gtö 2018 GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES GLOBAL - AND CONSERVATION CHALLENGES TROPICAL IN ECOLOGY CHALLENGES IN TROPICAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION - GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES https://soctropecol.eu/ ISBN 978-3-00-059300-0 © ErwanLEMAR/CNRS Photothéque AMICE © Thomas VIGNAUD/CNRS Photothéque VIGNAUD/CNRS © Thomas 1 IMPRINT Editors Pierre-Michel Forget – Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Catherine Reeb – Sorbonne Université Jérémy Migliore – Université Libre de Bruxelles Heike Kuhlmann – KCS Kuhlmann Convention Service Concept, Layout and Cover [email protected] This book is available at www.gtoe.de ISBN: 978-3-00-059300-0 The respective authors are solely responsible for the contents of their contributions in this book. Printed on 100% recycled paper Challenges in tropical ecology and conservation - global perspectives 2 3 LOCAL ORGANIZERS & SPONSORING INSTITUTIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS The organizing committee and the Society for Tropical Ecology would like to thank the Welcome and Foreword . .4 following institutions, partners and sponsors for their support: Society for Tropical Ecology (Gesellschaft für Tropenökologie e.V., gtö) . .8 Merian Awards . 9 Local organizers and institutions. 10 Detailed conference program . 16 Plenary sessions – Abstracts . 36 Public lecture . .42 Scientific talk sessions – Abstracts . 44 Session 01 – Tropical marine ecosystems in the Anthropocene . 46 Session 02 – Mangroves functioning and management . 54 Session 03 – Continental wetlands. 66 Session 04 – Savanna functioning and dynamics . 72 Session 05 – Diversification of African forests. 86 Session 06 – Acoustic survey in tropical ecosystems . 96 Session 07 – Advances in canopy science . 106 Session 08 – Tropical trees ecology and evolution . 114 Session 09 – Free session: Tropical diversity . .124 Session 10 – Tropical soil ecology . .140 Session 11 – Molecular taxonomy and cryptic species in soils . .146 Session 12 – Tropical molecular ecology . 152 Session 13 – Tropical tree allometry . 160 Session 14 – Tropical forest nutrient ecology . .168 Session 15 – Altitudinal gradient . .176 Session 16 – Ecology and taxonomy of tropical bryophytes. .186 Session 17 – Manipulations of tropical food webs . .198 Session 18 – Tropical networks . 206 Session 19 – Free session: Frugivores, seed dispersal and forest regeneration . .212 Session 20 – Tropical forests in space and time. .218 Session 21 – Climate change. .236 Session 22 – Remote sensing forest response to ENSO . 246 Session 23 – Rehabilitation of tropical forest landscapes . .252 Session 24 – Resilient rural landscape for Rio de Janeiro. 262 Session 25 – Human-modified tropical forests . 270 Session 26 – Impact evaluation of forest certification . 280 Session 27 – Future scenarios for the Congo Basin. 284 Session 28 – Free session: Tropical ecology and conservation. 290 Scientific poster session – Abstracts . 296 Information for participants . 342 Tropimundo . 348 Side event – Miniforum COPED – Institut de France – Académie des Sciences . .352 Social events . 364 All about Paris . .368 Acknowledgements . .376 Index of participants . .378 Society for Tropical Ecology | Gesellschaft für Tropenökologie e.V. 4 5 WELCOME LOCAL ORGANIZERS WELCOME AND Dear Friends, Colleagues, Participants, We are very pleased to welcome the European Conference of Tropical Ecology to France, at FOREWORD the International Center of Conference of Sorbonne Université (CICSU), in Paris’s historic center. Until earlier this year, Sorbonne Université (SU) was better known as the Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC, Paris 6). It was used to host the Laboratory of Tropical Botany successively led by Professor Raymond Schnell (1913-1999) and Professor Henri Puig (1938- ). Under their dual leadership, efforts were made to develop studies on vegetation in tropical Africa and America. These studies aimed to create new dynamic approaches in tropical botany by integrating many disciplinary fields from soil biology to ethnology, especially when it comes to study the impact of human impact on natural resources, wood, non- timber forest products, wildlife and habitats overall. Such a switch from traditional plant biology was made possible because both Pr. R. Schnell and Pr. H. Puig were field scientists, close to native people depending on tropical shelter for their livelihood. Research was enabled by the proximity of the laboratories of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN) at the Jardin des Plantes across the streets Cuvier and Buffon. They are better known today as Research Mixed Units (UMR) of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and of the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD, ex ORSTOM), at MNHN. These laboratories