DOCSLIB.ORG

Evaluation of Several Pre-Clinical Tools for Identifying Characteristics

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Evaluation of Several Pre-Clinical Tools for Identifying Characteristics Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs Open Access Theses Theses and Dissertations 12-2016 Evaluation of several pre-clinical tools for identifying characteristics associated with limb bone fracture in thoroughbred racehorses Anthony Nicholas Corsten Purdue University Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses Part of the Veterinary Medicine Commons Recommended Citation Corsten, Anthony Nicholas, "Evaluation of several pre-clinical tools for identifying characteristics associated with limb bone fracture in thoroughbred racehorses" (2016). Open Access Theses. 841. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/841 This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. EVALUATION OF SEVERAL PRE-CLINICAL TOOLS FOR IDENTIFYING CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH LIMB BONE FRACTURE IN THOROUGHBRED RACEHORSES by Anthony N. Corsten A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Basic Medical Sciences Department of Basic Medical Sciences West Lafayette, Indiana December 2016 ii THE PURDUE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL STATEMENT OF THESIS APPROVAL Dr. Russell P. Main, Chair Department of Basic Medical Sciences Dr. Timothy B. Lescun Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Dr. Joseph M. Wallace Department of Biomedical Engineering Approved by: Dr. Laurie A. Jaeger Head of the Departmental Graduate Program iii TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................ v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................ vi ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... viii 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The Problem of Racehorse Fractures ........................................................................ 1 1.2 Factors Related to Overt Fractures and Stress Fractures in Racehorses ................... 2 1.3 Introduction to Pre-Clinical Modalities..................................................................... 3 2. METHODS ..................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Collection and Preparation of Samples ..................................................................... 6 2.2 Horse Sample Demographics and Fracture Groups .................................................. 7 2.3 Sample Testing Pipeline ............................................................................................ 9 2.4 Testing Site Selection .............................................................................................. 10 2.5 Osteoprobe .............................................................................................................. 11 2.6 Biodent .................................................................................................................... 12 2.7 Raman Spectroscopy ............................................................................................... 14 2.8 Radiographs ............................................................................................................. 16 2.9 Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) ....................................... 18 2.10 MATLAB Data Organization ............................................................................... 22 2.11 Statistical Testing .................................................................................................. 23 3. RESULTS ..................................................................................................................... 25 3.1 Osteoprobe .............................................................................................................. 25 3.2 Biodent .................................................................................................................... 27 3.3 Linear Correlations Between Reference Point Indentation Devices ....................... 29 3.4 Raman Spectroscopy ............................................................................................... 31 3.5 pQCT ....................................................................................................................... 35 4. DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................... 38 4.1 pQCT ....................................................................................................................... 39 iv 4.1.1 Bone Mineral Content and Bone Mineral Density ........................................... 40 4.1.2 The Effect of Geometric Properties on Fracture Susceptibility ....................... 42 4.2 Raman Spectroscopy Analysis ................................................................................ 43 4.2.1 Mineral-to-Matrix Ratio & The Hypermineralization Theory ......................... 43 4.2.2 Bone Remodeling Rate ..................................................................................... 44 4.2.3 Carbonate Substitution ..................................................................................... 46 4.3 Reference Point Indentation .................................................................................... 46 4.3.1 Fracture Risk Analysis and Dorsal Metacarpal Disease ................................... 46 4.3.2 Comparison of Reference Point Indentation Devices....................................... 49 5. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS ....................................................... 51 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 55 APPENDIX ....................................................................................................................... 59 v TABLE OF FIGURES Figure 1. Equine forelimb anatomy. ................................................................................... 7 Figure 2. Tested locations for different modalities. .......................................................... 10 Figure 3. Typical report from the Osteoprobe. ................................................................. 11 Figure 4. Example output from the Biodent ..................................................................... 