DOCSLIB.ORG

Ch Il I Emiluminescence

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ch Il I Emiluminescence Chem ilum inescence by Thomas Splietker Table of Content Historical Introduction Principle Applications Glowsticks Forensic Detection of Biomolecules Special Cases Bioluminescence Electrochemiluminescence 18.06.2012 2 Thomas Splietker Historical Introduction 1669 discovered by pharmacist and alchemist Heinrich Henning Brand in Hamburg The term „chemilumineszenz“ is charaterized by Eilhard Wiedemann in 1888 18.06.2012 3 Thomas Splietker Principle [A] + [B] → [AB*] → [AB] + hν [A] Luminophore [B] TillTypically an oxidizi ng agent [AB*] Excited intermediate In reality, reactions are often more complex They do not need an electrical power source! 18.06.2012 4 Thomas Splietker Applications 18.06.2012 Thomas Splietker Glowsticks Glowsticks for partys, emergency lighting and fishing Plastic tubes filled with a) Phenyloxalate b) Dye c) Glasstube filled with hdhydrogen peroxide 18.06.2012 6 Thomas Splietker Glowsticks 1) Oxidation of an diphenyl oxalate (top) 2) Decomposition of 1,2‐dioxetanedione (middle) 3) Relaxation of dye (lower) 18.06.2012 7 Thomas Splietker Examples for dyes (Fluoropp)hores) blue green yellow red 9,10‐diphenylanthracene 9,10‐bis(phenylethynyl) anthracene (5,6,11,12‐tetraphenyl naphthacene) Rhodamine B (DPA) (BPEA) (Rubrene) There are a lot of other possible dyes 18.06.2012 8 Thomas Splietker Applications Luminol* is used in forensics for blood detection Oxidation of luminol, in the presence of iron or manganese ions, through hydrogen peroxide *5‐Amino‐2,3‐dihydro‐1,4‐phthalazinedione 18.06.2012 9 Thomas Splietker Detection of Biomolecules Common technique for a variety of detection assays in biology Principle: • Horseradhdish peroxidase enzym (HRP) is tethered to the molecule of interest • HRP catalyzes a substrate into a sensitized reagent which produces a triplet (excited) carbonyl through oxidation (H2O2) • By decay to singlet carbonyl, light is emitted 18.06.2012 10 Thomas Splietker rr Splietke Special cases mas .06.2012 o Bio‐ & Electrochemiluminescence o 18 Th Bioluminescence Naturally occuring form of ccehemil umin esceceescence Creatures produce luciferin (pigment) and luciferase (enzyme) Luciferin reacts with oxygen under light emission while luciferase acts as catalyst to speed up thereaction 90% of deepsea organisms produce biol umi nescence 18.06.2012 12 Thomas Splietker Bioluminescence Firefly luciferin Firefly luciferase (4S) ‐2‐(6‐hyyydroxy‐1,3‐benzothiazol‐2‐yy)l)‐4,5‐ Structure of Photinus pyralis firefly luciferase dihydrothiazole‐4‐carboxylic acid 18.06.2012 13 Thomas Splietker Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) Is based on electrochemical (redox‐) reactions in solutions: • Electrochemically generated intermediates • Exergonic reaction produces an electronically excited state • Relaxation to a lower level state causes light emission Wavelength of of light corresponds to the energy gap between those states ECL is proved to be very useful in analytical applications 18.06.2012 14 Thomas Splietker Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) 18.06.2012 15 Thomas Splietker ECL detection of Biomolecules 18.06.2012 16 Thomas Splietker Conclusion & Outlook Only a small niche market: • No huge impact in the lighting industry, only small special applications • ECL seems not to be an alternative to OLEDs, relative low amount of papers published in last years • Very successful and growing market in Biomolecul detection, a lot of new papers showing interest in optimization of this technique 18.06.2012 17 Thomas Splietker References http://elements.vanderkrogt.net/element.php?sym=P http://www.unitednuclear.com/blood.htm http://fuckyeahforensics.tumblr.com/post/6699082754/luminol‐is‐used‐by‐forensic‐investigators‐to Eilhard Wiedemann, Ueber Fluorescenz und Phosphorescenz I. Abhandlung. Annalen der Physik, 270,446–463 (1888). doi: 10.1002/andp.18882700703 http://www.layoutsparks.com/1/228686/glowsticks‐multicolour‐variety‐image.html http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Cyalume‐reactions.svg/1000px‐Cyalume‐reactions.svg.png hhtt//ttp://www.wild ildbabout tbitibritain.co.uk/ k/itpictures/d /dt//ata/2/medi um/ 1g.