concerts, grade students in the District of Columbia pub­ ments to the infrastructure of the water sys­ events with sister cities in other nations, class­ lic schools. Over 40 embassies "adopt" a tem. Without such authority, the Corps will be room and theater presentations, environmental class for a semester and interact with the stu­ forced to require its customers to pay the inventories, a centennial calendar, and a spec­ dents as they study the culture, Government, costs of the capital improvements up front, in tacular birthday party are among the many and geography of their "adopted" country. the form of costly water bills. events planned for 1994. The Centennial En­ The Enriching Experiences for Seniors pro­ dowment Fund, a generous permanent gift gram provides entertainment by area profes­ Mr. Speaker, this situation is unacceptable. from the people of Palo Alto, will contribute to sionals, university, and high school artists and Water users should not be faced with a choice local nonprofit organizations working in areas choirs to senior citizens in nursing homes and between exorbitant water bills or a question­ such as health, housing, the arts, and the en­ retirement centers throughout the Washington able water supply. There is no question that vironment for many years to come. metropolitan area. with some of the piping for the aqueduct dat­ Mr. Speaker, this is a community justifiably Mr. Speaker, I know my colleagues join me ing back to its construction in 1853, these re­ proud of its heritage. I am privileged to rep­ in congratulating the Washington Performing pairs are an absolute necessity. resent a community which day in and day out Arts Society on its efforts to enrich the cultural Allowing the Corps to borrow from the Fed­ speaks of the best of America. I ask my col­ life of our Nation's Capital by bringing the best eral Financing Bank ensures that needed cap­ leagues to join me in saluting Palo Alto, CA, in the performing arts and educational arts ital improvements can occur, while allowing a remarkable city celebrating 100 years of ex­ programs to our community. customers to pay for the improvements over cellence. the life of the project, rather than up front. The Corps will follow the lead of many other Fed­ ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS-­ eral agencies which regularly borrow from the WASHINGTON PERFORMING ARTS WASHINGTON AQUEDUCT Federal Financing Bank to help finance pro­ SOCIETY HON. JAMFS P. MORAN grams involving construction projects. Without necessary improvements to the HON. HAMILTON FISH, JR. OF VIRGINIA Washington Aqueduct, the region's water sup­ OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ply may once again be put at risk. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, March 10, 1994 I urge my colleagues to support this legisla­ Thursday, March 10, 1994 Mr. MORAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in­ tion and ensure that these improvements Mr. FISH. Mr. Speaker, tonight my wife, troduce legislation to give the Army Corps of occur in a timely fashion and that our water Mary Ann, and I will have the pleasure of at­ Engineers the authority to borrow from the supply is protected. tending the Washington Performing Arts Soci­ Federal Financing Bank in order to finance ety's annual gala, "Strings in Spring" which capital improvements to the Washington Aque­ will feature a special performance by inter­ duct. I want to thank my good friend and col­ nationally acclaimed cellist Yo-Yo Ma. Under league, Senator JOHN WARNER, for introducing PROJECT CHILDREN the patronage of President and Mrs. Clinton, this important legislation in the Senate and this evening will benefit WPAS' community­ Representative ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON for wide arts enrichment programs which are fo­ signing on as an original cosponsor in the HON. MICHAEL R. McNUL1Y cused primarily on students in the District of House. Columbia public school. Many of you may recall that from December OF NEW YORK Now in its 28th season, the Washington 8-11 of last year, 1 million water users in Vir­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Performing Arts Society [WPAS] is one of the ginia, the District of Columbia, and Maryland Nation's leading nonprofit, independent, multi­ were ordered by the Environmental Protection Thursday, March 10, 1994 disciplinary, presenting organizations. Each Agency to boil their tap water before drinking Mr. McNULTY. Mr. Speaker, I commend season, WPAS presents over 100 recitals, or­ it. More than a simple inconvenience, the founder Denis Mulcahy and the supporters of chestral, jazz, gospel, performance art, and water alert shook