DOCSLIB.ORG

Ultimate Brightness Insertion Devices for Synchrotron Light Sources Page 6-7

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ultimate Brightness Insertion Devices for Synchrotron Light Sources Page 6-7 NEWS 2012 GENERATING LIGHT WITH ULTIMATE BRIGHTNESS Insertion devices for synchrotron light sources Page 6-7 RESEARCH HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY 4 Brighter, smaller, smarter 12 Beam it 16 Keepin’ it going Magnets, insertion devices and Accelerators for healthcare Innovative developments at other components for synchrotron and industry. More than Danfysik. Introducing new, light sources and FEL pure research tools innovative accelerator products DANFYSIK | editorial It’s all about innovation It is the ambition of our parent company, Danish Technological Institute, and its group of subsidiaries to be ‘best in class’, and the motto for the whole organization is ‘good is not enough’. This matches perfectly with what we have always strived for in Danfysik. Moreover, our customers from all over the world keep us on our toes, by requiring new developments, new solutions and new technologies for our products and systems. We often experience a demand for higher performances than what used to be good enough. Many of the cases in this news magazine are examples of this, e.g. the new integrated multimagnet technology for the new synchrotron light source MAX IV in Lund Sweden, fast injection and extraction systems for MedAustron in Austria, and high performance spectrometer systems for TRIUMF in BC Canada, just to mention a few. Solving the different challenges that this type of jobs offers, requires an innovative mindset in our organization, which we would never get on without in our business. – It’s all about innovation. Bjarne Roger Nielsen, CEO We thank our customers for showing their trust in Danfysik to develop, design and produce their demanding equipment. Bjarne Roger Nielsen, CEO content Generating LIGHT WITH ultiMate BRIGHTNESS Insertion devices for synchrotron light sources p. 6-7 BRIGHTER, SMALLER, SMarter 3 WINDING IT Magnets, insertion devices and other 4 It’S BEAM TIME! components for synchrotron light 5 COMPOUND MAGNET STRUCTURES sources and FEL p. 4 5 READY FOR THE ORBIT Danfysik is a registered trademark. © Danfysik. All Rights Reserved. 8 HARMONIC COIL BENCH SYSTEM BEAM IT 8 InnovATIVE DEVICES Other product and service names Accelerators for healthcare mentioned herein are the trademarks and industry. More than pure 9 GETTING MASSES, ENERGIES of their respective owners. AND SPINS SORTED OUT research tools p. 12 Publisher: 9 SPIN ROTATORS FOR MUON EXPERIMENTS Danfysik 10 GAS FILLED MAGNET Gregersensvej 8 KEEPIN’ IT GOING DK-2630 Taastrup 10 SOLENOIDS Innovative developments at Tel. +45 7220 2400 11 PoweR SUPPLIES Fax +45 7220 2410 Danfysik. Introducing new, innovative Email: [email protected] accelerator products p. 16 14 A RESPONSIBLE PIONEER Web: www.danfysik.dk 2 DANFYSIK | news magazine 2012 Winding it Needless to say that a well working coil WINDING COILS IS STILL A CRAFT AND THEREFORE DEMANDS A LOT factory is of paramount importance for OF EXPERIENCE – aND ALTHOUGH THIS FACTORY IS STATE OF THE a magnet builder, who is determined to ART – I AM PROUD TO SAY – thaT IT COMES WITH A HUGE AMOUNT satisfy even the most demanding customer. OF BUILT-IN KNOW-HOW! Danfysik’s growing team of enthusiastic and highly skilled coil experts is proud to Lars Helmersen master every performance challenge and to Production & Logistics Manager make high quality and long lasting coils. Our brand new coil factory is equipped Danfysik’s new coil winding facility in Taastrup is equipped with two brand new winding stations with two state-of-the-art coil winding (see pictures at top and to the left). The picture stations, a large, microprocessor controlled below shows our new impregnation oven with impregnation oven and a modern yoke freshly impregnated solenoid coils in the foreground. lamination process line. The coil factory is currently being expanded in order to prepare our production capacity for increasing demand. 