Minimum Roadable Inspection Criteria for Trac Lease Chassis
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Typical Brake Disc and Brake Pad Damage Patterns and Their Root Causes
Typical brake disc and brake pad damage patterns and their root causes www.meyle.com Good brakes save lives! The consequences of choosing the wrong or low-grade brake parts can be dramatic. Only use the brake components specified for the given vehicle application. Brake system repairs may only be performed by skilled and trained personnel. Adhere to the vehicle or brake manufacturer‘s specifications at all times. MEYLE Platinum Disc: When installing new brake components, observe the All-new finish. No degreasing. following: Fit and go. > Always replace brake pads along with brake discs. > Always replace all brake discs and pads per axle. All MEYLE brake discs come as ready-to-mount assemblies, most of > Be careful to bed in new brake discs and pads properly. them featuring the locating screw. They do not require degreasing > Avoid unnecessary heavy braking on the first 200 kilometres. and are resistant to rim cleaners. Cutting-edge paint technology > Brake performance may be lower on the first 200 driven made in Germany provides MEYLE Platinum Discs with long-term kilometres. anti-corrosion protection while adding a brilliant appearance. Further refinement of the tried-and-tested MEYLE finish has led to Check for functional reliability after installation: environmentally-friendly production processes. > Pump brake pedal until it becomes stiff. > Pedal travel must not vary at constant pedal load after pedal has MEYLE Platinum Discs – the safety solution engineered by one been depressed several times. of the industry‘s leading experts in coated brake discs. > Check wheels for free rotation. > Check brake fluid level in expansion tank and top up, if required. -
Emergency Steer & Brake Assist – a Systematic Approach for System Integration of Two Complementary Driver Assistance Syste
EMERGENCY STEER & BRAKE ASSIST – A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH FOR SYSTEM INTEGRATION OF TWO COMPLEMENTARY DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS Alfred Eckert Bernd Hartmann Martin Sevenich Dr. Peter E. Rieth Continental AG Germany Paper Number 11-0111 ABSTRACT optimized trajectory. In this respect and beside all technical and physical aspects, the human factor plays a major role for the development of this Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) integral assistance concept. Basis for the assist the driver during the driving task to improve development of this assistance concept were subject the driving comfort and therefore indirectly traffic driver vehicle tests to study the typical driver safety, ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) is a typical behavior in emergency situations. Objective example for a “Comfort ADAS” system. “Safety was on the one hand to analyze the relevant ADAS” directly target the improvement of safety, parameters influencing the driver decision for brake such as a forward collision warning or other and/or steer maneuvers. On the other hand the systems which assist the driver during an evaluation should result in a proposal for a emergency situation. A typical application for a preferable test setup, which can be used for use case “Safety ADAS” is EBA (Emergency Brake Assist), evasion and/or braking tests to clearly evaluate the which additionally integrates information of benefit of the system and the acceptance of normal surrounding sensors into the system function. drivers. Definition of assistance levels, warnings While systems in the longitudinal direction, such as and intervention cascade, based on physical aspects EBA, have achieved a high development status and and an analysis of driver behavior using objective are already available in the market (e.g. -
What You Need to Know About Mounting Radial Tires on Classic Vehicle Rims
What You Need to Know About Mounting Radial Tires on Classic Vehicle Rims Over the past 100 years, tires, and the wheels that support them, have gone through significant changes as a result of technical innovations in design, technology and materials. No single factor affects the handling and safety of a car’s ride more than the tire and the wheel it is mounted on and how the two work together as a unit. One nagging question that has been the subject of a lot of anecdotal evidence, speculation, and even more widespread rumor is whether rims designed for Bias ply tires can handle the stresses placed on them by Radial ply tires. And the answer is - it depends. It depends on how the rim was originally designed and built as well as whether the rim has few enough cycles on it, and how it has been driven. But most importantly it depends upon the construction of the tire and how it transmits the vehicle's load to where the rubber meets the road. In this paper, we want to educate you on the facts - not the wives tales or just plain bad information - about how Bias and Radial tires differ in working with the rim to provide a safe ride. Why is there a possible rim concern between Radial and Bias Tires? The fitting of radial tires, to wheels and rims originally designed for bias tires, is an application that may result in rim durability issues. Even same-sized bias and radial tires stress a rim differently, despite their nearly identical dimensions. -
