Holography Vs. Resummed Field Theory. a Comparative Study
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Light-Front Holography
Light-Front Holography Guy F. de Teramond´ University of Costa Rica In Collaboration with Stan Brodsky 2009 JLab Users Group Meeting Jefferson Lab, June 8-10, 2009 GdT and Brodsky, PRL 102, 081601 (2009) 2009 JLab Users Group Meeting, June 8, 2009 Page 1 Outline 1. Introduction 2. Light-Front Dynamics Light-Front Fock Representation 3. Semiclassical Approximation to QCD Hard-Wall Model Holographic Mapping 4. Higher-Spin Bosonic Modes Hard-Wall Model Soft-Wall Model 5. Higher-Spin Fermionic Modes Hard-Wall Model Soft-Wall Model 6. Other Applications of Gauge/Gravity Duality 2009 JLab Users Group Meeting, June 8, 2009 Page 2 1 Introduction • Most challenging problem of strong interaction dynamics: determine the composition of hadrons in terms of their fundamental QCD quark and gluon degrees of freedom • Recent developments inspired by the AdS/CFT correspondence [Maldacena (1998)] between string states in AdS space and conformal field theories in physical space-time have led to analytical insights into the confining dynamics of QCD • Description of strongly coupled gauge theory using a dual gravity description! • Strings describe spin-J extended objects (no quarks). QCD degrees of freedom are pointlike particles and hadrons have orbital angular momentum: how can they be related? • Light-front (LF) quantization is the ideal framework to describe hadronic structure in terms of quarks and gluons: simple vacuum structure allows unambiguous definition of the partonic content of a hadron, exact formulae for form factors, physics of angular momentum of constituents ... µ 2 • Frame-independent LF Hamiltonian equation PµP jP i = M jP i similar structure of AdS EOM • First semiclassical approximation to the bound-state LF Hamiltonian equation in QCD is equivalent to equations of motion in AdS and can be systematically improved 2009 JLab Users Group Meeting, June 8, 2009 Page 3 2 Light Front Dynamics • Different possibilities to parametrize space-time [Dirac (1949)] • Parametrizations differ by the hypersurface on which the initial conditions are specified. -
Off-Shell Interactions for Closed-String Tachyons
Preprint typeset in JHEP style - PAPER VERSION hep-th/0403238 KIAS-P04017 SLAC-PUB-10384 SU-ITP-04-11 TIFR-04-04 Off-Shell Interactions for Closed-String Tachyons Atish Dabholkarb,c,d, Ashik Iqubald and Joris Raeymaekersa aSchool of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, 207-43, Cheongryangri-Dong, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 130-722, Korea bStanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA cInstitute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA dDepartment of Theoretical Physics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, India E-mail:[email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract: Off-shell interactions for localized closed-string tachyons in C/ZN super- string backgrounds are analyzed and a conjecture for the effective height of the tachyon potential is elaborated. At large N, some of the relevant tachyons are nearly massless and their interactions can be deduced from the S-matrix. The cubic interactions be- tween these tachyons and the massless fields are computed in a closed form using orbifold CFT techniques. The cubic interaction between nearly-massless tachyons with different charges is shown to vanish and thus condensation of one tachyon does not source the others. It is shown that to leading order in N, the quartic contact in- teraction vanishes and the massless exchanges completely account for the four point scattering amplitude. This indicates that it is necessary to go beyond quartic inter- actions or to include other fields to test the conjecture for the height of the tachyon potential. Keywords: closed-string tachyons, orbifolds. -
Meson Spectra from a Dynamical Three-Field Model of Ads/QCD