3 DANFYSIK | research It’s beam time! DANFYSIK SOLUTIONS FOR RESEARCH LABORATORIES Do you need to accelerate, transport or store charged particles? Or maybe you need an insertion device for your synchrotron or free electron laser? Or an odd sized coil, a fancy magnet or an electrostatic device working with several hundreds of kV for your spectrometer or fusion machine? Danfysik’s sales team and design experts are happy to present more than one solution to your beam problem. On the next pages you’ll find some highlights of Danfysik’s most recent projects. THE BOOSTER DELIVERED BY DANFYSIK IS SO STABLE AND RELIABLE THAT WE SOMETIMES FORGET HOW IT ACTUALLY WORKS – WE NEVER HAVE TO TROUBLESHOOT Les Dallin, Manager, Accelerator Operations & Development, Canadian Light Sourcev BRIGHTER, SMALLER, SMARTER Magnets, insertion devices and other components for synchrotron light sources and FEL The race for ever brighter synchrotron light sources or free electron lasers is pushing the next generation accelerator technology to the very limits. Whether your application needs insertion devices with record breaking performance, higher homogeneity dipoles and multipole magnets. Maybe you want to go for most compact magnet structures with reliable, ultra-stable power supplies, or even turn-key injector boosters. Danfysik as the leading supplier of synchrotron light source equipment will help you sqeezing the last photon out of your electron beam. Courtesy MAX-lab 4 DANFYSIK | news magazine 2012 research | DANFYSIK COMPOUND MAGNET STRUCTURES FOR MAX IV MAX-lab in Sweden has proposed the hitherto most ambitious design of third generation light sources for their new MAX IV synchrotron. In order to achieve the minimum electron beam emittance of a very compact 3 GeV machine with only 528 m circumference, the MAX IV lattice designers tried to distribute as many bending sections as possible around the ring. They found a solution choosing very compact achromatic magnet sections, by machining dipoles 3D design of the U3 compound magnet structure for the MAX IV facility in Lund, Sweden and quadrupoles into one yoke and by integrating higher multipole magnets into MAX IV plans to deliver the first beam the same compound magnet structure. Minimum electron beam to users in 2016. The new light source emittance of a very compact is anticipated to attract scientists and Danfysik was awarded a contract for industrial users from Medicon Valley, providing 60 sections of main ring 3 GeV machine in particular in the fields of molecular compound magnet structures, the last one biology, advanced materials, and nano to be delivered in late 2013. The 3 different finalizing the manufacturing design of the sciences. The new MAX IV facility is being compound yoke families in the length magnets, including innovative coil winding built in the vicinity of the new European range between 2.2 m and 3.3 m, are to be concepts and new magnet measurement Spallation Source ESS on a site near machined to a precision of 20 μm, which tools. The first prototype is going to be Lund in Sweden. is a challenge in itself. Danfysik is currently presented to MAX-lab in July this year. READY FOR THE ORBIT – ASTRID2 Magnet installation completed, A total number of 6 magnet structures a single girder were recently delivered orbiting beam awaited for with discrete dipoles, quadrupoles and by Danfysik to Århus in Denmark where early summer 2012 sextupoles which are pre-mounted on the Institute for Storage Ring Facilities (ISA), Aarhus University is preparing for commissioning of the new 0.6 GeV ASTRID2 storage ring. In addition to the compound magnet structures, Danfysik has provided transfer line magnets, septa, extraction, injection-bumper magnets with <50 ns risetime and a 0.9 m long, 116 mm period length multipole wiggler for ASTRID2, as reported in our 2011 Newsletter. Starting full operation in 2013, ASTRID2 anticipates to provide VUV light and long wavelength X-rays for 150 scientific users from Scandinavia and from the rest of the world. The scientists will use the synchrotron light for experiments in the fields of molecular biology, bio- and astro-chemistry Courtesy ISA, Aarhus University as well as material and surface science. 5 DANFYSIK | research GENERATING LIGHT WITH ULTIMATE BRIGHTNESS Our customers from synchrotron light designed by Danfysik and is currently being sources and free electron lasers value built. The 18 pole pair wiggler is designed our high performance, reliable insertion to achieve a K-value of >7.5 at a magnetic devices. The faith in our products and our gap of 102 mm and at a center field of competitive prices have recently resulted 1.82 T. The center poles have furthermore in a number of insertion device orders for been optimized to provide a field roll-off at both synchrotron light sources and free a maximum K of 0.2 %. The 28 main coils electron lasers, bringing us closer to our have 32 windings of 8 x 8 mm2 hollow goal to become the preferred supplier oxygen free copper conductor. In order for high-end synchrotron