13 Figure 5. Typical successful and erroneous Raman spectroscopy output ........................ 15 Figure 6. Radiographs of four fractured MC3’s. .............................................................. 17 Figure 7.Typical pQCT output .......................................................................................... 20 Figure 8. Significant group level results for reference point indentation. ........................ 28 Figure 9.Lateral, dorsal and medial comparisons for reference point indentation ........... 29 Figure 10. Correlations between reference point indentation devices ............................. 30 Figure 11. Significant group level results for Raman spectroscopy ................................. 33 Figure 12. Significant interaction effects for Amide I mineral:matrix ............................ 33 Figure 13. Significant interaction effects for Amide III mineral:matrix .......................... 34 Figure 14. Significant interaction effects for CH2 wag mineral:matrix ............................ 34 vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Abbreviation Meaning MC3 Third Metacarpal SSMD (Proximal Forelimb) Sesamoid LB Long Bone BMS Bone Material Strength BES Balanced Electrolytic Solution TB Thoroughbred SB Standardbred QH Quarter Horse DP Dorsal-Palmar LM Lateral-Medial 1st ID First Indentation Distance TID Total Indentation Distance IDI Indentation Distance Increase CID Creep Indentation Distance ED Energy Dissipated US Unloading Slope LS Loading Slope TDD Touchdown Distance BMD Bone Mineral Density BMC Bone Mineral Content TRAB Trabecular CORT Cortical (for Diaphysis) SUBCORT Cortical (for Metaphysis) TOT Total MORLM,W Section Modulus across the Lateral Medial Axis, Weighted vii MORDP,W Section Modulus across the Dorsal Palmar Axis, Weighted MORP,W Polar Section Modulus, Weighted FWHM Full-Width at Half-Maximum DMD Dorsal Metacarpal Disease viii ABSTRACT Author: Corsten, Anthony N., M.S. BMS Institution: Purdue University. Degree Received: Master of Science in Basic Medical Sciences, Fall 2016. Title: Evaluation of Several Pre-Clinical Tools for Identifying Characteristics Associated with Limb Bone Fracture in Thoroughbred Racehorses Major Professor: Dr. Russell Main, Ph.D. Catastrophic skeletal fractures in racehorses are devastating not only to the animals, owners and trainers, but also to the perception of the sport in the public eye. The majority of these fatal accidents are unlikely to be due to chance, but are rather an end result failure from stress fractures. Stress fractures are overuse injuries resulting from an accumulation of bone tissue damage over time. Because stress fractures are pathological, it is possible that overt fractures can be predicted and prevented. In this study, third metacarpals (MC3) from 33 thoroughbred racehorse comprised of 8 non-fractured controls and 25 horses that experienced fracture of some limb bone were evaluated for correlative factors for fracture using reference
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Jeremy Bentham, Werner Stark, and 'The Psychology of Economic Man'
    Jeremy Bentham, ‘The Psychology of Economic Man’, and Behavioural Economics Michael Quinn (Bentham Project, UCL. [email protected]) Résumés English Francais § 1 briefly reviews first the received interpretation of Bentham, which sees him as having had little to do with the development of economics (excepting some passing mentions which recognize his deployment of the concept of utility or his reduction of human motivation to self-interest, and perhaps a note on his discussion of the concept of diminishing marginal utility); and second, the manner in which he applies his concept of rationality to political economy. In § 2, the central thesis of the paper is presented: it is argued that an examination of his insights into the psychology of individual choice supplies good reasons to identify him as an intellectual godfather of behavioural economics. In keeping with the normativity of his concept of rationality, Bentham would maintain that the way in which traditional economics continues to ignore the gulf between its model of human decision-making and the facts of human psychology weakens its usefulness both as a science and as a guide to public policy. Bentham anticipated several modifications to the standard model (for instance loss- aversion, the endowment effect, reference dependence, framing, the desire for cognitive ease, and status-quo bias) which have been introduced later by behavioural economics. § 3 introduces two problems concerning the normativity of economics, the first of which, at least for Bentham, rests upon a false premise,
    [Show full text]
  • St Patrick's International College Ltd, November 2015
    Higher Education Review (Alternative Providers) of St Patrick's International College Ltd November 2015 Contents About this review ..................................................................................................... 1 Amended judgements October 2016 ...................................................................... 2 Key findings .............................................................................................................. 3 QAA's judgements about St Patrick's International College Ltd ............................................. 3 Good practice ....................................................................................................................... 3 Recommendations ................................................................................................................ 3 Theme: Digital Literacy ......................................................................................................... 4 About St Patrick's International College Ltd .......................................................... 5 Explanation of the findings about St Patrick's International College Ltd ........... 7 1 Judgement: The maintenance of the academic standards of awards offered on behalf of the awarding organisation ............................................................................... 8 2 Judgement: The quality of student learning opportunities ............................................. 20 3 Judgement: The quality of the information about learning opportunities ......................