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luciferase http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Firefly_luciferin.svg/500px‐Firefly_luciferin.svg.png http://www.meso‐scale.com/catalogsystemweb/webroot/images/technology/ecl_diagram.gif http://www.licor.com/bio/applications/odysseyFc_applications/images/westernBlottingIllo‐chemi.jpg 18.06.2012 18 Thomas Splietker Chem ilum ineszenz by Thomas Splietker.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Amplification of Oxidative Stress by a Dual Stimuli-Responsive Hybrid Drug
    ARTICLE Received 11 Jul 2014 | Accepted 12 Mar 2015 | Published 20 Apr 2015 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7907 Amplification of oxidative stress by a dual stimuli-responsive hybrid drug enhances cancer cell death Joungyoun Noh1, Byeongsu Kwon2, Eunji Han2, Minhyung Park2, Wonseok Yang2, Wooram Cho2, Wooyoung Yoo2, Gilson Khang1,2 & Dongwon Lee1,2 Cancer cells, compared with normal cells, are under oxidative stress associated with the increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) including H2O2 and are also susceptible to further ROS insults. Cancer cells adapt to oxidative stress by upregulating antioxidant systems such as glutathione to counteract the damaging effects of ROS. Therefore, the elevation of oxidative stress preferentially in cancer cells by depleting glutathione or generating ROS is a logical therapeutic strategy for the development of anticancer drugs. Here we report a dual stimuli-responsive hybrid anticancer drug QCA, which can be activated by H2O2 and acidic pH to release glutathione-scavenging quinone methide and ROS-generating cinnamaldehyde, respectively, in cancer cells. Quinone methide and cinnamaldehyde act in a synergistic manner to amplify oxidative stress, leading to preferential killing of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We therefore anticipate that QCA has promising potential as an anticancer therapeutic agent. 1 Department of Polymer Á Nano Science and Technology, Polymer Fusion Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Backje-daero 567, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. 2 Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Chonbuk National University, Backje-daero 567, Jeonju 561-756, Korea. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to D.L. (email: [email protected]). NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 6:6907 | DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7907 | www.nature.com/naturecommunications 1 & 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited.
    [Show full text]
  • With Organic Oxalates Ching Ching (Chua) Ong Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1969 Part I. Gas phase pyrolysis of organic oxalates, Part II. Reactions of chromium(II) with organic oxalates Ching Ching (Chua) Ong Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Organic Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Ong, Ching Ching (Chua), "Part I. Gas phase pyrolysis of organic oxalates, Part II. Reactions of chromium(II) with organic oxalates" (1969). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 4679. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/4679 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 69-15,637 ONG, Ching Ching (Chua), 1941- PART I. GAS PHASE PYROLYSIS OF ORGANIC OXALATES. PART II. REACTIONS OF CHROMIUM (II) WITH ORGANIC OXALATES. Iowa State University, Ph.D., 1969 Chemistry, organic University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan PART I. GAS PHASE PYROLYSIS OF ORGANIC OXALATES PART II. REACTIONS OF CHROMIUM(II) WITH ORGANIC OXALATES by Ching Ching (Chua) Ong A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of Tîie Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major Subject: Organic Chemistry Approved: Signature was redacted for privacy. In Charge of Major Work Signature was redacted for privacy. Signature was redacted for privacy. Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 1969 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PART I.