light source to compensate for saturation effects, the products. Our highly skilled team of experts wiggler is equipped with two large and two uses state-of-the-art design, production small end coils of 72 windings each. and measurement tools to process the orders ’to-specs’ and ’in-time’. The wiggler will be powered by a Danfysik 854T power supply with a maximum output Six damping wigglers weighing 11 tons current/voltage of 635 A/190 V for the main each for the new NSLSII light source of coils, and a similar supply with 260 A/20 V. Brookhaven National Laboratory are being The small end coils are connected to assembled and tested in our premises 200 A/60 V power supplies of the 9100 in Taastrup. The biggest challenge for series. The power supplies are equipped with this project was to handle the enormous a polarity switch and earth leak detection. magnetic forces on the magnet girders.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Persis S. Drell Stanford Helmut Dosch DESY
    Persis S. Drell Helmut Dosch Stanford DESY Outline • Introduction • BESAC Contributions & Impact – John Hemminger’s Leadership – Most recent recommendations on future BES light source facilities • Americas Perspective – Science Results & Drivers – New Rings & FELs • Asia & Europe Perspective – Science Results & Drivers – New Rings & FELs • Concluding Remarks 2 BESAC Contributions & Impact to BES Facilities • Dr. John Hemminger: 13 years as BESAC Chairperson – Key BESAC & SC Strategic Planning Reports (See Below) – New Facilities: SNS, 5 NSRCs, LCLS, NSLS-II, LCLS-II, APS-U, … 20000 Near Doubling of BES User Community 8.8K → 16.3K since 2004! 15000 10000 5000 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 NSLS II NSLS SSRL ALS APS LCLS HFBR IPNS SNS HFIR LS Users: 7.7K → 11K Lujan EMC NCEM ShaRE CNMS MF CINT CNM CFN Basic Energy Sciences Report of the BESAC Report Facilities Prioritization BESAC Subcommittee on on Future X-ray Light Facility Upgrades Co-Chaired by : Sources John C. Hemminger, Chair Univ ersity of California, Irv ine & William Barletta Approv ed by the Approv ed by the Basic Energy MIT Basic Energy Sciences Sciences Adv isory Committee Adv isory Committee on February 26-27, 2013 on July 25, 2013 June 9, 2016 3 Motivation: Desire to Probe Nature at Atomic Length (Å) & Time (fs) Scales Seeing the Invisible in Real Materials Where are the Atoms? Compositional Newly discovered heterogeneity in a structure of a LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 hydrogen-stuffed, battery hundreds quartz-like form of of hours after ice charging
    [Show full text]
  • Vacuum Ultraviolet Photoabsorption Spectroscopy of Space-Related Ices: 1 Kev Electron Irradiation of Nitrogen- and Oxygen-Rich Ices S
    A&A 641, A154 (2020) Astronomy https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935477 & © ESO 2020 Astrophysics Vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption spectroscopy of space-related ices: 1 keV electron irradiation of nitrogen- and oxygen-rich ices S. Ioppolo1, Z. Kanuchovᡠ2, R. L. James3, A. Dawes3, N. C. Jones4, S. V. Hoffmann4, N. J. Mason5, and G. Strazzulla6 1 School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK e-mail: [email protected] 2 Astronomical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences, 059 60 Tatranská Lomnica, Slovakia 3 School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK 4 ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark 5 School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent, Park Wood Rd, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK 6 INAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, Catania 95123, Italy Received 15 March 2019 / Accepted 24 July 2020 ABSTRACT Context. Molecular oxygen, nitrogen, and ozone have been detected on some satellites of Saturn and Jupiter, as well as on comets. They are also expected to be present in ice-grain mantles within star-forming regions. The continuous energetic processing of icy objects in the Solar System induces physical and chemical changes within the ice. Laboratory experiments that simulate energetic processing (ions, photons, and electrons) of ices are therefore essential for interpreting and directing future astronomical observations. Aims. We provide vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photoabsorption spectroscopic data of energetically processed nitrogen- and oxygen-rich ices that will help to identify absorption bands and/or spectral slopes observed on icy objects in the Solar System and on ice-grain mantles of the interstellar medium.