    [Show full text]
  • King George VI & Queen Elizabeth Stakes (Sponsored by QIPCO)
    King George VI & Queen Elizabeth Stakes (Sponsored by QIPCO) Ascot Racecourse Background Information for the 65th Running Saturday, July 25, 2015 Winners of the Investec Derby going on to the King George VI & Queen Elizabeth Stakes (Sponsored by QIPCO) Unbeaten Golden Horn, whose victories this year include the Investec Derby and the Coral-Eclipse, will try to become the 14th Derby winner to go on to success in Ascot’s midsummer highlight, the Group One King George VI & Queen Elizabeth Stakes (Sponsored by QIPCO), in the same year and the first since Galileo in 2001. Britain's premier all-aged 12-furlong contest, worth a boosted £1.215 million this year, takes place at 3.50pm on Saturday, July 25. Golden Horn extended his perfect record to five races on July 4 in the 10-furlong Group One Coral- Eclipse at Sandown Park, beating older opponents for the first time in great style. The three-year-old Cape Cross colt, owned by breeder Anthony Oppenheimer and trained by John Gosden in Newmarket, captured Britain's premier Classic, the Investec Derby, over 12 furlongs at Epsom Downs impressively on June 6 after being supplemented following a runaway Betfred Dante Stakes success at York in May. If successful at Ascot on July 25, Golden Horn would also become the fourth horse capture the Derby, Eclipse and King George in the same year. ËËË Three horses have completed the Derby/Eclipse/King George treble in the same year - Nashwan (1989), Mill Reef (1971) and Tulyar (1952). ËËË The 2001 King George VI & Queen Elizabeth Stakes saw Galileo become the first Derby winner at Epsom Downs to win the Ascot contest since Lammtarra in 1995.
    [Show full text]
  • QUINN Barn 40 Hip No. 3761
    Property of Iron County Farms, Inc. Barn Hip No. 40 QUINN 3761 Dark Bay or Brown Mare; foaled 2000 Northern Dancer Nureyev............................. Special Theatrical (IRE) ................. Sassafras (FR) Tree of Knowledge (IRE).... Sensibility QUINN Mill Reef Reference Point................. Home On the Range Checking It Twice (IRE)..... (1989) Key to the Mint Christmas Bonus .............. Sugar Plum Time By THEATRICAL (IRE) (1982). Champion grass horse, black-type winner of $2,840,500, Breeders' Cup Turf [G1], etc. Sire of 19 crops of racing age, 1005 foals, 758 starters, 76 black-type winners, 2 champions, 493 win- ners of 1463 races and earning $73,109,970. Among the leading brood- mare sires, sire of dams of 42 black-type winners, including champions English Channel, Numerous Times, Shillelagh Slew, Mi Amigo Guelo, Mis- sion Possible, Theatrical Award, and of Rail Link, Urban Street, Dublino. 1st dam CHECKING IT TWICE (IRE), by Reference Point. Unraced. Dam of 8 other registered foals, 8 of racing age, 8 to race, 5 winners, including-- Final Decision (g. by Royal Academy). 7 wins, 3 to 8, $79,219. Another King (g. by King Cugat). 3 wins at 3 and 4, 2009, $14,963, in Can- ada. (Total: $13,995). 2nd dam CHRISTMAS BONUS, by Key to the Mint. 7 wins, 3 to 5, $140,557, Poques- sing H. Dam of 15 foals, 12 to race, 11 winners, including-- CHRISTMAS GIFT (f. by Green Desert). 7 wins, 2 to 4, $387,176, Beaugay H. [G3], etc. Dam of CHRISTMAS KID (f. by Lemon Drop Kid, $596,- 877, Ashland S. [G1] (KEE, $310,000), etc.).
