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22 E S T U D I ESTUDIOS 22 ACADEMIA NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN FLORENCIO DE BASALDÚA UN VASCO ARGENTINO Horacio C. Reggini BUENOS AIRES 2008 FLORENCIO DE BASALDÚA UN VASCO ARGENTINO ACADEMIA NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN NOMINA DE ACADÉMICOS DE NUMERO ACADÉMICOS CORRESPONDIENTES Prof. María C. AGUDO de CORSICO Prof. Soledad ARDILES GRAY de STEIN (Pcia. Dr.Alejandro J. ARVIA de Tucumán) Dr.John BRADEMAS (Estados Unidos) Dr. Pedro Luis BARCIA Dr. Ricardo DIEZ HOCHLEITNER (España) Dr. Antonio M. BATTRO Dr. Hugo JURI (Pcia. de Córdoba) Dr. Jorge E. BOSCH Dr. Pierre LENA (Francia) Dr.José Luis CANTINI Dr. Ernesto J. MAEDER (Pcia. de Chaco) Prof. Alberto Raúl DALLO Prof. Catalina MENDEZ de MEDINA LAREU ( Pcia. de Corrientes) Dra Ana Lucia FREGA Ing. Miguel Angel YADAROLA (Pcia. de Dr. Pedro J. FRIAS Córdoba) Prof. Cristina Elvira FRITZSCHE Dr. Guillermo JAIM ETCHEVERRY Dra. María Antonia GALLART ACADÉMICOS FALLECIDOS Prof. Alfredo M. van GELDEREN Dr. Ricardo NASSIF Dr. Julio César LABAKE Prof. Américo GHIOLDI Dr. Ramón Carlos LEIGUARDA Dr. Jaime BERNSTEIN Dr. Juan José LLACH Dr. Mario Justo LOPEZ Dr. Alberto P. MAIZTEGUI Dr. Antonio PIRES Prof. Plácido HORAS Prof. Rosa E. MOURE de VICIEN Prof. Luis Jorge ZANOTTI Dr. Humberto PETREI Ing. Alberto COSTANTINI Dr. Miguel PETTY S.J Dr. Adelmo MONTENEGRO Dr. Avelino José PORTO Dr. Oscar OÑATIVIA Ing. Horacio C. REGGINI Prof. Regina Elena GIBAJA Dr. Emilio Fermín MIGNONE Lic. María SAENZ QUESADA Prof. Jorge Cristian HANSEN Prof. Antonio F. SALONIA Dr. Luis Antonio SANTALO Dr. Horacio SANGUINETTI Dr. Gabriel BENTANCOUR MEJIA Dra. Ruth SAUTU Dr. Héctor Félix BRAVO Dr. Luis Ricardo SILVA Dr. Ing. Hilario FERNANDEZ LONG Dr. Juan Carlos AGULLA Dr. Pedro SIMONCINI Prof. Gilda LAMARQUE DE ROMERO BREST Ing. Marcelo Antonio SOBREVILA Dr. Horacio RODRIGUEZ CASTELLS Dr. Alberto C. TAQUINI (h) Prof. Elida LEIBOVICH de GUEVENTTER Lic. Juan Carlos TEDESCO Dr.Horacio J. A. RIMOLDI Dr. Jorge Reinaldo VANOSSI Dr.Gregorio WEINBERG Dr. Fernando MARTINEZ PAZ Dr. Marcelo J. VERNENGO Prof. Ana M. EICHELBAUM de BABINI Dr. Fernando STORNI S.J. ACADÉMICOS EMÉRITOS Prof. Berta PERELSTEIN de BRASLAVSKY Prof. Mabel MANACORDA de ROSETTI Mons. Guillermo BLANCO ESTUDIOS 22 ACADEMIA NACIONAL DE EDUCACIÓN FLORENCIO DE BASALDÚA UN VASCO ARGENTINO Horacio C. Reggini Reggini, Horacio Florencio de Basaldúa, un vasco Argentino. - 1a ed. - Buenos Aires : Academia Nacional de Educación, 2008. 256 p. ; 15x23 cm. - (Estudios / Antonio Francisco Salonia) ISBN 978-987-9145-20-3 1. Florencio de Basaldúa - Biografía. I. Título CDD 923 Los juicios y opiniones que se expresan en esta obra corresponden a su autor y no reflejan necesariamente la posición oficial de la Academia Nacional de Educación. Primera edición. Buenos Aires, 2008. Impreso en la Argentina. Printed in Argentina. © Copyright 2008 by Academia Nacional de Educación © Copyright 2008 by Horacio C. Reggini La edición de la serie "Estudios" está coordinada por el académico Antonio Francisco Salonia, quien asimismo es coordinador de la Comisión de Publicaciones, división que integran los académicos Ana Lucía Frega, Marcelo Antonio Sobrevila y Jorge Reinaldo Vanossi. I.S.B.N. 978-987-9145-20-3 Hecho el depósito previsto por la ley Nº11.723. Editor: Paula Roggero Compuso los originales: Gabriel Martín Gil Diseño de tapa: Academia Nacional de Educación. Imprimió: Estudio Sigma S.R.L. (J.E. Uriburu 1252 piso 8, Buenos Aires). Retrato de Florencio de Basaldúa dibujado al carbón por la pintora Andrea Moch La revista La Baskonia No 657 del 30 de diciebre de 1911, publica en las páginas 139 y 140 (archivos 1911-375 y 1911-376), con título “Banquete al señor Basaldúa”, un artículo donde “informa que el sábado 23 de diciembre de 1911 tuvo lugar en el París Ho- tel de Buenos Aires, un banquete con motivo de la reciente publi- cación de la nueva obra La Raza Roja de Florencio de Basaldúa, al que concurrieron numerosos personajes de lo más representativo de las ciencias y las letras del país. Llegado el momento de los brindis, el doctor Alfredo L. Palacios ofreció la demostración en un discurso cálido y elocuente de elogios a la raza vasca y a la obra meritoria que desde veinte años atrás viene desarrollando Floren- cio de Basaldúa con tenacidad y amor patrio. La pintora Andrea Moch, que también concurrió al banquete, tuvo la ocurrencia de llevarle un notable retrato dibujado al carbón, encuadrado en un passe-partout rojo. El cuadro recorrió la mesa de mano en mano, mereciendo unánimes aprobaciones. Para que nuestros lectores participen de tal primicia, reproducimos el retrato en esta nota”. Contenido Prólogo, por Prof. Antonio Salonia ............................5 Introducción breve ...................................................9 Esquema general de la estructura del libro, motivos que impulsaron a escribirlo y aclaraciones sobre su compagi- nación y los textos incluidos. 