DOCSLIB.ORG

Livingstone Shire Council Submission – Relocation of Commonwealth Government Agencies and Jobs from the Cities to the Regions

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Livingstone Shire Council Submission – Relocation of Commonwealth Government Agencies and Jobs from the Cities to the Regions Livingstone Shire Council Submission – Relocation of Commonwealth Government Agencies and Jobs from the Cities to the Regions 10 March 2017 Livingstone Shire Council Submission - Senate inquiry to examine the operation, effectiveness and consequences of the Public Government, Performance and Accountability (Location of Corporate Commonwealth Entities) Order 2016. Contents Executive summary ................................................................................................................................. 2 1. Benefits of decentralisation of Commonwealth Government Agencies ........................................ 3 2. Government agency relocation to the Capricorn Coast ................................................................. 4 3. Livingstone Shire Overview ............................................................................................................. 7 a) Destination of choice (live, work, play) ....................................................................................... 7 b) Key LSC indicators at a glance ..................................................................................................... 8 4. Employment .................................................................................................................................... 9 a) Employment by industry ............................................................................................................. 9 b) Employment by occupation ........................................................................................................ 9 c) Employment opportunities ....................................................................................................... 10 5. Education ...................................................................................................................................... 11 6. Health services .............................................................................................................................. 12 7. Major projects & Investment Opportunities ................................................................................ 13 a) $53M Yeppoon Foreshore and Town Centre Revitalisation ..................................................... 13 b) $30M Panorama Drive – Northern Strategic Link Road ............................................................ 14 c) $25M Gateway Business and Industry Park .............................................................................. 14 d) $6.2 M Local Disaster Coordination Centre and Community Resilience Engagement Hub ..... 14 e) Stage 1 $3.6 M Capricorn Coast Homemaker Centre ............................................................... 15 f) $16 - $18 M Scenic Highway Reconstruction and Upgrade Statue Bay .................................... 15 g) $4.5 M Emu Park Foreshore Redevelopment ........................................................................... 15 h) $2.5 M Barmaryee Multi-Sport Precinct - Yeppoon ................................................................. 15 i) $4.5 M Hartley Street Multi-Sport – Emu Park ......................................................................... 15 8. Housing affordability ..................................................................................................................... 15 9. Tourism and events ....................................................................................................................... 16 10. Connected economy ................................................................................................................. 17 11. Importance of regional cities to the economy .......................................................................... 17 12. Cost benefits of decentralisation to overall economy .............................................................. 19 13. Reduction in commuting costs and time .................................................................................. 21 Appendix A: Sources of information ..................................................................................................... 23 1 | Page Executive summary The Senate Finance and Public Administration References Committee announced on the 8 February 2017 that it will be holding an inquiry into the operation, effectiveness and consequences of relocating corporate Commonwealth entities to regional locations, as well as the economic, environmental and capability implications. The submission to the inquiry from Livingstone Shire Council builds a business case as to why Livingstone Shire and the Central Queensland region are unequivocally well-positioned to accommodate government research industries and government entities in our region. The submission details the region’s affordable housing, first-class health and education facilities, current major projects, family-friendly coastal lifestyle as well as existing and future employment opportunities. Regional cities such as Yeppoon and its surrounding townships have an important role as the location of regional scale services such as health, education, transport, commercial, cultural, social and government services. Australia’s regions are vital to the national economy, cultural identity and environmental amenity of our nation. Investing in regional cities provides cost benefits to the national economy. The establishment of a Commonwealth entity at the Capricorn Coast builds on the regions capacity to prove that we are a strong regional city that can deliver a place and services that will service and retain the people in our region while producing the maximum economic dividend to the