    [Show full text]
  • Pedigree Insights
    Andrew Caulfield, October 17, 2006–Teofilo (Ire) P EDIGREE INSIGHTS The enormity of the task ahead of Teofilo mustn=t be under-estimated, as only two colts have managed to BY ANDREW CAULFIELD win even two legs of the Triple Crown since Nijinsky (Reference Point added the St Leger to his Derby DARLEY DEWHURST S.-G1, ,250,000, Newmarket, success in 1987, while Nashwan took the 2000 10-14, 2yo, c/f, 7fT, 1:26.12, gd/sf. Guineas and Derby two years later). The Triple Crown 1--TEOFILO (IRE), 127, c, 2, by Galileo (Ire) remains an exciting possibility, though, and Teofilo=s 1st Dam: Speirbhean (Ire) (SW-Ire), by Danehill record suggests that he could develop into that 2nd Dam: Saviour, by Majestic Light one-in-a-million colt blessed with the necessary 3rd Dam: Victoria Queen, by Victoria Park brilliance, versatility and toughness. Like Nijinsky, his O-Mrs J Bolger; B/T-J Bolger; J-K Manning; ,141,950. juvenile record stands at five wins from five starts and Lifetime Record: G1SW-Ire, 5-5-0-0, ,349,515. both colts gained their fifth success in the G1 Dewhurst S. However, the signs are that Jim Bolger, who also Click for the Racing Post chart or the free brisnet.com bred Teofilo, isn=t looking too far ahead, as he is now catalogue-style pedigree. considering sending his star colt to France for the Criterium International on October 29. If American racing thinks it has been hard done by, Nijinsky was a member of the second crop by with only three Triple Crown winners since Citation in Northern Dancer, a winner of the first two legs of the 1948 and none since Affirmed in 1978, spare a thought Triple Crown, whereas Teofilo comes from the second for the British fans.
    [Show full text]
  • FW Monitoring Program Method Manual for the Reference Point Survey
    104 TFW -AM9-98-002 TFW Monitoring Program METHOD MANUAL for the REFERENCE POINT SURVEY RP #11 by: Allen E. Pleus Dave Schuett-Hames Indi:an Fisheries Commission May 1998 TFW MOlJitoring Program Manua/- May 1998 Pleus, A.E. and D. Schuett-Hames. 1998. TFW Monitoring Program methods manual for the reference point survey. Prepared for the Washington State Dept. of Natural Resources under the Timber, Fish, and Wildlife Agreement. TFW-AM9-98-002. DNR#104. May. Abstract This manual provides a standard method for establishing stable reference point sites for monitoring stream segments over time. Reference points are established at regular intervals along a previously defined stream segment and monumented to be easily relocated. Stream parameters collected during this survey include: I) segment length; 2) bankfull width; 3) bankfull depth; 4) canopy closure; and 5) optional reference photographs. The manual is divided into pre-survey prepa­ ration, field methods, post-field documentation, and data management sections. An extensive appendix section includes a survey task checklist copy master, a materials and equipment source list, field form copy masters, examples of com­ pleted field forms, a data report example, and a glossary of terms. TFW Monitoring Program Washington Dept. of Natural Resources Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission Forest Practices Division: CMER Documents 6730 Martin Way E. P.O. Box 47014 Olympia, WA 98516 Olympia, WA 98504-7014 Ph: (360)438-1180 Ph: (360)902-1400 Fax: (360)753-8659 Internet: http://www.nwifc.wa.gov Reference Point Survey TFW Monitoring Program Mallual- May 1998 The Authors Acknowledgements Allen E. Pleus is the Lead Training and Quality The development of this document was funded by Assurance Biologist for the TFW Monitoring Pro­ the Timber-Fish-Wildlife (TFW) Cooperative gram at the Northwest Indian Fisheries Commis­ Monitoring, Evaluation, and Research (CMER) sion.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 International List of Protected Names