1. Puntos salientes de la vida y obra de Basaldúa ....11 Cuenta algunos aspectos de las actividades del realizador y visionario –relacionándolos con numerosas personalida- des de los comienzos de la Argentina moderna–, y otros aspectos referidos a sus queridas hijas. 2. La Patagonia y el gobierno del territorio del Chubut ..............................................................25 Luego de un panorama de la Patagonia, narra la acción de Basaldúa en el cargo de secretario general de la goberna- ción del entonces territorio del Chubut y como gobernador interino. 3. Eskal-Berri. El megaproyecto de una colonia vasca ...............................................53 Describe la patriótica propuesta que Florencio de Basal- dúa hace, en 1897, al Gobierno del General Julio A. Roca, para crear una colonia de vascos en Chubut. 4. Erné. Un viaje fantástico .....................................65 Presenta comentarios y citas de una novela de Basaldúa –que tiene ciertas características de ciencia ficción–, dedi- cada a ensalzar al uskalduna primitivo, al idioma euskara y a las costumbres de sus antepasados. 5. La conquista del territorio de Misiones ...............77 Dedicado a su libro Pasado, presente y porvenir del Terri- torio Nacional de Misiones, publicado en 1901, que es una crónica de sus viajes por los ríos de la Mesopotamia y los esteros del Iberá. 6. Exploración del Chaco y otras actividades técnicas ..................................105 Cuenta los trabajos técnicos de Basaldúa referidos a un proyecto de un canal de navegación que atraviesa diago- nalmente el territorio nacional del Chaco y parte de la pro- vincia de Santa Fe, y la realización de mensuras, antepro- yectos portuarios y ferrocarrileros. 7. Cónsul de la Argentina en la India .....................125 Muestra cómo Basaldúa, designado con la alta investidura de cónsul argentino en Calcuta por el presidente José F. Alcorta, cumplió una intensa labor patriótica durante el año 1909, en las áreas técnicas, comerciales y culturales. 8. Las cuatro hijas y la tarjeta de E. L. Holmberg................................139 Señala el cariño que Basaldúa manifestó por sus cuatro hijas –como lo prueban las referencias a ellas en docu- mentos diversos–, además de relatar la historia de una postal remitida a María Teresa de Basaldúa, en 1907, por Eduardo Ladislao Holmberg. 9. Bibliografía comentada: Publicaciones de Basaldúa ....................................161 Enumera los documentos principales de la pluma de Ba- saldúa y otros que cuentan detalles de sus tareas y trayec- toria en el país. 10. Bibliografía general comentada .......................183 Con comentarios y citas, lista por separado obras referi- das a la comunidad vasca, obras referidas a la Patagonia –incluyendo el asentamiento de la colonia galesa– y obras generales en conexión con los temas tratados. Apéndice I ............................................................219 Acerca del lugar donde nació el general José de San Mar- tín. Apéndice II ...........................................................237 Banquete al señor Basaldúa. Reconocimientos y gracias ...................................243 Agradece a diversas personas e instituciones que gentil- mente proporcionaron sugerencias, información y valiosas imágenes para hacer posible la edición de este libro. Índice onomástico ................................................247 Prólogo Debería estar impulsado por una muy fuerte vocación de investigador y, a la vez, por una profunda curiosidad por conocer y desentrañar los vericuetos de una vida apasio- nante y polifacética, de un personaje que transitó múl- tiples actividades y geografías abiertas del país –nuestro país– cuando tanto tenía que “mensurarse” y tanto se requería de aportes, de inteligencias constructivas y de rumbos para definir y alcanzar un sólido destino nacio- nal. Horacio Reggini tuvo la atracción y el talento que el desafío imponía: los itinerarios de Florencio de Basaldúa implicaban la minuciosa tarea de la investigación pacien- te y rigurosa, y la persistencia del gran trabajador inte- lectual, que no retacearía esfuerzos y seguiría buscando datos, realizaciones, los testimonios de la voluntad y las capacidades de un constructor de la Argentina en etapas decisivas: la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Reggini nos permite descubrir a un compatriota –aun- que nació en el país vasco– de grandes méritos y que supo ganarse el reconocimiento de Sarmiento, de Roca, de Sáenz Peña, de Figueroa Alcorta, de los más destacados protago- nistas de la época y con los que contribuyó, en áreas di- HORACIO C. REGGINI versas, al desarrollo del país. Basaldúa fue un visionario excepcional
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