    [Show full text]
  • A New LLRF System for ASTRID and the Proposed ASTRID2
    Jørgen S. Nielsen Institute for Storage Ring Facilities (ISA) Aarhus University Denmark ESLS XVIII (25-26/11 2010), Status of the ASTRID2 project 1 ` ASTRID2 is the new synchrotron light source presently being built in Aarhus, Denmark ` Dec 2008: Received 37 MDKr (5 M€) to ◦ Build a new SR light source ◦ Convert ASTRID into a booster ◦ Move existing beam lines x New 2 T Multi Pole Wiggler ` The project should be finished in 2013 ESLS XVIII (25-26/11 2010), Status of the ASTRID2 project 2 ` ASTRID2 main parameters ◦ Electron energy: 580 MeV ◦ Emittance: 12 nm ◦ Beam Current: 200 mA ◦ Circumference: 45.7 m ◦ 6-fold symmetry x lattice: DBA with 12 combined function dipole magnets x Integrated quadrupole gradient ◦ 4 straight sections for insertion devices ◦ Will use ASTRID as booster (full energy injection) x Allows top-up operation ESLS XVIII (25-26/11 2010), Status of the ASTRID2 project 3 ESLS XVIII (25-26/11 2010), Status of the ASTRID2 project 4 ASTRID2 parameters Combined function dipoles 6x2 solid sector Energy 580 MeV Nominal (max.) dipole field 1.1975 (1.25) T Circumference 45.704 m Bending radius 1.62 m Current 200 mA Nominal quadrupole field ‐3.219 T/m Nominal sextupole field ‐8.0 T/m2 Straight sections 4x2.7 m Quadrupoles 6x(2+2) Betatron tunes 5.185, 2.14 Magnetic length 0.132 m Coupling factor <10% Max. gradient 20 T/m Horizontal emittance 12 nm Sextupoles 6x(2+1) Natural chromaticity ‐6, ‐11 Magnetic length 0.170 m Dynamical aperture 25‐30 mm Max.
    [Show full text]
  • Jørgen S. Nielsen Institute for Storage Ring Facilities (ISA) Aarhus University Denmark
    Jørgen S. Nielsen Institute for Storage Ring Facilities (ISA) Aarhus University Denmark ESLS-RF 13 (30/9-1/10 2009), ASTRID2 and its RF system 1 ASTRID2 is the new synchrotron light source to be built in Århus, Denmark Dec 2008: Awarded 5.0 M€ for ◦ Construction of the synchrotron ◦ Transfer of beamlines from ASTRID1 to ASTRID2 ◦ New multipole wiggler ◦ We did apply for 5.5 M€ Cut away an undulator for a new beamline Has to be financed together with a new beamline Saved some money by changing the multipole wiggler to better match our need ESLS-RF 13 (30/9-1/10 2009), ASTRID2 and its RF system 2 ◦ Electron energy: 580 MeV ◦ Emittance: 12 nm ◦ Beam Current: 200 mA ◦ Circumference: 45.7 m ◦ 6-fold symmetry lattice: DBA with 12 combined function dipole magnets Integrated quadrupole gradient ◦ 4 straight sections for insertion devices ◦ Will use ASTRID as booster (full energy injection) Allows top-up operation ESLS-RF 13 (30/9-1/10 2009), ASTRID2 and its RF system 3 ESLS-RF 13 (30/9-1/10 2009), ASTRID2 and its RF system 4 ESLS-RF 13 (30/9-1/10 2009), ASTRID2 and its RF system 5 General parameters ASTRID2 ASTRID Energy E [GeV] 0.58 0.58 Dipole field B [T] 1.192 1.6 Circumference L [m] 45.704 40.00 Current I [mA] 200 200 Revolution time T [ns] 152.45 133.43 Length straight sections [m] ~3 Number of insertion devices 4 1 Lattice parameters Straight section dispersion [m] 0 2.7 Horizontal tune Qx 5.23 2.29 Vertical tune Qy 2.14 2.69 Horizontal chromaticity dQ x/d( ∆p/p) -6.4 -4.0 Vertical chromaticity dQ y/d( ∆p/p) -11.2 -7.1 Momentum
    [Show full text]
  • Synchrotron Radiationradiation
    ASTRID2: the new Danish light source SynchrotronSynchrotron RadiationRadiation The state-of-the art synchrotron light source, ASTRID2, SynchrotronSynchrotron radiationradiation isis thethe namename givengiven toto thethe electromagneticelectromagnetic radiationradiation whichwhich isis emittedemitted byby relativisticrelativistic electronselectrons beingbeing deflecteddeflected byby aa magneticmagnetic field.field. will be used for research within medicine, molecular SynchrotronSynchrotron radiationradiation occursoccurs naturallynaturally inin spacespace wherewhere relativisticrelativistic electronselectrons spiralspiral HST and cell biology, nanotechnology, new materials throughthrough magneticmagnetic fields,fields, anan exampleexample ofof thisthis cancan bebe seenseen inin thethe CrabCrab NebulaNebula (picture(picture toto thethe right).right). and atomic and molecular physics. This world SynchrotronSynchrotron radiationradiation cancan alsoalso bebe producedproduced artificiallyartificially class infrastructure will provide near laser-like usingusing aa synchrotronsynchrotron storagestorage ringring suchsuch asas ASTRID2.ASTRID2. WhenWhen electronselectrons inin thethe ringring areare acceleratedaccelerated toto speedsspeeds closeclose toto N beam quality, with tuneable wavelengths thatthat ofof light,light, radiationradiation isis emittedemitted withinwithin aa narrownarrow conecone inin from the ultraviolet to the X-ray. thethe directiondirection ofof motion.motion. ThereThere areare 1616 bunchesbunches ofof electronselectrons