    INTERNATIONAL LIST OF PROTECTED NAMES (only available on IFHA Web site : www.IFHAonline.org) International Federation of Horseracing Authorities 03/06/21 46 place Abel Gance, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France Tel : + 33 1 49 10 20 15 ; Fax : + 33 1 47 61 93 32 E-mail : [email protected] Internet : www.IFHAonline.org The list of Protected Names includes the names of : Prior 1996, the horses who are internationally renowned, either as main stallions and broodmares or as champions in racing (flat or jump) From 1996 to 2004, the winners of the nine following international races : South America : Gran Premio Carlos Pellegrini, Grande Premio Brazil Asia : Japan Cup, Melbourne Cup Europe : Prix de l’Arc de Triomphe, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes, Queen Elizabeth II Stakes North America : Breeders’ Cup Classic, Breeders’ Cup Turf Since 2005, the winners of the eleven famous following international races : South America : Gran Premio Carlos Pellegrini, Grande Premio Brazil Asia : Cox Plate (2005), Melbourne Cup (from 2006 onwards), Dubai World Cup, Hong Kong Cup, Japan Cup Europe : Prix de l’Arc de Triomphe, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes, Irish Champion North America : Breeders’ Cup Classic, Breeders’ Cup Turf The main stallions and broodmares, registered on request of the International Stud Book Committee (ISBC). Updates made on the IFHA website The horses whose name has been protected on request of a Horseracing Authority. Updates made on the IFHA website * 2 03/06/2021 In 2020, the list of Protected
    [Show full text]
  • Sir Henry Cecil Dies Ward Trio Bound for Royal Ascot
    WEDNESDAY, JUNE 12, 2013 732-747-8060 $ TDN Home Page Click Here SIR HENRY CECIL DIES WARD TRIO BOUND FOR ROYAL ASCOT Sir Henry Cecil, one of Britain=s most successful Wesley Ward exploded onto the Royal Ascot scene trainers of all time, has died. He was 70 and had with the 2009 victories of Jealous Again (Trippi) in the battled stomach cancer since 2006. Cecil, who married G2 Queen Mary S. and Strike the Tiger (Tiger Ridge) in Jane McKeown in 2008, is survived by two children the Listed Windsor Castle S., and the Keeneland-based from his first marriage, Katie and Noel, and son Jake conditioner will be back in Berkshire for more next from his second marriage. The Warren Place conditioner week. Ward, who also saddled registered 25 British Classic victories, and was Cannonball (Catienus) to run second in responsible for guiding superstar Frankel (GB) (Galileo the 2009 G1 Golden Jubilee S., was {Ire}) through his unbeaten career. fourth with Gentlemans Code (Proud AIt is with great sadness that Warren Place Stables Accolade) in the 2011 Listed Windsor confirms the passing of Sir Henry Cecil earlier this Castle S., but sidestepped last year=s morning,@ reported meet due to unsuitable track conditions. sirhenrycecil.com. AFollowing His team of three is headed by Susan communication with the Magnier and Ice Wine Stable=s No Nay British Horseracing Authority, Never (Scat Daddy), an Apr. 26 Wesley Ward a temporary licence will be Keeneland maiden winner who is Horsephotos allocated to Lady Cecil. No pointing at Thursday=s G2 Norfolk S.