resident's faith in what they Project Children for their efforts over the last dance performances at the Kennedy Center, believed to be a safe, clean, drinking water 20 years in giving the children of Northern Ire­ GALA Hispanic Theater, the Warner Theater, supply. land an opportunity to escape from the vio­ and other theaters throughout the metropolitan Although subsequent investigations revealed lence of their homeland for a short period of Washington area. The Philadelphia Orchestra, that dangerous bacteria, chryptosporidium, time. ltzhak Perlman and Pinchas Zukerman, the was not present in the water, it was revealed Boys Choir of Harlem, Mikhail Baryshnikov that workers at the Washington Aqueduct had The program and its many host families, in­ and the White Oak Dance Project are among failed to respond to increasing levels of turbid­ cluding Lawrence and Diane Riley from my the artists WPAS is bringing to the Nation's ity in the water supply. For many residents, congressional district, have given these chil­ Capital this year. questions about the cleanliness of the water dren a chance to temporarily escape the over­ From the beginning, WPAS has been com­ supply remained well after the EPA rescinded whelming fear that often exists in their lives. mitted to enriching the educational experi­ its boil-water alert Although the problems in Northern Ireland ences of area school students, particularly In response to these concerns, the Corps of are deeply rooted, I hope that the experiences young people in need, and their families. As Engineers, which has operated the Washing­ of these children while visiting the United budget cuts force the elimination of arts en­ ton Aqueduct since 1853, has been working States will contribute to making their future a richment programs in many schools, WPAS's closely with the EPA, the Council of Govern- little brighter. March 10, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4631 TESTIMONY BEFORE THE SUB- to improve any current deficiencies in this bill In calculating the tax equivalency pay­ COMMITTEE ON SPECIALTY and join me in support of it. All Americans are ments that would be paid to the affected CROPS AND NATURAL RE- affected by current management policies in counties in lieu of the payments they would SOURCES the Sequoia National Forest even though they be due under current law, CBO relied on in­ do not reside within the districts containing the formation from your staff, the Forest Serv­ HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. Sequoia National Forest. The concerns of the ice, the California State Board of Equali­ zation, and the local counties. The Board of OF CALIFORNIA many southern Californians and citizens from the other States in this Nation who come to Equalization provided us with the 1993 Value IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Sequoia National Forest to enjoy all of the of Timberland schedule sent to all counties Thursday, March 10, 1994 recreational opportunities available within this in the state. This schedule established the Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, I forest should also be considered. value per acre for tax purposes of various am here before this subcommittee to say a The Forest Service's own records show the grades of timberland, ranging from redwood few words on behalf of the Giant Sequoia Na­ recreational value of Sequoia National Forest to mixed conifer. The Forest Service indi­ tional Preservation Act which I introduced in to be substantially greater than the timber cated that the lands in the proposed preserve May of last year. As I have stated before, my value. In fact we are losing money on the tim­ would be classified chiefly as mixed conifer, intent in introducing this bill was to ensure that ber program in this forest. resulting in a total land value in the pre­ the giant sequoia mixed conifer ecosystem Mr. Chairman, I ask that the estimates pro­ serve of about $50 million (442,425 acres val­ would have permanent protection within a na­ vided to me by the Congressional Budget Of­ ued at about $105 per acre). The affected tional forest preserve. It is essential that the fice be entered into the RECORD. Item one in­ counties told us that their tax rates were ap­ protection of this ecosystem be insured by dicates that implementation of H.R. 2153 proximately 1 percent. Applying this tax law, and not be subject to changes in the in­ would result in a timber program savings of rate to the estimated land values yielded an terpretation of or the adherence to the Na­ about $6 million annually. estimated tax equivalency payment totaling about $500,000. tional Forest Management Act that might re­ In spite of