    [Show full text]
  • Phd Thesis Aims at Developing Self-Reporting Systems Based on Chemiluminescence for Tracking of Bond Formation and Cleavage
    QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF SCIENCE SCHOOL OF CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Doctor of Philosophy Chemiluminescent Self-Reporting Macromolecular Transformation Fabian R. Bloesser MSc Chemistry 2021 “We scholars like to think science has all the answers, but in the end it’s just a bunch of unprovable nonsense.” Sorcerio, in Matt Groening’s Disenchantment, S1E3 Statement of Original Authorship The work contained in this thesis has not been previously submitted to meet require- ments for an award at this or any other higher education institution. To the best of my knowledge and belief, the thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made. 21 June 2021 QUT Verified Signature ...................................................................... (Fabian R. Bloesser) Abstract Self-reporting systems play a major role in the detection and localisation of damages and mechanical stress in materials, the formation and reversion of networks, the detection of drug release as well as the presence of toxins in cells. While a change in colour or fluorescence have been the detection mode of choice in the past, chemiluminescence (CL) systems have attracted increasing interest in the past years, as CL provides a high sensitivity, allows for real-time monitoring and quantification, and does usually not require sophisticated equipment. Therefore, the current study focuses on the development of self-reporting CL systems for
    [Show full text]
  • Preview from Notesale.Co.Uk Page 1 of 4
    Hannah Sheets Per. 6 CP Physical Science November 12 2015 Research Notes: Glow Sticks and Glow in the Dark Objects Glow Sticks: ➔ Snapping glow sticks kicks off chemical process that eventually leads to colored light ➔ 2 separate compartments with 2 separate chemical solutions ➔ Most glow sticks contain the solution diphenyl oxalate mixed along with dye of desired color ➔ Other solution = hydrogen peroxide ➔ ^ Contained in an inner glass cylinder ➔ Cylinder separates 2 solutions so they don’t react w/ each other ➔ When you break glass cylinder, 2 chemicals mix/react and create glow ➔ Diphenyl oxalate is oxidised by hydrogen peroxide which produces unstable compound 1,2­ dioxetanedione ➔ Unstableness leads to decomposing into carbon dioxide + releases energy ➔ Electrons in molecules of dye can absorb the energy given off by 1,2­ dioxetanedione, they then are in an “excited” state ➔ When electrons fall back to Previewtheir “ground state” (o rigfrominal energy) thNotesale.co.ukey lose their energy in form of photons of light ➔ ^ Process called chemiluminescencePage 1 of 4 ➔ Exact energy of light given off is dependent on structure of molecule + allows diff. colors to be exposed ➔ Range of diff. chemicals can be used as well as diff. types of dyes ➔ Molecules of dye are always present in solution ➔ Diphenyl oxalate + hydrogen peroxide slowly used up by reaction until 1 runs out and reaction ceases ➔ ^ At this point glow stick stops glowing ➔ Glow sticks should not be cut open ➔ Reaction of 2 solutions can produce small amounts of phenol as a byproduct ➔ Skin contact can result in irritation or dermatitis (red, swollen, sore, blistering skin) ➔ Reactions influenced by temperature­ Warm temp.
    [Show full text]
  • Career: Environmental Chemist the Chemistry of Bioluminescence
    Career: Environmental Chemist The Chemistry of Bioluminescence “I’ve always been interested in living things, and as I learned ​ more and more about the complexities of cells, I knew that I wanted to study the lives of cells as a career. Understanding how a single cell functions, and how cells interact with each other can help us understand entire organisms. In my research, I explore gene and protein functions and what effects those genes and proteins have on cell processes and health. Usually, this isn’t something that you can see with your own eyes since proteins are so small. Bioluminescence is special since it is a protein interaction that we can observe without the help of microscopes, making it more tangible. In the lab, lots of things go wrong, and solving problems is the only way to move ahead on a project. It took time for me to learn to be more patient and stick with a problem even when I am frustrated. Problem-solving helps me be a better scientist in the lab, but also helps in everyday life! Knowing how cells operate helps me appreciate the beauty and complexities of organisms even more.” Amber Hale, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, McNeese State University, Louisiana Science Communication Fellow in the Corps of Exploration Career Connection Activity Background and Brainstorming Read the introduction to bioluminescence (bi-o-lu-mi-nes-cence) and answer the ​ ​ following questions with a partner! 1. Describe what bioluminescence means in your own words. ​ ​ 2. Have you seen any bioluminescent creatures? Name at least three creatures that make their own light helping them in their environment.