    [Show full text]
  • ASTRID2 -The New Low-Emmitance Light Source in Denmark
    Proceedings of IPAC’10, Kyoto, Japan WEPEA008 ASTRID2 - THE NEW LOW-EMITTANCE LIGHT SOURCE IN DENMARK S.P. Møller, N. Hertel, and J.S. Nielsen, ISA, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Abstract Two families of sextupoles are installed to compensate A new low-energy synchrotron radiation light source is and vary chromaticity. Initially, strong sextupole presently being built at Aarhus University. The storage components in the combined-function dipoles were ring will circulate a 580 MeV electron beam with an proposed, but it turned out that such extended strong emittance of 10 nm. Due to the moderate lifetime of a few sextupoles reduced the dynamical aperture drastically [2]. hours, the machine will be operated in top-up mode at 200 After introduction of short sextupoles, the dynamical mA with injection from the present ASTRID storage ring. aperture could be enlarged to a value in excess of the In the present contribution, we will describe aspects of the physical aperture. However, a small negative sextupole lattice, the injection and the expected performance of the component was introduced in the dipoles as this increased machine. the vertical dynamical aperture even further by ~50 %. The main data for ASTRID2 are given in Table 1. INTRODUCTION The lattice will include 24 button pickup systems, 24 horizontal and 12 vertical correction dipoles. The ASTRID storage ring [1] has now been in operation for 20 years, and although the machine at 580 Table 1: ASTRID2 Specifications MeV has a very good lifetime in excess of 100 hours at Quantity Value 150 mA, the relatively large emittance (140 nm), the limited stability and lack of straight sections for insertion Energy 580 MeV devices has since long called for an upgrade.
    [Show full text]
  • A5-Nielson JSN ESLSRF-17 2013
    Jørgen S. Nielsen Center for Storage Ring Facilities (ISA) Aarhus University Denmark ESLS-RF 17 (18-19/9 2013), ASTRID2 RF system 1 ASTRID2 is the new synchrotron light source being built in Aarhus, Denmark ASTRID2 main parameters ◦ Electron energy: 580 MeV ◦ Emittance: 12 nm ◦ Beam Current: 200 mA ◦ Circumference: 45.7 m ◦ 6-fold symmetry lattice: DBA with 12 combined function dipole magnets Integrated quadrupole gradient ◦ 4 straight sections for insertion devices ◦ Will use ASTRID as booster (full energy injection) Allows top-up operation ESLS-RF 17 (18-19/9 2013), ASTRID2 RF system 2 ESLS-RF 17 (18-19/9 2013), ASTRID2 RF system 3 90 mA continuous TopUp ◦ Problem with bumpers limits continuous TopUp operation to 90 mA Friday 13/9 2013: Accumulated 200 mA ◦ TopUp for ~20 min May 2013: First light in a beam line 11-12/9 2013: First experiments performed with the AU-UV beam line ◦ UV absorption and Circular Dichroism 5 beam lines are being installed ESLS-RF 17 (18-19/9 2013), ASTRID2 RF system 4 105 MHz (like ASTRID) Main RF parameters ◦ Harmonic: 16 ◦ RF voltage: 50-150 kV ◦ Synchrotron frequency:10-20 kHz ◦ Synchrotron radiation power: ~1.4 kW ◦ Cavity power: 0.5-7 kW 8 kW solid state amplifier from Tomco Technologies (Australia) Has been running exceptional well, except for two humidity sensor boards which failed in a way so an internal 5V supply was overloaded, preventing operation ESLS-RF 17 (18-19/9 2013), ASTRID2 RF system 5 Basically the same as MAX IV cavities ◦ Built by RI (RF design by MaxLab) Conditioned to ~80 kV (~900 W) ◦ No problems seen ◦ Will condition to higher voltages when time permit Have ordered a 315 MHz Landau cavity (also from RI and based on MaxLab design).