the greater recreational value, sult from a change in administrations. most of the budget for this forest is used to 3. Yield Tax Payments. The federal budget The giant sequoias are not only the world's support clearcutting of timber. This skewed does not record the acquisition of disposition largest trees, they are a living part of Califor­ distribution of resources should be corrected. of physical assets as budgetary transactions. nia's environmental history, the Earth's oldest We should be investing scarce taxpayer dol­ Because the yield tax payments made by the living things. Millions of visitors come from lars in areas where they will produce the federal government are " paid" to the state within California, and from other areas of the greatest benefit for the most people. This bill of California in the form of timber assets, country to walk through the sequoia and red­ is a step in that direction. By redirecting the not cash, the value of such " payments" is wood forests. This ecosystem is a valuable budget of the Sequoia National Forest to not recorded in the budget or included in our and unique natural resource which will provide greater support and development of the rec­ cost estimate. many more economic possibilities as a reational uses of this area, more people can 4. Fire Management Costs. CBO's cost esti­ healthy, intact ecosystem than it will be a frag­ enjoy this unique natural resource. mates include all effects on the federal budg­ We have been privileged to be one in the mented landscape with the scars of excessive et that result from the enactment of new long line of generations that have enjoyed and clearcutti ng. legislation, regardless of where such costs The bill calls for scientific research within marveled at the majestic nature of the Giant are accounted for by the affected agency. the preserve, providing a living laboratory for Sequoia. I introduced the bill to insure that our The Forest Service interpreted R.R. 2153 to use by scientists from the Forest Service and generation would not be the last one in the require that any work done within the Giant other organizations. As chairman of the House line. Sequoia Preserve to clear away underbrush Thank you very much. Science Committee, I am especially interested as part of their fire management plan for the U.S. CONGRESS , area would have to be done without the use in better utilization of science in the develop­ CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE, of mechanized equipment at greater cost to ment and implementation of land manage­ Washington, DC. March 8, 1994 . ment. Obtaining information on a species as Hon. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR., the agency. As a r esult, we estimated that long-lived as the Giant Sequoia represents a U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC. fire management costs would increase by unique scientific challenge. DEAR CONGRESSMAN: I am pleased to re­ about $3 million annually. I know that there is concern about the loss spond to the five questions you asked in your 5. Timber Contract Buyout Costs. In a let­ of jobs that will result from the ban on com­ letter of February 24 regarding the Congres­ ter to CBO dated September 16, 1993, the For­ sional Budget Office cost estimate for R.R. est Service stated that " there are 7 existing mercial timber harvesting. I do not like to see 2153, the Giant Sequoia Preservation Act of the loss of even one job. For this reason, I 1993. timber sales within the proposed boundary have made provisions in the bill for annual 1. Reduction in Timber Program Costs in [of the preserve]. If we were to buy out these payments to local communities and for the es­ Affected Forests. In our analysis of the bill, sales, it would cost approximately tablishment of job retraining, technical assist­ we estimated that once fully implemented, $8,750,000." The Forest Service interpreted ance, and loans and grants to help affected R .R. 2153 would result in timber program the bill to require that these contracts, cov­ communities diversify their economies. savings totaling about $6 million annually. ering an estimated 25 million board feet of This is consistent with your point that the I should point out that if we do nothing with timber, would have to be cancelled and the average annual timber program losses in the contract-holders compensated. CBO included this there will be timber job losses. There is affected forests currently total at least $5 such costs in the estimate for R.R. 2153 be­ evidence that timber removal from the Se­ million. CBO expects, however, that the quoia National Forest over the past decade bill's provisions would take at least one year