nation. A relocated government entity would generate a wide variety of benefits to the Capricorn Coast region. These benefits include short-term and long-term job generation through construction activity, ongoing employment opportunities within the public service and a high level of consumption spending in the regional economy due to relocated employees and their families. Public investment is usually followed by private sector investment attracted to the government exhibiting a long term commitment to a region. The establishment of a major government office may trigger more public infrastructure spending (co-location) and/or public realm improvements. The benefits to the “relocating Commonwealth government entity” include, but are not limited to savings in accommodation costs, commuting time and costs, housing affordability, access to a skilled workforce and lifestyle benefits for employees. The Capricorn Coast would be ideally suited to government agencies and research industries that have grass roots firmly established in the region including beef production, agriculture, defence and marine science as well as new opportunities such as the establishment of innovation and disaster management agencies. 2 | Page 1. Benefits of decentralisation of Commonwealth Government Agencies Regional issues are not generally seen as a priority in the public service in Canberra. There have been a number of calls to decentralise public services from Canberra so that an understanding of regional issues can be better realised along with job creation and the flow on economic benefits. Decentralisation may improve the ways in which public servants understand and work for Australia’s diverse regional communities. A relocated government entity would clearly generate a wide variety of benefits to the Capricorn Coast region. These will include short-term and long-term job generation through construction activity, ongoing employment opportunities within the public service and a high level of consumption spending in the regional economy due to relocated employees and their families. Any type of public investment will likely be followed by private sector investment attracted to the governments’ long term commitment to the region. The establishment of a major government office often triggers public infrastructure spending and/or public realm improvements. Geelong has turned into an insurance hub with the National Disabilities Insurance Scheme (NDIS) relocation from Melbourne adding 680 workers to the region by 2018. The Transport Accident Commission is already based in Geelong. In 2016 it was announced that the Department of Human Services planned to open a 400 person office in Geelong alongside the NDIA building. WorkSafe Victoria is also committed to opening a head office in Geelong. The construction of the headquarters to house these agencies will create several hundred jobs, while the location of hundreds of more employees in the Geelong CBD will have a multiplier effect on jobs, growth and investment. In 2016 it was announced that four Canberra based rural research and development agencies would be relocated to offices in regional and rural Australia to provide greater engagement with farmers, growers and experts in these areas. The Rural Industries Research and Development Corporations’ (RIRDC) move to Charles Sturt University in Wagga Wagga will provide savings of $266,000 in annual rent costs and a total savings of $1,200,000 in operating costs. In a similar move the Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) will establish four offices in Dubbo, Toowoomba, Perth (with the intent to move to Northam) and Adelaide, the primary headquarters will remain in Canberra. The Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA) will be moved from Canberra to Armidale bringing approximately 189 jobs from Canberra to Armidale by 2019. Proving the multiplier effect
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Livingstone Shire Council Recovery Plan
    Livingstone Shire Council November 2019 Bushfires: Local Recovery and Resilience Plan Endorsed by the Livingstone Shire Local Disaster Management Group on 14 November 2019 About our community Human and social Environment The Livingstone Shire local government area covers approximately 11,700km2, from Stanage Bay in the north, the Keppel Evacuated residents are repatriated quickly Damage assessments are compiled and shared with Island Group to the east, Nerimbera in the south and Ogmore and Mount Gardiner in the west. The main population and effectively. appropriate agencies. centres are Emu Park and Yeppoon, situated approximately 600km north of Brisbane on Queensland’s Capricorn Coast. Residents impacted by the event have access to a Animal welfare issues are identified and addressed range of supports (including funding sources, Livingstone Shire boasts a unique and relaxed lifestyle, strong community values, and diverse natural landscapes. Environmental health hazards are reduced through psychosocial support, and community activities/ provision of appropriate information (including Livingstone Shire has an average daily temperature of 17.8°c and 27.1°c and receives an average of 938mm of rainfall each programmes). hazardous waste disposal, biosecurity measures, year. Livingstone Shire’s solid economic growth is built on a variety of industries including agriculture, mining and retailing; Funding is sought and obtained to support holistic and safe vegetation clearing). however, it is best known for tourism, which is based on a variety of natural, cultural, and entertainment attractions. recovery and resilience-building initiatives. Funding for ongoing recovery and environmental About the disaster event Ongoing community-led recovery and resilience rehabilitation programmes is sought and secured On the afternoon of Saturday, 9 November 2019, a fire broke out on Old Byfield Road in Cobraball, a locality in Livingstone strategies are established.