    [Show full text]
  • Cognitive Reference Points
    Cognitive reference points Semantics beyond the prototypes in adjectives of space and colour Published by LOT phone: +31 30 253 6006 Janskerkhof 13 fax: +31 30 253 6406 3512 BL Utrecht e-mail: [email protected] The Netherlands http://www.lotschool.nl Cover illustration: Matryoshkas. Photograph taken by Izak Salomons. ISBN 978-90-78328-66-7 NUR 616 Copyright © 2008: Elena Tribushinina. All rights reserved. Cognitive reference points Semantics beyond the prototypes in adjectives of space and colour PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof. mr. P.F. van der Heijden, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op dinsdag 28 oktober 2008 klokke 13.45 uur door Elena Tribushinina geboren te Kemerovo, Rusland in 1979 Promotiecommissie Promotores: Prof. dr. A. Verhagen Prof. dr. Th.A.J.M. Janssen (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) Referent: Dr. A. Cienki (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) Overige leden: Dr. E.L.J. Fortuin Dr. W.J.J. Honselaar (Universiteit van Amsterdam) Prof. dr. J. Schaeken Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS VII ABBREVIATIONS X PART I. STAGE-SETTING 1 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE 1 1.2. RESEARCH QUESTIONS 3 1.3. DATA AND METHODOLOGY 3 1.3.1. Pilot study 3 1.3.2. Corpora 6 1.3.3. Survey 15 1.4. THEORETICAL ASSUMPTIONS 19 1.5. OUTLINE OF THE THESIS 23 CHAPTER 2. COGNITIVE REFERENCE POINTS 25 2.1. INTRODUCTION 25 2.2. ROSCH’S COGNITIVE REFERENCE POINTS (1975) 25 2.2.1. Introductory remarks 25 2.2.2.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Vegetation Condition Assessment and Monitoring Manual for Western Australia
    Native Vegetation Condition Assessment and Monitoring Manual for Western Australia Prepared by: N. Casson, S. Downes, and A. Harris Prepared for: The Native Vegetation Integrity Project 2009 This project is funded by the Australian Government and the Government of Western Australia CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS PURPOSE AND SCOPE 1) INTRODUCTION 1.1) MAINTENANCE OF VEGETATION - “TYPES OF” CHANGE 1.2) ISOLATING THE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CHANGE 1.3) A PLETHORA OF FACTORS 2) HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL 2.1) ORIENTATION AND SITE SELECTION 2.2) BASIC ASSESSMENT 2.3) STANDARD ASSESSMENT 2.4) LINKING REMOTE SENSING 2.5) QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES 2.6) MONITORING 2.7) LIMITATIONS 2.8) USE OF TERMS 3) ORIENTATION– BACKGROUND, RECONNAISSANCE & OBSERVATION 3.1) LITERATURE-BASED APPROACH - FINDING BACKGROUND INFORMATION 3.2) FIELD APPROACH - FINDING REFERENCE POINTS 3.2.1) TIMING OF FIELDWORK 3.2.2) LOCAL RECONNAISSANCE 3.2.3) OBSERVE THAT COVER VARIES & FLUCTUATES 3.2.4) EVALUATION OF ATTRIBUTES AT REFERENCE AREAS 3.2.5) EVALUATING MORE VEGETATION TYPES 3.2.6) FRAGMENTED OR RESTRICTED VEGETATION TYPES. 3.2.7) USING REFERENCE VALUES TO SUPPORT CONDITION ASSESSMENT. 4) SITE SELECTION 4.1) AIDS TO SITE SELECTION 4.2) LOCATION WITHIN A VEGETATION UNIT 4.3) EDGE EFFECTS 5) CONDITION 5.1) SITE LAYOUT 5.2) RECORDING DATA & SCORING ATTRIBUTES 5.3) SUMMATION OF THE SCORES 5.4) PRESENTATION OF THE SCORES 5.5) ASSESSMENT WITH CONDENSED SCALES OF FEW ATTRIBUTES 5.5.1) CONDITION SCALES – THE NATIONAL “VAST” SCHEME 5.5.2) CONDITION SCALES – THE W.A. “KEIGHERY”
    [Show full text]