Tire Disposal
Lorain County Scrap Tire Collection Sites A Free Service for Residents of Lorain County Tires May Be Dropped-off at any of the Following Locations, During the Times and Days Listed County Collection Center – 12 PM - 4 PM Mon. & 12PM - 6PM Wed. 9 AM - 3 PM Saturdays 540 South Abbe Rd., Elyria (between Taylor St. and E. Broad St.) During Open Hours, Staff Members are Available to Assist with Unloading Lorain City Service Garage– 9 AM to 1 PM, Tuesdays & Thursdays 114 East 35th Street (Corner of Broadway & East 35th St.) During Open Hours, Staff Members are Available to Assist with Unloading Grafton Township Hall – 9 AM to 1 PM, Tuesdays & Saturdays 17109 Avon-Belden Rd. (Corner of State Routes 83 and 303) During Open Hours, Staff Members are Available to Assist with Unloading The Following Rules Apply To All Sites, At All Times: Driver’s License or other acceptable proof of residency is required Tire Collections Are Provided For the Use of Lorain County Residents Only Tires May Be On-The-Rim or Off-The-Rim NOTE: By State Law, You May Not Transport More Than 10 (Ten) Scrap Tires at One Time without a Special License Acceptable – Small Equipment/Passenger Car/SUV/Minivan/Non-Commercial Van & Pickup Truck Tires -Up To 20” Rim Diameter, And All Bicycle/Motorcycle Tires Not Acceptable – Racing Tires, Semi-Truck and Trailer Tires, Farm Equipment Tires, and AnyTires Resulting From the Operation of a Commercial Business or Farm Drop-off of tires at any times other than those listed is strictly prohibited; all sites are under video surveillance; violators will be prosecuted Scrap Tire Collections Are Provided To The Residents Of Lorain County By: The Lorain County Solid Waste Management District Information Line: 440-329-5440 Website: www.loraincounty.us/solidwaste Flyer-TireSites-May 14 2018.doc Page 1 of 1 5/14/2018 - 3:40:40 PM . -
Giti Comfort and Giti Control Run Flat Tires
Giti Comfort and Giti Control Run Flat Tires Giti’s new Run Flat tires drive comfortably at normal air pressure and offer extended mobility at zero inflation pressure for up to 80 kilometers at speeds of up to 80 kmh. The special support ring and reinforced bead allow the tire’s sidewall to carry the weight of SELF-SUPPORTING SIDEWALL DESIGN the vehicle during a pressure loss event. Optimized supports the vehicle after a loss of use of materials decreases the size of the support air pressure, allowing the tire to ring reducing sidewall stiffness and improving ride function and the vehicle to continue on the road. comfort. Micro grooves on the tread maximize biting edges for excellent wet and dry grip. Giti Run Flat tires provide you the security of never being stranded by a flat tire, without sacrificing tire performance. P80 P80 P80 P80 P80 288 288P80 288P80 288P80 P80288 P80 229 229288 229288P80 229288P80 288229P80 P80288 P80 Ultra High Performance Performance Summer Run Flat Ultra High Performance All Season Run Flat with enhanced tread stiffness Summer Run Flat with specialized tread compound for inspired handling with premier ride quality for excellent wet grip 229 229288and low road noise 229288 229288 288229 288 Rim Size: 17 - 18 “ Rim Size: 17 - 20 “ 229Rim Size: 18 - 19 “ 229 229 229 229 Aspect Ratio: 45 -55 Aspect Ratio: 35-55 Aspect Ratio: 50 -55 Speed Rating: W Speed Rating: V, W, Y Speed Rating: V, W P80 P80 P80 P80 P80 288 288P80 288P80 288P80 P80288 P80 229 229288 229288P80 229288P80 288229P80 P80288 P80 288 288 229288 288229 288 Measuring Rim Width 229Max. -
Tire Pressure Monitoring System
accident. Your tires will perform better and more safely reprogrammed. So when you start so see the cost when proper tire pressure is maintained. of tire changes, flat repairs and rotations going up, Law-makers and vehicle manufacturers advo- please keep in mind that it’s because of this new cate TPMS systems hoping that they will save lives, safety equipment. property damage and inconvenience. While you can’t put a value on saving a life, keep in mind that TPMS systems will carry a cost. The systems themselves are added into the price of the car. The batteries in the sensors will fail and parts will break over time and need to be replaced. In colder climates around Western NY, ice and salt are frequent causes of TPMS failures. In addition, there are other behind-the-scenes costs to be aware of. Every time a tire is replaced, repaired, rotated or balanced, the tire technician has to deal with the TPMS system. Your service center must purchase equipment used to scan and reactivate the TPMS system after every Tire Pressure tire service. Because older tire change equipment can Taking the place of $1.49 rubber valve stems damage TPMS sensors, your service center may need to of the past is the tire pressure monitor sensor. The buy expensive, new tire changers. Since there is no replacement of these sensors can cost from $79.95 – Monitoring System uniformity among manufacturers, technicians need to be $149.95 per sensor. Over time, these sensors are trained on several TPMS systems. These behind-the- subject to corrosion and may require replacement. -