    [Show full text]
  • Invest Capricorn Coast Region Economic Development Plan a Message from the Mayor
    Invest Capricorn Coast Region INVEST CAPRICORN COAST REGION ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN A MESSAGE FROM THE MAYOR Bill Ludwig Mayor Livingstone Shire Council As one of the faster-growing detailed strategic initiatives and supporting activities that, in conjunction with enabling projects, will facilitate areas outside the southern future economic growth. corner, the Capricorn Coast While Council has a critical role to play as both a ‘champion‘ and facilitator of economic growth, the region offers unrivalled successful delivery of a plan of this scope and magnitude investment and commercial can only be achieved in partnership, and with collective input from every business and industry sector. These opportunities, as well as premier sectors must include local business, tourism, service lifestyle options. Importantly, our delivery, construction, primary production and resource industries. Extensive engagement with the community region is well-positioned with the and all sectors was undertaken in the development of critical infrastructure required this plan. to service a diverse and growing It is equally critical that our EDP has input and support from all tiers of government to ensure that, where economy. necessary, our plan is as closely aligned as possible with current and future regional, state and national economic The Invest Capricorn Coast Region Economic development strategic initiatives, many of which have Development Plan (EDP) documents our current been considered and referenced in the EDP. economic status, our assets, opportunities
    [Show full text]
  • Beacon to Beacon Guide—Capricorn Coast
    Maritime Safety Queensland Rosslyn Bay Boat Harbour Beacon to Beacon Guide Capricorn Coast Published by For commercial use terms and conditions Maritime Safety Queensland Please visit the Maritime Safety Queensland website at www.msq.qld.gov.au © Copyright The State of Queensland (Department of Transport and Main Roads) 2014 ‘How to’ use this guide Use this Beacon to Beacon Guide with To view a copy of this licence, visit the ‘How to’ and legend booklet available from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au www.msq.qld.gov.au Capricorn Coast Key Sheet Mag P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Corio Bay P P P P ¶AP P North Keppel Island SOUTH Yeppoon Rosslyn Bay !A !1 Boat PACIFIC Harbour Great Keppel Island OCEAN Emu Park Fitzroy Keppel !2 Sands !B ROCKHAMPTON !3 River Keppel Bay !C Port Alma Curtis Island !D T h e N a r r o w s Marine rescue services !1 CG Yeppoon !2 CG Keppel Sands !3 CG Rockhampton !4 VMR Gladstone !4 GLADSTONE Enlargements ! A Rosslyn Bay Boat Harbour See Gladstone ! B Rockhampton series ! C Port Alma ! D The Narrows CG Yeppoon (0600-1800 Fri--Mon) (88-86, 16-21-22, 4125-6215-8291-2182-2524) ph 4933 6600 CG Keppel Sands (0600-1800 Tues-Thurs) (88-86, 16-21-22, 4125-6215-8291-2182-2524) ph 4934 4906 CC-1 See charts AUS 820, 426, 367 Mag nautical miles (nM) Sloping Island P P 0 1 2 P P P P P ! P Barlows Hill P P Yeppoon Inlet P P ! 0 1 2 3 4 P KEPPEL P Meikleville Hill P P kilometres P P FG ISLES AP P FG ¶ YEPPOON Fi g T n Inlet ree o po Ck k ep e Y e r C See Inset 1 s s Cooee Bay o R Inset 1 Fl(2) 6s TARANGANBA Claytons
    [Show full text]
  • Barmaryee Road Shared Path Pavex Project Case Study
    Project Barmaryee Road Shared Path Project Information The perfect partnership that paved the way for Project: Barmaryee Road Shared Path PaveX™ Location: Yeppoon, QLD Renowned for its beaches, tropical climate, and 27 surrounding bay islands including Great Keppel, Yeppoon 2.2 km Shared Path: is a coastal town on the Capricorn Coast, located within the Project 2.5m W x 100mm D Scope: Driveways: Shire of Livingstone, Queensland. Blessed with a string of 150mm Depth beaches, shallow coves and low-lying wetlands, Yeppoon is a popular destination for tourists, young families and Livingstone Shire Council: Council retirees looking to soak up the Central Queensland sun. Published in August 2018, the Livingstone Shire Council’s Active Livingstone Strategy Concrete Tandy Concrete identified a strong desire among locals to connect the Pineapple Coast Rail Trail with Supplier: the Yeppoon Foreshore. As result, the Livingstone Shire Council committed resources to developing additional linkages to the rail trail, further enhancing the Concrete Mix N32/20 community’s connectivity. Design: Fibercon MPP Fibres ICT Distributor: Concreters Warehouse Finish July 2020 Date: Product Danley™ PaveX™ In December 2019, the Livingstone Shire Council partnered with Tandy Concrete, Expanda™ Fibercon and ICT Concreters Warehouse to design and construct a vital 2.2km stretch Used: 100mm Kit of 2.5m wide shared bikeway along Barmaryee Road. The goal? To provide a safe and accessible shared-use pavement that connects recreational walkers, cyclists and mobility-impaired locals with Yeppoon‘s newly constructed Barmaryee Sportsground facilities. The challenge? CORROSION! If there is one problem with stunning beaches and low-lying wetlands, it is the damage that corrosion can cause to the concrete joints in surrounding pavements, which results in spalling and potential tripping hazards.