Healing Healing Spaces • Altaf Engineer, Esther • Altaf Engineer, M. Sternberg and Aletheia Ida Healing Spaces Designing Physical Environments to Optimize Health, Wellbeing and Performance Edited by Altaf Engineer, Esther M. Sternberg and Aletheia Ida Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph Healing Spaces Healing Spaces Designing Physical Environments to Optimize Health, Wellbeing and Performance Special Issue Editors Altaf Engineer Esther M. Sternberg Aletheia Ida MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Manchester • Tokyo • Cluj • Tianjin Special Issue Editors Altaf Engineer Esther M. Sternberg Aletheia Ida University of Arizona University of Arizona University of Arizona USA USA USA Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601) (available at: https: //www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph/special issues/healing spaces). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03936-376-6 (Hbk) ISBN 978-3-03936-377-3 (PDF) Cover image courtesy of Esther M. Sternberg. c 2020 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Special Issue Editors ..................................... vii Altaf Engineer, Aletheia Ida and Esther M. Sternberg Healing Spaces: Designing Physical Environments to Optimize Health, Wellbeing, and Performance Reprinted from: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 1155, doi:10.3390/ijerph17041155 . 1 Paul Devos, Francesco Aletta, Pieter Thomas, Mirko Petrovic, Tara Vander Mynsbrugge, Dominique Van de Velde, Patricia De Vriendt and Dick Botteldooren Designing Supportive Soundscapes for Nursing Home Residents with Dementia Reprinted from: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4904, doi:10.3390/ijerph16244904 . 5 Mardelle Shepley, Naomi Sachs, Hessam Sadatsafavi, Christine Fournier and Kati Peditto The Impact of Green Space on Violent Crime in Urban Environments: An Evidence Synthesis Reprinted from: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 5119, doi:10.3390/ijerph16245119 . 21 Norimasa Takayama, Takeshi Morikawa and Ernest Bielinis Relation between Psychological Restorativeness and Lifestyle, Quality of Life, Resilience, and Stress-Coping in Forest Settings Reprinted from: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 1456, doi:10.3390/ijerph16081456 . 41 Jien-Wen Chien, Ya-Ru Yang, Szu-Ying Chen, Yu-Jun Chang and Chang-Chuan Chan Urban Open Space Is Associated with Better Renal Function of Adult Residents in New Taipei City Reprinted from: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2436, doi:10.3390/ijerph16132436 . 63 Javier Molina-Garc´ıa, Cristina Menescardi, Isaac Estevan, Vladimir Mart´ınez-Bello and Ana Queralt Neighborhood Built Environment and Socioeconomic Status are Associated with Active Commuting and Sedentary Behavior, but not with Leisure-Time Physical Activity, in University Students Reprinted from: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 3176, doi:10.3390/ijerph16173176 . 77 Elena Plans, Pedro Gull´on, Alba Cebrecos, Mario Font´an, Julia D´ıez, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen and Manuel Franco Density of Green Spaces and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the City of Madrid: The Heart Healthy Hoods Study Reprinted from: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4918, doi:10.3390/ijerph16244918 . 89 Bingyang Lyu, Chengcheng Zeng, Shouhong Xie, Di Li, Wei Lin, Nian Li, Mingyan Jiang, Shiliang Liu and Qibing Chen Benefits of A Three-Day Bamboo Forest Therapy Session on the Psychophysiology and Immune System Responses of Male College Students Reprinted from: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4991, doi:10.3390/ijerph16244991 . 101 Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo, Angelia Sia, Anna Fogel and Roger Ho Can Exposure to Certain Urban Green Spaces Trigger Frontal Alpha Asymmetry in the Brain?—Preliminary Findings from a Passive Task EEG Study Reprinted from: Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 394, doi:10.3390/ijerph17020394 . 119 v About the Special Issue Editors Altaf Engineer, PhD, is an assistant professor at the School of Architecture and University of Arizona Institute on Place, Wellbeing and Performance (UA IPWP), an interdisciplinary institute at the University of Arizona that links together the expertise of the UA College of Medicine, Tucson, the Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine (AzCIM), and the UA College of Architecture, Planning and Landscape Architecture (CAPLA). He is also Chair of the Master of Science in Architecture—Health and Built Environment Program (MS Arch—HBE). Dr. Engineer completed a PhD in Architecture and a Master of Architecture at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he was an Illinois Distinguished Fellow for three years and was awarded the ARCC King’s Merit Medal for Excellence in Architectural + Environmental Behavior Research. He earned his Bachelor of Architecture from the University of Mumbai, India. He is a registered architect in New York, USA. He is also a LEED Accredited Professional, with ten plus years of experience in sustainable higher education buildings, institutional buildings, adaptive re-use and residential projects. Dr. Engineer received the 2018 Emerging Legacy Award from the College of Fine and Applied Arts, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. This award recognizes alumni and friends who have demonstrated courage, curiosity and passion in their work, and honors individuals who have impacted their fields in transformative ways—catalysts with a distinguished service to the arts. Dr. Engineer was nominated and selected after an internal review by a committee of representatives from across the University of Illinois FAA college, community and administration. Dr. Engineer’s scholarship, teaching and practice are informed by his interest in social, cultural and behavioral factors in design, with a special focus on daylighting, health and wellbeing. He is the first author of the book Shedding New Light On Art Museum Additions: Front Stage and Back Stage Experiences, published in 2018. Esther M. Sternberg, MD, is a professor of medicine and the Andrew Weil Chair for Research in Integrative Medicine at the University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson. She is also the Research Director of the Andrew Weil Center for Integrative Medicine and the Director of the UArizona Institute on Place, Wellbeing & Performance. A native of Canada, Dr. Sternberg earned her bachelor’s degree and medical doctorate from McGill University in Quebec, Canada, in 1972 and 1974, respectively. She completed both her residency in internal medicine and her fellowship in rheumatology at McGill University. Internationally recognized for her discoveries in the science of the mind–body interaction in illness and healing, Dr. Sternberg is a major force in collaborative initiatives on mind–body–stress–wellness and environment interrelationships. Her best-selling popular books, Healing Spaces: The Science of Place and Well-Being and The Balance Within: The Science Connecting Health and Emotions, are informative and scientifically based, and inspire doctors and lay persons alike to deal with the complexities and 21st century frontiers of stress, healing and wellness. Dr. Sternberg’s many honors include recognition by the National Library of Medicine as one of 300 women physicians who have changed the face of medicine, the Anita Roberts National Institutes of Health Distinguished Woman Scientist Lectureship, and an honorary doctorate in medicine from Trinity College, Dublin. Currently working as Research Director of the Andrew Weil Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Dr. Sternberg was previously Section Chief of Neuroendocrine Immunology and Behavior at the National Institute of Mental Health; Director of the Integrative Neural Immune Program, NIMH/NIH; and Co-Chair of the NIH Intramural Program on Research on Women’s Health. She has been featured vii in numerous radio and television programs, including PBS’s The New Medicine and Life Part II, NPR’s Speaking of Faith and, in 2009, with Emmy Award-winning Resolution Pictures, created and hosted a PBS special based on her books: The Science of Healing. Well known for her ability to translate complex scientific subjects for lay audiences, Sternberg has testified before Congress, advised the World Health Organization, and is a regular contributor to Science Magazine’s ”Books et al.” column. She is also a regular columnist for Arthritis Today. A dynamic speaker, recognized by her peers as a spokesperson for the field, Sternberg translates complex scientific subjects in a highly accessible manner, with a combination of academic credibility, passion for science and compassion as a physician. Dr. Sternberg lectures nationally and internationally to both lay and scientific