    [Show full text]
  • 有限公司 Photochemicals
    ® 伊域化學藥業（香港）有限公司 YICK-VIC CHEMICALS & PHARMACEUTICALS (HK) LTD Rm 1006, 10/F, Hewlett Centre, Tel: (852) 25412772 (4 lines) No. 52-54, Hoi Yuen Road, Fax: (852) 25423444 / 25420530 / 21912858 Kwun Tong, E-mail: [email protected] YICK -VIC 伊域 Kowloon, Hong Kong. Site: http://www.yickvic.com Photochemicals Product Code CAS Product Name SPI-1588B 2724-66-5 (2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENYL)HYDRAZINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE SPI-5461C 13402-96-5 (2,4-DI-TERT-PENTYLPHENOXY)ACETIC ACID CC-3550RA 725251-25-2 (2,4-PENTANEDIONATO-KO,KO')BIS[2-(1-PHENYL-1H-BENZIMIDAZOL-2-YL-KN3)PHENYL-KC]IRIDIUM CC-3550UA 337526-88-2 (OC-6-33)-BIS[2-(2-BENZOTHIAZOLYL-KN3)PHENYL-KC](2,4-PENTANEDIONATO-KO,KO')IRIDIUM CC-3550FA 664374-03-2 (OC-6-33)-BIS[3,5-DIFLUORO-2-(2-PYRIDINYL-KN)PHENYL-KC][TETRAKIS(1H-PYRAZOLATO-KN1)BORATO(1-)-KN2,KN2']IRIDIUM PH-0884AG 5543-57-7 (S)-(-)-WARFARIN DYE-1408 26201-32-1 (SP-5-12)-OXO[29H,31H-PHTHALOCYANINATO(2-)-KAPPAN29,KAPPAN30,KAPPAN31,KAPPAN32]TITANIUM SPI-0228DC 355-02-2 (TRIFLUOROMETHYL)UNDECAFLUOROCYCLOHEXANE SPI-0229JN 1652-63-7 [3-((((HEPTADECAFLUOROOCTYL)SULFONYL)AMINO)PROPY)]TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM IODIDE (FC-134) MIS-29489 850221-63-5 [3,5-DI(9H-CARBAZOL-9-YL)PHENYL]TRIPHENYLSILANE SPI-3163DE 40567-18-8 1-(2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENYL)-3-(3-AMINOBENZAMIDO)-5-PYRAZOLONE SPI-3163DC 63134-25-8 1-(2',4',6'-TRICHLOROPHENYL)-3-(3-NITROBENZAMIDO)-5-PYRAZOLONE SPI-5461N 150779-67-2 1-(2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENYL)-3-(5-TETRADECANAMIDO-2-CHLOROANILINO)-4-[2-[ALPHA-(2,4-DI-TERT-PENTYLPHENOXY)BUTYRA MIDO]PHENYLTHIO]-5-PYRAZOLONE SPI-3163BC 30818-17-8 1-(4-NITROPHENYL)-3-PYRROLIDINO-2-PYRAZOLIN-5-ONE CC-3171FE 94576-68-8 1-(BIPHENYL-4-YL)-2-METHYL-2-MORPHOLINOPROPAN-1-ONE Copyright © 2017 YICK-VIC CHEMICALS & PHARMACEUTICALS (HK) LTD.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of the Thermal Decomposition of Esters of Oxalic Acid
    A STUDY OF THE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION OF ESTERS OF OXALIC ACID A STUDY 01<' 'l'HE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION nF ESTERS OF OXALIC ACID by DAVID MICHAEL SINGLETON, B.Sc. A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy McMaster University July 1q65 DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (1965) McMASTER UNIVERSITY (Chemistry) Hamilton, Ontario TITI,E: A Study of the Thermal Decomposition of Esters of Oxalic Acid AUTHOR: David Michael Sinr;Jeton, B.Sc. (London) SUPERVISOR: Dr. J. Warkentin NUMBER OF PAGES: 103, vii SCOPE AND CONTENTS: This work was initinted with a view to eJucidating the hitherto little-studied thermolysis of esters of oxalic acid. A number of symmetrical diesters were synthesized and several were investignted thoroughly by use of product studies, kinetic methods and kinetic isotope-effect measurements. Both preparative and pyrolytic procedures and results are recorded. The literature regarding previous studies of the effect of heat on oxalate esters is surveyed, and a review of the principles and uses of the investigative methods employed is presented. The results are discussed in the light of more recent work and both genernl and specific mechanisms for oxalate thermolysis are suggested. Acknowledgements The author wishes to express his rleepest thanks to Dr. J. Warkentin for his continued advice and encouragement throughout this work, without which the task could not have been completed. Great assistance was rendered by Mr. R. P.alme and Mr. C. Schonfeld, who produced intricate apparatus and performed repairs, often at extremely short notice. The gratitude of the author is expressed to Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Preparation of Diphenyl Oxalate from Transesterification of Dimethyl Oxalate with Phenol Over TS-1 Catalyst