enabled dozens of PhD students in tropical botany at UPMC to attend educational courses by those eminent naturalists, botanist and zoologists, plant and animal taxonomists, anthropologists, ethnologists. Additionally, these students have been trained in the field, guided, facilitated and nurtured with experiences and lessons to prepare them for the future tropical ecologists they will become. These initial students were the humus upon which has indeed grown and matured the new generation of tropical ecologists at MNHN, CNRS, IRD, and universities (SU, UPEC, UA), today associated to organize this 4th European conference of Tropical Ecology and the Annual meeting of the Society for Tropical Ecology. Meanwhile, we are also indebted to the Academicians of the Institut of France-Académie des Sciences and the Comité pour le Développement (COPED) - which have joined this conference and organized a side event (miniforum) on African tropical forests, continuing the initiative of our colleagues in Brussels last year who opened the way by having more sessions focused – but not limited – to tropical Africa. In this 21st Century, both SU and MNHN continue to contribute to the education and evolution of tropical botany, zoology and ecology through several Masters and PhD programs. Both institutes are members of the International Master Tropimundo, with which the Society of Tropical Ecology established a partnership following our last conference in Brussels in 2017. Though Paris is not exactly tropical as a destination, the MNHN hosts one of the largest collections of tropical organisms globally, for instance at the newly renovated National Herbarium, the Zoothèque, and the Grande Galerie de l’Evolution. The MNHN is also exhibiting live plants and animals at the tropical greenhouse and the Ménagerie of the Jardin des Plantes, and throughout the biozones of the Zoological Park of Paris. They all allow the participants to experience tropical sensations, the hot, dry and wet climatic conditions of the tropics, though warmer and hotter year after year, as well Society for Tropical Ecology | Gesellschaft für Tropenökologie e.V. Challenges in tropical ecology and conservation - global perspectives 6 7 WELCOME SOCIETY FOR TROPICAL ECOLOGY (GTÖ) as being able to meet with tropical flora and fauna of New Caledonia, Amazonia-French Guiana (Guyane), Central Africa, Madagascar, and Sahelian-Soudanian savannas. But, the Dear participants, tropical picture won’t be complete if we ignore other habitats, which are too often neglected by terrestrial-focused tropical ecologists: such as mangroves and coral reefs, two other Welcome to this European Conference of Tropical Ecology under crucial components of tropical ecosystems around the green and blue belt. These tropical the title “Challenges in tropical ecology and conservation - global ecosystems must also to be studied, protected and conserved in territories and overseas perspectives”. To bring together students and scientists, researchers departments of France, from the Caribbean islands, to the Indian Ocean and the Pacific of all ages interested in tropical ecology, was the idea when the Ocean. Given that, as for the rainforests, they also contribute to cool the climate and to Gesellschaft für Tropenökologie (Society for Tropical Ecology) – gtö provide services to billions of human beings, most of them leaving in as well as far from the was founded in 1987. Since then, our strong focus on ecological tropics. The Society is thus honored to have been labeled as an event of the 3rd International research has increasingly been combined with many aspects Year of Coral Reef (IYOR2018). In addition, we are also pleased that our conference has been of conservation. And today, more than ever before, we face huge chosen by the Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE) of the CNRS to officially launch challenges both in ecology and in conservation. This is what the overarching topic of our the beautifully illustrated book “Mangroves, une forêt dans la mer” published by CNRS/ 2018 conference reflects. leChercheMidi. Likewise, the Society of Tropical ecology will welcome the participants for the conference dinner at the Tropical Aquarium of the Porte Dorée, surrounded by the Challenges are there to be met, obstacles need to be overcome. So here at the Centre colored diversity of both freshwater and marine ecosystems, and all the diversity of the International de Colloques Sorbonne Université (CICSU) in Paris historic center, we will coral reefs intra-muros in Paris. hear about and discuss new data, new findings, new results, new problems and finally good solutions. As you have seen in the program, we have a wide range of scientists presenting “… One does not do all the good he could when, having the faculty, he renounces to be useful their research, and we have a wide range of