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Change in the Capricorn Coast: an Analysis of Stewardship Potential
    RESEARCH PUBLICATION NO. 106 Climate Change in the Capricorn Coast: an analysis of stewardship potential Stephen Myers RW (Bill) Carter Tim Smith RESEARCH PUBLICATION NO. 106 Climate Change in the Capricorn Coast: an analysis of stewardship potential Stephen Myers, RW (Bill) Carter and Tim Smith Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland. PO Box 1379 Townsville QLD 4810 Telephone: (07) 4750 0700 Fax: (07) 4772 6093 Email: [email protected] www.gbrmpa.gov.au © Commonwealth of Australia 2011 Published by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority ISBN 978 1 921682 33 9 (pdf) This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without the prior written permission of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. The National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry : Myers, Stephen. Climate change in the Capricorn Coast [electronic resource] : an analysis of stewardship potential / Myers, Stephen ; Carter, R.W. (Bill) ; Smith, T. ISBN 978 1 921682 33 9 (pdf) Research publication (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. Online) ; no. 106. Climatic changes--Queensland--Capricornia (Region) Carter, Bill (R. W. G.) Smith, T. Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. 551.699435 DISCLAIMER This report is a summative analysis of an online survey of invited stakeholders in the Capricorn Coast Region of Queensland, Australia. This report underwent a single blind peer-review through the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. The views and opinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the University of the Sunshine Coast or the Australian Government.
    [Show full text]
  • Shoalwater and Corio Bays Area Ramsar Site Ecological Character Description
    Shoalwater and Corio Bays Area Ramsar Site Ecological Character Description 2010 Disclaimer While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure the contents of this ECD are correct, the Commonwealth of Australia as represented by the Department of the Environment does not guarantee and accepts no legal liability whatsoever arising from or connected to the currency, accuracy, completeness, reliability or suitability of the information in this ECD. Note: There may be differences in the type of information contained in this ECD publication, to those of other Ramsar wetlands. © Copyright Commonwealth of Australia, 2010. The ‘Ecological Character Description for the Shoalwater and Corio Bays Area Ramsar Site: Final Report’ is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Australia licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people. For licence conditions see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This report should be attributed as ‘BMT WBM. (2010). Ecological Character Description of the Shoalwater and Corio Bays Area Ramsar Site. Prepared for the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts.’ The Commonwealth of Australia has made all reasonable efforts to identify content supplied by third parties using the following format ‘© Copyright, [name of third party] ’. Ecological Character Description for the Shoalwater and
    [Show full text]
  • Capricorn Coast Regional Council & Rockhampton Regional Council