Meson Spectra from a Dynamical Three-Field Model of AdS/QCD A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Sean Peter Bartz IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Joseph I. Kapusta, Adviser August, 2014 c Sean Peter Bartz 2014 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Acknowledgements There are many people who have earned my gratitude for their contribution to mytime in graduate school. First, I would like to thank my adviser, Joe Kapusta, for giving me the opportunity to begin my research career, and for guiding my research during my time at Minnesota. I would also like to thank Tom Kelley, who helped guide me through the beginnings of my research and helped me understand the basics of the AdS/CFT correspondence. My graduate school experience was shaped by my participation in the Department of Energy Office of Science Graduate Fellowship for three years. The research support for travel made my graduate career a great experience, and the camaraderie with the other fellows was also fulfilling. I would like to thank Dr. Ping Ge, Cayla Stephenson, Igrid Gregory, and everyone else who made the DOE SCGF program a fulfilling, eye-opening experience. Finally, I would like to thank the members of my thesis defense committee: Ron Poling, Tony Gherghetta, and Tom Jones. This research is supported by the Department of Energy Office of Science Graduate Fellowship Program (DOE SCGF), made possible in part by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, administered by ORISE-ORAU under contract no. -
Arxiv:2012.15102V2 [Hep-Ph] 13 May 2021 T > Tc
Confinement of Fermions in Tachyon Matter at Finite Temperature Adamu Issifu,1, ∗ Julio C.M. Rocha,1, y and Francisco A. Brito1, 2, z 1Departamento de F´ısica, Universidade Federal da Para´ıba, Caixa Postal 5008, 58051-970 Jo~aoPessoa, Para´ıba, Brazil 2Departamento de F´ısica, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande Caixa Postal 10071, 58429-900 Campina Grande, Para´ıba, Brazil We study a phenomenological model that mimics the characteristics of QCD theory at finite temperature. The model involves fermions coupled with a modified Abelian gauge field in a tachyon matter. It reproduces some important QCD features such as, confinement, deconfinement, chiral symmetry and quark-gluon-plasma (QGP) phase transitions. The study may shed light on both light and heavy quark potentials and their string tensions. Flux-tube and Cornell potentials are developed depending on the regime under consideration. Other confining properties such as scalar glueball mass, gluon mass, glueball-meson mixing states, gluon and chiral condensates are exploited as well. The study is focused on two possible regimes, the ultraviolet (UV) and the infrared (IR) regimes. I. INTRODUCTION Confinement of heavy quark states QQ¯ is an important subject in both theoretical and experimental study of high temperature QCD matter and quark-gluon-plasma phase (QGP) [1]. The production of heavy quarkonia such as the fundamental state ofcc ¯ in the Relativistic Heavy Iron Collider (RHIC) [2] and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [3] provides basics for the study of QGP. Lattice QCD simulations of quarkonium at finite temperature indicates that J= may persists even at T = 1:5Tc [4] i.e. -
Supersymmetric and Conformal Features of Hadron Physics
Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 16 October 2018 doi:10.20944/preprints201810.0364.v1 Peer-reviewed version available at Universe 2018, 4, 120; doi:10.3390/universe4110120 Supersymmetric and Conformal Features of Hadron Physics Stanley J. Brodsky1;a 1SLAC National Accelerator Center, Stanford University Stanford, California Abstract. The QCD Lagrangian is based on quark and gluonic fields – not squarks nor gluinos. However, one can show that its hadronic eigensolutions conform to a repre- sentation of superconformal algebra, reflecting the underlying conformal symmetry of chiral QCD. The eigensolutions of superconformal algebra provide a unified Regge spec- troscopy of meson, baryon, and tetraquarks of the same parity and twist as equal-mass members of the same 4-plet representation with a universal Regge slope. The predictions from light-front holography and superconformal algebra can also be extended to mesons, baryons, and tetraquarks with strange, charm and bottom quarks. The pion qq¯ eigenstate has zero mass for mq = 0: A key tool is the remarkable observation of de Alfaro, Fubini, and Furlan (dAFF) which shows how a mass scale can appear in the Hamiltonian and the equations of motion while retaining the conformal symmetry of the action. When one applies the dAFF procedure to chiral QCD, a mass scale κ appears which determines universal Regge slopes, hadron masses in the absence of the Higgs coupling. One also 2 −Q2=4κ2 predicts the form of the nonperturbative QCD running coupling: αs(Q ) / e , in agreement with the effective charge determined from measurements of the Bjorken sum rule. One also obtains viable predictions for spacelike and timelike hadronic form factors, structure functions, distribution amplitudes, and transverse momentum distributions. -