cause the federal government agrees in the has exceeded sustainable rates. This pattern from the date of enactment to be fully im­ timber contracts to pay for costs already in­ of overcutting will result in not only loss of jobs plemented. Thus, we anticipate that the full curred by the purchaser pl us damages if the in the mills, but in the degradation of a valu­ impact of such savings would not be realized contracts are cancelled. until fiscal year 1996. We have recently received more detailed able recreational resource. Ironically, allowing 2. Payments to Counties. We agree with information from the Forest Service which the current situation to continue will foreclose you that the payments to counties from the future diversification options to research and affected forests currently total about $1 mil­ indicates that only about 11.4 million board tourism. I believe that this bill will ultimately lion annually. Our cost estimate reflects a feet of timber are currently under contract protect jobs as the forest. savings of this amount beginning in fiscal in the affected areas. Assuming additional Some of my colleagues from California are year 1995. As with the timber program costs contracts are not entered into before this in opposition to this bill in its current form. discussed above, we assumed that it would bill's enactment, buyout costs are more like­ They feel that this legislation is unnecessary take at least one year after the bill's enact­ ly to be in the range of $4 million to $5 mil­ and that the loss of timber-industry jobs in ment to fully implement the bill's provi­ lion and would be incurred in the first year sions. Consequently, CBO estimated that the after enactment. their districts would present an undue hardship savings from lower payments to counties on their constituents. I hope that once they Sincerely, would be about $500,000 in fiscal year 1994 and ROBERT D. REISCHAUER, have heard all of the information presented at around $1 million in each of the subsequent Director. the hearing today, that they will work with me years. 4632 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 10, 1994 INTRODUCTION OF FOREST to join me in supporting the Forest Service Eq­ gion. How dare the Congress Party attack SERVICE EQUITY STUDY ACT uity Study Act of 1994. the Sikh religion by issuing a "death war­ rant" in breach of Sikh principles. How dare the Congress Party subvert the authority of HON. Bill RICHARDSON SIKH NATION CONDEMNS the Akal Takht (seat of Sikh temporal au­ OF NEW MEXICO CONGRESS PARTY DEATH thority in Amritsar, Punjab, Khalistan) to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES deal with this matter. The Congress Party WARRANT destroyed the Akal Takht in June 1984 and it Thursday, March JO, J994 is attacking the Akal Takht again by issuing Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. Speaker, today HON. DAN BURTON this 'death warrant.' The Sikh nation will have introduced legislation to authorize a OF INDIANA not stand for it." " The Congress Party, which is responsible study of Forest Service funding allocations IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES among the nine regions of the National Forest for ethnic cleansing in Khalistan during the past ten years, has not right to speak on be­ System. I am pleased to be jointed in the in­ Thursday, March JO, J994 half of the affairs of the Sikhs. If the Con­ troduction of the Forest Service Equity Study Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Speaker, I rise gress Party wants to help the Sikh nation, it Act of 1994 by Representatives JOE SKEEN, today to bring to your attention the reward of should respect our October 7, 1987 declara­ STEVEN SCHIFF, Bos STUMP, JIM KOLBE, JON $333,333 or 10 million rupees offered by In­ tion of independence, and vacate Khalistan KYL, ED PASTOR, and KARAN ENGLISH. dia's ruling Congress Party for any person immediately!'' As many of my colleagues know, several re­ who assassinates Pakistani writer Sidiq "This terrorist death warrant is the gions of U.S. Forest Service have historically Hussain. Mr. Hussain's book, "Tarik-e-Mujahe­ hardiwork of India's Research and Analysis been disadvantaged in the regional allocation deen [History of Rebels]'', contains disparag­ Wing (India's intelligence wing, R.A.W.). process. Region Three, which includes both Now that the movement for a free Khalistan ing and derogatory remarks about the Sikh has become peaceful and non-violent, this New Mexico and Arizona, has been a prime Gurus, who are revered by the world's 21 mil­ controversy was created by R.A.W. in order example of this inequity in Forest Service lion Sikhs. to project the Sikh nation as