    Capricorn Coast Regional Council & Rockhampton Regional Council a Partnership Approach for Sound Regional Governance Unity and strength with community of interest representation De-amalgamation Submission to the Queensland Boundary Commissioner August 2012 Contents CCIM Message 2 Preface . 3 Response to Boundary Commission Questions 6 Bernard Salt - A Precis 11 Capricorn Coast - A Regional Growth Centre . .13 Financial Viability Analysis 14 Livingstone/Capricorn Coast Regional Council Profile in the Regional Context 19 Economic Development 21 Optimum Service Delivery 30 Optimum Governance Model 35 Communities of Interest 37 Amalgamation Impacts on Community Services . .44 Capricorn Coast Independence Movement Environmental Management 47 PO Box 309 Yeppoon Qld 4703 Contact: Paul Lancaster, Chairman Appendices . .54 Phone: 07 4939 7840 Email: [email protected] Contact: Cr Bill Ludwig Phone: 0428 791 792 Email: [email protected] 1 CCIM Message The two primary objectives that will be achieved by restoring an independent Capricorn Coast Regional Council are as follows. The first is to restore the fundamental and basic democratic rights of every community to make their own decisions about determining their future, and setting their own priorities while considering the broader Regional context. The second, and equally important, is delivering a better model of Local Government to provide for sound decision making, while empowering our business, industry and primary producers with a better focussed and a more inclusive ‘grassroots’ foundation from which to promote and enhance regional economic growth and prosperity. These combined objectives will ensure the proposed Capricorn Coast Regional Council area can realise and optimise its full potential in partnership with the greater Rockhampton area.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Knowledge and Global Power by Steve Butler
    ISSN 1444­3775 2006 Issue No. 13 — Making Badlands Making Badlands All Over the World: Local Knowledge and Global Power By Steve Butler “And so a remote backwater on the Central Queensland coast finds itself in the sights of the Pentagon’s new global strategy” (Dirty War ). In Seven Versions of an Australian Badland Ross Gibson suggests that badlands are constitutive of community, a necessary evil enabling good to flourish elsewhere. Bob Hawke’s recent proposal for turning Australia’s “dead heart” into the world’s nuclear waste dump (AM. ABC. 27 Sept. 2005) is a classic example of badland making and a timely reminder of the relevance of Gibson’s book. Closer to my home, on the Capricorn Coast of Central Queensland, several controversies are brewing about the uses to which our lands are put. [1] According to Gibson “Life in Central Queensland is a direct continuation of the systems that formed a new society during the frontier era” (54). He argues: “conflict, coercion and dissimulation defined the ‘community’ . rather than the integration and stewardship of the land” (106). The more things change, the more they stay the same: several examples of neo-colonialism threatening to turn more of the Capricorn region into a badland will be cited in this essay to show how “the past produces the present” (2-3). I intend to engage with some of the environmental issues facing the region through a prism of texts circulating in the local culture: films, newspaper articles, letters to the editor, web sites and journal articles, in an attempt to foreground the way that social realities are discursively constructed.
    [Show full text]
  • Young's Capricorn Coast Bus Services
    $ % Fares Travel tips Weekends and public holidays Rockhampton Fares are calculated on the number of zones you use 1. Visit www.qconnect.qld.gov.au to use the Route 20 - the Sunday timetable operates on all Yeppoon in your journey (fare zone calculator on map page) qconnect journey planner and access public holidays except Christmas Day and Boxing Emu Park timetable information. Day. Route 23 and 29 services do not run on Zilzie Ticket options 2. Plan to arrive at least five minutes prior to Saturdays, Sundays or public holidays. Keppel Sands Bus timetable qconnect single departure. One - way ticket to reach your destination, Pick up and set down 3. Check the approaching bus is the service you including transfers within two hours on any On outbound journeys from Rockhampton, require by looking at the destination sign. qconnect service. Young’s Bus Service does not set passengers 4. At designated bus stops, signal the driver qconnect daily down within the Rockhampton urban area. On clearly by placing your hand out as the bus Unlimited travel within the zones purchased until inbound journeys to Rockhampton, Young’s Bus approaches. Keep your arm extended until the last service scheduled on the day of issue, Service does not pick up passengers within the the driver indicates. Monday to Sunday valid on all qconnect services. Rockhampton urban area. 5. If you have a concession card, have it ready Route servicing easy-travel Fare Card to show the driver. Stockland Rockhampton Rockhampton Airport, Stockland, Rosslyn Young’s Bus Service offers an easy-travel Fare 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Our Living Coast: Coastal Hazard Adaptation Strategy