Tire Warranty
Best in the west Tire Warranty Always the Right Tire. Always the Right Price. Over 200 Stores in 13 Western States Get to the Point. to Serve You Expert Service. Guaranteed. PASSENGER & LIGHT TRUCK TIRE WARRANTY out at 2/32" for consumer safety. Normal road hazard means; in materials or workmanship and show no signs of service neglect non-repairable punctures, breaks or cuts in the tire caused by rocks, or abuse will be replaced absolutely free of charge. Misalignment or All new passenger tires and tubeless light truck tires listed on the nails, potholes, debris, glass or other road debris. Regardless of the damage caused by abuse or collision is excluded. This warranty does attached invoice are covered by this TIRE FACTORY / POINT S number of miles you put on the tires, you will be covered for the life not apply to commercial applications. SERVICE AND WARRANTY CONTRACT and will be given service or of the original tread down to 2/32" remaining, or 60 months from the remedied under this warranty upon presentation of this contract at date of purchase, whichever occurs first. SHOCK ABSORBER/STRUT SERVICE CONTRACT any Tire Factory / Point S. **All Wheel Drive vehicles may require replacement of all tires if there is a difference in tire tread depth. This warranty only covers replacement of the damaged or Shock absorbers and struts are subject to manufacturer’s warranty. FREE FLAT REPAIR* defective tires; the customer is responsible for replacing any other tires. Road hazard Tire Factory / Point S will replace lifetime warranty shock absorbers All flats repaired FREE of charge for the life of the tire. -
Standards and Requirements for Scrap Tire Transporters
Division of Materials and Waste Management December 2018 Guidance Document #640 Standards and Requirements for Scrap Tire Transporters Purpose This educational guideline addresses owner and operator responsibilities when registering and operating a scrap tire transportation business which either picks up tires in Ohio or delivers tires to an Ohio destination and is intended to guide readers through some of the major requirements of the scrap tire rules. However, it is only a guide and the appropriate sections of the Ohio Administrative Code should be read in their entirety. Applicable Rules and Statutes Ohio Revised Code 3734 Ohio Administrative Code 3745-27-54 through 3745-27-56 Who must register? Chapter 3734.83 of the Ohio Revised Code states that “….no person shall transport scrap tires anywhere in this state unless the business or governmental entity that employs the person first registers with and obtains a registration certificate from the director of environmental protection.” It should be noted that there are several exclusions from the requirement to become a registered scrap tire transporter which are outlined below. However, if a transporter does not meet one of the specific exclusions provided below, then registration with Ohio EPA is required. The requirement to become a registered scrap tire transporter is not required if any of the following apply: 1. If 10 or less scrap tires are transported per load; 2. If tires are transported only for the transporter’s own agricultural use or in producing or processing aggregates; 3. If the transporter is a solid waste hauler who transports 10 or fewer tires which are incidental to the solid waste load; 4. -
Subframe Design General
Subframe design General General The subframe can be used for the following purposes: • It provides clearance for wheels and other parts which protrude above the frame. • It provides rigidity and reduces the stress in the rear overhang. • It protects the chassis frame by distributing the load from the bodywork evenly over a larger area of the chassis frame. • It contributes to dampening frame oscillations that cause discomfort. To adapt the subframe to the torsionally flexible part of the chassis frame, the sub- frame should also be torsionally flexible, provided the bodywork allows it. There- fore, the side members and crossmembers of the subframe should consist mainly of open profiles, e.g. U-profiles. 376 530 More information on chassis frames is found in the document Chassis frames. More information on chassis frames and subframes is found in the document Select- ing the subframe and attachment. More information on the concepts of torsional rigidity and torsional flexibility is found in the document Forces and movements. Scania Truck Bodybuilder 22:10-649 Issue 2 2016-09-02 © Scania CV AB 2016, Sweden 1 (8) Subframe design General The subframe can appear differently depending on the characteristics required. The subframe length can vary. It can cover the whole chassis frame or be short and only cover part of the chassis frame. The height of the chassis frame can be adjusted to the current area of application. 376 541 Example of a subframe. Scania Truck Bodybuilder 22:10-649 Issue 2 2016-09-02 © Scania CV AB 2016, Sweden 2 (8) Subframe design General Side members The subframe’s side members are usually manufactured from U-profiles, just as the chassis frame’s side members. -
