Graceful Speech
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Hogan--GracefulSpeech-REV 6/29/06 12:45 PM Page iii GRACEFUL SPEECH An Invitation to Preaching Lucy Lind Hogan Hogan--GracefulSpeech-REV 6/29/06 12:45 PM Page vii Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction xi Part One: Becoming a Preacher Chapter One Graceful Speech: Christian Communication 3 Chapter Two A Great Cloud of Witnesses 15 Chapter Three You the Preacher: Growing into the Preaching Life 31 Chapter Four The Virtuous Preacher: Even in “Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad” Weeks 51 Part Two: Crafting the Sermon Chapter Five Fish of Every Kind: Getting to Know Our Listeners 69 Chapter Six Where to Begin: Empty Pitchers and Living Water 87 Chapter Seven Detectives of the Divine 107 Chapter Eight The Sermon Journey 121 Part Three: Communicating the Gospel Chapter Nine Putting It Together 137 Chapter Ten Seasons and Festivals: Preaching Special Occasions 157 Chapter Eleven Open My Lips 173 Chapter Twelve Communicating the Gospel: Looking Forward 191 Epilogue Workers in the Field 205 Works Cited 207 vii Hogan--GracefulSpeech-REV 6/29/06 12:45 PM Page xi Introduction Each and every day, each and every hour, maybe each and every minute, some- where in God’s globe, the people whom God created and into whom God breathed the breath of life, gather to hear the good news of God’s saving love for them. They sing and shout praises to God and learn how to live in the fel- lowship that gives them a glimpse of the heavenly community that awaits them. And each and every day, every hour, perhaps every minute, whether we call it preaching, a homily, teaching, or proclamation, someone stands before a community declaring the good news. When I tell people what I do, I am often met with a puzzled look, followed by the question, “Can you teach people how to preach?” To which I joyfully respond, “Of course!” Preaching is, to quote Thomas Edison, an intriguing mixture of inspiration and perspiration. Preachers are called by God and inspired by the Holy Spirit. But preaching is also a practice and art that can be studied and learned. Preach- ers are able to improve and grow in their preaching by listening to God and listening to skilled preachers and teachers. And so I offer this book to you, adding it to the marvelous collection of preaching textbooks that date back to the early history of the church, with the goal of strengthening the preaching of the church. As I began this project, I asked preachers what they thought should be included in a preaching textbook. What had they learned in their preaching classrooms that they used every day? What did they wish that they had learned in their preaching classes, but didn’t? What did they want to tell those who were just learning how to preach? Many of their comments and suggestions are woven into this book. I would like to single out one comment, however. xi Hogan--GracefulSpeech-REV 6/29/06 12:45 PM Page xii xii Introduction When I asked a friend what he wanted new preachers to know, his response was quick and certain: “Tell them that people are listening to what they say!” And I would agree. He is correct; people do listen. As I write this introduction I am celebrating the twenty-fourth anniversary of my ordination as a deacon in the Episcopal Church. At my ordination I was given a Bible and reminded that the book was “the sign of your authority to proclaim God’s Word.” But while I was in seminary I had begun to learn that people do listen. During the spring of my first year of field work, the Third Sunday of Lent, I was given the opportunity to preach at the principal service. You can imagine how thrilled I was when I looked at the readings assigned for that day, only to discover that they included Jesus’ warning that, “unless you repent, you will all perish,” just as those who had been killed by Pilate or by the collapsing tower of Siloam. I worked carefully, preparing my sermon. I was ready, but as I finished preaching and looked out at the faces in the congrega- tion, I realized that preaching was much more than my hard work and my study. Their silence told me something had happened that was far beyond my beginner’s ability. I had done my best, but God had taken my message to a depth I would never have thought possible. I learned that the people were listening. They were hungry to hear the word of God. And I knew that what I had learned in my preaching classes had helped to make that moment possible. It is my goal in writing this book that you will learn how important you