    Our Living Coast Livingstone Coastal Hazards Adaptation Strategy 1 Table of Contents Mayor's Message.........................................................................................................................................................3 1.0 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................................4 1.1 Purpose of the Our Living Coast Strategy...............................................................................................4 1.2 A community driven plan for a resilient coast........................................................................................6 1.3 How did we develop the Our Living Coast Strategy?......................................................................7 1.4 Our journey in responding to coastal hazards....................................................................................8 2.0 Our Coastal Values.............................................................................................................................................10 2.1 Our Coast...............................................................................................................................................10 2.2 Our Coastal Environment......................................................................................................................12 2.3 Our Coastal Economy.........................................................................................................................13
    [Show full text]
  • Information Sheet on EAA Flyway Network Sites
    Information Sheet on EAA Flyway Network Sites Information Sheet on EAA Flyway Network Sites (SIS) – 2017 version Available for download from http://www.eaaflyway.net/about/the-flyway/flyway-site-network/ Categories approved by Second Meeting of the Partners of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway Partnership in Beijing, China 13-14 November 2007 - Report (Minutes) Agenda Item 3.13 Notes for compilers: 1. The management body intending to nominate a site for inclusion in the East Asian - Australasian Flyway Site Network is requested to complete a Site Information Sheet. The Site Information Sheet will provide the basic information of the site and detail how the site meets the criteria for inclusion in the Flyway Site Network. When there is a new nomination or an SIS update, the following sections with an asterisk (*), from Questions 1-14 and Question 30, must be filled or updated at least so that it can justify the international importance of the habitat for migratory waterbirds. 2. The Site Information Sheet is based on the Ramsar Information Sheet. If the site proposed for the Flyway Site Network is an existing Ramsar site then the documentation process can be simplified. 3. Once completed, the Site Information Sheet (and accompanying map(s)) should be submitted to the Flyway Partnership Secretariat. Compilers should provide an electronic (MS Word) copy of the Information Sheet and, where possible, digital versions (e.g. shapefile) of all maps. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [Show full text]
  • Acid Sulfate Soils Keppel Sands – Yeppoon Area Central Queensland
    QNRM03370 ACID SULFATE SOILS KEPPEL SANDS – YEPPOON AREA CENTRAL QUEENSLAND COAST D J Ross ACID SULFATE SOILS KEPPEL SANDS – YEPPOON AREA CENTRAL QUEENSLAND COAST D J Ross Department of Natural Resources & Mines Queensland 2003 QNRM03370 ISBN 1 920920 03 X While all care has been taken in the preparation of this report, neither the Department of Natural Resources and Mines nor its officers or staff accepts any responsibility for any loss or damage that may result from any inaccuracy or omission in the information contained herein. Department of Natural Resources & Mines PO Box 1762 ROCKHAMPTON QLD 4700 ii Contents List of figures, tables and maps iv Summary v 1. Introduction 1 2. Survey area 3 3. Methods 4 4. Description of the soil map units 5 4.1 Actual Acid Sulfate Soils 5 4.2 Potential Acid Sulfate Soils 9 4.3 Other Map Units 15 5. Discussion 17 6. Acknowledgments 22 7. References 23 APPENDIX Chemical data for selected depth samples 25 iii List of figures Figure 1. Location of the survey area. 2 Figure 2. Pondage bank excluding tidal water to Kinka wetlands (spring tide). 6 Figure 3. Goeprobe core sampling, chenier plain, Keppel Sands. 6 Figure 4. Supratidal flat (saltpan) behind Kemp Beach. 6 Figure 5. Greyish brown AASS layer over greenish grey PASS layer, Coorooman. 17 Figure 6. Yellowish brown sands grading to dark grey sand (PASS) layer, Kinka. 17 Figure 7. Freely drained sands with gravel layers below 4m depth, The Sandhills. 17 List of tables Table 1. Areas of map units. 7 Table 2.
    [Show full text]