    http://www.paper.edu.cn Chinese Chemical Letters Vol. 14, No. 5, pp 461 – 464, 2003 461 http://www.imm.ac.cn/journal/ccl.html Preparation of Diphenyl Oxalate from Transesterification of Dimethyl Oxalate with Phenol over TS-1 Catalyst Xin Bin MA∗, Sheng Ping WANG, Hong Li GUO, Gen Hui XU State Key Laboratory of C1 Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072 Abstract: Diphenyl oxalate was synthesized from transesterification of dimethyl oxalate with phenol over TS-1 ( 2.5 wt% Ti ) catalyst. TS-1 catalyst, as a heterogeneous catalyst, showed excellent selectivity of diphenyl oxalate and methylphenyl oxalate compared with other homogeneous catalysts. Lewis acid sites on TS-1 catalyst were the active sites for transesterification of dimethyl oxalate with phenol. The high selectivity was closely related to the weak acid sites over TS-1. Keywords: Diphenyl oxalate, transesterification, dimethyl oxalate, weak acid sites, TS-1. Polycarbonates (PCs) are excellent engineering thermoplastics and substitutes for metals and glass because of their good impact strength and transparency1. In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for safer and environmentally friendly processes for PCs synthesis. Non-phosgene processes have been proposed to replace the traditional phosgene process2. One such process included the synthesis of diphenyl carbonate (DPC) followed by the transesterification between DPC and bisphenol A. Several alternative non-phosgene methods for DPC synthesis have been proposed. Among them, transesterification of dimethyl oxalate (DMO) with phenol is conducted following the step of transesterification of DMO with phenol to prepare diphenyl oxalate (DPO) and decarbonylation of DPO to DPC.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Analysis
    Chemical Analysis Modern Instrumentation Methods and Techniques Second Edition Francis Rouessac and Annick Rouessac University of Le Mans, France Translated by Francis and Annick Rouessac and Steve Brooks Chemical Analysis Second Edition Chemical Analysis Modern Instrumentation Methods and Techniques Second Edition Francis Rouessac and Annick Rouessac University of Le Mans, France Translated by Francis and Annick Rouessac and Steve Brooks English language translation copyright © 2007 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England Telephone (+44) 1243 779777 Email (for orders and customer service enquiries): [email protected] Visit our Home Page on www.wiley.com Translated into English by Francis and Annick Rouessac and Steve Brooks First Published in French © 1992 Masson 2nd Edition © 1994 Masson 3rd Edition © 1997 Masson 4th Edition © 1998 Dunod 5th Edition © 2000 Dunod 6th Edition © 2004 Dunod This work has been published with the help of the French Ministère de la Culture-Centre National du Livre All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP, UK, without the permission in writing of the Publisher. Requests to the Publisher should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England, or emailed to [email protected], or faxed to (+44) 1243 770571.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey and Health Assessment of Glow Sticks
    Survey and health assessment of glow sticks Survey of chemical substances in consumer products No. 122, 2013 Title: Editing: Survey and health assessment of glow sticks Danish Technological Institute Eva Jacobsen Kathe Tønning Lone F. Poulsen Niels Elmegaard Published by: The Danish Environmental Protection Agency Strandgade 29 DK-1401 Copenhagen K Denmark www.mst.dk Year: ISBN no. 2013 978-87-93026-41-4 Disclaimer: When the occasion arises, the Danish Environmental Protection Agency will publish reports and papers concerning research and development projects within the environmental sector, financed by study grants provided by the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. It should be noted that such publications do not necessarily reflect the position or opinion of the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. However, publication does indicate that, in the opinion of the Danish Environmental Protection Agency, the content represents an important contribution to the debate surrounding Danish environmental policy. Sources must be acknowledged. 