Some Letters in the Central Zionist Archives
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
JABOTINSKY on CANADA and the Unlted STATES*
A CASE OFLIMITED VISION: JABOTINSKY ON CANADA AND THE UNlTED STATES* From its inception in 1897, and even earlier in its period of gestation, Zionism has been extremely popular in Canada. Adherence to the movement seemed all but universal among Canada's Jews by the World War I era. Even in the interwar period, as the flush of first achievement wore off and as the Canadian Jewish community became more acclimated, the movement in Canada functioned at a near-fever pitch. During the twenties and thirties funds were raised, acculturatedJews adhered toZionism with some settling in Palestine, and prominent gentile politicians publicly supported the movement. The contrast with the United States was striking. There, Zionism got a very slow start. At the outbreak of World War I only one American Jew in three hundred belonged to the Zionist movement; and, unlike Canada, a very strong undercurrent of anti-Zionism emerged in the Jewish community and among gentiles. The conversion to Zionism of Louis D. Brandeis-prominent lawyer and the first Jew to sit on the United States Supreme Court-the proclamation of the Balfour Declaration, and the conquest of Palestine by the British gave Zionism in the United States a significant boost during the war. Afterwards, however, American Zionism, like the country itself, returned to "normalcy." Membership in the movement plummeted; fundraising languished; potential settlers for Palestine were not to be found. One of the chief impediments to Zionism in America had to do with the nature of the relationship of American Jews to their country. Zionism was predicated on the proposition that Jews were doomed to .( 2 Michuel Brown be aliens in every country but their own. -
List of the Archives of Organizations and Bodies Held at the Central
1 Guide to the Archival Record Groups and Collections Notation Record group / Collection Dates Scanning Quantity 1. Central Offices of the World Zionist Organization and of the Jewish Agency for Palestine/Israel abroad Z1 Central Zionist Office, Vienna 1897-1905 scanned 13.6 Z2 Central Zionist Office, Cologne 1905-1911 scanned 11.8 not Z3 Central Zionist Office, Berlin 1911-1920 31 scanned The Zionist Organization/The Jewish Agency for partially Z4 1917-1955 215.2 Palestine/Israel - Central Office, London scanned The Jewish Agency for Palestine/Israel - American Section 1939 not Z5 (including Palestine Office and Zionist Emergency 137.2 onwards scanned Council), New York Nahum Goldmann's offices in New York and Geneva. See Z6 1936-1982 scanned 33.2 also Office of Nahum Goldmann, S80 not Z7 Mordecai Kirshenbloom's Office 1957-1968 7.8 scanned 2. Departments of the Executive of the World Zionist Organization and the Jewish Agency for Palestine/Israel in Jerusalem, Tel Aviv and Haifa not S1 Treasury Department 1918-1978 147.7 scanned not S33 Treasury Department, Budget Section 1947-1965 12.5 scanned not S105 Treasury Department, Section for Financial Information 1930-1959 12.8 scanned partially S6 Immigration Department 1919-1980 167.5 scanned S3 Immigration Department, Immigration Office, Haifa 1921-1949 scanned 10.6 S4 Immigration Department, Immigration Office, Tel Aviv 1920-1948 scanned 21.5 not S120 Absorption Department, Section for Yemenite Immigrants 1950-1957 1.7 scanned S84 Absorption Department, Jerusalem Regional Section 1948-1960 scanned 8.3 2 Guide to the Archival Record Groups and Collections not S112 Absorption Department, Housing Division 1951-1967 4 scanned not S9 Department of Labour 1921-1948 25.7 scanned Department of Labour, Section for the Supervision of not S10 1935-1947 3.5 Labour Exchanges scanned Agricultural Settlement Department. -
The Transfer Agreement and the Boycott Movement: a Jewish Dilemma on the Eve of the Holocaust
The Transfer Agreement and the Boycott Movement: A Jewish Dilemma on the Eve of the Holocaust Yf’aat Weiss In the summer of 1933, the Jewish Agency for Palestine, the German Zionist Federation, and the German Economics Ministry drafted a plan meant to allow German Jews emigrating to Palestine to retain some of the value of their property in Germany by purchasing German goods for the Yishuv, which would redeem them in Palestine local currency. This scheme, known as the Transfer Agreement or Ha’avarah, met the needs of all interested parties: German Jews, the German economy, and the Mandatory Government and the Yishuv in Palestine. The Transfer Agreement has been the subject of ramified research literature.1 Many Jews were critical of the Agreement from the very outset. The negotiations between the Zionist movement and official representatives of Nazi Germany evoked much wrath. In retrospect, and in view of what we know about the annihilation of European Jewry, these relations between the Zionist movement and Nazi Germany seem especially problematic. Even then, however, the negotiations and the agreement they spawned were profoundly controversial in broad Jewish circles. For this reason, until 1935 the Jewish Agency masked its role in the Agreement and attempted to pass it off as an economic agreement between private parties. One of the German authorities’ principal goals in negotiating with the Zionist movement was to fragment the Jewish boycott of German goods. Although in retrospect we know the boycott had only a marginal effect on German economic 1 Eliahu Ben-Elissar, La Diplomatie du IIIe Reich et les Juifs (1933-1939) (Paris: Julliard, 1969), p. -