are in the preaching equation. I hope that you will begin a process of reflection and study that will help you to become the best preacher God would have you to be. To this task I bring many years of experience in the Episcopal Church. I bring the experience of being both welcomed and rejected as a servant of God. When I entered seminary in 1976, the Episcopal Church voted to ordain women as priests. But while the first regularly ordained women were ordained in 1979, acceptance is taking a great deal longer. Over the years I have had the privilege of getting to know and preach before many congregations. They have taught me what it means to be a preacher. You will find my sacramental background woven through this book. I bring experience as a teacher. Since 1987 I have taught preaching at Wes- ley Theological Seminary in Washington, D.C. I write, therefore, out of an experience of teaching at a school that, although it is a United Methodist sem- inary, has a wonderfully diverse student body. I teach students of all racial and ethnic backgrounds, of a wide denominational background, students who will be serving both inner-city parishes and small, rural churches. You will find my ecumenical experience also woven through this book. And finally, you will find that this book reflects my background as a rhetorical scholar. I did my PhD work in rhetoric and communications and Hogan--GracefulSpeech-REV 6/29/06 12:45 PM Page xiii Introduction xiii have sought to bring that scholarly conversation to bear on my homiletical investigation. In the chapters that follow I invite you into an exploration of what it means to be a preacher, who God is calling us to be, and how we can be the best preacher possible. The first part of the book, chapters 1–4, is devoted to the issues that provide a foundation for us as preachers. Chapter 1 examines a theological understanding that I believe informs who we are and what we do. Chapter 2 takes a historical approach to questions that continue to be crucial in the preaching enterprise. Chapters 3 and 4 examine your role and identity as a preacher. In the second part of the book we turn our attention to the development of the sermon. Chapter 5 explores the identity and role of the listener in the preaching moment. Chapter 6 explores the preacher’s approach to Bible study. Chapter 7 examines the other resources available to preachers in the preparation of their sermon. Chapter 8 discusses the form and arrangement of the sermon. The final section of the book invites you to examine more effective ways to turn a written text into a sermon, the oral event of communicating the gospel. Chapter 9 focuses on language and illustration. In Chapter 10, we look at preaching for special occasions. Chapter 11 is devoted to the delivery and per- formance of the sermon. And in the final chapter I ask you to dream with me: Where is preaching going, and where should preaching be going in the future? You have been given a wonderful gift in your call to preach. It is my hope that this book will help you as you learn to live into that gift. Silver Spring, Maryland The Feast of Ss. Peter and Paul Hogan--GracefulSpeech-REV 6/29/06 12:45 PM Page 1 PART 1 Becoming a Preacher Hogan--GracefulSpeech-REV 6/29/06 12:45 PM Page 3 1 Graceful Speech: Christian Communication All spoke well of [Jesus] and were amazed at the gracious words that came from his mouth. Luke 4:22 The moment comes when our eyes are opened, and we see and realize that grace is infinite. Grace, my friends, demands nothing from us but that we shall await it with confidence and acknowledge it with gratitude. Isak Dinesen, Babette’s Feast My heart overflows with a goodly theme; . my tongue is like the pen of a ready scribe. grace is poured upon your lips; therefore God has blessed you forever. Psalm 45:1–2 When people encounter the living God, they can’t keep silent. The Scriptures are filled with the stories of those who met the living God, those whose eyes were opened and who realized that God’s infinite grace poured over them. Likewise, the Scriptures are also filled with the words spoken by those grate- ful people and the songs they sang following those awe-filled moments. Moses could not remain silent after turning aside and standing before the bush that burned but was not consumed. Filled with the grace of God, he stood in Pharaoh’s court demanding the freedom of his people. Miriam saw the gra- cious love of God in the wind that drove back the sea, freeing the children of 3 Hogan--GracefulSpeech-REV 6/29/06 12:45 PM Page 4 4 Graceful Speech Israel.