Vacuum As a Physical Medium
cu - TP - 626 / EERNIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I.12RI=IR1I;s. QI.; 621426 VACUUM AS A PHYSICAL MEDIUM (RELATIVISTIC HEAVY ION COLLISIONS AND THE BOLTZMANN EQUAT ION) T. D. LEE COLUMBIA UNIvERsI1Y, New Y0RI<, N.Y. 10027 A LECTURE GIVEN AT THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM IN HONOUR OF BOLTZMANN'S 1 50TH BIRTHDAY, FEBRUARY 1994. THIS RESEARCH WAS SUPPORTED IN PART BY THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY. OCR Output OCR OutputVACUUM AS A PHYSICAL MEDIUM (Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions and the Boltzmann Equation) T. D. Lee Columbia University, New York, N.Y. 10027 It is indeed a privilege for me to attend this international symposium in honor of Boltzmann's 150th birthday. ln this lecture, I would like to cover the following topics: 1) Symmetries and Asymmetries: Parity P (right—left symmetry) Charge conjugation C (particle-antiparticle symmetry) Time reversal T Their violations and CPT symmetry. 2) Two Puzzles of Modern Physics: Missing symmetry Vacuum as a physical medium Unseen quarks. 3) Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions (RHIC): How to excite the vacuum? Phase transition of the vacuum Hanbury-Brown-Twiss experiments. 4) Application of the Relativistic Boltzmann Equations: ARC model and its Lorentz invariance AGS experiments and physics in ultra-heavy nuclear density. OCR Output One of the underlying reasons for viewing the vacuum as a physical medium is the discovery of missing symmetries. I will begin with the nonconservation of parity, or the asymmetry between right and left. ln everyday life, right and left are obviously distinct from each other. Our hearts, for example, are usually not on the right side. The word right also means "correct,' right? The word sinister in its Latin root means "left"; in Italian, "left" is sinistra. -
Tachyons and the Preferred Frames
Tachyons and the preferred frames∗ Jakub Rembieli´nski† Katedra Fizyki Teoretycznej, UniwersytetL´odzki ul. Pomorska 149/153, 90–236L´od´z, Poland Abstract Quantum field theory of space-like particles is investigated in the framework of absolute causality scheme preserving Lorentz symmetry. It is related to an appropriate choice of the synchronization procedure (defi- nition of time). In this formulation existence of field excitations (tachyons) distinguishes an inertial frame (privileged frame of reference) via sponta- neous breaking of the so called synchronization group. In this scheme relativity principle is broken but Lorentz symmetry is exactly preserved in agreement with local properties of the observed world. It is shown that tachyons are associated with unitary orbits of Poincar´emappings induced from SO(2) little group instead of SO(2, 1) one. Therefore the corresponding elementary states are labelled by helicity. The cases of the ± 1 helicity λ = 0 and λ = 2 are investigated in detail and a correspond- ing consistent field theory is proposed. In particular, it is shown that the Dirac-like equation proposed by Chodos et al. [1], inconsistent in the standard formulation of QFT, can be consistently quantized in the pre- sented framework. This allows us to treat more seriously possibility that neutrinos might be fermionic tachyons as it is suggested by experimental data about neutrino masses [2, 3, 4]. arXiv:hep-th/9607232v2 1 Aug 1996 1 Introduction Almost all recent experiments, measuring directly or indirectly the electron and muon neutrino masses, have yielded negative values for the mass square1 [2, 3, 4]. It suggests that these particles might be fermionic tachyons. -
Arxiv:1202.1557V1