2 Survey and health assessment of glow sticks Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................. 5 Conclusion and Summary .......................................................................................... 6 Konklusion og sammenfatning .................................................................................. 9 1. Background .....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Enthalpies of Sublimation of Organic and Organometallic Compounds
    Enthalpies of Sublimation of Organic and Organometallic Compounds. 1910–2001 James S. Chickosa… Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri 63121 William E. Acree, Jr.b… Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 ͑Received 22 October 2001; accepted 11 February 2002; published 7 June 2002͒ A compendium of sublimation enthalpies, published within the period 1910–2001 ͑over 1200 references͒, is reported. A brief review of the temperature adjustments for the sublimation enthalpies from the temperature of measurement to the standard reference temperature, 298.15 K, is included, as are recently suggested values for several reference materials. Sublimation enthalpies are included for organic, organometallic, and a few inorganic compounds. © 2002 American Institute of Physics. Key words: compendium; enthalpies of condensation; evaporation; organic compounds; organometallic compounds; sublimation; sublimation enthalpy. Contents enthalpies to 298.15 K....................... 538 2. A hypothetical molecule illustrating the different hydrocarbon groups in estimating Cp........... 541 1. Introduction................................ 537 2. Heat Capacity Adjustments. ................. 538 3. Group Additivity Values for C (298.15 K) 1. Introduction pc Estimations................................ 539 Sublimation enthalpies are important thermodynamic 4. Reference Materials for Sublimation Enthalpy properties of the condensed phase. Frequently they are used Measurements.............................
    [Show full text]
  • Chemistry and Health
    CHEMISTRY AND HEALTH May 17 - 21, 2008 www.marmacs.org On behalf of the organizing committee and the New York local section of the ACS, we are pleased to welcome you to the 40th Middle Atlantic Regional Meeting, MARM 2008. The theme of this meeting is Chemistry and Health, reflecting the importance and impact of the health sciences in the region. This theme is visited throughout the program in several exciting special topics sessions and symposia series, and all fundamental areas of chemistry are strongly represented. Our Program Co-Chairs, Jack Norton and John Sowa, have assembled a program of over 600 abstracts across nearly 60 symposia and poster sessions that feature top national and international speakers. Ronald Breslow and Roald Hoffmann, our keynote speakers, make their addresses after the afternoon program on Sunday and Monday, respectively. Barbecue dinners follow each night and are held nearby the evening poster sessions. We hope you will meet friends and colleagues, old and new, during these events! There is an extensive program for students, which begins on Saturday with the 56th NY- ACS Undergraduate Research Symposium. Workshops in leadership and career related topics follow throughout the meeting, and student research is incorporated into all technical poster sessions for a unique opportunity to network with potential mentors and employers. There are activities for chemical educators of all backgrounds, including the NSF-sponsored POGIL workshop, plus sessions on innovative curriculum materials and instructional strategies. Two of the highly popular ACS Leadership Development workshops are also offered, along with two workshops for chemical entrepreneurs from the ACS Division of Small Chemical Businesses.
    [Show full text]