fundamental­ funding. In fact, data supplied by the Forest I would like to point out, however, that the ists and terrorists in the international fora. Service itself proves this point: some of the re­ Congress Party death warrant directly violates Nevertheless, those who are aware of ground gions of the National Forest System receive Sikh principles. No major Sikh religious group realities will see that no Sikh religious insti­ more funding on a per unit basis than other has endorsed the death warrant. The call for tution or political party has endorsed the regions for recreation management, wildlife Mr. Hussain's death was issued by Punjab terrorist Congress Party "death warrant." and fish management, road maintenance and "It is the height of hypocrisy for the Con­ Youth Congress President, Mr. Ramesh gress Party, whose government has mur­ other activities. Singla, who is a Hindu, not a Sikh. Further­ dered Sikhs it deems as 'terrorist,' to iseue Although the Southwest region has one of more, the Congress Party is India's ruling po­ this 'death warrant.' Why doesn't Punjab Po­ the greatest needs in the country for water­ litical party, it is not a Sikh religious party of lice Chief K.P.S. Gill arrest and kill Congress shed restoration and management, our region any kind. Party members for encouraging terrorism, as was the lowest funded region in the Lower 48 I urge the Congress Party to withdraw its does and has done to Sikhs in Punjab, States in fiscal year 1994 funding from the death warrant immediately. It is antidemocratic Khalistan for supposedly engaging in the Forest Service for watershed protection. With and barbaric. I am amazed that the ruling same crimes." " It is quite possible that this controversy 24 million acres, the Northwest region is com­ party of the world's so-called largest democ­ is a prelude to war with Pakistan over Kash­ parable in size to the 21 million acres of the racy could even participate in, much less initi­ mir. R.A.W. wants the Sikh nation to side Southwest region. Despite this similarity, in fis­ ate such as exercise. It says volumes about with India, and has created this controversy cal year 1993, the Northwest received nearly the state of Indian democracy. in order to garner support for the Indian gov­ twice the funds ($95.2 million) to manage non­ For the RECORD, I am inserting a press re­ ernment. But the Sikh nation will not be timber resources then did the Southwest lease from the Council of Khalistan, headed fooled. In case of a war between India and ($56.3 million). by Dr. Gurmit Singh Aulakh. The press re­ Pakistan, the Sikh nation will fight against My legislation, which· has also been intro­ lease clearly indicates Sikh condemnation for India for the liberation of Khalistan. We re­ duced in the Senate by JEFF BINGAMAN as S. ject the Congress Party's barbaric 'death the Congress Party death warrant. warrant,' and demand that Sikh religious in­ 1839, is an attempt to correct this inequity by CONGRESS PARTY ISSUES DEATH WARRANT stitutions be allowed to peacefully and re­ mandating a Federal study and setting the FOR WRITER-PUTS PRICE ON HEAD OF DR. sponsibly address Mr. Hussain's book, which stage for reallocating regional Forest Service SIDIQ HUSSAIN IN SHAMELESS VIOLATION OF is financed by R.A.W. The Congress Party funds. SIKH ETHICAL CONDUCT should remove itself from the affairs of the The Forest Service Equity Study Act of WASHINGTON DC, March 7, 1994.- In direct Sikh nation and not insult us by disrespect­ 1994 authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to violation of Sikh principles, India's ruling ing the religious authority of the Akal conduct an equity study within 1 year of the Congress Party yesterday offered $333,333 or Takht. date of enactment of this act. This study would 10 million rupees to anyone who assassinated Pakistan is not our enemy. The tyrannical include an analysis of the methodology and Pakistani writer Sadiq Hussain. Mr. Indian government and the Congress Party is Hussain's book, Tarik-e-Mujahedeen (His­ our enemy. They are the ones brutally occu­ rationale justifying funding decisions regarding tory of the Rebels), contains profane and de­ pying our country. Khalistan. The Sikh na­ the regions that were made prior to the date rogatory remarks about the Sikh Gurus, who tion wants independence, and we will direct the study is conducted; examine the equity of are revered by the world's 21 million Sikhs. ourselves towards Khalistan, and nothing the allocations taking into account regional The Congress Party is the ruling Indian po­ else. unit burdens; and examine the relationships litical party. It is not a Sikh religious group between funding allocations, Forest