The Heisenberg-Euler Effective Action: 75 years on ∗ Gerald V. Dunne Physics Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3046, USA On this 75th anniversary of the publication of the Heisenberg-Euler paper on the full non- perturbative one-loop effective action for quantum electrodynamics I review their paper and discuss some of the impact it has had on quantum field theory. I. HISTORICAL CONTEXT After the 1928 publication of Dirac’s work on his relativistic theory of the electron [1], Heisenberg immediately appreciated the significance of the new ”hole theory” picture of the quantum vacuum of quantum electrodynamics (QED). Following some confusion, in 1931 Dirac associated the holes with positively charged electrons [2]: A hole, if there were one, would be a new kind of particle, unknown to experimental physics, having the same mass and opposite charge to an electron. With the discovery of the positron in 1932, soon thereafter [but, interestingly, not immediately [3]], Dirac proposed at the 1933 Solvay Conference that the negative energy solutions [holes] should be identified with the positron [4]: Any state of negative energy which is not occupied represents a lack of uniformity and this must be shown by observation as a kind of hole. It is possible to assume that the positrons are these holes. Positron theory and QED was born, and Heisenberg began investigating positron theory in earnest, publishing two fundamental papers in 1934, formalizing the treatment of the quantum fluctuations inherent in this Dirac sea picture of the QED vacuum [5, 6]. It was soon realized that these quantum fluctuations would lead to quantum nonlinearities [6]: Halpern and Debye have already independently drawn attention to the fact that the Dirac theory of the positron leads to the scattering of light by light, even when the energy of the photons is not sufficient to create pairs. -
Simple Model for the QCD Vacuum
A1110? 31045(3 NBSIR 83-2759 Simple Model for the QCD Vacuum U S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Bureau of Standards Center for Radiation Research Washington, DC 20234 Centre d'Etudes de Bruyeres-le-Chatel 92542 Montrouge CEDEX, France July 1983 U S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANOAROS - - - i rx. NBSIR 83-2759 SIMPLE MODEL FOR THE QCD VACUUM m3 C 5- Michael Danos U S DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Bureau of Standards Center for Radiation Research Washington, DC 20234 Daniel Gogny and Daniel Irakane Centre d'Etudes de Bruyeres-le-Chatel 92542 Montrouge CEDEX, France July 1983 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS, Ernest Ambler, Director SIMPLE MODEL FOR THE QCD VACUUM Michael Danos, Nastional Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. 20234, USA and Daniel Gogny and Daniel Irakane Centre d' Etudes de Bruyeres-le-Chatel , 92542 Montrouge CEDEX, France Abstract B.v treating the high-momentum gluon and the quark sector as an in principle calculable effective Lagrangian we obtain a non-perturbati ve vacuum state for OCD as an infrdred gluon condensate. This vacuum is removed from the perturbative vacuum by an energy gap and supports a Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect. It is unstable below a minimum size and it also suggests the existence of a universal hadroni zation time. This vacuum thus exhibits all the properties required for color confinement. I. Introduction By now it is widely believed that the confinement in QCD, in analogy with superconductivity, results from the existence of a physical vacuum which is removed from the remainder of the spectrum by an energy density gap and which exhibits a Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect. -
Vacuum Energy
Vacuum Energy Mark D. Roberts, 117 Queen’s Road, Wimbledon, London SW19 8NS, Email:[email protected] http://cosmology.mth.uct.ac.za/ roberts ∼ February 1, 2008 Eprint: hep-th/0012062 Comments: A comprehensive review of Vacuum Energy, which is an extended version of a poster presented at L¨uderitz (2000). This is not a review of the cosmolog- ical constant per se, but rather vacuum energy in general, my approach to the cosmological constant is not standard. Lots of very small changes and several additions for the second and third versions: constructive feedback still welcome, but the next version will be sometime in coming due to my sporadiac internet access. First Version 153 pages, 368 references. Second Version 161 pages, 399 references. arXiv:hep-th/0012062v3 22 Jul 2001 Third Version 167 pages, 412 references. The 1999 PACS Physics and Astronomy Classification Scheme: http://publish.aps.org/eprint/gateway/pacslist 11.10.