Adaptive Brake by Wire from Human Factors to Adaptive Implementation
UNIVERSITY OF TRENTO Doctoral School in Engineering Of Civil And Mechanical Structural Systems Adaptive Brake By Wire From Human Factors to Adaptive Implementation Thesis Tutor Doctoral Candidate Prof. Mauro Da Lio Andrea Spadoni Mechanical and Mechatronic Systems December 2013 - XXV Cycle 1 Adaptive Brake By Wire From Human Factors to Adaptive Implementation 2 Adaptive Brake By Wire From Human Factors to Adaptive Implementation Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................................. 3 LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................................... 6 LIST OF TABLES ...................................................................................................................... 8 GENERAL OVERVIEW .............................................................................................................. 9 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 12 1. BRAKING PROCESS FROM THE HUMAN FACTORS POINT OF VIEW .................................... 15 1.1. THE BRAKING PROCESS AND THE USER -RELATED ASPECTS ......................................................................... 15 1.2. BRAKE ACTUATOR AS USER INTERFACE ................................................................................................. 16 1.3. BRAKE FORCE ACTUATION : GENERAL MOVEMENT -FORCE DESCRIPTION ...................................................... -
Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS)
Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) Anti-lock Brakes (US:EX, Canada: EX-R) Your car is equipped with an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS). This system helps you to maintain stopping and steering control. It does this by helping to prevent the wheels from locking up during hard braking. The ABS is always "ON." It requires no special effort or driving technique. You will feel a pulsation in the brake pedal when the ABS activates. Activation varies with the amount of traction your tires have. On dry pavement, you will need to press on the brake pedal very hard before you feel the pedal pulsation, that means the ABS has activated. However, you may feel the ABS activate immediately if you are trying to stop on snow or ice. Under all conditions, the ABS is helping to prevent the wheels from locking during hard braking so you can maintain steering control. You should continue to press on the brake pedal with the same force. You may feel a slight movement of the brake pedal just after you start the engine. This is the ABS working. The ABS is self-checking. If anything goes wrong, the ABS indicator on the instrument panel comes on (see ABS page 45). This means the Anti-lock function of the braking system has shut down. The brakes still work like a conventional system providing normal stopping ability. You should have the dealer inspect your car as soon as possible. The ABS works by comparing the speed of the wheels. When replacing tires, use the same size originally supplied with the car. -
A Thesis Entitled Design, Analysis and Optimization of Rear Sub-Frame Using Finite Element Modeling and Modal Analysis by Gaurav
A Thesis entitled Design, Analysis and Optimization of Rear Sub-frame using Finite Element Modeling and Modal Analysis by Gaurav Kesireddy Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering _________________________________________ Dr. Hongyan Zhang, Committee Chair _________________________________________ Dr. Sarit Bhaduri, Committee Member _________________________________________ Dr. Matthew Franchetti, Committee Member _________________________________________ Dr. Amanda Bryant-Friedrich, Dean College of Graduate Studies The University of Toledo May 2017 Copyright 2017, Gaurav Kesireddy This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no parts of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. An Abstract of Design, Analysis and Optimization of Rear Sub-frame using Finite Element Modeling and Modal Analysis by Gaurav Kesireddy Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering The University of Toledo May 2017 A sub-frame is a structural component of an automobile that carries suspension, exhaust, engine room, etc. The sub-frame is generally bolted to Body in White(BIW). It is sometimes equipped with springs and bushes to dampen vibration. The principal purposes of using a sub-frame are, to spread high chassis loads over a wide area of relatively thin sheet metal of a monocoque body shell, and to isolate vibration and harshness from the rest of the body. As a natural development from a car with a full chassis, separate front and rear sub-frames are used in modern vehicles to reduce the overall weight and cost. In addition, a sub-frame yields benefits to production in that subassemblies can be made which can be introduced to the main body shell when required on an automated line.