Service of any kind. It was the Congress Party that goals, and the diverse needs of the regions attacked the holy Sikh Golden Temple in U.N. PEACEKEEPING based on ecological factors and demand for June 1984. and is still despised by Sikhs the world over. multiple-use services. No popular Sikh group has endorsed or HON. LEE H. HAMILTON Mr. Speaker, as budgets get tighter and it supported the Congress Party's "death war­ OF INDIANA becomes more difficult for Congress to fund rant." The "death warrant'', which subverts IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES even the most basic programs, equity in Fed­ Sikh religious institutions and procedures eral funding on a national basis should be our for dealing with Mr. Hussain's book, is the Thursday, March JO, J994 standard. We cannot expect the American first of its kind in Sikh history. Indeed, the Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I submit for people to pay equally for the maintenance of "death warrant" was issued in a statement the RECORD an exchange of correspondence the Nation and not receive at least propor­ on Sunday by Mr. Ramesh Singla of the Con­ between myself and the U.S. Representative gress Party, who is a Hindu, not a Sikh. to the United Nations, the Honorable Mad­ tional benefits. Commenting on the Congress Party " death I look forward to working with my colleagues warrant," Dr. Gurmit Singh Aulakh, Presi­ eleine K. Albright, on the subject of U.N. re­ in the House to secure passage of this most dent Council of Khalistan. said: ''I categori­ form. important funding legislation and I urge all of cally condemn the Congress Party's attack Many Members have expressea their con­ my colleagues form States in similar situations on the natural catholicity of the Sikh reli- cern about the need for two key reforms at the March 10, 1994 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 4633 United Nations: that an independent Inspector course, but it would probably include: broad lishment of an Inspector General at the cur­ General be established expeditiously, and that authority for the IG to investigate through­ rent session. Last fall, I presented the United the current U.S. assessed rate of 30.4 percent out the United Nations, a degree of direction States delegation's detailed proposal to the and control by the IG over all existing U.N. Fifth (Administrative and Budgetary) Com­ for U.N. peacekeeping be reduced. oversight mechanisms. the availability of all mittee. In view of the complexity of the pro­ I wrote recently to Ambassador Albright to unedited IG reports, and an enforcement posal and time constraints, it was not pos­ highlight congressional concern over the need mechanism. sible to take final action before the end of for progress on these two issues. Her re­ My thinking is that an independent IG the regular session in December. However, sponse provided assurances that both an would have a long-term positive impact on the General Assembly resolved to consider independent Inspector General and a reduc­ the United Nations in containing expenses, the proposal further during the resumed ses­ tion in the U.S. assessed rate for U.N. peace­ improving efficiency and program delivery, sion. and ensuring high standards of accountabil­ keeping are high priorities for the administra­ The United States Mission has begun con­ ity and transparency for U.N. operations, in­ sultations on this issue with a view to adopt­ tion. cluding peacekeeping missions. It would also ing a final resolution this spring. This reso­ The correspondence follows: help to restore Congressional confidence in lution will establish an independent United CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, the integrity of U.N. operations, and willing­ Nations Inspector General with many of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, ness to fund such operations. authorities and powers described in your let­ Washington, DC, February 7, 1994. My sense is that several steps can be taken ter. Our efforts will be focused on negotiat­ Hon. MADELEINE K. ALBRIGHT, U.S. REP­ to help achieve this goal, and to show Con­ ing appointment, operating and reporting RESENTATIVE TO THE UNITED NATIONS, U.S. gress that progress is occurring. It would be procedures to ensure that the UN Inspector MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS, helpful for you and your colleagues to ex­ General meets these standards. New York, NY. plain in testimony to the Congress why thus There is considerable support among mem­ DEAR MADAME AMBASSADOR: It was good to far we have been able to obtain only a reso­ ber states for an independent Inspector Gen­ talk to you last week about