+x, 04.62.+v, 98.80.-k, 03.70.+k; The 2000 Mathematical Classification Scheme: http://www.ams.org/msc 81T20, 83E99, 81Q99, 83F05. 3 KEYPHRASES: Vacuum Energy, Inertial Mass, Principle of Equivalence. 1 Abstract There appears to be three, perhaps related, ways of approaching the nature of vacuum energy. The first is to say that it is just the lowest energy state of a given, usually quantum, system. The second is to equate vacuum energy with the Casimir energy. The third is to note that an energy difference from a complete vacuum might have some long range effect, typically this energy difference is interpreted as the cosmological constant. -
Quantum Optics Properties of QCD Vacuum
EPJ Web of Conferences 164, 07030 (2017) DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201716407030 ICNFP 2016 EPJ Web of Conferences will be set by the publisher DOI: will be set by the publisher c Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2016 Quantum Optics Properties of QCD Vacuum V. Kuvshinov1,a, V. Shaparau1,b, E. Bagashov1,c 1Joint Institute for Power and Nuclear Research - Sosny National Academy of Science of Belarus PO box 119, 220109 Minsk, BELARUS Abstract. Theoretical justification of the occurrence of multimode squeezed and entan- gled colour states in QCD is given. We show that gluon entangled states which are closely related with corresponding squeezed states can appear by the four-gluon self-interaction. Correlations for the collinear gluons are revealed two groups of the colour correlations which is significant at consider of the quark-antiquark pair productions. It is shown that the interaction of colour quark with the stochastic vacuum of QCD leads to the loss of information on the initial colour state of the particle, which gives a new perspective regarding the confinement of quarks phenomenon. The effect is demonstrated for a single particle and in the multiparticle case is proposed. Quantum characteristics (purity and von Neumann entropy) are used to analyse the pro- cess of interaction. 1 Introduction + Many experiments at e e−, pp¯, ep colliders are devoted to hadronic jet physics, since detailed studies of jets are important for better understanding and testing both perturbative and non-perturbative QCD and also for finding manifestations of new physics. Although the nature of jets is of a universal + character, e e−- annihilation stands out among hard processes, since jet events admit a straightforward and clear-cut separation in this process. -
Confinement and Screening in Tachyonic Matter
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Open Access Repository Eur. Phys. J. C (2014) 74:3202 DOI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-3202-y Regular Article - Theoretical Physics Confinement and screening in tachyonic matter F. A. Brito 1,a,M.L.F.Freire2, W. Serafim1,3 1 Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 58109-970 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil 2 Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 58109-753 Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil 3 Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 57072-970 Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil Received: 26 August 2014 / Accepted: 19 November 2014 © The Author(s) 2014. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract In this paper we consider confinement and way in which hadronic matter lives. In three spatial dimen- screening of the electric field. We study the behavior of sions this effect is represented by Coulomb and confinement a static electric field coupled to a dielectric function with potentials describing the potential between quark pairs. Nor- v ( ) =−a + the intent of obtaining an electrical confinement similar to mally the potential of Cornell [1], c r r br, is used, what happens with the field of gluons that bind quarks in where a and b are positive constants, and r is the distance hadronic matter. For this we use the phenomenon of ‘anti- between the heavy quarks. In QED (Quantum Electrodynam- screening’ in a medium with exotic dielectric. We show that ics), the effective electrical charge increases when the dis- tachyon matter behaves like in an exotic way whose associ- tance r between a pair of electron–anti-electron decreases.