    [Show full text]
  • Book of Abstracts
    Book of Abstracts 5th International Workshop on Electrostatic Storage Devices June 17 – 21, 2013 Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics Heidelberg, Germany Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics Saupfercheckweg 1 D-69117 Heidelberg Germany June 2013 2 Preface The dynamic development of electrostatic storage devices for ion beams is creating new experimental options for research on large and small molecules, highly charged ions, and atomic clusters. The growing capabilities of these devices greatly expand the advantages of using stored ion beam methods by the availability of cryogenic temperatures, high molecular masses, and high- quality low-velocity ion beams. Furthermore, new opportunities arise for employing laser sources in a wide spectral range and for merged-beam collision experiments, ring-internal targets, and advanced particle detection techniques. Thus, new possibilities are created for sensitive experiments on collisional and internal rearrangements in complex atomic-scale systems, and in fields such as mass spectrometry and weak interactions in nuclei. Accompanying these advances, International Workshops on Electrostatic Storage Devices were held in Eilat, Israel (2005), Stockholm, Sweden (2007), Aarhus, Denmark (2009) and Gatlinburg, USA (2011). In the line of the previous meetings, the Heidelberg Workshop ESD 2013 is devoted to progress in the development of instruments and procedures as well as to research with low-energy stored ion beams – expanding to an increasingly broad range of scientific areas as the experimental
    [Show full text]
  • Epitaxial Single Layer Nbs $ {2} $ on Au (111): Synthesis, Structure, And
    Epitaxial single layer NbS2 on Au(111): synthesis, structure, and electronic properties Raluca-Maria Stan,1 Sanjoy K. Mahatha,1 Marco Bianchi,1 Charlotte E. Sanders,2 Davide Curcio,1 Philip Hofmann,1, ∗ and Jill A. Miwa1, y 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. 2Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell OX11 0QX, United Kingdom (Dated: January 14, 2019) We report on the epitaxial growth of single layer NbS2 on Au(111) and determine both its crys- talline and electronic structure by a combination of low-energy electron diffraction, scanning tun- nelling microscopy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The layer is found to grow in the 1H structural phase with a lattice constant of (3.29±0.03) A,˚ a value comparable to the bulk 2H NbS2 lattice constant. The photoemission data reveals a metallic band structure down to a temperature of 30 K. The observed bands are rather broad and consistent with either a strong NbS2-substrate interaction or with the recently reported interplay of strong many-body effects in single layer NbS2 [1]. No indications of a charge density wave are observed. INTRODUCTION While few layer (3R) [23] and even single layer NbS2 [24] have been successfully synthesized, little is known about the different ground states in SL NbS2. Density Metallic transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) functional theory and GW calculations predict SL NbS2 have been studied for decades due to their susceptibility to be metallic with a half-filled upper valence band that to many fascinating quantum states, such as charge and is well-separated from other electronic states [25, 26].
    [Show full text]
  • Vacuum Ultraviolet Photoabsorption Spectroscopy of Space-Related Ices: Formation and Destruction of Solid Carbonic Acid Upon 1 Kev Electron Irradiation S
    A&A 646, A172 (2021) Astronomy https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039184 & © ESO 2021 Astrophysics Vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption spectroscopy of space-related ices: formation and destruction of solid carbonic acid upon 1 keV electron irradiation S. Ioppolo1, Z. Kanuchovᡠ2, R. L. James3, A. Dawes3, A. Ryabov3, J. Dezalay3, N. C. Jones4, S. V. Hoffmann4, N. J. Mason5, and G. Strazzulla6 1 School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK e-mail: [email protected] 2 Astronomical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences, 059 60 Tatranská Lomnica, Slovakia 3 School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK 4 ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark 5 School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK 6 INAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Catania 95123, Italy Received 14 August 2020 / Accepted 23 December 2020 ABSTRACT Context. Carbonic acid (H2CO3) is a weak acid relevant to astrobiology which, to date, remains undetected in space. Experimental work has shown that the β-polymorph of H2CO3 forms under space relevant conditions through energetic (UV photon, electron, and cosmic ray) processing of CO2- and H2O-rich ices. Although its α-polymorph ice has been recently reassigned to the monomethyl ester of carbonic acid, a different form of H2CO3 ice may exist and is synthesized without irradiation through surface reactions involving CO molecules and OH radicals, that is to say γ-H2CO3. Aims. We aim to provide a systematic set of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photoabsorption spectroscopic data of pure carbonic acid that formed and was destroyed under conditions relevant to space in support of its future identification on the surface of icy objects in the Solar System by the upcoming Jupiter ICy moons Explorer mission and on interstellar dust by the James Webb Space Telescope spacecraft.