our Committee lution which postpones examination of an eral. However, concerns have been raised work on the United Nations. We are appre­ independent IG until the resumed session of with respect to its relationship with the Sec­ ciative of the good working relationship the UNGA this spring, and to describe what retary General and existing oversight mech­ among the State Department, USUN, and the Administration's strategy is to enact ap­ anisms. We will take all necessary steps, in­ the Committee and feel it is essential to propriate legislation at the resumed General cluding a worldwide demarche, to ensure Assembly. I would hope we would also be maintain a close and frank dialogue. that the President's goal is met by the close making a world-wide demarche to all U.N. You expressed some concerns about the of the 48th session in September. Member States urging their support for an role Marian Chambers of the Committee With regard to the reduction in the independent U.N. IG. We should make clear staff played in New York and in her travels. peackeeping assessment rate to 25 percent She and the entire committee benefitted to the United Nations that the " interim IG" appointed last summer by the Secretary rate, in order for the United States to pay from the cooperation she was given this last less, we must convince others to undertake a fall by your entire mission and by the State General is a welcome, but insufficient, step, and that continued U.S. financial support for greater financial burden. Since many coun­ Department. Marian came away from her tries face similar domestic budgetary con­ three months working with and observing the U.N. may likely depend on the establish­ ment of an independent IG. straints, this requires an intensive lobbying the UN Mission with the impression that the effort in New York and in capitals. Ambas­ U.S. could do more to push the reform proc­ PEACEKEEPING ASSESSMENTS sador Walter Cutler will soon launch that ef­ ess at the UN. Many Members of Congress, As you are aware, the Congress has already fort on a mission for the Secretary General including myself, tend to agree with that im­ directed the executive branch, in report lan­ to persuade several UN member states whose pression. Her view, of course, raises ques­ guage contained in the State Appropriations assessments do not reflect their current eco­ tions of tactics. It should not detract from bill, to inform the United Nations that the nomic status to accept a higher peacekeep­ our agreement on goals, our desire to work United States intends to pay a peacekeeping ing assessment rate. Other US officials will closely together to achieve those goals, and assessment rate no higher than 25 percent. follow up on Ambassador Cutler's efforts. the necessity we both see to be able to show This directive could be toughened unless Savings for the United States would also be progress on the issues of concern which drive Members understand the Administration's achieved if Japan and Germany become Per­ so much of the debate on the United Nations strategy and timetable for reducing the U.S. manent Members of the Security Council. here in the Congress. peacekeeping assessment. The Clinton Administration agrees that I understand that these are not the only My purpose in this letter is to share with the current scale of assessments is too high reforms needed at the UN, but they are im­ you a few thoughts about how to maintain and needs to be reduced. We recognize the portant steps, especially for those of us here and increase Congressional support for the importance the Congress attaches to this in the Congress. I will work with you in sup­ United Nations and for its peacekeeping op­ issue and I can assure you we accord it the port of these reforms. erations. same high priority. I will keep you informed I know that U.N. reform is one of the Ad­ I hope this letter is helpful. It is certainly intended to be. I look forward to seeing you of significant developments as we progress ministration's priori ties, including the es­ towards our goal. I intend to provide Mem­ tablishment of an independent Inspector soon and following up on these and other is­ sues of mutual interest. bers with more details regarding our efforts General (IG) and reduction of the U.S. as­ to upcoming Congressional hearings. sessment for peacekeeping operations. I do With best regards. Sincerely, I appreciate receiving your views on these not underestimate the difficulties you face important issues and look forward to seeing in trying to translate these priorities into LEE H. HAMILTON , Chairman. you in the future. Until then, I send my very achievements. best wishes. Many of us in Congress do not