The Roosevelt Administration, David Ben-Gurion, and the Failure to Bomb Auschwitz: a Mystery Solved
1 Rafael Medoff The Roosevelt Administration, David Ben-Gurion, and the Failure to Bomb Auschwitz: A Mystery Solved Executive Summary Since the early 1990s, defenders of President Franklin Roosevelt's response to the Holocaust have argued that the Roosevelt administration's failure to order the bombing of Auschwitz is mitigated by the fact that the leadership of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, including David Ben-Gurion, declared their opposition to bombing Auschwitz, at a meeting in Jerusalem on June 11, 1944. So why blame the Roosevelt administration, if Jewish leaders themselves did not want it bombed? But there was a mystery: a series of documents starting as early as June 30, 1944 show that other leaders of the Jewish Agency did ask Allied representatives to bomb the camp. How could they do so, given the declared opposition of the Agency's Executive? Yet there was no record of the Jewish Agency leadership reversing the position it took on June 11 against bombing--so do FDR's defenders have a legitimate point? This mystery has at last been solved. Newly-discovered documents, found in a Zionist archival collection that had been closed to the public for more than 25 years, demonstrate that the Jewish Agency leadership, including Ben-Gurion, did change its position, and that efforts by Jewish Agency officials and other Jewish leaders around the world to bring about the Allied bombing of Auschwitz were more extensive than previously realized. The Campaign to Absolve Roosevelt For the past fifteen years, the Franklin & Eleanor Roosevelt Institute and its supporters have been working assiduously to undermine the widespread perception that the United States could have, and should have, bombed the Auschwitz death camp or the railway lines leading to the camp. -
Guide to the Archival Record Groups and Collections
GUIDE TO THE ARCHIVAL RECORD GROUPS AND COLLECTIONS Jerusalem, July 2003 The contents of this Guide, and other information on the Central Zionist Archives, may be found on Internet at the following address: http://www.zionistarchives.org.il/ The e-mail address of the Archives is: [email protected] 2 Introduction This edition of the Guide to the Archival Record Groups and Collections held at the Central Zionist Archives has once again been expanded. It includes new acquisitions of material, which have been received recently at the CZA. In addition, a new section has been added, the Maps and Plans Section. Some of the collections that make up this section did appear in the previous Guide, but did not make up a separate section. The decision to collect the various collections in one section reflects the large amount of maps and plans that have been acquired in the last two years and the advancements made in this sphere at the CZA. Similarly, general information about two additional collections has been added in the Guide, the Collection of Announcements and the Collection of Badges. Explanation of the symbols, abbreviations and the structure of the Guide: Dates appearing alongside the record groups names, signify: - with regard to institutional archives: the period in which the material that is stored in the CZA was created. - with regard to personal archives: the birth and death dates of the person. Dates have not been given for living people. The numbers in the right-hand margin signify the amount of material comprising the record group, in running meters of shelf space (one running meter includes six boxes of archival material). -
AMERICAN JEWS and the FLAG of ISRAEL Jonathan D
AMERICAN JEWS AND THE FLAG OF ISRAEL Jonathan D. Sarna University Professor Joseph H. and Belle R. Braun Professor of American Jewish History Chair, Hornstein Jewish Professional Leadership Program Brandeis University AMERICAN JEWS AND THE FLAG OF ISRAEL Jonathan D. Sarna University Professor Joseph H. and Belle R. Braun Professor of American Jewish History Chair, Hornstein Jewish Professional Leadership Program Brandeis University Boston in the 1890s A community of about 35,000 Jews 170 Hanover Street Address of Zion Hall in Boston’s North End Governor Charlie Baker’s trade mission to Israel, in which Brandeis University President Ron Liebowitz and so many other business and civic leaders are participating, is devoted to strengthening the ties between Massachusetts and the State of Israel. My goal here is to demonstrate that these ties stretch back much farther than generally known. Indeed, they actually precede the first Zionist Congress of 1897, and they embrace not only eco- nomic and ideological ties but even the flag of the State of Israel, which, as we shall see, has significant — if not widely known — connections to Boston and the United States. The Boston Jewish community was small in 1890, but already it was robustly Zionist. A total of about 35,000 Jews lived in the city, the majority of whom were recent immi- grants from Lithuania, where, in Jewish circles, love of Zion was commonplace. In Boston, Zionism faced fewer obstacles than in many other American cities. Boston’s large Irish population loved Ireland, so there was understanding and sympathy for Jews who loved Zion. -