    [Show full text]
  • Jørgen S. Nielsen Institute for Storage Ring Facilities (ISA) Aarhus University Denmark
    Jørgen S. Nielsen Institute for Storage Ring Facilities (ISA) Aarhus University Denmark ESLS-RF 16 (9-10/9 2012), ASTRID/ASTRID2 RF systems 1 ASTRID2 is the new synchrotron light source being built in Århus, Denmark ASTRID2 main parameters ◦ Electron energy: 580 MeV ◦ Emittance: 12 nm ◦ Beam Current: 200 mA ◦ Circumference: 45.7 m ◦ 6-fold symmetry lattice: DBA with 12 combined function dipole magnets Integrated quadrupole gradient ◦ 4 straight sections for insertion devices ◦ Will use ASTRID as booster (full energy injection) Allows top-up operation ESLS-RF 16 (9-10/9 2012), ASTRID/ASTRID2 RF systems 2 ESLS-RF 16 (9-10/9 2012), ASTRID/ASTRID2 RF systems 3 August 2012: Beam circulated for ~1300 turns Limitation: RF not ready Timeline ◦ Week 44: First beam commissioning with RF ◦ End of 2012: First beamline on ASTRID2 ◦ 2013: All beamlines transferred to ASTRID2 ESLS-RF 16 (9-10/9 2012), ASTRID/ASTRID2 RF systems 4 ESLS-RF 16 (9-10/9 2012), ASTRID/ASTRID2 RF systems 5 105 MHz (like ASTRID) Main RF parameters ◦ Harmonic: 16 ◦ RF voltage: 50-150 kV ◦ Synchrotron frequency: 10-20 kHz ◦ Synchrotron radiation power: ~1.4 kW ◦ Cavity power: 0.5-7 kW 8 kW solid state amplifier from Tomco Technologies (Australia) 8 pcs. 1 kW amplifier modules (each with circulators) combined 2x(4x1) ESLS-RF 16 (9-10/9 2012), ASTRID/ASTRID2 RF systems 6 Same as MAX IV cavities ◦ Except for small change in diameter of stub-disc to facilitate 105 MHz Built by RI (RF design by MaxLab) Based on MAX II cavity Use Electron Beam Welding instead of vacuum brazing Have ordered a 315 MHz Landau cavity (also from RI and based on MaxLab design).
    [Show full text]
  • Graphene Oxide Layer-By-Layer Films for Sensors and Devices
    nanomaterials Article Graphene Oxide Layer-by-Layer Films for Sensors and Devices Ivan C. C. Assunção 1, Susana Sério 1 , Quirina Ferreira 2 , Nykola C. Jones 3 , Søren V. Hoffmann 3 , Paulo A. Ribeiro 1,* and Maria Raposo 1,* 1 Laboratory of Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; [email protected] (I.C.C.A.); [email protected] (S.S.) 2 Instituto de Telecomunicações, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; [email protected] 3 ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; [email protected] (N.C.J.); [email protected] (S.V.H.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (P.A.R.); [email protected] (M.R.) Abstract: Layer-by-layer films of poly (allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and graphene oxide (GO) were characterized, looking at growth with the number of bilayers, morphology, and electrical properties. The PAH/GO films revealed a linear increase in absorbance with the increase in the number of deposited bilayers, allowing the determination that 10.7 ± 0.1 mg m−2 of GO is adsorbed per unit of area of each bilayer. GO absorption bands at 146, 210, 247 and 299 nm, assigned to π-π* and n-π* transitions in the aromatic ring (phenol) and of the carboxylic group, respectively, were characterized by vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy. The morphological characterization of these films demonstrated that they are not completely uniform, with a bilayer thickness of 10.5 ± 0.7 nm.
    [Show full text]