fully under­ THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE UNIT­ Sincerely, stand the complexities of working in a mul­ MADELEINE K. ALBRIGHT. tilateral environment, or the obstacles you ED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE face. As you well know, on these two " bell­ UNITED NATIONS, February 17, 1994 wether" issues, the Congress has often urged IN HONOR OF DENIS MULCAHY action. Many Members are frustrated that Hon. LEE HAMILTON, they not only remain unresolved, but that Chairman. Committee on Foreign Affairs, AND PROJECT CHILDREN action on them does not appear imminent. House of Representatives. As we will soon be in conference on the DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN : Thank you for your letter of February 7, 1994 in which you urge HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN State Department Authorization Act for fis­ OF NEW YORK cal years 1994 and 1995, I want to work with the establishment of an independent Inspec­ tor General and the reduction of United you to try to avoid draconian restrictions. It IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES States assessments for United Nations peace­ may be necessary to support in conference Thursday, March 10, 1994 further action on these issues in order to keeping operations. These are high priority maintain even minimal funding levels nec­ issues for the Clinton Administration and I Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, it is my privilege essary for the United Nations and its activi­ wish to assure you that I am fully commit­ to call to the attention of our colleagues one ties. ted to achieving these reforms as quickly as of the more outstanding humanitarians of my possible. In this regard, I would like to in­ UN INSPECTOR GENERAL 20th Congressional District of New York, Den­ form you of the efforts we will be undertak­ nis Mulcahy a decorated New York City po­ My impression is that, to receive support ing over the next several months to accom­ here in the Congress, a resolution establish­ plish these goals. liceman, has earned the respect and support ing an independent U.N. Inspector General In his statement to the 48th General As­ of people throughout the world. As founder (IG) is necessary. The details can vary, of sembly, the President called for the estab- and chairman of Project Children, he has had 4634 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 10, 1994 a tremendous impact on an entire generation New York, I am pleased to note that Dennis I am honored to present this American flag of young Irish people, teaching them peace, is joined tonight by his son, Dennis Mulcahy, flown over our beautiful Capitol along with mutual trust, and understanding. Jr. this certificate by the Architect of the Cap­ Last night, I had the pleasure of honoring For more than 20 years, this outstanding itol in addition to this 20th anniversary distinguished organization has brought thou­ Dennis at the 7th Annual Washington Dinner scrapbook, which we will fill with tributes to sands (over 9,000) Irish children, both Protes­ Denis during Irish Heritage month. of Project Children. This organization has ac­ tant and Catholic, to the United States for a cumulated an impressive array of family and summer vacation, helping to build mutual Congratulations, Denis. We sincerely private sector sponsors from throughout the trust, understanding, and tolerance. thank you for your magnanimous work. On United States. Here, with volunteer families, these chil­ behalf of the children of Northern Ireland, Mr. Speaker, I request that my remarks hon­ dren receive some peace and respite from tbe all of us here this evening sincerely thank oring Dennis Mulcahy be inserted at this point strife that tears at the fabric of their native you for your dedication ... and all of us Northern Ireland. From their American holi­ join in thanking Dinner Chairperson Carol in the RECORD: day comes lifelong friendships, and hopefully Wheeler for bringing us together · this REMARKS BY REPRESENTATIVE BENJAMIN A. seeds of an eventual peace in the north of evening for this worthy cause. GILMAN, MARCH 9, 1994; PROJECT CHILDREN; Ireland. 7TH ANNUAL DINNER For this we all owe Denis Mulcahy a debt Together we will work toward bringing I am honored and pleased to be here with of gratitude and respect for his leadership about the peace that these children, and the Project Children's founder and chairman, and his dedication to the Irish children, the wonderful Emerald Isle, surely deserve. Denis Mulcahy. Denis is a constituent of innocent victims of so much violence and ha­ mine in our 20th Congressional District of tred, over which they have no control.