A CHANCE NOT TAKEN Zionist–Hungarian Diplomatic Co-Operation
A CHANCE NOT TAKEN Zionist–Hungarian diplomatic co-operation in the second half of the 1930s Attila Novák In Hungary between the two world wars Zionism was an ideological current which aroused deep resistance in the ranks of both the political right-wing and the Jewish leadership. Zionism, an ideology which tried to reformulate the definition of Jews as a people, could not count much on allies, since it sharply opposed assimilation, which had traditionally been the stance of the official Jewish establishment, which considered the Jews a part of the Hungarian nation. At the same time, the Hungarian state and the political right-wing opposed the Zionist movement for two reasons: on the one hand, they regarded it as a form of Jewish separatism, and therefore contrary to the concept of the Hungarian nation-state; on the other hand, the officials of the Horthy regime, deeply imbued with anti-communist fears after the Commune of 1919, regarded even non-communist leftists as potentially dangerous communists. Zionists were a minority of a minority, their political status and social acceptance was very low, so the leading liberal and other organs referred to them only in cases of scandal and police investigations. The idea of an independent Jewish nation-state was rejected by all the players in Hungarian Jewish and non-Jewish political society, therefore the official tone used by Hungarian Zionist leaders was compassionate and ardently Hungarian nationalist. The ideological position and policy of the Zionists was quite exceptional. The majority of Hungarian Jewry and the official Jewish organisations (religious communities) considered themselves true Hungarian patriots, whose Jewishness (as a unique distinctive feature) was limited to the special Jewish ‘faith’. -
Baron, Salo W. Papers, Date (Inclusive): 1900-1980 Collection Number: M0580 Creator: Baron, Salo W
http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/ft509nb07b No online items Guide to the Salo W. Baron Papers, 1900-1980 Processed by Polly Armstrong, Patricia Mazón, Evelyn Molina, Ellen Pignatello, and Jutta Sperling; reworked July, 2011 by Bill O'Hanlon Department of Special Collections Green Library Stanford University Libraries Stanford, CA 94305-6004 Phone: (650) 725-1022 Email: [email protected] URL: http://library.stanford.edu/spc © 2002 The Board of Trustees of Stanford University. All rights reserved. Guide to the Salo W. Baron M0580 1 Papers, 1900-1980 Guide to the Salo W. Baron Papers, 1900-1980 Collection number: M0580 Department of Special Collections and University Archives Stanford University Libraries Stanford, California Contact Information Department of Special Collections Green Library Stanford University Libraries Stanford, CA 94305-6004 Phone: (650) 725-1022 Email: [email protected] URL: http://library.stanford.edu/spc Processed by: Polly Armstrong, Patricia Mazón, Evelyn Molina, Ellen Pignatello, and Jutta Sperling; reworked July, 2011 by Bill O'Hanlon Date Completed: 1993 June Encoded by: Sean Quimby © 2002 The Board of Trustees of Stanford University. All rights reserved. Descriptive Summary Title: Baron, Salo W. Papers, Date (inclusive): 1900-1980 Collection number: M0580 Creator: Baron, Salo W. Extent: ca. 398 linear ft. Repository: Stanford University. Libraries. Dept. of Special Collections and University Archives. Abstract: The Baron Papers comprise the personal, professional, and research material of Salo Baron and occupy approximately 398 linear feet. As of July 1992 the papers total 714 boxes and are arranged in 11 series, including correspondence, personal/biographical, archival materials, subject, manuscripts, notecards, pamphlets, reprints, and books, manuscripts (other authors), notes, photo and audio-visual. -
Syjonizm: Nowe Spojrzenia
Studia Judaica 18 (2015), nr 2 (36), s. 241–269 doi:10.4467/24500100STJ.15.011.4602 SYJONIZM: NOWE SPOJRZENIA Artur Kamczycki Herzl’s Image and the Messianic Idea Abstract: Theodor Herzl (1860–1904) is credited for laying foundations of the political Zionism the aim of which was to be recognizable on the literal as well as visual level. As a result of this postulate Zionism promoted itself by means of vari- ous visual arts and viewed them as an important Zionist medium. In this way, the image of Herzl became an incarnation of Zionism and an expression of its ideas. His figure was a multilayered carrier showing the ideology’s evolution and provid- ing the point of departure for many motifs and iconographic themes employed by the movement. One of them is the so-called Messianic theme that can be derived from the Zionist projection of the leader’s image. Although Herzl is not directly portrayed as the Messiah, there are certain elements implied in his images that drove the development of his Messianic myth. Herzl’s image, personality, politics and his ability to wake up the Jewish masses from a “deep slumber” by bringing up their “hidden powers,” all evoked associations with the Messiah. Mythical and idealistic elements as well as emotions connected with this figure were mostly focused around the Messianic message. Keywords: Theodor Herzl, Zionism, Messianism, Zionist iconography, Jewish art. The term ‘Zionism’ denotes a range of ideas referring to the concept of the return of all Jews from the Diaspora and the creation of a state in Eretz Israel that would correspond to the Promised Land. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Early