  • EUROPEAN PEDIGREE for CAESAREA (GER) - Three Dams
    EUROPEAN PEDIGREE for CAESAREA (GER) - Three Dams Caerleon (USA) Nijinsky (CAN) Sire: (Bay 1980) Foreseer (USA) GENEROUS (IRE) (Chesnut 1988) Doff The Derby (USA) Master Derby (USA) CAESAREA (GER) (Bay 1981) Margarethen (Chesnut mare 1994) Kris Sharpen Up Dam: (Chesnut 1976) Doubly Sure CRYSTAL RING (IRE) (Bay 1988) Crown Treasure (USA) Graustark (Bay 1973) Treasure Chest CAESAREA (GER) (1994 mare by GENEROUS (IRE)); in Germany, won 3 races and placed 3 times, £8,826 at 3 years, placed 3 times, £2,365 at 4 years, exported to Germany; dam of 12 known foals; 9 known runners; 9 known winners. CARION (GER) (1999 horse by MONSUN (GER)); in Belgium, won 1 race, £1,103 at 9 years; in France, won 1 race, £3,378 at 8 years, placed once, £2,096 at 9 years, placed twice, £2,622 at 10 years, unplaced at 11 years; in Germany, won 3 races and placed 3 times, £6,279 at 4 years, placed 5 times, £5,245 at 5 years, won 2 races and placed twice, £5,345 at 7 years, won 1 race and placed once, £3,446 at 8 years, placed 3 times, £3,088 at 9 years, won 1 race, £3,398 at 10 years, unplaced at 11 years; in Switzerland, won 1 race and placed once, £1,343 at 7 years, won 2 races and placed once, £4,338 at 8 years, won 1 race and placed once, £2,560 at 9 years. Corriolanus (GER) (2000 gelding by ZAMINDAR (USA)); in GB/IRE, won 2 races and placed twice, £28,334 at 4 years, unplaced, £2,809 at 5 years, unplaced, £1,379 at 7 years, placed once, £353 at 8 years, won 1 race and placed twice, £3,036 at 9 years; in Germany, placed twice, £859 at 2 years, won 1 race and
    [Show full text]
  • AHP Style Guide for Equine Publications
    AHP Style Guide for Equine Publications A “A” License USTA “A” Tracks, “B” Tracks USTA A, AA, AAA, AAAT, B AAEP, American Association of Equine Practitioners A-B-C racing USTA AjPHA, American Junior Paint Horse Association ACE – acetylpromazine ACHA – American Cutting Horse Association AFA – American Farriers Association AHSA – American Horse Shows Association AI – artificial insemination ANHA – American Novice Horse Association, Cowboy Publishing Group APHA, American Paint Horse Association APHA Champion APHA Youth Champion Award APHA Superior All-Around-Horse Award APHA Superior Event Horse Award APHA Supreme Champion Award APHA World Championship Show ApHC, Appaloosa Horse Club AQHA, American Quarter Horse Association ASHA, American Saddlebred Horse Association ATPC, American Team Penning Association a half-mile track a five-eighths-mile track a three-quarter-mile track Academy – Upper case when in a proper name (The Academy of Arts and Sciences). Lower case on a second reference (the academy had a meeting). Avoid second references such as “The Cleveland academy.” accommodate account wagering Betting by phone, in which a bettor must open an account with a track or off-track agency. A euphemism for phone betting. Such systems should be identified as telephone-account wagering in the first reference. accoutrements acknowledgment acre – use numbers, 4-acre pasture acey-deucy Uneven stirrups, popularized by Racing Hall of Fame jockey Eddie Arcaro, who rode with his left (inside) iron lower than his right to achieve better balance on turns. Acronyms Letters that take the place of words or phrases that are pronounced as words. For instance, NYRA is an acceptable second reference for the New York Racing Association.
    [Show full text]