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Early Zionist-Kurdish Contacts and the Pursuit of Cooperation: the Antecedents of an Alliance, 1931-1951 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Near Eastern Languages and Cultures by Scott Abramson 2019 © Copyright by Scott Abramson 2019 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Early Zionist-Kurdish Contacts and the Pursuit of Cooperation: the Antecedents of an Alliance, 1931-1951 by Scott Abramson Doctor of Philosophy in Near Eastern Languages and Cultures University of California, Los Angeles Professor Lev Hakak, Co-Chair Professor Steven Spiegel, Co-Chair This study traces the progress of the contacts between Zionists/Israelis and Kurds—two non-Arab regional minorities intent on self-government and encircled by opponents—in their earliest stage of development. From the early 1930s to the early 1950s, the Political Department of the Jewish Agency (later, the Israeli Foreign Ministry) and several eminent Kurdish leaders maintained contact with a view to cooperation. The strategic calculus behind a Zionist/Israeli-Kurdish partnership was the same that directed Zionist/Israeli relations with all regional minorities: If demographic differences from the region’s Sunni Arab majority had made ii them outliers and political differences with them had made them outcasts, the Zionists/Israelis and the Kurds, together with their common circumstance as minorities, had a common enemy (Arab nationalists) against whom they could make common cause. But in the period under consideration in this work, contact did not lead to cooperation, and none of the feelers, overtures, appeals for support, and proposals for cooperation that passed between the two sides throughout these two decades were crowned with success. -
Lobbies, Refugees, and Governments| a Study of the Role of the Displaced Persons in the Creation of the State of Israel
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1988 Lobbies, refugees, and governments| A study of the role of the displaced persons in the creation of the state of Israel James Daryl Clowes The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Clowes, James Daryl, "Lobbies, refugees, and governments| A study of the role of the displaced persons in the creation of the state of Israel" (1988). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 2867. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/2867 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1976 THIS IS AN UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPT IN WHICH COPYRIGHT SUBSISTS. ANY FURTHER REPRINTING OF ITS CONTENTS MUST BE APPROVED BY THE AUTHOR, MANSFIELD LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA DATE : 1988 LOBBIES, REFUGEES, and GOVERNMENTS: A Study of the Role of the Displaced Persons in the Creation of the State of Israel By James Daryl Clowes B.A., University of Montana, 1981 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts University of Montana 1988 Approved Chairman, Board of xammers De"Sn, Graduate ScnSol ' '^ x 11 i / •• -C/ 5P Date UMI Number: EP34336 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent on the quality of the copy submitted. -
British Jewish Organizations and the Politics of Zionism: Evolution of a Political and Social Movement, 1880-1920
BRITISH JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS AND THE POLITICS OF ZIONISM: EVOLUTION OF A POLITICAL AND SOCIAL MOVEMENT, 1880-1920 A Thesis Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts By Alexander Wiessmann Jarin May 2017 Thesis Approvals: Lila C. Berman Ph.D. First Reader Travis Glasson, Ph.D., Second Reader ii ABSTRACT British Zionism developed into a major political and religious movement between 1880 and 1920. It was initially seen differently by two leading Jewish organizations in Britain, the Board of Deputies of British Jews and the English Zionist Federation. For many years, the work of the Board of Deputies and the EZF involved petitioning the government either in support of or opposition to the development of Zionism in the United Kingdom. For much of its history the Board of Deputies opposed Zionism and instead advocated for relative assimilation into British society, culture, and politics, whereas the Federation consistently advocated for Jewish emigration to Palestine and the establishment of a Jewish state. However eventually the two organizations worked cooperatively to advance the Zionist cause. For many generations Jews in Britain had worked to insure that their loyalty to Britain would not be questioned and to thereby insure that they would have a chance at a prosperous life. The years between 1880-1920 are particularly crucial to understanding British Zionism because of the creation of modern political Zionism under the leadership Theodor Herzl. The onset of the First World War saw British Jewish leaders finally gain support from the British government for a Jewish homeland.